MedWorm.com provides a medical RSS filtering service. Over 6000 RSS medical sources are combined and output via different filters. This feed contains the latest items from the 'Archives of Animal Nutrition' source. Sat, 10 Oct 2009 19:28:02 +0100 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2536596&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19489452%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: De Campeneere S, De Boever JL, Vanacker JM, Messens W, De Brabander DL Feeding measures with a potential to improve N efficiency in dairy cattle husbandry were studied at two levels of undegradable protein balance (OEB). In each of the two experiments, two simultaneous Latin squares were conducted, each with three treatments and three lactating Holstein cows. Decreasing the OEB of the diet improved N efficiency and resulted in lower N excretion per kg milk. To avoid a negative effect of the decreased OEB on the production results, spreading the concentrate intake (as TMR or in five meals) seemed to be most promising, although only few significant effects were found. The use of protected protein sources or the addition of clinoptilolite were not successful in improving N-effici... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2536596 Tue, 31 Mar 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2536596 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2536595&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19489453%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Tayo GO, Tang SX, Tan ZL, Sun ZH, Wang M, Zhou CS, Han XF Four black Liuyang wether goats were fed with corn stover and concentrate formulated to contain four levels of dietary phosphorus (P), including 0.129, 0.140, 0.162 and 0.180% of P. In a 4 x 4 Latin square experiment the endogenous faecal P loss was determined by the regression technique and the substitution method. Treatment effects on faecal and urinary P output, apparent P digestibility and P retention, and saliva P secretion were not significant. A linear relationship was observed between apparent faecal digestible P (Y, g/kg DMI) and P intake (X, g/kg DMI), which was described by the equation: Y = 0.4799 X -0.9209, r2 = 0.9869, (p < 0.05). The true P digestibility determined by the regression technique and the s... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2536595 Tue, 31 Mar 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2536595 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2536594&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19489454%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Petersson A, Domig KJ, Nagel P, Zollitsch W, Hagmüller W, Kneifeld W The aim of this study was to determine the influence of different feeding strategies on the gut microbiota of organic growing-finishing pigs. A total of 76 pigs were allocated to four different dietary treatments (control, probiotics, maize silage and grass silage). Effects of the applied probiotic preparation on the composition of the intestinal and faecal microbiota were monitored. By using a DGGE (denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis)-based methodology, fingerprints of the intestinal microbiota were obtained. The total microbial DNA was isolated from faecal and colon samples and amplified with PCR using different primer sets to detect bifidobacteria and lactobacilli. PCR products were separated usi... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2536594 Tue, 31 Mar 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2536594 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2536593&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19489455%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Bühler K, Bucher B, Wenk C, Broz J In a feeding trial with 32 crossbred gilts (13-108 kg bodyweight) the effect of benzoic acid (5 g/kg diet) in low (NDF: 150 g/kg DM) and high (NDF: 202 g/kg DM) fibre diets on performance and apparent nutrient digestibility was examined. The animals were restrictively fed one of four grower and finisher diets: low fibre diet without and with benzoic acid (LF- and LF+), and a high fibre diet without and with benzoic acid (HF- and HF+). At 56 kg bodyweight, four animals per diet were slaughtered to obtain data on volatile fatty acid (VFA) production in the gut. In the grower period, digestibility of nitrogen, energy and neutral detergent fibre was positively influenced by benzoic acid (p < 0.01) and reduced by fibre addition (p < 0.0... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2536593 Tue, 31 Mar 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2536593 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2536592&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19489456%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, the effect of phytase in barley-based diets for finishing pigs on all response criteria measured in this study, except apparent total tract N digestibility, was not influenced by protein source. PMID: 19489456 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Archives of Animal Nutrition) Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2536592 Tue, 31 Mar 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2536592 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2536591&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19489457%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Skiba G, Raj S, Weremko D, Fandrejewski H The study was conducted to determine the changes in growth rate, protein deposition, concentration of nucleic acids, and activity of calpain enzymes in the longissimus dorsi muscle of pigs, which received a low protein and low energy diet from 25-50 kg bodyweight (BW) followed by adequate feeding to 105 kg BW in comparison with pigs fed adequately throughout the study. The muscle of pigs subjected to limitation tended to grow slower and deposit less protein daily (by 25%, p < 0.10), but have a significantly lower DNA concentration (by 13%, p < 0.01). The activity of micro- and m-calpain was also significantly lower compared with control pigs (0.942 vs. 1.92 and 0.246 vs. 0.403 U/g, respectively). After resumption of adequate feed... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2536591 Tue, 31 Mar 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2536591 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2536590&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19489458%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Swanson KS, Belsito KR, Vester BM, Schook LB Obesity is a major problem in today's dog population, with aged animals having an increased susceptibility to obesity-related comorbidities. A molecular approach to studying adipose tissue may enhance our understanding of its role in energy homeostasis and the disease process. Thus, the objective of this study was to use canine microarrays to compare gene expression profiles of adipose tissue from geriatric and young adult dogs. Adipose tissue samples were collected from six geriatric (12 year-old) and six young adult (one-year-old) female beagles after being fed one of two diets (animal protein-based vs. plant protein-based) for 12 months. RNA samples were hybridised to canine microarrays. Statistical analyses indicated that age ha... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2536590 Tue, 31 Mar 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2536590 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2265184&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19271547%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, the present study shows that young pigs have a high capacity to absorb carnitine from the diet. It is also shown that plasma and tissue carnitine concentrations in young pigs can be markedly increased by supplementation of carnitine. PMID: 19271547 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Archives of Animal Nutrition) Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2265184 Sun, 01 Feb 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2265184 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2265183&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19271548%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Gutzwiller A, Gafner JL, Stoll P Nine gilts weighing 80 kg at the beginning of the trial were fed a mycotoxin contaminated diet containing 2 mg deoxynivalenol (DON) and 0.4 mg zearalenone (ZON) per kg (Diet M). Their daily weight gain until 103 kg BW was reduced in comparison to the nine control animals fed an uncontaminated diet (Diet C) (763 vs. 912 g; p = 0.02). There was no treatment effect on the age at first observed oestrus. Seven and eight gilts receiving Diet M and C, respectively, became pregnant after being mated once or being again mated three weeks later. The examination of the uteri of gilts slaughtered 35-61 days after mating showed that the exposure to DON and ZON had no effect on the number of foetuses per gilt (p = 0.54), but increased their growth rate (p = ... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2265183 Sun, 01 Feb 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2265183 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2265181&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19271549%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, the time course of functional rumen epithelium adaptation after a change from hay feeding (ad libitum) to a mixed hay/concentrate diet was monitored by measuring Na+ transport rates in Ussing chamber experiments. A total of 18 sheep were subjected to different periods of mixed hay/concentrate feeding ranging from 0 weeks (control; hay ad libitum) to 12 weeks (800 g hay plus 800 g concentrate per day in two equal portions). For each animal, the net absorption of sodium was measured following the mixed hay/concentrate feeding period. Net Na transport, Jnet, significantly rose from 2.15 +/- 0.43 (control) to 3.73 +/- 1.02 microeq x cm(-2) x h(-1) after one week of mixed hay/ concentrate diet, reached peak levels of 4.55 +/- 0.50 microEq x cm(-2) x h(-1) after four weeks and lev... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2265181 Sun, 01 Feb 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2265181 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2265179&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19271550%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Yáñez-Ruiz DR, Martín-García AI, Weisbjerg MR, Hvelplund T, Molina-Alcaide E The potential of different legume seeds species, including recently new developed varieties (Vicia faba: a commercial variety and varieties Alameda, Palacio and Baraka; Lupinus angustifolius; Pisum sativum and Cicer arietinum: varieties Fardon and Zegri) as protein supplements to low quality forages was evaluated. First, the chemical composition, in vitro digestibility, in situ degradability and in vitro/in situ intestinal digestibility of legume seeds were determined. The chemical composition was rather similar within genus. Vicia faba beans contained more condensed tannins (35.8-56.4 g/kg DM) and less ether extract (12.8-9.5 g/kg DM) than the other legumes. The rumen degradabilit... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2265179 Sun, 01 Feb 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2265179 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2265178&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19271551%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Niu Z, Liu F, Yan Q, Li L An experiment was undertaken to evaluate the effect of dietary selenium (Se) levels on growth performance and immune competence of broilers under heat stress. Birds were raised in either a thermoneutral (TN, 23.9 degrees C constant) or heat stress conditions (HS, 23.9 degrees C to 38 degrees C cycling) and were fed a corn-soybean meal basal diet supplemented with Se at 0, 0.2 and 0.4 mg/kg. A total of 240 one-day-old male broiler chicks were randomly assigned to six groups; each group had four replicates of 10 birds. Body weight and feed intake were not influenced by dietary Se, while feed conversion was significantly improved by a Se-supplementation of 0.2 mg/kg. HS significantly reduced body weight, feed intake and feed conversion. Numbers of abdomi... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2265178 Sun, 01 Feb 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2265178 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2265177&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19271552%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, the results suggested that either AELL or EESC may improve antioxidant status and immune function of broilers. PMID: 19271552 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Archives of Animal Nutrition) Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2265177 Sun, 01 Feb 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2265177 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2265176&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19271553%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Westfahl CP, Wolf P, Kamphues J To determine the endogenous losses of macro minerals via excrements, adult amazons (Amazona spp., n=5) were fed a purified diet supplemented with vitamins, trace elements and amino acids according to recommendations for poultry, but almost free of calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, sodium and potassium. The diet was offered ad libitum for nine days and was compared to mineral excretion when fed a commercial seed mixture. Daily dry matter (DM) intake was 22.2 g DM/bird (16.3 MJ ME/kg DM) compared to 8.18 g DM/bird when offered a commercial seed mixture (20.0 MJ ME/kg DM). Daily amounts of excreta corresponded to the physiological amounts of this species (5.2 g DM/bird). The digestibility of organic matter was similar for the purified diet and seeds ... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2265176 Sun, 01 Feb 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2265176 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2111315&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19143227%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Schedle K, Pfaffl MW, Plitzner C, Meyer HH, Windisch W The effects of insoluble dietary fibre differing in lignin content on intestinal morphology and mRNA expression was tested in an animal model of 48 weaned piglets. Engaged fibre sources were wheat bran (rich in cellulose and hemicellulose) and pollen from Chinese Masson pine (Pinus massoniana) (rich in lignin), respectively. The fibre sources were added to a basal diet as follows: no addition (control), 3.0% wheat bran, 1.27% pine pollen, and 2.55% pine pollen. The 12 animals of each feeding group were fed four experimental diets ad libitum for 37 days and were then slaughtered for retrieving tissue samples from stomach, jejunum, ileum, colon and mesenterial lymph nodes. Both fibre sources increased villus height of mucosa... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2111315 Mon, 01 Dec 2008 05:00:00 +0100 2111315 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2111314&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19143228%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Binter C, Khol-Parisini A, Hellweg P, Gerner W, Schäfer K, Hulan HW, Saalmüller A, Zentek J The maternal-fetal transfer and subsequent uptake of sow milk enriched with n-6- or n-3-polyunsaturated fatty acids may not only influence neonatal body fat but may also have an impact on the immune function of newborn piglets. Sows were fed a diet containing sunflower oil as n-6-source or oil from seal blubber with long chain polyunsaturated n-3-fatty acids during pregnancy and lactation. Sow serum was investigated during pregnancy and serum and milk during lactation; piglet serum and liver were investigated in the suckling period until day 19. Piglet leukocyte subpopulations were characterised by flow cytometry and leukocyte proliferation was tested after stimulation with mi... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2111314 Mon, 01 Dec 2008 05:00:00 +0100 2111314 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2111313&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19143229%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, the PCR-SSCP-based technique in conjunction with non-metric multidimensional scaling was sufficiently sensitive to detect and compare changes in composition of rumen microbial community structure in vitro as affected by diet and other environmental factors. PMID: 19143229 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Archives of Animal Nutrition) Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2111313 Mon, 01 Dec 2008 05:00:00 +0100 2111313 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2111312&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19143230%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Bartl K, Gomez CA, García M, Aufdermauer T, Kreuzer M, Hess HD, Wettstein HR Two identical experimental protocols were followed at 200 and 3,600 m above sea level (a.s.l.) determining the changes of the milk fatty acid (FA) profile of Brown Swiss (BS) and indigenous Peruvian Criollo cows (CR) as a response to diets which were designed to cover the variation in feed quality caused by season. At each site (altitude), six BS and six CR cows, adapted to > 3,500 m a.s.l., were fed three dietary treatments (DS, dry-season forage; RS rainy-season forage; OC, diet optimised to meet the cow's requirements) in a 2 x 2 x 3-factorial arrangement. Intakes of FA and milk yield increased from diet DS (low quality diet) to RS and OC (high quality diet) for both cow types. Milk fat pro... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2111312 Mon, 01 Dec 2008 05:00:00 +0100 2111312 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2111311&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19143231%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Fischer J, Bosse A, Pallauf J An experiment investigated the effect of different selenium supplementations on the antioxidant defence system and on the occurrence of muscle dystrophy in growing turkeys. Newly hatched male turkeys (B.U.T. Big 6) were divided into eight groups of 18 turkeys each and fed either a basal diet (selenium < 0.010 mg/kg diet), or the basal diet supplemented with 0.10; 0.15; 0.20; 0.25; 0.30; 0.35 or 0.40 mg selenium/kg diet in the form of sodium selenate. Vitamin E was adequately supplemented in all diets. After 35 days, muscle damage parameters including aspartate aminotransferase, creatine kinase, creatine kinase M and B were significantly increased in the selenium deficient Group I. A significant reduction of weight gain, feed consumption and sel... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2111311 Mon, 01 Dec 2008 05:00:00 +0100 2111311 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1903223&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18942582%26dopt%3DAbstract This study evaluated the effects of feeding pigs low protein (LP) diets for different lengths of time after weaning on indices of protein fermentation, the incidence of postweaning diarrhoea (PWD), growth performance, and total-tract apparent digestibility. Sixty weaner pigs weighing 6.1 +/- 0.13 kg (mean +/- SEM) were used in a completely randomised design having five treatments: (i) a high protein diet (HP, 243 g/kg CP) fed for 14 d after weaning (HP14); (ii) a low protein diet (LP, 173 g CP/kg) fed for 5 d after weaning (LP5); (iii) LP diet fed for 7 d after weaning (LP7); (iv) LP diet fed for 10 d after weaning (LP10), and (v) LP diet fed for 14 d after weaning (LP14). All diets were supplemented with lysine, methionine, tryptophan and threonine, with all LP diets additionally fortifie... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1903223 Wed, 01 Oct 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1903223 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1903222&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18942583%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Vlková E, Rada V, Trojanová I, Killer J, Smehilová M, Molatová Z The development of faecal bacteria composition in calves fed milk or a combined diet was investigated from 4 to 21 days of age. On day 7, bifidobacteria in faeces of milk-fed calves already increased from about 7.6 to 9.2 log CFU/g and did not change until the end of the study, whereas in calves fed the combined diet bifidobacteria only moderately increased to 7.9 log CFU/g and decreased slowly until day 21. The counts of bifidobacteria in calves on a combined diet were significantly (p < 0.01) lower compared to those in milk-fed calves. Bifidobacterial counts determined by cultivation or by fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH) did not differ significantly. Our results showed that the ... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1903222 Wed, 01 Oct 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1903222 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1903221&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18942584%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Marounek M, Skrivanová V, Výborná A, Dusková D Three groups of six calves each were fed a milk replacer at 0.8 kg and a starter concentrate ad libitum. Calves of the control group received the basal diet supplemented with rapeseed oil at 10 g per kg of feed solids. Calves of treatment groups were fed diets supplemented with a synthetically produced oil containing 62.3% methyl esters of CLA. The CLA-oil was added to milk at expense of rapeseed oil and fed at 5 and 10 g x kg(-1) feed solids for 63 days. Calves were slaughtered at 115 days of age. There was no significant effect of CLA on growth, intake of starter, feed conversion, chemical composition of meat and its oxidative stability. Dietary supplementation with CLA at 10 g x kg(-1) significantly increase... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1903221 Wed, 01 Oct 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1903221 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1903220&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18942585%26dopt%3DAbstract The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of isobutyrate supplementations on rumen fermentation, urinary excretion of purine derivatives and feed digestibility in steers. Eight ruminally cannulated Simmental steers were used in a replicated 4 x 4 Latin square experiment. On DM basis, diet consisted of 60% corn stover and 40% concentrate. Dry matter intake (averaged 9 kg/d) was restricted to 90% of ad libitum intake. The four treatment groups received a daily dose of 0 (control), 8.4, 16.8 or 25.2 g isobutyrate per steer. With increasing isobutyrate supplementation total VFA concentration (range 64.2-74.0 mM) was significantly enhanced. The ratio of acetate to propionate (range 2.72-4.25) was also significantly increased due to the increase in actate production and decrease in... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1903220 Wed, 01 Oct 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1903220 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1903219&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18942586%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Juśkiewicza J, Zduńczyk Z, Jankowski J, Król B, Milala J In a four-week experiment on 60 7-day-old BUT-9 male turkeys the effects of dietary fructooligosaccharides (pure nystose and a fructooligosaccharide mixture) supplemented at 1 and 2%, were studied on ileal and caecal metabolism. The control carbohydrate was cellulose, added also at 1 or 2%. Each dietary treatment consists of 10 birds kept individually. The average degree of polymerisation of the nystose and oligofructose preparation amounted to 2.9 and 4.1, respectively. The addition of nystose significantly decreased the pH value and viscosity in the ileal contents compared with the cellulose treatment. On the other hand, the oligofructose preparation increased the activity of sucrase and lactase in the... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1903219 Wed, 01 Oct 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1903219 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1903218&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18942587%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Youssef IM, Westfahl C, Sünder A, Liebert F, Kamphues J Male broiler chicks (n=120) were fed diets containing 0, 5, 10 or 15% dried distillers' grains with solubles (DDGS) from the 12th day up to the end of fattening (day 35). During this period feed intake, weight gain and excreta quality (pH, DM) were tested. A digestibility trial was carried out on four birds from each group on the last five days of the experiment to determine the digestibility of organic matter and CP of the different diets. The protein digestibility was evaluated using three different methods; uric acid correction, alpha-amino-N and amino acid-N. There were no significant effects of increased DDGS levels on feed intake, weight gain, excreta quality or digestibility of CP and organic matter. However, ... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1903218 Wed, 01 Oct 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1903218 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1903217&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18942588%26dopt%3DAbstract The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of supplementing swine finishing diets with two levels of magnesium aspartate (MgAsp) and short-term transportation stress on blood parameters, pork quality and the mRNA abundance of p-calpain and calpastatin in muscles of finishing pigs. Thirty-six crossbred finishing pigs (mean BW 90 kg) were assigned randomly to 0, 1000, or 2000 mg supplemental Mg from MgAsp per kg of diet for five days before slaughter. Then six pigs from each dietary treatment were subjected either to no transportation stress (NTS) or 2 h of transportation stress (TS). Transportation stress resulted in higher concentrations (p < 0.01) of serum calcium, glucose and cortisol, lower pH (p < 0.01), higher Warner-Bratzler shear force (WBSF) (p < 0.05) and ... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1903217 Wed, 01 Oct 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1903217 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1761268&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18763622%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Dänicke S, Beineke A, Goyarts T, Valenta H, Beyer M, Humpf HU The aim of the present experiment was to test the effects of a wet preservation of triticale contaminated mainly with deoxynivalenol (DON) with sodium metabisulphite (Na2S2O5, SBS) on growth performance, liver function, clinical-chemical plasma parameters and organ histopathology of piglets. For this purpose both the uncontaminated control triticale and the DON contaminated triticale were included in the piglet diet either untreated (CON, FUS) or SBS-treated (CON-SBS, FUS-SBS) and fed for 28 d starting from weaning. The dietary concentrations of DON and DON sulfonate (DONS), the DON derivative resulting from the SBS treatment, amounted to 0.156, 0.084, 2.312 and 0.275 mg DON per kg CON, CON-SBS, FUS and FUS-SBS... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1761268 Fri, 01 Aug 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1761268 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1761267&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18763623%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Keese C, Meyer U, Rehage J, Spilke J, Boguhn J, Breves G, Dänicke S Feeding a total mixed ration with 50% concentrate and a mean deoxynivalenol (DON) concentration of 5.3 mg/kg DM to 13 German Holstein cows in early lactation (Myco group) resulted in alterations in the ruminal fermentation patterns (lower molar percentage of acetate and isobutyrate, higher molar percentage of valerate) compared to the 14 control cows (Period 1, 11 weeks). In the Myco group, significantly lower ruminal pH value occurred in weeks 4 and 8 and lower minimum pH values critical for developing subacute ruminal acidosis were detected. Accordingly, the net acid base excretion in the urine and the base-to-acid ratio were lower (significant in week 8 only). These effects probably resulted from a hig... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1761267 Fri, 01 Aug 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1761267 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1761266&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18763624%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Borutova R, Faix S, Placha I, Gresakova L, Cobanova K, Leng L Effects of dietary contamination with various levels of deoxynivalenol (DON) and zearalenone (ZEA) were investigated on Ross 308 hybrid broilers of both sexes. After hatching, all chickens were fed an identical control diet for two weeks. Then chickens of Group 1 received a diet contaminated with DON and ZEA, both being 3.4 mg kg(-1), while Group 2 received DON and ZEA at 8.2 and 8.3 mg kg(-1), respectively. The diet of the control group contained background levels of mycotoxins. Samples of blood and tissues were collected after two weeks. Intake of both contaminated diets resulted in a significantly decreased activity of glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and increased level of malondialdehyde (MDA) in liver tissue, whil... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1761266 Fri, 01 Aug 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1761266 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1761265&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18763625%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, it was found that glycinin stimulated local and systemic immune responses in allergic piglets and had negative effects on piglet performance. The severity of the immune reactions depends on the dose of glycinin with higher doses causing more severe symptoms. PMID: 18763625 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Archives of Animal Nutrition) Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1761265 Fri, 01 Aug 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1761265 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1761264&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18763626%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Zhao Y, Qin G, Sun Z, Zhang X, Bao N, Wang T, Zhang B, Zhang B, Zhu D, Sun L Soybean allergy represents a health threat to human and animals. Glycinin and beta-conglycinin, the main storage proteins in soybean, have been identified as major food/ feed allergens. The present study was conducted to investigate the disappearance of immunoreactive glycinin and beta-conglycinin in the digestive processes of piglets. Twelve crossbred piglets, weaned at 21 days of age, were allocated to three dietary treatments in a complete block design, each treatment with four replicates (female/male = 1:1). From day 22-28, the control group was fed diets without leguminous products, while the two treatment groups received diets containing 2.2% purified glycinin or beta-conglycinin. All piglets we... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1761264 Fri, 01 Aug 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1761264 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1761263&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18763627%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Jørgensen H, Zhao XQ, Theil PK, Jakobsen K The effect of feeding 0, 4, 8 and 16% rapeseed oil from 12-42 days of age was studied in broiler chickens on performance, digestibility of nutrients, and development of gastrointestinal tract, protein and energy metabolism. Thirty six female chickens (Ross 208) with initial body weight average 246 g were allocated to the four groups and kept pair-wise in metabolism cages. The chickens were fed similar amounts of metabolisable energy (ME) per day and similar amounts of essential amino acids relative to ME by adjusting with crystalline amino acids. The chickens were subjected to four balance periods each of five days with two 24 h measurements of gas exchange in two open-air-circuit respiration chambers inserted on the second and t... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1761263 Fri, 01 Aug 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1761263 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1603682&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18610533%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Baumgärtel T, Metzler BU, Mosenthin R, Greiner R, Rodehutscord M Three different carbohydrate sources (cellulose on wood basis, maize starch and apple pectin) in combination with a low phosphorus (P) basal diet were fed to eight pigs fitted with single ileum-T-cannulas in a balance trial. The effects on net disappearance of dry matter, N, P and Ca as well as phytate (IP6) degradation in the intestine were studied. A basal diet and three diets supplemented with 25% of one carbohydrate source were applied in three experimental periods following an incomplete Latin Square design. Animals were housed individually in balance crates. After 15 days of adaptation to the diets, five days of total excreta collection were followed by two days of spot sampling of ileal digesta. The r... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1603682 Sun, 01 Jun 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1603682 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1603681&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18610534%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Heger J, Patrás P, Nitrayová S, Karcol J, Dolesová P An experiment was carried out on weaner pigs (initial BW 10.8 kg) to estimate the maintenance requirement for lysine (Lys) and its marginal efficiency of utilisation using a comparative slaughter technique. Three groups of six pigs each were fed purified diets for 21 days supplying Lys at 19.5, 78 or 195 mg/kg W0.75, which corresponded to 50, 200 or 500% of the assumed maintenance requirement. All other essential amino acids were given at 50% excess. At the end of the experiment, pigs were killed for whole-body nitrogen (N) and amino acid analysis. A representative group of six pigs was analysed at the beginning of the experiment. Based on regression equations, relating Lys or N retention to Lys intake, Lys re... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1603681 Sun, 01 Jun 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1603681 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1603680&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18610535%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Giguére A, Girard CL, Matte JJ Growth performance, metabolic variables, and meat quality were measured in 78 growing-finishing pigs using supplements of 0 (C), or 0.2% of DL-methionine (M), and three combinations of folic acid [mg/kg] and cyanocobalamin [microg/kg], respectively 0 and 0 (V0), 10 and 25 (V1), and 10 and 150 (V2) in a 2 x 3 factorial arrangement. Feed conversion was lower (p = 0.05) in M than in C pigs during the growing period (0-4 weeks). Both V1 and V2 treatments increased plasma vitamin B12 (p < 0.01) and decreased plasma homocysteine (p < 0.01). Plasma 5-methyl-tetrahydrofolates were the lowest, highest and intermediate in V0, V1 and V2 pigs (p < 0.04), respectively. In V2 meat, folates were 32% higher, vitamin B12, 55% higher and homocysteine... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1603680 Sun, 01 Jun 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1603680 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1603679&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18610536%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Stemme K, Lebzien P, Flachowsky G, Scholz H The aim of the study was to examine the effects of an elevated dietary cobalt supply to dairy cows on rumen fermentation parameters and microbial vitamin B12 synthesis in the rumen. Five lactating dairy cows fitted with a ruminal and a duodenal cannula were subsequently fed either a ration containing only the native cobalt content (0.17 mg Co/ kg DM) or a ration supplemented with cobalt sulphate (0.29 mg Co/kg DM). The pH-value, the ammonia concentration as well as the concentration and the molar proportions of short chain fatty acids in the rumen were not significantly influenced by feeding the ration with the higher cobalt content. While there was no difference in microbial protein flow, the cobalamin flow at the duodenum was signi... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1603679 Sun, 01 Jun 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1603679 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1603678&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18610537%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Al-Mamuna M, Hanai Y, Tanaka C, Tamura Y, Sano H An experiment including a [1-(13)C]leucine isotope dilution and a nitrogen balance were carried out to determine the effect of feeding plantain herb (Plantago lanceolata L.) on whole body protein synthesis (WBPS) and degradation in sheep kept at thermoneutral temperature (20 degrees C) or exposed to heat (30 degrees C). The animals were fed either mixed hay of orchardgrass and reed canarygrass (Hay-diet) or Hay-diet and plantain (9:1) (PL-diet) at maintenance level using a crossover design. Nitrogen intake was higher (p < 0.0001) for the Hay-diet than for the PL-diet, but N balance remained similar between diets and was higher (p = 0.003) during heat exposure than at thermoneutral temperature. The WBPS was numerically lower (... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1603678 Sun, 01 Jun 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1603678 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1603677&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18610538%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Zebeli Q, Tafaj M, Junck B, Mansmann D, Steingass H, Drochner W The study evaluated the effects of three different theoretical particle lengths (TPL) of grass silage on the distribution of particle fractions of the diet and the resulting effects on fermentation profile and concentrations of protozoa and mixed bacterial mass in the rumen of three lactating Holstein cows fed total mixed rations (45% grass silage, 5% grass hay and 50% concentrate) ad libitum. Decreasing TPL of grass silage (long, medium, short) reduced particles retained on the 19-mm sieve of the Penn State Particle Separator, while particle fractions from 8 mm to 19 mm and smaller than 8 mm were increased. Different TPL did not affect pH and the concentration of volatile fatty acids in the rumen. However, loweri... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1603677 Sun, 01 Jun 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1603677 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1603676&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18610539%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Keese C, Meyer U, Rehage J, Spilke J, Boguhn J, Breves G, Dänicke S The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of a deoxynivalenol (DON) contaminated ration with a concentrate proportion of 50%, on the performance of dairy cows (Period 1), and to examine the effects when the concentrate proportion was elevated to 60% compared to a ration with 30% concentrates (Period 2). In Period 1, 13 lactating German Holstein cows (Myco group, on average 29 days in milk) were fed the experimental diet (on average 5.3 mg DON/kg DM) as total mixed ration over 11 weeks, while another 14 cows (on average 33 days in milk) received a control diet. Both rations contained 50% concentrates (on DM basis). In Period 2 (18 weeks), the same 27 cows plus five additional cows were di... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1603676 Sun, 01 Jun 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1603676 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1587308&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18459534%26dopt%3DAbstract The objective of the study was to assess the effects of feed supplementation with the probiotic Bacillus cereus var. toyoi on transport and barrier properties of pig jejunum. Sows and their respective piglets were randomly assigned to two feeding groups: a control group and a probiotic group in which the standard diet was supplemented with Bacillus cereus var. toyoi. At the age of 14, 28, 35 and 56 days, 5 piglets per subgroup were killed and tissue samples from the mid jejunum were mounted in conventional Ussing chambers. Absorptive and secretory properties of the jejunum epithelia were assessed by stimulation of Na-coupled glucose and L-glutamine transport and stimulation of ion secretion by PGE2. Kinetic parameters maximal transport velocity (Vmax) and Michaelis Menten constant (Km) wer... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1587308 Tue, 01 Apr 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1587308 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1587307&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18459535%26dopt%3DAbstract This study investigated the effects of the probiotic Lactobacillus acidophilus strain DSM 13241 in dogs with non-specific dietary sensitivity (NSS). Six adult German Shorthair Pointers with NSS consecutively received a control dry diet and the same diet supplemented with the probiotic (6 x 10(6) cfu/g) for 12 weeks each, followed by another control period of four weeks. Frequency of defecations, faecal quality and nutrient digestibility were determined. Faeces were cultured for Clostridium perfringens, Escherichia spp., lactobacilli and bifidobacteria and quantitative fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH) was performed. Feeding the probiotic improved faecal consistency, faecal dry matter and defecation frequency (p < 0.05). Faecal concentrations of culturable lactobacilli and bifido... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1587307 Tue, 01 Apr 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1587307 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1587306&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18459536%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, exposure nutrient restriction in early life impairs the ability of ewes to respond to nutritional restriction in terms of energy expenditure of gestation. PMID: 18459536 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Archives of Animal Nutrition) Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1587306 Tue, 01 Apr 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1587306 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1587305&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18459537%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Warnants N, Millet S, Van Oeckel MJ, De Paepe M, De Brabander DL In Belgium, crossing a hybrid dam with a Piétrain sire leads to a rather lean and meaty fattening pig type. A digestibility trial and a performance trial were carried out to determine protein needs of this pig type. Six experimental diets with increasing protein content were formulated with 0.65-1.25% apparent ileal digestible lysine. The feeds were formulated to the ideal protein composition, with lysine as the reference amino acid. Standardised and apparent digestible amino acid values of the extreme diets were measured in a digestibility trial with four gilts cannulated at the end of the ileum, with an average initial and final BW of 39.1 kg and 55.3 kg, respectively, using a protein-free feed to estimate... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1587305 Tue, 01 Apr 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1587305 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1587304&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18459538%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Schedle K, Plitzner C, Ettle T, Zhao L, Domig KJ, Windisch W The study aimed to investigate the effects of insoluble dietary fibre differing in lignin content on performance and parameters of gut microbiology in 48 weanling piglets (8.5 kg mean body weight) fed common diets ad libitum. Fibre sources tested were wheat bran (low lignin) and pollen from Chinese Masson pine (Pinus massoniana) as model of fibre rich in lignin, added to diets as follows: no addition (control), 3.0% wheat bran, 1.27% pine pollen and 2.55% pine pollen. In colonic chyme, bacterial colony counts remained unaffected by treatment, but ammonia contents were reduced by fibre additions (up to -38%). The effects on ammonia were best explained by added cellulose and lignin. Fibre additions reduced apparent (fa... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1587304 Tue, 01 Apr 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1587304 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1587303&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18459539%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, bLF seems to alter indices of the cellular immune response and faecal microbial populations of healthy adult dogs. PMID: 18459539 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Archives of Animal Nutrition) Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1587303 Tue, 01 Apr 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1587303 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1587302&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18459540%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, maternal vitamin B12 deficiency from end of gestation to weaning was evaluated in mouse dams, which was provoked by feeding a vitamin B12-deficient diet. The animals were divided into two groups (control and deficient). The control group received the vitamin B12-deficient diet supplemented with commercial vitamin B12. Compared to the control, the vitamin B12-deficient dams and their offspring showed a significant decrease of body weight (by 20 and 39%, respectively), serum vitamin B12 concentration (by 61 and 67%, respectively), haematological values as haematocrit (25 and 26%, respectively), and IgA producer cells (by 36 and 54%, respectively). In both, vitamin B12-deficient mouse dams and their offspring, histological alterations of small intestine were observed, whereas g... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1587302 Tue, 01 Apr 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1587302 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1587316&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18341075%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Millet S, Aluwé M, De Brabander DL, Van Oeckel MJ A low feed intake during the first days after weaning is predisposing for weaning diarrhoea and weight loss. In this experiment we tried to increase the feed intake of the piglets after weaning by stimulating the solid feed intake during the last two weeks before weaning by separating them from the sows for 7 h/d. In addition, the effect of flavour recognition and the interaction of flavour recognition with intermittent suckling were tested. In two consecutive weaning rounds, sows were divided over two compartments with 7 to 10 sows each. They were assigned to one of four treatments in a two factorial design: control housing/control feed (n = 7); control housing/ flavoured feed (n = 8); intermittent suckling/control feed (... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1587316 Fri, 01 Feb 2008 05:00:00 +0100 1587316 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1587315&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18341076%26dopt%3DAbstract This study was conducted to investigate the effects of different energy and lysine intake on reproductive performance of multiparous sows during late gestation and lactation. Thirty-six sows were allocated to six dietary treatments in a 3 x 2 factorial arrangement and each treatment had six replicates. Three energy levels and two lysine levels were used during late gestation and lactation. The results demonstrated that higher lysine intake improved (p < 0.05) the body condition of sows during both periods and their reproductive performance during lactation. Both, dietary energy and lysine level had a significant effect (p < 0.05) on the composition of colostrum and milk. In general, dietary treatments had no effect on blood metabolites and hormones. These results suggest that energy ... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1587315 Fri, 01 Feb 2008 05:00:00 +0100 1587315 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1587314&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18341077%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Chen SD, Hsieh MC, Chiou MT, Lai YS, Cheng YH The purpose of this study was to test fermentation, for its products of a Chinese medicinal mushroom, Ganoderma lucidum, cultured by submerged fermentation for its effect on growth performance and immunocompetence in weanling piglets. In Experiment 1, 72 weanling piglets were allotted to one of four treatments receiving these fermentation products (GLF, expressed as amount of beta-glucans) at 0 (control), 50, 100, and 150 mg/kg feed for 4 weeks. The results showed that at a supplementation level of 50 mg/kg feed, GLF caused the best growth performance, the highest pseudorabies antibody titre, and a decrease of blood glucose level. It was also demonstrated that GLF up-regulated the cell-mediated immune response related cytokines (IL... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1587314 Fri, 01 Feb 2008 05:00:00 +0100 1587314 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1587313&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18341078%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study three feed additives (hesperetin, naringenin and pectin) for laying hens were investigated on their influence on the egg yolk cholesterol, serum traits and antioxidant activities in hens. Additives were extracted from citrus and grapefruit peels and contained 31.5% crude hesperetin, 39% crude naringenin and 60% galacturonic acid (pectin). Eighty 30-week-old Leghorn laying hens were randomly assigned to four groups and received, for two months, a control diet or diets with 0.05% hesperetin, 0.05% naringenin or 0.5% pectin. All additives reduced the egg yolk cholesterol level significantly. Feeding diets with added flavonoids (hesperetin and naringenin) increased the yolk weight and the ratio of yolk weight/egg weight and the blood serum superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity was ... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1587313 Fri, 01 Feb 2008 05:00:00 +0100 1587313 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1587312&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18341079%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Tygesen MP, Nielsen MO, Nørgaard P, Ranvig H, Harrison AP, Tauson AH We investigated the effect of 50% nutrient restriction during the last 6 weeks of gestation on twin-pregnant ewes' plasma glucose, non-esterified fatty acid, beta-hydroxybutyrate, insulin, IGF-1 and leptin concentrations and the effects on lamb birth weight and ewes' lactation performance. Plasma metabolite and hormone concentrations in restricted ewes suggest that maternal tissues were being mobilised. Despite the ewes' adaptations their lambs weighed significantly less at birth. Furthermore, colostrum and milk yields were markedly reduced up until the latest measurement at 3 weeks post partum despite ad libitum access to feed. Reduced milk yields coincided with reduced plasma IGF-1 concentration pre pa... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1587312 Fri, 01 Feb 2008 05:00:00 +0100 1587312 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1587311&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18341080%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Kudrna V, Marounek M Holstein cows were fed total mixed rations (TMR) supplemented with protected palm fat (PPF), whole sunflower seed (WSS) or extruded linseed (ELS) for 100 days. Percentage of dietary crude fat was 5.3, 5.1 and 5.1, respectively. Diet had no (p > 0.05) effect on feed intake, milk yield or milk protein content. Percentage of milk fat and yield of fat--corrected milk were significantly increased when diets were supplemented with WSS and ELS. Feeding PPF resulted in the lowest (p < 0.05) ruminal concentration of volatile fatty acids. No significant dietary effect on plasma characteristics was observed. Concentration of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) was higher (p < 0.05), and PUFA n-6/n-3 ratio lower (p < 0.05), in the milk fat from cows fed ELS... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1587311 Fri, 01 Feb 2008 05:00:00 +0100 1587311 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1587310&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18341081%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, the time-course and the overall means of serum L-lactate for both groups in both growing and finishing periods (0.44 +/- 0.04 mmol/l and 0.39 +/- 0.02 mmol/l, respectively, for control animal; and 0.54 +/- 0.03 mmol/l and 0.49 +/- 0.01 mmol/l, respectively, for supplemented animals) suggests that malate does not have any beneficial effects in animals fed a diet of similar characteristics to that given in this study. PMID: 18341081 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Archives of Animal Nutrition) Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1587310 Fri, 01 Feb 2008 05:00:00 +0100 1587310 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1587309&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18341082%26dopt%3DAbstract The objective was to evaluate the effect of protein withdrawal on minimum nitrogen excretion in urine (UN), corresponding to endogenous UN, during feeding and subsequent starvation periods. The rats fed the protein free-diet had almost the same excretion of urinary N during feeding and starvation (165 and 157 mg/kg W(0.75)), while it was 444 mg/kg W(0.75) in rats previously fed with protein, demonstrating a major influence of protein content in a diet on N excretion during starvation. Consequently, the impact of former protein supply on N losses during starvation ought to be considered when evaluating minimum N requirement necessary to sustain life. PMID: 18341082 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Archives of Animal Nutrition) Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1587309 Fri, 01 Feb 2008 05:00:00 +0100 1587309 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1587321&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18069615%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Hellwing AL, Tauson AH, Skrede A, Kjos NP, Ahlstrøm O The effect of increasing the dietary content of bacterial protein meal (BPM) on protein turnover rate, and on nucleic acid and creatinine metabolism in growing minks and pigs was investigated in two experiments. In each experiment, 16 animals were allocated to four experimental diets. The diets containing no BPM served as controls, i.e. for minks diet M1, for pigs P1; the experimental diets contained increasing levels of BPM to replace fish meal (minks) or soybean meal (pigs), so that up to 17% (P2), 20% (M2), 35% (P3), 40% (M3), 52% (P4), and 60% (M4) of digestible N was BPM derived. Protein turnover rate was measured by means of the end-product method using [15N]glycine as tracer and urinary nitrogen as end-product. ... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1587321 Sat, 01 Dec 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1587321 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1587320&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18069616%26dopt%3DAbstract The objective of the present study was to examine the effects of hydrocolloidal silver nanoparticles (Ag-nano) on microbial profile of caecum and morphology of enterocytes in duodenum of Japanese quail, as a model animal for poultry. Quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica) (10 d old) were randomly divided into four groups (15 quails each) and located into four cages for 12 days. Quails were fed with granulated diets given ad libitum and had free access to drinking water. Ag-nano were added to drinking water at concentrations of 0, 5, 15 and 25 mg/kg. At the end of the experiment, the animals were killed and samples of duodenum and caeca microflora were collected. This initial investigation demonstrated that silver nanoparticles did not influence emphatically microflora of quail caecum; however... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1587320 Sat, 01 Dec 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1587320 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1587319&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18069617%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, these results illustrate the importance of body reserve mobilization for milk production in sows and indicate that low energy supply during gestation cannot be compensated by higher energy supply during lactation. PMID: 18069617 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Archives of Animal Nutrition) Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1587319 Sat, 01 Dec 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1587319 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1587318&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18069618%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Pluske JR, Kim JC, Hansen CF, Mullan BP, Payne HG, Hampson DJ, Callesen J, Wilson RH The experimental objectives were to verify whether a qualitative measure of creep feed consumption using a dye was related to performance, and associate this with teat order. Indigo carmine (5 g/kg) was added to a starter diet between days 12 and 31 (weaning) of lactation. On days 19, 23, 27 and 31, faeces from each piglet were assessed for colouration. Each piglet was categorized as a 'good', 'moderate' or 'small/non' eater of feed. There were no differences in pre-weaning growth rate between categories. Piglets classed as 'good' or 'moderate' eaters in lactation grew fastest (p = 0.009) in the first three days after weaning, but between days 4 and 7, the highest growth rate occurred in 'mode... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1587318 Sat, 01 Dec 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1587318 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1587317&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18069619%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Scharenberg A, Arrigo Y, Gutzwiller A, Soliva CR, Wyss U, Kreuzer M, Dohme F Three temperate forages, sainfoin, birdsfoot trefoil, and chicory, characterized by elevated contents of plant secondary compounds, were compared to a ryegrass-clover mixture (control) in dried (Experiment 1) and ensiled form (Experiment 2) in their palatability and nutritional value. Palatability was measured in adult wethers (n = 6) allowed to choose between the familiar control forage and one of the three test plants. Palatability index was calculated from differences in intake of control and test plants measured after given times. Generally at first contact, palatability of the unfamiliar plants was low. Lag time until palatability index approached or exceeded a value of 100 was 2-5 d, but could n... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1587317 Sat, 01 Dec 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1587317 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1587328&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18030916%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Rehman HU, Vahjen W, Awad WA, Zentek J The gastrointestinal tract is a dynamic ecosystem containing a complex microbial community. In this paper, the indigenous intestinal bacteria and the microbial fermentation profile particularly short chain fatty acids (SCFA), lactate, and ammonia concentrations are reviewed. The intestinal bacterial composition changes with age. The bacterial density of the small intestine increases with age and comprises of lactobacilli, streptococci, enterobacteria, fusobacteria and eubacteria. Strict anaerobes (anaerobic gram-positive cocci, Eubacterium spp., Clostridium spp., Lactobacillus spp., Fusobacterium spp. and Bacteroides) are predominating caecal bacteria in young broilers. Data from culture-based studies showed that bifidobacteria could not ... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1587328 Mon, 01 Oct 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1587328 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1587327&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18030917%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Partanen K, Siljander-Rasi H, Pentikäinen J, Pelkonen S, Fossi M Two hundred and forty piglets were used in a 2 x 6 factorial experiment to study the effects of weaning age (26 or 36 d) and four formic acid-based feed additives on the performance of pigs from weaning to slaughter. Either formic acid (F) or a mixture of formic acid, propionic acid, and potassium sorbate (FPS) or a mixture of formic acid, propionic acid, and sodium benzoate (FPB) or formic acid in a diatomaceous earth carrier (FD) were added to the diets of weaned piglets (from weaning to 60 d of age) and growing (18-46 kg) and finishing pigs (46-107 kg) to provide 8, 6, and 6 g acid per kg feed, respectively. The negative control treatment's (C) diets contained no growth promoters, whereas the positive con... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1587327 Mon, 01 Oct 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1587327 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1587326&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18030918%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Schumann B, Dänicke S, Meyer U, Ueberschär KH, Breves G The aim of the present study was to examine long-term effects of low levels of ergot alkaloids on growing bulls. Natural grown ergot with a mean total alkaloid concentrations of 633 mg/kg, and ergotamine (25%), ergocristine (15%) and ergosine (13%) as the most prominent alkaloids, was used. In a dose-response study 38 Holstein Friesian bulls were fed with three different doses of this ergot (0, 0.45 and 2.25 g/kg concentrate corresponding to an average total alkaloid concentration of the daily ration of 0, 69 and 421 microg/kg DM) over a period of approximately 230 days. Live weight, feed intake and health condition were monitored over the entire test period. The bulls were slaughtered at a live weight of approx... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1587326 Mon, 01 Oct 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1587326 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1587325&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18030919%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: van Dorland HA, Wettstein HR, Aeschlimann G, Leuenberger H, Kreuzer M Two experiments were conducted with 30 dairy cows each, to study the preference for fresh (Experiment 1) and ensiled (Experiment 2) ryegrass, white and red clover. Both experiments consisted of three choice diets with white or red clover or both, offered with ryegrass, and two diets with ryegrass mixed with white or red clover (40% clover). Cows consumed diets with 37.7% fresh white and 45.9% red clover, and no preference was observed when the cows were offered all three forages. By contrast, cows preferred white and red clover silage (73.0 and 69.2%, respectively) over ryegrass silage (of lower nutritive quality). When offered three forages, cows preferred white (59.8%) over red clover (17.5%) and ryegrass ... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1587325 Mon, 01 Oct 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1587325 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1587324&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18030920%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, the reduction in ruminal ammonia and urine-N losses by sainfoin CT did not improve N-retention. PMID: 18030920 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Archives of Animal Nutrition) Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1587324 Mon, 01 Oct 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1587324 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1587323&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18030921%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, a ration supplemented with both extruded soybeans and bicarbonate plus straw, was an efficient way to increase the CLA content in the milk of dairy cows. PMID: 18030921 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Archives of Animal Nutrition) Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1587323 Mon, 01 Oct 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1587323 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1587322&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18030922%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Tripathi VK, Sehgal JP, Puniya AK, Singh K Fifteen Murrah buffalo calves (age about 10 months, 163-176 kg BW) were divided into three groups. Group I (Control) was fed a complete feed mixture consisted of 50% wheat straw and 50% concentrate mixture (contained per kg: maize 330 g, groundnut cake 210 g, mustard cake 120 g, wheat bran 200 g, de-oiled rice bran 110 g, mineral mixture 20 g and common salt 10 g) along with 2 kg green oats per animal and day to meet the vitamin A requirements. Calves of Groups II and III were fed with the Control diet supplemented with Orpinomyces sp. C-14 and Piromyces sp. WNG-12 cultures, respectively. The digestibility of DM was significantly highest with Piromyces sp. WNG-12 in Group III (62.2%) followed by Orpinomyces sp. C-14 in Group II (60.3%... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1587322 Mon, 01 Oct 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1587322 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1587336&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17760301%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Scharek L, Guth J, Filter M, Schmidt MF To examine the influence of two different probiotic bacteria on the humoral immune system of swine, two animal studies were carried out with sows and their litters. The sows' feed was supplemented with either Enterococcusfaecium NCIMB 10415 (SF68) or Bacillus cereus var. toyoi NCIMB 40112 beginning early in pregnancy. The total IgA content in the faeces as well as the total IgG concentration in the blood of the sows was recorded before and after weaning. The same parameters were determined in the blood and faeces of the piglets. In sows, only feed supplementation with B. cereus led to a clear increase in faecal IgA. Serum IgG levels were not significantly affected by any probiotic feeding in sows. In piglets, the group that was fed B. ce... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1587336 Wed, 01 Aug 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1587336 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1587335&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17760302%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Eberhard M, Hennig U, Kuhla S, Brunner RM, Kleessen B, Metges CC We explored whether bifidobacteria and lactobacilli numbers and other selected bacteria in the upper intestine and the caecum of growing pigs were affected by diet and intake of inulin. Starting at two weeks after weaning (28 d) 72 pigs were fed two types of diets (wheat/barley (WB) or maize/gluten (MG)), without or with 3% inulin (WB + I, MG + I) for three and six weeks. Intestinal bacteria were quantified by fluorescence-in-situ-hybridization (n = 8/group). Duration of feeding had no effect on the variables tested, so data for both periods were pooled. Gastric total bacteria amounted to log(10) 7.4/g digesta. Bifidobacteria were detected in stomach and duodenum two weeks after weaning and disappeared thereafter... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1587335 Wed, 01 Aug 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1587335 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1587334&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17760303%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Döll S, Goyarts T, Tiemann U, Dänicke S A complete 2 x 3 two factorial design was applied to investigate the effects of Fusarium-infected wheat (2.5 mg DON/kg, 0, 25 and 50% of the diets), feed processing (mash and pellets) and the interactions thereof on fattening pigs (96, n= 16/group). Feed-to-gain ratio was significantly increased by contaminated wheat (2.65; 2.62 and 2.73 kg/kg for diets containing 0, 25 and 50% Fusarium-infected wheat, respectively) while digestibility of nutrients and metabolizable energy were not affected by the wheat batch. The feed processing also resulted in significant differences in feed-to-gain ratio but was accompanied by significant effects on the digestibility of organic matter and crude fat and on the metabolizable energy. Clinical ... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1587334 Wed, 01 Aug 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1587334 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1587333&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17760304%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Dänicke S, Goyarts T, Valenta H A 35-day feeding experiment was performed with weaned piglets (initial live weight of 7.7 +/- 1 kg) to test the effects of a Fusarium toxin contamination of the diet (4.44 mg deoxynivalenol [DON] per kg diet) compared to an uncontaminated control diet. Both diet types were fed either unsupplemented or supplemented with a polymeric glucomannan mycotoxin adsorbent (GMA) to examine the claimed efficacy of detoxification of this feed additive through unspecific performance parameters and the specific proof of the prevention of DON absorption. Feeding of the mycotoxin-contaminated diets resulted in a decrease in feed intake and live weight gain by 28% and 14% when compared to the control group. These effects were independent of GMA addition. Bas... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1587333 Wed, 01 Aug 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1587333 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1587332&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17760305%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Schøyen HF, Svihus B, Storebakken T, Skrede A The effects of replacing soybean meal or fish meal with 2, 4 or 6% bacterial protein meal (BPM) on growth performance, ileal digestibility of amino acids and sensory quality of meat, were examined using 630 broiler chickens. Weight gain from 7-32 days of age did not differ significantly among the treatments. Efficiency of feed conversion was increased when BPM replaced soybean meal, and abdominal fat deposition tended to decline. Feed conversion was not affected when BPM replaced fish meal. Amino acid digestibility was unaffected or improved when BPM replaced soybean meal, whereas replacement of fishmeal with BPM resulted in similar digestibility. Sensory quality of fresh thigh meat was similar among treatments, but for freeze... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1587332 Wed, 01 Aug 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1587332 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1587331&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17760306%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Liu Y, Guo Y, Wang Z, Nie W The effects of dietary supplemental magnesium oxide (MgO), magnesium-L-aspartate (MgAsp) and monomagnesium-di-L-aspartate (MgdiAsp) on hepatic catalase (CAT) activity and its mRNA expression were investigated. A total of 360 one-day-old male Abor Acre broiler chickens were allocated to ten treatments, i.e. control plus 9 treatments from 3 x 3 factorial arrangement (Mg source, Mg level), each treatment with six replicates of 6 chickens. The birds were fed with the basal diet alone or supplemented with magnesium (Mg) at 0.9, 1.8, 2.7 g/kg of the diet from MgO, MgAsp or MgdiAsp. Results showed that hepatic Mg concentration increased quadratically as MgO or MgAsp supplementation increased (p < 0.01). Hepatic CAT activity increased linearly in birds f... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1587331 Wed, 01 Aug 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1587331 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1587330&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17760307%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Chen P, Ou Y, Li S The experiment was conducted to determine the effect of different protein sources on concentration of small peptides (Pro-Ala, Val-Val, Pro-Leu, Met-Met) in the rumen fluid of sheep. Four Inner Mongolia Sunite sheep fitted with permanent cannulas were used in a 4 x 4 Latin square design, and fed four different protein sources including soybean meal (SBM), casein (Casein), fish meal (FM) and corn gluten meal (CGM), respectively. The results showed that the concentration of Pro-Ala peaked in Casein, FM, CGM groups at 2 h after feeding, whereas the highest level was measured at 6 h after feeding in SBM group. Val-Val and Pro-Leu production were highest at 6 h after feeding Casein and CGM diets and 4 h after feeding SBM and FM diets, respectively. During 6 h aft... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1587330 Wed, 01 Aug 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1587330 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1587329&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17760308%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Böhme H, Rudloff E, Schöne F, Schumann W, Hüther L, Flachowsky G The nutritive value of genetically modified myristic acid-rich rapeseed, in which a acyl-thioesterase gene inserted, was studied. Crude nutrients, amino acid and fatty acid profiles as well as mineral and glucosinolate contents were determined and compared with those of the non-transgenic parental cultivar. The concentration of crude nutrients, minerals and amino acids were found to be within the range of natural variance. The myristic and palmitic acid content increased from 0.1 - 11.4% and from 3.6-20%, respectively, at the expense of oleic acid, which decreased from 68.6-42.6% of total fatty acids. The glucosinolate contents increased from 12.4 micromol/g in the parental plant to 19 micromol/g D... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1587329 Wed, 01 Aug 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1587329 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1587342&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17578258%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Santschi DE, Girard CL Biotin is present in nature either free or as biocytin, which is only degraded under the action of a specific enzyme: biotinidase. This enzyme is not included in analytical assays generally used. A method for sample preparation using biotinidase was developed in our laboratory before analysis by ELISA. Three cows equipped with duodenal and ileal cannulae were used to compare the effects of methods of sample preparation on calculations of apparent ruminal synthesis and intestinal absorption of biotin. There was no apparent ruminal synthesis of biotin, no matter whether free or total biotin was measured (p = 0.84). Results also suggested that rumen microbes cannot utilize nor degrade biocytin present in the feed. Estimates of apparent intestinal absorption... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1587342 Fri, 01 Jun 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1587342 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1587341&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17578259%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, the good agreement between our values of EE(conceptus) and those in the literature indicates the method's validity. PMID: 17578259 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Archives of Animal Nutrition) Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1587341 Fri, 01 Jun 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1587341 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1587340&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17578260%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Heger J, Patrás P, Nitrayová S, Dolesová P, Sommer A An experiment was conducted in young pigs (initial BW 10.1 kg) to estimate the maintenance requirement for histidine and its efficiency of utilization for protein accretion using a comparative slaughter technique. Three groups of six pigs each were fed a purified diet supplying 0, 14 or 56 mg histidine per kg BW0.75. Following 21 d of feeding, pigs were killed for whole body compositional analysis. A representative group of six pigs was killed at the beginning of the experiment. Retention of histidine and total N were the main criteria of response. Histidine retention (R2 = 0.73) and N retention (R2 = 0.78) were linear functions of histidine intake (p < 0.001). Histidine requirement for zero histidine reten... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1587340 Fri, 01 Jun 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1587340 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1587339&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17578261%26dopt%3DAbstract The objective of the present study was to characterize the antigenic specificity of purified soybean beta-conglycinin and to investigate its effects on the growth and immune responses of rats. Thirty-two Brown Norway rats, 3 weeks of age, were randomly allotted to one of four treatments and individually fed casein-cornstarch based diets. Rats were sensitised by means of intragastric gavage with purified beta-conglycinin (0, 5, 10 or 20 mg protein/ml in phosphate buffered saline at pH 7.4) on day 0, 7, 14, and 21 (1 ml/animal). On day 28, rats received a double dose of beta-conglycinin. Blood was obtained at weekly intervals after initiation of challenge. Growth declined linearly with increasing the concentration of soybean beta-conglycinin (p < 0.05). Both the total IgE and beta-conglyc... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1587339 Fri, 01 Jun 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1587339 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1587338&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17578262%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Juśkiewicz J, Zduńczyk Z, Frejnagel S The effects of different modes of inulin supplementation on caecal fermentation were evaluated in rats. Groups S and IN were fed diets containing 5% of sucrose or inulin, respectively, for the whole experimental period of 40 days. Group IN/S was fed IN and S diets, whereas group S/IN was fed S and IN diets, in the first and the second 20-day period, respectively. Groups IN(up) and IN(down) were fed diets in which the content of inulin increased from 1-5% and decreased from 5-1%, every 8 days, respectively. The common effects of inulin on caecal fermentation, i.e. enlargement of tissue, acidification of digesta, a decrease in activities of potentially harmful bacterial enzymes (beta-glucuronidase and beta-glucosidase), and an in... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1587338 Fri, 01 Jun 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1587338 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1587337&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17578263%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Skrede A, Sahlstrøm S, Ahlstrøm O, Connor KH, Skrede G The experiment was conducted to study the effects of fermentation of barley, using two different strains of lactic acid bacteria, a Lactobacillus plantarum/pentosus strain isolated from spontaneously fermented rye sourdough (AD2) and a starch-degrading Lactobacillus plantarum (AM4), on contents of mixed-linked (1 --> 3) (1 --> 4)-beta-glucans, alpha-amylase inhibitor activity, inositol phosphates, and apparent digestibility of macronutrients in mink. Effects of fermentation were compared with effects of gamma irradiation (gamma-irradiation: 60Co gamma-rays at 25 kGy). The diets were fed to mink with and without a supplementary enzyme preparation. Both lactic acid fermentation and gamma-irradiation followed ... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1587337 Fri, 01 Jun 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1587337 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1587349&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17451107%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, results suggest that SPI-induced changes in protein and amino acid metabolism as well as in redox homeostasis and antioxidative potential in growing pigs persist 4 weeks after the cessation of SPI feeding. PMID: 17451107 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Archives of Animal Nutrition) Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1587349 Sun, 01 Apr 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1587349 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1587348&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17451108%26dopt%3DAbstract This study has shown that the mono- and multi-enzyme preparation can lead to improved performance in wheat based diets for piglets. Like in poultry, the main mode of action seems to be the reduction of small intestinal viscosity. However, the generation of fermentable carbohydrates by the multi-enzyme preparation may mask beneficial effects on performance due to the development of an active bile acid deconjugating microbiota in the small intestine. PMID: 17451108 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Archives of Animal Nutrition) Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1587348 Sun, 01 Apr 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1587348 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1587347&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17451109%26dopt%3DAbstract The objective of the present experiment was to study the relationship between in vitro utilizable true protein (uTP) and in vivo-uTP of sheep rations by regression analysis. A further aim was to analyse if in vivo-uTP of mixed rations could be predicted by regression analysis between in vitro-uTP and in vivo-uTP, using N-retention of sheep as important evaluation criteria of protein value. Three adult male sheep (body weight [BW] 46 + 1.3 kg) fitted with rumen cannulas and simple T-type duodenal cannulas were fed with twelve typical rations with graded levels of crude protein and true protein in four experiments according a 3 x 3 Latin square design. Each experimental period included an adaptation (7 days), a N balance trial (4 days) and a collection of duodenal digesta (3 days). During co... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1587347 Sun, 01 Apr 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1587347 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1587346&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17451110%26dopt%3DAbstract The objective of the experiment was to evaluate the contribution of various ruminal microbial groups to the fermentation of cell walls of corn stover with different particle sizes based on ruminal gas production in vitro. Physical, chemical, and antibiotical methods were used to differentiate groups of bacteria, protozoa and fungi in rumen fluid, offering following rumen microbial groups: whole rumen fluid (WRF), bacterial (B), protozoal (P), fungal (F), bacterial plus protozoal (B + P), bacterial plus fungal (B + F), protozoal plus fungal (P + F), and negative control (CON). Cell walls from corn stover were ground and ball milled to produce two different particle sizes. The results showed that digestion of the cell walls was undertaken by the interaction among ruminal bacteria, protozoa a... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1587346 Sun, 01 Apr 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1587346 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1587345&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17451111%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Demirel G, Turan N, Tanor A, Kocabagli N, Alp M, Hasoksuz M, Yilmaz H Forty-eight male lambs were used to evaluate the effect of dietary supplementation of mannanoligosaccharide (MOS) with or without parenteral Escherichia coli injection on their growth performance, feed conversion efficiency, blood metabolites, total serum immunoglobulin G (IgG) levels and antibody response. Lambs were randomly assigned to four groups of 12 animals each. In groups C (control) and CE (E. coli challenged), animals were fed commercial concentrate pellets and hay (50:50), and in groups M (MOS) and ME (MOS + E. coli challenged), animals were fed commercial concentrate pellets including MOS at 0.2% and hay (50:50). At day 15 and 30, animals in groups CE and ME were injected subcutaneously with 1 ml... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1587345 Sun, 01 Apr 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1587345 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1587344&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17451112%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Czauderna M, Kowalczyk J, Korniluk K The main objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of diets enriched in individual conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) isomers, their mixture, and/or selenized yeast (Se-yeast) on the concentration of CLA isomers, long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and Se in the heart, muscles and liver of rats. The investigation was performed on 73 female Wistar rats (8 weeks of age, 200 g initial BW). After one week sub-maintenance feeding, rats received diets supplemented with 1% individual CLA isomers or 1 or 2% of a CLA isomers mixture, without or with 1.2 mg Se/kg (as Se-yeast) for 29 days. Feeding diets with 2% CLA isomer mixture reduced feed intake and body weight gain of rats, while addition of trans10,cis12 CLA and Se-yeast resul... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1587344 Sun, 01 Apr 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1587344 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1587343&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17451113%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Rubanza CD, Shem MN, Bakengesa SS, Ichinohe T, Fujihara T Browse tree leaves of six species of Acacia (A. angustissima L., A. drepanolobium L., A. nilotica L., A. polyacantha L., A. senegal L., A. tortilis L.) were screened for chemical composition, including minerals and trace elements. Crude protein (CP) varied among the species from 145 (A. senegal) to 229 g/kg DM (A. angustissima). The species had moderate to high levels of minerals. The concentrations of Ca, P, Mg and S varied among the species from 14.6-31.5, 3.5-4.9, 1.4-3.0 and 1.7-2.8 g/kg DM, respectively. The forages showed relatively low concentrations of trace elements. Content of trace elements varied among the species from 4.5-23.8, 99.4-173.6, 146.2-432, 41.0-90.1, 10.9-22.2 and 0.05-0.65 mg/kg DM for Cu, Mo, F... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1587343 Sun, 01 Apr 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1587343 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1587356&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17361943%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Wu Z, Li D, Ma Y, Yu Y, Noblet J Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the impact of different energy systems in predicting the energy cost of gain of growing-finishing pigs fed diets containing different levels of dietary fat. The diets in both experiments were based on wheat, corn and soybean meal and supplemented with 0, 1.75, 3.50 and 5.25% tallow. In Experiment 1, 24 crossbred barrows (Duroc x Landrace x Yorkshire) were randomly allocated to one of the four dietary treatments to determine the digestible (DE) and metabolizable (ME) energy content of the diets and net energy (NE) was calculated from DE and ME values. In Experiment 2, 96 crossbred barrows (Duroc x Landrace x Yorkshire) were used to evaluate the effectiveness of the energy systems in predicting the energ... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1587356 Thu, 01 Feb 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1587356 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1587355&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17361944%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study data originating from complete metabolic trials with cattle of both sexes, fed 337 rations at feed intake levels between one to three times maintenance energy requirement were used to regress the total CH4 emission to the level of DM intake and to the nutrient composition, respectively. A major component of the measured CH4 emission cannot be explained by DM intake but is rather due to differences in dietary nutrient composition. The amount of digestible nutrients especially of the carbohydrate fraction (starch, sugar, N-free residuals) are reliable to estimate CH4 release with high precision (r2 = 0.885). Its production rate increased to 1.9-fold higher levels (range 1.8-2.1) per g of N-free residuals compared to that induced per g of protein, starch or sugar, respectively. ... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1587355 Thu, 01 Feb 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1587355 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1587354&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17361945%26dopt%3DAbstract This study indicates that LF is advantageous for health and may therefore be a beneficial supplement in the diets for neonatal calves. PMID: 17361945 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Archives of Animal Nutrition) Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1587354 Thu, 01 Feb 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1587354 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1587353&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17361946%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Fujita T, Kajita M, Sano H Responses of whole body protein synthesis (WBPS) and glucose irreversible loss rate (ILR) were compared between dietary starch and sucrose in four male goats. Diets were fed at 1.2 times maintenance requirements of ME and CP with 30% of the ME as starch, starch plus sucrose or sucrose, twice daily. The diets consisted of 33, 32, 11 and 24% of alfalfa hay, corn, soybean meal and the carbohydrates, respectively. The WBPS and glucose ILR during 5-7 h after feeding were determined by an isotope dilution method of [2H5]phenylalanine, [2H2]tyrosine, [2H4]tyrosine and [13C6]glucose. Sucrose elevated ammonia nitrogen and lowered acetate concentrations in the rumen, but did not differ from starch in nitrogen retention. Glucose ILR and WBPS were similar betwee... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1587353 Thu, 01 Feb 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1587353 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1587352&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17361947%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Samli HE, Senkoylu N, Koc F, Kanter M, Agma A The experiment was conducted to study the effects of supplementing a broiler starter diet with the probiotic Enterococcus faecium NCIMB 10415 and dried whey (80% lactose) on chick performance, gut histomorphology and intestinal microbiota. One-day-old male Ross 308 strain broiler chickens were fed diets containing: (i) control feed, (ii) control + 3.5% dried whey, (iii) control + 0.2% E. faecium, and (iv) control + 3.5% dried whey + 0.2% E. faecium. Birds were maintained in battery brooders confined in an environmentally controlled experimental room. The experiment lasted for 21 days. Birds fed E. faecium or E. faecium + dried whey exhibited significantly improved weight gain and feed conversion rate (FCR). Weight gain and FCR of t... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1587352 Thu, 01 Feb 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1587352 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1587351&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17361948%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Geng A, Li B, Guo Y Effects of dietary L-carnitine and coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) at different supplemental ages on performance and some immune response were investigated in ascites-susceptible broilers. A 3 x 2 x 2 factorial design was used consisting of L-carnitine supplementation (0, 75, and 100 mg/kg), CoQ10 supplementation (0 and 40 mg/kg) and different supplemental ages (from day 1 on and from day 10 on). A total of 480 one-day-old Arbor Acre male broiler chicks were randomly allocated to 12 groups, every group had five replicates, each with eight birds. The birds were fed a corn-soybean based diet for six weeks. From day 10-21, all the birds were exposed to a low ambient temperature (12-15 degrees C) to increase the susceptibility to ascites. No significant effects were obser... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1587351 Thu, 01 Feb 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1587351 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1587350&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17361949%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Spears JK, Karr-Lilienthal LK, Bauer LL, Murphy MR, Fahey GC This research evaluated fermentation characteristics (short-chain fatty acid [SCFA] production, pH, and gas production) resulting from fermentation of glucose-based carbohydrates using canine (n = 3) and human (n = 3) fecal inoculum. Substrates included lyophilized canine ileal digesta containing maltodextrin, gamma-cyclodextrin, high molecular weight (MW) pullulan (MW 100000), or low MW pullulan (MW 6300) obtained from an in vivo experiment. Fermentation for 6 and 10 h with human fecal microflora resulted in higher gas and SCFA production than did canine fecal microflora. High MW pullulan fermentation resulted in the highest (p < 0.05) gas production and lowest (p < 0.05) pH for both dogs and humans. Total SCF... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1587350 Thu, 01 Feb 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1587350 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1587361&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17236704%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, increasing oil level depressed, whereas calcium addition stimulated ruminal fermentation. Improvement in IVDMD may partially support that calcium addition alleviates the adverse effects of oil and that more calcium is needed when diets are supplemented with increasing amounts of oil. PMID: 17236704 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Archives of Animal Nutrition) Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1587361 Fri, 01 Dec 2006 05:00:00 +0100 1587361 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1587360&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17236705%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Mariscal-Landín G, De Souza TC In order to determine ileal losses of nitrogen (N) and amino acids (AA) and the coefficients of apparent and true ileal digestibility (AID, TID) of N and AA from casein in piglets and pigs, two experiments were conducted. In Experiment 1, 24 piglets were used. The piglets were weaned at 17 days of age, weighing 6.4 kg and cannulated at terminal ileum. Ileal digesta was collected at 28-29 and 35-36 days of age in period 1 and 2, respectively. Feed intake was 150 and 300 g x d(-1) during the first and second period. In Experiment 2, 16 castrates weighing 52.5 kg and cannulated at terminal ileum were used. The intake level of digestible energy was 2.5 times their maintenance requirement. The experiment lasted 7 days and ileal digesta was collec... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1587360 Fri, 01 Dec 2006 05:00:00 +0100 1587360 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1587359&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17236706%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Ma D, Li Q, Du J, Liu Y, Liu S, Shan A The study was conducted to evaluate effects of dietary supplementation with Ligustrum lucidum (LL, 10 g/kg), Schisandra chinensis (SC, 10 g/kg), LL (10 g/kg) + mannan oligosaccharides (MOS, 50 mg/kg), or SC (10 g/kg) + MOS (50 mg/kg) on growth performance and parameters of antioxidative and immunological status of broilers. The results showed that feeding LL, SC, LL + MOS, or SC + MOS had no significant effect on growth performance of broilers relative to the control. However, compared to the control, LL, SC, LL + MOS, or SC + MOS significantly decreased malondialdehyde concentration in serum, thigh, and heart of broilers. In addition, glutathione reductase activity of heart and sera of the birds were significantly elevated by supplementa... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1587359 Fri, 01 Dec 2006 05:00:00 +0100 1587359 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1587358&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17236707%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Van Nevel CJ, Dierick NA, Decuypere JA, De Smet SM Fermentability of fibre has a great impact on the bacterial flora along the gastrointestinal tract of newly weaned piglets. Therefore, this parameter was determined by incubating in vitro different fibre substrates (chicory roots, sugar beet pulp, wheat bran and corn cobs) with contents of jejunum or caecum sampled from slaughtered pigs. Incubating with small intestinal contents, lactic acid was the only fermentation product. Fermentability was highest for chicory roots, followed by wheat bran and sugar beet pulp, while corn cobs were not fermented. Based on SCFA formed in the incubations with caecal contents, ranking of the fermentability of the fibre substrates was in the same order. The effect of adding different fibre subs... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1587358 Fri, 01 Dec 2006 05:00:00 +0100 1587358 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1587357&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17236708%26dopt%3DAbstract The objective of the study was to investigate the influence of two roughage-to-concentrate ratios, with or without linseed oil supplementation, on the flow of fatty acids in the intestinal chyme and the secretion in milk fat in late lactating cows. Seven late lactating cows fitted with cannulae in the dorsal rumen and simple T-shaped cannulae in the proximal duodenum were randomly assigned to four experimental periods applying an incomplete replicated 2 x 2 Latin square design. The rations consisted of meadow hay and a concentrate mixture given in a ratio of 70:30 or 30:70 on dry matter basis. The basal rations were fed without or with 200 g linseed oil daily. After three weeks of adaptation, samples from the duodenal chyme were taken to study the flow of fatty acids. Additionally, milk sa... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1587357 Fri, 01 Dec 2006 05:00:00 +0100 1587357 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1587371&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17036744%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, the fitting of random regression models for a statistical analysis of a feeding experiment with dairy cows is illustrated under application of the program package SAS. For each of the feeding groups, lactation curves modelled by covariates with fixed regression coefficients are estimated simultaneously. With the help of the fixed regression coefficients, differences between the groups are estimated and then tested for significance. The covariance structure of the random and subject-specific effects and the serial correlation matrix are selected by using information criteria and by estimating correlations between repeated measurements. For the verification of the selected model and the alternative models, mean values and standard deviations estimated with ordinary least squar... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1587371 Sun, 01 Oct 2006 04:00:00 +0100 1587371 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1587370&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17036745%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Tamura A, Mita Y, Shigematsu N, Hara H, Nishimura N The effects of different kinds of inulin-type fructans on caecal microbiota were evaluated in rats. Four groups of male Wistar rats were fed either a control diet, or diets containing 5% inulin, 5% fructooligosaccharides (FOS), or 5% difructose anhydride III (DFAIII) for two weeks. In the DFAIII group, caecal propionate, butyrate, counts of bifidobacteria, and total anaerobes were lower than in the inulin group, while caecal propionate, succinate, counts of bifidobacteria, and total anaerobes were lower than in the FOS group. Compared to controls, in the DFAIII group the counts of clostridia in caecum were increased by 3 log units. However, this change was statistically not significant. There were no differences between inuli... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1587370 Sun, 01 Oct 2006 04:00:00 +0100 1587370 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1587369&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17036746%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Hellwing AL, Tauson AH, Skrede A This experiment investigates the effect of increasing the dietary content of bacterial protein meal (BPM) on the protein and energy metabolism, and carcass chemical composition of growing chickens. Seventy-two Ross male chickens were allocated to four diets, each in three replicates with 0% (D0), 2% (D2), 4% (D4), and 6% BPM (D6), BPM providing up to 20% of total dietary N. Five balance experiments were conducted when the chickens were 3-7, 10-14, 17-21, 23-27, and 30-34 days old. During the same periods, 22-h respiration experiments (indirect calorimetry) were performed with groups of 6 chickens (period 1), 5 chickens (period 2), and one chicken (periods 3-5). After each balance period, one chicken in each cage was killed and the carcass weigh... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1587369 Sun, 01 Oct 2006 04:00:00 +0100 1587369 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1587368&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17036747%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Bühler K, Wenk C, Broz J, Gebert S An experiment was conducted to examine the effect of benzoic acid and two dietary protein levels on pig performance, nitrogen balance and urinary pH. A total of 24 crossbred barrows (26 kg to 106 kg BW) received one of four diets: low protein level with and without 1% benzoic acid (LP- and LP+, respectively) and high protein level with and without 1% benzoic acid (HP- and HP+, respectively). The animals were fed restrictively grower and finisher diets and were kept in metabolic cages in weeks 3, 6, 9, and 12 of the experiment. The addition of benzoic acid did not improve weight gain and feed conversion ratio. N-intake and digested N were only influenced by dietary protein level (p< 0.01), while N-balance was similar in all four diets.... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1587368 Sun, 01 Oct 2006 04:00:00 +0100 1587368 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1587367&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17036748%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Hansen MJ, Chwalibog A, Tauson AH, Sawosz E The present study was undertaken to investigate how three different fibre sources, sugar beet pulp, soya bean hulls and pectin residue, constituting 15% of diets for growing pigs, influenced daily body gain, feed conversion, apparent faecal digestibility and nitrogen and energy balances. Eight castrated crossbreed pigs (30-80 kg live weight) were used in a replicated 4 x 4 Latin-square design with one control diet and three fibre containing diets. Daily body weight gain and feed conversion were not affected by the dietary treatments. The apparent faecal digestibility of organic matter (OM) and energy were significantly lower for the fibre diets (OM: 0.81-0.85; energy: 0.78-0.83) compared to the control diet (OM: 0.88; energy: 0.86). ... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1587367 Sun, 01 Oct 2006 04:00:00 +0100 1587367 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1587366&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17036749%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Li Y, Meng Q An in vitro study was conducted to determine the effect of different types of fibre supplemented with sunflower oil on ruminal fermentation and formation of conjugated linoleic acids (CLA) by mixed ruminal microorganisms. Cell wall components extracted from wheat straw (representing lignified fibre), soybean hulls (representing easily digestible fibre), and purified cellulose were used as substrates. Sunflower oil was supplemented at the same level for all three types of fibre. After 24 h of incubation, ruminal fermentation parameters (including 24 h gas production, pH value, concentration of ammonia nitrogen and volatile fatty acids) and the concentration of long chain fatty acids in the culture fluid were determined. Results showed that the type of fibre influen... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1587366 Sun, 01 Oct 2006 04:00:00 +0100 1587366 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1587365&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17036750%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Thareja A, Puniya AK, Goel G, Nagpal R, Sehgal JP, Singh PK, Singh K Anaerobic ruminal fungi may play an active role in fibre degradation as evidenced by the production of different fibrolytic enzymes in culture filtrate. In the present study, 16 anaerobic fungal strains were isolated from ruminal and faecal samples of sheep and goats. Based on their morphological characteristics they were identified as species of Anaeromyces, Orpinomyces, Piromyces and Neocallimastix. Isolated Neocallimastix sp. from goat rumen showed a maximum activity of CMCase (47.9 mIU ml(-1)) and filter paper cellulase (48.3 mIU ml(-1)), while Anaeromyces sp. from sheep rumen showed a maximum xylanolytic activity (48.3 mIU ml(-1)). The cellobiase activity for all the isolates ranged from 178.0-182.7 mIU ... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1587365 Sun, 01 Oct 2006 04:00:00 +0100 1587365 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1587364&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17036751%26dopt%3DAbstract The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of purified soybean agglutinin on growth and immune function in rats. Thirty male Sprague-Dawley rats (77.8 +/- 2.6 g) were individually fed casein-cornstarch based diets containing 0, 0.05, 0.10, 0.15 or 0.20% soybean agglutinin (w/w) during a 20-day experiment. Growth declined linearly with increasing the concentration of soybean agglutinin (p < 0.05). The proliferation of lymphocytes in spleen, lymph nodes and blood decreased with an increase in dietary soybean agglutinin (p < 0.05). The concentrations of interleukin-2, interferon-gamma and tumor necrosis factor-alpha in plasma, spleen, and mesenteric lymph nodes as well as plasma concentrations of IgA, IgG and IgM also declined with increasing dose of soybean agglutinin (p... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1587364 Sun, 01 Oct 2006 04:00:00 +0100 1587364 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1587363&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17036752%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Yurong Y, Yibao J, Ruiping S, Qingqiang Y, Kaisong P, Huihui B, Decheng W, Tianlong L, Xuemei Z Sixty chickens were randomly divided into two groups (30 chickens in each group) to determine the effect of oral administration of chicken intestinal antimicrobial peptides (CIAMP) on the humoral immune response. Chickens of both groups were fed the same diet. In the treatment group chickens received drinking water supplemented with CIAMP (1 microg/ml) right after hatching. Samples of blood, bursa of Fabricus, spleen and intestine were taken at day 1, 4, 7, 10 and 17 of experiment. CIAMP supplementation enhanced the content of IgG and IgM in serum from day 4-10 and day 10-17, respectively, (p < 0.05), IgM-forming cells in bursa of Fabricus and spleen at the age of 7 days (p < ... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1587363 Sun, 01 Oct 2006 04:00:00 +0100 1587363 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1587362&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17036753%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Hafez HM, Hauck R Histomoniasis (infectious enterohepatitis, blackhead) is caused by the protozoan parasite Histomonas meleagridis (H. meleagridis). After the ban of all prophylactic and therapeutic drugs in the European Union, histomoniasis is increasingly responsible for considerable economic problems to the poultry industry. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of a herbal product with extracts from cinnamon, garlic, lemon, and rosemary on H. meleagridis in turkey poults in vivo. For this purpose, 60 two-week-old poults were divided into three groups. Group 1 received the herbal product in the feed six days before infection and in water three days before infection, then in feed and drinking water until the end of the experiment. Groups 2 and 3 were left untre... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1587362 Sun, 01 Oct 2006 04:00:00 +0100 1587362 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1587378&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D16921924%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Cheng YH, Ding ST, Chang MH Fumonisin (FB1), a mycotoxin, is produced by Fusarium moniliforme and F. proliferatum. A prevalence survey in Taiwan by our laboratory showed that there was a contamination rate of 40% in domestic animal feeds, and the average contaminated level was 4.5 mg/kg. Ninety-six birds were allotted into four treatments fed with diets containing 0 (control), 5, 10, or 15 mg/kg of FB1 for three weeks. The results showed that the growth performance was not influenced by the FB1 challenge, but relative bursa weight was significantly decreased. The activity of serum aspartate aminotransferase, and the serum levels of albumin and cholesterol were significantly elevated by the FB1 challenges. When broilers were stimulated with injection of lipopolysaccharides, mRN... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1587378 Tue, 01 Aug 2006 04:00:00 +0100 1587378 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1587377&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D16921925%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Li J, Li D, Gong L, Ma Y, He Y, Zhai H Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of live yeast supplementation on performance, nutrient digestibility, enteric microbial populations and volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentration of weanling pigs, receiving diets supplemented with aureomycin and elevated doses of CuSO4. In experiment 1, 90 crossbred pigs (7.20 +/- 0.44 kg, 28 d of age) were randomly allotted to one of five dietary treatments containing either 0, 4.0 x 10(6), 9.0 x 10(6), 2.6 x 10(7), or 5.1 x 10(7) cfu Saccharomyces cerevisiae per gram with six replicate pens per treatment and three pigs per pen. BWG and feed intake increased quadratically during days 1-14 and days 1-28 as live yeast levels increased (p < 0.01). Pigs fed the diet containing 2.6 x 10... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1587377 Tue, 01 Aug 2006 04:00:00 +0100 1587377 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1587376&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D16921926%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Eklund M, Mosenthin R, Tafaj M, Wamatu J A balance experiment was carried out to investigate the effects of betaine monohydrate (BET) or betaine derived from condensed molasses solubles (CMS) as a substitute for methionine and choline on nitrogen (N) balance and total tract nutrient digestibility in weaned piglets. The experiment included four treatments with 32 barrows with an average initial body weight (BW) of 13.5 kg. The supplementation of DL-methionine and choline (positive control = PC) to the basal diet, which was deficient in methionine and low in compatible osmolytes in the form of betaine or its precursor choline (negative control = NC) resulted in a significant increase in N retention of 0.8 g/d. The substitution of DL-methionine and choline with BET or CMS did not... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1587376 Tue, 01 Aug 2006 04:00:00 +0100 1587376 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1587375&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D16921927%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Middelbos IS, Karr-Lilienthal LK, Folador J, Vazquez-Anon M, Yi G, Fahey GC The aim of this study was to evaluate effects on nutritional responses of supplemental DL-methionine and 2-hydroxy-4-(methylthio) butanoic acid (HMTBA) in a commercial-type diet in growing dogs. A nitrogen balance study was conducted as a randomized complete block design using 30 Pointer puppies (72-d-old; 5.5 kg). A corn and poultry byproduct meal based diet was supplemented with 0.1 or 0.2% DL-methionine or HMTBA on an equimolar basis. Organic matter and gross energy tended (p < 0.10) to be less digestible by dogs fed the 0.1% HMTBA diet compared with the 0.2% DL-methionine diet, but other nutrients were unaffected. Postprandial urinary calcium tended (p < 0.10) to be lower for the basal and HM... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1587375 Tue, 01 Aug 2006 04:00:00 +0100 1587375 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1587374&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D16921928%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Daza A, López-Bote C, Rey A, Olivares A This experiment was carried out to study the influence of age at the beginning of the free-range fattening period (traditional pigs, TP, age 12 months vs. young pigs, YP, age 8 months) on the performance of Iberian pigs. During 152 days prior to the fattening period, TP and YP pigs received 1.7 and 2.6 kg feed per day, respectively. During fattening, TP pigs had a higher average daily gain (p < 0.05) than YP pigs. The proportions of PUFA and n-3 fatty acids of the outer and inner layers of subcutaneous backfat were higher in TP than in YP pigs (p < 0.05), while the proportions of C16:0 and SFA in the inner layer of subcutaneous backfat were greater in YP than in TP pigs (p < 0.05). The ratio of n-6/n-3 in subcutaneous backf... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1587374 Tue, 01 Aug 2006 04:00:00 +0100 1587374 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1587373&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D16921929%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Ibiyo LM, Madu CT, Eze SS A 12-week growth experiment was conducted to establish the necessity of vitamin C in the nutrition of Heterobranchus longifilis fingerlings. Vitamin C was supplemented at levels of 0 and 50 mg x kg(-1) to a basal diet (42.5% CP), which was fed to triplicate groups of H. longifilis fingerlings. Fish receiving the vitamin C-supplemented diet had significantly improved weight gain (20.7 vs. 16.7 g per fish), feed efficiency ratio (1.03 vs. 1.42), specific growth rate (3.00 vs. 2.74%), protein efficiency ratio (2.26 vs. 1.64), and survival rate (90% vs. 50%). There was a significant decrease in haematocrit and haemoglobin levels in the blood of fish fed no supplemental vitamin C. Furthermore, this group exhibited retarded growth and pathological changes s... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1587373 Tue, 01 Aug 2006 04:00:00 +0100 1587373 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1587372&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D16921930%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, the composition of the milk of sows supplemented with L-carnitine was determined to find out whether an altered milk composition could account for the increased growth rates of the piglets. Milk of 13 control sows and 14 sows supplemented with L-carnitine (125 mg/d during pregnancy, 250 mg/d during lactation) was collected 5-8 h after birth (colostrum) and on days 10 and 20 of lactation. Concentrations of fat and lactose and the energy content in milk at day 10 and 20 did not differ between both groups of sows. Sows supplemented with L-carnitine had a higher concentration of protein in colostrum (p < 0.05) while concentrations of fat, lactose, immunoglobulins G, M and A as well as the energy content in colostrum did not differ between both groups of sows. These findings s... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1587372 Tue, 01 Aug 2006 04:00:00 +0100 1587372 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1587384&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D16736854%26dopt%3DAbstract This study was conducted with 16 male growing pigs (eight pigs with an end-to-end ileo-rectal anastomosis, eight intact pigs) to investigate in metabolic trials the influence of different pre-, pro-, and synbiotics on the precaecal and faecal digestibility of thiamin, riboflavin, pantothenic acid and biotin. A basic experimental diet was supplemented with either pre-, pro-, or synbiotic additives as follows: lactulose (2%), inulin (2%), mannanoligosaccharides (0.3%), Enterococcus faecium DSM 10663 (8 x 10(9) cfu/kg), Enterococcusfaecium DSM 7134 (5 x 10(8) cfu/kg), inulin + Enterococcusfaecium DSM 10663, mannanoligosaccharides + Enterococcus faecium DSM 7134. The precaecal and faecal digestibilities of the investigated B-vitamins were not affected significantly by the administered pre-, pr... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1587384 Thu, 01 Jun 2006 04:00:00 +0100 1587384 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1587383&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D16736855%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, addition of barley hulls to pig diets impairs amino acids absorption in the small intestine. The pD values, measured under standardized experimental conditions (without a correction using basal endogenous amino acids), are similar to the values of true digestibility published by NRC (1998). PMID: 16736855 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Archives of Animal Nutrition) Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1587383 Thu, 01 Jun 2006 04:00:00 +0100 1587383 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1587382&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D16736856%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Zhao J, Guo Y, Suo X, Yuan J Two experiments were conducted to test the effects of a dietary zinc amino acid complex (Zn-AA) and an anticoccidial drug on Eimeria acervulina or Eimeria tenella infections. In each experiment, 288 day-old Three-Yellow-Chickens were used in a 2 x 3 factorial experimental design. Six groups were arranged randomly to receive three levels of Zn-AA (0, 40, or 80 mg/kg) alone or with salinomycin (60 mg/kg). Additionally an uninfected group was set as negative control. At the age of 21 days birds in Exp. 1 were inoculated with 3 x 10(4) sporulated E. acervulina oocysts, while birds in Exp. 2 were inoculated with 1.5 x 10(4) sporulated E. tenella oocysts. In Exp. 1, E. acervulina did not suppress growth performance significantly, but in groups without sa... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1587382 Thu, 01 Jun 2006 04:00:00 +0100 1587382 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1587381&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D16736857%26dopt%3DAbstract The objective of this review article was to illustrate synchrotron-based FTIR microspectroscopy as a novel research tool for rapid characterization of feed structures at a cellular level and for detection of chemical features and molecular chemical make-up of feed biological component matrix and nutrient interaction. The emphasis of this article was to show that feed structural-chemical features at a cellular level are closely related to feed characteristics, feed quality and nutritive value in animals. The synchrotron-based technology will provide us with a greater understanding of the plant-animal interface. PMID: 16736857 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Archives of Animal Nutrition) Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1587381 Thu, 01 Jun 2006 04:00:00 +0100 1587381 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1587380&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D16736858%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, consumption of soybean agglutinin resulted in a depletion of lipid and an overgrowth of small intestine and pancreas in rats. Meanwhile, poor growth of spleen and kidneys was observed in the soybean agglutinin-fed rats. PMID: 16736858 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Archives of Animal Nutrition) Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1587380 Thu, 01 Jun 2006 04:00:00 +0100 1587380 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1587379&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D16736859%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Tafaj M, Zebeli Q, Maulbetsch A, Steingass H, Drochner W Four multiparous ruminally cannulated Holstein cows (mean bodyweight [BW] 615 kg) in mid-lactation (103 days in milk and 32 kg milk x d(-1) at start of the experiment) were used in an one-factorial experiment to evaluate the effects of fibre level (19, 24, 28, 32 and 39% physically effective NDF [peNDF] in dry matter [DM]) in diets consisting of hay and slowly degradable concentrate on rumen fermentation patterns and digesta particle size, under a constant intake level (146 g DM x kg(-0.75). The different fibre concentrations in the diet were achieved by adjusting the hay to concentrate ratio. The above-mentioned levels of peNDF corresponded to 70, 60, 50, 40 and 25% concentrate in diet DM, respectively, and followed the... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1587379 Thu, 01 Jun 2006 04:00:00 +0100 1587379 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1587392&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D16649573%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Lebzien P, Riemeier A, Flachowsky G Seven dairy cows fitted with ruminal and duodenal cannulae were used to investigate the influence of the amount of ruminally available N (Ruminal N-Balance, RNB) on the rumen metabolism and to answer the question on the lowest N-amount in the rumen, without negative effects on the fermentation. Animals were fed a ration on the basis of 7.9 kg corn silage and 7.2 kg concentrates related to dry matter, intended to meet the animals mean NEL and protein requirements. RNB amounted to -0.6 g/MJ ME in the basis ration. The other 3 rations were adjusted to RNB-values of -0.3, 0 and + 0.3 g/MJ ME by urea supplements in the concentrates. The increase in RNB resulted in higher NH3-N concentrations in the rumen fluid and in the duodenal digesta and high... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1587392 Sat, 01 Apr 2006 05:00:00 +0100 1587392 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1587391&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D16649574%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, data of this study do not support the hypothesis that L-carnitine supplementation of sows during pregnancy enhances fetal muscle fibre development and increases postnatal growth capability of the offspring. PMID: 16649574 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Archives of Animal Nutrition) Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1587391 Sat, 01 Apr 2006 05:00:00 +0100 1587391 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1587390&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D16649575%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Wei HW, Fuller M To ascertain whether chronic amino acid deficiency alters the amino acid composition of the body, 44 adult female rats were randomly allocated to one of 11 treatments which included one control group, ingesting an adequate diet with balanced protein, and ten deficient groups in which one group received protein-deficient diets and the other groups consumed diets each deficient in a single essential amino acid. The degree of deficiency was adjusted to achieve a gradual decline in body weight to 85% of the initial weight and was then adjusted so that this weight was maintained until the end of the experiment at 93 days, when the rats were killed. Deficient rats had lower absolute weights of liver, gastrointestinal tract and muscle than animals given the adequate ... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1587390 Sat, 01 Apr 2006 05:00:00 +0100 1587390 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1587389&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D16649576%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Nitrayová S, Patras P, Sommer A, Heger J Six ileally cannulated pigs (mean initial body weight 34.8 kg) were used to study the effect of microbial phytase on apparent ileal digestibility of P, total N and amino acids. Three P-adequate diets (digestible P concentration 2.3 g kg(- )l) containing barley (B), soyabean meal (S) or a mixture of the two (BS) with or without phytase supplement (1000 FTU x kg(-1)) were fed to pigs using a 6 x 6 Latin square design. The addition of phytase increased (p < 0.05) apparent ileal P digestibility of diets B, S and BS by 16.5, 19.2 and 19.2%, respectively. There was no effect of phytase on the ileal digestibility of total N. Apparent ileal digestibility of amino acids tended to increase in the BS diet supplemented with phytase (mean im... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1587389 Sat, 01 Apr 2006 05:00:00 +0100 1587389 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1587388&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D16649577%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, infection with F. culmorum of wheat involves an increased risk of mycotoxin contamination in straw. Also, a Fusarium infection may have an impact on chemical composition and may result in Fusarium growth-related modifications of host cell wall components. PMID: 16649577 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Archives of Animal Nutrition) Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1587388 Sat, 01 Apr 2006 05:00:00 +0100 1587388 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1587387&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D16649578%26dopt%3DAbstract The objective of the study was to examine effect of backslop on the chemical and microbiological characteristics of fermented wheat (FW). Coarsely ground wheat was mixed with water (1:3 wt/wt) and inoculated with 6 log cfu ml(-1) each of an overnight culture of Lactobacillus plantarum and Pediococcus pentosaceus. Four fermentation treatments were conducted in 45 1, closed, PVC containers over 48 hours. Three treatments investigated the benefits of the addition of previously fermented wheat (backslopping, BSL) at different proportions (0.20, 0.33 or 0.42 kg) to freshly prepared wheat. The control treatment contained no addition of BSL. Elimination of coliforms from the FW within 48 h was only achieved through backslopping; where coliform bacteria counts decreased from approximately 6.5 log1... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1587387 Sat, 01 Apr 2006 05:00:00 +0100 1587387 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1587386&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D16649579%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Lv S, Li D, Xing J, Yongxi M, Huang D, Li J The experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of different inclusion levels of extruded corn on growth performance, nutrient digestibility and short-chain fatty acids profiles in the hindgut of weaned piglets. Ninety weaning piglets (28 d of age; 8.21 +/- 0.69 kg BW) were allotted to one of five dietary treatments only substituted for unprocessed corn at varying levels (0, 1/4, 2/4, 3/4, 4/4) with extruded corn in a 28-d experiment. On day 28, 30 piglets were killed to measure concentrations and molar ratios of short-chain fatty acids in the hindgut. From day 0-14, digestibility of DM, N and GE was increased linearly and diarrhea frequency was decreased due to the increasing inclusion levels of extruded corn. From day 14-28... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1587386 Sat, 01 Apr 2006 05:00:00 +0100 1587386 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1587385&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D16649580%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Cermak R, Breves GM The present study investigated the microbial degradation of the plant flavonol quercetin and its naturally occurring glycosides isoquercitrin and rutin in the porcine hindgut. The experiments were carried out with the semicontinuous colon-simulation technique. The fluid and particle phase of pig hindgut contents from freshly slaughtered animals were used for the in vitro incubations. Following a five-day equilibration period, quercetin, isoquercitrin or rutin were administered to fermentation vessels and their turnover rate was determined. None of the flavonols affected parameters of microbial fermentation like pH, redox potential or VFA production. The turnover rate for isoquercitrin was seven times higher than the turnover for the fermentation fluid. The ... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1587385 Sat, 01 Apr 2006 05:00:00 +0100 1587385 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1587400&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D16529153%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Wang Y, Han F, Xu Z Two experiments were conducted to evaluate duodenal gene expression of lactoferrin and effect of weaning age on mRNA expression of lactoferrin in piglets using semi-quantitative RT-PCR analysis. In experiment 1, a total of 15 female Duroc x Landrace x Yorkshire piglets of five groups, each group pigs at 1, 14, 28, 42 and 56 days of age were used to determine developmental gene expression of lactoferrin in duodenum. In experiment 2, a total of 18 female neonatal piglets were divided into three groups, which were weaned at 21, 28 and 35 days of age respectively. In each group, three piglets' duodena were sampled at 21, 28 and 35 days of age and the other three piglets' duodena were sampled 7 days after weaning in each group. The samples were collected for det... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1587400 Wed, 01 Feb 2006 05:00:00 +0100 1587400 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1587399&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D16529154%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Pope LL, Flickinger EA, Karr-Lilienthal LK, Spears JK, Krammer S, Fahey GC Orally supplemented lactoferrin derived from bovine milk is purported to have beneficial effects on gut health of animals. Bovine lactoferrin (0, 60, or 120 mg/d) was fed to ileal cannulated, adult dogs in a replicated 3 x 3 Latin square design with 14 d periods. Control dogs tended (p = 0.06) to have higher fecal DM concentrations compared with dogs supplemented with 120 mg/d lactoferrin (34.5 vs. 32.9%). Fecal scores ranged from 3.0 - 3.3, suggesting that feces of all dogs was near the desired consistency, with dogs supplemented with 120 mg/d lactoferrin tending (p = 0.08) to have higher fecal scores. Ileal azoreductase activity tended (p < 0.10) to be higher in dogs supplemented with 60 or 120 mg/... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1587399 Wed, 01 Feb 2006 05:00:00 +0100 1587399 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1587398&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D16529155%26dopt%3DAbstract This article reports the results of an experiment performed to reproduce the consequences of bad sanitary conditions on growth performance and nutrient plasma concentrations of piglets after weaning. We propose to use these experimental conditions as a model for studying the interactions between nutrition and pig health. In this experiment, 20 pairs of littermate piglets were selected and weaned at 28 days of age on the basis of their body weight. Within each pair, piglets were pair-fed and each one was affected to one of the two experimental groups. The first group was housed in a clean environment and was fed an antibiotic supplemented standard diet. The second group was kept in unsanitary rooms, mixed with non-experimental piglets and was fed the same standard diet but without antibioti... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1587398 Wed, 01 Feb 2006 05:00:00 +0100 1587398 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1587397&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D16529156%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Lodemann U, Hübener K, Jansen N, Martens H Many studies report positive effects of probiotic supplementation on the performance and health of piglets. The intention of this study was to describe the effects of Enterococcus faecium NCIMB 10415 on the transport and barrier functions of pig small intestine to improve our understanding of the underlying mechanisms of this probiotic. Ussing chamber studies were conducted with isolated jejunal epithelia of piglets at the age of 14, 28, 35 and 56 days. Jejunal tissues of the control group were compared with epithelia of piglets that had received a diet supplemented with the probiotic Enterococcus faecium NCIMB 10415. Transport properties (absorption and secretion) of the epithelia were examined by mucosal addition of glucose or ... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1587397 Wed, 01 Feb 2006 05:00:00 +0100 1587397 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1587396&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D16529157%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Ringel J, Susenbeth A An experiment utilizing 12 castrated male pigs within a body weight range of 23 - 147 kg was conducted to ascertain whether the alteration of protein quality by varying the level of lysine intake is influencing total energy retention, heat production and therewith efficiency of energy utilization for growth. The animals were allotted to two treatments of a constant medium (11.5 g/d) or high lysine intake (13.5 g/d) level on the basis of an isonitrogenous diet at an energy intake level of 1.3 MJ ME/kg BW0.75. Representing a tool for determining body composition, at target body weights of 35, 55, 80, 115 and 145 kg measurements of deuterium dilution space were undertaken. Protein and lipid accretion were calculated by difference, assuming accretion to conta... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1587396 Wed, 01 Feb 2006 05:00:00 +0100 1587396 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1587395&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D16529158%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Dänicke S, Ueberschär KH, Reese K, Weigend S An experiment was conducted to study the effects of graded levels of choline addition (0, 500, 1000 and 4000 mg/kg diet) in laying hen diets prepared either with degummed or refined rape oil on the performance, sensory properties and trimethylamine (TMA) contents of the eggs. Furthermore, the diets containing no supplemented choline or 4000mg choline/kg diet were tested with adequate or inadequate methionine supply (4.2 vs. 2.8 g methionine/kg diet). TMA metabolism and N-balance were measured for the latter diet types, but only with the diets containing refined rape oil. Therefore, a total of 12 and 4 diets were tested in the feeding (n = 60) and balance study (n = 9). Laying performance (23 -75 weeks of age) was not signi... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1587395 Wed, 01 Feb 2006 05:00:00 +0100 1587395 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1587394&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D16529159%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Lebzien P, Abel H, Schröder B, Flachowsky G Biotin is involved in many vital metabolic pathways and must be provided for an efficient fermentation in the rumen, as well as for the intermediary metabolism of the host animal. Factors influencing ruminal biotin metabolism and output are widely unknown at present. Therefore, dairy cows fitted with permanent cannulas in the dorsal rumen and in the proximal duodenum were fed differently composed diets, and the biotin flow at the proximal duodenum was measured. The diets (on DM basis) consisted of 8.9 kg grass hay (Diet 1), 8.9 kg corn silage plus 2.0 kg concentrate (Diet 2), or 7.3 and 7.4 kg grass silage plus 10.0kg concentrate (Diets 3 and 4). The concentrate in Diets 3 and 4 contained 87% wheat and corn grain, respectively. ... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1587394 Wed, 01 Feb 2006 05:00:00 +0100 1587394 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1587393&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D16529160%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Hu W, Liu J, Wu Y, Guo Y, Ye J Two experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of tea saponins (TS) on in vitro ruminal fermentation and growth performance in growing Boer goats. In Experiment 1, the Reading Pressure Technique (RPT) system was used to investigate the effect of addition of TS (0, 0.2, 0.4 and 0.8 mg/ml) on the ruminal fermentation in vitro. The 24h gas production and methane emission were significantly decreased when 0.4 or 0.8mg TS was included, suggesting that the TS could inhibit the release of methane. Compared to the control, the TS had little effect on pH values and the concentration of total volatile fatty acids in the ruminal fluids. However, the fermentation patterns were changed, with lower acetate and higher proportions of propionate when T... Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1587393 Wed, 01 Feb 2006 05:00:00 +0100 1587393 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1587401&cid=s_37544_28_f&fid=37544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D16429830%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Flachowsky G, Halle I, Aulrich K A ten-generation experiment with growing and laying quails were carried out to test diets with 40 (starter) or 50% (grower, layer) isogenic or transgenic (Bt 176) corn. Feeding of diets containing genetically-modified corn did not significantly influence health and performance of quails nor did it affect DNA-transfer and quality of meat and eggs of quails compared with the isogenic counterpart. PMID: 16429830 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Archives of Animal Nutrition) Archives of Animal Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1587401 Thu, 01 Dec 2005 05:00:00 +0100 1587401