MedWorm.com provides a medical RSS filtering service. Over 6000 RSS medical sources are combined and output via different filters. This feed contains the latest items from the 'Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition' source. Sun, 21 Mar 2010 15:39:36 +0100 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3332194&cid=s_37559_28_f&fid=37559&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20199981%26dopt%3DAbstract This study extends nutritional intervention results reported by short-term clinical trials of a diabetes-specific nutritional meal replacement by assessing the ten-year impact of the interventions on patient outcomes and costs compared to usual care. We developed and validated a computer simulation of type 2 diabetes based on published data from major clinical trials. The model tracks patients through microvascular and macrovascular health states and reports cumulative costs and quality adjusted life years. We modeled different scenarios that include a diabetes-specific nutritional meal replacement as part of a structured lifestyle intervention, and also as the only difference between the intervention and usual care treatment groups, and compared them to usual care with diet and physical a... Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3332194 Fri, 05 Mar 2010 11:10:04 +0100 3332194 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3332193&cid=s_37559_28_f&fid=37559&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20199982%26dopt%3DAbstract This study examined the composition of weight gain in severely undernourished children who underwent nutrition rehabilitation in a hospital from India. Body composition of 80 severely malnourished children (age 6-60 months) was assessed using skin-fold thickness measurements on admission and after 1 month of supplementary feeding. On admission, children had severe weight and height deficits and were severely wasted. The mean weight for age z score, height for age z score and weight for height z score (WHZ) were -5.0, -4.2 and -4.1 respectively. Children consumed a mixed diet and mean energy intake was 177 kcal/kg/day with a protein energy ratio of 13. Overall, the mean weight gain was 6.1 g/kg/day and fat mass contributed to about 40% of the weight gain. When the composition of weight gain... Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3332193 Fri, 05 Mar 2010 11:10:04 +0100 3332193 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3332192&cid=s_37559_28_f&fid=37559&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20199983%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusion: Reliable NWC and UAC measurements may be obtained by applying a correction term to account for light clothing. Both measurements are applicable methodologies for the collection of data in populations with cultural limitations. PMID: 20199983 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition) Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3332192 Fri, 05 Mar 2010 11:10:04 +0100 3332192 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3332191&cid=s_37559_28_f&fid=37559&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20199984%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusions: The results were indicative of a traditional pattern which is dominated in the Tehran region and associated with increase in obesity indices. PMID: 20199984 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition) Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3332191 Fri, 05 Mar 2010 11:10:04 +0100 3332191 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3332190&cid=s_37559_28_f&fid=37559&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20199985%26dopt%3DAbstract This study was conducted to clarify the effect of ingesting soy isoflavone extracts (not soy protein or foods containing isoflavones) on bone mineral density (BMD) in menopausal women. PubMed, CENTRAL, ICHUSHI, CNKI, Wanfang Data, CQVIP, and NSTL were searched for randomized controlled trials published in English, Japanese, or Chinese reporting the effects of soy isoflavone extracts on lumbar spine or hip BMD in menopausal women. Trials were identified and reviewed for inclusion and exclusion eligibility. Data on study design, participants, interventions, and outcomes were extracted. Eleven, seven, five, and five trials were finally selected for estimation of the effects on spine, femoral neck, hip total, and trochanter BMD, respectively. Meta-analysis including data from1240 menopausal wo... Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3332190 Fri, 05 Mar 2010 11:10:04 +0100 3332190 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3332189&cid=s_37559_28_f&fid=37559&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20199986%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusion: Mean 25OHD in Fijian women was generally adequate and exceed concentrations reported in Pacific females living in New Zealand. PMID: 20199986 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition) Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3332189 Fri, 05 Mar 2010 11:10:04 +0100 3332189 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3332188&cid=s_37559_28_f&fid=37559&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20199987%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Kuwabara A, Himeno M, Tsugawa N, Kamao M, Fujii M, Kawai N, Fukuda M, Ogawa Y, Kido S, Okano T, Tanaka K There have been methodological problems for studying hypovitaminosis D and K in the elderly. First, studies were done either by evaluating food intake or measuring their circulating levels, but rarely by both in Japan. In this paper, vitamin D and K intakes and their circulating levels were simultaneously determined. Second issue is whether hypovitaminosis D and K are independent of general malnutrition, prevalent in the elderly. We tried to statistically discriminate them by principal component analysis (PCA). Fifty institutionalized elderly were evaluated for their circulating 25 hydroxy-vitamin D (25OH-D), intact parathyroid hormone (PTH), phylloquinone (PK), menaquinone... Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3332188 Fri, 05 Mar 2010 11:10:04 +0100 3332188 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3332187&cid=s_37559_28_f&fid=37559&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20199988%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Rutherford JN, McDade TW, Feranil AB, Adair LS, Kuzawa CW Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a leading cause of death in the Philippines, although few studies here have examined the lipid profiles underlying disease risk. The isolated low high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) phenotype has been implicated as a CVD risk factor, the prevalence of which exhibits significant variation across populations. To assess population variation in individual lipid components and their associations with diet and anthropometric characteristics, we compare lipid profiles in a population of adult Filipino women (n=1877) to US women participating in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES, n=477). We conducted multiple regression models to assess the relationship between... Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3332187 Fri, 05 Mar 2010 11:10:04 +0100 3332187 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3332186&cid=s_37559_28_f&fid=37559&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20199989%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Serrano C, Laporte R, Ide M, Nouhou Y, de Truchis P, Rouveix E, Adamou A, Pauly V, Mattei JF, Gastaut JA In developing countries, access to antiretroviral treatment for persons living with HIV is still in progress. Malnutrition represents another cause of acquired immunodeficiency and premature death. This evaluation program estimated the impact of family nutritional support during the first year of antiretroviral treatment in West Africa's sub-Sahara region. Family nutritional support was proposed to patients with CD-4 cell count <200 /mm3 and/or developing a WHO stage III/IV or with body mass index <18.5 kg/m2 and receiving antiretroviral treatment. Follow-up of 62 patients receiving support was compared to 118 patients who had only received antiretroviral treatment th... Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3332186 Fri, 05 Mar 2010 11:10:04 +0100 3332186 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3332185&cid=s_37559_28_f&fid=37559&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20199990%26dopt%3DAbstract This study explored the association between dietary habits and overweight and obesity in adolescents from Xi'an City, China. A cross-sectional sample of 1804 adolescents was recruited in 2004 from 30 junior high schools in six districts of Xi'an City, northwest China. Weight and height was measured and eating habits assessed using a self-administered questionnaire. Logistic regression was used to identify dietary patterns associated with overweight and obesity and adjusted for socio-demographic factors. Consumption of foods and beverages outside three main meals, and potato chips was more popular in boys than in girls, while girls consumed more fried food and soft drinks than boys. In boys, an increased consumption of soft drinks was associated with increased risk of overweight and obesity... Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3332185 Fri, 05 Mar 2010 11:10:04 +0100 3332185 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3332184&cid=s_37559_28_f&fid=37559&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20199991%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Knechtle B, Senn O, Imoberdorf R, Joleska I, Wirth A, Knechtle P, Rosemann T We investigated in 11 female ultra-runners during a 100 km ultra-run, the association between fluid intake and prevalence of exercise-associated hyponatremia in a cross-sectional study. Athletes drank ad libitum and recorded their fluid intake. They competed at 8.0 (1.0) km/h and finished within 762 (91) min. Fluid intake was 4.1 (1.3) L during the race, equal to 0.3 (0.1) L/h. Body mass decreased by 1.5 kg (p< 0.01); pre race body mass was related to speed in the race (r = -0.78, p< 0.05); and change (Delta) in body mass was not associated with speed in the race. Change in body mass was positively (r = 0.70; p< 0.05), and Delta urinary specific gravity negatively (r = -0.67; p< 0.05), cor... Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3332184 Fri, 05 Mar 2010 11:10:04 +0100 3332184 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3332183&cid=s_37559_28_f&fid=37559&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20199992%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Knechtle B, Baumann B, Wirth A, Knechtle P, Rosemann T We investigated whether male triathletes in an Ironman triathlon lose body mass in the form of fat mass or skeletal muscle mass in a field study at the Ironman Switzerland in 27 male Caucasian non-professional Ironman triathletes. Pre- and post-race body mass, fat mass and skeletal muscle mass were determined. In addition, total body water, hematological and urinary parameters were measured in order to quantify hydration status. Body mass decreased by 1.8 kg (p< 0.05), skeletal muscle decreased by 1.0 kg (p< 0.05) whereas fat mass showed no changes. Urinary specific gravity, plasma urea and plasma volume increased (p< 0.05). Pre- to post-race change (Delta) in body mass was not associated with ? skeletal muscle ma... Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3332183 Fri, 05 Mar 2010 11:10:04 +0100 3332183 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3332182&cid=s_37559_28_f&fid=37559&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20199993%26dopt%3DAbstract This study was performed to investigate the prevalence of the metabolic syndrome using a large representative sample in Beijing. Data from a total of 16442 adults (6489 men and 9953 women) aged ?18 years from a survey of behavioral risk factors for chronic diseases in Beijing, in 2005, was analyzed. The prevalence of the metabolic syndrome increased with age and the age-standardized prevalence of the metabolic syndrome defined by International Diabetes Federation IDF and National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III ATPIII criteria were 23.2% (24.5% in men and 22.7% in women) and 16.2% (16.1% in men and 16.6% in women), respectively. The metabolic syndrome was higher in semi-urban areas and associated with higher rates of hypertension, central obesity, salt intake and sm... Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3332182 Fri, 05 Mar 2010 11:10:04 +0100 3332182 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3332181&cid=s_37559_28_f&fid=37559&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20199994%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, an inverse association was evident between dietary folate intake and the prevalence of breathlessness for Japanese adults, together with a significant dose-response relationship for the COPD risk. Moreover, increased folate intake might be beneficial to lung function. PMID: 20199994 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition) Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3332181 Fri, 05 Mar 2010 11:10:04 +0100 3332181 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3332180&cid=s_37559_28_f&fid=37559&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20199995%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Kendall CW, Esfahani A, Truan J, Srichaikul K, Jenkins DJ The effects of tree nuts on risk factors for coronary heart disease (CHD), in particular blood lipids, have been investigated in a number of studies and the beneficial effects are now recognized. The beneficial effects of nuts on CHD in cohort studies have also been clearly demonstrated. However, while there is also reason to believe the unique micro- and macronutrient profiles of nuts may help to control blood glucose levels, relatively few studies have investigated their role in diabetes control and prevention. Nuts are low in available carbohydrate, have a healthy fatty acid profile, and are high in vegetable protein, fiber and magnesium. Acute feeding studies indicate that when eaten alone nuts have minimal effects ... Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3332180 Fri, 05 Mar 2010 11:10:04 +0100 3332180 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3332179&cid=s_37559_28_f&fid=37559&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20199996%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Bolling BW, McKay DL, Blumberg JB In addition to being a rich source of several essential vitamins and minerals, mono- and polyunsaturated fatty acids, and fiber, most tree nuts provide an array of phytochemicals that may contribute to the health benefits attributed to this whole food. Although many of these constituents remain to be fully identified and characterized, broad classes include the carotenoids, hydrolyzable tannins, lignans, naphthoquinones, phenolic acids, phytosterols, polyphenols, and tocopherols. These phytochemicals have been shown to possess a range of bioactivity, including antioxidant, antiproliferative, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, and hypocholesterolemic properties. This review summarizes the current knowledge of the carotenoid, phenolic, and tocopherol... Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3332179 Fri, 05 Mar 2010 11:10:04 +0100 3332179 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3332178&cid=s_37559_28_f&fid=37559&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20199997%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Casas-Agustench P, Bullo M, Salas-Salvado J The beneficial effects of nut consumption on cardiovascular disease (CVD) have been widely documented. These protective effects are mainly attributed to the role of nuts in the metabolism of lipids and lipoproteins. As chronic inflammation is a key early stage in the atherosclerotic process that predicts future CVD events and is closely related to the pathogenesis of insulin resistance, many recent studies have focused on the potential effect of nut consumption on inflammation and insulin resistance. Through different mechanisms, some components of nuts such as magnesium, fiber, alpha-linolenic acid, L-arginine, antioxidants and MUFA may protect against inflammation and insulin resistance. This review evaluates the epidemiologic and ... Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3332178 Fri, 05 Mar 2010 11:10:04 +0100 3332178 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3332177&cid=s_37559_28_f&fid=37559&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20199998%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Sabate J, Wien M The aim of this paper is to evaluate nut-related epidemiological and human feeding study findings and to discuss the important nutritional attributes of nuts and their link to cardiovascular health. Frequent nut consumption has been found to be protective against coronary heart disease in five large epidemiological studies across two continents. A qualitative summary of the data from four of these studies found an 8.3% reduction in risk of death from coronary heart disease for each weekly serving of nuts. Over 40 dietary intervention studies have been conducted evaluating the effect of nut containing diets on blood lipids. These studies have demonstrated that intake of different kinds of nuts lower total and LDL cholesterol and the LDL: HDL ratio in healthy su... Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3332177 Fri, 05 Mar 2010 11:10:04 +0100 3332177 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3332176&cid=s_37559_28_f&fid=37559&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20199999%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Mattes RD, Dreher ML Nuts are rich sources of multiple nutrients and phytochemicals associated with health benefits, including reduced cardiovascular disease risk. This has prompted recommendations to increase their consumption. However, they are also high in fat and are energy dense. The associations between these properties, positive energy balance and body weight raise questions about such recommendations. Numerous epidemiological and clinical studies show that nuts are not associated with weight gain. Mechanistic studies indicate this is largely attributable to the high satiety and low metabolizable energy (poor bioaccessibility leading to inefficient energy absorption) properties of nuts. Compensatory dietary responses account for 55-75% of the energy provided by nuts. Li... Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3332176 Fri, 05 Mar 2010 11:10:04 +0100 3332176 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3332175&cid=s_37559_28_f&fid=37559&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20200000%26dopt%3DAbstract This study determined the association of tree nut consumption and nutrient intake and diet quality using a nationally representative sample of adults. Adults 19+ years (y) (n=13,292) participating in the 1999-2004 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were used. Intake was determined from 24-hour diet recalls; tree nut consumers were defined as those consuming >=(1/4) ounce/day (7.09 g). Means, standard errors, and ANOVA (adjusted for covariates) were determined using appropriate sample weights. Diet quality was measured using the Healthy Eating Index-2005. Among consumers, mean intake of tree nuts/tree nut butters was 1.19 +/- 0.04 oz/d versus 0.01 +/- 0.00 oz/d for non-consumers. In this study, 5.5 +/- 0.3 % of individuals 19-50 y (n=7,049) and 8.4 +/- 0.6 % of individuals ... Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3332175 Fri, 05 Mar 2010 11:10:04 +0100 3332175 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3071719&cid=s_37559_28_f&fid=37559&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19965334%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Wahlqvist ML, Kuo KN There are growing concerns about the health impacts of climate change with ecosystem degradation and global warming, finite reserves of non-renewable energy, water shortages in food-producing regions, limits to contemporary agriculture with its dependence on exhaustible petrochemical nitrogen and rock phosphate fertilizers, and failure of the global financial system. To date, health security has meant attention to safe environments especially water, sanitation and waste disposal; and access to health care and its affordability. Its dependency on food security (safety, sufficiency, sustainability, and satisfactoriness which requires diversity and quality) has been under-estimated because the current and imminent risks have increased and extended to more pop... Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3071719 Wed, 09 Dec 2009 18:04:03 +0100 3071719 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3071718&cid=s_37559_28_f&fid=37559&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19965335%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Wahlqvist ML Health is intrinsic to human security (HumS) although it is somewhat anthropocentric and about our own psy-chosocial and biomedical status more than various external threats. The 1994 United Nations Development Program definition of HumS includes economic, food, environmental, personal, community and political security with freedom from fear and want. Environmental factors are critical for health security (HealS), especially with widespread socio-economic difficulty, and health systems less affordable or accessible. The nexus between nutritionally-related disorders and infectious disease is the most pervasive world health problem. Most if not all of the Millennium Development Goals are food-linked. Maternal nutrition has life-long health effects on the yet-to-be b... Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3071718 Wed, 09 Dec 2009 18:04:03 +0100 3071718 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3071717&cid=s_37559_28_f&fid=37559&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19965336%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Moon HK Food and health security in North East Asia including South Korea, North Korea, China and Japan was compared. Because this region contains countries with many complex problems, it is worthwhile to study the current situation. With about 24% of the world's population, all North East Asian countries supply between 2400 and 3000 Kcal of energy. Regarding health status, two extreme problems exist. One is malnutrition in North Korea and China and the other is chronic degenerative disease in Japan, South Korea and China. Because quality, quantity and safety of the food supply have to be secured for health security, some topics are selected and discussed. 1) World food price can have an effect on food security for countries with a low food self sufficiency rate such as Japan ... Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3071717 Wed, 09 Dec 2009 18:04:03 +0100 3071717 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3071716&cid=s_37559_28_f&fid=37559&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19965337%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Tuyen le D With a global economic crisis, undernourished peoples in South East Asia, as elsewhere, face even greater food insecurity. Future challenges to food availability include increasing food prices, increasing population size and climate change. National policies are required which emphasise improved intersectoral coordination, enhanced government credibility and accountability, as well as a shift in food aid to investment in agriculture and the empowerment of independent institutions. PMID: 19965337 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition) Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3071716 Wed, 09 Dec 2009 18:04:03 +0100 3071716 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3071715&cid=s_37559_28_f&fid=37559&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19965338%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Wang YW The food security issue was addressed by the development of "modern agriculture" in the last century. But food safety issues and environment degradation were the consequences suffered as a result. Climate change has been recognized as the result of release of stored energy in fossil fuel into the atmosphere. Homogeneous crop varieties, machinery, pesticides and fertilizers are the foundation of uniform commodities in modern agriculture. Fossil fuels are used to manufacture fertilizers and pesticides as well as the energy source for agricultural machinery, thus characterizes modern agriculture. Bio-fuel production and the possibility of the agriculture system as a form of energy input are discussed. PMID: 19965338 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Asia Pacific Journal ... Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3071715 Wed, 09 Dec 2009 18:04:03 +0100 3071715 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3071714&cid=s_37559_28_f&fid=37559&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19965339%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Wahlquist AK Water is vital to food production: every calorie of plant food requires at least one litre of water, while one calorie of meat or dairy product can require up to 10 litres of water. Water is supplied either through rainfall or through irrigation. Irrigated agriculture uses 18 per cent of agricultural land, and produces 40 per cent of agricultural products. But urbanisation, agricultural land degradation, the mandating of biofuels, drought and climate change are reducing the amount of water available to agriculture. The green revolution of last century doubled cereal production with only a very small increase in land. This century we need a blue revolution, a dramatic increase in the amount of food produced from irrigation or blue water. The blue revolution must be... Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3071714 Wed, 09 Dec 2009 18:04:03 +0100 3071714 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3071713&cid=s_37559_28_f&fid=37559&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19965340%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Weinberger KM, Easdown WJ, Yang RY, Keatinge JD The Asia-Pacific region was on track to achieve the Millennium Development Goal of halving the prevalence of extreme poverty by 2015, but recent dramatic rises in the price of rice and other staples have pushed millions of people back into hunger and poverty. This indicates that the region's food supply system is more fragile and imbalanced than what was previously believed. Proximate causes of the rise in staple prices can be found in market forces such as export restrictions and rising energy prices but the ultimate causes are policies that have led to under-investment in agricultural research and emergency mitigation. Large numbers of people in the Asia-Pacific were already undernourished prior to the recent price rises, relyi... Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3071713 Wed, 09 Dec 2009 18:04:03 +0100 3071713 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3071712&cid=s_37559_28_f&fid=37559&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19965341%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Zhu YG Soil is a basic natural resource for food production, the vast majority of food we consume is either directly or indirectly derived from soil. Soil quality determines the quantity (calories) and quality (nutritional value and safety) of the foods grown. Protecting the soil's physical, chemical and biological integrity is therefore of vital importance in safeguarding global food security. Soil science, as a discipline, will contribute to new knowledge related to soil quality and its sustainable management. However, soil scientists are not alone in securing the global food production system, instead they shall work with environmental engineers, agronomists, nutritionists, animal scientists and social scientists in developing integrative approaches to soil conservation, ma... Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3071712 Wed, 09 Dec 2009 18:04:03 +0100 3071712 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3071711&cid=s_37559_28_f&fid=37559&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19965342%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Huang CT, Fu TY, Chang SS Food security is an important issue that is of concern for all countries around the world. There are many factors which may cause food insecurity including increasing demand, shortage of supply, trade condition, another countries' food policy, lack of money, high food- and oil prices, decelerating productivity, speculation, etc. The food self-sufficiency ratio of Taiwan is only 30.6% weighted by energy in 2007. Total agriculture imports and cereals have increased significantly due to the expansion of livestock and fishery industries and improve living standard. The agriculture sector of Taiwan is facing many challenges, such as: low level of food self-sufficiency, aging farmers, large acreage of set-aside farmlands, small scale farming, soaring price ... Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3071711 Wed, 09 Dec 2009 18:04:03 +0100 3071711 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3071710&cid=s_37559_28_f&fid=37559&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19965343%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Shao KT Marine fish is one of the most important sources of animal protein for human use, especially in developing countries with coastlines. Marine fishery is also an important industry in many countries. Fifty years ago, many people believed that the ocean was so vast and so resilient that there was no way the marine environment could be changed, nor could marine fishery resources be depleted. Half a century later, we all agree that the depletion of fishery resources is happening mainly due to anthropogenic factors such as overfishing, habitat destruction, pollution, invasive species introduction, and climate change. Since overfishing can cause chain reactions that decrease marine biodiversity drastically, there will be no seafood left after 40 years if we take no action. Th... Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3071710 Wed, 09 Dec 2009 18:04:03 +0100 3071710 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3071708&cid=s_37559_28_f&fid=37559&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19965344%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Watanabe S, Melby M, Aiba N Distrust of food safety has grown among the Japanese people after the occurrence of bovine spongiform encephalitis (BSE) in 2001. The Food Safety Commission was formed under the Cabinet Office and made a network among the ministries. The newly-established Consumer Agency may strengthen the quick response to emergencies. Shoku-iku (food and dietary education) Law is being implemented by the Cabinet Office with cooperation from relevant ministries and NGOs. Food Sanitation Law and Health Promotion Law are briefly explained, and the necessity of functional nutriology for non-nutrient biologically active substances is described. With regard to public health nutrition, a new food label showing energy balance and antioxidant unit (AOU) as a surrogate mark... Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3071708 Wed, 09 Dec 2009 18:04:03 +0100 3071708 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3071701&cid=s_37559_28_f&fid=37559&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19965345%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Lin AY, Huang ST, Wahlqvist ML Economic growth inevitably influences the food chain. Growing demand with changes in lifestyle and health consciousness encourage use of packaged and pre-prepared foods. The needs of environmental protection from waste generated are largely overlooked, and a lack of knowledge about the impact on the environment and its health effects constitute food security/safety problems. Food production and waste generation directly affect resource (i.e., energy and water) consumption and often contaminate the environment. More pressure on food production has inculcated the use of pesticides, herbicides, antibiotics and chemical fertilizers which add to current global pollution. At least half of food grown is discarded before and after it reaches consumers. I... Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3071701 Wed, 09 Dec 2009 18:04:03 +0100 3071701 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3071699&cid=s_37559_28_f&fid=37559&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19965346%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Yau NjN In addition to product trade, technology trade has become one of the alternatives for globalization action around the world. Although not all technologies employed on the technology trade platform are innovative technologies, the data base of international technology trade still is a good indicator for observing innovative technologies around world. The technology trade data base from Sinew Consulting Group (SCG) Ltd. was employed as an example to lead the discussion on security or safety issues that may be caused by these innovative technologies. More technologies related to processing, functional ingredients and quality control technology of food were found in the data base of international technology trade platform. The review was conducted by categorizing technolog... Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3071699 Wed, 09 Dec 2009 18:04:03 +0100 3071699 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3071693&cid=s_37559_28_f&fid=37559&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19965347%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Chen BJ, Ho CP, Huang NY This paper discussed the threats from farm animals to food and human security. In response to these threats, a radical reform plan was adapted by several countries and the plan includes restructure of the organization of governing agencies, implementation of a traceability system from the farm sector to end users, application of hazard control measures, as well as tightening the food import control system. PMID: 19965347 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition) Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3071693 Wed, 09 Dec 2009 18:04:03 +0100 3071693 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3071687&cid=s_37559_28_f&fid=37559&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19965348%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Li D, Hu X Fish (finfish or shellfish) has been classified as healthy by health professionals despite containing contaminants, since fish is high in long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids which have multiple beneficial health effects such as decreased risk of stroke via anti-thrombotic and vasodilative effects, increased heart rate variability, reducing serum triacylglycerol and blood pressure, anti-inflammatory activities, improving visual function, improving attention-deficit conditions/ hyperactivity disorder, schizophrenic and dementia; and may be effective in managing depression in adults. All these beneficial effects are thought to be mediated through altering cell membrane composition, fluidity, receptors and membrane-bound enzymes, gene expression and eicosanoid pr... Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3071687 Wed, 09 Dec 2009 18:04:03 +0100 3071687 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3071684&cid=s_37559_28_f&fid=37559&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19965349%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Liao IC, Chao NH Fish farming, now well known as aquaculture, has been well recognized since the ancient era. The first written document on fish culture was published in China in 475 BC, and the first koi pond was constructed at the Japanese Imperial Palace grounds during 71-130 AD. In recent years, aquaculture has progressively played an important role in the provision of: animal protein and gourmet cuisines, job opportunities, and foreign currency for developing countries. Asian countries produce around 91 percent of the world's total aquaculture production. Among the top ten aquaculture-producing countries, nine are from Asia. The current global population consist of more than 6.5 billion individuals; over one billion of which face hunger problem. In the highly populated As... Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3071684 Wed, 09 Dec 2009 18:04:03 +0100 3071684 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3071678&cid=s_37559_28_f&fid=37559&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19965350%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Krawinkel MB Challenges for food and health security encompass food production and distribution, smallholder income generation, access to health care, harmful child care practices and epidemics (e.g. HIV), and tackling of the coexistence of undernutrition and caloric over-nutrition. The recently re-defined primary health care approach addresses the whole field of nutrition and health security. In general, Asia has more experience with technologies in various fields than Africa. But Africa has more experience in humanitarian approaches to emerging food and health crises. Objectives of the Asian-African collaboration need to be differentiated into one area where the public sector is developing and strengthened, and another area where the private sector can promote food and healt... Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3071678 Wed, 09 Dec 2009 18:04:03 +0100 3071678 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3071677&cid=s_37559_28_f&fid=37559&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19965351%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Butler CD This is the first of two articles on the steepening challenges which confront global agriculture, food security and hence nutrition and population health. The recent deterioration in global food security has caught most experts by surprise. While the Asia Pacific region as a whole has so far fared reasonably well, there should be no complacency about medium to long term food security in the region, whether or not food security improves in the near future. The first paper places this debate in the context of the long-standing arguments between Malthusianists and optimists. The apparent reversal of position in the last decade of two leading agricultural experts is discussed. Their recent writings reflect intensified Malthusian concerns curbed in their writings from the... Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3071677 Wed, 09 Dec 2009 18:04:03 +0100 3071677 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3071664&cid=s_37559_28_f&fid=37559&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19965352%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Lee MS, Huang LY, Chen MC, Wahlqvist ML To establish a food guide, the "total diet" needs to be considered, based on prevailing patterns of food and nutrient intake; these will be culturally acceptable and recognize the prevailing social and economic conditions that affect food availability. Dairy produce is a good source of high quality protein, and provides significant amounts of vitamins and minerals. People who consume more dairy have higher intakes of calcium and vitamin B2 with less chance of deficiency. We used four National Nutrition Surveys in Taiwan (NAHSITs) to establish the current demographic predictors of dairy intakes, an indicator of food security in an affluent society. There was a U shape relationship between dairy consumption practices (whether or not) and a... Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3071664 Wed, 09 Dec 2009 18:04:03 +0100 3071664 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3071663&cid=s_37559_28_f&fid=37559&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19965353%26dopt%3DAbstract This article concludes that a sustainable improvement in food security requires a radical transformation in society's approach to the environment, population growth, agricultural research and the distribution of rights, opportunities and entitlements. PMID: 19965353 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition) Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3071663 Wed, 09 Dec 2009 18:04:03 +0100 3071663 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3071662&cid=s_37559_28_f&fid=37559&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19965354%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Lo YT, Chang YH, Lee MS, Wahlqvist ML The WHO asserts that the global food price crisis threatens public health and jeopardizes the health of the most disadvantaged groups such as women, children, the elderly and low-income families. Economic factors play a crucial role and could affect personal nutrition status and health. Economic decision factors such as food price and income do influence people's food choices. Moreover, food costs are a barrier for low income-families to healthier food choices. Several studies indicate that diet costs are associated with dietary quality and also food safety. Food prices have surged over the past couple of years (2007-9) and raised serious concerns about food security around the world. Rising food prices are having severe impacts on populat... Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3071662 Wed, 09 Dec 2009 18:04:03 +0100 3071662 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3071661&cid=s_37559_28_f&fid=37559&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19965355%26dopt%3DAbstract This study investigated the association between food insecurity and Taiwanese children's ambulatory medical care use for treating eighteen disease types linked to endocrine and metabolic disorders, nutrition, immunity, infections, asthma, mental health, injury, and poisoning. We used longitudinal data in the Taiwan National Health Insurance scheme (NHI) for 764,526 elementary children, and employed approximate NHI data to construct three indicators imputed to food insecurity: low birth weight status, economic status (poverty versus non-poverty), and time of year (summer break time versus semester time). We compared ambulatory care for these diseases between children with low birth weight and those not, and between children living in poverty and those not. A difference-in-differences method... Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3071661 Wed, 09 Dec 2009 18:04:03 +0100 3071661 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3071660&cid=s_37559_28_f&fid=37559&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19965356%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Friel S, Baker PI What, and how much, people eat is a response to their socio-political, socio-economic, socio-environmental and socio-cultural environments. Good nutrition is central to good health. Globally, health has improved for many but not for everyone equally. That food and nutrition-related health is unequally distributed is a marker of societal failure. For some individuals, communities and even nations, it is a matter of not having enough food, of being unable to afford food and there being little nutritious food readily available. For others there is an over abundance of food but its nutritional quality is compromised, access to healthy food is poor and cost of food is high relative to other commodities. Human development and poverty reduction in the Asia Pacific r... Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3071660 Wed, 09 Dec 2009 18:04:03 +0100 3071660 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3071659&cid=s_37559_28_f&fid=37559&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19965357%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Yang RY, Hanson PM Food security requires that all people can access sufficient food for a healthy life. Enough food is produced to feed the global population, but more than 1.02 billion people are malnourished. Malnutrition and chronic food insecurity are widespread in some countries of the Asia-Pacific region; as much as 20 to 60 percent of the region's population lacks sufficient food to meet their minimum energy requirement. Food security greatly depends on food availability, although this alone is not sufficient to secure satisfactory nutritional status. Food security at the national level requires an effective framework of food, health, and economic systems coupled with awareness and consideration of environmental conditions. To improve food availability and security in ... Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3071659 Wed, 09 Dec 2009 18:04:03 +0100 3071659 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3071658&cid=s_37559_28_f&fid=37559&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19965358%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Chen SC, Hsu GS, Chiu CP Food security plays a central role in governing agricultural policies in Taiwan. In addition to overuse or the illegal use of pesticide, meat leanness promoters, animal drugs and melamine in the food supply; as well as foodborne illness draws the greatest public concern due to incidents that occur every year in Taiwan. The present report demonstrates the implementation of a food safety control system in Taiwan. In order to control foodborne outbreaks effectively, the central government of the Department of Health of Taiwan launched the food safety control system which includes both the good hygienic practice (GHP) and the HACCP plan, in the last decade. From 1998 to the present, 302 food affiliations that implemented the system have been validated and ... Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3071658 Wed, 09 Dec 2009 18:04:03 +0100 3071658 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3071657&cid=s_37559_28_f&fid=37559&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19965359%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Pan WH, Hsieh YT, Wahlqvist ML People rely on foods to provide energy and nutrients to sustain life and to ensure health. In the entire chain from acquiring foods to ingesting them, women contribute in unique ways to the food system. Although foods or nutrients requirements for both sexes are biologically similar in many aspects, women go through more complex life-cycles than men and may experience greater risk of nutrient deprivation due to their role to bear and to rear off-spring. Therefore, women and their offspring are particularly vulnerable to food scarcity and to poor dietary quality. On the other hand, the female genome, partly through sex hormones delays the development of many chronic diseases which result from the modern affluent lifestyle. The inherent biological ... Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3071657 Wed, 09 Dec 2009 18:04:03 +0100 3071657 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3071656&cid=s_37559_28_f&fid=37559&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19965360%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Chiu TH, Lin CL While improvement in agricultural technology had enabled the production of abundant food, it has thus far failed to eliminate hunger. Malnutrition is expected to reach an all time high. Evidences have suggested that animal based diet has put immense pressure on the already fragile food system, contributing to problems in terms of global food security, health security, and environmental sustainability. Plant based dietary approaches may therefore, target some of these problems from the roots, and may be a solution to improving ethical issues and equity in the current food system. This paper examines how meat production and consumption contributed to the current crises in the food system through the lens of ethics - the moral compass - to find directions on how t... Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3071656 Wed, 09 Dec 2009 18:04:03 +0100 3071656 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3071654&cid=s_37559_28_f&fid=37559&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19965361%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: McKay J Recent dramatic increases in food prices in much of the world have caused much concern, and have even resulted in some public protests and riots. This is easy to understand given the large percentages of incomes that the poor devote to food purchases. Many commentators have predicted that food supplies in the Asia-Pacific region will become much more limited in the future as the result of population growth, the rapid growth of cities, new food demands by a growing middle class, the impacts of climate change, and the growth of a global food industry. But will these possible shortages of food result in pressures that will destabilise the security situation in the region? Recent work of the whole concept of security has resulted in some redefinition of the term to include... Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3071654 Wed, 09 Dec 2009 18:04:03 +0100 3071654 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3071652&cid=s_37559_28_f&fid=37559&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19965362%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Walsh G This paper seeks to shed further light on the factors contributing to the emerging global food crisis by examining the reasons for an unusual downturn in dairy food production in Australia, from where 11% of the world trade in dairy foods originates. PMID: 19965362 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition) Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3071652 Wed, 09 Dec 2009 18:04:03 +0100 3071652 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3071651&cid=s_37559_28_f&fid=37559&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19965363%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Liu FK As combined new factors could further complicate the food supply and health security for regional countries, new perspective on human security should be prioritized on securitizing health security in the region. In recent years, food production and supply has been affected by unpredictable climate change and unaccountable manmade factors in the region. With increased pressure from food security issues, personal health and human security is badly affected. It poses a threat to human security and becomes a concern of all states. In the new era, the pressing reality for all countries is that there is no exception for anyone before a pandemic. Threats to human security become not only a national security issue but also a transnational challenge. PMID: 19965363 [PubMed -... Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3071651 Wed, 09 Dec 2009 18:04:03 +0100 3071651 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3071650&cid=s_37559_28_f&fid=37559&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19965364%26dopt%3DAbstract This article reviews the context of adaptation rules and current policy development in East Asian region. The UNFCCC and Kyoto Protocol have established specific rules for countries to develop national or regional adaptation policies and measurements. The current development of the ASEAN Strategic Plan on food security is inspiring, but the commitments to implementation by its members remain an issue of concern. We suggest that the UNFCCC enhances co-operation with the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) and other international organizations to further develop methodologies and technologies for all parties. Our findings suggest that agriculture is one of the most vulnerable sectors in terms of risks associated with climate change and distinct programmatic initiatives are necessary. It'... Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3071650 Wed, 09 Dec 2009 18:04:03 +0100 3071650 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3071649&cid=s_37559_28_f&fid=37559&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19965365%26dopt%3DAbstract This article aims to characterize the notions of health security in order to clarify what constitutes the nexus of health and security. The concept of health security has evolved over time so that it encompasses many entities. Analyzing the health reports of four multilateral organizations (the United Nations, World Health Organization, Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation, and the European Union) produced eight categories of most significant relevance to contemporary health security, allowing comparison of the definitions. The four categories are: emerging diseases; global infectious disease; deliberate release of chemical and biological materials; violence, conflict, and humanitarian emergencies. Two other categories of common concern are natural disasters and environmental change, as well ... Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3071649 Wed, 09 Dec 2009 18:04:03 +0100 3071649 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3071648&cid=s_37559_28_f&fid=37559&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19965366%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Jaron D, Galal O Food security is an important element in the multi-factorial systems analysis of health and well being. The interaction between food supply and other important factors making up the system can shed light on individual and population health. A critical analysis of the health system must also include consideration of disparity in food security since it represents one of the most dramatic indicators of economic and health inequality. A large fraction of the world's population -- particularly in Sub-Saharan Africa and in South East Asia -- is chronically hungry. Distributing food commodities alone does not appear to significantly reduce global food insecurity. In addition, promoting agricultural development, economic growth, and education assistance is needed in o... Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3071648 Wed, 09 Dec 2009 18:04:03 +0100 3071648 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3071647&cid=s_37559_28_f&fid=37559&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19965367%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Wahlqvist ML, Keatinge JD, Butler CD, Friel S, McKay J, Easdown W, Kuo KN, Huang CJ, Pan WH, Yang RY, Lee MS, Chang HY, Chiu YW, Jaron D, Krawinkel M, Barlow S, Walsh G, Chiang TL, Huang PC, Li D, The advent of multiple global crises, especially those of climate change, economics, energy, water, food and health evident in 2008, is of considerable moment to those who are suffering their consequences and for those with responsibility and interest in the systems affected. A coalition of parties in the Asia Pacific Region who work in the food and health systems met in August, 2009 in Taiwan and instigated a Food in Health Security (FIHS) Network which might join with other like-minded networks in and beyond the region. Sustainable health has many dimensions, among which food and ... Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3071647 Wed, 09 Dec 2009 18:04:03 +0100 3071647 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2852459&cid=s_37559_28_f&fid=37559&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19786377%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Webster J, Dunford E, Huxley R, Li N, Nowson CA, Neal B Excess dietary salt is a well established cause of high blood pressure and vascular disease. National and international bodies recommend a significant reduction in population salt intakes on the basis of strong evidence for health gains that population salt reduction strategies could achieve. The Australian Division of World Action on Salt and Health (AWASH) coordinates the Drop the Salt! campaign in Australia. This aims to reduce the average amount of salt consumed by Australians to six grams per day over five years through three main implementation strategies targeting the food industry, the media and government. This strategy has the potential to achieve a rapid and significant reduction in dietary salt consumption in ... Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2852459 Fri, 02 Oct 2009 03:30:04 +0100 2852459 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2852458&cid=s_37559_28_f&fid=37559&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19786378%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Yang NC, Chou CW, Chen CY, Hwang KL, Yang YC The purpose of this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel comparison study was to evaluate the lipid-lowering effect of orally administrated nattokinase and nattokinase combined with red yeast rice (RYR) extract on blood lipids in patients with hyperlipidemia. A total of 47 patients with hyperlipidemia were assigned to one of three groups: 1. nattokinase-mono formula (50 mg/capsule), 2. combined formula of nattokinase with RYR (300 mg of extract/capsule) and 3. placebo. Subjects received a twice daily dose of two capsules for six months. The mono formula showed no effects on blood lipids until month six, while the combined formula ameliorated all of measured lipids starting from month one. In the combined group sign... Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2852458 Fri, 02 Oct 2009 03:30:04 +0100 2852458 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2852457&cid=s_37559_28_f&fid=37559&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19786379%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Ma L, Lin XM, Xu XR, Zou ZY, Wang ZX, Huang YM, Li Y Observational epidemiological studies have shown that a high consumption of lutein-containing foods is associated with decreased risk of chronic diseases. However, results are inconsistent, suggesting the possibility that confounders may impact serum lutein concentration after consumption. The present study aimed to determine the factors affecting serum lutein status and to characterize dynamic changes of lutein concentration in serum during lutein supplementation in healthy Chinese subjects. After baseline characteristics were determined, thirty-seven healthy participants were randomized to receive 6mg lutein/d, 12mg lutein/d, or placebo for 12 weeks, as well as to be observed for 6 additional weeks after the cessation of s... Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2852457 Fri, 02 Oct 2009 03:30:04 +0100 2852457 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2852456&cid=s_37559_28_f&fid=37559&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19786380%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, (fortified) milk consumption benefited the children in rural Vietnam including lowering the occurrence of underweight and stunting, improving micronutrients status and better learning indicators as well as improving the quality of life. PMID: 19786380 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition) Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2852456 Fri, 02 Oct 2009 03:30:04 +0100 2852456 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2852455&cid=s_37559_28_f&fid=37559&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19786381%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Sugiyama T, Murakami T, Shibata T, Goshima M, Narita N, Nakagaki H, Nishimuta M The present study aimed to determine whether there is excessive mean daily intake of phosphorus in 3- to 5-year-old Japanese children and to ascertain relationships between phosphorus intake and various food and beverage groups. Subjects comprised of 90 children, with 15 boys and 15 girls in each age group from 3 to 5 years. The duplicate-diet technique was used to ascertain total dietary intake, including snacks and beverages over a 24-h period on 3 separate days from summer 1999 to winter 2000. After wet ashing food samples, phosphorus was quantified by colourimetry using a spectrophotometer. Median and 25th-75th percentile daily phosphorus intake for 3- to 5-year-old Japanese children was 674 mg... Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2852455 Fri, 02 Oct 2009 03:30:04 +0100 2852455 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2852454&cid=s_37559_28_f&fid=37559&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19786382%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Noda Y, Iide K, Masuda R, Kishida R, Nagata A, Hirakawa F, Yoshimura Y, Imamura H The purpose of this study was: 1) to collect baseline data on nutrient intake in order to advise athletes about nutrition practices that might enhance performance, and 2) to evaluate the dietary iron intake and blood iron status of Japanese collegiate soccer players. The subjects were 31 soccer players and 15 controls. Dietary information was obtained with a food frequency questionnaire. The mean carbohydrate (6.9 g.kg-1 BW) and protein (1.3 g/kg) intakes of the soccer players were marginal in comparisons with recommended targets. The mean intakes of calcium, magnesium, vitamin A, B1, B2, and C were lower than the respective Japanese recommended dietary allowances (RDAs) or adequate dietary intak... Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2852454 Fri, 02 Oct 2009 03:30:04 +0100 2852454 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2852453&cid=s_37559_28_f&fid=37559&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19786383%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Liu Y, Wang J, Zhang R, Zhang Y, Xu Q, Zhang J, Zhang Y, Zheng Z, Yu X, Jing H, Nosaka N, Kasai M, Aoyama T, Wu J, Xue C A double blind clinical trial was carried out to clarify the effects of oil with medium- and long-chain triglyceride (MLCT) on body fat and blood lipid profiles in hypertriglyceridemic subjects. One-hundred-and-twelve subjects were enrolled and divided into two groups; those that consumed MLCT oil and those that consumed long-chain triglyceride (LCT) oil for 8 weeks. All subjects were requested to consume 25-30 g of the oils daily and maintain a fixed level of energy intake and exercise. Anthropometric and blood biochemical parameters were measured when the study was initiated and completed. The LCT group consisted of 50 subjects (34 men and 16 women), while... Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2852453 Fri, 02 Oct 2009 03:30:04 +0100 2852453 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2852451&cid=s_37559_28_f&fid=37559&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19786385%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, frequent fish intake and regular exercise are positively associated with serum 25-OHD3 concentrations in healthy Korean men. PMID: 19786385 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition) Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2852451 Fri, 02 Oct 2009 03:30:04 +0100 2852451 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2852450&cid=s_37559_28_f&fid=37559&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19786386%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Zhang J, Wang Y, Meng L, Wang C, Zhao W, Chen J, Ghebremeskel K, Crawford MA The aim of this study was to investigate concentrations of n-3 and n-6 fatty acids in pregnant women and neonates from River/Lake, Coastal and Inland regions of China. Demographic, nutritional and anthropometric data, as well as blood samples (maternal and cord) were obtained. Plasma choline phosphglyceride (CPG) fatty acids were analysed. Median daily fatty acid intakes of the women from River/Lake, Coastal and Inland women were linoleic acid (LA), 20.2, 22.1, 31.7 g; arachidonic acid (AA), 157.2, 95.6, 141.3 mg; alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), 4.2, 1.0, 1.8 g; eicosapentenoic acid (EPA), 22.4, 28.6, 3.1 mg; docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), 51.7, 54.7, 33.3 mg and the n-3 to n-6 fatty acid ratio, 4.7, 20.9,17... Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2852450 Fri, 02 Oct 2009 03:30:04 +0100 2852450 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2852449&cid=s_37559_28_f&fid=37559&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19786387%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Dwarkanath P, Muthayya S, Thomas T, Vaz M, Parikh P, Mehra R, Kurpad AV In recent years there is growing interest on the role of long chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (omega-3 LC-PUFA) in pregnancy and the growth and development of the offspring. We aim to characterize and provide baseline data on the intake of LCPUFA (omega-3 and omega-6) in a prospective cohort of 829 pregnant Indian women and report associations between LCPUFA intake and erythrocyte membrane phospholipid fatty acid concentration in a sub-group at baseline (1st trimester), the 2nd and 3rd trimesters of pregnancy. The dietary intake of all the macronutrients and of alpha-linolenic acid(ALA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) significantly increased over the 3 trimesters of pr... Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2852449 Fri, 02 Oct 2009 03:30:04 +0100 2852449 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2852448&cid=s_37559_28_f&fid=37559&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19786388%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, 818 newly admitted patients aged above 18 years old were screened using five parameters that contribute to the risk of malnutrition. A dietitian blinded to the nutrition screening score assessed the same patients using the reference standard, Subjective Global Assessment (SGA) within 48 hours. Sensitivity and specificity were established using the receiver operator characteristics (ROC) curve and the best cut-off scores determined. The nutrition parameter with the largest area under the ROC curve (AUC) was chosen as the final screening tool, which was named the 3-Minute Nutrition Screening (3-MinNS). The combination of the parameters weight loss, intake and muscle wastage (3-MinNS), gave the largest AUC when compared with SGA. Using 3-MinNS, the best cut-off point to identif... Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2852448 Fri, 02 Oct 2009 03:30:04 +0100 2852448 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2852447&cid=s_37559_28_f&fid=37559&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19786389%26dopt%3DAbstract The objectives of this study were to characterise the relationships between BMI and percentage body fat (%BF) and to determine the appropriateness of universal BMI standards for predicting excess fatness in girls from five ethnic groups. The BMI and %BF of 1,676 European, Maori, Pacific Island, East Asian, and South Asian girls aged 5-16 years were determined using anthropometric and bioimpedance measurements. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were prepared to assess the sensitivity and specificity of the International Obesity Taskforce (IOTF) and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) BMI thresholds for detecting %BF >85th percentile. Compared with European girls, South and East Asians averaged 4.2% and 1.3% more %BF at a fixed BMI and age, whereas Pacific Island... Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2852447 Fri, 02 Oct 2009 03:30:04 +0100 2852447 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2852446&cid=s_37559_28_f&fid=37559&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19786390%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Saibul N, Shariff ZM, Lin KG, Kandiah M, Ghani NA, Rahman HA This paper reports on the presence of dual burden households in Orang Asli (OA, indigenous people) communities and its associated factors. A total of 182 OA households in two districts in Selangor with the required criteria (182 non-pregnant women of child bearing age and 284 children aged 2-9 years old) participated in the study. Height and weight of both women and children were measured. Energy intake and food variety score (FVS) were determined using three 24-hour diet recalls. While 58% were underweight and 64% of the children were stunted, the prevalence of overweight and obesity in women were 31% and 20% respectively. The percentage of dual burden households (overweight mother/underweight child) was 25.8% while... Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2852446 Fri, 02 Oct 2009 03:30:04 +0100 2852446 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2852445&cid=s_37559_28_f&fid=37559&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19786391%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusions: The extent, not the type of intervention, of weight loss is highly correlated with the favorable changes in HRQOL at 6-months. Weight loss above 5% of baseline values is necessary to show significant improvements in HRQOL in motivated obese Chinese. PMID: 19786391 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition) Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2852445 Fri, 02 Oct 2009 03:30:04 +0100 2852445 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2852444&cid=s_37559_28_f&fid=37559&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19786392%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Dugee O, Khor GL, Lye MS, Luvsannyam L, Janchiv O, Jamyan B, Esa N Mongolia is experiencing changes in its unique nomadic lifestyle and dietary habits in the last two decades with accompanying increase in obesity rate. The dietary pattern approach, which investigates the overall diet in relation to obesity risks, has become appealing in nutrition epidemiology. The aim of this study was to identify major dietary patterns of the Mongolian adults in relation to the risk of having obesity. Dietary intake of a total 418 adults aged ? 25 years was assessed by using a food frequency questionnaire with 68 items. An exploratory factor analysis resulted in three dietary patterns: transitional high in processed meat and potato, traditional rich in whole milk, fats and oils and healthy wi... Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2852444 Fri, 02 Oct 2009 03:30:04 +0100 2852444 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2852443&cid=s_37559_28_f&fid=37559&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19786393%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Sudo N, Sekiyama M, Ohtsuka R, Maharjan M Our previous studies in developing countries have indicated that gender differences in intake of luxury foods incur risk of micronutrient deficiencies among women. As the next step, we examined the causes of gender differences in food intake by comparing eating patterns, including meal frequency (skipping) and temporal distribution of food consumption throughout the day among adults of Hindu communities in lowland Nepal. A total of 321 adults (126 men and 195 women) aged 20 years and above were randomly selected from 94 households in three rural communities. A face-to-face questionnaire-based 24-hour dietary recall interview was conducted whereby foods eaten throughout the six eating occasions (morning snack, breakfast, lunch, daytime ... Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2852443 Fri, 02 Oct 2009 03:30:04 +0100 2852443 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2852442&cid=s_37559_28_f&fid=37559&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19786394%26dopt%3DAbstract This study sought to examine the influences on soft drink and fast food consumption among adolescents as part of a cross-sectional survey of 2,719 adolescents (aged 11-16) from 93 randomly selected schools in New South Wales, Australia. Students provided information on soft drink and fast food consumption, and responded to statements examining influences over consumption. Over half of the boys and more than one third of the girls reported drinking soft drink daily, and consumption peaked in Grade 8 students. A quarter of students reported choosing soft drinks instead of water or milk, and around 40% agreed that soft drink was usually available in their homes. Availability in the home and drinking soft drinks with meals was most strongly associated with consumption in all age groups. Fast f... Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2852442 Fri, 02 Oct 2009 03:30:04 +0100 2852442 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2852441&cid=s_37559_28_f&fid=37559&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19786395%26dopt%3DAbstract We examined changes in mean BMI, diet, and other lifestyle behaviours between 1976 and 2005 and described the cross-sectional associations between these factors and BMI. A series of biennial biomedical surveys by Sydney Adventist Hospital from 1976 to 2005 allowed examination of BMI trends, while the selection of three surveys enabled detailed examination of likely dietary and lifestyle associations. Subjects included in this study were: 384 men and 338 women in 1976; 160 men and 146 women in 1978; 166 men and 141 women in 1980; 164 men and 142 women in 1982; 177 men and 13 women in 1984; 239 men and 227 women in 1986; 210 men and 225 women in 1988; 165 men and 148 women in 1990; 138 men and 167 women in 1992 and 270 men and 62 women in 2005. Height and weight were measured by hospital sta... Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2852441 Fri, 02 Oct 2009 03:30:04 +0100 2852441 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2852440&cid=s_37559_28_f&fid=37559&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19786396%26dopt%3DAbstract The objective of the meeting was to have a retrospective view on child growth: lessons learned from programs to overcome under-nutrition in the developed countries and to relate the situation to the Indonesian context, as well as to discuss implications for future programs. Recommendations derived from the meeting include focus intervention on the window of opportunity group, re-activation of the Integrated Health Post at the village level, improvement of infant and young child feeding, expand food fortification intervention programs, strengthen supplementation programs with multi-micronutrient, and strengthening public and private partnership on food related programs. PMID: 19786396 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition) Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2852440 Fri, 02 Oct 2009 03:30:04 +0100 2852440 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2852452&cid=s_37559_28_f&fid=37559&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19786384%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusion: hydrogenated trans fatty acid intake was positively associated with several metabolic risk factors among free-living young Japanese women with relatively low intake. PMID: 19786384 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition) Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2852452 Mon, 31 Aug 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2852452 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2744667&cid=s_37559_28_f&fid=37559&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19713172%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Teas J, Baldeon ME, Chiriboga DE, Davis JR, Sarries AJ, Braverman LE Incidence of the metabolic syndrome is increasing worldwide, with notable exceptions of some Asian countries where seaweeds are commonly consumed. 13 men (mean age 47.4 +/- 9.9 yr) and 14 women (average age 45.6 +/- 12.2 yr) with at least one symptom of the metabolic syndrome were recruited in Quito Ecuador to a randomized double-blinded placebo-controlled trial. Subjects were assigned to either Group 1 (1 m placebo, followed by 1 m 4 g/d seaweed [Undaria pinnatifida]) or Group 2 (1 m of 4 g/d seaweed, followed by 1 m of 6 g/d of seaweed). Blood pressure, weight, waist circumference, inflammation biomarkers, and lipids were measured monthly. Repeated measures analysis of variance with Tukey's multiple compari... Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2744667 Sun, 30 Aug 2009 01:36:03 +0100 2744667 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2744666&cid=s_37559_28_f&fid=37559&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19713173%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, with proper EN management during and after IRT, a significant number of SBS patients could be weaned from PN, especially for those who were considered as permanent intestinal failure; continuous tube feeding is recommended for enteral access, and long-term EN support could meet the daily nutritional requirement in majority of SBS patients. PMID: 19713173 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition) Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2744666 Sun, 30 Aug 2009 01:36:03 +0100 2744666 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2744665&cid=s_37559_28_f&fid=37559&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19713174%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Campos R, Montenegro-Bethancourt G, Vossenaar M, Doak CM, Solomons NW Water intake was described and quantified in samples of urban Guatemalan schoolchildren stratified by gender and socio-economic status. The frequency of consumption and quantity of plain water drinking was estimated from one-day pictorial registries of all beverages, foods and snacks consumed over a 24-h period collected from 449 3rd and 4th graders from two social classes: 230 from higher SES and 219 from lower SES. Plain water was reported by 28.1% of participants on the day of registry. Quantities consumed ranged from 250 to 2250 ml. For the 449 one-day intake records, a cumulative total of 62,000 mL of water consumption was reported. This constitutes an average of 138 +/- 289 ml across all participants b... Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2744665 Sun, 30 Aug 2009 01:36:03 +0100 2744665 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2744664&cid=s_37559_28_f&fid=37559&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19713175%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusion: These results indicate that the levels of placental IGF-IIand IGF-IR mRNA may be involved in the development of macrosomia. PMID: 19713175 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition) Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2744664 Sun, 30 Aug 2009 01:36:03 +0100 2744664 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2744663&cid=s_37559_28_f&fid=37559&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19713176%26dopt%3DAbstract The objective of this work is to conduct a systematic review that investigates the efficacy of phytosterols/stanols in lowering lipid concentration in individuals with non-familial hypercholesterolemia. Randomized controlled intervention trials were identified through selected international journal databases and reference lists of relevant publications. Two researchers extracted data from each identified trial and only trials of sufficient quality were included in the review. Main outcomes of interest were differences between treatment and control groups in terms of low density lipoprotein cholesterol, total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein cholesterol and triacylglycerol. Of the studies reviewed, 20 out of 76 studies were of sufficient quality. The results of the systematic review in... Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2744663 Sun, 30 Aug 2009 01:36:03 +0100 2744663 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2744662&cid=s_37559_28_f&fid=37559&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19713177%26dopt%3DAbstract This study showed higher TFAs contents in commercially available fast foods compared to the amounts recommended by dietary guidelines in Iran. Further studies must assess the effects of these fatty acids on human health. PMID: 19713177 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition) Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2744662 Sun, 30 Aug 2009 01:36:03 +0100 2744662 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2744661&cid=s_37559_28_f&fid=37559&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19713178%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusion: Dietary zinc intake of the Jiangsu Province population does not generally meet the Chinese RNI. Children and adolescents in particular have a higher risk of insufficient zinc intake. PMID: 19713178 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition) Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2744661 Sun, 30 Aug 2009 01:36:03 +0100 2744661 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2744660&cid=s_37559_28_f&fid=37559&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19713179%26dopt%3DAbstract The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of female athlete triad and factors associated with this condition among athletes participating in different sports. A total of 67 elite female athletes aged between 13-30 years participated in the study and were subdivided into the 'leanness' and 'non-leanness' groups. Eating disorders were assessed using a body image figure rating and the Eating Disorder Inventory (EDI) with body dissatisfaction (BD), drive for thinness (DT), bulimia (B) and perfectionism (P) subscales. Menstrual irregularity was assessed with a self-reported menstrual history questionnaire. Bone quality was measured using a quantitative ultrasound device at one-third distal radius. Prevalence of the female athlete triad was low (1.9%), but the prevalence for in... Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2744660 Sun, 30 Aug 2009 01:36:03 +0100 2744660 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2744659&cid=s_37559_28_f&fid=37559&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19713180%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Zaher ZM, Zambari R, Pheng CS, Muruga V, Ng B, Appannah G, Onn LT Many studies in Asia have demonstrated that Asian populations may require lower cut-off levels for body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference to define obesity and abdominal obesity respectively, compared to western populations. Optimal cut-off levels for body mass index and waist circumference were determined to assess the relationship between the two anthropometric- and cardiovascular indices. Receiver operating characteristics analysis was used to determine the optimal cut-off levels. The study sample included 1833 subjects (mean age of 44 + 14 years) from 93 primary care clinics in Malaysia. Eight hundred and seventy two of the subjects were men and 960 were women. The optimal body mass index cut-off valu... Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2744659 Sun, 30 Aug 2009 01:36:03 +0100 2744659 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2744658&cid=s_37559_28_f&fid=37559&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19713181%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Mellati AA, Mousavinasab SN, Sokhanvar S, Kazemi SA, Esmailli MH, Dinmohamadi H The purpose of this study was to determine the anthropometric index that best predicts common cardiovascular risk factors. A total of 2768 individuals (1310 men and 1458 women) aged 21-75 years with full relevant data from the Zanjan Healthy Heart Study (a prospective study in Zanjan and Abhar, two main cities of Zanjan Province, Iran) were recruited. Common cardiovascular risk factors (TG, TC, HDL-c, LDL-c, fast blood sugar, blood pressure), anthropometric indices (BMI, WC, WHR, WHtR) were measured using standard process, and their correlated classification was evaluated by partial correlation and Receiver Operator Characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Area under curve (AUC) of WHtR was the largest... Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2744658 Sun, 30 Aug 2009 01:36:03 +0100 2744658 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2744657&cid=s_37559_28_f&fid=37559&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19713182%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusion: Associations between overweight/obesity and metabolic disorders were evident using both cut-offs. Asian cut-offs identified more risk factors and therefore could be considered for defining at-risk groups. The results highlight the importance of intervention programs to prevent overweight/obesity in young adults. PMID: 19713182 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition) Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2744657 Sun, 30 Aug 2009 01:36:03 +0100 2744657 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2744656&cid=s_37559_28_f&fid=37559&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19713183%26dopt%3DAbstract This study aims to assess the prevalence of underweight, overweight and obesity among adults in urban Hanoi, Vietnam; and compare these results to previous estimates among adults in urban Ho Chi Minh City. Survey participants were residents in urban Hanoi, Vietnam and aged between 25-74 years. Data from a cross-sectional biomedical survey conducted in 2004 were collected; which included a questionnaire, physical examination and blood tests. The age-standardised prevalence of overweight and obesity in 2004, using Asian-specific body mass index cut-offs, were 28.6% and 2.1%, respectively. The prevalence of overweight/obesity (combined) was similar in males (29.7%) and females (31.5%), and generally increased with age. The prevalence of overweight/obesity was considerably lower if the standar... Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2744656 Sun, 30 Aug 2009 01:36:03 +0100 2744656 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2744655&cid=s_37559_28_f&fid=37559&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19713184%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusions: The 81-item FFQ has satisfactory reproducibility and reasonable validity, and is useful in assessing the usual consumption of major nutrients and food groups among Chinese women in Guangdong. PMID: 19713184 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition) Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2744655 Sun, 30 Aug 2009 01:36:03 +0100 2744655 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2744654&cid=s_37559_28_f&fid=37559&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19713185%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusion: None of the existing prediction equations were accurate in their estimation of REE, when applied to obese Chinese children. A new prediction equation has been derived for local use. PMID: 19713185 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition) Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2744654 Sun, 30 Aug 2009 01:36:03 +0100 2744654 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2744653&cid=s_37559_28_f&fid=37559&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19713186%26dopt%3DAbstract The objective of this study was to explore the perception of, feelings and attitudes toward overweight or obesity, and the perceived barriers to weight loss among native adults from lower socio-economic background. A total of six gender- and ethnic-specific focus groups consisted of 38 overweight and obese purposefully and criterion selected adults (21 women and 17 men), participated in this study. An unstructured discussion guide based on the study objectives were used for the focus groups. The results showed that some participants perceived themselves as ugly, felt ashamed of their body size and were frustrated because they did not desire to be overweight. Due to their excess weight, most also expressed they were less effective in their work performances. Although some participants had n... Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2744653 Sun, 30 Aug 2009 01:36:03 +0100 2744653 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2744652&cid=s_37559_28_f&fid=37559&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19713187%26dopt%3DAbstract We described the body composition and nutrient intake of Buddhist vegetarians and compared the data with that of omnivores in South Korea. Vegetarian subjects were 54 Buddhist nuns, who adhered to a vegetarian diet in accordance with Buddhist teachings. We compared these finding with a group of 31 omnivore Catholic nuns who shared a similar lifestyle but different dietary pattern than those of the Buddhist nuns. All subjects completed the estimated three-day dietary record. Body composition was determined by a segmental multi-frequency-bioelectrical impedance analysis method. No height difference between the dietary groups existed but the vegetarians had a significantly higher body weight, fat free mass, body fat and body mass index (BMI, kg/m2) than the omnivores. The median BMI of both v... Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2744652 Sun, 30 Aug 2009 01:36:03 +0100 2744652 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2744651&cid=s_37559_28_f&fid=37559&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19713188%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusion: It is justifiable to use the WC criteria to define the metabolic syndrome in children. Due to its practicality, BMI remains the most suitable index for defining overweight/obesity. Only moderate levels of sensitivity and specificity were achieved with these two popular obesity indices with regard to metabolic abnormalities. PMID: 19713188 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition) Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2744651 Sun, 30 Aug 2009 01:36:03 +0100 2744651 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2744650&cid=s_37559_28_f&fid=37559&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19713189%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, regardless of weight status, health behaviors should be modified to prevent MS. PMID: 19713189 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition) Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2744650 Sun, 30 Aug 2009 01:36:03 +0100 2744650 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2744649&cid=s_37559_28_f&fid=37559&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19713190%26dopt%3DAbstract The objective was to determine the relationship between dietary intake and metabolic syndrome in urban Babolian middle-aged women. Systematic random sampling was used to select 984 women 30-50 years of age from urban area of Babol, Mazandaran, Iran. Dietary patterns were evaluated using a food frequency questionnaire. The ATP III criteria were used to classify study participants as having the metabolic syndrome. Correlations of component foods with indices of the metabolic syndrome were assessed using Spearman's rank correlation coefficient (rho). The adjusted odds ratios (OR) and their 95% confidence intervals were obtained for the nutrient groups. Mean total kilocalories consumed per day were 2965. The study suggests that a good dietary pattern that is rich in fruits, legumes, vegetables... Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2744649 Sun, 30 Aug 2009 01:36:03 +0100 2744649 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2744648&cid=s_37559_28_f&fid=37559&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19713191%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Vikram NK, Pandey RM, Misra A, Goel K, Gupta N There is paucity of data on the association of various risk factors of the metabolic syndrome in urban Asian Indian adolescents. This cross-sectional study included 948 subjects (527 males; 421 females) aged 14-19 y, selected randomly from New Delhi, India. Principal component factor analysis included variables such as: body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), triceps (TR) and subscapular (SS) skinfold thickness, systolic and diastolic blood pressures, fasting blood glucose, serum triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and fasting insulin. Factor scores were used to generate a cumulative risk scale and identify independent correlates of high cumulative risk. Three factors namely: obesity/insulin factor (BMI, W... Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2744648 Sun, 30 Aug 2009 01:36:03 +0100 2744648 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2593447&cid=s_37559_28_f&fid=37559&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19588569%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Wahlqvist ML PMID: 19588569 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition) Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2593447 Mon, 13 Jul 2009 03:20:02 +0100 2593447 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2312461&cid=s_37559_28_f&fid=37559&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19329388%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, 722 subjects aged 65 years or older (297 males and 425 females) who had gradable fundus photographs were included. The subjects were divided into three groups of early or late AMD or non-maculopathy. Serum antioxidants (alpha-, gamma-tocopherols, retinol, beta-cryptoxanthin, alpha-, beta-carotenes, lycopene, and lutein and zeaxanthin) were measured with high-performance liquid chromatography. To clarify the combined effect as the group of the antioxidants, we defined the carotene family (alpha-, beta-carotenes and lycopene) and carotenoid family (beta-cryptoxanthin, alpha-, beta-carotenes, lycopene, lutein and zeaxanthin). Tertiles of each serum antioxidant were obtained and the prevalence of early or late AMD was compared with univariate or multivariate analysis. The overal... Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2312461 Wed, 08 Apr 2009 21:26:07 +0100 2312461 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2312459&cid=s_37559_28_f&fid=37559&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19329389%26dopt%3DAbstract This study compared the intake and absorption of nutrients from a lentil-based high protein (15% energy from protein) diet (LenP), AP, and a low protein (7.5% energy from protein) diet (LP). A total of 31 moderately malnourished 24 to 59 month old children convalescing from shigellosis were randomised to these three diets: LenP (n=11), AP (n=9) and LP (n=11). After two weeks adaptation with the respective diets, a 72-hour metabolic balance study was performed. The children's baseline characteristics were comparable among the groups (one exception: children of LP group were less stunted). The costs of 1,000 kcal from LenP, AP and LP diets were 0.15, 0.75 and 0.11 US dollar, respectively. Average daily energy intake (115-119 kcal/kg/d), coefficients of carbohydrate (89-91%), fat (80-90%), an... Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2312459 Wed, 08 Apr 2009 21:26:07 +0100 2312459 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2312457&cid=s_37559_28_f&fid=37559&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19329390%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusion: Stunting and zinc deficiency were not highly prevalent among primary school children in rural counties with low soil zinc concentrations of Jiangsu Province. PMID: 19329390 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition) Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2312457 Wed, 08 Apr 2009 21:26:07 +0100 2312457 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2312455&cid=s_37559_28_f&fid=37559&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19329391%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Neggers YH, Kim EK, Song JM, Chung EJ, Um YS, Park T There is evidence that alteration in plasma fatty acid composition may play a role in certain neurological disorders. This case control study was conducted to evaluate the association between plasma fatty acid levels and mental retardation in Korean children. Plasma phospholipid fatty acids, plasma lipids, dietary fatty acids and selected nutrients were measured in 31 mentally retarded boys (mean age 9.93 +/-1.5 yrs) and matched controls. Total plasma omega-3 fatty acids (Sigmaw3), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and high density lipoprotein (HDL) concentrations were significantly lower and the Sigmaomega-6/Sigmaomega-3 ratio was significantly higher in cases than in controls. The odds in favor of mental retardation increased by ... Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2312455 Wed, 08 Apr 2009 21:26:07 +0100 2312455 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2312453&cid=s_37559_28_f&fid=37559&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19329392%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusion: Vitamin D supplementation is highly effective in improving vitamin D status and the vitamin D status in this study population was improved considerably when compared to previous studies. Therefore, it is concluded that the prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency should be re-evaluated in postmenopausal women in most countries including Korea. PMID: 19329392 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition) Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2312453 Wed, 08 Apr 2009 21:26:07 +0100 2312453 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2312451&cid=s_37559_28_f&fid=37559&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19329393%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusion: Iodine status of most of the target population for Universal Salt Iodization program is adequate, but iodine deficiency still existed in some. To assure every new life's brain not be damaged by iodine deficiency, iodine status of targeted populations should be monitored and supplements provided according to the monitoring outcomes. PMID: 19329393 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition) Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2312451 Wed, 08 Apr 2009 21:26:07 +0100 2312451 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2312449&cid=s_37559_28_f&fid=37559&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19329394%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusion: Subnormal concentrations of iron and micronutrients in combination may contribute to this situation. Further studies on food-based or supplement-based approaches trying to increase intake of iron and certain vitamins are warranted to decrease anemia in pregnant Chinese women in the third trimester. PMID: 19329394 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition) Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2312449 Wed, 08 Apr 2009 21:26:07 +0100 2312449 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2312447&cid=s_37559_28_f&fid=37559&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19329395%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusion: Most of the postmenopausal osteoporotic women in north west of Iran have a considerable deficiency in terms of energy and some micronutrients such as calcium, vitamin D and magnesium, which can be deleterious for bone health. PMID: 19329395 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition) Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2312447 Wed, 08 Apr 2009 21:26:07 +0100 2312447 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2312445&cid=s_37559_28_f&fid=37559&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19329396%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Liang X, Jiang ZM, Nolan MT, Wu X, Zhang H, Zheng Y, Liu H, Kondrup J The purpose of this study was to test the suitability of Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 (NRS 2002) among hospitalized patients and to determine the prevalence of nutritional risk, undernutrition, overweight, obesity, nutritional support and the changes of nutritional risk from admission to discharge or over a two-week period. A prospective descriptive design was used to describe patientsf data collected at three Beijing teaching hospitals. A total number of 1500 consecutive patients, who met the inclusion criteria on admission and provided informed consent, were enrolled. The NRS 2002 was completed by 97.7% of all patients in this study. The overall prevalence of nutritional risk was 27.3%, the prevalence o... Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2312445 Wed, 08 Apr 2009 21:26:07 +0100 2312445 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2312443&cid=s_37559_28_f&fid=37559&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19329397%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Aitken RJ, Allman-Farinelli MA, King LA, Bauman AE The obesity epidemic appears set to worsen the morbidity and mortality from leading causes of death in Australia - ischaemic heart disease, stroke and obesity-related cancers. The aim of this study was to compare hospital separations, deaths and direct health costs for middle-aged adults (45 to 54 years) in 2004/05 with those attaining age 45 to 54 years in 2024/25 who were born into an obesogenic environment. Using data from National Health Surveys, prevalence of obesity in 2004/05 was calculated for those born in 1950/51-59/60 and four scenarios were considered to project rates in 2024/25 for those born in 1970/71-79/80: an age-cohort model; a linear trend model; a steady state where rates increase to equal those of the olde... Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2312443 Wed, 08 Apr 2009 21:26:07 +0100 2312443 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2312441&cid=s_37559_28_f&fid=37559&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19329398%26dopt%3DAbstract The objective of this study was to develop a physical activity assessment questionnaire for use in poorly educated and low socio-economic rural communities in developing countries and assess the repeatability of the measurements over a one-year duration. Physical Activity Level, as a composite measure of daily physical activity (PAL = estimated 24 hour energy expenditure / estimated basal metabolic rate) was derived from the semi-pictorial, interviewer based questionnaire assessing physical activity over the previous 1 week. PAL of both men and women was unchanged across the different seasons of the year. Correlations between the first physical activity questionnaire and the mean of at least 4 questionnaires administered during the course of one year were generally high (males: PAL 'r' = 0... Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2312441 Wed, 08 Apr 2009 21:26:07 +0100 2312441 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2312439&cid=s_37559_28_f&fid=37559&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19329399%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, validity of the FFQ for estimation of the intake of selected nutrients among Brazilian women with varied ethnic background was moderately high. PMID: 19329399 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition) Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2312439 Wed, 08 Apr 2009 21:26:07 +0100 2312439 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2312437&cid=s_37559_28_f&fid=37559&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19329400%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Cai Z, Xu X, Wu X, Zhou C, Li D The aim of this study was to investigate prevalences of hyperuricemia and the metabolic syndrome (MS) in the Hangzhou population, and the relationship between serum uric acid and the MS. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 4155 subjects (2614 men and 1541 women) aged 20-80 years, recruited through a health check program in Hangzhou, China. Biochemical and haematological parameters were measured by standard methods. The diagnosis of the MS is made when three or four of the following criteria are met: 1) body mess index (BMI) >= 25; 2) systolic blood pressure >= 140 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure >= 90 mmHg; 3) fasting triacyglycerol >= 1.7 mmol/L (150 mg/dL), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) < 0.9 mmol/L (35 m... Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2312437 Wed, 08 Apr 2009 21:26:07 +0100 2312437 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2312435&cid=s_37559_28_f&fid=37559&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19329401%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Shimokawa S, Chang HH, Pinstrup-Andersen P Objective: To investigate the difference in the prevalence of obesity and the associations between the risk of obesity and socioeconomic factors with regard to working adults in China and Taiwan. Data: the 2000 China Health and Nutrition Survey and the 2001 National Health Interview Survey in Taiwan, which contains information from 20-60-year-old working adults in China (3,067 men and 2,998 women) and Taiwan (6,475 men and 6,341 women). Method: Variables were converted to cross-economy comparable forms, and the estimated prevalence of obesity across socioeconomic groups was compared between China and Taiwan. Probit models were used to examine the associations between socioeconomic factors and the probability of being obese. Results: I... Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2312435 Wed, 08 Apr 2009 21:26:07 +0100 2312435 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2312433&cid=s_37559_28_f&fid=37559&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19329402%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Kawakami T, Takise S, Fuchimoto T, Kawata H In order to evaluate the influence of masticatory movement on cranial bone mineral density (BMD) and osteocyte and osteoblast micromorphology, we conducted a study in rats fed with solid feed (n=10) and powdered feed (n=10). Cranial BMD was measured by dual X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Osteocyte morphology was evaluated by light microscopy. In addition, some of the tissue was treated with EDTA-KOH to digest the bone matrix and prepare osteocyte samples. Micromorphology of the osteocytes was examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Bone mineral content (BMC) was significantly higher in the solid feed group (1.86 +/- 0.11 g) than in the powdered feed group (1.63 +/- 0.09 g) (p < 0.05). In the solid feed group, the maximum mass... Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2312433 Wed, 08 Apr 2009 21:26:07 +0100 2312433 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2312431&cid=s_37559_28_f&fid=37559&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19329403%26dopt%3DAbstract The objective was to determine the best anthropometrical measurements with regard to the metabolic syndrome (MetS) and to propose optimal cut-off values. Between April and August, 2007, 3,704 men and 6,392 women aged 18-85 years were recruited from four community centers. Medical examinations included measurement of weight, height, waist circumference (WC), hip circumference, fasting blood triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), glucose concentrations, and blood pressure (BP). Body mass index (BMI), waist to hip ratio (WHR), WC and waist to stature ratio (WSR) were calculated. Four metabolic risk factors were examined: 1) high BP; 2) high levels of TG; 3) low levels of HDL-C; 4) impaired glucose tolerance. The relationships between studied indices and risk factors... Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2312431 Wed, 08 Apr 2009 21:26:07 +0100 2312431 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2312430&cid=s_37559_28_f&fid=37559&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19329404%26dopt%3DAbstract The objective of this study was to determine whether overweight insulin resistant individuals who lost weight and improved cardiovascular risk factors during a 4-month lifestyle intervention could sustain these lifestyle changes in the long-term. Seventy-nine insulin resistant adults were randomised to a control group or either a modest or intensive lifestyle intervention group for 4-months. Thereafter the two intervention groups were combined and all participants were followed-up at 8, 12 and 24 months. Anthropometry, blood pressure, fasting glucose, lipids, insulin and aerobic fitness were measured and dietary intake was assessed. An interview was conducted to determine factors which participants perceived facilitated or hindered maintenance of healthy lifestyle habits. Seventy-two (91.1... Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2312430 Wed, 08 Apr 2009 21:26:07 +0100 2312430 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2312429&cid=s_37559_28_f&fid=37559&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19329405%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusions: Our results showed that supplementation with adequate multivitamin and mineral supplement could reduce blood pressure and serum CRP in obese women with increased cardiovascular disease risk. PMID: 19329405 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition) Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2312429 Wed, 08 Apr 2009 21:26:07 +0100 2312429 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2312428&cid=s_37559_28_f&fid=37559&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19329406%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusion: Approximately 6.5% of all and 45% of obese subjects met the criteria for the metabolic syndrome. Dietary habits especially carbohydrate consumption, socioeconomic status of family and medical history of parents can be influential factors in the prevalence of the metabolic syndrome. PMID: 19329406 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition) Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2312428 Wed, 08 Apr 2009 21:26:07 +0100 2312428 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2312427&cid=s_37559_28_f&fid=37559&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19329407%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Florentino RF The symposium on Diet, Nutrition and Immunity held in Singapore on April, 2008, reviewed the current scientific information on the development of the immune system particularly in infancy and the role of diet, exercise and aging on immunocompetence, together with the molecular processes involved. The importance of specific nutrients particularly zinc and iron, vitamins D and E and long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids on enhancing immunity, as well as the significance of maintaining a healthy microbiota in the gut leading to the concept of pro- and pre-biotics was discussed. Of interest was the presentation of studies on some common Asian foods such as soybeans, wolfberry, and mushroom that may have application in the prevention and treatment of disease involvin... Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2312427 Wed, 08 Apr 2009 21:26:07 +0100 2312427 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2076532&cid=s_37559_28_f&fid=37559&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19114392%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Sharpe JK, Byrne NM, Stedman TJ, Hills AP The purpose of this study was to compare the accuracy of clinical methods to estimate body fat (%BF) in people who take weight-inducing atypical antipsychotic medications. Forty-seven people (35 males, 12 females) with previously diagnosed psychotic illness who had been taking atypical antipsychotic medications for more than 6 months took part in this study. Percentage body fat was estimated using bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) and anthropometry from previously published prediction equations and compared with that measured using the deuterium dilution technique which served as the criterion measure. Bland-Altman analyses were used to assess the agreement between measures. In the males, %BF determined using BIA with the Lukaski ... Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2076532 Mon, 01 Dec 2008 05:00:00 +0100 2076532 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2076531&cid=s_37559_28_f&fid=37559&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19114396%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusion: The Malaysian Health Campaigns had resulted in overall good knowledge on nutrition and obesity in the parents except in few domains. However, this was insufficient to make the parents recognize the growing overweight and obesity problem in their children. PMID: 19114396 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition) Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2076531 Mon, 01 Dec 2008 05:00:00 +0100 2076531 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1833937&cid=s_37559_28_f&fid=37559&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18818154%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Wahlqvist ML To establish health policy which will be relevant and effectual for a decade or more, let alone the much longer term, is a challenging task for any period of human or planetary history. Presently it is more so than ever because of major demographic, economic, technological and scientific, climatic and territorial changes and uncertainties. There are various scenarios which might be envisaged for food-health relationships before global population size is expected to stabilize by about 2050, dependent on planetary health. These will reflect achieved food intakes which for many will not be optimal but realizable and food systems with varying degrees of safety, security and sustainability. Health patterns themselves are bound to continue to change from those associate... Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1833937 Sat, 27 Sep 2008 18:31:51 +0100 1833937 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1833936&cid=s_37559_28_f&fid=37559&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18818155%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Pan WH, Yeh WT Metabolic risks are greater in Asians than Caucasians at a given body mass index (BMI). It is generally accepted that the BMI cut-off points for defining overweight and obesity should be lower for Asians. However, the percent body fat at a given BMI and metabolic responses to fatness vary among the different ethnic groups in Asia. Therefore, roughly even-spaced multiple action points (i.e., BMIs of 23, 25, 27.5, 30, 32.5, 35 and 37.5) have been advocated for managing obesity in Asians. We propose here evidence-based ethnicity-specific action points for public awareness, screening, and treatment that take into consideration sensitivity, specificity, and positive/negative predictive values for cardiovascular disease and/or metabolic syndromes, which are the most p... Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1833936 Sat, 27 Sep 2008 18:31:51 +0100 1833936 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1833935&cid=s_37559_28_f&fid=37559&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18818156%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Mavoa HM, McCabe M This paper reviews literature between 1974 and 2007 that addresses the impact of sociocultural factors on reported patterns of eating, physical activity (activity) and body size of Tongans and indigenous Fijians (Fijians) in their countries of origin. There have been changes in diet (more imported and fewer traditional foods), activity (reduced, especially in urban settings), residence (rural-urban shift) and body size (increased obesity and at a younger age). The prevalence of overweight/obesity in Tongans and Fijians has increased rapidly over the last two decades and remains among the highest in the world (>80% in Tonga; >40% in Fiji), with more females reported to be obese than males. The few studies that investigated sociocultural influences on pa... Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1833935 Sat, 27 Sep 2008 18:31:51 +0100 1833935 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1833934&cid=s_37559_28_f&fid=37559&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18818157%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Soltan SS, Gibson RA The aim of this study was to determine the quantity of omega 3 (n-3) fatty acids in commonly consumed species of South Australian fish. Omega 3 fatty acids ranged from 17.7% to 53.7% of total fat with docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6n-3) as the major omega 3 fatty acid in all 26 species tested (range 9.5 % to 47.1% of total fat). The levels of total omega 6 (n-6) fatty acids ranged from 2.3% to 20.2% of total lipids, chiefly as arachidonic acid (AA, 20:4n-6). Fatty fish such as Gemfish, Atlantic Salmon and Swordfish were found to be good sources of omega-3 fatty acid (1360, 2252 and 2571 mg/100g fish respectively), while low fat fish such as Ling, Deep Sea Bream (Blue Warhou) and Blue Grenadier (0.5, 0.7 and 0.7% fat) had low levels of omega 3 fatty acid (2... Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1833934 Sat, 27 Sep 2008 18:31:51 +0100 1833934 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1833933&cid=s_37559_28_f&fid=37559&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18818158%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: McCarthy J, Barr D, Sinclair A Health authorities around the world advise 'limiting consumption of trans fatty acid', however in Australia the trans fatty acid (TFA) content is not required to be listed in the nutrition information panel unless a declaration or nutrient claim is made about fatty acids or cholesterol. Since there is limited knowledge about trans fatty acid levels in processed foods available in Australia, this study aimed to determine the levels of TFA in selected food items known to be sources of TFA from previously published studies. Food items (n=92) that contain vegetable oil and a total fat content greater than 5% were included. This criterion was used in conjunction with a review of similar studies where food items were found to contain high levels of tra... Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1833933 Sat, 27 Sep 2008 18:31:51 +0100 1833933 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1833932&cid=s_37559_28_f&fid=37559&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18818159%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Lee MS, Li HL, Hung TH, Chang HY, Yang FL, Wahlqvist ML In the early 20th Century, vitamin D was discovered and its Recommended Daily Allowance developed. However, average daily dietary intakes have not been reported until recently in the US. There are no food composi-tion and no intake data for vitamin D available in Taiwan. We have taken advantage of several population representative Nutrition and Health Surveys in Taiwan (NAHSIT) conducted from 1993 onwards of various age groups to examine this possibility systematically. Firstly, we collected and compiled the vitamin D content of foods from various sources to supplement the Taiwanese Food Composition Tables. Though these vitamin D data may not be fully representative of local food items, they serve as a reference point. Se... Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1833932 Sat, 27 Sep 2008 18:31:51 +0100 1833932 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1833931&cid=s_37559_28_f&fid=37559&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18818160%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, our results suggest that polyphenols in 200 g PSPL were bioavailable and could enhance antioxidant defense and decrease oxidative stress in young healthy people. PMID: 18818160 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition) Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1833931 Sat, 27 Sep 2008 18:31:51 +0100 1833931 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1833930&cid=s_37559_28_f&fid=37559&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18818161%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, this meta-analysis suggested that DAG was efficacious for reducing body weight compared with TAG and this effect was influenced by the daily dose. PMID: 18818161 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition) Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1833930 Sat, 27 Sep 2008 18:31:51 +0100 1833930 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1833929&cid=s_37559_28_f&fid=37559&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18818162%26dopt%3DAbstract This study aimed to determine valid waist circumference (WC) thresholds using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves for pediatric metabolic syndrome (MS) prediction and to compare validities between the thresholds derived from ROC curves and the WC cut-offs defined by International Diabetes Federation (IDF). Four hundred and sixty four males and 415 females, 10-18 years, who participated in the KNHNES 2005 were included. Subjects were classified as having pediatric MS when a high WC and >= 2 of the risk factors defined by IDF were present. High WC was defined using either IDF criterion (>=90th percentile for age and sex-specific WC based on Korean reference in adolescents 10-15 years of age, >=90cm in males and >=80cm in females 16-18 years of age) or age-adjusted WC t... Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1833929 Sat, 27 Sep 2008 18:31:51 +0100 1833929 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1833928&cid=s_37559_28_f&fid=37559&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18818163%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Lander RL, Enkhjargal T, Batjargal J, Bailey KB, Diouf S, Green TJ, Skeaff CM, Gibson RS Data on the prevalence of micronutrient deficiencies in children in Mongolia is limited. We therefore determined the prevalence of anaemia, iron deficiency anaemia (IDA), and deficiencies of iron, folate, vitamin A, zinc, selenium, and vitamin D among young Mongolian children. Anthropometry and non-fasting morning blood samples were collected from 243 children aged 6-36 months from 4 districts in Ulaanbaatar and 4 rural capitols for haemoglobin (Hb), serum ferritin, folate, retinol, zinc, selenium, and 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OHD) assays. Children with alpha-1-glycoprotein >1.2mg/L (n=27) indicative of chronic infection were excluded, except for folate, selenium, and 25-hydroxyvitamin D... Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1833928 Sat, 27 Sep 2008 18:31:51 +0100 1833928 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1833927&cid=s_37559_28_f&fid=37559&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18818164%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Shibata T, Murakami T, Nakagaki H, Narita N, Goshima M, Sugiyama T, Nishimuta M The present study aimed to evaluate in preschool children the intakes of Ca, Mg that possibly affect health and tooth formation and the intakes of K and Na that may affect lifestyle-related diseases. Information on dietary intake was collected from 90 preschool children (15 boys and 15 girls each in the 3-, 4- and 5-year old groups) on 3 separate days in the school fiscal year 1999 (April 1999 to March 2000) by the duplicate-diet technique. The Ca, Mg, K, and Na concentrations were determined by atomic absorption spectrometry using wet-ashed samples. The medians of mean daily intakes of Ca, Mg, K and Na in 3- to 5-year-old children were 432 mg, 110 mg, 1.18 g and 1.60 g, respectively, and no signif... Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1833927 Sat, 27 Sep 2008 18:31:51 +0100 1833927 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1833926&cid=s_37559_28_f&fid=37559&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18818165%26dopt%3DAbstract The objective of this study is to characterize the coverage of the Cambodian national vitamin A program among preschool children and to identify risk factors for not receiving vitamin A supplementation. The study subjects were preschool children and their families who participated in the 2005 Cambodian Demographic and Health Survey (CDHS), a nationally representative survey. Of 1,547 preschool children, aged 12-59 months, 42.8% received a vitamin A capsule within the last six months. There were no significant differences in paternal education, child age, fever within the last 2 weeks, stunting, underweight, or wasting between children who did or did not receive a vitamin A capsule. Maternal education of >=10 years (Odds Ratio [OR] 2.09, 95% Confidence Interval [CI] 1.02-4.29), 7-9 years... Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1833926 Sat, 27 Sep 2008 18:31:51 +0100 1833926 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1833925&cid=s_37559_28_f&fid=37559&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18818166%26dopt%3DAbstract We examined the relationships between urinary hepcidin, iron status indicators, hemoglobin, erythropoietin, alpha-1 acid glycoprotein, and C-reactive protein in a cross-sectional study conducted among 149 pregnant rural Bangladeshi women with biospecimens obtained during home visits. Urinary hepcidin was measured using surface-enhanced laser desorption/ ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Urinary hepcidin, as log(intensity per mmol/L creatinine), was correlated with log ferritin (r = 0.33, p <0.001), the transferrin receptor index (r = -0.22, p = 0.007), and log alpha-1 acid glycoprotein (r = 0.20, p = 0.01), but not hemoglobin (r = 0.07, p= 0.40), log transferrin receptor (r = -0.07, p = 0.41), log erythropoietin (r = -0.01, p = 0.88) or log C-reactive protein (r = 0.06, p = 0... Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1833925 Sat, 27 Sep 2008 18:31:51 +0100 1833925 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1833924&cid=s_37559_28_f&fid=37559&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18818167%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusions: This study extends our understanding of body shape dissatisfaction and its relationship with weight status in eastern cultures such as Taiwan. PMID: 18818167 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition) Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1833924 Sat, 27 Sep 2008 18:31:51 +0100 1833924 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1833923&cid=s_37559_28_f&fid=37559&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18818168%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Dewailly E, Suhas E, Mou Y, Dallaire R, Chateau-Degat L, Chansin R French Polynesians consume high quantities of fish and are therefore exposed to seafood-related contaminants such as mercury (Hg) or lead (Pb) and nutrients such as iodine, selenium and long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFAs). As the developing foetus is sensitive to contaminants and nutrients, a cross-sectional study was conducted in French Polynesia in 2005-2006 to assess prenatal exposure to contaminants and nutrients through fish consumption. Two hundred and forty one (241) delivering women originating from all islands of French Polynesia were recruited and agreed to answer questions on fish consumption and gave permission to collect umbilical cord blood for metals and nutrients analyses. All para... Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1833923 Sat, 27 Sep 2008 18:31:51 +0100 1833923 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1833922&cid=s_37559_28_f&fid=37559&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18818169%26dopt%3DAbstract This study estimated and compared the prevalence of the Metabolic Syndrome and its individual components in young adults (ages 20-39 years) in the US and Korea using 2003-2004 US and 2005 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data. The mean body mass index and rate of metabolic abnormalities in the US were significantly higher than in Korea. The prevalence of the Metabolic Syndrome in the US was nearly three times higher than in Korea using National Cholesterol Education Program-Adult Treatment Panel III and Inter-national Diabetes Federation criteria (21.6% vs. 6.9% and 23.0% vs. 6.9%, p <0.001). The prevalence of abdominal obesity, hyperglycemia, and hypertriglyceridemia was higher in the US while the prevalence of low high density lipoprotein-cholesterol level was h... Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1833922 Sat, 27 Sep 2008 18:31:51 +0100 1833922 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1833921&cid=s_37559_28_f&fid=37559&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18818170%26dopt%3DAbstract This study reports on data covering 6 months of television food advertising targeting children. Six out of seven of the Nation's commercial television networks participated (response rate = 85.7%). Based on reported timings of children's programmes, prime time significantly differed ( p <0.05) between weekdays (mean = 1.89 +/- 0.18 hr) and weekends (mean = 4.61 +/- 0.33 hr). The increased trend during weekends, school vacation and Ramadhan was evident. Over the six-month period, the mean number of food advertisements appearing per month varied greatly between television stations (C = 1104; D = 643; F = 407; B = 327; A = 59; E = 47). Food advertising also increased the most in September (n = 3158), followed by July (n = 2770), August (n = 2431), October (n = 2291), November (n = 2245) an... Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1833921 Sat, 27 Sep 2008 18:31:51 +0100 1833921 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1833920&cid=s_37559_28_f&fid=37559&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18818171%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, there is a strong positive relationship between higher BMI and increased medical care expenditure and this varies according to sex, age and socioeconomic status. Our findings suggest that projections of future health care costs attributable to obesity will need to take into consideration the demographic make-up of the obese population. PMID: 18818171 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition) Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1833920 Sat, 27 Sep 2008 18:31:51 +0100 1833920 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1833919&cid=s_37559_28_f&fid=37559&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18818172%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusion: The high prevalence of the metabolic syndrome and anaemia in the area show the urgent need to develop comprehensive strategies aimed at prevention and treatment. In women this coexistence may be related to inflammation but further research is needed. PMID: 18818172 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition) Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1833919 Sat, 27 Sep 2008 18:31:51 +0100 1833919 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1833918&cid=s_37559_28_f&fid=37559&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18818173%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, this study demonstrates that Chinese men and women with type 2 diabetes following an integrated intervention program including diabetes education, frequent blood glucose monitoring and daily use of a diabetes-specific meal replacement, can achieve significant improvements in glycemic control and markers of cardiovascular health. PMID: 18818173 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition) Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1833918 Sat, 27 Sep 2008 18:31:51 +0100 1833918 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1833917&cid=s_37559_28_f&fid=37559&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18818174%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Yokoyama T, Suwa K, Yamasaki F, Yokoyama R, Yamashita K, Sellden E The effect of glucose infusion during surgery on glucose metabolism has not been investigated sufficiently. We, therefore, examined the effect after the infusion of 1% glucose acetated Ringer solution containing Mg2+ during surgery on ketogenesis and serum Mg2+ concentrations. Patients, classified as ASA I-II, age 51-80 years, were randomly assigned to receive infusion of acetated Ringer solution. The G/Mg group received infusion with 1% glucose, Na+ 140mEq/L, Mg2+ 2 mEq/L, and the C group received infusion with glucose free solution containing Na+ 130 mEq/L without Mg2+. Both solutions were infused at a rate of 25 mL/kg for the first hour, and main-tained at 4 mL/kg/hr thereafter. Blood samples were collected ... Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1833917 Sat, 27 Sep 2008 18:31:51 +0100 1833917 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1833916&cid=s_37559_28_f&fid=37559&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18818175%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Amarra MS, Yee YB, Drewnowski A Food consumption patterns in Asia are rapidly changing. Urbanization and changing lifestyles have diminished the consumption of traditional meals based on cereals, vegetables and root crops. These changes are accompa-nied by an increasing prevalence of chronic diseases among Asian populations. ILSI Southeast Asia and CSIRO, Australia jointly organized the Symposium on Understanding and Influencing Food Behaviours for Health, focusing on the use of consumer science to improve food behaviour. The goals of the Symposium were to present an understanding of Asian consumers and their food choices, examine the use of consumer research to modify food choices towards better health, illustrate how health programs and food regulations can be utilized effec... Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1833916 Sat, 27 Sep 2008 18:31:51 +0100 1833916 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1833915&cid=s_37559_28_f&fid=37559&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18818176%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Florentino RF The 2nd International Conference on East-West Perspective on Functional Foods held in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, on November, 2007, discussed the current work on some traditional Asian foods and new technologies that offer both challenges and opportunities for functional foods. The highlight of the conference was on the current regulatory status of nutrition and health claims related to functional foods and the experiences in some countries on the substantiation of claims. Attention was also given to strategies for effective communication of functional foods to consumers. The conference concluded with recommendations to strengthen R and D efforts and harmonization of protocols and methodologies on functional foods within the region. PMID: 18818176 [PubMed - in p... Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1833915 Sat, 27 Sep 2008 18:31:51 +0100 1833915 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1727198&cid=s_37559_28_f&fid=37559&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18460436%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Hubbard VS The compilations of papers derived from the presentations at the 2nd Asian Network Symposium that are published concurrently in this issue offer an opportunity for the reader to gain a better understanding of the processes used for the development of country-specific nutrient reference intake recommendations and national dietary guidelines. This commentary offers a perspective of lessons learned from both the similarities and differences of approaches used among the Asian countries. Additionally, selected comparisons are made to actions and considerations related to nutrient requirements and national guidelines within the United States. It is hoped that continued dialogue among different countries on these topics should further harmonization of nutritional recommend... Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1727198 Sat, 23 Aug 2008 19:27:57 +0100 1727198 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1727197&cid=s_37559_28_f&fid=37559&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18460437%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Melby MK, Utsugi M, Miyoshi M, Watanabe S The nutritional needs of Asian populations have changed dramatically in the last century. The role of nutrition, not only in preventing diseases associated with deficiency, but also in preventing lifestyle diseases such as cardiovascular disease and cancer, has become increasingly clear. Japan established the world's first nutrition institute almost 100 years ago, and initially focused on combating malnutrition and food insecurity. The current focus is prevention of lifestyle diseases, and along with revised dietary reference intakes, Japan has launched a program of Shokuiku (eating education) for children and families. As developing countries are simultaneously facing continuing undernutrition and increasing obesity and lifestyle dise... Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1727197 Sat, 23 Aug 2008 19:27:57 +0100 1727197 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1727196&cid=s_37559_28_f&fid=37559&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18460438%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Barba CV, Cabrera MI The Food and Nutrition Research Institute (FNRI) of the Department of Science and Technology (DOST), as in the past, led the review and revision of the 1989 Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDAs) for Filipinos, a vital and essential tool recognized in the nutrition and health community as the source of information on recommended energy and nutrient intakes for the maintenance of good health. This set of dietary standards is periodically evaluated and updated to keep pace with new knowledge on energy and nutrient requirements and metabolism. The set of updated standards is now called Recommended Energy and Nutrient Intakes (RENIs), defined as levels of intakes of energy and nutrients which, on the basis of current scientific knowledge, are considered adequat... Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1727196 Sat, 23 Aug 2008 19:27:57 +0100 1727196 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1727195&cid=s_37559_28_f&fid=37559&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18460439%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Barba CV, Cabrera MI Issues and opportunities for RDA harmonization within the SEA region were first raised during the First Regional Forum and Workshop "RDAs: Scientific Basis and Future Directions", held in Singapore in March 1997. A regional review on RDAs in SEA showed general similarities for the different RDAs, although in some cases a country listed an exceptionally high or low RDA for a particular nutrient for a specific group. It also revealed differences in physiologic groupings and reference body weights, nutrients included and units of expression. Realizing these differences in RDA components between countries which makes technical composition different, a consensus on the need for regional collaboration and harmonization of RDAs was reached by participants from In... Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1727195 Sat, 23 Aug 2008 19:27:57 +0100 1727195 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1727194&cid=s_37559_28_f&fid=37559&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18460440%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Khan NC, Hoan PV It has been well acknowledged that Vietnam is undergoing a nutrition transition. With a rapid change in the country's reform and economic growth, food supply at the macronutrient level has improved. Changes of the Vietnamese diet include significantly more foods of animal origin, and an increase of fat/oils, and ripe fruits. Consequently, nutritional problems in Vietnam now include not only malnutrition but also overweight/obesity, metabolic syndrome and other chronic diseases related to nutrition and lifestyles. The recognition of these shifts, which is also associated with morbidity and mortality, was a major factor in the need to review and update the Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDA) for the Vietnamese population. This revised RDA established an importa... Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1727194 Sat, 23 Aug 2008 19:27:57 +0100 1727194 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1727193&cid=s_37559_28_f&fid=37559&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18460441%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Paik HY For more than 40 years, Recommended Dietary Allowances for Koreans (KRDA) were used as references for nutrient intake. In 2002, the Korean Nutrition Society organized a committee to revise the KRDA, which were transformed into the new Dietary Reference Intakes for Koreans (KDRIs) in 2005. KDRIs include Estimated Average Requirements (EAR), Recommended Intake (RI), Adequate Intake (AI) and Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL) for protein, essential amino acids and micronutrients, Estimated Energy Requirement (EER) for energy and Acceptable Macronutrients Distribution Ranges (AMDR) for macronutrients. Evidence-based methods were used to determine the reference value (s) and the levels of nutrient intake for each nutrient. The KDRIs expanded significantly the number of nutri... Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1727193 Sat, 23 Aug 2008 19:27:57 +0100 1727193 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1727192&cid=s_37559_28_f&fid=37559&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18460442%26dopt%3DAbstract This report (DRI-J) is the first dietary guidance in Japan, which applied evidence-based approach utilizing a systematic review process. Only a few articles from within Japan and other Asian countries could be used for its establishment. The project to establish the DRI-J revealed a severe lack of researchers and publications focused upon establishing DRIs for Japanese. Further review is therefore required in preparation for the next revision scheduled in 2010. PMID: 18460442 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition) Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1727192 Sat, 23 Aug 2008 19:27:57 +0100 1727192 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1727191&cid=s_37559_28_f&fid=37559&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18460443%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Udagawa K, Miyoshi M, Yoshiike N This paper provides a review of the mid-term evaluation of "Health Japan 21" and dis-cusses the status of progress towards the goals of items within the "Nutrition and diet" area. Among 14 items investigated, an improving trend was observed in eight items, though there was no improvement in five items. Whilst the percentage of obese individuals significantly increased during the 25 years from 1976 to 1999, secular trend showed that it has become unchanged since 2000, when "Health Japan 21" was enacted, regardless of gender and age. Another favorable finding was a decreasing trend of salt intake especially in the age group of 50-59 years. Besides, the analyses of the proportion of the persons "who have interest in dietary improvement" among the ... Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1727191 Sat, 23 Aug 2008 19:27:57 +0100 1727191 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1588599&cid=s_37559_28_f&fid=37559&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18296312%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Purushothaman V, M A, Tsou SC, S S Iron deficiency anaemia is a major public health problem. The high incidence is either due to insufficient intake of iron or poor bio availability. Enhancing the bio availability is as important as increasing the intake. The absorption could be enhanced by including ascorbic acid and beta carotene containing fruits and vegetables into recipes of iron containing food preparations. The effect of supplementation of iron bio-availability enhanced mung bean preparations was studied on 75 women who were compared against 75 who served as controls and another 75 who consumed regular traditional recipes. The methodology included identification of suitable mung bean variety, assessing iron in vitro bio availability, mapping the anaemic women, estimatin... Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1588599 Mon, 07 Jul 2008 18:08:11 +0100 1588599 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1588598&cid=s_37559_28_f&fid=37559&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18296313%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Allen LH The main dietary sources of micronutrients are animal source foods, fruits, vegetables and legumes. Animal source foods are the only source of some micronutrients and the main dietary source of others. Micronutrient status and child development are improved by animal source food interventions in populations that habitually consume low amounts. Of particular concern is the high global prevalence of vitamin B12 depletion, which is associated with low animal source food intake. Some fruits and vegetables can supply vitamin A requirements even with the lower amounts of fat typically consumed in many countries. However, plant source foods are unlikely to supply enough iron, zinc and vitamin B12, even if strategies such as consuming ascorbic-acid rich foods to increase iron... Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1588598 Mon, 07 Jul 2008 18:08:11 +0100 1588598