MedWorm.com provides a medical RSS filtering service. Over 6000 RSS medical sources are combined and output via different filters. This feed contains the latest items from the 'Attachment and Human Development' source. Sat, 10 Oct 2009 19:28:13 +0100 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2611731&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19603299%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Chango JM, McElhaney KB, Allen JP The current study examined the moderating effects of observed conflict management styles with friends on the link between adolescents' preoccupied attachment organization and changing levels of depressive symptoms from age 13 to age 18 years. Adolescents and their close friends were observed during a revealed differences task, and friends' behaviors were coded for both conflict avoidance and overpersonalizing attacks. Results indicated that preoccupied adolescents showed greater relative increases in depressive symptoms when their friends demonstrated overpersonalizing behaviors, vs. greater relative decreases in depressive symptoms when their friends avoided conflict by deferring to them. Results suggest the exquisite sensitivity of preoccupi... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2611731 Tue, 30 Jun 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2611731 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2611730&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19603300%26dopt%3DAbstract This study examined associations between mother-infant nighttime interactions and mother-infant attachment when infants were 12 months old. Forty-four mother-infant pairs participated in this study. For three consecutive nights at home, babies were observed in their cribs using a digital video system. Mothers reported on their nighttime interactions with their babies using a self-report diary and completed a questionnaire regarding child temperament. Attachment was assessed in the Strange Situation (Ainsworth, Blehar, Waters, & Wall, 1978). Mothers of securely attached infants had nighttime interactions that were generally more consistent, sensitive and responsive than those of insecurely attached infants. Specifically, in secure dyads, mothers generally picked up and soothed infants w... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2611730 Tue, 30 Jun 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2611730 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2611729&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19603301%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Nedelisky A, Steele M People with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) who hoard have been posited to have an atypical emotional attachment to the inanimate objects that they pathologically accumulate, yet this hypothesis has not been formally examined using methodology from the attachment field. To explore this hypothesis, attachment to people and to inanimate objects was assessed in 30 individuals with OCD (n = 14 hoarders, n = 16 non-hoarders). Attachment was assessed using standard measures of interpersonal attachment: the Reciprocal Attachment Questionnaire and the Five Minute Speech Statement. These measures were adapted to evaluate inanimate object attachment as well. The data provides preliminary evidence that individuals who hoard report significantly higher levels of ... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2611729 Tue, 30 Jun 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2611729 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2611728&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19603302%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Granqvist P, Fransson M, Hagekull B In this paper, we present a theoretical model and an empirical review linking disorganized attachment with New Age spiritual beliefs and activities via a proposed mediator; the propensity to enter altered states of consciousness (absorption/dissociation). Utilizing a prospective longitudinal design (N = 62), an empirical test of the mediational model is also provided for illustrational purposes. More specifically, we tested if unresolved/disorganized (U/d) attachment scores, as identified via the Adult Attachment Interview at the first assessment point, predicted New Age spirituality 3 years later, and whether this link was mediated by absorption. Results supported the mediational model, although the bivariate relation between U/d attachment... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2611728 Tue, 30 Jun 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2611728 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2611727&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19603303%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Barone L, Guiducci V Mental representations of attachment in a sample of adults with Eating Disorders (ED) were assessed using the Adult Attachment Interview (AAI). Sixty subjects participated in the study: 30 non-clinical and 30 clinical. The results obtained showed a specific distribution of attachment patterns in the clinical sample: 10% Free/Autonomous (F), 47% Insecure-Dismissing (Ds), 17% Insecure-Entangled/Preoccupied (E) and about 26% disorganized (CC/U). The two samples differed in their attachment pattern distribution and were significantly different on some coding system scales. Further information was obtained by analyzing differences between the three ED subtypes considered (i.e. Anorexia Nervosa, Bulimia Nervosa and Binge Eating Disorder) and by investigating the... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2611727 Tue, 30 Jun 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2611727 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2477871&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19455453%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Bakermans-Kranenburg MJ, van IJzendoorn MH More than 200 adult attachment representation studies, presenting more than 10,500 Adult Attachment Interview (AAI; George, Kaplan, & Main, 1985) classifications, have been conducted in the past 25 years. In a series of analyses on the distributions of the AAI classifications in various cultural and age groups, fathers, and high-risk and clinical samples, we used the distribution of the combined samples of North American non-clinical mothers (23% dismissing, 58% secure, 19% preoccupied attachment representations, and 18% additionally coded for unresolved loss or other trauma) to examine deviations from this normative pattern, through multinomial tests and analyses of correspondence. The analyses were restricted to AAI classificati... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2477871 Fri, 01 May 2009 04:00:00 +0100 2477871 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2477868&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19455454%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, the present study provided the first validity data for an observational measure of disorganization and control in middle childhood. PMID: 19455454 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Attachment and Human Development) Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2477868 Fri, 01 May 2009 04:00:00 +0100 2477868 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2477867&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19455455%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Finger B, Hans SL, Bernstein VJ, Cox SM This project examined interrelations between father-mother conflict, father support of mother, maternal behavior, and infant-mother attachment within a sample of 79 African American families living in a highly stressed urban community. Father support of mother was not related to maternal parenting behavior or infant attachment. Conflicted mother-father relationships were associated with problematic maternal behavior, low maternal sensitivity, infant attachment insecurity, and infant attachment disorganization. The associations between parental conflict and both infant attachment disorganization and insecurity were buffered in families in which fathers co-resided with the mother. Consistent with theory and prior research, links were also ... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2477867 Fri, 01 May 2009 04:00:00 +0100 2477867 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2477754&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19455456%26dopt%3DAbstract This study compares attachment representations (Family Attachment Interview; Bartholomew & Horowitz, 1991) of three groups of substance abusers and non-clinical controls. Heroin abusers (N = 22) were mainly fearful-avoidant, ecstasy abusers (N = 31) were preoccupied, fearful-avoidant and dismissing-avoidant, cannabis abusers (N = 19) were mainly dismissing and secure, and controls (N = 22) were mainly secure. Groups did differ in their level of psychosocial functioning (GAF) (cannabis > ecstasy > opioids). Differences in attachment prevailed when GAF was controlled. Based on the self-medication hypothesis we understand the preferences for specific substances to be influenced by specific attachment strategies. Heroin seems to be used as an emotional substitute for lacking coping s... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2477754 Fri, 01 May 2009 04:00:00 +0100 2477754 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2242705&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19266362%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: van der Horst FC, van der Veer R It is generally believed that the work of Bowlby and Robertson was new and decisive in changing the hospital conditions for young children. The fact that parents in the UK and other European countries can now visit their sick child at any time they wish or even room-in is attributed to an acquaintance with Bowlby's findings and Robertson's well-known films about the potentially detrimental effects of hospital stays for young children. In this paper we shall argue that this picture is incomplete and that, historically, things were rather more intricate. Bowlby and Robertson were neither the first nor the only researchers who tried to change hospital policies. Moreover, the older hospital policies were not uniformly bad. Long before Bowlby and Ro... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2242705 Sun, 01 Mar 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2242705 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2242703&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19266363%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Stacks AM, Oshio T The relationships among social skills, dysregulation of symbolic representations of attachment, and school readiness were examined. Participants were 74 preschool children from low-income families in Midwest America. Attachment representations and dysregulation of symbolic representations of attachment were assessed using a story completion task (George & Solomon, 2000) and teachers completed a survey of child behavior, which was used to assess social skills and school readiness skills. Dysregulated content in children's narratives and social skills were significant negative correlates of school readiness. There was also a marginally significant negative association between defensive dysregulation and school readiness skills for children classified as di... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2242703 Sun, 01 Mar 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2242703 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2242701&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19266364%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Fossati A, Acquarini E, Feeney JA, Borroni S, Grazioli F, Giarolli LE, Franciosi G, Maffei C The aims of this study were to develop a new measure of impulsive aggressiveness, and to assess whether this measure was associated with deficits in mentalized affectivity and adult attachment styles in a sample of 637 non-clinical participants. Extending Fonagy and Bateman's (2004) hypothesis, the mediating role of poor affectivity mentalization in the relationship between insecure attachment styles and impulsive aggression was also evaluated. Selected insecure attachment styles (R2(adjusted) = .18, p < .001) and deficits in mentalized affectivity (R(2)(adjusted) = .25, p < .001) were significantly associated with impulsive aggressiveness. The overall regression model accounted ... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2242701 Sun, 01 Mar 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2242701 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2242700&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19266365%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Carr A, Flanagan E, Dooley B, Fitzpatrick M, Flanagan-Howard R, Shevlin M, Tierney K, White M, Daly M, Egan J Two hundred and forty seven survivors of institutional abuse in Ireland were classified with the Experiences in Close Relationships Inventory as having fearful (44%), preoccupied (13%), dismissive (27%), or secure (17%) adult attachment styles. The group with the secure adult attachment style had the most positive profile, while the most negative profile occurred for the fearful group in terms of DSM IV diagnoses and scores on the Trauma Symptom Inventory, the Global Assessment of Functioning Scale, the World Health Organization Quality of Life 100 scale, and the Kansas Marital Satisfaction Scale. The profile of the preoccupied group was more similar to that of the fea... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2242700 Sun, 01 Mar 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2242700 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2242699&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19266366%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Merz EM, Consedine NS The current study examines the association between family support and wellbeing in the elderly, paying particular attention to the possible moderating role of attachment style. Data from a community-dwelling, ethnically diverse, elderly sample (N = 1118) were analyzed to determine the best linear combination of emotional support, instrumental support, and attachment styles predicting wellbeing. Emotional support generally was associated with higher wellbeing whereas instrumental support was related to decreased wellbeing. As expected, however, these associations were qualified by attachment style. Receiving emotional support had stronger positive and instrumental support less negative effects on the wellbeing of elderly individuals with higher attachment ... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2242699 Sun, 01 Mar 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2242699 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2168833&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19197700%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Cowan PA, Cowan CP PMID: 19197700 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Attachment and Human Development) Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2168833 Thu, 01 Jan 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2168833 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2168832&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19197701%26dopt%3DAbstract This study focused on maternal adult attachment with respect to family of origin experiences (assessed using the Adult Attachment Interview) as well as maternal marital attachment (assessed using the Marital Attachment Interview), both obtained during the prenatal period, to evaluate the extent to which accounting for family interaction patterns helps to elucidate links between mothers' adult attachment and children's attachment security. This conceptualization begins to address the complex nature of attachment within the family context, and findings suggest that family process (marital and family unit relationships) is an important mechanism to examine as a link between adult attachment and child outcomes. PMID: 19197701 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Attachment and Human Development) Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2168832 Thu, 01 Jan 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2168832 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2168831&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19197702%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Cowan PA, Cowan CP, Mehta N Most attachment theorists assume that parenting style is the central mechanism linking the quality of parents' attachment with their parents and adaptation in their children. Outside the attachment tradition, family risk models assume that many family factors affect children's adaptation, chief among them being couple relationship quality. The present study tests an integrated model that considers both theoretical and empirical links between attachment theory and family risk research. Seventy-three fathers and mothers whose first child was about to make the transition to elementary school were administered the Adult Attachment Interview and a new Couple Attachment Interview. The parents were also observed in separate visits during kindergarten year ... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2168831 Thu, 01 Jan 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2168831 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2168830&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19197703%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Woodhouse SS, Dykas MJ, Cassidy J The present study examined three sets of questions about secure base provision in the context of the family, including (1) relations between inter-parental perceptions of secure base provision and parents' adult romantic attachment and marital satisfaction, (2) interrelations among family members' perception of secure base provision, and (3) links between both adolescents' and parents' perceptions of secure base provision and adolescent symptoms. Participants were 189 adolescents from two-parent families (mean age = 17 years; 118 girls) and their parents. We found partial support for theorized links between perceptions of spousal secure base provision and spousal romantic attachment, as well as full support for expected associations between se... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2168830 Thu, 01 Jan 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2168830 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2168829&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19197704%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Bifulco A, Moran P, Jacobs C, Bunn A An intergenerational study examined mothers' insecure attachment style using the Attachment Style Interview (ASI; Bifulco et al., 2002a) in relation to her history of partner relationships, her parenting competence, and depression or anxiety disorder in her offspring. The sample comprised 146 high-risk, mother-adolescent offspring pairs in London, who were recruited on the basis of the mothers' psychosocial vulnerability for depression. Retrospective, biographical, and clinical interviews were undertaken independently with mother and offspring. A path model was developed, which showed that mothers' insecure attachment style had no direct link to either recalled child neglect/abuse or currently assessed disorder in their adolescent and young... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2168829 Thu, 01 Jan 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2168829 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2168828&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19197705%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Crowell JA, Treboux D, Brockmeyer S The purpose of this study was to explore adult attachment as a means of understanding the intergenerational transmission of divorce, that is, the propensity for the children of divorce to end their own marriages. Participants included 157 couples assessed 3 months prior to their weddings and 6 years later. Participants completed the Adult Attachment Interview and questionnaires about their relationships, and were videotaped with their partners in a couple interaction task. Results indicated that, in this sample, adult children of divorce were not more likely to divorce within the first 6 years of marriage. However, parental divorce increased the likelihood of having an insecure adult attachment status. For women, age at the time of their par... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2168828 Thu, 01 Jan 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2168828 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2168827&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19197706%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: George C This commentary examines papers in this special issue on couple attachment from the behavioral systems perspective that serves as the foundation of John Bowlby's attachment theory. PMID: 19197706 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Attachment and Human Development) Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2168827 Thu, 01 Jan 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2168827 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2168826&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19197707%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Clulow C No simple, direct equations can be drawn between attachment security and outcomes for children from the research presented in this special issue. Instead, a more complex picture emerges, and one that is likely to be convincing to clinicians. Psychotherapists, whose clinical gaze is drawn to relationship process rather than behavioral category and who need no convincing about the power of one person's subjective realities to shape those of others, will be drawn to the essentially relational conclusions of the research. This commentary observes the studies in this volume through the lens of couple psychotherapy, and suggests ways in which empirical research and clinical practice can enrich each other. In particular, it highlights the significance of the relationship bet... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2168826 Thu, 01 Jan 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2168826 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1970544&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19016046%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Thompson RA Bowlby's concept of mental working models of self, attachment figures, and the social world has been theoretically generative as a bridge between early relational experience and the beliefs and expectations that color later relationships. Contemporary attachment researchers, following his example, are applying new knowledge of children's conceptual development to their study of attachment-related mental representations in children and adults. The contributors to this special issue highlight recent advances in how the mental representations arising from attachment security should be conceptualized and studied, and identify a number of important directions for future work. This paper introduces the special issue by summarizing the major ideas of Bowlby and his follow... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1970544 Wed, 19 Nov 2008 16:22:32 +0100 1970544 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1970543&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19016047%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Raikes HA, Thompson RA Early emotional understanding is fostered by mother-child conversation in which mothers elaboratively enhance children's understanding. Little is known of the broader relational and risk factors influencing maternal discourse style, how discourse content and quality are associated with children's emotion language, and how these predict emotion understanding. In this longitudinal study of a high-risk sample, attachment security and family risks were assessed when children were 2 years old. One year later, observations of mother-child emotion conversation yielded measures of maternal discourse content and quality, and children's emotion words and emotion labels. Child emotion understanding was independently assessed one year later as well. Central findings... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1970543 Wed, 19 Nov 2008 16:22:28 +0100 1970543 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1970542&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19016048%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Steele H, Steele M, Croft C This paper reports on findings from a sample of 63 children at 6 years old, and 49 children at 11 years old, all from the same cohort who had been observed with mother in the Strange Situation at 1-year-old. At 6 and 11 years, the children responded to the task of providing verbal labels for line-drawn (caricatures of) emotion faces. The faces comprised the six basic emotions identified as such by Darwin (sadness, happiness, anger, fear, surprise, and disgust) as well as a neutral face and two more complex (blended) emotions (mischievousness and disappointment). Infant-mother attachment was linked significantly with children's emotion judgments 5 years and, to a lesser extent, 10 years after the Strange Situation assessment. Results are discussed in... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1970542 Wed, 19 Nov 2008 16:22:25 +0100 1970542 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1970541&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19016049%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Delius A, Bovenschen I, Spangler G This investigation focuses on the ontogeny of the inner working model (IWM) of attachment during preschool age, specifically on preschoolers' knowledge about children's and caregivers' behavioral options in attachment-related situations. The study included two cross-sectional samples of children between 3 and 6 (N = 86) and 3 and 7 years (N = 95), respectively. Children's knowledge was assessed using a picture book with attachment-related stories. Findings show an increase of attachment-related knowledge with the most rapid changes from 4 to 5 years. Moreover, children had more profound knowledge about their own behavior than about their mother's behavior and only restricted knowledge about behavior of other parent-child dyads. Regarding the ... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1970541 Wed, 19 Nov 2008 16:22:22 +0100 1970541 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1970540&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19016050%26dopt%3DAbstract This study examines the influence of mother-child and family interactions on the development of child attachment representations in middle childhood for a sample of 49 families. Mother-child interactions were observed during a snacktime in a lab setting (Moss, Rousseau, Parent, St-Laurent, & Saintonge, 1998) when children were 5-6 years old. Three years later, children's attachment representations were assessed using a doll play narrative procedure (Solomon, George, & DeJong, 1995) in the lab setting. Within 6 months of the second lab visit, family interactions were filmed during mealtime and coded using the Mealtime Interaction Coding System (MICS; Dickstein, Hayden, Schiller, Seifer, & San Antonio, 1994). Results showed clear differences between attachment groups on quality o... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1970540 Wed, 19 Nov 2008 16:22:18 +0100 1970540 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1970539&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19016051%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Goodvin R, Meyer S, Thompson RA, Hayes R Although studies document that young children perceive themselves in psychologically-relevant ways, much remains to be understood about early self-concept development and how it is influenced by relational experience. This longitudinal study examines stability and change in the self-understanding of preschoolers, and its relation to children's security of attachment and maternal negative affect. Thirty-three children were studied with their mothers at ages 4 and 5; children's self-perceptions, attachment security, and maternal negative affect were assessed at each age. Secure attachment at 4 years old was associated with more positive self-concept at 5 years old (even with security at age 5 controlled), and secure children were more con... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1970539 Wed, 19 Nov 2008 16:22:14 +0100 1970539 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1970538&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19016052%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Reese E The role of maternal attachment representations in mother-child reminiscing and children's self concept was assessed in a sample of 31 New Zealand mothers and their 5.5-year-old children. Mothers participated in the Adult Attachment Interview (AAI; Main, Goldwyn, & Hesse, 2002) and reminisced about everyday past events with their children. Children participated in the Children's Self View Questionnaire (Eder, 1990) to measure interpersonal and intrapersonal aspects of their self concept. Maternal coherence on the AAI was positively correlated with mothers' elaborative reminiscing and with interpersonal aspects of children's self concept. Mothers' states of mind with respect to attachment may enable open and elaborative reminiscing with their children, and may also ... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1970538 Wed, 19 Nov 2008 16:22:08 +0100 1970538 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1970537&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19016053%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Koren-Karie N, Oppenheim D, Getzler-Yosef R The study examined how mothers who were sexually abused as children guide conversations about emotional events with their children. We hypothesized that compared to mothers who were less resolved regarding their traumatic past, those who were more resolved would better guide such conversations. The dialogues of 33 mothers and their children were assessed using the Autobiographical Emotional Events Dialogue procedure (AEED; Koren-Karie, Oppenheim, Haimovich, & Etzion-Carasso, 2000) which yields three composite scores: Mothers' Sensitive Guidance, Child Cooperation and Exploration, and Coherent Narrative. Level of resolution of the trauma was assessed using the BLAAQ-U (Main, van IJzendoorn, & Hesse, 1993). Other measures perta... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1970537 Wed, 19 Nov 2008 16:21:55 +0100 1970537 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1925492&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18821335%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Steele H PMID: 18821335 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Attachment and Human Development) Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1925492 Mon, 01 Sep 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1925492 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1838467&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18821335%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Steele H PMID: 18821335 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Attachment and Human Development) Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1838467 Mon, 01 Sep 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1838467 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1838466&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18821336%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Friedman SL, Boyle DE This review paper presents and places in context findings from 23 manuscripts based on the data sets of the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) Study of Early Child Care and Youth Development (SECCYD). The NICHD study tracked the development of more than 1000 children from birth through age 15. The children were born across the USA to families that were diverse in terms of their economic, educational, and ethnic background. The children also varied in terms of the timing, extent, quality, and type of their child care experiences. The findings reported in this review paper pertain to (1) predictors of child-mother attachment; (2) links between child-mother attachment and children's developmental outcomes; and (3) methods for as... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1838466 Mon, 01 Sep 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1838466 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1838465&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18821337%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Vermeer HJ, Bakermans-Kranenburg MJ In this commentary to the child-mother attachment findings of the NICHD Study of Early Child Care and Youth Development (SECCYD) we focus on the contextual conditions under which child care and the child's attachment relationship(s) may function as a risk or protective factor for child development. First, the authors' conclusion concerning child care as a risk factor for attachment security is refined. Second, suggestions are provided for incorporating possible moderators and mediators of the relations between child care, child-mother attachment, and developmental outcomes. Children's attachment relationship to nonmaternal caregivers, their temperament, and their genetic make-up may be relevant factors; and we discuss them in the context of ... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1838465 Mon, 01 Sep 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1838465 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1838464&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18821338%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Aviezer O, Sagi-Schwartz A In this commentary to Friedman's and Boyle's review we focus on the context of early child care as it is reflected in the debate on the effects of quality of care versus amount of care and attachment relations. It is argued that cross-national research should be considered along with the NICHD Study of Early Child Care and Youth Development (SECCYD) in order to promote better understanding of the interface of attachment, child care, and context. In addition, some methodological issues are discussed including the status of the Strange Situation assessment, definition of non-maternal care, and longitudinal correlates of attachment. PMID: 18821338 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Attachment and Human Development) Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1838464 Mon, 01 Sep 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1838464 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1838463&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18821339%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Thompson RA The NICHD Early Child Care Research Network has produced research findings that provide reassuring confirmation of some central tenets of attachment theory, challenges to other aspects of the theory, and above all highlight the need for attachment researchers to clarify the claims for which the theory can be held accountable. This commentary on Friedman and Boyle's excellent review evaluates the strengths and weaknesses of the NICHD Study of Early Child Care and Youth Development as a study of attachment, and highlights the relevance of these findings for understanding the origins and consequences of attachment security, the problem of heterotypic continuity of the attachment construct, the importance of examining mediators and moderators of the developmental influ... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1838463 Mon, 01 Sep 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1838463 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1838462&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18821340%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Mills-Koonce WR, Gariepy JL, Sutton K, Cox MJ Hierarchical linear modeling was used to describe longitudinal relations between maternal sensitivity and depressive symptomatology for mothers of children with differing attachment classifications at 36 months of child age using data from the NICHD Study of Early Child Care. Attachment during toddlerhood was assessed using a modified Strange Situation Paradigm developed by the MacArthur Working Group on Attachment. On average, maternal sensitivity increased longitudinally from 6 to 36 months for groups with children classified as secure or resistant, but not for groups classified as avoidant or disorganized. Higher maternal depressive symptoms were associated with lower levels of sensitivity for all mothers, although this effect w... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1838462 Mon, 01 Sep 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1838462 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1838461&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18821341%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Raikes HA, Thompson RA The influence of early relational experience on later social understanding has evoked rich theoretical discussion but relatively little empirical inquiry. Enlisting data from the NICHD Study of Early Child Care and Youth Development, measures of the security of attachment in infancy, toddlerhood, and early childhood, together with measures of parenting quality (maternal sensitivity and depressive symptoms) gathered longitudinally throughout infancy and early childhood, were used to predict differences in children's thoughts and feelings about peers (i.e., social problem solving, negative attributional biases, aggressive solutions to ambiguous social situations, and self-reported loneliness) when children were 54 months and in first grade. Relational expe... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1838461 Mon, 01 Sep 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1838461 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1769790&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18773314%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Sagi-Schwartz A, van Ijzendoorn MH, Bakermans-Kranenburg MJ In a series of meta-analyses with the second generation of Holocaust survivors, no evidence for secondary traumatization was found (Van IJzendoorn, Bakermans-Kranenburg, & Sagi-Schwartz, 2003). With regard to third generation traumatization, various reports suggest the presence of intergenerational transmission of trauma. Some scholars argue that intergenerational transmission of trauma might skip a generation. Therefore, we focus in this study on the transmission of trauma to the third generation offspring (the grandchildren) of the first generation's traumatic Holocaust experiences (referred to as "tertiary traumatization"), and we present a narrative review of the pertinent studies. Meta-analytic results of 13 ... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1769790 Sun, 01 Jun 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1769790 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1769789&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18773315%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Dykas MJ, Ziv Y, Cassidy J The aim of this investigation was to examine whether adolescent attachment representation (as assessed using the Adult Attachment Interview) is linked to the quality of adolescents' peer relations (as assessed using a standard battery of peer-report instruments tapping adolescents' social behaviors, peer victimization, social acceptance, and sociometric status). As expected, secure/autonomous adolescents were more likely than insecure/dismissing adolescents to be perceived as behaving prosocially, and less likely to be perceived as aggressive, shy-withdrawn, and victimized by peers. Other findings indicated that insecure/dismissing adolescents, compared to secure/autonomous adolescents, were less likely to be socially accepted by their peers. In addi... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1769789 Sun, 01 Jun 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1769789 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1769788&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18773316%26dopt%3DAbstract This study assessed attachment security in adults with high-functioning autism spectrum disorders, using the Adult Attachment Interview (AAI; George, Kaplan, & Main, 1996). Of 20 participants, three were classified as securely attached, the same proportion as would be expected in a general clinical sample. Participants' AAIs were less coherent and lower in reflective function than those of controls, who were matched for attachment status and mood disorder. A parallel interview suggested that some aspects of participants' responses were influenced by their general discourse style, while other AAI scale scores appeared to reflect their state of mind with respect to attachment more specifically. There was little evidence that attachment security was related to IQ, autistic symptomatology ... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1769788 Sun, 01 Jun 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1769788 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1769787&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18773317%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Poehlmann J, Park J, Bouffiou L, Abrahams J, Shlafer R, Hahn E Children's representations of family relationships were examined in relation to grandparent responsivity and depression, family sociodemographic risks, and children's behavior problems in custodial grandparent families. Using multiple methods, data were collected from 79 families with children aged 3 to 7.5 years. In 37 families, children were raised by grandparents as the result of maternal incarceration and, in 42 families, children lived with grandparents because of other parental problems. Results indicated that children with representations of less optimal family relationships and children whose grandparents were less responsive to them at home were more likely to exhibit externalizing behavior problems. In ad... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1769787 Sun, 01 Jun 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1769787 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1769786&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18773318%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Monteiro L, Verissimo M, Vaughn BE, Santos AJ, Bost KK Relations between fathers' and mothers' representations of attachment (independently assessed using an attachment script representation task) and children's secure base behavior (assessed using the Attachment Q-sort; AQS) were studied in 56 Portuguese families (mean age of child = 31.9 months). Each parent's secure base script representation score predicted AQS security scores for the child with that parent at approximately equivalent degrees of association. However, both parental secure base script scores and AQS security scores were positively correlated across parents. A hierarchical regression predicting AQS security with father from both parent's scriptedness scores and from the AQS score with mother showed a unique, ... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1769786 Sun, 01 Jun 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1769786 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1769785&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18773319%26dopt%3DAbstract This study investigates long-term effects on adult attachment due to temporary childhood separation as a result of the British evacuation of children during World War 2. A total of 859 respondents, aged 62-72 years, were recruited who had childhood homes in the county of Kent during the war. Of these, 770 had been evacuated and 89 remained at home and formed a non-evacuated control group. They participated in this retrospective survey of possible associations between childhood experiences of the evacuation, early upbringing, and later life-course variables, with adult attachment style assessed by the Relationship Questionnaire (Bartholomew & Horowitz, 1991). Reflecting the wartime concerns of Bowlby, male and female respondents evacuated between the ages of 4 and 6 years showed low inc... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1769785 Sun, 01 Jun 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1769785 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1588706&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18351490%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Cohen DL, Belsky J Recent research indicating that roughly a third of the variation in female orgasmic frequency is heritable leaves a substantial amount of non-heritable variation to be explained. Given that emotion regulation is central to attachment theory and that attachment insecurity in infancy and avoidance in adulthood are not heritable, it was predicted that (higher levels of) avoidance would predict (lower levels of) female orgasmic frequency. Results of an Internet survey of 323 women (mean age = 24.39 years) proved consistent with this hypothesis. Results are discussed in terms of developmental influence on adult reproductive behavior, evolution, and the characteristics of the sample. PMID: 18351490 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Attachment and Human Developmen... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1588706 Sat, 01 Mar 2008 05:00:00 +0100 1588706 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1588705&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18351491%26dopt%3DAbstract This report was designed to clarify links among self-reports of psychiatric symptomatology, stress, and adult attachment insecurity, as operationalized using measures drawn from both the developmental and social psychological literatures. Based on a sample of 160 college students, this study demonstrated that insecurity reflected in the Adult Attachment Interview (AAI) was associated with self-reports of psychiatric symptomatology principally for individuals experiencing high levels of life stress (consistent with a diathesis-stress model) whereas self-reports of attachment-related avoidance and anxiety correlated robustly with psychopathology under conditions of both relatively high and low life stress (consistent with a risk model). Results provide further evidence that social psychologi... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1588705 Sat, 01 Mar 2008 05:00:00 +0100 1588705 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1588704&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18351492%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Macfie J, Fitzpatrick KL, Rivas EM, Cox MJ In role reversal a child takes an inappropriate parental, spousal, or peer role with the caregiver. The study assessed attachment disorganization with mother in infancy in the Strange Situation (Ainsworth, Blehar, Waters, & Wall, 1978) and role reversal at 2 years old in videotaped mother-child interactions. By closely observing role reversal at this early age, results fill in the picture concerning the link between disorganized infant-mother attachment and controlling role reversal at 6 years old (Main & Cassidy, 1988; Main, Kaplan, & Cassidy, 1985). As hypothesized, infant-mother disorganization significantly predicted mother-toddler role reversal. The study also deepened research that predicted role reversal from parent... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1588704 Sat, 01 Mar 2008 05:00:00 +0100 1588704 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1588703&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18351493%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Nye EC, Katzman J, Bell JB, Kilpatrick J, Brainard M, Haaland KY Attachment organization in a combat-related PTSD sample was investigated and compared with previously published clinical and non-clinical samples. The association between insecure attachment and unresolved mourning classification (U-loss) and between U-loss and PTSD symptoms was investigated. Vietnam combat veterans diagnosed with PTSD and in treatment (N = 48) were administered the Adult Attachment Interview, the SCID-IV, and CAPS. The PTSD sample was like non-clinical samples in the incidence of secure attachment (50%), but were more commonly unresolved. Veterans with insecure attachment organizations were more likely than those with secure attachment to be classified U-loss. U-loss classification was associate... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1588703 Sat, 01 Mar 2008 05:00:00 +0100 1588703 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1588702&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18351494%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: O'Connor M, Elklit A The aim of the present study was to examine the association between post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and adult attachment in a young adult population. A sample of 328 Danish students (mean age 29.2 years) from four different schools of intermediate education level were studied by the Harvard Trauma Questionnaire (HTQ), the Revised Adult Attachment Scale (RAAS), the Trauma Symptom Checklist (TSC), the Crisis Support Scale (CSS), the Coping Style Questionnaire (CSQ), and the World Assumption Scale (WAS). Attachment styles were associated with number of PTSD symptoms, negative affectivity, somatization, emotional coping, attributions, and social support. The distribution of attachment styles in relation to PTSD symptoms could be conceived as uni-dimensio... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1588702 Sat, 01 Mar 2008 05:00:00 +0100 1588702 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1588701&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18351495%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, the current study demonstrated that mothers' representational models are affected by cognitive distortions associated with depression, and these distortions interfere with a mother's capacity to interact sensitively with her child. PMID: 18351495 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Attachment and Human Development) Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1588701 Sat, 01 Mar 2008 05:00:00 +0100 1588701 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1588700&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18351496%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Zegers MA, Schuengel C, Van IJzendoorn MH, Janssens JM Attachment theory suggests that representations of previous attachment experiences may explain differences in psychosocial functioning. However, the nature of the association in clinical populations is unclear. Attachment representations were classified on the basis of Adult Attachment Interviews with 61 adolescents (13-20 years old; 70% female) admitted to a residential treatment institution. Group care workers rated their problem behavior. Compared to dismissing and autonomous adolescents and adolescents unresolved/disorganized with respect to trauma, adolescents with preoccupied attachment representations showed the highest levels of truancy and rule breaking, according to the institution's records, and externalizing be... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1588700 Sat, 01 Mar 2008 05:00:00 +0100 1588700 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1588724&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17852051%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Bowlby J From the 1950s, John Bowlby, one of the founders of attachment theory, was in personal and scientific contact with leading European scientists in the field of ethology (e.g., Niko Tinbergen, Konrad Lorenz, and especially Robert Hinde). In constructing his new theory on the nature of the bond between children and their caregivers, Bowlby profited highly from their new approach to (animal) behavior. Hinde and Tinbergen in their turn were influenced and inspired by Bowlby's new thinking. On the basis of extensive interviews with bowlby's colleague and lifelong friend Robert Hinde and on the basis of archival materials, both the relationship between John Bowlby and Robert Hinde and the cross-fertilization of ethology and attachment theory are described. PMID: 17852051... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1588724 Sat, 01 Dec 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1588724 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1588722&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18049928%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Kraemer S, Steele H, Holmes J PMID: 18049928 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Attachment and Human Development) Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1588722 Sat, 01 Dec 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1588722 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1588721&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18049929%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Bowlby R Babies and toddlers will have their attachment seeking response activated in the absence of the primary or a secondary attachment figure when they are in the presence of a stranger and in unfamiliar surroundings. Between the ages of about 6 months and 30 months, babies and toddlers can only terminate their attachment seeking response by reaching proximity to an attachment figure, and unless this can be achieved their attachment seeking response will remain unterminated. This is the experience of many babies and toddlers each day during certain forms of non-parental daycare. Day-care without access to a secondary attachment figure is more likely to be the case in group settings such as day-nurseries, than when care is provided by an individual carer such as a childmind... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1588721 Sat, 01 Dec 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1588721 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1588720&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18049930%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Stevenson-Hinde J The 100th anniversary of Edward John Mostyn Bowlby's birth (February 26th, 1907) was celebrated at the Tavistock Clinic in London by his family and colleagues, with presentations of ongoing research as well as reflections on both the person and his theory. My own reflections include the influence of ethological thinking on the development of attachment theory, Bowlby's focus on observations followed by explanation, his appreciation of emotional communication as well as behavior, and his recognition of the role of the family as well as the child/caregiver dyad. While always remaining open to new avenues of research, John Bowlby was firmly insistent on the precise use of attachment terminology, and quite rightly too! PMID: 18049930 [PubMed - indexed for MED... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1588720 Sat, 01 Dec 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1588720 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1588719&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18049931%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Clulow C The centenary of John Bowlby's birth provides a context for considering the policy, research and practice legacies that he left for practitioners working in many different fields supporting couples and families. Part historical, and part forwardlooking, this paper considers the links between attachment in the infant-parent dyad that was at the heart of Bowlby's concern and the nature of the affective ties that bind couples together in adult romantic relationships. An overview of the influence of his theory on family policy and adult attachment research is followed by an appreciation of its significance for the practice of couple psychotherapy. The paper concludes with a comment on the implications of current neuroscience knowledge for therapeutic technique. PMID: ... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1588719 Sat, 01 Dec 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1588719 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1588718&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18049932%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Rustin M Bowlby's best know work at the Tavistock Clinic is his foundational research into attachment relationships. This paper describes his other significant contributions, as a clinician interested in family dynamics and the impact of real events in the genesis of childhood anxieties, and as an institution builder in his role in establishing a psychoanalytically based training in Child Psychotherapy oriented towards public health. PMID: 18049932 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Attachment and Human Development) Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1588718 Sat, 01 Dec 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1588718 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1588717&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18049933%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Sable P This paper proposes that attachment theory, with its emphasis on stability and security, accentuates the positive aspects of affectional relationships and suggests a way to look at the process of adult psychotherapy. Attachment-based research has shown that positive attachment experiences are related to feelings of joy, comfort, and contentment throughout life. In contrast, experiences that are hurtful or traumatic, and especially if they are chronic or repeated, can have negative effects on thoughts and emotions as well as the body. In applying these findings to psychotherapy, the role of the therapist can be seen as providing a positive emotional experience within which to examine and gain a new perspective on the origins and development of distress. Through therapy,... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1588717 Sat, 01 Dec 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1588717 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1588716&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18049934%26dopt%3DAbstract This study extends existing research investigating sibling concordance on attachment by examining concordance for adult attachment in a sample of 126 genetically unrelated sibling pairs. The Adult Attachment Interview (George, Kaplan, & Main, 1985; Main, Goldwyn, & Hesse, 2003) was used to assess states of mind with regard to attachment. The average age of the participants was 39 years old. The distribution of attachment classifications was independent of adoptive status. Attachment concordance rates were unassociated with gender concordance and sibling age difference. Concordance for autonomous/non-autonomous classifications was significant at 61% as was concordance for primary classifications at 53%. The concordance rate for not-unresolved/unresolved was non-significant at 67%. O... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1588716 Sat, 01 Dec 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1588716 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1588715&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18049935%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Posada G, Kaloustian G, Richmond MK, Moreno AJ Bowlby and Ainsworth's theory of attachment poses that concurrent caregiving behavior is a key factor in influencing and maintaining a child's organization of secure-base behavior, and ultimately, security throughout childhood. Empirical demonstrations of the relation between the constructs after infancy are relatively scant and research is needed to examine the relation between the variables across a wide range of contexts, over longer observational periods, and in developmentally appropriate ways. Two studies of preschoolers and their mothers were conducted in naturalistic settings. Fifty child-mother middle-class dyads, predominantly Caucasian, participated in Study 1 and 40 in Study 2. The mean age for children was 52 months (... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1588715 Sat, 01 Dec 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1588715 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1588723&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18007959%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Schechter DS, Zygmunt A, Coates SW, Davies M, Trabka K, McCaw J, Kolodji A, Robinson J The aim of our study was to investigate the impact of maternal exposure to family violence, maltreatment, and related posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) on young children's mental representations of self and caregivers. Participant mothers (n=24) and children (n=25) were recruited from a referred sample when they were 4-7 years old. Maternal report and child story stem narratives were used. Mother's experience of domestic violence and severity of violence-related PTSD symptoms robustly predicted more dysregulated aggression, attentional bias to danger and distress, as well as more avoidance of and withdrawal from conflicts presented in the children's story stems. Less narrative coherence w... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1588723 Sat, 01 Sep 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1588723 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1588714&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18058429%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Robinson JL Story stem narrative methods have demonstrated reliability and validity as assessments of the young child's representations of parent - child and peer relationships. Most, but not all, prior research has been conducted with samples of typically developing children. Growing interest in the method from clinical researchers and child psychiatry clinics brings forward a number of critical issues in its use with children referred for severe behavioural disruption and mood disorder. This special issue of Attachment & Human Development provides a collection of papers that demonstrates some of the unique theoretical contributions of the method for clinical research. Practical aspects of using story stem methods with the referred child are also considered. PMID: 180... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1588714 Sat, 01 Sep 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1588714 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1588713&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18058430%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Green J, Stanley C, Peters S We investigated the relationship of child attachment representation, psychopathology, and maternal atypical parenting in a high risk sample. Sixty-one consecutive clinical referrals with externalizing disorder aged 4 - 9 years were assessed for attachment representations measured with Manchester Child Attachment Story Task (MCAST), atypical parental expressed emotion (EE), maternal mood, and parent and teacher ratings of child behaviour. Disorganized attachment representations were found in 58% of cases, independent of ADHD symptoms. Pervasive disorganization was associated with very high maternal EE. Attachment status, maternal depression, and ADHD diagnosis were independently associated with parent-rated child behaviour problems; teacher ratings ... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1588713 Sat, 01 Sep 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1588713 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1588712&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18058431%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study we examined whether antisocial boys show evidence of a reduced interpersonal interpretation of events (intentionality) specifically in story stem responses to social challenges that provoke fear and distress responses. Two conflict and two distress stems were administered to 5 - 8 year old boys, 41 referred for disruptive behaviour problems and 25 non-referred boys. Raters blind to group membership scored dysregulated aggression and intentionality from transcripts of story responses. Referred boys had elevated aggression and lower intentionality scores across all stems compared to non-referred. However, there was a story type by group interaction; referred boys had substantially lowered intentionality in response to the distress stems, but not the conflict stems. Avoidant str... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1588712 Sat, 01 Sep 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1588712 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1588711&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18058432%26dopt%3DAbstract This study examined diagnostic group differences in children's internal representations of their mothers and mothers' parenting strategies 1 year later. Mother - preschool child dyads (N = 279) were examined. The sample included 151 healthy, 75 depressed, and 53 disruptive disordered preschoolers. The MacArthur Story Stem Battery (MSSB) was administered at baseline. One year later, mothers' caregiving strategies were measured. Results indicated that higher depression severity was associated with preschoolers' greater use of negative and disciplinarian maternal representations. More positive maternal representations had supportive mothers who often expressed positive affect 1 year later. Preschoolers' negative and disciplinarian representations were associated with mothers' later nonsupport... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1588711 Sat, 01 Sep 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1588711 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1588710&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18058433%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, parents reported symptoms using standardized clinical interviews and story stems narratives were administered to 20 referred and 12 typically developing preschool age children. Comparison of the referred and typically developing children in our sample showed that specific story contexts varied in eliciting responses reflecting disorganization and thought disturbance from the referred children. The experience of using story stem narratives in the clinical assessment process suggests it provides a valuable complement to parent report for children referred for mood disturbance and mania symptoms but additional development and study of the method is necessary. PMID: 18058433 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Attachment and Human Development) Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1588710 Sat, 01 Sep 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1588710 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1588709&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18058434%26dopt%3DAbstract This study examined whether content and performance in story stem narratives were associated with children's social competence, and whether children's symptom levels moderated these associations. Five-year-old children from a clinically enriched Swiss sample completed eight stories (N = 187). Teachers rated children's social competence. Parents and teachers rated behavioral/emotional symptoms that were used to categorize children into clinical (n = 80), borderline (n = 31), and normal (n = 74). Controlling for gender and verbal competence, no differences were found in story responses between normal and clinical children. However, pro-social/moral and disciplinary themes, and coherence and quality of narration were significantly associated with children's social competence. The associations... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1588709 Sat, 01 Sep 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1588709 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1588708&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18058435%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Murray L Past research into doll play narratives has been productive in elucidating children's inner experiences, their determinants, and their role in child behaviour problems. The current volume takes this work forward in several directions: first, it indicates the value of designing story stems and coding schemes to address more specific questions about the developmental process of specific syndromes. Second, contributions demonstrate the "added value" provided by children's narratives, over and above information derived from other sources. Third, this recent research enhances our understanding of the role of parental representations and states of mind in influencing children's narratives; how these may come to influence child functioning via co-constructed parent - child d... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1588708 Sat, 01 Sep 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1588708 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1588707&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18058436%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Emde RN Narrative theory indicates that assessment using narratives is expectant, collaborative, and has the potential to begin a process of change. A shift from thinking exclusively about meaning (subjectivity in the child) to thinking also about shared meaning (intersubjectivity between child and clinician-examiner) seems appropriate in the clinical context. Recent knowledge from the cognitive neurosciences makes a shift of this sort compelling and has further implications. More story stem narrative research at the level of assessing individual children needs to be done so there can be explicit links to treatment. PMID: 18058436 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Attachment and Human Development) Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1588707 Sat, 01 Sep 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1588707 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1588729&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17508311%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Crawford TN, Shaver PR, Goldsmith HH Correlations between anxious attachment and neuroticism (usually about .40 to .50) prompt questions about whether self-reported anxious attachment captures a key construct in attachment theory or if it reflects a more general personality trait instead. A college sample of late adolescents and young adults (N = 287) was used to show that questionnaire measures of neuroticism and anxious attachment do not have a simple linear association; instead, neuroticism and anxious attachment have a more complex dynamic relationship that is moderated by avoidant attachment, an attachment style that reflects an interpersonally derived strategy for affect regulation. The association between neuroticism and anxious attachment is further moderated by consci... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1588729 Fri, 01 Jun 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1588729 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1588728&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17508312%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Schindler A, Thomasius R, Sack PM, Gemeinhardt B, Küstner U A new approach to assessing family attachment patterns is presented, using a composite measure of individual attachment representations based on the Bartholomew Attachment Interview. A cluster analysis yielded three different patterns in a sample of N = 37 families with a drug dependent adolescent (age 14 - 25) and both biological parents. A "triangulated" pattern (mothers: preoccupied; fathers: dismissing; adolescents: fearful) was found in 65% of the sample. A total of 19% showed an "insecure" pattern (mothers, fathers, and adolescents: fearful) and 16% a "near-secure" pattern (mothers and adolescents: secure; fathers preoccupied). Preliminary comparisons between these groups indicate differences in comorbid ps... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1588728 Fri, 01 Jun 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1588728 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1588727&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17508313%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Torgersen AM, Grova BK, Sommerstad R The hypothesis that attachment in adults is influenced by genetic factors was investigated. The within-pair differences in attachment representation in same-sex monozygotic and dizygotic twins were compared using the Adult Attachment Interview (AAI). The results showed a clear tendency toward monozygotic twins (n = 28) being more concordant than dizygotic twins (n = 13), but the within-pair similarity was also high in both zygosity groups. The results suggest, in behavior genetic terms, that heredity and shared environment may contribute to attachment status in adulthood. This differs from studies of attachment in infancy and early childhood, which report attachment to be explained mainly by shared environment, with minimal influence from g... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1588727 Fri, 01 Jun 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1588727 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1588726&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17508314%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Bailey HN, Moran G, Pederson DR Associations between unresolved attachment, abuse history, and a wide range of trauma-related symptomatology were examined in an at-risk sample (N = 62). Fifty percent reported severe childhood physical and/or sexual abuse. An independent trauma interview elicited more reports of childhood sexual abuse than the Adult Attachment Interview (AAI); conversely, the AAI elicited more reports of physical abuse. Childhood physical abuse, sexual abuse, and general maltreatment were associated with unresolved status. Furthermore, sexual abuse history and general maltreatment predicted unresolved loss, suggesting that they adversely affected the integration of other emotional and/or traumatic experiences. Women classified as Unresolved reported higher leve... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1588726 Fri, 01 Jun 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1588726 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1588725&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17508315%26dopt%3DAbstract This study investigated the impact of attachment style on the course of dementia-related problem behavior and caregivers' well-being over 2 years. A total of 116 married couples with one spouse suffering from dementia participated. Care recipients' and caregivers' attachment styles were assessed at the beginning of the study. Caregivers' well-being and care recipients' dementia-related problem behavior were assessed three times (n = 68). Husbands' and wives' attachment styles were significantly associated. Caregivers' avoidance and care recipients' insecure attachment style were associated with increased levels of dementia-related problem behavior. Caregivers' avoidance and anxiety were also associated with lower levels of caregivers' well-being. The latent growth curve analysis indicated ... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1588725 Fri, 01 Jun 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1588725 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1588734&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17364479%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Lyons-Ruth K, Melnick S, Patrick M, Hobson RP The aim of this study was to determine whether women with borderline personality disorder (BPD) are more likely than those with dysthymia to manifest contradictory Hostile-Helpless (HH) states of mind. A reliable rater blind to diagnosis evaluated features of such mental representations in transcripts of Adult Attachment Interviews from 12 women with BPD and 11 women with dysthymia of similar socioeconomic status (SES), all awaiting psychotherapy. In keeping with three hierarchical (non-independent) a priori predictions regarding the mental representations of women with BPD, the results were that (a) all those with BPD, compared with half the group with dysthymia, displayed HH states of mind; (b) those with BPD manifested a signifi... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1588734 Thu, 01 Mar 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1588734 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1588733&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17364480%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Fivaz-Depeursinge E, Frascarolo F, Lopes F, Dimitrova N, Favez N Role reversal, whereby a child attempts to meet her parent's adult needs for parenting, intimacy, or companionship, has been identified as a risk factor for developmental disturbances. It has been defined from diverse perspectives as a child attachment strategy, a parent - toddler relational disturbance, and a boundary disturbance between parents and child. The recently discovered infant's triangular capacity, namely the sharing of her attention and affects with both parents, allows one to analyse the infant's contribution to early family dynamics. Role reversal was detected in 4 out of 45 father - mother - infant interactions observed in trilogue play from pregnancy to toddlerhood. The developmental trajectories... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1588733 Thu, 01 Mar 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1588733 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1588732&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17364481%26dopt%3DAbstract This study examined the overlap and validity of several measures of mother - child attachment developed for preadolescents. Validity was assessed in part by examining how attachment is related to children's mood and emotion regulation. Mother - child attachment was assessed in a sample of 9 to 11 year-old children using a story stem interview technique and questionnaires. Positive and negative mood were scored from daily logs completed by children. Emotion regulation was assessed with mothers' reports of constructive coping and teacher reports of children's ability to tolerate frustration. Interview and questionnaire measures of attachment were not consistently related to one another, although both were related to mood and emotion regulation. As expected, secure attachment and maternal sec... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1588732 Thu, 01 Mar 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1588732 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1588731&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17364482%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, we tested differences between securely and insecurely attached children on GC in attachment activating and neutral conditions, as well as whether parental religiousness acted as a moderator. Participants were forty 5-7-year-olds, from non-religious and Christian homes. The adapted Separation Anxiety Test was used to assess attachment. Participating children were told brief stories about visually represented children in different situations, and placed a God symbol on a felt board to represent GC to the fictional child. Results showed that GC was greater in attachment activating situations, particularly for secure children, supporting a hypothesis of internal working model correspondence between models of Self/Others and God. Although a religious type of home emerged as predi... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1588731 Thu, 01 Mar 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1588731 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1588730&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17364483%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Mayseless O, Popper M The ramifications of attachment processes in adulthood at the societal level are explored, specifically, why and under what circumstances followers form attachment relationships with a leader, and how the variability in these relationships can reflect the followers' internal working models of attachment. It is argued that in crisis situations, individuals tend to form affectional bonds with (mostly charismatic) leaders that function in many respects like an attachment relationship between a child and a parent. Relations between individuals and various social institutions, such as community or state, are likewise portrayed as involving attachment dynamics. The provision of security and protection (the safe haven and the secure base functions) by social str... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1588730 Thu, 01 Mar 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1588730 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1588739&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17178609%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study it was examined whether the interaction between genetic (DRD4 7-repeat and -521 C/T) and environmental risk factors (maternal unresolved loss/trauma and maternal frightening behavior) was associated with infant disorganization. A moderating role of the DRD4 gene was found. Maternal unresolved loss or trauma was associated with infant disorganization, but only in the presence of the DRD4 7-repeat polymorphism. The increase in risk for disorganization in children with the 7-repeat allele exposed to maternal unresolved loss/trauma compared to children without these combined risks was 18.8 fold. Similar moderating effects were not found for maternal frightening behavior. Our findings indicate that children are differentially susceptible to unresolved loss or trauma dependent on t... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1588739 Fri, 01 Dec 2006 05:00:00 +0100 1588739 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1588738&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17178610%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Booth-Laforce C, Oh W, Kim AH, Rubin KH, Rose-Krasnor L, Burgess K We evaluated links between peer-group functioning and indicators of attachment security in relation to both mother and father in middle childhood, among 73 10-year-olds (37 girls). Children's perceptions of security with both parents, coping styles with mother, and self-worth were assessed. Classmates, teachers, and mothers evaluated the participants' peer-related behavioral characteristics. Children's perceptions of security to both parents were related to others' appraisals of their social competence; perceptions of security to father were related to lower aggression. We did not find child gender effects, but children had higher security scores in relation to mother than to father. Self-worth perceptions medi... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1588738 Fri, 01 Dec 2006 05:00:00 +0100 1588738 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1588737&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17178611%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Ward MJ, Lee SS, Polan HJ The Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-III-R (SCID-I) and the Adult Attachment Interview (AAI) were administered to 60 women participating in a study (n=226) of mother-child interaction. These women were not referred to the study for psychiatric care. The 60 women interviewed with the AAI were selected from the first 190 women who completed the SCID-I, so that 30 received a diagnosis and 30 did not. Analyses indicated that psychopathology diagnoses were associated significantly with mental representations of attachment classified in the AAI. The non-autonomous groups had increased likelihood of SCID diagnosis, compared to the autonomous group. While 32% of women with autonomous AAI transcripts received SCID diagnoses, 63% of women with Dismissing, ... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1588737 Fri, 01 Dec 2006 05:00:00 +0100 1588737 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1588736&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17178612%26dopt%3DAbstract This study demonstrates that links between adults' states of mind regarding childhood attachment experiences and the quality of their interpersonal interactions are evident in first meetings between same-sex strangers in a non-attachment-related context. More specifically, in a study of 50 stranger dyads (50% female), secure adults demonstrated positive emotional engagement during a challenging puzzle-building task. In contrast, preoccupied adults dominated the task, whereas dismissing adults evidenced negative emotion during the interaction. Results held controlling for the Big Five personality dimensions and suggest a middle ground position regarding the narrow versus broad correlates of adult attachment security. PMID: 17178612 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Attachment and ... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1588736 Fri, 01 Dec 2006 05:00:00 +0100 1588736 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1588735&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17178613%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Beijersbergen MD, Bakermans-Kranenburg MJ, Van Ijzendoorn MH Coherence is a central construct in attachment interviews. Nevertheless, the concept has never been the main focus of a study in the attachment field. The present study examined whether coherence in attachment interviews is defined differently by experts trained in attachment theory, by linguists, and by non-experts. The 72-item Coherence Q-sort (CQS) was used to determine the profile of a prototypical coherent interview. Results indicated that attachment experts could be reliably distinguished from the (combined) other groups: attachment experts emphasized quality and manner more than all other groups, linguists emphasized quantity and relevance more than attachment experts, and higher educated non-experts valued re... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1588735 Fri, 01 Dec 2006 05:00:00 +0100 1588735 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1588748&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D16938701%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Vaughn BE, Waters HS, Coppola G, Cassidy J, Bost KK, Veríssimo M The articles included in this Special Issue of Attachment and Human Development were originally presented as contributions to symposia at the Society for Research in Child Development (Atlanta, Georgia, April 2005) and at the European Developmental Psychology Conference (Laguna, Canary Islands, August 2005). The articles represent efforts of independent research teams studying the emergence, maintenance, and implications of attachment representations. In each study, a central measure of attachment representation was a recently described measure of the secure base script (Waters & Rodrigues-Doolabh, 2004). This measure assesses the "scriptedness" of secure base content in stories told in response to a set... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1588748 Fri, 01 Sep 2006 04:00:00 +0100 1588748 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1588747&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D16938702%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Waters HS, Waters E Mental representations are of central importance in attachment theory. Most often conceptualized in terms of working models, ideas about mental representation have helped guide both attachment theory and research. At the same time, the working models concept has been criticized as overly extensible, explaining too much and therefore too little. Once unavoidable, such openness is increasingly unnecessary and a threat to the coherence of attachment theory. Cognitive and developmental understanding of mental representation has advanced markedly since Bowlby's day, allowing us to become increasingly specific about how attachment-related representations evolve, interact, and influence affect, cognition, and behavior. This makes it possible to be increasingly spe... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1588747 Fri, 01 Sep 2006 04:00:00 +0100 1588747 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1588746&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D16938703%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Vaughn BE, Veríssimo M, Coppola G, Bost KK, Shin N, McBride B, Krzysik L, Korth B To evaluate the temporal stability of maternal attachment representations obtained using a word-prompt task, a sample of mothers (N = 55) was assessed on two occasions, 12 - 15 months apart. Each mother responded to six word-prompt sets on each assessment occasion (4 word-prompt sets were designed to prime secure base themes, 2 word-prompt sets were designed to prime different themes), and the resulting stories were scored in terms of the presence and quality of the secure base scripts evident in each story. The story scriptedness scores (average across four stories) were internally consistent at each assessment (alphas >.85) and the mean difference in scores was not significant across as... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1588746 Fri, 01 Sep 2006 04:00:00 +0100 1588746 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1588745&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D16938704%26dopt%3DAbstract This study provides data supporting the reliability and validity of an Italian version of the adult attachment script representation task, designed by Waters & Rodrigues-Doolabh (2004). Specifically, we tested hypotheses concerning positive relations between attachment scriptedness scores and two other representational measures, derived from the Adult Attachment Interview (AAI). In addition, we tested the hypothesis that secure base script scores should predict maternal sensitivity in the context of mother - infant interaction. Thirty-one mothers completed narrative protocols and received scriptedness scores using the Waters & Rodrigues-Doolabh (2004) criteria. Prior to the attachment script assessment, mothers had been assessed using the AAI and had been observed in the context of... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1588745 Fri, 01 Sep 2006 04:00:00 +0100 1588745 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1588744&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D16938705%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Dykas MJ, Woodhouse SS, Cassidy J, Waters HS We explored the notion that adolescents possess mental secure base scripts of attachment-related events and examined, for the first time, whether these scripts were linked to adolescent attachment security. Results indicated that adolescents possessed a general script for mother and for father, and that they drew upon these scripts across different contexts. Adolescents' scripts for mother and for father were related, but only the scripts for mother predicted unique variance in adolescents' scripts for nonspecific others. Moreover, greater attachment security (as measured by the Adult Attachment Interview; AAI) was linked to greater access to and knowledge of secure base scripts for mothers, fathers, and nonspecific others. Only mot... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1588744 Fri, 01 Sep 2006 04:00:00 +0100 1588744 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1588743&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D16938706%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Bost KK, Shin N, McBride BA, Brown GL, Vaughn BE, Coppola G, Veríssimo M, Monteiro L, Korth B This paper reports the results of a study examining links between maternal representations of attachment, child attachment security, and mother and child narrative styles assessed in the context of reminiscences about shared experiences. Participants were 90 mother - child dyads. Child attachment security was assessed using the attachment Q-set and maternal attachment representations were measured using a recently designed instrument that assesses the script-like qualities of those representations. Analyses examined dependencies in the mother - child memory talk data and then assessed the overlap between both mother and child reminiscing styles and the attachment variables. Narra... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1588743 Fri, 01 Sep 2006 04:00:00 +0100 1588743 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1588742&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D16938707%26dopt%3DAbstract The objectives of this study were to evaluate whether the child's age at the time of adoption or at the time of attachment assessment predicted child attachment security in adoptive families and also whether the adoptive mother's internal attachment representation predicted the child's attachment security. The participants were 106 mother - child dyads selected from the 406 adoptions carried out through the Lisbon Department of Adoption Services over a period of 3 years. The Attachment Behavior Q-Set (AQS; Waters, 1995) was used to assess secure base behavior and an attachment script representation task was used to assess the maternal attachment representations. Neither child's age at the time of adoption, nor age of the child at assessment significantly predicted the AQS security score; h... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1588742 Fri, 01 Sep 2006 04:00:00 +0100 1588742 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1588741&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D16938708%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Bakermans-Kranenburg MJ The secure base script method assesses the extent to which attachment relevant narratives reflect access to a secure base script. The reliability and (convergent, predictive) validity of the secure base script measure has been documented in the convergent findings of the various cross-national studies reported in this issue. The instrument's easy administration and coding system promises larger studies focusing on psychometric and substantive questions following from the current set of studies. More specifically, future research with the secure base script may concern its incremental validity, explore scripts of so-called 'earned secure adults', and test the association between scriptedness and (disorganized) attachment in the Strange Situation Procedur... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1588741 Fri, 01 Sep 2006 04:00:00 +0100 1588741 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1588740&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D16938709%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Fivush R The secure base script construct is an innovative methodology that provides a reliable, valid, and generative measure of the internal working model of attachment-related events based on theory and research on generalized event representations or scripts. Multiple aspects of theory and research on scripts can provide additional information about the ways in which internal working models may develop along the dimensions of elaboration, complexity, and flexibility. PMID: 16938709 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Attachment and Human Development) Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1588740 Fri, 01 Sep 2006 04:00:00 +0100 1588740 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1588754&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D16818417%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Madigan S, Bakermans-Kranenburg MJ, Van Ijzendoorn MH, Moran G, Pederson DR, Benoit D The current meta-analysis examines the links between unresolved representations of attachment, anomalous parental behavior, and disorganized attachment relationships in 12 studies including 851 families. We found moderate effect sizes for the associations between unresolved states of mind and anomalous behavior (r = .26), unresolved states of mind and infant disorganized attachment relationships (r = .21), and anomalous behavior and disorganized attachment relationships (r = .34). Sample characteristics, observational context, and observational measure were not associated with differences in effect sizes. Only a small part of the association between unresolved states of mind and disorganized ... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1588754 Thu, 01 Jun 2006 04:00:00 +0100 1588754 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1588753&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D16818418%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Hughes P, Turton P, McGauley GA, Fonagy P The unresolved (U) state of mind in parents has been validated by its association with infant attachment disorganization (D), yet all studies show a transmission gap, and a proportion of individuals classified as U have infants who are not D. This paper reports on 31 mothers who showed the characteristic lapses in thinking and reasoning of the unresolved/disorganized state of mind in relation to stillbirth (U(sb)), when assessed with the Adult Attachment Interview (AAI) in the pregnancy after stillbirth. Seventeen (55%) of their infants were D at 1 year old. We evaluate social, attachment, and psychiatric variables to establish whether there are differences in U(sb) individuals that will predict infant D. In this population of U mother... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1588753 Thu, 01 Jun 2006 04:00:00 +0100 1588753 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1588752&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D16818419%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Figueiredo B, Bifulco A, Pacheco A, Costa R, Magarinho R The aim of this Portuguese study is to compare the experience of pregnancy in teenage years and later adulthood and to examine insecure attachment style as a risk factor for depression during pregnancy. The Attachment Style Interview (ASI) and the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) were administered to 66 pregnant adolescents and 64 adult women. Pregnant teenagers were found to be nearly three times more likely to have an insecure attachment style of Enmeshed, Angry-Dismissive, or Fearful style than adults, all at high levels of impairment (54% vs.19%, p < .02). Logistic regression showed, when all risk factors were entered, highly Enmeshed style and poor partner support provided the best model for depression... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1588752 Thu, 01 Jun 2006 04:00:00 +0100 1588752 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1588751&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D16818420%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Wilson JS, Ermshar AL, Welsh RK Stalking encompasses a wide range of behavioral patterns, risk factors, interpersonal dynamics, and dangerousness. To account for these diverse phenomena, we propose that stalking behavior is best conceptualized by a dynamic interaction of attachment styles and psychodynamic phenomena. This paper articulates a model that explains stalking behavior within the framework of attachment theory. Four prototypical configurations of stalkers and their victims are developed. Each configuration is discussed in terms of a pattern of internal representations, affective constellations, combinations of aggression and narcissism, and potential for future violence. The four configurations proposed here are maintained through stalkers' over ideational linkage fa... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1588751 Thu, 01 Jun 2006 04:00:00 +0100 1588751 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1588750&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D16818421%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Arnold E This paper reports on 20 women born in the Caribbean whose birth mothers left them there as young children in the care of grandmothers or other members of their extended family. This was in order to migrate to Great Britain during the late 1950s through the 1970s in search of economic prosperity, and reunification with the father/husband already working in the UK. The reunions occurred typically more than a decade later, in the child's adolescence, when mother and child were meeting as if for the first time. The sample of women was divided into two groups, one who was receiving or had received counselling or psychotherapy, and those who had no experience of therapy. Using a semi-structured Interview Schedule (the Separation Reunion Interview Schedule developed for thi... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1588750 Thu, 01 Jun 2006 04:00:00 +0100 1588750 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1588749&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D16818422%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: White K PMID: 16818422 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Attachment and Human Development) Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1588749 Thu, 01 Jun 2006 04:00:00 +0100 1588749 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1588759&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D16581620%26dopt%3DAbstract This study examined the relationships between avoidant and ambivalent attachment dimensions, empathy, and helping behavior in the context of one of the most tragic examples of collective loss in the USA. US college students (314 total: 219 females, 95 males) completed questionnaires between 20 and 42 days after the September 11 terrorist attacks. Results from this correlational study confirm previous laboratory experiments finding that attachment style may be related to people's ability to experience empathy and engage in helping behavior. Following the terrorist attacks, those with lower scores on avoidant attachment (i.e., more secure individuals) reported greater empathy with the bereaved. No association was found between the anxious attachment dimension and empathy, most likely due to ... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1588759 Wed, 01 Mar 2006 05:00:00 +0100 1588759 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1588758&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D16581621%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Leerkes EM, Siepak KJ The purpose of this study was to examine associations among women's emotional and cognitive responses to infant fear and anger and to identify attachment linked predictors of these responses. Four hundred and forty Caucasian and African American undergraduate college women viewed video clips of two crying infants, one displaying anger and the other displaying fear. They identified what the infants were feeling, made causal attributions about the cause of crying, rated their own emotional reactions to the crying infants, and reported on the extent to which their parents met their emotional needs in childhood and their current adult attachment patterns. Emotional and cognitive responses to infant fear and anger were interrelated. Consistent with prediction,... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1588758 Wed, 01 Mar 2006 05:00:00 +0100 1588758 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1588757&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D16581622%26dopt%3DAbstract This study examined attachment organization as a moderator of the link between the quality of the adolescents' current friendships and delinquent behavior. Data were gathered from a moderately at-risk sample of 71 ethnically and socioeconomically diverse adolescents. Results revealed a moderating effect of attachment organization (as assessed by the AAI) such that strong and supportive friendships were linked to lower levels of delinquency, but only when adolescents' attachment organization reflected an orientation toward heightened attention to attachment relationships (via preoccupation or via clear lack of dismissal of attachment). These results suggest that attachment organization plays an important role in delineating the conditions under which the qualities of social relationships ar... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1588757 Wed, 01 Mar 2006 05:00:00 +0100 1588757 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1588756&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D16581623%26dopt%3DAbstract This study tested the attachment issues segment of Kilmann's (1996) manualized attachment-focused (AF) group intervention. College students with insecure adult attachment patterns were randomly assigned into either a manualized attachment-focused group or into a manualized relationship skills-focused (RS) group. A no-intervention control condition (NC) was recruited in the same manner. Between pre- and post-testing, AF and RS participants reported decreased agreement with dysfunctional relationship beliefs. AF participants also reported higher self-esteem, decreased angry reaction, and increased control of anger. RS participants reported improved interpersonal styles. At the 15-18-month follow-up, AF and RS participants reported increased self-awareness and positive relationship expectatio... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1588756 Wed, 01 Mar 2006 05:00:00 +0100 1588756 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1588755&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D16581624%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Heller SS, Boris NW, Fuselier SH, Page T, Koren-Karie N, Miron D The best means for the diagnosis and treatment of reactive attachment disorder of infancy and early childhood have not been established. Though some longitudinal data on institutionalized children is available, reports of maltreated young children who are followed over time and assessed with measures of attachment are lacking. This paper presents the clinical course of a set of maltreated fraternal twins who were assessed and treated from 19 months to 30 months of age and then seen in follow-up at 3 and 8 years of age. A summary of the early assessment and course is provided and findings from follow-up assessments of the cognitive, behavioral, and interpersonal functioning of each child is analysed. Follow-up mea... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1588755 Wed, 01 Mar 2006 05:00:00 +0100 1588755 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1588764&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D16332580%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Sroufe LA There is much to digest in a 30 year longitudinal study of the developing person (Sroufe, Egeland, Carlson, & Collins, 2005a). The following paper summarizes some key points regarding the place of infant attachment in the developmental course. It is argued that understanding the role of attachment entails grasping the organizational nature of the attachment construct and embracing a non-linear transactional model. Using such concepts, attachment history was shown in the Minnesota study to be clearly related to the growth of self-reliance, the capacity for emotional regulation, and the emergence and course of social competence, among other things. Moreover, specific patterns of attachment had implications for both normal development and pathology. Even more import... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1588764 Thu, 01 Dec 2005 05:00:00 +0100 1588764 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1588763&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D16332581%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Vaughn BE The Minnesota Study of Risk and Adaptation was initiated in the mid-1970s as a short-term longitudinal study of infants at elevated risk for abuse and neglect. At the outset, the project leaders intended to characterize the infant, the caregiving environment, and the larger social milieu of the family in as comprehensive a manner as possible so as to test explicitly posed hypotheses about pathways leading from the child, the caregiving environment, and the social milieu to abuse or neglect. Paradoxically, only a minority of infants recruited to the study were ultimately abused or neglected over the 36-month period for which funding had been provided, but it proved possible to identify several antecedent indicators that predicted their outcome. It was also evident fro... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1588763 Thu, 01 Dec 2005 05:00:00 +0100 1588763 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1588762&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D16332582%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Suess GJ, Sroufe J The Minnesota longitudinal study of parents and children from birth to adulthood provides both a theoretical framework and a host of empirical findings that can serve to bridge the gap between research and clinical application. Key among these findings are: (a) the ongoing impact of early relationship experiences throughout the years, even with later experience and circumstances controlled; (b) the cumulative nature of experience and its continual impact with current context; (c) the important role of adult partner relationships; (d) the increasingly active role of the persons themselves in their own development; and (e) the interplay between experience, representation, and ongoing adaptation. These findings, and the theoretical structure underlying them, su... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1588762 Thu, 01 Dec 2005 05:00:00 +0100 1588762 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1588761&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D16332583%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Dallaire DH, Weinraub M The purpose of the present investigation was to examine the precursors and familial conditions which sustain school-aged children's separation anxiety. In a prospective, longitudinal study of 99 mother-child dyads, infancy measures of infant-mother attachment security, maternal separation anxiety, and maternal sensitivity were used to predict children's self-reported symptoms of separation anxiety at age 6. Insecurely attached children reported more separation anxiety than securely attached children. Insecure-ambivalent children reported marginally more separation anxiety than securely attached children, but not more than insecure-avoidant attached children. Regression analysis showed infant-mother attachment security and mother's sensitivity added uniq... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1588761 Thu, 01 Dec 2005 05:00:00 +0100 1588761 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1588760&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D16332584%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Shaw SK, Dallos R Bowlby's (1969/1982) ideas of attachment as an interactional system provide the basis for an understanding of the development of adaptive and maladaptive working models of the self and other. More specifically, attachment theory can offer an in-depth understanding into the development of a depressotypic self-schema. Attachment theory is set alongside research into adolescent depression in order to illustrate the importance of the primary attachment relationship in protecting adolescents in our society from developing depressive symptomatology. Therefore, current research in adolescent depression is viewed through the lens of attachment theory. This view is complemented by an exploration of the role of culture in the production of gender differences in depress... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1588760 Thu, 01 Dec 2005 05:00:00 +0100 1588760 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1588772&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D16210236%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Schindler A, Thomasius R, Sack PM, Gemeinhardt B, Küstner U, Eckert J Earlier studies on attachment and substance use disorders using the Hazan and Shaver (1987) self-report mainly indicate a link with "avoidant" attachment styles. Studies working with the Adult Attachment Interview (Main & Goldwyn, 1998) have produced inconsistent results. The present study used the Bartholomew (1990) interview coding system to assess attachment in a sample of 71 German opiate using, drug dependent adolescents (DDAs, age 14 - 25) and 39 non-clinical controls. Fearful attachment was predominant in DDAs, while controls were predominantly secure. Severity of drug use, as assessed with the European Addiction Severity Index (Gsellhofer, Fahrner, & Platt, 1994) and urinalyses, was posi... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1588772 Thu, 01 Sep 2005 04:00:00 +0100 1588772 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1588771&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D16210237%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Bretherton I, Lambert JD, Golby B Studies of infant-father attachment and other aspects of father-child relationships burgeoned during the 1980s and 90s, in step with new expectations for greater father participation in childrearing, but less is known about how involved fathers experience themselves as attachment figures, socialization agents, and playmates/companions of their young children. In an attempt to investigate these topics from a relationship perspective, we administered the Parent Attachment Interview (PAI) to 49 married fathers from dual career families who, based on current literature, were expected to be active participants in caring for and interacting with their preschool children. The 22 open-ended PAI questions were designed to probe fathers' thoughts and fe... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1588771 Thu, 01 Sep 2005 04:00:00 +0100 1588771 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1588770&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D16210238%26dopt%3DAbstract This study examined predictors of stability and change in women's maternal representations of their children. Participants were 180 women, recruited from the community, half of whom had experienced domestic violence during pregnancy. Maternal representations of were assessed with the Working Model of the Child Interview (WMCI; Zeanah, Benoit, Hirshberg, Barton, & Regan, 1994) during the last trimester of pregnancy and again at the child's first birthday. Results indicated that when collapsed into balanced and non-balanced categories, 71% of the sample was stable over time, and women who had balanced representations had significantly more stable representations than women who had non-balanced representations (p < .001). Income, single parenthood, abuse status, and depressive symptoma... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1588770 Thu, 01 Sep 2005 04:00:00 +0100 1588770 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1588769&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D16210239%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Slade A Reflective functioning refers to the essential human capacity to understand behavior in light of underlying mental states and intentions. The construct, introduced by Fonagy, Steele, Steele, Moran, and Higgitt in 1991, and elaborated by Fonagy and his colleagues over the course of the next decade, has had an enormous impact on developmental theory and clinical practice. This paper introduces the construct of parental reflective functioning, which refers to the parent's capacity to hold the child's mental states in mind, and begins with a review of Fonagy and his colleagues' essential ideas regarding the reflective function. Next, the applicability of this construct to parental representations of the child and the parent-child relationship is considered. A system for co... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1588769 Thu, 01 Sep 2005 04:00:00 +0100 1588769 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1588768&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D16210240%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study of 40 mothers and their babies, maternal reflective functioning is measured using the Parent Development Interview (PDI; Aber, Slade, Berger, Bresgi, & Kaplan, 1985), and scored for reflective functioning using an addendum to Fonagy, Target, Steele, & Steele's (1998) reflective functioning scoring manual (Slade, Bernbach, Grienenberger, Levy, & Locker, 2004). The relations between maternal reflective functioning and both adult (measured in pregnancy) and infant attachment (measured at 14 months) are examined. The findings indicate that relations between adult attachment and parental reflective functioning are significant, as are relations between parental reflective functioning and infant attachment. A preliminary mediation analysis suggests that parental reflecti... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1588768 Thu, 01 Sep 2005 04:00:00 +0100 1588768 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1588767&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D16210241%26dopt%3DAbstract This study examines the link between mental representations and maternal behavior within the intergenerational transmission of attachment. Maternal reflective functioning was hypothesized to predict the quality of mother-infant affective communication based on the AMBIANCE measure. Each of these measures was also considered as a predictor of the quality of infant attachment. The subjects were 45 mothers and their 10-14-month-old infants. Results supported each of the study's major hypotheses. The AMBIANCE measure and the reflective functioning measure had a strong negative correlation. Thus, the level of disruption in mother-infant affective communication was inversely related to the level of maternal reflective functioning. The AMBIANCE measure was also shown to be a very good predictor o... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1588767 Thu, 01 Sep 2005 04:00:00 +0100 1588767 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1588766&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D16210242%26dopt%3DAbstract This study explored factors associated with the quality and content of maternal mental representations of her child and relationship with her child within an inner-city sample of referred, traumatized mothers. Specifically, it examined factors that have been hypothesized to support versus interfere with maternal self- and mutual-regulation of affect: posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and maternal reflective functioning (RF). More severe PTSD, irrespective of level of RF, was significantly associated with the distorted classification of non-balanced mental representations on the Working Model of the Child Interview (WMCI) within this traumatized sample. Higher Levels of RF, irrespective of PTSD severity, were significantly associated with the balanced classification of maternal mental re... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1588766 Thu, 01 Sep 2005 04:00:00 +0100 1588766 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1588765&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D16210243%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Fonagy P, Target M The authors provide a context for this special section by arguing that the attachment relationships of infancy fulfil an evolutionary role in ensuring that the brain structures that come to subserve social cognition are appropriately organised and prepared to equip the individual for the collaborative existence with other people for which his or her brain was designed. Processes as fundamental as gene expression or changes in receptor densities can be seen as direct functions of the extent of understanding of mental states provided by the caregiving environment. If the attachment relationship is indeed a major organiser of brain development, it is even more important to understand the processes that underpin the transgenerational transmission of attachment p... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1588765 Thu, 01 Sep 2005 04:00:00 +0100 1588765 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1588777&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D16096189%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Roisman GI, Collins WA, Sroufe LA, Egeland B Although attachment theory suggests that childhood experiences with caregivers serve as a prototype for adult love relationships, few explicit tests of this hypothesis exist in the literature. Drawing on data from a longitudinal cohort followed from birth to young adulthood, this paper examined correlates and antecedents of young adults' representations of and behavior in their current romantic relationship. Young adults who experienced a secure relationship with their primary caregiver in infancy as assessed in the Strange Situation were more likely to (a) produce coherent discourse regarding their current romantic partnership in the context of the Current Relationship Interview (CRI) and (b) have a higher quality romantic relation... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1588777 Wed, 01 Jun 2005 04:00:00 +0100 1588777 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1588776&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D16096190%26dopt%3DAbstract This study investigates links between adult attachment and marital quality in 73 married couples, using a new Couple Attachment Interview that was modeled after the Adult Attachment Interview but focuses on the relationship between the partners. A coding system (CAICS) comparing the interview protocol to prototypes for secure, dismissing, and preoccupied attachment styles yielded continuous ratings of all three styles, and categorical classifications of secure/insecure for each partner. The study found direct links between couple attachment and both self-reported and observed marital quality, with all three continuous scores contributing uniquely to the equations. In most cases, the continuous scores explained variation in marital quality after the categorical security scores were entered ... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1588776 Wed, 01 Jun 2005 04:00:00 +0100 1588776 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1588775&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D16096191%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Deoliveira CA, Moran G, Pederson DR The purpose of this study was to examine the associations between maternal representations of attachment, as assessed with the Adult Attachment Interview (AAI; George, Kaplan, & Main, 1996), and mothers' thoughts and feelings about their own emotions and emotions emerging in their toddlers. Eighty-nine adolescent mothers completed the AAI and the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D; Radloff, 1977) and Katz, Gottman, Shapiro, and Carrere's (1997) meta-emotion interview for parents of toddlers. Autonomous mothers demonstrated the most open and flexible mindset around a variety of emotions in themselves and their toddlers. Dismissing mothers exhibited a tendency to minimize internalizing emotions in themselves and the... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1588775 Wed, 01 Jun 2005 04:00:00 +0100 1588775 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1588774&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D16096192%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Bernier A, Larose S, Whipple N Sixty-two high school students, 28 of which were planning on leaving home to attend college, completed the Adult Attachment Interview and self-report questionnaires pertaining to their relationship with their parents. Compared to their autonomous counterparts, preoccupied students who had left home reported having a more negative relationship with each parent and experiencing more family-related stress. However, they reported having more contact with each parent. In contrast, no attachment differences with regards to perceptions of the parent-adolescent relationship were found among students who lived at home while in college. This suggests that individual differences related to attachment state of mind in adolescence may be magnified by a stress... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1588774 Wed, 01 Jun 2005 04:00:00 +0100 1588774 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1588773&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D16096193%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Rydell AM, Bohlin G, Thorell LB In a group of 112 children (46% boys), representations of attachment to parents and shyness at age 5 were used as predictors of social relationships in preschool at age 6. A Story Completion task was used to assess attachment representations and shyness was assessed through parent ratings and observations. Preschool teachers rated the child-teacher relationship and the child's peer competence. Children with avoidant representations had more conflictual and less close teacher relationships, and showed less prosocial orientation with peers than did children with secure attachment representations. Children with bizarre-ambivalent representations had somewhat less intimate teacher relationships and less social initiative with peers than did children... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1588773 Wed, 01 Jun 2005 04:00:00 +0100 1588773 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1588783&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D15981613%26dopt%3DAbstract This study describes a model of parenting which uses four caregiving dimensions that are consistent with attachment theory and research: promoting trust in availability, promoting reflective function, promoting self-esteem, and promoting autonomy. A fifth dimension, promoting family membership, is added, as it reflects the need for children in long-term foster family care to experience the security that comes from a sense of identity and belonging. Qualitative data from the study demonstrates the usefulness of this model as a framework for analysis, but also suggests the potential use of such a framework for working with and supporting foster carers. PMID: 15981613 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Attachment and Human Development) Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1588783 Tue, 01 Mar 2005 05:00:00 +0100 1588783 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1588782&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D15981614%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Dozier M PMID: 15981614 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Attachment and Human Development) Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1588782 Tue, 01 Mar 2005 05:00:00 +0100 1588782 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1588781&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D15981615%26dopt%3DAbstract This study chronicles an at-risk mother's experience in an alternative foster care program. Influenced by attachment theory, the Children's Ark reunited children with their mothers in a supervised home environment while also providing residential support, intensive therapy, and education. After losing custody of her infant Kindra, 18-year-old Anna participated in the Ark for 2 years, after which she regained custody of Kindra. We assessed Anna and Kindra at multiple times using a variety of instruments, including a semi-structured interview, the Adult Attachment Interview, and the Strange Situation procedure. Anna moved from a profoundly insecure state of mind to a secure one, while Kindra moved from a resistant to a secure attachment. Qualitative analyses of Anna's interviews documented g... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1588781 Tue, 01 Mar 2005 05:00:00 +0100 1588781 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1588780&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D15981616%26dopt%3DAbstract This study aimed to investigate the relationship between attachment state of mind and perceptual processing of social and non-social, affective, and neutral material. A total of 57 young adults completed the Adult Attachment Interview (AAI) plus an experimental task in which their perceptual thresholds to different types of pictures were assessed. Significant correlations were found between the AAI dimensions and perceptual thresholds for social stimuli such as social interactions or human faces displaying emotional expressions. As expected, no relationships were found between the AAI and perception of neutral stimuli. The pattern of correlations was especially clear for the dismissing dimension. The results suggest that higher vigilance to social stimuli is related to dismissing attachmen... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1588780 Tue, 01 Mar 2005 05:00:00 +0100 1588780 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1588779&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D15984085%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Macfie J, McElwain NL, Houts RM, Cox MJ The current study examined the intergenerational transmission of role reversal within a developmental psychopathology framework. Role reversal is a relationship disturbance in which a parent looks to a child to meet the parent's need for comfort, parenting, intimacy, or play, and the child attempts to meet these needs. In a normative sample, n=138, fathers and mothers reported on childhood role reversal with their mothers as part of the Adult Attachment Interview, AAI (George, Kaplan, & Main, 1984). Mother-child role reversal was then assessed in an observational paradigm when children were 2 years of age. Based on theories of dyadic and family systems internal working models we hypothesized gender specific replications of role rever... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1588779 Tue, 01 Mar 2005 05:00:00 +0100 1588779 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1588778&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D15984086%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Britner PA, Marvin RS, Pianta RC The Marvin and Britner system for classifying caregiver behavior patterns in the preschool Strange Situation is presented to complement the Cassidy and Marvin (1992) preschool child-parent attachment classification system. Participants were 110 mothers and their preschool children (aged 2 to 4 years) with medical risks (epilepsy or mild cerebral palsy) or no diagnosis (i.e., healthy). As coded by reliable, independent raters, there was a highly significant level of concordance between the 5-category caregiver and child classifications in the preschool Strange Situation across the medical risk levels. In comparison to other caregivers, mothers classified as secure in their caregiving behavior pattern were rated as more sensitive; they also showe... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1588778 Tue, 01 Mar 2005 05:00:00 +0100 1588778 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1588790&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D15764123%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Magai C, Consedine NS PMID: 15764123 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Attachment and Human Development) Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1588790 Wed, 01 Dec 2004 05:00:00 +0100 1588790 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1588789&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D15764124%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Antonucci TC, Akiyama H, Takahashi K The Convoy Model of Social Relations is identified as a unifying conceptual framework within which to consider attachment and other close social relationships across the life span. Convoy data are provided for people aged 8 to 93 in both the United States and Japan. Data from community based representative samples in the Detroit (N = 1703) and Yokohama (N = 1842) metropolitan areas indicate age differences in all close relationships but gender differences only in very close relationships in the two countries. There was only one Age x Gender x Country interaction for number of people in close relations. Examination of role relationships suggest age differences overall but considerable similarities in the two countries. PMID: 15764124 [Pu... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1588789 Wed, 01 Dec 2004 05:00:00 +0100 1588789 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1588788&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D15764125%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Cicirelli VG Attachment to God among older adults is an area of research that has been neglected thus far. The existence of such an attachment was explored in a study of 109 elders aged 70-97. A modest proportion of elders displayed a strong attachment to God, assessed by coding interview data for indicators of attachment. Strength of attachment to God was related (p < .05) to greater religiosity, greater fear of death, loss of other attachment figures, religious affiliation, and being younger in age, Black, and of lower socioeconomic status. Participants belonging to fundamentalist or evangelical Protestant denominations had a stronger attachment to God than those with other affiliations. Findings are interpreted in relation to existing literature on attachment to God. ... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1588788 Wed, 01 Dec 2004 05:00:00 +0100 1588788 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1588787&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D15764126%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Magai C, Consedine NS, Gillespie M, O'Neal C, Vilker R The goal of the present study was to model the relations among self-reported early emotion socialization, adult attachment styles, and positive and negative adult emotion experiences in younger (mean age = 28) and older (mean age = 74) adults. Using structural equation modeling, we found that reports of early emotion socialization had both direct and indirect effects (the latter mediated by attachment style) on adult emotional experiences. There was also some support for the expectation that age would interact with emotion socialization in the effect on adult emotions. Results are discussed in terms of their implications for understanding how attachment and emotion relate across the lifespan. PMID: 15764126 [PubMed - i... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1588787 Wed, 01 Dec 2004 05:00:00 +0100 1588787 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1588786&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D15764127%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Zhang F, Labouvie-Vief G The present study investigates stability of adult attachment style and concurrent covariation between attachment security and coping and well-being within a 6-year longitudinal-sequential study, with a sample ranging from late adolescence to late adulthood. The findings indicate that attachment style was relatively stable over the six-year period; nevertheless, it was characterized more by fluidity than by stability. Fluctuation in attachment security showed a negative concurrent covariation with defensive coping and depressive symptoms, but a positive covariation with integrative coping and self-perceived well-being. At any point when participants were better copers and reported a better state of well-being (than their own average baseline), they were... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1588786 Wed, 01 Dec 2004 05:00:00 +0100 1588786 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1588785&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D15764128%26dopt%3DAbstract Discussion addresses the lifelong significance of reunion behavior, the survival of 'secure' attachment behavior even into the late stages of dementia, and the clinical relevance of the Adult Attachment Interview. PMID: 15764128 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Attachment and Human Development) Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1588785 Wed, 01 Dec 2004 05:00:00 +0100 1588785 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1588784&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D15764129%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Shaver PR, Mikulincer M PMID: 15764129 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Attachment and Human Development) Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1588784 Wed, 01 Dec 2004 05:00:00 +0100 1588784 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1588798&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D15513263%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Bakermans-Kranenburg MJ, Van Ijzendoorn MH In a first molecular genetic study Lakatos and colleagues found an association between attachment disorganization and the dopamine D4 receptor (DRD4) gene polymorphism, in particular in the presence of the -521 T allele in the promoter region of the DRD4 gene. Replication of their study in a sample of 132 infants did not confirm the role of the DRD4 7+ -allele and the -521C/T promoter gene in disorganized attachment. Although our sample was larger, and contained more children with CT or TT alleles, which enhanced the probability of finding the DRD4 and C/T interaction, the association was not found. Even when we combined our sample with the Lakatos sample, the interaction effect of the DRD4 and -521 C/T polymorphisms on disorganized a... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1588798 Wed, 01 Sep 2004 04:00:00 +0100 1588798 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1588797&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D15513265%26dopt%3DAbstract Naïve observers' perceptions of family drawings by 7-year-olds with disorganized attachment histories. Attach Hum Dev. 2004 Sep;6(3):223-39 Authors: Madigan S, Goldberg S, Moran G, Pederson DR Previous research has succeeded in distinguishing among drawings made by children with histories of organized attachment relationships (secure, avoidant, and resistant); however, drawings of children with histories of disorganized attachment have yet to be systematically investigated. The purpose of this study was to determine whether naïve observers would respond differentially to family drawings of 7-year-olds who were classified in infancy as disorganized vs. organized. Seventy-three undergraduate students from one university and 78 from a second viewed 50 family drawings of ... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1588797 Wed, 01 Sep 2004 04:00:00 +0100 1588797 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1588796&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D15513266%26dopt%3DAbstract We report that in this population there was no significant correspondence between U and PTSD scores or caseness and no association between maternal PTSD and infant D. We discuss possible interpretations of these findings. PMID: 15513266 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Attachment and Human Development) Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1588796 Wed, 01 Sep 2004 04:00:00 +0100 1588796 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1588795&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D15513268%26dopt%3DAbstract This article will attempt to describe principles of a psychological treatment for maltreated children and young people who have been placed in foster care and adoptive homes. This treatment, based on attachment theory, provides dyadic interventions that aim to be transforming and integrative. The co-regulation of affect and the co-construction of meaning are central to the treatment process, just as they are central features in attachment security. PMID: 15513268 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Attachment and Human Development) Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1588795 Wed, 01 Sep 2004 04:00:00 +0100 1588795 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1588794&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D15513269%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Trowell J This paper considers the work of a skilled clinician (see this volume) who uses attachment theory but also his own vast body of experience. Many of the ideas will be of considerable help particularly to those working with children in substitute families. Caution is needed, however, as this work often involves the uncovering of unexpected abuse experiences which can provoke intense reactions. Training and supervision would seem essential. PMID: 15513269 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Attachment and Human Development) Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1588794 Wed, 01 Sep 2004 04:00:00 +0100 1588794 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1588793&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D15513270%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Kaitz M, Bar-Haim Y, Lehrer M, Grossman E We tested for an association between adults' attachment style and their regulation of interpersonal physical distance. In Study 1, the stop-distance paradigm was used to derive measures reflecting tolerance of and reactiveness to spatial-intrusion. As predicted, university students who were classified as avoidantly attached (by a 3-category attachment style measure) were less tolerant of close interpersonal physical proximity than were securely attached individuals. Further, they were more reactive to spatial-intrusion by a male (but not a female) adult. In Study 2, we measured the distance that participants chose to sit from an interviewer. Participants' ratings on a 4-category measure were used to classify them into an attachment sty... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1588793 Wed, 01 Sep 2004 04:00:00 +0100 1588793 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1588792&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D15513271%26dopt%3DAbstract We present a Q-sort coding procedure for the ASCT, which was developed for children as young as three. The Q-sort yields scores on four attachment dimensions (security, deactivation, hyperactivation, and disorganization). One-way ANOVAs revealed significant mother-child associations for each dimension, although results for the hyperactivation and disorganization dimensions were significant only according to contrast tests. Conversely, no father-child association was found, regardless of the dimension considered. Findings are discussed in terms of the respective part played by each parent in their children's emotional development. PMID: 15513271 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Attachment and Human Development) Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1588792 Wed, 01 Sep 2004 04:00:00 +0100 1588792 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1588791&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D15513272%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Ziv Y, Oppenheim D, Sagi-Schwartz A This longitudinal study was designed to examine the links between infant-mother attachment and social information processing in middle childhood. The Strange Situation was used to assess infant-mother attachment at 12 months and a revised and adapted Hebrew version of the Social Information Processing Interview (Dodge & Price, 1994) was used to measure social information processing in middle childhood (at 7.5 years). Findings revealed that with regard to both peer-group relationships and mother-child relationships, secure children demonstrated more competent social information processing than insecure-ambivalent children in one out of four social information processing stages. The major characteristic distinguishing secure from insecure-... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1588791 Wed, 01 Sep 2004 04:00:00 +0100 1588791 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1588799&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D15370511%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Harris T PMID: 15370511 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Attachment and Human Development) Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1588799 Tue, 01 Jun 2004 04:00:00 +0100 1588799