MedWorm.com provides a medical RSS filtering service. Over 6000 RSS medical sources are combined and output via different filters. This feed contains the latest items from the 'American Journal on Addictions' source. Sun, 21 Mar 2010 17:39:41 +0100 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3288093&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20163381%26dopt%3DAbstract We examined gender differences in age of onset, clinical course, and heritability of alcohol dependence in 2,524 adults participating in the University of California San Francisco (UCSF) family study of alcoholism. Men were significantly more likely than women to have initiated regular drinking during adolescence. Onset of regular drinking was not found to be heritable but was found to be significantly associated with a shorter time to onset of alcohol dependence. A high degree of similarity in the sequence of alcohol-related life events was found between men and women, however, men experienced alcohol dependence symptoms at a younger age and women had a more rapid clinical course. Women were found to have a higher heritability estimate for alcohol dependence (h(2)= .46) than men (h(2)= .3... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3288093 Fri, 19 Feb 2010 17:52:53 +0100 3288093 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3288092&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20163382%26dopt%3DAbstract This report is a secondary analysis evaluating the effect of depressive symptomatology (n = 70) or history of depression (n = 110) on smoking cessation outcomes. A significant association was seen between measures of depression and difficulty quitting cigarettes. Specifically, there was a greater probability for smoking abstinence for those with lower baseline Beck Depression Inventory II (BDI-II) scores. These data suggest that evaluation and treatment of depressive symptoms may play an important role in improving smoking cessation outcomes. (Am J Addict 2010;00:1-8). PMID: 20163382 [PubMed - in process] (Source: American Journal on Addictions) American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3288092 Fri, 19 Feb 2010 17:52:50 +0100 3288092 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3288091&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20163383%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Calsyn DA, Cousins SJ, Hatch-Maillette MA, Forcehimes A, Mandler R, Doyle SR, Woody G Sex under the influence of drugs or alcohol is associated with high-risk sexual behavior. Heterosexual men (n = 505) in substance abuse treatment completed a computer-administered interview assessing sexual risk behaviors. Most men (73.3%) endorsed sex under the influence in the prior 90 days, and 39.1% endorsed sex under the influence during their most recent sexual event. Sex under the influence at the most recent event was more likely to involve anal intercourse, sex with a casual partner, and less condom use. Patients might benefit from interventions targeting sexual behavior and substance use as mutual triggers. (Am J Addict 2010;00:1-9). PMID: 20163383 [PubMed - in process] (Source:... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3288091 Fri, 19 Feb 2010 17:52:47 +0100 3288091 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3288090&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20163384%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Prensky EH, Cohen LM, McChargue D, Gao W Despite the well-known health risks associated with smokeless tobacco use, much is unresolved with respect to effective treatment for use of this substance. The present study examined the impact of a nicotine-free smokeless tobacco substitute and confectionary chewing gum on craving, withdrawal, and anxiety among 24 smokeless tobacco users following 24 hours of nicotine abstinence and a laboratory stressor. Although chewing gum did not impact withdrawal, craving, or anxiety compared to a no-product control condition, smokeless tobacco substitute administration resulted in a reduction of withdrawal and craving levels compared to the control condition following 24 hours of abstinence. Furthermore, significantly lower levels of craving and... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3288090 Fri, 19 Feb 2010 17:52:45 +0100 3288090 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3288089&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20163385%26dopt%3DAbstract This study used a naturalistic technique, ecological momentary assessment (EMA), to explore differences in craving, mood, expectancy, and smoking enjoyment between Black and White smokers. Participants carried personal digital assistants (PDAs) programmed to obtain multiple daily assessments. Black smokers reported higher craving after smoking and at random assessment times and higher cigarette enjoyment. No differences were found in mood or expectancy. Racial differences in psychological factors related to smoking are explored in the contexts of genetic, sociological, and psychophysiological distinctions. Implications for practice and research are discussed. (Am J Addict 2010;00:1-5). PMID: 20163385 [PubMed - in process] (Source: American Journal on Addictions) American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3288089 Fri, 19 Feb 2010 17:52:42 +0100 3288089 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3288088&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20163386%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Weiss RD, Potter JS, Copersino ML, Prather K, Jacobs P, Provost S, Chim D, Selzer J, Ling W Most treatment studies of opioid-dependent populations have focused predominantly on heroin users, despite a recent increase in those dependent upon prescription opioids. A key methodological challenge involved in studying the latter group involves defining the population. Specifically, researchers must decide whether to include (1) concurrent heroin users and (2) individuals with pain. The multi-site Prescription Opioid Addiction Treatment Study is examining treatments for this population. This paper describes various inclusion criteria considered by the study team related to heroin use and pain. The goal was to recruit a distinct but generalizable population of individuals dependent u... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3288088 Fri, 19 Feb 2010 17:52:39 +0100 3288088 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3288087&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20163387%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Mason BJ, Lehert P This secondary analysis of the first U.S. acamprosate trial (N = 601) for alcohol dependence examines the effects of subsyndromal psychiatric symptoms or history of severe psychopathology on alcoholism treatment outcomes and any mitigating effects of acamprosate. Psychiatric antecedents were documented using a protocol-specific interview. Current psychiatric symptoms were assessed using Hamilton Anxiety and Depression (HAM-A, HAM-D) rating scales. Predictors of good response, defined as abstinence for >/=90% of trial duration, were identified using logistic regression. Subsyndromal anxiety (as determined by HAM-A "Anxious Mood" item) and the presence of >/=1 psychiatric antecedent were significant negative predictors of good response. Lower pretreatmen... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3288087 Fri, 19 Feb 2010 17:52:37 +0100 3288087 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3288086&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20163388%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Leamon MH, Flower K, Salo RE, Nordahl TE, Kranzler HR, Galloway GP Paranoia in methamphetamine (MA) users is not well characterized or understood. To investigate this phenomenon, we created the Methamphetamine Experience Questionnaire (MEQ), and tested its reliability and validity in assessing MA-induced paranoia. We administered the MEQ to 274 MA-dependent subjects. Of the total subjects, 45% (123) first experienced paranoia with MA use; 55% did not. Obtaining or using a weapon while paranoid was common (37% and 11% of subjects with MA-induced paranoia, respectively). Test-retest and inter-rater reliability for MA-induced paranoia showed substantial agreement (kappa = .77, p < .05 and kappa = .80, p < .05, respectively). First episodes of paranoia occurred more often wi... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3288086 Fri, 19 Feb 2010 17:52:34 +0100 3288086 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3288085&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20163389%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Mancino MJ, McGaugh J, Feldman Z, Poling J, Oliveto A This randomized clinical trial retrospectively examined the effect of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and contingency management (CM) on cocaine use in opioid and cocaine dependent individuals maintained on high or low-dose LAAM randomly assigned to CM or a yoked-control condition. Cocaine-positive urines decreased more rapidly over time in those without PTSD versus those with PTSD in the noncontingency condition. In participants with PTSD, CM resulted in fewer cocaine-positive urines compared to the noncontingent condition. This suggests that CM may help improve the potentially worse outcomes in opioid- and cocaine-dependent individuals with PTSD compared to those without PTSD. (Am J Addict 2010;00:1-9). PMID: 20... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3288085 Fri, 19 Feb 2010 17:52:32 +0100 3288085 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3288084&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20163390%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Brook JS, Zhang C, Finch SJ, Brook DW African-Americans and Puerto Ricans were interviewed during adolescence, in their early twenties, and then again in their mid-twenties. Results indicated that earlier adolescent smoking, family conflict, and weak ethnic identity were significantly related to antisocial behavior, which in turn was related to associating with friends who smoked and/or used illegal drugs, and ultimately, to their own smoking. Results further indicate that early interventions in the development of tobacco use should focus on decreasing parental and adolescent smoking and parent-child conflict. If intervention occurs at a later time point, the emphasis should be on increasing ethnic identity and decreasing antisocial behavior. (Am J Addict 2010;00:1-9). PMI... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3288084 Fri, 19 Feb 2010 17:52:28 +0100 3288084 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3288083&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20163391%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Gray KM, Watson NL, Carpenter MJ, Larowe SD PMID: 20163391 [PubMed - in process] (Source: American Journal on Addictions) American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3288083 Fri, 19 Feb 2010 17:52:25 +0100 3288083 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3288082&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20163392%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Camacho A, Ng B, Frye MA PMID: 20163392 [PubMed - in process] (Source: American Journal on Addictions) American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3288082 Fri, 19 Feb 2010 17:52:22 +0100 3288082 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3288081&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20163393%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Colace C PMID: 20163393 [PubMed - in process] (Source: American Journal on Addictions) American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3288081 Fri, 19 Feb 2010 17:52:19 +0100 3288081 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3288080&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20163394%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Basu D, Das PP, Neogi R PMID: 20163394 [PubMed - in process] (Source: American Journal on Addictions) American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3288080 Fri, 19 Feb 2010 17:52:16 +0100 3288080 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3288079&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20163395%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Lofwall MR, Wunsch MJ, Walsh SL PMID: 20163395 [PubMed - in process] (Source: American Journal on Addictions) American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3288079 Fri, 19 Feb 2010 17:52:13 +0100 3288079 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3288078&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20163396%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: PMID: 20163396 [PubMed - in process] (Source: American Journal on Addictions) American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3288078 Fri, 19 Feb 2010 17:52:11 +0100 3288078 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3288077&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20163397%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Jaffe SL PMID: 20163397 [PubMed - in process] (Source: American Journal on Addictions) American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3288077 Fri, 19 Feb 2010 17:52:08 +0100 3288077 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3288076&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20163398%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Hays LR PMID: 20163398 [PubMed - in process] (Source: American Journal on Addictions) American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3288076 Fri, 19 Feb 2010 17:52:05 +0100 3288076 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2262151&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19283560%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Stuyt EB, Gundersen DC, Shore JH, Brooks E, Gendel MH The use of tobacco by physicians with substance abuse histories is drastically understudied. A chart review of 1319 physicians enrolled in a physician health program found tobacco use highest for those referred for substance abuse problems (58.1%). Among a subset of currently monitored substance abusers, all those who relapsed during monitoring were using tobacco and had more difficulty maintaining sobriety following initial treatment (p = 0.0137) than non tobacco users. Because tobacco was a risk factor for relapse, reasons why physician health programs should address its use and treatment facilities should establish tobacco-free environments to provide optimum learning and recovery are explored. PMID: 19283560 [PubMed... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2262151 Sun, 01 Mar 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2262151 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2262148&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19283561%26dopt%3DAbstract We describe the results of a seven-day follow-up evaluation of 96 subjects who completed inpatient detoxification consisting of the addition of VLNTX (0.125 or 0.250 mg per day) or placebo to methadone taper in a double blind, randomized investigation. Individuals receiving VLNTX during detoxification reported reduced withdrawal and drug use during the first 24 hours after discharge. VLNTX addition was also associated with higher rates of negative drug tests for opioids and cannabis and increased engagement in outpatient treatment after one week. Further studies are needed to test the utility of this approach in easing the transition from detoxification to various follow-up treatment modalities designed to address opioid dependence. PMID: 19283561 [PubMed - in process] (Source: America... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2262148 Sun, 01 Mar 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2262148 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2262142&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19283562%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Barry DT, Beitel M, Joshi D, Schottenfeld RS We surveyed 293 opioid dependent individuals seeking methadone maintenance treatment about their pain experiences and their substance-related pain reduction behaviors. Among the 213 respondents reporting recent pain of at least moderate typical pain intensity, two-thirds had a lifetime history of chronic pain. In comparison to those without a lifetime history of chronic pain, those with a lifetime history were older, reported higher pain frequency, were more likely to endorse accident or surgery and less likely to endorse "don't know" as the genesis of their recent pain, and endorsed comparable levels of substance-related pain reduction behaviors. These findings may have implications for resource and program planning in MMT programs... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2262142 Sun, 01 Mar 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2262142 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2262140&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19283563%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Businelle MS, Rash CJ, Burke RS, Parker JD The present study examined the comparative effects of adding contingency management (CM) schedules to an existing substance abuse continuing care program, with the goal of increasing attendance. We retrospectively examined the attendance of 135 veterans enrolled in one of three CM programs and a quasi-control condition of 55 veterans. Results indicated that participants enrolled in the two higher magnitude CM voucher programs increased both continuing care attendance and length of participation. Findings support the use of CM to increase continuing care attendance among veterans with substance use disorders, and suggest that voucher magnitude and bonuses both had a positive impact. PMID: 19283563 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Ame... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2262140 Sun, 01 Mar 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2262140 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2262128&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19283564%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Hesse M, Tutenges S Little is known about predictors of hangover symptoms. The subjective experience of the "night out" may influence the experience of hangover symptoms. We conducted a survey of 325 young men and women at a vacation resort during the daytime, administering subjects the Acute Hangover Scale (AHS) and asking questions about drinking and behaviors the night before. Half of the subjects reported feeling hangover symptoms on a single item relating to hangovers in general, but 73% scored above 1 on the full AHS. Several variables correlated with AHS, but in multivariate analyses, only variables associated with drunkenness the night before (having been more drunk than intended and still feeling intoxicated) and number of days spent in the resort were associated with... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2262128 Sun, 01 Mar 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2262128 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2262125&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19283565%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, charts of all discharged patients over a 22-month span (n = 86) were reviewed for outcomes for two years after discharge. The most frequent reason for discharge from the program was recurrent positive urine drug screens for illicit substances (n = 40; 47%). Only 15 (17%) were seen for addiction treatment in the two-year follow-up period. Forty-one percent of patients (n = 35) were prescribed opioids within two years of discharge. There was a positive correlation between length of time in the ORC and receipt of opioids post discharge. These outcomes reveal areas of need in the management of this complex population. PMID: 19283565 [PubMed - in process] (Source: American Journal on Addictions) American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2262125 Sun, 01 Mar 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2262125 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2262122&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19283566%26dopt%3DAbstract This study examined the interaction of gender and lifetime psychiatric status on the experience of nicotine withdrawal using retrospective data from the National Comorbidity Survey (NCS; N = 816). Multiple regression analyses were performed to examine the main and interactive effects of gender and major depression, alcohol abuse/dependence, panic disorder, and PTSD on indices of withdrawal. Major depression and alcohol abuse/dependence were associated with longer duration of withdrawal symptoms in women. Women also showed stronger associations between major depression and recurrent withdrawal symptoms and PTSD and smoking relapse to alleviate withdrawal. Men showed a stronger association between alcohol abuse/dependence and smoking relapse to alleviate withdrawal. When developing and provi... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2262122 Sun, 01 Mar 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2262122 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2262120&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19283567%26dopt%3DAbstract This study describes psychiatric symptoms in 111 opioid-dependent pregnant women and their prescribed psychotropic medications. Hypomania, generalized anxiety disorder and depression were the most common disorders for which psychiatric symptoms were endorsed. Over half of women studied were prescribed some form of psychoactive medication during pregnancy. Pharmacologic vs. non-pharmacologic treatment approaches in this patient population are discussed. PMID: 19283567 [PubMed - in process] (Source: American Journal on Addictions) American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2262120 Sun, 01 Mar 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2262120 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2262117&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19283568%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Martinotti G, Di Nicola M, Tedeschi D, Cundari S, Janiri L Empathy is a complex form of psychological inference in which observation, memory, knowledge and reasoning are combined to yield insights into the thoughts and feelings of others. The aim of this study was to evaluate the level of empathy in a sample of alcohol-dependent patients in comparison to a control sample. One hundred and fifty alcohol-dependent subjects were consecutively recruited. All of the subjects successfully detoxified have been evaluated with the Empathy Quotient (EQ) and then compared with 107 control subjects. The level of empathy was significantly lower in the group of alcohol-dependent subjects than in the control sample (p <.001). Differences with respect to gender and psychiatric comorbidity h... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2262117 Sun, 01 Mar 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2262117 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2262114&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19283569%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Rengade CE, Kahn JP, Schwan R Between 5 and 49% of patients undergoing methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) consume alcohol. They show less willingness to comply with treatment and are less committed, their treatment times are longer, and their observance is weaker. Alcohol misuse is the main cause of their increased mortality and morbidity rates. We conducted a multivariate, prospective, open-label study in two groups of methadone patients: the first suffered from alcohol use disorder according to the criteria of the alcohol use disorder test (AUDIT), while the second was alcohol-abstinent. In the process, we completed evaluations on the Toronto alexithymia scale, together with a self-esteem inventory and a temperament and character inventory (TCI-R). Our study included 152 ... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2262114 Sun, 01 Mar 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2262114 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2262110&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19283570%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Ambrose-Lanci LM, Sterling RC, Weinstein SP, Van Bockstaele EJ Drug abuse among women is a societal health problem which has received greater attention in recent years. Studies examining sex differences in drug abuse have shown consistent differences between males and females. In the current study, we retrospectively examined 75 treatment-seeking females to determine the relationships between intake measurements of psychopathology, intake urinalysis, menstrual cycle phase at admission, and treatment compliance. Our results support a relationship among these variables and a potential relationship between menstrual cycle phase and anxiety level is discussed. These results support the need for the development of individually tailored treatment programs. PMID: 19283570 [PubMed... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2262110 Sun, 01 Mar 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2262110 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2262106&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19283571%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Kirisci L, Tarter R, Reynolds M Accuracy of the Violence Proneness Scale (VPS) of the Drug Use Screening Inventory (DUSI-R) was evaluated in 328 boys for predicting use of illegal drugs, DUI, selling drugs, sexually transmitted disease, car accident while under acute effects of drugs/alcohol, trading drugs for sex, injuries from a fight, and traumatic head injury. Boys were prospectively tracked from age 16 to 19 at which time these outcomes were documented in the interim period. The results demonstrated that the VPS score is a significant predictor of all outcomes. Prediction accuracy ranged between 62%-83%. These findings suggest that the VPS may be useful for identifying youths who are at high risk for using illicit drugs and commonly associated adverse outcomes. PMID: ... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2262106 Sun, 01 Mar 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2262106 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2262104&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19283572%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Gray KM, Watson NL, Christie DK PMID: 19283572 [PubMed - in process] (Source: American Journal on Addictions) American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2262104 Sun, 01 Mar 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2262104 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2262102&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19283573%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Fareed A, Casarella J, Amar R, Drexler K PMID: 19283573 [PubMed - in process] (Source: American Journal on Addictions) American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2262102 Sun, 01 Mar 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2262102 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2262100&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19283574%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Gandhi D, Welsh C, Bennett M, Carreño J, Himelhoch S PMID: 19283574 [PubMed - in process] (Source: American Journal on Addictions) American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2262100 Sun, 01 Mar 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2262100 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2237475&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19219659%26dopt%3DAbstract%26itool%3Drss Authors: Streltzer J, Ziegler P, Johnson B, Guidelines for the use of opioids in the treatment of chronic pain have recently been proposed by the American Academy of Addiction Psychiatry. Older guidelines proposed by American pain organizations had the effect of liberalizing opioid prescription. In recent years, dramatic increases in prescribed opioids have been followed by equally dramatic rises in morbidity and mortality from prescription opioids. In addition, new research has increased knowledge of the long-term effects of opioids. These new guidelines propose increased caution in regard to opioid prescription for chronic pain. PMID: 19219659 [PubMed - in process] (Source: American Journal on Addictions) American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2237475 Thu, 01 Jan 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2237475 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2237474&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19219660%26dopt%3DAbstract%26itool%3Drss Authors: Wunsch MJ, Nakamoto K, Behonick G, Massello W In rural Virginia, drug overdose deaths increased 300% from 1997 to 2003. Polydrug deaths predominate (57.9%) in this review of 893 medical examiner cases. Prescription opioids (74.0%), antidepressants (49.0%), and benzodiazepines (39.3%) were more prevalent than illicit drugs. Two-thirds of decedents were 35-54 years old; 37% were female. When compared to western Virginia metropolitan cases, polydrug abuse was more common, specific medication combinations were found, the death rate per population was higher, and fewer illicit drugs were detected. These rural prescription overdose deaths differ from urban illicit drug deaths, suggesting the need for different strategies in prevention, treatment, and intervention by clinicians and p... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2237474 Thu, 01 Jan 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2237474 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2237473&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19219661%26dopt%3DAbstract%26itool%3Drss Authors: Back SE, Waldrop AE, Brady KT A significant proportion of individuals with substance use disorders (SUDs) meet criteria for comorbid posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). This comorbidity confers a more complicated clinical presentation that carries with it formidable treatment challenges for practitioners. The current study examined sources of difficulty and gratification among clinicians (N = 423) from four national organizations who completed an anonymous questionnaire. As expected, the findings revealed that comorbid SUD/PTSD was rated as significantly more difficult to treat than either disorder alone. The most common challenges associated with treating SUD/PTSD patients included knowing how to best prioritize and integrate treatment components, patient self-destructivene... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2237473 Thu, 01 Jan 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2237473 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2237472&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19219662%26dopt%3DAbstract%26itool%3Drss This study assesses the impact of the 1993 NIH Revitalization Act on the inclusion and subgroup analysis of women and minorities in trials of FDA-approved smoking cessation pharmacotherapy. Female representation, while commensurate with population levels, declined significantly for trials that began recruitment after 1993(M = 47.2% vs. M = 53.9%), and fewer than half reported analyses by gender. Minorities continued to be under-represented in later trials; however, significant improvement in representation (M = 16.1% vs. M = 10%) and analysis by race occurred. Industry-sponsored studies had lower minority representation than NIH funded studies. Recommendations are offered to improve subgroup analyses and minority inclusion. PMID: 19219662 [PubMed - in process] (Source: American Journal... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2237472 Thu, 01 Jan 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2237472 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2237471&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19219663%26dopt%3DAbstract%26itool%3Drss Authors: Cherpitel CJ, Ye Y A risk function analysis of data is reported from the 2005 National Alcohol Survey on average daily volume of alcohol and frequency of consuming five or more drinks per day with reporting any injury during the preceding year, an injury that was treated, or an injury that was treated in the emergency room (ER). Data suggest the association of alcohol and injury based on ER studies is not representative of all injuries, and should be taken into account in deriving estimates of risk of injury related to alcohol and alcohol-attributable fractions based on ER studies. PMID: 19219663 [PubMed - in process] (Source: American Journal on Addictions) American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2237471 Thu, 01 Jan 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2237471 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2237470&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19219664%26dopt%3DAbstract%26itool%3Drss Authors: Kirisci L, Tarter R, Mezzich A, Ridenour T, Reynolds M, Vanyukov M Employing a prospective paradigm, this investigation derived the childhood phenotype and the environtype associated with risk for cannabis use disorder. Two hundred and sixteen boys were evaluated between age 10-12 on a comprehensive protocol using self, mother, and teacher reports and followed-up at ages 19 and 22 to determine the presence of cannabis use disorder. The Transmissible Liability Index (TLI) and Non-Transmissible Liability Index (NTLI) were derived using item response theory. Logistic regression was conducted to evaluate the accuracy of the indexes, singly and in combination, to predict cannabis use disorder. The TLI and NTLI together predicted with 70% and 75% accuracy cannabis use disorder manif... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2237470 Thu, 01 Jan 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2237470 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2237469&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19219665%26dopt%3DAbstract%26itool%3Drss Authors: Hamilton JD, Nguyen QX, Gerber RM, Rubio NB Preclinical and uncontrolled human studies have suggested the possible efficacy of second-generation antipsychotics, particularly olanzapine, in treating cocaine dependence. We conducted a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in which 48 cocaine-dependent subjects received olanzapine or identical-appearing placebo for 16 weeks. The primary outcome measure was the proportion of cocaine-negative weekly urine screens during treatment. Secondary measures included scores on a Craving Questionnaire, Addiction Severity Index subscales, and extrapyramidal symptom scales. Olanzapine and placebo did not differ on any outcome measure. Both olanzapine and placebo subjects frequently reported side effects, but no unexpected ones. We... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2237469 Thu, 01 Jan 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2237469 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2237468&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19219666%26dopt%3DAbstract%26itool%3Drss Authors: Carpenter KM, McDowell D, Brooks DJ, Cheng WY, Levin FR The present study investigated the efficacy of nefazodone and bupropion-sustained release for treating cannabis dependence. A double-blind, placebo-controlled, piggy back design was employed to assess if nefazodone and bupropion-sustained release increased the probability of abstinence from cannabis and reduced the severity of cannabis dependence and cannabis withdrawal symptoms during a 13-week outpatient treatment program. One-hundred and six participants (Mean = 32 years; females n = 25) were randomized to one of three medication conditions (nefazodone, bupropion-sustained release, or placebo) and participated in a weekly, individually based coping skills therapy program. Results indicated an increased probability of a... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2237468 Thu, 01 Jan 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2237468 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2237467&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19219667%26dopt%3DAbstract%26itool%3Drss This study examined the association between sexual risk behavior and co-administration of methamphetamine with other drugs in a sample of 341 HIV-positive MSM. Those who reported methamphetamine co-administration in the past two months (65%) reported significantly more unprotected anal and oral sex and a greater number of casual, anonymous, and paid sex partners in this timeframe compared to men who used methamphetamine alone. Two primary patterns of co-administration were identified: 1) drug combinations motivated by sexual performance and enhancement (eg, methamphetamine, poppers, sildenafil); and 2) "party drug" combinations (eg, methamphetamine, GHB, ketamine). Implications for further research and possible applications to risk-reduction interventions are discussed. PMID: 19219667 ... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2237467 Thu, 01 Jan 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2237467 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2237466&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19219668%26dopt%3DAbstract%26itool%3Drss Authors: Buydens-Branchey L, Branchey M, Hibbeln JR Low levels of some polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) could influence behaviors leading to the abuse of substances through their actions on serotonergic and dopaminergic mechanisms. Because substance abusers tend to have poor dietary habits, the possibility that a deficient intake of n-3 PUFAs, available from dietary sources only, and subsequent low n-3 plasma levels would predict their relapse rates was explored. Thirty-five patients admitted to substance abuse clinics were enrolled and followed for one year. Dietary questionnaires and blood samples were collected at baseline and on a quarterly basis, and relapse rates monitored on a monthly basis. Six patients dropped out shortly after study entry, 11 relapsed in the course of the ... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2237466 Thu, 01 Jan 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2237466 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2237465&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19219669%26dopt%3DAbstract%26itool%3Drss We examined the ability of several baseline variables to predict treatment outcome in a pharmacotherapy trial that included 164 participants who were both cocaine- and alcohol-dependent and were selected for a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Predictor variables included results from the baseline Addiction Severity Index (ASI), initial Urine Drug Screen results, cocaine and alcohol craving and cocaine and alcohol withdrawal symptoms at the start of treatment. Successful treatment was defined as four continuous weeks of self-reported cocaine abstinence verified by urine drug screens. In respect to demographic characteristics, there were no significant differences between patients who achieved four weeks of abstinence from cocaine and those who did not. Baseline variables ... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2237465 Thu, 01 Jan 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2237465 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2237464&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19219670%26dopt%3DAbstract%26itool%3Drss Authors: Westermeyer J, Canive J, Thuras P, Thompson J, Crosby RD, Garrard J The purpose of this analysis was to compare substance use disorder (SUD) diagnoses, severity, comorbidity, and course in 362 American Indian veterans. The sample was drawn from communities in the north central and southwestern areas of the United States, structured to over-sample women and to include half-rural/half-urban residents. Instruments used in the study included current demography, military history, the Diagnostic Interview Schedule/Quick Version, Michigan Alcoholism Screening Test modified to include alcohol and drugs (MAST/AD), Brief Symptom Inventory, Posttraumatic Checklist, and a treatment algorithm. Univariate analyses showed that women had lower scores on the MAST/AD, reported lower symptom lev... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2237464 Thu, 01 Jan 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2237464 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2237463&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19219671%26dopt%3DAbstract%26itool%3Drss Authors: McLeish AC, Zvolensky MJ, Del Ben KS, Burke RS The aim of the present investigation was to evaluate the moderating role of anxiety sensitivity (AS) in the relation between smoking rate and panic vulnerability variables among a community-based sample of adults. Results indicated that the interaction between AS and smoking rate significantly predicted anxious arousal, agoraphobic avoidance, and anticipatory anxiety. Specifically, participants who reported higher levels of AS and heavier smoking rates reported the highest levels of panic vulnerability. These data suggest that this combination of high AS and heavier smoking is particularly problematic in regard to panic symptoms. PMID: 19219671 [PubMed - in process] (Source: American Journal on Addictions) American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2237463 Thu, 01 Jan 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2237463 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2237462&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19219672%26dopt%3DAbstract%26itool%3Drss Authors: Abrantes AM, Strong DR, Lloyd-Richardson EE, Niaura R, Kahler CW, Brown RA PMID: 19219672 [PubMed - in process] (Source: American Journal on Addictions) American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2237462 Thu, 01 Jan 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2237462 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2237483&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19034736%26dopt%3DAbstract%26itool%3Drss Authors: Gordon AJ, Liberto J, Granda S, Salmon-Cox S, Andree T, McNicholas L Despite the high numbers of veterans with opioid dependence, few receive pharmacologic treatment for this disorder. The adoption of buprenorphine treatment within the Veterans Health Administration (VHA) has been slow. To expand capacity for buprenorphine treatment, the VHA sponsored two eight-hour credentialing courses for the Drug Addiction Treatment Act of 2000. We sought to describe the outcomes of such training. Following the training sessions, 29 participants (18 physicians) were highly satisfied with course content and affirmed their intention to prescribe buprenorphine; after nine-month follow-up, two physicians were prescribing. We conclude that providing credentialing courses, while popular, did not... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2237483 Sat, 01 Nov 2008 04:00:00 +0100 2237483 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2237482&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19034737%26dopt%3DAbstract%26itool%3Drss Authors: Suh JJ, Pettinati HM, Kampman KM, O'Brien CP Recently, we reported that naltrexone at 150 mg/day significantly decreased cocaine and alcohol use for men but not women with co-occurring cocaine and alcohol dependence. The present study is an exploratory investigation of predictors that explain the different gender responses to naltrexone, with a particular focus on differential predictors of treatment attrition. No significant predictors were associated with treatment discontinuation in men. Women, however, were more likely to discontinue treatment when reporting severe pre-treatment psychiatric problems or nausea while in treatment. Further research on the impact of pre-treatment and in-treatment gender differences with naltrexone is warranted. PMID: 19034737 [PubMed - ind... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2237482 Sat, 01 Nov 2008 04:00:00 +0100 2237482 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2237481&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19034738%26dopt%3DAbstract%26itool%3Drss Authors: Handley ED, Chassin L Parenting adolescents with externalizing symptomatology has been repeatedly shown to be stress-inducing for parents. One possible coping strategy for parents dealing with this chronic stress may be drinking. The current study extended previous research by examining the prospective relations between adolescents' externalizing behaviors and parents' negative affect and alcohol consumption. Additionally, the present study tested whether this mediated effect is a function of parental social support. Adolescents' externalizing symptoms prospectively predicted mothers' negative affect. Interestingly, however, mothers' negative affect prospectively predicted mothers' drinking only for those mothers with low social support. Furthermore, the mediated effect (Wave ... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2237481 Sat, 01 Nov 2008 04:00:00 +0100 2237481 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2237480&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19034739%26dopt%3DAbstract%26itool%3Drss Authors: Stump MJ, Smith JE Posttraumatic growth (PTG)--namely, the experience of positive change in oneself or one's life following trauma--is particularly relevant for homeless women because they have greater trauma exposure than the general population, as well as higher rates of substance use. The present study examined PTG and substance use in this population. Fifty homeless women with trauma histories participated. In line with predictions, more current substance use was related to less PTG, more reliance on avoidant coping once approach coping was accounted for, and greater PTSD symptomatology. Levels of growth were comparable to those found in samples with less trauma exposure. PMID: 19034739 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: American Journal on Addictions) American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2237480 Sat, 01 Nov 2008 04:00:00 +0100 2237480 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2237479&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19034740%26dopt%3DAbstract%26itool%3Drss Authors: Dempsey JP, Back SE, Waldrop AE, Jenkins L, Brady KT Although common, the use of cash incentives to compensate drug-addicted participants is controversial. This is particularly true given concerns that cash incentives might precipitate relapse, as is commonly believed. The following investigation examined whether cash versus money order compensation differentially influenced drug use among 34 non-treatment-seeking, cocaine-dependent individuals. Consistent with past evidence, results did not suggest that form of compensation was associated with likelihood of continued cocaine use or dollar amount of cocaine consumed after participation. Findings do not support commonly held concerns that cash incentives increase the risk of relapse following research participation. PMID: 1... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2237479 Sat, 01 Nov 2008 04:00:00 +0100 2237479 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2237478&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19034741%26dopt%3DAbstract%26itool%3Drss Concordance between cigarette smoking and the modified Fagerström Tolerance Questionnaire in controlled studies of ADHD. Am J Addict. 2008 Nov-Dec;17(6):491-6 Authors: Wilens TE, Vitulano M, Upadhyaya H, Adamson J, Parcell T, Westerberg D, Biederman J Our objective was to compare scores on a smoking questionnaire to a diagnosis of cigarette smoking. As part of follow-ups in studies of ADHD, we assessed for cigarette smoking using structured interviews and the modified Fagerstrom Tolerance Questionnaire (mFTQ). Data were obtained from 162 subjects (mean = 19.2 yrs). ROC analysis and kappa coefficients revealed that a cutoff score of 3 on the mFTQ showed the strongest agreement with a full diagnosis of cigarette smoking (kappa = 0.68). Clinicians and researchers using the mF... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2237478 Sat, 01 Nov 2008 04:00:00 +0100 2237478 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2237477&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19034742%26dopt%3DAbstract%26itool%3Drss We examined the longitudinal pathways from marijuana use in the familial environment (parents and siblings) and non-familial environment (peers and significant other), throughout adolescence and young adulthood, to the participants' own marijuana use in their fourth decade of life (n = 586). Longitudinal pathways to marijuana use were assessed using structural equation modeling. Familial factors were mediated by non-familial factors; sibling marijuana use also had a direct effect on the participants' marijuana use. In the non-familial environment, significant other marijuana use had only a direct effect, while peer marijuana use had direct as well as indirect effects on the participants' marijuana use. Results illustrate the importance of both modeling and selection effects in contributing... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2237477 Sat, 01 Nov 2008 04:00:00 +0100 2237477 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2237476&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19034743%26dopt%3DAbstract%26itool%3Drss Authors: Edwards HB, Upadhyaya HP, Carpenter MJ PMID: 19034743 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: American Journal on Addictions) American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2237476 Sat, 01 Nov 2008 04:00:00 +0100 2237476 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2237501&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18770076%26dopt%3DAbstract%26itool%3Drss This study examined sex differences in alcohol-associated smoking urge and smoking patterns to elucidate factors contributing to the co-use of alcohol and cigarettes. Participants were 39 (22M, 17F) binge-drinking tobacco chippers. Although men and women showed similar alcohol-smoking patterns and similar alcohol-induced smoking urges, a positive association between these factors was observed only in men. The lack of relationship in women suggests that co-use of these substances may be due to exteroceptive factors beyond the pharmacological effects of alcohol potentiating smoking urge. PMID: 18770076 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: American Journal on Addictions) American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2237501 Mon, 01 Sep 2008 04:00:00 +0100 2237501 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2237500&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18770077%26dopt%3DAbstract%26itool%3Drss Authors: Wu LT, Ringwalt CL, Mannelli P, Patkar AA We investigated the prevalence, patterns, and correlates of past-year DSM-IV hallucinogen use disorders (HUDs) among past-year users of MDMA and other hallucinogens from a sample of Americans 18 or older (n = 37,227). Users were categorized as MDMA users and other hallucinogen users. Overall, one in five (20%) MDMA users and about one in six (16%) other hallucinogen users reported at least one clinical feature of HUDs. Among MDMA users, prevalence of hallucinogen abuse, subthreshold dependence, and dependence was 4.9%, 11.9%, and 3.6%, respectively. The majority with hallucinogen abuse displayed subthreshold dependence. Most with hallucinogen dependence exhibited abuse. Subthreshold hallucinogen dependence is relatively prevalent and r... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2237500 Mon, 01 Sep 2008 04:00:00 +0100 2237500 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2237499&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18770078%26dopt%3DAbstract%26itool%3Drss Authors: Goldstein BI, Birmaher B, Axelson DA, Goldstein TR, Esposito-Smythers C, Strober MA, Hunt J, Leonard H, Gill MK, Iyengar S, Grimm C, Yang M, Ryan ND, Keller MB Cigarette smoking among adults with bipolar disorder (BP) correlates with psychosis, substance use disorders (SUD), and suicidality. Little is known regarding smoking among youths with BP. Youths with BP (n = 441) were divided into three smoking groups: Never, Ever, and Daily. Twenty-five percent reported any smoking (11% daily, 14% ever). Ever and Daily subjects had significantly greater lifetime prevalence of suicide attempts, physical abuse, conduct disorder, and SUD compared to Never subjects. Daily heavy smokers had greater prevalence of SUD and suicide attempts, and worse depression versus daily light smokers. Smo... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2237499 Mon, 01 Sep 2008 04:00:00 +0100 2237499 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2237498&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18770079%26dopt%3DAbstract%26itool%3Drss This study compared five groups of participants: those receiving either three-day methadone-assisted withdrawal (MAW) alone (n = 67), three-day MAW followed by methadone maintenance (MM) (n = 8), seven-day MAW alone (n = 28), seven-day MAW followed by MM (n = 20), or a continuous MM sample (n = 52) enrolled between 1995-2001 in an urban drug treatment center. On average, patients in the three MM groups remained in treatment longer, attended more obstetrical visits, and more often delivered at the program hospital than patients in the two MAW alone groups. Given the poor maternal MAW outcomes, methadone maintenance should be considered as the primary treatment approach for opioid-dependent pregnant women. PMID: 18770079 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: American Journal on Addicti... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2237498 Mon, 01 Sep 2008 04:00:00 +0100 2237498 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2237497&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18770080%26dopt%3DAbstract%26itool%3Drss Authors: Fairbairn CE, Dundon WD, Xie H, Plebani JG, Kampman KM, Lynch KG While much research has suggested that the integrity of the blind is compromised in psychotropic drug trials, little research has been conducted on blinding in substance abuse trials. The current study examines the integrity of the blind in an outpatient pharmacotherapy trial investigating the effectiveness of amantadine and propranolol in treating cocaine addiction. Results suggest that neither nurses (N = 174, kappa = 0.08, p = 0.22) nor participants (N = 163, kappa = 0.09, p = 0.26) could accurately predict treatment assignment. Furthermore, nurses' perceptions of treatment assignment were significantly related to trial completion, medication compliance, and cocaine use--results that may have training implicat... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2237497 Mon, 01 Sep 2008 04:00:00 +0100 2237497 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2237496&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18770081%26dopt%3DAbstract%26itool%3Drss Authors: Wickwire EM, Burke RS, Brown SA, Parker JD, May RK The present study examined the reliability, validity, and clinical utility of a brief self-report measure of gambling behavior, the National Opinion Research Center DSM-IV Screen for Gambling Problems (NODS). Participants were 157 consecutively enrolled male military veterans taking part in substance use disorder treatment. The NODS displayed good internal consistency. Concurrent and discriminant validity were demonstrated by comparing scores on the NODS to scores on the South Oaks Gambling Screen and to a measure of medical problems, respectively. Overall, the NODS appears to be a reliable, valid, and clinically useful measure of gambling problems among patients in substance use disorder treatment programs. PMID: 18770081... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2237496 Mon, 01 Sep 2008 04:00:00 +0100 2237496 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2237495&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18770082%26dopt%3DAbstract%26itool%3Drss Authors: Schwartz RP, Kelly SM, O'Grady KE, Mitchell SG, Peterson JA, Reisinger HS, Agar MH, Brown BS Attitudes and beliefs about drug abuse treatment have long been known to shape response to that treatment. Two major pharmacological alternatives are available for opioid dependence: methadone, which has been available for the past 40 years, and buprenorphine, a recently introduced medication. This mixed-methods study examined the attitudes of opioid-dependent individuals toward methadone and buprenorphine. A total of 195 participants (n = 140 who were enrolling in one of six Baltimore area methadone programs and n = 55 who were out-of-treatment) were administered the Attitudes toward Methadone and toward Buprenorphine Scales, and a subset (n = 46) received an ethnographic interview. T... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2237495 Mon, 01 Sep 2008 04:00:00 +0100 2237495 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2237494&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18770083%26dopt%3DAbstract%26itool%3Drss This study yields preliminary evidence in support of MIGT as a useful treatment approach for an alcohol-dependent population with psychiatric comorbidity. PMID: 18770083 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: American Journal on Addictions) American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2237494 Mon, 01 Sep 2008 04:00:00 +0100 2237494 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2237493&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18770084%26dopt%3DAbstract%26itool%3Drss Authors: Petry NM, Lewis MW, Ostvik-White EM Many drug abuse treatment programs encourage participation in religious activities, yet there is scant research regarding their effectiveness. Contingency management (CM) interventions sometimes reinforce the completion of non-drug related activities, and church attendance is a popular activity. Cocaine abusers (n = 184) randomized to CM interventions were categorized based on whether or not they engaged in three or more religious activities. Engagers in religious activities (n = 34) remained in treatment longer, were abstinent for longer durations, and submitted more substance-negative samples than non-engagers (n = 150), even after controlling for number of activities completed overall. Thus, encouraging religious involvement during CM tre... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2237493 Mon, 01 Sep 2008 04:00:00 +0100 2237493 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2237492&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18770085%26dopt%3DAbstract%26itool%3Drss This study examined whether participation in opiate drug treatment is associated with changes in drug use and injecting drug use within the social networks of injecting drug users. Participants were 245 injecting drug users who attended the Baltimore Needle Exchange Program during 2002-2004 and requested treatment and received a referral for opiate agonist treatment as part of an intervention to improve treatment outcomes. Data included interviews at baseline, 3, 6, 12, and 18 months and drug treatment program agency records. The mean age of participants was 42.2 years; 77% were African American, 69% were male, and 48% entered treatment. Final generalized estimating equations (GEE) models indicated that participants that entered opiate drug treatment exhibited approximately a 20% decrease ... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2237492 Mon, 01 Sep 2008 04:00:00 +0100 2237492 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2237491&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18770086%26dopt%3DAbstract%26itool%3Drss This study confirms previous findings that addiction is associated with a decreased level of engagement in pleasant activities. The PAL seems to be a standardized, feasible, and valid instrument to sample non-substance-related rewarding activities in patients' everyday lives. PMID: 18770086 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: American Journal on Addictions) American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2237491 Mon, 01 Sep 2008 04:00:00 +0100 2237491 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2237490&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18770087%26dopt%3DAbstract%26itool%3Drss Authors: Traylor AC, Bordnick PS, Carter BL Cigarette smokers, when confronted with cues associated with smoking, evidence strong reactions, including increased craving. These reactions have not been extensively studied in young adult smokers, a group that research suggests may respond differently than adults or adolescent smokers. We used virtual reality, which presents a complex array of smoking cues that may be particularly salient to young adult smokers, and measured self-report of craving. Young adult smokers responded strongly to these cues and, unlike adults, did not return to a baseline of craving following cue exposure, suggesting young adult smokers differ from other smokers in terms of cue responses. PMID: 18770087 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: American Journal... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2237490 Mon, 01 Sep 2008 04:00:00 +0100 2237490 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2237489&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18770088%26dopt%3DAbstract%26itool%3Drss This study examined the differences in psychiatric symptoms between adult methamphetamine users (n = 46) and control subjects (n = 31), the relationship between psychiatric symptoms and the intensity of methamphetamine craving, and whether psychiatric symptoms were correlated to methamphetamine drug-usage variables (ie, length of abstinence, frequency, duration, and lifetime grams). We found that depressive symptoms on the Center for Epidemiology Studies-Depression (CES-D) and many other psychiatric symptoms on the Symptom Checklist-90 (SCL-90) significantly correlated with craving methamphetamine on the visual analog scale (VAS) for craving. Methamphetamine users had significantly more depressive symptoms (on CES-D) and psychotic symptoms (on SCL-90) compared to controls. There were no si... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2237489 Mon, 01 Sep 2008 04:00:00 +0100 2237489 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2237488&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18770089%26dopt%3DAbstract%26itool%3Drss Authors: Xafenias A, Diakogiannis I, Iacovides A, Fokas K, Kaprinis G Comorbidity of psychiatric disorder and substance use disorder (SUD) is very common. Clinical experience says that comorbidity increases inpatient length of stay. We aimed to discover which factors affect length of stay for inpatients at a psychiatric department in a specialized mental hospital in a Greek urban area, and specifically whether SUD is one of them. All patients admitted over a 12-month period were given the CAGE questionnaire and that part of the EUROPASI questionnaire dealing with substance use. This was followed by a diagnostic interview to establish the final diagnosis in accordance with the DSM-IV criteria. Following this, the patients' characteristics in conjunction with their average length of stay... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2237488 Mon, 01 Sep 2008 04:00:00 +0100 2237488 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2237487&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18770090%26dopt%3DAbstract%26itool%3Drss Authors: Soyka M PMID: 18770090 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: American Journal on Addictions) American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2237487 Mon, 01 Sep 2008 04:00:00 +0100 2237487 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2237486&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18770091%26dopt%3DAbstract%26itool%3Drss Authors: Tsai JH, Tsai KB, Jang MY PMID: 18770091 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: American Journal on Addictions) American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2237486 Mon, 01 Sep 2008 04:00:00 +0100 2237486 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2237485&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18770092%26dopt%3DAbstract%26itool%3Drss Authors: Gugger JJ, Cassagnol M PMID: 18770092 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: American Journal on Addictions) American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2237485 Mon, 01 Sep 2008 04:00:00 +0100 2237485 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2237484&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18770093%26dopt%3DAbstract%26itool%3Drss Authors: Henderson DL, Ginsberg JP PMID: 18770093 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: American Journal on Addictions) American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2237484 Mon, 01 Sep 2008 04:00:00 +0100 2237484 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2237514&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18612879%26dopt%3DAbstract%26itool%3Drss This study examined the effects of naltrexone compared to placebo on subjective responses to alcohol at the descending limb of the blood alcohol curve following a controlled intravenous (IV) alcohol administration. Non-treatment-seeking hazardous drinkers (n = 38) completed two double-blind counterbalanced IV alcohol challenge sessions, one after taking naltrexone (50 mg) for three days and one after taking a placebo for three days. During each session, participants reported on subjective responses to alcohol during the descending limb of the blood alcohol curve. Analyses revealed significant main effects of naltrexone, reflecting significantly decreased alcohol-induced stimulation, craving, vigor, positive mood, and alcohol "high" and increased tension as compared to placebo. These findin... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2237514 Tue, 01 Jul 2008 04:00:00 +0100 2237514 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2237513&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18612880%26dopt%3DAbstract%26itool%3Drss Authors: Lieberman DZ, Massey SH Most individuals with drinking problems do not receive treatment, generally because they do not perceive the need for it. It is difficult to access this population of problem drinkers in order to encourage treatment-seeking. A Web-based program was written, designed to increase motivation for change. The program guided non-treatment-seekers through a multi-stage assessment and provided them with feedback. The level of interest in treatment was measured pre-and post-intervention. Compared to baseline, after the intervention, significantly more individuals rated themselves "very interested" in participating in some form of traditional treatment (19% vs. 28%), and their focus on a specific modality increased. PMID: 18612880 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLIN... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2237513 Tue, 01 Jul 2008 04:00:00 +0100 2237513 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2237512&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18612881%26dopt%3DAbstract%26itool%3Drss Authors: Brook DW, Saar NS, Brook JS This research examined the longitudinal pathways from earlier violent television exposure to later drug dependence. African American and Puerto Rican adolescents were interviewed during three points in time (n = 463). Exposure to violent television programs in late adolescence predicted exposure to violent television programs in young adulthood, which in turn was related to tobacco/marijuana use, nicotine dependence, and later drug dependence. Some policy and clinical implications suggest regulating the times when violent television programs are broadcast, creating developmentally targeted prevention/treatment programs, and recognizing that watching violent television programs may serve as a cue regarding increased susceptibility to nicotine and dru... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2237512 Tue, 01 Jul 2008 04:00:00 +0100 2237512 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2237511&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18612882%26dopt%3DAbstract%26itool%3Drss Authors: Godley SH, Godley MD, Wright KL, Funk RR, Petry NM Contingency management (CM) is efficacious in improving outcomes of substance-abusing patients, but CM studies are relatively rare in adolescents. CM approaches can reinforce both abstinence and adherence to treatment-related goal areas. This paper describes 1,739 different activities in 10 goal areas (e.g., education, family/friends, and social/recreational) chosen by 86 adolescents who were participating in a multiple week CM study that reinforced both abstinence and adherence with goal-related activities. The mean activities selected was 20, and the mean completed was 13. Overall, 1,114 or 64% of chosen activities were completed. The clinical feasibility of activity incentive programs for adolescents is discussed. PMID:... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2237511 Tue, 01 Jul 2008 04:00:00 +0100 2237511 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2237510&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18612883%26dopt%3DAbstract%26itool%3Drss Authors: Mooney ME, Poling J, Gonzalez G, Gonsai K, Kosten T, Sofuoglu M In this double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, bupropion (BUPRO, 300 mg/day) was compared to placebo (PBO) for the concurrent treatment of opioid and tobacco addiction in 40 opioid-dependent smokers stabilized on buprenorphine (BUPRE, 24 mg/day). Participants received contingent, monetary reinforcement for abstinence from smoking, illicit opioids, and cocaine. Significant differences in treatment retention were observed (BUPRE+BUPRO, 58%; BUPRE+PBO, 90%). BUPRO treatment was not more effective than placebo for abstinence from tobacco, opioids, or cocaine in BUPRE-stabilized patients. These preliminary findings do not support the efficacy of BUPRO, in combination with BUPRE, for the concurrent treatment of opioid ... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2237510 Tue, 01 Jul 2008 04:00:00 +0100 2237510 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2237509&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18612884%26dopt%3DAbstract%26itool%3Drss In conclusion, the DIDS does measure the constructs that it sets out to measure. However, significant gender differences do exist and appear to go beyond differences in actual behavior in terms of sexual disinhibition. Men and women describe themselves differently when they describe sexual behavior in general, even when they report similar recent behavior, and we suggest that these differences at least partly reflect sexual stereotypes. PMID: 18612884 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: American Journal on Addictions) American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2237509 Tue, 01 Jul 2008 04:00:00 +0100 2237509 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2237508&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18612885%26dopt%3DAbstract%26itool%3Drss This study compares the effectiveness of two brief outpatient treatments for problem gambling: eight sessions of Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (n = 65) and eight sessions of a twelve-step treatment-oriented approach based on the first five steps of Gamblers Anonymous (n = 61). There were no baseline group differences on gambling-relevant variables. Twelve months post-treatment showed no group differences on key gambling variables (eg, frequency, abstinence rates, money wagered) in an analysis of completers. Participants who attended more sessions and chose an initial abstinent treatment goal appeared to achieve better outcomes. PMID: 18612885 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: American Journal on Addictions) American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2237508 Tue, 01 Jul 2008 04:00:00 +0100 2237508 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2237507&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18612886%26dopt%3DAbstract%26itool%3Drss Authors: Wu LT, Blazer DG, Stitzer ML, Patkar AA, Blaine JD We sought to determine the prevalence, patterns, and correlates of past-month illicit methadone use and history of regular illicit use among stimulant-using methadone maintenance treatment patients. We obtained self-reported information on illicit methadone use from 383 participants recruited from six community-based methadone maintenance programs. Overall, 1.6% of participants reported illicit use in the past month, and 4.7% reported a history of regular use. Younger age and history of outpatient psychological treatment were associated with increased odds of past-month illicit use. Illicit methadone use among patients in maintenance programs is infrequent; however, a number of factors may increase risk of illicit use. PMI... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2237507 Tue, 01 Jul 2008 04:00:00 +0100 2237507 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2237506&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18612887%26dopt%3DAbstract%26itool%3Drss Authors: Kim SY, Barker JC, Anderson IB, Dyer JE, Earnest G, Blanc PD We adapted and tested a previously published questionnaire battery eliciting sensory and cognitive symptoms during (acute) and immediately after (post-acute) GHB intoxication. Studying 125 GHB users, we assessed the instrument's internal consistency using Cronbach's alpha (CA) and responsiveness to change comparing acute and post-acute symptoms. The final 14-item battery demonstrated good internal consistency (CA >or= 0.85, both acute and post-acute). The median symptom score (possible range 0-64) was 30 (acute) and 6 (post-acute; difference p < 0.001). This modified substance-specific symptom battery, which is easily administered, demonstrated excellent performance characteristics. It can be used to study GHB ... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2237506 Tue, 01 Jul 2008 04:00:00 +0100 2237506 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2237505&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18612888%26dopt%3DAbstract%26itool%3Drss We examined the sex-specific heritability of diagnostic symptoms for alcohol-related problems in a community-based sample of twin pairs (males: n = 519; females: n = 613) using a biometrical analytic strategy to estimate the genetic and environmental components of AUD symptoms. Five of the seven symptoms of alcohol problems demonstrated sex-differences in heritability. Three of the seven symptoms examined had significant heritability in female twins only: "increased risk of injury or harm," "emotional problems related to drinking," and "the desire to drink." In males, a different pattern was observed, with four of the seven examined symptoms demonstrating heritability: "Increased chance of injury or harm," "spending more time using alcohol or getting over its effects," "using larger amount... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2237505 Tue, 01 Jul 2008 04:00:00 +0100 2237505 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2237504&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18612890%26dopt%3DAbstract%26itool%3Drss Authors: Easton CJ, Lee B, Wupperman P, Zonana H PMID: 18612890 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: American Journal on Addictions) American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2237504 Tue, 01 Jul 2008 04:00:00 +0100 2237504 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2237503&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18612891%26dopt%3DAbstract%26itool%3Drss Authors: Jana AK, Arora M, Khess CR, Praharaj SK PMID: 18612891 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: American Journal on Addictions) American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2237503 Tue, 01 Jul 2008 04:00:00 +0100 2237503 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2237502&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18612892%26dopt%3DAbstract%26itool%3Drss Authors: Politi E, Fauci E, Santoro A, Smeraldi E PMID: 18612892 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: American Journal on Addictions) American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2237502 Tue, 01 Jul 2008 04:00:00 +0100 2237502 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2237528&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18463991%26dopt%3DAbstract%26itool%3Drss Authors: Dupont RL, Coleman JJ, Bucher RH, Wilford BB Methylphenidate (MPH) has a long history of being an effective medication for attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Recently, the nonmedical use of MPH has increased, particularly among college students. To investigate this, we surveyed 2,087 students regarding MPH misuse. Of 2,087 respondents, 110 (5.3%) used MPH nonmedically at least once. Most obtained MPH free from a friend, acquaintance, or family member. Misuse of Ritalin(R) occurred four times more frequently than Concerta. Among Ritalin abusers, Intranasal use was reported more often than oral. Students reported using MPH nonmedically for recreational reasons as well as to improve academic performance. PMID: 18463991 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Ame... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2237528 Thu, 01 May 2008 04:00:00 +0100 2237528 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2237527&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18463992%26dopt%3DAbstract%26itool%3Drss This study assessed whether personality disorder features were associated with psychiatric symptoms in a cohort of women treated for substance abuse in Sweden. Patients were diagnosed with personality disorders using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV (SCID-II) personality questionnaire and SCID-II interview, and were then administered a self-report questionnaire designed to measure symptoms of psychiatric illness, the Symptoms Checklist-90 (SCL-90), during and five years after treatment. Concurrently, features of all personality disorders, except histrionic, were associated with SCL-90 score. At five-year follow-up, most personality disorders remained associated with SCL-90 score, with the exception of paranoid and schizoid personality disorder. After controlling for baseline sc... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2237527 Thu, 01 May 2008 04:00:00 +0100 2237527 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2237526&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18463993%26dopt%3DAbstract%26itool%3Drss Authors: Akerele E, Bisaga A, Sullivan MA, Garawi F, Comer SD, Thomas AA, Nunes EV, Kleber HD Dextromethorphan (DM) is a low-affinity, non-competitive NMDA receptor antagonist that has shown promise in preclinical and preliminary clinical studies for the reduction of opioid withdrawal symptoms, but when used at higher doses, it is associated with deleterious side effects attributed to its metabolite, dextrorphan. A clinical trial was therefore conducted to test the withdrawal-suppressant effect of a combination of dextromethorphan with quinidine (DM/Q). Quinidine inhibits the metabolism of dextromethorphan, reducing dextrorphan levels. Opioid-dependent patients were admitted to an inpatient unit, stabilized for three days on morphine (25 mg, sc, every six hours), and randomly assigned ... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2237526 Thu, 01 May 2008 04:00:00 +0100 2237526 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2237525&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18463994%26dopt%3DAbstract%26itool%3Drss Authors: Morrell HE, Cohen LM, Dempsey JP Approximately 10,000 undergraduates from 12 Texas colleges and universities and 350 health care students completed a Web-based survey assessing the prevalence and awareness of cigarette smoking. There were few differences between health care and undergraduate students on trying smoking or quitting smoking. Health care students reported lower rates of current smoking than undergraduate students, even though both groups demonstrated similar knowledge of tobacco-related health risks. Gender differences are discussed. Findings suggest that tobacco awareness programs should continue to target young adults as an at-risk population, and that health care training programs should place a greater emphasis on tobacco cessation. PMID: 18463994 [PubMed ... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2237525 Thu, 01 May 2008 04:00:00 +0100 2237525 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2237524&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18463995%26dopt%3DAbstract%26itool%3Drss In conclusion, opioid-dependent subjects who attempt suicide show familial aggregation and clinical expressions of suicidal liability similar to those described in other psychiatric groups. PMID: 18463995 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: American Journal on Addictions) American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2237524 Thu, 01 May 2008 04:00:00 +0100 2237524 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2237523&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18463996%26dopt%3DAbstract%26itool%3Drss We examined the relationship between attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms and tobacco use within a sample of college students. Although tobacco use was the main focus, we also examined alcohol and marijuana use. We examined the association between the number of ADHD symptoms endorsed (severity), and tobacco, alcohol, and marijuana use in a convenience sample of 334 college students in the southeastern United States. Survey data were based on the annual Core Alcohol and Drug Survey for substance use, and the Current Symptom Scale (CSS) for ADHD, conduct disorder (CD), and antisocial personality disorder (ASPD) symptoms. Among ever users of a substance, the number (severity) of current ADHD symptoms, including inattentive and hyperactive symptoms, were significantly assoc... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2237523 Thu, 01 May 2008 04:00:00 +0100 2237523 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2237522&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18463997%26dopt%3DAbstract%26itool%3Drss We examined the prevalence of 20 individual symptoms of cannabis withdrawal in the U.S. general population. More than 29% of past 12-month cannabis users reported experiencing at least two cannabis withdrawal symptoms, with 8% reporting impairment from at least two symptoms or withdrawal relief. The most common withdrawal symptom was eating more than usual/gaining weight. Co-occurring tobacco use modestly increased the likelihood of reporting certain symptoms, as did other illicit drug use, though to a lesser degree. Even after controlling for intensity of cannabis use, a history of parental alcohol/drug problems was associated with an increased likelihood of experiencing cannabis withdrawal. Evidence from this and prior studies demonstrating withdrawal strongly suggest that future edition... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2237522 Thu, 01 May 2008 04:00:00 +0100 2237522 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2237521&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18463998%26dopt%3DAbstract%26itool%3Drss The objective of this study was to examine the level of additional treatment services obtained by patients enrolled in the NIDA Cocaine Collaborative Study, a multi-center efficacy trial of four treatments for cocaine dependence, and to determine whether these services impact treatment outcome. Cocaine-dependent patients (N = 487) were recruited at five sites and randomly assigned to six months of one of four psychosocial treatments. Assessments were made at baseline, monthly during treatment, and at follow-ups at 9, 12, 15, and 18 months post-randomization. On average, patients received little or no additional treatment services during active treatment (first six months), but the rate of obtaining most services increased during the follow-up phase (month 7 to 18). In general, the treatmen... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2237521 Thu, 01 May 2008 04:00:00 +0100 2237521 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2237520&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18463999%26dopt%3DAbstract%26itool%3Drss This study evaluated whether psychiatric outpatients with a past stimulant use disorder in full remission for >/= 2 months (STIM+, n = 204) and those with no history of stimulant use disorder (STIM-, n = 2070) differed in the prevalence of current anhedonia and amotivation. Results showed that a significantly greater proportion of STIM+ participants reported anhedonia and amotivation than STIM- participants. The relation between stimulant use disorder history and anhedonia remained robust after controlling for other relevant clinical and demographic factors. These findings suggest that anhedonia may be a preexisting risk factor or protracted effect of stimulant misuse. PMID: 18463999 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: American Journal on Addictions) American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2237520 Thu, 01 May 2008 04:00:00 +0100 2237520 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2237519&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18464000%26dopt%3DAbstract%26itool%3Drss Authors: Salomonsen-Sautel S, Van Leeuwen JM, Gilroy C, Boyle S, Malberg D, Hopfer C Homeless youths (N = 684) in eight cities participated in this study to understand the rates and correlates of substance use. Rates of lifetime and recent substance use ranged from 66% to 90%. Variability in lifetime and recent substance use was partially explained by being white (ages 14-17); ever attempting suicide (ages 14-17); not being African American (lifetime substance use) or Hispanic (ages 18-24); being male (ages 18-24); identifying as lesbian, gay, or bisexual (ages 18-24); using substances with a parent; beginning substance use at a young age; and having a family history of a substance problem. PMID: 18464000 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: American Journal on Addictions) American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2237519 Thu, 01 May 2008 04:00:00 +0100 2237519 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2237518&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18464001%26dopt%3DAbstract%26itool%3Drss Authors: McKetin R, McLaren J, Lubman DI, Hides L The aim of the study was to provide empirical data on the severity of hostility among methamphetamine users experiencing psychotic symptoms. Participants were 71 methamphetamine users from the general community who had experienced positive psychotic symptoms in the past year. Psychotic symptoms were defined as a score of 4 or greater on the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) subscales of suspiciousness, unusual thought content, or hallucinations. The BPRS hostility subscale was used to measure hostility during the most severe symptom episode during the preceding year. Pathological hostility (BPRS score of 4+) was reported by 27% of participants during their most severe episode of psychotic symptoms. Hostility was significantly more c... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2237518 Thu, 01 May 2008 04:00:00 +0100 2237518 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2237517&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18464002%26dopt%3DAbstract%26itool%3Drss Authors: Petry NM, Kelley L, Brennan M, Sierra S PMID: 18464002 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: American Journal on Addictions) American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2237517 Thu, 01 May 2008 04:00:00 +0100 2237517 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2237516&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18464003%26dopt%3DAbstract%26itool%3Drss Authors: Thompson CR, Del-Pan N, Beckson M, Weinstock R PMID: 18464003 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: American Journal on Addictions) American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2237516 Thu, 01 May 2008 04:00:00 +0100 2237516 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2237515&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18464004%26dopt%3DAbstract%26itool%3Drss Authors: Merlo LJ, Carnes PJ, Gold MS PMID: 18464004 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: American Journal on Addictions) American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2237515 Thu, 01 May 2008 04:00:00 +0100 2237515 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2237541&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18393050%26dopt%3DAbstract%26itool%3Drss Authors: Mahoney JJ, Kalechstein AD, De La Garza R, Newton TF The primary objective of this study was to compare and contrast psychotic symptoms reported by cocaine- and methamphetamine-dependent individuals. Participants included 27 cocaine-dependent and 25 methamphetamine-dependent males, as well as 15 cocaine-dependent and 18 methamphetamine-dependent females. After screening, participants were excluded if they met criteria for any Axis I diagnosis other than nicotine dependence, or methamphetamine or cocaine dependence (ie, participants had to use either methamphetamine or cocaine but were excluded if they met dependence criteria for both). The participants were administered the newly developed Psychotic Symptom Assessment Scale (PSAS), which assesses psychotic symptoms. A high pro... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2237541 Sat, 01 Mar 2008 05:00:00 +0100 2237541 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2237540&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18393051%26dopt%3DAbstract%26itool%3Drss Authors: Glasner-Edwards S, Mooney LJ, Marinelli-Casey P, Hillhouse M, Ang A, Rawson R, Little is known about risk factors for depression in methamphetamine users. Using data from 526 adults in the largest psychosocial clinical trial of methamphetamine users conducted to date, this study examined clinical, demographic, and substance use characteristics that predict the presence of a diagnosis of major depressive disorder (MDD) three years after treatment for methamphetamine dependence. The results indicate that two risk factors predict a diagnosis of MDD: a Beck Depression Inventory total score greater than 20, and one or more prior suicide attempts. These risk factors identify methamphetamine users who may benefit from early interventions for psychiatric symptoms. PMID: 18393051 ... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2237540 Sat, 01 Mar 2008 05:00:00 +0100 2237540 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2237539&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18393052%26dopt%3DAbstract%26itool%3Drss Authors: Fleury G, De La Garza R, Mahoney JJ, Evans SE, Newton TF The goal of the present investigation was to determine predictors of cardiovascular response to methamphetamine administrated in the laboratory. Heart rate (HR) and blood pressure (BP) were measured at baseline and at several time points following the administration of methamphetamine or saline placebo. One-way ANOVA was used to determine the differences between female and male subjects in their cardiovascular response. In male subjects, linear regression and one-way ANOVA were used to determine the influence of potential predictors on cardiovascular response, including age, weight, drug use indicators, concurrent use of other substances, route of administration, and race. Methamphetamine administration provoked signific... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2237539 Sat, 01 Mar 2008 05:00:00 +0100 2237539 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2237538&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18393053%26dopt%3DAbstract%26itool%3Drss Authors: Strathdee SA, Case P, Lozada R, Mantsios AR, Alvelais J, Pu M, Brouwer KC, Miller CL, Patterson TL In a study of injection drug users (IDUs) in Tijuana, Mexico, logistic regression identified factors associated with injection of colored vs. clear methamphetamine in the prior six months (N = 613). Colors injected most often were clear (50%), white (47%), yellow (2%), and pink (1%). IDUs injecting colored meth were more likely to experience recent abscesses (34%) compared to those injecting clear meth (24%; p = 0.008), an association that persisted after adjusting for confounders. Market characteristics, possibly relating to purity or adulterants, may be associated with abscesses among methamphetamine injectors. Further study is needed to confirm and determine the mechanism of t... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2237538 Sat, 01 Mar 2008 05:00:00 +0100 2237538 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2237537&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18393054%26dopt%3DAbstract%26itool%3Drss Authors: Fiellin DA, Moore BA, Sullivan LE, Becker WC, Pantalon MV, Chawarski MC, Barry DT, O'Connor PG, Schottenfeld RS To examine long-term outcomes with primary care office-based buprenorphine/naloxone treatment, we followed 53 opioid-dependent patients who had already demonstrated six months of documented clinical stability for 2-5 years. Primary outcomes were retention, illicit drug use, dose, satisfaction, serum transaminases, and adverse events. Thirty-eight percent of enrolled subjects were retained for two years. Ninety-one percent of urine samples had no evidence of opioid use, and patient satisfaction was high. Serum transaminases remained stable from baseline. No serious adverse events related to treatment occurred. We conclude that select opioid-dependent patients exhibit ... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2237537 Sat, 01 Mar 2008 05:00:00 +0100 2237537 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2237536&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18393055%26dopt%3DAbstract%26itool%3Drss Authors: Potter JS, Prather K, Weiss RD Physical pain among persons seeking treatment for substance use disorders (SUD) and characteristics associated with pain were examined in a secondary analysis of data from the Drug Abuse Treatment Outcome Study (DATOS), a multi-site treatment outcome study. Patients (N = 7,876) in four treatment modalities - long-term residential (LTR), short-term inpatient (STI), outpatient methadone treatment (OMT), and outpatient drug-free (ODF) - reported severity of physical pain experienced during the preceding 12 months. Moderate to severe physical pain was reported by 21.2% of LTR patients, 26.8% of STI patients, 33.6% of OMT patients, and 17.6% of ODF patients. Individuals with and without physical pain were compared across treatment modalities. Patients... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2237536 Sat, 01 Mar 2008 05:00:00 +0100 2237536 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2237535&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18393056%26dopt%3DAbstract%26itool%3Drss This study explores gender differences in lifetime and recent substance use/internalizing behavior, childhood externalizing behavior, and gambling preferences among African-American youth gamblers. Data are from a prospective study of a community sample of 452 urban African-American youths who began at entry into first grade and were followed for ten years. Gambling was associated with high teacher ratings of childhood externalizing behaviors among males and with high parent ratings of childhood impulsivity and hyperactivity among both genders. Internalizing behavior was associated with female gambling. No male-female differences in substance use/lifetime conduct disorder among gamblers were noted. Gambling preferences/frequency differed across genders. PMID: 18393056 [PubMed - indexed... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2237535 Sat, 01 Mar 2008 05:00:00 +0100 2237535 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2237534&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18393057%26dopt%3DAbstract%26itool%3Drss In conclusion, we found that neighborhood socioeconomic status was not directly associated with more drug use when controlling for ethnicity or for personal network characteristics. Personal networks may mediate the relationships between neighborhood and drug use. Strategies to reduce polydrug use should target personal networks where friends use illicit drugs. PMID: 18393057 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: American Journal on Addictions) American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2237534 Sat, 01 Mar 2008 05:00:00 +0100 2237534 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2237533&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18393058%26dopt%3DAbstract%26itool%3Drss Authors: Barry DT, Fulgieri MD, Lavery ME, Chawarski MC, Najavits LM, Schottenfeld RS, Pantalon MV We assessed the attitudes of 18 research- and 22 community-based substance abuse clinicians on treatment manuals. Research and community clinicians exhibited favorable attitudes toward manuals, and the majority (72% and 77%, respectively) reported an interest in learning more about substance use disorder (SUD) treatment manuals. Among community clinicians, greater years of experience was significantly associated with less favorable attitudes toward treatment manuals. Research clinicians endorsed significantly higher ratings for the importance attached to "theoretical rationale/overview" and "main session points to address" than community clinicians. Findings suggest that community SUD cli... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2237533 Sat, 01 Mar 2008 05:00:00 +0100 2237533 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2237532&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18393059%26dopt%3DAbstract%26itool%3Drss This study assesses the impact on 24 medical residents of a 2.5-day curriculum combining experiential and manual-based training on screening for alcohol misuse and illicit drug use. A retrospective chart review of new primary care outpatients demonstrated that nearly all were asked about current alcohol use before and after curriculum participation. Adherence to national screening guidelines on quantification of alcohol consumption modestly improved (p < .05), as did inquiry about current illicit drug use (p < .05). Continued efforts are needed to enhance educational initiatives for primary care physicians. PMID: 18393059 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: American Journal on Addictions) American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2237532 Sat, 01 Mar 2008 05:00:00 +0100 2237532 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2237531&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18393060%26dopt%3DAbstract%26itool%3Drss Authors: Brook JS, Stimmel MA, Zhang C, Brook DW In this prospective longitudinal study, the authors investigated the association between marijuana use over a period of 13 years and subsequent health problems at age 27. A community sample of 749 participants from upstate New York was interviewed at mean ages of 14, 16, 22, and 27 years. Marijuana use over time was significantly associated with increased health problems by the late twenties, including respiratory problems, general malaise, neurocognitive problems, and lower academic achievement and functioning. Effective prevention and intervention programs should consider the wide range of adverse physiological and psychosocial outcomes associated with marijuana use over time. PMID: 18393060 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: ... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2237531 Sat, 01 Mar 2008 05:00:00 +0100 2237531 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2237530&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18393061%26dopt%3DAbstract%26itool%3Drss Authors: Levin FR, Kleber HD Marijuana is the most commonly used illicit drug in the United States and throughout the world. Despite this, the number of laboratory studies that have assessed pharmacologic agents to target cannabis withdrawal symptoms or reduce the reinforcing effects of marijuana has been modest. Unlike alcohol, cocaine, opiates, or nicotine, there has been a minimal number of clinical pharmacologic treatment trials that have targeted marijuana use. Based on recent laboratory studies, dronabinol (delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol) has been shown to reduce cannabis withdrawal symptoms and the subjective effects of marijuana. Given that agonist agents have been found to be effective for opiate and nicotine dependence, the clinical utility of dronabinol for cannabis dependence... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2237530 Sat, 01 Mar 2008 05:00:00 +0100 2237530 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2237529&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18393062%26dopt%3DAbstract%26itool%3Drss Authors: Meini M, Capovani B, Sbrana A, Massei GJ, Ravani L, Massimetti G, Daini L, Scaramelli D, Moncini M PMID: 18393062 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: American Journal on Addictions) American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2237529 Sat, 01 Mar 2008 05:00:00 +0100 2237529 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2237552&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18214717%26dopt%3DAbstract%26itool%3Drss Authors: Gitlow S, Willenbring ML PMID: 18214717 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: American Journal on Addictions) American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2237552 Tue, 01 Jan 2008 05:00:00 +0100 2237552 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2237551&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18214718%26dopt%3DAbstract%26itool%3Drss Authors: Schepis TS, Adinoff B, Rao U The purpose of this review is to summarize the neurobiological factors involved in the etiology of adolescent addiction and present evidence implicating various mechanisms in its development. Adolescents are at heightened risk for experimentation with substances, and early experimentation is associated with higher rates of SUD in adulthood. Both normative (e.g., immature frontal-limbic connections, immature frontal lobe development) and non-normative (e.g., lowered serotonergic function, abnormal hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis function) neurobiological developmental factors can predispose adolescents to a heightened risk for SUD. In addition, a normative imbalance in the adolescent neurobiological motivational system may be caused by the relat... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2237551 Tue, 01 Jan 2008 05:00:00 +0100 2237551 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2237550&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18214719%26dopt%3DAbstract%26itool%3Drss Authors: Glasner-Edwards S, Mooney LJ, Marinelli-Casey P, Hillhouse M, Ang A, Rawson R, The purpose of this study was to identify risk factors for suicide attempts (SA) in methamphetamine (MA)-dependent patients. MA-dependent adults (N = 526) who participated in the Methamphetamine Treatment Project were interviewed before and three years after treatment. Baseline psychiatric, medical, demographic, and substance use characteristics were assessed using the Addiction Severity Index and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). Lifetime history of SA was assessed at follow-up. Risk factors for SA included gender, intravenous MA use, BDI > 20 at baseline, and clinically significant psychiatric history. Psychiatric characteristics of MA users are strongly associated with SA, warranting caref... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2237550 Tue, 01 Jan 2008 05:00:00 +0100 2237550 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2237549&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18214720%26dopt%3DAbstract%26itool%3Drss This study gathered personal, psychosocial, and behavioral data from 450 HIV-negative, heterosexually identified, meth-using men and women. Significant differences were found between felons and non-felons in meth use patterns, contexts and reasons for use, involvement of social networks in meth use, and certain psychosocial and sexual risk variables. Our findings suggest that targeting meth use patterns and motivations, social networks, and sexual risk behaviors of meth-using felons may help to reduce HIV/AIDS transmission in and outside the prison system. PMID: 18214720 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: American Journal on Addictions) American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2237549 Tue, 01 Jan 2008 05:00:00 +0100 2237549 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2237548&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18214721%26dopt%3DAbstract%26itool%3Drss Authors: Sullivan MA, Birkmayer F, Boyarsky BK, Frances RJ, Fromson JA, Galanter M, Levin FR, Lewis C, Nace EP, Suchinsky RT, Tamerin JS, Tolliver B, Westermeyer J Coerced or involuntary treatment comprises an integral, often positive component of treatment for addictive disorders. By the same token, coercion in health care raises numerous ethical, clinical, legal, political, cultural, and philosophical issues. In order to apply coerced care effectively, health care professionals should appreciate the indications, methods, advantages, and liabilities associated with this important clinical modality. An expert panel, consisting of the Addiction Committee of the Group for the Advancement of Psychiatry, listed the issues to be considered by clinicians in considering coerced treatment. In ... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2237548 Tue, 01 Jan 2008 05:00:00 +0100 2237548 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2237547&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18214722%26dopt%3DAbstract%26itool%3Drss This study was designed to determine factors affecting adherence to Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) groups. This cohort involved 300 alcoholics committed to three hospitals in Porto Alegre, Brazil. They were interviewed again in their homes after six months. The SCID-I and a questionnaire focusing on patient relationship with AA groups were used. The responses obtained through the questionnaire were independently evaluated by two researchers. AA adherence was below 20%. The main factors reported by patients as reasons for non-adherence to AA were relapse, lack of identification with the method, lack of need, and lack of credibility. The factors reported by patients as reasons for adherence were identification with the method and a way to avoid relapse. Although AA is considered an effective inte... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2237547 Tue, 01 Jan 2008 05:00:00 +0100 2237547 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2237546&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18214723%26dopt%3DAbstract%26itool%3Drss Authors: Brook JS, Duan T, Zhang C, Cohen PR, Brook DW This longitudinal study examined the interrelationships between early and/or middle adolescent attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), middle adolescent conduct disorder (CD), and later adult smoking behavior. This is a prospective longitudinal study. Data were collected via structured interviews of representative families in the northeastern United States (N = 641). The mean ages of the offspring were as follows: 14 years (T2, 1983), 17 years (T3, 1985-1986), and 32 years (T6, 2002). The dependent variable was the participants' daily cigarette smoking in their early thirties. Logistic regression analyses indicated that the relationship between ADHD and daily smoking behavior was mediated by CD with control on gender, age,... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2237546 Tue, 01 Jan 2008 05:00:00 +0100 2237546 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2237545&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18214724%26dopt%3DAbstract%26itool%3Drss We examined the ability of the CSSA scores to capture Type B characteristics in cocaine dependence by analyzing a series of cocaine medication trials that included 255 cocaine-dependent subjects. High CSSA scores at baseline were associated with a history of violent behavior, a family history of substance abuse, antisocial personality disorder, higher addiction severity, and co-morbid psychiatric diseases. Patients with high CSSA scores are also more likely to meet criteria for Type B (Type II) cocaine dependence. Identifying Type B cocaine-dependent patients may help to develop targeted psychosocial or pharmacological treatments for these difficult-to-treat patients. PMID: 18214724 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: American Journal on Addictions) American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2237545 Tue, 01 Jan 2008 05:00:00 +0100 2237545 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2237544&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18214725%26dopt%3DAbstract%26itool%3Drss Authors: Haas AL, Sorensen JL, Hall SM, Lin C, Delucchi K, Sporer K, Chen T Little is known about cigarette smoking among opioid users who are not in substance abuse treatment. The study examined cigarette smoking in out-of-treatment opioid users presenting at a hospital who participated in drug abuse research. Participants exhibited a high rate of smoking (92%) at baseline that remained unchanged at one year and were moderately nicotine-dependent. Nineteen percent preferred unfiltered cigarettes. Women were more likely to smoke menthol cigarettes; men were more likely to smoke unfiltered cigarettes. Caucasians tended to smoke more than other ethnicities and exhibited greater dependence. Out-of-treatment drug users continue to be at high risk for continued smoking. PMID: 18214725 [... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2237544 Tue, 01 Jan 2008 05:00:00 +0100 2237544 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2237543&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18214726%26dopt%3DAbstract%26itool%3Drss Authors: Kranzler HR, Gage A In 2004, the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved acamprosate for use in conjunction with psychosocial support in the maintenance of abstinence in alcohol-dependent patients who are abstinent at treatment initiation. That approval was based primarily on a re-analysis of three European double-blind, placebo-controlled trials in which complete abstinence was the primary outcome measure. The current report presents data from the re-analysis of the pivotal trials, which were 13-, 48-, and 52-week studies. A total of 998 DSM-III-R alcohol-dependent patients were included in the studies, with the majority abstinent at randomization. Using a more stringent definition of abstinence, re-analysis of the rate of complete abstinence, percent days a... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2237543 Tue, 01 Jan 2008 05:00:00 +0100 2237543 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2237542&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18214727%26dopt%3DAbstract%26itool%3Drss Authors: Bowen R, Block G, Baetz M We compared women (n = 22) with alcohol dependence in an in-patient rehabilitation program at three weeks abstinence with student controls on mood scales and affect variability measured with a visual analogue scale. Patients also completed a measure of attention variability using a Continuous Performance Test. Fourteen of the patients met criteria for a bipolar spectrum disorder. Patients scored higher on mood scales and affect variability measures than controls. High and scared affect variability correlated with attention variability. This suggests that mood/cognitive dysregulation may be a component of alcohol dependence in women. PMID: 18214727 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: American Journal on Addictions) American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2237542 Tue, 01 Jan 2008 05:00:00 +0100 2237542 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2237561&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18058416%26dopt%3DAbstract%26itool%3Drss Authors: Higgins N, Zingman BS, Slish J, Reichman RC, Fischl MA, Gripshover B, Tooley K, Boston N, Forrest A, Brazeau D, Catanzaro LM, DiFrancesco R, Lliguicota F, Ma Q, Morse GD Substance use is highly prevalent in HIV-infected individuals in the United States, and clinical management is complicated by the need for antiretroviral treatment, addiction therapy, variable medication adherence, and co-morbidities. The interrelation between HIV and substance use prompted our investigation to examine substance use and self-reported medication adherence in patients receiving the HIV-1 protease inhibitors, atazanavir (ATV) or lopinavir (LPV). ATV and LPV pharmacokinetics were determined by measuring plasma concentrations in subjects with active substance use (SU group) or with no active substa... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2237561 Thu, 01 Nov 2007 04:00:00 +0100 2237561 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2237560&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18058417%26dopt%3DAbstract%26itool%3Drss Authors: Hubbard RL, Leimberger JD, Haynes L, Patkar AA, Holter J, Liepman MR, Lucas K, Tyson B, Day T, Thorpe EA, Faulkner B, Hasson A, The TELE study examined the feasibility and potential efficacy of phone calls to patients after discharge from short- term inpatient and residential substance abuse treatment programs to encourage compliance with continuing care plans. After review of their continuing care plans, 339 patients from four programs were randomized either to receive calls or to have no planned contact. Ninety-two percent of patients randomized to receive calls received at least one call. No difference was found between groups in self-reported attendance at one or more outpatient counseling sessions after discharge (p = .89). When program records of all participants were e... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2237560 Thu, 01 Nov 2007 04:00:00 +0100 2237560 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2237559&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18058418%26dopt%3DAbstract%26itool%3Drss This study examined the psychometric properties of the SIP in 57 outpatients diagnosed with substance use disorder and bipolar disorder. We modified the items to assess drugs in addition to alcohol and, further, we added corresponding items to assess consequences of bipolar disorder. This modified version of the SIP was psychometrically sound, and may be useful in patients with both disorders. A greater understanding of perceived negative consequences may enhance outcome assessment in dually diagnosed populations. PMID: 18058418 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: American Journal on Addictions) American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2237559 Thu, 01 Nov 2007 04:00:00 +0100 2237559 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2237558&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18058419%26dopt%3DAbstract%26itool%3Drss Authors: Campbell KM, Deck D, Krupski A Administrative data from Washington State's Division of Alcohol and Substance Abuse drive this three-year prospective study of the impact of substance abuse treatment on arrests among 12,962 opiate users receiving publicly funded substance abuse services. Using survival analysis, the risk of arrest among opiate users who receive substance abuse treatment is compared to those who do not receive treatment. Propensity scores control for client characteristics associated with admission to substance abuse treatment. Overall, a reduction in the risk of arrest was found among subjects in treatment (Hazard Ratio = 0.59-0.78, p < .05) and subjects successfully completing treatment (Hazard Ratio = 0.75, p < .05). Risk of arrest was elevated among tho... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2237558 Thu, 01 Nov 2007 04:00:00 +0100 2237558 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2237557&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18058420%26dopt%3DAbstract%26itool%3Drss The objective was to examine the perception of smoking-related health consequences and its relationship to pregnancy and intent to quit. Over a two-week period, pregnant and non-pregnant women, intending and not intending to quit smoking, rated the probability for smoking-related health consequences to occur, given continuing to smoke and quitting smoking. Pregnant women who did not intend to quit smoking exhibited the lowest estimated probability for the smoking-related health consequences to occur if they continued smoking. For all women, there was a statistically significant estimated effect of quitting smoking. Renewed attention needs to be given to perceptions of health risks of smoking, especially among pregnant women. PMID: 18058420 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Americ... American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2237557 Thu, 01 Nov 2007 04:00:00 +0100 2237557 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2237556&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18058421%26dopt%3DAbstract%26itool%3Drss Authors: Welsh C PMID: 18058421 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: American Journal on Addictions) American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2237556 Thu, 01 Nov 2007 04:00:00 +0100 2237556 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2237555&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18058422%26dopt%3DAbstract%26itool%3Drss Authors: Roozen HG, van de Wetering BJ PMID: 18058422 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: American Journal on Addictions) American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2237555 Thu, 01 Nov 2007 04:00:00 +0100 2237555 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2237554&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18058423%26dopt%3DAbstract%26itool%3Drss Authors: Kachroo S, Etzel CJ, Wilkinson AV PMID: 18058423 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: American Journal on Addictions) American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2237554 Thu, 01 Nov 2007 04:00:00 +0100 2237554 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2237553&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18058424%26dopt%3DAbstract%26itool%3Drss Authors: Benyamina A, Dublanchet O, Karila L, Blecha L, Reynaud M PMID: 18058424 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: American Journal on Addictions) American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2237553 Thu, 01 Nov 2007 04:00:00 +0100 2237553 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=192103&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ingentaconnect.com%2Fcontent%2Ftandf%2Fuaja%2F2006%2F00000015%2F00000005%2Fart00016 (Source: American Journal on Addictions) American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=192103 Fri, 15 Sep 2006 13:02:32 +0100 192103 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=192102&cid=s_17951_2_f&fid=17951&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ingentaconnect.com%2Fcontent%2Ftandf%2Fuaja%2F2006%2F00000015%2F00000005%2Fart00015 (Source: American Journal on Addictions) American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=192102 Fri, 15 Sep 2006 13:02:32 +0100 192102 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