MedWorm.com provides a medical RSS filtering service. Over 6000 RSS medical sources are combined and output via different filters. This feed contains the latest items from the 'American Journal on Addictions' source. Tue, 07 Feb 2012 12:26:44 +0100 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5561255&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22211340%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Chesher NJ, Bousman CA, Gale M, Norman SB, Twamley EW, Heaton RK, Everall IP, Judd PA Abstract Little is known about the medical status of individuals entering treatment for co-occurring substance abuse and other mental disorders (COD). We analyzed the medical histories of 169 adults entering outpatient treatment for CODs, estimating lifetime prevalence of chronic illness and current smoking, comparing these rates to the general population, and examining psychiatric and substance-related correlates of chronic illness. Results revealed significantly higher prevalence of hypertension, asthma, arthritis, and smoking compared to the general US population, and showed an association between chronic illness and psychiatric symptom distress and substance use severity. Findings sup... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5561255 Sun, 01 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5561255 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5561232&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22211341%26dopt%3DAbstract We examined the association of three OPRM1 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (rs1799971, rs609148, and rs648893) with SRO in 426 European Americans, using GEE logistic regression analysis to examine the association of a lifetime history of SRO. There was no allelic association with the SRO phenotypes. A larger sample may be needed to identify risk variants that convey SRO risk. OPRM1 may not be important in the risk of SRO. (Am J Addict 2011;21:5-10). PMID: 22211341 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: American Journal on Addictions) American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5561232 Sun, 01 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5561232 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5561231&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22211342%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: De La Rosa M, Babino R, Rosario A, Martinez NV, Aijaz L Abstract The growth of immigrant populations in the United States over the past 20 years has increased the need to enhance understanding about the risk factors that influence their substance abuse and HIV risk behaviors. Today, Latinos account for the largest majority of immigrants gaining entry into the United States. As the largest and fastest growing minority subgroup in the United States, they bear a disproportionate burden of disease and death compared to non-Latinos. Latinos are confronted with escalating HIV and substance-abuse problems, particularly Latinos between the ages of 18-34. This paper is based on our longitudinal study on the drug using and HIV risk behaviors of 527 recent Latino immigrants between t... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5561231 Sun, 01 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5561231 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5561228&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22211343%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, a sizable proportion of IDUs in Tijuana injected as their first drug using experience, although evidence that this was a riskier subgroup of IDUs was inconclusive. (Am J Addict 2011;21: 23-30). PMID: 22211343 [PubMed - in process] (Source: American Journal on Addictions) American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5561228 Sun, 01 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5561228 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5561227&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22211344%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Vander Weg MW, Cai X Abstract Rates of risky alcohol use appear to be elevated among active duty and veteran military personnel. Little is known, however, about characteristics associated with alcohol misuse in these groups. Furthermore, although there is evidence to suggest that patterns of alcohol use differ according to place of residence, no prior studies have investigated variability in alcohol use according to level of rurality and geographic region in US military veterans. The present study evaluated variations in alcohol use (ie, past 30-day use, heavy use, and binge drinking) and drinking and driving according to place of residence among 55,452 US military veterans participating in the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System. Veterans residing in rural areas we... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5561227 Sun, 01 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5561227 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5561215&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22211345%26dopt%3DAbstract This study examined problem areas that patients with SUDs and their family members experience in terms of quality of relations, psychological problems, physical distress, and quality of life. A sample of 32 dyads-persons with SUDs and a family member-were recruited from a substance abuse treatment program, and completed the Maudsley Addiction Profile health symptoms section, EuroQol-5D, Relationship Happiness Scale, Dyadic Adjustment Scale, and the Dedication Scale. Family members reported that four significant others were directly affected by patients' addiction-related problems, while patients reported that less than three family members were affected by their addiction. Consistently, family members indicated that they were less content with their relationship than patients and evaluated... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5561215 Sun, 01 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5561215 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5561214&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22211346%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, data from three clinical trials were retrospectively analyzed to examine QOL in outpatient cocaine abusers with and without alcohol dependence (AD) and the impact of CM on QOL over time as a function of AD status. Patients were randomized to standard care (n = 115) or standard care plus CM (n = 278) for 12 weeks. QOL was assessed at baseline and Months 1, 3, 6, and 9. At treatment initiation, AD patients had lower QOL total scores and they scored lower on several subscale scores than those without AD. CM treatment was associated with improvement in QOL regardless of AD status. These data suggest that CM produces benefits that go beyond substance abuse outcomes, and they support the use of QOL indexes to capture information related to treatment outcomes. (Am J Addict 20... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5561214 Sun, 01 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5561214 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5561194&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22211347%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Tkacz J, Severt J, Cacciola J, Ruetsch C Abstract Opioid dependence (OD), often characterized as a chronic relapsing disorder, affects millions of people worldwide. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of compliance with buprenorphine on reducing relapse among a sample of patients in treatment for OD. Patients new to buprenorphine (N = 703) completed the Addiction Severity Index (ASI) at baseline, and at 1, 2, and 3 months postbaseline. The ASI is a semistructured interview designed to measure problem severity in seven functional areas known to be affected by alcohol and drug dependence. Compliance was defined as taking buprenorphine medication on at least 22 of the past 28 days (80%), while relapse classification was based on resumed use of opioids during... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5561194 Sun, 01 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5561194 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5561193&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22211348%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Kolodziej ME, Muchowski PM, Hamdi NR, Morrissette P, McGowan AJ, Weiss RD Abstract The Patient Feedback Survey is a performance improvement measure designed to assess the quality of outpatient substance abuse treatment. We modified and administered this measure to 500 individuals at a multisite treatment provider. Although the feedback scores were high in general, analyses of variance showed score variability in relation to type and length of treatment. Moreover, respondents who reported any use of marijuana, cravings for substances, or mutual-support group attendance (ie, Alcoholics Anonymous or Narcotics Anonymous) had lower feedback scores than respondents without these experiences. We highlight the importance of investigating treatment evaluations in the context of oth... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5561193 Sun, 01 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5561193 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5561192&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22211349%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Blüml V, Kapusta N, Vyssoki B, Kogoj D, Walter H, Lesch OM Abstract Recent findings in basic scientific research, such as neurobiological and neuroimaging studies, have suggested common pathways for food and drug intake. It was hypothesized that both compete for the same brain reward sites, and that a higher body mass index (BMI) may be associated with lower substance use. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between BMI and substance use in a large sample of young male adults. The sample consisted of 1,902 18-year-old males from a province of Austria in a naturalistic cross-sectional setting. Questionnaires were administered to assess alcohol abuse and dependence (CAGE) and nicotine dependence (Heavy Smoking Index). Urine samples were collected to as... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5561192 Sun, 01 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5561192 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5561188&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22211350%26dopt%3DAbstract This study explored the characteristics associated with treatment dropout in substance dependence patients. A sample of 122 addicted patients (84 treatment completers and 38 treatment dropouts) who sought outpatient treatment was assessed to collect information on sociodemographic, consumption (assessed by EuropASI), psychopathological (assessed by SCL-90-R), and personality variables (assessed by MCMI-II). Completers and dropouts were compared on all studied variables. According to the results, dropouts scored significantly higher on the EuropASI variables measuring employment/support, alcohol consumption, and family/social problems, as well as on the schizotypal scale of MCMI-II. Because most of the significant differences were found in EuropASI variables, three clusters analyses (2, 3, ... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5561188 Sun, 01 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5561188 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5561187&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22211351%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Versini A, Legauffre C, Romo L, Adès J, Gorwood P Abstract Familial and twin studies suggest the implication of a genetic factor in pathological gambling, but mainly assess probands through treatment settings or advertisements. The question raised here is: are parents of casino pathological gamblers using slot machines more affected with pathological gambling than nonpathological gamblers, all interviewed on site at the same casino? Three hundred and fifty-five casino gamblers on slot machines, which included 96 pathological gamblers, 116 problem gamblers, and 143 nonproblem gamblers, were recruited in situ at the largest casino in the Paris suburbs. We evaluated pathological gambling and two addictive disorders (alcohol dependence and tobacco consumption) in the gamblers... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5561187 Sun, 01 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5561187 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5330593&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21999494%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Yip SW, Desai RA, Steinberg MA, Rugle L, Cavallo DA, Krishnan-Sarin S, Potenza MN Abstract In adults, different levels of gambling problem severity are differentially associated with measures of health and general functioning, gambling behaviors, and gambling-related motivations. Here we present data from a survey of 2,484 Connecticut high school students, and investigate the data stratifying by gambling problem severity based on DSM-IV criteria for pathological gambling. Problem/pathological gambling was associated with a range of negative functions; for example, poor academic performance, substance use, dysphoria/depression, and aggression. These findings suggest a need for improved interventions related to adolescent gambling and a need for additional research into the ... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5330593 Wed, 19 Oct 2011 20:27:23 +0100 5330593 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5330592&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21999495%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Brook JS, Zhang C, Brook DW Abstract This investigation studied the association between developmental trajectories of marijuana use extending from adolescence to age 32 and later antisocial behavior at age 37. Semi-parametric group-based modeling and logistic regression analyses were used to analyze the data. Five distinct trajectories of marijuana use were identified: never-users, quitters/decreasers, occasional users, chronic users, and increasing users. Being either a chronic user or an increasing marijuana user was associated with an increase in the risk of exhibiting antisocial behavior in adulthood. Both chronic and increasing use of marijuana may serve as predictors of adult antisocial behavior. Treatment programs to prevent antisocial behavior across the life cours... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5330592 Wed, 19 Oct 2011 20:27:13 +0100 5330592 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5330591&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21999496%26dopt%3DAbstract "High on My Own Supply": Correlates of Drug Dealing among Heterosexually Identified Methamphetamine Users. Am J Addict. 2011 Nov;20(6):516-24 Authors: Semple SJ, Strathdee SA, Volkmann T, Zians J, Patterson TL Abstract Although rates of methamphetamine use continue to increase throughout the United States, little is known about the individuals who sell methamphetamine at the street level. This exploratory study examined the prevalence and correlates of drug-dealing behavior in a sample of 404 heterosexually identified methamphetamine users who were participants in a sexual risk reduction intervention in San Diego, California. Twenty-nine percent of participants (N = 116) reported "dealing" methamphetamine in the past 2 months. In a multivariate logistic regression, methamph... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5330591 Wed, 19 Oct 2011 20:27:03 +0100 5330591 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5330590&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21999497%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Kolla BP, Schneekloth TD, Biernacka JM, Frye MA, Mansukhani MP, Hall-Flavin DK, Karpyak VM, Loukianova LL, Lesnick TG, Mrazek D Abstract Trazodone is one of the most commonly prescribed hypnotic medications in patients with sleep disturbances in alcohol recovery. A recent study concluded that treating insomnia with trazodone in patients with alcohol dependence might impede improvements in alcohol consumption and lead to increased drinking when trazodone is stopped. We set out to investigate the relationship between trazodone use during alcoholism treatment and relapse rates in patients who were discharged from a residential alcohol treatment program. We retrospectively reviewed records of patients with a diagnosis of alcohol dependence in a residential addiction treatment ... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5330590 Wed, 19 Oct 2011 20:26:54 +0100 5330590 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5330589&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21999498%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Engels RC, Slettenhaar G, Ter Bogt T, Scholte RH Abstract People are exposed to many references to alcohol, which might influence their consumption of alcohol directly. In a field experiment, we tested whether textual references to alcohol in music played in bars lead to higher revenues of alcoholic beverages. We created two databases: one contained songs referring to alcohol, the parallel database contained songs with matching artists, tempo, and energetic content, but no references to alcohol. Customers of three bars were exposed to either music textually referring to alcohol or to the control condition, resulting in 23 evenings in both conditions. Bartenders were instructed to play songs with references to alcohol (or not) during a period of 2 hours each of the evenings... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5330589 Wed, 19 Oct 2011 20:26:45 +0100 5330589 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5330588&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21999499%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Vorspan F, Bloch V, Brousse G, Bellais L, Gascon J, Lépine JP Abstract Cocaine use is associated with the occurrence of transient psychotic symptoms. Sixteen poly-substance abusers already in treatment, who were diagnosed with crack dependence, were assessed twice: at baseline and after 3 weeks of medical management specifically aimed at cocaine abstinence. The psychotic symptoms were assessed with the French version of the Scale for Assessment of Positive Symptoms-Cocaine-Induced Psychosis (SAPS-CIP). There was a decrease of both cocaine intake and psychotic symptoms at week 3 (Wilcoxon's Z, p < .001 and .028, respectively). Furthermore, there was a significant correlation between psychotic symptoms and dose reduction (r(2) = .49, Spearman's ρ= .613, p < .012). (A... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5330588 Wed, 19 Oct 2011 20:26:35 +0100 5330588 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5330587&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21999500%26dopt%3DAbstract This study sought to examine the relations between chronic pain and marijuana use in a large nationally representative survey of adults (n = 5,672; 53% female; M(age) = 45.05, SD = 17.9) conducted in the United States. After controlling for sociodemographic variables, lifetime history of depression, and alcohol abuse/dependence, there was a significant association between lifetime chronic pain and lifetime and current marijuana use. Moreover, current chronic pain was significantly associated with lifetime marijuana use. There was no significant association between current chronic pain and current marijuana use, possibly owing to limited statistical power. Results suggest that there are generally consistent statistically significant relations between chronic pain and marijuana use. Future w... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5330587 Wed, 19 Oct 2011 20:26:25 +0100 5330587 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5330586&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21999501%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Guillem E, Notides C, Vorspan F, Debray M, Nieto I, Leroux M, Lépine JP Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of the French version of the Marijuana Effect Expectancy Questionnaire (48 items) and study the cannabis expectancies according to the patterns of substance use and psychiatric disorders (DSM-IV). A sample of 263 subjects (average age 33.1 years [SD = 8.7], 56% men) consisting of cannabis users (n = 64), psychiatric inpatients (n = 175, most of whom were hospitalized for withdrawal), and a control group (n = 24) completed the questionnaire. Internal reliability was good (α= .87) and temporal reliability was satisfactory, with 24 of 48 items having a significant κ≥ .41. Factor analysis showed four main factors that exp... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5330586 Wed, 19 Oct 2011 20:26:15 +0100 5330586 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5330585&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21999502%26dopt%3DAbstract This study extends previous research by examining the impact of the 10 Axis II PDs on early (first 30 days) attrition as well as overall time to dropout in a 9-month residential TC. Survival analyses indicated that borderline was the only PD negatively related to overall program retention. In contrast, ASPD, as well as histrionic PD, were related to very early attrition, but not to overall program retention. Early assessment and identification of at-risk individuals may improve treatment retention and outcome for TC treatment. (Am J Addict 2011:20:555-562). PMID: 21999502 [PubMed - in process] (Source: American Journal on Addictions) American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5330585 Wed, 19 Oct 2011 20:26:04 +0100 5330585 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5330584&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21999503%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Compton MT, Simmons CM, Weiss PS, West JC Abstract Among 1,610 patients with psychotic or mood disorders in routine psychiatric practice, odds ratios (crude and adjusted for age, education, gender, and race) quantified associations between the presence of comorbid cannabis abuse/dependence and seven psychosocial problems. Results revealed a higher prevalence of five of seven Axis IV psychosocial problems among patients who had a psychotic or mood disorder and a comorbid cannabis use disorder. The results underscore the need for careful screening and treatment of comorbid cannabis abuse/dependence among patients with psychotic or mood disorders given the prominent associated psychosocial impairments in this population. (Am J Addict 2011;20:563-567). PMID: 21999503 [PubM... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5330584 Wed, 19 Oct 2011 20:25:54 +0100 5330584 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5330583&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21999504%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Lincoln R, Rosenthal CF, Malte CA, Simpson T Abstract Prior studies have found discrepancies between daily report and retrospective recall of alcohol use. One possible explanation is that there may be an association between memory impairment and alcohol consumption recall errors. Should this possibility be substantiated it could have implications for the types of assessments conducted in alcohol treatment trials. The current study evaluated the degree to which memory impairment, as measured by the California Verbal Learning Test-II, predicted day-to-day discrepancies between daily Interactive Voice Response monitoring and retrospective recall of alcohol use assessed with a 42-day version of the Form-90. Significant differences were detected in absolute difference in days d... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5330583 Wed, 19 Oct 2011 20:25:43 +0100 5330583 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5330582&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21999505%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Lopez-Campos JL, Alvarez-Gutiérrez FJ, Vellisco A, Medina JF, Barrot E Abstract There have been limited studies regarding the characteristics of subjects who have decided to initiate a cessation program to quit tobacco smoking. Identifying such characteristics is important because it provides information regarding recruiting and tailoring strategies, as well as intervention methods. This observational trial with cross-sectional data analysis sought to identify the characteristics of subjects who have decided to initiate a smoking cessation program compared with those who did not. All subjects who asked for information about our cessation program between January 2000 and December 2005 were eligible for participation. All subjects were interviewed regarding their tobacco co... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5330582 Wed, 19 Oct 2011 20:25:33 +0100 5330582 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5330581&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21999506%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Aflatoonian MR, Meymandi MS, Divsalar K, Mahmoudi M, Heravi G Abstract Drug addiction is a complex disorder that has been shown to have a genetic component like several other diseases. Finding any factor that is associated with higher risk of addiction tendency may influence the strategies of prevention and treatment of drug abuse and also provide an avenue of further research in genetics, immunology, and other related fields. This case-control study aimed at finding the frequency rate of ABO blood groups and Rhesus (Rh) factor among opioid dependents. Therefore, 249 opioid dependents referred to the Drug Quit center at Bam, Iran (case group) were compared with 360 blood donors referred to the Blood Transfusion Center (control group) in regard to the frequency of blood gro... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5330581 Wed, 19 Oct 2011 20:25:23 +0100 5330581 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5330580&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21999507%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Miller SI PMID: 21999507 [PubMed - in process] (Source: American Journal on Addictions) American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5330580 Wed, 19 Oct 2011 20:25:13 +0100 5330580 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5141872&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21838837%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Gunderson EW, Levin FR, Rombone MM, Vosburg SK, Kleber HD Abstract Buprenorphine induction poses a barrier for physician adoption of office-based opioid dependence treatment. We conducted a retrospective chart review of the first 41 patients inducted at a newly established outpatient treatment program to examine the induction process and determine strategies associated with greater induction efficiency. Timed withdrawal scales, medication log, and notes enabled reconstruction of the initial day of buprenorphine treatment. To assess change with experience, consecutive patients were divided into three chronological groups for analyses (Phases 1-3). The time required for induction was substantial in Phase 1 (mean 5.5 hours), but temporal efficiency improved to a mean 1.5 hour... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5141872 Sat, 20 Aug 2011 02:51:25 +0100 5141872 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5141871&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21838838%26dopt%3DAbstract This study sought to examine personality disorders and their related clinical variables in a sample of gay, lesbian, bisexual, and transgender (GLBT) individuals with substance use disorders. Study participants were 145 GLBT patients who were admitted to a residential dual diagnosis chemical dependency treatment program. A total of 136 (93.8%) had at least one personality disorder. The most common personality disorders were borderline (n = 93; 64.1%), obsessive-compulsive (n = 82; 56.6%), and avoidant (n = 71; 49.0%) personality disorders. Preliminary data suggest that there is a high prevalence of personality disorders in the GLBT population undergoing chemical dependency treatment. (Am J Addict 2011;00: 1-7). PMID: 21838838 [PubMed - in process] (Source: American Journal on Addicti... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5141871 Sat, 20 Aug 2011 02:51:20 +0100 5141871 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5141870&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21838839%26dopt%3DAbstract This study compares a national sample of homeless and nonhomeless Veterans Affairs (VA) mental health services users to determine risk and protective factors for homelessness. Using VA administrative data, veterans were identified as homeless (ie, used VA homeless services or received a diagnostic code for "lack of housing") or nonhomeless and compared using logistic regression. Additional analyses were conducted for two low-risk subgroups: veterans who served in current Middle East wars (Operation Enduring Freedom [OEF]/Operation Iraqi Freedom [OIF]) and veterans with ≥50% service-connected disability. Among all VA mental health users, OEF/OIF (odds ratio [OR]) = 0.4) and ≥50% service-connected (OR = .3) veterans were less likely to be homeless. In the overall and subgroup analyses, i... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5141870 Sat, 20 Aug 2011 02:51:16 +0100 5141870 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5141869&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21838840%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Choi NG, Dinitto DM Abstract Previous studies provide conflicting information on the relationship between drinking and mental health problems in older men and women. This paper addresses the relationship of binge/heavy drinking to psychological distress in community-dwelling older men and women. The study sample consisted of subjects aged 50 and older (n = 2,462 men and 2,863 women) who participated in the 2008 National Survey on Drug Use and Health. Men and women who drank and drank heavily were compared, and ordinary least squares regression analysis was used to examine the association between drinking and psychological distress after demographic factors and health status were controlled for. Binge/heavy drinking was found to be related to psychological distress in older... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5141869 Sat, 20 Aug 2011 02:51:12 +0100 5141869 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5141868&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21838841%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Jenkins MB, Agrawal A, Lynskey MT, Nelson EC, Madden PA, Bucholz KK, Heath AC Abstract Early-onset alcohol use is associated with increased vulnerability to subsequent alcohol abuse and dependence. However, not all early-onset alcohol users develop alcohol use disorders (AUDs). Using a sample of young women from the United States, we identify correlates that contribute to a greater likelihood of AUDs in early-onset alcohol users. Using interview and questionnaire data on participants of the Missouri Adolescent Female Twin Study (MOAFTS), we examine whether measures from domains including sociodemographic, pubertal development, religiosity, educational achievement, adverse life events, internalizing disorders, externalizing disorders, and family history and discipline were ... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5141868 Sat, 20 Aug 2011 02:51:08 +0100 5141868 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5141867&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21838842%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Brower KJ, Krentzman A, Robinson EA Abstract Insomnia is common, persistent, and increases the risk for relapse in alcohol-dependent (AD) patients. Abstinence has long been considered the best strategy for allowing sleep to normalize, although how many and which patients respond to abstinence is unknown. The aims of this study were to investigate the prevalence and correlates of both baseline and persistent insomnia in AD patients. The course of sleep problems in response to abstinence, moderate drinking, or relapse following treatment was also examined. A naturalistic longitudinal outcomes study interviewed 267 patients (69% male; mean age of 44 years) with DSM-IV alcohol dependence at baseline and 6 months later (84% follow-up rate) . The Sleep Problems Questionnaire, Ti... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5141867 Sat, 20 Aug 2011 02:51:04 +0100 5141867 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5141866&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21838843%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Dakwar E, Nunes EV, Bisaga A, Carpenter KC, Mariani JP, Sullivan MA, Raby WN, Levin FR Abstract Depressive symptoms often coexist with substance use disorders (SUDs). The DSM-IV has identified two distinct categories for depression coexisting with SUDs-independent depression and substance-induced depression. While this distinction has important therapeutic and prognostic implications, it remains difficult to make in clinical practice; the differentiation is often guided by chronological and symptom severity criteria that patients may be unable to precisely provide. Furthermore, it is unclear whether the various substances commonly abused-cannabis, cocaine, and opioids-are equally associated with the two types of depression. Predictors, associations, and other markers may b... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5141866 Sat, 20 Aug 2011 02:50:59 +0100 5141866 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5141865&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21838844%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Price KL, Desantis SM, Simpson AN, Tolliver BK, McRae-Clark AL, Saladin ME, Baker NL, Wagner MT, Brady KT Abstract Inconsistencies in reports on methamphetamine (METH) associated cognitive dysfunction may be attributed, at least in part, to the diversity of study sample features (eg, clinical and demographic characteristics). The current study assessed cognitive function in a METH-dependent population from rural South Carolina, and the impact of demographic and clinical characteristics on performance. Seventy-one male (28.2%) and female (71.8%) METH-dependent subjects were administered a battery of neurocognitive tests including the Test of Memory Malingering (TOMM), Shipley Institute of Living Scale, Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test (PASAT), Symbol Digit Modalities Tes... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5141865 Sat, 20 Aug 2011 02:50:54 +0100 5141865 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5141864&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21838845%26dopt%3DAbstract This study compares the efficacy of the Community Reinforcement Approach (CRA) with and without an incentive program for cocaine-dependent patients in Spain. A total of 58 patients were randomly assigned to the CRA or CRA plus vouchers condition. In the CRA plus vouchers group, mean percentage of cocaine-negative samples was 97.07%, versus 79.76% in the no-voucher group. Those treated in the CRA plus vouchers condition also achieved greater improvements in psychosocial functioning than those treated in the CRA condition. The present results show that treatment outcome is better if incentives are delivered contingent upon the submission of cocaine-free urine specimens. (Am J Addict 2011;00:1-6). PMID: 21838845 [PubMed - in process] (Source: American Journal on Addictions) American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5141864 Sat, 20 Aug 2011 02:50:50 +0100 5141864 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5141863&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21838846%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Meszaros ZS, Dimmock JA, Ploutz-Snyder RJ, Abdul-Malak Y, Leontieva L, Canfield K, Batki SL Abstract The goal of the present study was to identify predictors of smoking severity in patients with schizophrenia and co-occurring alcohol use disorders (AUD). Our hypothesis was that negative symptoms of schizophrenia, severity of depression, male gender, drinking severity, and recreational drug use were associated with increased smoking. Clinical data, including demographic variables, alcohol and substance use severity, psychiatric medications, severity of depression, positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia were analyzed in a cohort of 90 patients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder and AUD. Eighty-eight percent of participants were smokers, they smoked an av... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5141863 Sat, 20 Aug 2011 02:50:46 +0100 5141863 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5141862&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21838847%26dopt%3DAbstract Defining "Binge" Drinking as Five Drinks per Occasion or Drinking to a .08% BAC: Which Is More Sensitive to Risk? Am J Addict. 2011 Sep;20(5):468-75 Authors: Fillmore MT, Jude R Abstract Heavy episodic or "binge" drinking is commonly defined as drinking 4-5 drinks per occasion (5/4 definition) or drinking that results in a blood alcohol concentration (BAC) of .08%. The present study compared the validity of each binge definition as an indicator of at-risk, problem drinking. Two hundred and fifty-one college students were classified as nonbinge drinkers or as binge drinkers based on the 5/4 definition or the .08% BAC definition. The two definitions of binge drinking were examined in terms of their sensitivity and specificity as indicators of alcohol-related problems as deter... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5141862 Sat, 20 Aug 2011 02:50:41 +0100 5141862 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5141861&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21838848%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Suzuki J, Chang G PMID: 21838848 [PubMed - in process] (Source: American Journal on Addictions) American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5141861 Sat, 20 Aug 2011 02:50:37 +0100 5141861 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5141860&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21838849%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Rizkallah E, Legault L, Pampoulova T, Lévesque S, Bélanger M, Stavro K, Chiasson JP, Potvin S PMID: 21838849 [PubMed - in process] (Source: American Journal on Addictions) American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5141860 Sat, 20 Aug 2011 02:50:33 +0100 5141860 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5141859&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21838850%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Hess M, Boesch L, Leisinger R, Stohler R PMID: 21838850 [PubMed - in process] (Source: American Journal on Addictions) American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5141859 Sat, 20 Aug 2011 02:50:29 +0100 5141859 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5141858&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21838851%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: McDonell MG, Srebnik D, Angelo F, Sugar AM, Howell D, Rainey C, Roll J, Short R, Ries R PMID: 21838851 [PubMed - in process] (Source: American Journal on Addictions) American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5141858 Sat, 20 Aug 2011 02:50:24 +0100 5141858 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5141857&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21838852%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Vayalapalli S, Vaughn M, Salles-Shahid K, Byrd-Sellers J, Drexler K Abstract Cocaine dependence continues to be a highly prevalent disorder, which is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Numerous medications have been investigated as potential adjunctive therapeutic measures, but with minimal success. None have been given Food and Drug Administration approval for treatment of cocaine dependence. (Am J Addict 2011;00:1-2). PMID: 21838852 [PubMed - in process] (Source: American Journal on Addictions) American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5141857 Sat, 20 Aug 2011 02:50:19 +0100 5141857 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5141856&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21838853%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Khalil RB, Aoun-Bacha Z, Richa S PMID: 21838853 [PubMed - in process] (Source: American Journal on Addictions) American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5141856 Sat, 20 Aug 2011 02:50:15 +0100 5141856 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5141855&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21838854%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Pehlivan M, Kürtüncü M, Yargıç I, Tüzün E PMID: 21838854 [PubMed - in process] (Source: American Journal on Addictions) American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5141855 Sat, 20 Aug 2011 02:50:11 +0100 5141855 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5141854&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21838855%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Vila-Rodriguez F, Macewan GW, Honer WG PMID: 21838855 [PubMed - in process] (Source: American Journal on Addictions) American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5141854 Sat, 20 Aug 2011 02:50:07 +0100 5141854 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4962971&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21679261%26dopt%3DAbstract The objective of this study was to determine whether there are gender-specific associations between trauma exposure and alcohol or drug relapse in alcohol-dependent adults. Participants were 51 men (n = 24) and women (n = 27) with alcohol dependence, 22 (43.1%) of whom relapsed during study participation. Severity of childhood trauma; number of lifetime events evoking fear, helplessness, or horror; and current trauma symptoms all predicted relapse in women, but not in men. These findings highlight the importance of assessing trauma history and providing treatment of trauma-related symptoms for individuals with alcohol and drug dependence, and for women in particular. (Am J Addict 2011;00:1-5). PMID: 21679261 [PubMed - in process] (Source: American Journal on Addictions) American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4962971 Sat, 25 Jun 2011 04:45:39 +0100 4962971 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4962970&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21679262%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Batki SL, Canfield KM, Ploutz-Snyder R We set out to describe the prevalence and severity of psychiatric and substance use disorders (SUDs) in methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and to measure the impact on HCV-treatment eligibility. Psychiatric disorders, SUDs, and HCV-treatment eligibility were assessed in 111 MMT patients prior to a controlled trial of HCV treatment. Lifetime and current diagnosis rates, respectively, were: any non-SUD Axis I disorder: 82% and 57%, any mood disorder: 67% and 35%, any anxiety disorder: 63% and 22%, any psychotic disorder: 11% and 9%. Antisocial personality disorder was present in 40%. A total of 56% met criteria for current SUDs. A total of 66% received psychiatric medications prior ... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4962970 Sat, 25 Jun 2011 04:45:35 +0100 4962970 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4962969&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21679263%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Hobbs JD, Kushner MG, Lee SS, Reardon SM, Maurer EW Approximately half of those receiving treatment for an alcohol use disorder (AUD) also suffer with an anxiety or depressive (internalizing) disorder. Because all internalizing disorders mark a poor alcohol treatment outcome, it seems reasonable to supplement AUD treatment with a psychiatric intervention when these disorders co-occur with AUD. However, this conclusion may be faulty given that the various possible interrelationships between AUD and internalizing disorders do not uniformly imply a high therapeutic yield from this approach. Unfortunately, the studies conducted to date have been too few and too small to resolve this important clinical issue with confidence. Therefore, we used a meta-analytic method to synthesize t... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4962969 Sat, 25 Jun 2011 04:45:30 +0100 4962969 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4962968&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21679264%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Plebani JG, Oslin DW, Lynch KG Prior clinical findings have indicated a potential lack of naltrexone efficacy among African Americans with alcohol dependence. However, no definitive conclusions have been drawn due to the relatively small numbers of African Americans in most alcohol treatment trials. The purpose of this study was to examine alcohol and naltrexone effects on healthy African-American individuals in a laboratory environment. Nonalcohol-dependent social drinking adults of African descent (n = 43) were recruited for participation. After consenting and completing the baseline assessment, they participated in four separate alcohol challenge sessions each separated by at least 10 days. During each of the sessions, subjects were administered alcohol or sham drinks, afte... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4962968 Sat, 25 Jun 2011 04:45:26 +0100 4962968 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4962967&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21679265%26dopt%3DAbstract The objective of this study was to assess self-reported life events, anxiety, and depression in patients with heroin dependence. In this survey, Chinese heroin-dependent patients (n = 139) were asked to conduct a battery of self-reported questionnaires. A total of 76.26% of heroin-dependent patients reported the occurrence of major lifestyle pattern (dietary and sleep) changes as negative life events. Financial problems from family, unemployment, and poor interpersonal relationships were also frequently reported as negative events. Heroin-dependent patients experienced overwhelmingly more negative life events than positive life events. Those negative life events positively correlated with depression and anxiety. They also exhibited high levels of anxiety (Self-Rating Anxiety Scale, mean 44... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4962967 Sat, 25 Jun 2011 04:45:22 +0100 4962967 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4962966&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21679266%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Sullivan LE, Tetrault JM, Braithwaite RS, Turner BJ, Fiellin DA Brief physician interventions can reduce alcohol consumption. Physicians may not have the time to provide brief interventions, and it is unclear whether nonphysicians can do so effectively. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to examine the efficacy of brief interventions by nonphysician clinicians for unhealthy alcohol use. We searched the English-language literature in MEDLINE and other databases covering the domains of alcohol problems, primary care, nonphysician, and brief interventions. Studies of brief interventions delivered at least in part by nonphysicians in primary care and examining drinking outcomes were included. Sensitivity analyses examined the effect of excluding studies that contri... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4962966 Sat, 25 Jun 2011 04:45:18 +0100 4962966 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4962965&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21679267%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Tate SR, Mrnak-Meyer J, Shriver CL, Atkinson JH, Robinson SK, Brown SA Low attendance in addiction treatment, particularly in cases of comorbidity, has been identified as a pervasive challenge. We examine predictors of treatment retention in a sample of veterans (N = 253) participating in a clinical trial comparing two types of psychotherapy for co-occurring depression and substance use disorders. The study protocol included 24 weeks of outpatient group psychotherapy in either a newly developed Integrated Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (ICBT) or Twelve-Step Facilitation Therapy (TSF). Using a model of treatment utilization developed by Aday and Anderson, we analyzed predictors categorized into predisposing factors, enabling resources, need for treatment, and type of treatment re... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4962965 Sat, 25 Jun 2011 04:45:14 +0100 4962965 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4962964&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21679268%26dopt%3DAbstract This study expands the scope of scholarly examination of MA-dependent users entering treatment, as there has not been a development of coherent profiles of QOL among representative samples of clinical MA-abusing populations to date. (Am J Addict 2011;00:1-7). PMID: 21679268 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: American Journal on Addictions) American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4962964 Sat, 25 Jun 2011 04:45:10 +0100 4962964 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4962963&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21679269%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: McNicholas LF PMID: 21679269 [PubMed - in process] (Source: American Journal on Addictions) American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4962963 Sat, 25 Jun 2011 04:45:06 +0100 4962963 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4709539&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21477045%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Petrakis IL, Rosenheck R, Desai R There is considerable concern about the emergence of significant substance abuse among younger veterans of war in the Middle East, especially among those with Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), but little information exists on the magnitude of this problem. Using national administrative data from the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) (n = 1,001,996), we examined rates of diagnosed substance use disorders in Veterans who served in Iraq and Afghanistan diagnosed with PTSD compared to other psychiatric disorders; and compared rates among veterans of other service eras. Of VA patients with a selected mental disorder, 21.0% had a comorbid substance diagnosis. Veterans who served in the post-Vietnam era (VET) (1973-1991) had the highest rates o... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4709539 Thu, 14 Apr 2011 12:16:45 +0100 4709539 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4709538&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21477046%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Jones JD, Vosburg SK, Manubay JM, Comer SD This pilot study sought to characterize typical nonmedical oxycodone use in the New York Metropolitan area. Accordingly, a clinical interview was administered to 25 intranasal (IN) and 25 intravenous (IV) oxycodone abusers to capture demographics and patterns of use within the region. IN and IV abusers shared a number of similar characteristics including age, proportion of men and women, criminal history, drug use history, and current recreational drug use. However, the two populations also differed in a number of aspects. IV oxycodone users had lower rates of employment, earlier onset of illicit drug use, and more current heroin use. Although IN users reported somewhat more frequent use of oxycodone weekly, IV users were more likely ... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4709538 Thu, 14 Apr 2011 12:16:40 +0100 4709538 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4709537&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21477047%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Jones HE, O'Grady KE, Tuten M This randomized clinical trial examined the efficacy of comprehensive usual care (UC) alone (n = 42) or enhanced by reinforcement-based treatment (RBT) (n = 47) to produce improved treatment outcomes, maternal delivery, and neonatal outcomes in pregnant women with opioid and/or cocaine substance use disorders. RBT participants spent, on average, 32.6 days longer in treatment (p < .001) and almost six times longer in recovery housing than did UC participants (p = .01). There were no significant differences between the RBT and UC conditions in proportion of participants testing positive for any illegal substance. Neonates in the RBT condition spent 1.3 fewer days hospitalized after birth than UC condition neonates (p = .03), although the two cond... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4709537 Thu, 14 Apr 2011 12:16:36 +0100 4709537 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4709536&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21477048%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Killeen TK, Greenfield SF, Bride BE, Cohen L, Gordon SM, Roman PM Privately funded addiction treatment programs were surveyed to increase understanding of assessment and current treatment options for patients with co-occurring substance use and eating disorders. Data were collected from face-to-face interviews with program administrators of a nationally representative sample of 345 private addiction treatment programs. Although the majority of programs reported screening for eating disorders, programs varied in screening instruments used. Sixty-seven percent reported admitting cases of low severity. Twenty-one percent of programs attempt to treat eating disorders. These results highlight the need for education of addiction treatment professionals in assessment, referral, and t... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4709536 Thu, 14 Apr 2011 12:16:31 +0100 4709536 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4709535&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21477049%26dopt%3DAbstract This study investigated the role of parental diagnosis of alcohol abuse/dependence and perceived family norms for adolescent drinking on alcohol use and alcohol-related problems among urban American Indian youth. A total of 251 urban, American Indian youth and their parents/caregivers were followed from ages 13 to 18. Perceived family norms against alcohol decreased and alcohol use increased from ages 13 to 18. Relative to no parental diagnosis, youth with one or two parents diagnosed with alcohol abuse/dependence were less likely to perceive family norms against alcohol use. Youth with two parents diagnosed were more likely to report alcohol-related problems at age 18 compared to no parental diagnosis. Faster rates of decrease in perceived family norms against alcohol use were associated ... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4709535 Thu, 14 Apr 2011 12:16:26 +0100 4709535 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4709534&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21477050%26dopt%3DAbstract We report on the performance of the NODS-CLiP, an existing brief, three-item screen for problem and pathological gambling, and an alternative four-item screen that demonstrates improved sensitivity, good positive and negative predictive power, and invariance across key demographic groups . Given the high rates of comorbidity, routine and accurate identification of gambling-related problems among individuals seeking help for substance abuse and related disorders is important. The original and the alternative brief screens are likely to be useful in a range of clinical settings. (Am J Addict 2011;00:1-8). PMID: 21477050 [PubMed - in process] (Source: American Journal on Addictions) American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4709534 Thu, 14 Apr 2011 12:16:21 +0100 4709534 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4709533&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21477051%26dopt%3DAbstract This study provides preliminary evidence that older cocaine abusers use a significant amount of cocaine and that there is an interaction between aging and cocaine abuse on psychomotor speed, attention, and short-term memory. Future examination of neurocognitive function in older cocaine abusers is clearly warranted. (Am J Addict 2011;00:1-12). PMID: 21477051 [PubMed - in process] (Source: American Journal on Addictions) American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4709533 Thu, 14 Apr 2011 12:16:13 +0100 4709533 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4709532&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21477052%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Akiyama K, Saito A, Shimoda K Eighty female incarcerated subjects who maintained a long-term methamphetamine (METH) abstinence, but manifested psychosis, were examined for correlations among symptom severity premorbid diathesis, recurrence, and adverse effects of pharmacotherapy. Baseline symptoms were assessed with a 24-item version of the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) prior to, and 2 weeks after, the commencement of pharmacotherapy. Fifty-four subjects who had abused volatile solvents in their teenage years commenced METH abuse at a significantly lower age than the rest of the subjects (18.4 vs. 22.5 years old, p < .001). Twenty-nine patients who had attempted suicide in their lives suffered from premorbid psychiatric disorders significantly more often than those ... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4709532 Thu, 14 Apr 2011 12:16:09 +0100 4709532 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4709531&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21477053%26dopt%3DAbstract The objective of this study was to determine if there is evidence for a causative link between sex under the influence of drugs or alcohol and risky sex for men in substance abuse treatment. Men in treatment participating in a multisite HIV prevention protocol who reported on baseline, 3, or 6 months computerized assessments the details of their most recent sexual events, and who reported having sexual events under the influence and not under the influence, and who reported most recent events that did and did not include condom use served as participants (n = 37). Safe sex was not significantly more likely to happen when participants were under the influence of drugs or alcohol during their most recent sexual event (48.3%) than when they were not under the influence (49%, p = .82). In this... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4709531 Thu, 14 Apr 2011 12:16:05 +0100 4709531 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4709530&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21477054%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Le Strat Y, Gorwood P This analysis assesses the 12-month prevalence of coronary heart disease (CHD) in individuals according to their category of alcohol use. The 2001-2002 National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions study (the NESARC, n = 43,093) identified 16,147 abstinent individuals, 15,884 moderate consumers, 9,578 hazardous drinkers-defined as exceeding sex-specific weekly limits established by the World Health Organization, and 1,484 alcohol-dependent subjects. Diagnoses were generated using the Alcohol Use Disorder and Associated Disabilities Interview Schedule-DSM-IV version. Both moderate and hazardous drinking were associated with decreased odds of CHD when compared with abstinence, whereas odds of CHD were not significantly different between al... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4709530 Thu, 14 Apr 2011 12:16:02 +0100 4709530 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4709529&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21477055%26dopt%3DAbstract This study explored the reliability and validity of a nine-item screening tool (Co-Occurring Joint Action Council [COJAC] Screening Tool [CST]) for co-occurring disorders (COD). Using a convenience sample (n = 1,951), an online survey was conducted in multiple settings and included demographic questions, the CST, the Global Appraisal of Individual Needs-Short Screener (GAIN-SS), and the Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist-Civilian version. The CST substance abuse (SA) scale performed well with a Cronbach's alpha of .84 and a correlation of .71 with GAIN-SS SA (past year). The CST mental health and trauma items did not perform well as scales with Cronbach's alphas of .64 and .56, respectively. The CST-SA is a short, reliable, and valid measure of SA. Further study is needed to determi... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4709529 Thu, 14 Apr 2011 12:15:58 +0100 4709529 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4709528&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21477056%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Lundgren L, Amodeo M, Krull I, Chassler D, Weidenfeld R, de Saxe Zerden L, Gowler R, Lederer J, Cohen A, Beltrame C This national study of addiction-treatment organizations' implementation of evidence-based practices examines: (1) organizational/leadership factors associated with director (n = 212) attitudes regarding staff resistance to organizational change, and (2) organizational/staff factors associated with staff (n = 312) attitudes regarding evidence-based clinical training. Linear regression analyses, controlling for type of treatment unit, leadership/staff characteristics and organizational readiness to change, identified that directors who perceived their organization needed more guidance and had less staff cohesion and autonomy rated staff resistance to organizationa... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4709528 Thu, 14 Apr 2011 12:15:54 +0100 4709528 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4709527&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21477057%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Koordeman R, Anschutz DJ, Engels RC The present pilot study examined the effects of alcohol commercials shown in movie theaters on the alcohol consumption of young adults who see these commercials. A two (alcohol commercials vs. nonalcohol commercials) by two (high weekly alcohol consumption vs. low weekly alcohol consumption) between-participant design was used, in which 184 young adults (age: 16-28 years) were exposed to a movie that was preceded by either alcohol commercials or nonalcohol commercials. Participants' actual alcohol consumption while watching the movie ("Watchmen") was examined. An analysis of variance (ANOVA) was conducted to examine the effects of the commercial condition on alcohol consumption. An interaction effect was found between commercial condition an... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4709527 Thu, 14 Apr 2011 12:15:50 +0100 4709527 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4709526&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21477058%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Tang YL, Khoury L, Bradley B, Gillespie CF, Ressler KJ, Cubells JF The Kreek-McHugh-Schluger-Kellogg (KMSK) scale was developed to quantify self-exposure to opiates, cocaine, alcohol, and tobacco. The original study was limited by a relatively small sample that was not representative of general clinical populations, and did not include marijuana exposure. For the current study, participants were recruited from primary care outpatient clinics in an urban public hospital. The primary measure was the KMSK scale. The Structured Interview for Diagnosis for DSM-IV (SCID) was used as the "gold standard" for substance dependence diagnoses, and the results of KMSK assessments were evaluated using receiver operator characteristic (ROC) analysis. The sample (n = 439) was predominantly Af... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4709526 Thu, 14 Apr 2011 12:15:44 +0100 4709526 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4709525&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21477059%26dopt%3DAbstract Response to "A Web-Based Study of Gamma Hydroxybutyrate (GHB): Patterns, Experiences, and Functions of Use". Am J Addict. 2011 May;20(3):300-1 Authors: Zvosec D, Smith S PMID: 21477059 [PubMed - in process] (Source: American Journal on Addictions) American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4709525 Thu, 14 Apr 2011 12:15:39 +0100 4709525 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4709524&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21477060%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Sofuoglu M, Carroll KM PMID: 21477060 [PubMed - in process] (Source: American Journal on Addictions) American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4709524 Thu, 14 Apr 2011 12:15:33 +0100 4709524 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4709523&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21477061%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Jutras-Aswad D, Scimeca MM PMID: 21477061 [PubMed - in process] (Source: American Journal on Addictions) American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4709523 Thu, 14 Apr 2011 12:15:22 +0100 4709523 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4709522&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21477062%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Ahmadi J, Keshtkar M, Pridmore S PMID: 21477062 [PubMed - in process] (Source: American Journal on Addictions) American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4709522 Thu, 14 Apr 2011 12:15:11 +0100 4709522 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4478901&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21314750%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Acuda W, Othieno CJ, Obondo A, Crome IB Use of alcohol and other psychoactive substances is associated with serious social and public health problems, but the extent of the problem in Sub-Saharan Africa is not well known. We set out to review epidemiological publications on alcohol and other psychoactive substances in Sub-Saharan Africa by performing a systematic search of electronic databases and paper records. Ten Sub-Saharan African countries are among the 22 in the world with the highest increase in per capita alcohol consumption. Cannabis, tobacco, and khat are widely used, and use of cocaine, stimulants, and heroin is increasing. More epidemiological research and implementation and evaluation of interventions is needed. Collaboration between African researchers and those... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4478901 Tue, 15 Feb 2011 20:46:25 +0100 4478901 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4478900&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21314751%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: McDonald LJ, Griffin ML, Kolodziej ME, Fitzmaurice GM, Weiss RD In this exploratory analysis, we assessed the effect of drug use among social-network members on recovery from drug dependence in patients with co-occurring bipolar disorder. Patients (n = 57) enrolled in a group therapy study completed assessments over 15 months. Patients with zero to one drug users in their social networks at intake had few days of drug use during treatment and follow-up, whereas those with ≥2 drug users had significantly more days of drug use. Multivariate analysis showed that patients who consistently named multiple drug users in their social networks had a marked increase in drug use over 15 months, while those who never or occasionally named multiple drug users had a small decline in drug ... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4478900 Tue, 15 Feb 2011 20:46:20 +0100 4478900 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4478899&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21314752%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: O'Brien CP, Gastfriend DR, Forman RF, Schweizer E, Pettinati HM The emergence of extended-release naltrexone (XR-NTX) raises the opportunity to explore the role of endorphin blockade on hedonic response during long-term alcohol dependence treatment. A hedonic survey was administered to 74 alcohol dependent patients treated for an average of 3.5 years with nearly continuous month-long intramuscular XR-NTX. The paper-and-pencil, one-time survey asked patients about the degree of pleasure they experienced in the past 90 days with drinking alcohol, sex, exercise and other daily activities. The data revealed lower pleasure ratings for alcohol than for sex, exercise and 10 other common activities. Mean responses to drinking alcohol and gambling were significantly lower than to liste... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4478899 Tue, 15 Feb 2011 20:46:16 +0100 4478899 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4478898&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21314753%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Smits JA, Bonn-Miller MO, Tart CD, Irons JG, Zvolensky MJ The present study examined the working hypothesis that moderate-intensity exercise is associated with coping-oriented marijuana use motives through its association with the fear of somatic arousal (ie, anxiety sensitivity). Using data from 146 young adult current marijuana users, we found evidence consistent with this hypothesis. Specifically, moderate-intensity exercise was associated with coping-oriented use motives, even after controlling for frequency of current marijuana use and other co-occurring marijuana use motives. This relationship became nonsignificant after entering anxiety sensitivity as an additional predictor variable, denoting a putative mediational role for this cognitive factor. These findings extend ... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4478898 Tue, 15 Feb 2011 20:46:12 +0100 4478898 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4478897&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21314754%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Seifert CA, Wulfert E Laboratory studies on gambling may not represent an accurate analog of actual gambling behavior because they typically fail to model a meaningful level of risk and reward that is given in real-world settings. The current study sought to address this problem. One hundred and twenty college students were given the opportunity to bet valued experimental credits required for passing an introductory psychology course on the outcome of a videotaped horse race while their heart rate was monitored. Of those, 67 decided to wager, whereas 53 did not. Individuals who wagered course credits demonstrated a larger increase in heart rate and reported more subjective excitement during the race compared to individuals who did not bet. While the bettors' heart rates remain... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4478897 Tue, 15 Feb 2011 20:46:07 +0100 4478897 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4478896&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21314755%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Brown PC, Alfonso J, Dunn ME Gamma hydroxybutyrate (GHB) has been linked to overdose, criminal surreptitious administration, the need for emergency medical care, and fatalities worldwide. To begin to identify and understand the motivational factors that lead to the use of GHB, the present investigation utilized methods that have been successful in identifying potential expectancy targets and have been incorporated into prevention and intervention strategies successful in reducing high-risk alcohol use. In the present investigation, GHB expectancies were elicited from 926 voluntary participants aged 18-60 at a university in the southeastern United States to develop the GHB Expectancy Questionnaire (GHBEQ). The GHBEQ was subsequently administered to a different sample of 1,373 p... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4478896 Tue, 15 Feb 2011 20:46:02 +0100 4478896 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4478895&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21314756%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Barry DT, Beitel M, Breuer T, Cutter CJ, Savant J, Schottenfeld RS, Rounsaville BJ We surveyed 150 methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) program patients about willingness to use, and perceived efficacy of, conventional and unconventional nonpharmacological stress-related treatments. Although levels of treatment willingness and perceived efficacy for both conventional and unconventional treatments were high, ratings for conventional interventions were, on average, significantly higher than those for unconventional ones. Dimensions of psychiatric distress-but not demographic or MMT characteristics-predicted treatment willingness for conventional therapies and treatment willingness and perceived efficacy for unconventional therapies. These findings are likely to have implication... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4478895 Tue, 15 Feb 2011 20:45:57 +0100 4478895 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4478894&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21314757%26dopt%3DAbstract We examined self-worth, depression, anxiety, and novelty seeking in the context of substance use cessation during pregnancy in a sample of women with a high prevalence of substance abuse. Subjects were 448 birth mothers who participated in a prospective adoption study. Discontinuation rates were: tobacco 22.2%, alcohol 64.7%, marijuana 77.2%, and other drugs, 73.7-100%. Depression, anxiety, and novelty seeking were lower among women who discontinued substance use, compared to those who did not. Self-worth was higher in women who discontinued substance use. Among 110 polysubstance users, the number of substances discontinued during pregnancy was correlated with depression, anxiety, and self-worth in the hypothesized direction. Possible clinical implications are discussed. (Am J Addict 201... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4478894 Tue, 15 Feb 2011 20:45:52 +0100 4478894 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4478893&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21314758%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Fox HC, Bergquist KL, Casey J, Hong KA, Sinha R Emotional Intelligence (EI) comprises the ability to perceive, use, understand, and regulate emotions and may potentially contribute to variability in risk-related factors such as stress perception and impulse control in cocaine dependent individuals. The main objective of the current study is to better define EI in cocaine dependent individuals compared with healthy controls, using the Mayer, Salovey, and Caruso Emotional Intelligence Test (MSCEIT). Secondary analysis investigates the association between EI, IQ factors, perceived stress, and impulse control in both populations. Seventy-two abstinent treatment-seeking cocaine patients and 52 healthy controls were administered the MSCEIT as well as measures of IQ, perceived stre... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4478893 Tue, 15 Feb 2011 20:45:46 +0100 4478893 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4478892&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21314759%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Herrera MJ, McChargue DE The present study tested the influence of rumination and impulsivity on experimentally induced negative mood among a sample of smokers with a lifetime history of major depression (MDD Hx+). Participants (N = 40) were categorized into four vulnerability groups: nonvulnerable (low rumination, low impulsivity), ruminative (elevated rumination, low impulsivity), impulsive (low rumination, elevated impulsivity), and vulnerable (elevated rumination, elevated impulsivity). Participants were counterbalanced to four experimental conditions, using a combination of a mood induction (negative mood induction vs. control) and smoking cue (in vivo cigarette vs. control cue). Although all participants reported greater anger responses when exposed to the negative mood ... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4478892 Tue, 15 Feb 2011 20:45:40 +0100 4478892 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4478891&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21314760%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Barnes GM, Welte JW, Hoffman JH, Tidwell MC The co-occurrence of gambling with substance use and conduct disorder was examined in a representative U.S. household sample of 2,274 youth 14-21 years old. The findings show that problem gambling occurs within a problem-behavior syndrome with other substance-use behaviors and conduct disorder. Male gender, being black, and being Hispanic were found to be significant in predicting problem gambling over and above the effects of all four substance use and conduct disorder variables. Clinical interventions for one specific problem behavior in youth should consider assessing the other problem behaviors as well. (Am J Addict 2011;20: 1-8). PMID: 21314760 [PubMed - in process] (Source: American Journal on Addictions) American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4478891 Tue, 15 Feb 2011 20:45:36 +0100 4478891 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4478890&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21314761%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Basu D, Gaur N, Das PP, Mattoo SK PMID: 21314761 [PubMed - in process] (Source: American Journal on Addictions) American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4478890 Tue, 15 Feb 2011 20:45:31 +0100 4478890 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4478889&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21314762%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Brasfield H, Shorey R, Febres J, Strong D, Stuart GL PMID: 21314762 [PubMed - in process] (Source: American Journal on Addictions) American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4478889 Tue, 15 Feb 2011 20:45:27 +0100 4478889 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4478888&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21314763%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Reccoppa L PMID: 21314763 [PubMed - in process] (Source: American Journal on Addictions) American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4478888 Tue, 15 Feb 2011 20:45:23 +0100 4478888 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4478887&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21314764%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Meini M, Moncini M, Cecconi D, Cellesi V, Biasci L, Simoni G, Ameglio M, Pellegrini M, Forgione RN, Rucci P PMID: 21314764 [PubMed - in process] (Source: American Journal on Addictions) American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4478887 Tue, 15 Feb 2011 20:45:19 +0100 4478887 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4478886&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21314765%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Sarkhel S, Praharaj SK, Sinha VK PMID: 21314765 [PubMed - in process] (Source: American Journal on Addictions) American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4478886 Tue, 15 Feb 2011 20:45:14 +0100 4478886 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4478885&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21314766%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Vayalapalli S, Fareed A, Casarella J, Drexler K PMID: 21314766 [PubMed - in process] (Source: American Journal on Addictions) American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4478885 Tue, 15 Feb 2011 20:45:09 +0100 4478885 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4349841&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21175914%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Love SJ, Sheffer CE, Bursac Z, Prewitt TE, Krukowski RA, West DS Weight concern is a common and significant barrier to abstinence for many smokers. This quasi-experimental pilot study used multivariate logistic regression to examine the effects of offering a weight management treatment program on tobacco dependence treatment outcomes. Age, gender, ethnicity, educational level, nicotine dependence level, body mass index, and concern about weight gain were entered as factors/covariates to account for differences between groups. Offering a weight management program increased attendance at the first scheduled contact (88.1% vs. 71.6%; OR = 2.93; p = .029) and increased 6-month abstinence (21.4% vs. 10.1%; OR = 2.42; p = .052). With factors and covariates included in the multivaria... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4349841 Sat, 01 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4349841 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4349840&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21175915%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Brennan BP, Kanayama G, Hudson JI, Pope HG In a study of performance-enhancing substance use among 231 experienced young male weightlifters, we found that 27 (12%) reported illicit use of human growth hormone (HGH) or its bioactive derivative, insulin-like growth factor-1. All of these 27 men also reported use of anabolic-androgenic steroids (AAS) and 22 (81%) met criteria for current or past AAS dependence. Fifteen (56%) also reported current or past dependence on opioids, cocaine, and/or ecstasy. These findings suggest that among young male weightlifters, illicit HGH use has become a common form of substance abuse, frequently associated with both AAS dependence and classical substance dependence.  PMID: 21175915 [PubMed - in process] (Source: American Journal on Addict... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4349840 Sat, 01 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4349840 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4349839&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21175916%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Pedrelli P, Bitran S, Shyu I, Baer L, Guidi J, Tucker DD, Vitali M, Fava M, Zisook S, Farabaugh AH The association between heavy alcohol consumption and risky behaviors has been amply investigated among college students. However, less is known with regard to types of drinking behaviors associated with high-risk activities. The present study extends this area of research by examining the relationship between compulsive drinking and hazardous behaviors in this population. Nine hundred and four college students completed measures on compulsive drinking and other risky behaviors in the context of mental health screenings at three campuses. Results showed that in males, compulsive drinking increased the risk for compulsive street drugs use, compulsive prescription drugs use, compul... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4349839 Sat, 01 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4349839 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4349838&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21175917%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Ballenger JF, Best SR, Metzler TJ, Wasserman DA, Mohr DC, Liberman A, Delucchi K, Weiss DS, Fagan JA, Waldrop AE, Marmar CR In a large sample of urban police officers, 18.1% of males and 15.9% of females reported experiencing adverse consequences from alcohol use and 7.8% of the sample met criteria for lifetime alcohol abuse or dependence. Female officers had patterns of alcohol use similar to male officers and substantially more than females in the general population. Critical incident exposure and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms were not associated with level of alcohol use. Greater psychiatric symptoms were related to adverse consequences from alcohol use. There was a noteworthy gender by work stress interaction: greater routine work stress related to lower cu... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4349838 Sat, 01 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4349838 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4349837&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21175918%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Stein LA, Lebeau R, Clair M, Martin R, Bryant M, Storti S, Monti P GHB (gamma hydroxybutyrate) was developed as a general anesthetic. Due to dosing difficulty and side effects, regular use was discontinued. Medical uses include treating sleep and alcohol disorders. In the 1990s, it was promoted as a supplement and taken to improve mood and sex. GHB and its analogs (gamma butyrolactone and butanediol) were widely available until federal regulations were put into effect with mounting evidence of adverse events. This survey (N = 61) study was conducted to assess patterns, experiences, and functions of use. Much of what is understood regarding GHB treatment is based on hospital case studies for overdose and withdrawal. Not enough is known about prevention, reducing use and associa... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4349837 Sat, 01 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4349837 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4349836&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21175919%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Hall-Flavin DK, Schneekloth TD, Loukianova LL, Karpyak VM, Lesnick TG, Biernacka JM, Mrazek DA, Frye MA Despite the high prevalence rate of comorbid alcohol dependence and bipolar disorder, little is known about how many bipolar patients are actively engaged in addiction treatment or the alcohol consumption characteristics of this group. This retrospective study reviewed the medical records from patients with alcohol dependence admitted to residential treatment at our institution (n = 588). The analyses focused on alcoholism severity measures and discharge clinical diagnoses. Patients with alcoholism + bipolar disorder compromised only 5% of the total study group. The number of drinking years was lower for patients with alcoholism + bipolar disorder (23.1 ± 17.7) than for tho... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4349836 Sat, 01 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4349836 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4349835&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21175920%26dopt%3DAbstract We present outcomes from an intensive tobacco-dependence treatment program for addiction services clients at three different sites. Data from 202 participants were analyzed. For individuals who completed the program, the abstinence rate was 43%. Not having a primary substance use history and a lower carbon monoxide (CO) level at intake predicted abstinence; whereas being female, the particular site of intervention, receiving both nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) and oral medication, and having a lower CO level at baseline predicted program completion. Drug treatment clients can successfully quit smoking at rates similar to the general population when given access to intensive tobacco-dependence treatment.  PMID: 21175920 [PubMed - in process] (Source: American Journal on Addictions... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4349835 Sat, 01 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4349835 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4349834&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21175921%26dopt%3DAbstract This study assessed counselors' knowledge of the adoption of evidence-based tobacco cessation medications (TCMs)--varenicline, bupropion, and five nicotine replacement therapies (NRTs)--and predictors of adoption in diverse substance abuse treatment settings. We used Managing Effective Relationships in Treatment Services (MERITS I) data from 658 counselors working in 26 programs. Adoption of varenicline was reported by 16% of counselors, bupropion by 11%, and NRTs by 27%. Knowledge of the adoption of all types of TCMs was more likely to be reported by counselors who worked in treatment programs that adhered less to a 12-step orientation and restricted outdoor smoking for employees. Several additional unique predictors of varenicline and NRTs were identified.  PMID: 21175921 [PubMed -... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4349834 Sat, 01 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4349834 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4349833&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21175922%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Simpson TL, Galloway C, Rosenthal CF, Bush KR, McBride B, Kivlahan DR Most studies comparing frequent self-monitoring protocols and retrospective assessments of alcohol use find good correspondence, but have excluded participants with significant comorbidity and/or social instability, and some have included abstainers. We evaluated the correspondence between measures of alcohol use based on daily interactive voice response (IVR) telephone monitoring and a 28-day modification of the Form-90 (Form-28). Participants were 25 outpatients with alcohol use disorder and significant PTSD symptomatology . Overall correlations between the IVR and Form-28 on days drinking and total standard drink units (SDUs) were strong for the entire sample and the subsample of drinkers (n = 7). Day-to-... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4349833 Sat, 01 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4349833 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4349832&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21175923%26dopt%3DAbstract We examined differences in the associations of gambling problem severity and psychiatric disorders among a nationally representative sample of 32,316 black and white adults. Black respondents were more likely than white ones to exhibit problem or pathological gambling (PPG) and a stronger relationship between subsyndromal gambling and any mood disorder, hypomania, and any substance use disorder. Differences in the patterns of co-occurring disorders between syndromal and particularly subsyndromal levels of gambling in black and white respondents indicate the importance of considering race-related factors in mental health prevention and treatment strategies.  PMID: 21175923 [PubMed - in process] (Source: American Journal on Addictions) American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4349832 Sat, 01 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4349832 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4349831&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21175924%26dopt%3DAbstract This study investigated cognitive and social performance of 30 subjects (CCDI × controls); CCDI were abstinent for 2 weeks. We used the Social Adjustment Scale (SAS), Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST), and Iowa Gambling Task (IGT). Disadvantageous choices on the IGT were associated with higher levels of social dysfunction in CCDI, suggesting the ecological validity of the IGT. Social dysfunction and decision making may be linked to the same underlying prefrontal dysfunction, but the nature of this association should be further investigated.  PMID: 21175924 [PubMed - in process] (Source: American Journal on Addictions) American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4349831 Sat, 01 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4349831 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4090538&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20958840%26dopt%3DAbstract This study examined differences in substance use among pregnant women from rural and urban areas. Participants were 114 pregnant women entering a hospital-based inpatient detoxification unit primarily for Opiate Dependence who voluntarily agreed to a face-to-face interview. Substance use measures were based on the Addiction Severity Index gathering information about lifetime, past 12 months, and 30 days prior to admission. Rural pregnant women had higher rates of illicit opiate use, illicit sedative/benzodiazepine use, and injection drug use (IDU) in the 30 days prior to admission. Additionally, a greater proportion of rural pregnant women reported the use of multiple illegal/illicit substances in the 30 days prior to entering detoxification. More specifically, pregnant women from rural ar... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4090538 Sun, 24 Oct 2010 04:30:34 +0100 4090538 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4090537&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20958841%26dopt%3DAbstract We examined whether children and adolescents with bipolar disorder (BPD) "self-medicate" with cigarettes, alcohol, or other substances of abuse. One hundred and five adolescents with BPD and 98 controls were comprehensively assessed with a structured psychiatric diagnostic interview for psychopathology and the Drug Use Screening Inventory (DUSI) for self-medication. Thirteen control (mean ± standard deviation [SD]= 15.31 ± 1.18 years) and 27 BPD (15.30 ± 2.09 years) subjects endorsed use of one of the listed drugs in the DUSI Section A within the past year and were included in all analyses. BPD adolescents were more likely than nonmood disordered, substance-using controls to report starting to use their preferred drug for mood-altering effects. There were no differences between groups i... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4090537 Sun, 24 Oct 2010 04:30:21 +0100 4090537 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4090536&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20958842%26dopt%3DAbstract This study evaluated the effects of atomoxetine on the symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and marijuana use in marijuana-dependent adults. In conjunction with motivational interviewing, participants received either atomoxetine (n = 19) or matching placebo (n = 19) for 12 weeks. Participants randomized to atomoxetine had greater improvement in ADHD on the Clinical Global Impression-Improvement scale than participants treated with placebo. No treatment group differences in self-rated ADHD symptoms, overall Wender-Reimherr Adult Attention Deficit Disorder Scale scores, or marijuana use outcomes were noted. These results suggest that atomoxetine may improve some ADHD symptoms but does not reduce marijuana use in this population. (Am J Addict 2010;00:1-9). PMID: 2... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4090536 Sun, 24 Oct 2010 04:30:00 +0100 4090536 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4090535&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20958843%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Johnson SD, Cottler LB, O'Leary CC, Abdallah AB The association of trauma and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) with alcohol and cocaine use is explored to determine if there is additive risk associated with dual dependence. Data were collected from out-of-treatment women enrolled in an HIV-prevention study. Women who experienced a DSM-IV qualifying event (n = 791) were stratified into four substance use groups based on lifetime alcohol and cocaine use. Women with lifetime comorbid alcohol and cocaine dependence experienced significantly more traumatic events and had a higher prevalence of violent events and lifetime diagnosis of PTSD and PTSD-related impairment. There is added risk for associated trauma and subsequent PTSD among women who have dual substance dependence. ... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4090535 Sun, 24 Oct 2010 04:29:41 +0100 4090535 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4090531&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20958847%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Kalapatapu RK, Sullivan MA The number of older adults needing substance abuse treatment is projected to rise significantly in the next few decades. This paper will focus on the epidemic of prescription use disorders in older adults. Particular vulnerabilities of older adults to addiction will be considered. Specifically, the prevalence and patterns of use of opioids, stimulants, and benzodiazepines will be explored, including the effects of these substances on morbidity and mortality. Treatment intervention strategies will be briefly discussed, and areas for future research are suggested. (Am J Addict 2010;00:1-8). PMID: 20958847 [PubMed - in process] (Source: American Journal on Addictions) American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4090531 Sun, 24 Oct 2010 04:27:57 +0100 4090531 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4090527&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20958849%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, 80 physicians (85.1% male) who were referred to a state PHP for substance use-related problems completed an anonymous online survey regarding their experiences in the program. Results indicated that 78.1% of program completers had a 5-year contract, with 100% including random drug screening. In addition, 84.8% continued participation in 12-step fellowships after the required monitoring period. Participants were generally satisfied with the program, and 92.5% indicated that they would recommend it to others. They provided suggestions to increase the acceptability and efficacy of PHPs for physicians. (Am J Addict 2010;00:1-5). PMID: 20958849 [PubMed - in process] (Source: American Journal on Addictions) American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4090527 Sun, 24 Oct 2010 04:26:49 +0100 4090527 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4090525&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20958850%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Brook JS, Balka EB, Crossman AM, Dermatis H, Galanter M, Brook DW We tested the hypothesis that there is a mediational pathway from parental alcohol use during the participants' adolescence to the participants' psychological symptoms in young adulthood. This pathway includes the participants' alcohol use and their psychological symptoms, both during adolescence. The participants are inner city African American and Puerto Rican early adolescents followed until young adulthood. They reported their own and their parents' behavior. Structural equation modeling showed that parental alcohol use was related to early adolescent alcohol use, which was associated with late adolescent alcohol use. Late adolescent alcohol use was related to psychological symptoms in late adolescence, whic... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4090525 Sun, 24 Oct 2010 04:26:14 +0100 4090525 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4090523&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20958851%26dopt%3DAbstract We examined subscales of the Ways of Coping Questionnaire and found that while changes in coping did not differ significantly across treatment groups, the association between changes in coping and substance abuse outcome was related to treatment condition. Increases in problem-focused coping were associated with decreased drinking days in WRG, but paradoxically with increased drinking days in GDC. For both groups, increases in wishful thinking were associated with increases in substance use, and increases in social support coping associated with decreases in use, but these associations were greater in GDC. Our results highlight the importance of examining the impact of treatment modality on coping, as well as contextual factors that may help to explain the specific pattern of results. (A... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4090523 Sun, 24 Oct 2010 04:25:30 +0100 4090523 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4090521&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20958852%26dopt%3DAbstract This study compares severity of gambling and psychosocial problems and gambling treatment outcomes in treatment-seeking pathological gamblers (n = 231) based on their self-reported mental health treatment utilization. As expected, participants currently receiving mental health treatment demonstrated the most psychiatric problems, and those with no mental health treatment the least. Although preferred gambling activity differed according to mental health treatment status, severity of gambling problems, and gambling treatment outcomes did not. Individual cognitive-behavioral therapy was efficacious in reducing gambling problems irrespective of mental health treatment utilization. (Am J Addict 2010;00:1-7). PMID: 20958852 [PubMed - in process] (Source: American Journal on Addictions) American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4090521 Sun, 24 Oct 2010 04:24:48 +0100 4090521 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4090512&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20958853%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Maremmani I, Gerra G Maintenance therapy with methadone or buprenorphine-based regimens reduces opioid dependence and associated harms. The perception that methadone is more effective than buprenorphine for maintenance treatment has been based on low buprenorphine doses and excessively slow induction regimens used in early buprenorphine trials. Subsequent studies show that the efficacy of buprenorphine sublingual tablet (Subutex®) or buprenorphine/naloxone sublingual tablet (Suboxone®) is equivalent to that of methadone when sufficient buprenorphine doses, rapid induction, and flexible dosing are used. Although methadone remains an essential maintenance therapy option, buprenorphine-based regimens increase access to care and provide safer, more appropriate treatment than met... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4090512 Sun, 24 Oct 2010 04:24:16 +0100 4090512 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4090508&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20958854%26dopt%3DAbstract We present results of a secondary analysis of an Internet-based epidemiological survey to explore the relationship between stimulant formulation and motivation for NMU of ADHD stimulant medications in a college-aged population. Demographic predictors of motivation to engage in NMU were also explored to investigate the potential correlates of recreational versus performance-enhancement motivations. Respondents scoring higher on the Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale were significantly more likely to engage in NMU of ADHD stimulant medications. Those using extended release (ER) stimulant formulations were less likely to endorse "staying awake" as a reason for NMU compared to those using immediate release (IR) stimulant formulations. (Am J Addict 2010;00:1-9). PMID: 20958854 [PubMed - in proc... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4090508 Sun, 24 Oct 2010 04:05:41 +0100 4090508 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3885939&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20716300%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Glasner-Edwards S, Mooney LJ, Marinelli-Casey P, Hillhouse M, Ang A, Rawson R, Although anxiety is one of the most prominent psychiatric complaints of methamphetamine (MA) users, little is known about the association between anxiety disorders and treatment outcomes in this population. Using data from 526 adults in the largest psychosocial clinical trial of MA users conducted to date, this study examined psychiatric, substance use, and functional outcomes of MA users with concomitant anxiety disorders 3 years after treatment. Anxiety disorders were associated with poorer alcohol and drug use outcomes, increased health service utilization, and higher levels of psychiatric symptomatology, including suicidality. Addressing anxiety symptoms and syndromes in MA users may be helpful... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3885939 Fri, 20 Aug 2010 17:00:46 +0100 3885939 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3885938&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20716301%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Bauer L, Dick D, Bierut L, Bucholz K, Edenberg H, Kuperman S, Kramer J, Nurnberger J, O'Connor S, Rice J, Rohrbaugh J, Schuckit M, Tischfield J, Porjesz B, Hesselbrock V Obesity, smoking, and conduct problems have all been associated with decrements in brain function. However, their additive and interactive effects have rarely been examined. To address the deficiency, we studied P300a and P300b electroencephalographic potentials in 218 women grouped by the presence versus absence of: (1) a BMI >/= 30 kg/m(2); (2) recent smoking; and (3) >/= 2 childhood conduct problems. Analyses revealed smaller P300a and P300b amplitudes over the posterior scalp among recent smokers versus nonsmokers. No corresponding group differences were found in P300 latencies or frontal scalp ampli... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3885938 Fri, 20 Aug 2010 17:00:43 +0100 3885938 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3885937&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20716302%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Poling J, Rounsaville B, Gonsai K, Severino K, Sofuoglu M In this double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, we compared varenicline (2 mg) to placebo for treatment for cocaine and tobacco dependence in 31 methadone-maintained subjects. Subjects received weekly counseling during the 12-week study participation. Our results indicate that varenicline is safe to give to this subject population, as there were no adverse events related to medication during this study. Varenicline was no more effective than placebo for abstinence from cocaine. Treatment with varenicline was associated with a reduced number of cigarettes smoked per day, even though subjects received only a brief education for smoking cessation. The self-report reduction in smoking was corroborated by CO levels and the F... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3885937 Fri, 20 Aug 2010 17:00:40 +0100 3885937 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3885936&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20716303%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Ilgen MA, Perron B, Czyz EK, McCammon RJ, Trafton J Using data from the National Comorbidity Survey-Replication, this study examined the timing of onset of self-report comorbid chronic nonarthritis pain and substance use disorders (SUDs) and characteristics associated with different onset patterns. Most individuals (58.2%; N = 351/632) report that the SUD preceded the onset of pain. Relative to those with SUDs prior to the onset of chronic pain, those experiencing pain first were less likely to have a drug use disorder, more likely to have head pain, to be younger at the onset of the first condition, and to have a shorter duration between condition onsets. (Am J Addict 2010;00:1-7). PMID: 20716303 [PubMed - in process] (Source: American Journal on Addictions) American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3885936 Fri, 20 Aug 2010 17:00:37 +0100 3885936 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3885935&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20716304%26dopt%3DAbstract This study examines the relationship of psychiatric symptoms to severity of drug use and drug-related problems among participants in a clinical trial of pharmacologic treatment of opioid dependence during pregnancy (N = 174). A total of 64.6% reported additional psychiatric symptoms (48.6% mood symptoms, 40.0% anxiety symptoms, and 12.6% suicidal thinking). Women who endorsed co-occurring psychiatric symptoms showed more severe impairment on the Addiction Severity Index. Further investigation is warranted to understand the effect of psychiatric symptoms on long-term maternal and neonatal outcomes. (Am J Addict 2010;00:1-6). PMID: 20716304 [PubMed - in process] (Source: American Journal on Addictions) American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3885935 Fri, 20 Aug 2010 17:00:34 +0100 3885935 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3885934&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20716305%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Coviello DM, Cornish JW, Lynch KG, Alterman AI, O'Brien CP Offenders with a history of opioid dependence are a particularly difficult group to treat. A large proportion of offenders typically relapse shortly after release from prison, commit drug-related crimes, and then are arrested and eventually re-incarcerated. Previous research demonstrated that oral naltrexone was effective in reducing opioid use and preventing recidivism among offenders under federal supervision. The 111 opioid-dependent offenders in this study were under various levels of supervision that included county and federal probation/parole, a treatment court, an alternative disposition program, and an intermediate punishment program. Subjects were randomly assigned to receive 6 months of either 300 mg per wee... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3885934 Fri, 20 Aug 2010 17:00:30 +0100 3885934 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3885933&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20716306%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Ko NY, Yen CF, Chen CH, Lee HC, Ko WC, Lin HH, Hsu ST Our study set out to assess readiness to change blood-borne virus transmission behaviors using the Transtheoretical Model among inmates in a court-ordered detention center. A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in southern Taiwan. All men convicted of illicit drug use and sentenced to undergo the 6-month detoxification program were invited to participate. Half of the 172 participating inmates described themselves as being in the contemplation stage of change. The length of residency in the detoxification program was not associated with self-reported readiness to change, chi(2)= 6.53, p = .16. Inmates in the precontemplation stage had increased rates for high-risk behaviors than those in the contemplation and act... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3885933 Fri, 20 Aug 2010 17:00:27 +0100 3885933 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3885932&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20716307%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Gao K, Chan PK, Verduin ML, Kemp DE, Tolliver BK, Ganocy SJ, Bilali S, Brady KT, Findling RL, Calabrese JR We set out to study independent predictor(s) for lifetime and recent substance use disorders (SUDs) in patients with rapid-cycling bipolar disorder (RCBD). Extensive Clinical Interview and Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview were used to ascertain DSM-IV Axis I diagnoses of RCBD, anxiety disorders, and SUDs. Data from patients enrolling into four similar clinical trials were used. Where appropriate, univariate analyses with t-test or chi-square were applied. Stepwise logistic regression was used to examine the relationship among predictor variables and lifetime and recent SUDs. Univariate analysis showed that patients with co-occurring anxiety disorders (n = 261... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3885932 Fri, 20 Aug 2010 17:00:24 +0100 3885932 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3885931&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20716308%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Chakravorty S, Kuna ST, Zaharakis N, O'Brien CP, Kampman KM, Oslin D The goal of this cross-sectional study was to assess the relationship of alcohol craving with biopsychosocial and addiction factors that are clinically pertinent to alcoholism treatment. Alcohol craving was assessed in 315 treatment-seeking, alcohol dependent subjects using the Penn Alcohol Craving Scale questionnaire. Standard validated questionnaires were used to evaluate a variety of biological, addiction, psychological, psychiatric, and social factors. Individual covariates of craving included age, race, problematic consequences of drinking, heavy drinking, motivation for change, mood disturbance, sleep problems, and social supports. In a multivariate analysis (R(2)= .34), alcohol craving was positively a... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3885931 Fri, 20 Aug 2010 17:00:20 +0100 3885931 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3885930&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20716309%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Vorspan F, Ksouda K, Bloch V, Laplanche JL, Peoc'h K, Hajj A, Scherrmann JM, Mouly S, Lépine JP PMID: 20716309 [PubMed - in process] (Source: American Journal on Addictions) American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3885930 Fri, 20 Aug 2010 17:00:18 +0100 3885930 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3885929&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20716310%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Jaffe SL, Klein M PMID: 20716310 [PubMed - in process] (Source: American Journal on Addictions) American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3885929 Fri, 20 Aug 2010 17:00:15 +0100 3885929 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3885928&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20716311%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Nordt SP, Scaduto L, Clark RF, Cantrell FL PMID: 20716311 [PubMed - in process] (Source: American Journal on Addictions) American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3885928 Fri, 20 Aug 2010 17:00:12 +0100 3885928 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3885927&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20716312%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Westreich LM PMID: 20716312 [PubMed - in process] (Source: American Journal on Addictions) American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3885927 Fri, 20 Aug 2010 17:00:09 +0100 3885927 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3885926&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20716313%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Hays LR PMID: 20716313 [PubMed - in process] (Source: American Journal on Addictions) American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3885926 Fri, 20 Aug 2010 17:00:06 +0100 3885926 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3795673&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20653636%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Moss TG, Weinberger AH, Vessicchio JC, Mancuso V, Cushing SJ, Pett M, Kitchen K, Selby P, George TP Tobacco dependence is the leading cause of death in persons with psychiatric and substance use disorders. This has lead to interest in the development of pharmacological and behavioral treatments for tobacco dependence in this subset of smokers. However, there has been little attention paid to the development of tobacco-free environments in psychiatric institutions despite the creation of smoke-free psychiatric hospitals mandated by the Joint Commission for Accreditation of Health Organizations (JCAHO) in 1992. This review article addresses the reasons why tobacco should be excluded from psychiatric and addictions treatment settings, and strategies that can be employed to initia... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3795673 Wed, 30 Jun 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3795673 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3795672&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20653637%26dopt%3DAbstract This study was conducted with the purpose of analyzing gender differences in the German trial on heroin-assisted treatment (HAT), which compared HAT with methadone maintenance treatment (MMT). Significant baseline gender differences were found, with females showing a greater extent of mental distress. Differences in retention and outcome were significant for male patients, but no differences between treatment options were found for female patients. Ongoing prostitution was found to influence drug use outcomes. Other outcome criteria may need to be stressed when assessing the effect of HAT for women. (Am J Addict 2010;00:1-7). PMID: 20653637 [PubMed - in process] (Source: American Journal on Addictions) American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3795672 Wed, 30 Jun 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3795672 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3795671&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20653638%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Resor MR, Cooper TV Club drug use and correlates were examined among 251 Hispanic college students on the Texas-México border. Participants completed questionnaires on substance use, club drug attitudes and beliefs, sexual risk-taking behaviors, depressive symptoms, and acculturation. One-quarter of participants reported club drug use. Regression analyses demonstrated that frequency and history of lifetime use were consistently associated with more permissive drug attitudes and other substance use but not sexual risk-taking, depression symptoms, or acculturation. Acculturation was negatively associated with frequency of club drug use, yet positively associated with use of other illicit substances. Avenues for future studies are suggested. (Am J Addict 2010;00:1-6). PMID... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3795671 Wed, 30 Jun 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3795671 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3795670&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20653639%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Gray KM, Baker NL, Carpenter MJ, Lewis AL, Upadhyaya HP Individuals with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are more likely than those without ADHD to initiate smoking and develop nicotine dependence. Recent research indicates that adults with ADHD experience more severe nicotine withdrawal symptoms than those without ADHD. However, little is known about nicotine withdrawal in adolescent smokers with history of ADHD. Among a sample of 134 nicotine-dependent adolescents entering a smoking cessation research study, participants completed the Minnesota Nicotine Withdrawal Scale (MNWS) and lifetime diagnostic assessment for ADHD during the baseline visit. Responses on individual items and MNWS total score were compared between participants with and without history of ... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3795670 Wed, 30 Jun 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3795670 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3795669&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20653640%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Elman I, Tschibelu E, Borsook D We sought to explore a potential link between psychosocial stress exposure and pathological gambling (PG). Patients with PG displayed significantly higher scores on the daily stress inventory (DSI) than did healthy subjects. PG patients also displayed other heightened measures of stress, including the profile of mood states, the Spielberger state-trait anxiety inventory, the Hamilton rating scale for depression and the Beck depression inventory. Multiple regression analysis revealed that only the DSI impact score was an independent predictor of gambling urges. These findings support the role of psychosocial stress in the course of PG and suggest that the former association with the urge to gamble is relatively specific to stressful events assess... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3795669 Wed, 30 Jun 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3795669 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3795668&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20653641%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Kalechstein AD, De La Garza Ii R, Newton TF Modafinil improves working memory in healthy subjects and individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia and Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, though the effects of modafinil have not been evaluated on working memory in methamphetamine-dependent subjects. This double-blind, placebo-controlled study evaluated whether a daily dose of 400 mg of modafinil, administered over three consecutive days, would enhance performance on a measure of working memory relative to test performance at baseline and following 3 days of placebo administration in 11 methamphetamine addicted, nontreatment-seeking volunteers. The results revealed that participants demonstrating relatively poor performance on the third day of a 3-day washout period (ie, at ba... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3795668 Wed, 30 Jun 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3795668 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3795667&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20653642%26dopt%3DAbstract This study examined the prevalence and characteristics of adults with an alcohol use-related problem who receive clergy services. Data come from the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions. Among persons who sought any services for alcohol-related problems (n = 1,910), 14.7% reported using clergy services. In a multivariable logistic regression model, factors associated with increased likelihood of service use included being Black, aged 35-54 years, a lifetime history of alcohol dependence, major depressive disorder, and personality disorder. Clergy may benefit from training to identify alcohol use problems and serve an important role in making treatment referrals. (Am J Addict 2010;00:1-7). PMID: 20653642 [PubMed - in process] (Source: American Journal on Addic... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3795667 Wed, 30 Jun 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3795667 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3795666&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20653643%26dopt%3DAbstract This study examines the clinical correlates of alcohol craving in men and women self-referred for addiction treatment. Admission clinical data from patients participating in the Mayo Clinic 1-month Intensive Addictions Program were evaluated. Women had higher BDI and PACS scores compared with men in both the entire cohort and Dual Diagnoses group. Alcohol-dependent females had the most marked correlation between BDI and PACS (rho= .78). Further prospective study is encouraged to evaluate whether depressive symptoms and concomitant alcohol cravings in women are a marker for relief cravings and, as such, a target symptom for treatment intervention. (Am J Addict 2010;00:1-5). PMID: 20653643 [PubMed - in process] (Source: American Journal on Addictions) American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3795666 Wed, 30 Jun 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3795666 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3795665&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20653644%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Robertson AM, Vera AY, Gallardo M, Pollini RA, Patterson TL, Case P, Nguyen L, Strathdee SA Assisted injection among injection drug users (IDUs) remains understudied. We recruited 1,056 IDUs using respondent-driven sampling in Tijuana, Mexico. Participants underwent HIV and syphilis testing and structured interviews. One-quarter (25%) sought injection assistance in the past 6 months. Seeking injection assistance was independently associated with being female (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]= 2.59; 95% confidence interval [CI]= 1.73-3.90), being born outside Baja California (AOR = 1.75; CI = 1.26-2.42), having recent abscesses (AOR = 2.59; CI = 1.93-3.47), using syringes previously used by others in the past 6 months (AOR = 1.99; CI = 1.45-2.71), and ever being arrested for carrying ... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3795665 Wed, 30 Jun 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3795665 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3795664&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20653645%26dopt%3DAbstract This study extends research conducted on the US population to determine whether the DUSI-R's substance abuse scale discriminates Brazilian youths in treatment (n = 41) from a general population sample (n = 43). A Portuguese translation of the substance abuse scale was administered in paper and pencil format at the time of intake into treatment and to randomly selected youths in school. The mean score on the 15-item substance abuse scale in the treatment group was 6.7 compared to 1.9 in the comparison group (t = 6.78; p < .001). The optimal cut-off score of two positive endorsements has 85% sensitivity and 70% specificity. This study demonstrates that the DUSI-R's substance abuse scale is valid for screening Brazilian youths who require treatment. (Am J Addict 2010;00:1-4). PMID: 206... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3795664 Wed, 30 Jun 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3795664 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3795663&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20653646%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: McNicholas LF PMID: 20653646 [PubMed - in process] (Source: American Journal on Addictions) American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3795663 Wed, 30 Jun 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3795663 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3795662&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20653647%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Albanese MJ, Albanese AM PMID: 20653647 [PubMed - in process] (Source: American Journal on Addictions) American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3795662 Wed, 30 Jun 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3795662 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3645488&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20525022%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Miller SI PMID: 20525022 [PubMed - in process] (Source: American Journal on Addictions) American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3645488 Fri, 30 Apr 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3645488 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3645487&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20525023%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Hesselbrock MN, Robins JM PMID: 20525023 [PubMed - in process] (Source: American Journal on Addictions) American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3645487 Fri, 30 Apr 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3645487 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3645486&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20525024%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Robins LN, Helzer JE, Hesselbrock M, Wish E PMID: 20525024 [PubMed - in process] (Source: American Journal on Addictions) American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3645486 Fri, 30 Apr 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3645486 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3645485&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20525025%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Jaffe JH PMID: 20525025 [PubMed - in process] (Source: American Journal on Addictions) American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3645485 Fri, 30 Apr 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3645485 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3645484&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20525026%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Wish ED PMID: 20525026 [PubMed - in process] (Source: American Journal on Addictions) American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3645484 Fri, 30 Apr 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3645484 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3645483&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20525027%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Helzer JE PMID: 20525027 [PubMed - in process] (Source: American Journal on Addictions) American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3645483 Fri, 30 Apr 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3645483 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3645482&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20525028%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Quaglio G, Pattaro C, Gerra G, Mezzelani P, Montanari L, Jarlais DC, Lugoboni F The aim of this study was to assess the attitudes of Italian physicians regarding buprenorphine and its clinical use approximately 6 years after the medication was introduced into clinical practice. The sample consisted of 305 randomly selected physicians, working in public centers of drug addiction. In Italy buprenorphine seems a valid tool in the field of drug addiction treatment, although it is far from replacing methadone even though it seems to guarantee better compliance. Interviewees follow clinical experience more than international guidelines, with pharmaceutical company representatives as the most cited source for information about the medication. The data also suggests a need for the dev... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3645482 Fri, 30 Apr 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3645482 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3645481&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20525029%26dopt%3DAbstract This study examines whether the relation between acute cannabis use and syringe sharing during single injection days is similar among regular and nonregular users, participating in a cohort study of injection drug users in Montréal, Canada. 236 (36.6%) subjects were classified as regular cannabis users (RCUs), 227 (35.2%) as nonregular cannabis users (NRCUs), and 181 (28.1%) were abstinent. Cannabis use during a single injection day was associated with a fivefold increased risk of sharing (OR 4.92; 1.83-13.22) in NRCUs compared to RCUs. Our results indicate that cannabis use history should be considered when evaluating its potential effect on risk-taking behaviors. PMID: 20525029 [PubMed - in process] (Source: American Journal on Addictions) American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3645481 Fri, 30 Apr 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3645481 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3645480&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20525030%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Brower KJ, Perron BE Insomnia during acute alcohol withdrawal (AWD) as well as persisting insomnia during postacute withdrawal is associated with relapse. Rates of insomnia in clinical samples of alcohol-dependent patients range from 36% to 91%, but the prevalence of AWD-related insomnia in the general population is unknown. The purpose of this study was to describe the prevalence of insomnia as a symptom of acute AWD and its correlates in a general population of alcohol-dependent individuals. Data were analyzed from the 2001 to 2002 National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions, which sampled 43,093 adults. The prevalence of AWD-related insomnia among individuals with a lifetime diagnosis of alcohol dependence was 31.7%, which ranked fourth among the eight l... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3645480 Fri, 30 Apr 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3645480 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3645479&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20525031%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Cohen LR, Greenfield SF, Gordon S, Killeen T, Jiang H, Zhang Y, Hien D A strong association between substance use disorders (SUDs) and eating disorders (EDs) in women has been established. Yet, little is known about the rates and impact of ED symptoms in women presenting to addiction treatment. The current investigation assessed the prevalence of ED symptoms and their effect on treatment outcomes in a sample of substance abusing women with co-occurring posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) enrolled in outpatient substance use programs. Participants were 122 women who participated in a multisite clinical trial comparing two behavioral treatments for co-occurring SUD and PTSD. The Eating Disorder Examination-self report, and measures of PTSD and SUD symptoms were administered at ... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3645479 Fri, 30 Apr 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3645479 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3645478&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20525032%26dopt%3DAbstract This study seeks to assess the transition probabilities between smoking and alcohol consumption trajectories for ages 13-17 using data from the Korea Youth Panel Survey (KYPS). Four smoking trajectories were identified-noninitiator, late-onsetter, experimenter, and escalator. Similarly, four alcohol consumption trajectories were identified-noninitiator, late-onsetter, experimenter, and chronic user. Those in the chronic group of alcohol consumption were most likely to be smokers. Those who fell into a particular group for use of one substance were most likely to fall into the corresponding group for use of the other substance. Implications for smoking and alcohol prevention are discussed. PMID: 20525032 [PubMed - in process] (Source: American Journal on Addictions) American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3645478 Fri, 30 Apr 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3645478 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3645477&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20525033%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Najavits LM, Norman SB, Kivlahan D, Kosten TR We surveyed 205 Veterans Affairs (VA) staff on treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), substance use disorder (SUD), and the combination (PTSD/SUD). The survey was anonymous and VA-wide. PTSD/SUD was perceived as more difficult to treat than either disorder alone; gratification in the work was stronger than difficulty (for PTSD, SUD, and PTSD/SUD); and difficulty and gratification appeared separate constructs. Respondents endorsed views that represent expert treatment for the comorbidity; however, there was also endorsement of "myths." Thus, there is a need for more training, policy clarifications, service integration, and adaptations for veterans returning from Iraq and Afghanistan. Limitations are described. PMID: ... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3645477 Fri, 30 Apr 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3645477 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3645476&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20525034%26dopt%3DAbstract This study was conducted to replicate previous findings on the predictive value of a German version of the Obsessive Compulsive Drinking Scale (OCDS) by investigating 24-month treatment outcome in an outpatient setting. This was a prospective, observational study with 92 alcohol-dependent patients. The OCDS was used to assess craving at the end of treatment, and at the 6-, 12-, and 24-month follow-ups. Univariate and logistic regression analyses were performed. Of the 67 patients interviewed at the 24-month follow-up, 58% were abstinent and 79% improved. OCDS scores were higher in patients with a less favorable outcome. In line with previous findings, our results showed that the intensity of craving as measured by the OCDS may predict outcome in outpatient alcoholics. PMID: 20525034 [P... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3645476 Fri, 30 Apr 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3645476