MedWorm.com provides a medical RSS filtering service. Over 6000 RSS medical sources are combined and output via different filters. This feed contains the latest items from the 'Annals of Anatomy' source. Fri, 19 Mar 2010 17:59:43 +0100 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3322772&cid=s_36924_170_f&fid=36924&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20189785%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Ay H, Ulupınar E, Unal N Viscerocranial anomalies are induced in the presence of various teratogens. Vitamin A-induced cleft palate formation is one of the most frequently used experimental models in these studies. However, the underlying mechanisms are not yet fully understood. Several studies have shown that exogenous vitamin A disrupts the fusion of the palatal shelves by increasing the expression of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). More recently, pyridoxine (vitamin B6) has been reported to have a potentially protective effect in regard to viscerocranial malformations. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to investigate whether pyridoxine has a preventive effect on retinyl palmitate-induced viscerocranial anomalies. The frequency of gross malformations induced ... Annals of Anatomy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3322772 Sat, 20 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3322772 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3322773&cid=s_36924_170_f&fid=36924&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20188530%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSIONS: The majority of motives for body donation stem from the wish to be useful after death. However, the present survey suggests that body donation is more than an altruistic act; people are also motivated by personal benefit. Results of our survey contradict the notion that body donation stems from loneliness. Many donors have a supportive social network and meaningful social relationships. People moreover propagate body donation within their social networks. PMID: 20188530 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Annals of Anatomy) Annals of Anatomy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3322773 Wed, 17 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3322773 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3270047&cid=s_36924_170_f&fid=36924&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20149607%26dopt%3DAbstract This study indicates prominent type I collagen expression at day 10 postpartum in the mandibular ramus and at day 21 in the alveolar process. These findings correspond well with previously obtained data from proliferation studies in facial bone suggesting that craniofacial growth in the rat occurs mainly between days 10 and 21. PMID: 20149607 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Annals of Anatomy) Annals of Anatomy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3270047 Mon, 01 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3270047 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3270046&cid=s_36924_170_f&fid=36924&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20149608%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Kubíček L, Kopáčik R, Klusáková I, Dubový P An alteration in the structural arrangement of blood vessels identified by RECA immunohistochemistry was studied in a rat L4 dorsal root ganglia (L4-DRG) neuropathic pain model. We compared a three-dimensional (3-D) reconstruction of the vascular architecture surrounding bodies of the primary sensory neurons in the L4-DRG of naïve rats with that of rats that had surgically undergone unilateral sciatic nerve ligature. Rhodamine-conjugated dextran (Fluoro-Ruby) was used for retrograde labelling of neurons, the axons of which had been injured by nerve ligature. In contrast to DRG from naïve rats and contralateral DRG from operated rats, an increased proportion of RECA+ vascular area and the... Annals of Anatomy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3270046 Mon, 01 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3270046 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3270048&cid=s_36924_170_f&fid=36924&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20149606%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Mobasheri A, Moskaluk CA, Marples D, Shakibaei M Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disorder characterized by synovial proliferation (synovitis), articular cartilage and subchondral bone degradation as well as joint swelling. Joint swelling and edema often accompany pannus formation and chronic joint inflammation in RA. We have recently shown that human chondrocytes and synoviocytes express aquaporin 1 (AQP1) water channels and that AQP1 is upregulated in RA cartilage. Clinical evidence suggests that joint swelling and edema accompany the chronic inflammation observed in synovial joints of RA patients. Therefore we hypothesized that AQP1 water channels may be involved in joint swelling and synovial edema formation. To test this hypothesis, we performed immunostaining o... Annals of Anatomy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3270048 Mon, 25 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3270048 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3270045&cid=s_36924_170_f&fid=36924&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20149609%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Steding G, Jian Y Based on scanning electron microscopic dissections of human embryos and fetuses of the sixth to the twelfth week (Carnegie stages 16-23 and early fetus), the origin of the nasal septum was studied. The findings show that the nasal septum does not grow downwards. It is derived from the tissue between the primary choanae: as such, its anlage is present from the very beginning. Its contact and fusion with the palatal shelves is made possible by the elevation of the palatal shelves from the vertical into the horizontal position, as the tongue descends. PMID: 20149609 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Annals of Anatomy) Annals of Anatomy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3270045 Mon, 25 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3270045 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3255427&cid=s_36924_170_f&fid=36924&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20138488%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSIONS: The amount of adipose tissue in LACN non-fascicular area was found to be high at all ages. The presence of less adipose tissue and collagen fibers in the non-fascicular area of the AMACN (below 60 years) could be used for successful nerve grafting when compared to LACN. PMID: 20138488 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Annals of Anatomy) Annals of Anatomy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3255427 Mon, 25 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3255427 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3255426&cid=s_36924_170_f&fid=36924&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20138489%26dopt%3DAbstract This study analyses the severity and distribution of mineralization defects in the dentin of red and roe deer teeth (mandibular fourth premolars, first and third molars) obtained from individuals that had lived in a fluoride-polluted area along the Czech-German border. Mineralization defects presented as hypomineralized or interglobular dentin. In the P(4)s and M(3)s the entire dentin exhibited areas of defective mineralization, whereas in the M(1)s only the central and inner dentin portions were affected. This suggests that the early periods of dentin formation in the first molar, occurring during the late fetal and early postnatal (milk-feeding) periods of life, are protected against exposure to excess fluoride levels. Our findings are consistent with the hypothesis that certain protecti... Annals of Anatomy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3255426 Mon, 25 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3255426 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3037149&cid=s_36924_170_f&fid=36924&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19942420%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Meyer W, Kacza J, Schnapper A, Verspohl J, Hornickel I, Seeger J Based on cryo-SEM, standard and high resolution TEM, glycoconjugate histochemistry, and microbiological differentiation, the present study demonstrates the colonisation of the epithelium of the equine oesophagus with microorganisms. As particularly apparent using cryo-SEM to illustrate natural conditions, the present microbiota were clearly dominated by bacteria, forming a one-layer system, as attached to and embedded in concentrated mannose/mannan substances covering the outer stratum corneal cells. Bacterial numbers ranged from 5600 to 7200permm(2) in the central part of the oesophagus, the number of fungi was less than 1% of the amount of bacteria. The compact stratum corneal cells showed numerous short protru... Annals of Anatomy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3037149 Fri, 06 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3037149 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3034157&cid=s_36924_170_f&fid=36924&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19939656%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Rusu MC, Pop F Generally, sympathetic distribution in the pterygopalatine fossa (PPF) is considered to be via the pterygopalatine ganglion (PPG) sympathetic root and branches. We hypothesized that there may be a dual sympathetic path within the PPF, through the vidian nerve and the PPG and through the periarterial plexuses. We dissected 10 human adult cadavers, fixed and unfixed; we applied antibodies for tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) to 5 human adult samples of PPF contents dissected from cadavers at autopsy. We identified TH(+) nerves and fibers distributed through the neuronal clusters of the PPG and also bundles extrinsic to these clusters, distributed along the maxillary artery. Also, TH(+) reactions were identified at the level of the neuronal capsules of the PPG. All the ar... Annals of Anatomy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3034157 Thu, 05 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3034157 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3003862&cid=s_36924_170_f&fid=36924&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19914813%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Castelo PM, Pereira LJ, Bonjardim LR, Gavião MB The study of stomatognathic system development can provide useful data for recognition of deviations from normality. Thus, a longitudinal examination of 14 children with normal occlusion from primary (stage I, mean age 59.21+/-8.40 months) to early mixed dentition (stage II, 77.57+/-5.92) was performed. Bite force was measured with a pressurized tube and correlated with ultrasonographic masseter and anterior portion of temporalis muscle thicknesses (at rest and maximal intercuspation), facial dimensions, age, and body mass index (BMI). Facial dimensions were assessed by standardized frontal photographs as follows: anterior facial height (AFH), lower face height (LFH), and bizygomatic width (BFW). Children with malocclusion, ... Annals of Anatomy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3003862 Wed, 04 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3003862 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2963436&cid=s_36924_170_f&fid=36924&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19883997%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Rea PM, McGarry G, Shaw-Dunn J In addition to using intra-operative facial nerve monitoring in helping to locate the position of the facial nerve in anterograde parotidectomy, numerous soft tissue and bony landmarks have been proposed to assist the surgeon in the early identification of this nerve. There is still dispute within the literature as to the most effective method, if any, of locating the nerve. The purpose of this study was to measure the distance (in twenty-six embalmed cadavers) from four of the most commonly used surgical landmarks to the main trunk of the facial nerve-the posterior belly of digastric muscle (PBDM), the tragal pointer (TP), the junction between the bony and cartilaginous ear canal (EAM) and the tympanomastoid suture (TMS). The main trunk of the f... Annals of Anatomy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2963436 Sat, 31 Oct 2009 00:00:00 +0100 2963436 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2955139&cid=s_36924_170_f&fid=36924&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19880298%26dopt%3DAbstract This study showed that vasoconstriction of the femoral artery in WKY rats was stronger than that of SHR rats. This may be a pathomechanical factor in femoral head necrosis of WKY rats. PMID: 19880298 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Annals of Anatomy) Annals of Anatomy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2955139 Fri, 30 Oct 2009 00:00:00 +0100 2955139 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2955140&cid=s_36924_170_f&fid=36924&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19879113%26dopt%3DAbstract This study reveals, in human tissues, the specific expression of FXYD proteins, which may associate with Na, K-ATPase in selected cell types and modulate its catalytic properties. PMID: 19879113 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Annals of Anatomy) Annals of Anatomy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2955140 Wed, 07 Oct 2009 00:00:00 +0100 2955140 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2955138&cid=s_36924_170_f&fid=36924&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19880299%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSIONS: The present study provides the first method to reliably model the number of incoming deceased donors of a body donation program for 5 years based on actuarial predictions, and to orchestrate these numbers by partial donor registration stops. PMID: 19880299 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Annals of Anatomy) Annals of Anatomy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2955138 Wed, 07 Oct 2009 00:00:00 +0100 2955138 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2866162&cid=s_36924_170_f&fid=36924&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19800774%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Topol M, Masłoń A Interest in the role of the pulmonary lymphatic system in the pathophysiology of pulmonary and systemic diseases induced us to carry out anatomical research on the lung lymphatic system in the Polish population. The aim of the study was to evaluate whether lymphatic vessels respect bronchopulmonary segment borders and to determine how often lymphatic vessels run to nodes of another lymphatic region. A block of organs comprising the lungs with the trachea, larynx and tongue, the heart and esophagus was removed from the cadavers at autopsy. The research involved 96 lungs (48 left and 48 right), which were taken from 31 male and 17 female cadavers. The lymphatic vessels were visualized at the mediastinal and interlobar surface of the lung by visual i... Annals of Anatomy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2866162 Thu, 10 Sep 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2866162 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2839665&cid=s_36924_170_f&fid=36924&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19783417%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: von Bohlen Und Halbach O Most excitatory input in the hippocampus impinges on dendritic spines. Therefore, the dendritic spines are likely to be of major importance for neural processing. The morphology of dendritic spines is very diverse and changes in spine size as well as in their density are thought to reflect changes in the strength of synaptic transmission. Thus, alterations in dendritic spine densities or shape are suspected to be morphological manifestations of psychopathological, pathophysiological, physiological and/or behavioural changes. However, in spite of a long history of research, the specific function of dendritic spines within the hippocampal formation is still not well understood. This review will shed light on the hippocampal dendritic spines, their ultras... Annals of Anatomy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2839665 Sat, 05 Sep 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2839665 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2832567&cid=s_36924_170_f&fid=36924&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19773150%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSIONS: Due to the small number of cases, the mechanisms and preconditions of osseous metaplasia of the lens are not understood in detail, but injury to the lens capsule and availability of blood supply are being discussed. Both were present in this case, in which the luxated lens ended up in the ciliary body region. The mechanism resembled enchondral ossification rather than intramembranous ossification, which is seen in osseous metaplasia of other intraocular structures. PMID: 19773150 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Annals of Anatomy) Annals of Anatomy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2832567 Thu, 03 Sep 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2832567 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2824922&cid=s_36924_170_f&fid=36924&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19766471%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Nag TC, Wadhwa S Retinal photoreceptor and bipolar cell axon terminals possess synaptic ribbons (SR) that aid in the trafficking of synaptic vesicles at active zones. In rodents, besides SR, a number of other synaptic elements [e.g., synaptic spheres (SS)] are known to appear when exposed to altered ambient illumination. Here, we report changes of ribbon shape in photoreceptor and bipolar cell axon terminals in retinas of two persons at autopsy who suffered from brain hemorrhage. In both subjects, retinal hemorrhage was present in the outer and inner nuclear layers. SR were bent or swollen and transformed into SS. A count revealed that about 54-60% of the photoreceptor axon terminals over the nasal to temporal retina possessed SS. They were associated with synaptic triads or r... Annals of Anatomy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2824922 Thu, 03 Sep 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2824922 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2824923&cid=s_36924_170_f&fid=36924&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19765961%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Albrecht M Human testicular peritubular cells are myofibroblast-like cells that surround the seminiferous tubules and are responsible for tubular contractility and sperm transport. In the last few years, several reports have augmented this simplified view, showing that peritubular cells are not only structural cells but also actively secrete paracrine mediators, thereby influencing the homeostasis of the testicular environment. This review is focussed on general aspects and functions of testicular peritubular cells, their potential role in male infertility and also on the recently described in vitro culture systems of human testicular peritubular cells, which will enable us to gain deeper insight into the regulation and functions of this peculiar cell type in health and diseas... Annals of Anatomy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2824923 Thu, 27 Aug 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2824923 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2775430&cid=s_36924_170_f&fid=36924&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19734029%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Szaro P, Witkowski G, Smigielski R, Krajewski P, Ciszek B The Achilles or calcaneal tendon is the structural base for the biomechanical work of the ankle joint. The purpose of this study is to describe the internal structure of the human Achilles tendon. The anatomy of the Achilles tendon has been described in lower mammals in which it has three parts which can be dissected from its beginning to the insertion onto the calcaneus. The partial ruptures of each part suggest that the human Achilles tendon may also be composed of parts. The Achilles tendon is one of the most commonly torn tendons in the human body. Each segment of the Achilles tendon described by us can be ruptured separately, which can cause a partial dysfunction in flexion of the ankle joint as observed in clinica... Annals of Anatomy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2775430 Wed, 19 Aug 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2775430 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2752695&cid=s_36924_170_f&fid=36924&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19716687%26dopt%3DAbstract This study concludes that the epithelial-mesenchymal transformation does not occur in Hertwig's epithelial root sheath in rat acellular or cellular cementogenesis and that the dental follicle is the origin of cementoblasts, as has been proposed in the original hypothesis. PMID: 19716687 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Annals of Anatomy) Annals of Anatomy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2752695 Wed, 12 Aug 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2752695 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2692274&cid=s_36924_170_f&fid=36924&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19664913%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Schneider T, Cremer D, Becker C, Hansen ES, Bünger C, Drescher W An episode of ischemia followed by reperfusion of the femoral head (FH) is thought to be a common pathway in the pathogenesis of femoral head necrosis (FHN). Femoral head histology was investigated after short-term high-dose steroid treatment and femoral head ischemia and reperfusion in a large animal model. Twenty-two pigs were randomized to receive methylprednisolone 20mg/day/kg bodyweight intamuscularly for 3 days followed by methylprednisolone 10mg/day/kg bodyweight for 11 days (n=11), whereas the control group (n=11) received no treatment. After 6h of unilateral hip-joint pressure increase to 250mmHg, the pressure was discontinued and reperfusion was allowed for 4h. Undecalcified histology was performed... Annals of Anatomy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2692274 Fri, 24 Jul 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2692274 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2630427&cid=s_36924_170_f&fid=36924&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19619994%26dopt%3DAbstract This study was aimed to elucidate the relation between the papillar morphology and its putative functions. The GG was obtained from adult bovine stomachs (n=10) and subdivided into (1) proximal, (2) middle, (3) distal portion of the reticular groove (RG) and (4) the area of the reticulo-omasal sphincter (ROS). The specimens were processed for scanning electron microscopy and stereomicroscopy to analyze the density, shape and location of the papillae. Whereas the proximal portion of the RG was characterized by small (1.5mm), conically shaped, smooth papillae, the middle portion exhibited larger papillae (4mm) with sharp borders covered by keratin. Towards the ROS the papillae further increased in size (3-11mm) and showed compound or single processes resembling the shape of arrows, twisted h... Annals of Anatomy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2630427 Fri, 03 Jul 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2630427 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2622332&cid=s_36924_170_f&fid=36924&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19615873%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Tonack S, Ramin N, Garimella S, Rao R, Seshagiri PB, Fischer B, Navarrete Santos A During preimplantation development, embryos of many species are known to express up to five isoforms of the facilitative glucose transporter proteins (GLUT). Development of hamster blastocysts is inhibited by glucose. We therefore investigated GLUT isoform and insulin receptor (IR) expression in hamster preimplantation embryos cultured in glucose-free medium from the 8-cell stage onwards. We show that GLUT1, 3 and 8 mRNA are constitutively expressed from the 8-cell to the blastocyst stage. The IR is expressed from the morula stage onwards. Messenger RNA of the insulin-responsive GLUT4 was not detected at any stage. GLUT1 and 3 were localised by immunocytochemistry. GLUT1 was expressed in both em... Annals of Anatomy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2622332 Thu, 25 Jun 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2622332 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2557028&cid=s_36924_170_f&fid=36924&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19560325%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSION: There is an increase in total nerve cross-sectional area of the radial nerve in elderly cases. There is no relationship of sympathetic content to age. Our study makes an attempt to build a normal data base for radial nerve which might be helpful during the application of diagnostic procedures. PMID: 19560325 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Annals of Anatomy) Annals of Anatomy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2557028 Fri, 12 Jun 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2557028 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2557029&cid=s_36924_170_f&fid=36924&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19559584%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Koning RI, Koster AJ During the last six decades electron microscopy (EM) has been essential to ultra-structural studies of the cell to understand the fundamentals of cellular morphology and processes underlying diseases. More recently, electron tomography (ET) has emerged as a novel approach able to provide three-dimensional (3D) information on cells and tissues at molecular level. Electron tomography is comparable to medical tomographic techniques like CAT, PET and MRI in the sense that it provides a 3D view of an object, yet it does so at a cellular scale and with nanometer resolution. Electron tomography has the unique ability to visualize molecular assemblies, cytoskeletal elements and organelles within cells. The three-dimensional perspective it provides has revised our ... Annals of Anatomy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2557029 Mon, 08 Jun 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2557029 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2526090&cid=s_36924_170_f&fid=36924&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19541466%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates the necessity of approaching the investigation of patient microcirculation in different ways depending on sex or age. PMID: 19541466 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Annals of Anatomy) Annals of Anatomy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2526090 Mon, 08 Jun 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2526090 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2526094&cid=s_36924_170_f&fid=36924&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19540742%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Chen H, Yano R, Emura S, Shoumura S Based on a large homogeneous sample from a Japanese population, anatomic variations in the celiac trunk (CT) and the hepatic artery were studied. Previously we analyzed the branching mode of the CT in 450 Japanese cadavers. In order to maximize the database on the CT and hepatic artery, we examined the anatomy of these arteries in 524 cadavers, a total of 974 cases. A total of 89.8% of cases showed the classical trifurcation of the CT. The typical normal pattern of the CT and the hepatic artery was confirmed in 66.6% and 72.4% of the cadavers, respectively. Variant left and right hepatic arteries were observed in 11.0% and 4.9%, respectively. A variant anatomy involving both the left and right hepatic arteries was found in 1.5%. A common hep... Annals of Anatomy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2526094 Fri, 05 Jun 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2526094 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2526092&cid=s_36924_170_f&fid=36924&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19541465%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Schulze-Tanzil G Cartilage injury remains a major challenge in orthopedic surgery due to the fact that articular cartilage has only a limited capacity for intrinsic healing. Cartilage impaction is followed by a post-traumatic inflammatory response. Chondrocytes and synoviocytes are activated to produce inflammatory mediators and degradative enzymes which can induce a progradient cartilage self-destruction finally leading to secondary osteoarthritis (OA). However, an anti-inflammatory compensatory response is also detectable in cartilage by up-regulation of anti-inflammatory cytokines, probably a temporary attempt by chondrocytes to restore cartilage homeostasis. Matrix-assisted autologous chondrocyte transplantation (MACT) is a suitable technique for improving the rate of repa... Annals of Anatomy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2526092 Fri, 05 Jun 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2526092 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2526114&cid=s_36924_170_f&fid=36924&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19345566%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Lee IS, Lee EJ, Park JB, Baek SH, Oh CS, Lee SD, Kim YS, Bok GD, Hong JW, Lim DS, Shin MH, Seo M, Shin DH Recently, we examined one of the most perfectly preserved mummies of the Joseon Dynasty (1392-1910) ever found in Korea. The individual was an elderly man and a high-ranking general who had lived sometime during the 16th or 17th century in Korea. When computerized tomography (CT) radiographs were taken, a fracture line was observed on the left side of the mandible. A post-factum dissection also provided crucial clues to the cause of death. First of all, blood clots were still evident at the fracture site, indicating that the mandibular fracture had occurred just before death. Second, we also found feces exclusively in the sigmoid colon or rectum, but not in the stomach, sm... Annals of Anatomy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2526114 Sun, 31 May 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2526114 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2526112&cid=s_36924_170_f&fid=36924&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19403284%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Klusáková I, Dubový P Peripheral neuropathic pain (PNP) frequently occurs as a consequence of nerve injury and may differ depending upon the type of insult and the individual patient. Progress in our knowledge of PNP induction mechanisms depends upon the utilization of appropriate experimental models in rodents based on various types of peripheral nerve lesions. In this review, we draw attention to current knowledge on basic cellular and molecular events in various experimental models used to induce the PNP symptoms. Spontaneous ectopic activity of axotomized and non-axotomized primary sensory neurons, the bodies of which are located in the dorsal root ganglion (DRG), seems to be a key mechanism of PNP induction. The primary sensory neurons are directly affected... Annals of Anatomy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2526112 Sun, 31 May 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2526112 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2526110&cid=s_36924_170_f&fid=36924&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19406628%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Sharma S, Ray B, Bhardwaj D, Dwivedi AK, Roy TS The oculomotor nerve (ON) provides motor innervation to the eyeball and exhibits alterations in various physiological and pathological conditions, which may result in abnormal ocular movement. Although the nerve has been studied in detail, very few data are available regarding its morphology and changes with aging. Hence, in the present investigation, the neural and connective tissue organizations of the pre-cavernous part of the ON were studied in order to provide sequential data regarding age-related morphological changes. Thirty-eight ON from cadavers aged from 40 post-natal days to 78 years were studied. Cross-sections of the nerve revealed a poorly defined multifascicular arrangement with predominant myelinated fibres of var... Annals of Anatomy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2526110 Sun, 31 May 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2526110 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2526104&cid=s_36924_170_f&fid=36924&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19450956%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Hasselbach H, Thale A, Bunse A, Paulsen F, Roider J Radial optic neurotomy (RON) has been proposed for alleviation of the "scleral outlet compartment syndrome" at the level of the lamina cribrosa, which is thought to play a pathoetiologic role in central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO). The aim of this study has been to analyze the ultrastructural alterations of the lamina cribrosa after RON to gain new insights in the underlying pathomechanical factors. Fifteen donor eyes underwent a standardized open-sky-vitrectomy and RON after removal of the anterior eye segment for keratoplasty. Using a microvitreoretinal blade, a radial incision was performed on the nasal hemisphere of the optic nerve head radial to the optic disc and parallel to the nerve fibre layer. The lamina cribrosa ... Annals of Anatomy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2526104 Sun, 31 May 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2526104 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2526096&cid=s_36924_170_f&fid=36924&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19481914%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Sinis N, Horn F, Genchev B, Skouras E, Merkel D, Angelova SK, Kaidoglou K, Michael J, Pavlov S, Igelmund P, Schaller HE, Irintchev A, Dunlop SA, Angelov DN The outcome of peripheral nerve injuries requiring surgical repair is poor. Recent work has suggested that electrical stimulation (ES) of denervated muscles could be beneficial. Here we tested whether ES has a positive influence on functional recovery after injury and surgical repair of the facial nerve. Outcomes at 2 months were compared to animals receiving sham stimulation (SS). Starting on the first day after end-to-end suture (facial-facial anastomosis), electrical stimulation (square 0.1ms pulses at 5Hz at an ex tempore established threshold amplitude of between 3.0 and 5.0V) was delivered to the vibrissal muscles for... Annals of Anatomy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2526096 Tue, 12 May 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2526096 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2526102&cid=s_36924_170_f&fid=36924&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19457648%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Hammer N, Steinke H, Slowik V, Josten C, Stadler J, Böhme J, Spanel-Borowski K Little is known about the morphometric properties of the sacrotuberous ligament (ST) and the sacrospinous ligament (SS). The influence of ligaments on pelvic stability and the extent of reconstruction in case of instability are controversially discussed. The ST and the SS of 55 human subjects fixed in alcohol solution and of four fresh cadavers were measured. Both ligaments were defined as geometric figures. The ST was a contorted bifrustum, while the SS was a contorted frustum, both with elliptic planes. In all cases investigated, the ST and the SS fibres were twisted. For men, the ST and the SS had a mean length of 64 and 38mm. For women, lengths of 70 and 46mm were measured in the ST and the... Annals of Anatomy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2526102 Sat, 02 May 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2526102 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2526100&cid=s_36924_170_f&fid=36924&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19457649%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusions. The present study provides a map of safe areas for the application of micro-screws in beagles. PMID: 19457649 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Annals of Anatomy) Annals of Anatomy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2526100 Sat, 02 May 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2526100 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2526098&cid=s_36924_170_f&fid=36924&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19464859%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Adamczyk C, Holzer M, Putz R, Fischer MR How do students use multimedia tools to support their learning during a gross anatomy dissection course? We investigated this question in the anatomic dissection course for first year medical students at the University of Munich (n=850) by giving all participating students access to an anatomical multimedia CD-ROM. The use of this multimedia learning tool was voluntary and it was not essential for the end-of-course examination. After the examination, two questionnaires (return rate first questionnaire n(1)=347, approximately 41%; return rate second questionnaire n(2)=644, approximately 76%) were given to the surveyed students with the following content: evaluation of the multimedia learning tool, details about the usage of different kin... Annals of Anatomy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2526098 Sat, 02 May 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2526098 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2526106&cid=s_36924_170_f&fid=36924&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19447592%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSIONS: These studies were designed to test a model in which osteoclasts could be formed from HA-activated monocytes via positive feedback elicited by RANKL, allowing for identification of innovative targets for therapeutic approaches. PMID: 19447592 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Annals of Anatomy) Annals of Anatomy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2526106 Thu, 23 Apr 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2526106 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2300989&cid=s_36924_170_f&fid=36924&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19339166%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Tonar Z, Janáček J, Nedorost L, Grill R, Báča V, Záťura F Although kidney trauma is a relatively common injury, its microscopic biomechanics are poorly understood. Experimental low-grade trauma in pig kidneys was studied using optical microscopy. We observed ruptures in the cortex as well as in the medulla. Both parts of the renal parenchyma were damaged, even in areas of the kidneys that were free of macroscopic cracks on the surface. To determine which constituents of the renal cortex and medulla, i.e. tubular parts of the nephron or the interstitial connective tissue, were less resistant to injury during the drop shatter test, we applied a simple stereological method to discriminate between random and tissue-specific rupture propagation. The... Annals of Anatomy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2300989 Wed, 11 Mar 2009 04:00:00 +0100 2300989 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2300991&cid=s_36924_170_f&fid=36924&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19303269%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Meng FW, Hu KJ, Kong L, Zhao YT, Liu YP, Zhou SX The incidence of diacapsular fracture of the mandibular condyle (DFMC) has increased in recent years. However, the specific modality of treatment which would provide maximum benefit and good results for adult patients of DFMC has been controversial. To evaluate and compare morphological changes of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) after open and closed treatments for DFMC, a sheep model of a type B DFMC was created by osteotomy. Eight sheep models of type B DFMC were randomly divided into 2 groups to receive closed treatment (Group 1) and open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF, Group 2), respectively, and morphological changes of TMJ were scored according to the radiological and anatomical criteria of scoring and compared betwee... Annals of Anatomy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2300991 Thu, 12 Feb 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2300991 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2275177&cid=s_36924_170_f&fid=36924&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19285847%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Hardy PA, Zacharias H Histology is a child of the 19th century, and its status in medicine was long in doubt. Was "microscopic anatomy" to be viewed as a refinement of the traditional discipline or as a technically complex subject of doubtful practical value? This was one of the questions that faced the commission charged with reforming examinations in German medical schools in 1878. One of its members, Carl Friedrich Flemming [1799-1880], was able to refer this matter to an acknowledged expert, his son Walther Flemming, who was Professor of Anatomy and Histology at the University of Kiel. Walther's views are contained in a letter that was recently discovered among Carl Friedrich's papers held in the State Library of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern in Schwerin. To the best of our knowl... Annals of Anatomy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2275177 Thu, 12 Feb 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2275177 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2261178&cid=s_36924_170_f&fid=36924&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19269145%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, the cerebral and cerebellar to TBV volume fractions can be important tools in determining brain atrophy and can be estimated by the stereological method. PMID: 19269145 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Annals of Anatomy) Annals of Anatomy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2261178 Thu, 12 Feb 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2261178 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2261174&cid=s_36924_170_f&fid=36924&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19282162%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSIONS: The evaluation of the Michigan splint therapy showed that it has no influence in the repositioning of the DD joints without reduction, but the DD joints with reduction have a limited positive effect. In both forms of these displacements, conditions for the elimination of the clinical symptoms are created. PMID: 19282162 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Annals of Anatomy) Annals of Anatomy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2261174 Thu, 12 Feb 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2261174 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2261176&cid=s_36924_170_f&fid=36924&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19269146%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSION: Labial microcirculation alterations occur in SS patients. The study of the microcirculation in autoimmune pathology such as SS could provide new understanding on the dynamics of the pathology and could help to complete the diagnosis. PMID: 19269146 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Annals of Anatomy) Annals of Anatomy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2261176 Wed, 11 Feb 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2261176 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2249774&cid=s_36924_170_f&fid=36924&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19264467%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusions drawn from ultrastructural data should always be based on the best possible technique of sample preparation. Cryofixation is the state-of-the-art method for ultrastructural preservation, but for unstable and anoxia sensitive tissues, a combination of chemical prefixation with HPF and freeze substitution might be a valuable compromise. PMID: 19264467 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Annals of Anatomy) Annals of Anatomy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2249774 Tue, 20 Jan 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2249774 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2234581&cid=s_36924_170_f&fid=36924&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19249196%26dopt%3DAbstract This study investigates the effect of chronic hypobaric hypoxia (simulated high altitude, SHA) on the biomechanics of rat femurs by mechanical tests of diaphyseal stiffness and strength and calculation of some indicators of bone material properties. Adult female rats were exposed to SHA (5500m, 23.5h/d for 60d=HX rats; NX=normoxic). This treatment induced reticulocytosis and polycythemia. Bone mineral content did not differ between NX and HX rats at the end of the study. To determine cortical bone mechanical properties, the right femur was assessed using a 3-point bending test. Endosteum and periosteum moved away from the central axis in HX rats as deduced by an increase in the cross-sectional moment of inertia. The two indicators of bone material properties, the elastic modulus and stress... Annals of Anatomy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2234581 Tue, 20 Jan 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2234581 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2211933&cid=s_36924_170_f&fid=36924&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19230631%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Seidel K, De Vos R, Derksen L, Bauer P, Riess O, den Dunnen W, Deller T, Hageman G, Rüb U The hereditary spastic paraplegias (HSP) are a heterogeneous group of familial movement disorders sharing progressive spastic paraplegia as a common disease sign. In the present study, we performed the first pathoanatomical investigation of the central nervous degeneration of a female patient with a complicated HSP form who suffered from progressive spastic paraplegia, dysarthria, emotional symptoms, cognitive decline and a variety of additional neuropsychological deficits. This pathoanatomical investigation revealed in addition to loss of layer V Betz pyramidal cells in the primary motor cortex, widespread cerebellar neurodegeneration (i.e., loss of Purkinje cells and neuronal loss ... Annals of Anatomy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2211933 Tue, 20 Jan 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2211933 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2101796&cid=s_36924_170_f&fid=36924&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19135344%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Mayhew TM, Mühlfeld C, Vanhecke D, Ochs M Detecting, localising and counting ultrasmall particles and nanoparticles in sub- and supra-cellular compartments are of considerable current interest in basic and applied research in biomedicine, bioscience and environmental science. For particles with sufficient contrast (e.g. colloidal gold, ferritin, heavy metal-based nanoparticles), visualization requires the high resolutions achievable by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Moreover, if particles can be counted, their spatial distributions can be subjected to statistical evaluation. Whatever the level of structural organisation, particle distributions can be compared between different compartments within a given structure (cell, tissue and organ) or between different set... Annals of Anatomy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2101796 Sun, 30 Nov 2008 05:00:00 +0100 2101796 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2093215&cid=s_36924_170_f&fid=36924&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19128949%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Le Corroller T, Aswad R, Pauly V, Champsaur P The purpose of this work has been to compare the orientation of the rotator cuff insertions on the humerus between individuals with intact and torn rotator cuffs, respectively, to look for anatomical factors involved in the pathogenesis of rotator cuff tears. A total of 60 patients evaluated by arthro-computed tomography (CT) were divided into an intact rotator cuff group (31 patients) and a torn rotator cuff group (29 patients). The orientation angles of the lesser humeral tubercle facet and of the superior, middle and inferior facets of the greater humeral tubercle were measured in the sagittal plane between the horizontal line (defined as perpendicular to the diaphysis long axis) and the line tangent to the facet. The orientatio... Annals of Anatomy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2093215 Sun, 30 Nov 2008 05:00:00 +0100 2093215 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1952810&cid=s_36924_170_f&fid=36924&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18992679%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Tripathi R, Rath G, Jain A, Salhan S Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1 (VEGFR-1) is essential for the normal development and function of the placenta. Defective placental vasculogenesis and trophoblast function may lead to pre-eclampsia, a pregnancy-specific syndrome of hypertension and proteinuria. In order to study the association of VEGFR-1 with the development of pre-eclampsia, a cross-sectional study was carried out to evaluate the concentration of soluble VEGFR-1 (sVEGFR-1) in 360 serum samples and to analyze the expression of membranous VEGFR-1 in 40 placental samples of normal and pre-eclamptic pregnant women. Serum and placental samples at different gestational ages were collected from the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, VMMC and Safdarjang Hospi... Annals of Anatomy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1952810 Wed, 12 Nov 2008 16:57:10 +0100 1952810 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1912018&cid=s_36924_170_f&fid=36924&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18950997%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Guldner NW, Klapproth P, Schwarz PO, Hardel T, Rumpf PM, Kajahn J, Margaritoff P, Sievers HH, Grossherr M The glandular stem cell cardiomyopexy should become a treatment option for end-stage heart failure. It combines an expected regenerative potential of transformed adult glandular stem cells into cardiomyocytes within the myocardium or onto the myocardium of the recipient and the potential of a hypercapillarized latissimus dorsi muscle (LDM) wrapped around the heart for stem cell nutrition and girdling. PMID: 18950997 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Annals of Anatomy) Annals of Anatomy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1912018 Sat, 27 Sep 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1912018 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1912017&cid=s_36924_170_f&fid=36924&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18952412%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Toni R, Casa CD, Bodria M, Spaletta G, Vella R, Castorina S, Gatto A, Teti G, Falconi M, Rago T, Vitti P, Sgallari F We have recently hypothesized that structural and secretory components of the adult human thyroid gland maintain constant reciprocal and geometrical relationships, even if changes occur in the three-dimensional (3D) architecture of any of these elements. This means that thyroid morphology could be studied from the point of view of a 3D topology. As a consequence, we have investigated anatomical aspects that could support this assumption. In the present study, we show that the presence of a constant relationship can be demonstrated between the vascular arrangement of the gland, including the extension of intraglandular arterial fields, arterial anastomoses and ar... Annals of Anatomy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1912017 Tue, 23 Sep 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1912017 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1912019&cid=s_36924_170_f&fid=36924&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18950996%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Petschnik AE, Ciba P, Kruse C, Danner S In the application of adult stem cells in regenerative medicine, it is indispensable to control stem cell behaviour in vitro. Since stem cells spontaneously differentiate into several cell types, it is mandatory to identify methods to enrich the desired cell types and concurrently block other differentiation pathways. More precisely, generation of a defined cell population is a key prerequisite for a therapeutic application of stem cells. Here we have demonstrated that it is possible to influence the differentiation of human pancreatic stem cells (hPSCs). During activation of mesodermal differentiation, the cytoskeletal protein alpha-smooth muscle actin (alpha-SMA) seems to play an important role in different cell systems and can usually... Annals of Anatomy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1912019 Sat, 20 Sep 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1912019 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1887006&cid=s_36924_170_f&fid=36924&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18926677%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Benayahu D, Shefer G, Shur I Utilizing adult stem cells for regenerative medicine of skeletal tissues requires the development of molecular and biochemical tools that will allow isolation of these cells and direction of their differentiation towards a desired lineage and tissue formation. Stem cell commitment and fate decision into specialized functional cells involve coordinated activation and silencing of lineage-specific genes. Transcription factors and chromatin-remodeling proteins are key players in the control process of lineage commitment and differentiation during embryogenesis and adulthood. Transcription factors act in cooperation with co-regulator proteins to generate tissue-specific responses that elicits the tissue specific gene expression. Consequently, one of th... Annals of Anatomy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1887006 Wed, 10 Sep 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1887006 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1865989&cid=s_36924_170_f&fid=36924&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18842397%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Csaki C, Schneider PR, Shakibaei M Osteoarthritis (OA) resulting from trauma, degenerative or age-related disease presents a major clinical challenge due to the limited repair capacity of articular cartilage. This poor self-repair capacity of osteochondral defects has resulted in the development of a wide variety of new treatment approaches. Although the use of chondrocytes in applications of cartilage tissue engineering is still prevalent, concerns associated with donor-site morbidity, cell de-differentiation and the limited lifespan of these cells have brought the use of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to the forefront of such applications. Therefore, in the last two decades MSCs have come into the focus of connective tissue engineering and regenerative medicine and have becom... Annals of Anatomy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1865989 Thu, 28 Aug 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1865989 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1856758&cid=s_36924_170_f&fid=36924&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18835766%26dopt%3DAbstract We report on a 20-year-old young woman who presented to the emergency room with upper abdominal pain. On chest X-ray, dextrocardia was noted. Ultrasound was inconclusive. Barium studies demonstrated non-rotation of the intestine. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the abdomen confirmed heterotaxis with abnormal arrangement of abdominal organs and vasculature. This is the first radiographic description of LRA in MRI. It provides a unique contribution to the wide morphological variety of lateralization defects in a single examination within 15min and without the risks of ionizing radiation. In addition, a literature overview over the genetic aspects, broad morphological spectrum, and possible therapeutic consequences is given. PMID: 18835766 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: ... Annals of Anatomy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1856758 Thu, 28 Aug 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1856758 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1841580&cid=s_36924_170_f&fid=36924&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18823765%26dopt%3DAbstract This study, showing decreased IGFBP4 in different brain regions of SOD1(G93A) transgenic mice, may provide clues to understanding the differential susceptibility of neural structures in ALS, suggesting a role of IGFBP4 in an abnormality of cognitive and/or motor function in ALS. The mechanisms and functional implications of these decreases require elucidation. PMID: 18823765 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Annals of Anatomy) Annals of Anatomy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1841580 Thu, 28 Aug 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1841580 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1837946&cid=s_36924_170_f&fid=36924&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18819786%26dopt%3DAbstract Marie-François Xavier Bichat (1771-1802) and his contributions to the foundations of pathological anatomy and modern medicine. Ann Anat. 2008 Aug 20; Authors: Shoja MM, Tubbs RS, Loukas M, Shokouhi G, Ardalan MR Marie-François Xavier Bichat (1771-1802) was a prominent French anatomist during a time of revolution and one of the founders of French scientific medicine. He conducted several experimental studies, which laid the foundation for modern physiology. Based on autopsy findings, Bichat introduced 21 tissues as the basic elements of organs. His name is carried on by several eponyms in anatomy and histology; Bichat's fossa (pterygopalatine fossa), Bichat's protuberance (buccal fat pad), Bichat's foramen (cistern of the vena magna of Galen), Bichat's ligament (lower ... Annals of Anatomy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1837946 Wed, 20 Aug 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1837946 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1675563&cid=s_36924_170_f&fid=36924&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18672494%26dopt%3DAbstract Prof. Dr. Sport.-Wiss. Dr. rer. nat. Horst Michna (1954-2007). Ann Anat. 2008;190(2):97-102 Authors: Kühnel W PMID: 18672494 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Annals of Anatomy) Annals of Anatomy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1675563 Sat, 02 Aug 2008 17:10:16 +0100 1675563 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1672176&cid=s_36924_170_f&fid=36924&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18668721%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Peschke E PMID: 18668721 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Annals of Anatomy) Annals of Anatomy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1672176 Fri, 01 Aug 2008 14:05:15 +0100 1672176 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1643039&cid=s_36924_170_f&fid=36924&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18640015%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Zguczyński L, Bukowska D, Mierzejewska-Krzyżowska B The organization of projections from the inferior olive (IO) to the uvula of the vermis and the paramedian lobule (PML) of the same hemisphere in the rabbit cerebellar cortex was studied using retrograde tracers: Diamidino Yellow (DY) and Fast Blue (FB) dyes were injected unilaterally into these two targets in the same animals. The distribution patterns of DY- and FB-labeled neurons consistently detected in spatially separate regions of the contralateral IO subnuclei show that the IO-uvular and IO-PML projections display a distinct topography. The absence of double labeling indicates that no neurons project divergently to both the uvula and PML. The lateral and medial regions of the medial accessory olive and of t... Annals of Anatomy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1643039 Tue, 10 Jun 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1643039 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1597286&cid=s_36924_170_f&fid=36924&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18602255%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Blumer MJ, Longato S, Fritsch H In the long bones, endochondral bone formation proceeds via the development of a diaphyseal primary ossification centre (POC) and an epiphyseal secondary ossification centre (SOC). The growth plate, the essential structure for longitudinal bone growth, is located between these two sites of ossification. Basically, endochondral bone development depends upon neovascularization, and the early generation of vascularized cartilage canals is an initial event, clearly preceding the formation of the SOC. These canals form a discrete network within the cartilaginous epiphysis giving rise to the formation of the marrow space followed by the establishment of the SOC. These processes require excavation of the provisional cartilaginous matrix which is eventu... Annals of Anatomy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1597286 Wed, 28 May 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1597286 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1582382&cid=s_36924_170_f&fid=36924&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18599277%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Sato I, Imura K, Miwa Y, Miyado M, Sunohara M During the development of blood vascular systems in the masseter muscle, one functional property of the blood supply via capillaries is altered by the change in feeding pattern from suckling to mastication. The lymphatic vessel hyaluronan receptor-1 (LYVE-1) is a marker of lymphatic endothelial cells. The PECAM (CD31) is also an important marker of vascular endothelial cells and lymphatic cells. The mechanisms by which circulating lymphatic endothelial cells from blood vessels in masseter muscle form a network of lymphatic capillaries and vessels functioning in jaw muscle movement remain unknown. In our results, LYVE-1- and CD31- positive reactions were located in almost identical regions at the stages examined using double immunof... Annals of Anatomy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1582382 Wed, 28 May 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1582382 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1582381&cid=s_36924_170_f&fid=36924&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18599278%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSIONS: This paper strengthens the value of cadaveric training for surgeons and the crucial role of dissection of a large number of specimens in improvement of the surgeon's experience and success rate. PMID: 18599278 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Annals of Anatomy) Annals of Anatomy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1582381 Wed, 28 May 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1582381 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1577652&cid=s_36924_170_f&fid=36924&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18595675%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Reicheneder C, Proff P, Baumert U, Gedrange T A group of 80 children ranging in age from 6 to 10 years (subdivided into groups 1-5 according to chronological age) has been compared with an adult group on the basis of condylar path length and maximum mouth-opening capacity. The condylar path length and the mouth-opening capacity were measured using the ultrasonic JMA((R))-System for registration. In the development of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ), condylar path length and mouth-opening capacity were found to increase with age in the juvenile group. In the oldest juvenile subgroup (subgroup 5; average age: 10.3 years) the condylar path length reached 17.6mm on the left and 17.3mm on the right. This is equivalent to 90.3% (left) and 91.1% (right) of the size in the adult gro... Annals of Anatomy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1577652 Wed, 28 May 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1577652 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1577651&cid=s_36924_170_f&fid=36924&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18595676%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Imura K, Sato I Tenascin-X (Tn-X) belongs to the tenascin family of glycoproteins and is clearly associated with the human connective tissue disorder Ehlers-Danlos syndrome. Recently, human single nucleotide polymorphism analyses showed that Tn-X is associated with schizophrenia. Tn-X-related central nervous system (CNS) disorder has been reported in recent years. However, details of Tn-X localization are not clear in the adult cerebral cortex and its meninges. Using immunohistochemical techniques, we found novel localizations of Tn-X in the leptomeningeal trabecula (TB) of adult mice and in the connective tissue of the choroid plexus (CP) in the brains of mice. Subsequent immunohistochemical studies showed complementary localization of Tn-X in the leptomeninges and CP. Locali... Annals of Anatomy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1577651 Tue, 27 May 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1577651 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1577650&cid=s_36924_170_f&fid=36924&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18595677%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Arciszewski MB, Barabasz S, Całka J Galanin exerts its biological activities (inhibitory or excitatory) via three different G protein-coupled receptors. In the present study, double immunocytochemical labeling was used to localize GAL-R1, GAL-R2 and GAL-R3 on PGP 9.5-positive myenteric neurons from the dog and sheep stomach/forestomachs. In both species, the occurrence of galanin in neurons and nerve fibers of gastric ganglia was also studied. Myenteric ganglia of the dog stomach were supplied with numerous, mainly varicose, galanin-immunoreactive (IR) nerve terminals whereas the frequency of galanin-positive nerve fibers in myenteric ganglia of the ovine stomach and forestomachs was moderate. The number of PGP 9.5-IR/galanin-IR myenteric neurons was significantly lower ... Annals of Anatomy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1577650 Tue, 27 May 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1577650 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1577649&cid=s_36924_170_f&fid=36924&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18595678%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Shoja MM, Ardalan MR, Tubbs RS, Loukas M, Vahedinia S, Jabbary R, Jalilvand M, Shakeri A The internal jugular vein is often used for central venous catheter placement. The variations in the location of this vein along the major neck vessels (in the carotid sheath) may account for unsuccessful cannulations or iatrogenic arterial injuries. The aim of this study was to delineate the relation of the internal jugular vein and common carotid artery in the lower neck, and to assess the effects of age, gender and side on these anatomical structures. Two-dimensional ultrasonographic examinations of the right and left supraclavicular triangle were performed in 219 adult individuals who had no history of neck surgery or known pathology. The location of the internal jugular vein in relati... Annals of Anatomy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1577649 Tue, 27 May 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1577649 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1459165&cid=s_36924_170_f&fid=36924&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18489983%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Meyer W, Godynicki S, Tsukise A Based on sensitive light and electron microscopical lectin histochemistry, the distribution of saccharide residues is demonstrated in endothelial cells and/or the walls of integumental blood vessels of domesticated and wild mammals. In addition, the nomenclature of the blood vessel system in the skin is reviewed, and modified according to a generalized mammalian approach. Our comparative attempt demonstrated three (upper, mid-dermal, and dermal) plexus or retia in the integument of mammals of important systematic groups. The findings highlight a specific spectrum of terminal sugars in the endothelial cells and their glycocalyx and/or the blood vessel wall as related to the vessel retia and plexus present. The subepidermal blood vessel system, th... Annals of Anatomy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1459165 Wed, 21 May 2008 17:00:30 +0100 1459165 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1459164&cid=s_36924_170_f&fid=36924&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18489984%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Sevinc O, Barut C, Is M, Eryoruk N, Safak AA We evaluated age-related changes in the morphometric features of lumbar vertebrae in both sexes using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Midsagittal MRI scans of 366 individuals (156 males, 210 females; 25-82 years old) were evaluated retrospectively. The anterior height (H(a)), central height (H(c)), posterior height (H(p)), and anteroposterior diameter (D) of the body of each lumbar vertebra were measured. These measurements were used to calculate three indices, namely, the anterior wedge index (H(a)/H(p)), the biconcavity index (H(c)/H(p)), and the compression index (H(p)/D). The values of each of the three indices for the upper lumbar vertebrae of females were higher than those of the same vertebrae in males. The values of the co... Annals of Anatomy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1459164 Wed, 21 May 2008 17:00:30 +0100 1459164 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1459163&cid=s_36924_170_f&fid=36924&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18489985%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Arciszewski MB, Całka J, Majewski M Indirect immunohistochemistry was applied to demonstrate the presence of cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript (CART) peptide expression in the pancreas of the sheep. Using double immunocytochemical staining, the co-incidence of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP), neuropeptide Y (NPY) or substance P (SP) in CART-immunoreactive (IR) nerve fibers and intrapancreatic neurons was analyzed. Immunoreactivity to CART was detected in endocrine cells predominantly localized at the islet periphery. The exocrine pancreas and blood vessels were intensively innervated by CART-IR nerve fibers. Moderate numbers of CART-IR nerve terminals were found in the connective tissue, while the ductal system and islets were poorly supplied with CAR... Annals of Anatomy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1459163 Wed, 21 May 2008 17:00:30 +0100 1459163 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1433101&cid=s_36924_170_f&fid=36924&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18462930%26dopt%3DAbstract This study describes progress made towards engineering an articular condyle in vitro using human bone marrow stromal cells (hBMSCs) in a biphasic matrix. hBMSCs were transferred to a rat collagen-I hydrogel which was then pressed onto a bovine cancellous bone matrix. The gel/cell suspensions, each at a density of approximately 5x10(5)cells/ml containing fourth passage cells pressed into an adult human tibial condyle form using CT scan based moulds. The osteochondral constructs fabricated in vitro were stimulated in a bioreactor using cyclic compression and continuous perfusion. Penetration and cell distribution were demonstrated as homogeneous and cells were found to be viable after gel compression. The filamentous structure of the collagen fibres was more dense and homogeneous using compr... Annals of Anatomy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1433101 Tue, 18 Mar 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1433101 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1384142&cid=s_36924_170_f&fid=36924&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18417332%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Geetha-Loganathan P, Nimmagadda S, Scaal M, Huang R, Christ B During vertebrate embryogenesis, specialized mesodermal structures, called somites, give rise to a variety of mesodermal tissues including skeletal muscles, vertebrae and dermis. Development of the somites is a rhythmic process that involves a series of steps including segmentation of the paraxial mesoderm, epithelialization, somite formation, somite maturation, somite patterning and differentiation of somitic cells into different lineages. Wnt signaling has been found to play crucial roles in multiple steps of somite development. In this review, we present a brief overview of current knowledge on Wnt signaling events during the development of somites and their derivatives. PMID: 18417332 [PubMed - as supplied b... Annals of Anatomy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1384142 Tue, 04 Mar 2008 05:00:00 +0100 1384142 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1384141&cid=s_36924_170_f&fid=36924&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18417333%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Kachlik D, Baca V, Cepelik M, Hajek P, Mandys V, Musil V The aim of the study was a qualitative anatomical analysis of the macroscopic features of the surface of the calcaneal tuberosity, of the architecture of its cancellous bone and histological structure of the whole region. Dry human bones and pathological dissection material 24-36h post mortem were used in the study. On the tuberosity, the variability of its surface relief and the two borders between the superior, middle and inferior facets were studied. More frequent medial declination of the inferior line, corresponding to the distal circumference of the Achilles tendon attachment, was found. Two systems of expressive condensation of cancellous bone just below the surface of the calcaneal tuberosity were described. In t... Annals of Anatomy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1384141 Tue, 04 Mar 2008 05:00:00 +0100 1384141