MedWorm.com provides a medical RSS filtering service. Over 6000 RSS medical sources are combined and output via different filters. This feed contains the latest items from the 'Antonie van Leeuwenhoek' source. Mon, 06 Feb 2012 21:32:05 +0100 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5658865&cid=s_37667_77_f&fid=37667&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22302468%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Kurtzman CP Abstract Two new species of the methanol assimilating ascosporic yeast genus Komagataella are described. Komagataella populi sp. nov. (NRRL YB-455, CBS 12362, type strain, MycoBank accession number = 564110) was isolated from an exudate on a cottonwood tree (Populus deltoides), Peoria, Illinois, USA, and Komagataella ulmi sp. nov. (NRRL YB-407, CBS 12361, type strain, MycoBank accession number = 564111) was isolated from the exudate on an elm tree (Ulmus americana), also growing in Peoria, Illinois. The species were resolved from divergence in gene sequences for domains D1/D2 LSU rRNA, ITS1-5.8S-ITS2, mitochondrial small subunit rRNA, RNA polymerase subunit 1 and translation elongation factor-1α. Species of Komagatae... Antonie van Leeuwenhoek journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5658865 Fri, 03 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5658865 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5658866&cid=s_37667_77_f&fid=37667&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22287063%26dopt%3DAbstract This study is the first report on the probiotic potential of LAB strains isolated from an estuarine environment from Argentina. PMID: 22287063 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Antonie van Leeuwenhoek) Antonie van Leeuwenhoek journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5658866 Sun, 29 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5658866 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5658868&cid=s_37667_77_f&fid=37667&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22287032%26dopt%3DAbstract This study describes the release of antioxidant ferulic acid from wheat and triticale brans by mixtures of extracellular enzymes produced in culture by a strain FC007 of Alternaria alternata, a dark mold originally isolated from Canadian wood log. The genus of the mold was confirmed as Alternaria by 18S ribosomal DNA characterization. Enzyme activities for feruloyl esterase (FAE) and polysaccharide hydrolyzing enzymes were measured, and conditions for release of ferulic acid and reducing sugars from the mentioned brans were evaluated. The highest level of FAE activity (89 ± 7 mU ml(-1) fermentation culture) was obtained on the fifth day of fermentation on wheat bran as growth substrate. Depending on biomass and processing condition, up to 91.2 or 72.3% of the ferulic acid was released... Antonie van Leeuwenhoek journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5658868 Sat, 28 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5658868 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5658867&cid=s_37667_77_f&fid=37667&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22287033%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Boujelben I, Gomariz M, Martínez-García M, Santos F, Peña A, López C, Antón J, Maalej S Abstract The spatial and seasonal dynamics of the halophilic prokaryotic community was investigated in five ponds from Sfax solar saltern (Tunisia), covering a salinity gradient ranging from 20 to 36%. Fluorescence in situ hybridization indicated that, above 24% salinity, the prokaryotic community shifted from bacterial to archaeal dominance with a remarkable increase in the proportion of detected cells. Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) profiles were rather similar in all the samples analyzed, except in the lowest salinity pond (around 20% salt) where several specific archaeal and bacterial phylotypes were detected. In spite of previous studies on these salterns, DGGE... Antonie van Leeuwenhoek journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5658867 Sat, 28 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5658867 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5639010&cid=s_37667_77_f&fid=37667&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22277984%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Kim YM, Park SW Abstract Although extensive studies on the oxidation of carbon monoxide (CO) in aerobic carboxydotrophic bacteria have been carried out for over 30 years, utilization of CO as a source of carbon and energy by mycobacteria was recognized only recently. Studies on pathogenic and nonpathogenic mycobacteria have revealed that the basis for CO utilization in these bacteria is different in many aspects from that of other aerobic carboxydobacteria. We review the basis for CO utilization in mycobacterial carboxydobacteria, which is unique from physiological, biochemical, molecular, genetic and phylogenetic points of view. PMID: 22277984 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Antonie van Leeuwenhoek) Antonie van Leeuwenhoek journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5639010 Thu, 26 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5639010 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5639011&cid=s_37667_77_f&fid=37667&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22273761%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Nie GX, Ming H, Li S, Zhou EM, Cheng J, Yu TT, Zhang J, Feng HG, Tang SK, Li WJ Abstract A novel actinomycete, designated as strain YIM 75980(T), was isolated from a soil sample collected from a dry-hot river valley in Dongchuan county, Yunnan province, south-west China and was subjected to polyphasic taxonomic characterization. The organism produced circular, smooth, red to black coloured colonies comprising coccoid-shaped cells. Colonies on agar medium lacked mycelia and cells adhered to the agar. Strain YIM 75980(T) contained meso-diaminopimelic acid as the diagnostic diamino acid in the cell-wall peptidoglycan and contained galactose, arabinose and glucosamine as the main sugars in the whole-cell hydrolysates. The predominant menaquinone was MK-9 (H(4)) and the major f... Antonie van Leeuwenhoek journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5639011 Wed, 25 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5639011 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5620916&cid=s_37667_77_f&fid=37667&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22258199%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Azevedo JS, Ramos I, Araújo S, Oliveira CS, Correia A, Henriques IS Abstract Bacterioneuston may play a key role in water-air exchange of gases and in processing organic matter and pollutants that accumulate at the sea-surface microlayer (SML). However, the phylogenetic diversity of bacterioneuston has been poorly characterized. We analyzed 24 samples each from the SML and underlying water (UW) at three sites in the Ria de Aveiro estuary, Portugal. Cultivation and culture-independent techniques were used to compare bacterioneuston and bacterioplankton. Culturable heterotrophic bacteria were enriched in the SML. The culturable community was dominated by Psychrobacter and Acinetobacter. The presence of high numbers of Psychrobacter was a notable result. Differences were con... Antonie van Leeuwenhoek journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5620916 Thu, 19 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5620916 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5620917&cid=s_37667_77_f&fid=37667&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22249244%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Kucera J, Zeman J, Mandl M, Cerna H Abstract The conventional stoichiometry of the oxidation of elemental sulfur by ferric iron in Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans was not in agreement with our experimental data in terms of ferrous iron and proton formation. Reaction modelling under the actual conditions of bacterial activity resulted in a different stoichiometry, where additional iron species participate in the process to affect the number of released protons. The suggested reaction equation may more accurately predict the intensity of environmental acidification during the anaerobic bioprocess. PMID: 22249244 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Antonie van Leeuwenhoek) Antonie van Leeuwenhoek journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5620917 Tue, 17 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5620917 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5620919&cid=s_37667_77_f&fid=37667&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22246588%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Xie QY, Qu Z, Lin HP, Li L, Hong K Abstract An actinomycete strain 232617(T) was isolated from a composite mangrove sediment sample collected in Haikou, China. Phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain 232617(T) indicated the highest similarity with Micromonospora siamensis TT2-4(T) (99.05%), Micromonospora krabiensis A-2(T) (98.99%) and Micromonospora carbonacea DSM 43815(T) (98.91%). The gyrB gene sequence analysis also indicated that 232617(T) should be assigned to the genus Micromonospora. The cell wall contains meso-DAP and glycine. The major menaquinones were MK-10(H(4)) and MK-10(H(6)), with MK-9(H(4)) as minor components. The characteristic whole-cell sugars are xylose, arabinose and glucose. The phospholipid profile comprises phosphatidylethano... Antonie van Leeuwenhoek journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5620919 Fri, 13 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5620919 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5620918&cid=s_37667_77_f&fid=37667&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22246589%26dopt%3DAbstract Saitoella coloradoensis sp. nov., a new species of the Ascomycota, subphylum Taphrinomycotina. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek. 2012 Jan 13; Authors: Kurtzman CP, Robnett CJ Abstract Saitoella coloradoensis sp. nov. (NRRL YB-2330, CBS 12360, type strain, MycoBank accession number 563858) is described. This new member of the phylum Ascomycota, subphylum Taphrinomycotina was isolated from insect frass occurring in an Engelmann spruce (Picea engelmannii) that was growing in Colorado, USA. Multigene sequence analysis showed that S. coloradoensis is distinct from Saitoella complicata, the only other known species of Saitoella. The two species may be separated phenotypically from growth reactions on D: -xylose, ribitol and methyl-α-D: -glucoside. A... Antonie van Leeuwenhoek journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5620918 Fri, 13 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5620918 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5578024&cid=s_37667_77_f&fid=37667&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22228140%26dopt%3DAbstract Oleispira lenta sp. nov., a novel marine bacterium isolated from Yellow sea coastal seawater in Qingdao, China. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek. 2012 Jan 7; Authors: Wang Y, Yu M, Austin B, Zhang XH Abstract The taxonomic position of strain DFH11(T), which was isolated from coastal seawater off Qingdao, People's Republic of China in 2007, was determined. Strain DFH11(T) comprised Gram-negative, motile, strictly aerobic spirilli that did not produce catalase. Comparative 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis revealed that strain DFH11(T) shared ~97.2, 93.3, 91.8, 91.7 and 91.5% sequence similarities with Oleispira antarctica, Spongiispira norvegica, Bermanella marisrubri, Oceaniserpentilla haliotis and Reinekea aestuarii, respectively. DNA-DNA hybridization experiments indicated ... Antonie van Leeuwenhoek journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5578024 Sat, 07 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5578024 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5578025&cid=s_37667_77_f&fid=37667&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22215140%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Yoon JH, Kang SJ, Lee SY Abstract A Gram-negative, non-motile, non-endospore-forming bacterial strain, designated DPSR-4(T), was isolated from a tidal flat sediment on the southern coast of Korea. Strain DPSR-4(T) grew optimally at 25-30°C, at pH 7.0-7.5 and in the presence of 2% (w/v) NaCl. A Neighbour-Joining phylogenetic tree based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain DPSR-4(T) clustered with Salinimonas chungwhensis BH030046(T) by a high bootstrap resampling value of 99.7%. Strain DPSR-4(T) exhibited 96.2% 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity to that of S. chungwhensis BH030046(T) and 93.7-96.6% sequence similarity to the sequences of type strains of Alteromonas species. Strain DPSR-4(T) contained Q-8 as the predominant ubiquinone and iso-C(15:0) 2-O... Antonie van Leeuwenhoek journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5578025 Wed, 04 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5578025 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5559927&cid=s_37667_77_f&fid=37667&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22205375%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Abaydulla G, Luo X, Shi J, Peng F, Liu M, Wang Y, Dai J, Fang C Abstract A red-pigmented, Gram-negative, strictly aerobic, rod-shaped bacterium which was motile by gliding, designated strain 1351(T), was isolated from the soil of Lengduo, Tibet in China and subjected to a polyphasic taxonomic analysis. The isolate grows optimally at 30°C and pH 7. It grows with NaCl tolerated up to 1.5% (optimum, 0.5%). Phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence shows that strain 1351(T) is closely related to members of the family 'Cytophagaceae' closest sequence similarity was observed with similarity with Adhaeribacter terreus (91.8%). The major whole-cell fatty acids are summed feature 4 (containing anteiso-C(17:1) B and/or iso-C(17:1) I, 29.2%), summed feature 3 (conta... Antonie van Leeuwenhoek journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5559927 Thu, 29 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5559927 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5559926&cid=s_37667_77_f&fid=37667&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22205376%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Jin C, Luo P, Zuo H, Chen J, Chen M, Wang W Abstract A Gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, motile by means of single polar flagellum, rod-shaped marine bacterium, designated strain E414, was isolated from sea water collected from a farming pond rearing marine shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei in Zhanjiang, Guangdong province, PRC. The strain was able to grow in the presence of 0.5-6% (w/v) NaCl (optimally in 3-6% (w/v) NaCl), between pH 6 and 9 (optimally at pH 7-8), between 15 and 37°C (optimally at 25-30°C). Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences locate strain E414 in the vicinity of the coralliilyticus clade within the genus Vibrio. DNA-DNA relatedness data and multigene phylogenetic analysis based on the concatenated sequences of four genes (16S rRNA, r... Antonie van Leeuwenhoek journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5559926 Thu, 29 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5559926 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5549163&cid=s_37667_77_f&fid=37667&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22200779%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Saluja P, Yelchuri RK, Sohal SK, Bhagat G, Paramjit , Prasad GS Abstract Four yeast strains (APSS 805, APSS 806, APSS 815 and AP-18) belonging to a novel Torulaspora species were isolated from coal mine soils of Singareni in Andhra Pradesh state, India. Another strain (PBA-22) was isolated from agricultural field soil from Gujarat state, India. The vegetative cells of all these strains were round, haploid and produced asci by conjugation between independent cells or mother cell and bud, with rough ascospores, suggesting their possible relation to ascomycetous yeast genus Torulaspora. Phylogenetic analysis of the D1/D2 domain of the large subunit (LSU) rRNA gene and Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) regions revealed that, among the five strains, three viz. APSS 805, APSS 80... Antonie van Leeuwenhoek journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5549163 Tue, 27 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5549163 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5549162&cid=s_37667_77_f&fid=37667&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22200780%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Nie GX, Ming H, Wei DQ, Zhou EM, Tang X, Cheng J, Tang SK, Li WJ Abstract A novel Gram-stain positive, aerobic, non-motile, spore-forming actinobacterium, designated YIM 75926(T), was isolated from a soil sample collected at soil forest in Yuanmo county of Yunnan province, south-west China. Its taxonomic position was investigated by a polyphasic approach. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that the novel strain YIM 75926(T) belongs to the genus Pseudonocardia and was closely related to Pseudonocardia halophobica DSM 43089(T) (98.1% similarity). Strain YIM 75926(T) had MK-8 (H(4)) as the predominant menaquinone. The whole organism hydrolysates mainly consisted of meso-diaminopimelic acid, mannose, glucose, galactose and arabinose. The ma... Antonie van Leeuwenhoek journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5549162 Tue, 27 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5549162 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5549161&cid=s_37667_77_f&fid=37667&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22200781%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Srinivas TN, Nupur , Anil Kumar P Abstract A novel Gram-negative, rod shaped, motile, non-sporing strictly aerobic bacterium, designated strain AK5(T), was isolated from a sea water sample collected near Visakhapatnam coast, Bay of Bengal, India. Colonies on marine agar were circular, 3-4 mm in diameter, creamish and rose with entire margin. Growth occurred at 10-40°C, 0.5-12% (w/v) NaCl and pH of 7-11. Strain AK5(T) was oxidase and catalase positive. The fatty acids were dominated by iso-branched saturated and unsaturated fatty acids with a high abundance of iso-C(15:0), iso-C(17:0) and summed feature 9 (as defined by MIDI). Q8 was found to be the major respiratory quinone and diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine and four unidentified p... Antonie van Leeuwenhoek journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5549161 Tue, 27 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5549161 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5549160&cid=s_37667_77_f&fid=37667&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22200782%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Yoon JH, Jung YT Abstract A Gram-staining positive, endospore-forming, motile and rod-shaped bacterial strain, BR-29(T), was isolated from soil from west coast of the Korean peninsula, and its taxonomic position was investigated by a polyphasic study. Strain BR-29(T) grew optimally at around pH 7.5, at 30°C and in the presence of 0.5% (w/v) NaCl. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain BR-29(T) fell into a clade comprising the type strains of Cohnella species, with which it exhibited 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity values of 92.8-96.4%. Strain BR-29(T) contained a cell wall peptidoglycan based on meso-diaminopimelic acid and MK-7 as the predominant menaquinone. The major fatty acids were anteiso-C(15:0), C(16:0) and iso-C(16:0). The ma... Antonie van Leeuwenhoek journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5549160 Tue, 27 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5549160 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5549159&cid=s_37667_77_f&fid=37667&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22200783%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Meena KK, Kumar M, Kalyuzhnaya MG, Yandigeri MS, Singh DP, Saxena AK, Arora DK Abstract Methylotrophic bacteria were isolated from the phyllosphere of different crop plants such as sugarcane, pigeonpea, mustard, potato and radish. The methylotrophic isolates were differentiated based on growth characteristics and colony morphology on methanol supplemented ammonium mineral salts medium. Amplification of the mxaF gene helped in the identification of the methylotrophic isolates as belonging to the genus Methylobacterium. Cell-free culture filtrates of these strains enhanced seed germination of wheat (Triticum aestivum) with highest values of 98.3% observed using Methylobacterium sp. (NC4). Highest values of seedling length and vigour were recorded with Methylobacterium sp. (N... Antonie van Leeuwenhoek journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5549159 Tue, 27 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5549159 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5533766&cid=s_37667_77_f&fid=37667&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22186997%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Ledger T, Zúñiga A, Kraiser T, Dasencich P, Donoso R, Pérez-Pantoja D, González B Abstract Plant rhizosphere and internal tissues may constitute a relevant habitat for soil bacteria displaying high catabolic versatility towards xenobiotic aromatic compounds. Root exudates contain various molecules that are structurally related to aromatic xenobiotics and have been shown to stimulate bacterial degradation of aromatic pollutants in the rhizosphere. The ability to degrade specific aromatic components of root exudates could thus provide versatile catabolic bacteria with an advantage for rhizosphere colonization and growth. In this work, Cupriavidus pinatubonensis JMP134, a well-known aromatic compound degrader (including the herbicide 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetate, 2,4-D), wa... Antonie van Leeuwenhoek journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5533766 Wed, 21 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5533766 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5533767&cid=s_37667_77_f&fid=37667&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22183298%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Sánchez Valenzuela A, Benomar N, Abriouel H, Pérez Pulido R, Martínez Cañamero M, Gálvez A Abstract Wild flowers in the South of Spain were screened for Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium. Enterococci were frequently associated with prickypear and fieldpoppy flowers. Forty-six isolates, from 8 different flower species, were identified as E. faecalis (28 isolates) or E. faecium (18 isolates) and clustered in well-defined groups by ERIC-PCR fingerprinting. A high incidence of antibiotic resistance was detected among the E. faecalis isolates, especially to quinupristin/dalfopristin (75%), rifampicin (68%) and ciprofloxacin (57%), and to a lesser extent to levofloxacin (35.7%), erythromycin (28.5%), tetracycline (3.5%), chloramphenicol (3.5%) and streptomycin ... Antonie van Leeuwenhoek journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5533767 Tue, 20 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5533767 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5512979&cid=s_37667_77_f&fid=37667&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22160750%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Ribeiro SF, Silva MS, Da Cunha M, Carvalho AO, Dias GB, Rabelo G, Mello EO, Santa-Catarina C, Rodrigues R, Gomes VM Abstract A 6,000 Da peptide, named CaTI, was isolated from Capsicum annuum L. seeds and showed potent inhibitory activity against trypsin and chymotrypsin. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of CaTI on Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Candida albicans, Candida tropicalis and Kluyveromyces marxiannus cells. We observed that CaTI inhibited the growth of S. cerevisiae, K. marxiannus as well as C. albicans and induced cellular agglomeration and the release of cytoplasmic content. No effect on growth was observed in C. tropicalis but morphological changes were noted. In the spot assay, different degrees of sensitivity were shown among the strains and conc... Antonie van Leeuwenhoek journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5512979 Thu, 08 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5512979 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5512980&cid=s_37667_77_f&fid=37667&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22124681%26dopt%3DAbstract This study aimed to assess the efficiency of the Cepheid Xpert vanA/vanB test for detecting vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) colonization during a VanA Enterococcus faecium outbreak and to compare the Cepheid Xpert vanA/vanB (Cepheid, Sunnyvale, USA) test to a culture method with chromogenic medium chromID VRE agar (bioMérieux). The Cepheid Xpert vanA/vanB assay showed sensitivity 61.5%, specificity 79.2%, positive predictive value 61.5% and negative predictive value 79.2%. The results obtained in this study demonstrate that a positive result in the Cepheid Xpert vanA/vanB test for vanA enables the rapid (less than 1 h) presumptive, prior to culture, recognition of patients colonized with VRE. However, the Cepheid Xpert vanA/vanB assay cannot be the only test used to screen patient... Antonie van Leeuwenhoek journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5512980 Tue, 29 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5512980 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5455452&cid=s_37667_77_f&fid=37667&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22120904%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Grégoire P, Fardeau ML, Guasco S, Lagière J, Cambar J, Michotey V, Bonin P, Ollivier B Abstract A novel strictly anaerobic bacterium designated SPDX02-08(T) was isolated from a deep terrestrial geothermal spring located in southwest France. Cells (1-2 × 2-6 μm) were non-motile, non sporulating and stained Gram negative. Strain SPDX02-08(T) grew at a temperature between 40 and 60°C (optimum 55°C), pH between 6.3 and 7.3 (optimum 7.2) and a NaCl concentration between 0 and 5 g/l (optimum 2 g/l). Sulfate, thiosulfate and sulfite were used as terminal electron acceptors, but not elemental sulfur, nitrate, nitrite, Fe (III) or fumarate. In the presence of sulfate, strain SPDX02-08(T) completely oxidized pyruvate, propionate, butyrate, isobutyrate, valerate, isovalera... Antonie van Leeuwenhoek journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5455452 Sat, 26 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5455452 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5455453&cid=s_37667_77_f&fid=37667&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22116211%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Zhi XY, Zhao W, Li WJ, Zhao GP Abstract As an essential and basic biological discipline, prokaryotic systematics is entering the era of genomics. This paradigmatic shift is significant not only for understanding molecular phylogeny at the whole genome level but also in revealing the genetic or epigenetic basis that accounts for the phenotypic criteria used to classify and identify species. These developments provide an opportunity and a challenge for systematists to reanalyze the molecular mechanisms underlying the taxonomic characteristics of prokaryotes by drawing the knowledge from studies of genomics and/or functional genomics employing platform technologies and related bioinformatics tools. It is expected that taxonomic books, such as Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bac... Antonie van Leeuwenhoek journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5455453 Fri, 25 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5455453 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5455455&cid=s_37667_77_f&fid=37667&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22113698%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Willemse J, Mommaas AM, van Wezel GP Abstract The filamentous soil bacteria Streptomyces undergo a highly complex developmental programme. Before streptomycetes commit themselves to sporulation, distinct morphological checkpoints are passed in the aerial hyphae that are subject to multi-level control by the whi sporulation genes. Here we show that whi-independent expression of FtsZ restores sporulation to the early sporulation mutants whiA, whiB, whiG, whiH, whiI and whiJ. Viability, stress resistance and high-resolution electron microscopy underlined that viable spores were formed. However, spores from sporulation-restored whiA and whiG mutants showed defects in DNA segregation/condensation, while spores from the complemented whiB mutant had increased stress sensitivity, ... Antonie van Leeuwenhoek journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5455455 Thu, 24 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5455455 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5455454&cid=s_37667_77_f&fid=37667&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22113699%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Tang L, Liu SL Abstract A key issue troubling bacterial taxonomy and systematics is the lack of a biological species definition. Criteria to be used for defining bacterial species on genetic and biological bases should be able to reveal clear-cut boundaries among clusters of bacteria. To date, DNA-DNA re-association assays and ribosomal RNA sequence comparison have been useful in determining relative evolutionary distances among bacteria but the data are continuous and thus cannot define bacterial clusters as taxonomic units to be called species. Using Salmonella as models, we have looked for definite genetic and biologic uniqueness of clusters of bacteria. Based on our findings that each Salmonella lineage has a unique genome structure shared by strains of the same linea... Antonie van Leeuwenhoek journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5455454 Thu, 24 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5455454 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5455457&cid=s_37667_77_f&fid=37667&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22105532%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Saksinchai S, Suzuki M, Lumyong S, Ohkuma M, Chantawannakul P Abstract During a survey of yeasts associated with raw honey collected in Thailand, two strains of the Zygoascus clade were isolated from the Asian cavity-nesting honeybee Apis cerana and the stingless bee Homotrigona fimbriata. Phylogeny based on 26S rDNA D1/D2 sequences placed these yeasts as members of a clade including Candida bituminiphila, Candida patagonica and Candida polysorbophila. The strains of the two novel species, CBS 12271(T) and CBS 12270(T), respectively, could be unquestionably distinguished from their relatives by rDNA sequences and other taxonomic characteristics. Therefore, the novel anamorphic species, Candida lundiana sp. nov. (type strain CBS 12271(T) = JCM 16823(T)) and Candida suthep... Antonie van Leeuwenhoek journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5455457 Tue, 22 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5455457 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5455456&cid=s_37667_77_f&fid=37667&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22105533%26dopt%3DAbstract Echinicola shivajiensis sp. nov., a novel bacterium of the family "Cyclobacteriaceae" isolated from brackish water pond. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek. 2011 Nov 22; Authors: Srinivas TN, Kailash Tryambak B, Anil Kumar P Abstract Strain AK12(T), an orange pigmented Gram-negative, rod shaped, non-motile bacterium, was isolated from a mud sample collected from a brackish water pond at Rampur of West Bengal, India. The strain was positive for oxidase, catalase and phosphatase. The predominant fatty acids were iso-C(15:0) (42.7%), iso-C(17:0) 3OH (13.2%), C(16:1ω7c)/C(16:1ω6c) (summed feature 3) (8.0%), iso-C(17:1) I/anteiso-C(17:1) B (summed feature 4) (6.1%) and iso-C(17:1ω9c)/C(16:0) 10-methyl (summed feature 9) (9.4%). Strain AK12(T) contained MK-7 as the major respiratory quin... Antonie van Leeuwenhoek journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5455456 Tue, 22 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5455456 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5455458&cid=s_37667_77_f&fid=37667&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22094709%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Vidgen ME, Hooper JN, Fuerst JA Abstract Isolates from the marine actinobacterial genus Salinispora were cultured from marine sponges collected from along the length of the Great Barrier Reef (GBR), Queensland, Australia. Strains of two species of Salinispora, Salinispora arenicola and "Salinispora pacifica", were isolated from GBR sponges Dercitus xanthus, Cinachyrella australiensis and Hyattella intestinalis. Phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequences of representative strains, selected via BOX-PCR screening, identified previously unreported phylotypes of the species "S. pacifica". The classification of these microdiverse 16S rRNA groups was further confirmed by analysis of the ribonuclease P RNA (RNase P RNA) gene through both phylogenetic and secon... Antonie van Leeuwenhoek journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5455458 Fri, 18 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5455458 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5419283&cid=s_37667_77_f&fid=37667&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22086462%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Liu X, Bolla K, Ashforth EJ, Zhuo Y, Gao H, Huang P, Stanley SA, Hung DT, Zhang L Abstract Advances in the taxonomic characterization of microorganisms have accelerated the rate at which new producers of natural products can be understood in relation to known organisms. Yet for many reasons, chemical efforts to characterize new compounds from new microbes have not kept pace with taxonomic advances. That there exists an ever-widening gap between the biological versus chemical characterization of new microorganisms creates tremendous opportunity for the discovery of novel natural products through the calculated selection and study of organisms from unique, untapped, ecological niches. A systematics-guided bioprospecting, including the construction of high quality libraries o... Antonie van Leeuwenhoek journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5419283 Wed, 16 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5419283 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5419282&cid=s_37667_77_f&fid=37667&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22086463%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Ribeiro DA, Ferraz LF, Vicentini R, Ottoboni LM Abstract During bioleaching, Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans is subjected to different types of stress, including heat stress, which affect bacterial growth. In this work, real time quantitative PCR was used to analyze the expression of heat shock genes, as well as genes that encode proteins related to several functional categories in A. ferrooxidans. Cells were submitted to long-term growth and heat shock, both at 40°C. The results showed that heat shock affected the expression levels of most genes investigated, whilst long-term growth at 40°C resulted in minor changes in gene expression, except for certain genes related to iron transport, which were strongly down-regulated, suggesting that the iron processing capability of... Antonie van Leeuwenhoek journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5419282 Wed, 16 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5419282 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5419284&cid=s_37667_77_f&fid=37667&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22080429%26dopt%3DAbstract This study aimed to investigate whether the presence of trichomes as conspicuous physical attributes of the leaf surface affects the microbial community composition on Arabidopsis thaliana leaves. The A. thaliana ecotype Col-0 and its trichomeless gl1 mutant were grown in growth cabinets under climate-controlled conditions. The gl1 mutant showed a similar wax composition as the Col-0 wild type with slightly reduced amounts of C(29), C(31) and C(33) alkanes by GC/MS and GC/FID analyses. 120 bacterial isolates representing 39 bacterial genera were obtained from A. thaliana Col-0 leaf surfaces. Phylogenetic analysis of nearly full-length 16S rRNA sequences from 29 selected isolates confirmed their affiliation to the Proteobacteria (Alpha-, Beta-, Gamma-), Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes and Fir... Antonie van Leeuwenhoek journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5419284 Sun, 13 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5419284 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5419286&cid=s_37667_77_f&fid=37667&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22080411%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Santhanam R, Okoro CK, Rong X, Huang Y, Bull AT, Andrews BA, Asenjo JA, Weon HY, Goodfellow M Abstract The taxonomic position of a Streptomyces strain isolated from a hyper-arid desert soil was established using a polyphasic approach. The organism had chemical and morphological properties typical of the genus Streptomyces and formed a phyletic line at the periphery of the Streptomyces coeruleorubidus subcluster in the 16S rRNA gene tree. DNA:DNA relatedness values between the isolate and its nearest phylogenetic neighbours, Streptomyces lomondensis NRRL 3252(T) and Streptomyces lusitanus NRRL B-12501(T) were 42.5 (±0.48)% and 25.0 (±1.78)%, respectively. The isolate was readily distinguished from these organisms using a combination of morphological and phenotypic propert... Antonie van Leeuwenhoek journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5419286 Sat, 12 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5419286 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5419285&cid=s_37667_77_f&fid=37667&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22080412%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Sutcliffe IC, Trujillo ME, Goodfellow M PMID: 22080412 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Antonie van Leeuwenhoek) Antonie van Leeuwenhoek journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5419285 Sat, 12 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5419285 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5419287&cid=s_37667_77_f&fid=37667&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22068918%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Diniz RH, Silveira WB, Fietto LG, Passos FM Abstract The aim of this work was to obtain insights about the factors that determine the lactose fermentative metabolism of Kluyveromyces marxianus UFV-3. K. marxianus UFV-3 and Kluyveromyces lactis JA6 were cultured in a minimal medium containing different lactose concentrations (ranging from 0.25 to 64 mmol l(-1)) under aerobic and hypoxic conditions to evaluate their growth kinetics, gene expression and enzymatic activity. The increase in lactose concentration and the decrease in oxygen level favoured ethanol yield for both yeasts but in K. marxianus UFV-3 the effect was more pronounced. Under hypoxic conditions, the activities of β-galactosidase and pyruvate decarboxylase from K. marxianus UFV-3 were significantly higher ... Antonie van Leeuwenhoek journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5419287 Wed, 09 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5419287 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5419288&cid=s_37667_77_f&fid=37667&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22057833%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Kucera J, Bouchal P, Cerna H, Potesil D, Janiczek O, Zdrahal Z, Mandl M Abstract Elemental sulfur oxidation by ferric iron in Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans was investigated. The apparent Michaelis constant for ferric iron was 18.6 mM. An absence of anaerobic ferric iron reduction ability was observed in bacteria maintained on elemental sulfur for an extended period of time. Upon transition from ferrous iron to elemental sulfur medium, the cells exhibited similar kinetic characteristics of ferric iron reduction under anaerobic conditions to those of cells that were originally maintained on ferrous iron. Nevertheless, a total loss of anaerobic ferric iron reduction ability after the sixth passage in elemental sulfur medium was demonstrated. The first proteomic screening of... Antonie van Leeuwenhoek journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5419288 Sat, 05 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5419288 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5379429&cid=s_37667_77_f&fid=37667&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22048742%26dopt%3DAbstract We describe two kinds of molecular markers consisting of conserved indels in protein sequences and whole proteins that are specific for different groups that are proving particularly valuable in defining different prokaryotic groups in clear molecular terms and in understanding their interrelationships. The genetic and biochemical studies on these taxa-specific molecular markers also open the way to discover novel biochemical and physiological characteristics that are unique properties of these groups. PMID: 22048742 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Antonie van Leeuwenhoek) Antonie van Leeuwenhoek journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5379429 Thu, 03 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5379429 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5379428&cid=s_37667_77_f&fid=37667&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22048743%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Rocha SN, Abrahão-Neto J, Gombert AK PMID: 22048743 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Antonie van Leeuwenhoek) Antonie van Leeuwenhoek journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5379428 Thu, 03 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5379428 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5379430&cid=s_37667_77_f&fid=37667&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22045019%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Labeda DP, Goodfellow M, Brown R, Ward AC, Lanoot B, Vanncanneyt M, Swings J, Kim SB, Liu Z, Chun J, Tamura T, Oguchi A, Kikuchi T, Kikuchi H, Nishii T, Tsuji K, Yamaguchi Y, Tase A, Takahashi M, Sakane T, Suzuki KI, Hatano K Abstract Species of the genus Streptomyces, which constitute the vast majority of taxa within the family Streptomycetaceae, are a predominant component of the microbial population in soils throughout the world and have been the subject of extensive isolation and screening efforts over the years because they are a major source of commercially and medically important secondary metabolites. Taxonomic characterization of Streptomyces strains has been a challenge due to the large number of described species, greater than any other microbial genus, resultin... Antonie van Leeuwenhoek journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5379430 Wed, 02 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5379430 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5379432&cid=s_37667_77_f&fid=37667&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22041978%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Kämpfer P Abstract The term taxonomy is often used synonymously with systematics but it should be regarded more as a specific part of the latter and comprises the orderly arrangements of (defined) units in addition to the nomenclature, i.e. labelling of these units defined by classification, and also identification of these units defined by classification and labeled by nomenclature. Similar to all biological disciplines, taxonomic approaches in microbiology aim at the establishment of a system that mirrors the "order in nature" as closely as possible with the ultimate goal to describe the whole evolutionary order back to the origin of life. With the recognition of molecular markers present in all organisms (here in particular the small subunit rRNAs, ssRNSs), the achieve... Antonie van Leeuwenhoek journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5379432 Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5379432 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5379434&cid=s_37667_77_f&fid=37667&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22038177%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Sutcliffe IC, Trujillo ME, Goodfellow M Abstract Prokaryotic systematics is a fundamentally important discipline that provides a framework for the activities of all microbiologists. Here we propose that the field has become mired in a sea of perceived rules and regulations, many of which stipulate what is considered 'sufficient' for the phenotypic characterisation of novel prokaryotic taxa. Importantly, we argue also that the principles and practise of prokaryotic systematics have not yet fully embraced the revolution in biological understanding that has occurred through the availability of huge numbers of whole genome sequences. We therefore propose that a significant reappraisal of the procedures used to describe novel prokaryotic taxa is needed, including the likely int... Antonie van Leeuwenhoek journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5379434 Sun, 30 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5379434 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5379438&cid=s_37667_77_f&fid=37667&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22038127%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Yang YH, Song E, Willemse J, Park SH, Kim WS, Kim EJ, Lee BR, Kim JN, van Wezel GP, Kim BG Abstract Bacterial integration host factors (IHFs) play important roles in site-specific recombination, DNA replication, transcription, genome organization and bacterial pathogenesis. In Streptomyces coelicolor, there are three putative IHFs: SCO1480, SCO2950 and SCO5556. SCO1480 or Streptomyces IHF (sIHF) was previously identified as a transcription factor that binds to the promoter region of redD, the pathway-specific regulatory gene for the undecylprodigiosin biosynthetic gene cluster. Here we show that production of the pigmented antibiotics actinorhodin and undecylprodigiosin is strongly enhanced in sihf null mutants, while sporulation was strongly inhibited, with an on average ... Antonie van Leeuwenhoek journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5379438 Sat, 29 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5379438 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5379437&cid=s_37667_77_f&fid=37667&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22038128%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Kryachko Y, Dong X, Sensen CW, Voordouw G Abstract Samples of produced water and oil obtained from the Enermark field (near Medicine Hat, Alberta, Canada) were separated into oil and aqueous phases first gravitationally and then through centrifugation at 20°C in an atmosphere of 90% N(2) and 10% CO(2). Biomass that remained associated with oil after gravitational separation (1×g) was dislodged by centrifugation at 25,000×g. DNA was isolated from the aqueous and oil-associated biomass fractions and subjected to polymerase chain reaction amplification with primers targeting bacterial and archaeal 16S rRNA genes. DNA pyrosequencing and bioinformatics tools were used to characterize the resulting 16S rRNA gene amplicons. The oil-associated microbial community was less diver... Antonie van Leeuwenhoek journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5379437 Sat, 29 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5379437 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5379436&cid=s_37667_77_f&fid=37667&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22038129%26dopt%3DAbstract This study indicated that endophytic actinobacteria associated with A. annua are abundant and have potentially beneficial and diverse bioactivities which should be pursued for their biotechnical promise. PMID: 22038129 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Antonie van Leeuwenhoek) Antonie van Leeuwenhoek journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5379436 Sat, 29 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5379436 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5379435&cid=s_37667_77_f&fid=37667&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22038130%26dopt%3DAbstract This study suggests that high vaginal pH may influence both GBS survival and biofilm production and thus could be a risk factor for GBS infection. PMID: 22038130 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Antonie van Leeuwenhoek) Antonie van Leeuwenhoek journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5379435 Sat, 29 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5379435 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5379433&cid=s_37667_77_f&fid=37667&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22041977%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study two novel rod-shaped, non-endosporeforming, betaproteobacterial symbionts were isolated from the nephridia of two closely related earthworm species. Both isolates were affiliated with the genus Verminephrobacter by 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. Similarly to V. eiseniae, the two isolates grew aerobically with a preference for low oxygen concentrations on a range of sugars, fatty acids and amino acids and fermentatively on glucose and pyruvate. These phenotypes match well with the conditions reported or inferred for the nephridial environment. Based on 16S rRNA gene similarity, DNA-DNA hybridization value and phenotypic characteristics the two isolates are clearly distinct from V. eiseniae. Phenotypic characteristics could not clearly differentiate the two strains as separat... Antonie van Leeuwenhoek journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5379433 Sat, 22 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5379433 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5379431&cid=s_37667_77_f&fid=37667&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22041979%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, an analysis has been conducted of the fermentation characteristics of several industrial D. bruxellensis strains collected from distilleries from the Southeast and Northeast of Brazil, compared with Saccharomyces cerevisiae. It was found that all the strains of D. bruxellensis showed a lower fermentative capacity as a result of inefficient sugar assimilation, especially sucrose, under anaerobiosis, which is called the Custer effect. In addition, most of the sugar consumed by D. bruxellensis seemed to be used for biomass production, as was observed by the increase of its cell population during the fermentation recycles. In mixed populations, the surplus of D. bruxellensis over S. cerevisiae population could not be attributed to organic acid production by the first yeast, as p... Antonie van Leeuwenhoek journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5379431 Sat, 22 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5379431 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5379439&cid=s_37667_77_f&fid=37667&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22016333%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, three specific examples are illustrated to show how GSMRs will revolutionize prokaryotic systematics, as has previously occurred in many other fields of microbiology. PMID: 22016333 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Antonie van Leeuwenhoek) Antonie van Leeuwenhoek journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5379439 Fri, 21 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5379439 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5379440&cid=s_37667_77_f&fid=37667&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22012251%26dopt%3DAbstract Kocuria sediminis sp. nov., isolated from a marine sediment sample. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek. 2011 Oct 20; Authors: Bala M, Kaur C, Kaur I, Khan F, Mayilraj S Abstract A Gram-positive, pinkish-orange pigmented, coccoid strain, FCS-11(T) was isolated from a marine sediment sample taken from Kochi fort area, Kerala, India and subjected to polyphasic taxonomic study. The 16S rRNA gene sequence of the strain was determined and the results of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed that the strain FCS-11(T) should be assigned to the genus Kocuria. The chemotaxonomic data supported this taxonomic placement i.e. menaquinones MK-7(H(2)), MK-8(H(2)) and MK-9(H(2)); major fatty acids anteiso C15:0 and iso-C15:0 and phosphatidylglycerol (PG) and diphosphatidylglycerol (DPG) as ... Antonie van Leeuwenhoek journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5379440 Thu, 20 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5379440 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5325929&cid=s_37667_77_f&fid=37667&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21993690%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Yoon J, Katsuta A, Kasai H Abstract A strictly aerobic, Gram-negative, reddish-orange pigmented, non-motile and rod-shaped bacterium, designated AK17-053(T) was isolated from a marine crustacean (Squillidae) living on tidal flats on the coast of the Ariake Sea, Nagasaki, Japan. Phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence revealed that the novel isolate could be affiliated with the family Saprospiraceae of the phylum Bacteroidetes and that it showed highest sequence similarity (84%) with Lewinella marina MKG-38(T). The strain could be differentiated phenotypically from recognized members of the family Saprospiraceae. The G+C content of DNA was 55.3 mol%, MK-7 was the major menaquinone and iso-C(15:0) and C(16:1)ω7c were the major fatty acids. On the basis of... Antonie van Leeuwenhoek journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5325929 Thu, 13 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5325929 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5325931&cid=s_37667_77_f&fid=37667&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21989685%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Goodfellow M, Stach JE, Brown R, Bonda AN, Jones AL, Mexson J, Fiedler HP, Zucchi TD, Bull AT Abstract Verrucosispora isolate AB-18-032(T), the abyssomicin- and proximicin-producing actinomycete, has chemotaxonomic and morphological properties consistent with its classification in the genus Verrucosispora. The organism formed a distinct phyletic line in the Verrucosispora 16S rRNA gene tree sharing similarities of 99.7%, 98.7% and 98.9% with Verrucosispora gifhornensis DSM 44337(T), Verrucosispora lutea YIM 013(T) and Verrucosispora sediminis MS 426(T), respectively. It was readily distinguished from the two latter species using a range of phenotypic features and from V. gifhornensis DSM 44337(T), its nearest phylogenetic neighbor, by a DNA G+C content of 65.5 mol% obtain... Antonie van Leeuwenhoek journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5325931 Wed, 12 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5325931 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5325930&cid=s_37667_77_f&fid=37667&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21989686%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Xing K, Bian GK, Qin S, Klenk HP, Yuan B, Zhang YJ, Li WJ, Jiang JH Abstract A novel actinomycete, designated strain KLBMP 1111(T), was isolated from the root of the oil-seed plant Jatropha curcas L. collected from Sichuan Province, south-west China. Strain KLBMP 1111(T) formed a distinct branch in the 16S rRNA gene phylogenetic tree together with the type strains in the genus Kibdelosporangium, with the highest similarity to Kibdelosporangium aridum subsp. aridum DSM 43828(T) (98.8%), K. aridum subsp. largum DSM 44150(T) (98.1%) and Kibdelosporangium philippinense DSM 44226(T) (98.1%). The organism produced sporangium-like structures, the typical morphological characteristic of the genus Kibdelosporangium. The chemotaxonomic properties of this strain were also consistent ... Antonie van Leeuwenhoek journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5325930 Wed, 12 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5325930 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5325932&cid=s_37667_77_f&fid=37667&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21986935%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Knief C, Dengler V, Bodelier PL, Vorholt JA Abstract Methylobacterium strains are abundantly found in the phyllosphere of plants. Morphological, physiological and chemotaxonomical properties of 12 previously isolated strains were analyzed in order to obtain a more detailed overview of the characteristics of phyllosphere colonizing Methylobacterium strains. All strains showed the typical properties of the genus Methylobacterium, including pink pigmentation, facultative methylotrophy, a fatty acid profile dominated by C18:1 ω7c, and a high G+C content of 65 mol % or more. However, some strains showed only weak growth on methanol and pigmentation varied from pale pink to red. Strains grew best under mesophilic, neutrophilic conditions and low salt (≤1%) concentrations, bu... Antonie van Leeuwenhoek journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5325932 Tue, 11 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5325932 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5296433&cid=s_37667_77_f&fid=37667&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21965082%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Houbraken J, Spierenburg H, Frisvad JC Abstract The phylogenetic relationship among Geosmithia argillacea, Talaromyces emersonii, Talaromyces byssochlamydoides and other members of the Trichocomaceae was studied using partial RPB2 (RNA polymerase II gene, encoding the second largest protein subunit), Tsr1 (putative ribosome biogenesis protein) and Cct8 (putative chaperonin complex component TCP-1) gene sequences. The results showed that these species form a distinct clade within the Trichocomaceae and Trichocoma paradoxa is phylogenetically most closely related. Based on phenotypic and physiological characters and molecular data, we propose Rasamsonia gen. nov. to accommodate these species. This new genus is distinct from other genera of the Trichocomaceae in being thermot... Antonie van Leeuwenhoek journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5296433 Sun, 02 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5296433 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5296435&cid=s_37667_77_f&fid=37667&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21965039%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Rao JU, Rash BA, Nobre MF, da Costa MS, Rainey FA, Moe WM Abstract Three facultatively anaerobic, Gram-positive staining, rod-shaped, non-spore forming, flagellated bacterial strains, BL-75, BL-79(T) and BL-104, were isolated from chlorinated solvent-contaminated groundwater. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequence comparisons showed them to represent a distinct lineage within the genus Actinomyces with sequence identities in the range of <88-95.4% with previously described Actinomyces species. The strains were oxidase and catalase negative. Nitrate was not reduced. Esculin was hydrolyzed. Growth occurred in the temperature range of 20-43°C (optimum 30-37°C) and pH range 4.5-9.0 (optimum pH 6.5). Substrates supporting growth included various mono-, di-,... Antonie van Leeuwenhoek journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5296435 Sat, 01 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5296435 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5296434&cid=s_37667_77_f&fid=37667&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21965040%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Costa SB, Campos AC, Pereira AC, de Mattos-Guaraldi AL, Júnior RH, Rosa AC, Asad LM Abstract Base excision repair (BER) is dedicated to the repair of oxidative DNA damage caused by reactive oxygen species generated by chemical and physical agents or by metabolism which can react with DNA and cause a variety of mutations. Epithelial cells are typically the first type of host cell to come into contact with potential microbial invaders. In this work, we have evaluated whether the adherence to human epithelial cells causes DNA damage and associated filamentation. Experiments concerning adherence to HEp-2 cells were carried out with mutants deficient in BER that were derived from Escherichia coli K-12. Since the removal of mannose during bacterial interaction with HEp-2 cells ... Antonie van Leeuwenhoek journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5296434 Sat, 01 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5296434 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5278787&cid=s_37667_77_f&fid=37667&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21956658%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Khan AL, Hamayun M, Radhakrishnan R, Waqas M, Kang SM, Kim YH, Shin JH, Choo YS, Kim JG, Lee IJ Abstract We investigated in this study the influence of an endophytic fungus, Paecilomyces formosus LHL10, on the thermotolerance of cucumber (Cucumis sativus) upon exposure to high (38°C) and low (8°C) temperature stresses. The results showed that endophyte-inoculated plants had significantly higher plant growth attributes under high-temperature stress. However, they were either low or insignificant in non-inoculated control and inoculated plants with 8°C treatments. Lower stress-promulgated water deficit and cellular membrane damage were observed in endophyte-treated plants after 38°C treatment than in control plants under 8°C stress. Total polyphenol, reduced glutathione... Antonie van Leeuwenhoek journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5278787 Thu, 29 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5278787 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5278786&cid=s_37667_77_f&fid=37667&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21956659%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Misra S, Raghuwanshi S, Gupta P, Dutt K, Saxena RK Abstract Eighteen yeast species belonging to seven genera were isolated from ten samples of nectar from Hibiscus rosa sinensis and investigated for xylitol production using D: -xylose as sole carbon source. Amongst these isolates, no. 10 was selected as the best xylitol producer and identified as Candida tropicalis on the basis of morphological, biochemical and 26S rDNA sequencing. C. tropicalis produced 12.11 gl(-1) of xylitol in presence of 50 gl(-1) of xylose in 72 h at pH 5, 30°C and 200 rpm. The strain of C. tropicalis obtained through xylose enrichment technique has resulted in a yield of 0.5 gg(-1) with a xylitol volumetric productivity of 1.07 gl(-1)h(-1) in the presence of 300 gl(-1) of xylose through batc... Antonie van Leeuwenhoek journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5278786 Thu, 29 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5278786 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5278788&cid=s_37667_77_f&fid=37667&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21952732%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Shin NR, Whon TW, Kim MS, Roh SW, Jung MJ, Kim YO, Bae JW Abstract A novel Gram-positive, aerobic, motile, hemolytic, endospore-forming and rod-shaped bacterium TW25(T) was isolated from a dead ark clam during a mass mortality event on the South coast of Korea. The strain grew optimally at 30°C, at pH 8-9, and with 1% (w/v) NaCl. The 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis indicated that strain TW25(T) was associated with the genus Ornithinibacillus and that it was most closely related to the type strain of Ornithinibacillus californiensis (98.5% similarity). The dominant cellular fatty acids were iso-C15:0, anteiso-C15:0 and C16:0. The peptidoglycan amino acid type was A4β, containing L: -ornithine and D: -aspartic acid. The polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidy... Antonie van Leeuwenhoek journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5278788 Wed, 28 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5278788 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5246391&cid=s_37667_77_f&fid=37667&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21935690%26dopt%3DAbstract This study aimed to provide a dynamic description of an industrial French sourdough ecosystem over 10 consecutive days. The sourdough was obtained from a natural fermentation that has been propagated over several years by the traditional backslopping method. The physico-chemical properties (pH, temperature, total titratable acidity) and the diversity of the lactobacilli among the microbiota were analyzed. A culture-dependent approach provided genotypic (REP-PCR) and phenotypic characterizations. The ecosystem showed a cyclic dynamic. The pH ranged from 3.41 to 3.7 and the acidity levels from 13.9 to 22.4 ml NaOH. A stable lactobacilli microbiota was observed in the sourdough over the 10 days. It was composed of four predominant species assigned to Lactobacillus panis, Lactobacillus frume... Antonie van Leeuwenhoek journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5246391 Wed, 21 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5246391 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5246390&cid=s_37667_77_f&fid=37667&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21935691%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Kamgan Nkuekam G, Wingfield MJ, Mohammed C, Carnegie AJ, Pegg GS, Roux J Abstract The genus Ceratocystis includes important fungal pathogens of trees, including Eucalyptus spp. Ironically, very little is known regarding the diversity or biology of Ceratocystis species on Eucalyptus species in Australia, where most of these trees are native. The aim of this study was to survey for Ceratocystis spp., and their possible insect associates, on eucalypts in Australia and thus to establish a foundation of knowledge regarding these fungi on the continent. Collections were made in three states of Australia from wounds on trees, as well as from nitidulid beetles associated with these wounds. Ceratocystis spp. were identified based on morphology and multigene sequence comparisons. Of... Antonie van Leeuwenhoek journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5246390 Wed, 21 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5246390 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5246392&cid=s_37667_77_f&fid=37667&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21932076%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: de Souza AP, Vicente MD, Klein RC, Fietto LG, Coutrim MX, de Cássia Franco Afonso RJ, Araújo LD, da Silva PH, Bouillet LE, Castro IM, Brandão RL Abstract In this work, we have used classical genetics techniques to find improved starter strains to produce cachaça with superior sensorial quality. Our strategy included the selection of yeast strains resistant to 5,5',5″-trifluor-D: ,L: -leucine (TLF) and cerulenin, since these strains produce higher levels of higher alcohols and esters than parental strains. However, no clear relationship was observed when levels of flavoring compounds were compared with the levels expression of the genes (BAT1, BAT2, ATF2, EEB1 genes) involved with the biosynthesis of flavoring compounds. Furthermore, we determined the stability of phe... Antonie van Leeuwenhoek journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5246392 Tue, 20 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5246392 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5246394&cid=s_37667_77_f&fid=37667&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21927827%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, we investigated phylogenetic relationships within L. starkeyi, including 18 Japanese wild strains, and its related species, based on internal transcribed spacer sequences and evaluated biochemical characters which reflected the phylogenetic tree. Phylogenetic analysis showed that most of Japanese wild strains formed one clade and this clade is more closely related to L. starkeyi s.s. clade including one Japanese wild strain than other clades. Only three Japanese wild strains were genetically distinct from L. starkeyi. Lipomyces mesembrius and L. doorenjongii shared one clade, while L. kockii was genetically distinct from the other three species. Strains in L. starkeyi s.s. clade converted six sugars, D: -glucose, D: -xylose, L: -arabinose, D: -galactose, D: -mannose, and D: ... Antonie van Leeuwenhoek journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5246394 Sat, 17 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5246394 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5246393&cid=s_37667_77_f&fid=37667&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21927828%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Torres-Rodríguez BI, Flores-Berrout K, Villagómez-Castro JC, López-Romero E Abstract The early steps of glycoprotein biosynthesis involve processing of the N-glycan core by endoplasmic reticulum α-glucosidases I and II which sequentially trim the outermost α1,2-linked and the two more internal α1,3-linked glucose units, respectively. We have demonstrated the presence of some components of the enzymic machinery required for glycoprotein synthesis in Sporothrix schenckii, the etiological agent of human and animal sporotrichosis. However, information on this process is still very limited. Here, a distribution analysis of α-glucosidase revealed that 38 and 50% of total enzyme activity were present in a soluble and in a mixed membrane fraction, respectively. From the lat... Antonie van Leeuwenhoek journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5246393 Sat, 17 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5246393 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5229437&cid=s_37667_77_f&fid=37667&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21915613%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Chang C, Qing-Bai W, Zhu-Hong L, Jing-Jing Z, Xiao J, Hong-Yan S, Chun-Hua R, Chao-Qun H Abstract toxR, a conserved virulence-associated gene in vibrios, is identified in Vibrio alginolyticus ZJ51-O, a pathogenic strain isolated from diseased fish. To reveal the role of ToxR in the pathogenicity of V. alginolyticus, a deletion mutant was constructed by allelic exchange. The mutant showed the same level of growth in trypticase soy broth (TSB) and iron-limiting condition, as the wild type strain. However, deletion of toxR severely reduced resistance against bile salts and the capability of biofilm formation. Outer-membrane protein (OMP) analysis showed that a 37-kD protein was absent and a 43-kD protein was decreased in the mutant. By MS/MS, the two proteins are identified a... Antonie van Leeuwenhoek journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5229437 Wed, 14 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5229437 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5218738&cid=s_37667_77_f&fid=37667&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21901521%26dopt%3DAbstract This study brings new insights in the genetics and physiology of D. cinnamea P4, which is useful in biotechnology and bioremediation. PMID: 21901521 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Antonie van Leeuwenhoek) Antonie van Leeuwenhoek journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5218738 Wed, 07 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5218738 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5218741&cid=s_37667_77_f&fid=37667&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21894573%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Wildschut JD, Caffrey SM, Voordouw JK, Voordouw G Abstract Inactivation of PerR by oxidative stress and a corresponding increase in expression of the perR regulon genes is part of the oxidative stress defense in a variety of anaerobic bacteria. Diluted anaerobic, nearly sulfide-free cultures of mutant and wild-type Desulfovibrio vulgaris (10(5)-10(6) colony-forming units/ml) were treated with 0 to 2,500 μM H(2)O(2) for only 5 min to prevent readjustment of gene expression. Survivors were then scored by plating. The wild type and perR mutant had 50% survival at 58 and 269 μM H(2)O(2), respectively, indicating the latter to be 4.6-fold more resistant to killing by H(2)O(2) under these conditions. Significantly increased resistance of the wild type (38-fold; 50% killing ... Antonie van Leeuwenhoek journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5218741 Tue, 06 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5218741 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5218740&cid=s_37667_77_f&fid=37667&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21898149%26dopt%3DAbstract This study has revealed the potential of exploiting marine fungi for cost-effective production of cellulases for second generation bioethanol processes. PMID: 21898149 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Antonie van Leeuwenhoek) Antonie van Leeuwenhoek journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5218740 Tue, 06 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5218740 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5218739&cid=s_37667_77_f&fid=37667&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21898150%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, the isolation of an endophytic fungus, Fusarium proliferatum (MTCC 9690) from the inner bark tissue of Dysoxylum binectariferum Hook.f (Meliaceae) is reported. The endophytic fungus produces rohitukine when cultured in shake flasks containing potato dextrose broth. The yield of rohitukine was 186 μg/100 g dry mycelial weight, substantially lower than that produced by the host tissue. The compound from the fungus was authenticated by comparing the LC-HRMS and LC-HRMS/MS spectra with those of the reference standard and that produced by the host plant. Methanolic extract of the fungus was cytotoxic against HCT-116 and MCF-7 human cancer cell lines (IC(50) = 10 μg/ml for both cancer cell lines). PMID: 21898150 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Antonie van L... Antonie van Leeuwenhoek journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5218739 Sun, 04 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5218739 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5218742&cid=s_37667_77_f&fid=37667&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21892613%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Yan X, Huang LL, Tu X, Gao XN, Kang ZS Abstract An endophytic actinomycete strain, designated Hhs.015(T), was isolated from roots of cucumber seedlings. The endophytic isolate was identified by means of a polyphasic taxonomic approach. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities, strain Hhs.015(T) was closely related to members of the genus Saccharothrix. DNA-DNA hybridization with the four closest relatives, Saccharothrix longispora NRRL B-16116(T), Saccharothrix xinjiangensis NRRL B-24321(T), Saccharothrix autraliensis CGMCC 4.1355(T) and Saccharothrix espanaensis CGMCC 4.1714(T), gave similarity values of 33.8, 28.2, 44.1 and 29.5%, respectively, which indicated that strain Hhs.015(T) represents a novel species of the genus Saccharothrix. This is consistent with... Antonie van Leeuwenhoek journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5218742 Sat, 03 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5218742 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5218743&cid=s_37667_77_f&fid=37667&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21877124%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Zong Z Abstract Staphylococcus massiliensis is a newly-recognized species but its ecological niche and its role in infection remained unclear. Clinical isolate WCG21 recovered from a wound sample was initially identified as Staphylococcus simulans by the WalkAway automated system but was subsequently identified as S. massiliensis by partially sequencing the 16S rRNA and dnaJ genes. Strain WCG21 was probably a contaminant rather than a pathogen. The 16S rRNA gene sequences of several bacterial clones from human skin were also identical or near identical to that of S. massiliensis, suggesting that this species is part of human skin microflora. Although strain WCG21 was susceptible to a wide range of antimicrobials, it harbored a type V staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec.... Antonie van Leeuwenhoek journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5218743 Tue, 30 Aug 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5218743 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5175082&cid=s_37667_77_f&fid=37667&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21858658%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, the submerged cultivation of Trichoderma atroviride with protein substrate (bovine serum albumin, casein, ovalbumin, etc.) led to the secretion of protease activity (PA) into the medium. The secretion started within 30 h and rose to the maximum after 72-h cultivation. It continued upon the prolonged cultivation (up to 8 days) with lower secreted PA. Zymography of the secreted protease (SDS-PAGE with 0.2% gelatine), revealing high molecular weight (m.w.) protease(s) (~200 kDa) with high autolytic activity as the only secretory product. Enzymological characteristics of high m.w. proteases elicited by different inducer proteins were surprisingly different, suggesting that mycelia can recognize not only the presence of inducer proteins but also some qualitative characteristi... Antonie van Leeuwenhoek journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5175082 Sat, 20 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5175082 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5097789&cid=s_37667_77_f&fid=37667&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21809027%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Krzymińska S, Mokracka J, Koczura R, Cwiertnia A, Kaznowski A In the study we examined the production of cytotonic and cytotoxic toxins and the presence of a type III secretion system (TTSS) in 64 Aeromonas spp. strains isolated from fecal specimens of patients with gastroenteritis. We observed that contact of the bacteria with host epithelial cells is a prerequisite for their cytotoxicity at 3 h incubation. Cell-contact cytotoxic activity of the strains was strongly associated with the presence of the TTSS. Culture supernatants of the strains induced low cytotoxicity effects at the same time of incubation. Cell-free supernatants of 61 (95%) isolates expressed cytotoxic activity which caused the destruction of HEp-2 cells at 24 h. Moreover, 44% strains were cytotonic toward... Antonie van Leeuwenhoek journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5097789 Mon, 01 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5097789 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5097790&cid=s_37667_77_f&fid=37667&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21792685%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study we compared different methods of taxonomic and functional assignment of metagenomic clone sequences to evaluate microbial diversity in an unexplored soil ecosystem, searching for putative enzymes of biotechnological interest and generating important information for further functional screening of clone libraries. PMID: 21792685 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Antonie van Leeuwenhoek) Antonie van Leeuwenhoek journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5097790 Tue, 26 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5097790 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5097791&cid=s_37667_77_f&fid=37667&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21789597%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Yoon J, Oku N, Park S, Katsuta A, Kasai H A Gram-negative, strictly aerobic, reddish-pink pigmented, non-motile, rod-shaped strain designated N5DB8-4(T), was isolated from an orange-striped sea anemone Diadumene lineata by a differential growth screening method. Phylogenetic analyses based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence revealed that the novel isolate was affiliated with the family Flammeovirgaceae of the phylum Bacteroidetes and that it showed highest sequence similarity (89.1%) to Porifericola rhodea N5EA6-3A2B(T). The strain could be differentiated phenotypically from recognized members of the family Flammeovirgaceae. The G+C content of the DNA is 52.6 mol%, the major respiratory quinone is menaquinone 7 (MK-7) and iso-C15:0, C16:1ω5c and iso-C15:1 G (the double-bond posit... Antonie van Leeuwenhoek journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5097791 Mon, 25 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5097791 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5051765&cid=s_37667_77_f&fid=37667&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21761236%26dopt%3DAbstract This study aimed to improve the fermentation efficiency of Kloeckera africana K1, in tequila fermentations. We investigated organic and inorganic nitrogen source requirements in continuous K. africana fermentations fed with Agave tequilana juice. The addition of a mixture of 20 amino-acids greatly improved the fermentation efficiency of this yeast, increasing the consumption of reducing sugars and production of ethanol, compared with fermentations supplemented with ammonium sulfate. The preference of K. africana for each of the 20 amino-acids was further determined in batch fermentations and we found that asparagine supplementation increased K. africana biomass production, reducing sugar consumption and ethanol production (by 30, 36.7 and 45%, respectively) over fermentations supplemented ... Antonie van Leeuwenhoek journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5051765 Thu, 14 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5051765 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5051766&cid=s_37667_77_f&fid=37667&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21751028%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Lazar CS, Dinasquet J, L'haridon S, Pignet P, Toffin L Pockmarks are seabed geological structures sustaining methane seepage in cold seeps. Based on RNA-derived sequences the active fraction of the archaeal community was analysed in sediments associated with the G11 pockmark, in the Nyegga region of the Norwegian Sea. The anaerobic methanotrophic Archaea (ANME) and sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) communities were studied as well. The vertical distribution of the archaeal community assessed by PCR-DGGE highlighted the presence of ANME-2 in surface sediments, and ANME-1 in deeper sediments. Enrichments of methanogens showed the presence of hydrogenotrophic methanogens of the Methanogenium genus in surface sediment layers as well. The active fraction of the archaeal community was... Antonie van Leeuwenhoek journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5051766 Tue, 12 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5051766 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5051767&cid=s_37667_77_f&fid=37667&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21748399%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Seipke RF, Barke J, Ruiz-Gonzalez MX, Orivel J, Yu DW, Hutchings MI Fungus-growing attine ants use natural-product antibiotics produced by mutualist actinobacteria as 'weedkillers' in their fungal gardens. Here we report for the first time that fungus-growing Allomerus ants, which lie outside the tribe Attini, are associated with antifungal-producing actinobacteria, which offer them protection against non-cultivar fungi isolated from their ant-plants. PMID: 21748399 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Antonie van Leeuwenhoek) Antonie van Leeuwenhoek journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5051767 Mon, 11 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5051767 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5051768&cid=s_37667_77_f&fid=37667&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21735076%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Borghese R, Cicerano S, Zannoni D The highly toxic oxyanion tellurite (TeO(3) (2-)) enters the cells of the facultative photosynthetic bacterium Rhodobacter capsulatus through an acetate permease. Here we show that actP gene expression is down-regulated by fructose and this in turn determines a strong decrease of tellurite uptake and a parallel increase in the cells resistance to the toxic metalloid (from a minimal inhibitory concentration of 8 μM up to 400 μM tellurite under aerobic growth conditions). This demonstrates that there exists a direct connection between the level of tellurite uptake and the sensitivity of the cells to the oxyanion. PMID: 21735076 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Antonie van Leeuwenhoek) Antonie van Leeuwenhoek journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5051768 Wed, 06 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5051768 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5004793&cid=s_37667_77_f&fid=37667&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21732032%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Hu H, Lin HP, Xie Q, Li L, Xie XQ, Sun M, Hong K An actinomycete strain, which was designated 172115(T), was isolated from mangrove soil in Shenzhen, China. Strain 172115(T) fell within the genus Streptomyces in the 16S rRNA gene tree and could be grouped into this genus based on its chemotaxonomic and morphological data. The strain shared the highest 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities with Streptomyces lanatus NBRC 12787(T) (AB184845) (98.29%) and Streptomyces lucensis NBRC 13056(T) (AB184280) (98.26%). The DNA-DNA hybridization values between strain 172115(T) and the two most closely related type strains were low enough to justify the assignment of the strain to a novel species. On the basis of these phenotypic, phylogenetic and chemotaxonomic characteristics, 172115(T) rep... Antonie van Leeuwenhoek journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5004793 Tue, 05 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5004793 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5004792&cid=s_37667_77_f&fid=37667&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21732033%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Rocha SN, Abrahão-Neto J, Gombert AK The Kluyveromyces marxianus strains CBS 6556, CBS 397 and CBS 712(T) were cultivated on a defined medium with either glucose, lactose or sucrose as the sole carbon source, at 30 and 37°C. The aim of this work was to evaluate the diversity within this species, in terms of the macroscopic physiology. The main properties evaluated were: intensity of the Crabtree effect, specific growth rate, biomass yield on substrate, metabolite excretion and protein secretion capacity, inferred by measuring extracellular inulinase activity. The strain Kluyveromyces lactis CBS 2359 was evaluated in parallel, since it is the best described Kluyveromyces yeast and thus can be used as a control for the experimental setup. K. marxianus CBS 6556 presented the hi... Antonie van Leeuwenhoek journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5004792 Tue, 05 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5004792 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5004791&cid=s_37667_77_f&fid=37667&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21732034%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Deng MR, Guo J, Li X, Zhu CH, Zhu HH Streptomyces vietnamensis, a recently designated species isolated from tropical forest soil, was found to be a new granaticin producer. The granaticin biosynthetic gene cluster (gra) and flanking genes from S. vietnamensis were cloned and sequenced by a sequential cloning strategy. All biosynthetic genes were found as expected. The high overall homology of the gra cluster from S. vietnamensis to that of Streptomyces violaceoruber Tü22 indicated a recent common ancestor of the two clusters. However, a flanking gene orf35 was missing from the gra cluster of S. vietnamensis, and high frequency of insertions and deletions of short fragment (shorter than 63 bp) were observed throughout the sequenced region compared to that of S. violaceoruber ... Antonie van Leeuwenhoek journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5004791 Tue, 05 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5004791 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5004790&cid=s_37667_77_f&fid=37667&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21732035%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Singh DP, Prabha R, Yandigeri MS, Arora DK Phenylpropanoids, flavonoids and plant growth regulators in rice (Oryza sativa) variety (UPR 1823) inoculated with different cyanobacterial strains namely Anabaena oryzae, Anabaena doliolum, Phormidium fragile, Calothrix geitonos, Hapalosiphon intricatus, Aulosira fertilissima, Tolypothrix tenuis, Oscillatoria acuta and Plectonema boryanum were quantified using HPLC in pot conditions after 15 and 30 days. Qualitative analysis of the induced compounds using reverse phase HPLC and further confirmation with LC-MS/MS showed consistent accumulation of phenolic acids (gallic, gentisic, caffeic, chlorogenic and ferulic acids), flavonoids (rutin and quercetin) and phytohormones (indole acetic acid and indole butyric acid) in rice leaves. Pla... Antonie van Leeuwenhoek journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5004790 Tue, 05 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5004790 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5004794&cid=s_37667_77_f&fid=37667&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21720857%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Le Roes-Hill M, Rohland J, Burton S A multi-faceted screening programme was designed to search for the oxidases, laccase, peroxidase and tyrosinase. Actinobacteria were selectively isolated from the paunch and colon region of the hindguts of the higher termite, Amitermes hastatus. The isolates were subjected to solid media assays (dye decolourization, melanin production and the utilization of indulin AT as sole carbon source) and liquid media assays. Eleven of the 39 strains had the ability to decolourize the dye RBBR, an indicator for the production of peroxidases in actinobacteria. Melanin production on ISP6 and ISP7 agar plates served as a good indicator for laccase and/or tyrosinase production and the ability of the strains to grow in the presence of indulin AT as a sole c... Antonie van Leeuwenhoek journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5004794 Thu, 30 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5004794 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5004797&cid=s_37667_77_f&fid=37667&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21717204%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Gupta RS The prokaryotic organisms can be divided into two main groups depending upon whether their cell envelopes contain one membrane (monoderms) or two membranes (diderms). It is important to understand how these and other variations that are observed in the cell envelopes of prokaryotic organisms have originated. In 2009, James Lake proposed that cells with two membranes (primarily Gram-negative bacteria) originated from an ancient endosymbiotic event involving an Actinobacteria and a Clostridia (Lake 2009). However, this Perspective argues that this proposal is based on a number of incorrect assumptions and the data presented in support of this model are also of questionable nature. Thus, there is no reliable evidence to support the endosymbiotic origin of double membrane... Antonie van Leeuwenhoek journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5004797 Wed, 29 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5004797 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5004796&cid=s_37667_77_f&fid=37667&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21717205%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Jeyaram K, Tamang JP, Capece A, Romano P Autochthonous strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae from traditional starters used for the production of rice-based ethnic fermented beverage in North East India were examined for their genetic polymorphism using mitochondrial DNA-RFLP and electrophoretic karyotyping. Mitochondrial DNA-RFLP analysis of S. cerevisiae strains with similar technological origins from hamei starter of Manipur and marcha starter of Sikkim revealed widely separated clusters based on their geographical origin. Electrophoretic karyotyping showed high polymorphism amongst the hamei strains within similar mitochondrial DNA-RFLP cluster and one unique karyotype of marcha strain was widely distributed in the Sikkim-Himalayan region. We conceptualized the possibility o... Antonie van Leeuwenhoek journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5004796 Wed, 29 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5004796 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5004795&cid=s_37667_77_f&fid=37667&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21717206%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Cao H, Hong Y, Li M, Gu JD In the present study the diversity and abundance of nitrifying microbes including ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) and betaproteobacteria (beta-AOB) were investigated, along with the physicochemical parameters potentially affecting them, in a transect of surface sediments from the coastal margin adjacent to the Pearl River estuary to the slope in the deep South China Sea. Nitrifying microbial diversity was determined by detecting the amoA (ammonia monooxygenase subunit A) gene. An obvious community structure shift for both AOA and beta-AOB from the coastal marginal areas to the slope in the deep-sea was detected, while the OTU numbers of AOA amoA were more stable than those of the beta-AOB. The OTUs of beta-AOB increased with the distance from the coa... Antonie van Leeuwenhoek journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5004795 Wed, 29 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5004795 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5004798&cid=s_37667_77_f&fid=37667&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21713368%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Nouioui I, Ghodhbane-Gtari F, Beauchemin NJ, Tisa LS, Gtari M To construct an evolutionary hypothesis for the genus Frankia, gyrB (encoding gyrase B), nifH (encoding nitrogenase reductase) and glnII (encoding glutamine synthetase II) gene sequences were considered for 38 strains. The overall clustering pattern among Frankia strains based on the three analyzed sequences varied among themselves and with the previously established 16S rRNA gene phylogeny and they did not reliably reflect clear evolution of the four discerned Frankia clusters (1, 2, 3 and 4). Based on concatenated gyrB, nifH and glnII, robust phylogenetic trees were observed with the three treeing methods (Maximum Likelihood, Parsimony and Neighbor-Joining) and supported by strong bootstrap and posterior probabili... Antonie van Leeuwenhoek journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5004798 Tue, 28 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5004798 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5004799&cid=s_37667_77_f&fid=37667&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21701821%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, use of a second primer pair for the cagA gene can be recommended in countries with common cagA (+) strains. Although both cag genes were linked to severe diseases in Bulgarian patients, the best discrimination of virulent strains was obtained by the cagA/cagE combination or by the cagE gene alone. cagE prevalence increased gradually with patient age, while the cagA (+)/cagE (-) genotype, implying a disrupted cag pathogenicity island, was associated with both younger age and female gender. PMID: 21701821 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Antonie van Leeuwenhoek) Antonie van Leeuwenhoek journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5004799 Thu, 23 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5004799 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4958833&cid=s_37667_77_f&fid=37667&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21691776%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Li J, Tian XP, Zhu TJ, Yang LL, Li WJ A novel actinomycete strain, GW25-5(T), was isolated from a soil sample collected from the Fildes Peninsula, King George Island, West Antarctica. The strain was characterized by white to grey aerial mycelia, which were differentiated to straight to flexuous spore chains, with rod-shaped smooth spores. The cell wall of strain GW25-5(T) contained LL-diaminopimelic acid (A(2)pm) and traces of meso-A(2)pm. Whole-cell sugars were galactose and minor amounts of mannose and glucose. The predominant menaquinones were MK-9(H(6)) (49%), MK-9(H(8)) (24%) and MK-9(H(4)) (12%). The phospholipids contained DPG, PE, PI, PIM and PL(s). The major cellular fatty acids were iso-C(16:0) and anteiso-C(15:0). Genomic DNA G+C content of strain GW25-5(T) was 70.0... Antonie van Leeuwenhoek journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4958833 Mon, 20 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4958833 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4958832&cid=s_37667_77_f&fid=37667&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21691777%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Zhao GZ, Zhu WY, Li J, Xie Q, Xu LH, Li WJ An aerobic, non-motile, catalase-positive, Gram-stain positive actinomycete designated YIM 63233(T) was isolated from the surface-sterilized leaves of Artemisia annua L. and characterized using a polyphasic taxonomic approach. Optimal growth occurred at 20-28°C, pH 6.0-7.0 and in the presence of 0-3% (w/v) NaCl. 16S rRNA gene sequence-based phylogenetic analysis showed that strain YIM 63233(T) clustered with species of the genus Pseudonocardia, displaying ≥1.2% sequence divergence with recognized species of this genus (from 98.8 to 94.0%). Relatively low levels of DNA-DNA relatedness were found between strain YIM 63233(T) and Pseudonocardia petroleophila IMSNU 22072(T), which supported the classification of strain YIM 63233(T) with... Antonie van Leeuwenhoek journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4958832 Mon, 20 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4958832 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4958834&cid=s_37667_77_f&fid=37667&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21681584%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Verdugo Valdez A, Segura Garcia L, Kirchmayr M, Ramírez Rodríguez P, González Esquinca A, Coria R, Gschaedler Mathis A The aims of this work were to characterize the fermentation process of mezcal from San Luis Potosi, México and identify the yeasts present in the fermentation using molecular culture-dependent methods (RFLP of the 5.8S-ITS and sequencing of the D1/D2 domain) and also by using a culture-independent method (DGGE). The alcoholic fermentations of two separate musts obtained from Agave salmiana were analyzed. Sugar, ethanol and major volatile compounds concentrations were higher in the first fermentation, which shows the importance of having a quality standard for raw materials, particularly in the concentration of fructans, in order to produce fermented Agave ... Antonie van Leeuwenhoek journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4958834 Thu, 16 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4958834 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4958836&cid=s_37667_77_f&fid=37667&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21674230%26dopt%3DAbstract This study compared phenotypic traits of 13 K. marxianus strains sourced from two European Culture Collections. A wide variety of responses to thermo, osmotic, and cell wall stress were observed, with some strains showing multi-stress resistance. These traits generally appeared unlinked indicating that, as with other yeasts, multiple resistance/adaptation pathways are present in K. marxianus. The data indicate that it should be possible to identify the molecular basis of traits to facilitate selection or engineering of strains adapted for industrial environments. The loci responsible for mating were also identified by genome sequencing and PCR analysis. It was found that K. marxianus can exist as stable haploid or diploid cells, opening up additional prospects for future strain engineering... Antonie van Leeuwenhoek journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4958836 Tue, 14 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4958836 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4958835&cid=s_37667_77_f&fid=37667&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21674231%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Bengtsson J, Eriksson KM, Hartmann M, Wang Z, Shenoy BD, Grelet GA, Abarenkov K, Petri A, Alm Rosenblad M, Nilsson RH The ribosomal small subunit (SSU) rRNA gene has emerged as an important genetic marker for taxonomic identification in environmental sequencing datasets. In addition to being present in the nucleus of eukaryotes and the core genome of prokaryotes, the gene is also found in the mitochondria of eukaryotes and in the chloroplasts of photosynthetic eukaryotes. These three sets of genes are conceptually paralogous and should in most situations not be aligned and analyzed jointly. To identify the origin of SSU sequences in complex sequence datasets has hitherto been a time-consuming and largely manual undertaking. However, the present study introduces Metaxa ( http:/... Antonie van Leeuwenhoek journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4958835 Tue, 14 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4958835 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4958841&cid=s_37667_77_f&fid=37667&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21671192%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Everest GJ, Cook AE, Kirby BM, Meyers PR Partial recN gene sequences (>1 kb) were obtained from 35 type strains of the genus Amycolatopsis. Phylogenetic trees were constructed to determine the effectiveness of using this gene to predict taxonomic relationships within the genus. The use of recN sequence analysis as an alternative to DNA-DNA hybridization (DDH) for distinguishing closely related species was also assessed. The recN based phylogeny mostly confirmed the conventional 16S rRNA and gyrB gene-based phylogenies and thus provides further support for these phylogenetic groupings. As is the case for the gyrB gene, pairwise recN sequence similarities cannot be used to predict the DNA relatedness between type strains but the recN genetic distance can be used as a means t... Antonie van Leeuwenhoek journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4958841 Mon, 13 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4958841 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4958840&cid=s_37667_77_f&fid=37667&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21671193%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Kurtzman CP Ogataea parapolymorpha sp. n. (NRRL YB-1982, CBS 12304, type strain), the ascosporic state of Candida parapolymorpha, is described. The species appears homothallic, assimilates methanol as is typical of most Ogataea species and forms hat-shaped ascospores in asci that become deliquescent. O. parapolymorpha is closely related to Ogataea angusta and Ogataea polymorpha. The three species can be resolved from gene sequence analyses but are unresolved from fermentation and growth reactions that are typically used for yeast identification. On the basis of multiple isolates, O. angusta is known only from California, USA, in association with Drosophila and Aulacigaster flies, O. parapolymorpha is predominantly associated with insect frass from trees in the eastern USA but ... Antonie van Leeuwenhoek journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4958840 Mon, 13 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4958840 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4958839&cid=s_37667_77_f&fid=37667&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21671194%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Madhaiyan M, Poonguzhali S, Lee JS, Lee KC, Hari K A Gram-positive, non-pigmented, rod-shaped, diazotrophic bacterial strain, designated SC-N012(T), was isolated from rhizosphere soil of sugarcane and was subjected to a polyphasic taxonomic study. The strain exhibited phenotypic properties that included chemotaxonomic characteristics consistent with its classification in the genus Bacillus. Sequence analysis of the 16S rRNA gene of SC-N012(T) revealed the closest match (98.9% pair wise similarity) with Bacillus clausii DSM 8716(T). However, DNA-DNA hybridization experiments indicated low levels of genomic relatedness (32%) with this strain. The major components of the fatty acid profile are iso-C(15:0), anteiso-C(15:0), iso-C(17:0) and anteiso-C(17:0). The diagnostic cell-wall... Antonie van Leeuwenhoek journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4958839 Mon, 13 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4958839 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4958838&cid=s_37667_77_f&fid=37667&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21671195%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Gärtner A, Blümel M, Wiese J, Imhoff JF The Eastern Mediterranean deep sea is one of the most oligotrophic regions in the world's ocean. With the aim to classify bacteria from this special environment we isolated 107 strains affiliating to the Gammaproteobacteria, Alphaproteobacteria, Firmicutes, Actinobacteria and Bacteroidetes from sediments of the Eastern Mediterranean Sea. As determined by 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, Actinobacteria and Firmicutes, in particular members of the genus Bacillus, were dominant and represented a remarkable diversity with 27 out of a total of 33 operational taxonomic units obtained from the untreated sediment. The considerable percentage of operational taxonomic units (42%) which may be considered to be new species underlines the uniquenes... Antonie van Leeuwenhoek journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4958838 Mon, 13 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4958838 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4958837&cid=s_37667_77_f&fid=37667&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21671196%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Yan X, Yan H, Liu Z, Liu X, Mo H, Zhang L A strain named A18 was recovered from a compost of button mushrooms. It was characterized using a polyphasic approach. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence comparison, it belonged to the genus Nocardiopsis and was most closely related to the type strains of Nocardiopsis flavescens (sequence similarity 98.0%), Nocardiopsis prasina (97.5%), Nocardiopsis metallicus (97.4%), Nocardiopsis alba (97.3%). The combination of phylogenetic analysis, DNA-DNA hybridization, phenotypic characteristics and chemotaxonomic data supported the proposal that strain A18 represents a new species of the genus Nocardiopsis, for which the name Nocardiopsis yanglingensis sp. nov. was proposed (type strain A18(T) = KCTC 19723(T) = CCTCC 209063(T)). PMI... Antonie van Leeuwenhoek journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4958837 Mon, 13 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4958837 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4958843&cid=s_37667_77_f&fid=37667&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21656192%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, we report on the bacterial community associated with the pinewood nematode Bursaphelenchus xylophilus from symptomatic pine wilted trees, as well as from long-term preserved B. xylophilus laboratory collection specimens, emphasizing the close bacteria-nematode associations that may contribute to pine wilt disease development. PMID: 21656192 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Antonie van Leeuwenhoek) Antonie van Leeuwenhoek journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4958843 Wed, 08 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4958843 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4958842&cid=s_37667_77_f&fid=37667&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21656193%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Chen C, Shi R, Liu BB, Zhang YJ, Sun HZ, Li CT, Tang SK, Zhang LL, Li WJ Two moderately halophilic, Gram-negative, rod-shaped bacteria, designated YIM 93003(T) and YIM 94343(T), were isolated from a salt lake in Xinjiang province, north-west China. The two strains YIM 93003(T) and YIM 94343(T) grew at 20-40°C, pH 6-9, 0.5-24% (w/v) NaCl and at 20-40°C, pH 6-9, 0.5-23% (w/v) NaCl, respectively. No growth occurred in absence of NaCl. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strains YIM 93003(T) and YIM 94343(T) were phylogenetically affiliated to the genus Halomonas and exhibited sequence similarity of 97.5% and 97.4% to the type strain Halomonas anticariensis DSM 16096(T), respectively. The strains possessed chemotaxonomic markers that were con... Antonie van Leeuwenhoek journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4958842 Wed, 08 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4958842 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4910928&cid=s_37667_77_f&fid=37667&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21647612%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Mehmood MA, Xiao X, Hafeez FY, Gai Y, Wang F Bacillus thuringiensis is an insecticidal bacterium whose chitinolytic system may be exploited to improve the insecticidal system of Bt-crops. A nucleotide fragment of 1368 bp from B. thuringiensis serovar konkukian S4, containing the complete coding sequence of the chitin binding protein Cbp50, was cloned and sequenced. Analyses have shown the protein to contain a modular structure consisting of an N-terminal CBM33 domain, two copies of a fibronectin-like domain and a C-terminal chitin binding domain classified as CBM5. The Cbp50 protein was heterologously expressed in Escherichia coli, purified and assessed for chitin binding activity. A deletion mutant (CBD-N; containing only the N-terminal CBM33 domain) of Cbp50 was produced to... Antonie van Leeuwenhoek journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4910928 Mon, 06 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4910928 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4910932&cid=s_37667_77_f&fid=37667&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21638110%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Mishra A, Chauhan PS, Chaudhry V, Tripathi M, Nautiyal CS Plant growth promoting Pantoea agglomerans NBRISRM (NBRISRM) was able to produce 60.4 μg/ml indole acetic acid and solubilize 77.5 μg/ml tri-calcium phosphate under in vitro conditions. Addition of 2% NaCl (w/v) in the media induced the IAA production and phosphate solubilization by 11% and 7%, respectively. For evaluating the plant growth promotory effect of NBRISRM inoculation a micro plot trial was conducted using maize and chickpea as host plants. The results revealed significant increase in all growth parameters tested in NBRISRM inoculated maize and chickpea plants, which were further confirmed by higher macronutrients (N, P and K) accumulation as compared to un-inoculated controls. Throughout the growing seas... Antonie van Leeuwenhoek journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4910932 Thu, 02 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4910932 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4910931&cid=s_37667_77_f&fid=37667&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21638111%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Azevedo NF, Jardim T, Almeida C, Cerqueira L, Almeida AJ, Rodrigues F, Keevil CW, Vieira MJ Staphylococcus epidermidis is considered to be one of the most common causes of nosocomial bloodstream infections, particularly in immune-compromised individuals. Here, we report the development and application of a novel peptide nucleic acid probe for the specific detection of S. epidermidis by fluorescence in situ hybridization. The theoretical estimates of probe matching specificity and sensitivity were 89 and 87%, respectively. More importantly, the probe was shown not to hybridize with closely related species such as Staphylococcus aureus. The method was subsequently successfully adapted for the detection of S. epidermidis in mixed-species blood cultures both by microscopy and flow... Antonie van Leeuwenhoek journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4910931 Thu, 02 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4910931 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4910930&cid=s_37667_77_f&fid=37667&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21638112%26dopt%3DAbstract This study reports a novel study of marine biofilm formation comprising aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. Samples of quartz and feldspar, minerals commonly found on the earth, were suspended 5 m deep in the North Sea off the east coast of St. Andrews, Scotland for 5 weeks. The assemblage of organisms attached to these stones was cultivated under aerobic and anaerobic conditions in the laboratory. Bacteria isolated on Marine Agar 2216 were all Gram-negative and identified to genus level by sequencing the gene encoding 16S rRNA. Colwellia, Maribacter, Pseudoaltermonas and Shewanella were observed in aerobically-grown cultures while Vibrio was found to be present in both aerobic and anaerobic cultures. The obligate anaerobic bacterium Psychrilyobacter atlanticus, a recently defined genus, was... Antonie van Leeuwenhoek journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4910930 Thu, 02 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4910930 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4910929&cid=s_37667_77_f&fid=37667&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21638113%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Sanssouci E, Lerat S, Grondin G, Shareck F, Beaulieu C The Streptomyces coelicolor genome contains 17 TerD domain-encoding genes (tdd genes) of unknown function. The proteins encoded by these genes have been presumed to be involved in tellurite resistance on the basis of their homology with the protein TerD of Serratia marcescens. To elucidate the role of a Tdd protein (Tdd8), both a deletion mutant for the corresponding gene tdd8 (SCO2368) and a recombinant strain over-expressing tdd8 were produced in S. coelicolor M145. The deletion mutant (Δtdd8), like the wild strain, was not resistant to potassium tellurite. The deletion was not lethal but had a marked effect on differentiation. The deletion strain showed more rapid growth in liquid medium and produced long chains of sho... Antonie van Leeuwenhoek journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4910929 Thu, 02 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4910929 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4910933&cid=s_37667_77_f&fid=37667&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21626092%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Teertstra WR, Krijgsheld P, Wösten HA The rep1 gene of the maize pathogen Ustilago maydis encodes a pre-pro-protein that is processed in the secretory pathway into 11 peptides. These so-called repellents form amphipathic amyloid fibrils at the surface of aerial hyphae. A SG200 strain in which the rep1 gene is inactivated (∆rep1 strain) is affected in aerial hyphae formation. We here assessed changes in global gene expression as a consequence of the inactivation of the rep1 gene. Microarray analysis revealed that only 31 genes in the ∆rep1 SG200 strain had a fold change in expression of ≥2. Twenty-two of these genes were up-regulated and half of them encode small secreted proteins (SSPs) with unknown functions. Seven of the SSP genes and two other genes that are over-exp... Antonie van Leeuwenhoek journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4910933 Fri, 27 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4910933 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4910934&cid=s_37667_77_f&fid=37667&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21618050%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Péter G, Dlauchy D, Tornai-Lehoczki J, Gouliamova D, Kurtzman CP Four ascosporulating strains of an undescribed methanol-assimilating yeast species were isolated from forest habitats in Hungary. Three were recovered from rotten wood and one from leaves of a sessile oak (Quercus petraea). An additional isolate of the undescribed species sharing similar phenotypic characters with the above-noted strains was recovered from the gut of an unidentified beetle collected from under the bark of a coniferous tree in Bulgaria. A closely related, but somewhat divergent strain was recovered from insect frass in a Ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) collected in New Mexico, USA. Analysis of the D1/D2 sequences of the LSU rRNA gene placed the new species in the Ogataea clade. The ITS and the D... Antonie van Leeuwenhoek journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4910934 Thu, 26 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4910934 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4910935&cid=s_37667_77_f&fid=37667&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21614495%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: de A Ribeiro JR, de Carvalho PM, de S Cabral A, Macrae A, Mendonça-Hagler LC, Berbara RL, Hagler AN A novel yeast species within the Metschnikowiaceae is described based on a strain from the sugarcane (Saccharum sp.) rhizoplane of an organically managed farm in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The D1/D2 domain of the large subunit ribosomal RNA gene sequence analysis showed that the closest related species were Candida tsuchiyae with 86.2% and Candida thailandica with 86.7% of sequence identity. All three are anamorphs in the Clavispora opuntiae clade. The name Candida middelhoveniana sp. nov. is proposed to accommodate this highly divergent organism with the type strain Instituto de Microbiologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (IMUFRJ) 51965(T) (=Centraalbureau voor Schimmel... Antonie van Leeuwenhoek journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4910935 Wed, 25 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4910935 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4910936&cid=s_37667_77_f&fid=37667&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21611767%26dopt%3DAbstract We report here the distribution of the sap and eag genes in B. thuringiensis. Strains in the Bacillus cereus group were added for comparison purposes. We show that sap and eag are either present in tandem in 35% of the B. thuringiensis strains analysed and absent in 65% of the strains. When absent, a different tandem, the lytB/lytA cell wall hydrolase genes, is present. The distribution of the sap and eag S-layer and the lytB/lytA cell wall hydrolase genes is not species-specific in B. thuringiensis, B. cereus and Bacillus weihenstephanensis. Bacillus anthracis and Bacillus mycoides harbor sap and eag but not lytB/lytA. The sap, eag and lytB/lytA genes were absent in Bacillus pseudomycoides. Clearly, the distribution of the sap and eag S-layer and the lytB/lytA cell wall hydrolase genes in... Antonie van Leeuwenhoek journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4910936 Tue, 24 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4910936 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4859762&cid=s_37667_77_f&fid=37667&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21604204%26dopt%3DAbstract This study was conducted to characterize the diversity of microbial communities in marine sediments of the South China Sea by means of 16S rRNA gene clone libraries. The results revealed that the sediment samples collected in summer harboured a more diverse microbial community than that collected in winter, Deltaproteobacteria dominated 16S rRNA gene clone libraries from both seasons, followed by Gammaproteobacteria, Acidobacteria, Nitrospirae, Planctomycetes, Firmicutes. Archaea phylotypes were also found. The majority of clone sequences shared greatest similarity to uncultured organisms, mainly from hydrothermal sediments and cold seep sediments. In addition, the sedimentary microbial communities in the coastal sea appears to be much more diverse than that of the open sea. A spatial patt... Antonie van Leeuwenhoek journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4859762 Sat, 21 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4859762 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4859763&cid=s_37667_77_f&fid=37667&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21604047%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study we used a proteomics and bioinformatics approach to decipher the proteome changes related to sustained growth at low temperatures to increase our understanding of cold adaptation mechanisms in A. ferrooxidans strains. Changes in protein abundance in response to low temperatures (5 and 15°C) were monitored and protein analyses of a psychrotrophic strain (D6) versus a mesophilic strain (F1) showed that both strains increased levels of 11 stress-related and metabolic proteins including survival protein SurA, trigger factor Tig, and AhpC-Tsa antioxidant proteins. However, a unique set of changes in the proteome of psychrotrophic strain D6 were observed. In particular, the importance of protein fate, membrane transport and structure for psychrotrophic growth were evident with inc... Antonie van Leeuwenhoek journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4859763 Fri, 20 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4859763 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4859764&cid=s_37667_77_f&fid=37667&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21598011%26dopt%3DAbstract This study focuses on V. parahaemolyticus and its close relative Vibrio alginolyticus in the North Sea (Helgoland Roads, Germany). Free-living, plankton-attached and shellfish-associated Vibrio spp. were quantified between May 2008 and January 2010. CFUs up to 4.3 × 10(3) N l(-1) and MPNs up to 240 N g(-1) were determined. Phylogenetic classification based on rpoB gene sequencing revealed V. alginolyticus as the dominant Vibrio species at Helgoland Roads, followed by V. parahaemolyticus. We investigated the intraspecific diversity of V. parahaemolyticus and V. alginolyticus using ERIC-PCR. The fingerprinting disclosed three distinct groups at Helgoland Roads, representing V. parahaemolyticus, V. alginolyticus and one group in between. The species V. parahaemolyticus occurred mainly ... Antonie van Leeuwenhoek journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4859764 Thu, 19 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4859764 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4859765&cid=s_37667_77_f&fid=37667&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21594685%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Miao Q, Qin S, Bian GK, Yuan B, Xing K, Zhang YJ, Li Q, Tang SK, Li WJ, Jiang JH A novel actinomycete, designated KLBMP 1221(T), was isolated from the surface-sterilized seeds of an oil-seed plant Jatropha curcas L. collected from Sichuan Province, south-west China and was characterized taxonomically by using a polyphasic approach. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequence showed that this strain formed a distinct phyletic line within the radiation of the genus Amycolatopsis. The 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity indicated that strain KLBMP 1221(T) was most closely related to Amycolatopsis eurytherma NT202(T) (98.9%), Amycolatopsis tucumanensis ABO(T) (98.8%), Amycolatopsis thermoflava N1165(T) (98.6%) and Amycolatopsis methanolica IMSNU 20055(T) (98.5%). Strain KL... Antonie van Leeuwenhoek journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4859765 Wed, 18 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4859765 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4859766&cid=s_37667_77_f&fid=37667&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21567153%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, we characterized a DNA region which is present in some Cronobacter strains and which contributes to their prolonged survival at 58°C. The 18 kbp long region containing 22 open reading frames was sequenced in Cronobacter sakazakii ATCC 29544. The major feature of the region contained a cluster of conserved genes, most of them having significant homologies with bacterial proteins involved in some type of stress response, including heat, oxidation and acid stress. The same thermoresistance DNA region was detected in strains belonging to the genera Cronobacter, Enterobacter, Citrobacter and Escherichia and its presence positively correlated with increased thermotolerance. PMID: 21567153 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Antonie van Leeuwenhoek) Antonie van Leeuwenhoek journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4859766 Thu, 12 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4859766 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4804694&cid=s_37667_77_f&fid=37667&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21553308%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Vaz-Moreira I, Egas C, Nunes OC, Manaia CM Compared with culture-independent approaches, traditionally used culture-dependent methods have a limited capacity to characterize water microbiota. Nevertheless, for almost a century the latter have been optimized to detect and quantify relevant bacteria. A pertinent question is if culture-independent diversity surveys give merely an extended perspective of the bacterial diversity or if, even with a higher coverage, focus on a different set of organisms. We compared the diversity and phylogeny of bacteria in a freshwater sample recovered by currently used culture-dependent and culture-independent methods (DGGE and 454 pyrosequencing). The culture-dependent diversity survey presented lower coverage than the other methods. However, it ... Antonie van Leeuwenhoek journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4804694 Sat, 07 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4804694 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4804693&cid=s_37667_77_f&fid=37667&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21553309%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, the most common ophiostomatoid fungi associated with the lodgepole pine beetle, Dendroctonus murrayanae, were characterized. Pre-emergent and post-attack adult beetles were collected from lodgepole pines at four sites in British Columbia, Canada. Fungi were isolated from these beetles and identified using a combination of morphology and DNA sequence comparisons of five gene regions. In all four populations, Grosmannia aurea was the most common associate (74-100% of all beetles) followed closely by Ophiostoma abietinum (29-75%). Other fungi isolated, in order of their relative prevalence with individual beetles were an undescribed Leptographium sp. (0-13%), Ophiostoma ips (0-15%), Ophiostoma piliferum (0-11%), a Pesotum sp. (0-11%) and Ophiostoma floccosum (0-1%). Comparisons... Antonie van Leeuwenhoek journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4804693 Sat, 07 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4804693 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4804696&cid=s_37667_77_f&fid=37667&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21503712%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Anan Ina LN, Yastrebova OV, Demakov VA, Plotnikova EG Eight moderately halotolerant naphthalene-degrading strains of the genus Rhodococcus isolated from soil samples and slime pit bottom sediment of the Verkhnekamsk salt mining region of Russia were characterized by PCR amplification of repetitive bacterial DNA elements (rep-PCR) and identified by 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequence analysis. The diversity of their dioxygenase (nar-like) genes was investigated as these genes are known to be involved in naphthalene-degradation. The analysis of the nar-like genes identified revealed their heterogeneity in the strains under study and identity to the known sequences of nar-like genes of previously characterized from members of the genus Rhodococcus. PMID: 21503712 [PubMed - as sup... Antonie van Leeuwenhoek journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4804696 Mon, 18 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4804696 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4804695&cid=s_37667_77_f&fid=37667&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21503713%26dopt%3DAbstract We report detailed phylogenetic analyses on Thermotogae species based on concatenated sequences for many ribosomal as well as other conserved proteins that identify a number of distinct clades within this phylum. Additionally, comprehensive analyses of protein sequences from Thermotogae genomes have identified >60 Conserved Signature Indels (CSI) that are specific for the Thermotogae phylum or its different subgroups. Eighteen CSIs in important proteins such as PolI, RecA, TrpRS and ribosomal proteins L4, L7/L12, S8, S9, etc. are uniquely present in various Thermotogae species and provide molecular markers for the phylum. Many CSIs were specific for a number of Thermotogae subgroups. Twelve of these CSIs were specific for a clade consisting of various Thermotoga species except Tt. letti... Antonie van Leeuwenhoek journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4804695 Mon, 18 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4804695 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4804697&cid=s_37667_77_f&fid=37667&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21479845%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Koowadjanakul N, Jindamorakot S, Yongmanitchai W, Limtong S Five strains (LN12, LN14(T), LN15(T), LN16 and LN17(T)) representing three novel methylotrophic yeast species were isolated from the external surface of plant leaves by three-consecutive enrichments. On the basis of morphological, biochemical, physiological and chemotaxonomic characteristics, the sequence analysis of the D1/D2 domain of the large subunit (LSU) rRNA gene and the phylogenetic analysis, the five strains were assigned to be one novel Ogataea species and two novel Candida species. Three strains (LN12, LN14(T) and LN16) represent a single novel species of the genus Ogataea, for which the name Ogataea phyllophila sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is LN14(T) (= BCC 42666(T) = NBRC 107780(T) = CBS 120... Antonie van Leeuwenhoek journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4804697 Sat, 09 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4804697 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4804698&cid=s_37667_77_f&fid=37667&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21442351%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Fischer MJ, Pensec F, Demangeat G, Farine S, Chong J, Ramírez-Suero M, Mazet F, Bertsch C The control of grapevine pathogens is a rising concern in Vitis vinifera culture. The current international trend is toward banning chemicals that are highly toxic to the environment and human workers, and adopting tighter regulations. We evaluated the impact of saponins on three kinds of organisms found in grapevine culture. The ectoparasitic nematode Xiphinema index, the parasitic fungus Botrytis cinerea and various yeast strains representative of the must fermentation population were incubated on synthetic media supplemented with variable concentrations of Quillaja saponaria saponins. Saponins induced reduction in the growth of B. cinerea and showed nematicide effects on X. index. The... Antonie van Leeuwenhoek journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4804698 Sat, 26 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4804698 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4641906&cid=s_37667_77_f&fid=37667&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21431983%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Shannon KE, Saleh-Lakha S, Burton DL, Zebarth BJ, Goyer C, Trevors JT The effect of glucose addition (0 and 500 μg C g(-1) soil) and nitrate (NO(3)) addition (0, 10, 50 and 500 μg NO(3)-N g(-1) soil) on nitric oxide reductase (cnorB) gene abundance and mRNA levels, and cumulative denitrification were quantified over 48 h in anoxic soils inoculated with Pseudomonas mandelii. Addition of glucose-C significantly increased cnorB ( p ) (P. mandelii and related species) mRNA levels and abundance compared with soil with no glucose added, averaged over time and NO(3) addition treatments. Without glucose addition, cnorB ( p ) mRNA levels were higher when 500 μg NO(3)-N g(-1) soil was added compared with other NO(3) additions. In treatments with glucose added, addition of 50�... Antonie van Leeuwenhoek journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4641906 Thu, 24 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4641906 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4641908&cid=s_37667_77_f&fid=37667&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21424170%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Nielsen MB, Kjeldsen KU, Ingvorsen K PMID: 21424170 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Antonie van Leeuwenhoek) Antonie van Leeuwenhoek journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4641908 Sat, 19 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4641908 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4641909&cid=s_37667_77_f&fid=37667&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21416335%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Yoon J, Oku N, Park S, Kasai H, Yokota A A strictly aerobic, gram-negative, non-motile, reddish-pink pigmented, rod-shaped strain designated N5EA6-3A2B(T), was isolated from an unidentified marine sponge by use of a bait-streaked agar technique. Phylogenetic analyses based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence revealed that the novel isolate represented a distinct and deep evolutionary lineage of descent in the family Flammeovirgaceae within the phylum Bacteroidetes and clustered with as yet uncultured bacteria. The most closely related established species was Roseivirga spongicola UST030701-084(T) (89% sequence similarity) in the family of Flammeovirgaceae. The strain could be differentiated phenotypically and physiologically from recognized members of the family Flammeovirgaceae. Th... Antonie van Leeuwenhoek journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4641909 Fri, 18 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4641909 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4641910&cid=s_37667_77_f&fid=37667&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21409554%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Raichand R, Kaur I, Singh NK, Mayilraj S A gram-negative, motile, straight to curved rod shaped, pink pigmented bacterium was isolated from a soil sample collected from the rhizosphere of an Indian medicinal plant, Nerium indicum (Chuvanna arali) and subjected to a detailed polyphasic taxonomic study. The strain, designated as IMTB-1969(T), matched with most of the phenotypic and chemotaxonomic properties of the genus Pontibacter and represents a novel species. The major fatty acids of the strain were monounsaturated iso/anteiso branched C17 fatty acids (45.1%) and iso-C15:0 (16.5%). MK-7 was the predominant isoprenoid quinone. According to 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, strain IMTB-1969(T) was indicated to belonged to the phylum Bacteroidetes and further phylogenetic analys... Antonie van Leeuwenhoek journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4641910 Wed, 16 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4641910 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4641911&cid=s_37667_77_f&fid=37667&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21400121%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Guan TW, Xia ZF, Xiao J, Wu N, Chen ZJ, Zhang LL, Zhang XP A novel actinomycete strain, designated TRM 40137(T), was isolated from a hypersaline habitat in Xinjiang Province, north-west China, and subjected to a polyphasic taxonomic study. The strain was aerobic, Gram-positive and the optimum NaCl concentration for growth was 4-5% (w/v). Phylogenetic analysis showed that strain TRM 40137(T) has a 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity of 95.02% with the described species Glycomyces sambucus E71(T) and can be distinguished from all previously described representatives of the genus Glycomyces. The whole-cell sugar pattern consisted of xylose and galactose. The predominant menaquinone was MK-10(H(2)) and the major fatty acids were anteiso-C15:0 and anteiso-C17:0. The phospholipid pat... Antonie van Leeuwenhoek journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4641911 Sat, 12 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4641911 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4580576&cid=s_37667_77_f&fid=37667&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21380504%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, the bacterial community present in the rhizosphere of an important oilseed legume, Arachis hypogaea (L.) was described with respect to adjoining bulk soil as a baseline control using a 16S rDNA based metagenomic approach. Significantly higher abundance of Gamma-proteobacteria, a prevalence of Bacillus and the Cytophaga-Flavobacteria group of Bacteroidetes and absence of the Rhizobiaceae family of Alpha-proteobacteria were the major features observed in the matured Arachis-rhizosphere. The functional characterization of the rhizosphere-competent bacteria was performed using culture-dependent determination of phenotypes. Most bacterial isolates from the groundnut-rhizosphere exhibited multiple biochemical activities associated with plant growth and disease control. Validation ... Antonie van Leeuwenhoek journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4580576 Sat, 05 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4580576 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4580575&cid=s_37667_77_f&fid=37667&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21380505%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Suh SO, Zhou JJ Three ascosporogenous yeast strains were isolated from the gut of the passalid beetle, Odontotaenius disjunctus, inhabiting on rotten oak trees. DNA sequence comparison and other taxonomic characteristics identified the strains as a novel species in the genus Kazachstania. The name Kazachstania intestinalis sp. nov. (type strain EH085(T) = ATCC MYA-4658(T) = CBS 11839(T)) is proposed for the strains. The yeast is homothallic, producing persistent asci with 1-4 spheroidal ascospores. Molecular phylogeny from ribosomal RNA gene sequences placed this novel species on the basal lineage of a clade including Kazachstania lodderae, Kazachstania exigua, Kazachstania martiniae, and other related Kazachstania spp., but none of those species was a close sister to K. i... Antonie van Leeuwenhoek journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4580575 Sat, 05 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4580575 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4580577&cid=s_37667_77_f&fid=37667&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21374042%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Xie Q, Hong K, Goodfellow M Little is known about the genus Verrucosispora though it does contain organisms which produce novel antibiotics. A set of genus-specific oligonucleotide primers was generated to gain an insight into the presence, distribution and taxonomic diversity of members of this genus in diverse samples taken from marine habitats. In silico and pure culture studies showed that the primers matched perfectly with target sequences of the 16S rRNA genes of representatives of the genus Verrucosispora. The primers, designated S-G-Verr-0195-a-S-20 and S-G-Verr-1152-a-A-18, amplified an ≈960 bp stretch of the 16S rRNA genes of Verrucosispora strains but not those of representatives of other genera classified in the family Micromonosporaceae. Genus-specific amplicon... Antonie van Leeuwenhoek journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4580577 Fri, 04 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4580577 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4580578&cid=s_37667_77_f&fid=37667&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21359849%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Burgaud G, Arzur D, Sampaio JP, Barbier G A novel species in the genus Candida was obtained from deep-sea hydrothermal fields on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. Strains Mo39, MARY089 and CBS 5307, respectively, isolated from an unidentified deep-sea coral collected near Rainbow hydrothermal vent, from water samples near Menez Gwen hydrothermal field and from the stomach of a marine fish are considered as a novel taxon. Sequence similarities in the D1/D2 region of the 26S rRNA gene indicated that strains Mo39, MARY089 and CBS 5307 have for closest neighbors Candida spencermartinsiae, Candida taylorii, Candida atmosphaerica and Candida atlantica. The strains, respectively, differ from C. spencermartinsiae, C. taylorii, C. atmosphaerica andCandida atlantica by 4, 4.3, 4.3 and 4.7% in the... Antonie van Leeuwenhoek journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4580578 Sun, 27 Feb 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4580578 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4580579&cid=s_37667_77_f&fid=37667&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21359663%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Rodrigues CF, Hilário A, Cunha MR, Weightman AJ, Webster G Frenulates are a group of gutless marine annelids belonging to the Siboglinidae that are nutritionally dependent upon endosymbiotic bacteria. We have characterized the bacteria associated with several frenulate species from mud volcanoes in the Gulf of Cadiz by PCR-DGGE of bacterial 16S rRNA genes, coupled with analysis of 16S rRNA gene libraries. In addition to the primary symbiont, bacterial consortia (microflora) were found in all species analysed. Phylogenetic analyses indicate that the primary symbiont in most cases belongs to the Gammaproteobacteria and were related to thiotrophic and methanotrophic symbionts from other marine invertebrates, whereas members of the microflora were related to multiple bacterial ph... Antonie van Leeuwenhoek journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4580579 Sat, 26 Feb 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4580579 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4580580&cid=s_37667_77_f&fid=37667&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21350883%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: de Barros Pita W, Leite FC, de Souza Liberal AT, Simões DA, de Morais MA The yeast Dekkera bruxellensis has been regarded as a contamination problem in industrial ethanol production because it can replace the originally inoculated Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains. The present study deals with the influence of nitrate on the relative competitiveness of D. bruxellensis and S. cerevisiae in sugar cane ethanol fermentations. The industrial strain D. bruxellensis GDB 248 showed higher growth rates than S. cerevisiae JP1 strain in mixed ammonia/nitrate media, and nitrate assimilation genes were only slightly repressed by ammonia. These characteristics rendered D. bruxellensis cells with an ability to overcome S. cerevisiae populations in both synthetic medium and in sugar cane juic... Antonie van Leeuwenhoek journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4580580 Fri, 25 Feb 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4580580 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4580581&cid=s_37667_77_f&fid=37667&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21340651%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Kim BC, Kim MN, Lee KH, Kim HS, Min SR, Shin KS An agarolytic bacterium, designated as strain M5c(T), was isolated from sea sand in Jeju Island, Korea. This isolate was Gram-negative, positive for catalase and oxidase, rod and motile by means of monotrichous flagella. Strain M5c(T) has translucent or dark ivory colonies, forms a dent on an agar plate under colonies, and grows in the presence of 1-12% (w/v) NaCl and at 10-37°C. This isolate hydrolyzes agar, alginic acid, carboxymethyl (CM)-cellulose and starch. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain M5c(T) can be considered as a species within the genus Gilvimarinus, being most closely related to Gilvimarinus chinensis QM42(T), with a 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity of 95.6%. The major cell... Antonie van Leeuwenhoek journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4580581 Tue, 22 Feb 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4580581 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4580582&cid=s_37667_77_f&fid=37667&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21337029%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Olejníková P, Hudecová D, Burgstaller W, Kryštofová S, Varečka L Submerged growth of Trichoderma atroviride CCM F 534 on glucose-containing medium was accompanied by the excretion of organic acids (succinate, citrate, alpha-ketoglutarate, fumarate, aconitate). The excretion of succinate was transient. After 48-72 h cultivation, millimolar amounts of succinate disappeared from the medium. We studied the mechanism of the removal of succinate from the medium and demonstrated the activation of the inward transport of succinate by submerged mycelia. This transport was carrier-mediated, had a low solute specificity, and was driven by proton-motive force. The last aspect was provided by the activation of the H(+)-ATPase, as documented by measurements of ATPase activity and exp... Antonie van Leeuwenhoek journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4580582 Sun, 20 Feb 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4580582 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4580583&cid=s_37667_77_f&fid=37667&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21336595%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Zhao GZ, Li J, Zhu WY, Li XP, Tian SZ, Zhao LX, Xu LH, Li WJ During the course of our research on new actinobacterial sources, a novel actinomycete strain YIM 63101(T) was isolated from the surface-sterilized roots of Artemisia annua L. collected from Xishuangbanna, Yunnan province, south-west China and characterized by using a polyphasic approach. The strain formed well-differentiated aerial and substrate mycelia. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain YIM 63101(T) belongs to the genus Pseudonocardia, with highest similarity to "Pseudonocardia artemisiae YIM 63587(T)" (99.4%). Sequence similarities between strain YIM 63101(T) and the other Pseudonocardia species ranged from 97.0 (Pseudonocardia saturnea IMSNU 20052(T)) to 94.0% (Pseudonocard... Antonie van Leeuwenhoek journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4580583 Sat, 19 Feb 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4580583 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4580585&cid=s_37667_77_f&fid=37667&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21327475%26dopt%3DAbstract The objective of this study was the characterisation of the S-layer protein (SlpA) and its functional role in the probiotic activity of Lactobacillus helveticus M92. SlpA was isolated and identified by SDS-PAGE LC-MS/MS analysis. The slpA gene encoding the SlpA from L. helveticus M92 was sequenced and compared with other well characterised slpA genes. Sequence similarity searches revealed high homology with the SlpA of Lactobacillus strains. Purified SlpA showed significantly better immunomodulatory effects in orally immunised mice than L. helveticus M92 cells after SlpA removal. SlpA is involved in the autoaggregation of L. helveticus M92 cells and coaggregation of L. helveticus M92 with S. Typhimurium FP1 as these processes were negatively affected after SlpA removal from the cell surfac... Antonie van Leeuwenhoek journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4580585 Tue, 15 Feb 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4580585 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4580584&cid=s_37667_77_f&fid=37667&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21327476%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Lin SY, Shen FT, Young CC The modern agricultural practice utilizing plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) has brought great benefits in the promotion of crop growth. Among PGPR, Azospirillum is considered as an important genus which is not only closely-associated with plants but also shows potential in the degradation of organic contaminants. However, lack of media for selective isolation or techniques for specific detection or identification limit the exploration of these rhizobacteria. This motivated us to design a genus-specific oligonucleotide primer pair which could assist in rapid detection of species of the genus Azospirillum by means of PCR-specific amplification. The sensitivity and specificity of the newly designed primer pair Azo494-F/Azo756-R were tested aga... Antonie van Leeuwenhoek journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4580584 Tue, 15 Feb 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4580584 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4580586&cid=s_37667_77_f&fid=37667&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21318423%26dopt%3DAbstract This study investigated the diversity and dynamics of yeasts involved in alcoholic fermentation of a traditional sorghum beer from Côte d'Ivoire, tchapalo. A total of 240 yeast strains were isolated from fermenting sorghum wort inoculated with dry yeast from two geographic regions of Côte d'Ivoire (Abidjan and Bondoukou). Initial molecular identification to the species level was carried out using RFLP of PCR-amplified internal transcribed spacers of rDNA (ITS1-5.8S-ITS2). Ten different profiles were obtained from the restriction of PCR products with the three endonucleases HaeIII, CfoI and HinfI. Sequence analysis of the D1/D2 domain of the 26S rDNA and the ACT1 gene allowed us to assign these groups to six different species: Saccharomyces cerevisiae-like, Candida tropicalis, Pichia kudr... Antonie van Leeuwenhoek journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4580586 Sat, 12 Feb 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4580586 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4471329&cid=s_37667_77_f&fid=37667&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21311971%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Limtong S, Jindamorakot S, Am-In S, Kaewwichian R, Nitiyon S, Yongmanitchai W, Nakase T Three yeast stains were isolated from two unknown fruits (strains DD2-22-1(T) and SK44) and moss (strain ST-449) in Thailand. Analysis of the D1/D2 domain of the large subunit (LSU) rRNA gene sequences of the three strains revealed that they belonged to the same species. In terms of pairwise sequence similarity, Candida cf. glabrata UWO(PS) 98-110.4 and Candida nivariensis were the closest undescribed and recognized taxa, but the levels of nucleotide substitutions were 1.7-1.9% and 2.0-2.2%, respectively. The levels of nucleotide substitutions were sufficient to justify the description of a separate species of Candida. In the phylogenetic tree based on the D1/D2 domain of the LSU rRNA gene ... Antonie van Leeuwenhoek journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4471329 Fri, 11 Feb 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4471329 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4471330&cid=s_37667_77_f&fid=37667&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21308410%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Xu L, Shi JF, Zhao P, Chen WM, Qin W, Tang M, Wei GH Four gram-negative, aerobic, motile, non-spore, forming rods with a wide pH and temperature range for growth (pH 7.0-11.0, optimum pH 8.0; 20-45°C, optimum 28°C) strains were isolated from root nodules of Sphaerophysa salsula and characterized by means of a polyphasic approach. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that the four strains formed a new lineage related to the genus Rhizobium and the sequence similarities between the isolate and the most related type strain Rhizobium giardinii was 96.5%. These strains also formed a distinctive group from the reference strains for defined Rhizobium species based on housekeeping gene sequences (atpD and recA), BOX-PCR fingerprinting, phenotypic features ... Antonie van Leeuwenhoek journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4471330 Thu, 10 Feb 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4471330 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4471331&cid=s_37667_77_f&fid=37667&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21293926%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Mokracka J, Koczura R, Jabłońska L, Kaznowski A We investigated phylogenetic affiliation, occurrence of virulence genes and quinolone resistance in 109 integron-containing strains of Escherichia coli isolated from a wastewater treatment plant. Selection for integron-bearing strains caused a shift toward phylogroup D, which was most numerous, followed by A, B1 and B2. Phylogroups D and B2, both of which are reported to include virulent extraintestinal pathotypes, made up 50.5% of all isolates and were present in every stage of wastewater treatment, including final effluent. Diarrheagenic pathotypes made up 21% of the strains. The average virulence factor genes score was low (1.40) and the range was from 0 to 5. Quinolone and fluoroquinolone resistance was observed in 56.0% an... Antonie van Leeuwenhoek journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4471331 Fri, 04 Feb 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4471331 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4471332&cid=s_37667_77_f&fid=37667&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21287404%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, a new pair of degenerate primers targeting the cyclase genes that are involved in the aromatization of the first and/or second ring of angucycline, were designed and evaluated in a PCR protocol targeting the jadomycin cyclase gene of Streptomyces venezuelae ISP5230. The identity of the target amplicon was confirmed by sequencing. After validation, the primers were used to screen 49 actinomycete isolates from three different marine sponges to identify putative angucycline producers. Seven isolates were positively identified using this method. Sequence analysis of the positive amplicons confirmed their identity as putative angucycline cyclases with sequence highly similar to known angucycline cyclases. Phylogenetic analysis clustered these positives into the angucycline group ... Antonie van Leeuwenhoek journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4471332 Thu, 03 Feb 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4471332 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4471333&cid=s_37667_77_f&fid=37667&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21286809%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Mucha J Patterns of phenoloxidase activity can be used to characterize fungi of different life styles, and changes in phenoloxidase synthesis were suspected to play a role in the interaction between ectomycorrhizal and two species of Trichoderma. Confrontation between the ectomycorrhizal fungi Amanita muscaria and Laccaria laccata with species of Trichoderma resulted in induction of laccase synthesis, and the laccase enzyme was bound to mycelia of ectomycorrhizal fungi. Tyrosinase release was noted only during interaction of L. laccata strains with Trichoderma harzianum and T. virens. Ectomycorrhizal fungi, especially strains of Suillus bovinus and S. luteus, inhibited growth of Trichoderma species and caused morphological changes in its colonies in the zone of interaction. In... Antonie van Leeuwenhoek journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4471333 Wed, 02 Feb 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4471333 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4471334&cid=s_37667_77_f&fid=37667&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21279440%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, the boron resistance level of a boron-tolerant bacterium, Bacillus boroniphilus DSM 17376, was improved up to 300 mmol l(-1) boron, by employing an in vivo evolutionary engineering strategy based on batch selection under continuous exposure to gradually increasing boron stress levels. The resistance was heterogeneous within the final mutant population which ranged from about 1- to 16-fold of the wild type resistance at 150 mmol l(-1) boron stress level. Boron-resistant mutants had significant cross-resistance to iron and copper stresses, and were also cross-resistant to salt (NaCl) stress, suggesting a common resistance mechanism between these stress types. Additionally, highly boron-resistant mutants had up to 2.8-fold higher boron contents than the wild-type, when expo... Antonie van Leeuwenhoek journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4471334 Sat, 29 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4471334 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4404163&cid=s_37667_77_f&fid=37667&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21258966%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study the effects of immature wheat grains (IWG), a natural source of fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS), on intestinal microbiota and gastrointestinal function were evaluated. Ileal effluents from three ileostomates were collected for 8 h after IWG-enriched or Control biscuit administration, and then fermented in vitro with human faecal inoculum. On fermentation broths, microbial counts and SCFA were measured. Moreover, we investigated the effect of IWG biscuits on gastric emptying. Twelve healthy volunteers underwent ultrasound measurement of gastric emptying of a standard meal consumed 5 h after a breakfast composed by lactose-free milk and IWG or Control biscuits; hunger and satiety sensations were also evaluated in this period. Bifidobacteria and lactic acid bacteria counts were ... Antonie van Leeuwenhoek journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4404163 Sun, 23 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4404163 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4404164&cid=s_37667_77_f&fid=37667&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21253822%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Deutch CE Staphylococcus saprophyticus strains ATCC 15305, ATCC 35552, and ATCC 49907 were found to require L: -proline but not L: -arginine for growth in a defined culture medium. All three strains could utilize L: -ornithine as a proline source and contained L: -ornithine aminotransferase and Δ(1)-pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase activities; strains ATCC 35552 and ATCC 49907 could use L: -arginine as a proline source and had L: -arginase activity. The proline requirement also could be met by L: -prolinamide, L: -proline methyl ester, and the dipeptides L: -alanyl-L: -proline and L: -leucyl-L: -proline. The bacteria exhibited L: -proline degradative activity as measured by the formation of Δ(1)-pyrroline-5-carboxylate. The specific activity of proline degradation was not a... Antonie van Leeuwenhoek journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4404164 Fri, 21 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4404164 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4404165&cid=s_37667_77_f&fid=37667&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21240675%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: El-Gendy MM, El-Bondkly AM Genome shuffling is a recent development in microbiology. The advantage of this technique is that genetic changes can be made in a microorganism without knowing its genetic background. Genome shuffling was applied to the marine derived bacterium Nocardia sp. ALAA 2000 to achieve rapid improvement of ayamycin production. The initial mutant population was generated by treatment with ethyl methane sulfonate (EMS) combined with UV irradiation of the spores, resulting in an improved population (AL/11, AL/136, AL/213 and AL/277) producing tenfold (150 μg/ml) more ayamycin than the original strain. These mutants were used as the starting strains for three rounds of genome shuffling and after each round improved strains were screened and selected based on ... Antonie van Leeuwenhoek journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4404165 Tue, 18 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4404165 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4404166&cid=s_37667_77_f&fid=37667&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21234681%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Kaur C, Kaur I, Raichand R, Bora TC, Mayilraj S A Gram-positive, pale yellow pigmented actinobacterium, strain S9-65(T) was isolated from a water sample collected from the river Brahmaputra, Assam, India and subjected to a polyphasic taxonomic study. The physiological and biochemical properties, major fatty acids (anteiso-C15:0 and anteiso-C17:0), estimated DNA G+C content (69.2 mol %) and 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed that strain S9-65(T) belonged to the genus Kocuria. Strain S9-65(T) exhibited highest 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity with Kocuria palustris (99.1%); however, the DNA-DNA relatedness value between strain S9-65(T) and K. palustris was 20.6%. On the basis of differential phenotypic characteristics and genotypic distinctiveness, strain S9-65(T) should b... Antonie van Leeuwenhoek journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4404166 Fri, 14 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4404166 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4404168&cid=s_37667_77_f&fid=37667&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21229313%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Muthukumar K, Rajakumar S, Sarkar MN, Nachiappan V The present study was undertaken to determine the role of glutathione peroxidase3 (gpx3) in phospholipid protection in cells. Wild-type (WT) cells showed an overall increase in phospholipids upon 50 μM cadmium (Cd)-treatment, whereas an untreated gpx3Δ strain showed a drastic reduction in overall phospholipids which was further reduced with 50 μM Cd. In WT cells, Cd-exposure increased the short chain fatty acids and decreased the unsaturated fatty acids and the magnitude was high in Cd-treated gpx3Δ cells. Purified recombinant gpx3p showed higher activity with phospholipid hydroperoxides than shorter hydroperoxides. An increase in gpx activity was observed in Cd-treated WT cells and no such alteration was observed in gpx... Antonie van Leeuwenhoek journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4404168 Thu, 13 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4404168