MedWorm.com provides a medical RSS filtering service. Over 6000 RSS medical sources are combined and output via different filters. This feed contains the latest items from the 'Archives of Animal Nutrition' source. Sun, 29 Jan 2012 23:48:36 +0100 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5627713&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22256673%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Mafamane H, Szabó I, Schmidt MF, Filter M, Walk N, Tedin K, Scharek-Tedin L Abstract Although Enterococcus faecium is used as a probiotic feed supplement in animal production, feeding of the bacterium to piglets resulted in a more severe infection with Salmonella Typhimurium DT104 during a challenge experiment. To enlighten the mode of action by which E. faecium affected the piglets' health, we investigated the influence of the probiotic bacterium on the development of intestinal and circulating immune cells during a challenge experiment with S. Typhimurium DT104. To minimise varying impacts of the maternal immunity on the course of infection, only piglets were implemented that descended from Salmonella-free sows. In addition, the potency of purified blood and intraepithe... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5627713 Thu, 01 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5627713 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5627712&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22256674%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Willamil J, Creus E, Pérez JF, Mateu E, Martín-Orúe SM Abstract The main objective of this work was to investigate the potential of a microencapsulated mixture of organic acids (formic and lactic acid) added to the feed of fattening pigs to reduce the prevalence and shedding of Salmonella when arriving to the abattoir. Two trials were performed. In Trial 1, 24 fattening pigs received one of three diets: a control diet, the same diet including lactic and formic acid (0.4% each) (non-protected blend; NPB), or a lipid microencapsulated blend (0.14% each acid) (protected blend; PB). After 10 days, digesta samples from various parts of gastrointestinal tract were taken. No changes were detected either in pH, total short chain fatty acids (SCFA), lactic/formic acid concentrat... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5627712 Thu, 01 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5627712 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5627711&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22256675%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Rink F, Bauer E, Eklund M, Mosenthin R Abstract The bacteria of the intestine have to cope with varying osmotic conditions in their ecosystem. In this in vitro study, the modified Hohenheim gas test (HGT) was used to determine fermentation activity and bacterial composition of pig's faecal microbial inoculum, when fermenting different carbohydrates (inulin, corn starch, potato starch, cellulose, pectin), under normal buffered and osmotic stress conditions (elevated medium salinity). After 24 h of fermentation, gas, ammonia and short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production was measured, and the cell numbers of total eubacteria, Lactobacillus spp., Bifidobacterium spp. and enterobacteria were analysed, using real-time polymerase chain reaction. There was a significant reduction i... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5627711 Thu, 01 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5627711 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5627710&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22256676%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, replacing starch by DF affected surprisingly few metabolites in peripheral plasma. No negative effects were found in feeding pectin residue, sugar beet pulp or potato pulp for gestating sows as judged from the minor metabolic changes. PMID: 22256676 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Archives of Animal Nutrition) Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5627710 Thu, 01 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5627710 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5627709&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22256677%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, Fe-overload and deficiency would influence Fe-metabolism, serum biochemical indexes, oxidation state and hepcidin mRNA abundance in piglet liver. PMID: 22256677 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Archives of Animal Nutrition) Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5627709 Thu, 01 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5627709 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5627708&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22256678%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Lu L, Cheng Q, Chen J, Yang G, Wan C, Zhang Y, Li Q Abstract The present study investigated the effects of dietary sodium on bone growth in young rats. Five-week-old rats were fed one of three different diets for 60 days: low sodium (NaCl, 0.32 g/kg diet), normal sodium (NaCl, 2.6 g/kg) and high sodium (NaCl, 20 g/kg). The proximal tibial metaphysis (PTM), the fifth lumbar vertebra (LV5) and the middle part of the tibia shaft (TX) were analysed by bone histomorphometry. The expression of three osteogenesis genes, Runx2, osteopontin and osteocalcin, was determined by RT-PCR in bone samples from the skull. In both the PTM and LV5, trabecular area and thickness were increased by the low-sodium diet, while the high-sodium diet decreased trabecular area in LV5. Dynamic data rev... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5627708 Thu, 01 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5627708 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5627707&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22256679%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Rubio LA Abstract The portal appearance rates and net rates of amino acids' absorption were studied in rats fed semi-synthetic diets containing either casein or lactalbumin (CAS and LA, respectively) as the only protein sources. Rats were pre-adapted to the experimental diets for 5 days prior to the absorption studies. Rats fed the LA diet had higher (p < 0.05) portal vein concentrations of free essential amino acids than those fed the CAS diet at 0, 60, 105 and 150 min after feeding. Portal and arterial concentrations of arginine, leucine, tryptophan, lysine and methionine were higher (p < 0.05) in rats fed LA at most time points tested, while concentrations of tyrosine were higher (p < 0.05) in CAS fed rats. When portal flow rates were compared, values for argin... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5627707 Thu, 01 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5627707 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5519363&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22164956%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Binter C, Khol-Parisini A, Gerner W, Schäfer K, Hulan HW, Saalmüller A, Zentek J Abstract Fatty acids are essential for immune cell function. Maternal dietary fatty acid supply influences body fat composition of their offspring. As a first step to study immunonutritional interactions at an early age of pigs, four sows were fed a diet containing sunflower oil or oil from seal blubber during pregnancy and lactation. Corresponding piglets were sacrificed at three consecutive time points in the suckling period and their mesenteric lymph nodes and spleen were analysed by gas chromatography for levels of fatty acid. At the same time mononuclear cells of these organs and of the intestinal lymphoid tissue from the jejunum were isolated and subpopulations characterised by flow cy... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5519363 Sat, 01 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5519363 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5519362&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22164957%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Qi X, Wu S, Zhang H, Yue H, Xu S, Ji F, Qi G Abstract To examine the effects of dietary conjugated linoleic acids (CLA) on lipid metabolism and antioxidant capacity in laying hens, Hy-Line Brown layers (n = 384, 52 weeks old) were randomly allocated to one of four dietary treatments. Each treatment had six replicates of 16 hens each. All birds were assigned to a corn-soybean meal-based diet containing a mixture of CLA at 0%, 1%, 2% or 4% for six weeks. With increasing dietary CLA, egg weight and feed intake decreased, and yolk colour was darkened. Feed efficiency was improved at 1% and 2% dietary CLA. Serum triglyceride concentration was significantly reduced by CLA in a dose dependent manner. A linear decrease in total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, ... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5519362 Sat, 01 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5519362 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5519361&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22164958%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Song Z, Zhao T, Liu L, Jiao H, Lin H Abstract The aim of the experiment was to investigate the interaction between Cu intake, inflammatory challenge and oxidative stress in broiler chickens. Furthermore, it was tested whether plasma ceruloplasmin (Cp) could be a sensible parameter for dietary Cu. One hundred forty-four day old chickens were raised on a basal control diet without added copper (Group Cu-6.5, basal Cu content 6.5 mg/kg diet) or a diet supplemented with Cu at 8 or 50 mg/kg (Groups Cu-14.5 and Cu-56.5, respectively) with four replicates of 12 animals for each treatment. Starting on day 21, chickens were injected intraperitoneally with lipopolysaccharides (LPS) once a day for 3 days. Before this challenge, Group Cu-14.5 had the lowest gain and the feed to gain r... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5519361 Sat, 01 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5519361 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5519359&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22164959%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study the effects of maternal folic acid (FA) supplementation on intestinal morphology and gene expressions relating to cell apoptosis and DNA repair of the intestine in intrauterine growth retarded (IUGR) and normal body weight (NBW) piglets were investigated. Twenty-four Yorkshire gilts were randomly allotted to a Control diet (1.8 mg FA per kg) or FA supplemented diet (30.3 mg FA per kg) during pregnancy. The expression of genes encoding DNA methyltransferase-1 (DNMT-1), genes related to cell apoptosis (p53, Bcl-2 and Bax) and genes involved in DNA repair (Mpg, Apex1 and Tdg, firstly cloned in the present study) were investigated by reverse transcription (RT)-PCR in the jejunal section of the intestine. Morphological analysis of middle section of intestine revealed a decreased i... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5519359 Sat, 01 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5519359 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5519358&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22164960%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Remling N, Hachenberg S, Meyer U, Höltershinken M, Flachowsky G, Dänicke S Abstract The aim of the present study was to determine the effects of the potential methane reducer fumaric acid on the fattening performance and acid-base balance of growing bulls fed two different silage types as roughage (maize and grass silage). A total of 62 fattening bulls (German Holstein breed, initial body weight: 266 +/- 42 kg), randomly assigned to eight feeding groups, received four levels of fumaric acid (0, 100, 200 or 300 g/d) at each silage type. The daily feed and water intake and the live weight were measured over the whole testing period of 280 days. In blood samples, blood cells and blood gases as a parameter of acid-base status were analysed. Feed and faeces were collected to ... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5519358 Sat, 01 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5519358 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5519357&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22164961%26dopt%3DAbstract This study indicates that fermentation of NSC as well as EMPS during incubation of maize silage was limited by availability of NH3-N. Furthermore, an increase in MSS above 1 mm seems to improve fermentation of silages in the Rusitec system. PMID: 22164961 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Archives of Animal Nutrition) Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5519357 Sat, 01 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5519357 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5197252&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21888032%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, the study demonstrated a certain potential of DADS to improve fibre digestion and body energy retention and to limit CH4 formation in relation to digestible fibre intake, while lovastatin remained ineffective. PMID: 21888032 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Archives of Animal Nutrition) Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5197252 Sun, 31 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5197252 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5197251&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21888033%26dopt%3DAbstract The objective of the present study was to investigate the hypothesis that 9,10-anthraquinone (AQ) in combination with fumaric acid (FMA) may provide complementary effects to inhibit methanogens and enhance rumen's capacity for better utilisation of FMA towards propionate production. Three levels of AQ and four levels of FMA were tested in a 3 x 4 factorial design using in vitro gas production technique. AQ reduced the total gas and methane production significantly. The combination of 4 ppm AQ with FMA had additive effect on concentration of propionate. Supplementation of AQ alone resulted in hydrogen accumulation (p < 0.001), whereas presence of FMA (up to 6.5 mM) along with AQ declined hydrogen concentration (p < 0.001). The level of 4 ppm AQ did not affect in vitro digestibility, h... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5197251 Sun, 31 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5197251 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5197250&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21888034%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Seip K, Breves G, Isselstein J, Abel H Abstract Four adult rumen-fistulated wether sheep were fed silages combined with barley. The silages consisted of 48% grasses, 28% legumes and 24% other forbs (GCF) or of pure grass (G). The swards received no mineral fertiliser. The dry matter (DM) and fibre contents were lower in GCF than in G. Crude protein content of DM in GCF and G were 145 g/kg and 102 g/kg respectively. DM content as ash, lipids and non-fibrous carbohydrates were rather similar in both silages. About 40g DM were offered per kg BW0.75 and day either as silage alone or as a mixture of silage and barley (60:40). Faecal N excretion was greater with GCF than with G. The proportion of faecal bacterial and endogenous debris N reached 75 and 73% when GCF or G was fed, ... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5197250 Sun, 31 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5197250 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5197249&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21888035%26dopt%3DAbstract This study indicated that dietary keratinase supplementation improved apparent ileal amino acid digestibility for growing pigs and had a positive effect on weight gain, immune response and loin muscle area for nursery pigs. PMID: 21888035 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Archives of Animal Nutrition) Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5197249 Sun, 31 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5197249 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5197248&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21888036%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, LO-DDGS may have decreased energy compared with NO-DDGS because of its lower fat content. However, oil removal during the production of DDGS may not affect amino acid digestibility. PMID: 21888036 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Archives of Animal Nutrition) Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5197248 Sun, 31 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5197248 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5197247&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21888037%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, these findings show that the bioavailability of the two organic zinc compounds did not differ from that of zinc sulphate in growing pigs fed a diet with wheat, barley and soybean meal as major components. PMID: 21888037 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Archives of Animal Nutrition) Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5197247 Sun, 31 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5197247 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5197246&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21888038%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Zhang B, Yang X, Guo Y, Long F Abstract The effects of two sources of dietary lipids and supplementation of Clostridium butyricum on performance and intestinal metabolism of broilers were investigated. In a 2 x 2 factorial arrangement, 168 one-day-old broiler chicks were divided into four treatment groups, and fed four diets with two lipid sources (soya bean oil or fish oil, at 25 g/kg and 30 g/kg in starter and grower diets respectively), and without or with supplementation of C. butyricum (1 x 10(9) colony forming units per kg diet). C. butyricum had no effect on broiler performance. At 20 and 40 d of age, the pH of caecal digesta and the relative length of caecum were decreased after supplementation of C. butyricum (p < 0.05). After this treatment, the activity of al... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5197246 Sun, 31 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5197246 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5071466&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21776835%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Abdel-Fattah F, Gaede W The present study evaluated two previously developed methods for amplification of bovine mtDNA segments of 109 and 271 base pairs (bp) by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Beef samples were sterilised experimentally at different temperatures (126 degrees C, 129 degrees C, 132 degrees C and 135 degrees C). These experimentally sterilised beef samples and nine commercial meat and bone meals (MBM) were mixed to a reference plant concentrate in strengths of 50%, 10%, 5%, and 1%. The results of the following PCR showed that the Bos-109 real-time PCR assay was able to detect all the experimental beef samples with exception of the mixtures of beef heated experimentally to 135 degrees C. In mixtures of industrial MBM bovine DNA were always found. Compa... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5071466 Tue, 31 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5071466 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5071465&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21776836%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Jankowski J, Juśkiewicz J, Zduńczyk Z, Smiecinska K, Kwieciński P The effect of different concentrations of dietary Na from three Na salts (NaCl, NaHCO3 and Na2SO4) was assessed in two experiments carried out on broiler chickens aged from 1 to 35 days. In Exp. 1, diets were supplemented with 0.15, 0.20 and 0.25% Na, which increased the average Na content of the diets to 0.19, 0.24 and 0.30% respectively. In Exp. 2, the amounts of selected Na salts (NaCI and Na2SO4) were reduced and the estimated Na contents of experimental diets amounted to 0.10, 0.13, 0.15 and 0.19%. In view of the risk factors for the development of foot pad dermatitis, our aim was to find an optimum source of Na and to keep dietary Na intake at the minimum level sufficient to support normal growth and ac... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5071465 Tue, 31 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5071465 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5071464&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21776837%26dopt%3DAbstract The objectives of this study were to characterise four essential oils (EO) chemically and to evaluate their effect on ruminal fermentation and methane emission in vitro. The investigated EO were isolated from Achillea santolina, Artemisia judaica, Schinus terebinthifolius and Mentha microphylla, and supplemented at four levels (0, 25, 50 and 75 microl) to 75 ml of buffered rumen fluid plus 0.5 g of substrate. The main components of the EO were piperitone (49.1%) and camphor (34.5%) in A. judaica, 16-dimethyl 15-cyclooactdaiene (60.5%) in A. santolina, piperitone oxide (46.7%) and cis-piperitone oxide (28%) in M. microphylla, and gamma-muurolene (45.3%) and alpha-thujene (16.0%) in S. terebinthifolius. The EO from A. santolina (at 25 and 50 j1), and all levels of A. judaica increased the ga... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5071464 Tue, 31 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5071464 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5071463&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21776838%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Paul SS, Deb SM, Punia BS, Das KS, Singh G, Ashar MN, Kumar R In this investigation, the effects of feeding encapsulated cells (rhizomycelia and zoospores) of a fibrolytic isolate from an anaerobic fungus (Neocallimastix sp. CF 17) on nutrient digestion, ruminal fermentation, microbial populations, enzyme profile and growth performance were evaluated in buffaloes. In three in vitro studies, the true digestibility of wheat straw was increased after addition of CF 17 to buffalo rumen fluid (p < 0.05). In Exp. 1, three groups of six buffaloes each (initial BW [body weight] 148 +/- 12.0 kg) were allotted to three dosing regimes: Group 1 received 200 ml of liquid culture of Neocallimastix sp. CF 17 (about 10(6) TFU [thallus-forming units]/ml); Group 2 received an encapsulated cu... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5071463 Tue, 31 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5071463 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5071462&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21776839%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Zeng B, Tan Z, Tang S, Han X, Tan C, Zhong R, Hea Z, Arigbede OM In the present study, the effects of different forage-to-concentrate ratios (F:C) and an alkyl polyglycoside (APG) supplementation on parameters of rumen and blood metabolism were investigated in goats. A 2 x 2 factorial experiment was arranged within a 4 x 4 Latin square design (four 22-day periods), using four wether goats equipped with permanent ruminal cannulas. The experimental diets included two F:C levels (40:60 vs. 60:40), and two APG supplementation levels (None or 13 ml APG daily per animal). Rumen contents and blood samples were collected at the end of each period. Dietary F:C alteration affected plasma urea and influenced the proportions of leucine, histidine, arginine, glycine, proline, alanine, vali... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5071462 Tue, 31 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5071462 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5071461&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21776840%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Cherdthong A, Wanapat M, Wachirapakorn C In this experiment the effects of different urea products (urea [U] and urea-calcium mixtures [UCM]) on rumen fermentation were investigated in dependence of different energy sources by using in vitro techniques. The 7 x 2 factorial arrangement followed a completely randomised design using seven urea products (U100, U40CaCl2, U50CaCl2, U60CaCl2, U40CaSO4, U50CaSO4 and U60CaSO4) in combination with cassava chips (CC) or corn meal (CM). Compared with other treatments, the cumulative gas production (96 h) was significantly increased for U60CaCl2 + CC and U60CaSO4 + CC (p < 0.01), which was combined with a higher in vitro true digestibility (p < 0.01). In addition, the concentration of volatile fatty acids in the fluid of U60CaCl2 + C... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5071461 Tue, 31 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5071461 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4828463&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21545076%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Pappritz J, Meyer U, Kramer R, Weber EM, Jahreis G, Rehage J, Flachowsky G, Dänicke S The supplementation of conjugated linoleic acids (CLA) to the rations of dairy cows represents an opportunity to reduce the content of milk fat. Therefore, CLA have the potential beneficial effect of reducing energy requirements of the early lactating cow. The present study aimed at the examination of long-term and posttreatment effects of dietary CLA intake on performance, variables of energy metabolism-like plasma levels of non esterified fatty acids (NEFA) and beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB), and fatty acid profile in milk fat. Forty-six pregnant German Holstein cows were assigned to one of three dietary treatments: (1) 100 g/ d of control fat supplement (CON), (2) 50 g/d of control fat supple... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4828463 Thu, 31 Mar 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4828463 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4828462&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21545077%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Novo-Uzal E, Taboada A, Rivera A, Flores G, Barceló AR, Masa A, Pomar F Cell wall-bound hydroxycinnamic acids and the composition of lignin were studied in relation to the digestibility of a collection of 91 maize silages in wethers. Total lignin and guaiacyl content showed the highest correlation coefficients with digestibility. Using the above-mentioned chemical parameters, eight equations were also developed to predict digestibility. The prediction of organic matter digestibility produced a high adjusted R2 value (0.487) using total lignin, guaiacyl, esterified ferulic acid and esterified p-coumaric acid content as predictors. The prediction of in vivo dry matter digestibility produced a higher adjusted R2 value (0.516) using the same variables as predictors. Cell wall dig... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4828462 Thu, 31 Mar 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4828462 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4828461&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21545078%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Susenbeth A, Naatjes M, Blank B, Kühl R, Ader P, Dickhoefer U In cereal-based diets, non-starch polysaccharides (NSP) lower precaecal nutrient absorption and increase endogenous protein and amino acid (AA) losses. Adding exogenous NSP-degrading enzymes aims amongst others to reduce these negative effects and to thereby improve protein and AA supply. However, biased results exist in the literature on their efficacy in growing pigs. Hence, the objective of this study was to analyse the effects of different levels of xylanase and beta-glucanase supplementation. Nitrogen (N) retention from a threonine-limited diet was chosen as an indirect indicator for differences in praecaecal threonine absorption and endogenous protein and AA losses. During three balance periods, 12 male pigs ... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4828461 Thu, 31 Mar 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4828461 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4828460&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21545079%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, offering pigs a high CP-low P, phytase-supplemented diet resulted in a decrease in bone mineralisation. PMID: 21545079 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Archives of Animal Nutrition) Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4828460 Thu, 31 Mar 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4828460 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4828459&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21545080%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Youssef IM, Beineke A, Rohn K, Kamphues J Soybean meal (SBM) is the main protein source in diets for turkeys. High dietary levels of SBM are thought to increase the incidence of foot pad dermatitis (FPD). Therefore, this study was conducted to test potential effects of high SBM and to elucidate which constituents in SBM might be associated with the development of FPD. Two week-old female turkeys were allotted to four groups of 29 birds each, and housed on dry wood shavings in floor pens over a period of three weeks. Four different diets were fed: control, high SBM, high potassium (K) or high oligosaccharide (OL) diet. Additionally, for only 8 h/d half of the animals in each group were exposed to wet litter (27% DM) in adjacent separate boxes. The foot pads of all birds were as... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4828459 Thu, 31 Mar 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4828459 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4828453&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21545081%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Völker D, Hüther L, Daş G, Abel H Based on repeatedly reported extensive pantothenic acid disappearance in the rumen, the present study is aimed at examining if pantothenic acid is used for a more efficient ruminal fermentation and microbial growth in an artificial rumen (Rusitec). Three substrates differing in roughage/concentrate ratio were incubated with and without the addition of Ca-D-pantothenate. Pantothenic acid was extensively degraded without notably influencing fermentation, microbial protein synthesis and the status of other B-vitamins such as riboflavin, vitamin B6 and niacin. Therefore, pantothenic acid supplementation cannot be expected to contribute to microbial benefit for the ruminant animal. PMID: 21545081 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Archives of An... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4828453 Thu, 31 Mar 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4828453 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4670144&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21452610%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Dänicke S, Pappritz J, Goyarts T, Xu B, Rautenschlein S Two experiments were carried out to examine the effects of feeding an uncontaminated control diet (CON) or a Fusarium toxin-contaminated diet (FUS; 10.7 mg deoxynivalenol [DON]/kg diet) to growing broilers, which were either uninfected or infected with infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) beginning at 1 day post hatch. Broilers had been infected at three weeks post hatch with either a classical virulent infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV-IM, Exp. 1) or a very virulent IBDV (vvIBDV, Exp. 2) strain. The effects of the DON-contaminated diet in combination with the virus-infection on the bursa of Fabricius and spleen were determined at 3 and 6-7 days post infection. The transient development of the bursa oedema and the ... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4670144 Tue, 01 Feb 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4670144 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4670143&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21452611%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Presto MH, Lyberg K, Lindberg JE The study aimed at determining the ileal apparent (IAD) and standardised ileal (SID) digestibility of crude protein (CP) and amino acids (AA) in organically cultivated white-flowering faba beans (Vicia faba), and cakes from hemp seed (Cannabis sativa), linseed (Linum usitatissimum) and rapeseed (Brassica napus). The experiment was designed as a four period cross-over trial with six castrated male Yorkshire pigs fitted with post valve T-caecum (PVTC) cannulas. The IAD and SID of CP for the feed ingredients ranged from 79.2-85.9% and were affected by dietary treatment, with significantly lower values in rapeseed cake. The IAD and SID of most AA in the feed ingredients were also significantly affected by dietary treatment, but without any consiste... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4670143 Tue, 01 Feb 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4670143 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4670142&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21452612%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Wiecek J, Rekiel A, Skomiał J An experiment with 94 growing pigs was conducted to determine the effect of a feed restriction of 25% on performance, carcass quality, organ weight, blood hormone levels and some biochemical parameters. The experiment consisted of four periods of 21 days each. In the different periods animals (initial BW about 31 kg) were fed ad libitum (A) or restrictively (R), resulting at day 84 in Groups AAAA, AARA, RAAA and RARA. During Period I, the daily gain of restrictively fed pigs (Group R) was about 22% lower than from Group A (p < 0.01). During realimentation, compensatory growth was observed in Period II for Group RA, and in Period IV for Group RARA. No compensatory growth was observed for Group AARA, which was fed restrictively in Period III onl... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4670142 Tue, 01 Feb 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4670142 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4670139&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21452613%26dopt%3DAbstract The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of foetal undernutrition on the metabolism in growing lambs. Seven-month-old lambs whose mothers had been fed either restrictively (RN; n = 14) or adequately (AN; n = 6) in late gestation were fasted for three days. One hour before fasting and after 48 h and 72 h fasting, changes in plasma concentrations of metabolites, i.e. glucose, nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA), 3-beta-hydroxybutyrate (BOHB) and urea as well as hormones, i.e. insulin, the insulin-like growth factor (IGF-I) and leptin, were determined. Blood glucose, NEFA, urea, insulin, IGF-I and leptin were not different between the two groups of lambs. Unexpectedly, at the end of the 3 d fasting, in spite of lower NEFA concentration (1.6 +/- 0.03 vs. 1.9 +/- 0.05 mM in Group... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4670139 Tue, 01 Feb 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4670139 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4670138&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21452614%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Schwabe A, Meyer U, Flachowsky G, Dänicke S The aim of the present dose response study was to examine the long-term effects of increasing the amounts of rare earth elements (REE) in the diet on growth and slaughtering performance of fattening bulls. A total of 48 bulls of German Holstein with an average initial live weight (LW) of 119 + 13 kg were divided into four dietary treatment groups (n = 12): a control group and three REE-treated groups, which were fed a supplement of 100, 200 and 300 mg REE-citrate per kg dry matter (DM) containing mainly cerium (57.9%), lanthanum (34.0%) and praseodymium (6.5%). The feeding trial was divided into a growing period for 8 weeks and a fattening period for 39 weeks. The growing diet consisted of concentrate, grass silage and grass hay, wh... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4670138 Tue, 01 Feb 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4670138 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4670133&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21452615%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Juśkiewicz J, Zary-Sikorska E, Zduńczyk Z, Król B, Jurgoński A The experiment was aimed at studying the effects of easily fermentable oligosaccharides and phenolic compounds from chicory root meal (CRM) on the fermentative processes in the caecum, the antioxidative status and the lipoprotein profile of rats. Five different diets were fed ad libitum to 40 Wistar rats (eight animals per group, individually housed): a control group (C); group PCM (10% processed CRM, deprived of polyphenolic fraction); group PCMO (8% processed CRM and 1.6% oligofructose); group UCM (10% unprocessed CRM); and group FP (8.3% fructan-polyphenol concentrate from CRM). Diets PCM, PCMO, UCM and FP induced favourable metabolic changes in the caecum, blood lipid profile and the antioxidative status of... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4670133 Tue, 01 Feb 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4670133 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4371771&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21214019%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Missotten JA, Michiels J, Ovyn A, De Smet S, Dierick NA Since the announcement of the ban on the use of antibiotics as antimicrobial growth promoters in the feed of pigs in 2006 the investigation towards alternative feed additives has augmented considerably. Although fermented liquid feed is not an additive, but a feeding strategy, the experimental work examining its possible advantages also saw a rise. The use of fermented liquid feed (FLF) has two main advantages, namely that the simultaneous provision of feed and water may result in an alleviation of the transition from the sow milk to solid feed and may also reduce the time spent to find both sources of nutrients, and secondly, that offering FLF with a low pH may strengthen the potential of the stomach as a first line of d... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4371771 Wed, 01 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4371771 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4371770&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21214020%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, our results give no indication that the supplementation of FCT up to a deoxynivalenol concentration in the diet of 5 mg per kg dry matter affects the fermentation of organic matter and microbial protein synthesis. These findings are independent of the concentrate level in the diets. A change in the microbial community composition of the genus Clostridia may be the reason for a reduction in the cellulolytic activity. PMID: 21214020 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Archives of Animal Nutrition) Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4371770 Wed, 01 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4371770 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4371769&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21214021%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Ragaller V, Lebzien P, Bigalke W, Südekum KH, Hüthera L, Flachowsky G The present study was undertaken to determine the effects of dietary folic acid (FOL) supplementation on ruminal fermentation, duodenal nutrient flow, serum and milk variables, and on B-vitamin concentration in serum. The study was divided into two experiments: in Exp. 1 the forage to concentrate (F:C) ratio of the diet (DM basis) was 34:66 (high concentrate, HC), while in Exp. 2 the F:C ratio was 66:34 (high forage, HF). In addition, the cows received 0 or 1 g FOL/d. In Exp. 1, two German Holstein cows equipped with cannulas in the dorsal sac of the rumen and in the proximal duodenum were dry and five were lactating (186 +/- 144 days in milk); in Exp. 2 four cows were dry and four were lactating (165 +/- ... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4371769 Wed, 01 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4371769 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4371768&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21214022%26dopt%3DAbstract This study investigated the effect of a duodenal infusion of a C18:3 free fatty acid on the immune function of lactating dairy cows. Four primiparous Chinese Holstein cows fitted with duodenal cannulas received 0, 100, 200, 300, and 400 g/d of alpha-linolenic acid (LNA) in a two-treatment crossover design. Blood was collected and serum IgA, IgG, IgM, prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and Th1/Th2 cytokines were determined. Results showed that increasing the supply of LNA to the small intestine of dairy cows linearly increased serum IgG and quadratically enhanced interferon-gamma (p < 0.05), whereas the concentrations of PGE2 declined linearly (p < 0.05) and those of interleukin (IL)-4 tended to decrease (p = 0.08). No difference was observed in serum IgA, IgM or other cytokines, such as IL-2, I... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4371768 Wed, 01 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4371768 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4233529&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21114231%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Jensen RB, Brokner C, Knudsen KE, Tauson AH Four Icelandic (ICE) and four Danish Warmblood (DW) horses were used in a crossover study with two treatments to investigate the effect of breed and the effect of stage of maturity of haylage on the apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of a diet consisting of sugar beet pulp, black oats and haylage early or late cut. Fibre was analysed as crude fibre (CF), acid detergent fibre (ADF), neutral detergent fibre (NDF) and dietary fibre (DF = non-starch polysaccharides (NSP) plus lignin). In haylage all analysed fibre fractions increased with advancing stage of maturity, with the cell wall components cellulose, non-cellulosic residue, xylose and lignin causing this increase. Crude protein (CP) and sugars decreased with advancing stage... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4233529 Fri, 01 Oct 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4233529 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4233527&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21114232%26dopt%3DAbstract This study was conducted to estimate dietary threshold levels for crude protein (CP) and amino acids (AA) at which apparent ileal digestibilities (AID) of CP and AA in assay diets for newly weaned pigs reach plateaus. A total of 14 (12 + 2 for replacement) three-week old barrows were fitted with simple T cannulas at the distal ileum. Corn starch-based diets containing six graded levels of CP from casein, 90, 155, 220, 285, 350, or 415 g CP/kg assay diet (as-fed), were formulated. At 28 days of age, the pigs were randomly allocated to the six dietary treatments with two pigs per CP level in four weekly repeated measurement periods. They were fed twice daily a total of 30 g (as-fed) per kg of individual body weight at 8:00 and 20:00 h. The dietary CP and AA levels affected AID of CP and most... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4233527 Fri, 01 Oct 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4233527 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4233525&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21114233%26dopt%3DAbstract The objective was to evaluate the effect of different particle sizes of compound diets on performance, nutrient utilisation, gut morphology, and carcass characteristics of fattening Italian White breed rabbits. The finely ground diet led to a significant improvement in feed efficiency and apparent digestibility of crude protein, ether extract, crude fibre and NDF, without any negative effect on gut morphology. Furthermore, a smaller particle size of concentrates in pelleted diets improved carcass traits. Meat colour parameters showed significant differences in longissimus lumborum and biceps femoris due to dietary treatments, but in both muscles pH values 1 h and 24 h after slaughter remained unchanged. It is concluded that a finely ground pelleted diet can be used to improve growth perfor... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4233525 Fri, 01 Oct 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4233525 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4233523&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21114234%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Taranu I, Marina DE, Burlacu R, Pinton P, Damian V, Oswald IP Mycotoxins are fungal secondary metabolites that elicit a wide spectrum of toxicological effects, including the alteration of normal immune function. In the present study we investigated the independent effect of four mycotoxins, aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), fumonisin B1 (FB1), deoxynivalenol (DON) and nivalenol (NIV), on lymphocyte proliferation using human and porcine lymphocytes. Human and porcine peripheral blood mononuclear cells and porcine splenocytes were cultured with increasing concentrations of mycotoxins for 72 hours and labelled in the last 24 hours with [methyl-3H]-thymidine. The results showed that increased concentrations of AFB1, DON and NIV affected the [methyl-3H]-thymidine cellular proliferation followin... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4233523 Fri, 01 Oct 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4233523 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4233521&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21114235%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Bauera E, Williams BA, Voigt C, Mosenthin R, Verstegen MW Increased carbohydrate fermentation, compared with protein fermentation, could benefit gut health. In two in vitro experiments, the effect of carbohydrate-rich feed ingredients on fermentation characteristics of ileal chyme from pigs was assessed, using the cumulative gas production technique. Ingredients of the first experiment included gums, inulins, pectins, transgalacto-oligosaccharides, lactose and xylan. In the second experiment, a gum, pectin and transgalacto-oligosaccharides were added at different starting weights, to determine their effects on fermentation characteristics of chyme, in relation to differences in the carbohydrate concentrations. In comparison to fermentation of chyme alone, added carbohydrates l... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4233521 Fri, 01 Oct 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4233521 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4233519&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21114236%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: McDonnell P, O'Shea C, Figat S, O'Doherty JV A completely randomised design experiment was performed to examine the effects of replacing different levels of soya bean meal (SBM) with rapeseed meal (RSM) on the growth performance, carcass characteristics, apparent nutrient digestibility, nitrogen (N) balance and manure ammonia emissions of growing-finishing pigs. Pigs (n = 336; mean live weight 42.1 kg) were assigned to one of four dietary treatments containing per kg diet: 210 g SBM; 140 g SBM and 70 g RSM; 70 g SBM and 140 g RSM; and 210 g RSM. All diets were formulated on an ileal digestible amino acid, net energy and available phosphorus basis. There was no significant treatment effect on average daily gain, feed intake, feed conversion ratio and carcass characteristics. Th... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4233519 Fri, 01 Oct 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4233519 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4233517&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21114237%26dopt%3DAbstract The objective of this study was to determine the effects of partially replacing barley and corn with the new oat and its micronisation on lactating performance of dairy cows. In a double 4 x 4 Latin square design, eight lactating dairy cows (732 +/- 46 kg body weight [BW]; parity 4 +/- 2) received total mixed rations with a forage-to-concentrate ratio of 50:50 (DM basis). The four treatments were: T1, barley only (control); T2, raw oat, replacing 42% barley of T1; T3, micronised oat, replacing 42% barley of T1; and T4, raw oat and corn blend, replacing 100% barley of T1. The results showed that dairy cows fed the new oats (T2, T3) produced more fat (p < 0.05) and more fat corrected milk (p < 0.10) than cows fed barley only (T1). The performance of cows fed the new oat and corn blend ... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4233517 Fri, 01 Oct 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4233517 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3889408&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20722298%26dopt%3DAbstract This study modelled multiple physiological responses of dairy cows to physical and chemical characteristics of a diet aiming to optimise their requirements for physically effective neutral detergent fibre, expressed inclusive of particles-dry matter > 8 mm (peNDF > 8). Extensive research data, comprising a wide range of feeding conditions (n = 64 studies and 257 different dietary treatments), were used to parameterise the model, while statistical modelling was used to account for the inter- and intra-experiment variation as well as to derive the model estimates. Physiological thresholds and 'safety limits' of peNDF > 8 for maintaining different physiological variables were derived using non-linear statistical modelling. Results showed that peNDF > 8 content in the diet is a key... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3889408 Sat, 31 Jul 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3889408 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3889407&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20722299%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Paul SS, Kamra DN, Sastry VR Fermentative characteristics and fibrolytic enzyme activities of anaerobic gut fungi from wild (17 isolates) and domestic ruminants (15 isolates) were examined. In a medium containing 0.5% wheat straw and 0.02% cellobiose as energy source, activities of carboxymethyl cellulase (CMCase), avicelase, xylanase, acetyl esterase and protease produced by the fungal isolates were investigated. Average activity of CMCase (17.4 vs. 8.25 mIU ml(-1)), acetyl esterase (134 vs. 57 mIU ml(-1)) and protease (4400 vs. 1683 mIU ml(-1)) were significantly higher in isolates from wild ruminants than those from domestic ruminants. Xylanase and avicelase activities were comparable. When compared irrespective of source, fungal isolates having monocentric growth pattern p... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3889407 Sat, 31 Jul 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3889407 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3889406&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20722300%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Van Ackeren C, Steingass H, Hartung K, Funk R, Drochner W To study the effect of weaning age on average daily gain (ADG), dry matter intake (DMI) and ruminal fermentation, 10 rumen-cannulated male Holstein calves were randomly assigned to one of two treatments: (i) early weaned at 8 weeks of age (235 l milk); (ii) conventionally weaned at 12 weeks of age (347 l milk). Twice daily grass hay (9.0 MJ ME x kg(-1) DM) and a dry total mixed ration (TMR) (11.6 MJ ME x kg(-1) DM) containing 15% alfalfa hay and 85% concentrates were offered separately. Water was available ad libitum. Ruminal fluid was collected via cannulas at weeks 9, 11, 13 and 15, twice weekly just prior to as well as 1, 3, 5 and 7 h after morning feeding. Calves of both treatments achieved adequate ADG (947 vs. 959... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3889406 Sat, 31 Jul 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3889406 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3889405&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20722301%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Mair C, Plitzner C, Pfaffl MW, Schedle K, Meyer HH, Windisch W The study aimed at determining the effect of inulin and/or a multispecies probiotic formulation on gastrointestinal tract (GIT) morphology, immunological and haematological parameters. Forty-eight newly weaned piglets were assigned to four feeding groups, receiving a standard basal diet (control), supplemented with 0.4% inulin, probiotics (1 x 10(9) CFU/kg as fed, enterococci, lactobacilli, bifidobacteria) or a combination of both (synbiotic). After four weeks of ad libitum feeding piglets were slaughtered and intestinal tissue samples were obtained for histometry. Additional tissue samples of the GIT, mesenteric lymph nodes, blood, liver and spleen were taken for mRNA expression analysis of cell turnover (CDK4, ca... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3889405 Sat, 31 Jul 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3889405 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3889404&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20722302%26dopt%3DAbstract This study shows that young male Wistar rats respond to CLA fed as structured triacylglycerol. PMID: 20722302 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Archives of Animal Nutrition) Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3889404 Sat, 31 Jul 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3889404 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3889403&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20722303%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Tonini B, Fusi E, Rizzi R, Bontempo V The aim of this study was to investigate the presence of nucleotides in canine colostrum and milk during lactation. Colostrum and milk samples of 10 healthy bitches were collected manually from mammary glands and analysed for total milk solids, crude protein and adenosine 5'-monophosphate (AMP), cytidine 5'-monophosphate (CMP), guanosine 5'-monophosphate (GMP) and uridine 5'-monophosphate (UMP). We found that the total nucleotide content significantly (p < 0.05) increased during lactation, with UMP and CMP being the most abundant, while the AMP content was the lowest. The trend for CMP and UMP was opposite to that of other species, while AMP and GMP concentrations in bitch colostrum and milk were lower than those in other species. This ... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3889403 Sat, 31 Jul 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3889403 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3714894&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20578647%26dopt%3DAbstract We present results from earlier work and recent findings concerning bacterial protein, including the production process, chemical composition, effects on nutrient digestibility, metabolism, and growth performance in several monogastric species, including pigs, broiler chickens, mink (Mustela vison), fox (Alopex lagopus), Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar), rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), and Atlantic halibut (Hippoglossus hippoglossus). It is concluded that bacterial meal (BM) derived from natural gas fermentation, utilising a bacteria culture containing mainly the methanotroph Methylococcus capsulatus (Bath), is a promising source of protein based on criteria such as amino acid composition, digestibility, and animal performance and health. Future research challenges include modified downs... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3714894 Mon, 31 May 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3714894 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3714893&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20578648%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, for the conditions examined, the wet preservation of DON-contaminated wheat with SBS seems to be promising as an on-farm detoxification measure. PMID: 20578648 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Archives of Animal Nutrition) Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3714893 Mon, 31 May 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3714893 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3714892&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20578649%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, results do not show losses of nutritive value by ensiling corn cut at vitreous grain stage. PMID: 20578649 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Archives of Animal Nutrition) Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3714892 Mon, 31 May 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3714892 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3714891&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20578650%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study the application of exogenous fibrolytic enzymes fed to dairy cows did not show a significant effect on any parameter tested. PMID: 20578650 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Archives of Animal Nutrition) Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3714891 Mon, 31 May 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3714891 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3714890&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20578651%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Palander S, Näsi M, Palander P Digesta viscosity, ileal transit time of digesta, apparent ileal protein digestibility and apparent metabolisable energy (AME(N)) of diets based on wheat and dehulled barley (WB), oats (O) or a mixture of these (WBO) fed as such or with enzyme supplementation in three- and six-week old turkeys and broilers were investigated. In addition, differences between ileal digestibility and AME(N) calculated by using titanium dioxide (TiO2), chromic oxide (Cr2O3) or acid insoluble ash (AIA) as indigestible markers were compared. Digesta viscosities were generally moderate reaching from 2.5 mPa x s to 7.3 mPa x s. The highest viscosities were observed in WBO diets. Viscosities were reduced with age in broilers, and were generally higher in turkeys than i... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3714890 Mon, 31 May 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3714890 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3714889&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20578652%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Han P, Ma X, Yin J The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of feeding a low dose of lipoic acid on attenuating soybean beta-conglycinin-induced hypersensitivity using a rat model, with ovalbumin as the positive allergic control. Forty-eight recently weaned male Sprague-Dawley rats were assigned to four treatments and fed a cornstarch-casein-based diet either unsupplemented (Groups I, II and III) or supplemented with 25 mg/kg lipoic acid (Group IV). On days 1, 10, 17, and 24, Groups III and IV were sensitised with 20 mg beta-conglycinin by means of intragastric gavage, while Group II was sensitised with 20 mg ovalbumin and Group I (control) with casein. On day 31, rats received a double dose of beta-conglycinin, ovalbumin or casein, respectively. Ovalbumin-sensiti... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3714889 Mon, 31 May 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3714889 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3586817&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20481348%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: De Campeneere S, De Boever JL, Vanacker JM, De Brabander DL To reduce N pollution by dairy cows, two levels of rumen degradable protein balance (RDPB) and the use of protected protein sources were studied in two feeding trials. Trial 1 investigated if the effect of lowering the RDPB, at a constant DPI (digestible protein in the intestine) supply, could be compensated by using protected protein sources (formaldehyde treated (= formolated) soybean meal (FSBM) or a combination of FSBM and formolated rapeseed meal at a ratio of 60:40). Trial 2 studied if FSBM is as effective as soybean meal (SBM) at a low RDPB level. Each trial was set up as a Latin square design, with three treatments and three periods, involving 18 lactating Holstein cows. Reducing RDPB from about 150 g/d to bel... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3586817 Wed, 31 Mar 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3586817 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3586816&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20481349%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Miranda M, Gutiérrez B, Benedito JL, Blanco-Penedo I, García-Vaquero M, López-Alonso M To evaluate the influence of breed on the accumulation of dietary copper (Cu) in tissue, and on blood parameters indicative of Cu status, ten Galician Blond, nine Holstein-Friesian and ten Galician Blond x Holstein-Friesian cross (GB x HF) steers were fed diets supplemented with 35 mg/kg DM of CuSO4 during their growing and finishing periods. Blood samples were taken monthly, and samples of liver, kidney, brain, heart, spleen and muscle were taken at slaughter. Cu concentrations were determined by ICP-AES. Holstein-Friesian calves had significantly higher total liver Cu contents than Galician Blonds and GB x HF crosses (mean 1070, 663 and 868 mg, respectively), combined with higher ... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3586816 Wed, 31 Mar 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3586816 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3586815&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20481350%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Taube VA, Rohn K, Kreienbrock L, Kamphues J Urolithiasis due to struvite concrements occurs in fattening cattle, but only in 1-5% of a herd, in spite of identical nutrient supply. Developing dietetic measures for these cattle was the primary aim of this study. The feeding experiments were focused on the general effects of varying the crude fibre supply and adding CaCl2 as a urine acidifier, especially concerning individual reactions to the different diets. Five standard balance trials were performed with three fattening bulls. The crude fibre content in the ration varied between 14.8% and 24.0% DM. In two trials, coated CaCl2 was fed (per day 20 g/100 kg BW). Influences on the macro mineral metabolism and the acid-base-balance were investigated. Unexpectedly, the crude fibre c... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3586815 Wed, 31 Mar 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3586815 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3586814&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20481351%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Biagia G, Cipollini I, Paulicks BR, Roth FX Tannins are natural polyphenolic compounds that can reduce digestibility of dietary protein but also display antibacterial effects. The present study investigated, in vitro and in vivo, the effect of different levels of tannins (using a chestnut wood extract containing 75% tannins) on growth performance, intestinal microbiota and wall morphology in piglets. During a 24 h in vitro caecal fermentation, the utilisation of tannins at 0.75, 1.5, 3, and 6 g/l significantly reduced total gas production and concentrations of ammonia and volatile fatty acids and increased viable counts of enterococci and coliforms. When fed to piglets at 1.13, 2.25, and 4.5 g/kg, tannins significantly improved feed efficiency and reduced caecal concentrations... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3586814 Wed, 31 Mar 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3586814 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3586813&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20481352%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Michiels J, Missotten J, Van Hoorick A, Ovyn A, Fremaut D, De Smet S, Dierick N Two trials were conducted to study the effects of dose and formulation of carvacrol and thymol on bacterial counts, metabolites and functional traits of the gut in weaned piglets. In the first experiment (Exp. I), 25 piglets (28 d, 6.59 +/- 0.48 kg BW) were allocated to five dietary treatments: a control diet, or the same diet supplemented with either carvacrol or thymol at doses of 500 and 2000 mg kg(-1). In the second experiment (Exp. II), 35 piglets (28 d, 7.99 +/- 0.73 kg BW) were assigned to seven dietary treatments: the same control diet as in Exp. I, or this diet supplemented with thymol in one of three formulations (on celite, on alphacel or microencapsulated) at doses of 500 and 2000 mg kg... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3586813 Wed, 31 Mar 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3586813 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3586812&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20481353%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Pastuszewska B, Taciak M, Tuśnio A, Misztal T, Ochtabińska A Nutritional value of diets containing 10% potato fibre or cellulose (diets MPF and MC, respectively) and their long-term effects on parameters related to potential health benefits were studied in rats. In a first experiment nutrient digestibility and metabolisable energy of the diets were determined. In a second experiment, each diet was fed to 20 male and 20 female rats aged nine weeks old during 12 (Lot W12) or 24 (Lot W24) weeks. Feed intakes per cage and body weight of rats were registered. In all animals organ weight was determined and in animals of Lot W12 and in males of Lot W24 biochemical blood parameters were analysed. In males of Lot W24, caecal SCFA concentration and body composition were also deter... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3586812 Wed, 31 Mar 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3586812 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2536596&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19489452%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: De Campeneere S, De Boever JL, Vanacker JM, Messens W, De Brabander DL Feeding measures with a potential to improve N efficiency in dairy cattle husbandry were studied at two levels of undegradable protein balance (OEB). In each of the two experiments, two simultaneous Latin squares were conducted, each with three treatments and three lactating Holstein cows. Decreasing the OEB of the diet improved N efficiency and resulted in lower N excretion per kg milk. To avoid a negative effect of the decreased OEB on the production results, spreading the concentrate intake (as TMR or in five meals) seemed to be most promising, although only few significant effects were found. The use of protected protein sources or the addition of clinoptilolite were not successful in improving N-effici... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2536596 Tue, 31 Mar 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2536596 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2536595&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19489453%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Tayo GO, Tang SX, Tan ZL, Sun ZH, Wang M, Zhou CS, Han XF Four black Liuyang wether goats were fed with corn stover and concentrate formulated to contain four levels of dietary phosphorus (P), including 0.129, 0.140, 0.162 and 0.180% of P. In a 4 x 4 Latin square experiment the endogenous faecal P loss was determined by the regression technique and the substitution method. Treatment effects on faecal and urinary P output, apparent P digestibility and P retention, and saliva P secretion were not significant. A linear relationship was observed between apparent faecal digestible P (Y, g/kg DMI) and P intake (X, g/kg DMI), which was described by the equation: Y = 0.4799 X -0.9209, r2 = 0.9869, (p < 0.05). The true P digestibility determined by the regression technique and the s... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2536595 Tue, 31 Mar 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2536595 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2536594&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19489454%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Petersson A, Domig KJ, Nagel P, Zollitsch W, Hagmüller W, Kneifeld W The aim of this study was to determine the influence of different feeding strategies on the gut microbiota of organic growing-finishing pigs. A total of 76 pigs were allocated to four different dietary treatments (control, probiotics, maize silage and grass silage). Effects of the applied probiotic preparation on the composition of the intestinal and faecal microbiota were monitored. By using a DGGE (denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis)-based methodology, fingerprints of the intestinal microbiota were obtained. The total microbial DNA was isolated from faecal and colon samples and amplified with PCR using different primer sets to detect bifidobacteria and lactobacilli. PCR products were separated usi... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2536594 Tue, 31 Mar 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2536594 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2536593&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19489455%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Bühler K, Bucher B, Wenk C, Broz J In a feeding trial with 32 crossbred gilts (13-108 kg bodyweight) the effect of benzoic acid (5 g/kg diet) in low (NDF: 150 g/kg DM) and high (NDF: 202 g/kg DM) fibre diets on performance and apparent nutrient digestibility was examined. The animals were restrictively fed one of four grower and finisher diets: low fibre diet without and with benzoic acid (LF- and LF+), and a high fibre diet without and with benzoic acid (HF- and HF+). At 56 kg bodyweight, four animals per diet were slaughtered to obtain data on volatile fatty acid (VFA) production in the gut. In the grower period, digestibility of nitrogen, energy and neutral detergent fibre was positively influenced by benzoic acid (p < 0.01) and reduced by fibre addition (p < 0.0... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2536593 Tue, 31 Mar 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2536593 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2536592&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19489456%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, the effect of phytase in barley-based diets for finishing pigs on all response criteria measured in this study, except apparent total tract N digestibility, was not influenced by protein source. PMID: 19489456 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Archives of Animal Nutrition) Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2536592 Tue, 31 Mar 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2536592 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2536591&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19489457%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Skiba G, Raj S, Weremko D, Fandrejewski H The study was conducted to determine the changes in growth rate, protein deposition, concentration of nucleic acids, and activity of calpain enzymes in the longissimus dorsi muscle of pigs, which received a low protein and low energy diet from 25-50 kg bodyweight (BW) followed by adequate feeding to 105 kg BW in comparison with pigs fed adequately throughout the study. The muscle of pigs subjected to limitation tended to grow slower and deposit less protein daily (by 25%, p < 0.10), but have a significantly lower DNA concentration (by 13%, p < 0.01). The activity of micro- and m-calpain was also significantly lower compared with control pigs (0.942 vs. 1.92 and 0.246 vs. 0.403 U/g, respectively). After resumption of adequate feed... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2536591 Tue, 31 Mar 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2536591 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2536590&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19489458%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Swanson KS, Belsito KR, Vester BM, Schook LB Obesity is a major problem in today's dog population, with aged animals having an increased susceptibility to obesity-related comorbidities. A molecular approach to studying adipose tissue may enhance our understanding of its role in energy homeostasis and the disease process. Thus, the objective of this study was to use canine microarrays to compare gene expression profiles of adipose tissue from geriatric and young adult dogs. Adipose tissue samples were collected from six geriatric (12 year-old) and six young adult (one-year-old) female beagles after being fed one of two diets (animal protein-based vs. plant protein-based) for 12 months. RNA samples were hybridised to canine microarrays. Statistical analyses indicated that age ha... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2536590 Tue, 31 Mar 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2536590 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2265184&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19271547%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, the present study shows that young pigs have a high capacity to absorb carnitine from the diet. It is also shown that plasma and tissue carnitine concentrations in young pigs can be markedly increased by supplementation of carnitine. PMID: 19271547 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Archives of Animal Nutrition) Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2265184 Sun, 01 Feb 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2265184 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2265183&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19271548%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Gutzwiller A, Gafner JL, Stoll P Nine gilts weighing 80 kg at the beginning of the trial were fed a mycotoxin contaminated diet containing 2 mg deoxynivalenol (DON) and 0.4 mg zearalenone (ZON) per kg (Diet M). Their daily weight gain until 103 kg BW was reduced in comparison to the nine control animals fed an uncontaminated diet (Diet C) (763 vs. 912 g; p = 0.02). There was no treatment effect on the age at first observed oestrus. Seven and eight gilts receiving Diet M and C, respectively, became pregnant after being mated once or being again mated three weeks later. The examination of the uteri of gilts slaughtered 35-61 days after mating showed that the exposure to DON and ZON had no effect on the number of foetuses per gilt (p = 0.54), but increased their growth rate (p = ... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2265183 Sun, 01 Feb 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2265183 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2265181&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19271549%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, the time course of functional rumen epithelium adaptation after a change from hay feeding (ad libitum) to a mixed hay/concentrate diet was monitored by measuring Na+ transport rates in Ussing chamber experiments. A total of 18 sheep were subjected to different periods of mixed hay/concentrate feeding ranging from 0 weeks (control; hay ad libitum) to 12 weeks (800 g hay plus 800 g concentrate per day in two equal portions). For each animal, the net absorption of sodium was measured following the mixed hay/concentrate feeding period. Net Na transport, Jnet, significantly rose from 2.15 +/- 0.43 (control) to 3.73 +/- 1.02 microeq x cm(-2) x h(-1) after one week of mixed hay/ concentrate diet, reached peak levels of 4.55 +/- 0.50 microEq x cm(-2) x h(-1) after four weeks and lev... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2265181 Sun, 01 Feb 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2265181 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2265179&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19271550%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Yáñez-Ruiz DR, Martín-García AI, Weisbjerg MR, Hvelplund T, Molina-Alcaide E The potential of different legume seeds species, including recently new developed varieties (Vicia faba: a commercial variety and varieties Alameda, Palacio and Baraka; Lupinus angustifolius; Pisum sativum and Cicer arietinum: varieties Fardon and Zegri) as protein supplements to low quality forages was evaluated. First, the chemical composition, in vitro digestibility, in situ degradability and in vitro/in situ intestinal digestibility of legume seeds were determined. The chemical composition was rather similar within genus. Vicia faba beans contained more condensed tannins (35.8-56.4 g/kg DM) and less ether extract (12.8-9.5 g/kg DM) than the other legumes. The rumen degradabilit... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2265179 Sun, 01 Feb 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2265179 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2265178&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19271551%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Niu Z, Liu F, Yan Q, Li L An experiment was undertaken to evaluate the effect of dietary selenium (Se) levels on growth performance and immune competence of broilers under heat stress. Birds were raised in either a thermoneutral (TN, 23.9 degrees C constant) or heat stress conditions (HS, 23.9 degrees C to 38 degrees C cycling) and were fed a corn-soybean meal basal diet supplemented with Se at 0, 0.2 and 0.4 mg/kg. A total of 240 one-day-old male broiler chicks were randomly assigned to six groups; each group had four replicates of 10 birds. Body weight and feed intake were not influenced by dietary Se, while feed conversion was significantly improved by a Se-supplementation of 0.2 mg/kg. HS significantly reduced body weight, feed intake and feed conversion. Numbers of abdomi... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2265178 Sun, 01 Feb 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2265178 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2265177&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19271552%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, the results suggested that either AELL or EESC may improve antioxidant status and immune function of broilers. PMID: 19271552 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Archives of Animal Nutrition) Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2265177 Sun, 01 Feb 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2265177 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2265176&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19271553%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Westfahl CP, Wolf P, Kamphues J To determine the endogenous losses of macro minerals via excrements, adult amazons (Amazona spp., n=5) were fed a purified diet supplemented with vitamins, trace elements and amino acids according to recommendations for poultry, but almost free of calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, sodium and potassium. The diet was offered ad libitum for nine days and was compared to mineral excretion when fed a commercial seed mixture. Daily dry matter (DM) intake was 22.2 g DM/bird (16.3 MJ ME/kg DM) compared to 8.18 g DM/bird when offered a commercial seed mixture (20.0 MJ ME/kg DM). Daily amounts of excreta corresponded to the physiological amounts of this species (5.2 g DM/bird). The digestibility of organic matter was similar for the purified diet and seeds ... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2265176 Sun, 01 Feb 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2265176 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2111315&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19143227%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Schedle K, Pfaffl MW, Plitzner C, Meyer HH, Windisch W The effects of insoluble dietary fibre differing in lignin content on intestinal morphology and mRNA expression was tested in an animal model of 48 weaned piglets. Engaged fibre sources were wheat bran (rich in cellulose and hemicellulose) and pollen from Chinese Masson pine (Pinus massoniana) (rich in lignin), respectively. The fibre sources were added to a basal diet as follows: no addition (control), 3.0% wheat bran, 1.27% pine pollen, and 2.55% pine pollen. The 12 animals of each feeding group were fed four experimental diets ad libitum for 37 days and were then slaughtered for retrieving tissue samples from stomach, jejunum, ileum, colon and mesenterial lymph nodes. Both fibre sources increased villus height of mucosa... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2111315 Mon, 01 Dec 2008 05:00:00 +0100 2111315 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2111314&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19143228%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Binter C, Khol-Parisini A, Hellweg P, Gerner W, Schäfer K, Hulan HW, Saalmüller A, Zentek J The maternal-fetal transfer and subsequent uptake of sow milk enriched with n-6- or n-3-polyunsaturated fatty acids may not only influence neonatal body fat but may also have an impact on the immune function of newborn piglets. Sows were fed a diet containing sunflower oil as n-6-source or oil from seal blubber with long chain polyunsaturated n-3-fatty acids during pregnancy and lactation. Sow serum was investigated during pregnancy and serum and milk during lactation; piglet serum and liver were investigated in the suckling period until day 19. Piglet leukocyte subpopulations were characterised by flow cytometry and leukocyte proliferation was tested after stimulation with mi... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2111314 Mon, 01 Dec 2008 05:00:00 +0100 2111314 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2111313&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19143229%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, the PCR-SSCP-based technique in conjunction with non-metric multidimensional scaling was sufficiently sensitive to detect and compare changes in composition of rumen microbial community structure in vitro as affected by diet and other environmental factors. PMID: 19143229 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Archives of Animal Nutrition) Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2111313 Mon, 01 Dec 2008 05:00:00 +0100 2111313 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2111312&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19143230%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Bartl K, Gomez CA, García M, Aufdermauer T, Kreuzer M, Hess HD, Wettstein HR Two identical experimental protocols were followed at 200 and 3,600 m above sea level (a.s.l.) determining the changes of the milk fatty acid (FA) profile of Brown Swiss (BS) and indigenous Peruvian Criollo cows (CR) as a response to diets which were designed to cover the variation in feed quality caused by season. At each site (altitude), six BS and six CR cows, adapted to > 3,500 m a.s.l., were fed three dietary treatments (DS, dry-season forage; RS rainy-season forage; OC, diet optimised to meet the cow's requirements) in a 2 x 2 x 3-factorial arrangement. Intakes of FA and milk yield increased from diet DS (low quality diet) to RS and OC (high quality diet) for both cow types. Milk fat pro... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2111312 Mon, 01 Dec 2008 05:00:00 +0100 2111312 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2111311&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19143231%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Fischer J, Bosse A, Pallauf J An experiment investigated the effect of different selenium supplementations on the antioxidant defence system and on the occurrence of muscle dystrophy in growing turkeys. Newly hatched male turkeys (B.U.T. Big 6) were divided into eight groups of 18 turkeys each and fed either a basal diet (selenium < 0.010 mg/kg diet), or the basal diet supplemented with 0.10; 0.15; 0.20; 0.25; 0.30; 0.35 or 0.40 mg selenium/kg diet in the form of sodium selenate. Vitamin E was adequately supplemented in all diets. After 35 days, muscle damage parameters including aspartate aminotransferase, creatine kinase, creatine kinase M and B were significantly increased in the selenium deficient Group I. A significant reduction of weight gain, feed consumption and sel... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2111311 Mon, 01 Dec 2008 05:00:00 +0100 2111311 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1903223&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18942582%26dopt%3DAbstract This study evaluated the effects of feeding pigs low protein (LP) diets for different lengths of time after weaning on indices of protein fermentation, the incidence of postweaning diarrhoea (PWD), growth performance, and total-tract apparent digestibility. Sixty weaner pigs weighing 6.1 +/- 0.13 kg (mean +/- SEM) were used in a completely randomised design having five treatments: (i) a high protein diet (HP, 243 g/kg CP) fed for 14 d after weaning (HP14); (ii) a low protein diet (LP, 173 g CP/kg) fed for 5 d after weaning (LP5); (iii) LP diet fed for 7 d after weaning (LP7); (iv) LP diet fed for 10 d after weaning (LP10), and (v) LP diet fed for 14 d after weaning (LP14). All diets were supplemented with lysine, methionine, tryptophan and threonine, with all LP diets additionally fortifie... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1903223 Wed, 01 Oct 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1903223 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1903222&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18942583%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Vlková E, Rada V, Trojanová I, Killer J, Smehilová M, Molatová Z The development of faecal bacteria composition in calves fed milk or a combined diet was investigated from 4 to 21 days of age. On day 7, bifidobacteria in faeces of milk-fed calves already increased from about 7.6 to 9.2 log CFU/g and did not change until the end of the study, whereas in calves fed the combined diet bifidobacteria only moderately increased to 7.9 log CFU/g and decreased slowly until day 21. The counts of bifidobacteria in calves on a combined diet were significantly (p < 0.01) lower compared to those in milk-fed calves. Bifidobacterial counts determined by cultivation or by fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH) did not differ significantly. Our results showed that the ... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1903222 Wed, 01 Oct 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1903222 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1903221&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18942584%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Marounek M, Skrivanová V, Výborná A, Dusková D Three groups of six calves each were fed a milk replacer at 0.8 kg and a starter concentrate ad libitum. Calves of the control group received the basal diet supplemented with rapeseed oil at 10 g per kg of feed solids. Calves of treatment groups were fed diets supplemented with a synthetically produced oil containing 62.3% methyl esters of CLA. The CLA-oil was added to milk at expense of rapeseed oil and fed at 5 and 10 g x kg(-1) feed solids for 63 days. Calves were slaughtered at 115 days of age. There was no significant effect of CLA on growth, intake of starter, feed conversion, chemical composition of meat and its oxidative stability. Dietary supplementation with CLA at 10 g x kg(-1) significantly increase... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1903221 Wed, 01 Oct 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1903221 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1903220&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18942585%26dopt%3DAbstract The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of isobutyrate supplementations on rumen fermentation, urinary excretion of purine derivatives and feed digestibility in steers. Eight ruminally cannulated Simmental steers were used in a replicated 4 x 4 Latin square experiment. On DM basis, diet consisted of 60% corn stover and 40% concentrate. Dry matter intake (averaged 9 kg/d) was restricted to 90% of ad libitum intake. The four treatment groups received a daily dose of 0 (control), 8.4, 16.8 or 25.2 g isobutyrate per steer. With increasing isobutyrate supplementation total VFA concentration (range 64.2-74.0 mM) was significantly enhanced. The ratio of acetate to propionate (range 2.72-4.25) was also significantly increased due to the increase in actate production and decrease in... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1903220 Wed, 01 Oct 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1903220 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1903219&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18942586%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Juśkiewicza J, Zduńczyk Z, Jankowski J, Król B, Milala J In a four-week experiment on 60 7-day-old BUT-9 male turkeys the effects of dietary fructooligosaccharides (pure nystose and a fructooligosaccharide mixture) supplemented at 1 and 2%, were studied on ileal and caecal metabolism. The control carbohydrate was cellulose, added also at 1 or 2%. Each dietary treatment consists of 10 birds kept individually. The average degree of polymerisation of the nystose and oligofructose preparation amounted to 2.9 and 4.1, respectively. The addition of nystose significantly decreased the pH value and viscosity in the ileal contents compared with the cellulose treatment. On the other hand, the oligofructose preparation increased the activity of sucrase and lactase in the... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1903219 Wed, 01 Oct 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1903219 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1903218&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18942587%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Youssef IM, Westfahl C, Sünder A, Liebert F, Kamphues J Male broiler chicks (n=120) were fed diets containing 0, 5, 10 or 15% dried distillers' grains with solubles (DDGS) from the 12th day up to the end of fattening (day 35). During this period feed intake, weight gain and excreta quality (pH, DM) were tested. A digestibility trial was carried out on four birds from each group on the last five days of the experiment to determine the digestibility of organic matter and CP of the different diets. The protein digestibility was evaluated using three different methods; uric acid correction, alpha-amino-N and amino acid-N. There were no significant effects of increased DDGS levels on feed intake, weight gain, excreta quality or digestibility of CP and organic matter. However, ... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1903218 Wed, 01 Oct 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1903218 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1903217&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18942588%26dopt%3DAbstract The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of supplementing swine finishing diets with two levels of magnesium aspartate (MgAsp) and short-term transportation stress on blood parameters, pork quality and the mRNA abundance of p-calpain and calpastatin in muscles of finishing pigs. Thirty-six crossbred finishing pigs (mean BW 90 kg) were assigned randomly to 0, 1000, or 2000 mg supplemental Mg from MgAsp per kg of diet for five days before slaughter. Then six pigs from each dietary treatment were subjected either to no transportation stress (NTS) or 2 h of transportation stress (TS). Transportation stress resulted in higher concentrations (p < 0.01) of serum calcium, glucose and cortisol, lower pH (p < 0.01), higher Warner-Bratzler shear force (WBSF) (p < 0.05) and ... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1903217 Wed, 01 Oct 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1903217 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1761268&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18763622%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Dänicke S, Beineke A, Goyarts T, Valenta H, Beyer M, Humpf HU The aim of the present experiment was to test the effects of a wet preservation of triticale contaminated mainly with deoxynivalenol (DON) with sodium metabisulphite (Na2S2O5, SBS) on growth performance, liver function, clinical-chemical plasma parameters and organ histopathology of piglets. For this purpose both the uncontaminated control triticale and the DON contaminated triticale were included in the piglet diet either untreated (CON, FUS) or SBS-treated (CON-SBS, FUS-SBS) and fed for 28 d starting from weaning. The dietary concentrations of DON and DON sulfonate (DONS), the DON derivative resulting from the SBS treatment, amounted to 0.156, 0.084, 2.312 and 0.275 mg DON per kg CON, CON-SBS, FUS and FUS-SBS... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1761268 Fri, 01 Aug 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1761268 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1761267&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18763623%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Keese C, Meyer U, Rehage J, Spilke J, Boguhn J, Breves G, Dänicke S Feeding a total mixed ration with 50% concentrate and a mean deoxynivalenol (DON) concentration of 5.3 mg/kg DM to 13 German Holstein cows in early lactation (Myco group) resulted in alterations in the ruminal fermentation patterns (lower molar percentage of acetate and isobutyrate, higher molar percentage of valerate) compared to the 14 control cows (Period 1, 11 weeks). In the Myco group, significantly lower ruminal pH value occurred in weeks 4 and 8 and lower minimum pH values critical for developing subacute ruminal acidosis were detected. Accordingly, the net acid base excretion in the urine and the base-to-acid ratio were lower (significant in week 8 only). These effects probably resulted from a hig... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1761267 Fri, 01 Aug 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1761267 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1761266&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18763624%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Borutova R, Faix S, Placha I, Gresakova L, Cobanova K, Leng L Effects of dietary contamination with various levels of deoxynivalenol (DON) and zearalenone (ZEA) were investigated on Ross 308 hybrid broilers of both sexes. After hatching, all chickens were fed an identical control diet for two weeks. Then chickens of Group 1 received a diet contaminated with DON and ZEA, both being 3.4 mg kg(-1), while Group 2 received DON and ZEA at 8.2 and 8.3 mg kg(-1), respectively. The diet of the control group contained background levels of mycotoxins. Samples of blood and tissues were collected after two weeks. Intake of both contaminated diets resulted in a significantly decreased activity of glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and increased level of malondialdehyde (MDA) in liver tissue, whil... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1761266 Fri, 01 Aug 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1761266 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1761265&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18763625%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, it was found that glycinin stimulated local and systemic immune responses in allergic piglets and had negative effects on piglet performance. The severity of the immune reactions depends on the dose of glycinin with higher doses causing more severe symptoms. PMID: 18763625 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Archives of Animal Nutrition) Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1761265 Fri, 01 Aug 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1761265 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1761264&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18763626%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Zhao Y, Qin G, Sun Z, Zhang X, Bao N, Wang T, Zhang B, Zhang B, Zhu D, Sun L Soybean allergy represents a health threat to human and animals. Glycinin and beta-conglycinin, the main storage proteins in soybean, have been identified as major food/ feed allergens. The present study was conducted to investigate the disappearance of immunoreactive glycinin and beta-conglycinin in the digestive processes of piglets. Twelve crossbred piglets, weaned at 21 days of age, were allocated to three dietary treatments in a complete block design, each treatment with four replicates (female/male = 1:1). From day 22-28, the control group was fed diets without leguminous products, while the two treatment groups received diets containing 2.2% purified glycinin or beta-conglycinin. All piglets we... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1761264 Fri, 01 Aug 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1761264 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1761263&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18763627%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Jørgensen H, Zhao XQ, Theil PK, Jakobsen K The effect of feeding 0, 4, 8 and 16% rapeseed oil from 12-42 days of age was studied in broiler chickens on performance, digestibility of nutrients, and development of gastrointestinal tract, protein and energy metabolism. Thirty six female chickens (Ross 208) with initial body weight average 246 g were allocated to the four groups and kept pair-wise in metabolism cages. The chickens were fed similar amounts of metabolisable energy (ME) per day and similar amounts of essential amino acids relative to ME by adjusting with crystalline amino acids. The chickens were subjected to four balance periods each of five days with two 24 h measurements of gas exchange in two open-air-circuit respiration chambers inserted on the second and t... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1761263 Fri, 01 Aug 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1761263 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1603682&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18610533%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Baumgärtel T, Metzler BU, Mosenthin R, Greiner R, Rodehutscord M Three different carbohydrate sources (cellulose on wood basis, maize starch and apple pectin) in combination with a low phosphorus (P) basal diet were fed to eight pigs fitted with single ileum-T-cannulas in a balance trial. The effects on net disappearance of dry matter, N, P and Ca as well as phytate (IP6) degradation in the intestine were studied. A basal diet and three diets supplemented with 25% of one carbohydrate source were applied in three experimental periods following an incomplete Latin Square design. Animals were housed individually in balance crates. After 15 days of adaptation to the diets, five days of total excreta collection were followed by two days of spot sampling of ileal digesta. The r... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1603682 Sun, 01 Jun 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1603682 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1603681&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18610534%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Heger J, Patrás P, Nitrayová S, Karcol J, Dolesová P An experiment was carried out on weaner pigs (initial BW 10.8 kg) to estimate the maintenance requirement for lysine (Lys) and its marginal efficiency of utilisation using a comparative slaughter technique. Three groups of six pigs each were fed purified diets for 21 days supplying Lys at 19.5, 78 or 195 mg/kg W0.75, which corresponded to 50, 200 or 500% of the assumed maintenance requirement. All other essential amino acids were given at 50% excess. At the end of the experiment, pigs were killed for whole-body nitrogen (N) and amino acid analysis. A representative group of six pigs was analysed at the beginning of the experiment. Based on regression equations, relating Lys or N retention to Lys intake, Lys re... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1603681 Sun, 01 Jun 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1603681 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1603680&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18610535%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Giguére A, Girard CL, Matte JJ Growth performance, metabolic variables, and meat quality were measured in 78 growing-finishing pigs using supplements of 0 (C), or 0.2% of DL-methionine (M), and three combinations of folic acid [mg/kg] and cyanocobalamin [microg/kg], respectively 0 and 0 (V0), 10 and 25 (V1), and 10 and 150 (V2) in a 2 x 3 factorial arrangement. Feed conversion was lower (p = 0.05) in M than in C pigs during the growing period (0-4 weeks). Both V1 and V2 treatments increased plasma vitamin B12 (p < 0.01) and decreased plasma homocysteine (p < 0.01). Plasma 5-methyl-tetrahydrofolates were the lowest, highest and intermediate in V0, V1 and V2 pigs (p < 0.04), respectively. In V2 meat, folates were 32% higher, vitamin B12, 55% higher and homocysteine... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1603680 Sun, 01 Jun 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1603680 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1603679&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18610536%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Stemme K, Lebzien P, Flachowsky G, Scholz H The aim of the study was to examine the effects of an elevated dietary cobalt supply to dairy cows on rumen fermentation parameters and microbial vitamin B12 synthesis in the rumen. Five lactating dairy cows fitted with a ruminal and a duodenal cannula were subsequently fed either a ration containing only the native cobalt content (0.17 mg Co/ kg DM) or a ration supplemented with cobalt sulphate (0.29 mg Co/kg DM). The pH-value, the ammonia concentration as well as the concentration and the molar proportions of short chain fatty acids in the rumen were not significantly influenced by feeding the ration with the higher cobalt content. While there was no difference in microbial protein flow, the cobalamin flow at the duodenum was signi... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1603679 Sun, 01 Jun 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1603679 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1603678&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18610537%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Al-Mamuna M, Hanai Y, Tanaka C, Tamura Y, Sano H An experiment including a [1-(13)C]leucine isotope dilution and a nitrogen balance were carried out to determine the effect of feeding plantain herb (Plantago lanceolata L.) on whole body protein synthesis (WBPS) and degradation in sheep kept at thermoneutral temperature (20 degrees C) or exposed to heat (30 degrees C). The animals were fed either mixed hay of orchardgrass and reed canarygrass (Hay-diet) or Hay-diet and plantain (9:1) (PL-diet) at maintenance level using a crossover design. Nitrogen intake was higher (p < 0.0001) for the Hay-diet than for the PL-diet, but N balance remained similar between diets and was higher (p = 0.003) during heat exposure than at thermoneutral temperature. The WBPS was numerically lower (... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1603678 Sun, 01 Jun 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1603678 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1603677&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18610538%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Zebeli Q, Tafaj M, Junck B, Mansmann D, Steingass H, Drochner W The study evaluated the effects of three different theoretical particle lengths (TPL) of grass silage on the distribution of particle fractions of the diet and the resulting effects on fermentation profile and concentrations of protozoa and mixed bacterial mass in the rumen of three lactating Holstein cows fed total mixed rations (45% grass silage, 5% grass hay and 50% concentrate) ad libitum. Decreasing TPL of grass silage (long, medium, short) reduced particles retained on the 19-mm sieve of the Penn State Particle Separator, while particle fractions from 8 mm to 19 mm and smaller than 8 mm were increased. Different TPL did not affect pH and the concentration of volatile fatty acids in the rumen. However, loweri... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1603677 Sun, 01 Jun 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1603677 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1603676&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18610539%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Keese C, Meyer U, Rehage J, Spilke J, Boguhn J, Breves G, Dänicke S The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of a deoxynivalenol (DON) contaminated ration with a concentrate proportion of 50%, on the performance of dairy cows (Period 1), and to examine the effects when the concentrate proportion was elevated to 60% compared to a ration with 30% concentrates (Period 2). In Period 1, 13 lactating German Holstein cows (Myco group, on average 29 days in milk) were fed the experimental diet (on average 5.3 mg DON/kg DM) as total mixed ration over 11 weeks, while another 14 cows (on average 33 days in milk) received a control diet. Both rations contained 50% concentrates (on DM basis). In Period 2 (18 weeks), the same 27 cows plus five additional cows were di... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1603676 Sun, 01 Jun 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1603676 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1587308&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18459534%26dopt%3DAbstract The objective of the study was to assess the effects of feed supplementation with the probiotic Bacillus cereus var. toyoi on transport and barrier properties of pig jejunum. Sows and their respective piglets were randomly assigned to two feeding groups: a control group and a probiotic group in which the standard diet was supplemented with Bacillus cereus var. toyoi. At the age of 14, 28, 35 and 56 days, 5 piglets per subgroup were killed and tissue samples from the mid jejunum were mounted in conventional Ussing chambers. Absorptive and secretory properties of the jejunum epithelia were assessed by stimulation of Na-coupled glucose and L-glutamine transport and stimulation of ion secretion by PGE2. Kinetic parameters maximal transport velocity (Vmax) and Michaelis Menten constant (Km) wer... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1587308 Tue, 01 Apr 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1587308 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1587307&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18459535%26dopt%3DAbstract This study investigated the effects of the probiotic Lactobacillus acidophilus strain DSM 13241 in dogs with non-specific dietary sensitivity (NSS). Six adult German Shorthair Pointers with NSS consecutively received a control dry diet and the same diet supplemented with the probiotic (6 x 10(6) cfu/g) for 12 weeks each, followed by another control period of four weeks. Frequency of defecations, faecal quality and nutrient digestibility were determined. Faeces were cultured for Clostridium perfringens, Escherichia spp., lactobacilli and bifidobacteria and quantitative fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH) was performed. Feeding the probiotic improved faecal consistency, faecal dry matter and defecation frequency (p < 0.05). Faecal concentrations of culturable lactobacilli and bifido... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1587307 Tue, 01 Apr 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1587307 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1587306&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18459536%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, exposure nutrient restriction in early life impairs the ability of ewes to respond to nutritional restriction in terms of energy expenditure of gestation. PMID: 18459536 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Archives of Animal Nutrition) Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1587306 Tue, 01 Apr 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1587306 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1587305&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18459537%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Warnants N, Millet S, Van Oeckel MJ, De Paepe M, De Brabander DL In Belgium, crossing a hybrid dam with a Piétrain sire leads to a rather lean and meaty fattening pig type. A digestibility trial and a performance trial were carried out to determine protein needs of this pig type. Six experimental diets with increasing protein content were formulated with 0.65-1.25% apparent ileal digestible lysine. The feeds were formulated to the ideal protein composition, with lysine as the reference amino acid. Standardised and apparent digestible amino acid values of the extreme diets were measured in a digestibility trial with four gilts cannulated at the end of the ileum, with an average initial and final BW of 39.1 kg and 55.3 kg, respectively, using a protein-free feed to estimate... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1587305 Tue, 01 Apr 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1587305 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1587304&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18459538%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Schedle K, Plitzner C, Ettle T, Zhao L, Domig KJ, Windisch W The study aimed to investigate the effects of insoluble dietary fibre differing in lignin content on performance and parameters of gut microbiology in 48 weanling piglets (8.5 kg mean body weight) fed common diets ad libitum. Fibre sources tested were wheat bran (low lignin) and pollen from Chinese Masson pine (Pinus massoniana) as model of fibre rich in lignin, added to diets as follows: no addition (control), 3.0% wheat bran, 1.27% pine pollen and 2.55% pine pollen. In colonic chyme, bacterial colony counts remained unaffected by treatment, but ammonia contents were reduced by fibre additions (up to -38%). The effects on ammonia were best explained by added cellulose and lignin. Fibre additions reduced apparent (fa... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1587304 Tue, 01 Apr 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1587304 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1587303&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18459539%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, bLF seems to alter indices of the cellular immune response and faecal microbial populations of healthy adult dogs. PMID: 18459539 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Archives of Animal Nutrition) Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1587303 Tue, 01 Apr 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1587303 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1587302&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18459540%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, maternal vitamin B12 deficiency from end of gestation to weaning was evaluated in mouse dams, which was provoked by feeding a vitamin B12-deficient diet. The animals were divided into two groups (control and deficient). The control group received the vitamin B12-deficient diet supplemented with commercial vitamin B12. Compared to the control, the vitamin B12-deficient dams and their offspring showed a significant decrease of body weight (by 20 and 39%, respectively), serum vitamin B12 concentration (by 61 and 67%, respectively), haematological values as haematocrit (25 and 26%, respectively), and IgA producer cells (by 36 and 54%, respectively). In both, vitamin B12-deficient mouse dams and their offspring, histological alterations of small intestine were observed, whereas g... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1587302 Tue, 01 Apr 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1587302 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1587316&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18341075%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Millet S, Aluwé M, De Brabander DL, Van Oeckel MJ A low feed intake during the first days after weaning is predisposing for weaning diarrhoea and weight loss. In this experiment we tried to increase the feed intake of the piglets after weaning by stimulating the solid feed intake during the last two weeks before weaning by separating them from the sows for 7 h/d. In addition, the effect of flavour recognition and the interaction of flavour recognition with intermittent suckling were tested. In two consecutive weaning rounds, sows were divided over two compartments with 7 to 10 sows each. They were assigned to one of four treatments in a two factorial design: control housing/control feed (n = 7); control housing/ flavoured feed (n = 8); intermittent suckling/control feed (... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1587316 Fri, 01 Feb 2008 05:00:00 +0100 1587316 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1587315&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18341076%26dopt%3DAbstract This study was conducted to investigate the effects of different energy and lysine intake on reproductive performance of multiparous sows during late gestation and lactation. Thirty-six sows were allocated to six dietary treatments in a 3 x 2 factorial arrangement and each treatment had six replicates. Three energy levels and two lysine levels were used during late gestation and lactation. The results demonstrated that higher lysine intake improved (p < 0.05) the body condition of sows during both periods and their reproductive performance during lactation. Both, dietary energy and lysine level had a significant effect (p < 0.05) on the composition of colostrum and milk. In general, dietary treatments had no effect on blood metabolites and hormones. These results suggest that energy ... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1587315 Fri, 01 Feb 2008 05:00:00 +0100 1587315 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1587314&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18341077%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Chen SD, Hsieh MC, Chiou MT, Lai YS, Cheng YH The purpose of this study was to test fermentation, for its products of a Chinese medicinal mushroom, Ganoderma lucidum, cultured by submerged fermentation for its effect on growth performance and immunocompetence in weanling piglets. In Experiment 1, 72 weanling piglets were allotted to one of four treatments receiving these fermentation products (GLF, expressed as amount of beta-glucans) at 0 (control), 50, 100, and 150 mg/kg feed for 4 weeks. The results showed that at a supplementation level of 50 mg/kg feed, GLF caused the best growth performance, the highest pseudorabies antibody titre, and a decrease of blood glucose level. It was also demonstrated that GLF up-regulated the cell-mediated immune response related cytokines (IL... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1587314 Fri, 01 Feb 2008 05:00:00 +0100 1587314 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1587313&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18341078%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study three feed additives (hesperetin, naringenin and pectin) for laying hens were investigated on their influence on the egg yolk cholesterol, serum traits and antioxidant activities in hens. Additives were extracted from citrus and grapefruit peels and contained 31.5% crude hesperetin, 39% crude naringenin and 60% galacturonic acid (pectin). Eighty 30-week-old Leghorn laying hens were randomly assigned to four groups and received, for two months, a control diet or diets with 0.05% hesperetin, 0.05% naringenin or 0.5% pectin. All additives reduced the egg yolk cholesterol level significantly. Feeding diets with added flavonoids (hesperetin and naringenin) increased the yolk weight and the ratio of yolk weight/egg weight and the blood serum superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity was ... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1587313 Fri, 01 Feb 2008 05:00:00 +0100 1587313 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1587312&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18341079%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Tygesen MP, Nielsen MO, Nørgaard P, Ranvig H, Harrison AP, Tauson AH We investigated the effect of 50% nutrient restriction during the last 6 weeks of gestation on twin-pregnant ewes' plasma glucose, non-esterified fatty acid, beta-hydroxybutyrate, insulin, IGF-1 and leptin concentrations and the effects on lamb birth weight and ewes' lactation performance. Plasma metabolite and hormone concentrations in restricted ewes suggest that maternal tissues were being mobilised. Despite the ewes' adaptations their lambs weighed significantly less at birth. Furthermore, colostrum and milk yields were markedly reduced up until the latest measurement at 3 weeks post partum despite ad libitum access to feed. Reduced milk yields coincided with reduced plasma IGF-1 concentration pre pa... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1587312 Fri, 01 Feb 2008 05:00:00 +0100 1587312 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1587311&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18341080%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Kudrna V, Marounek M Holstein cows were fed total mixed rations (TMR) supplemented with protected palm fat (PPF), whole sunflower seed (WSS) or extruded linseed (ELS) for 100 days. Percentage of dietary crude fat was 5.3, 5.1 and 5.1, respectively. Diet had no (p > 0.05) effect on feed intake, milk yield or milk protein content. Percentage of milk fat and yield of fat--corrected milk were significantly increased when diets were supplemented with WSS and ELS. Feeding PPF resulted in the lowest (p < 0.05) ruminal concentration of volatile fatty acids. No significant dietary effect on plasma characteristics was observed. Concentration of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) was higher (p < 0.05), and PUFA n-6/n-3 ratio lower (p < 0.05), in the milk fat from cows fed ELS... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1587311 Fri, 01 Feb 2008 05:00:00 +0100 1587311 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1587310&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18341081%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, the time-course and the overall means of serum L-lactate for both groups in both growing and finishing periods (0.44 +/- 0.04 mmol/l and 0.39 +/- 0.02 mmol/l, respectively, for control animal; and 0.54 +/- 0.03 mmol/l and 0.49 +/- 0.01 mmol/l, respectively, for supplemented animals) suggests that malate does not have any beneficial effects in animals fed a diet of similar characteristics to that given in this study. PMID: 18341081 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Archives of Animal Nutrition) Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1587310 Fri, 01 Feb 2008 05:00:00 +0100 1587310 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1587309&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18341082%26dopt%3DAbstract The objective was to evaluate the effect of protein withdrawal on minimum nitrogen excretion in urine (UN), corresponding to endogenous UN, during feeding and subsequent starvation periods. The rats fed the protein free-diet had almost the same excretion of urinary N during feeding and starvation (165 and 157 mg/kg W(0.75)), while it was 444 mg/kg W(0.75) in rats previously fed with protein, demonstrating a major influence of protein content in a diet on N excretion during starvation. Consequently, the impact of former protein supply on N losses during starvation ought to be considered when evaluating minimum N requirement necessary to sustain life. PMID: 18341082 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Archives of Animal Nutrition) Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1587309 Fri, 01 Feb 2008 05:00:00 +0100 1587309 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1587321&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18069615%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Hellwing AL, Tauson AH, Skrede A, Kjos NP, Ahlstrøm O The effect of increasing the dietary content of bacterial protein meal (BPM) on protein turnover rate, and on nucleic acid and creatinine metabolism in growing minks and pigs was investigated in two experiments. In each experiment, 16 animals were allocated to four experimental diets. The diets containing no BPM served as controls, i.e. for minks diet M1, for pigs P1; the experimental diets contained increasing levels of BPM to replace fish meal (minks) or soybean meal (pigs), so that up to 17% (P2), 20% (M2), 35% (P3), 40% (M3), 52% (P4), and 60% (M4) of digestible N was BPM derived. Protein turnover rate was measured by means of the end-product method using [15N]glycine as tracer and urinary nitrogen as end-product. ... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1587321 Sat, 01 Dec 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1587321 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1587320&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18069616%26dopt%3DAbstract The objective of the present study was to examine the effects of hydrocolloidal silver nanoparticles (Ag-nano) on microbial profile of caecum and morphology of enterocytes in duodenum of Japanese quail, as a model animal for poultry. Quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica) (10 d old) were randomly divided into four groups (15 quails each) and located into four cages for 12 days. Quails were fed with granulated diets given ad libitum and had free access to drinking water. Ag-nano were added to drinking water at concentrations of 0, 5, 15 and 25 mg/kg. At the end of the experiment, the animals were killed and samples of duodenum and caeca microflora were collected. This initial investigation demonstrated that silver nanoparticles did not influence emphatically microflora of quail caecum; however... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1587320 Sat, 01 Dec 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1587320 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1587319&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18069617%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, these results illustrate the importance of body reserve mobilization for milk production in sows and indicate that low energy supply during gestation cannot be compensated by higher energy supply during lactation. PMID: 18069617 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Archives of Animal Nutrition) Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1587319 Sat, 01 Dec 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1587319 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1587318&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18069618%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Pluske JR, Kim JC, Hansen CF, Mullan BP, Payne HG, Hampson DJ, Callesen J, Wilson RH The experimental objectives were to verify whether a qualitative measure of creep feed consumption using a dye was related to performance, and associate this with teat order. Indigo carmine (5 g/kg) was added to a starter diet between days 12 and 31 (weaning) of lactation. On days 19, 23, 27 and 31, faeces from each piglet were assessed for colouration. Each piglet was categorized as a 'good', 'moderate' or 'small/non' eater of feed. There were no differences in pre-weaning growth rate between categories. Piglets classed as 'good' or 'moderate' eaters in lactation grew fastest (p = 0.009) in the first three days after weaning, but between days 4 and 7, the highest growth rate occurred in 'mode... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1587318 Sat, 01 Dec 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1587318 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1587317&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18069619%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Scharenberg A, Arrigo Y, Gutzwiller A, Soliva CR, Wyss U, Kreuzer M, Dohme F Three temperate forages, sainfoin, birdsfoot trefoil, and chicory, characterized by elevated contents of plant secondary compounds, were compared to a ryegrass-clover mixture (control) in dried (Experiment 1) and ensiled form (Experiment 2) in their palatability and nutritional value. Palatability was measured in adult wethers (n = 6) allowed to choose between the familiar control forage and one of the three test plants. Palatability index was calculated from differences in intake of control and test plants measured after given times. Generally at first contact, palatability of the unfamiliar plants was low. Lag time until palatability index approached or exceeded a value of 100 was 2-5 d, but could n... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1587317 Sat, 01 Dec 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1587317 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1587328&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18030916%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Rehman HU, Vahjen W, Awad WA, Zentek J The gastrointestinal tract is a dynamic ecosystem containing a complex microbial community. In this paper, the indigenous intestinal bacteria and the microbial fermentation profile particularly short chain fatty acids (SCFA), lactate, and ammonia concentrations are reviewed. The intestinal bacterial composition changes with age. The bacterial density of the small intestine increases with age and comprises of lactobacilli, streptococci, enterobacteria, fusobacteria and eubacteria. Strict anaerobes (anaerobic gram-positive cocci, Eubacterium spp., Clostridium spp., Lactobacillus spp., Fusobacterium spp. and Bacteroides) are predominating caecal bacteria in young broilers. Data from culture-based studies showed that bifidobacteria could not ... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1587328 Mon, 01 Oct 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1587328 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1587327&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18030917%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Partanen K, Siljander-Rasi H, Pentikäinen J, Pelkonen S, Fossi M Two hundred and forty piglets were used in a 2 x 6 factorial experiment to study the effects of weaning age (26 or 36 d) and four formic acid-based feed additives on the performance of pigs from weaning to slaughter. Either formic acid (F) or a mixture of formic acid, propionic acid, and potassium sorbate (FPS) or a mixture of formic acid, propionic acid, and sodium benzoate (FPB) or formic acid in a diatomaceous earth carrier (FD) were added to the diets of weaned piglets (from weaning to 60 d of age) and growing (18-46 kg) and finishing pigs (46-107 kg) to provide 8, 6, and 6 g acid per kg feed, respectively. The negative control treatment's (C) diets contained no growth promoters, whereas the positive con... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1587327 Mon, 01 Oct 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1587327 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1587326&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18030918%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Schumann B, Dänicke S, Meyer U, Ueberschär KH, Breves G The aim of the present study was to examine long-term effects of low levels of ergot alkaloids on growing bulls. Natural grown ergot with a mean total alkaloid concentrations of 633 mg/kg, and ergotamine (25%), ergocristine (15%) and ergosine (13%) as the most prominent alkaloids, was used. In a dose-response study 38 Holstein Friesian bulls were fed with three different doses of this ergot (0, 0.45 and 2.25 g/kg concentrate corresponding to an average total alkaloid concentration of the daily ration of 0, 69 and 421 microg/kg DM) over a period of approximately 230 days. Live weight, feed intake and health condition were monitored over the entire test period. The bulls were slaughtered at a live weight of approx... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1587326 Mon, 01 Oct 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1587326 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1587325&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18030919%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: van Dorland HA, Wettstein HR, Aeschlimann G, Leuenberger H, Kreuzer M Two experiments were conducted with 30 dairy cows each, to study the preference for fresh (Experiment 1) and ensiled (Experiment 2) ryegrass, white and red clover. Both experiments consisted of three choice diets with white or red clover or both, offered with ryegrass, and two diets with ryegrass mixed with white or red clover (40% clover). Cows consumed diets with 37.7% fresh white and 45.9% red clover, and no preference was observed when the cows were offered all three forages. By contrast, cows preferred white and red clover silage (73.0 and 69.2%, respectively) over ryegrass silage (of lower nutritive quality). When offered three forages, cows preferred white (59.8%) over red clover (17.5%) and ryegrass ... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1587325 Mon, 01 Oct 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1587325 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1587324&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18030920%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, the reduction in ruminal ammonia and urine-N losses by sainfoin CT did not improve N-retention. PMID: 18030920 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Archives of Animal Nutrition) Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1587324 Mon, 01 Oct 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1587324 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1587323&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18030921%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, a ration supplemented with both extruded soybeans and bicarbonate plus straw, was an efficient way to increase the CLA content in the milk of dairy cows. PMID: 18030921 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Archives of Animal Nutrition) Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1587323 Mon, 01 Oct 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1587323 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1587322&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18030922%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Tripathi VK, Sehgal JP, Puniya AK, Singh K Fifteen Murrah buffalo calves (age about 10 months, 163-176 kg BW) were divided into three groups. Group I (Control) was fed a complete feed mixture consisted of 50% wheat straw and 50% concentrate mixture (contained per kg: maize 330 g, groundnut cake 210 g, mustard cake 120 g, wheat bran 200 g, de-oiled rice bran 110 g, mineral mixture 20 g and common salt 10 g) along with 2 kg green oats per animal and day to meet the vitamin A requirements. Calves of Groups II and III were fed with the Control diet supplemented with Orpinomyces sp. C-14 and Piromyces sp. WNG-12 cultures, respectively. The digestibility of DM was significantly highest with Piromyces sp. WNG-12 in Group III (62.2%) followed by Orpinomyces sp. C-14 in Group II (60.3%... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1587322 Mon, 01 Oct 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1587322 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1587336&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17760301%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Scharek L, Guth J, Filter M, Schmidt MF To examine the influence of two different probiotic bacteria on the humoral immune system of swine, two animal studies were carried out with sows and their litters. The sows' feed was supplemented with either Enterococcusfaecium NCIMB 10415 (SF68) or Bacillus cereus var. toyoi NCIMB 40112 beginning early in pregnancy. The total IgA content in the faeces as well as the total IgG concentration in the blood of the sows was recorded before and after weaning. The same parameters were determined in the blood and faeces of the piglets. In sows, only feed supplementation with B. cereus led to a clear increase in faecal IgA. Serum IgG levels were not significantly affected by any probiotic feeding in sows. In piglets, the group that was fed B. ce... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1587336 Wed, 01 Aug 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1587336 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1587335&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17760302%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Eberhard M, Hennig U, Kuhla S, Brunner RM, Kleessen B, Metges CC We explored whether bifidobacteria and lactobacilli numbers and other selected bacteria in the upper intestine and the caecum of growing pigs were affected by diet and intake of inulin. Starting at two weeks after weaning (28 d) 72 pigs were fed two types of diets (wheat/barley (WB) or maize/gluten (MG)), without or with 3% inulin (WB + I, MG + I) for three and six weeks. Intestinal bacteria were quantified by fluorescence-in-situ-hybridization (n = 8/group). Duration of feeding had no effect on the variables tested, so data for both periods were pooled. Gastric total bacteria amounted to log(10) 7.4/g digesta. Bifidobacteria were detected in stomach and duodenum two weeks after weaning and disappeared thereafter... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1587335 Wed, 01 Aug 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1587335 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1587334&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17760303%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Döll S, Goyarts T, Tiemann U, Dänicke S A complete 2 x 3 two factorial design was applied to investigate the effects of Fusarium-infected wheat (2.5 mg DON/kg, 0, 25 and 50% of the diets), feed processing (mash and pellets) and the interactions thereof on fattening pigs (96, n= 16/group). Feed-to-gain ratio was significantly increased by contaminated wheat (2.65; 2.62 and 2.73 kg/kg for diets containing 0, 25 and 50% Fusarium-infected wheat, respectively) while digestibility of nutrients and metabolizable energy were not affected by the wheat batch. The feed processing also resulted in significant differences in feed-to-gain ratio but was accompanied by significant effects on the digestibility of organic matter and crude fat and on the metabolizable energy. Clinical ... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1587334 Wed, 01 Aug 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1587334 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1587333&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17760304%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Dänicke S, Goyarts T, Valenta H A 35-day feeding experiment was performed with weaned piglets (initial live weight of 7.7 +/- 1 kg) to test the effects of a Fusarium toxin contamination of the diet (4.44 mg deoxynivalenol [DON] per kg diet) compared to an uncontaminated control diet. Both diet types were fed either unsupplemented or supplemented with a polymeric glucomannan mycotoxin adsorbent (GMA) to examine the claimed efficacy of detoxification of this feed additive through unspecific performance parameters and the specific proof of the prevention of DON absorption. Feeding of the mycotoxin-contaminated diets resulted in a decrease in feed intake and live weight gain by 28% and 14% when compared to the control group. These effects were independent of GMA addition. Bas... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1587333 Wed, 01 Aug 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1587333 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1587332&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17760305%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Schøyen HF, Svihus B, Storebakken T, Skrede A The effects of replacing soybean meal or fish meal with 2, 4 or 6% bacterial protein meal (BPM) on growth performance, ileal digestibility of amino acids and sensory quality of meat, were examined using 630 broiler chickens. Weight gain from 7-32 days of age did not differ significantly among the treatments. Efficiency of feed conversion was increased when BPM replaced soybean meal, and abdominal fat deposition tended to decline. Feed conversion was not affected when BPM replaced fish meal. Amino acid digestibility was unaffected or improved when BPM replaced soybean meal, whereas replacement of fishmeal with BPM resulted in similar digestibility. Sensory quality of fresh thigh meat was similar among treatments, but for freeze... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1587332 Wed, 01 Aug 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1587332 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1587331&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17760306%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Liu Y, Guo Y, Wang Z, Nie W The effects of dietary supplemental magnesium oxide (MgO), magnesium-L-aspartate (MgAsp) and monomagnesium-di-L-aspartate (MgdiAsp) on hepatic catalase (CAT) activity and its mRNA expression were investigated. A total of 360 one-day-old male Abor Acre broiler chickens were allocated to ten treatments, i.e. control plus 9 treatments from 3 x 3 factorial arrangement (Mg source, Mg level), each treatment with six replicates of 6 chickens. The birds were fed with the basal diet alone or supplemented with magnesium (Mg) at 0.9, 1.8, 2.7 g/kg of the diet from MgO, MgAsp or MgdiAsp. Results showed that hepatic Mg concentration increased quadratically as MgO or MgAsp supplementation increased (p < 0.01). Hepatic CAT activity increased linearly in birds f... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1587331 Wed, 01 Aug 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1587331 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1587330&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17760307%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Chen P, Ou Y, Li S The experiment was conducted to determine the effect of different protein sources on concentration of small peptides (Pro-Ala, Val-Val, Pro-Leu, Met-Met) in the rumen fluid of sheep. Four Inner Mongolia Sunite sheep fitted with permanent cannulas were used in a 4 x 4 Latin square design, and fed four different protein sources including soybean meal (SBM), casein (Casein), fish meal (FM) and corn gluten meal (CGM), respectively. The results showed that the concentration of Pro-Ala peaked in Casein, FM, CGM groups at 2 h after feeding, whereas the highest level was measured at 6 h after feeding in SBM group. Val-Val and Pro-Leu production were highest at 6 h after feeding Casein and CGM diets and 4 h after feeding SBM and FM diets, respectively. During 6 h aft... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1587330 Wed, 01 Aug 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1587330 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1587329&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17760308%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Böhme H, Rudloff E, Schöne F, Schumann W, Hüther L, Flachowsky G The nutritive value of genetically modified myristic acid-rich rapeseed, in which a acyl-thioesterase gene inserted, was studied. Crude nutrients, amino acid and fatty acid profiles as well as mineral and glucosinolate contents were determined and compared with those of the non-transgenic parental cultivar. The concentration of crude nutrients, minerals and amino acids were found to be within the range of natural variance. The myristic and palmitic acid content increased from 0.1 - 11.4% and from 3.6-20%, respectively, at the expense of oleic acid, which decreased from 68.6-42.6% of total fatty acids. The glucosinolate contents increased from 12.4 micromol/g in the parental plant to 19 micromol/g D... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1587329 Wed, 01 Aug 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1587329 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1587342&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17578258%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Santschi DE, Girard CL Biotin is present in nature either free or as biocytin, which is only degraded under the action of a specific enzyme: biotinidase. This enzyme is not included in analytical assays generally used. A method for sample preparation using biotinidase was developed in our laboratory before analysis by ELISA. Three cows equipped with duodenal and ileal cannulae were used to compare the effects of methods of sample preparation on calculations of apparent ruminal synthesis and intestinal absorption of biotin. There was no apparent ruminal synthesis of biotin, no matter whether free or total biotin was measured (p = 0.84). Results also suggested that rumen microbes cannot utilize nor degrade biocytin present in the feed. Estimates of apparent intestinal absorption... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1587342 Fri, 01 Jun 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1587342 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1587341&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17578259%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, the good agreement between our values of EE(conceptus) and those in the literature indicates the method's validity. PMID: 17578259 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Archives of Animal Nutrition) Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1587341 Fri, 01 Jun 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1587341 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1587340&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17578260%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Heger J, Patrás P, Nitrayová S, Dolesová P, Sommer A An experiment was conducted in young pigs (initial BW 10.1 kg) to estimate the maintenance requirement for histidine and its efficiency of utilization for protein accretion using a comparative slaughter technique. Three groups of six pigs each were fed a purified diet supplying 0, 14 or 56 mg histidine per kg BW0.75. Following 21 d of feeding, pigs were killed for whole body compositional analysis. A representative group of six pigs was killed at the beginning of the experiment. Retention of histidine and total N were the main criteria of response. Histidine retention (R2 = 0.73) and N retention (R2 = 0.78) were linear functions of histidine intake (p < 0.001). Histidine requirement for zero histidine reten... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1587340 Fri, 01 Jun 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1587340 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1587339&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17578261%26dopt%3DAbstract The objective of the present study was to characterize the antigenic specificity of purified soybean beta-conglycinin and to investigate its effects on the growth and immune responses of rats. Thirty-two Brown Norway rats, 3 weeks of age, were randomly allotted to one of four treatments and individually fed casein-cornstarch based diets. Rats were sensitised by means of intragastric gavage with purified beta-conglycinin (0, 5, 10 or 20 mg protein/ml in phosphate buffered saline at pH 7.4) on day 0, 7, 14, and 21 (1 ml/animal). On day 28, rats received a double dose of beta-conglycinin. Blood was obtained at weekly intervals after initiation of challenge. Growth declined linearly with increasing the concentration of soybean beta-conglycinin (p < 0.05). Both the total IgE and beta-conglyc... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1587339 Fri, 01 Jun 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1587339 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1587338&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17578262%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Juśkiewicz J, Zduńczyk Z, Frejnagel S The effects of different modes of inulin supplementation on caecal fermentation were evaluated in rats. Groups S and IN were fed diets containing 5% of sucrose or inulin, respectively, for the whole experimental period of 40 days. Group IN/S was fed IN and S diets, whereas group S/IN was fed S and IN diets, in the first and the second 20-day period, respectively. Groups IN(up) and IN(down) were fed diets in which the content of inulin increased from 1-5% and decreased from 5-1%, every 8 days, respectively. The common effects of inulin on caecal fermentation, i.e. enlargement of tissue, acidification of digesta, a decrease in activities of potentially harmful bacterial enzymes (beta-glucuronidase and beta-glucosidase), and an in... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1587338 Fri, 01 Jun 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1587338 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1587337&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17578263%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Skrede A, Sahlstrøm S, Ahlstrøm O, Connor KH, Skrede G The experiment was conducted to study the effects of fermentation of barley, using two different strains of lactic acid bacteria, a Lactobacillus plantarum/pentosus strain isolated from spontaneously fermented rye sourdough (AD2) and a starch-degrading Lactobacillus plantarum (AM4), on contents of mixed-linked (1 --> 3) (1 --> 4)-beta-glucans, alpha-amylase inhibitor activity, inositol phosphates, and apparent digestibility of macronutrients in mink. Effects of fermentation were compared with effects of gamma irradiation (gamma-irradiation: 60Co gamma-rays at 25 kGy). The diets were fed to mink with and without a supplementary enzyme preparation. Both lactic acid fermentation and gamma-irradiation followed ... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1587337 Fri, 01 Jun 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1587337 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1587349&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17451107%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, results suggest that SPI-induced changes in protein and amino acid metabolism as well as in redox homeostasis and antioxidative potential in growing pigs persist 4 weeks after the cessation of SPI feeding. PMID: 17451107 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Archives of Animal Nutrition) Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1587349 Sun, 01 Apr 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1587349 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1587348&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17451108%26dopt%3DAbstract This study has shown that the mono- and multi-enzyme preparation can lead to improved performance in wheat based diets for piglets. Like in poultry, the main mode of action seems to be the reduction of small intestinal viscosity. However, the generation of fermentable carbohydrates by the multi-enzyme preparation may mask beneficial effects on performance due to the development of an active bile acid deconjugating microbiota in the small intestine. PMID: 17451108 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Archives of Animal Nutrition) Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1587348 Sun, 01 Apr 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1587348 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1587347&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17451109%26dopt%3DAbstract The objective of the present experiment was to study the relationship between in vitro utilizable true protein (uTP) and in vivo-uTP of sheep rations by regression analysis. A further aim was to analyse if in vivo-uTP of mixed rations could be predicted by regression analysis between in vitro-uTP and in vivo-uTP, using N-retention of sheep as important evaluation criteria of protein value. Three adult male sheep (body weight [BW] 46 + 1.3 kg) fitted with rumen cannulas and simple T-type duodenal cannulas were fed with twelve typical rations with graded levels of crude protein and true protein in four experiments according a 3 x 3 Latin square design. Each experimental period included an adaptation (7 days), a N balance trial (4 days) and a collection of duodenal digesta (3 days). During co... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1587347 Sun, 01 Apr 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1587347