MedWorm.com provides a medical RSS filtering service. Over 6000 RSS medical sources are combined and output via different filters. This feed contains the latest items from the 'Attachment and Human Development' source. Fri, 10 Feb 2012 02:00:51 +0100 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5549778&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22191603%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Bick J, Dozier M, Perkins E Abstract The current study examined the convergence between young children's attachment classifications in the laboratory-based Strange Situation Procedure and children's and parents' behaviors during naturalistic reunions after a day in child care. Fifty-eight parent-child dyads participated in this study. Children's attachment security assessed from the Strange Situation Procedure was significantly associated with ratings of children's security, avoidance, and delight toward their parents during the natural reunion episodes, and with parents' responsiveness during the natural reunion episodes. These findings suggest that natural reunions at the end of the day in child care reflect the quality of attachment relationships between young children ... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5549778 Thu, 29 Dec 2011 14:24:57 +0100 5549778 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5549777&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22191604%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Cassidy J, Sherman LJ, Jones JD Abstract In the Adult Attachment Interview (AAI; George, Kaplan, & Main, 1984), state of mind with respect to attachment is assessed not on the basis of the content of the participant's narrative, but rather on the basis of the narrative's linguistic properties. The present study is the first to further explore linguistic characteristics of attachment state of mind in AAI narratives by examining participants' frequency of word usage within the categories of the Linguistic Inquiry Word Count text analysis program (LIWC; Pennebaker, Booth, & Francis, 2007). LIWC uses an internal dictionary to count words in conceptual categories and creates proportion scores for each category based on the total word count. Results from an examination o... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5549777 Thu, 29 Dec 2011 14:24:46 +0100 5549777 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5549776&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22191605%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Jin MK, Jacobvitz D, Hazen N, Jung SH Abstract The present study sought to analyze infant and maternal behavior both during theStrange Situation Procedure (SSP) and a free play session in a Korean sample (N = 87) to help understand whether mother-infant attachment relationships are universal or culture-specific. Distributions of attachment classifications in the Korean sample were compared with a cross-national sample. Behavior of mothers and infants following the two separation episodes in the SSP, including mothers' proximity to their infants and infants' approach to the caregiver, was also observed, as was the association between maternal sensitivity observed during free play session and infant security. The percentage of Korean infants classified as secure versus ins... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5549776 Thu, 29 Dec 2011 14:24:36 +0100 5549776 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5549775&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22191606%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, it seems possible to revise the attachment behaviour of late-adopted children but, for about one-third of children, the adverse history will persist at a narrative/representational level. PMID: 22191606 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Attachment and Human Development) Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5549775 Thu, 29 Dec 2011 14:24:25 +0100 5549775 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5549774&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22191607%26dopt%3DAbstract We examined the effects of maternal history of depressive disorder and the effects of depressive symptoms during pregnancy and the early postpartum period on attachment insecurity and disorganization. A total of 627 mother-infant dyads from the Generation R Study participated in a population-based cohort from fetal life onwards. Maternal history of depression was assessed by diagnostic interviews during pregnancy; maternal peri- and postnatal depressive symptoms were assessed with questionnaires in 506 of these women at 20 weeks pregnancy and two months postpartum; and infant-mother attachment security was observed when infants were aged 14 months. A history of maternal depressive disorder, regardless of severity or psychiatric comorbidity, was not associated with an increased risk of infa... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5549774 Thu, 29 Dec 2011 14:24:14 +0100 5549774 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5344783&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22011098%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Vaughn BE, El-Sheikh M, Shin N, Elmore-Staton L, Krzysik L, Monteiro L Abstract Both the attachment system and sleep are considered to be important biopsychosocial regulators of development and of adaptive functioning in children, and there is a substantial literature suggesting that the two systems may be mutually influencing. To date, however, the bulk of research attempting to link these systems has focused on infancy and the results of empirical studies are mixed. Thirty-nine preschool children participated in this study (valid sleep data for 34 cases). Attachment representations were assessed using the Attachment Story Completion Task (ASCT) and sleep was assessed using objective (i.e., actigraphy) measures. Analyses revealed that the coherence of child narratives and... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5344783 Mon, 24 Oct 2011 21:41:12 +0100 5344783 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5344782&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22011099%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Zilcha-Mano S, Mikulincer M, Shaver PR Abstract John Bowlby's ( 1973 , 1980 , 1982 ) attachment theory is one of the most influential theories in personality and developmental psychology and provides insights into adjustment and psychopathology across the lifespan. The theory is also helpful in defining the target of change in psychotherapy, understanding the processes by which change occurs, and conceptualizing cases and planning treatment (Daniel, 2006 ; Obegi & Berant, 2008 ; Sable, 2004 ; Wallin, 2007 ). Here, we propose a model of Animal-Assisted Therapy (AAT) based on attachment theory and on the unique characteristics of human-pet relationships. The model includes clients' unmet attachment needs, individual differences in attachment insecurity, coping, and respo... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5344782 Mon, 24 Oct 2011 21:41:01 +0100 5344782 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5344781&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22011100%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Fossati A, Feeney J, Maffei C, Borroni S Abstract The aim of this study was to assess whether mindfulness mediates the association between attachment dimensions and features of Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) in a sample of 501 Italian high-school students. Low scores on Confidence and high scores on Need for Approval and Preoccupation with Relationships attachment scales was significantly related to the number of BPD features (adjusted R (2) = .21, p < .001). Further, mindfulness scores were negatively associated with Need for Approval and Relationships as Secondary attachment scales (adjusted R (2) = .14, p < .001). Finally, mindfulness scores were negatively associated with the number of BPD features (adjusted R (2) = .15, p < .001). Mediation... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5344781 Mon, 24 Oct 2011 21:40:51 +0100 5344781 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5344780&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22011101%26dopt%3DAbstract Discussion concerns reasons why self-reported attachment style is an important factor that may influence dissociative symptoms during adolescence. PMID: 22011101 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Attachment and Human Development) Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5344780 Mon, 24 Oct 2011 21:40:42 +0100 5344780 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5344779&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22011102%26dopt%3DAbstract This study explored the relation between mothers' and their children's secure base scripts in two samples of school-aged children: a community sample (N = 29; mean age 8.9) and a sample of children diagnosed with ADHD (N = 50; mean age 8.9). Using the Attachment Script Representation Task, mothers and children were asked to construct narratives using word prompt outlines. In addition, mothers and children completed questionnaires focusing on symptoms. The results revealed that while the link between mothers' and children's scriptedness was significant in the community, no significant association was found in the ADHD sample. In the ADHD group, maternal reports of children's symptoms were negatively linked to children's secure-base scriptedness. Implications of these findings for theory... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5344779 Mon, 24 Oct 2011 21:40:33 +0100 5344779 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5344778&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22011103%26dopt%3DAbstract This study examined the impact of parental styles on second generation effects of trauma among adolescent offspring of survivors of the Khmer Rouge (KR) genocide in Cambodia. Two hundred high school students completed measures addressing their parents' trauma stemming from the KR regime, parental styles (role reversing, overprotective), depression and anxiety. Parents' role reversing parental style and mothers' overprotective parenting were shown to mediate the impact of their trauma symptoms on the child's depression and anxiety. The implications of the findings are discussed. PMID: 22011103 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Attachment and Human Development) Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5344778 Mon, 24 Oct 2011 21:40:23 +0100 5344778 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5344777&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22011104%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: PMID: 22011104 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Attachment and Human Development) Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5344777 Mon, 24 Oct 2011 21:40:12 +0100 5344777 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5141341&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21838644%26dopt%3DAbstract "Not just a dog": an attachment perspective on relationships with assistance dogs. Attach Hum Dev. 2011 Sep;13(5):421-36 Authors: Kwong MJ, Bartholomew K Abstract We explored individuals' relationships with an assistance dog from an attachment-theory perspective. We used both inductive and deductive thematic methods to analyze semi-structured interviews with 25 participants who had lost an assistance dog to retirement or death. Analyses revealed attachment processes of safe haven, secure base, and separation anxiety. Although attachment dynamics were an important feature of these relationships, caregiving was equally important. When confronted with the loss of their dog, almost all participants experienced intense grief. Most grief responses were consistent with the loss of... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5141341 Fri, 19 Aug 2011 21:08:31 +0100 5141341 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5141340&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21838645%26dopt%3DAbstract This study explored the applicability of family drawings as a tool to estimate attachment security in a sample of Japanese six-year-olds (N = 47), applying Kaplan and Main's ( 1986 ) Family Drawing system. Maternal secure/insecure attachment status judged by the Adult Attachment Interview predicted family drawings' secure/insecure distinction produced by Japanese six-year-olds. However, insecure Japanese drawings took forms not seen in the original Berkeley drawings, such as a lineup of faces alone. Further examination of the Japanese children's drawings using global rating scales (Fury, Carlson, & Sroufe, 1997 ) yielded significant gender differences, rarely reported in the attachment literature, with girls scoring higher in scales that predict attachment security and boys scoring h... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5141340 Fri, 19 Aug 2011 21:08:27 +0100 5141340 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5141339&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21838646%26dopt%3DAbstract We report the outcome of an investigation on how specific attachment states of mind and corresponding risk factors related to different DSM Axis I comorbidities in subjects with BPD. Mental representations of attachment in four BPD sub-groups (BPD and Anxiety/Mood Disorders, BPD and Substance Use and Abuse Disorders, BPD and Alcohol Use and Abuse Disorders, and BPD and Eating Disorders) were assessed in 140 BPD subjects using the Adult Attachment Interview (AAI). In addition to the global attachment picture in which Insecure organized (Dismissing 51% and Enmeshed 35%) and Insecure disorganized categories (40%) were overrepresented, significant differences in attachment category were found between the four BPD sub-groups. Axis I comorbidities corresponded with attachment features on the int... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5141339 Fri, 19 Aug 2011 21:08:22 +0100 5141339 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5141338&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21838647%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Neustadt EA, Chamorro-Premuzic T, Furnham A Abstract This paper examines the relations between self-reported attachment orientation at work and personality, self-esteem, trait emotional intelligence (aka emotional self-efficacy), and independently assessed career potential and job performance. Self-report data were collected from 211 managers in an international business in the hospitality industry; independent assessments of these managers' job performance and career potential were separately obtained from the organization. A self-report measure of romantic attachment was adapted for application in the work context; a two-factor solution was found for this measure. Secure/autonomous attachment orientation at work was positively related to self-esteem, trait emotional inte... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5141338 Fri, 19 Aug 2011 21:08:18 +0100 5141338 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5141337&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21838648%26dopt%3DAbstract This study examined the antecedents of preschool age children's mental representations of attachment, assessed using the Attachment Story Completion Task (ASCT). Antecedent predictors were maternal attachment scripts, assessed using the Attachment Script Assessment (ASA), and the child's secure base behaviors, assessed using the Attachment Q-Set (AQS). Participants were 121 mothers and their preschool children assessed in three samples (Portuguese sample, n = 31; US Midwestern sample, n = 38; US Southeastern sample, n = 52). AQS and ASA assessments were completed approximately 1.5 years before the ASCT data were collected. No cross-sample contrasts for the attachment variables were significant. Correlations and structural equation modeling (SEM) indicated that the three attachment me... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5141337 Fri, 19 Aug 2011 21:08:12 +0100 5141337 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5141336&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21838649%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Haydon KC, Roisman GI, Marks MJ, Fraley RC Abstract Building on studies examining the latent structure of attachment-related individual differences as assessed by the Adult Attachment Interview (AAI) via Principal Components Analysis, the current report further explores the validity of four AAI dimensions reported by Haydon, Roisman, and Burt (in press): dismissing states of mind, preoccupied states of mind, and inferred negative experience with maternal and paternal caregivers. Study 1 reports evidence of distinctive cognitive correlates of dismissing vs. preoccupied states of mind with reaction time in an attachment Stroop task and the valence of endorsed self-descriptors, respectively. Study 2 replicates prior meta-analytic findings of generally trivial convergence betw... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5141336 Fri, 19 Aug 2011 21:08:08 +0100 5141336 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5052727&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21718221%26dopt%3DAbstract This study included two different methods to assess mother-child attachment, questionnaires, and a doll play story stem interview, so their overlap could be evaluated. In addition, we investigated how attachment is related to parenting and child depression. The sample was comprised of 10- to 12-year-olds (N = 87) and their mothers. Children completed questionnaires (assessing security, avoidance, and ambivalence), and were administered a doll play interview to assess attachment patterns (security, avoidance, ambivalence, and disorganization). Two aspects of parenting (warmth/ engagement and psychological control) were assessed with child reports and observer ratings of maternal behavior. We also obtained child reports of depressive symptoms. Questionnaire and interview measures of attach... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5052727 Thu, 30 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5052727 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5052726&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21718222%26dopt%3DAbstract This study examines longitudinal links between mother-child conversations and attachment patterns in early childhood and later attachment representations. It also tests the role of conversations as mediators in the association between behavioral security and attachment representations. Mother-child conversations (snack-time) and attachment behaviors (Separation-Reunion procedure) were assessed for 83 5.5-year-olds while attachment representations (attachment narratives) were measured at 8.5 years of age. Results showed correspondence between attachment behaviors and representations for secure-confident, ambivalent-preoccupied, and disorganized/controlling-frightened groups. Affective quality of mother-child conversations predicted both child attachment behaviors and representations. Secure... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5052726 Thu, 30 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5052726 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5052725&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21718223%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Page T, Boris NW, Heller S, Robinson L, Hawkins S, Norwood R Children's responses on a Narrative Story Stem Technique (NSST) were coded using scales reflecting essential attachment constructs, specifically, attachment, exploratory, sociability, and caregiving behavioral systems, as originally conceived by Bowlby ( 1973 , 1982 ) and elaborated upon by his followers (Cassidy, 2008 ). NSST responses were examined in relation to both mother- and teacher-reported psycho-social adjustment and risk using the MacArthur Health & Behavior Questionnaire (HBQ). Forty-six children participated (average age 6 years 10 months), 19 of whom had high-risk backgrounds, and the rest demographically matched. Findings indicate that NSST scales were associated with behavior on certain HBQ scales... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5052725 Thu, 30 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5052725 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5052724&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21718224%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, we evaluated complex patterns of attachment discontinuity across time in 133 individuals from the Minnesota Study of Risk and Adaptation. In addition to individuals who were either insecure or secure across infancy, late adolescence, and adulthood (Stably Insecure and Stably Secure, respectively), we found three additional groups: Infant/Adolescent Secure, Infant/Adult Secure, and Infant-only Secure. Changes in attachment representations in these groups across time corresponded to stresses and supports in the socio-emotional context. The two groups classified as secure in adulthood (Stably Secure and Infant/Adult Secure) experienced more positive relationship-based outcomes than the other three groups. Our results suggest that continuity may be a reflection of a stable socia... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5052724 Thu, 30 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5052724 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5052723&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21718225%26dopt%3DAbstract This study explored the kinds of relationship experiences associated with earned-security, i.e., the extent to which mothers who report early negative relationship histories with their parents are later able to form a secure working model of attachment (indicated by the ability to speak clearly and coherently about these histories). Mothers from a low-risk sample (N = 121) expecting their first child completed the Adult Attachment Interview (AAI), which was used to assess earned-security retrospectively using the stringent definition recommended by Main and Hesse (Hesse, 2008 ; Main, Goldwyn, & Hesse, 2002 ), as well as to identify alternative support figures. Participants also completed self-report measures of depressive symptomatology, questionnaires concerning their experiences in... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5052723 Thu, 30 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5052723 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4755459&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21506027%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Stevenson-Hinde J, Shouldice A, Chicot R In a community sample of mothers (N = 763), 46% rated their anxiety above a "normal" range compared with only 15% for depression. Mothers without a partner had significantly higher anxiety (but not depression) than those with a partner. In a subsample of intact families with 1-3 children and mothers selected for low, medium, or high anxiety levels (N = 98), their 4.5-year-olds were observed for behavioral inhibition (BI) and attachment. Although ratings of maternal anxiety (MA) and BI were each significantly negatively correlated with ratings of attachment security, regression analyses showed MA as the only significant predictor. With patterns of attachment, only the Ambivalent group had significantly high levels of both BI and MA. ... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4755459 Wed, 27 Apr 2011 18:15:45 +0100 4755459 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4755458&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21506028%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Carnelley KB, Hepper EG, Hicks C, Turner W Coming out as lesbian, gay, or bisexual (LGB) to one's parents can be a challenging experience and may lead to acceptance or rejection. Attachment theory can help predict parents' reactions to coming out and consequences for romantic attachment. In a cross-sectional study of 309 LGB individuals, we found that those who perceived their mother as accepting in childhood were more likely to have come out to her. Moreover, parents perceived as accepting and independence-encouraging in childhood were reported to react more positively to their child's sexual orientation. Mothers' positive reactions were associated with lower romantic attachment anxiety for men. The links between parent-child relationship quality and optimism and trust in rom... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4755458 Wed, 27 Apr 2011 18:15:40 +0100 4755458 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4755457&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21506029%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Madigan S, Voci S, Benoit D The present study assessed the stability of atypical caregiver behaviors over six years. The sample included 81 mother-child dyads (27 children with cystic fibrosis, 27 with congenital heart disease, and 27 healthy controls). Attachment was assessed using the Strange Situation paradigm when the child was one year old. Atypical caregiver behaviors were assessed in the Strange Situation paradigm at one year and again in a reunion episode at seven years of age using the Atypical Maternal Behavior Instrument for Assessment and Classification (AMBIANCE). Stability of atypical caregiver behaviors over six years was established. Atypical caregiver behaviors assessed when the child was one year old were related to infant-caregiver disorganized attachment an... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4755457 Wed, 27 Apr 2011 18:15:35 +0100 4755457 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4755456&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21506030%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Bakermans-Kranenburg MJ, van Ijzendoorn MH, Caspers K, Philibert R In the current study we tested whether the dopamine receptor D4 (DRD4) genotype moderates the association of experienced parental problems during childhood (e.g., parental depression, marital discord) with unresolved loss or trauma during the Adult Attachment Interview. To test the specificity of this moderation the role of the serotonin transporter gene promoter (5-HTTLPR) was also examined. Subjects were 124 adopted adults (mean age 39 years). Participants with the DRD4-7 repeat (7R) allele who experienced parental problems had the highest scores for unresolved loss or trauma whereas participants with DRD4-7R who did not experience parental problems showed the lowest ratings. Among participants without DRD4-7... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4755456 Wed, 27 Apr 2011 18:15:30 +0100 4755456 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4755455&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21506031%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Conde A, Figueiredo B, Bifulco A The present study addresses the gap in research concerning poor marital support together with insecure attachment style explaining risk for anxiety or depression in both members of a couple expecting a baby. The Attachment Style Interview (ASI) was administered separately to both members of a couple (N = 126) during the second trimester of pregnancy together with measures of state-anxiety (STAI-S) and depression (EPDS). These measures were repeated at three months postpartum. While insecure attachment style was related to higher anxiety and depression symptoms in both partners at both time periods, there was an increase of postnatal depression symptoms in women. Poor partner support contributed to anxiety symptoms only in men. When insecure a... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4755455 Wed, 27 Apr 2011 18:15:25 +0100 4755455 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4755454&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21506032%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Beaulieu-Pelletier G, Philippe FL, Lecours S, Couture S The purposes of the present research were to examine the relationship between attachment and extradyadic sex and to investigate a mediator of this relationship. Study 1 showed that attachment avoidance was positively associated with extradyadic sex, while attachment anxiety was unrelated to it. These results were maintained after controlling for sexual satisfaction, sexual desire, gender, and age. Study 2 replicated the results from Study 1, while also controlling for couple adjustment. Study 3 used a prospective design and further showed that concerns with the partner's desire for engagement mediated the relationship between attachment avoidance and extradyadic sex. Overall, the findings suggest that attachment avoidance... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4755454 Wed, 27 Apr 2011 18:15:20 +0100 4755454 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4581641&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21390905%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, approximately 1000 dreams reported by 68 young adults who kept dream diaries for a month were analyzed using the Core Conflictual Relationships Theme method, and the themes were examined in relation to (a) scores on the Experiences in Close Relationships measure of attachment anxiety and avoidance and (b) stress experienced the day before each dream. In line with attachment theory and previous research, attachment-related avoidance predicted avoidant wishes and negative representations of other people in dreams. Attachment anxiety predicted wishes for interpersonal closeness, especially in dreams following stressful days, and negative representations of self and both positive and negative representations of others, with negative representations being more common in dreams fo... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4581641 Tue, 01 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4581641 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4581640&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21390906%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Csoka S, Simor P, Szabo G, Kopp MS, Bodizs R Early maternal separation is a particularly stressful experience. Current models of nightmare production emphasize negative emotionality as having a central role in determining dream affect. Our aim is to test the hypothesis that persons who experienced early maternal separation (before one year of age and lasting at least one month) report more frequent nightmare experiences and bad dreams as adults. In the frame of the Hungarostudy Epidemiological Panel, 5020 subjects were interviewed. Significant associations were found between early maternal separation and both frequent nightmare experience in adulthood and increased frequency of oppressive and bad dreams. Current depression scores fully mediated the association between early se... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4581640 Tue, 01 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4581640 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4581639&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21390907%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: McNamara P, Pace-Schott EF, Johnson P, Harris E, Auerbach S Based on REM sleep's brain activation patterns and its participation in consolidation of emotional memories, we tested the hypothesis that measures of REM sleep architecture and REM sleep-related mentation would be associated with attachment orientation. After a habituation night in a sleep lab, a convenience sample of 64 healthy volunteers were awakened 10 minutes into a REM sleep episode and 10 minutes into a control NREM sleep episode in counterbalanced order, then asked to report a dream and to rate themselves and a significant other on a list of trait adjectives. Relative to participants classified as having secure attachment orientations, participants classified as anxious took less time to enter REM sleep and h... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4581639 Tue, 01 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4581639 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4581638&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21390908%26dopt%3DAbstract This study examined associations between attachment insecurity and autonomic response during the Adult Attachment Interview (AAI) in a sample of 47 women with eating disorders using a new system for the synchronous acquisition of behavioral and physiological data: the Bio Dual-channel and Representation of Attachment Multimedia System (BioDReAMS; Soares, Cunha, Zhan Jian Li, Pinho, & Neves, 1998). Consistent with the emerging literature on the psychophysiology of adult attachment, insecurity was positively correlated with electrodermal reactivity during the AAI. Furthermore, relatively secure patients showed some evidence of parasympathetic withdrawal, which can be conceptualized as evidence of more effective emotion regulation. Results suggest that, even among women with diagnosed psy... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4581638 Tue, 01 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4581638 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4581637&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21390909%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Goldwyn R, Hugh-Jones S A feasibility study was conducted to examine the usability of the Adult Attachment Interview (AAI) and its coding system with 10 adolescents presenting with Reactive Attachment Disorder (RAD). Given that the measure was deemed usable with all 10 participants, the study then sought to identify the attachment status of the sample. Three transcripts were subjected to inter-rater reliability checks. All transcripts indicated a high level of insecurity, with five participants classified as organized-insecure and five assigned to the cannot classify category. However, a number of issues were raised in the administration and coding of the transcripts concerning participant distress, coding of inferred carer behaviour and experiences of unresolved loss or traum... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4581637 Tue, 01 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4581637 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4581636&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21390910%26dopt%3DAbstract We report the proceedings of the second meeting of RIA held in Panama City, Panama, in February 2010. As part of this meeting, RIA sponsored the first Latin-American attachment conference. Proceedings of the conference are described, as are future goals of this new organization. PMID: 21390910 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Attachment and Human Development) Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4581636 Tue, 01 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4581636 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4406260&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21240691%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Berlin LJ PMID: 21240691 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Attachment and Human Development) Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4406260 Sat, 01 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4406260 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4406259&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21240692%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Howard K, Martin A, Berlin LJ, Brooks-Gunn J Drawing on theories of attachment and family instability, this study examined associations between early mother-child separation and subsequent maternal parenting behaviors and children's outcomes in a sample of 2080 families who participated in the Early Head Start Research and Evaluation Project, the vast majority of whom were poor. Multiple regression models revealed that, controlling for baseline family and maternal characteristics and indicators of family instability, the occurrence of a mother-child separation of a week or longer within the first two years of life was related to higher levels of child negativity (at age three) and aggression (at ages three and five). The effect of separation on child aggression at age five was... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4406259 Sat, 01 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4406259 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4406258&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21240693%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Green BL, Furrer CJ, McAllister CL Understanding the association between attachment style and social support is important for informing programs that seek to improve outcomes for families by intervening with either or both of these systems. The present study examines whether increasing levels of social support among 181 low-income, primarily African American mothers leads to changes in their self-reported attachment style, or whether attachment style influences the extent to which they perceive others as supportive. Results suggest that whereas scores on the avoidant attachment dimension were relatively stable and led to decreasing perceptions of social support over time, scores on the anxious dimension were more malleable, at least under conditions of low stress. For mothers ... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4406258 Sat, 01 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4406258 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4406257&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21240694%26dopt%3DAbstract This study examined maternal depression, attachment avoidance, and attachment anxiety as moderators of Early Head Start's effects on four parenting outcomes assessed at age three. Participants (N = 947) were drawn from six sites of the Early Head Start National Research and Evaluation Project, a multi-site randomized trial. Findings suggest more positive program effects for mothers with less initial attachment avoidance or attachment anxiety. First, baseline attachment avoidance moderated Early Head Start program effects on observed maternal supportiveness, such that program mothers with lower baseline attachment avoidance were rated as more supportive of their three-year-olds than program mothers with higher baseline attachment avoidance. Second, program effects on spanking varied depen... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4406257 Sat, 01 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4406257 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4406256&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21240695%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Spieker S, Nelson EM, Condon MC A new observational measure of attachment strategies in the home, the Toddler Attachment Sort-45 (TAS-45) was completed for 59 18- to 36-month-old recipients of EHS. Mothers completed the Brief Infant Toddler Social and Emotional Assessment (BITSEA); children were tested on the Preschool Language Scale (PLS-4); and a mother-child snack was videotaped and coded for dyadic mutuality. The TAS-45 Security score was associated with more dyadic mutuality, higher language and competence scores, and lower problem scores. Discriminant validity was evidenced by a lack of associations with the TAS-45 Dependence score. The TAS-45 Disorganized "hotspot" (cluster) score also showed expected associations with these outcomes. Results are discussed in terms of n... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4406256 Sat, 01 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4406256 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4406255&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21240696%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Thompson RA The remarkable papers in this Special Issue underscore the importance of applied research on families in poverty, the opportunities to developmental science of the Early Head Start National Research and Evaluation Project, and the mutual benefits from collaborations between research scientists and program practitioners. This commentary highlights the insights of these papers concerning the consequences of maternal attachment style and mother-child interaction, the challenges of assessing attachment in intervention research, and the program and policy implications of these findings. PMID: 21240696 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Attachment and Human Development) Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4406255 Sat, 01 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4406255 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4406254&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21240697%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Boris NW, Zeanah CH Early Head Start is the only federal program in the United States to support families from birth to three-years, a phase in which attachment is a central developmental task. The papers which make up this Special Issue represent formative work in using attachment theory and measures to frame research in Early Head Start. In this commentary, we offer some initial thoughts on how each of the studies presented might be used to foster program improvement and inspire research that will address pressing questions looking forward. PMID: 21240697 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Attachment and Human Development) Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4406254 Sat, 01 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4406254 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4063841&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20931412%26dopt%3DAbstract This study examined links between mothers' Adult Attachment Interview ratings (AAI; Main, Goldwyn, & Hesse, 2003) and their preschool children's IQ among 70 families who had experienced domestic violence. As predicted, children displayed significantly stronger verbal and perceptual-organizational abilities when their mothers exhibited more secure, i.e. coherent, states of mind regarding attachment. Mothers' coherence of mind on the AAI explained 18% of the variance in children's Verbal IQ and 12% of the variance in children's Performance IQ, after controlling for maternal education. Mothers' attachment security also was related to children's total IQ score, but this association was accounted for by effects on children's Verbal IQ. Children whose mothers were rated as unclassifiable on ... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4063841 Thu, 14 Oct 2010 05:50:17 +0100 4063841 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4063840&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20931413%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Kouvo AM, Silven M The aim of the longitudinal study was to examine, for the first time in a Nordic country, whether autonomous parenting in infancy affects psychosocial adjustment in preadolescence. Attachment representations of mothers and fathers were investigated with the Adult Attachment Interview in a community sample of two-parent Finnish families. Most mothers and fathers were classified as autonomous, a finding which is in line with normative Western distributions. Moreover, the ratio of dismissing versus preoccupied adults was similar to Western norms. Demographic characteristics such as family structure and years of education differentiated autonomous from non-autonomous mothers. In preadolescence, the children who had experienced at least one autonomous parent were... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4063840 Thu, 14 Oct 2010 05:50:13 +0100 4063840 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4063839&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20931414%26dopt%3DAbstract This study considers whether type of placement (foster care versus institutional care) is related to patterns of attachment representation and the quality of psychological adjustment in a sample of 48 young adults, who grew up either in foster care or in institutions. The subjects were interviewed using the Adult Attachment Interview (George, Kaplan, & Main, 1996, [2001]) and their psychological adjustment was assessed by using the Brief Symptom Inventory (Derogatis, 1993; German version by Franke, 2000). The results show significantly more positive effects of foster care when compared with institutional upbringing. These findings support the possibility of a beneficial effect of an alternative stable (foster) family relationship for children's psychological development. Implications f... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4063839 Thu, 14 Oct 2010 05:50:09 +0100 4063839 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4063838&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20931415%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, we examined maternal reflective functioning as a bi-dimensional construct in a sample of 47 mothers with drug use disorders caring for infants and toddlers. We first tested a two-factor solution with scale items from the Parent Development Interview and confirmed the presence of two related but distinct dimensions: self-mentalization and child-mentalization. We then tested predictions that (a) self-mentalization would be associated with overall quality of maternal caregiving and that (b) child-mentalization would be associated with (i) maternal contingent behavior and (ii) child communication. Results partially supported hypotheses (a) and (bii). Unexpectedly, self-mentalization alone was associated with maternal contingent behavior. Findings suggest that self-mentalization ... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4063838 Thu, 14 Oct 2010 05:50:06 +0100 4063838 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3900448&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20730638%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: von der Lippe A, Eilertsen DE, Hartmann E, Killen K The influence of maternal attachment on children's attachment and executive functioning skills through maternal sensitivity and decentered tutoring were studied in 40 middle-class mother-child dyads. Infant attachment security in the Strange Situation Procedure was related to maternal attachment security, evaluated with the Adult Attachment Interview. When the children were six-seven months of age, maternal sensitivity was evaluated. When the child was six years old, maternal decentered tutoring and the children's executive functioning were evaluated. Regression analyses indicated that maternal tutoring accounted for the association between maternal attachment and child cognitive functioning, whereas maternal sensitivity acco... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3900448 Thu, 26 Aug 2010 01:27:15 +0100 3900448 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3900447&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20730639%26dopt%3DAbstract This study investigated links between internal working models of attachment and the quality of adult love relationships in a high risk sample of women (n = 34), all of whom reported negative parenting in childhood. Half of the sample was identified as having a history of satisfying adult love relationships, while the remainder had experienced ongoing adult relationship problems. Measures of internal working models of attachment were made using the Adult Attachment Interview (AAI). A strong association was found between attachment classifications and the quality of adult love relationships. In addition, women with satisfying love relationships demonstrated significantly higher coherence of mind ratings than those with poor relationship histories. Insecure working models of attachment were a... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3900447 Thu, 26 Aug 2010 01:27:12 +0100 3900447 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3900446&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20730640%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Miga EM, Hare A, Allen JP, Manning N The relation of attachment states of mind and self reported attachment relationship styles to romantic partner aggression was examined in a community sample of 93 adolescents. Higher levels of insecure-preoccupied and insecure-dismissing states of mind, as assessed by the Adolescent Attachment Interview at age 14, were predictive, respectively, of perpetration and victimization of psychological aggression in romantic relationships four years later. Partners' romantic attachment anxiety was linked to both psychological and physical aggression perpetration in romantic relationships. Results are interpreted as suggesting the value of assessing aggression in adolescent romantic relationships in the context of broader patterns of regulation of a... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3900446 Thu, 26 Aug 2010 01:27:08 +0100 3900446 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3900445&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20730641%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Suchman NE, Decoste C, Castiglioni N, McMahon TJ, Rounsaville B, Mayes L This is a report of post-treatment findings from a completed randomized pilot study testing the preliminary efficacy of the Mothers and Toddlers Program (MTP), a 12 week attachment-based individual parenting therapy for mothers enrolled in substance abuse treatment and caring for children ages birth to 36 months. Forty-seven mothers were randomized to MTP versus the Parent Education Program (PE), a comparison intervention providing individual case management and child guidance brochures. At post-treatment, MTP mothers demonstrated better reflective functioning in the Parent Development Interview, representational coherence and sensitivity, and caregiving behavior than PE mothers. Partial support was also ... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3900445 Thu, 26 Aug 2010 01:27:05 +0100 3900445 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3711118&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20582841%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Cassidy J, Poehlmann J, Shaver PR The United States now incarcerates more people than any other country in the world (Pew Charitable Trust, 2008), and most of these incarcerated individuals have one or more children 18 years of age or younger (Glaze & Maruschak, 2008). Although the actual number is not known because the information is not systematically collected by jails, prisons, schools, child welfare agencies, or other organizations or institutions, a conservative estimate is that more than three million children are affected (Glaze & Maruschak, 2008; Western & Wildeman, 2009). In editing this special issue we had two major goals: (1) to introduce the many issues raised by parental incarceration to readers already grounded in attachment theory and research and ... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3711118 Wed, 30 Jun 2010 13:45:26 +0100 3711118 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3711117&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20582842%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Murray J, Murray L Theory and evidence relating parental incarceration, attachment, and psychopathology are reviewed. Parental incarceration is a strong risk factor for long-lasting psychopathology, including antisocial and internalizing outcomes. Parental incarceration might threaten children's attachment security because of parent-child separation, confusing communication about parental absence, restricted contact with incarcerated parents, and unstable caregiving arrangements. Parental incarceration can also cause economic strain, reduced supervision, stigma, home and school moves, and other negative life events for children. Thus, there are multiple possible mechanisms whereby parental incarceration might increase risk for child psychopathology. Maternal incarceration tend... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3711117 Wed, 30 Jun 2010 13:45:23 +0100 3711117 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3711116&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20582843%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Makariev DW, Shaver PR Incarceration of parents and pregnant women, which is quite common in the United States, creates problems for the incarcerated individuals' children. Here we summarize attachment research related to this issue and explain how attachment-related interventions might reduce both the negative effects on children of having their parents incarcerated and the likelihood of future crime and incarceration on the part of both the adults and their children. We consider the intergenerational transmission of attachment insecurity, the practice of having an incarcerated adult's parent take custody of the children, and the multitude of problems associated with incarcerated adults' attachment insecurity (including perpetrated and received abuse, drug and alcohol problem... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3711116 Wed, 30 Jun 2010 13:45:20 +0100 3711116 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3711115&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20582844%26dopt%3DAbstract We present data on 20 women and their infants who completed the full dosage of treatment (a residential-living phase from pregnancy until infant age six months and community-living phase until 12 months). Results indicated that (1) program infants had rates of attachment security and attachment disorganization comparable to rates typically found in low-risk samples (and more favorable than those typically found in high-risk samples); (2) program mothers had levels of maternal sensitivity comparable to mothers in an existing community comparison group; and (3) improvement over time emerged for maternal depressive symptomatology, but not other aspects of maternal functioning. Given the lack of a randomized control group, results are discussed in terms of the exploratory, program-development ... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3711115 Wed, 30 Jun 2010 13:45:17 +0100 3711115 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3711114&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20582845%26dopt%3DAbstract We report attachment classifications in a sample of pregnant women incarcerated in a state prison with a nursery program. Analyses were based on 69 women serving sentences for felony crimes who were followed from the birth of their child to completion of the prison nursery co-residence. They completed the Adult Attachment Interview shortly after entering the program and scales measuring depression, perceived parenting competency, and social support at study entry (Time 1) and program completion (Time 2). Incarcerated mothers had higher rates of insecure attachment than previous low-risk community samples. Compared with dismissing and secure mothers, preoccupied mothers reported higher levels of depressive symptoms, lower parenting competency, and lower satisfaction with social support at t... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3711114 Wed, 30 Jun 2010 13:45:14 +0100 3711114 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3711113&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20582846%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Byrne MW, Goshin LS, Joestl SS Within a larger intervention study, attachment was assessed with the Strange Situation Procedure for 30 infants who co-resided with their mothers in a prison nursery. Sixty percent of infants were classified secure, 75% who co-resided a year or more and 43% who co-resided less than a year, all within the range of normative community samples. The year-long co-residing group had significantly more secure and fewer disorganized infants than predicted by their mothers' attachment status, measured by the Adult Attachment Interview, and a significantly greater proportion of secure infants than meta-analyzed community samples of mothers with low income, depression, or drug/alcohol abuse. Using intergenerational data collected with rigorous methods, this... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3711113 Wed, 30 Jun 2010 13:45:12 +0100 3711113 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3711112&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20582847%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Shlafer RJ, Poehlmann J This longitudinal, mixed method study focused on 57 families of children who participated in a mentoring program for children of incarcerated parents. Children ranged in age from 4 to 15 years. Monthly interviews were conducted with children, caregivers, and mentors during the first six months of program participation, and questionnaires were administered at intake and six months to assess caregiver-child and incarcerated parent-child relationships, contact with incarcerated parents, and children's behavior problems. Although some children viewed their incarcerated parents as positive attachment figures, other children reported negative feelings toward or no relationship with incarcerated parents. In addition, our assessments of children nine years old ... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3711112 Wed, 30 Jun 2010 13:45:09 +0100 3711112 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3711111&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20582848%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Bretherton I This commentary has two parts. In the first part I highlight major theoretical issues raised by the two integrative articles, adding my own perspective and interpretations. Next I discuss selected findings from the two intervention programs designed to enhance infant-mother attachment in prison- and jail-diversion nurseries and the multi-informant interview study of children's, caregivers', and mentors' comments about an incarcerated parent. I offer some additional background, queries, and what I hope to be clarifications. In the second part of this commentary, I reflect on ways in which theory and findings presented in this special issue might inform future intervention research on children of incarcerated parents and their families, briefly touching on issues re... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3711111 Wed, 30 Jun 2010 13:45:06 +0100 3711111 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3582332&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20473793%26dopt%3DAbstract This study examined the mentalization capabilities of children exposed to parental methamphetamine abuse in relation to symptom underreporting, mental health, and behavioral outcomes. Twenty-six school-aged children in foster care participated in this study. Mentalization was assessed using the My Family Stories Interview (MFSI), a semi-structured interview in which children recalled family stories about a happy, sad or scary and fun time. An established scale of the Trauma Symptom Checklist for Children (TSCC), a self-report measure, provided information on children's symptom underreporting. The Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL), completed by the children's foster caregivers, assessed children's mental health and behavioral outcomes. Children with higher mentalization were significantly les... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3582332 Fri, 30 Apr 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3582332 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3582331&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20473794%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Reiner I, Spangler G Recently, the Dopamine D4 Receptor Gene (DRD4) and the Serotonin Transporter Gene (5-HTT) have been found to be candidate genes for infant attachment disorganization. The present study aimed to explore the relationship of these genes to adult attachment representations. The Adult Attachment Interview was used to assess attachment representations in 167 German adults. DNA from buccal cells was genotyped for the DRD4 VNTR Exon III and 5-HTT LPR polymorphisms with respect to the presence of the 7repeat allele and the short allele, respectively. DRD4 7repeat allele carriers were significantly more likely to be securely attached than those without 7repeat but only for subjects with unloving caregiver recollections. No association between the 5-HTT LPR polymorph... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3582331 Fri, 30 Apr 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3582331 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3582330&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20473795%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Fraedrich EM, Lakatos K, Spangler G To examine emotional face processing in mothers of different attachment representations, event-related potentials were recorded from 16 mothers during presentation of infant emotion faces with positive, negative or neutral emotional expressions within a three-stimulus oddball paradigm, and frontal asymmetries were assessed. Insecure mothers, as compared to secure ones, showed a more pronounced negativity in the face-sensitive N170 component and a smaller N200 amplitude. Regarding the P300 component, secure mothers showed a stronger response to face stimuli than insecure mothers. No differences were found for frontal asymmetry scores. The results indicate that attachment differences may be related to neuropsychological functioning. PMID: ... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3582330 Fri, 30 Apr 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3582330 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3582329&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20473796%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: De Haene L, Grietens H, Verschueren K Starting from an outline of the refugee experience as a process of cumulative traumatisation, we review research literature on mental health outcomes in refugees. Next, an integration of findings on relational processes in refugee families documents the role of the family unit as a key interactive context patterning the impact of sequential traumatisation. Relating these trauma- and migration-specific family processes to their central dimension of provision or disruption of emotional availability in a context of chronic adversity, we aim to explore the development of unresolved and insecure parental states of mind regarding attachment during forced migration. Starting the research report, a method discussion on the administration of 11 Adu... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3582329 Fri, 30 Apr 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3582329 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3582328&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20473797%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Balbernie R This paper suggests that the behaviours associated with the formal diagnosis of the "disinhibited" form of reactive attachment disorder (RAD) might be seen as a functional adaptation rather than a mental health problem, a facultative response enhancing the probability of survival that is triggered by certain conditions. Although disinhibited RAD is most commonly observed in institutionalised children, similar behaviours may also be a part of the emotional difficulties displayed by some fostered and adopted children (the latter includes those once institutionalised), and these may demonstrate not so much a discrete attachment disorder as either the need to fend for oneself following loss of dedicated caregiving or a lack of opportunity to build specific intimate rel... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3582328 Fri, 30 Apr 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3582328 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3476132&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20390523%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Steele H PMID: 20390523 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Attachment and Human Development) Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3476132 Fri, 01 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3476132 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3476131&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20390524%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Beebe B, Jaffe J, Markese S, Buck K, Chen H, Cohen P, Bahrick L, Andrews H, Feldstein S A microanalysis of 4-month mother-infant face-to-face communication revealed a fine-grained specification of communication processes that predicted 12-month insecure attachment outcomes, particularly resistant and disorganized classifications. An urban community sample of 84 dyads were videotaped at 4 months during a face-to-face interaction, and at 12 months during the Ainsworth Strange Situation. Four-month mother and infant communication modalities of attention, affect, touch, and spatial orientation were coded from split-screen videotape on a 1 s time base; mother and infant facial-visual "engagement" variables were constructed. We used contingency measures (multi-level time-series mode... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3476131 Fri, 01 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3476131 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3476130&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20390525%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Mesman J PMID: 20390525 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Attachment and Human Development) Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3476130 Fri, 01 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3476130 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3476129&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20390526%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Woodhouse SS This commentary focuses on the important contributions of the Beebe et al. (present issue) study to understanding precursors to attachment, including the addition of a particular focus on infant contributions to the dyadic interactions related to attachment outcomes, as well as a better understanding of the precursors specific to insecure-ambivalent attachment and attachment disorganization. In addition, limitations of the time series methodology for interpreting the meaning of maternal interactive contingency findings from an attachment perspective are discussed. Finally, implications of the present study for both clinical work and research are highlighted throughout. PMID: 20390526 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Attachment and Human Development) Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3476129 Fri, 01 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3476129 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3476128&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20390527%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Broussard ER, Cassidy J The goal of the present study was to examine the predictive relation between an individual's newborn status, as rated with the Neonatal Perception Inventories (NPI), and his or her adult attachment organization, as rated with the Adult Attachment Interview (AAI). All participants (N = 26) had been healthy, full-term, singleton, first-born infants whose mothers were recruited during the immediate postpartum hospital stay. The NPI were collected during home visits made when infants were 4-6 weeks old. The AAI was administered 30 to 40 years later. The study hypothesis was that adult participants whose mothers had held negative perceptions of them as newborns would be more likely to be classified as insecure on the AAI than participants whose mothers had h... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3476128 Fri, 01 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3476128 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3476127&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20390528%26dopt%3DAbstract This study assessed the trajectories of four mother-child relational behaviors at six time-points from 3 months to 13 years: maternal sensitivity, child social engagement, mother intrusiveness, and dyadic reciprocity. Trajectories were examined separately for infants who later exhibited higher and lower psychological adaptation in adolescence. Overall, relational behaviors changed substantially with age in non-linear ways and changes in the four patterns were inter-related. Differences between the high- and low-adaptation groups were observed for maternal sensitivity and intrusiveness already in infancy and differences on all factors emerged at the transition to adolescence. Maternal sensitivity, mother intrusiveness, and dyadic reciprocity were individually stable from infancy to adolesce... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3476127 Fri, 01 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3476127 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3312208&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20183553%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Steele H PMID: 20183553 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Attachment and Human Development) Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3312208 Sun, 01 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3312208 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3312207&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20183554%26dopt%3DAbstract This study shows no protective effect of secure attachment representations in the development of PTSD. AAI unresolved state of mind with respect to deployment related trauma and PTSD correlate strongly, due to the common core phenomenon of lack of integration. PMID: 20183554 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Attachment and Human Development) Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3312207 Sun, 01 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3312207 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3312206&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20183555%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, women with a non-autonomous state of mind regarding attachment were significantly more likely to experience recurrent depression. The earlier classification of the child's attachment to the mother from the Strange Situation Procedure was not related to the family drawing. PMID: 20183555 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Attachment and Human Development) Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3312206 Sun, 01 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3312206 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3312205&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20183556%26dopt%3DAbstract Comments on "Changing attitudes towards the care of children in hospital: a new assessment of the influence of the work of Bowlby and Robertson in the UK, 1940-1970" by Frank C.P. van der Horst and Rene van der Veer (Attachment & Human Development Vol 11, No 2, March 2009, 119-142). Attach Hum Dev. 2009 Nov;11(6):557-561 Authors: Robertson J, McGilly K The importance of James Robertson's work in changing the hospital conditions for young children is widely acknowledged but disputed by van der Horst and van der Veer (2009), although they presented evidence supporting his influence, they also presented considerable evidence showing that others were ignored, including writers in The Lancet and the British Medical Journal. van der Horst and van der Veer presented a muddled pict... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3312205 Sun, 01 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3312205 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3312204&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20183557%26dopt%3DAbstract Comments on the article "Changing attitudes towards the care of children in hospital: a new assessment of the influence of the work of Bowlby and Robertson in the UK, 1940-1970" by Frank C.P. van der Horst and Rene van der Veer (Attachment and Human Development Vol 11, No 2, March 2009, 119-142). Attach Hum Dev. 2009 Nov;11(6):563-7 Authors: Lindsay M The authors give an impressive list of references, but these do not reflect the situation in the UK; most of those looking after children in hospital did not write about what they did or read about what others did. Children in hospital saw little or nothing of their parents, and once they had 'settled' the doctors and nurses were unaware of their distress. John Bowlby's interest in maternal deprivation led him to appoint James Rob... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3312204 Sun, 01 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3312204 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3312203&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20183558%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: van der Horst FC, van der Veer R In this contribution the authors reply to two commentaries - published in this issue - on their earlier paper discussing the changing attitudes towards the care of children in hospital in the UK between 1940 and 1970. They argue that the work of Robertson and Bowlby was indeed very important in bringing about these changes, but stand firm that the work of Robertson and Bowlby was not new or decisive. PMID: 20183558 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Attachment and Human Development) Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3312203 Sun, 01 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3312203 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3040526&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19946804%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Out D, Bakermans-Kranenburg MJ, Van Ijzendoorn MH Early adverse caregiving experiences constitute an important risk factor for the development of disorganized attachment in infancy, especially extreme insensitivity and frightening behavior associated with an unresolved loss or trauma. Using existing measures for frightening parenting and disrupted communication, we developed a new measure assessing Disconnected and extremely Insensitive Parenting (DIP), in order to investigate the unique contribution of disconnected and extremely insensitive parenting behaviors to infant disorganization. Maternal behavior was assessed during a laboratory session in a low-risk sample of 202 mothers and their infants. Construct and discriminant validity of the DIP was established for both types ... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3040526 Tue, 01 Sep 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3040526 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3040525&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19946805%26dopt%3DAbstract This study found no significant gender differences. These results suggest that loss is a risk factor for adult depression for both boys and girls and that the quality of early and later caregiving do not entirely buffer children from the effects of parental loss. PMID: 19946805 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Attachment and Human Development) Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3040525 Tue, 01 Sep 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3040525 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3040524&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19946806%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Bell LG, Bell DC This prospective longitudinal study explores the differential effects of family connection and family individuation measured during adolescence on later midlife well-being. Home interviews were held in the 1970s with 99 families of 245 adolescents. Connection and individuation in the family system were measured by self-report, a projective exercise, and coding of taped family interactions. Twenty-five years later, telephone interviews were conducted with 54 men and 120 women (representing 82 families) who had been adolescents in the 1970s interviews. Family connection (measured during adolescence) was associated with self-acceptance and positive relationships at midlife partially mediated by marriage. Family individuation (measured during adolescence) was asso... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3040524 Tue, 01 Sep 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3040524 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3040523&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19946807%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Aikins JW, Howes C, Hamilton C This 15-year longitudinal study examined the stability of attachment representations from infancy to adolescence and investigated the emergence of unresolved representations during adolescence in a sample of 47 16-year-olds. Attachment was assessed at 12 months using the Strange Situation Procedure, at 4 years using the modified Strange Situation Procedure, and again at 16 years with the Adult Attachment Projective (AAP). The emergence of unresolved classifications in adolescence (AAP) was associated with higher rates of negative life events, low levels of early mother-child relationship security (an aggregate measure of the 12-month and 4-year measures), negative teacher-child relationship experiences in middle childhood, and low early adolescen... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3040523 Tue, 01 Sep 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3040523 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2611731&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19603299%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Chango JM, McElhaney KB, Allen JP The current study examined the moderating effects of observed conflict management styles with friends on the link between adolescents' preoccupied attachment organization and changing levels of depressive symptoms from age 13 to age 18 years. Adolescents and their close friends were observed during a revealed differences task, and friends' behaviors were coded for both conflict avoidance and overpersonalizing attacks. Results indicated that preoccupied adolescents showed greater relative increases in depressive symptoms when their friends demonstrated overpersonalizing behaviors, vs. greater relative decreases in depressive symptoms when their friends avoided conflict by deferring to them. Results suggest the exquisite sensitivity of preoccupi... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2611731 Tue, 30 Jun 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2611731 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2611730&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19603300%26dopt%3DAbstract This study examined associations between mother-infant nighttime interactions and mother-infant attachment when infants were 12 months old. Forty-four mother-infant pairs participated in this study. For three consecutive nights at home, babies were observed in their cribs using a digital video system. Mothers reported on their nighttime interactions with their babies using a self-report diary and completed a questionnaire regarding child temperament. Attachment was assessed in the Strange Situation (Ainsworth, Blehar, Waters, & Wall, 1978). Mothers of securely attached infants had nighttime interactions that were generally more consistent, sensitive and responsive than those of insecurely attached infants. Specifically, in secure dyads, mothers generally picked up and soothed infants w... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2611730 Tue, 30 Jun 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2611730 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2611729&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19603301%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Nedelisky A, Steele M People with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) who hoard have been posited to have an atypical emotional attachment to the inanimate objects that they pathologically accumulate, yet this hypothesis has not been formally examined using methodology from the attachment field. To explore this hypothesis, attachment to people and to inanimate objects was assessed in 30 individuals with OCD (n = 14 hoarders, n = 16 non-hoarders). Attachment was assessed using standard measures of interpersonal attachment: the Reciprocal Attachment Questionnaire and the Five Minute Speech Statement. These measures were adapted to evaluate inanimate object attachment as well. The data provides preliminary evidence that individuals who hoard report significantly higher levels of ... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2611729 Tue, 30 Jun 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2611729 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2611728&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19603302%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Granqvist P, Fransson M, Hagekull B In this paper, we present a theoretical model and an empirical review linking disorganized attachment with New Age spiritual beliefs and activities via a proposed mediator; the propensity to enter altered states of consciousness (absorption/dissociation). Utilizing a prospective longitudinal design (N = 62), an empirical test of the mediational model is also provided for illustrational purposes. More specifically, we tested if unresolved/disorganized (U/d) attachment scores, as identified via the Adult Attachment Interview at the first assessment point, predicted New Age spirituality 3 years later, and whether this link was mediated by absorption. Results supported the mediational model, although the bivariate relation between U/d attachment... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2611728 Tue, 30 Jun 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2611728 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2611727&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19603303%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Barone L, Guiducci V Mental representations of attachment in a sample of adults with Eating Disorders (ED) were assessed using the Adult Attachment Interview (AAI). Sixty subjects participated in the study: 30 non-clinical and 30 clinical. The results obtained showed a specific distribution of attachment patterns in the clinical sample: 10% Free/Autonomous (F), 47% Insecure-Dismissing (Ds), 17% Insecure-Entangled/Preoccupied (E) and about 26% disorganized (CC/U). The two samples differed in their attachment pattern distribution and were significantly different on some coding system scales. Further information was obtained by analyzing differences between the three ED subtypes considered (i.e. Anorexia Nervosa, Bulimia Nervosa and Binge Eating Disorder) and by investigating the... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2611727 Tue, 30 Jun 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2611727 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2477871&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19455453%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Bakermans-Kranenburg MJ, van IJzendoorn MH More than 200 adult attachment representation studies, presenting more than 10,500 Adult Attachment Interview (AAI; George, Kaplan, & Main, 1985) classifications, have been conducted in the past 25 years. In a series of analyses on the distributions of the AAI classifications in various cultural and age groups, fathers, and high-risk and clinical samples, we used the distribution of the combined samples of North American non-clinical mothers (23% dismissing, 58% secure, 19% preoccupied attachment representations, and 18% additionally coded for unresolved loss or other trauma) to examine deviations from this normative pattern, through multinomial tests and analyses of correspondence. The analyses were restricted to AAI classificati... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2477871 Fri, 01 May 2009 04:00:00 +0100 2477871 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2477868&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19455454%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, the present study provided the first validity data for an observational measure of disorganization and control in middle childhood. PMID: 19455454 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Attachment and Human Development) Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2477868 Fri, 01 May 2009 04:00:00 +0100 2477868 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2477867&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19455455%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Finger B, Hans SL, Bernstein VJ, Cox SM This project examined interrelations between father-mother conflict, father support of mother, maternal behavior, and infant-mother attachment within a sample of 79 African American families living in a highly stressed urban community. Father support of mother was not related to maternal parenting behavior or infant attachment. Conflicted mother-father relationships were associated with problematic maternal behavior, low maternal sensitivity, infant attachment insecurity, and infant attachment disorganization. The associations between parental conflict and both infant attachment disorganization and insecurity were buffered in families in which fathers co-resided with the mother. Consistent with theory and prior research, links were also ... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2477867 Fri, 01 May 2009 04:00:00 +0100 2477867 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2477754&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19455456%26dopt%3DAbstract This study compares attachment representations (Family Attachment Interview; Bartholomew & Horowitz, 1991) of three groups of substance abusers and non-clinical controls. Heroin abusers (N = 22) were mainly fearful-avoidant, ecstasy abusers (N = 31) were preoccupied, fearful-avoidant and dismissing-avoidant, cannabis abusers (N = 19) were mainly dismissing and secure, and controls (N = 22) were mainly secure. Groups did differ in their level of psychosocial functioning (GAF) (cannabis > ecstasy > opioids). Differences in attachment prevailed when GAF was controlled. Based on the self-medication hypothesis we understand the preferences for specific substances to be influenced by specific attachment strategies. Heroin seems to be used as an emotional substitute for lacking coping s... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2477754 Fri, 01 May 2009 04:00:00 +0100 2477754 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2242705&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19266362%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: van der Horst FC, van der Veer R It is generally believed that the work of Bowlby and Robertson was new and decisive in changing the hospital conditions for young children. The fact that parents in the UK and other European countries can now visit their sick child at any time they wish or even room-in is attributed to an acquaintance with Bowlby's findings and Robertson's well-known films about the potentially detrimental effects of hospital stays for young children. In this paper we shall argue that this picture is incomplete and that, historically, things were rather more intricate. Bowlby and Robertson were neither the first nor the only researchers who tried to change hospital policies. Moreover, the older hospital policies were not uniformly bad. Long before Bowlby and Ro... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2242705 Sun, 01 Mar 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2242705 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2242703&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19266363%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Stacks AM, Oshio T The relationships among social skills, dysregulation of symbolic representations of attachment, and school readiness were examined. Participants were 74 preschool children from low-income families in Midwest America. Attachment representations and dysregulation of symbolic representations of attachment were assessed using a story completion task (George & Solomon, 2000) and teachers completed a survey of child behavior, which was used to assess social skills and school readiness skills. Dysregulated content in children's narratives and social skills were significant negative correlates of school readiness. There was also a marginally significant negative association between defensive dysregulation and school readiness skills for children classified as di... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2242703 Sun, 01 Mar 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2242703 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2242701&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19266364%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Fossati A, Acquarini E, Feeney JA, Borroni S, Grazioli F, Giarolli LE, Franciosi G, Maffei C The aims of this study were to develop a new measure of impulsive aggressiveness, and to assess whether this measure was associated with deficits in mentalized affectivity and adult attachment styles in a sample of 637 non-clinical participants. Extending Fonagy and Bateman's (2004) hypothesis, the mediating role of poor affectivity mentalization in the relationship between insecure attachment styles and impulsive aggression was also evaluated. Selected insecure attachment styles (R2(adjusted) = .18, p < .001) and deficits in mentalized affectivity (R(2)(adjusted) = .25, p < .001) were significantly associated with impulsive aggressiveness. The overall regression model accounted ... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2242701 Sun, 01 Mar 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2242701 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2242700&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19266365%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Carr A, Flanagan E, Dooley B, Fitzpatrick M, Flanagan-Howard R, Shevlin M, Tierney K, White M, Daly M, Egan J Two hundred and forty seven survivors of institutional abuse in Ireland were classified with the Experiences in Close Relationships Inventory as having fearful (44%), preoccupied (13%), dismissive (27%), or secure (17%) adult attachment styles. The group with the secure adult attachment style had the most positive profile, while the most negative profile occurred for the fearful group in terms of DSM IV diagnoses and scores on the Trauma Symptom Inventory, the Global Assessment of Functioning Scale, the World Health Organization Quality of Life 100 scale, and the Kansas Marital Satisfaction Scale. The profile of the preoccupied group was more similar to that of the fea... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2242700 Sun, 01 Mar 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2242700 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2242699&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19266366%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Merz EM, Consedine NS The current study examines the association between family support and wellbeing in the elderly, paying particular attention to the possible moderating role of attachment style. Data from a community-dwelling, ethnically diverse, elderly sample (N = 1118) were analyzed to determine the best linear combination of emotional support, instrumental support, and attachment styles predicting wellbeing. Emotional support generally was associated with higher wellbeing whereas instrumental support was related to decreased wellbeing. As expected, however, these associations were qualified by attachment style. Receiving emotional support had stronger positive and instrumental support less negative effects on the wellbeing of elderly individuals with higher attachment ... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2242699 Sun, 01 Mar 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2242699 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2168833&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19197700%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Cowan PA, Cowan CP PMID: 19197700 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Attachment and Human Development) Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2168833 Thu, 01 Jan 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2168833 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2168832&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19197701%26dopt%3DAbstract This study focused on maternal adult attachment with respect to family of origin experiences (assessed using the Adult Attachment Interview) as well as maternal marital attachment (assessed using the Marital Attachment Interview), both obtained during the prenatal period, to evaluate the extent to which accounting for family interaction patterns helps to elucidate links between mothers' adult attachment and children's attachment security. This conceptualization begins to address the complex nature of attachment within the family context, and findings suggest that family process (marital and family unit relationships) is an important mechanism to examine as a link between adult attachment and child outcomes. PMID: 19197701 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Attachment and Human Development) Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2168832 Thu, 01 Jan 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2168832 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2168831&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19197702%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Cowan PA, Cowan CP, Mehta N Most attachment theorists assume that parenting style is the central mechanism linking the quality of parents' attachment with their parents and adaptation in their children. Outside the attachment tradition, family risk models assume that many family factors affect children's adaptation, chief among them being couple relationship quality. The present study tests an integrated model that considers both theoretical and empirical links between attachment theory and family risk research. Seventy-three fathers and mothers whose first child was about to make the transition to elementary school were administered the Adult Attachment Interview and a new Couple Attachment Interview. The parents were also observed in separate visits during kindergarten year ... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2168831 Thu, 01 Jan 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2168831 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2168830&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19197703%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Woodhouse SS, Dykas MJ, Cassidy J The present study examined three sets of questions about secure base provision in the context of the family, including (1) relations between inter-parental perceptions of secure base provision and parents' adult romantic attachment and marital satisfaction, (2) interrelations among family members' perception of secure base provision, and (3) links between both adolescents' and parents' perceptions of secure base provision and adolescent symptoms. Participants were 189 adolescents from two-parent families (mean age = 17 years; 118 girls) and their parents. We found partial support for theorized links between perceptions of spousal secure base provision and spousal romantic attachment, as well as full support for expected associations between se... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2168830 Thu, 01 Jan 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2168830 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2168829&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19197704%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Bifulco A, Moran P, Jacobs C, Bunn A An intergenerational study examined mothers' insecure attachment style using the Attachment Style Interview (ASI; Bifulco et al., 2002a) in relation to her history of partner relationships, her parenting competence, and depression or anxiety disorder in her offspring. The sample comprised 146 high-risk, mother-adolescent offspring pairs in London, who were recruited on the basis of the mothers' psychosocial vulnerability for depression. Retrospective, biographical, and clinical interviews were undertaken independently with mother and offspring. A path model was developed, which showed that mothers' insecure attachment style had no direct link to either recalled child neglect/abuse or currently assessed disorder in their adolescent and young... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2168829 Thu, 01 Jan 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2168829 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2168828&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19197705%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Crowell JA, Treboux D, Brockmeyer S The purpose of this study was to explore adult attachment as a means of understanding the intergenerational transmission of divorce, that is, the propensity for the children of divorce to end their own marriages. Participants included 157 couples assessed 3 months prior to their weddings and 6 years later. Participants completed the Adult Attachment Interview and questionnaires about their relationships, and were videotaped with their partners in a couple interaction task. Results indicated that, in this sample, adult children of divorce were not more likely to divorce within the first 6 years of marriage. However, parental divorce increased the likelihood of having an insecure adult attachment status. For women, age at the time of their par... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2168828 Thu, 01 Jan 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2168828 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2168827&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19197706%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: George C This commentary examines papers in this special issue on couple attachment from the behavioral systems perspective that serves as the foundation of John Bowlby's attachment theory. PMID: 19197706 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Attachment and Human Development) Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2168827 Thu, 01 Jan 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2168827 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2168826&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19197707%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Clulow C No simple, direct equations can be drawn between attachment security and outcomes for children from the research presented in this special issue. Instead, a more complex picture emerges, and one that is likely to be convincing to clinicians. Psychotherapists, whose clinical gaze is drawn to relationship process rather than behavioral category and who need no convincing about the power of one person's subjective realities to shape those of others, will be drawn to the essentially relational conclusions of the research. This commentary observes the studies in this volume through the lens of couple psychotherapy, and suggests ways in which empirical research and clinical practice can enrich each other. In particular, it highlights the significance of the relationship bet... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2168826 Thu, 01 Jan 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2168826 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1970544&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19016046%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Thompson RA Bowlby's concept of mental working models of self, attachment figures, and the social world has been theoretically generative as a bridge between early relational experience and the beliefs and expectations that color later relationships. Contemporary attachment researchers, following his example, are applying new knowledge of children's conceptual development to their study of attachment-related mental representations in children and adults. The contributors to this special issue highlight recent advances in how the mental representations arising from attachment security should be conceptualized and studied, and identify a number of important directions for future work. This paper introduces the special issue by summarizing the major ideas of Bowlby and his follow... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1970544 Wed, 19 Nov 2008 16:22:32 +0100 1970544 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1970543&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19016047%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Raikes HA, Thompson RA Early emotional understanding is fostered by mother-child conversation in which mothers elaboratively enhance children's understanding. Little is known of the broader relational and risk factors influencing maternal discourse style, how discourse content and quality are associated with children's emotion language, and how these predict emotion understanding. In this longitudinal study of a high-risk sample, attachment security and family risks were assessed when children were 2 years old. One year later, observations of mother-child emotion conversation yielded measures of maternal discourse content and quality, and children's emotion words and emotion labels. Child emotion understanding was independently assessed one year later as well. Central findings... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1970543 Wed, 19 Nov 2008 16:22:28 +0100 1970543 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1970542&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19016048%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Steele H, Steele M, Croft C This paper reports on findings from a sample of 63 children at 6 years old, and 49 children at 11 years old, all from the same cohort who had been observed with mother in the Strange Situation at 1-year-old. At 6 and 11 years, the children responded to the task of providing verbal labels for line-drawn (caricatures of) emotion faces. The faces comprised the six basic emotions identified as such by Darwin (sadness, happiness, anger, fear, surprise, and disgust) as well as a neutral face and two more complex (blended) emotions (mischievousness and disappointment). Infant-mother attachment was linked significantly with children's emotion judgments 5 years and, to a lesser extent, 10 years after the Strange Situation assessment. Results are discussed in... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1970542 Wed, 19 Nov 2008 16:22:25 +0100 1970542 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1970541&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19016049%26dopt%3DAbstract The inner working model as a "theory of attachment": development during the preschool years. Attach Hum Dev. 2008 Dec;10(4):395-414 Authors: Delius A, Bovenschen I, Spangler G This investigation focuses on the ontogeny of the inner working model (IWM) of attachment during preschool age, specifically on preschoolers' knowledge about children's and caregivers' behavioral options in attachment-related situations. The study included two cross-sectional samples of children between 3 and 6 (N = 86) and 3 and 7 years (N = 95), respectively. Children's knowledge was assessed using a picture book with attachment-related stories. Findings show an increase of attachment-related knowledge with the most rapid changes from 4 to 5 years. Moreover, children had more profound knowledge about th... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1970541 Wed, 19 Nov 2008 16:22:22 +0100 1970541 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1970540&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19016050%26dopt%3DAbstract This study examines the influence of mother-child and family interactions on the development of child attachment representations in middle childhood for a sample of 49 families. Mother-child interactions were observed during a snacktime in a lab setting (Moss, Rousseau, Parent, St-Laurent, & Saintonge, 1998) when children were 5-6 years old. Three years later, children's attachment representations were assessed using a doll play narrative procedure (Solomon, George, & DeJong, 1995) in the lab setting. Within 6 months of the second lab visit, family interactions were filmed during mealtime and coded using the Mealtime Interaction Coding System (MICS; Dickstein, Hayden, Schiller, Seifer, & San Antonio, 1994). Results showed clear differences between attachment groups on quality o... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1970540 Wed, 19 Nov 2008 16:22:18 +0100 1970540 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1970539&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19016051%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Goodvin R, Meyer S, Thompson RA, Hayes R Although studies document that young children perceive themselves in psychologically-relevant ways, much remains to be understood about early self-concept development and how it is influenced by relational experience. This longitudinal study examines stability and change in the self-understanding of preschoolers, and its relation to children's security of attachment and maternal negative affect. Thirty-three children were studied with their mothers at ages 4 and 5; children's self-perceptions, attachment security, and maternal negative affect were assessed at each age. Secure attachment at 4 years old was associated with more positive self-concept at 5 years old (even with security at age 5 controlled), and secure children were more con... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1970539 Wed, 19 Nov 2008 16:22:14 +0100 1970539 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1970538&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19016052%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Reese E The role of maternal attachment representations in mother-child reminiscing and children's self concept was assessed in a sample of 31 New Zealand mothers and their 5.5-year-old children. Mothers participated in the Adult Attachment Interview (AAI; Main, Goldwyn, & Hesse, 2002) and reminisced about everyday past events with their children. Children participated in the Children's Self View Questionnaire (Eder, 1990) to measure interpersonal and intrapersonal aspects of their self concept. Maternal coherence on the AAI was positively correlated with mothers' elaborative reminiscing and with interpersonal aspects of children's self concept. Mothers' states of mind with respect to attachment may enable open and elaborative reminiscing with their children, and may also ... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1970538 Wed, 19 Nov 2008 16:22:08 +0100 1970538 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1970537&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19016053%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Koren-Karie N, Oppenheim D, Getzler-Yosef R The study examined how mothers who were sexually abused as children guide conversations about emotional events with their children. We hypothesized that compared to mothers who were less resolved regarding their traumatic past, those who were more resolved would better guide such conversations. The dialogues of 33 mothers and their children were assessed using the Autobiographical Emotional Events Dialogue procedure (AEED; Koren-Karie, Oppenheim, Haimovich, & Etzion-Carasso, 2000) which yields three composite scores: Mothers' Sensitive Guidance, Child Cooperation and Exploration, and Coherent Narrative. Level of resolution of the trauma was assessed using the BLAAQ-U (Main, van IJzendoorn, & Hesse, 1993). Other measures perta... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1970537 Wed, 19 Nov 2008 16:21:55 +0100 1970537 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1925492&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18821335%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Steele H PMID: 18821335 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Attachment and Human Development) Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1925492 Mon, 01 Sep 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1925492 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1838467&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18821335%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Steele H PMID: 18821335 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Attachment and Human Development) Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1838467 Mon, 01 Sep 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1838467 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1838466&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18821336%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Friedman SL, Boyle DE This review paper presents and places in context findings from 23 manuscripts based on the data sets of the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) Study of Early Child Care and Youth Development (SECCYD). The NICHD study tracked the development of more than 1000 children from birth through age 15. The children were born across the USA to families that were diverse in terms of their economic, educational, and ethnic background. The children also varied in terms of the timing, extent, quality, and type of their child care experiences. The findings reported in this review paper pertain to (1) predictors of child-mother attachment; (2) links between child-mother attachment and children's developmental outcomes; and (3) methods for as... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1838466 Mon, 01 Sep 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1838466 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1838465&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18821337%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Vermeer HJ, Bakermans-Kranenburg MJ In this commentary to the child-mother attachment findings of the NICHD Study of Early Child Care and Youth Development (SECCYD) we focus on the contextual conditions under which child care and the child's attachment relationship(s) may function as a risk or protective factor for child development. First, the authors' conclusion concerning child care as a risk factor for attachment security is refined. Second, suggestions are provided for incorporating possible moderators and mediators of the relations between child care, child-mother attachment, and developmental outcomes. Children's attachment relationship to nonmaternal caregivers, their temperament, and their genetic make-up may be relevant factors; and we discuss them in the context of ... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1838465 Mon, 01 Sep 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1838465 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1838464&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18821338%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Aviezer O, Sagi-Schwartz A In this commentary to Friedman's and Boyle's review we focus on the context of early child care as it is reflected in the debate on the effects of quality of care versus amount of care and attachment relations. It is argued that cross-national research should be considered along with the NICHD Study of Early Child Care and Youth Development (SECCYD) in order to promote better understanding of the interface of attachment, child care, and context. In addition, some methodological issues are discussed including the status of the Strange Situation assessment, definition of non-maternal care, and longitudinal correlates of attachment. PMID: 18821338 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Attachment and Human Development) Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1838464 Mon, 01 Sep 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1838464 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1838463&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18821339%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Thompson RA The NICHD Early Child Care Research Network has produced research findings that provide reassuring confirmation of some central tenets of attachment theory, challenges to other aspects of the theory, and above all highlight the need for attachment researchers to clarify the claims for which the theory can be held accountable. This commentary on Friedman and Boyle's excellent review evaluates the strengths and weaknesses of the NICHD Study of Early Child Care and Youth Development as a study of attachment, and highlights the relevance of these findings for understanding the origins and consequences of attachment security, the problem of heterotypic continuity of the attachment construct, the importance of examining mediators and moderators of the developmental influ... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1838463 Mon, 01 Sep 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1838463 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1838462&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18821340%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Mills-Koonce WR, Gariepy JL, Sutton K, Cox MJ Hierarchical linear modeling was used to describe longitudinal relations between maternal sensitivity and depressive symptomatology for mothers of children with differing attachment classifications at 36 months of child age using data from the NICHD Study of Early Child Care. Attachment during toddlerhood was assessed using a modified Strange Situation Paradigm developed by the MacArthur Working Group on Attachment. On average, maternal sensitivity increased longitudinally from 6 to 36 months for groups with children classified as secure or resistant, but not for groups classified as avoidant or disorganized. Higher maternal depressive symptoms were associated with lower levels of sensitivity for all mothers, although this effect w... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1838462 Mon, 01 Sep 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1838462 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1838461&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18821341%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Raikes HA, Thompson RA The influence of early relational experience on later social understanding has evoked rich theoretical discussion but relatively little empirical inquiry. Enlisting data from the NICHD Study of Early Child Care and Youth Development, measures of the security of attachment in infancy, toddlerhood, and early childhood, together with measures of parenting quality (maternal sensitivity and depressive symptoms) gathered longitudinally throughout infancy and early childhood, were used to predict differences in children's thoughts and feelings about peers (i.e., social problem solving, negative attributional biases, aggressive solutions to ambiguous social situations, and self-reported loneliness) when children were 54 months and in first grade. Relational expe... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1838461 Mon, 01 Sep 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1838461 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1769790&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18773314%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Sagi-Schwartz A, van Ijzendoorn MH, Bakermans-Kranenburg MJ In a series of meta-analyses with the second generation of Holocaust survivors, no evidence for secondary traumatization was found (Van IJzendoorn, Bakermans-Kranenburg, & Sagi-Schwartz, 2003). With regard to third generation traumatization, various reports suggest the presence of intergenerational transmission of trauma. Some scholars argue that intergenerational transmission of trauma might skip a generation. Therefore, we focus in this study on the transmission of trauma to the third generation offspring (the grandchildren) of the first generation's traumatic Holocaust experiences (referred to as "tertiary traumatization"), and we present a narrative review of the pertinent studies. Meta-analytic results of 13 ... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1769790 Sun, 01 Jun 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1769790 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1769789&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18773315%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Dykas MJ, Ziv Y, Cassidy J The aim of this investigation was to examine whether adolescent attachment representation (as assessed using the Adult Attachment Interview) is linked to the quality of adolescents' peer relations (as assessed using a standard battery of peer-report instruments tapping adolescents' social behaviors, peer victimization, social acceptance, and sociometric status). As expected, secure/autonomous adolescents were more likely than insecure/dismissing adolescents to be perceived as behaving prosocially, and less likely to be perceived as aggressive, shy-withdrawn, and victimized by peers. Other findings indicated that insecure/dismissing adolescents, compared to secure/autonomous adolescents, were less likely to be socially accepted by their peers. In addi... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1769789 Sun, 01 Jun 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1769789 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1769788&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18773316%26dopt%3DAbstract This study assessed attachment security in adults with high-functioning autism spectrum disorders, using the Adult Attachment Interview (AAI; George, Kaplan, & Main, 1996). Of 20 participants, three were classified as securely attached, the same proportion as would be expected in a general clinical sample. Participants' AAIs were less coherent and lower in reflective function than those of controls, who were matched for attachment status and mood disorder. A parallel interview suggested that some aspects of participants' responses were influenced by their general discourse style, while other AAI scale scores appeared to reflect their state of mind with respect to attachment more specifically. There was little evidence that attachment security was related to IQ, autistic symptomatology ... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1769788 Sun, 01 Jun 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1769788 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1769787&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18773317%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Poehlmann J, Park J, Bouffiou L, Abrahams J, Shlafer R, Hahn E Children's representations of family relationships were examined in relation to grandparent responsivity and depression, family sociodemographic risks, and children's behavior problems in custodial grandparent families. Using multiple methods, data were collected from 79 families with children aged 3 to 7.5 years. In 37 families, children were raised by grandparents as the result of maternal incarceration and, in 42 families, children lived with grandparents because of other parental problems. Results indicated that children with representations of less optimal family relationships and children whose grandparents were less responsive to them at home were more likely to exhibit externalizing behavior problems. In ad... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1769787 Sun, 01 Jun 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1769787 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1769786&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18773318%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Monteiro L, Verissimo M, Vaughn BE, Santos AJ, Bost KK Relations between fathers' and mothers' representations of attachment (independently assessed using an attachment script representation task) and children's secure base behavior (assessed using the Attachment Q-sort; AQS) were studied in 56 Portuguese families (mean age of child = 31.9 months). Each parent's secure base script representation score predicted AQS security scores for the child with that parent at approximately equivalent degrees of association. However, both parental secure base script scores and AQS security scores were positively correlated across parents. A hierarchical regression predicting AQS security with father from both parent's scriptedness scores and from the AQS score with mother showed a unique, ... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1769786 Sun, 01 Jun 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1769786 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1769785&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18773319%26dopt%3DAbstract This study investigates long-term effects on adult attachment due to temporary childhood separation as a result of the British evacuation of children during World War 2. A total of 859 respondents, aged 62-72 years, were recruited who had childhood homes in the county of Kent during the war. Of these, 770 had been evacuated and 89 remained at home and formed a non-evacuated control group. They participated in this retrospective survey of possible associations between childhood experiences of the evacuation, early upbringing, and later life-course variables, with adult attachment style assessed by the Relationship Questionnaire (Bartholomew & Horowitz, 1991). Reflecting the wartime concerns of Bowlby, male and female respondents evacuated between the ages of 4 and 6 years showed low inc... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1769785 Sun, 01 Jun 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1769785 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1588706&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18351490%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Cohen DL, Belsky J Recent research indicating that roughly a third of the variation in female orgasmic frequency is heritable leaves a substantial amount of non-heritable variation to be explained. Given that emotion regulation is central to attachment theory and that attachment insecurity in infancy and avoidance in adulthood are not heritable, it was predicted that (higher levels of) avoidance would predict (lower levels of) female orgasmic frequency. Results of an Internet survey of 323 women (mean age = 24.39 years) proved consistent with this hypothesis. Results are discussed in terms of developmental influence on adult reproductive behavior, evolution, and the characteristics of the sample. PMID: 18351490 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Attachment and Human Developmen... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1588706 Sat, 01 Mar 2008 05:00:00 +0100 1588706 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1588705&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18351491%26dopt%3DAbstract This report was designed to clarify links among self-reports of psychiatric symptomatology, stress, and adult attachment insecurity, as operationalized using measures drawn from both the developmental and social psychological literatures. Based on a sample of 160 college students, this study demonstrated that insecurity reflected in the Adult Attachment Interview (AAI) was associated with self-reports of psychiatric symptomatology principally for individuals experiencing high levels of life stress (consistent with a diathesis-stress model) whereas self-reports of attachment-related avoidance and anxiety correlated robustly with psychopathology under conditions of both relatively high and low life stress (consistent with a risk model). Results provide further evidence that social psychologi... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1588705 Sat, 01 Mar 2008 05:00:00 +0100 1588705 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1588704&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18351492%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Macfie J, Fitzpatrick KL, Rivas EM, Cox MJ In role reversal a child takes an inappropriate parental, spousal, or peer role with the caregiver. The study assessed attachment disorganization with mother in infancy in the Strange Situation (Ainsworth, Blehar, Waters, & Wall, 1978) and role reversal at 2 years old in videotaped mother-child interactions. By closely observing role reversal at this early age, results fill in the picture concerning the link between disorganized infant-mother attachment and controlling role reversal at 6 years old (Main & Cassidy, 1988; Main, Kaplan, & Cassidy, 1985). As hypothesized, infant-mother disorganization significantly predicted mother-toddler role reversal. The study also deepened research that predicted role reversal from parent... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1588704 Sat, 01 Mar 2008 05:00:00 +0100 1588704 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1588703&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18351493%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Nye EC, Katzman J, Bell JB, Kilpatrick J, Brainard M, Haaland KY Attachment organization in a combat-related PTSD sample was investigated and compared with previously published clinical and non-clinical samples. The association between insecure attachment and unresolved mourning classification (U-loss) and between U-loss and PTSD symptoms was investigated. Vietnam combat veterans diagnosed with PTSD and in treatment (N = 48) were administered the Adult Attachment Interview, the SCID-IV, and CAPS. The PTSD sample was like non-clinical samples in the incidence of secure attachment (50%), but were more commonly unresolved. Veterans with insecure attachment organizations were more likely than those with secure attachment to be classified U-loss. U-loss classification was associate... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1588703 Sat, 01 Mar 2008 05:00:00 +0100 1588703 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1588702&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18351494%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: O'Connor M, Elklit A The aim of the present study was to examine the association between post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and adult attachment in a young adult population. A sample of 328 Danish students (mean age 29.2 years) from four different schools of intermediate education level were studied by the Harvard Trauma Questionnaire (HTQ), the Revised Adult Attachment Scale (RAAS), the Trauma Symptom Checklist (TSC), the Crisis Support Scale (CSS), the Coping Style Questionnaire (CSQ), and the World Assumption Scale (WAS). Attachment styles were associated with number of PTSD symptoms, negative affectivity, somatization, emotional coping, attributions, and social support. The distribution of attachment styles in relation to PTSD symptoms could be conceived as uni-dimensio... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1588702 Sat, 01 Mar 2008 05:00:00 +0100 1588702 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1588701&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18351495%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, the current study demonstrated that mothers' representational models are affected by cognitive distortions associated with depression, and these distortions interfere with a mother's capacity to interact sensitively with her child. PMID: 18351495 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Attachment and Human Development) Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1588701 Sat, 01 Mar 2008 05:00:00 +0100 1588701 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1588700&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18351496%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Zegers MA, Schuengel C, Van IJzendoorn MH, Janssens JM Attachment theory suggests that representations of previous attachment experiences may explain differences in psychosocial functioning. However, the nature of the association in clinical populations is unclear. Attachment representations were classified on the basis of Adult Attachment Interviews with 61 adolescents (13-20 years old; 70% female) admitted to a residential treatment institution. Group care workers rated their problem behavior. Compared to dismissing and autonomous adolescents and adolescents unresolved/disorganized with respect to trauma, adolescents with preoccupied attachment representations showed the highest levels of truancy and rule breaking, according to the institution's records, and externalizing be... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1588700 Sat, 01 Mar 2008 05:00:00 +0100 1588700 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1588724&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17852051%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Bowlby J From the 1950s, John Bowlby, one of the founders of attachment theory, was in personal and scientific contact with leading European scientists in the field of ethology (e.g., Niko Tinbergen, Konrad Lorenz, and especially Robert Hinde). In constructing his new theory on the nature of the bond between children and their caregivers, Bowlby profited highly from their new approach to (animal) behavior. Hinde and Tinbergen in their turn were influenced and inspired by Bowlby's new thinking. On the basis of extensive interviews with bowlby's colleague and lifelong friend Robert Hinde and on the basis of archival materials, both the relationship between John Bowlby and Robert Hinde and the cross-fertilization of ethology and attachment theory are described. PMID: 17852051... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1588724 Sat, 01 Dec 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1588724 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1588722&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18049928%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Kraemer S, Steele H, Holmes J PMID: 18049928 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Attachment and Human Development) Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1588722 Sat, 01 Dec 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1588722 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1588721&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18049929%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Bowlby R Babies and toddlers will have their attachment seeking response activated in the absence of the primary or a secondary attachment figure when they are in the presence of a stranger and in unfamiliar surroundings. Between the ages of about 6 months and 30 months, babies and toddlers can only terminate their attachment seeking response by reaching proximity to an attachment figure, and unless this can be achieved their attachment seeking response will remain unterminated. This is the experience of many babies and toddlers each day during certain forms of non-parental daycare. Day-care without access to a secondary attachment figure is more likely to be the case in group settings such as day-nurseries, than when care is provided by an individual carer such as a childmind... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1588721 Sat, 01 Dec 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1588721 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1588720&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18049930%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Stevenson-Hinde J The 100th anniversary of Edward John Mostyn Bowlby's birth (February 26th, 1907) was celebrated at the Tavistock Clinic in London by his family and colleagues, with presentations of ongoing research as well as reflections on both the person and his theory. My own reflections include the influence of ethological thinking on the development of attachment theory, Bowlby's focus on observations followed by explanation, his appreciation of emotional communication as well as behavior, and his recognition of the role of the family as well as the child/caregiver dyad. While always remaining open to new avenues of research, John Bowlby was firmly insistent on the precise use of attachment terminology, and quite rightly too! PMID: 18049930 [PubMed - indexed for MED... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1588720 Sat, 01 Dec 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1588720 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1588719&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18049931%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Clulow C The centenary of John Bowlby's birth provides a context for considering the policy, research and practice legacies that he left for practitioners working in many different fields supporting couples and families. Part historical, and part forwardlooking, this paper considers the links between attachment in the infant-parent dyad that was at the heart of Bowlby's concern and the nature of the affective ties that bind couples together in adult romantic relationships. An overview of the influence of his theory on family policy and adult attachment research is followed by an appreciation of its significance for the practice of couple psychotherapy. The paper concludes with a comment on the implications of current neuroscience knowledge for therapeutic technique. PMID: ... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1588719 Sat, 01 Dec 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1588719 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1588718&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18049932%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Rustin M Bowlby's best know work at the Tavistock Clinic is his foundational research into attachment relationships. This paper describes his other significant contributions, as a clinician interested in family dynamics and the impact of real events in the genesis of childhood anxieties, and as an institution builder in his role in establishing a psychoanalytically based training in Child Psychotherapy oriented towards public health. PMID: 18049932 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Attachment and Human Development) Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1588718 Sat, 01 Dec 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1588718 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1588717&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18049933%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Sable P This paper proposes that attachment theory, with its emphasis on stability and security, accentuates the positive aspects of affectional relationships and suggests a way to look at the process of adult psychotherapy. Attachment-based research has shown that positive attachment experiences are related to feelings of joy, comfort, and contentment throughout life. In contrast, experiences that are hurtful or traumatic, and especially if they are chronic or repeated, can have negative effects on thoughts and emotions as well as the body. In applying these findings to psychotherapy, the role of the therapist can be seen as providing a positive emotional experience within which to examine and gain a new perspective on the origins and development of distress. Through therapy,... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1588717 Sat, 01 Dec 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1588717 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1588716&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18049934%26dopt%3DAbstract This study extends existing research investigating sibling concordance on attachment by examining concordance for adult attachment in a sample of 126 genetically unrelated sibling pairs. The Adult Attachment Interview (George, Kaplan, & Main, 1985; Main, Goldwyn, & Hesse, 2003) was used to assess states of mind with regard to attachment. The average age of the participants was 39 years old. The distribution of attachment classifications was independent of adoptive status. Attachment concordance rates were unassociated with gender concordance and sibling age difference. Concordance for autonomous/non-autonomous classifications was significant at 61% as was concordance for primary classifications at 53%. The concordance rate for not-unresolved/unresolved was non-significant at 67%. O... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1588716 Sat, 01 Dec 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1588716 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1588715&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18049935%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Posada G, Kaloustian G, Richmond MK, Moreno AJ Bowlby and Ainsworth's theory of attachment poses that concurrent caregiving behavior is a key factor in influencing and maintaining a child's organization of secure-base behavior, and ultimately, security throughout childhood. Empirical demonstrations of the relation between the constructs after infancy are relatively scant and research is needed to examine the relation between the variables across a wide range of contexts, over longer observational periods, and in developmentally appropriate ways. Two studies of preschoolers and their mothers were conducted in naturalistic settings. Fifty child-mother middle-class dyads, predominantly Caucasian, participated in Study 1 and 40 in Study 2. The mean age for children was 52 months (... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1588715 Sat, 01 Dec 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1588715 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1588723&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18007959%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Schechter DS, Zygmunt A, Coates SW, Davies M, Trabka K, McCaw J, Kolodji A, Robinson J The aim of our study was to investigate the impact of maternal exposure to family violence, maltreatment, and related posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) on young children's mental representations of self and caregivers. Participant mothers (n=24) and children (n=25) were recruited from a referred sample when they were 4-7 years old. Maternal report and child story stem narratives were used. Mother's experience of domestic violence and severity of violence-related PTSD symptoms robustly predicted more dysregulated aggression, attentional bias to danger and distress, as well as more avoidance of and withdrawal from conflicts presented in the children's story stems. Less narrative coherence w... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1588723 Sat, 01 Sep 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1588723 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1588714&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18058429%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Robinson JL Story stem narrative methods have demonstrated reliability and validity as assessments of the young child's representations of parent - child and peer relationships. Most, but not all, prior research has been conducted with samples of typically developing children. Growing interest in the method from clinical researchers and child psychiatry clinics brings forward a number of critical issues in its use with children referred for severe behavioural disruption and mood disorder. This special issue of Attachment & Human Development provides a collection of papers that demonstrates some of the unique theoretical contributions of the method for clinical research. Practical aspects of using story stem methods with the referred child are also considered. PMID: 180... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1588714 Sat, 01 Sep 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1588714 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1588713&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18058430%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Green J, Stanley C, Peters S We investigated the relationship of child attachment representation, psychopathology, and maternal atypical parenting in a high risk sample. Sixty-one consecutive clinical referrals with externalizing disorder aged 4 - 9 years were assessed for attachment representations measured with Manchester Child Attachment Story Task (MCAST), atypical parental expressed emotion (EE), maternal mood, and parent and teacher ratings of child behaviour. Disorganized attachment representations were found in 58% of cases, independent of ADHD symptoms. Pervasive disorganization was associated with very high maternal EE. Attachment status, maternal depression, and ADHD diagnosis were independently associated with parent-rated child behaviour problems; teacher ratings ... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1588713 Sat, 01 Sep 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1588713 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1588712&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18058431%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study we examined whether antisocial boys show evidence of a reduced interpersonal interpretation of events (intentionality) specifically in story stem responses to social challenges that provoke fear and distress responses. Two conflict and two distress stems were administered to 5 - 8 year old boys, 41 referred for disruptive behaviour problems and 25 non-referred boys. Raters blind to group membership scored dysregulated aggression and intentionality from transcripts of story responses. Referred boys had elevated aggression and lower intentionality scores across all stems compared to non-referred. However, there was a story type by group interaction; referred boys had substantially lowered intentionality in response to the distress stems, but not the conflict stems. Avoidant str... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1588712 Sat, 01 Sep 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1588712 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1588711&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18058432%26dopt%3DAbstract This study examined diagnostic group differences in children's internal representations of their mothers and mothers' parenting strategies 1 year later. Mother - preschool child dyads (N = 279) were examined. The sample included 151 healthy, 75 depressed, and 53 disruptive disordered preschoolers. The MacArthur Story Stem Battery (MSSB) was administered at baseline. One year later, mothers' caregiving strategies were measured. Results indicated that higher depression severity was associated with preschoolers' greater use of negative and disciplinarian maternal representations. More positive maternal representations had supportive mothers who often expressed positive affect 1 year later. Preschoolers' negative and disciplinarian representations were associated with mothers' later nonsupport... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1588711 Sat, 01 Sep 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1588711 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1588710&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18058433%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, parents reported symptoms using standardized clinical interviews and story stems narratives were administered to 20 referred and 12 typically developing preschool age children. Comparison of the referred and typically developing children in our sample showed that specific story contexts varied in eliciting responses reflecting disorganization and thought disturbance from the referred children. The experience of using story stem narratives in the clinical assessment process suggests it provides a valuable complement to parent report for children referred for mood disturbance and mania symptoms but additional development and study of the method is necessary. PMID: 18058433 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Attachment and Human Development) Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1588710 Sat, 01 Sep 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1588710 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1588709&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18058434%26dopt%3DAbstract This study examined whether content and performance in story stem narratives were associated with children's social competence, and whether children's symptom levels moderated these associations. Five-year-old children from a clinically enriched Swiss sample completed eight stories (N = 187). Teachers rated children's social competence. Parents and teachers rated behavioral/emotional symptoms that were used to categorize children into clinical (n = 80), borderline (n = 31), and normal (n = 74). Controlling for gender and verbal competence, no differences were found in story responses between normal and clinical children. However, pro-social/moral and disciplinary themes, and coherence and quality of narration were significantly associated with children's social competence. The associations... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1588709 Sat, 01 Sep 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1588709 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1588708&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18058435%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Murray L Past research into doll play narratives has been productive in elucidating children's inner experiences, their determinants, and their role in child behaviour problems. The current volume takes this work forward in several directions: first, it indicates the value of designing story stems and coding schemes to address more specific questions about the developmental process of specific syndromes. Second, contributions demonstrate the "added value" provided by children's narratives, over and above information derived from other sources. Third, this recent research enhances our understanding of the role of parental representations and states of mind in influencing children's narratives; how these may come to influence child functioning via co-constructed parent - child d... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1588708 Sat, 01 Sep 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1588708 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1588707&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18058436%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Emde RN Narrative theory indicates that assessment using narratives is expectant, collaborative, and has the potential to begin a process of change. A shift from thinking exclusively about meaning (subjectivity in the child) to thinking also about shared meaning (intersubjectivity between child and clinician-examiner) seems appropriate in the clinical context. Recent knowledge from the cognitive neurosciences makes a shift of this sort compelling and has further implications. More story stem narrative research at the level of assessing individual children needs to be done so there can be explicit links to treatment. PMID: 18058436 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Attachment and Human Development) Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1588707 Sat, 01 Sep 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1588707 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1588729&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17508311%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Crawford TN, Shaver PR, Goldsmith HH Correlations between anxious attachment and neuroticism (usually about .40 to .50) prompt questions about whether self-reported anxious attachment captures a key construct in attachment theory or if it reflects a more general personality trait instead. A college sample of late adolescents and young adults (N = 287) was used to show that questionnaire measures of neuroticism and anxious attachment do not have a simple linear association; instead, neuroticism and anxious attachment have a more complex dynamic relationship that is moderated by avoidant attachment, an attachment style that reflects an interpersonally derived strategy for affect regulation. The association between neuroticism and anxious attachment is further moderated by consci... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1588729 Fri, 01 Jun 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1588729 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1588728&cid=s_37561_144_f&fid=37561&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17508312%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Schindler A, Thomasius R, Sack PM, Gemeinhardt B, Küstner U A new approach to assessing family attachment patterns is presented, using a composite measure of individual attachment representations based on the Bartholomew Attachment Interview. A cluster analysis yielded three different patterns in a sample of N = 37 families with a drug dependent adolescent (age 14 - 25) and both biological parents. A "triangulated" pattern (mothers: preoccupied; fathers: dismissing; adolescents: fearful) was found in 65% of the sample. A total of 19% showed an "insecure" pattern (mothers, fathers, and adolescents: fearful) and 16% a "near-secure" pattern (mothers and adolescents: secure; fathers preoccupied). Preliminary comparisons between these groups indicate differences in comorbid ps... Attachment and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1588728 Fri, 01 Jun 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1588728