MedWorm.com provides a medical RSS filtering service. Over 6000 RSS medical sources are combined and output via different filters. This feed contains the latest items from the 'Animal Biotechnology' source. Thu, 09 Feb 2012 18:15:07 +0100 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5657496&cid=s_37503_70_f&fid=37503&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22292697%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, this study demonstrates a simple, yet effective, method of using breed-specific SNPs to discriminate between Jersey and Holstein cattle breeds. PMID: 22292697 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Animal Biotechnology) Animal Biotechnology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5657496 Sun, 01 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5657496 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5657495&cid=s_37503_70_f&fid=37503&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22292698%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Jiang W, Yang YX, Xue P, Huang YJ, Chen YL Abstract Suppressive subtraction hybridization (SSH) was used to identify differentially expressed genes in goat (Capra hircus) hair follicle anagen-catagen transition. The cDNA fragments, derived from SSH positive subtractive library (tester: anagen-catagen transition, driver: later anagen), were cloned into pEGM-T vector. Two hundred cDNA fragments screened from this library were subjected to identify forty-five unregulated isolates. Sequence analysis revealed that these fragments represented twenty-three genes. Blasting analysis with database in GenBank showed that twenty genes were previously clearly annotated, two were homologous to un-annotated expressed sequence tag (ESTs), and one might be novel. To identify characters of ... Animal Biotechnology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5657495 Sun, 01 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5657495 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5657494&cid=s_37503_70_f&fid=37503&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22292699%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, we developed a short and simple I-PEP procedure (∼3 h) and evaluated its performance for the amplification of bovine genomic DNA. We assessed short WGA procedure by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of 7 specific loci. The results indicated that the short procedure possesses enough sensitivity for the molecular genetic analysis of 1 input cell. Although the efficiency of the method was 100%, there was an inconsistency between genomic DNA (gDNA) and whole genome amplification product (wgaDNA) genotypes for kappa-casein locus; that is, however, most likely due to allele drop-out (ADO) or false homozigocity. The results of this study indicate that with the application of reliable methods, WGA-amplified bovine DNA will be a useful source for sexing and genotyping ... Animal Biotechnology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5657494 Sun, 01 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5657494 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5657493&cid=s_37503_70_f&fid=37503&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22292700%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusion: This study gives the first evidence of association between the porcine TGFBR1 gene and traits of economic importance and provides support for using TGFBR1 markers for pig breeding and selection programs. The genetic diversities in different pig breeds would be helpful to understand the genetic background and migration of the porcine TGFBR1 gene. PMID: 22292700 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Animal Biotechnology) Animal Biotechnology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5657493 Sun, 01 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5657493 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5657492&cid=s_37503_70_f&fid=37503&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22292701%26dopt%3DAbstract The objective of the present study was to examine changes observed in the expression of cytosolic NADP isocitrate dehydrogenase (ICDH) and glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) genes, the major implicated genes in ruminant lipogenesis in terms of produce NADPH, during the early post-weaning period in dairy ewes in respect to energy intake, and to further correlate the noted changes with their respective enzymatic activities. A total of 21 subcutaneous adipose tissue samples were obtained from seven lactating (2nd lactation period) dairy ewes of the Chios breed. Adipose tissue samples were taken from the tail head region at weeks 1, 2, and 4 after weaning (45 days after parturition). Dairy ewes were in negative energy balance during weeks 1 and 2 after weaning and they moved into a stron... Animal Biotechnology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5657492 Sun, 01 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5657492 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5473752&cid=s_37503_70_f&fid=37503&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22132811%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Lee D, Lee J, Yoon JK, Kim NY, Kim GW, Park C, Oh YK, Kim YB Abstract Here, we report the quantification of porcine endogenous retrovirus (PERV) copy numbers using real time PCR. After generating standard curves using plasmid DNA, copy numbers were determined for PERV pol and for a housekeeping gene, porcine estrogen receptor2 (ER2) with the same amount of genomic DNA. Using this method, we examined 6 pig breeds in Korea including two breeds of miniature pig, one domestic pig from Jeju, and imported pig breeds, Duroc, Landrace, and Yorkshire. All breeds showed PERV copy numbers ranging from 9 to 50. This method will be useful for monitoring of PERVs in a porcine xenograft. PMID: 22132811 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Animal Biotechnology) Animal Biotechnology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5473752 Sat, 01 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5473752 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5473751&cid=s_37503_70_f&fid=37503&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22132812%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, goat embryonic stem cell-like cells can be isolated from in vitro produced goat embryos and can be maintained for long periods in culture. PMID: 22132812 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Animal Biotechnology) Animal Biotechnology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5473751 Sat, 01 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5473751 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5473750&cid=s_37503_70_f&fid=37503&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22132813%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Jeon BG, Kwack DO, Rho GJ Abstract The purpose of this study was to examine the telomerase activity, population doubling time (PDT), morphological alterations, and the cell cycle status with activity of senescence-associated-ß-galactosidase in porcine mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and fibroblasts during an extended in vitro culture. MSCs and fibroblasts were isolated from bone marrow and ear skin of a miniature pig, respectively, and cultured up to 20 passages. The analysis was carried out in MSCs and fibroblasts at 1, 5, 10, 15, and 20 passages. Relative telomerase activity (RTA) levels were significantly (P < 0.05) higher in MSCs than in fibroblasts at all the passages. The PDT and cellular size slightly increased in MSCs at later passages. In contrast, fibroblasts... Animal Biotechnology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5473750 Sat, 01 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5473750 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5473749&cid=s_37503_70_f&fid=37503&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22132814%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Fan B, Huang P, Zheng S, Sun Y, Fang C, Sun Z Abstract Synthetic zinc finger nucleases (ZFNs) are useful for the improvement of site directed integration of foreign gene into vertebrate chromosomes. To facilitate site-directed integration of foreign genes into the 3'-untranslated region of the chicken ovalbumin gene, we have constructed ZFN expression vectors using Zinc Finger Consortium Vector Kits and tested the functionality of these ZFN constructs. Coding sequences for 6 zinc fingers were assembled following the modular assembly method. The zinc finger assembly was fused to two FokI catalytic domains. Various configurations of linker regions between domains were tested for their influence on enzymatic activity, using plasmid substrate containing the target sequence. Re... Animal Biotechnology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5473749 Sat, 01 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5473749 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5473748&cid=s_37503_70_f&fid=37503&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22132815%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Peng C, Wang L, Chen Z, Ma L, Wei Y, Long Z Abstract The present study was designed to construct the eukaryotic expression vector for pGH mature peptide (mpGH) and to investigate its transfection mediated by cationic liposome (CLs) in COS-7 cells and mice. The cDNA of mpGH ORF was successfully cloned by reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) using the adult pig pituitary gland RNA. The recombinant eukaryotic expression vector, VmpGH, was constructed by ligating the cDNA fragment to the vector VR1020. The successful construction was confirmed by restriction enzyme digestion, and the expression of mpGH was confirmed by RT-PCR, immunofluorescence analyses (IFA), and ELISA in COS-7 cells. The VmpGH and VR1020 plasmids were entrapped with CLs, and four experimental groups of male K... Animal Biotechnology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5473748 Sat, 01 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5473748 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5473747&cid=s_37503_70_f&fid=37503&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22132816%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: PMID: 22132816 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Animal Biotechnology) Animal Biotechnology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5473747 Sat, 01 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5473747 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5095227&cid=s_37503_70_f&fid=37503&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21774619%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Vidale P, Piras FM, Nergadze SG, Bertoni L, Verini-Supplizi A, Adelson D, Guérin G, Giulotto E We mapped six genes (EIF4G3, HSP90, RBBP6, IL8, TERT, and TERC) on the chromosomes of Equus caballus, Equus asinus, Equus grevyi, and Equus burchelli by fluorescence in situ hybridization. Our results add six type I markers to the cytogenetic map of these species and provide new information on the comparative genomics of the genus Equus. PMID: 21774619 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Animal Biotechnology) Animal Biotechnology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5095227 Thu, 30 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5095227 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5095223&cid=s_37503_70_f&fid=37503&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21774620%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Kathiravan P, Goyal S, Kataria RS, Mishra BP, Jayakumar S, Joshi BK The present study was undertaken to characterize the structure of S100A8 gene and its promoter in water buffalo and yak. Sequence data of 2.067 kb, 2.071 kb, and 2.052 kb with respect to complete S100A8 gene including 5' flanking region was generated in river buffalo, swamp buffalo, and yak, respectively. BLAST analysis of coding DNA sequences (CDS) of S100A8 gene revealed 95% homology of buffalo sequence with cattle, 85% with pig and horse, 83% with dog, 72-73% with murines, and around 79% with primates and humans. Phylogenetic analysis of predicted CDS revealed distinct clustering of murines, primates, and domestic animals with bovines and bubalines forming a subcluster among farm animals. In silico trans... Animal Biotechnology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5095223 Thu, 30 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5095223 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5095215&cid=s_37503_70_f&fid=37503&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21774621%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Chen R, Yang Z, Ji D, Mao Y, Chen Y, Zhang Y, Hamza , Wang X, Li Y Mastitis is one of the most prevalent diseases in dairy cattle; CXCR1 plays a key role in mastitis resistance via IL8 signaling pathway, with the CXCR1 SNPs showing a different degree of mastitis resistance. To investigate the situation of CXCR1 polymorphisms in Chinese Holstein cattle and determine the relationship between the CXCR1 SNPs and mastitis resistance, the CXCR1 SNPs in 610 Chinese Holstein cattle of 30 families were investigated using polymerase chain reaction-single strand conformation polymorphism (PCR-SSCP) technique. The results showed that four SNPs, -1830A > G, -1768T > A, -344T > C, and 783C > A were detected at 5' upstream and coding region. The correlation analysis demon... Animal Biotechnology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5095215 Thu, 30 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5095215 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5095210&cid=s_37503_70_f&fid=37503&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21774622%26dopt%3DAbstract The objective of the present study was to determine if SNPs in 5' region of bovine MIF affects its promoter activity. Three SNPs were identified, -1078A>G, -395A>G, and -400G>C, all of which fall within predicted transcription factor binding regions. Reporter gene assays indicate that the identified SNPs have a significant effect of modulating MIF promoter activity. Finally, gene association analysis suggests a significant relationship of -395A>G with the susceptibility to Mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis infection, the causative agent of Johne's disease. Given the relationships revealed in the current study, it is clear that the role of MIF in bovine diseases such as Johne's disease merits further investigation. PMID: 21774622 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Animal... Animal Biotechnology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5095210 Thu, 30 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5095210 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5095208&cid=s_37503_70_f&fid=37503&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21774623%26dopt%3DAbstract This study reports Bonpala sheep as the first sheep breed where concurrent polymorphism at three important loci (FecB, G1, and G4) of two different fecundity genes (BMPR1B and GDF9) has been found. PMID: 21774623 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Animal Biotechnology) Animal Biotechnology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5095208 Thu, 30 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5095208 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5095173&cid=s_37503_70_f&fid=37503&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21774624%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Bhatt VD, Patel MS, Joshi CG, Kunjadia A An investigation of Mastitis in cattle was carried out in Anand city and in nearby villages of Gujarat state using California Mastitis Test (CMT) kit. The prevalence of clinical and subclinical mastitis was found to be 5.5% and 15.75%, respectively. Staphylococcus aureus was identified through strain specific polymerase chain reaction; the remaining isolates identified on the basis of molecular analysis by 16S rDNA sequencing and phylogenetic analysis were Staphylococcus species, B. pumilus, Staphylococcus chromogenes, Bacillus species, and Pseudomonas species. In vitro antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of all the isolates was checked against 13 different antibiotics using the agar disc diffusion method. Highest bacterial resistance ... Animal Biotechnology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5095173 Thu, 30 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5095173 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5095134&cid=s_37503_70_f&fid=37503&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21774625%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Hu S, Ni W, Hazi W, Zhang H, Zhang N, Meng R, Chen C Gene silencing mediated by small interfering RNA has become a powerful biological tool for the regulation of gene expression. In order to develop an effective short hairpin RNA (shRNA) expression vector, specifically for use in sheep species, we have identified two sheep U6 promoters based on the highly conserved polymerase III promoter elements. Promoter activity was measured by U6 promoter-driven shRNA to suppress enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) expression. The knock down assay demonstrated that the two sheep U6 promoters and mouse U6 promoter induced a similar level of EGFP knockdown. These results suggest that the two sheep U6 promoters could efficiently drive shRNA expression for gene silencing and may have ap... Animal Biotechnology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5095134 Thu, 30 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5095134 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4748401&cid=s_37503_70_f&fid=37503&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21500107%26dopt%3DAbstract The objective of this study was to identify specific bovine genes expressed within skeletal muscle that are associated with intramuscular fat deposition. Twenty-eight Angus-Simmental cross steers and heifers were harvested at the University of Illinois Meat Science Laboratory. Four pairs of animals were identified based on similar adjusted backfat thickness but differing amounts of intramuscular fat within each pair. RNA was extracted from muscle samples devoid of visible fat and microarray analysis was performed. Based on this analysis, 9 genes were selected and expression was subsequently confirmed by qPCR. Expression levels of MYH3, HOXD10, MXRA8, and CASQ2 were increased in animals with high marbling, whereas levels of NPNT, MRC1, DNER, and CYPB4 were decreased in high marbled animals.... Animal Biotechnology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4748401 Thu, 31 Mar 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4748401 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4748392&cid=s_37503_70_f&fid=37503&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21500108%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Yang Y, Jing L, Li T, Cao G, Liu S The beta-defensins are small, well-characterized peptides with broad antimicrobial activities. Here we report the identification of a novel β-defensin, sika deer β-defensin-1 (siBD-1), from sika deer tissues with a pair of PCR primers according to the conserved cDNA sequences of known ruminant β-defensins. Total RNA was extracted from the tongue epithelia of a sika deer and the 418 bp cDNA encoding siBD-1 was amplified by the reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR), 5'- and 3'-RACE. The cDNA contained an open reading frame (ORF) of 192 bases which encoded a 64 amino acid prepro-peptide. The prepro-peptide contained six invariantly spaced cysteine residues, which is the β defensin consensus sequence. The putative mature peptide of the siBD-1 ... Animal Biotechnology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4748392 Thu, 31 Mar 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4748392 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4748383&cid=s_37503_70_f&fid=37503&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21500109%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, it may be stated that the prolactin promoter was highly polymorphic and had the significant association with egg production and quality traits in White Leghorn chicken. PMID: 21500109 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Animal Biotechnology) Animal Biotechnology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4748383 Thu, 31 Mar 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4748383 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4748373&cid=s_37503_70_f&fid=37503&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21500110%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, we cloned the cDNA and promoter sequences of porcine ankyrin repeat protein (MARP) gene family. RT-PCR analysis revealed that porcine CARP gene was predominantly expressed in heart. ANKRD2 was widely expressed in many tissues, a high expression level was observed in the skeletal muscle and heart. DARP gene was expressed specifically in skeletal muscle and heart. Moreover, the expression of CARP and ANKRD2 was significantly different in porcine skeletal muscle among different developmental stages and between the two breeds. Expression analysis in porcine satellite cells showed that CARP and ANKRD2 were induced in differentiated porcine satellite cells, suggesting a role of them in myogenic differentiation. This result suggests that the MARP gene family may be important genes ... Animal Biotechnology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4748373 Thu, 31 Mar 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4748373 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4748365&cid=s_37503_70_f&fid=37503&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21500111%26dopt%3DAbstract The objective of this study was to evaluate mRNA expression of somatotropic axis genes in chickens divergently selected for high (HWS) or low (LWS) body weight at 56 days of age. Gene expression was measured on days 16, 18, and 20 of incubation, day of hatch, and days 3, 7, 28, and 56 posthatch. Pituitary growth hormone mRNA raised from prehatch to posthatch, with a similar profile in both lines. Liver growth hormone receptor (GHR) mRNA was high during embryogenesis, declined to low levels at day 3 posthatch, and then increased to day 56. Expression of liver insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) mRNA increased sharply by day 28 in line HWS and day 56 in line LWS. Pectoralis major muscle GHR mRNA was greater in line LWS than HWS. Muscle IGF-1 mRNA declined during embryogenesis, increased pos... Animal Biotechnology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4748365 Thu, 31 Mar 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4748365 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4748332&cid=s_37503_70_f&fid=37503&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21500112%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Gupta PK, Saini M, Dahiya SS, Patel CL, Sonwane AA, Rai DV, Pandey KD The complete genome of a lapinized classical swine fever virus (CSFV) vaccine strain was amplified into nine overlapping fragments by RT-PCR, and nucleotide sequences were determined. Complete genome sequence alignment and phylogenetic analysis indicated 92.6-98.6% identities at the nucleotide level with other reported CSFV strains and could be grouped into subgroup 1.1 along with other attenuated strains of CSFV. The 5'-UTR demonstrated >97.0% nucleotide similarity with most of vaccine CSFV strains from China. Further, its 3'-UTR sequence indicated a length similar to all the CSFV strains from China with >98.0% nucleotide similarity, although high length heterogeneity of 3'-UTR was reported among diff... Animal Biotechnology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4748332 Thu, 31 Mar 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4748332 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4748322&cid=s_37503_70_f&fid=37503&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21500113%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: PMID: 21500113 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Animal Biotechnology) Animal Biotechnology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4748322 Thu, 31 Mar 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4748322 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4523050&cid=s_37503_70_f&fid=37503&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21328100%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Lv Y, Wei C, Zhang L, Lu G, Liu K, Du L We assessed SLC27A1, a candidate gene for milk production traits in Chinese Holstein cattle. DNA was extracted from the blood of 48 top Chinese Holstein Cattle selected according to phenotypic character and mixed into DNA pool for SNP detection. We tested blood samples of these cattle for SNPs in exon 3 and the 3'-flanking region of the SLC27A1 gene by using polymerase chain reaction-single-stranded conformation polymorphism (PCR-SSCP) and DNA sequencing. We found 2 polymorphic sites: 112T>C, a synonymous mutation, in exon 3 (SNP(1)), and 64G>A in the 3'-UTR (SNP(2)). We also determined the genotypes of 330 Chinese Holstein cattle by using PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP). We found 3 genotypes each at SNP(1) (TT,... Animal Biotechnology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4523050 Sat, 01 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4523050 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4523049&cid=s_37503_70_f&fid=37503&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21328101%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Verschoor CP, Pant SD, Biggar GA, Schenkel FS, Sharma BS, Karrow NA Genetic variants in a number of immunoregulatory genes have been previously associated with health and production traits in dairy cattle. Therefore, in the following study, the genes coding interferon gamma (IFNG), IFNG receptor 1 and 2 domains, interleukin-22 (IL22), and IL22 receptor alpha 1, were investigated for single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in Holstein bulls. These SNPs, along with SNPs previously identified in IL10, IL10 receptor, and transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGFB1) genes, were evaluated for statistical associations to estimated breeding values for milk somatic cell score (SCS), a trait highly correlated to mastitis incidence, and various production-related traits, including milk yield... Animal Biotechnology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4523049 Sat, 01 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4523049 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4523048&cid=s_37503_70_f&fid=37503&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21328102%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Sodhi M, Mukesh M, Mishra BP, Ahlawat SP, Prakash B, Sobti RC The present study aims to understand the existing genetic diversity and structure of six native cattle breeds (Rathi, Tharparkar, Nagori, Mewati, Gir, and Kankrej) adapted to the north-western arid and semi-arid region of India based on microsatellite loci. Various diversity estimates, mean number of alleles (12.84); effective number of alleles (5.02); gene diversity (0.769), and observed heterozygosity (0.667) reflected the existence of substantial within-breed diversity in all the investigated cattle breeds. Mean estimates of F-statistics: F(IT) = 0.144 ± 0.023, F(IS) = 0.071 ± 0.021, and F(ST) = 0.078 ± 0.014 were significantly different from zero (P < 0.05). The interbreed relationships indic... Animal Biotechnology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4523048 Sat, 01 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4523048 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4523047&cid=s_37503_70_f&fid=37503&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21328103%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Jiang X, Cai Z, Zhao X, Zhang L, Chen Z, Wang Y, Guo X, Xu N Thyrotropin-releasing hormone receptor (TRHR) is a G-protein-coupled receptor that plays a crucial role in regulating the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis by conveying the action of the hypothalamic tripeptide TRH, which is the primary central activator of this hormonal cascade. In the present study, the porcine TRHR (pTRHR) gene was localized to chromosome 4 by Radiation hybrid mapping. Quantitative trait loci affecting average backfat thickness, daily gain, and carcass and meat quality traits have been mapped to the region containing this gene. Further, the full-length cDNA of pTRHR was cloned and sequenced. pTRHR contains an open reading frame encoding 398 amino acids and shares 96.2% amino acid identity to hum... Animal Biotechnology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4523047 Sat, 01 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4523047 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4523046&cid=s_37503_70_f&fid=37503&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21328104%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Tahmoorespur M, Taheri A, Gholami H, Ansary M Growth hormone (GH) selected for its important role in economically relevant traits and signal transducers and activators of transcription 5A (STAT5A) is also known as a main mediator of growth hormone action on target genes. A total number of 190 lambs of Iranian purebred Baluchi sheep were genotyped at exon 5 of GH and exons 7 and 8 of STAT5A genes by using PCR-SSCP analysis. GH gene revealed three (G1, G2, and G3) conformational patterns; however, STAT5A loci were not polymorphic. Breeding values of growth traits including birth weight, weaning weight, 6 months weight, 9 months weight, and yearling weight were estimated by using the Best Linear Unbiased Prediction based on an animal model with a relationship matrix. Studied grow... Animal Biotechnology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4523046 Sat, 01 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4523046 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4523045&cid=s_37503_70_f&fid=37503&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21328105%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Wang X, Wang H, Shu Y, Momotani Y, Nagata R, Mori Y, Momotani E We investigated the gene expression of matrix metalloproteinases-9 (MMP-9) and tissue inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinases-1 (TIMP-1) in peripheral blood cells from infected cattle with Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (Map) in the ELISA-negative subclinical stage compared with uninfected control cattle. Significant decreased MMP-9 expression and increased TIMP-1 expression were found in peripheral blood cells from Map-infected cattle after stimulation with Map lysate and Map purified protein derivative (PPD) than in control cattle by real-time RT-PCR analysis. In contrast to the uninfected controls, the activity of MMP-9 was also decreased in peripheral blood cell culture supernatants from Map-infec... Animal Biotechnology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4523045 Sat, 01 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4523045 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4107615&cid=s_37503_70_f&fid=37503&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20967640%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study we have investigated alternative splice events detected in humans, in orthologous pig genes. A total of 17 genes with predicted exon skipping events were selected for further studies. The splice events for the selected genes were experimentally verified using real-time quantitative PCR analysis (qPCR) with splice-specific primers in 19 different tissues. The same splice variants as reported in humans were detected in 15 orthologous pig genes, however, the expression pattern predicted in the in silico analyses was only experimentally verified in a few cases. The results support the findings that splice events resulting in preservation of open reading frame are indicative of a functional significance of the splice variants of the gene. PMID: 20967640 [PubMed - in process] (... Animal Biotechnology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4107615 Thu, 30 Sep 2010 23:00:00 +0100 4107615 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4107614&cid=s_37503_70_f&fid=37503&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20967641%26dopt%3DAbstract The objectives of this study were to construct normalized cDNA libraries for efficient EST analysis, to generate ESTs from these libraries, and to identify EST-related molecular markers such as microsatellites and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) for genetic analysis of this species. A total of 6,269 ESTs were generated representing 4,815 unique sequences, from which 105 putative microsatellites and 5,228 SNPs were identified. These genome resources provide the material basis for future genetic and functional analyses in this species. PMID: 20967641 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Animal Biotechnology) Animal Biotechnology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4107614 Thu, 30 Sep 2010 23:00:00 +0100 4107614 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4107613&cid=s_37503_70_f&fid=37503&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20967642%26dopt%3DAbstract This study also revealed that RAPD markers were unable to differentiate the type of chickens, but it showed the effectiveness of RAPD in evaluating the genetic variation and the genetic relationships between chicken lines and populations. PMID: 20967642 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Animal Biotechnology) Animal Biotechnology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4107613 Thu, 30 Sep 2010 23:00:00 +0100 4107613 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4107612&cid=s_37503_70_f&fid=37503&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20967643%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Cui HX, Yang SY, Wang HY, Zhao JP, Jiang RR, Zhao GP, Chen JL, Zheng MQ, Li XH, Wen J The 3-hydroxyl-3-methylglutaryl Coenzyme A reductase (HMGCR) gene was examined for polymorphisms in Beijing-you chickens. A "T" base insert was detected at nucleotide 2749 of the 3-UTR region of the HMGCR gene and was used as the basis for distinguishing a B allele, distinct from the A. Serum and muscle contents of total cholesterol. LDL-cholesterol in serum was significantly lower in AB birds and lowest in BB birds. Real-time PCR showed that the same trends across genotypes occurred in an abundance of HMGCR transcripts in liver, but there was no difference in contents of HMGCR mRNA in breast or thigh muscles. Hepatic expression and serum LDL-cholesterol were meaningfully correlated (partial,... Animal Biotechnology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4107612 Thu, 30 Sep 2010 23:00:00 +0100 4107612 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4107611&cid=s_37503_70_f&fid=37503&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20967644%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Selvaggi M, Pesce Delfino AR, Dario C The aim of this study was to assess genetic polymorphism at two loci in the exon 1 of the CSN3 gene in Murgese horse breed by PCR-RFLP analysis. The overall frequencies of alleles A and G at c.-66A > G locus were 0.80 and 0.20, respectively, and no GG animals were found in the population. At the c.-36C > A locus allelic frequencies were 0.74 and 0.26 for allele C and A, respectively, and no AA animals were detected. Population genetic indexes, namely gene heterozygosity, gene homozygosity, effective allele numbers, fixation index, and polymorphism information index were calculated. Combined genotypic frequencies and possible haplotypes frequencies were also reported. Only three out of nine possible genotypic combinations were fou... Animal Biotechnology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4107611 Thu, 30 Sep 2010 23:00:00 +0100 4107611 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4107610&cid=s_37503_70_f&fid=37503&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20967645%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, 263 Bos spp. samples were genotyped commercially for a total of 16 SNPs. Of the total possible 4,208 SNP genotypes, 4,179 SNP genotypes were generated, yielding a genotype call rate of 99.31% (standard deviation ± 0.93%). Between 110 and 263 samples were subsequently re-genotyped by us for all 16 markers using a custom-designed SNP genotyping platform, and of the possible 3,819 genotypes a total of 3,768 genotypes were generated (98.70% genotype call rate, SD ± 1.89%). A total of 3,744 duplicate genotypes were generated for both genotyping platforms, and comparison of the genotype calls for both methods revealed 3,741 concordant SNP genotype call rates (99.92% SNP genotype concordance rate). These data indicate that both genotyping methods used can provide livestock ge... Animal Biotechnology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4107610 Thu, 30 Sep 2010 23:00:00 +0100 4107610 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3803446&cid=s_37503_70_f&fid=37503&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20665286%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Laliotis GP, Trivizaki S, Bizelis I, Charismiadou MA, Rogdakis E Ovine 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6PGD), an enzyme of the pentose phosphate pathway, provides the necessary compounds of NADPH for the synthesis of fatty acids. Much of research has been conducted not only on the enzymatic level, but also on molecular level elucidating its cDNA sequence. Herein, we tried to elucidate if any correlation between enzymatic activity and expression of ovine 6PGD gene exists, in respect to two different weights from weaning to 4 months old. 18 male and 16 female lambs of Chios breed were randomly selected after weaning and assigned to two groups based on sex in a different experimental open-plan shed. Two subgroups were defined in each sex and they were slaughtered at 25 kg and 3... Animal Biotechnology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3803446 Wed, 30 Jun 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3803446 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3803445&cid=s_37503_70_f&fid=37503&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20665287%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Jozaki K, Shinkai H, Morozumi T, Tanaka-Matsuda M, Eguchi-Ogawa T, Wada Y, Uenishi H NCR1 (NKp46) is expressed on the surfaces of natural killer cells and recognizes hemagglutinin on the influenza virus. We cloned the NCR1 gene in pigs and found that porcine NCR1 was minimally expressed in the thymus, suggesting that NCR1 could be a useful marker of natural killer cells in pigs. We observed three nonsynonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms and one deletion of three nucleotides in the coding sequence of porcine NCR1; these may affect the function of NCR1. The polymorphisms detected here may be useful markers for breeding for influenza resistance in pigs. PMID: 20665287 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Animal Biotechnology) Animal Biotechnology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3803445 Wed, 30 Jun 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3803445 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3803444&cid=s_37503_70_f&fid=37503&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20665288%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, recombinant adenoviruses encoding recombinant human EPO were prepared using the Adeasy system, and injected into the mammary gland of goats via the teat canal. BAPTA was used to treat the mammary gland to facilitate adenoviruses infection compared with EGTA. Milk serum was collected from the infected mammary gland and characterized by ELISAs and Western blotting. Expression level of rhEPO from the group treated by BAPTA was higher than that treated by EGTA. PMID: 20665288 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Animal Biotechnology) Animal Biotechnology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3803444 Wed, 30 Jun 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3803444 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3803443&cid=s_37503_70_f&fid=37503&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20665289%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Huang Y, Zhang E, Wang J, Huai Y, Lan X, Ma L, Li Z, Ren G, Chen F, Lei C, Wang J, Chen H It is known that the SREBP1c gene is an important gene responsible for adipogenesis and regulation of the expression of genes controlling fatty acid biosynthesis. Its expression levels increase in parallel with obesity. Therefore, the present study focused on screening the genetic variation within bovine SREBP1c gene and analyzing its effect on growth traits in 1035 individuals belonging to four Chinese cattle breeds (QC, NY, JX, CH) using PCR-SSCP, DNA sequencing, and forced PCR-RFLP methods. The results revealed two novel mutations: NC_007317: g. 10781 C > A (457aa), 10914 G > A (502aa). Association analysis with growth traits in the Nangyang breed indicated that: The SNPs in the ... Animal Biotechnology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3803443 Wed, 30 Jun 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3803443 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3803442&cid=s_37503_70_f&fid=37503&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20665290%26dopt%3DAbstract This study used a cloned pig model to examine the impact of cholesterol levels with the development of aorta fatty deposits leading to atherosclerosis. Diets were formulated using vegetable sources of protein to provide similar intakes of metabolizable energy, calcium, phosphorous and principal amino acids in both control and HFHC groups. After 60 days, the HFHC group demonstrated a 40-fold increase in aortic fatty streak lesion area combined with 6- and 11-fold increases in total and LDL cholesterol, respectively, over control diet fed cloned pigs. Previous studies have suffered from either imbalanced total caloric intake, an overall imbalance in the nutrition of the control versus HFHC groups or genetic heterogeneity when evaluating dietary constraints related to atherosclerosis. This st... Animal Biotechnology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3803442 Wed, 30 Jun 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3803442 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3803441&cid=s_37503_70_f&fid=37503&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20665291%26dopt%3DAbstract The objective of this study was to use single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) located on bovine chromosome 20 to fine map a previously identified QTL associated with the incidence of infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis (IBK). Crossbred steers (GPE 7; n = 539) derived from sires of 7 Bos taurus breeds and having veterinary records related to IBK were used to test the association of a total of 105 SNP located under the most relevant region of the QTL. Five SNP were significantly associated with IBK (P < 0.05), as animals inheriting differing genotypes from individual SNP exhibited significantly different incidence rates of IBK. The population also had numerous other phenotypes, supporting evaluation of association of the 105 markers with carcass traits to identify potential antagonistic... Animal Biotechnology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3803441 Wed, 30 Jun 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3803441 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3457057&cid=s_37503_70_f&fid=37503&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20379884%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Leung MC, Bowley KL, Squires EJ Boar taint refers to the objectionable odor and flavor in meat of some uncastrated male pigs, which is primarily due to high levels of androstenone, a steroid produced in the testis, and 3-methylindole (skatole) which is produced by bacterial degradation of tryptophan in the intestinal tract. We determined testicular gene expression patterns of Yorkshire pigs with high and low levels of boar taint using swine DNA microarrays with two-color hybridization. The microarrays contained 19486 annotated probes; the expressions of 8719 genes were detected. Fifty-three genes were significantly up-regulated in the high boar taint group and four were significantly down-regulated (p < 0.05; fold change > +/-1.55). Gene ontology (GO) analysis short-list... Animal Biotechnology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3457057 Wed, 31 Mar 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3457057 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3457056&cid=s_37503_70_f&fid=37503&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20379885%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Barbosa da Silva MV, Sonstegard TS, Thallman RM, Connor EE, Schnabel RD, Van Tassell CP A putative causative mutation underlying a QTL was identified as a lysine to alanine non-conservative substitution at amino acid 232 of the gene encoding the acylCoA:diacylglycerol acyltransferase (DGAT1) protein. Our goal was to characterize the allelic substitution effects of this DGAT1 mutation in a large sample of Holstein bulls from North America. Statistically significant effects were identified for all of the milk production traits and somatic cell scores. Estimated average effects of substituting the lysine allele for the alanine variant on Holstein bull daughter yield deviations were -81 kg, 3.7 kg, -1.1 kg, 0.063%, 0.012%, and -0.023 units for milk yield, fat yield, protein yield,... Animal Biotechnology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3457056 Wed, 31 Mar 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3457056 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3457055&cid=s_37503_70_f&fid=37503&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20379886%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Gorbach DM, Hu ZL, Du ZQ, Rothschild MF Expressed sequence tag (EST) libraries from members of the Penaeidae family and brine shrimp (Artemia franciscana) are currently the primary source of sequence data for shrimp species. Penaeid shrimp are the most commonly farmed worldwide, but selection methods for improving shrimp are limited. A better understanding of shrimp genomics is needed for farmers to use genetic markers to select the best breeding animals. The ESTs from Litopenaeus vannamei have been previously mined for single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). This present study took publicly available ESTs from nine shrimp species, excluding L. vannamei, clustered them with CAP3, predicted SNPs within them using SNPidentifier, and then analyzed whether the SNPs were intra- or ... Animal Biotechnology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3457055 Wed, 31 Mar 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3457055 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3457054&cid=s_37503_70_f&fid=37503&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20379887%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Tang S, Sun D, Ou J, Zhang Y, Xu G, Zhang Y Insulin-like growth factors are crucial in cellular growth, differentiation, and reproduction by mediating many of the actions of growth hormone in chickens. To determine whether insulin-like growth factors genes (IGFs) are associated with important economic traits in chicken or not, we herein analyzed the association between two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within IGF1 and IGF2 and twenty-seven growth, body measurement, carcass, and reproduction traits in two Chinese native breeds, i.e., Beijing You and Silkies. With marker-trait association analysis, we found that SNP IGF1-PstI, within the 5' flanking region of IGF1, was significantly associated with body weight at 8 (BW8), 10 (BW10), and 13 (BW13) wk of age; and shank le... Animal Biotechnology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3457054 Wed, 31 Mar 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3457054 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3457053&cid=s_37503_70_f&fid=37503&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20379888%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Karol A, Drögemuller C, Wimmers K, Schellander K, Leeb T Drip loss is the loss of fluid from a piece of meat without mechanical force and represents an important meat quality trait. Previous work revealed a quantitative trait locus (QTL) for drip loss in pork in an experimental Duroc x Pietrain (DUPI) F2 family on SSC 5. Based on functional data indicating their possible involvement in water holding capacity and their expression in skeletal muscle, we selected five positional candidates (ACO2, ADSL, CBY1, KCNJ4, PLA2AG6) out of 130 predicted genes in the QTL interval for further analysis. We performed a mutation analysis of all coding exons and discovered 204 polymorphisms. We genotyped 39 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 192 Pietrain pigs with extreme drip loss ... Animal Biotechnology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3457053 Wed, 31 Mar 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3457053 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3457052&cid=s_37503_70_f&fid=37503&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20379889%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Rout PK, Kumar A, Mandal A, Laloe D, Singh SK, Roy R Milk protein polymorphism plays an important role in genetic diversity analysis, phylogenetic studies, establishing geographical diversity, conservation decision, and improving breeding goals. Milk protein polymorphism in Indian goat breeds has not been well studied; therefore, an investigation was carried out to analyze the genetic structure of the casein gene and milk protein diversity at six milk protein loci in nine Indian goat breeds/genetic groups from varied agro-climatic zones. Milk protein genotyping was carried out in 1098 individual milk samples by SDS-PAGE at alphaS1-CN (CSN1S1), beta-CN (CSN2), alphaS2-CN (CSN1S2), kappa-CN (CSN3), beta-LG, and alpha-LA loci. Indian goats exhibited alphaS1-casein A allele in hig... Animal Biotechnology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3457052 Wed, 31 Mar 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3457052 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3457051&cid=s_37503_70_f&fid=37503&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20379890%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Austbø L, Røed KH, Dolvik NI, Skretting G The aim of this study was to investigate genes for differential expression in cartilage of foals predisposed to osteochondrosis (OC). Tissue was sampled from the cranial part of the distal intermediate ridge of the tibia in the tarso-crural joint. Foals were considered predisposed to OC when parents had OC at the distal intermediate ridge of the tibia. RNA was isolated and subjected to arbitrarily primed PCR (RAP-PCR) followed by fingerprinting to screen for differentially expressed genes. By verification of results from the RAP-PCR fingerprint screening using real-time RT-PCR, we identified two genes not previously correlated with OC as differentially expressed. The two genes, which were identical to TLK2 and an equine EST, ... Animal Biotechnology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3457051 Wed, 31 Mar 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3457051 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3457050&cid=s_37503_70_f&fid=37503&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20379891%26dopt%3DAbstract This study examined breed-specific stress-related hormonal and gene expression profiles in three Italian chicken breeds (Valdarnese Bianca, Bionda Piemontese, Robusta Maculata) reared in controlled conditions. Glucocorticoids work through the glucocorticoid receptor (GR), which modulates target genes transcription. We investigated breed-specific changes in corticosterone (ELISA) and GR expression. GR mRNA levels were analyzed using one-tube, two-temperature real-time PCR for absolute quantification of the gene expression by the standard curve method. Our results show high expression of GR in hepatic tissue. Significant effect of the breed was recorded for plasma corticosterone concentration: Valdarnese Bianca 3.35 ng/mL, Bionda Piemontese 1.73 ng/mL, Robusta Maculata 2.02 ng/mL. Breed spec... Animal Biotechnology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3457050 Wed, 31 Mar 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3457050 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3113729&cid=s_37503_70_f&fid=37503&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20024782%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Lyahyai J, Serrano C, Ranera B, Badiola JJ, Zaragoza P, Martin-Burriel I Scrapie is the archetype of prion diseases, fatal neurodegenerative disorders that affect humans and animals. Gene expression analysis of normal and infected sheep may provide clues to clarify the molecular mechanisms involved in the neuropathology of these diseases. Real time quantitative PCR has become a powerful and accurate technique for examination of transcription patterns in different biological conditions. One of the critical steps in the comparison of transcription profiles is the selection of stable genes for normalization of expression data. In this work, we have investigated the effect of scrapie on the stability of eight commonly used housekeeping genes in the central nervous system of sheep.... Animal Biotechnology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3113729 Wed, 23 Dec 2009 15:20:28 +0100 3113729 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3113728&cid=s_37503_70_f&fid=37503&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20024783%26dopt%3DAbstract This study has assessed the association of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) identified in the adipocyte fatty acid binding protein (A-FABP) and heart-type fatty acid binding protein (H-FABP) genes with the content of intramuscular fat (IMF) in a population of male Beijing-You chickens. A previously described SNP in the chicken A-FABP gene had a significant (P < 0.05) effect on IMF content. Chickens inheriting the homozygous BB genotype at A-FABP had a significantly higher content of IMF in thigh muscles and breast muscles than did those inheriting the AA and AB genotypes. A novel SNP, identified here, in the H-FABP gene was also significantly (P < 0.05) associated with IMF content in thigh and breast muscle. Chickens inheriting the genotypes of DD and CD had much higher content ... Animal Biotechnology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3113728 Wed, 23 Dec 2009 15:20:25 +0100 3113728 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3113727&cid=s_37503_70_f&fid=37503&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20024784%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Jiang M, Chen Y, Wang Y, Loor JJ, Ye Y, Wen Y, Zi X, Cai Y, Drackley JK The cDNA coding for stomach lysozyme in yak was cloned. The cloned cDNA contains a 432 bp open reading frame and encodes 143 amino acids (16.24 KDa) with a signal peptide of 18 amino acids. Further analysis revealed that its amino acid sequence shares many common properties with cow milk lysozyme. Expression of this gene was also detected in mammary gland tissue by RT-PCR. Phylogenetic relationships among yak stomach lysozyme and 8 cow lysozymes indicated that the yak enzyme is more closely related to both cow milk lysozyme and the pseudogene PsiNS4 than cow stomach lysozyme. Recombinant yak lysozyme purified by Ni(2+)-column showed a molecular weight of 33.78 kDa and exhibited lytic activity against Staph... Animal Biotechnology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3113727 Wed, 23 Dec 2009 15:20:22 +0100 3113727 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3113717&cid=s_37503_70_f&fid=37503&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20024785%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Bai WL, Yin RH, Dou QL, Yang JC, Zhao SJ, Ma ZJ, Yin RL, Luo GB, Zhao ZH The aim of this study was to investigate the polymorphism of the CSN1S1 gene promoter region in 4 Chinese yak breeds, and compare the yak CSN1S1 gene promoter region sequences with other ruminants. A Polymerase Chain Reaction-Single Strand Conformation Polymorphism protocol was developed for rapid genotyping of the yak CSN1S1 gene. One hundred fifty-eight animals from 4 Chinese yak breeds were genotyped at the CSN1S1 locus using the protocol developed. A single nucleotide polymorphism of the CSN1S1 gene promoter region has been identified in all yak breeds investigated. The polymorphism consists of a single nucleotide substitution G-->A at position 386 of the CSN1S1 gene promoter region, resulting in t... Animal Biotechnology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3113717 Wed, 23 Dec 2009 15:20:19 +0100 3113717 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3113716&cid=s_37503_70_f&fid=37503&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20024786%26dopt%3DAbstract The objective of the present study was to investigate the associations of ACCalpha gene polymorphisms with chicken growth and body composition traits. The Northeast Agricultural University broiler lines divergently selected for abdominal fat content and the Northeast Agricultural University F(2) Resource Population were used in the current study. Body weight and body composition traits were measured in the aforementioned two populations. A synonymous mutation was detected in the exon 19 region of ACCalpha gene, then polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method was developed to genotype all the individuals derived from the aforementioned populations. Association analysis revealed that the polymorphism was associated with abdominal fat weight and perce... Animal Biotechnology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3113716 Wed, 23 Dec 2009 15:20:14 +0100 3113716 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3113715&cid=s_37503_70_f&fid=37503&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20024787%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Madsen MB, Birck MM, Fredholm M, Cirera S Obesity is an increasing problem worldwide and research on candidate genes in good animal models is highly needed. The pig is an excellent model as its metabolism, organ size, and eating habits resemble that of humans. The present study is focused on the characterization of the fat mass and obesity associated gene (FTO) in pig. This gene has recently been associated with increased body mass index in several human populations. To establish information on the expression profile of FTO in the pig we performed quantitative PCR in a panel of adult pig tissues and in tissues sampled at different developmental stages. Expression of the FTO transcript was detected in all tissues tested with significantly higher levels in brain tissues (cortex,... Animal Biotechnology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3113715 Wed, 23 Dec 2009 15:20:10 +0100 3113715 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3113714&cid=s_37503_70_f&fid=37503&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20024788%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, the full-length cDNA and genomic sequence of three genes of porcine TnI family were cloned and sequenced. The full-length cDNA of TNNI1, TNNI2, and TNNI3 genes were 989 bp, 734 bp, and 831 bp in length, which contained an open reading frame of 564, 549, and 636 nucleotides, respectively. Three Troponin I shared 54.4 approximately 58.3% similarity with each other in their predicted amino acid sequences. The TNNI1, TNNI2, and TNNI3 displayed the same genomic structure as other vertebrates and spanned over 9785 bp, 2373 bp, and 3648 bp genomic regions, respectively. The regulatory elements in the proximal promoter of TNNI2 and TNNI3 were conserved among human, mouse, and pig, but regulatory element differences existed in the TNNI1 promoter among them. Expression profiling showe... Animal Biotechnology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3113714 Wed, 23 Dec 2009 15:20:06 +0100 3113714 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3033678&cid=s_37503_70_f&fid=37503&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19937494%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Caballero I, Piedrahita JA The efficiency of the Serratia marcescens nuclease encoded by the NucA gene, with or without a nuclear localization signal (NLS), and the commonly used diphtheria toxin A (DTA) were compared for their ability to ablate cells in culture. Constructs containing the test genes driven by the beta-actin promoter coupled with enhancer elements from the cytomegalovirus promoter and rabbit beta-globin gene (pCAG) and the blasticidin resistance gene driven by the phosphoglycerate kinase (PGK) promoter were generated and electroporated into porcine fetal fibroblasts. Three independent replicates were completed. Following blasticidin selection, the number of surviving colonies was counted to assess the efficiency of the toxic gene. Both NucA and DTA proved to be... Animal Biotechnology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3033678 Fri, 27 Nov 2009 16:42:03 +0100 3033678 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3033677&cid=s_37503_70_f&fid=37503&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19937495%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Uebing-Czipura AU, Dawson HD, Rutherford MS, Scherba G Recently, we established and phenotypically characterized an immortalized porcine olfactory bulb neuroblast cell line, OBGF400 (1). To facilitate the future application of these cells in studies of neurological dysfunctions and neuronal pathogen interactions, a comprehensive knowledge of their genomic variability and overall gene expression capacity was pursued. Accordingly, the OBGF400 cells were subjected to karyotyping and more extensive transcriptome analyses. Cytogenetic characterization of these cells revealed a genetic mosaicism of neuronal hyperdiploidy. A direct comparison of the OBGF400 cell transcriptome pattern, generated by utilizing the Affymetrix GeneChip(R) Porcine Genome Array, to that of a non-neural, por... Animal Biotechnology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3033677 Fri, 27 Nov 2009 16:42:03 +0100 3033677 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3033676&cid=s_37503_70_f&fid=37503&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19937496%26dopt%3DAbstract This article discusses viral vector characteristics and potential applications in agriculturally important animal species. It discusses advantages and disadvantages of using viral vectors in genetic engineering of agricultural animals. PMID: 19937496 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Animal Biotechnology) Animal Biotechnology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3033676 Fri, 27 Nov 2009 16:42:03 +0100 3033676 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3033674&cid=s_37503_70_f&fid=37503&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19937497%26dopt%3DAbstract This study demonstrated that the yak MUC1 exhibits abundant polymorphisms in both its gene and protein, and the polymorphisms are due to the expression of VNTR in MUC1 gene. The possible cluster of the VNTR was also discussed in different ruminants. PMID: 19937497 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Animal Biotechnology) Animal Biotechnology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3033674 Fri, 27 Nov 2009 16:42:03 +0100 3033674 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3033673&cid=s_37503_70_f&fid=37503&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19937498%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Hu H, Liu YG, Zhao SM, Deng WD, Gao SZ An ovine PSMA6 gene was obtained from muscle full-length cDNA library of black-boned sheep. The sequences for the PSAM6 gene of Romney sheep and Yunling black goat were also generated in this study. Sequence analysis revealed that nucleotide sequence of this gene was not homologous to any of the known sheep genes, and its open reading frame encodes a protein that contains the putative conserved domain of proteasome subunit alpha type 6 (PSAM6). The nucleotide sequence had higher identity with other animals. However, one mutation of A to G at the site of 383 bp, leading to an amino acid mutation of Asn to Ser, was found only in the black-boned sheep. Tissue expression analysis indicated that this gene was generally expressed in most tissue... Animal Biotechnology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3033673 Fri, 27 Nov 2009 16:42:03 +0100 3033673 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3033671&cid=s_37503_70_f&fid=37503&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19937499%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, we evaluated haplotypes of the bovine FCGRT (encoding the FcRn heavy chain) and their relationship to the IgG concentration in bovine colostrum. Four single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), classified into five haplotypes, were identified in a total of 49 Holstein-Frisians cows. Haplotype 5 was found to be significantly associated with a high IgG level ([OR] = 9.90, 95%CI = 1.11-88.34, p = 0.016) and haplotype 2 exhibited a similar trend ([OR] = 2.89, 95%CI = 1.17-7.11, p = 0.019). PMID: 19937499 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Animal Biotechnology) Animal Biotechnology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3033671 Fri, 27 Nov 2009 16:42:03 +0100 3033671 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3033669&cid=s_37503_70_f&fid=37503&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19937500%26dopt%3DAbstract The objectives of this study were to evaluate the transfection effectiveness of retroviral vector PLNCX2 in yak sperm-mediated gene transfer (SMGT) and the effect of SMGT on sperm motility and fertilizability. Human lactoferrin (hLF) DNA was ligated into PLNCX2 to construct recombinant plasmid PLNCX2-hLF, then, using PLNCX2-hLF+FuGene 6 to generate SMGT yak spermatozoa for fertilizing bovine oocytes. The result showed that DNA-binding rate increased with the extension of incubation period and DNA treatment did not decrease sperm motility. Oocytes inseminated with SMGT-spermatozoa had a lower (P < 0.05) cleavage rate (57.7%) than the control (73.4%), but development up to blastocyst stage was not different (26.8 vs. 31.7%). It appears that PLNCX2 is useful for generating transgenic yaks ... Animal Biotechnology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3033669 Fri, 27 Nov 2009 16:42:03 +0100 3033669 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2548950&cid=s_37503_70_f&fid=37503&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19544205%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, bovine TLR2 gene was taken as a candidate gene for mastitis resistance. Through PCR-SSCP analysis and sequencing, three missense mutations at T385 G, G398A, and G1884A were detected in the coding region that encoded extracellular domain. Altogether 240 dairy cattle of three breeds (Holstein, Simmental, and Sanhe cattle) were genotyped and allele frequencies were determined. The effects of TLR2 polymorphisms on somatic cell score (SCS) were analyzed and significant association was found between T385 G and SCS. The mean of genotype GG was significantly lower than those of genotype TT and TG. No significant associations were found with SCS for G398A and G1884A. Information provided in this research will be useful in further studies to determine the role of TLR2 gene in the mast... Animal Biotechnology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2548950 Sun, 28 Jun 2009 06:16:03 +0100 2548950 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2548949&cid=s_37503_70_f&fid=37503&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19544206%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Fernandes LT, Tomás A, Bensaid A, Pérez-Enciso M, Sibila M, Sánchez A, Segalés J The aim of this exploratory work was to use a microarray-based approach to study the global transcriptome profile of caesarean-derived, colostrum-deprived (CDCD) piglets experimentally infected with porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2). PCV2-inoculated piglets developed a subclinical infection, as confirmed by serology, in situ hybridization and quantitative PCR. Total RNA from mesenteric lymph nodes and lungs was obtained by duplicate from 2 control and 2 PCV2-inoculated piglets and was hybridized to Affymetrix Porcine GeneChip. Among the 24,123 probesets studied, 25 and 33 were found to be significantly differentially expressed (DE) between control and PCV2 groups for mesenteric ... Animal Biotechnology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2548949 Sun, 28 Jun 2009 06:16:03 +0100 2548949 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2548948&cid=s_37503_70_f&fid=37503&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19544207%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Pena RN, Cánovas A, Varona L, Díaz I, Gallardo D, Ramírez O, Noguera JL, Quintanilla R Three genes are the major determinants of heritable hypercholesterolemia diseases in humans: APOB, LDLR and LDLRAP1, which encode for proteins that physically interact to promote cholesterol uptake in the cell. We have carried out association analyses of these variants with serum cholesterol and triglycerides concentrations in a half-sib Duroc pig population. Given the structure of the population (six paternal half-sib families), we have used a statistical model that considers separately the allele transmission through dams (at population level) and through sires (within-families from heterozygous sire). Only polymorphisms showing a relevant substitution effect for both male- ... Animal Biotechnology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2548948 Sun, 28 Jun 2009 06:16:03 +0100 2548948 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2548947&cid=s_37503_70_f&fid=37503&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19544208%26dopt%3DAbstract This study confirms that intramuscular expression of GHRH mediated by PLGA microspheres significantly enhances intergenerational growth. PMID: 19544208 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Animal Biotechnology) Animal Biotechnology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2548947 Sun, 28 Jun 2009 06:16:03 +0100 2548947 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2548946&cid=s_37503_70_f&fid=37503&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19544209%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Long H, Zhao S, Lei T, Han J, Yuan J, Qi Y, Yang Z Cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (CDK5) is a serine/threonine kinase homologue attributed to the mitotic cyclin-dependent kinase family. Both the kinase activity and the biological effects of CDK5 in central nervous system are mainly dependent on association with its regulatory subunit 1 known as CDK5R1 (p35). In the present study, the full-length coding regions of CDK5 and CDK5R1 were cloned from pigs. Radiation hybrid mapping localized porcine CDK5 to chromosome 18q12-13, whereas CDK5R1 was electro-localized to chromosome 12q12. Real-time quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR) showed that CDK5 mRNA is ubiquitously present in all porcine tissues examined, with relatively high levels in cerebral cortex, cerebellum, testicle and lung. We also ... Animal Biotechnology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2548946 Sun, 28 Jun 2009 06:16:03 +0100 2548946 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2548945&cid=s_37503_70_f&fid=37503&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19544210%26dopt%3DAbstract This study was designed to investigate the effect of somatostatin on oocytes maturation and subsequent embryo development in cattle. Bovine granulosa cells separated from oocytes, cultured for 24 h and transfected with pEGFP-N1 vector with mouse SST gene (Experimental) and with out plasmid transfection (Control). RT-PCR and Real-Time PCR were used to estimate the expression of bovine receptors of androgen, estrogen beta, growth hormone, and follicular stimulating hormone. Culture media concentrations of hormones were measured by kits using radioimmunoassay. COCs aspirated from ovaries were co-cultured with granulosa cells layers (transfected or control) at 38.5 degrees C in CO(2) incubator for maturation. We found a significant (2.37X) increase in estrogen receptor beta expression in exper... Animal Biotechnology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2548945 Sun, 28 Jun 2009 06:16:03 +0100 2548945 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2548944&cid=s_37503_70_f&fid=37503&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19544211%26dopt%3DAbstract This study presents a detailed investigation of the LRP/LR mRNA expression levels in eleven normal ovine tissues. Using real-time quantitative PCR, the highest LRP/LR expression was found in neocortex (p < 0.05). Slightly lower levels were found in the heart and obex. Intermediate levels were seen in hippocampus, cerebellum, spleen, thalamus, mesenteric lymph node, and the lowest levels were present in liver, kidney, and lung. In general, the LRP/LR mRNA levels were much higher in neuronal tissues than in peripheral tissues. The observation that differences in LRP/LR mRNA expression levels are consistent with the corresponding variation in PrP(Sc) accumulation suggests that the 37-kDa/67-kDa laminin receptor may be involved in the regulation of PrP(Sc) propagation. PMID: 19544211 [P... Animal Biotechnology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2548944 Sun, 28 Jun 2009 06:16:03 +0100 2548944 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2548943&cid=s_37503_70_f&fid=37503&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19544212%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Sharma D, Kumar S, Deb SM, Mitra A, Niranjan SK, Naskar S, Sharma A A fragment of 570 bp corresponding to exon 5 and 6 of integrin beta 2 (ITGB2) gene was amplified for screening D128G mutation in one hundred and fifty two buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) which causes bovine leukocyte adhesion deficiency syndrome (BLAD) in cattle, as well as to ascertain polymorphism. TaqI PCR-RFLP revealed no such mutation thus indicating the absence of bubaline leukocyte adhesion deficiency (BuLAD) allele in animals under study. However, the polymorphism studies using MspI restriction enzyme revealed two genotypic patterns viz. AA pattern (bands of 293, 141, 105, and 31 bp) and BB pattern (bands of 293, 105, 77, 64, and 31 bp). The sequences of A and B alleles were submitted to the GenBank (EU853... Animal Biotechnology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2548943 Sun, 28 Jun 2009 06:16:03 +0100 2548943 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2548942&cid=s_37503_70_f&fid=37503&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19544213%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Avilés C, Azor PJ, Pannier L, Hamill RM, Membrillo A, Molina A Calpains play an important role in the postmortem tenderization process of meat and several SNP in the mu-calpain gene (CAPN1) have been reported to be associated with tenderness in beef cattle. Our objectives were to identify the previously reported CAPN1 331G>C SNP and to detect new polymorphisms in this gene in Spanish maternal beef breeds. A fragment (exon 8 to 10) of the bovine CAPN1 gene was sequenced and genotyped in a sample of the main Spanish maternal beef breeds including Retinta, Morucha, and Avilenã Negra-Ibérica. These breeds are characterized for their high meat quality, their adaptation to adverse environmental conditions, and their good maternal aptitude. This adaptation makes it ... Animal Biotechnology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2548942 Sun, 28 Jun 2009 06:16:03 +0100 2548942 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2548941&cid=s_37503_70_f&fid=37503&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19544214%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Kumar OS, Rao GJ, Singh D, Sharma MK One of the predominant causes of poor reproduction in buffaloes is low levels of ovarian estrogens. A rate limiting enzyme in estrogen biosynthesis is cytochrome P450 aromatase (P450 AROM), the product of CYP19 gene. In the present study CYP19 cDNA was cloned and its 5'UTR was characterized by 5'RACE in granulosa cells of large follicles. CYP19 transcripts with four different 5'UTRs (206, 114, 90 and 3 bases) were found in buffalo granulosa cells of large ovarian follicles. Interestingly, a predominant aromatase transcript with short 5'UTR (3 nucleotides) was found. Further studies are required to understand the relevance of these transcripts and their translational efficiency in granulosa cells of large follicles during folliculogenesis of... Animal Biotechnology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2548941 Sun, 28 Jun 2009 06:16:03 +0100 2548941 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2548940&cid=s_37503_70_f&fid=37503&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19544215%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Feng T, Zhao YZ, Chu MX, Zhang YJ, Fang L, Di R, Cao GL, Li N KISS-1 and GPR54 were regarded as key regulators for the puberty onset and fundamental gatekeepers of sexual maturation in mammals. To explore the possible association between variations in KISS-1 and GPR54 with sexual precocity, mutation screening of exon 1 of KISS-1 and exon 1, exon 3, and partial exon 5 of GPR54 was performed in a sexual precocious breed (Jining Grey goats) and sexual late-maturing breeds (Inner Mongolia Cashmere, Angora, and Boer goats) by PCR-SSCP. The results showed that five novel mutations were identified in exon 1 and partial exon 5 of GPR54 including C96 T, T173C, G176A, G825A, and C981 T. The Jining Grey goats with genotype BB or AB had 1.07 (P < 0.05) or 0.40 (P < 0.05) kids more t... Animal Biotechnology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2548940 Sun, 28 Jun 2009 06:16:03 +0100 2548940 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2472277&cid=s_37503_70_f&fid=37503&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19370454%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Alvarez I, Traore A, Tamboura HH, Kabore A, Royo LJ, Fernandez I, Ouedraogo-Sanou G, Sawadogo L, Goyache F A total of 123 sheep belonging to the Djallonke, Mossi, and Burkina-Sahel breeds, along with 41 Spanish Xalda sheep were genotyped for 27 microsatellites. The pair Djallonke-Mossi had the highest between breeds molecular coancestry. Admixture analysis informed on the parental role of the Burkina-Sahel and Djallonke breeds. The Mossi breed was a hybrid population nearer to the Djallonke breed. Only half of the Mossi individuals were correctly assigned to their breed. The Burkina-Sahel and Djallonke breeds can be considered ancestrally different genetic entities. Differentiation between the Djallonke and Mossi breeds may be due to introgression of Sahelian sheep. PMID: ... Animal Biotechnology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2472277 Fri, 12 Jun 2009 20:10:04 +0100 2472277 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2472234&cid=s_37503_70_f&fid=37503&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19370455%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Fan B, Du ZQ, Rothschild MF The association of the FTO gene with obesity has been implicated in various human populations. The FTO gene is also most likely involved in the regulation of energy balance and feed intake. Here, the FTO gene was studied as a candidate gene for fatness and growth rate traits in pigs. The amino acid sequence of the FTO gene showed high conservation among human, pig, and other important domestic animals. Twelve variants including ten SNPs and two indels were detected, and then five SNPs within different genomic regions were genotyped in the ISU Berkshire x Yorkshire pig resource family. The linkage disequilibrium analyses revealed that most of these FTO variants were not in strong LD with each other. The SNPs c.46-139A > T within intron 1 and a syn... Animal Biotechnology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2472234 Fri, 12 Jun 2009 20:10:04 +0100 2472234 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2472210&cid=s_37503_70_f&fid=37503&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19370456%26dopt%3DAbstract The objectives of the present study were to estimate the allele and genotype frequencies of the POU1F1/HinfI polymorphisms in beef cattle belonging to four different genetic groups and to determine the effects of these polymorphisms on growth traits in cattle. The 451-bp PCR products of POU1F1 gene digested with HinfI exhibited three genotypes and two alleles, which were at Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (P > 0.05). Genotype BB was the predominant genotype and B the predominant allele in the studied populations. There was significant difference between Limousin x Qinchuan and Qinchuan in the distribution of genotypes (P < 0.0001). The association of the polymorphism of the POU1F1 gene with growth traits among Qinchuan, Limousin x Qinchuan, Angus x Qinchuan and Germany Yellow x Qinchuan c... Animal Biotechnology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2472210 Fri, 12 Jun 2009 20:10:04 +0100 2472210 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2472192&cid=s_37503_70_f&fid=37503&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19370457%26dopt%3DAbstract This study envisages role of beta-defensin peptides in innate immunity of mammary gland. PMID: 19370457 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Animal Biotechnology) Animal Biotechnology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2472192 Fri, 12 Jun 2009 20:10:04 +0100 2472192 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2472177&cid=s_37503_70_f&fid=37503&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19370458%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Singh SK, Rout PK, Agarwal R, Mandal A, Singh SK, Shukla SN, Roy R Leptin, the hormonal product of the leptin (obese) gene (LEP), has multiple physiological effects and plays a pivotal role in the control of body growth, immune function, and reproduction. LEP gene polymorphism has been analyzed in cattle, buffalo, and pigs, and the polymorphic pattern has been associated with energy balance, milk production, and live weight and fertility trait in different livestock species. The present study has been designed to analyze polymorphism in exon 2 and intron 2 region of leptin gene in Indian goats. Genotyping was carried out in 111 kids including 70 samples from Barbari and 41 samples from Jamunapari breeds. The amplified product of exon 2 and intron 2 region of leptin gene was 15... Animal Biotechnology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2472177 Fri, 12 Jun 2009 20:10:03 +0100 2472177 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2126311&cid=s_37503_70_f&fid=37503&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19160083%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Wall R, Powell A, Sohn E, Foster-Frey J, Bannerman D, Paape M Escherchia coli causes mastitis, an economically significant disease in dairy animals. E. coli endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide, LPS) when bound by host membrane proteins such as CD-14, causes release of proinflammatory cytokines recruiting neutrophils as an early, innate immune response. Excessive proinflammatory cytokines causes tissue damage, compromising mammary function. If present, soluble CD-14 (sCD-14) might out compete membrane bound CD-14, lessening the severity of the inflammatory response. To test this hypothesis transgenic mice, expressing sCD-14 in their milk (31 to 316 mug/ml), were evaluated. A cell culture study demonstrated, in the presence of LPS, milk from transgenic mice increased secretion of cyto... Animal Biotechnology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2126311 Fri, 23 Jan 2009 15:02:00 +0100 2126311 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2126310&cid=s_37503_70_f&fid=37503&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19160084%26dopt%3DAbstract The objective of this work was to implant the polymorphism G938A, naturally existent in Piedmontese breed, into in vitro propagated foetal myoblasts, from Nellore cattle. Single strand DNA (ssDNA) oligonucleotides were used to direct the same nucleotidic transition (G938A) to exon 3. Two transfection protocols (cationic lipid solution and electroporation) were tested and, 48 hours after transfection, RNA and DNA were extracted from myoblasts. Reverse transcription and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were performed, using primers flanking the mutation region. The PCR products were cloned and analyzed by DNA sequencing, and it was possible to detect the nucleotidic CT transition at position 938, in the electroporated myoblasts. The existence of a positive signal in the transfection indicates... Animal Biotechnology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2126310 Fri, 23 Jan 2009 15:02:00 +0100 2126310 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2126309&cid=s_37503_70_f&fid=37503&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19160085%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, the bovine GHSR gene was mapped to BTA1 between BL26 and BMS4004. Two different bovine GHSR CDS (GHSR1a and GHSR1b) were sequenced. Six polymorphisms (five SNPs and one 3-bp indel) were also identified, three of them leading to amino acid variations L24V, D194N, and Del R242. These variations are located in the extracellular N-terminal end, the exoloop 2, and the cytoloop 3 of the receptor, respectively. PMID: 19160085 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Animal Biotechnology) Animal Biotechnology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2126309 Fri, 23 Jan 2009 15:02:00 +0100 2126309 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2126308&cid=s_37503_70_f&fid=37503&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19160086%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Chuang CK, Lee KH, Fan CT, Su YS Based on the highly conserved sequences of small nuclear RNA and small cytoplasmic RNA between vertebrate species, three porcine type III RNA polymerase III promoters, pY1, pY3 and pU6, were identified by using genomic DNA walking. To test the functional relationship of these sequences, the human H1 promoter of pSUPER-EGFP-l-neo vector was substituted with these three promoters to create the ppPol III-MCS vectors. The strength of each promoter was measured by its ability to derive expression of shRNA to repress expression of luciferase via RNA interference in the pig kidney epithelial cell line LLC-PK1. We determine that the ranking of promoter strength in descending order is pU6 > pY1 > pY3. PMID: 19160086 [PubMed - in process] (Sour... Animal Biotechnology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2126308 Fri, 23 Jan 2009 15:02:00 +0100 2126308 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2126307&cid=s_37503_70_f&fid=37503&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19160087%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, the full-length cDNA of pig Cd127 was cloned and sequenced. Pig CD127 cDNA contains an open reading frame (1,380 bp) encoding 459 amino acids. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that pig CD127 is most homologous to that of cow (Bos taurus) with 87% amino acid identity and less homologous to that of chicken (Gallus gallus) with 36% amino acid identity among those of species. Structurally, pig CD127 has well-conserved cytoplasmic tail that transmits a signal and little diversity of extracellular domain, compared with those of other mammalian species. Expression analysis indicates that the mRNA transcript of pig CD127 is mainly detected in lymphoid tissues, but still detected in nonlymphoid tissues. Future studies will be focused on determining a more defined expression pattern of ... Animal Biotechnology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2126307 Fri, 23 Jan 2009 15:02:00 +0100 2126307 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1881125&cid=s_37503_70_f&fid=37503&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18855245%26dopt%3DAbstract This study analyzed the promoter region of the cPepT1 gene. Using deletion analysis, positive-acting (- 314 to - 261, - 169 to - 155, and - 120 to - 60) and negative-acting (- 419 to - 386 and - 214 to - 169) regions were mapped in transfected chick embryo fibroblasts (CEF). The addition of neither amino acids Phe, Arg, or Val, nor the dipeptides Gly-Sar (glycyl-sarcosine), Gly-Pro, Gly-Phe, Met-Pro, Met-Lys or Lys-Lys, had an effect on cPepT1 promoter activity in transfected CEF. The cPepT1 promoter was more active in CEF and primary chicken intestinal cells than in chicken liver cells. This study represents a functional characterization of the molecular regulation of the chicken PepT1 gene. PMID: 18855245 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Animal Biotechnology) Animal Biotechnology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1881125 Thu, 16 Oct 2008 17:01:45 +0100 1881125 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1881124&cid=s_37503_70_f&fid=37503&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18855246%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, treatment of transfected cells with TSA decreased the genome DNA methylation level, increased histone acetylation, and eGFP gene expression was activated. Donor cells with reduced DNA methylation did not improve subsequent cloned embryo development; however, transgene expression was improved in cloned embryos. PMID: 18855246 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Animal Biotechnology) Animal Biotechnology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1881124 Thu, 16 Oct 2008 17:01:45 +0100 1881124 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1881123&cid=s_37503_70_f&fid=37503&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18855247%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Shi XJ, Ma GP, Li BL, Yang JL, Li YX, Liu XH, Liu QG There is increasing evidence of the association of the new variant of Creutzfeldt-Jacob disease (nvCJD) in humans with bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) in cattle. Many countries established legislation of banning central nervous system (CNS) tissues, which are regarded as BSE-specified risk materials (SRM), in human food supply because of the potential transmission of BSE to humans. A real-time reverse transcriptase-PCR assay using the bovine glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) mRNA template for the detection of CNS tissues in raw and cooked beef products was developed in this study. The results showed that (1) this method can detect CNS tissues from bovine and ovine origins, but not from porcine and avian ones; (2)... Animal Biotechnology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1881123 Thu, 16 Oct 2008 17:01:45 +0100 1881123 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1881122&cid=s_37503_70_f&fid=37503&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18855248%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Philipp U, Vollmar A, Distl O Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a myocardial disorder characterized by left ventricular dilatation and impaired systolic contraction. Irish wolfhounds (IW) and other large breed dogs are most commonly disposed to DCM. We analyzed the titin-cap (TCAP, telethonin) gene as candidate for DCM. Genomic DNA was analyzed in eight DCM affected and five DCM-free IWs. cDNA was sequenced in one DCM-affected IW and two unaffected dogs, one Tibetan terrier and one Dachshund. Compared to the Boxer reference sequence, one sequence difference was identified in the 3'UTR and two in the intron sequence. In the IWs the sequences were monomorphic. In order to rule out a breed-specific haplotype that predisposes to DCM, the polymorphisms were genotyped in 24 Elo dogs, ... Animal Biotechnology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1881122 Thu, 16 Oct 2008 17:01:45 +0100 1881122 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1881121&cid=s_37503_70_f&fid=37503&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18855249%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, the full-length cDNA of pig CD82 was cloned and sequenced. Pig Cd82 cDNA contains an open reading frame (801 bp) encoding 266 amino acids. Sequence alignment results indicated that pig CD82 cDNA evidenced 85.45%, 85.63%, 77.03%, and 77.78% identity with human, cattle, rat, and mouse, respectively. In the expression study, the constitutive expression of swine Cd82 mRNA was detected in a variety of tissues, including lymphoid tissues as well as nonlymphoid tissues. Future studies will be focused on the functional role of CD82 during the course of pig infectious diseases or tumor development. PMID: 18855249 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Animal Biotechnology) Animal Biotechnology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1881121 Thu, 16 Oct 2008 17:01:45 +0100 1881121 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1881120&cid=s_37503_70_f&fid=37503&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18855250%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Reed KM, Chaves LD Trace sequences from the 2X alpaca genome sequencing effort were examined to identify simple sequence repeats (microsatellites) for genetic studies. A total of 6,685 repeat-containing sequences were downloaded from GenBank, processed, and assembled into contigs representing an estimated 4,278 distinct sequences. This sequence set contained 2,290 sequences of length > 100 nucleotides that contained microsatellites of length >/= 14 dinucleotide or 10 trinucleotide repeats with purity equal to 100%. An additional 13 sequences contained a GC microsatellite of length >/= 12 repeats (purity = 100%) were also obtained. Primer pairs for amplification of 1,516 putative loci are presented. Amplification of genomic DNA from alpaca and llama by PCR was demonstr... Animal Biotechnology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1881120 Thu, 16 Oct 2008 17:01:45 +0100 1881120 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1881119&cid=s_37503_70_f&fid=37503&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18855251%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Shu JT, Bao WB, Zhang XY, Zhang HX, Chen GH The current study was designed to investigate the effects of the purH gene on chicken muscle inosine monophosphate (IMP) content. Muscle IMP content was measured in five chicken breeds. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were detected by PCR-SSCP and DNA sequencing. Two SNPs were detected, A/T substitution at position 8023 in exon 9, and T/C substitution at position 17446 in exon 16. The results indicated that only T17446C polymorphism was associated with IMP content. The haplotype effect was higher than the single genotype effect. We tentatively conclude that purH gene is a candidate locus or linked to a major gene that affects muscle IMP content. Haplotypes are superior to single genotypes as potential molecular markers for mea... Animal Biotechnology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1881119 Thu, 16 Oct 2008 17:01:45 +0100 1881119 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1597649&cid=s_37503_70_f&fid=37503&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18607785%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Cirera S, Fredholm M The porcine surfactant protein B (SFTPB) is a single copy gene on chromosome 3. Three different cDNAs for the SFTPB have been isolated and sequenced. Nucleotide sequence comparison revealed six nonsynonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), four synonymous SNPs and an in-frame deletion of 69 bp in the region coding for the active protein. Northern analysis showed lung-specific expression of three different isoforms of the SFTPB transcript. The expression level for the SFTPB gene is low in 50 days-old fetus and it increases during lung development. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) showed significant down regulation of the SFTPB in pigs with Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae lung infection. PMID: 18607785 [PubMed - in process]... Animal Biotechnology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1597649 Wed, 09 Jul 2008 16:45:20 +0100 1597649 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1597648&cid=s_37503_70_f&fid=37503&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18607786%26dopt%3DAbstract We present here a detailed analysis of ASB6 transcripts in pigs. We demonstrate the existence of an alternative transcript resulting from intron retention. This secondary transcript, if functional, encodes a protein without SOCS box. A comparison of mammalian ASB6 transcripts is performed to demonstrate the importance of transcripts encoding for a truncated ASB6 protein. PMID: 18607786 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Animal Biotechnology) Animal Biotechnology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1597648 Wed, 09 Jul 2008 16:45:20 +0100 1597648 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1597647&cid=s_37503_70_f&fid=37503&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18607787%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, we characterized the full-length cDNA, genomic DNA sequence, expression profile and polymorphism of the porcine CTSD gene. The full-length cDNA of porcine CTSD gene and the predicted protein sequence shared high identities wih other mammalian orthologous. Northern-blot analysis and Reverse transcription (RT)-PCR results indicated that the CTSD gene has one transcript of approximately 2.0 kb in normal tissues and was expressed ubiquitously in pigs, without significant differences in porcine heart, liver, spleen, lung, kidney, stomach, fat, triceps brachi, biceps femoris, and longissimus muscles. The porcine CTSD gene spans approximately 9.0 kb including nine exons. All exon/intron boundaries adhere to the GT/AG rule. Altogether 35 nucleotide polymorphisms of CTSD gene were di... Animal Biotechnology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1597647 Wed, 09 Jul 2008 16:45:20 +0100 1597647 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1597646&cid=s_37503_70_f&fid=37503&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18607788%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Daniłowicz E, Akouchekian M, Drogemuller C, Haase B, Leeb T, Kuiper H, Distl O, Iras FC Different cytokines are secreted in response to specific microbial molecules referred to as pathogen associated molecular patterns (PAMPs). Interleukin 6 (IL6) and interleukin 10 (IL10), both secreted by macrophages and lymphocytes, play a central role in the immunological response. In this work we obtained the genomic structure and complete DNA sequence of the porcine IL6 and IL10 genes and identified polymorphisms in the genomic sequences of these genes on a panel of ten different pig breeds. Comparative intra- and interbreed sequence analysis revealed a total of eight polymorphisms in the porcine IL6 gene and 21 in the porcine IL10 gene, which include single nucleotide polymorphism... Animal Biotechnology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1597646 Wed, 09 Jul 2008 16:45:20 +0100 1597646 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1597645&cid=s_37503_70_f&fid=37503&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18607789%26dopt%3DAbstract This study uses sequences from four turkey muscle cDNA libraries to demonstrate how mtDNA sequences gleaned from collections of ESTs can be used to estimate SNP parameters and thus help predict the validity of SNPs. PMID: 18607789 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Animal Biotechnology) Animal Biotechnology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1597645 Wed, 09 Jul 2008 16:45:20 +0100 1597645 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1597644&cid=s_37503_70_f&fid=37503&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18607790%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, we have determined the genomic structure of 5'- and 3'-regions in the bovine ADAM12 gene. We could obtain characteristics of lower homology of its exon 2 with human counterpart. Human exon S19 encodes for the sequence specific to a shorter secreted form of ADAM12S. The bovine ADAM12 gene had no canonical 3'-splice acceptor site at 5'-side of the putative exon S19, suggesting that the cattle could not produce a ADAM12S counterpart. To identify the regulatory elements, a 12 kb 5'-flanking region of the gene was cloned and luciferase reporter assay was carried out. Reporter plasmids with different length of proximal promoter region indicated the similar patterns of promoter activities between 3T3-L1 preadipose and Cos-1 nonadipose cells. However, 2.0 and 0.2 kb fragments locate... Animal Biotechnology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1597644 Wed, 09 Jul 2008 16:45:20 +0100 1597644 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1597643&cid=s_37503_70_f&fid=37503&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18607791%26dopt%3DAbstract This study examined the association between expression of heart- and adipocyte-fatty acid binding-protein genes (H- and A-FABP) with intramuscular fat percentage (IFP) in two Chinese chicken breeds (Beijingyou [BJY] and Jingxing [JX]). The results showed that age and breed had significant effects on the FABP expression. A-FABP mRNA levels were dramatically higher in BJY than in JX chickens and in males than in females. The results indicate that transcription of H- and A-FABP genes was significantly correlated with IFP in two breeds of chicken. PMID: 18607791 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Animal Biotechnology) Animal Biotechnology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1597643 Wed, 09 Jul 2008 16:45:20 +0100 1597643 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1597642&cid=s_37503_70_f&fid=37503&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18607792%26dopt%3DAbstract This study aimed to analyze allelic frequency differences at position - 1689 (g. A > G) and + 15 (g. A > G) of the alpha-lactalbumin gene in Holstein (Bos taurus) and Nellore (Bos indicus) cows. Blood samples were analyzed from 34 Holstein, 104 Nellore, and 99 Dairy Nellore cows using PCR-RFLP. The different RFLP patterns were sequenced and a novel sequence variation on nucleotide - 46 was identified. An adenine at this position was designated as the A allele and a guanine was designated B allele. The frequencies of alleles A - 1689, A - 46, and A + 15 differed between Holstein and both Nellore breeds. The results show that differences in alpha-lactalbumin allelic variants in the 5'-flanking and the 5'-UTR region might be associated with differences in milk production between Holstei... Animal Biotechnology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1597642 Wed, 09 Jul 2008 16:45:20 +0100 1597642 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1584901&cid=s_37503_70_f&fid=37503&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18228171%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Young AE, Bannasch DL Canine chondrodysplasia is a heritable defect of endochondral ossification characterized by disproportionately short limbs. It is directly linked to significant health concerns, such as intervertebral disc disease. Some human skeletal dysplasias exhibit similar disproportionate dwarfisms and are associated with mutations in the RMRP and SHOX genes. These phenotypic similarities indicated RMRP and SHOX as candidate genes in dogs. They were sequenced in three chondrodysplastic and three normal-legged breeds. Single nucleotide polymorphisms in the promoter regions of both genes and in exon 2 of SHOX were found in affected and unaffected breeds, indicating that they are not associated with canine chondrodysplasia. PMID: 18228171 [PubMed - indexed for MEDL... Animal Biotechnology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1584901 Mon, 07 Jul 2008 15:02:54 +0100 1584901 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1584900&cid=s_37503_70_f&fid=37503&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18228172%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Zaunbrecher GM, Dunne PW, Mir B, Breen M, Piedrahita JA Advancements in somatic cell gene targeting have been slow due to the finite lifespan of somatic cells and the overall inefficiency of homologous recombination. The rate of homologous recombination is determined by mechanisms of DNA repair, and by the balance between homologous recombination (HR) and non-homologous end joining (NHEJ). A plasmid-to-plasmid, extra chromosomal recombination system was used to study the effects of the manipulation of molecules involved in NHEJ (Mre11, Ku70/80, and p53) on HR/NHEJ ratios. In addition, the effect of telomerase expression, cell synchrony, and DNA nuclear delivery was examined. While a mutant Mre11 and an anti-Ku aptamer did not significantly affect the rate of NHEJ or HR, transi... Animal Biotechnology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1584900 Mon, 07 Jul 2008 15:02:54 +0100 1584900 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1584899&cid=s_37503_70_f&fid=37503&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18228173%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Li C, Bin Y, Curchoe C, Yang L, Feng D, Jiang Q, O'Neill M, Tian XC, Zhang S The genes insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2) and H19 express paternally and maternally, respectively, in humans, mice, sheep, and cattle. Additionally, IGF2 has been shown to be regulated by at least four promoters in a tissue- or development-specific manner. In the domestic pigs, the promoter- and tissue-specific imprinting pattern of IGF2 has not been well characterized, nor is the imprinting pattern of H19. In the present study, we identified two polymorphisms in each of IGF2 (exons 2 and 9) and H19 (exons 1 and 5) and determined the imprinting status of these two genes in 13 organs / tissues of week-old pigs. IGF2 P1 transcript is bi-allelically expressed (not imprinted) in all major organs studi... Animal Biotechnology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1584899 Mon, 07 Jul 2008 15:02:54 +0100 1584899 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1584898&cid=s_37503_70_f&fid=37503&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18228174%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Rogatcheva MB, Chen K, Larkin DM, Meyers SN, Marron BM, He W, Schook LB, Beever JE Availability of the human genome sequence and high similarity between humans and pigs at the molecular level provides an opportunity to use a comparative mapping approach to piggy-BAC the human genome. In order to advance the pig genome sequencing initiative, sequence similarity between large-scale porcine BAC-end sequences (BESs) and human genome sequence was used to construct a comparatively-anchored porcine physical map that is a first step towards sequencing the pig genome. A total of 50,300 porcine BAC clones were end-sequenced, yielding 76,906 BESs after trimming with an average read length of 538 bp. To anchor the porcine BACs on the human genome, these BESs were subjected to BLAST analys... Animal Biotechnology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1584898 Mon, 07 Jul 2008 15:02:54 +0100 1584898 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1584897&cid=s_37503_70_f&fid=37503&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18228175%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Kaminski S, Help H, Brym P, Rusc A, Wójcik E SNiPORK is an oligonucleotide microarray based on the arrayed primer extension (APEX) technique, allowing genotyping of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in genes of interest for pork yield and quality traits. APEX consists of a sequencing reaction primed by an oligonucleotide anchored with its 5' end to a glass slide and terminating one nucleotide before the polymorphic site. Extension with one fluorescently labeled dideoxynucleotide complementary to the template reveals the polymorphism. Ninety SNPs were selected from those associated directly or potentially with pork traits. Of the 90 SNPs, 5 did not produce a positive signal. For 85 SNPs, 100% repeatiblity was proved by double genotyping of 13 randomly chosen boars. In... Animal Biotechnology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1584897 Mon, 07 Jul 2008 15:02:54 +0100 1584897 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1584896&cid=s_37503_70_f&fid=37503&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18432397%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, two enucleation methods, the squeezing and the aspiration methods, were compared. The efficiency of these two methods to enucleate pig oocytes and the in vitro and in vivo viability of somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) pig embryos, were evaluated. In the squeezing method, the zona pellucida was partially dissected and a small amount of cytoplasm containing metaphase II (MII) chromosomes and the first polar body (PB) were pushed out. In the aspiration method, the PB and MII chromosomes were aspirated using a beveled micropipette. After injection of fetal fibroblasts into the perivitelline space, reconstructed oocytes were fused and activated electrically, and then cultured in vitro for 6 days or transferred to surrogates. The squeezing method resulted in a higher proportio... Animal Biotechnology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1584896 Mon, 07 Jul 2008 15:02:54 +0100 1584896 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1584895&cid=s_37503_70_f&fid=37503&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18432398%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Reed KM, Faile GM, Kreuth SB, Chaves LD, Sullivan LM Bacterial artificial chromosomes (BACs) provide an important resource in genetic mapping. An initial set of BACs corresponding to microsatellite markers in the turkey (Meleagris gallopavo) was isolated from the CHORI-260 turkey BAC library. The selected markers were distributed on both macro- and microchromosomes and included a genetically unlinked marker. End sequences were obtained for a subset of the recovered BACs and compared to the chicken whole genome sequence. Close association of the turkey BAC-end sequences and original marker sequences was generally conserved in the chicken genome. Gene content of the turkey BACs is predicted from the comparative sequence alignments. PMID: 18432398 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLIN... Animal Biotechnology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1584895 Mon, 07 Jul 2008 15:02:54 +0100 1584895 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1584894&cid=s_37503_70_f&fid=37503&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18432399%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Chitko-McKown CG, Leonard JC, Moscatello D, Miller LC, Freking BA Two cell lines, designated MARC.OVSM, and MARC.OKF, were initiated from the aorta and kidney, respectively, obtained from the Texel ram used to make the CHORI-243 Ovine BAC library. These cell lines have been submitted to the NIA Aging Cell Repository at the Coriell Cell Respositories, Camden, NJ, USA, and will be made publicly available. PMID: 18432399 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Animal Biotechnology) Animal Biotechnology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1584894 Mon, 07 Jul 2008 15:02:54 +0100 1584894 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1584893&cid=s_37503_70_f&fid=37503&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18432400%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, we show that expression of the Westmead DMBA8 nonmetastatic cDNA 1 (WDNM1) gene was increased upon SFM and/or TNFalpha treatment, with a corresponding increase in apoptotic cells, and gradually decreased following re-stimulation with serum in HC11 mammary epithelial cells. TNFalpha induced WDNM1 expression showed the NFkappaB-dependent mechanism since it's expression was abrogated in IkappaBalphaM (super-repressor of NFkappaB)-transfected cells, but not those transfected with control vector. Furthermore, overexpression of WDNM1 suppressed growth and differentiation, and accelerated apoptosis of HC11 cells. Thus, our results demonstrate that WDNM1 gene expression, regulated by the TNFalpha-NFkappaB signal pathway, is associated with HC11 cell apoptosis. PMID: 18432400 [Pu... Animal Biotechnology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1584893 Mon, 07 Jul 2008 15:02:54 +0100 1584893 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1584892&cid=s_37503_70_f&fid=37503&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18432401%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Dai JW, Liu SC, Hao LL, Zhang YL, Zhang Q, Ren XH, Jiang QY Somatostatin (SS) and growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) are synthesized and secreted by the hypothalamus, which can control the synthesis and secretion of the growth hormone (GH) from the hypophysis as well as regulate the GH concentrations in animals and humans. In this article, we describe the regulation of animal growth using plasmid DNA encoding both the GHRH gene and the SS gene fused with the hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) gene. We constructed a series of expression plasmids to express the GHRH and HBsAg-SS fusion genes individually as well as collectively. The fusion gene and GHRH were successfully expressed in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells, as proven by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain rea... Animal Biotechnology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1584892 Mon, 07 Jul 2008 15:02:54 +0100 1584892 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1584891&cid=s_37503_70_f&fid=37503&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18432402%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Liu GY, Gao SZ, Ge CR, Zhang X The cDNAs for Machado-Joseph disease protein 1 homolog (MJD1), cell division control protein 42 homolog precursor(CDC42) and necdin (NECD) genes of pig were amplified using the reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) based on the conserved coding sequence information of the MJD1, CDC42, and NECD genes from mouse and other mammals and the referenced porcine EST sequence information. Tissue expression analysis showed the swine MJD1, CDC42, and NECD genes were obviously differentially expressed in different tissues including muscle, heart, liver, backfat, kidney, lung, small intestine, and large intestine. Our experiment established the primary foundation for further research on these three swine genes. PMID: 18432402 [PubMed - ... Animal Biotechnology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1584891 Mon, 07 Jul 2008 15:02:54 +0100 1584891 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1584890&cid=s_37503_70_f&fid=37503&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18432403%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, we describe intraspecies variation in the alphaC connector region of the bovine fibrinogen Aalpha gene. Sequencing and genotyping of six bovine breeds revealed 7 to 10 tandem repeats in the alphaC connector region. In addition, we observed length differences between B. indicus and B. taurus, with the B. indicus having longer fibrinogen alphaC connectors (10-repeat alleles) than B. taurus (7- and 9-repeats). The difference in tandem repeats may be related to the function of blood coagulation system. PMID: 18432403 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Animal Biotechnology) Animal Biotechnology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1584890 Mon, 07 Jul 2008 15:02:54 +0100 1584890 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1584933&cid=s_37503_70_f&fid=37503&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17364439%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Xu HT, Fan BL, Yu SY, Huang YH, Zhao ZH, Lian ZX, Dai YP, Wang LL, Liu ZL, Fei J, Li N Based on the known partial cDNA sequence of dragline silk protein an artificial gene monomer, a 360 bp sequence, was designed and polymerized to encode an analog of dragline silk protein. Six tandem copies of monomer were cloned into pBC1 vector and microinjected into the pronuclei of fertilized Kunming White eggs. Transgenic mice were screened by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) and Southern blot which revealed that 10 mice (5 male, 5 female) among 58 mice were transgenic positive. Milk of five F0 mice and eight F1 mice was analyzed by Western blot, and two F0 mice and seven F1 mice expressed recombinant dragline silk protein. In transgenic mice milk a maximum of concentration of recombinant... Animal Biotechnology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1584933 Mon, 01 Jan 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1584933 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1584932&cid=s_37503_70_f&fid=37503&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17364440%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Yang ZQ, Zhou GB, Hou YP, Yan CL, Zhu SE For the purpose of ascertaining parameters to embryo transfer on some domestic animals, mouse morulae were used as a model to investigate the effect of in-straw thawing on in vitro and in vivo-development of vitrified embryos. Embryos were vitrified in 0.25 ml straws preloaded with dilution solution (0.5 M Sucrose) and thawed in the straw by mixing the vitrification solution (Ethylene glycol + Ficoll 70 + Sucrose) and the dilution solution at 25 degrees C. The embryos were randomly divided into six groups and expelled from the straws after they had been suspended in the in-straw mixture for 3 min, 5 min, 8 min, 12 min, 16 min, and 20 min, respectively, and then they were collected under a microscope for in vitro culture or direct transf... Animal Biotechnology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1584932 Mon, 01 Jan 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1584932 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1584931&cid=s_37503_70_f&fid=37503&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17364441%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Mercadé A, Sánchez A, Folch JM CDP-diacylglycerol synthase (CDS) catalyzes the conversion of phosphatidic acid to CDP-diacylglycerol, an important precursor for the synthesis of phosphatidylinositol, phosphatidylglycerol, and cardiolipin. We amplified and sequenced 2,053 bp of the pig CDS1 mRNA. The structure of the pig CDS1 gene was determined, being very similar to that of the human, rat, and mouse genes with respect size and organization of the 13 exons. In addition, we identified three polymorphic positions in exons 10 and 11. One of them, the A/C1006, was genotyped in samples belonging to Iberian, Landrace, Large White, Pietrain, and Meishan pig breeds. Expression of this gene was also analyzed by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in different tissues sh... Animal Biotechnology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1584931 Mon, 01 Jan 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1584931 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1584930&cid=s_37503_70_f&fid=37503&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17364442%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Chmurzynska A, Szydlowski M, Stachowiak M, Stankiewicz M, Switonski M Associations between FABP3 (alternatively named H-FABP) gene polymorphisms and fatness traits were tested in two pig breeds (Polish Large White and Polish Landrace) and one synthetic line - 990. Three known single nucleotide polymorphisms, detected by HinfI, MspI and HaeIII restriction enzymes, were analyzed. Moreover, three new polymorphisms in the 5' regulatory region were identified: C(-221)T, C(-160)G and T(-158)G, but only the third one was widely distributed and correlated with backfat thickness in line 990. The obtained results suggest that the FABP3 gene is linked with an unknown gene directly affecting backfat thickness, but the analyzed polymorphisms do not influence fatness traits. PMID: 17364... Animal Biotechnology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1584930 Mon, 01 Jan 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1584930 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1584929&cid=s_37503_70_f&fid=37503&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17364443%26dopt%3DAbstract This study was first employed to investigate the developmental potential of mouse hatched blastocyts (HBs) vitrified by a two-step open-pulled straw (OPS) method. HBs were obtained by culture of morulae in vitro. First, the embryos were placed in four cryprotectant solutions - that is, 10% ethylene glycol (EG), 10%E + 10%D (10% EG and 10% dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) in mPBS), EFS30 (30% EG, Ficoll, and sucrose) and EDFS30 (15% EG, 15% DMSO, Ficoll, and sucrose)--at 25 degrees C for 0.5 to 10 min, respectively, to determine their optimal survival after rapid dilution in 0.5 M sucrose. Secondly, based on the above best survival, the embryos were plunged into liquid nitrogen after first pretreatment in 10%E for 0.5 min and then 0.5 min equilibration in EFS30 (Group 1), or 10%E + 10%D and EDFS3... Animal Biotechnology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1584929 Mon, 01 Jan 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1584929 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1584928&cid=s_37503_70_f&fid=37503&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17364444%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Muramatsu Y, Lejulole HY, Taniguchi Y, Yamada T, Sasaki Y, Konfortov BA, Yasue H We previously detected 368 expressed sequence tags showing early embryonic death-associated changes of expression patterns in the fetal placenta of the cow carrying somatic nuclear-derived cloned embryo. In the present study 7 (presumed expressed sequence tags for HYPC, SPTBN1 and TNNC2, and four expressed sequence tags for unknown novel genes) out of the 368 expressed sequence tags were mapped to bovine chromosomes by analyzing deoxyribonucleic acids of bovine/murine somatic cell hybrid panel with polymerase chain reaction using primers specific for those bovine genes. PMID: 17364444 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Animal Biotechnology) Animal Biotechnology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1584928 Mon, 01 Jan 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1584928 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1584927&cid=s_37503_70_f&fid=37503&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17364445%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Hreidarsdóttir GE, Cirera S, Fredholm M Carboxypeptidase E (CPE) is an important enzyme responsible for the proteolytic processing of prohormone intermediates. A naturally occurring point mutation, leading to an accumulation of many neuroendocrine peptides has been characterized within exon 5 of the CPE gene in mice. In the present study the sequence of the cDNA for the porcine CPE gene including all the coding region and the 3'-UTR region was generated. Comparisons with bovine, human, mouse, and rat CPE cDNA sequences showed that the coding regions of the gene are highly conserved both at the nucleotide and at the amino acid level. A very low nonsynonymous/synonymous substitution ratios between the proteins was found indicating that purifying selection is acting on the C... Animal Biotechnology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1584927 Mon, 01 Jan 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1584927 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1584926&cid=s_37503_70_f&fid=37503&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17364446%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Chu MX, Mu YL, Fang L, Ye SC, Sun SH DNA polymorphism of the ovine prolactin receptor gene (PRLR) was investigated and used to study its effect on litter size in sheep. By means of PRLR gene sequence homology between sheep and human, three primer pairs were designed for polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification within intron 1 and exon 10 of the PRLR gene in sheep. In these parts of the gene the single nucleotide polymorphisms were detected by PCR-single strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) in 314 Small Tail Han ewes. These poly-morphisms were used to study the associations with litter size. The results indicated that there were three genotypes (AA, AB and BB) detected by three primer pairs. For three primer pairs the frequency of allele A was 0.96, 0.79, 0.68; and the ... Animal Biotechnology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1584926 Mon, 01 Jan 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1584926 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1584925&cid=s_37503_70_f&fid=37503&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17453646%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Imai K, Matsughige T, Watanabe T, Sugimoto Y, Ihara N The goal of this study is to detect quantitative trait loci (QTL) for carcass traits applicable for a DNA-based breeding system in a Japanese Black cattle population. A purebred paternal half-sib family from a commercial line composed of 65 steers was initially analyzed using 188 informative microsatellites giving a 16-cM average interval covering 29 autosomes. A significant QTL for marbling was detected in the centromeric portion of bovine chromosome (BTA) 9. After additional marker genotyping across a larger sample size composed of 169 individuals, this locus was refined to a 20-cM confidence interval between microsatellites BM1227 (24 cM) and DIK2741 (50 cM) at a 1% chromosome-wise threshold. The allele substitution effe... Animal Biotechnology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1584925 Mon, 01 Jan 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1584925 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1584924&cid=s_37503_70_f&fid=37503&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17453647%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Vijh RK, Tantia MS, Mishra B, Kumar ST Estimation of genetic variability and relationship among different livestock breeds is important for management of genetic resources for their sustainable utilization and conservation. This is more important when the livestock species, like camel, have shown a sharp decline in head count during the last decade. In the present study we estimated genetic variability and relationship among four camel breeds of India using 23 microsatellite loci. A total of 252 alleles were observed across all the four populations with mean number of alleles per locus as 8.04, 7.30, 6.39, and 7.43 for Bikaneri, Jaisalmeri, Kutchi, and Mewari breeds, respectively. The mean observed heterozygosity of the four breeds were 0.58, 0.57, 0.56, and 0.60 for Bikaneri,... Animal Biotechnology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1584924 Mon, 01 Jan 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1584924 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1584923&cid=s_37503_70_f&fid=37503&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17453648%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Wang Q, Li H, Leng L, Wang Y, Tang Z, Li N, Zhang F Fatty acid-binding proteins (FABP) belong to a superfamily of lipid binding proteins that exhibit a high affinity for long chain fatty acids and appear to function in metabolism and intracellular transportation of lipids. The current study was designed to investigate the effects of heart (H)-FABP gene on chicken growth and body composition traits. The Northeast Agricultural University divergent broiler lines for abdominal fat and a broiler X silkie F2 population were used in this study. Body weight and body composition traits were measured in the populations. Primers were designed according to the chicken H-FABP gene sequence. Polymorphisms between parental lines were detected by DNA sequencing. PCR-RFLP and PCR-fragment leng... Animal Biotechnology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1584923 Mon, 01 Jan 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1584923 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1584922&cid=s_37503_70_f&fid=37503&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17453649%26dopt%3DAbstract This article describes the isolation of the two alternative splice variants of EPLIN mRNA in pigs. The chromosome assignment and several polymorphism sites were also identified to lay a foundation for potential breeding applications. Gene expression analysis by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) showed that both of transcripts were expressed in almost all tissues examined but in variable amounts in adult pigs. The temporal expression analysis indicated that they are not coexpressional through muscle development: EPLIN-alpha was detected in developing skeletal muscle, but EPLIN-beta was not. PMID: 17453649 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Animal Biotechnology) Animal Biotechnology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1584922 Mon, 01 Jan 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1584922 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1584921&cid=s_37503_70_f&fid=37503&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17453650%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Civánová K, Knoll A The aim of the study was to introduce a convenient method for identification of differences among individual animals in genes supposed to influence meat performance in pigs. The set of seven candidate genes (IGF2, FOS, MC4R, DGAT1, MYF4, MYF, and MC3R) was used. To determine the genotypes, multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and minisequencing using SNaPshot system (Applied Biosystems; Forster City, CA, USA) were applied. The efficiency of this gene panel for routine testing in pigs was verified in the Black Pied Prestice pig breed by the statistical general linear model. The results showed that both the method and the gene panel are convenient for meat quality testing and offer reproducible results. PMID: 17453650 [PubMed - indexed for ... Animal Biotechnology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1584921 Mon, 01 Jan 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1584921 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1584920&cid=s_37503_70_f&fid=37503&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17453651%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Vidal O, Sánchez A, Amills M, Noguera JL We have sequenced 3,013 bp of the pig acyl coenzyme A long-chain synthetase 1 (ACSL1) gene. Sequence analysis allowed us to identify three conserved elements in the predicted amino acid sequence, two of them related to the ATP/AMP signature motif and the third involved in enzyme catalysis and fatty acid substrate specificity. In addition, we have identified five C --> T and one G --> A transition polymorphisms located in exon 16 (SNPe16), exon 17 (SNPe17) and the 3' UTR (SNPa to d), which have been genotyped in 143 pigs from the Landrace, Large White, Piétrain, Iberian, and Duroc breeds. PMID: 17453651 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Animal Biotechnology) Animal Biotechnology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1584920 Mon, 01 Jan 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1584920 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1584919&cid=s_37503_70_f&fid=37503&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17453652%26dopt%3DAbstract This report also differs from the earlier findings that MDGI is intermediate of FABP-heart and adipose. PMID: 17453652 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Animal Biotechnology) Animal Biotechnology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1584919 Mon, 01 Jan 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1584919 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1584918&cid=s_37503_70_f&fid=37503&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17453653%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, DC pulse, ethanol, CB, and 6-DMAP all affected the parthenogenesis of porcine oocytes matured in vitro, but their combination of DC pulse + CB + 6-DMAP showed the best result in both of cleavage and blastocyst development. PMID: 17453653 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Animal Biotechnology) Animal Biotechnology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1584918 Mon, 01 Jan 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1584918 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1584917&cid=s_37503_70_f&fid=37503&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17612837%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Cheng L, Liao X, Yu X, Tong J Type I markers are useful for comparative mapping and other genetic analyses, but relatively difficult to develop. In the present study a microsatellite (SSR)-enriched cDNA library was constructed for the first time using the fast isolation by AFLP of sequences containing repeats (FIASCO) method in a small fish, Chinese rare minnow (Gobiocypris rarus). A total of 97.4% of the expressed sequence tags (ESTs) contained targeted CA-repeats, in which 29 unique EST-SSRs were identified. Ten out of the 28 loci for which primer pairs were designed were polymorphic with alleles ranging from three to seven (mean 4.50). Some of these EST-SSRs can be amplified in other species. These results proved that cDNA-FIASCO is an efficient way to isolate novel EST-SSR... Animal Biotechnology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1584917 Mon, 01 Jan 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1584917 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1584916&cid=s_37503_70_f&fid=37503&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17612838%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Wise TG, Schafer DJ, Lambeth LS, Tyack SG, Bruce MP, Moore RJ, Doran TJ RNA interference (RNAi) is a powerful method of sequence-specific gene knockdown that can be mediated by DNA-based expression of short hairpin RNA (shRNA) molecules. A number of vectors for expression of shRNA have been developed with promoters for a small group of RNA polymerase III (pol III) transcripts of either mouse or human origin. To advance the use of RNAi as a tool for functional genomic research and future development of specific therapeutics in the chicken species, we have developed shRNA expression vectors featuring chicken U6 small nuclear RNA (snRNA) promoters. These sequences were identified based on the presence of promoter element sequence motifs upstream of matching snRNA sequences that a... Animal Biotechnology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1584916 Mon, 01 Jan 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1584916 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1584915&cid=s_37503_70_f&fid=37503&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17612839%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Zhang YL, Ren XH, Liu SC, Dai JW, Hao LL, Jiang QY Biodegradable nanospheres or microspheres have been widely used as a sustained release system for the delivery of bioagents. In the present study, injectable sustained-release growth hormone-releasing factor (GRF) (1-32) microspheres were prepared by a double emulsion-in liquid evaporation process using biodegradable polylactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) as the carrier. The entrapment efficiency was 89.79% and the mean particle size was 4.41 mum. The microspheres were injected into mouse tibialis muscle. After 30 days, mice injected with GRF (1-32) microspheres (group I) gained significantly more weight than any other treatment group, including mice injected with the naked plasmid (group II) (10.26 +/- 0.13 vs. 9.09 +/- 0.56; P &... Animal Biotechnology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1584915 Mon, 01 Jan 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1584915 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1584914&cid=s_37503_70_f&fid=37503&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17612840%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Tantia MS, Vijh RK, Mishra B, Kumar ST The sequence of myostatin gene (growth differentiation factor 8 [GDF 8]) in Indian riverine buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) is reported. The genomic DNA as well as mRNA were sequenced. The sequence is conserved across all the livestock species. Five nonsynonymous changes as compared to cattle were found in this study and were also confirmed by mRNA sequence. Two intronic single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were identified in buffalo. PMID: 17612840 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Animal Biotechnology) Animal Biotechnology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1584914 Mon, 01 Jan 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1584914 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1584913&cid=s_37503_70_f&fid=37503&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17612841%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Hojman P, Eriksen J, Gehl J Gene transfer to skeletal muscle leads to long-term, stable expression of transferred genes. An exiting development is the use of inducible expression systems. Using the inducible Tet-On system, it has been customary to administer doxycycline in drinking water with added sucrose to ameliorate the bitter taste. During a study aiming at regulating electrotransferred genes through the Tet-On system, we observed excessive drinking behavior among mice. Removal of sugar from the drinking water led to normal drinking behavior and most importantly did not affect the level of gene expression. Based on this study, the practice of adding sucrose to drinking water in doxycycline induction studies should be abandoned. PMID: 17612841 [PubMed - indexed for MED... Animal Biotechnology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1584913 Mon, 01 Jan 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1584913 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1584912&cid=s_37503_70_f&fid=37503&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17612842%26dopt%3DAbstract This study focused on the association of polymorphisms of the FADS2 gene with fatty acid profiles in egg yolk of eight Japanese quail lines selected for high and low omega-6:omega-3 PUFA ratio (h2 = 0.36-0.38). For the identification of polymorphisms within the FADS2 gene 1350 bp of cDNA sequence were obtained encoding 404 amino acids. Five synonymous SNPs were found by comparative sequencing of animals of the high and low lines. These SNPs were genotyped by single base extension on 160 Japanese quail. The association analysis, comprising analysis of variance and family based association test (FBAT), revealed significant effects of SNP3 and SNP4 genotypes on the egg yolk fatty acid profiles, especially the omega-6 and omega-3 PUFAs (P < 0.05). No effects of the other SNPs were found - i... Animal Biotechnology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1584912 Mon, 01 Jan 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1584912 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1584911&cid=s_37503_70_f&fid=37503&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17612843%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Zhao XM, Quan GB, Zhou GB, Hou YP, Zhu SE Little is known on the cryopreservation of mouse pronuclear (PN) stage embryos. In the present experiment the mouse 2-PN stage embryos were cryopreserved by conventional freezing, straw, or open-pulled straw (OPS) vitrificaiton methods. The conventional freezing solution was 1.5 mol/L ethylene glycol (EG), and vitrification solutions were EFS30 (30% EG, Ficoll, and sucrose), EFS40 (40% EG, Ficoll, and sucrose), EDFS30 (15% EG, 15%dimethyl sulfoxide [DMSO], Ficoll, and sucrose), or EDFS40 (20% EG, 20%DMSO, Ficoll, and sucrose). The blastocyst rate of 2-PN stage embryos cryopreserved by conventional method (30.4%) was lower than those vitrified by straw method with EDFS (56.9% to 69.1%), by OPS method (66.0% to 85.7%), and that of contro... Animal Biotechnology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1584911 Mon, 01 Jan 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1584911 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1584910&cid=s_37503_70_f&fid=37503&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17612844%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Gahr SA, Rexroad CE, Rise ML, Hunt P, Koop B The pituitary plays significant roles in the regulation of physiological processes. In the current study, expressed sequence tag data was obtained for 1,920 clones from a normalized mixed-sex pituitary cDNA library. From these 3,840 sequences, a total of 524 contigs were assembled and 1,256 unique singletons identified. Assignment of functional annotation was performed through BLAST and gene ontology term assignment. Through in silico comparative mapping homologs were identified for 354 of the unigene sequences. These data provide the first functional information on many of the transcripts present in the rainbow trout pituitary. PMID: 17612844 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Animal Biotechnology) Animal Biotechnology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1584910 Mon, 01 Jan 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1584910 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1584909&cid=s_37503_70_f&fid=37503&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17934897%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, the genome-wide DNA methylation patterns of CCGG sites were detected with fluorescent-labeled methylation sensitive amplified polymorphism (F-MSAP) in three chicken strains (White Leghorn, White Plymouth Rock, and their F(1) hybrids). The average incidence of DNA methylation was approximately 29.4% in muscle, 27.2% in liver, 27.2% in heart, and 26.1% in kidney, respectively. Also, the significant differences of the DNA methylation levels were found among the different tissues (P < 0.05) or strains (P < 0.05), implying that such differences may be related to gene expression during tissue differentiation, growth, and development though the relation between methylation and gene expression is currently hard to assess. PMID: 17934897 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Sour... Animal Biotechnology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1584909 Mon, 01 Jan 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1584909 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1584908&cid=s_37503_70_f&fid=37503&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17934898%26dopt%3DAbstract This study was designed to clone the full-length cDNA of the chicken APOB gene, to characterize the expression profile, and investigate the differential expression between layer and broiler of the chicken APOB gene. The full-length cDNA sequence (14,150-bp) that contained a 13,896-bp ORF encoding 4,631 amino acids was obtained by RT-PCR, RACE, and bioinformatics analysis. qReal-Time PCR analysis showed that the chicken APOB gene was highly expressed in kidney, liver, and intestine. The results of differential expression showed that the APOB gene was more highly expressed in intestine and kidney in Bai'er layer than in broiler, but there was no significant difference in liver between the two breeds. The results of this study provided basic molecular information for studying the role of APOB... Animal Biotechnology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1584908 Mon, 01 Jan 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1584908 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1584907&cid=s_37503_70_f&fid=37503&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17934899%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: van Wijk HJ, Harlizius B, Liefers SC, Buschbell H, Dibbits B, Groenen MA Marker density of a QTL region on pig chromosome 4 was increased. New microsatellites were identified by in silico mining of BAC-end and genomic shotgun sequences. Among 8,784 BAC-end sequences predicted within the region, 148 microsatellites were identified. In addition, 27,450 CA/TG repeats were identified within the genomic shotgun sequences, of which 157 were most likely located on SSC4q. A selection of 61 new microsatellites was mapped, together with previously mapped markers. The results showed that the human-pig comparative map in combination with BAC-end and genomic sequence resources provides an excellent source for a highly efficient and targeted development of markers. PMID: 17934899 [PubMe... Animal Biotechnology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1584907 Mon, 01 Jan 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1584907 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1584906&cid=s_37503_70_f&fid=37503&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17934900%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Chu MX, Jiao CL, He YQ, Wang JY, Liu ZH, Chen GH The Jining Grey is a prolific local goat breed in P.R. China. Bone morphogenetic protein 15 (BMP15) gene that controls high fecundity of Inverdale, Hanna, Lacaune, Belclare, Cambridge, and Small Tailed Han ewes was studied as a candidate gene for the prolificacy of Jining Grey goats. According to the sequence of ovine BMP15 gene, six pairs of primers were designed to detect single nucleotide polymorphisms in exon 1 and exon 2 of the BMP15 gene in both high fecundity breed (Jining Grey goats) and low fecundity breeds (Boer, Liaoning Cashmere, and Inner Mongolia Cashmere goats) by single strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP). Two pairs of primers (F1/R1 and F2/R2) were used to amplify the exon 1. Four pairs of primers (F3/R3, F4... Animal Biotechnology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1584906 Mon, 01 Jan 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1584906 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1584905&cid=s_37503_70_f&fid=37503&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17934901%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Yu SL, Chung HJ, Sang BC, Park CS, Lee JH, Yoon DH, Lee SH, Choi KD The 788-gene microarray was manufactured using selected elements from three different cDNA libraries in order to identify molecular processes that determine phenotypic characteristics between loin (M. longissimus thoracis) and round (M. semimembranosus) muscles. Microarray analyses identified 24 differentially expressed genes between the two muscles investigated. Five of the genes were verified by quantitative RT-PCR and three of them were mapped on bovine chromosomes using 5,000 rad bovine radiation hybrid (RH) panel. The map locations indicated that they were mapped in the same chromosomal regions where IMF and growth QTLs were located, suggesting that they are most possible positional candidate genes for th... Animal Biotechnology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1584905 Mon, 01 Jan 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1584905 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1584904&cid=s_37503_70_f&fid=37503&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17934902%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Yamada T, Taniguchi Y, Sasaki Y, Muramatsu Y, Konfortov BA, Yasue H Eight expressed sequence tags for unknown novel genes showing early embryonic death-associated changes of expression patterns in the fetal placenta of the cow carrying somatic nuclear-derived cloned embryo were assigned to bovine chromosomes using deoxyribonucleic acids (DNAs) of bovine/murine somatic cell hybrid panel. PMID: 17934902 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Animal Biotechnology) Animal Biotechnology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1584904 Mon, 01 Jan 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1584904 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1584903&cid=s_37503_70_f&fid=37503&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17934903%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Mausberg EM, Drögemüller C, Leeb T, Dolf G, Rüfenacht S, Welle M Alopecia X is a noninflammatory, progressive, bilateral symmetric alopecia in dogs. The disease is mainly found in Nordic breeds. The breed predisposition and a strong familial accumulation suggest a hereditary background. We analyzed the cathepsin L2 gene (CTSL2) as a candidate for alopecia X. The comparative sequencing of 14 affected and 18 control animals revealed ten polymorphisms; however, none of these polymorphisms affected the coding sequence. Haplotype analysis did not reveal an association of one particular CTSL2 haplotype with the disease phenotype; therefore, we conclude that the CTSL2 gene is probably not the causative gene for alopecia X. PMID: 17934903 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLI... Animal Biotechnology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1584903 Mon, 01 Jan 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1584903 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1584902&cid=s_37503_70_f&fid=37503&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17934904%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Vestrheim O, Lundin M, Syed M The major histocompatibility complex class II (MHCII) genes are only constitutively expressed in certain immune response cells such as B cells, macrophages, dendritic cells and other antigen presenting cells. This cell specific expression pattern and the presence of conserved regions such as the X-, X2-, Y-, and W-boxes make the MHCII promoters especially interesting as vector constructs. We tested whether the Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) MHCII promoters can function in cell lines from other organisms. We found that the salmon MHCII alpha and MHCII beta promoters could drive expression of a LacZ reporter gene in adherent lymphoblast cell lines from dog (DH82) and rabbit (HybL-L). This paper shows that the promoters of Atlantic salmon MHCII alp... Animal Biotechnology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1584902 Mon, 01 Jan 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1584902 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1584955&cid=s_37503_70_f&fid=37503&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D16621755%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Kamiński S, Brym P, Ruść A, Wójcik E, Ahman A, Mägi R An oligonucleotide microarray-which allows for parallel genotyping of many SNPs in genes involved in cow milk protein biosynthesis-was used to identify which of the 16 candidate SNPs are associated with milk performance traits in Holstein cows. Four hundred cows were genotyped by the developed and validated microarray. Significant associations were found between four single SNPs, namely DGAT1 (acyloCoA:diacylglycerol acyltransferase), LTF (lactoferrin), CSN3 (kappa-casein), and GHR (growth hormone receptor) and with fat and protein yield and percentage. Many significant associations between combined genotypes (two SNPs) and milk performance traits were found. The associations between the combined... Animal Biotechnology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1584955 Sun, 01 Jan 2006 05:00:00 +0100 1584955 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1584954&cid=s_37503_70_f&fid=37503&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D16621756%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Zhao C, Liu Z, Fan B, Dai Y, Wang L, Zheng M, Wang M, Niu H, Xi F, Li N, Zhang D Differential glycosylation of natural hLf and rhLf from hLf-transgenic mice, which harbored a 146 Kb BAC insert that includes the intact hLf gene sequence, was studied in the present report. There were significant differences between the immunoblotting results of rhLf and natural hLf, which were denatured with nonreducing SDS sample buffer. The differences disappeared after rhLf and natural hLf samples were digested with N-glycosidase F, respectively. The results showed that there were significant differences (P<0.01) between the glycosylation of natural hLf and rhLf that were purified, respectively, from milk samples of seven hLf-transgenic mouse lines. PMID: 16621756 [PubMed - indexed for... Animal Biotechnology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1584954 Sun, 01 Jan 2006 05:00:00 +0100 1584954 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1584953&cid=s_37503_70_f&fid=37503&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D16621757%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Neill JD, Ridpath JF, Liebler-Tenorio E The Peyer's patches of the small intestine are important sites of antigen processing. The follicles of the Peyer's patches receive the antigen transported by the M cells at the mucosal surface and then play a major role in development of both protective humoral and mucosal immune responses. Serial analysis of gene expression (SAGE) was employed to derive the global gene expression profile of B lymphocytes isolated from the IPPF. Analysis of the SAGE data revealed the identity of genes and the level to which they are expressed by IPPF B lymphocytes. This analysis indicated that they were metabolically active and that the transcripts encoding proteins necessary for a response to antigen presentation were expressed. These transcripts includ... Animal Biotechnology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1584953 Sun, 01 Jan 2006 05:00:00 +0100 1584953 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1584952&cid=s_37503_70_f&fid=37503&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D16621758%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, SNPs were found in abundance throughout this regulatory region. Whether or not these polymorphisms have an effect on the regulation of the bovine lactoferrin gene is yet to be elucidated. However, the identification of lactoferrin promoter variants may serve as a marker for healthier animals, thereby accelerating the improvement of animals through breeding. PMID: 16621758 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Animal Biotechnology) Animal Biotechnology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1584952 Sun, 01 Jan 2006 05:00:00 +0100 1584952 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1584951&cid=s_37503_70_f&fid=37503&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D16621759%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Kwak S, Jung JE, Jin X, Kim SM, Kim TK, Lee JS, Lee SY, Pian X, You S, Kim H, Choi YJ Using normal swine kidney epithelial (SKE) cells that were shown to be senescent at passages 12 to 14, we have established one lifespan-extended cell line and two lifespan-extended cell lines by exogenous introduction of the human catalytic subunit of telomerase (hTERT) and simian virus 40 large T-antigen (SV40LT), all of which maintain epithelial morphology and express cytokeratin, a marker of epithelial cells. SV40LT- and hTERT-transduced immortal cell lines appeared to be smaller and exhibited more uniform morphology relative to primary and spontaneously immortalized SKE cells. We determined the in vitro lifespan of primary SKE cells using a standard 3T6 protocol. There were two steps of t... Animal Biotechnology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1584951 Sun, 01 Jan 2006 05:00:00 +0100 1584951