MedWorm.com provides a medical RSS filtering service. Over 6000 RSS medical sources are combined and output via different filters. This feed contains the latest items from the 'Archives of General Psychiatry' source. Tue, 07 Feb 2012 09:35:41 +0100 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5665193&cid=s_27087_172_f&fid=27087&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchpsyc.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F69%2F2%2F209%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Archives of General Psychiatry) Archives of General Psychiatry journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5665193 Mon, 06 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5665193 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5665192&cid=s_27087_172_f&fid=27087&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchpsyc.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F69%2F2%2F195%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions  Adults with ASD have distributed differences in brain anatomy and connectivity that are associated with specific autistic features and traits. These results are compatible with the concept of autism as a syndrome characterized by atypical neural "connectivity." (Source: Archives of General Psychiatry) Archives of General Psychiatry journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5665192 Mon, 06 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5665192 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5665191&cid=s_27087_172_f&fid=27087&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchpsyc.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F69%2F2%2F187%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions  Functional brain response patterns to sexual stimuli contain sufficient information to identify pedophiles with high accuracy. The automatic classification of these patterns is a promising objective tool to clinically diagnose pedophilia. (Source: Archives of General Psychiatry) Archives of General Psychiatry journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5665191 Mon, 06 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5665191 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5665190&cid=s_27087_172_f&fid=27087&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchpsyc.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F69%2F2%2F177%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions  The results extend previous reports of a generally hypoactive reward system in pathological gamblers by showing that, even when subjective reward valuation is accounted for, gamblers still show altered reward representations. Furthermore, results point toward a gradual degradation of mesolimbic reward representations for delayed rewards during the course of pathological gambling. (Source: Archives of General Psychiatry) Archives of General Psychiatry journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5665190 Mon, 06 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5665190 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5665189&cid=s_27087_172_f&fid=27087&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchpsyc.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F69%2F2%2F166%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions  Prolonged exposure, CT, and delayed PE effectively prevent chronic PTSD in recent survivors. The lack of improvement from treatment with escitalopram requires further evaluation. Trauma-focused clinical interventions have no added benefit to survivors with subthreshold PTSD symptoms. Trial Registration  clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00146900 (Source: Archives of General Psychiatry) Archives of General Psychiatry journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5665189 Mon, 06 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5665189 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5665188&cid=s_27087_172_f&fid=27087&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchpsyc.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F69%2F2%2F159%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions  Risk of readmission is similar before and after first-time first-trimester abortion, contrasting with a marked increased in risk of readmission post partum. We speculate that recent psychiatric episodes may influence women's decisions to have an induced abortion; however, this decision does not appear to influence the illness course in women with a history of treated mental disorders. (Source: Archives of General Psychiatry) Archives of General Psychiatry journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5665188 Mon, 06 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5665188 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5665187&cid=s_27087_172_f&fid=27087&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchpsyc.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F69%2F2%2F150%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions  The findings of this study support the long-term safety and antidepressant efficacy of subcallosal cingulate DBS for TRD and suggest equivalent safety and efficacy for TRD in patients with BP. Trial Registration  clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00367003 (Source: Archives of General Psychiatry) Archives of General Psychiatry journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5665187 Mon, 06 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5665187 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5665186&cid=s_27087_172_f&fid=27087&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchpsyc.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F69%2F2%2F139%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions  These findings suggest that GABA, the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain, may be implicated in adolescent MDD and, more specifically, in those with anhedonia. In addition, use of a continuous rather than categorical scale of anhedonia, as in the present study, may permit greater specificity in evaluating this important clinical feature. (Source: Archives of General Psychiatry) Archives of General Psychiatry journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5665186 Mon, 06 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5665186 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5665185&cid=s_27087_172_f&fid=27087&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchpsyc.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F69%2F2%2F129%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions  Negative symptoms in schizophrenia are associated with a specific reinforcement learning abnormality: patients with high-negative symptoms do not represent the expected value of rewards when making decisions but learn to avoid punishments through the use of prediction errors. This computational framework offers the potential to understand negative symptoms at a mechanistic level. (Source: Archives of General Psychiatry) Archives of General Psychiatry journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5665185 Mon, 06 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5665185 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5665184&cid=s_27087_172_f&fid=27087&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchpsyc.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F69%2F2%2F121%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion  Cognitive therapy can be successful in promoting clinically meaningful improvements in functional outcome, motivation, and positive symptoms in low-functioning patients with significant cognitive impairment. Trial Registration  clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00350883 (Source: Archives of General Psychiatry) Archives of General Psychiatry journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5665184 Mon, 06 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5665184 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5665183&cid=s_27087_172_f&fid=27087&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchpsyc.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F69%2F2%2F119%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Archives of General Psychiatry) Archives of General Psychiatry journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5665183 Mon, 06 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5665183 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5665182&cid=s_27087_172_f&fid=27087&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchpsyc.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F69%2F2%2F116%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Archives of General Psychiatry) Archives of General Psychiatry journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5665182 Mon, 06 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5665182 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5665181&cid=s_27087_172_f&fid=27087&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchpsyc.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F69%2F2%2F114%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Archives of General Psychiatry) Archives of General Psychiatry journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5665181 Mon, 06 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5665181 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5665180&cid=s_27087_172_f&fid=27087&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchpsyc.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F69%2F2%2F112%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Archives of General Psychiatry) Archives of General Psychiatry journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5665180 Mon, 06 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5665180 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5665179&cid=s_27087_172_f&fid=27087&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchpsyc.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2Farchgenpsychiatry.2011.1882v1%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion  Insertions and deletions of genomic DNA in -aminobutyric acid cells at a key locus of the hippocampal circuit are reflected in transcriptional changes in GAD67 regulation that are circuitry-based and diagnosis-specific. (Source: Archives of General Psychiatry) Archives of General Psychiatry journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5665179 Mon, 06 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5665179 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5665178&cid=s_27087_172_f&fid=27087&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchpsyc.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2Farchgenpsychiatry.2011.2016v1%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions  Compared with never smokers, middle-aged male smokers experienced faster cognitive decline in global cognition and executive function. In ex-smokers with at least a 10-year cessation, there were no adverse effects on cognitive decline. (Source: Archives of General Psychiatry) Archives of General Psychiatry journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5665178 Mon, 06 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5665178 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5665177&cid=s_27087_172_f&fid=27087&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchpsyc.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2Farchgenpsychiatry.2011.2040v1%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions  African American individuals exhibited significantly higher rates of clinical diagnoses of schizophrenia than non-Latino white subjects, even after controlling for covariates such as serious affective disorder. (Source: Archives of General Psychiatry) Archives of General Psychiatry journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5665177 Mon, 06 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5665177 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5665176&cid=s_27087_172_f&fid=27087&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchpsyc.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2Farchgenpsychiatry.2011.2048v1%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions  Fluoxetine and venlafaxine decreased suicidal thoughts and behavior for adult and geriatric patients. This protective effect is mediated by decreases in depressive symptoms with treatment. For youths, no significant effects of treatment on suicidal thoughts and behavior were found, although depression responded to treatment. No evidence of increased suicide risk was observed in youths receiving active medication. To our knowledge, this is the first research synthesis of suicidal thoughts and behavior in depressed patients treated with antidepressants that examined the mediating role of depressive symptoms using complete longitudinal person-level data from a large set of published and unpublished studies. (Source: Archives of General Psychiatry) Archives of General Psychiatry journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5665176 Mon, 06 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5665176 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5557473&cid=s_27087_172_f&fid=27087&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchpsyc.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F69%2F1%2F98%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions  Approximately 90% of patients with MCI and pathologic CSF biomarker levels at baseline develop AD within 9 to 10 years. Levels of Aβ42 are already fully decreased at least 5 to 10 years before conversion to AD dementia, whereas T-tau and P-tau seem to be later markers. These results provide direct support in humans for the hypothesis that altered Aβ metabolism precedes tau-related pathology and neuronal degeneration. (Source: Archives of General Psychiatry) Archives of General Psychiatry journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5557473 Mon, 02 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5557473 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5557472&cid=s_27087_172_f&fid=27087&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchpsyc.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F69%2F1%2F89%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion  These data suggest that differential function of the serotonin transporter may mediate differential response to a severe trauma. When examined in a relatively homogenous sample with shared trauma and known prior levels of child and adult trauma, the 5-HTTLPR multimarker genotype may serve as a useful predictor of risk for PTSD-related symptoms in the weeks and months following the trauma. (Source: Archives of General Psychiatry) Archives of General Psychiatry journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5557472 Mon, 02 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5557472 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5557471&cid=s_27087_172_f&fid=27087&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchpsyc.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F69%2F1%2F80%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion  Most adult Medicaid beneficiaries who present for emergency care for deliberate self-harm are discharged to the community, and many do not receive emergency mental health assessments or follow-up outpatient mental health care. (Source: Archives of General Psychiatry) Archives of General Psychiatry journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5557471 Mon, 02 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5557471 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5557470&cid=s_27087_172_f&fid=27087&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchpsyc.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F69%2F1%2F71%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions  Excessive sleepiness is an important problem in the US population, even when using restrictive criteria to define it. Hypersomnia disorder is more prevalent than previously estimated. Excessive sleepiness has to be recognized and given attention by public health authorities, scientists, and clinicians. (Source: Archives of General Psychiatry) Archives of General Psychiatry journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5557470 Mon, 02 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5557470 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5557469&cid=s_27087_172_f&fid=27087&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchpsyc.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F69%2F1%2F62%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion  These data suggest that childhood trauma and variants in the FKBP5 gene may interact to increase the risk of overt aggressive behavior. (Source: Archives of General Psychiatry) Archives of General Psychiatry journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5557469 Mon, 02 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5557469 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5557468&cid=s_27087_172_f&fid=27087&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchpsyc.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F69%2F1%2F53%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions  Disproportionate amygdala enlargement is present by 37 months of age in ASD. The amygdala continues to grow at an increased rate, but substantial heterogeneity exists in amygdala and TCV growth patterns. Future studies aimed at clinical characterization of different growth patterns could have implications for choice and outcomes of treatment and behavioral therapy. (Source: Archives of General Psychiatry) Archives of General Psychiatry journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5557468 Mon, 02 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5557468 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5557467&cid=s_27087_172_f&fid=27087&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchpsyc.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F69%2F1%2F46%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion  We demonstrate an etiological similarity between ASDs and ALTs in the normal variation and, with results from previous studies, our data suggest that ASDs and ALTs are etiologically linked. (Source: Archives of General Psychiatry) Archives of General Psychiatry journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5557467 Mon, 02 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5557467 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5557466&cid=s_27087_172_f&fid=27087&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchpsyc.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F69%2F1%2F37%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions  In the absence of current symptoms, individuals with remitted major depressive disorder showed reduced frontopolar processing of stimuli showing social interactions, a reduction not seen for stimuli showing individual successes and failures and, therefore, not simply an effect of emotional valence. These results suggest a specific trait abnormality in social emotional processing associated with vulnerability to depression, which may have implications for understanding social cognition mechanisms and for developing effective psychological therapies. (Source: Archives of General Psychiatry) Archives of General Psychiatry journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5557466 Mon, 02 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5557466 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5557465&cid=s_27087_172_f&fid=27087&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchpsyc.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F69%2F1%2F27%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions  9-Tetrahydrocannabinol and CBD differentially modulate prefrontal, striatal, and hippocampal function during attentional salience processing. These effects may contribute to the effects of cannabis on psychotic symptoms and on the risk of psychotic disorders. (Source: Archives of General Psychiatry) Archives of General Psychiatry journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5557465 Mon, 02 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5557465 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5557464&cid=s_27087_172_f&fid=27087&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchpsyc.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F69%2F1%2F16%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions  Patients with schizophrenia or other psychoses showed greater loss of GM volume and increase of CSF in the frontal lobe relative to controls. Progressive changes were more evident in patients with schizophrenia than those with bipolar disorder. These changes in specific brain volumes after onset of psychotic symptoms may be related to markers of poorer prognosis. (Source: Archives of General Psychiatry) Archives of General Psychiatry journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5557464 Mon, 02 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5557464 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5557463&cid=s_27087_172_f&fid=27087&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchpsyc.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F69%2F1%2F7%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions  These results point to abnormalities in the expression of genes and protein associated with the integrity of the NOR and suggest them as substrates for the disconnectivity syndrome in SZ. The association of ANK3 with lower brain mRNA expression levels implicates a molecular mechanism for its genetic, clinical, and cognitive associations with SZ. (Source: Archives of General Psychiatry) Archives of General Psychiatry journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5557463 Mon, 02 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5557463 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5557462&cid=s_27087_172_f&fid=27087&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchpsyc.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F69%2F1%2F5%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Archives of General Psychiatry) Archives of General Psychiatry journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5557462 Mon, 02 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5557462 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5557461&cid=s_27087_172_f&fid=27087&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchpsyc.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F69%2F1%2F4%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Archives of General Psychiatry) Archives of General Psychiatry journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5557461 Mon, 02 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5557461 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5557460&cid=s_27087_172_f&fid=27087&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchpsyc.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F69%2F1%2F3%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Archives of General Psychiatry) Archives of General Psychiatry journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5557460 Mon, 02 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5557460 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5557459&cid=s_27087_172_f&fid=27087&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchpsyc.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2Farchgenpsychiatry.2011.1456v1%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions  The findings of this study support the long-term safety and antidepressant efficacy of subcallosal cingulate DBS for TRD and suggest equivalent safety and efficacy for TRD in patients with BP. Trial Registration  clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00367003 (Source: Archives of General Psychiatry) Archives of General Psychiatry journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5557459 Mon, 02 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5557459 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5557458&cid=s_27087_172_f&fid=27087&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchpsyc.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2Farchgenpsychiatry.2011.1508v1%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions  Risperidone was more efficacious than lithium or divalproex sodium for the initial treatment of childhood mania but had potentially serious metabolic effects. Trial Registration  clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00057681 (Source: Archives of General Psychiatry) Archives of General Psychiatry journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5557458 Mon, 02 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5557458 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5557457&cid=s_27087_172_f&fid=27087&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchpsyc.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2Farchgenpsychiatry.2011.1519v1%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions  To our knowledge, this study presents the first GABA concentration measurements in unmedicated patients with schizophrenia, who showed elevations in both GABA and Glx levels in the medial prefrontal cortex but not the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. Medicated patients did not show these elevations, suggesting possible normalization of levels with antipsychotic medication. The Glx elevations agree with prior magnetic resonance spectroscopy literature, but GABA elevations were unexpected and suggest possible involvement of classes of interneurons not found to show impairments in postmortem studies. (Source: Archives of General Psychiatry) Archives of General Psychiatry journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5557457 Mon, 02 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5557457 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5557456&cid=s_27087_172_f&fid=27087&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchpsyc.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2Farchgenpsychiatry.2011.1580v1%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions  Self-reported APSs signal risk for later nonaffective psychotic disorders but are not clinically useful as predictors. The difference between these population-based data and the high-risk literature in terms of the positive predictive value (1% vs 10%, respectively) and the time window of transition (5 years vs 12 months, respectively) can be attributed to the selective enrichment strategies that produce high-risk samples. (Source: Archives of General Psychiatry) Archives of General Psychiatry journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5557456 Mon, 02 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5557456 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5474601&cid=s_27087_172_f&fid=27087&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchpsyc.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F12%2F1284%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions  The prevalence of CD increases dramatically across generations of the Mexican-origin population after migration to the United States. This increase is of larger magnitude for nonaggressive than for aggressive symptoms, consistent with the suggestion that nonaggressive symptoms are more strongly influenced by environmental factors than are aggressive symptoms. (Source: Archives of General Psychiatry) Archives of General Psychiatry journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5474601 Mon, 05 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5474601 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5474600&cid=s_27087_172_f&fid=27087&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchpsyc.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F12%2F1276%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions  Inpatient discharges in short-stay facilities with a primary psychiatric diagnosis rose between 1996 and 2007, most dramatically for youth, but decreased among elderly individuals. Private funding bore a declining share of costs. (Source: Archives of General Psychiatry) Archives of General Psychiatry journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5474600 Mon, 05 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5474600 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5474599&cid=s_27087_172_f&fid=27087&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchpsyc.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F12%2F1267%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions  A large range of early risk factors, including prenatal, perinatal social, and parental psychopathology variables, act independently to heighten the likelihood of having persistently high levels of hyperactivity-impulsivity and inattention symptoms from infancy to middle childhood. Early interventions should be experimented with to provide effective tools for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder prevention. (Source: Archives of General Psychiatry) Archives of General Psychiatry journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5474599 Mon, 05 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5474599 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5474598&cid=s_27087_172_f&fid=27087&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchpsyc.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F12%2F1257%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions  These results support the hypothesized correspondence between clinical phenotypes and frontal cortex–basal ganglia circuits. Antipsychotic treatment effects comply with formal conceptions that dopamine serves as a teaching signal for reinforcement learning. Furthermore, we suggest that, unlike typical antipsychotics, aripiprazole may preserve reward sensitivity and hence avoid blunting motivational drives. (Source: Archives of General Psychiatry) Archives of General Psychiatry journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5474598 Mon, 05 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5474598 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5474597&cid=s_27087_172_f&fid=27087&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchpsyc.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F12%2F1247%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions  The high predictive value of a genetic interaction within the stress axis for the risk of comorbid AUD may be used for novel preventive and individualized therapeutic approaches. (Source: Archives of General Psychiatry) Archives of General Psychiatry journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5474597 Mon, 05 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5474597 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5474596&cid=s_27087_172_f&fid=27087&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchpsyc.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F12%2F1238%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions  Prescription opioid–dependent patients are most likely to reduce opioid use during buprenorphine-naloxone treatment; if tapered off buprenorphine-naloxone, even after 12 weeks of treatment, the likelihood of an unsuccessful outcome is high, even in patients receiving counseling in addition to SMM. Trial Registration  clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00316277 (Source: Archives of General Psychiatry) Archives of General Psychiatry journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5474596 Mon, 05 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5474596 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5474595&cid=s_27087_172_f&fid=27087&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchpsyc.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F12%2F1227%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions  Most patients treated with serotonergic antidepressants showed a clinical trajectory over time that is superior to that of placebo-treated patients. However, some patients receiving these medications did more poorly than patients receiving placebo. These data highlight the importance of ongoing monitoring of medication risks and benefits during serotonergic antidepressant treatment. They should further stimulate the search for biomarkers or other predictors of responder status in guiding antidepressant treatment. Trial Registration  clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00073411 (Source: Archives of General Psychiatry) Archives of General Psychiatry journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5474595 Mon, 05 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5474595 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5474594&cid=s_27087_172_f&fid=27087&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchpsyc.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F12%2F1218%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions  During a 10-year period, spending for Medicaid enrollees with depression increased substantially, with minimal improvements in quality of care. Antipsychotic use contributed significantly to the increase in spending, while contributing little to traditional measures of quality of care. (Source: Archives of General Psychiatry) Archives of General Psychiatry journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5474594 Mon, 05 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5474594 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5474593&cid=s_27087_172_f&fid=27087&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchpsyc.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F12%2F1207%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions  Coupling between the DLPFC and hippocampus is compromised in siblings of patients with schizophrenia and is independent of DLPFC engagement. The selective association with a single-nucleotide polymorphism in ZNF804A suggests that this intermediate phenotype proxies a distinct neural system mechanism related to genetic risk for schizophrenia and the biology of this gene. (Source: Archives of General Psychiatry) Archives of General Psychiatry journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5474593 Mon, 05 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5474593 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5474592&cid=s_27087_172_f&fid=27087&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchpsyc.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F12%2F1195%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions  Moderate-dose treatment with varenicline has a unique treatment profile on core schizophrenia-related biomarkers. Further development is warranted for specific nAChR compounds and dosing and duration strategies to target subgroups of schizophrenic patients with specific biological deficits. Trial Registration  clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00492349 (Source: Archives of General Psychiatry) Archives of General Psychiatry journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5474592 Mon, 05 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5474592 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5474591&cid=s_27087_172_f&fid=27087&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchpsyc.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F12%2F1193%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Archives of General Psychiatry) Archives of General Psychiatry journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5474591 Mon, 05 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5474591 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5474590&cid=s_27087_172_f&fid=27087&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchpsyc.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F12%2F1192%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Archives of General Psychiatry) Archives of General Psychiatry journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5474590 Mon, 05 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5474590 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5474589&cid=s_27087_172_f&fid=27087&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchpsyc.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F12%2F1191%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Archives of General Psychiatry) Archives of General Psychiatry journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5474589 Mon, 05 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5474589 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5474588&cid=s_27087_172_f&fid=27087&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchpsyc.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2Farchgenpsychiatry.2011.154v1%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion  Depression in patients with diabetes was associated with a substantively increased risk for development of dementia compared with those with diabetes alone. (Source: Archives of General Psychiatry) Archives of General Psychiatry journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5474588 Mon, 05 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5474588 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5474587&cid=s_27087_172_f&fid=27087&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchpsyc.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2Farchgenpsychiatry.2011.156v1%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions  The recreational use of MDMA is associated with long-lasting increases in serotonin2A receptor density. Serotonin2A receptor levels correlate positively with lifetime MDMA use and do not decrease with abstinence. These results suggest that MDMA use produces chronic serotonin neurotoxicity in humans. Given the broad role of serotonin in human brain function, the possibility for therapeutic MDMA use, and the widespread recreational popularity of this drug, these results have critical public health implications. (Source: Archives of General Psychiatry) Archives of General Psychiatry journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5474587 Mon, 05 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5474587 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5474586&cid=s_27087_172_f&fid=27087&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchpsyc.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2Farchgenpsychiatry.2011.157v1%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions  A psychiatric episode in the immediate postpartum period significantly predicted conversion to bipolar affective disorder during the follow-up period. Results indicate that the presentation of mental illness in the early postpartum period is a marker of possible underlying bipolarity. (Source: Archives of General Psychiatry) Archives of General Psychiatry journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5474586 Mon, 05 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5474586 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5474585&cid=s_27087_172_f&fid=27087&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchpsyc.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2Farchgenpsychiatry.2011.160v1%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions  Among US adolescents, DSM-IV disorders are highly prevalent and persistent. Persistence is higher for adolescents than among adults and appears to be due more to recurrence than chronicity of child-adolescent onset disorders. (Source: Archives of General Psychiatry) Archives of General Psychiatry journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5474585 Mon, 05 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5474585 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5398386&cid=s_27087_172_f&fid=27087&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchpsyc.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F11%2F1176%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions  Substance use is widespread among adolescents of Native American, white, Hispanic, and multiple race/ethnicity. These groups also are disproportionately affected by substance-related disorders. (Source: Archives of General Psychiatry) Archives of General Psychiatry journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5398386 Mon, 07 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5398386 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5398385&cid=s_27087_172_f&fid=27087&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchpsyc.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F11%2F1168%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion  The addition of mirtazapine to substance use counseling decreased methamphetamine use among active users and was associated with decreases in sexual risk despite low to moderate medication adherence. Trial Registration  clinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT00497081 (Source: Archives of General Psychiatry) Archives of General Psychiatry journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5398385 Mon, 07 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5398385 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5398384&cid=s_27087_172_f&fid=27087&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchpsyc.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F11%2F1158%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions  The consistent findings on the association of antisocial, borderline, and schizotypal personality disorders with persistent SUD indicates the importance of these personality disorders in understanding the course of SUD. Future studies should examine dimensional representations of personality disorders and the role of specific components of these disorders, biological and environmental contributors to these relationships, and potential applications of these findings to treatment development. (Source: Archives of General Psychiatry) Archives of General Psychiatry journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5398384 Mon, 07 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5398384 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5398383&cid=s_27087_172_f&fid=27087&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchpsyc.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F11%2F1157%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Archives of General Psychiatry) Archives of General Psychiatry journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5398383 Mon, 07 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5398383 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5398382&cid=s_27087_172_f&fid=27087&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchpsyc.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F11%2F1151%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion  In this sample, high rates of addictive disorders persisted over 10 years among first offenders and greatly exceeded those found in a general population sample. (Source: Archives of General Psychiatry) Archives of General Psychiatry journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5398382 Mon, 07 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5398382 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5398381&cid=s_27087_172_f&fid=27087&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchpsyc.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F11%2F1143%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions  These findings suggest that neuronal injury associated with higher protein load in critical brain regions might provide a mechanism in the pathophysiologic manifestation of MDD in late life and have implications for the therapeutics of depression in elderly individuals. (Source: Archives of General Psychiatry) Archives of General Psychiatry journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5398381 Mon, 07 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5398381 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5398380&cid=s_27087_172_f&fid=27087&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchpsyc.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F11%2F1135%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion  In adults younger than 40 years, depression and history of attempted suicide are significant independent predictors of premature CVD and IHD mortality in both sexes. (Source: Archives of General Psychiatry) Archives of General Psychiatry journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5398380 Mon, 07 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5398380 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5398379&cid=s_27087_172_f&fid=27087&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchpsyc.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F11%2F1122%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions  Anatomic gray matter reductions are observable in adults with childhood ADHD, regardless of the current diagnosis. The most affected regions underpin top-down control of attention and regulation of emotion and motivation. Exploratory analyses suggest that diagnostic remission may result from compensatory maturation of prefrontal, cerebellar, and thalamic circuitry. (Source: Archives of General Psychiatry) Archives of General Psychiatry journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5398379 Mon, 07 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5398379 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5398378&cid=s_27087_172_f&fid=27087&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchpsyc.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F11%2F1113%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion  This evidence of similar etiology across normal variation and the extremes has implications for molecular genetic models of autism spectrum disorders and for conceptualizing autism spectrum disorders as the quantitative extreme of a neurodevelopmental continuum. (Source: Archives of General Psychiatry) Archives of General Psychiatry journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5398378 Mon, 07 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5398378 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5398377&cid=s_27087_172_f&fid=27087&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchpsyc.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F11%2F1104%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion  Although the number of children exposed prenatally to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors in this population was low, results suggest that exposure, especially during the first trimester, may modestly increase the risk of ASD. The potential risk associated with exposure must be balanced with the risk to the mother or fetus of untreated mental health disorders. Further studies are needed to replicate and extend these findings. (Source: Archives of General Psychiatry) Archives of General Psychiatry journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5398377 Mon, 07 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5398377 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5398376&cid=s_27087_172_f&fid=27087&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchpsyc.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F11%2F1095%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion  Susceptibility to ASD has moderate genetic heritability and a substantial shared twin environmental component. (Source: Archives of General Psychiatry) Archives of General Psychiatry journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5398376 Mon, 07 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5398376 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5398375&cid=s_27087_172_f&fid=27087&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchpsyc.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F11%2F1093%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Archives of General Psychiatry) Archives of General Psychiatry journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5398375 Mon, 07 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5398375 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5398374&cid=s_27087_172_f&fid=27087&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchpsyc.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F11%2F1091%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Archives of General Psychiatry) Archives of General Psychiatry journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5398374 Mon, 07 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5398374 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5398373&cid=s_27087_172_f&fid=27087&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchpsyc.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F11%2F1090%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Archives of General Psychiatry) Archives of General Psychiatry journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5398373 Mon, 07 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5398373 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5398372&cid=s_27087_172_f&fid=27087&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchpsyc.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F11%2F1089%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Archives of General Psychiatry) Archives of General Psychiatry journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5398372 Mon, 07 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5398372 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5398371&cid=s_27087_172_f&fid=27087&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchpsyc.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F11%2F1088%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Archives of General Psychiatry) Archives of General Psychiatry journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5398371 Mon, 07 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5398371 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5398370&cid=s_27087_172_f&fid=27087&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchpsyc.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2Farchgenpsychiatry.2011.121v1%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions  Prescription opioid–dependent patients are most likely to reduce opioid use during buprenorphine-naloxone treatment; if tapered off buprenorphine-naloxone, even after 12 weeks of treatment, the likelihood of an unsuccessful outcome is high, even in patients receiving counseling in addition to SMM. Trial Registration  clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00316277 (Source: Archives of General Psychiatry) Archives of General Psychiatry journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5398370 Mon, 07 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5398370 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5398369&cid=s_27087_172_f&fid=27087&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchpsyc.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2Farchgenpsychiatry.2011.147v1%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions  The modular approach outperformed usual care and standard evidence-based treatments on multiple clinical outcome measures. The modular approach may be a promising way to build on the strengths of evidence-based treatments, improving their utility and effectiveness with referred youths in clinical practice settings. Trial Registration  clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT01178554 (Source: Archives of General Psychiatry) Archives of General Psychiatry journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5398369 Mon, 07 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5398369 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5398368&cid=s_27087_172_f&fid=27087&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchpsyc.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2Farchgenpsychiatry.2011.148v1%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions  Clinical distinctions among categorical diagnostic subtypes of autism spectrum disorders were not reliable even across sites with well-documented fidelity using standardized diagnostic instruments. Results support the move from existing subgroupings of autism spectrum disorders to dimensional descriptions of core features of social affect and fixated, repetitive behaviors, together with characteristics such as language level and cognitive function. (Source: Archives of General Psychiatry) Archives of General Psychiatry journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5398368 Mon, 07 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5398368 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5398367&cid=s_27087_172_f&fid=27087&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchpsyc.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2Farchgenpsychiatry.2011.151v1%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions  Prefrontal cortex neurons from subjects with autism show changes in chromatin structures at hundreds of loci genome-wide, revealing considerable overlap between genetic and epigenetic risk maps of developmental brain disorders. (Source: Archives of General Psychiatry) Archives of General Psychiatry journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5398367 Mon, 07 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5398367 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5283009&cid=s_27087_172_f&fid=27087&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchpsyc.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F10%2F1072%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions  Regardless of claim outcome, veterans who apply for PTSD disability benefits are highly impaired. However, receiving PTSD benefits was associated with clinically meaningful reductions in PTSD symptoms and less poverty and homelessness. (Source: Archives of General Psychiatry) Archives of General Psychiatry journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5283009 Mon, 03 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5283009 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5283008&cid=s_27087_172_f&fid=27087&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchpsyc.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F10%2F1065%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions  Current postdeployment mental health screening tools are dependent on soldiers honestly reporting their symptoms. This study indicates that the Post-Deployment Health Assessment screening process misses most soldiers with significant mental health problems. Further efforts are required to reduce the stigma of reporting and improve willingness to receive care for mental health problems. (Source: Archives of General Psychiatry) Archives of General Psychiatry journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5283008 Mon, 03 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5283008 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5283007&cid=s_27087_172_f&fid=27087&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchpsyc.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F10%2F1058%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions  This is the first analysis of the absolute risk of suicide in a total national cohort of individuals followed up from the first psychiatric contact, and it represents, to our knowledge, the hitherto largest sample with the longest and most complete follow-up. Our estimates are lower than those most often cited, but they are still substantial and indicate the continuous need for prevention of suicide among people with mental disorders. (Source: Archives of General Psychiatry) Archives of General Psychiatry journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5283007 Mon, 03 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5283007 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5283006&cid=s_27087_172_f&fid=27087&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchpsyc.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F10%2F1050%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion  Autopsy rates may spatially and temporally affect the validity of suicide mortality statistics. Caution should be exercised in comparing international suicide rates and evaluating interventions that target suicide rate reduction. (Source: Archives of General Psychiatry) Archives of General Psychiatry journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5283006 Mon, 03 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5283006 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5283005&cid=s_27087_172_f&fid=27087&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchpsyc.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F10%2F1039%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions  These findings suggest that a greater GM volume in the mesolimbic reward system may be associated with violent behavior and that reduced GM volumes in the prefrontal cortex, orbitofrontal cortex, and premotor area characterize men with SUDs. (Source: Archives of General Psychiatry) Archives of General Psychiatry journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5283005 Mon, 03 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5283005 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5283004&cid=s_27087_172_f&fid=27087&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchpsyc.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F10%2F1032%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions  Children whose parents score poorly on IQ tests may have an increased risk of conduct, emotional, and attention problems. The home environment, parental malaise, and the child's own IQ may have a role in explaining these associations. (Source: Archives of General Psychiatry) Archives of General Psychiatry journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5283004 Mon, 03 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5283004 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5283003&cid=s_27087_172_f&fid=27087&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchpsyc.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F10%2F1021%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions  Boys with autism experienced accelerated HC growth in the first year of life. However, this phenomenon reflected a generalized process affecting other morphologic features, including height and weight. The study highlights the importance of studying factors that influence not only neuronal development but also skeletal growth in autism. (Source: Archives of General Psychiatry) Archives of General Psychiatry journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5283003 Mon, 03 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5283003 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5283002&cid=s_27087_172_f&fid=27087&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchpsyc.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F10%2F1012%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions  Childhood anxiety and externalizing diagnoses predict major affective illness in adolescent offspring in families with probands with BP. (Source: Archives of General Psychiatry) Archives of General Psychiatry journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5283002 Mon, 03 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5283002 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5283001&cid=s_27087_172_f&fid=27087&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchpsyc.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F10%2F1003%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions  We confirmed the validity of the 3 previously found spectra in an outpatient population. We also found novel somatoform and antagonism dimensions, which this investigation was able to detect because, to our knowledge, this is the first study to include a variety of somatoform and personality disorders. The findings suggest that many PDs can be placed in Axis I with related clinical disorders. They also suggest that unipolar depression may be better placed with anxiety disorders than with bipolar disorders. The emerging quantitative nosology promises to provide a more useful guide to clinicians and researchers. (Source: Archives of General Psychiatry) Archives of General Psychiatry journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5283001 Mon, 03 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5283001 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5283000&cid=s_27087_172_f&fid=27087&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchpsyc.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F10%2F992%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions  Both the DSM-IV-TR and ICSD-2 provide viable insomnia diagnoses, but findings support selected subtypes from each of the 2 nosologies. Nonetheless, findings regarding the frequently used DSM-IV-TR diagnosis of primary insomnia and its related ICSD-2 subtypes suggest that their poor reliability and validity are perhaps due to significant overlap with comorbid insomnia subtypes. Therefore, alternate diagnostic paradigms should be considered for insomnia classification. (Source: Archives of General Psychiatry) Archives of General Psychiatry journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5283000 Mon, 03 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5283000 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5282999&cid=s_27087_172_f&fid=27087&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchpsyc.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F10%2F990%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Archives of General Psychiatry) Archives of General Psychiatry journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5282999 Mon, 03 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5282999 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5282998&cid=s_27087_172_f&fid=27087&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchpsyc.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F10%2F989%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Archives of General Psychiatry) Archives of General Psychiatry journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5282998 Mon, 03 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5282998 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5282997&cid=s_27087_172_f&fid=27087&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchpsyc.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F10%2F988%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Archives of General Psychiatry) Archives of General Psychiatry journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5282997 Mon, 03 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5282997 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5282996&cid=s_27087_172_f&fid=27087&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchpsyc.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F10%2F987%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Archives of General Psychiatry) Archives of General Psychiatry journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5282996 Mon, 03 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5282996 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5282995&cid=s_27087_172_f&fid=27087&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchpsyc.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2Farchgenpsychiatry.2011.127v1%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions  Prolonged exposure, CT, and delayed PE effectively prevent chronic PTSD in recent survivors. The lack of improvement from treatment with escitalopram requires further evaluation. Trauma-focused clinical interventions have no added benefit to survivors with subthreshold PTSD symptoms. Trial Registration  clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00146900 (Source: Archives of General Psychiatry) Archives of General Psychiatry journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5282995 Mon, 03 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5282995 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5282994&cid=s_27087_172_f&fid=27087&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchpsyc.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2Farchgenpsychiatry.2011.129v1%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion  Cognitive therapy can be successful in promoting clinically meaningful improvements in functional outcome, motivation, and positive symptoms in low-functioning patients with significant cognitive impairment. Trial Registration  clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00350883 (Source: Archives of General Psychiatry) Archives of General Psychiatry journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5282994 Mon, 03 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5282994 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5282993&cid=s_27087_172_f&fid=27087&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchpsyc.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2Farchgenpsychiatry.2011.130v1%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions  Functional brain response patterns to sexual stimuli contain sufficient information to identify pedophiles with high accuracy. The automatic classification of these patterns is a promising objective tool to clinically diagnose pedophilia. (Source: Archives of General Psychiatry) Archives of General Psychiatry journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5282993 Mon, 03 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5282993 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5282992&cid=s_27087_172_f&fid=27087&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchpsyc.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2Farchgenpsychiatry.2011.131v1%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions  These findings suggest that GABA, the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain, may be implicated in adolescent MDD and, more specifically, in those with anhedonia. In addition, use of a continuous rather than categorical scale of anhedonia, as in the present study, may permit greater specificity in evaluating this important clinical feature. (Source: Archives of General Psychiatry) Archives of General Psychiatry journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5282992 Mon, 03 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5282992 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5282991&cid=s_27087_172_f&fid=27087&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchpsyc.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2Farchgenpsychiatry.2011.141v1%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Archives of General Psychiatry) Archives of General Psychiatry journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5282991 Mon, 03 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5282991 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5205561&cid=s_27087_172_f&fid=27087&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchpsyc.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F9%2F980%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Archives of General Psychiatry) Archives of General Psychiatry journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5205561 Mon, 05 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5205561 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5205560&cid=s_27087_172_f&fid=27087&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchpsyc.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F9%2F978-a%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Archives of General Psychiatry) Archives of General Psychiatry journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5205560 Mon, 05 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5205560 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5205559&cid=s_27087_172_f&fid=27087&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchpsyc.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F9%2F978%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Archives of General Psychiatry) Archives of General Psychiatry journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5205559 Mon, 05 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5205559 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5205558&cid=s_27087_172_f&fid=27087&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchpsyc.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F9%2F970%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion  This study confirmed that late-life depression is associated with increased risk of dementia and supplied evidence that late-life depression may be an early manifestation of dementia rather than increasing risk for dementia. (Source: Archives of General Psychiatry) Archives of General Psychiatry journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5205558 Mon, 05 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5205558 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5205557&cid=s_27087_172_f&fid=27087&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchpsyc.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F9%2F961%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions  Cognitive markers at baseline were more robust predictors of conversion than most biomarkers. Longitudinal analyses suggested that conversion appeared to be driven less by changes in the neurobiologic trajectory of the disease than by a sharp decline in functional ability and, to a lesser extent, by declines in executive function. (Source: Archives of General Psychiatry) Archives of General Psychiatry journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5205557 Mon, 05 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5205557 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5205556&cid=s_27087_172_f&fid=27087&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchpsyc.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F9%2F953%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions  Nicotine from SHS exposure results in substantial brain α4β2* nAChR occupancy in smokers and nonsmokers. Study findings suggest that such exposure delivers a priming dose of nicotine to the brain that contributes to continued cigarette use in smokers. This study has implications for both biological research into the link between SHS exposure and cigarette use and public policy regarding the need to limit SHS exposure in cars and other enclosed spaces. (Source: Archives of General Psychiatry) Archives of General Psychiatry journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5205556 Mon, 05 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5205556 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5205555&cid=s_27087_172_f&fid=27087&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchpsyc.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F9%2F942%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions  These results identify a significant effect of high adrenal sensitivity, anxiety, and increased stress- and cue-induced alcohol craving on subsequent alcohol relapse and treatment outcomes. Findings suggest that new treatments that decrease adrenal sensitivity, stress- and cue-induced alcohol craving, and anxiety could be beneficial in improving alcohol relapse outcomes. (Source: Archives of General Psychiatry) Archives of General Psychiatry journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5205555 Mon, 05 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5205555 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5205554&cid=s_27087_172_f&fid=27087&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchpsyc.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F9%2F935%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions  Most suicide decedents could be classified by patterns of risk factors. Furthermore, most classes revealed a need for more connected services across medical, mental health/substance abuse, and court/social service systems. Reducing fragmentation across these agencies and recruiting family, friend, and community support for individuals experiencing mental health problems and/or other stress might significantly reduce suicides. (Source: Archives of General Psychiatry) Archives of General Psychiatry journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5205554 Mon, 05 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5205554 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5205553&cid=s_27087_172_f&fid=27087&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchpsyc.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F9%2F920%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions  Bereavement-related, single, brief depressive episodes have distinct demographic and symptom profiles compared with other types of depressive episodes and are not associated with increased risk of future depression. The findings support preserving the DSM-IV bereavement exclusion criterion for major depressive episodes in the DSM-5. (Source: Archives of General Psychiatry) Archives of General Psychiatry journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5205553 Mon, 05 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5205553 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5205552&cid=s_27087_172_f&fid=27087&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchpsyc.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F9%2F911%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions  Grief reactions abate over time for most children and adolescents bereaved by sudden parental death; however, a subset shows increased or prolonged grief reactions, which in turn increases the risk of functional impairment and depression. Research regarding interventions designed to relieve the burden of grief in bereaved children and adolescents are needed. Such efforts also should assess and address grief reactions in the surviving parent. (Source: Archives of General Psychiatry) Archives of General Psychiatry journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5205552 Mon, 05 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5205552 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5205551&cid=s_27087_172_f&fid=27087&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchpsyc.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F9%2F901%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions  These data suggest that the inheritance of GR sensitivity–moderating FKBP5 polymorphisms can determine specific types of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis dysfunction within PTSD, which are also reflected in gene-expression changes of a subset of GR-responsive genes. Thus, these findings indicate that functional variants in FKBP5 are associated with biologically distinct subtypes of PTSD. (Source: Archives of General Psychiatry) Archives of General Psychiatry journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5205551 Mon, 05 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5205551 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5205550&cid=s_27087_172_f&fid=27087&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchpsyc.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F9%2F892%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions  These data suggest an enduring effect of trauma history on brain function and the phenotype of PTSD. The association of early age at first trauma and more pronounced neurobiological and behavioral alterations in PTSD suggests a developmental component in the cause of PTSD. (Source: Archives of General Psychiatry) Archives of General Psychiatry journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5205550 Mon, 05 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5205550 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5205549&cid=s_27087_172_f&fid=27087&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchpsyc.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F9%2F881%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions  Altered prefrontal, hippocampal, and temporal function in people with an ARMS is related to a reduction in thalamic glutamate levels, and this relationship is different from that in healthy controls. (Source: Archives of General Psychiatry) Archives of General Psychiatry journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5205549 Mon, 05 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5205549 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5205548&cid=s_27087_172_f&fid=27087&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchpsyc.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F9%2F880%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Archives of General Psychiatry) Archives of General Psychiatry journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5205548 Mon, 05 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5205548 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5205547&cid=s_27087_172_f&fid=27087&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchpsyc.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F9%2F871%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions  In schizophrenia, the cortex shows excessive thinning over time in widespread areas of the brain, most pronounced in the frontal and temporal areas, and progresses across the entire course of the illness. The excessive thinning of the cortex appears related to outcome and medication intake. (Source: Archives of General Psychiatry) Archives of General Psychiatry journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5205547 Mon, 05 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5205547 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5205546&cid=s_27087_172_f&fid=27087&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchpsyc.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F9%2F869%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Archives of General Psychiatry) Archives of General Psychiatry journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5205546 Mon, 05 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5205546 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5205545&cid=s_27087_172_f&fid=27087&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchpsyc.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F9%2F868%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Archives of General Psychiatry) Archives of General Psychiatry journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5205545 Mon, 05 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5205545 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5205544&cid=s_27087_172_f&fid=27087&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchpsyc.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F9%2F867%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Archives of General Psychiatry) Archives of General Psychiatry journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5205544 Mon, 05 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5205544 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5205543&cid=s_27087_172_f&fid=27087&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchpsyc.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2Farchgenpsychiatry.2011.108v1%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions  Most adult Medicaid beneficiaries who present for emergency care for deliberate self-harm are discharged to the community, and many do not receive emergency mental health assessments or follow-up outpatient mental health care. (Source: Archives of General Psychiatry) Archives of General Psychiatry journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5205543 Mon, 05 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5205543 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5205542&cid=s_27087_172_f&fid=27087&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchpsyc.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2Farchgenpsychiatry.2011.109v1%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions  These data suggest that differential function of the serotonin transporter may mediate differential response to a severe trauma. When examined in a relatively homogenous sample with shared trauma and known prior levels of child and adult trauma, the 5-HTTLPR multimarker genotype may serve as a useful predictor of risk for PTSD-related symptoms in the weeks and months following the trauma. (Source: Archives of General Psychiatry) Archives of General Psychiatry journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5205542 Mon, 05 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5205542 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5205541&cid=s_27087_172_f&fid=27087&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchpsyc.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2Farchgenpsychiatry.2011.110v1%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions  These results point to abnormalities in the expression of genes and protein associated with the integrity of the NOR and suggest them as substrates for the disconnectivity syndrome in SZ. The association of ANK3 with lower brain mRNA expression levels implicates a molecular mechanism for its genetic, clinical, and cognitive associations with SZ. (Source: Archives of General Psychiatry) Archives of General Psychiatry journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5205541 Mon, 05 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5205541 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5085888&cid=s_27087_172_f&fid=27087&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchpsyc.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F8%2F853%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion  Valproate treatment did not delay emergence of agitation or psychosis or slow cognitive or functional decline in patients with moderate Alzheimer disease and was associated with significant toxic effects. Trial Registration  clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00071721 (Source: Archives of General Psychiatry) Archives of General Psychiatry journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5085888 Sun, 31 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5085888 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5085887&cid=s_27087_172_f&fid=27087&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchpsyc.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F8%2F845%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions  These results suggest that SMI is accompanied by functional alterations in hippocampal integrity that reflect early neuronal dysfunction and by compensatory mechanisms that preserve memory performance. (Source: Archives of General Psychiatry) Archives of General Psychiatry journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5085887 Sun, 31 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5085887 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5085886&cid=s_27087_172_f&fid=27087&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchpsyc.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F8%2F838%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions  These results are consistent with the hypothesis that childhood adversities and early-onset mental disorders have independent, broad-spectrum effects that increase the risk of diverse chronic physical conditions in later life. They require confirmation in a prospectively designed study. The long course of these associations has theoretical and research implications. (Source: Archives of General Psychiatry) Archives of General Psychiatry journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5085886 Sun, 31 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5085886 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5085885&cid=s_27087_172_f&fid=27087&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchpsyc.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F8%2F827%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions  The 10-year course of BPD is characterized by high rates of remission, low rates of relapse, and severe and persistent impairment in social functioning. These results inform expectations of patients, families, and clinicians and document the severe public health burden of this disorder. (Source: Archives of General Psychiatry) Archives of General Psychiatry journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5085885 Sun, 31 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5085885 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5085884&cid=s_27087_172_f&fid=27087&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchpsyc.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F8%2F817%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions  The increase in prefrontal and anterior cingulate cortex MAO-A binding and associated reduction in plasma harman level represent a novel, additional explanation for depressed mood during withdrawal from heavy cigarette smoking. This finding resolves a longstanding paradox regarding the association of cigarette smoking with depression and suicide and argues for additional clinical trials on the effects of MAO-A inhibitors on quitting heavy cigarette smoking. (Source: Archives of General Psychiatry) Archives of General Psychiatry journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5085884 Sun, 31 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5085884 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5085883&cid=s_27087_172_f&fid=27087&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchpsyc.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F8%2F808%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions  Similar patterns of neural activation are implicated in addictive-like eating behavior and substance dependence: elevated activation in reward circuitry in response to food cues and reduced activation of inhibitory regions in response to food intake. (Source: Archives of General Psychiatry) Archives of General Psychiatry journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5085883 Sun, 31 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5085883 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5085882&cid=s_27087_172_f&fid=27087&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchpsyc.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F8%2F800%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions  Self-medication in anxiety disorders confers substantial risk of incident substance use disorders. Conversely, self-medication in substance use disorders is associated with incident social phobia. These results not only clarify several pathways that may lead to the development of comorbidity but also indicate at-risk populations and suggest potential points of intervention in the treatment of comorbidity. (Source: Archives of General Psychiatry) Archives of General Psychiatry journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5085882 Sun, 31 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5085882 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5085881&cid=s_27087_172_f&fid=27087&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchpsyc.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F8%2F791%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions  The bipolar-specifier criteria in comparison with DSM-IV-TR criteria were valid and identified an additional 31% of patients with major depressive episodes who scored positive on the bipolarity criteria. Family history, illness course, and clinical status, in addition to DSM-IV-TR criteria, may provide useful information for physicians when assessing evidence of bipolarity in patients with major depressive episodes. Such an assessment is recommended before deciding on treatment. (Source: Archives of General Psychiatry) Archives of General Psychiatry journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5085881 Sun, 31 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5085881 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5085880&cid=s_27087_172_f&fid=27087&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchpsyc.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F8%2F781%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion  This genome-wide association study identifies a common genetic variant that contributes to the heritable reduction of cortical thickness in schizophrenia. These results highlight the usefulness of cortical thickness as an intermediate phenotype for neuropsychiatric diseases. Future independent replication studies are required to confirm these findings. (Source: Archives of General Psychiatry) Archives of General Psychiatry journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5085880 Sun, 31 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5085880 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5085879&cid=s_27087_172_f&fid=27087&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchpsyc.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F8%2F773%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion  There are too many studies with statistically significant results in the literature on brain volume abnormalities. This pattern suggests strong biases in the literature, with selective outcome reporting and selective analyses reporting being possible explanations. (Source: Archives of General Psychiatry) Archives of General Psychiatry journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5085879 Sun, 31 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5085879 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5085878&cid=s_27087_172_f&fid=27087&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchpsyc.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F8%2F771%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Archives of General Psychiatry) Archives of General Psychiatry journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5085878 Sun, 31 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5085878 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5085877&cid=s_27087_172_f&fid=27087&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchpsyc.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F8%2F769%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Archives of General Psychiatry) Archives of General Psychiatry journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5085877 Sun, 31 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5085877 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5085876&cid=s_27087_172_f&fid=27087&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchpsyc.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F8%2F768%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Archives of General Psychiatry) Archives of General Psychiatry journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5085876 Sun, 31 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5085876 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5085875&cid=s_27087_172_f&fid=27087&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchpsyc.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2Farchgenpsychiatry.2011.100v1%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions  The high predictive value of a genetic interaction within the stress axis for the risk of comorbid AUD may be used for novel preventive and individualized therapeutic approaches. (Source: Archives of General Psychiatry) Archives of General Psychiatry journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5085875 Sun, 31 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5085875 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5085874&cid=s_27087_172_f&fid=27087&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchpsyc.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2Farchgenpsychiatry.2011.103v1%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions  Coupling between the DLPFC and hippocampus is compromised in siblings of patients with schizophrenia and is independent of DLPFC engagement. The selective association with a single-nucleotide polymorphism in ZNF804A suggests that this intermediate phenotype proxies a distinct neural system mechanism related to genetic risk for schizophrenia and the biology of this gene. (Source: Archives of General Psychiatry) Archives of General Psychiatry journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5085874 Sun, 31 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5085874 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5085873&cid=s_27087_172_f&fid=27087&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchpsyc.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2Farchgenpsychiatry.2011.83v1%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions  Moderate-dose treatment with varenicline has a unique treatment profile on core schizophrenia-related biomarkers. Further development is warranted for specific nAChR compounds and dosing and duration strategies to target subgroups of schizophrenic patients with specific biological deficits. Trial Registration  clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00492349 (Source: Archives of General Psychiatry) Archives of General Psychiatry journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5085873 Sun, 31 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5085873 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5085872&cid=s_27087_172_f&fid=27087&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchpsyc.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2Farchgenpsychiatry.2011.84v1%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions  Inpatient discharges in short-stay facilities with a primary psychiatric diagnosis rose between 1996 and 2007, most dramatically for youth, but decreased among elderly individuals. Private funding bore a declining share of costs. (Source: Archives of General Psychiatry) Archives of General Psychiatry journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5085872 Sun, 31 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5085872 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5007773&cid=s_27087_172_f&fid=27087&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchpsyc.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2Farchgenpsychiatry.2011.98v1%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Archives of General Psychiatry) Archives of General Psychiatry journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5007773 Mon, 04 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5007773 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5007772&cid=s_27087_172_f&fid=27087&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchpsyc.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2Farchgenpsychiatry.2011.99v1%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Archives of General Psychiatry) Archives of General Psychiatry journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5007772 Mon, 04 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5007772 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4997415&cid=s_27087_172_f&fid=27087&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchpsyc.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F7%2F753%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions  Familial factors contribute to BPD and its sectors of psychopathology. Borderline personality disorder may arise from a unitary liability that finds expression in its sectors of psychopathology. (Source: Archives of General Psychiatry) Archives of General Psychiatry journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4997415 Sun, 03 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4997415 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4997414&cid=s_27087_172_f&fid=27087&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchpsyc.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F7%2F742%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion  In preterm infants, 2 distinct types of perinatal brain injury detectable with neonatal head ultrasound selectively increase risk in adolescence for psychiatric disorders in which dysfunction of subcortical-cortical circuits has been implicated. (Source: Archives of General Psychiatry) Archives of General Psychiatry journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4997414 Sun, 03 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4997414 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4997413&cid=s_27087_172_f&fid=27087&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchpsyc.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F7%2F732%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion  The results support previous reports of greater striatal and temporal lobe activity in patients with OCD than in healthy controls and suggest that these disturbances include a serotonergic component. Previously reported glucose metabolic disturbances in OCD involving the orbitofrontal and cingulate cortices, in comparison, might reflect postsynaptic changes in the serotonergic system. (Source: Archives of General Psychiatry) Archives of General Psychiatry journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4997413 Sun, 03 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4997413 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4997412&cid=s_27087_172_f&fid=27087&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchpsyc.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F7%2F724%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions  Individuals with eating disorders have significantly elevated mortality rates, with the highest rates occurring in those with AN. The mortality rates for BN and EDNOS are similar. The study found age at assessment to be a significant predictor of mortality for patients with AN. Further research is needed to identify predictors of mortality in patients with BN and EDNOS. (Source: Archives of General Psychiatry) Archives of General Psychiatry journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4997412 Sun, 03 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4997412 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4997411&cid=s_27087_172_f&fid=27087&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchpsyc.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F7%2F714%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions  Eating disorders and subthreshold eating conditions are prevalent in the general adolescent population. Their impact is demonstrated by generally strong associations with other psychiatric disorders, role impairment, and suicidality. The unmet treatment needs in the adolescent population place these disorders as important public health concerns. (Source: Archives of General Psychiatry) Archives of General Psychiatry journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4997411 Sun, 03 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4997411 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4997410&cid=s_27087_172_f&fid=27087&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchpsyc.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F7%2F701%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion  The DLPFC region might play an important role in psychological recovery from a severely traumatic event in humans. (Source: Archives of General Psychiatry) Archives of General Psychiatry journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4997410 Sun, 03 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4997410 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4997409&cid=s_27087_172_f&fid=27087&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchpsyc.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F7%2F692%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions  Cognitive therapy and IPT led to considerable improvements that were maintained 1 year after treatment; CT was more efficacious than was IPT in reducing social phobia symptoms. (Source: Archives of General Psychiatry) Archives of General Psychiatry journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4997409 Sun, 03 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4997409 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4997408&cid=s_27087_172_f&fid=27087&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchpsyc.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F7%2F675%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions  The meta-analyses revealed structural brain abnormalities in MDD that are distinct from those observed in BD. These findings may aid investigators attempting to discriminate mood disorders using structural magnetic resonance imaging data. (Source: Archives of General Psychiatry) Archives of General Psychiatry journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4997408 Sun, 03 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4997408 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4997407&cid=s_27087_172_f&fid=27087&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchpsyc.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F7%2F665%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion  Our results provide converging lines of evidence implicating reduced KMO activity in the etiopathophysiology of schizophrenia and related neurocognitive deficits. (Source: Archives of General Psychiatry) Archives of General Psychiatry journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4997407 Sun, 03 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4997407 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4997406&cid=s_27087_172_f&fid=27087&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchpsyc.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F7%2F654%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions  Working memory deficits in schizophrenia have increasingly been attributed to impairments in stimulus encoding rather than to failures in memory retention. This study provides objective physiological support for encoding hypotheses. Further, deficits in sensory processing contribute significantly to impaired working memory performance, consistent with generalized neurochemical models of schizophrenia. (Source: Archives of General Psychiatry) Archives of General Psychiatry journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4997406 Sun, 03 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4997406 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4997405&cid=s_27087_172_f&fid=27087&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchpsyc.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F7%2F653%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Archives of General Psychiatry) Archives of General Psychiatry journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4997405 Sun, 03 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4997405 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4997404&cid=s_27087_172_f&fid=27087&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchpsyc.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F7%2F652%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Archives of General Psychiatry) Archives of General Psychiatry journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4997404 Sun, 03 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4997404 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4997403&cid=s_27087_172_f&fid=27087&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchpsyc.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F7%2F651%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Archives of General Psychiatry) Archives of General Psychiatry journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4997403 Sun, 03 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4997403 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4997401&cid=s_27087_172_f&fid=27087&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchpsyc.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2Farchgenpsychiatry.2011.73v1%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion  Although the number of children exposed prenatally to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors in this population was low, results suggest that exposure, especially during the first trimester, may modestly increase the risk of ASD. The potential risk associated with exposure must be balanced with the risk to the mother or fetus of untreated mental health disorders. Further studies are needed to replicate and extend these findings. (Source: Archives of General Psychiatry) Archives of General Psychiatry journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4997401 Sun, 03 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4997401 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4997400&cid=s_27087_172_f&fid=27087&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchpsyc.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2Farchgenpsychiatry.2011.76v1%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion  Susceptibility to ASD has moderate genetic heritability and a substantial shared twin environmental component. (Source: Archives of General Psychiatry) Archives of General Psychiatry journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4997400 Sun, 03 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4997400 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4997399&cid=s_27087_172_f&fid=27087&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchpsyc.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2Farchgenpsychiatry.2011.78v1%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion  In this sample, high rates of addictive disorders persisted over 10 years among first offenders and greatly exceeded those found in a general population sample. (Source: Archives of General Psychiatry) Archives of General Psychiatry journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4997399 Sun, 03 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4997399 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4997402&cid=s_27087_172_f&fid=27087&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchpsyc.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2Farchgenpsychiatry.2011.61v2%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions  These findings suggest that a greater GM volume in the mesolimbic reward system may be associated with violent behavior and that reduced GM volumes in the prefrontal cortex, orbitofrontal cortex, and premotor area characterize men with SUDs. (Source: Archives of General Psychiatry) Archives of General Psychiatry journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4997402 Wed, 15 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4997402 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4902109&cid=s_27087_172_f&fid=27087&url=http%3A%2F%2Farchpsyc.ama-assn.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F6%2F637%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions  Obsessive-compulsive disorder is unlikely to be an etiologically homogeneous condition. There is substantial etiologic overlap across the different OC symptom dimensions, but dimension-specific genetic, and particularly nonshared environmental, factors are at least as important. Hoarding shares the least amount of genetic liability with the remaining symptom dimensions. The results have implications for the current deliberations regarding OCD and the inclusion of a putative hoarding disorder in DSM-5. (Source: Archives of General Psychiatry) Archives of General Psychiatry journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4902109 Sun, 05 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4902109