MedWorm.com provides a medical RSS filtering service. Over 6000 RSS medical sources are combined and output via different filters. This feed contains the latest items from the 'Anesthesiology Clinics of North America' source. Sat, 10 Oct 2009 19:27:45 +0100 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=168245&cid=s_33206_5_f&fid=33206&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D16310652%26dopt%3DAbstract This article examines how anesthesia evolved to serve the needs of children. Discussion includes milestones in technologic advancement related to pediatric anesthetic care and how collaboration among pediatric surgeons, neonatologists, and pediatric anesthesiologists has helped our specialty to progress. Conversely, the significant contributions of pediatric anesthesiology to pediatric critical care medicine, pain management, and pediatric public health care are also presented. PMID: 16310652 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Anesthesiology Clinics of North America) Anesthesiology Clinics of North America journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=168245 Wed, 14 Dec 2005 07:00:00 +0100 168245 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=168244&cid=s_33206_5_f&fid=33206&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D16310653%26dopt%3DAbstract This article discusses the psychologic preparation of children for surgery. PMID: 16310653 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Anesthesiology Clinics of North America) Anesthesiology Clinics of North America journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=168244 Wed, 14 Dec 2005 07:00:00 +0100 168244 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=168243&cid=s_33206_5_f&fid=33206&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D16310654%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Brandom BW The genetic evaluation of the ryanodine type one receptor (RYR1) gene is unlikely to be a useful screening test of malignant hyperthermia susceptibility. But when significant suspicion of malignant hyperthermia has been raised by well-documented clinical events or strong family history, the genetic evaluation of RYR1 could secure a diagnosis and indicate appropriate treatment for both the index patient and many relatives of all ages, including the youngest. PMID: 16310654 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Anesthesiology Clinics of North America) Anesthesiology Clinics of North America journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=168243 Wed, 14 Dec 2005 07:00:00 +0100 168243 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=168242&cid=s_33206_5_f&fid=33206&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D16310655%26dopt%3DAbstract This article addresses the developmental pharmacologic changes that occur with opioids as well as their most common clinical uses. PMID: 16310655 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Anesthesiology Clinics of North America) Anesthesiology Clinics of North America journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=168242 Wed, 14 Dec 2005 07:00:00 +0100 168242 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=168241&cid=s_33206_5_f&fid=33206&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D16310656%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Shankar V, Deshpande JK The demand for safe and effective procedural sedation for children is rapidly increasing because of the increased awareness about procedure-related anxiety even in young infants and children. The development of short-acting sedatives, improved monitoring, and new regulatory requirements have led to the evolution of new paradigms of safe, effective, and resource-efficient systems for providing procedural sedation outside the operating rooms by anesthesiologists and nonanesthesiologists. PMID: 16310656 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Anesthesiology Clinics of North America) Anesthesiology Clinics of North America journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=168241 Wed, 14 Dec 2005 07:00:00 +0100 168241 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=168240&cid=s_33206_5_f&fid=33206&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D16310657%26dopt%3DAbstract This article reviews anesthetic agents, bleeding and coagulation, neurological monitoring, and mechanical circulatory support in the treatment of infants and children. PMID: 16310657 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Anesthesiology Clinics of North America) Anesthesiology Clinics of North America journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=168240 Wed, 14 Dec 2005 07:00:00 +0100 168240 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=168239&cid=s_33206_5_f&fid=33206&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D16310658%26dopt%3DAbstract This article discusses unique aspects of pediatric ventilation in the operating room, limitations of traditional anesthesia machine technology, the features of modern anesthesia ventilators that circumvent these limitations, and presents several comparison studies. PMID: 16310658 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Anesthesiology Clinics of North America) Anesthesiology Clinics of North America journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=168239 Wed, 14 Dec 2005 07:00:00 +0100 168239 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=168238&cid=s_33206_5_f&fid=33206&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D16310659%26dopt%3DAbstract This article focuses on various devices available for single-lung ventilation in the pediatric age group, the relevant respiratory physiology, and the strategies that optimize oxygenation during one-lung anesthesia. PMID: 16310659 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Anesthesiology Clinics of North America) Anesthesiology Clinics of North America journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=168238 Wed, 14 Dec 2005 07:00:00 +0100 168238 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=168237&cid=s_33206_5_f&fid=33206&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D16310660%26dopt%3DAbstract This article discusses the indications, perioperative management, postoperative complications, and patient outcome of pediatric heart transplantation and pediatric lung transplantation. Special emphasis is placed on the anesthetic considerations relevant for children who are undergoing or have received a solid thoracic organ transplant. PMID: 16310660 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Anesthesiology Clinics of North America) Anesthesiology Clinics of North America journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=168237 Wed, 14 Dec 2005 07:00:00 +0100 168237 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=168236&cid=s_33206_5_f&fid=33206&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D16310661%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Theroux MC, Akins RE Cerebral palsy is a spectrum of signs and symptoms resulting from an injury to the brain during its developmental stage. Children with cerebral palsy have disorders that impact their anesthetic management. In particular, abnormalities of the respiratory system, gastrointestinal system, and neuromuscular system must be considered. There is emerging evidence for abnormalities in their neuromuscular junction that potentially increase their anesthetic risk. In addition, there are recent data explaining possible reasons for increased bleeding in these children. PMID: 16310661 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Anesthesiology Clinics of North America) Anesthesiology Clinics of North America journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=168236 Wed, 14 Dec 2005 07:00:00 +0100 168236 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=168235&cid=s_33206_5_f&fid=33206&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D16310662%26dopt%3DAbstract This article discusses the unique anesthetic implications of obesity, with an emphasis on children and adolescents. It also touches on the issues surrounding bariatric surgery in the morbidly obese adolescent population. Adolescent bariatric surgery is moving to the forefront as a treatment modality because weight-loss programs alone are not keeping pace with the growth of the problem. Bariatric surgery offers the potential to achieve the weight reductions necessary to reverse the debilitating and costly comorbidities of obesity. PMID: 16310662 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Anesthesiology Clinics of North America) Anesthesiology Clinics of North America journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=168235 Wed, 14 Dec 2005 07:00:00 +0100 168235 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=168234&cid=s_33206_5_f&fid=33206&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D16310663%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: DiCindio S, Schwartz DM Currently, the detection of emerging injury through intraoperative neurologic monitoring is the best way to prevent neurologic injury. This requires a team approach that includes the anesthesiologist, neurophysiologist, and surgeon. The monitoring modalities available for the patient must be considered in planning the anesthetic management. In addition, intraoperative care for the patient requires an ongoing attention to how the anesthetic drugs affect spinal cord monitoring. PMID: 16310663 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Anesthesiology Clinics of North America) Anesthesiology Clinics of North America journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=168234 Wed, 14 Dec 2005 07:00:00 +0100 168234 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=168233&cid=s_33206_5_f&fid=33206&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D16310664%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Brislin RP, Rose JB Children are benefiting from the advances made in developmental neurobiology and analgesic pharmacology over the past few decades. Heightened public awareness and increased political pressure from external regulatory agencies are helping to maintain the momentum in improving pediatric pain management. As a result, methods of assessing and managing children's pain are being refined, and new modalities of pain relief are being explored. This review summarizes selected current topics in pediatric acute pain management, with the major emphasis on acute postoperative pain management. PMID: 16310664 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Anesthesiology Clinics of North America) Anesthesiology Clinics of North America journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=168233 Wed, 14 Dec 2005 07:00:00 +0100 168233 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=168232&cid=s_33206_5_f&fid=33206&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D16310665%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Zwass MS The future of regional anesthesia in children is to continue to use current techniques, but also to search for ways to make them easier to employ. The potential development of safe local anesthetic agents with much longer durations, will serve to facilitate improvements in the techniques and styles of practice. The advances in minimally invasive surgical techniques do not mean that regional techniques will not be necessary, but will result in an adaptation of techniques. Peripheral nerve blockade and local wound infiltration can still be used and in some instances, may be very appropriate. PMID: 16310665 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Anesthesiology Clinics of North America) Anesthesiology Clinics of North America journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=168232 Wed, 14 Dec 2005 07:00:00 +0100 168232 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=168231&cid=s_33206_5_f&fid=33206&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D16310666%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Himelstein BP Palliative care for children is not about dying; rather, it is about helping children and families to live to their fullest and to restore wholeness while facing complex medical conditions. Family centered pediatric palliative care is the art and science of improving quality of life and attending to suffering for children with life-threatening conditions; the basic principles are presented and discussed in this article. PMID: 16310666 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Anesthesiology Clinics of North America) Anesthesiology Clinics of North America journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=168231 Wed, 14 Dec 2005 07:00:00 +0100 168231 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=168230&cid=s_33206_5_f&fid=33206&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D16310667%26dopt%3DAbstract This article outlines a multidimensional strategy for pediatric anesthesiology to sustain its progress as a profession and contribute to the health of our children. PMID: 16310667 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Anesthesiology Clinics of North America) Anesthesiology Clinics of North America journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=168230 Wed, 14 Dec 2005 07:00:00 +0100 168230 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=168257&cid=s_33206_5_f&fid=33206&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D16005819%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Polk SL The incidence of obesity is increasing yearly among adults and children in the United States and worldwide. Although there is a significant genetic component to obesity, the genome has not changed. The epidemic is caused by an increase in dietary fat and caloric input and a decrease in physical activity. There are significant racial, ethnic, and sociologic differences in all categories of obesity as well as in the disease burden it brings. The effects of the obesity epidemic are considerable, second only to tobacco use in the expenditure of health care dollars and as a cause of premature mortality. PMID: 16005819 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Anesthesiology Clinics of North America) Anesthesiology Clinics of North America journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=168257 Wed, 14 Sep 2005 06:00:00 +0100 168257 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=168256&cid=s_33206_5_f&fid=33206&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D16005820%26dopt%3DAbstract This article reviews the terminology of obstructive sleep apnea and the associated diagnostic tests and provides an overview of the risk factors for this chronic condition. Sleep apnea affects 2% to 4% of middle-aged working adults in the general population, however, a considerable number of affected individuals remain undiagnosed. Patients with the disease may be at a higher risk for adverse perioperative outcomes. Knowledge of factors associated with an increased risk of obstructive sleep apnea is vital to the perioperative assessment and anesthetic plan. PMID: 16005820 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Anesthesiology Clinics of North America) Anesthesiology Clinics of North America journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=168256 Wed, 14 Sep 2005 06:00:00 +0100 168256 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=168255&cid=s_33206_5_f&fid=33206&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D16005821%26dopt%3DAbstract This article builds on the well-known changes that occur with obesity by drawing from recent advances reported in the literature for an improved understanding of obese patients. The dissemination of information regarding the health risks with being overweight or obese to both the public and the health care community are widespread and effective from a public health perspective. The mechanisms underlying these associated risks must continue to be explored for physicians' knowledge to truly increase, and lead to advances in our understanding of the pathophysiology of obesity. PMID: 16005821 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Anesthesiology Clinics of North America) Anesthesiology Clinics of North America journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=168255 Wed, 14 Sep 2005 06:00:00 +0100 168255 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=168254&cid=s_33206_5_f&fid=33206&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D16005822%26dopt%3DAbstract This article explores the physiologic basis and symptoms of obstructive sleep apnea--a general term encompassing central sleep apnea and obstructive sleep apnea. The former is relatively uncommon while the latter is much more common. Episodic collapse and blockage of the upper airway occur during sleep despite continuous respiratory effort. Three types of sleep obstructive breathing--apnea, hypopnea, and airway resistance--are associated with respiratory-related arousals from sleep. PMID: 16005822 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Anesthesiology Clinics of North America) Anesthesiology Clinics of North America journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=168254 Wed, 14 Sep 2005 06:00:00 +0100 168254 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=168253&cid=s_33206_5_f&fid=33206&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D16005823%26dopt%3DAbstract This article reviews current knowledge about a genetic approach to the causes and risk factors for sleep apnea. Recent evidence suggests that genetic variability may play a significant causal role in the pathogenesis of obstructive sleep apnea. The data supporting a genetic influence on sleep apnea, and the perioperative management of patients with sleep apnea are examined. PMID: 16005823 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Anesthesiology Clinics of North America) Anesthesiology Clinics of North America journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=168253 Wed, 14 Sep 2005 06:00:00 +0100 168253 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=168252&cid=s_33206_5_f&fid=33206&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D16005824%26dopt%3DAbstract This article discusses the preoperative evaluation of patients with one or both of these conditions. The goals of the preoperative assessment are to identify issues that can adversely affect the patient. This information is critical to forming an effective plan for the perioperative care of the patient. PMID: 16005824 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Anesthesiology Clinics of North America) Anesthesiology Clinics of North America journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=168252 Wed, 14 Sep 2005 06:00:00 +0100 168252 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=168251&cid=s_33206_5_f&fid=33206&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D16005825%26dopt%3DAbstract This article discusses the intraoperative issues in the care of patients with obesity, including airway management, pharmacokinetics, perioperative positioning, regional anesthesia, the intensity of monitoring required, laparoscopy, and minimizing hypoxia during anesthesia. PMID: 16005825 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Anesthesiology Clinics of North America) Anesthesiology Clinics of North America journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=168251 Wed, 14 Sep 2005 06:00:00 +0100 168251 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=168250&cid=s_33206_5_f&fid=33206&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D16005826%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Bell RL, Rosenbaum SH Sleep apnea and obesity are prevalent and often coexisting conditions that challenge medical, anesthetic, and surgical treatment. It is essential to possess knowledge of the magnitude of the sleep disorder as well as concomitant medical comorbidities. Management of obese patients requires a thorough preoperative evaluation and appraisal of anesthetic and operative risks. Postoperatively, these patients can present an additional challenge. PMID: 16005826 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Anesthesiology Clinics of North America) Anesthesiology Clinics of North America journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=168250 Wed, 14 Sep 2005 06:00:00 +0100 168250 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=168249&cid=s_33206_5_f&fid=33206&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D16005827%26dopt%3DAbstract This article reviews surgical and nonsurgical options in the management of morbidly obese patients. Overweight and obese individuals should be treated with diet, exercise, and behavioral therapy. The failure of this approach is an indication for pharmacologic therapy. Bariatric surgery reduces obesity-related complications and reduces long-term morbidity, mortality, and health care resources use. PMID: 16005827 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Anesthesiology Clinics of North America) Anesthesiology Clinics of North America journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=168249 Wed, 14 Sep 2005 06:00:00 +0100 168249 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=168248&cid=s_33206_5_f&fid=33206&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D16005828%26dopt%3DAbstract This article reviews the various treatments currently available for obstructive sleep apnea and discusses some newer and more controversial therapies. Decisions regarding the best treatment should be aimed at relieving the unique levels of obstruction in each patient. Increased controlled outcome trials will be needed to assess the success of each therapy in certain subpopulations in comparison with CPAP. As these data become available, the roles of each therapy will become clearer in treating this major health problem. PMID: 16005828 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Anesthesiology Clinics of North America) Anesthesiology Clinics of North America journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=168248 Wed, 14 Sep 2005 06:00:00 +0100 168248 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=168247&cid=s_33206_5_f&fid=33206&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D16005829%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Bandla P, Brooks LJ, Trimarchi T, Helfaer M Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome is characterized by recurrent episodes of partial or complete obstruction of the upper airway during sleep. This results in the disruption of normal ventilation and sleep patterns. The symptoms, polysomnographic findings, pathophysiology, and treatment of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome are significantly different in children from those seen in adults. PMID: 16005829 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Anesthesiology Clinics of North America) Anesthesiology Clinics of North America journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=168247 Wed, 14 Sep 2005 06:00:00 +0100 168247 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=168246&cid=s_33206_5_f&fid=33206&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D16005830%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Freid EB Pulmonary aspiration is a cause of anesthesia-related morbidity and mortality, with little change in incidence over the past 20 years. Rapid sequence induction is a common procedure in obese patients, who appear to be more at risk for both pulmonary gastric aspiration and difficult airways, and is required in obese and sleep apnea syndrome patients with symptomatic gastroesophageal reflux or other predisposing conditions. In the elective obese or sleep apnea patient with no other risk factors for pulmonary aspiration, the risks and benefits of rapid sequence induction and cricoid pressure should be weighed. If rapid sequence induction is required, succinylcholine remains the neuromuscular blocking agent of choice, if there are no contraindications. PMID: 16005830 ... Anesthesiology Clinics of North America journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=168246 Wed, 14 Sep 2005 06:00:00 +0100 168246 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=168269&cid=s_33206_5_f&fid=33206&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D15922896%26dopt%3DAbstract This article discusses advances in blood safety during the last 20 years, particularly for prevention of transfusion-transmitted viral infections. Although the most serious known risks from blood transfusion are administrative errors, transfusion-related acute lung injury, and bacterial contamination in platelet products, infection from emerging pathogens such as West Nile virus emphasizes the need for implementing proactive strategies. Pathogen inactivation technologies and reactive strategies such as nucleic acid testing ensure continued advances in blood safety. PMID: 15922896 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Anesthesiology Clinics of North America) Anesthesiology Clinics of North America journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=168269 Tue, 14 Jun 2005 06:00:00 +0100 168269 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=168268&cid=s_33206_5_f&fid=33206&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D15922897%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Stainsby D In the past two decades, health services in the developed world have directed much resource toward improving the safety of the blood supply. Blood is collected, tested, and processed within a carefully controlled environment, and quality is assured by rigorous donor selection procedures and increasingly sensitive and sophisticated testing for transfusion-transmitted pathogens. Additional safety strategies implemented by some blood services include leukocyte reduction, bacterial screening, and pathogen inactivation. Thus, the transfusion chain from the donor to the point of issue from the blood center is highly regulated and secure, and transfusion-transmitted infection is an increasingly rare event. PMID: 15922897 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Anesthes... Anesthesiology Clinics of North America journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=168268 Tue, 14 Jun 2005 06:00:00 +0100 168268 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=168267&cid=s_33206_5_f&fid=33206&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D15922898%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Goodnough LT Preoperative autologous blood donation has become accepted as a standard practice in elective surgery. Subsequent improvements in blood safety and evolving surgical techniques resulting in less blood loss have caused a national decline in preoperative autologous blood donation by approximately 50%. Nevertheless, the continuing emergence of new pathogens and the potential for severe blood inventory shortages continue to give preoperative autologous blood donation an important role in blood conservation strategies. PMID: 15922898 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Anesthesiology Clinics of North America) Anesthesiology Clinics of North America journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=168267 Tue, 14 Jun 2005 06:00:00 +0100 168267 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=168266&cid=s_33206_5_f&fid=33206&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D15922899%26dopt%3DAbstract This article examines the technique of hemodilution and the consequences, benefits, efficacy, cost effectiveness, and future of acute normovolemic hemodilution. PMID: 15922899 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Anesthesiology Clinics of North America) Anesthesiology Clinics of North America journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=168266 Tue, 14 Jun 2005 06:00:00 +0100 168266 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=168265&cid=s_33206_5_f&fid=33206&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D15922900%26dopt%3DAbstract This article describes the intraoperative washed cell salvage process and principles of cell salvage technology and addresses the parameters that can maximize the effectiveness of the process. Used appropriately, this technique can be used to recover and readminister several blood volumes of red cells. PMID: 15922900 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Anesthesiology Clinics of North America) Anesthesiology Clinics of North America journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=168265 Tue, 14 Jun 2005 06:00:00 +0100 168265 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=168264&cid=s_33206_5_f&fid=33206&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D15922901%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Spence RK, Parce P There are a number of safe and cost-effective therapeutic options for the potential management of all patients without allogeneic blood transfusion. Orthopedic surgeons should consider blood management using these options for all patients to provide them with safe and effective therapy, while minimizing the risks of allogeneic blood and preserving our decreasing blood resources. PMID: 15922901 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Anesthesiology Clinics of North America) Anesthesiology Clinics of North America journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=168264 Tue, 14 Jun 2005 06:00:00 +0100 168264 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=168263&cid=s_33206_5_f&fid=33206&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D15922902%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Keating EM Major elective orthopedic surgery may be associated with significant blood loss and allogeneic transfusion risk. Identifying patients at risk for allogeneic transfusion is best accomplished with a thorough preoperative evaluation of the patient's hematopoietic system, which, unfortunately, is not always carried out. An evaluation of the hematopoietic system begins with an evaluation of the patient's hemoglobin level a minimum of 30 days before the scheduled surgical procedure. This allows for expedited diagnosis and treatment of underlying comorbidities. An unexplained low level of hemoglobin or a hemoglobin level low enough to increase the patient's allogeneic risk should cause elective surgery to be deferred until an evaluation can be preformed and blood managemen... Anesthesiology Clinics of North America journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=168263 Tue, 14 Jun 2005 06:00:00 +0100 168263 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=168262&cid=s_33206_5_f&fid=33206&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D15922903%26dopt%3DAbstract This article discusses the impact of anemia in the context of the perioperative setting. Relevant data from animal and human studies, the adaptive mechanisms in anemia, and current views on transfusion triggers are evaluated. Recommendations are provided for the anesthesiologist for transfusion of red blood cells. PMID: 15922903 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Anesthesiology Clinics of North America) Anesthesiology Clinics of North America journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=168262 Tue, 14 Jun 2005 06:00:00 +0100 168262 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=168261&cid=s_33206_5_f&fid=33206&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D15922904%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Shander A, Rijhwani TS Bleeding during and after cardiac operations and the effects of cardiopulmonary bypass hemodilution commonly result in blood transfusions. Excessive microvascular bleeding can result in re-exploration and prolonged hospitalization. Nearly 20% of all blood transfusions in the United States are associated with cardiac surgery. The risks associated with the use of allogeneic blood product transfusion include mistransfusion, immunologic complications, and transmission of infectious diseases. The large demand for blood products places significant pressure on the national blood supply, resulting in frequent shortages. The variability in transfusion practice of cardiac surgery patients suggests that sound blood management and a conservative approach to this pop... Anesthesiology Clinics of North America journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=168261 Tue, 14 Jun 2005 06:00:00 +0100 168261 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=168260&cid=s_33206_5_f&fid=33206&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D15922905%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Weldon BC This review focuses on perioperative blood conservation techniques and the role of transfusion triggers and algorithms, preoperative autologous donation, acute normovolemic hemodilution, intraoperative blood salvage, deliberate hypotension, and preoperative recombinant human erythropoietin in avoiding allogeneic blood transfusion in pediatric patients. PMID: 15922905 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Anesthesiology Clinics of North America) Anesthesiology Clinics of North America journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=168260 Tue, 14 Jun 2005 06:00:00 +0100 168260 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=168259&cid=s_33206_5_f&fid=33206&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D15922906%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Corwin HL This review focuses on transfusion practice in the critically ill. PMID: 15922906 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Anesthesiology Clinics of North America) Anesthesiology Clinics of North America journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=168259 Tue, 14 Jun 2005 06:00:00 +0100 168259 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=168258&cid=s_33206_5_f&fid=33206&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D15922907%26dopt%3DAbstract This article describes currently evaluated artificial O2 carriers, summarizes their efficacy, and discusses their side effects, based on and restricted to published data. For compounds in phase III testing, approximately 500 to 1000 patients have been dosed, and similar numbers of control patients have been investigated. For compounds in phase I or II testing, the number of patients dosed is significantly less. Unfortunately, there is a significant amount of nonpublished data, which renders the overall assessment difficult, and the direct comparison among different types of artificial O2 carriers is significantly limited by the virtual nonexistence of studies that directly compare different products. PMID: 15922907 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Anesthesiology Clinics of North... Anesthesiology Clinics of North America journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=168258 Tue, 14 Jun 2005 06:00:00 +0100 168258 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=168282&cid=s_33206_5_f&fid=33206&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D15763408%26dopt%3DAbstract This article reviews studies on a rat plantar hindpaw model for postoperative pain and proposes mechanisms for enhanced excitability of sensory neurons caused by incisions. PMID: 15763408 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Anesthesiology Clinics of North America) Anesthesiology Clinics of North America journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=168282 Mon, 14 Mar 2005 07:00:00 +0100 168282 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=168281&cid=s_33206_5_f&fid=33206&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D15763409%26dopt%3DAbstract This article reviews the physiologic and psychologic consequences of inadequately treated pain, with an emphasis on chronic persistent postoperative pain. PMID: 15763409 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Anesthesiology Clinics of North America) Anesthesiology Clinics of North America journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=168281 Mon, 14 Mar 2005 07:00:00 +0100 168281 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=168280&cid=s_33206_5_f&fid=33206&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D15763410%26dopt%3DAbstract This article presents a practical approach to treating postoperative pain in the chronic opioid-consuming patient. Specifically, a technique based on pharmacokinetic modeling is described that predicts safe and therapeutic opioid dosing in these patients. PMID: 15763410 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Anesthesiology Clinics of North America) Anesthesiology Clinics of North America journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=168280 Mon, 14 Mar 2005 07:00:00 +0100 168280 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=168279&cid=s_33206_5_f&fid=33206&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D15763411%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Gajraj NM, Joshi GP Cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 inhibitors are as efficacious as nonselective nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for the treatment of postoperative pain but have the advantages of a better gastrointestinal side-effect profile as well as a lack of antiplatelet effects. There have been recent concerns regarding the cardiovascular side effects of COX-2 inhibitors. Nonetheless, they remain a valuable option for postoperative pain management. The pharmacology of these agents and available studies are reviewed. PMID: 15763411 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Anesthesiology Clinics of North America) Anesthesiology Clinics of North America journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=168279 Mon, 14 Mar 2005 07:00:00 +0100 168279 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=168278&cid=s_33206_5_f&fid=33206&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D15763412%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: White JL, Durieux ME Whereas currently available local anesthetics may be suitable for intraoperative and in-hospital postoperative use, long-acting analgesia after outpatient procedures will require new techniques and drugs. Catheter delivery systems are rapidly gaining clinical acceptance and allow for great flexibility in dosing. Encapsulated local anesthetics can provide the slow release of drugs. Novel, long-acting local anesthetics are being investigated but are not yet ready for clinical use. In addition to the effects on the sodium channel, other actions of these novel compounds need to be explored, because both beneficial and detrimental effects may be induced with these compounds. PMID: 15763412 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Anesthesiology Clinics of No... Anesthesiology Clinics of North America journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=168278 Mon, 14 Mar 2005 07:00:00 +0100 168278 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=168277&cid=s_33206_5_f&fid=33206&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D15763413%26dopt%3DAbstract This article reviews the literature regarding use of analgesic adjuncts in the perioperative period. PMID: 15763413 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Anesthesiology Clinics of North America) Anesthesiology Clinics of North America journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=168277 Mon, 14 Mar 2005 07:00:00 +0100 168277 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=168276&cid=s_33206_5_f&fid=33206&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D15763414%26dopt%3DAbstract This article reviews some of the factors that could limit the usefulness of intravenous patient-controlled analgesia in the clinical setting and what strategies might allow patient-controlled analgesia to become more effective. PMID: 15763414 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Anesthesiology Clinics of North America) Anesthesiology Clinics of North America journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=168276 Mon, 14 Mar 2005 07:00:00 +0100 168276 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=168275&cid=s_33206_5_f&fid=33206&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D15763415%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Richman JM, Wu CL Epidural analgesia provides superior analgesia compared with other postoperative analgesic techniques. Additionally, perioperative epidural analgesia confers physiologic benefits, which may potentially decrease perioperative complications and improve postoperative outcome. However, there are many variables (eg, choice of analgesics, catheter-incision congruency, and duration of analgesia) that may influence the efficacy of epidural analgesia. In addition, the use of epidural analgesia should be evaluated on an individual basis because there are risks associated with this technique. PMID: 15763415 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Anesthesiology Clinics of North America) Anesthesiology Clinics of North America journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=168275 Mon, 14 Mar 2005 07:00:00 +0100 168275 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=168274&cid=s_33206_5_f&fid=33206&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D15763416%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Evans H, Steele SM, Nielsen KC, Tucker MS, Klein SM Peripheral nerve blocks provide intense, site-specific analgesia and are associated with a lower incidence of side effects when compared with many other modalities of postoperative analgesia. Continuous catheter techniques further prolong these benefits. These advantages can facilitate a prompt recovery and discharge and achieve significant perioperative cost savings. This is of tremendous value in a modern health care system that stresses cost-effective use of resources and a continued shift toward shorter hospital stay as well as outpatient surgery. PMID: 15763416 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Anesthesiology Clinics of North America) Anesthesiology Clinics of North America journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=168274 Mon, 14 Mar 2005 07:00:00 +0100 168274 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=168273&cid=s_33206_5_f&fid=33206&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D15763417%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Verghese ST, Hannallah RS There is increased awareness of the need for effective postoperative analgesia in infants and young children. A multi-modal approach to preventing and treating pain usually is used. Mild analgesics, local and regional analgesia, and opioids when indicated, frequently are combined to minimize adverse effects of individual drugs or techniques. PMID: 15763417 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Anesthesiology Clinics of North America) Anesthesiology Clinics of North America journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=168273 Mon, 14 Mar 2005 07:00:00 +0100 168273 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=168272&cid=s_33206_5_f&fid=33206&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D15763418%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Joshi GP The concept of multimodal analgesia involves the use of different classes of analgesics and different sites of analgesic administration to provide superior dynamic pain relief with reduced analgesic-related side effects. Although multimodal analgesia techniques have assumed increasing importance in the management of perioperative pain, it has become increasingly apparent that postoperative outcome may not be improved. Nevertheless, the integration of multimodal analgesia techniques with a multimodal and multidisciplinary rehabilitation program may enhance recovery, reduce hospital stay, and facilitate early convalescence. PMID: 15763418 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Anesthesiology Clinics of North America) Anesthesiology Clinics of North America journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=168272 Mon, 14 Mar 2005 07:00:00 +0100 168272 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=168271&cid=s_33206_5_f&fid=33206&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D15763419%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Kehlet H Procedure-specific postoperative pain management guidelines arguably are more helpful to the clinician than general pain guidelines or guidelines based on the use of the Oxford League Tables. Two sources, the United States Veteran's Health Administration and the European Prospect Working Group, offer websites that include surgical procedure-specific postoperative pain management guidelines, which are available and currently updated. PMID: 15763419 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Anesthesiology Clinics of North America) Anesthesiology Clinics of North America journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=168271 Mon, 14 Mar 2005 07:00:00 +0100 168271 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=168270&cid=s_33206_5_f&fid=33206&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D15763420%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Rawal N Undertreatment of postoperative pain continues to be a major problem internationally. The solution does not seem to be the development of new analgesic drugs or technologies but the development of an appropriate organization that utilizes existing expertise. Evidence suggests that the introduction of an Acute Pain Service (APS) reduces patients' pain intensity, but other outcome benefits are modest. Although the number of hospitals with an APS is increasing, the literature is unclear about the optimal structure, staffing, and function. There is a need for the development of well-defined APS criteria with which to assess performance and compare with national standards. PMID: 15763420 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Anesthesiology Clinics of North America) Anesthesiology Clinics of North America journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=168270 Mon, 14 Mar 2005 07:00:00 +0100 168270 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=168298&cid=s_33206_5_f&fid=33206&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D15541926%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Braunfeld MY The diagnosis of brain death describes the final catastrophic state of a person for whom, except for ventilators and pharmacology, death would surely have already intervened. Although we think of death as an ending, if the patient becomes an organ donor it is also a beginning. For, at the moment we lose one patient, we potentially gain others in the fortunate recipients of viable grafts. PMID: 15541926 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Anesthesiology Clinics of North America) Anesthesiology Clinics of North America journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=168298 Tue, 14 Dec 2004 07:00:00 +0100 168298 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=168297&cid=s_33206_5_f&fid=33206&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D15541927%26dopt%3DAbstract This article provides an overview of medical and ethical concerns for those who decide to become living donors and those who care for them in the perioperative period. PMID: 15541927 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Anesthesiology Clinics of North America) Anesthesiology Clinics of North America journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=168297 Tue, 14 Dec 2004 07:00:00 +0100 168297 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=168296&cid=s_33206_5_f&fid=33206&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D15541928%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Lemmens HJ Kidney transplantation is the treatment of choice for patients with end-stage renal disease. After receiving a transplant, survival rates are higher and comorbidities may resolve. As a consequence, more patients with significant comorbidities such as advanced cardiovascular disease will present for transplantation. This review highlights commonly encountered issues in patients undergoing kidney transplantation and recommendations are made for their anesthetic management. PMID: 15541928 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Anesthesiology Clinics of North America) Anesthesiology Clinics of North America journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=168296 Tue, 14 Dec 2004 07:00:00 +0100 168296 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=168295&cid=s_33206_5_f&fid=33206&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D15541929%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Larson-Wadd K, Belani KG Transplantation of the pancreas or islet cells constitutes surgical treatment for patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Pancreas transplantation is now an established procedure for the surgical treatment of diabetes mellitus. Islet cell transplantation has the potential to be the procedure of choice once it becomes more routine because of the minimal surgery involved. Included in this chapter are the pathophysiology of diabetes, rationale for transplantation, and the surgical procedure itself. PMID: 15541929 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Anesthesiology Clinics of North America) Anesthesiology Clinics of North America journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=168295 Tue, 14 Dec 2004 07:00:00 +0100 168295 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=168294&cid=s_33206_5_f&fid=33206&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D15541930%26dopt%3DAbstract This article discusses the evaluation process for candidate selection, including work-up for vascular access and hypercoagulability, intraoperative management of patients (including appropriate monitoring, hemodynamic changes, fluid management, surgical techniques, and effects of immunosuppressants), and patient survival and outcome. PMID: 15541930 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Anesthesiology Clinics of North America) Anesthesiology Clinics of North America journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=168294 Tue, 14 Dec 2004 07:00:00 +0100 168294 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=168293&cid=s_33206_5_f&fid=33206&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D15541931%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Steadman RH Liver transplantation offers patients with liver disease an optimal chance for long-term survival. Current indications, preoperative assessment, patient selection, intraoperative anesthetic management and outcomes are described. The management of special situations, including retransplantation, pediatric transplantation, and fulminant hepatic failure are also reviewed. The success of liver transplantation has led to increased demand. This demand, coupled with a nonexpanding supply of deceased donor organs, has resulted in a shortage of grafts and prolonged waiting times. Novel solutions using segmental liver grafts from living donors, and the challenges associated with this approach, are discussed. PMID: 15541931 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Anesthes... Anesthesiology Clinics of North America journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=168293 Tue, 14 Dec 2004 07:00:00 +0100 168293 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=168292&cid=s_33206_5_f&fid=33206&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D15541932%26dopt%3DAbstract This article presents the most salient advances in liver and intestinal transplantation in the last 15 years. PMID: 15541932 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Anesthesiology Clinics of North America) Anesthesiology Clinics of North America journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=168292 Tue, 14 Dec 2004 07:00:00 +0100 168292 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=168291&cid=s_33206_5_f&fid=33206&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D15541933%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Jacque JJ Multivisceral transplantation is defined as the en bloc transplantation of three or more abdominal organs. Although multivisceral transplant recipients do not yet enjoy the same survival rates as renal and liver transplant recipients, this procedure can be life saving and has shown improvements in survival rates over time. Advances in immunosuppression hold promise for the future of multivisceral transplantation. PMID: 15541933 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Anesthesiology Clinics of North America) Anesthesiology Clinics of North America journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=168291 Tue, 14 Dec 2004 07:00:00 +0100 168291 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=168290&cid=s_33206_5_f&fid=33206&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D15541934%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Shanewise J Cardiac transplantation is a proven, accepted mode of therapy for selected patients with end-stage heart failure, but the inadequate number of suitable donor hearts available ultimately limits its application. This chapter reviews adult cardiac transplantation, with an emphasis on the anesthetic considerations of the heart transplant operation itself. PMID: 15541934 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Anesthesiology Clinics of North America) Anesthesiology Clinics of North America journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=168290 Tue, 14 Dec 2004 07:00:00 +0100 168290 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=168289&cid=s_33206_5_f&fid=33206&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D15541935%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Rosenberg AL, Rao M, Benedict PE Anesthetic challenges regarding lung transplantation are related to the expanded spectrum of diseases for which lung transplantation is offered and to the interval changes in health status likely to occur as patients wait longer for an organ to become available. Particular attention to avoiding or reducing the impact of increases in pulmonary vascular resistance and right heart failure are important and may necessitate cardiopulmonary bypass. Intraoperative and postoperative ventilator management should account for differences in pulmonary compliance after the new lung is implanted. Minimizing intravenous fluids without compromising end organ perfusion may avoid or reduce postoperative respiratory insufficiency. PMID: 15541935 [PubMed - ind... Anesthesiology Clinics of North America journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=168289 Tue, 14 Dec 2004 07:00:00 +0100 168289 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=168288&cid=s_33206_5_f&fid=33206&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D15541936%26dopt%3DAbstract This article focuses on the more recent surgical advances in donor selection and management, procurement and implantation, and the impact of these advances on patient outcome. PMID: 15541936 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Anesthesiology Clinics of North America) Anesthesiology Clinics of North America journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=168288 Tue, 14 Dec 2004 07:00:00 +0100 168288 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=168287&cid=s_33206_5_f&fid=33206&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D15541937%26dopt%3DAbstract This article presents an overview of the unique problems and the strategies to solve them in this population. PMID: 15541937 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Anesthesiology Clinics of North America) Anesthesiology Clinics of North America journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=168287 Tue, 14 Dec 2004 07:00:00 +0100 168287 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=168286&cid=s_33206_5_f&fid=33206&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D15541938%26dopt%3DAbstract This article reviews the anesthetic concerns for patients who have undergone a variety of organ transplants. PMID: 15541938 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Anesthesiology Clinics of North America) Anesthesiology Clinics of North America journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=168286 Tue, 14 Dec 2004 07:00:00 +0100 168286 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=168285&cid=s_33206_5_f&fid=33206&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D15541939%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Punch JD The definitive treatment of patients with acute liver failure is liver transplantation. Organ Procurement and Transplantation Network status 1 patients receive priority, but the median waiting time in 2002 was 11 days. Patients who are small or have an unusual blood type are expected to wait even longer. Because cerebral edema and death may occur before a liver is available, numerous methods of bridging patients to transplantation by artificial means have been proposed. To date, no system of hepatic support has been proven effective at delaying the onset of cerebral edema in controlled trials. PMID: 15541939 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Anesthesiology Clinics of North America) Anesthesiology Clinics of North America journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=168285 Tue, 14 Dec 2004 07:00:00 +0100 168285 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=168284&cid=s_33206_5_f&fid=33206&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D15541940%26dopt%3DAbstract This article reviews the basis for the demand for xenotransplantation, the obstacles to clinical application, and potential approaches to overcoming those obstacles. PMID: 15541940 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Anesthesiology Clinics of North America) Anesthesiology Clinics of North America journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=168284 Tue, 14 Dec 2004 07:00:00 +0100 168284 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=168283&cid=s_33206_5_f&fid=33206&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D15541941%26dopt%3DAbstract This article reviews the scant literature that exists describing the interface between anesthesiologists and marrow donors and islet recipients, introduces the issues surrounding future stem cell transplantation technologies, and describes pretranslational cell transplant applications that are closest to clinical trials. PMID: 15541941 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Anesthesiology Clinics of North America) Anesthesiology Clinics of North America journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=168283 Tue, 14 Dec 2004 07:00:00 +0100 168283 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=168311&cid=s_33206_5_f&fid=33206&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D15325709%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Jackson SH, Cheung EC Anesthesiologists routinely are exposed to occupational hazards, such as hepatitis B and C, which are potentially lethal. The development of a vaccine has virtually eliminated the hazard for hepatitis B, if the anesthesiologist undergoes a successful vaccination series. There is no vaccine for hepatitis C, which ultimately leads to liver failure and hepatocellular carcinoma. The most likely transmission source to anesthesiologists is their accidental exposure to the blood of patients infected with hepatitis C (2% of the US population). Early diagnosis and pharmacologic treatment of hepatitis B and C can significantly diminish or even cure these diseases. PMID: 15325709 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Anesthesiology Clinics of North America) Anesthesiology Clinics of North America journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=168311 Tue, 14 Sep 2004 06:00:00 +0100 168311 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=168310&cid=s_33206_5_f&fid=33206&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D15325710%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Hughes SC Human immunodeficiency virus [HIV disease or acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)] is the greatest health crisis of the twentieth and early twenty-first century. In sub-Saharan Africa, the epidemic rivals the "Black Death" of fourteenth-century Europe. AIDS is a multiorgan disease that has broad implications for anesthesiologists. New drug therapies are highly effective in most cases and have significant potential for drug interactions. The purpose of this article is to help anesthesiologists better manage persons who have HIV/AIDS in the operating room, labor and delivery suite, and other areas in which this patient population will require an increasing amount of care. PMID: 15325710 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Anesthesiology Clinics of North Am... Anesthesiology Clinics of North America journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=168310 Tue, 14 Sep 2004 06:00:00 +0100 168310 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=168309&cid=s_33206_5_f&fid=33206&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D15325711%26dopt%3DAbstract This article discusses the pathogenesis, epidemiology, treatment, and prevention of MRSA infections in critically ill patients. PMID: 15325711 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Anesthesiology Clinics of North America) Anesthesiology Clinics of North America journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=168309 Tue, 14 Sep 2004 06:00:00 +0100 168309 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=168308&cid=s_33206_5_f&fid=33206&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D15325712%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Stackhouse RA Respiratory infectious diseases such as severe acute respiratory syndrome and tuberculosis create unique risks for anyone who may be exposed. A brief history of each disease is discussed in this article. The pathogenesis, manifestations, and therapy (where applicable) are also addressed. Recommendations for limiting secondary transmission are given based on the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention guidelines on infection control in health care facilities. PMID: 15325712 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Anesthesiology Clinics of North America) Anesthesiology Clinics of North America journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=168308 Tue, 14 Sep 2004 06:00:00 +0100 168308 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=168307&cid=s_33206_5_f&fid=33206&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D15325713%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Katz JD Hand washing is considered the single most important intervention for prevention of nosocomial infections in patients and health care workers. Unfortunately, compliance with standard protocols for hand hygiene in the health care environment, and especially within intensive care areas such as operating rooms and post-anesthesia care units, has been generally poor. In this article, we consider the current standards for hand hygiene as they pertain to the practice of anesthesiology. We discuss the consequences of poor compliance with hand washing practices for patient and health care provider safety. And we describe modern innovations in hand washing procedures and products that improve the opportunities for anesthesiologists to employ safe hand hygiene. PMID: 1532571... Anesthesiology Clinics of North America journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=168307 Tue, 14 Sep 2004 06:00:00 +0100 168307 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=168306&cid=s_33206_5_f&fid=33206&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D15325714%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Keegan MT, Brown DR Perioperative antibiotic administration and anesthetic practice have major impacts on infectious complications. Anesthesiologists need to place high importance on perioperative antibiotic administration to allow patients to receive optimal benefit from this therapy and to minimize risk. Many aspects of perioperative care ranging from thermoregulation to glycemic control may have profound longterm affects on infection rate and thereby patient outcome. PMID: 15325714 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Anesthesiology Clinics of North America) Anesthesiology Clinics of North America journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=168306 Tue, 14 Sep 2004 06:00:00 +0100 168306 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=168305&cid=s_33206_5_f&fid=33206&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D15325715%26dopt%3DAbstract This article presents data on the risk of transmission of these viruses after needle sticks, offers strategies for prevention of injuries from sharp objects, and discusses postexposure prophylaxis recommendations. PMID: 15325715 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Anesthesiology Clinics of North America) Anesthesiology Clinics of North America journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=168305 Tue, 14 Sep 2004 06:00:00 +0100 168305 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=168304&cid=s_33206_5_f&fid=33206&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D15325716%26dopt%3DAbstract This article focuses on these four biothreat toxins and their medical aspects. The majority of the article is spent on the botulinum neurotoxins, because these are the most poisonous substances known and are the only toxins classified as Category A threat agents-the highest level of threat agent. The remainder of the article is devoted to sections on the other three biothreat toxins: ricin, staphylococcal enterotoxin B, and C perfringens epsilon toxin. PMID: 15325716 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Anesthesiology Clinics of North America) Anesthesiology Clinics of North America journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=168304 Tue, 14 Sep 2004 06:00:00 +0100 168304 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=168303&cid=s_33206_5_f&fid=33206&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D15325717%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Kalamas AG Anthrax is an often fatal bacterial infection that occurs when Bacillus anthracis endospores enter the body through one of three major routes: inhalational, cutaneous, or gastrointestinal. Before the anthrax terrorist attacks in the United States in 2001, there was very little interest in anthrax as a serious human pathogen; anthrax was viewed mainly as a veterinarian problem of minor importance, with most cases attributed to occupational exposure. However, this cavalier attitude toward anthrax changed following the 2001 terrorist attacks. Although the number of cases was relatively small, the attacks have heightened concern about the feasibility of large-scale aerosol bioweapons attacks by terrorist groups. Many, if not most patients, would require some degree of c... Anesthesiology Clinics of North America journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=168303 Tue, 14 Sep 2004 06:00:00 +0100 168303 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=168302&cid=s_33206_5_f&fid=33206&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D15325718%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Lupatkin H, Lupatkin JF, Rosenberg AD The viral disease, smallpox, was well known through the end of the 20th Century. Because it has been eradicated from natural populations, the present clinical experience with managing the disease is limited. Similarly, research in the pathophysiology, treatment, and prevention of the disease has recently become a priority. Concerns regarding smallpox as a weapon of bioterrorism have led to the implementation of a new prophylactic vaccine program, a renewal in variola vaccine research, and treatment regimens against variola infection. PMID: 15325718 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Anesthesiology Clinics of North America) Anesthesiology Clinics of North America journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=168302 Tue, 14 Sep 2004 06:00:00 +0100 168302 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=168301&cid=s_33206_5_f&fid=33206&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D15325719%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Leissner KB, Holzman RS, McCann ME Treatment of child victims of a bioterrorism attack is complicated because they may be more vulnerable to the agents used and may suffer more complications from the treatment strategies. Isolation and other infection control measures can be psychologically harmful to young children and may require that they undergo sedation. Most of the recommended antibiotics and antiviral treatments for bioterror agents have not been approved for use in children, and children undergoing smallpox vaccination have a higher incidence of complications than adults. Pediatric anesthesiologists should expect to be part of the pediatric care team and must be careful to observe infection control procedures to limit the spread of disease caused by bioterror attack. ... Anesthesiology Clinics of North America journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=168301 Tue, 14 Sep 2004 06:00:00 +0100 168301 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=168300&cid=s_33206_5_f&fid=33206&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D15325720%26dopt%3DAbstract This article provides a brief history of nerve agent development and use and discusses the pharmacology, symptoms, signs, and treatment of nerve agent exposure. In addition, this article discusses the challenges of mass-casualty triage, decontamination, resuscitation, and intensive care. PMID: 15325720 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Anesthesiology Clinics of North America) Anesthesiology Clinics of North America journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=168300 Tue, 14 Sep 2004 06:00:00 +0100 168300 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=168299&cid=s_33206_5_f&fid=33206&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D15325721%26dopt%3DAbstract This article summarizes the recent progress of V-antigen studies in Yersinia and P. aeruginosa. PMID: 15325721 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Anesthesiology Clinics of North America) Anesthesiology Clinics of North America journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=168299 Tue, 14 Sep 2004 06:00:00 +0100 168299 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=168322&cid=s_33206_5_f&fid=33206&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D15182864%26dopt%3DAbstract This article reviews the basic science research that supports this growing body of epidemiologic data and discusses the inflammatory markers that predict future clinical events,as well as the pharmacologic success in therapies that specifically target inflammation. PMID: 15182864 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Anesthesiology Clinics of North America) Anesthesiology Clinics of North America journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=168322 Mon, 14 Jun 2004 06:00:00 +0100 168322 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=168321&cid=s_33206_5_f&fid=33206&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D15182865%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Park KW The current standards for preoperative cardiac evaluation and the guidelines published by the American College of Cardiology and the American Heart Association call for noninvasive or invasive cardiac evaluation in certain patients. Perioperative use of beta-adrenergic blockade has been shown to reduce cardiac complication rates, diminishing the positive predictive value and the likelihood ratio of a positive result of a preoperative cardiac test,unfavorably shifting the risk to benefit ratio of preoperative tests and any possible therapeutic action that one might take based on the test. A new paradigm might be emerging that makes cardiac tests unnecessary except in the highest-risk patients identified by clinical variables. PMID: 15182865 [PubMed - indexed for MED... Anesthesiology Clinics of North America journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=168321 Mon, 14 Jun 2004 06:00:00 +0100 168321 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=168320&cid=s_33206_5_f&fid=33206&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D15182866%26dopt%3DAbstract This article focuses on important aspects of the pulmonary, endocrine (diabetes), and renal systems during the preoperative evaluation of the vascular surgical patient. PMID: 15182866 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Anesthesiology Clinics of North America) Anesthesiology Clinics of North America journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=168320 Mon, 14 Jun 2004 06:00:00 +0100 168320 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=168319&cid=s_33206_5_f&fid=33206&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D15182867%26dopt%3DAbstract This article provides a comprehensive overview of recent publications on the history,philosophy, and semantics of monitoring. PMID: 15182867 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Anesthesiology Clinics of North America) Anesthesiology Clinics of North America journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=168319 Mon, 14 Jun 2004 06:00:00 +0100 168319 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=168318&cid=s_33206_5_f&fid=33206&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D15182868%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: van der Starre PJ, Guta C The choice of anesthetics for vascular surgical patients is not only determined by the kind and extent of the surgical procedure but also by patient comorbidities. Frequently, patients have a history of hypertension, peripheral vascular and coronary artery disease,cerebrovascular disease, and renal impairment. The goal of the chosen anesthetic technique is to protect organ function, mainly of the brain and the heart. In some instances regional anesthesia might be preferred, but no difference in outcome between the two techniques has been shown conclusively. Vascular emergencies are particularly challenging for the anesthesiologist, but in recent years the development of stent graft insertion has improved the short-term outcome in many of these procedu... Anesthesiology Clinics of North America journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=168318 Mon, 14 Jun 2004 06:00:00 +0100 168318 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=168317&cid=s_33206_5_f&fid=33206&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D15182869%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Yastrebov K The management of anesthesia for patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy is challenging and dynamic. Effective management and good outcome requires the anesthesiologist's understanding of cerebral physiology, knowledge of neck anatomy, and understanding of the rapid pathophysiologic changes that occur during carotid artery manipulations. The anesthesiologist must be flexible in the management of patients, who frequently have underlying multiorgan pathology and cardiovascular compromise. Good communication between the anesthetic and surgical teams is needed to avoid irreversible debilitating consequences for the patient. PMID: 15182869 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Anesthesiology Clinics of North America) Anesthesiology Clinics of North America journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=168317 Mon, 14 Jun 2004 06:00:00 +0100 168317 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=168316&cid=s_33206_5_f&fid=33206&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D15182870%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Shine TS, Murray MJ Managing the anesthesia of patients undergoing open aortic surgical repair is a great challenge. The anesthesiologist's role in myocardial,renal, and neurologic protection is crucial to the patient's overall outcome.Each case presents different challenges, and there is no one right way to manage the patient intraoperatively. PMID: 15182870 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Anesthesiology Clinics of North America) Anesthesiology Clinics of North America journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=168316 Mon, 14 Jun 2004 06:00:00 +0100 168316 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=168315&cid=s_33206_5_f&fid=33206&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D15182871%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Serianni RP, Shields CH, Szpisjak DS, Mongan PD Lower extremity atherosclerotic disease affects nearly 10 million people in the United States. Recent advances in diagnostic imaging and interventional techniques help many patients avoid more invasive surgical procedures. Those reaching the operating room, however,represent a distilled subset of patients who are prone to significant comorbidities. We outline current treatment strategies and discuss anesthetic concerns and techniques for these complex patients. PMID: 15182871 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Anesthesiology Clinics of North America) Anesthesiology Clinics of North America journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=168315 Mon, 14 Jun 2004 06:00:00 +0100 168315 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=168314&cid=s_33206_5_f&fid=33206&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D15182872%26dopt%3DAbstract This article discusses the current state of minimally invasive treatment options for a variety of vascular diseases. Advances that have been introduced over the last two decades have dramatically changed the practice of vascular surgery and anesthesia. The ability to treat pathology, using both intraluminal and extraluminal means,has provided vascular surgeons, interventional radiologists, and cardiologists with unique treatment options that were not available less than a decade ago. Peripheral interventions to treat vascular disease have exploded, from 90,000 in 1994 to more than 200,000 in 1997, and endovascular procedures now replace almost 50% of traditional open vascular operations. PMID: 15182872 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Anesthesiology Clinics of North America) Anesthesiology Clinics of North America journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=168314 Mon, 14 Jun 2004 06:00:00 +0100 168314 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=168313&cid=s_33206_5_f&fid=33206&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D15182873%26dopt%3DAbstract This article reviews whether efforts to less invasively manage these patients intraoperatively improves postoperative outcome remains under investigation, and what is known about the effects on postoperative outcome of regional anesthesia for carotid endarterectomy and endovascular treatment of aortic vascular disease. PMID: 15182873 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Anesthesiology Clinics of North America) Anesthesiology Clinics of North America journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=168313 Mon, 14 Jun 2004 06:00:00 +0100 168313 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=168312&cid=s_33206_5_f&fid=33206&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D15182875%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Murray MJ PMID: 15182875 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Anesthesiology Clinics of North America) Anesthesiology Clinics of North America journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=168312 Mon, 14 Jun 2004 06:00:00 +0100 168312 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=168329&cid=s_33206_5_f&fid=33206&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D15109692%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Rock P, Passannante A Understanding the risk factors for the development of PPCs allows targeted interventions aimed at reducing the frequency and severity of PPCs. The broad categories of what increases the likelihood of developing a PPC are understood but specific understanding of how individual risk factors act to cause PPCs is lacking,and there is little information regarding the interaction or synergy between risk factors. Further research is needed to define the nature of risk factors and develop better predictive models of patients at risk for developing PPCs. It is clear that anesthetic agents produce significant changes in the respiratory system but further information is needed to define how such changes contribute, if at all, to the subsequent development of PPCs. T... Anesthesiology Clinics of North America journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=168329 Sun, 14 Mar 2004 07:00:00 +0100 168329 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=168328&cid=s_33206_5_f&fid=33206&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D15109693%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Connery LE, Coursin DB Diabetes remains the most commonly encountered endocrinopathy with the incidence of type 2 doubling in the past decade. The prevalence of diabetes is projected to continue to increase dramatically over the next several decades unless major public health initiatives are successful in stemming this growth. Both type I and 2 diabetics more frequently require surgical and critical care than their non-diabetic counterparts. Type 1 and 2 diabetics also sustain greater peri-operative morbidity and mortality. Careful preoperative assessment and appropriate perioperative intervention may limit this.There is increasing evidence that maintenance of normal blood glucose in the perioperative period and during critical illness is beneficial for diabetic and non-diabet... Anesthesiology Clinics of North America journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=168328 Sun, 14 Mar 2004 07:00:00 +0100 168328 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=168327&cid=s_33206_5_f&fid=33206&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D15109694%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Kaye AD, Kucera I, Sabar R The presence of nutraceutical agents in the United States health care system dictates the need for a general understanding of these agents by all physicians and health care providers. Increasing trend toward reimbursement of herbal medicines by the insurance companies and managed care organizations have further encouraged their use. Because herbs are listed under the "supplement" category by the Food and Drug Administration, the Dietary Supplement and Health Education Act establishes no protocol for standardization of the products labeled as "supplements" thereby increasing the risk for adverse effects associated with the use of these products. Moreover, there is little motivation for the manufacturers to conduct randomized, placebo-controlled, doubl... Anesthesiology Clinics of North America journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=168327 Sun, 14 Mar 2004 07:00:00 +0100 168327 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=168326&cid=s_33206_5_f&fid=33206&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D15109695%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Flowerdew RM The preanesthetic evaluation is an essential element of the anesthetic management of a patient. The type of practice, academic or private, should have no bearing on the quality of the evaluation. The practice environment may play a significant role in the type of patient and procedure but should not diminish the quality of care for any particular patient. However the extent, timing methodologies for the preanesthetic evaluation will vary according to patient medical requirements, surgical procedures, resource availability, patient convenience and,perhaps the key element, staffing availability. Each practice environment needs to develop its own solutions. Private practice, especially in the smaller locations,may need to be more sensitive to staffing and personnel i... Anesthesiology Clinics of North America journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=168326 Sun, 14 Mar 2004 07:00:00 +0100 168326 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=168325&cid=s_33206_5_f&fid=33206&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D15109696%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Maurer WG, Borkowski RG, Parker BM The evaluation of patients before surgery is a component of anesthesia practice that must be performed to ensure the safe delivery of anesthesia for every patient. How an anesthesia group performs this evaluation differs from institution to institution as the structure of preoperative clinics in hospitals across the country can be quite variable. However, the major question that anesthesiologists must ask when approaching this area of practice is: "Can a system for preoperative evaluation that uses the expertise of anesthesiologists,surgeons, and internists to deliver high quality, cost conscious, and efficient patient preparation for surgery be developed. PMID: 15109696 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Anesthesiology Clinics of No... Anesthesiology Clinics of North America journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=168325 Sun, 14 Mar 2004 07:00:00 +0100 168325 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=168324&cid=s_33206_5_f&fid=33206&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D15109697%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Fleisher LA PMID: 15109697 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Anesthesiology Clinics of North America) Anesthesiology Clinics of North America journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=168324 Sun, 14 Mar 2004 07:00:00 +0100 168324 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=168323&cid=s_33206_5_f&fid=33206&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D15109698%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Pasternak LR PMID: 15109698 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Anesthesiology Clinics of North America) Anesthesiology Clinics of North America journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=168323 Sun, 14 Mar 2004 07:00:00 +0100 168323