MedWorm.com provides a medical RSS filtering service. Over 6000 RSS medical sources are combined and output via different filters. This feed contains the latest items from the 'Anaerobe' source. Mon, 06 Feb 2012 21:32:04 +0100 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5619605&cid=s_34508_77_f&fid=34508&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22252100%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Okuda T, Okuda K, Kokubu E, Kawana T, Saito A, Ishihara K Abstract The formation of dental plaque biofilm by specific Gram-negative rods and spirochetes plays an important role in the development of periodontal disease. The aim of this study was to characterize biofilm formation by Fusobacterium nucleatum and Capnocytophaga ochracea. Coaggregation between F. nucleatum and Capnocytophaga species was determined by visual assay. Biofilm formation was assessed by crystal violet staining. Enhancement of biofilm formation by F. nucleatum via soluble factor of C. ochracea was evaluated by addition of culture supernatant and a two-compartment separated co-culture system. Production of autoinducer-2 by the tested organisms was evaluated using Vibrio harveyi BB170. F. nucleatum ... Anaerobe journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5619605 Wed, 11 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5619605 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5619604&cid=s_34508_77_f&fid=34508&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22261518%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Treviño M, Areses P, Dolores Peñalver M, Cortizo S, Pardo F, Luisa Pérez Del Molino M, García-Riestra C, Hernández M, Llovo J, Regueiro BJ Abstract Susceptibility testing of clinical isolates of anaerobic bacteria is not considered, often, mandatory in routine clinical practice and the treatments are empirically established. Thus, periodic monitoring of the susceptibility patterns of anaerobic bacteria is advisable. The aim of this study was to update on resistance of Bacteroides fragilis group in our Institution with special attention to carbapenems reporting metallo-beta-lactamase producing strains for the first time in Spain, and to compare fingerprinting analysis results obtained by using automated rep-PCR (DiversiLab System) and MALDI-TOF MS. A total of 830 non-d... Anaerobe journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5619604 Wed, 11 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5619604 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5619603&cid=s_34508_77_f&fid=34508&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22261519%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Espeche MC, Pellegrino M, Frola I, Larriestra A, Bogni C, Nader-Macías ME Abstract Bovine mastitis produces a wide variety of problems in the dairy farm. The treatment of this disease is based on the use of antibiotics which are not always effective. These drugs are also responsible for the presence of residues in the milk and the increase of antibiotic-resistant strains. Probiotic products were proposed as a valid alternative to antibiotic therapies and are also useful for the prevention of infectious syndromes. With the aim of designing a probiotic product to prevent bovine mastitis, lactic acid bacteria (LAB) were isolated from foremilk samples from different dairy farms in Córdoba-Argentina. One hundred and seventeen LAB were isolated and their beneficial characteris... Anaerobe journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5619603 Tue, 10 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5619603 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5577573&cid=s_34508_77_f&fid=34508&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22209937%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Bartlett JG Abstract Anaerobic bacteria are relatively frequent pathogens in pulmonary infections that are associated with aspiration and its associated complications including aspiration pneumonitis, lung abscess, necrotizing pneumonia and empyema. These conditions have been studied since the early 1900's and substantial data with important clinical and microbiologic information are now readily available. However, the reports of these infections in the past 20 years have been sparse in number and much of the previous information relevant to this topic seems much less visible or apparent. The purpose of this report is to summarize the previous data and to celebrate the enormous contributions of Dr. Sydney Finegold to this topic. PMID: 22209937 [PubMed - as supplied by... Anaerobe journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5577573 Tue, 27 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5577573 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5577572&cid=s_34508_77_f&fid=34508&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22209938%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Paredes-Sabja D, Sarker MR Abstract Clostridium perfringens is the causative agent of a variety of histotoxic infections in humans and animals. Studies on the early events of C. perfringens infections have been largely focused on the interactions between their vegetative cells and macrophages. Consequently, in the current study we have examined the interactions between C. perfringens spores and Raw 264.7 macrophages. Raw 264.7 cells were able to interact and phagocytose Clostridium perfringens spores of a food poisoning isolate, strain SM101, and a non-food borne isolate, strain F4969, albeit to different extents. Phagocytosis and to a lesser extent, association, of C. perfringens spores by Raw 2647 macrophages was completely inhibited in presence of cytochalasin D. Com... Anaerobe journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5577572 Sat, 24 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5577572 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5577575&cid=s_34508_77_f&fid=34508&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22202440%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Finegold SM, Downes J, Summanen PH Abstract This manuscript summarizes some of our earlier work on the microbiology of autism subjects' stool specimens, as compared with stools from control subjects. Our most recent data indicating that Desulfovibrio may play an important role in regressive autism is also presented. In addition, we present information on antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of Desulfovibrio using the CLSI agar dilution susceptibility technique. In addition, we summarize data from our earlier studies showing the impact of various antimicrobial agents on the indigenous bowel flora. This shows that penicillins and cephalosporins, as well as clindamycin, have a major impact on the normal bowel flora and therefore might well predispose subjects to overgrowth o... Anaerobe journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5577575 Thu, 22 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5577575 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5577574&cid=s_34508_77_f&fid=34508&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22202441%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Sabbaj J PMID: 22202441 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Anaerobe) Anaerobe journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5577574 Thu, 22 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5577574 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5546531&cid=s_34508_77_f&fid=34508&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22197952%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Rodloff AC, Krüger M Abstract Although botulism is usually an acute, often lethal disease that is caused by the ingestion of botulinum neurotoxin, there are also recognized forms like infant botulism, wound botulism, or "botulism of undefined origin" that are characterized by the fact that Clostridium botulinum colonizes the host and produces its toxin in the host. Evidence is presented here that a disease in cattle and in human care takers of diseased animals that has evolved over the past two decades, may be a chronic, visceral form of C.botulinum infection. PMID: 22197952 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Anaerobe) Anaerobe journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5546531 Thu, 22 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5546531 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5546528&cid=s_34508_77_f&fid=34508&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22200452%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Krüger M, Große-Herrenthey A, Schrödl W, Gerlach A, Rodloff A Abstract From 41 dairy farms in Schleswig Holstein, Germany, 196 fecal specimens of diseased cows, 77 fecal specimens of farmers and family members from 26 of these farms, 35 animal feed specimens and 7 house dust specimens were investigated for Clostridiumbotulinum and its antigens, respectively. Four of the humans under study (one child, 8 month, and three adults) showed symptoms of infant/visceral botulism. Specimens were cultivated in reinforced clostridial medium (RCM). C. botulinum antigens were detected by ELISA. The aim of the study was to obtain information on the relationship of detected C. botulinum toxin-types in cows, in the feces of attending humans, and in the immediate environment. The resul... Anaerobe journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5546528 Wed, 21 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5546528 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5546532&cid=s_34508_77_f&fid=34508&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22197951%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Brook I Abstract Anaerobes are the predominant components of oropharyngeal mucous membranes bacterial flora, and are therefore a common cause of bacterial infections of endogenous origin of upper respiratory tract and head and neck. This review summarizes the aerobic and anaerobic microbiology and antimicrobials therapy of these infections. These include acute and chronic otitis media, mastoiditis and sinusitis, pharyngo-tonsillitis, peritonsillar, retropharyngeal and parapharyngeal abscesses, suppurative thyroiditis, cervical lymphadenitis, parotitis, siliadenitis, and deep neck infections including Lemierre Syndrome. The recovery from these infections depends on prompt and proper medical and when indicated also surgical management. PMID: 22197951 [PubMed - as supplie... Anaerobe journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5546532 Tue, 20 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5546532 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5546529&cid=s_34508_77_f&fid=34508&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22200451%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Lee KW, Park JY, Jeong HR, Her HJ, Han NS, Kim JH Abstract Three Weissellaconfusa and five Weissellacibaria strains were previously isolated from human faeces and their potential as probiotics was examined in this work. Resistance to low pHs (pH 2.0 and 3.0) and 0.3% bile salt were examined. Enzyme activities, susceptibilities to heat treatment and various antibiotics, and adhesion capacities to Caco-2 cells were also examined. All Weissella strains were killed when exposed to pH 2.0 for 2 h but survived at pH 3.0 with different survival ratios. W. confusa 31 survived best (20.2%) and W. confusa 31 was also quite resistant against 0.3% bile salt (128.8%). All strains except one grew well at temperature between 15 and 45 °C and all strains grew in the presence of 6.5% ... Anaerobe journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5546529 Mon, 19 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5546529 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5546535&cid=s_34508_77_f&fid=34508&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22193552%26dopt%3DAbstract This study demonstrates that both carbohydrate source and pH affect methane and SCFA production patterns, and the microbial community composition in rumen fluid. PMID: 22193552 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Anaerobe) Anaerobe journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5546535 Fri, 16 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5546535 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5546533&cid=s_34508_77_f&fid=34508&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22193554%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Santos SG, Diniz CG, Silva VL, Lima FL, Andrade HM, Chapeaurouge DA, Perales JE, Serufo JC, Carvalho MA, Farias LM Abstract Prevotella intermedia is a rod-shaped, Gram-negative anaerobic bacterium found in human indigenous microbiota that plays an important role in opportunistic infections. The successful colonization depends on the ability of anaerobes to respond to oxidative stress (OS) in oxygenated tissues as well as to resist oxidative events from the host immune system until anaerobic conditions are present at the infection site. As knowledge of the mechanisms of protection against OS in Prevotella is limited, studies are needed to clarify aspects of molecular biology, physiology and ecology of this bacterium. The aim of this study was to access the proteins differen... Anaerobe journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5546533 Fri, 16 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5546533 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5546530&cid=s_34508_77_f&fid=34508&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22197966%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Bhat MA, Wani SA, Hussain I, Magray SN, Muzafar M Abstract The present study records the strain-specific molecular typing system for Dichelobacter nodosus (D. nodosus) based on genetic analysis of fimA locus. Based on the study two new serotypes B5 and B6 are reported within the serogroup B. Out of 200 swab samples collected randomly from foot lesions of footrot affected sheep from all the districts of Kashmir, India, 122 (61.0%) detected positive for D. nodosus. Serogroup B was predominantly prevalent in 83.60% of positive samples. Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplified fimA gene of D. nodosus serogroup B revealed only two fingerprint patterns (FP) designated as FP1 and FP2. The FP1 was most prevalent and depicted b... Anaerobe journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5546530 Fri, 16 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5546530 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5546534&cid=s_34508_77_f&fid=34508&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22193553%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Nakamura S, Kuda T, An C, Kanno T, Takahashi H, Kimura B Abstract Listeria monocytogenes causes listeriosis in humans mainly through consumption of ready-to-eat foods. Immunocompromised persons, the elderly, and pregnant women and their fetuses or newborns are at highest risk for the infection. To isolate probiotic lactic acid bacteria (LAB) with inhibitory effects against L. monocytogenes, we screened for acid and bile resistant LABs from narezushi, a traditional salted and long-fermented fish with cooked rice. Then, inhibitory effects of the selected LABs on L. monocytogenes invasion and infection of human enterocyte Caco-2 cells and Listeria-susceptible A/J mice were determined. From a total of 231 LAB isolates, we selected five acid and bile resistant isolates (four ... Anaerobe journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5546534 Tue, 13 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5546534 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5530976&cid=s_34508_77_f&fid=34508&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22182443%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, the azoreductase gene was identified in Clostridium perfringens, a pathogen that is commonly found in the human intestinal tract. C. perfringens shows high azoreductase activity, especially in the presence of the common dye Direct Blue 15. A gene that encodes for a flavoprotein was isolated and expressed in Escherichia coli, and further purified and tested for azoreductase activity. The azoreductase (known as AzoC) was characterized by enzymatic reaction assays using different dyes. AzoC activity was highest in the presence of two cofactors, NADH and FAD. A strong cofactor effect was shown with some dyes, as dye reduction occurred without the presence of the AzoC (cofactors alone). AzoC was shown to perform best at a pH of 9, at room temperature, and in an anaerobic environ... Anaerobe journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5530976 Tue, 13 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5530976 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5530975&cid=s_34508_77_f&fid=34508&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22185696%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Puhl NJ, Uwiera RR, Jay Yanke L, Brent Selinger L, Douglas Inglis G Abstract The influence of three antibiotics (bacitracin, enrofloxacin, and neomycin sulfate) on the mucosa-associated enteric microbiota and the intestines of mice was examined. Antibiotics caused conspicuous enlargement of ceca and an increase in overall length of the intestine. However, there were no pathologic changes associated with increased cecal size or length of the intestine. Conspicuous reductions in the richness of mucosa-associated bacteria and changes to community profiles within the small (duodenum, proximal jejunum, middle jejunum, distal jejunum, and ileum) and large (cecum, ascending colon, and descending colon) intestine occurred in mice administered antibiotics. Communities in antibiotic... Anaerobe journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5530975 Tue, 13 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5530975 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5530978&cid=s_34508_77_f&fid=34508&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22178571%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, intestinal loops were performed in the ileum and colon of three one-week-old Holstein and two four-week-old crossbreed calves. Laparotomy was performed in all calves under anaesthesia and four loops -three cm long- were performed in the small and large intestines. For both intestines, loops were inoculated with alpha or epsilon toxins. Tissue samples from all loops were obtained and processed for routine histology and for transmission electron microscopy. Congestion was observed in toxin treated loops. Fluid accumulation in the gut lumen was prominent in all treated loops, but in epsilon treated ones the mucous was also haemorrhagic. The histology revealed large amount of exfoliated epithelial cells in the lumen of alpha toxin treated loops and severe haemorrhage was observe... Anaerobe journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5530978 Sun, 11 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5530978 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5530977&cid=s_34508_77_f&fid=34508&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22178572%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Katona P Abstract The clinical effects of Clostridium botulinum and its extremely potent neurotoxin have been known for two centuries. The disease threat and the clinical uses are now well established. What's changed is the potential for botulinum neurotoxin to be used as a biological threat agent. The recent upsurge of illegal trafficking of reagent-grade toxin could, if bought in large enough quantities, be as serious a threat as other biothreat agents such as anthrax and smallpox, which have received much more attention. Fortunately, effective countermeasures are available. PMID: 22178572 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Anaerobe) Anaerobe journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5530977 Sun, 11 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5530977 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5530979&cid=s_34508_77_f&fid=34508&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22178538%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Citron DM, Tyrrell KL, Goldstein EJ Abstract Two groups of previously undescribed anaerobic, gram-positive cocci recovered from human clinical infections were characterized using phenotypic and molecular genotypic methods. Comparative genotypic analysis showed that the strains within each of these two groups were homogeneous within the group and that each group was unique within the genus Peptoniphilus. The first group is most closely related to Peptoniphilus ivorii and the second group to Peptoniphilus harei. Based on these findings we propose two novel species, Peptoniphilus coxii sp. nov. and Peptoniphilus tyrrelliae sp. nov. The type strains are P.coxii sp. nov., RMA 16757(T) (= JCM 16892(T) = CCUG 59622(T) = ATCC BAA-2106(T)) and P.tyrrelliae sp. nov., RMA 19911(T... Anaerobe journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5530979 Thu, 08 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5530979 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5510984&cid=s_34508_77_f&fid=34508&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22155447%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, R. peoriensis was isolated from the feces of one set of twin premature neonates. It suggests that this anaerobic bacillus may be a commensal bacterium of human gut. PMID: 22155447 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Anaerobe) Anaerobe journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5510984 Sat, 03 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5510984 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5510985&cid=s_34508_77_f&fid=34508&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22155131%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Rashid MU, Weintraub A, Nord CE Abstract The human normal microflora is relatively stable at each ecological habitat under normal circumstances and acts as a barrier against colonization by potentially pathogenic microorganisms and against overgrowth of already present opportunistic microorganisms. Administration of antimicrobial agents causes disturbances in the ecological balance between the host and the normal microflora. The risk of emergence and spread of resistant strains between patients and dissemination of resistant determinants between microorganisms is reduced if colonization resistance is not disturbed by antimicrobial agents. In this article, the potential ecological effects of administration of new antimicrobial agents on the intestinal and oropharyngeal micr... Anaerobe journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5510985 Fri, 02 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5510985 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5510986&cid=s_34508_77_f&fid=34508&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22138361%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Odamaki T, Sugahara H, Yonezawa S, Yaeshima T, Iwatsuki K, Tanabe S, Tominaga T, Togashi H, Benno Y, Xiao JZ Abstract Enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis (ETBF) strains have been suggested to be associated with acute and persistent diarrheal disease, inflammatory bowel disease and colorectal cancer, although further epidemiological studies are needed for clarification. Here, a pilot study was performed to examine the effect of the oral administration of yogurt supplemented with a probiotic strain on the cell numbers of fecal ETBF in a healthy population. Among 420 healthy adults, 38 subjects were found to be ETBF carriers, giving a prevalence of approximately 9%. Among them, 32 subjects were enrolled in an open, randomized, parallel-group study to ingest yogurt supplement... Anaerobe journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5510986 Sat, 26 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5510986 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5473827&cid=s_34508_77_f&fid=34508&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22126976%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Carasi P, Trejo FM, Pérez PF, De Antoni GL, Serradell MD Abstract In this work, the ability of S-layer proteins from kefir-isolated Lactobacillus kefir strains to antagonize the cytophatic effects of toxins from Clostridium difficile (TcdA and TcdB) on eukaryotic cells in vitro was tested by cell detachment assay. S-layer proteins from eight different L. kefir strains were able to inhibit the damage induced by C. difficile spent culture supernatant to Vero cells. Besides, same protective effect was observed by F-actin network staining. S-layer proteins from aggregating L. kefir strains (CIDCA 83115, 8321, 8345 and 8348) showed a higher inhibitory ability than those belonging to non-aggregating ones (CIDCA 83111, 83113, JCM 5818 and ATCC 8007), suggesting that differences ... Anaerobe journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5473827 Tue, 22 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5473827 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5473829&cid=s_34508_77_f&fid=34508&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22120198%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Stevens DL, Aldape MJ, Bryant AE Abstract Life-threatening soft tissue infections caused by Clostridium species have been described in the medical literature for hundreds of years largely because of their fulminant nature, distinctive clinical presentations and complex management issues. The Clostridium species perfringens, septicum and histolyticum are the principal causes of trauma-associated gas gangrene and their incidence increases dramatically in times of war, hurricanes, earthquakes and other mass casualty conditions. Recently, there has also been an increased incidence of spontaneous gas gangrene caused by Clostridium septicum in association with gastrointestinal abnormalities and neutropenia. Similarly, over the last 15 years there has been increased recognition o... Anaerobe journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5473829 Sun, 20 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5473829 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5473828&cid=s_34508_77_f&fid=34508&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22123075%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Citron DM Abstract Use of molecular techniques to characterize microorganisms during the past 20 years has increased the numbers of anaerobic species and made identification using only phenotypic methods difficult. Some of the newly described species have been recovered from blood cultures, showing pathogenic potential, and posing a challenge for identification. PMID: 22123075 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Anaerobe) Anaerobe journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5473828 Sun, 20 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5473828 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5438605&cid=s_34508_77_f&fid=34508&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22100486%26dopt%3DAbstract The objective of this study was to determine the impact of P. gingivalis hemagglutinin A (HagA) on the attachment to and invasion of human coronary artery endothelial cells (HCAEC) and gingival epithelial cells (GEC). Bacterial strains expressing the HagA protein (or subunits), including Escherichia coli carrying plasmid pEKS5, E. coli carrying plasmid ST2, and Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium with plasmid pNM1.1 were used in this study. The strains were tested for their ability to attach to and invade HCAEC and GEC using antibiotic protection assays. In addition, the unique 5' N-terminal non-repeated segment of HagA was purified in recombinant form and a monoclonal antibody was created against the polypeptide. The monoclonal antibody against the unique portion of HagA was tested fo... Anaerobe journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5438605 Fri, 11 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5438605 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5417745&cid=s_34508_77_f&fid=34508&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22063500%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Toprak NU, Uzunkaya OD, Sóki J, Soyletir G Abstract Sixty-six nonduplicate Bacteroides clinical isolates collected at Marmara University Hospital were tested to investigate carbapenem and metronidazole resistance profiles and to detect the resistance genes (cfiA and nim) and related insertion sequence (IS) elements. The study found that there were no strains resistant to metronidazole and nim genes were not detected in any of the strains. Five Bacteroidesfragilis strains were resistant to meropenem, one of which was also resistant to imipenem. The cfiA gene was detected in 27% of strains, 32% of strains had the IS1187 element, and five strains harbored both gene cfiA and IS1187. These results indicate higher rates of carriage of the cfiA gene and IS1187 insertion elements... Anaerobe journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5417745 Mon, 31 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5417745 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5360343&cid=s_34508_77_f&fid=34508&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22019980%26dopt%3DAbstract Rheumatoid arthritis and periodontitis: A possible link by "citation" Anaerobe. 2011 Oct 17; Authors: Rosenstein ED, Scher JU, Bretz WA, Weissmann G PMID: 22019980 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Anaerobe) Anaerobe journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5360343 Mon, 17 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5360343 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5360342&cid=s_34508_77_f&fid=34508&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22019986%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Coursodon CF, Glock RD, Moore KL, Cooper KK, Songer JG Abstract Clostridium perfringens type A and type C are causative agents of necrotic enteritis (NE) in poultry. TpeL, a recently-described novel member of the family of large clostridial cytotoxins, was found in C. perfringens type C. Others have since reported TpeL in type A isolates from NE outbreaks, suggesting that it may contribute to the pathogenesis of NE. The virulence of TpeL-positive and -negative C. perfringens strains from cases of NE was examined by challenge of broiler chicks. Gross lesions typical of NE were observed in all challenged birds, and those inoculated with TpeL(pos) strains had higher average macroscopic lesion scores than those inoculated with a TpeL(neg) strain. Infection with TpeL(pos) str... Anaerobe journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5360342 Mon, 17 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5360342 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5360341&cid=s_34508_77_f&fid=34508&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22019987%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, a total of 29 Propionibacterium spp. were isolated from traditional home-made Turkish cheese samples. As a result of the identification, isolates were identified as Propionibacterium freudenreichii subsp. freudenreichii (15 strains), Propionibacterium jensenii (12), and Propionibacterium thoenii (2). All isolates and 5 reference strains were examined for their abilities to survive at pH 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, 5.0 and in the presence of 0.06, 0.15 and 0.30% bile salts, their influence on the growth of food-borne and spoilage bacteria, as well as their sensitivity against 11 selected antibiotics. Only seven propionibacteria strains survived in both the acidic and bile salt environments. Propionibacterium spp. strains strongly inhibited growth of the Escherichia coli ATCC 11229 and Shi... Anaerobe journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5360341 Fri, 14 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5360341 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5360345&cid=s_34508_77_f&fid=34508&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21983108%26dopt%3DAbstract This study was conducted to isolate psychrotrophic lactic acid bacteria (LAB) from chicken carcasses with inhibitory activity against strains of Salmonella spp. and Listeria monocytogenes. A total of 100 broiler samples were examined for the presence of LAB. Ninety-two LAB isolates that showed antimicrobial effects against Salmonella spp. and L. monocytogenes were further analysed to examine their LAB (Gram-positive, catalase negative, oxidase negative) and psychrotrophic characteristics (ability to grow at 7 °C). Fifty isolates were further selected and identified initially using standard biochemical tests in miniature (Micro-kits API CH 50) and then by sequencing of the 16s-23s rRNA gene boundary region (Intergenic Spacer Region). By molecular identification, these isolates were class... Anaerobe journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5360345 Sat, 01 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5360345 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5360344&cid=s_34508_77_f&fid=34508&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21986032%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Bunešová V, Domig KJ, Killer J, Vlková E, Kopečný J, Mrázek J, Ročková S, Rada V Abstract In our previous experiment, the ten calves originated bifidobacterial strains were administered to calves and re-isolated. Fingerprinting techniques used in this study enabled us to distinguish the surviving and non-surviving strains. Only the species Bifidobacterium animalis ssp. animalis and Bifidobacterium longum ssp. suis were found to survive in the intestine. PMID: 21986032 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Anaerobe) Anaerobe journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5360344 Sat, 01 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5360344 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5275562&cid=s_34508_77_f&fid=34508&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21723404%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Senhorinho GN, Nakano V, Liu C, Song Y, Finegold SM, Avila-Campos MJ Abstract A rapid PCR approach was developed to detect Porphyromonas gulae strains from subgingival samples of dogs with and with periodontitis. The presence of P. gulae was observed in 92% and 56%, respectively, in dogs with and without periodontitis. The new primer pair was specific to detect this microorganism, and this technique could be used to evaluate a correlation between periodontitis and P. gulae in companion animals. PMID: 21723404 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Anaerobe) Anaerobe journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5275562 Sat, 01 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5275562 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5275561&cid=s_34508_77_f&fid=34508&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21726656%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Walk ST, Jain R, Trivedi I, Grossman S, Newton DW, Thelen T, Hao Y, Songer JG, Carter GP, Lyras D, Young VB, Aronoff DM Abstract Toxigenic Clostridium sordellii strains are increasingly recognized to cause highly lethal infections in humans that are typified by a toxic shock syndrome (TSS). Two glucosylating toxins, lethal toxin (TcsL) and hemorrhagic toxin (TcsH) are believed to be important in the pathogenesis of TSS. While non-toxigenic strains of C. sordellii demonstrate reduced cytotoxicity in vitro and lower virulence in animal models of infection, there are few data regarding their behavior in humans. Here we report a non-TSS C. sordellii infection in the context of a polymicrobial bacterial cholangitis. The C. sordellii strain associated with this infection did... Anaerobe journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5275561 Sat, 01 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5275561 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5275558&cid=s_34508_77_f&fid=34508&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21945821%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, we identified a chromosomal citCDEFX-mae-citS operon in C. perfringens strain 13, which is transcribed on three mRNAs of different sizes. Expression of the cit operon was significantly induced when 5 mM extracellular citrate was added to the growth medium. Most interestingly, three regulatory systems were found to be involved in the regulation of the expression of cit genes: 1) the two upstream divergent genes citG and citI; 2) two different two-component regulatory systems, CitA/CitB (TCS6 consisted of CPE0531/CPE0532) and TCS5 (CPE0518/CPE0519); and 3) the global two-component VirR/VirS-VR-RNA regulatory system known to regulate various genes for toxins and degradative enzymes. Our results suggest that in C. perfringens the citrate metabolism might be strictly controlled ... Anaerobe journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5275558 Wed, 21 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5275558 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5275559&cid=s_34508_77_f&fid=34508&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21945879%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Okuda T, Kokubu E, Kawana T, Saito A, Okuda K, Ishihara K Abstract The formation of biofilm by anaerobic, Gram-negative bacteria in the subgingival crevice plays an important role in the development of chronic periodontitis. The aim of this study was to characterize the role of coaggregation between Fusobacterium nucleatum and Prevotella species in biofilm formation. Coaggregation between F. nucleatum and Prevotella species was determined by visual assay. Effect of co-culture of the species on biofilm formation was assessed by crystal violet staining. Effect of soluble factor on biofilm formation was also examined using culture supernatant and two-compartment co-culture separated by a porous membrane. Production of autoinducer-2 (AI-2) by the organisms was evaluated using... Anaerobe journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5275559 Fri, 16 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5275559 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5275560&cid=s_34508_77_f&fid=34508&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21939778%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Mielcarek C, Romond PC, Romond MB, Bezirtzoglou E Abstract Massive resection of the small intestine in infants is imposed to the regulation of several intestinal pathological situations, as intestinal adaptation cannot be relied upon. Many nutritional disturbances are occurring following surgery procedure. In this vein, long-term parenteral feeding is adopt to improve prognosis not always successfully. Clostridia and more specifically Clostridium perfringens, are suspected to participate in the physiopathology of the rising situation. In order to investigate the effect of lactose and human milk neutral oligosaccharides (HMNOs) on Clostridia, germfree mice were inoculated either with enterotoxigenic C.perfringens strain isolated from a patient with NEC, or with a human micr... Anaerobe journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5275560 Wed, 14 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5275560 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5244893&cid=s_34508_77_f&fid=34508&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21924371%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, some LMWPs derived from agar and alginate bearing seaweeds were fermented by gut bacteria and exhibited potential to be used a novel source of prebiotics. PMID: 21924371 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Anaerobe) Anaerobe journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5244893 Sat, 10 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5244893 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5244892&cid=s_34508_77_f&fid=34508&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21924372%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Nishio J, Higashi J, Takahashi M, Ando T, Hasegawa T, Igarashi T Abstract To establish a rapid and species-specific detection and identification method of Streptococcus ratti by polymerase chain reaction, two PCR primer pairs specific to S. ratti were designed on the basis of the nucleotide sequence of the dextranase gene (dex) of S. ratti ATCC19645(T). The primer pairs specifically detected S. ratti, but none of the other mutans streptococci (16 strains of 6 species). The PCR procedure was capable of detecting 1 pg of genomic DNA purified from S. ratti ATCC19645. We developed the Streptococcus mutans-, Streptococcus sobrinus-, Streptococcus downei- and Streptococcus salivarius-specific PCR methods (the dex PCR methods) with the primer pairs specific for a portion of ... Anaerobe journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5244892 Thu, 08 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5244892 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5227433&cid=s_34508_77_f&fid=34508&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21911069%26dopt%3DAbstract We report here a rare case of infection caused by Propionibacterium acnes following trauma surgery: a 36-year-old male, accident victim was admitted to the hospital because of polytrauma. He underwent a long-drawn-out surgical intervention and after a free-muscle transfer using the rectus femoris muscle, signs of inflammation were detected in the affected area. Microbiological examination of the wound revealed the presence of P. acnes as the only etiological agent of this infection. Adequate antibiotic treatment with penicillin had been started right after the positive microbiological result. Our data confirm the pathogenic potential of P. acnes in late post-surgical infections, and suggest a proper therapeutic approach with intravenous antibiotics and surgical removal of the infected ti... Anaerobe journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5227433 Thu, 08 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5227433 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5216769&cid=s_34508_77_f&fid=34508&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21906691%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Chang YC, Tsai CY, Lin CF, Wang YC, Wang IK, Chung TC Abstract To investigate the frequency of tetracycline resistance (Tet-R) lactobacilli in pig intestines, a total of 256 pig colons were analyzed and found to contain typical colonies of Tet-R lactic acid bacteria in every sample, ranging from 3.2 × 10(3) to 6.6 × 10(5) CFU/cm(2). From these samples, a total of 159 isolates of Tet-R lactobacilli were obtained and identified as belonging to 11 species, including Lactobacillusreuteri, Lactobacillusamylovorus, Lactobacillussalivarius, Lactobacillusplantarum, Lactobacillusruminis, Lactobacilluskefiri, Lactobacillusfermentum, Lactobacillussakei, Lactobacilluscoryniformis, Lactobacillusparabuchneri and Lactobacillusletivazi. Based on the EFSA (2008) breakpoints, all iso... Anaerobe journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5216769 Sun, 28 Aug 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5216769 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5192364&cid=s_34508_77_f&fid=34508&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21875680%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Xu R, Shang N, Li P Abstract The aim of the study was to purify the exopolysaccharides (EPS) produced from Bifidobacterium animalis RH, which was isolated from the feces of Bama centenarians in Guangxi of China, and evaluate their antioxidant activities in vitro and in vivo. 2 fractions, a neutral EPS fraction (EPSa) and an acidic EPS fraction (EPSb), were obtained and compared for antioxidative activity. In vitro, they both showed remarkable inhibition effect on lipid peroxidation and strong DPPH radical scavenging activity, hydroxyl radical scavenging activity, superoxide radical scavenging activity, in which the last two were measured by the electron spin resonance (ESR). In vivo, EPSa and EPSb were orally administrated for 30 days in a d-galactose induced aged mice... Anaerobe journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5192364 Tue, 23 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5192364 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5192365&cid=s_34508_77_f&fid=34508&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21871575%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, onset of symptoms was related with extreme imbalance of the ileal flora. Supplementation with bifidobacterial compounds that were well tolerated in two patients could be of interest in children with recurrent symptoms. PMID: 21871575 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Anaerobe) Anaerobe journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5192365 Wed, 17 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5192365 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5140787&cid=s_34508_77_f&fid=34508&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21846506%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Jara S, Sánchez M, Vera R, Cofré JV, Castro E Abstract Milk acts as a mean for transporting many essential substances from the mother to the child. In human beings, milk includes several predominant bacteria, such as staphylococci, streptococci, micrococci, lactobacilli, enterococci, lactococci and bifidobacteria. Besides, its intake favors the predominance of bifidobacteria and lactobacilli in the child's intestinal microbiota. The present work explores the isolation and selection of lactobacilli strains with probiotic potential, focusing in their degree of hydrophobicity and antagonism against important gastrointestinal nosocomial pathogens. 98 lactobacilli were isolated from 48 breast milk samples, with most strains belonging to the obligately homofermentative group (... Anaerobe journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5140787 Tue, 09 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5140787 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5140788&cid=s_34508_77_f&fid=34508&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21839845%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Rockova S, Rada V, Marsik P, Vlkova E, Bunesova V, Sklenar J, Splichal I Abstract For healthy infants, which were born normally and fully breastfed, the dominant component of the intestinal microflora are bifidobacteria. However, infants born by caesarean section possess clostridia as a dominant intestinal bacterial group. The aim of the present study was to determine whether bifidobacteria and clostridia are able to grow on human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) and other carbon sources - lactose, cow milk (CM) and human milk (HM). Both bifidobacteria and clostridia grew on lactose and in CM. Bifidobacteria grew in HM and on HMOs. In contrast, 3 out of 5 strains of clostridia were not able to grow in HM. No clostridial strain was able to utilise HMOs. While both bifidobacteri... Anaerobe journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5140788 Thu, 04 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5140788 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5140790&cid=s_34508_77_f&fid=34508&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21827865%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Bahador N, Baserisalehi M Abstract The family of Enterobacteriaceae is a major group of gram negative bacteria, some of these microorganisms are pathogen and could cause disease mainly gastroenteritis. Recently, due to drug resistant nature of these bacteria specially in developing countries treatment of the patient considered as important investigate. Quercus castaneifolia is a native plant of Yasuj province in Iran, which the people who living in this area consume the fruit of this plant for treatment of enteric disease. Hence, the present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of fruit of Q. castaneifolia extract on pathogenic enteric bacteria viz., E. coli, Salmonella typhimurium, Shigella dysenteriae and Yersinia enterocolitica. Antimicrobial susceptibility and ... Anaerobe journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5140790 Mon, 01 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5140790 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5140789&cid=s_34508_77_f&fid=34508&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21839182%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Voidarou C, Tzora A, Malamou O, Akrida-Demertzi K, Demertzis PG, Vassos D, Rozos G, Alexopoulos A, Plessas S, Stavropoulou E, Skoufou M, Bezirtzoglou E, Riganakos G Abstract The artisan production of a variety of dairy products is a historical tradition since antiquity, which is still practiced nowadays, in the area of Epirus, (northwestern Greece). The common denominator of these products, regardless of the final form of the end product, is the fermentation of raw milk by the use of dried artisan inoculants made of the dehydrated rumen of small ruminants, mainly lambs. The aim of this research project is to study the microbiological parameters as well as certain technological parameters (chymosin activity and lipolytic activity) of these inoculants. The results revealed a... Anaerobe journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5140789 Sat, 30 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5140789 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5095498&cid=s_34508_77_f&fid=34508&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21802520%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Gerokomou V, Voidarou C, Vatopoulos A, Velonakis E, Rozos G, Alexopoulos A, Plessas S, Stavropoulou E, Bezirtzoglou E, Demertzi KA, Demertzis PG Ice used for direct human consumption or to preserve foods and cool down drinks can be contaminated with pathogenic microorganisms and may potentially become a vehicle for consumer's infection. To evaluate physical, chemical and microbiological quality of commercial ice and ice used for fish and seafood, 100 ice samples collected at 10 different retail points in the region of Epirus were studied. The following microbiological parameters were determined: Total coliforms, fecal coliforms, Salmonella spp., Shigella spp., Yersinia spp., Escherichiacoli, Campylobacter sp., Vibrio cholerae, Aeromonas spp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Clostri... Anaerobe journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5095498 Fri, 22 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5095498 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5095586&cid=s_34508_77_f&fid=34508&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21787874%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Klevenhusen F, Meile L, Kreuzer M, Soliva CR Before being able to implement effective ruminal methane mitigation strategies via feed supplementation, the assessment of side effects on ruminal fermentation and rumen microbial populations is indispensable. In this respect we investigated the effects of monolaurin, a methane-mitigating lipid, on methanogens and important carbohydrate-degrading bacteria present in ruminal fluid of dairy cattle in continuous culture employing the rumen simulation technique. In six experimental runs, each lasting for 10 days, four diets with different carbohydrate composition, based on hay, maize, wheat and a maize-wheat mixture, either remained non-supplemented or were supplemented with monolaurin and incubated in a ruminal-fluid buffer mixture. In... Anaerobe journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5095586 Tue, 19 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5095586 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5095536&cid=s_34508_77_f&fid=34508&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21787875%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Mikelsaar M Health care-associated infections are closely associated with different medical interventions which interrupt the balance of human microbiota. The occasional predominance of opportunistic pathogens may lead to their translocation into the lymph nodes and bloodstream, causing endogenous (primary or secondary) hospital infections. The question is raised as to if there is a possibility for prevention of the imbalance of GI microbiota during medical interventions in critically ill patients. Prophylactic selective decontamination of the digestive tract (SDD) simultaneously applies three to four different antimicrobials for the suppression of enteric aerobic microbes, which are potentially pathogenic microorganisms. However, there is no convincing evidence that the indig... Anaerobe journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5095536 Tue, 19 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5095536 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5095599&cid=s_34508_77_f&fid=34508&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21782961%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Aronoff DM, Johnson S, Lorber B PMID: 21782961 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Anaerobe) Anaerobe journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5095599 Sun, 17 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5095599 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5095636&cid=s_34508_77_f&fid=34508&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21777684%26dopt%3DAbstract This study shows Lr 231 exhibits ability to bind and detoxify potent mutagens, and this property can be useful in formulating fermented foods for removal of potent mutagens. PMID: 21777684 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Anaerobe) Anaerobe journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5095636 Mon, 11 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5095636 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5049739&cid=s_34508_77_f&fid=34508&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21757020%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Baserisalehi M, Bahador N The chemotactic behaviour of Campylobacter strains was determined in the presence of different amino acids at two temperatures (37 °C and 42 °C). Two strains of catalase positive (Campylobacter jejuni) and negative (Campylobacter sputurum) Campylobacter were isolated from river water in Tonekabon, Iran and identified by phenotyping and 16srRNA Gene sequencing methods. Chemotactic responses of the isolates were assessed toward a variety of amino acids viz., L-cystine, L-asparagine, L-histidine, L-aspartic acid, L-serine, L-phenylalanine, L-leucine and L-tryptophan by disc and capillary methods at two temperatures: 37 °C and 42 °C. C. jejuni showed positive chemotactic response towards L-cystine,L-tryptophan, L-phenylalanine, - L-leucine, L-asp... Anaerobe journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5049739 Tue, 05 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5049739 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5049737&cid=s_34508_77_f&fid=34508&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21763445%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Surono IS, Koestomo FP, Novitasari N, Zakaria FR, Yulianasari , Koesnandar Enterococcus faecium IS-27526 is a novel probiotic isolated from dadih, an Indonesian traditional fermented buffalo milk. A 90 days randomized double-blind placebo-controlled study ofpre-post trial was conducted in pre-school children with two groups, placebo and probiotic group. Ultra High Temperature low fat milk was used as a carrier in each group. The aims of this study were to investigate the effect of E.faecium IS-27526 in milk on humoral immune response and on bodyweight of pre-school children. Total serum IgA and total salivary sIgA were measured by sandwich ELISA. The bodyweight of young children was measured. The results showed that total serum IgA did not significantly increase in the probio... Anaerobe journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5049737 Mon, 04 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5049737 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5049741&cid=s_34508_77_f&fid=34508&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21736946%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Sosroseno W, Bird PS, Seymour GJ Nitric oxide (NO) may play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of periodontal disease and, hence, the aim of the present study was to test the hypothesis that Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans surface-associated material (SAM) stimulates inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) activity and NO production by the murine macrophage cell line RAW264.7. Cells were stimulated with untreated or heat-treated A. actinomycetemcomitans SAM and with or without pre-treatment with l-N(6)-(1-Iminoethyl)-lysine (L-NIL) (an iNOS inhibitor), polymyxin B, interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) and Interleukin-4 (IL-4), IL-10, genistein [a protein tyrosine kinase (PTK) inhibitor], bisindolylmaleimide [a protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor], bromophenacyl bromide (BPB) [a phosph... Anaerobe journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5049741 Mon, 27 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5049741 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4905471&cid=s_34508_77_f&fid=34508&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21624483%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Shenderov BA Symbiotic gut microorganisms release of various soluble low molecular weight (LMW)molecules of different chemical nature (surface and exogenous proteins, nucleases, serpins, sirtuines, other enzymes, lectins, peptides, amines, bacteriocines, fatty and amino acids, lactones, furanons, miRNA, NO, etc). These LMW molecules are able to sense environment, interact with corresponding cell surface, membrane, cytoplasm and nucleic acid receptors, to reply quickly and coordinately by induction of special sets of genes, to support stability of host genome and microbiome, to modulate epigenomic regulation of gene phenotypic expression, to ensure the information exchange in numerous bacterial and bacteria-host systems playing an important role in the control for many genetic ... Anaerobe journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4905471 Sun, 22 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4905471 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4905454&cid=s_34508_77_f&fid=34508&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21624484%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSION: Kephir is exhibiting large spectrum and strong antibacterial activity probably due to the complex viable probiotic strains association producing antimicrobial substances. PMID: 21624484 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Anaerobe) Anaerobe journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4905454 Sun, 22 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4905454 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4905451&cid=s_34508_77_f&fid=34508&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21624485%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Dubska L, Pilatova K, Dolejska M, Bortlicek Z, Frostova T, Literak I, Valik D Based on experiments with 10 defined strains of Escherichia coli, we present a new method for bacterial phenotyping using SELDI-TOF mass spectrometry. Changes in bacterial protein profiles in the context of the time of cultivation and the antibiotic environment were minimal. Proteom subprofiling may further distinguish between strains with specific susceptibility to antimicrobials. Mass spec-based methods may become common in the future of bacterial pathogen identification in clinical microbiology diagnostics. PMID: 21624485 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Anaerobe) Anaerobe journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4905451 Sun, 22 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4905451 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4905501&cid=s_34508_77_f&fid=34508&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21621628%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Bonos E, Christaki E, Abrahim A, Soultos N, Florou-Paneri P The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of the dietary supplementation of mannan oligosaccharides (MOS) extracted from yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, acidifiers -calcium formate (CF), calcium propionate (CP)- and their combination on the caecal microflora of Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica). Four hundred and fifty 1-day old quail where divided in six groups with three replicates each. One group that served as control received the basal diet. The five experimental diets consisted of the basal diet to which either 1 g MOS/kg, or 6 g CF/kg, or 6 g CP/kg, or 1 g MOS plus 6 g CF/kg or 1 g MOS plus 6 g CP/kg were added. The body weight was examined at weekly intervals and mortality was recorded daily.... Anaerobe journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4905501 Thu, 19 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4905501 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4855614&cid=s_34508_77_f&fid=34508&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21575734%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Chifiriuc MC, Banu O, Bleotu C, Laz R V PURPOSE: To identify the relationships between some infectious agents implicated in cardiovascular diseases with the cellular substrate and prosthetic devices in the presence of antibiotics. SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES: Strains isolation and identification, comparative study of antibiotic resistance of planktonic (disk diffusion, E-test, automatic systems) and sessile (using original experimental models for in vitro development of monospecific biofilms) bacterial cells, virulence assays (adherence and invasion of HeLa cells, slime test, soluble virulence factors expression), dynamic study of biofilm development on inert substrata, under the influence of antibiotics, the influence of cellular and soluble bacterial fractions on HeLa cells (by flo... Anaerobe journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4855614 Mon, 16 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4855614 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4855613&cid=s_34508_77_f&fid=34508&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21575735%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Cunha IS, Barreto CC, Costa OY, Bomfim MA, Castro AP, Kruger RH, Quirino BF Most studies present in the literature about the rumen microbiome have focused on cattle and sheep. This is the first report of the characterization of the bacterial and archaeal communities present in the liquid and solid-associated fractions of the rumen from free ranging Moxotó breed goats using 16S rRNA gene libraries. PCR was used to amplify the 16S rRNA gene with bacterial and archaeal universal primers and sequences from each library constructed were obtained. Sequences of Bacteria from the phyla Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes were predominant. The overall dominant classes in the rumen were Clostridia and Bacteroidia, which are known to play a role in plant fiber degradation in other ruminants. U... Anaerobe journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4855613 Fri, 06 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4855613 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4855615&cid=s_34508_77_f&fid=34508&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21569859%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, antibiotic resistance is growing problem in ICUs. Rationale antibiotic policies and infection control measures will prevent the development of resistance. PMID: 21569859 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Anaerobe) Anaerobe journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4855615 Tue, 03 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4855615 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4855626&cid=s_34508_77_f&fid=34508&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21549208%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Sepp E, Stšepetova J, Smidt I, Rätsep M, Kõljalg S, Lõivukene K, Mändar R, Jaanimäe L, Löhr IH, Natås OB, Naaber P The disruption of intestinal microbiota is an important risk factor for the development of Clostridium difficile caused antibiotic associated diarrhea (AAD). The role of intestinal lactoflora in protection against C. difficile is unclear. Fecal samples (n = 74) from AAD patients were investigated for C. difficile and lactobacilli by culture and real-time PCR. Lactobacilli were identified by enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus PCR (ERIC-PCR) and sequencing of 16S rRNA. In C. difficile negative cases we found somewhat higher counts of intestinal Lactobacilli (5.02 vs. 2.15 CFU log(10)/g; p = 0.053) by culture and more frequently Lactobaci... Anaerobe journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4855626 Thu, 28 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4855626 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4855625&cid=s_34508_77_f&fid=34508&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21549209%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Forssten SD, Sindelar CW, Ouwehand AC Probiotic products have gained popularity with consumers that expect that the products they consume are healthy and help them maintain health. Hence, the need and preferences of the consumers are translated into a product format concept. Probiotics have been used for a long time as natural components in supplements and functional foods, mainly in fermented dairy products. Most of the strains used as probiotics belong to the genera Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium. By definition, a strain has to have documented health benefits, in order to be called a probiotic. Although each bacterial strain is unique, there are some points that are essential when selecting a probiotic regarding the genetic stability, survival, and technical properties of... Anaerobe journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4855625 Thu, 28 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4855625 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4855624&cid=s_34508_77_f&fid=34508&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21549210%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Borovkova N, Korrovits P, Ausmees K, Türk S, Jõers K, Punab M, Mändar R Several studies have suggested the association of disturbed genital tract microbiota with infertility. Our aim was to clarify the influence of sexual intercourse on partner's genital tract microbiota in infertile couples. Seventeen couples were studied, and in 5 men inflammatory prostatitis (IP) was diagnosed. Semen samples were collected during menstruation of the female counterpart, two self-collected vaginal samples were taken 3-5 days later - before intercourse and 8-12 h after intercourse. Ureaplasma parvum was found in 59% of women, its prevalence was higher in women whose partner had IP, as well as in half of their male partners. Sexual intercourse caused significant shifts in vaginal microbiota... Anaerobe journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4855624 Thu, 28 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4855624 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4855623&cid=s_34508_77_f&fid=34508&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21549211%26dopt%3DAbstract Microbial and sensory quality of "Lollo verde" lettuce and rocket salad stored under active atmosphere packaging. Anaerobe. 2011 Apr 29; Authors: Arvanitoyannis IS, Bouletis AD, Gkagtzis DC, Hadjichristodoulou C, Papaloucas C Samples of fresh rocket "Eruca Sativa" were stored either alone or with the addition of lettuce "Lollo verde" leaves under two different atmosphere modifications (5% O(2) and 10% CO(2) for MAP A and 2% O(2) and 5% CO(2) for MAP B). Throughout the storage period of 10 days the microbial (mesophilic, psychrotrophic bacteria and Enterobacteriacae) populations, firmness, color and organoleptic parameters were monitored. Elevated CO(2) levels created by both atmosphere modifications inhibited mesophile and psychrophile growth (p < 0.05). Color was better m... Anaerobe journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4855623 Thu, 28 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4855623 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4855622&cid=s_34508_77_f&fid=34508&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21549212%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSIONS: Vaginitis caused by S. cerevisiae occur, is rising and cannot be ignored. Treatment of Saccharomyces vaginitis constitutes a major challenge and may require selected and often prolonged therapy. PMID: 21549212 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Anaerobe) Anaerobe journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4855622 Thu, 28 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4855622 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4855621&cid=s_34508_77_f&fid=34508&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21549213%26dopt%3DAbstract Study of the effect of atmosphere modification in conjunction with honey on the extent of shelf life of Greek bakery delicacy "touloumpaki" Anaerobe. 2011 Apr 29; Authors: Arvanitoyannis IS, Bosinas KP, Bouletis AD, Gkagtzis DC, Hadjichristodoulou C, Papaloucas C The aim of the present work was to evaluate the effect of atmosphere modification on microbial (mesophiles, yeast and molds) qualities, color, pH, texture and water activity of the Greek bakery product "touloumpaki". Samples were stored under MAP (60% CO(2)) either alone or with the addition of honey syrup for 16 days at room temperature (22-24 °C). Texture was better maintained under MAP and the addition of honey prevented the increase of shear force needed (1.498 and 3.20 for samples with and without honey). Honey ... Anaerobe journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4855621 Thu, 28 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4855621 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4855620&cid=s_34508_77_f&fid=34508&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21549214%26dopt%3DAbstract Effect of three MAP compositions on the physical and microbiological properties of a low fat Greek cheese known as "Anthotyros" Anaerobe. 2011 Apr 29; Authors: Arvanitoyannis IS, Kargaki GK, Hadjichristodoulou C Anthotyros is a type of low fat cheese produced from a mixture of sheep and goat milk. Anthotyros cheese in Crete is produced from the whey of hard cheese such as kefalotyri and graviera. Anthotyros is a cheese which comes from the myzithra cheese (whey) dehydration. The dehydrated anthotyros' physicochemical properties are moisture content of 35%, fat content in dry matter of 55% and low concentration of salt. The purpose of this study was to identify which of the three gas compositions applied; MAP(1):40% CO(2), 55% N(2), 5% O(2), MAP(2): 60% CO(2), 40% N(2) and MAP(3... Anaerobe journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4855620 Thu, 28 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4855620 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4855619&cid=s_34508_77_f&fid=34508&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21549215%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Arvanitoyannis IS, Vasiliki K, Bouletis AD, Papaloucas C Fresh minimally processed shrimps were stored under modified atmosphere packaging (60% CO(2):40% N(2) for MAP A and 92.9% N(2):5.1% CO(2):2% O(2) for MAP B) for 5 days at 3 °C. Total mesophiles, H(2)S forming bacteria, Pseudomonas spp., Brochothrix thermosphacta, firmness, color and sensory parameters were investigated throughout the whole time of the experiment. During storage period samples stored under MAP B managed to retain firmness values close to the initial values. All microbial populations growth was suppressed by the presence of MAP A. Samples stored under MAP B managed to maintain their firmness values close to the initial ones while MAP A samples were significantly less firm (p < 0.05). PMID: 21549... Anaerobe journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4855619 Thu, 28 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4855619 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4855618&cid=s_34508_77_f&fid=34508&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21549216%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Mercanoglu Taban B, Halkman AK Over the past 10 years, there is an increasing demand for leafy green vegetables and their ready-to-eat (RTE) salads since people changed their eating habits because of healthier lifestyle interest. Nevertheless fresh leafy green vegetables and their RTE salads are recognized as a source of food poisoning outbreaks in many parts of the world. However, this increased proportion of outbreaks cannot be completely explained by increased consumption and enhanced surveillance of them. Both in Europe and in the USA, recent foodborne illness outbreaks have revealed links between some pathogens and some leafy green vegetables such as mostly lettuces and spinaches and their RTE salads since fresh leafy green vegetables carry the potential risk of microbiol... Anaerobe journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4855618 Thu, 28 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4855618 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4855617&cid=s_34508_77_f&fid=34508&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21549848%26dopt%3DAbstract The effect of addition of olive oil and "Aceto balsamico di Modena" wine vinegar in conjunction with active atmosphere packaging on the microbial and sensory quality of "Lollo Verde" lettuce and rocket salad. Anaerobe. 2011 Apr 29; Authors: Arvanitoyannis IS, Bouletis AD, Papa EA, Gkagtzis DC, Hadjichristodoulou C, Papaloucas C Fresh rocket "Eruca Sativa" and lettuce "Lollo Verde" leaves were stored with the addition of olive oil and wine vinegar "Aceto balsamico di Modena" under modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) (5% O(2)/10% CO(2)/85% N(2) for MAP A and 2% O(2)/5% CO(2)/93% N(2) for MAP B). The microbial (mesophilic, psychrotrophic bacteria and Enterobacteriacae), physical (color and firmness) and sensory parameters of samples were studied in relation to storage time (up to ... Anaerobe journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4855617 Thu, 28 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4855617 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4855616&cid=s_34508_77_f&fid=34508&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21549849%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Arvanitoyannis IS, Kargaki GK, Hadjichristodoulou C The shelf life of Graviera cheese, a full fat cheese produced in Heraklion (Crete Greece), was investigated. Graviera cheese was stored at 4°C for up to 90 days in polyamide packages under three different modified atmosphere compositions. Control cheeses were packaged in air whereas MAP mixtures were MAP(1): 40% CO(2)/55% N(2)/5% O(2), MAP(2): 60% CO(2)/40% N(2) and MAP(3): 50% CO(2)/50% N(2). Sampling of product was carried out every 10 days to investigate its sensory quality and microbiological characteristics. Ten trained panelists participated in the sensory panel to evaluate the cheeses for external appearance (color, texture), taste, and flavor in a scale from 1 to 10 (1 very poor, 10 very good). The microbiological an... Anaerobe journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4855616 Thu, 28 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4855616 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4802713&cid=s_34508_77_f&fid=34508&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21545842%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Vantarakis A, Affifi M, Kokkinos P, Tsibouxi M, Papapetropoulou M Fruit juices are an important part of the modern diet in many countries. However, few data are available concerning the microbiological quality of the fruit juices sold in Greece. Using standard microbiological procedures, we conducted a bacteriological survey of commercially sold, pasteurized, shelf-stable fruit juices from retail markets. A total of 120 samples of fruit juices sold in various retail markets were examined for their bacteriological quality. The pH of the tested juices was 2.4-4.8. Bacteria were isolated from 51 samples (42.5%) and fungi from 78 samples (65%). Escherichia coli O157:H7 was detected in four of the analyzed samples (3.34%), and Staphylococcus aureus was detected in four different sa... Anaerobe journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4802713 Thu, 28 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4802713 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4802715&cid=s_34508_77_f&fid=34508&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21530667%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Galvão BP, Meggersee RL, Abratt VR The minimum inhibitory concentrations of 23 Bacteroides fragilis clinical isolates from Cape Town, South Africa, were established using the E-test method. Eight percent of the strains were found to be highly resistant to metronidazole (≥256 mg/L) imipenem and cefoxitin. This is an 8% increase in resistance compared to the previous metronidazole susceptibility screening performed in South Africa in 1998. Clindamycin was the most effective antibiotic with all strains showing sensitivity. Most of the strains (65%) were tetracycline resistant, while one strain, B. fragilis GSH15, showed multidrug resistance to metronidazole, imipenem, cefoxitin and tetracycline. PCR screening revealed that none of the strains contained any of the published n... Anaerobe journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4802715 Wed, 27 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4802715 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4802714&cid=s_34508_77_f&fid=34508&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21530668%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Waligora-Dupriet AJ, Campeotto F, Romero Merlano K, Mangin I, Rouzaud G, Ménard O, Suau A, Soulaines P, Nicolis I, Kapel N, Dupont C, Butel MJ Some clinical studies have suggested a relationship between allergic diseases and gut microbiota. We aimed to study bifidobacterial colonization at species and strain levels in ten allergic French infants included at their first clinical consultation and 20 controls matching for age at sampling, mode of delivery, per partum antibiotics, type of feeding and antibiotics in the first weeks of life. The faecal microbiota was analyzed by culture methods and TTGE. Bifidobacterial species and strains were identified using multiplex PCR and Box-PCR fingerprinting. No differences were observed between groups in the number of colonized infants o... Anaerobe journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4802714 Thu, 21 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4802714 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4802716&cid=s_34508_77_f&fid=34508&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21527349%26dopt%3DAbstract Re-examination of phenotypic identification using molecular methods: "Bacteroides putredinis" Anaerobe. 2011 Apr 20; Authors: Tyrrell KL, Warren YA, Citron DM, Goldstein EJ Alistipes (previously Bacteroides) are strictly anaerobic gram-negative rods that resemble the Bacteroides fragilis group in that most species are bile-resistant and indole-positive; however, they are only weakly saccharolytic and most species produce light brown pigment only on laked rabbit blood agar. In this retrospective study, we re-identified 18 organisms previously identified phenotypically as "Bacteroides putredinis-like", but that did not produce pigment on routine media. The strains were identified with 16S rDNA sequencing and pigment production was evaluated on several different culture media. Onl... Anaerobe journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4802716 Tue, 19 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4802716 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4802730&cid=s_34508_77_f&fid=34508&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21515392%26dopt%3DAbstract This article discusses possible interactions, particularly related to the periodontal pathogen Porphyromonas gingivalis, which could explain the observed association between these two prevalent diseases. PMID: 21515392 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Anaerobe) Anaerobe journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4802730 Fri, 15 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4802730 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4802729&cid=s_34508_77_f&fid=34508&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21515393%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Clementi F, Aquilanti L The worldwide use, and misuse, of antibiotics for about sixty years in the so-called antibiotic era, has been estimated in some one to ten million tons, a relevant part of which destined for non-therapeutic purposes such as growth promoting treatments for livestock or crop protection. As highly adaptable organisms, bacteria have reacted to this dramatic change in their environment by developing several well-known mechanisms of antibiotic resistance and are becoming increasingly resistant to conventional antibiotics. In recent years, commensal bacteria have become a cause of concern since they may act as reservoirs for the antibiotic resistance genes found in human pathogens. In particular, the food chain has been considered the main route for the introd... Anaerobe journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4802729 Fri, 15 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4802729 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4802728&cid=s_34508_77_f&fid=34508&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21515394%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Yonezawa H, Osaki T, Woo T, Kurata S, Zaman C, Hojo F, Hanawa T, Kato S, Kamiya S Helicobacter pylori is one of the most common causes of bacterial infection in humans. Infection with H. pylori is closely associated with gastritis and peptic ulcers and is a risk factor for gastric cancer and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma. H. pylori forms biofilms on glass surfaces at the air-liquid interface in in-vitro batch cultures. We previously reported that strain TK1402 showed a strong biofilm-forming ability in vitro. We also suggested the outer membrane vesicles (OMV) produced by strain TK1402 might be related to its biofilm forming ability. In the present study, we analyzed the protein profile of the OMV produced by strain TK1402 and found a unique 22-kDa protein in T... Anaerobe journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4802728 Fri, 15 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4802728 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4802727&cid=s_34508_77_f&fid=34508&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21515395%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Veloo AC, Welling GW, Degener JE Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption and Ionization Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) has gained more and more popularity for the identification of bacteria. Several studies show that bacterial diagnosticis is being revolutionized by the application of MALDI-TOF MS. For anaerobic bacteria, MALDI-TOF MS has been used for the identification of Prevotella spp., Fusobacterium spp., Clostridium spp., Bacteroides spp. and Gram-positive anaerobic cocci. However, to identify bacteria reliably, an extensive database is essential. For routine identification of anaerobic bacteria available databases need to be optimised. PMID: 21515395 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Anaerobe) Anaerobe journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4802727 Fri, 15 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4802727 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4802726&cid=s_34508_77_f&fid=34508&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21515396%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Bertazzoni Minelli E, Della Bora T, Benini A We studied the invitro effects of gentamicin and vancomycin alone and in combination added to polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) cement specimens on the bacterial adhesion of multiresistant clinical isolates. The PMMA specimens (discs) loaded with gentamicin (1.9%) or vancomycin (1.9%) or with a combination of the two were placed in Mueller-Hinton Broth inoculated with bacterial strains. After incubation, bacterial growth was determined by optical density (OD(540)) and sub-cultures. The biofilm PMMA-associated dye (crystal violet) was measured. Antibiotic concentrations in broth were determined by fluorescence polarisation immunoassay. All antibiotic-loaded PMMA cement specimens released high, inhibitory concentrations of gentamicin and ... Anaerobe journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4802726 Fri, 15 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4802726 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4802725&cid=s_34508_77_f&fid=34508&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21515397%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Bezirtzoglou E, Stavropoulou E Human body has developed a holistic defence system, which mission is either to recognize and destroy the aggressive invaders or to evolve mechanisms permitting to minimize or restore the consequences of harmful actions. The host immune system keeps the capital role to preserve the microbial intestinal balance via the barrier effect. Specifically, pathogenic invaders such as, bacteria, parasites, viruses and other xenobiotic invaders are rejected out of the body via barriers formed by the skin, mucosa and intestinal flora. In case physical barriers are breached, the immune system with its many components comes into action in order to fence infection. The intestine itself is considered as an "active organ" due to its abundant bacterial flora and to... Anaerobe journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4802725 Fri, 15 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4802725 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4802724&cid=s_34508_77_f&fid=34508&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21515398%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Turunen K, Tsouvelakidou E, Nomikos T, Mountzouris KC, Karamanolis D, Triantafillidis J, Kyriacou A Beta-glucans are polysaccharides present in the cell walls of higher plants, in the seeds of some cereals, and certain yeasts and fungi also produce them. It is suggested that they exhibit, among many other health benefits, protective effects against carcinogenesis in the colon, but there is not enough human data to support this. The aim of the study was to determine the effect of barley-derived beta-glucan in the gut microbiota of polypectomized patients. Subjects were randomly assigned to consume 125 g of bread per day with beta-glucan (3 g/d), or without (placebo group), for 3 months. Thirty-three polypectomized men and women (mean age 57.6 years) were recruited into the st... Anaerobe journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4802724 Fri, 15 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4802724 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4802723&cid=s_34508_77_f&fid=34508&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21521656%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, the quality of raw milk produced in sheep farms of NE Greece was surveyed and the role of various factors was explored. In total, 21 dairy ewe's farms from the regions of Xanthi and Evros, in the north-eastern Greece were monitored. Milk samples were sampled after the morning milking every 15 days throughout the dairy period (March-June). For the study, a questionnaire was also filled by personal interview with the owners in order to collect information about herd characteristics, health status, handling practices etc. From each farm, air was also sampled for microbiological analysis. Milk samples were examined for chemical components: fat content, protein, lactose, non-fat dry matter (NFDM) and somatic cells count (SCC). Microbiological examination involved the estimation o... Anaerobe journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4802723 Fri, 15 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4802723 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4802722&cid=s_34508_77_f&fid=34508&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21521657%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, essential oils from eight aromatic plants common in Greece were isolated by hydrodistillation, analyzed by gas chromatography (GC) and GC/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) for their chemical components and tested for their antimicrobial activities against 24 clinical isolates of S. aureus. The methods used were disk diffusion and broth dilution in order to determine the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC). Our results showed that essential oils from Origanum vulgare and Origanum dictamnus were active against S. aureus when tested by disk diffusion, but exhibited increased MIC values (>256 mg/L) with the dilution method. In contrast, the reference strain NCTC 6571 showed to be extremely sensitive in most of the oils tested (MICs 0.25-32.0 mg/L) and resistant only to the esse... Anaerobe journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4802722 Fri, 15 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4802722 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4802721&cid=s_34508_77_f&fid=34508&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21524710%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Mitsou EK, Kougia E, Nomikos T, Yannakoulia M, Mountzouris KC, Kyriacou A Banana is a widely consumed fruit, which contains considerable amounts of potential prebiotic indigestible carbohydrates. In our randomised, controlled trial we aimed to evaluate the in vivo prebiotic effect of banana consumption on faecal microbiota. Thirty-four healthy women participated in the study, having Body Mass Index (BMI) 24-30 kg/m(2), age 19-45 years, without history of gastrointestinal disease and no antibiotic and other medication use two months prior the initiation and during the study. All women were asked to maintain their usual dietary habits for 60 days and they were randomly assigned to consume twice a day a pre-meal snack, either one medium banana, or one cup of banana-flavoured dr... Anaerobe journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4802721 Fri, 15 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4802721 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4802720&cid=s_34508_77_f&fid=34508&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21524711%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Voidarou C, Alexopoulos A, Plessas S, Karapanou A, Mantzourani I, Stavropoulou E, Fotou K, Tzora A, Skoufos I, Bezirtzoglou E To study the antimicrobial activity of honey, 60 samples of various botanical origin were evaluated for their antimicrobial activities against 16 clinical pathogens and their respective reference strains. The microbiological quality of honeys and the antibiotic susceptibility of the various isolates were also examined. The bioassay applied for determining the antimicrobial effect employs the well-agar diffusion method and the estimation of minimum active dilution which produces a 1mm diameter inhibition zone. All honey samples, despite their origin (coniferous, citrus, thyme or polyfloral), showed antibacterial activity against the pathogenic and their ... Anaerobe journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4802720 Fri, 15 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4802720 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4802719&cid=s_34508_77_f&fid=34508&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21524712%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSIONS: In vitro spiramycin resistance among putative periodontal pathogens of United States origin occurred in approximately one-half of severe periodontitis patients evaluated, particularly among subgingival F. nucleatum species. In vitro resistance patterns also suggest that therapeutic concentrations of spiramycin plus metronidazole may have potential antimicrobial efficacy in non-Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans-associated periodontitis similar to amoxicillin plus metronidazole, which may be beneficial, where spiramycin is clinically available, for patients hypersensitive to amoxicillin or other beta-lactam antibiotics. PMID: 21524712 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Anaerobe) Anaerobe journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4802719 Fri, 15 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4802719 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4802718&cid=s_34508_77_f&fid=34508&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21524713%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Finegold SM Autism of the regressive variety is selected as an example of the importance of intestinal bacterial microflora in disease other than classical infection. Our studies have indicated that intestinal bacteria play a role in this disease since it responds to oral vancomycin, a drug that is not absorbed from the GI tract. Pyrosequencing studies document an abnormal gut microflora in regressive autism subjects as compared to controls. Finally, we present preliminary evidence suggesting that Desulfovibrio may play a key role in this disease. PMID: 21524713 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Anaerobe) Anaerobe journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4802718 Fri, 15 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4802718 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4802717&cid=s_34508_77_f&fid=34508&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21524714%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Marrazzo JM Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is a common cause of vaginitis and increases women's risk of pelvic inflammatory disease, adverse pregnancy outcomes, and risk of STD/HIV acquisition. The etiology of BV is unclear, though it is believed to involve loss of vaginal hydrogen peroxide-producing lactobacilli and acquisition of complex bacterial communities that include many fastidious BV-associated bacteria (BVAB) that have recently been detected using PCR methods. Treatment failure (persistence) is common, and may be facilitated by unprotected sex. Potential contributions to BV and BV persistence include (1) sexual partners as a reservoir for BVAB; (2) specific sexual practices, including male partners' condom use; and (3) the composition of the vaginal microbiota involved in ... Anaerobe journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4802717 Fri, 15 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4802717 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4802731&cid=s_34508_77_f&fid=34508&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21514395%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Samot J, Lebreton J, Badet C The most abundantly used probiotic strains come from the genus Lactobacillus and only a few studies have investigated their role in oral health. Even if a positive correlation has been established between the saliva Lactobacillus count and dental caries, this genus is generally recognized as safe (GRAS). Moreover, lactobacilli could in some cases play a beneficial role by inhibiting the growth of some oral pathogenic bacteria. This activity could justify their use as probiotic. To establish the potential health benefit of probiotic candidates, appropriate in vitro tests are required, particularly on their adhesive capacity. The aim of this work was to investigate the adhesive properties and surface characteristics of 70 oral lactobacilli that coul... Anaerobe journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4802731 Thu, 14 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4802731 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4802734&cid=s_34508_77_f&fid=34508&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21511046%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSIONS: For the epidemic BI17 strain, ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin and moxifloxacin have similar colonization rates, suggesting that the acquisition of high-level FQ resistance increases colonization rates in association with any FQ. Historic strain BI1 which does not carry high-level FQ resistance colonized efficiently only in the presence of moxifloxacin, possibly explaining lower rates of CDI historically prior to the widespread clinical use of moxifloxacin (and gatifloxacin). Current high rates and severity of CDI from 2000 to 2010 may in part be associated with the acquisition of high-level FQ resistance in BI strains and higher patient exposure rates of all FQs, especially moxifloxacin. PMID: 21511046 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Anaerobe) Anaerobe journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4802734 Wed, 13 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4802734 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4802733&cid=s_34508_77_f&fid=34508&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21513809%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study we evaluated the in vitro activity of tigecycline in comparison to 14 other antibiotics against 182 clinical pathogens by use of the micro dilution method. In overall, tigecycline exhibited the lowest Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) values in almost all bacteria with a mean of 0.52±1.25mg/L, followed by meropenem and levofloxacin (mean MIC values 1.29±2.52 and 1.45±3.078mg/L, respectively). MIC50 and MIC90 values of tigecycline were: 0.06 and 0.15mg/L for E. coli, 0.12 and 1.00mg/L for Klebsiella sp., 0.12 and 0.85mg/L for various Enterobacter sp., 1.00 and 8.00mg/L for Pseudomonas sp., 0.25 and 1.00mg/L for Acinetobacter sp., 0.06 and 0.12mg/L for Serratia sp., 0.12 and 0.25mg/L for Staphylococcus aureus, 0.5 and 5.00mg/L for Streptococcus sp. The MIC values reco... Anaerobe journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4802733 Wed, 13 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4802733 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4802732&cid=s_34508_77_f&fid=34508&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21513810%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Plessas S, Alexopoulos A, Mantzourani I, Koutinas A, Voidarou C, Stavropoulou E, Bezirtzoglou E Sourdough application has been extensively increased in the last years due to the consumers demand for food consumption without the addition of chemical preservatives. Several starter cultures have been applied in sourdough bread making targeting the increase of bread self-life and the improvement of sensorial character. More specific, Lactobacillus acidophilus and Lactobacillus sakei as single and mixed cultures were used for sourdough bread making. Various sourdough breads were produced with the addition of sourdough perviously prepared with 10% w/w L. acidophilus, 10% w/w L. sakei and 5% w/w L. acidophilus and 5% w/w L. sakei at the same time. Various chemical parameters were de... Anaerobe journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4802732 Wed, 13 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4802732 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4802739&cid=s_34508_77_f&fid=34508&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21497661%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Bezirtzoglou E, Tsiotsias A, Welling GW The development of the gut is controlled and modulated by different interacting mechanisms such as, genetic endowment, intrinsic biological regulatory functions, environment influences and last but no least, the diet influence. Considered together with other endogenous and exogenous factors the type of feeding may interfere greatly in the regulation of the intestinal microbiota. During the last years molecular methods offer a complementarity to the classic culture-based knowledge. FISH has been applied for molecular evaluation of the microbiota in newborns delivered by vaginal delivery. Eleven probes/probe combinations for specific groups of faecal bacteria were used to determine the bacterial composition in faecal samples of newborns in... Anaerobe journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4802739 Thu, 07 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4802739 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4802738&cid=s_34508_77_f&fid=34508&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21497662%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Lazar V Biofilms or microbial communities formed by adherent and cohesive cells on cellular or inert substrata (like medical devices), are involved in ∼60% of all infections and characterized by moderate intensity symptoms, chronic evolution and resistance to antibiotics. Biofilms' pathogenicity, even of those formed by opportunistic microorganisms, is amplified by two major biofilm characteristics: 1) the increased resistance to antimicrobials; 2) the protection of cells against the host's defence mechanisms. The studies at the molecular level shown that the biofilms formation is controlled by cell-to-cell signalling mechanisms and the gene regulation during biofilm growth is due to the accumulation of signal molecules. In this regard, quorum sensing mechanism (QS) is defin... Anaerobe journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4802738 Thu, 07 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4802738 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4802737&cid=s_34508_77_f&fid=34508&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21497663%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Plessas S, Alexopoulos A, Voidarou C, Stavropoulou E, Bezirtzoglou E Fermentation technology has become a modern method for food production the last decades as a process for enhancing product stability, safety and sensory standards. The main reason for this development is the increasing consumers' demand for safe and high quality food products. The above has led the scientific community to the thorough study for the appropriate selection of specific microorganisms with desirable properties such as bacteriocin production, and probiotic properties. The main food products produced through fermentation activity are bread, wine, beer cheese and other dairy products. The microorganisms conducting the above processes are mainly yeasts and lactic acid bacteria. The end products of car... Anaerobe journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4802737 Thu, 07 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4802737 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4802736&cid=s_34508_77_f&fid=34508&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21497664%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, 48 samples of fish roe, just before waxing, were collected from various local processors for microbiological examination by using selective media and incubated under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. The identification of the bacteria was carried out according to the Bergey's manual. Microscopic examination of Gram stained cells, catalase, oxidase and biochemical tests were performed when necessary to further identify. V. parahaemolyticus, Vibrio spp., Salmonella spp., and Aeromonas hydrophila were detected in one sample (2%). Shigella spp., and Flavobacterium spp. in two samples (4%), Clotriduim perfringens (vegetative forms), E. coli, and spores of Bacillus spp., were detected in three samples (6%), Staphylococcus aureus in four samples (8%). Various Micrococcus spp., an... Anaerobe journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4802736 Thu, 07 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4802736 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4802735&cid=s_34508_77_f&fid=34508&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21497665%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Djossou O, Perraud-Gaime I, Lakhal Mirleau F, Rodriguez-Serrano G, Karou G, Niamke S, Ouzari I, Boudabous A, Roussos S Coffee contamination by ochratoxigenic fungi affects both coffee quality as well as coffee price with harmful consequences on the economy of the coffee exporting countries for whom which is their main source of income. Fungal strains were isolated from coffee beans and identified as black Aspergilli. Ochratoxigenic moulds like Aspergillus carbonarius were screened and selected for detailed studies. Also lactic acid bacteria (LAB) were isolated from silage coffee pulp and their antifungal activity was tested on dual-culture agar plate. Ten of the isolated LAB demonstrated antifungal effect against A. carbonarius. API 50 CH and APIZYM were used to perform phenot... Anaerobe journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4802735 Wed, 06 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4802735 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4802740&cid=s_34508_77_f&fid=34508&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21458578%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Veloo AC, Schepers RH, Welling GW, Degener JE We assessed the microbiota of a tongue abscess in which twelve different aerobic and anaerobic bacteria were identified using fluorescent in situ hybridisation (FISH), sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene and phenotypic methods. By applying the 16S rRNA based probes directly on the clinical material, a quick insight of the bacteria present was obtained and the species which were not cultured but present in the abscess were identified. PMID: 21458578 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Anaerobe) Anaerobe journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4802740 Wed, 30 Mar 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4802740 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4802741&cid=s_34508_77_f&fid=34508&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21439390%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Tong J, Liu C, Summanen P, Xu H, Finegold SM Our goal was to establish a quantitative real-time PCR (QRT-PCR) method to detect Bacteroides fragilis group and related organisms from clinical specimens. Compared to conventional anaerobic culture, QRT-PCR can provide accurate and more rapid detection and identification of B. fragilis group and similar species. B. fragilis group and related organisms are the most frequently isolated anaerobic pathogens from clinical samples. However, culture and phenotypic identification is quite time-consuming. We designed specific primers and probes based on the 16S rRNA gene sequences of Bacteroides caccae, Bacteroides eggerthii, B. fragilis, Bacteroides ovatus, Bacteroides stercoris, Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron, Bacteroides uniformis, Bact... Anaerobe journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4802741 Wed, 23 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4802741 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4637839&cid=s_34508_77_f&fid=34508&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21421068%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Alexopoulos A, Plessas S, Voidarou C, Noussias H, Stavropoulou E, Mantzourani I, Tzora A, Skoufos I, Bezirtzoglou E The present study focuses on the bacteriological profile of both watery ecosystem and fishes from different North and Central West Greek fish-farms ongrowing euryhaline fish species. The natural microflora of the fish and the water of their ongrowing units in selected farms were studied for a period of 20 months. The analysed samples were mainly sea bream (Sparus aurata) 61.3% and sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) 24%. In most of the watery ecosystems coming from the different sampling areas, total and fecal coliforms as well as total and fecal streptococci were abundant in all water samples. Enterococcus, E.coli and Pseudomonas were present at a level of 3 logs cf... Anaerobe journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4637839 Fri, 18 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4637839 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4637838&cid=s_34508_77_f&fid=34508&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21421069%26dopt%3DAbstract We report the first case of A. graevenitzii septicemia in a patient with alcoholic liver cirrhosis. It was identified as Actinomyces graevenitzii by morphologic and 16S rRNA sequencing. Even though A. graevenitzii is rarely associated with human infections, it should be considered as a potential causative agent of bacteremia. PMID: 21421069 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Anaerobe) Anaerobe journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4637838 Fri, 18 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4637838 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4637841&cid=s_34508_77_f&fid=34508&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21397709%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Rather MA, Wani SA, Hussain I, Bhat MA, Kabli ZA, Magray SN The present study determines the prevalence, economic impact of virulent footrot in central Kashmir, India, along with isolation and molecular characterization of Dichelobacter nodosus (D.nodosus) where so far no such work has been carried out. Over all 12.54% prevalence of footrot was recorded in central Kashmir with highest (15.84%) in district Srinagar, and least (10.89%) in district Budgam, while it was 13.28% in district Ganderbal. Overall economic impact of footrot was estimated to the tune of Rs 15.82 million annually to the sheep farming in central Kashmir. Out of 370 samples collected from footrot lesions of naturally infected sheep, 200 (54.05%) detected D.nodosus positive by polymerase chain reaction (PCR)... Anaerobe journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4637841 Thu, 17 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4637841 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4637840&cid=s_34508_77_f&fid=34508&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21420503%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Dridi B, Raoult D, Drancourt M PMID: 21420503 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Anaerobe) Anaerobe journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4637840 Thu, 17 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4637840 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4578103&cid=s_34508_77_f&fid=34508&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21376821%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Sherwood MA, Fraser CO, Citron DM, Wexler H, Blakey GW, Jobling K, Patrick S PMID: 21376821 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Anaerobe) Anaerobe journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4578103 Wed, 02 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4578103 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4578102&cid=s_34508_77_f&fid=34508&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21376822%26dopt%3DAbstract This study, combined with studies of other food sources, suggests that widespread contamination of food is common. PMID: 21376822 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Anaerobe) Anaerobe journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4578102 Wed, 02 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4578102 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4578101&cid=s_34508_77_f&fid=34508&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21376823%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Stein GE, Tyrrell KL, Dybas LA, Citron DM, Nicolau DP, Goldstein EJ To gain additional data concerning the anti-anaerobic activity of tigecycline in serum, we analyzed blood samples from six patients with a complicated skin/soft tissue infection who were receiving IV tigecycline 50 mg every 12h. Venous blood samples were obtained after multiple doses of tigecycline at 1, 6 and 12h after the initiation of a 1h IV infusion. Sera from these samples were tested to determine serum inhibitory and bactericidal activity over time against 4 anaerobic bacteria (Bacteroides fragilis, Peptoniphilus asaccharolyticus, Prevotella bivia and Finegoldia magna). An analysis of serum titers found that tigecycline exhibited early (1h) and prolonged (12h) inhibitory activity against each study isol... Anaerobe journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4578101 Wed, 02 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4578101 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4578100&cid=s_34508_77_f&fid=34508&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21376824%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Claud EC Neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is one of few diseases for which probiotics have appeared to have clear benefit in clinical trials, however safety concerns persist. Clinical trials of probiotics have preceded our understanding of the effect of probiotics on the developing gut and microbial colonization patterns of the preterm infant. Colonization of the preterm intestine begins with the birthing process and is then influenced by the neonatal intensive care unit and iatrogenic manipulations. Resulting altered microbiota may have significant implications for the immature preterm gut and susceptibility to NEC. PMID: 21376824 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Anaerobe) Anaerobe journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4578100 Wed, 02 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4578100 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4578099&cid=s_34508_77_f&fid=34508&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21376825%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Carman RJ, Stevens AL, Lyerly MW, Hiltonsmith MF, Stiles BG, Wilkins TD Clostridium difficile is a major enteropathogen of humans. It produces two main virulence factors, toxins A and B. A third, less well known toxin, C. difficile toxin (CDT), is a binary toxin composed of distinct enzymatic (CdtA) and cell binding/translocation (CdtB) proteins. We used a novel enzyme linked immunoassay (EIA) to detect CdtB protein in feces and culture fluids. Additionally, PCR was used to assay C. difficile isolates from fecal samples for the CDT locus (CdtLoc). Although the results from 80 isolates suggest no relationship between toxin concentrations in situ and in vitro, there is a good correlation between PCR detection of the cdtB gene and EIA detection of CdtB protein in vitro. Possible ... Anaerobe journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4578099 Wed, 02 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4578099 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4578098&cid=s_34508_77_f&fid=34508&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21376826%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Carroll KC Clostridium difficile (C. difficile) causes 25%-30% of cases of antibiotic associated diarrhea and most cases of pseudomembranous colitis. Patients presenting with diarrhea after hospitalization for 3 or more days should be tested for C difficile. There are many options available for testing, each of which has inherent advantages and disadvantages. Most laboratories perform toxin testing using an enzyme immunoassay method. In general these tests have sensitivities ranging from 60-70% and specificities of 98%. When using these methods, symptomatic patients with negative tests should be tested by another more sensitive method. Until recently, cell culture cytotoxicity neutralization assays (CCNAs) were considered the gold standard in the U.S. A two step algorithm usin... Anaerobe journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4578098 Wed, 02 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4578098 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4578097&cid=s_34508_77_f&fid=34508&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21376827%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Fredricks DN The human vagina hosts a collection of microbes that is distinct from other human surfaces and mucosal sites, with reduced microbial diversity that is likely driven by the acidic environment. The microbial ecosystem of the vagina is dominated by lactobacilli in women without bacterial vaginosis (BV), and is characterize by increased species richness, diversity, and evenness in women with BV. The use of molecular, cultivation-independent methods to describe the bacterial biota of the human vagina has revealed many novel putative anaerobes in women with BV, and has demonstrated the almost ubiquitous nature of Lactobacillus iners which is found in most women regardless of BV status. A variety of molecular tools are being employed to study the vaginal microbiota, and ... Anaerobe journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4578097 Wed, 02 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4578097 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4524911&cid=s_34508_77_f&fid=34508&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21334446%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Kim JH, Muder R PMID: 21334446 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Anaerobe) Anaerobe journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4524911 Thu, 17 Feb 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4524911 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4524912&cid=s_34508_77_f&fid=34508&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21315167%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Paredes-Sabja D, Sarker MR Spores of pathogenic Clostridium perfringens and Clostridium difficile must germinate in the food vehicle and/or host's intestinal tract to cause disease. In this work, we examined the germination response of spores of C. perfringens and C. difficile upon incubation with cultured human epithelial cell lines (Caco-2, HeLa and HT-29). C. perfringens spores of various sources were able to germinate to different extents; while spores of a non-food-borne isolate germinated very well, spores of food-borne and animal isolates germinated poorly in human epithelial cells. In contrast, no detectable spore germination (i.e., loss of spore heat resistance) was observed upon incubation of C. difficile spores with epithelial cells; instead, there was a significant... Anaerobe journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4524912 Sat, 12 Feb 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4524912 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4331411&cid=s_34508_77_f&fid=34508&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21195787%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Badet C, Quero F Honey has been used since ancient times and more recently, for the healing of wounds and against infectious diseases. The aim of our study was to investigate the effect of two manuka honeys showing different potencies of their antibacterial activity, on potentially pathogenic oral bacteria. The antimicrobial activity was examined by determining the MIC and MBC using the macro dilution broth technique. The effect on the adherence was tested on growing cells of Streptococcus mutans on a glass surface and on a multi-species biofilm grown on saliva-coated hydroxyapatite discs. As expected, the antibacterial activity of manuka (with higher potency of antibacterial activity) was the most important. The two tested honeys weakly inhibited the adherence of S .mutans ce... Anaerobe journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4331411 Fri, 31 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4331411 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4331412&cid=s_34508_77_f&fid=34508&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21195203%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Honda H, Gibson GR, Farmer S, Keller D, McCartney AL Single-stage continuous fermentation systems were employed to examine the effects of GanedenBC(30) supplementation on the human gastrointestinal microbiota in relation to pathogen challenge in vitro. Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis analysis demonstrated that GanedenBC(30) supplementation modified the microbial profiles in the fermentation systems compared with controls, with profiles clustering according to treatment. Overall, GanedenBC(30) supplementation did not elicit major changes in bacterial population counts in vitro, although notably higher Bcoa191 counts were seen following probiotic supplementation (compared to the controls). Pathogen challenge did not elicit significant modification of the microbial counts... Anaerobe journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4331412 Thu, 30 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4331412 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4331414&cid=s_34508_77_f&fid=34508&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21184838%26dopt%3DAbstract We describe an episode of Leptotrichia trevisanii bacteraemia in a neutropenic hemato-oncology patient receiving chemotherapy for Refractory Anemia with Excess Blasts-2 (RAEB-2). Although Leptotrichia spp. colonize the oral cavity and genitourinary tract, serious episodes of bacteraemia might occur in immunocompromised patients, particularly in those with severe neutropenia. Therefore, microbiologists should consider the possibility of Leptotrichia spp. septicemia in patients with blood cultures positive for gram negative bacilli, when routine microbiology tests fail to reveal a correct identification of the organism. PMID: 21184838 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Anaerobe) Anaerobe journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4331414 Wed, 22 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4331414 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4331413&cid=s_34508_77_f&fid=34508&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21184839%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Kim MJ, Lee YS, Park JY, Kook JK A previous study reported the cloning of a putative Prevotella nigrescens-specific DNA probe, Pn23, using random shotgun method. The present study evaluated the species-specificity of Pn23 for P. nigrescens using the clinical strains of Prevotella intermedia and P. nigrescens to develop P. nigrescens-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) primers. Southern blot analysis showed that the DNA probe, Pn23, detected only the genomic DNA of P. nigrescens strains. PCR showed that the two sets of PCR primers, Pn23-F1/Pn23-R1 and Pn23-F2/Pn23-R2, had species-specificity for P. nigrescens. Interestingly, the two sets of PCR primers, Pn23-F6/Pn23-R6 and Pn23-F7/Pn23-R7, had strain-specificity for P. nigrescens ATCC 33563. The detection limits of the fou... Anaerobe journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4331413 Wed, 22 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4331413 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4331415&cid=s_34508_77_f&fid=34508&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21182972%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Duerden BI The introduction of mandatory surveillance of Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) in 2004 showed the scale of the challenge: cases in patients >64 years old reached 55,681 in 2006. The first type 027 outbreaks had been in 2005 and CDI was a headline issue. The prevention and control of CDI requires a tripartite partnership between clinicians, health service managers, and the government/Department of Health which needs to set standards, ensure that CDI is a priority, set targets and monitor outcome. Government can also legislate; the Health Act 2006 introduced a statutory Code of Practice for infection prevention and control for the NHS and extended to all independent health and care settings in 2010. In 2008, a national target was set for a 30% reduction in CDI... Anaerobe journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4331415 Tue, 21 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4331415 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4331416&cid=s_34508_77_f&fid=34508&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21167951%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Martirosian G, Ekiel A, Aptekorz M, Wiechuła B, Kazek B, Jankowska-Steifer E, Jóźwiak J, Moskalewski S Stools from autistic and healthy children were studied for fecal lactoferrin, Clostridium difficile toxins, Clostridium perfringens enterotoxin and cultured for Clostridium spp. Elevated level of FLA was demonstrated in 24.4% stools, all from boys (31.25%). No toxins were detected. Clostridium spp. was isolated with similar frequency from all samples. C. perfringens were isolated significantly often from the autistic stools, intermediate sensitive strains to penicillin 19%, to clindamycin 11.3%, and to metronidazole 7.5% were detected. Further studies on fecal microflora and inflammatory mediators, with larger groups of patients, are required in order to explain their role... Anaerobe journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4331416 Thu, 16 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4331416 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4274784&cid=s_34508_77_f&fid=34508&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21145403%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Rodríguez C, Cofré JV, Sánchez M, Fernández P, Boggiano G, Castro E Lactobacilli have been barely studied in cows. We proposed isolate and characterize lactic acid bacteria from dairy cows as compared to those raised for meat production and elucidate the presence of strains with evident probiotic employment's potential. For this, isolation and quantification of LAB mainly lactobacilli were realized from vaginal cattle samples in MRS medium. Each selected microorganism was then briefly characterized. The MATH method was employed using hexadecane, xilene an toluene as solvent. According to the hydrophobic characteristics, strains were classified into three categories: high (71-100%), medium (36-70%) and low (0-35%). Hydrogen peroxide qualitative production was studies too, l... Anaerobe journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4274784 Tue, 07 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4274784 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4216921&cid=s_34508_77_f&fid=34508&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21094263%26dopt%3DAbstract This study serves to investigate the role of naphtoate synthase in the survival of M. tuberculosis H37Rv when incubated under oxygen limiting conditions of unagitated liquid culture over 15 weeks. M. tuberculosis H37Rv was grown in Middlebrook 7H9 media. The tubes were kept undisturbed at 37 °C for up to 15 weeks. At selected time points, aliquots of cells were removed and frozen. RNA was simultaneously extracted from all aliquots. The RNA was converted to cDNA for Real-Time PCR on the ABI 7000 SDS. Gene expression was normalized against 16S RNA quantities at each time point. A systematic increase in the expression of the menB gene product was observed over the incubation period with a 4.3-fold increase seen at week 6 (P < 0.001) relative to day 0 and an 85.8-fold increase at week ... Anaerobe journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4216921 Fri, 19 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4216921 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4138945&cid=s_34508_77_f&fid=34508&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21034840%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Endo A, Futagawa-Endo Y, Dicks LM The Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium population in the feces of 26 animals (16 species) were studied by culture-dependent and culture-independent techniques. Lactobacilli were detected from a few herbivores, all carnivores and some omnivores. Lactobacillus johnsonii, Lactobacillus reuteri, Lactobacillus salivarius, Lactobacillus vaginalis and Lactobacillus ingluviei were the most dominant lactobacilli in carnivores. These species were, however, not predominant in herbivores and omnivores. Lactobacillus brevis, Lactobacillus casei, Lactobacillus parabuchneri, Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus sakei, Leuconostoc mesenteroides and Leuconostoc pseudomesenteroides, usually present in raw plant material, were present in omnivores but not in ca... Anaerobe journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4138945 Wed, 27 Oct 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4138945 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4107735&cid=s_34508_77_f&fid=34508&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20971200%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, antibiotic resistance involves different mechanisms and affects many anaerobic species and is spreading worldwide. This demonstrates the need to continue with antibiotic resistance testing and surveys in anaerobic bacteria. PMID: 20971200 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Anaerobe) Anaerobe journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4107735 Wed, 20 Oct 2010 23:00:00 +0100 4107735 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4107736&cid=s_34508_77_f&fid=34508&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20969969%26dopt%3DAbstract This study was designed to isolate Cp from clinical cases, type these isolates by multiplex PCR, and determine their antimicrobial susceptibility by micro-dilution method. A total of 67 Cp isolates were obtained from 155 broiler chicken flocks. All isolates were classified as type A and non-enterotoxin producers. Lincomycin, erythromycins, and tilmicosin showed very high minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) 50 of ≥256 μg/ml. However, tylosin, amoxicillin, ampicillin, penicillin, florfenicol, danofloxacin, enrofloxacin, chlortetracycline, doxycycline, and oxytetracycline had variable MIC(50) of 64, 0.5, 1, 1, 8, 4, 8, 4, 8, 0.5 μg/ml, respectively. It is recommended that Cp infections in Jordan be treated with either penicillins or tetracyclines especially amoxicillin and oxytetracycl... Anaerobe journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4107736 Mon, 18 Oct 2010 23:00:00 +0100 4107736 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4088177&cid=s_34508_77_f&fid=34508&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20951815%26dopt%3DAbstract This study assessed potential probiotic Lactobacillus strains isolated from the feces of breast-fed infants and from Taiwanese pickled cabbage for their possible use in probiotic fermented foods by evaluating their (i) in vitro adhesive ability, resistance to biotic stress, resistance to pathogenic bacteria, and production of β-galactosidase; (ii) milk technological properties; and (iii) in vivo adhesive ability, intestinal survival and microbial changes during and after treatment. Five Lactobacillus isolates identified as L. reuteri F03, L. paracasei F08, L. rhamnosus F14, L. plantarum C06, and L. acidophilus C11 that showed resistance to gastric juice and bile salts were selected for further evaluation of their probiotic properties. All the strains demonstrated the ability to adhere to ... Anaerobe journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4088177 Wed, 13 Oct 2010 23:00:00 +0100 4088177 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4088176&cid=s_34508_77_f&fid=34508&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20951816%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: de Oliveira Ferreira E, Yates E, Jourlin M, Liu J, Pilotto Domingues RM, Goldner M The oxidation-reduction (redox) of the environment characterizes the Bacteroides fragilis pathogenic potential. Previously, using 3D confocal laser scanning microscopy, the bacteria prepared from cultures grown under oxidizing conditions (Eh(7)ca. + 100 mV) were able to penetrate into Hela cell monolayers. In contrast, when grown under reducing conditions (Eh(7)ca. - 60 mV), there were no bacteria evident within Hela cells. The influence of the anaerobe/aerobe environmental flux during the process of the anaerobe infection could be significant. In B. fragilis peritonitis, this may depend on the occurrence of aerobiosis as opposed to anaerobiosis. To this end, three clinical B. fragilis strains, ... Anaerobe journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4088176 Wed, 13 Oct 2010 23:00:00 +0100 4088176 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4088178&cid=s_34508_77_f&fid=34508&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20950700%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Burns DA, Heap JT, Minton NP Clostridium difficile causes diarrhoeal diseases ranging from asymptomatic carriage to a fulminant, relapsing, and potentially fatal colitis. Endospore production plays a vital role in transmission of infection, and in order to cause disease these spores must then germinate and return to vegetative cell growth. Type BI/NAP1/027 strains of C. difficile have recently become highly represented among clinical isolates and are associated with increased disease severity. It has also been suggested that these 'epidemic' types generally sporulate more prolifically than 'non-epidemic' strains, although the few existing reports are inconclusive and encompass only a small number of isolates. In order to better understand any differences in sporulation rates b... Anaerobe journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4088178 Tue, 12 Oct 2010 23:00:00 +0100 4088178 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4061753&cid=s_34508_77_f&fid=34508&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20934523%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, beef, chicken and fish (salmon) were examined in vitro for their impact on the human faecal microbiota. The influence of cooking method was also investigated by using either frying or boiling. Upon fermentation over 48 h the Clostridium perfringens/histolyticum group increased significantly in number in the beef fermentations, either fried (p=0.023) or boiled (p=0.017). Cooking method appeared influence Clostridium spp. growth, with higher numbers in fried meat compared to boiled meats after 5 h (p=0.024) and 48 h (p=0.003) fermentation. Significant differences between meat types were also seen for numbers of Bifidobacterium spp. at 48 h (p=0.028), Bacteroides group at 24 h (p=0.016) as well as Coriobacterium/Atopobium group at 10 h (p=0.038). Most types of short chain fatty... Anaerobe journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4061753 Wed, 06 Oct 2010 23:00:00 +0100 4061753 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4061752&cid=s_34508_77_f&fid=34508&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20934524%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Coursodon CF, Glock RD, Trinh HT, Songer JG Poultry necrotic enteritis (NE) is caused by specific strains of C. perfringens, most of which are type A. The role of alpha toxin (CPA) in NE has been called into question by the finding that an engineered cpa mutant retains full virulence in vivo (Keyburn, A.L., et al. 2006. Alpha-toxin of Clostridium perfringens is not an essential virulence factor in necrotic enteritis in chickens. Infect Immun 74: 6496-6500). This is in contrast to the finding that immunization with CPA toxoids protects against NE. We confirmed the earlier findings, in that 14-day-old Cornish x Rock broiler chicks challenged with a cpa mutant developed lesions compatible with NE in > 90% of birds inoculated with the mutant. However, CPA was detected in amount... Anaerobe journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4061752 Wed, 06 Oct 2010 23:00:00 +0100 4061752 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4061751&cid=s_34508_77_f&fid=34508&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20934525%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, Tunisian propolis ethanol extract (EEP) was tested for their anti-cariogenic, anti-biofilms and antiproliferative effects of many cell lines. The Tunisian EEP was evaluated in vitro against 33 oral pathogens including streptococci and enterococci using broth microdilution method. The antibiofilms activity of EEP was assessed via Crystal Violet staining and MTT assays. The Tunisian EEP antiproliferative effect was evaluated on normal (MRC-5) and cancer cell lines (HT29, A549, Hep2, raw 264.7, Vero) by the ability of the cells to metabolically reduce MTT to a formazan dye. Our results revealed that Tunisian EEP possessed excellent protective effects against cariogenic and biofilms activity of oral streptococci bacteria. Furthermore, EEP showed a strong antiproliferative effect... Anaerobe journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4061751 Wed, 06 Oct 2010 23:00:00 +0100 4061751 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4041494&cid=s_34508_77_f&fid=34508&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20887795%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Jamal W, Rotimi VO, Brazier J, Duerden BI We conducted a prospective study to evaluate the prevalence and epidemiology of CDI in Kuwait government hospitals over a 3-year period, January 2003 to December 2005, to determine the ribotypes responsible for CDI and to estimate the prevalence of ribotype 027. We also conducted a case-control study to identify the risk factors in our patient population. A total of 697 stool samples from patients with suspected CDI were obtained and sent to Anaerobe Reference Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University for Clostridium difficile toxin detection, culture and PCR ribotyping. During the period, 73 (10.5%) out of 697 patients met the case definition of CDI. Of these, 56 (76.7%) were hospital-acquired and 17 (23.3%) were from outpati... Anaerobe journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4041494 Tue, 28 Sep 2010 23:00:00 +0100 4041494 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3988038&cid=s_34508_77_f&fid=34508&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20849968%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Huang H, Weintraub A, Fang H, Wu S, Zhang Y, Nord CE One hundred and ten toxigenic Clostridiumdifficile isolates collected between December 2008 and May 2009 at Fudan University Hospital Huashan were analyzed for their antibiotic susceptibility patterns and resistance molecular basis. The heteroresistance to metronidazole in fresh isolates were detected as well. Sixteen different PCR ribotypes were identified with a dominant clone 017 accounting for 37.3% of the isolates, followed by 001 and H. Ribotype 027 was not found but one isolate belonged to ribotype 078. All the isolates were susceptible to vancomycin and piperacillin/tazobactam. Seventy-eight fresh isolates were tested for heteroresistance to metronidazole, 18 (23.1%) of them were found to be positive. Resistance to m... Anaerobe journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3988038 Mon, 13 Sep 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3988038 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3955267&cid=s_34508_77_f&fid=34508&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20826220%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, we describe our genetic analysis of mobile tetQ elements in oral Prevotella species. Our results indicate that the mobile elements encoding tetQ in oral species are distinct from those found in the Bacteroides. The intestinal bacteria may act as a reservoir for the tetQ gene, but Prevotella has incorporated this gene into an IS21-family transposon. This transposon is present in Prevotella species from more than one geographical location, implying that the mechanism of tetQ spread between oral Prevotella species is highly conserved. PMID: 20826220 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Anaerobe) Anaerobe journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3955267 Thu, 02 Sep 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3955267 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3955269&cid=s_34508_77_f&fid=34508&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20816997%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, we used a batch fermentation model of a C. difficile colonised system to evaluate the potential of a prophylactic and a remedial bacteriophage treatment regime to control the pathogen. It is shown that the prophylaxis regime was effective at preventing the growth of C. difficile (p = <0.001) and precluded the production of detectable levels of toxins A and B. The remedial treatment regime caused a less profound and somewhat transient decrease in the number of viable C. difficile cells (p = <0.0001), but still resulted in a lower level of toxin production relative to the control. The numbers of commensal bacteria including total aerobes and anaerobes, Bifidobacterium sp., Bacteroides sp., Lactobacillus sp., total Clostridium sp., and Enterobacteriaceae were not signific... Anaerobe journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3955269 Wed, 01 Sep 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3955269 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3955268&cid=s_34508_77_f&fid=34508&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20816998%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study was detected the presence of periodontopathic pathogens in atheromatous plaques removed from coronary arteries of patients with chronic periodontitis and periodontally healthy subjects by PCR. Our results indicate a significant association between the presence of P. gingivalis and atheromas, and the periodontal bacteria in oral biofilm may find a way to reach arteries. PMID: 20816998 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Anaerobe) Anaerobe journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3955268 Wed, 01 Sep 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3955268 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3955270&cid=s_34508_77_f&fid=34508&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20813196%26dopt%3DAbstract We report two more patients who have bacteremic F. necrophorum pharyngitis. We summarize the clinical presentation of these six patients. All received early diagnosis and excellent response to antibiotics. We speculate that prompt antibiotic treatment may have prevented the more serious Lemierre syndrome. Adolescents and young adults who present with significant pharyngotonsillitis and bacteremic symptoms should have blood cultures and receive antibiotic regimens that treat F. necrophorum. Recognition of such patients might prevent Lemierre syndrome. Fusobacterium necrophorum, a gram-negative anaerobic bacterium, causes both endemic pharyngitis and the Lemierre syndrome. (1) A few case reports have previously documented F. necrophorum bacteremia in pharyngitis patients. (2) (3) (4) Herein ... Anaerobe journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3955270 Sun, 29 Aug 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3955270 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3915842&cid=s_34508_77_f&fid=34508&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20800690%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Williams OM, Brazier J, Peraino V, Goldstein EJ Three cases of Clostridium aldenense bacteremia are reported. C. aldenense is also associated with intra-abdominal infections and closely resembles C. clostridioforme and therefore may be misidentified. C. aldenense may be a more frequent pathogen than appreciated and is generally fluoroquinolone resistant. PMID: 20800690 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Anaerobe) Anaerobe journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3915842 Tue, 24 Aug 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3915842 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3890825&cid=s_34508_77_f&fid=34508&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20723613%26dopt%3DAbstract We present a 6-year old boy with anaerobic meningitis after missed penetrating trauma, stressing the need for a thorough investigation after head trauma. PMID: 20723613 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Anaerobe) Anaerobe journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3890825 Sun, 15 Aug 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3890825 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3872832&cid=s_34508_77_f&fid=34508&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20709181%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion; there was no statistically significant difference between the prevalence of ETBF in diarrheal patients and that of the control group. When the patients and controls were compared for each age group, no statistically significant difference in ETBF rates was found. There was no significant difference between groups with respect to bft subtypes; bft-1 was identified as the most common subtype. The rate of coinfection of ETBF and Rotavirus was high. PMID: 20709181 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Anaerobe) Anaerobe journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3872832 Wed, 11 Aug 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3872832 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3872833&cid=s_34508_77_f&fid=34508&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20708700%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Weese JS, Wakeford T, Reid-Smith R, Rousseau J, Friendship R A longitudinal study of C. difficile colonization in piglets was performed on one conventional swine farm in Ontario, Canada. Fecal samples were collected from 10 sows prior to their expected farrowing date, and then from all their piglets on days 2, 7, 30, 44 and 62 of life. Clostridium difficile was isolated from 4/10 (40%) of sows prior to farrowing, 90/121 (74%) piglets on day 2, 66/117 (56%) on day 7, 45/113 (40%) on day 30, 23/101 (23%) on day 44 and 2/54 (3.7%) on day 62. There was a significant decrease in colonization over time (P<0.0001). Overall, C. difficile was isolated from one or more samples from 116/121 (96%) piglets. There was an inverse association between sow colonization and piglet colonizatio... Anaerobe journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3872833 Tue, 10 Aug 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3872833 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3824193&cid=s_34508_77_f&fid=34508&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20674754%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, we investigated whether or not maternal and neonatal IgA influence the colonization of SFB in conventional mice from 18 to 105 days old. The pups were forcedly weaned at 20 days old. SFB could be detected in the distal small intestine after day 22, and their number rapidly reached a maximum on day 28. Thereafter, they gradually declined to one fourth of the maximum level. The lowest concentrations of IgA in the small intestinal and cecal contents were detected on day 22. Thereafter, they increased as the age of the mice increased. The expression of the polymeric immunoglobulin receptor gene in the distal small intestine increased after weaning. These results suggested that the colonization of SFB in the pre-weaning and post-weaning periods might be prevented with IgA derived... Anaerobe journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3824193 Wed, 28 Jul 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3824193 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3824195&cid=s_34508_77_f&fid=34508&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20670686%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Grimoud J, Durand H, Courtin C, Monsan P, Ouarné F, Theodorou V, Roques C Probiotics and prebiotics have been demonstrated to positively modulate the intestinal microflora and could promote host health. Although some studies have been performed on combinations of probiotics and prebiotics, constituting synbiotics, results on the synergistic effects tend to be discordant in the published works. The first aim of our study was to screen some lactic acid bacteria on the basis of probiotic characteristics (resistance to intestinal conditions, inhibition of pathogenic strains). Bifidobacterium was the most resistant genus whereas Lactobacillus farciminis was strongly inhibited. The inhibitory effect on pathogen growth was strain dependent but lactobacilli were the most effective,... Anaerobe journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3824195 Mon, 26 Jul 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3824195 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3824194&cid=s_34508_77_f&fid=34508&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20670687%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, in Prevotella strains from patients with head-and-neck infections, the resistance rate to penicillin increased, that to clindamycin remained stable and the nonsusceptibility rate to tetracycline decreased during the period. Activity against >99% of Prevotella strains was observed with metronidazole and BL/BLIs. The penicillin resistance and tetracycline nonsusceptibility were associated with the year of study, national antibiotic consumption and possibly with previous treatment (for tetracycline). The evolution of penicillin resistance in Prevotella strains was highly dynamic. PMID: 20670687 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Anaerobe) Anaerobe journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3824194 Sun, 25 Jul 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3824194 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3795240&cid=s_34508_77_f&fid=34508&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20654724%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Martin TG, Smyth JA Clostridium perfringens is a major enteric pathogen that is responsible for causing necrotic enteritis of poultry. The ability to adhere to the host's intestinal epithelium and to extracellular matrix molecules (ECMM) in the gut, are strategies used by numerous bacterial enteropathogens, however, C. perfringens has received comparatively little attention in this respect. The present study investigated sixteen type A C. perfringens isolates from chickens, with varying disease producing ability with respect to necrotic enteritis in chickens, for their ability to adhere to nine different extracellular matrix molecules (ECMM) and to the intestinal epithelial cell line Caco-2. C. perfringens strains were able to bind to ECMMs and there was strain variation. Stra... Anaerobe journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3795240 Mon, 19 Jul 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3795240 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3765033&cid=s_34508_77_f&fid=34508&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20633689%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Lee HI, Kim MH, Kim KY, So JS We attempted to isolate Lactobacillus spp. from the marine oyster (Crassostrea gigas) and select stress resistant strains for development of a future marine aquaculture feed adjuvant. A total of 83 lactobacilli strains were isolated from oyster. They were all Gram-positive, rod-shaped and catalase-negative. By performing a stress resistance assay, we selected eighteen isolates. Based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing, L. paracasei was the most prevalent species among the selected isolates. The in vitro antagonistic effect of the selected strains against fish pathogens was assayed by measurement of inhibition diameters. Except for MH44, MH51, MH53 and MH62, most of the isolates showed inhibition of V. alginolyticus and V. proteolyticus (diameters over 15... Anaerobe journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3765033 Sun, 11 Jul 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3765033 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3750430&cid=s_34508_77_f&fid=34508&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20624475%26dopt%3DAbstract This study shows for the first time the impact of oat grain on the microbial ecology of the human gut and its potential to beneficially modulate the gut microbiota through increasing Bifidobacterium population. PMID: 20624475 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Anaerobe) Anaerobe journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3750430 Thu, 08 Jul 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3750430 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3750432&cid=s_34508_77_f&fid=34508&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20620215%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Swidsinski A, Dörffel Y, Loening-Baucke V, Mendling W, Schilling J, Patterson JL, Verstraelen H Recent data point at the similarity between the perianal and vaginal microflora in terms of Lactobacillus species involved. Bacterial vaginosis, the most common perturbation of the vaginal microflora involving primarily overgrowth of G. vaginalis, has also been suggested to involve a recto-vaginal pathway. We addressed this issue with regard to bacteria of the Bifidobacteriaceae family. In particular, we investigated the putative concordance of the presence of G. vaginalis and a series of Bifidobacteria between the perianal and vaginal microflora in 10 patients with bacterial vaginosis through multicolor fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis of desquamated epithelial cells.... Anaerobe journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3750432 Tue, 06 Jul 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3750432