Australian Endodontic Journal via MedWorm.com

Comparison of final irrigation techniques in removal of calcium hydroxide

Australian Endodontic Journal — Tue, 13 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

AbstractThe aim of this study was to compare new irrigation systems with a conventional irrigation technique for the removal of inter‐appointment calcium hydroxide [Ca(OH)2]. Forty‐seven extracted human single‐rooted teeth were instrumented, and Ca(OH)2 paste was placed into root canals by using a lentulo spiral at the apical third. Teeth were randomly divided into three groups according to different irrigation protocols using a 30‐gauge slot‐tipped needle, EndoVac system and ProUltra® PiezoFlow™ ultrasonic irrigation system. Scanning electron microscopic images of the selected root canal surfaces (cervical, middle and apical third) were evaluated using a 5‐grade scale. The influence of the irrigation system was evaluated using a two‐way analysis of variance test and Tukey...

Influence of silane and solvated bonding agents on the bond strength to glass‐fibre posts

Australian Endodontic Journal — Thu, 01 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

AbstractThe combined use of silane and solvated bonding agents on the bond strength to glass‐fibre posts was investigated. A model Bis‐GMA/HEMA adhesive was formulated with no solvent, 30% of ethanol or 80% of acetone. The surfaces of rectangular‐shaped posts were silanated or not and one of the agents was applied, except for the control group. Cylinders of resin cement (RelyX ARC, 3M ESPE, Saint Paul, MN, USA) were built‐up on the surfaces (n = 20) and submitted to shear testing. All groups showed higher bond strengths when the surfaces were silanated. When no silanization was carried out, the use of bonding agents, either solvated or non‐solvated, increased the bond strengths. All groups treated with both silane and bonding agent showed higher bond strengths than the group ...

Referees

Australian Endodontic Journal — Fri, 25 Nov 2011 04:53:24 +0100

(Source: Australian Endodontic Journal)

South Australia

Australian Endodontic Journal — Fri, 25 Nov 2011 04:53:22 +0100

(Source: Australian Endodontic Journal)

Victoria

Australian Endodontic Journal — Fri, 25 Nov 2011 04:53:21 +0100

(Source: Australian Endodontic Journal)

New South Wales

Australian Endodontic Journal — Fri, 25 Nov 2011 04:53:19 +0100

(Source: Australian Endodontic Journal)

Queensland

Australian Endodontic Journal — Fri, 25 Nov 2011 04:53:17 +0100

(Source: Australian Endodontic Journal)

Extraordinary General Meeting of the Asia Pacific Endodontic Confederation

Australian Endodontic Journal — Fri, 25 Nov 2011 04:53:16 +0100

(Source: Australian Endodontic Journal)

Substance P and CGRP expression in dental pulps

Australian Endodontic Journal — Fri, 25 Nov 2011 04:53:14 +0100

(Source: Australian Endodontic Journal)

Response to ‘Smear layer removal with F‐file’

Australian Endodontic Journal — Fri, 25 Nov 2011 04:53:12 +0100

(Source: Australian Endodontic Journal)

Smear layer removal with F‐file

Australian Endodontic Journal — Fri, 25 Nov 2011 04:53:10 +0100

(Source: Australian Endodontic Journal)

Optimising single‐visit disinfection with supplementary approaches: A quest for predictability

Australian Endodontic Journal — Fri, 25 Nov 2011 04:52:55 +0100

AbstractReduction of the bacterial populations to levels compatible with periradicular tissue healing is the primary microbiological goal of the endodontic treatment of teeth with apical periodontitis. New systems and substances have been proposed to improve root canal disinfection either by replacing conventional chemomechanical procedures or by supplementing their effects. This review focuses on supplementary approaches for optimised single‐visit disinfection (OSD). The main OSD strategies reviewed include: final rinse with chlorhexidine, MTAD or iodine potassium iodide; sonic or ultrasonic activation of NaOCl; and photodynamic therapy. It is concluded that some OSD approaches may have the potential to improve disinfection in a single visit, but most of the results so far represent low...

President's report

Australian Endodontic Journal — Fri, 25 Nov 2011 04:52:53 +0100

(Source: Australian Endodontic Journal)

Florid cemento‐osseous dysplasia mimicking apical periodontitis: A case report

Australian Endodontic Journal — Sun, 31 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100

This report presents a case with irreversible pulpitis and root resorption as well as a mixed radiolucent/radiopaque lesion around a mandibular molar tooth root. Root canal treatment was performed and because of the radiographic signs of root resorption and the patient's fear of having a malignant disease, periapical surgery was also performed. The histopathology report confirmed the presence of florid cement‐osseous dysplasia which was mimicking apical periodontitis. Follow‐up radiography 12 months after the surgery illustrated complete healing of the radiolucent area. (Source: Australian Endodontic Journal)

Tribute to Dr Ernst Heinz Ehrmann OAM

Australian Endodontic Journal — Wed, 20 Jul 2011 15:36:01 +0100

(Source: Australian Endodontic Journal)

Western Australia

Australian Endodontic Journal — Wed, 20 Jul 2011 15:36:00 +0100

(Source: Australian Endodontic Journal)

South Australia

Australian Endodontic Journal — Wed, 20 Jul 2011 15:35:59 +0100

(Source: Australian Endodontic Journal)

Victoria

Australian Endodontic Journal — Wed, 20 Jul 2011 15:35:57 +0100

(Source: Australian Endodontic Journal)

New South Wales

Australian Endodontic Journal — Wed, 20 Jul 2011 15:35:56 +0100

(Source: Australian Endodontic Journal)

Queensland

Australian Endodontic Journal — Wed, 20 Jul 2011 15:35:56 +0100

(Source: Australian Endodontic Journal)

National endodontic symbolism

Australian Endodontic Journal — Wed, 20 Jul 2011 15:35:55 +0100

(Source: Australian Endodontic Journal)

16th APEC Scientific Congress in Shiraz, Iran

Australian Endodontic Journal — Wed, 20 Jul 2011 15:35:54 +0100

(Source: Australian Endodontic Journal)

Endodontology

Australian Endodontic Journal — Wed, 20 Jul 2011 15:35:53 +0100

(Source: Australian Endodontic Journal)

From the literature

Australian Endodontic Journal — Wed, 20 Jul 2011 15:35:52 +0100

(Source: Australian Endodontic Journal)

President's report

Australian Endodontic Journal — Wed, 20 Jul 2011 15:35:44 +0100

(Source: Australian Endodontic Journal)

Push‐out bond strength of gutta‐percha with a new bioceramic sealer in the presence or absence of smear layer

Australian Endodontic Journal — Sat, 28 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100

In conclusion, the bond strength of the new bioceramic sealer was equal to that of AH Plus with or without the smear layer. (Source: Australian Endodontic Journal)

Effect of chloroform, orange solvent and eucalyptol on the accuracy of four electronic apex locators

Australian Endodontic Journal — Thu, 31 Mar 2011 23:00:00 +0100

AbstractThe aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of three retreatment solutions on the accuracy of four electronic apex locators, the Root ZX mini, the Mini Apex Locator, the Root ZX and the Elements Diagnostic Unit and Apex Locator. Forty extracted single‐rooted human teeth were used in this study. The four electronic apex locators were operated according to the manufacturer's instructions to locate the ‘apical constriction’ in the presence of chloroform, orange solvent or eucalyptol in the canal. The accuracy of each apex locator was not affected by the type of retreatment solution present in the root canal. In addition, the accuracy of the four apex locators was similar in the presence of each of the tested solutions. (Source: Australian Endodontic Journal)

Internal and external resorption in a lower molar with an associated endodontic‐periodontic lesion: A case report

Australian Endodontic Journal — Thu, 31 Mar 2011 23:00:00 +0100

This article describes a unique case in which both internal and external inflammatory resorption and endodontic‐periodontic lesions were present at the same time in the patient's left mandibular first molar. Based on clinical and radiographic findings, it was determined that the nature of this case was a pulpal infection‐induced inflammatory resorption and furcation lesion. After root canal therapy, the furcation lesion and external inflammatory resorption were completely resolved. This case indicates that the correct diagnosis of the stimulating factor for tooth resorption and determination of the primary origin of endodontic‐periodontic lesions are critical for clinical management and success. (Source: Australian Endodontic Journal)

Evaluation of the colour change in enamel and dentine promoted by the interaction between 2% chlorhexidine and auxiliary chemical solutions

Australian Endodontic Journal — Thu, 31 Mar 2011 23:00:00 +0100

AbstractTo evaluate the colour change in enamel and dentine, promoted by interaction of 2% chlorhexidine gluconate (CHX) with 5.25% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) and 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA). Fragments containing enamel and dentine were obtained from the crowns of extracted bovine incisors. Before and after immersion of the samples in the substances, they were evaluated with reference to the colour of the enamel and dentine. The values obtained in numerical scores were subjected to statistical analysis using Wilcoxon test. A colour change in the enamel and dentine in groups treated with CHX gel + NaOCl and CHX gel + NaOCl + EDTA, and a change in colour only in the dentine in groups treated with CHX solution + NaOCl and CHX solution + NaOCl + EDTA. Wh...

Magnifying loupes versus surgical microscope in endodontic surgery: A four‐year retrospective study

Australian Endodontic Journal — Thu, 31 Mar 2011 23:00:00 +0100

AbstractThe purpose of this retrospective study was to evaluate the 4‐year outcome of endodontic microsurgery using two different magnification devices. One‐hundred and two teeth in 65 patients were included according to specific selection criteria. Endodontic surgery was performed under surgical microscope as magnification device in 63 teeth in 36 patients, while 39 teeth in 29 patients were treated under magnifying loupes. Thirteen patients did not attend the 4‐year follow up. The overall success rate on a patient basis was 91.7% at the 1‐year and 90.5% at the 4‐year follow up for the group using loupes, while for the group using microscope it was 91.4% at the 1‐year and 93.3% at the 4‐year follow up. The relative risk was 2.07 (95% confidence interval: 0.31, 13.95) in favo...

Root canal therapy for the prevention of osteonecrosis of the jaws: An evidence‐based clinical update

Australian Endodontic Journal — Tue, 22 Mar 2011 16:31:22 +0100

(Source: Australian Endodontic Journal)

ANZAE Scientific Meeting, Christchurch, November 2010

Australian Endodontic Journal — Tue, 22 Mar 2011 16:31:21 +0100

(Source: Australian Endodontic Journal)

Western Australia

Australian Endodontic Journal — Tue, 22 Mar 2011 16:31:21 +0100

(Source: Australian Endodontic Journal)

South Australia

Australian Endodontic Journal — Tue, 22 Mar 2011 16:31:20 +0100

(Source: Australian Endodontic Journal)

Victoria

Australian Endodontic Journal — Tue, 22 Mar 2011 16:31:20 +0100

(Source: Australian Endodontic Journal)

New South Wales

Australian Endodontic Journal — Tue, 22 Mar 2011 16:31:19 +0100

(Source: Australian Endodontic Journal)

Queensland

Australian Endodontic Journal — Tue, 22 Mar 2011 16:31:19 +0100

(Source: Australian Endodontic Journal)

Response to ‘Apical microleakage evaluation of system B and cold lateral compaction’

Australian Endodontic Journal — Tue, 22 Mar 2011 16:31:19 +0100

(Source: Australian Endodontic Journal)

Apical microleakage evaluation of system B and cold lateral compaction

Australian Endodontic Journal — Tue, 22 Mar 2011 16:31:18 +0100

(Source: Australian Endodontic Journal)

16th APEC conference to be held in Iran

Australian Endodontic Journal — Tue, 22 Mar 2011 16:31:18 +0100

(Source: Australian Endodontic Journal)

From the literature

Australian Endodontic Journal — Tue, 22 Mar 2011 16:31:17 +0100

(Source: Australian Endodontic Journal)

Endodontic retreatment of maxillary incisors previously treated with a conventional apexification protocol: A case report

Australian Endodontic Journal — Tue, 22 Mar 2011 16:31:16 +0100

AbstractThis case reports on the treatment of an immature tooth initially treated with calcium hydroxide apexification techniques. When the patient subsequently sought treatment for aesthetic concerns, the presence of apical periodontitis required revision of the endodontic procedure. Resolution of the periapical radiolucency was evident at a 12‐month review. The use of mineral trioxide aggregate as an apical filling material and restoration with chemically cured composite resin extending into the coronal third of the root may prevent further contamination of the root canal system and strengthen the tooth. (Source: Australian Endodontic Journal)

Endodontic essay

Australian Endodontic Journal — Tue, 22 Mar 2011 16:31:15 +0100

Set essay topic and abstract“It has been said that Mineral Trioxide Aggregate is driving an endodontic revolution. Discuss this statement considering the biological and clinical attributes of this innovative material.” (Source: Australian Endodontic Journal)

President's report

Australian Endodontic Journal — Tue, 22 Mar 2011 16:31:14 +0100

(Source: Australian Endodontic Journal)

Editorial

Australian Endodontic Journal — Tue, 22 Mar 2011 16:31:13 +0100

(Source: Australian Endodontic Journal)

Influence of electrochemical polishing on the mechanical behaviour of nickel‐titanium rotary files

Australian Endodontic Journal — Tue, 22 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of electrochemical polishing on the cyclic fatigue, cutting efficiency and surface topography of Miltex nickel‐titanium rotary files. A group of files were submitted to electrochemical polishing. New files and polished files were tested for flexural fatigue and for cutting efficiency. Scanning electron microscopy observations of all files were carried out to compare the surface morphologies of polished and new files. The t‐test was used to compare the groups for cutting efficiency. Scanning electron microscopy analysis indicated that the polishing resulted in more regular surfaces in relation to the new files. Electropolished files attained a significantly higher number of cycles to fracture than new unpolished files. No s...

Incidence of canal systems in the mesio‐buccal roots of maxillary first and second molars in Saudi Arabian population

Australian Endodontic Journal — Sun, 20 Feb 2011 00:00:00 +0100

AbstractThe aim of this prospective study was to determine the number of canals treated in the mesio‐buccal roots of the maxillary first and second molars teeth of a Saudi Arabian population during a 1‐year period in a postgraduate endodontic program. The attending endodontic faculty member supervising the case verified the number of canals in the teeth clinically and radiographically. In total, 308 maxillary first molars and 162 maxillary second molars, of which 158 (51.3%) and 32 (19.7%) met the criterion of having two canals detected and treated in the mesio‐buccal root of the maxillary first and second molars, respectively. It was concluded that the occurrence of mesio‐palatal canal in the mesio‐buccal root of the maxillary first and second molars of a Saudi Arabian populatio...

Evaluation of cyclic flexural fatigue resistance of 25/0.04 and 25/0.06 twisted file rotary nickel‐titanium endodontic instruments

Australian Endodontic Journal — Sun, 20 Feb 2011 00:00:00 +0100

AbstractTwisted files (TFs) are rotary nickel‐titanium (NiTi) instruments that are produced with a newly developed manufacturing process that is supposed to improve their properties, especially flexibility and resistance to cyclic flexural fatigue failure. The aim of this study was to study the cyclic flexural fatigue failure resistance of tip size International Standards Organization 25 TFs with two tapers 0.04 and 0.06 and to compare them with the Profile (PF) rotary NiTi files of similar tip size and taper. Four groups of fifteen files were used in this study. TF (25/0.04), TF (25/0.06), PF (25/0.04) and PF (25/0.06) were tested using the cyclic flexural fatigue testing device. The time to failure during cyclic flexural fatigue testing was recorded. The mean time required for the inst...

Effects of different irrigation solutions on root dentine microhardness, smear layer removal and erosion

Australian Endodontic Journal — Sun, 20 Feb 2011 00:00:00 +0100

This study aimed to compare the effects of different irrigants on root dentine microhardness, erosion and smear layer removal. A total of 72 root dentine slices were divided into six groups, according to the final irrigants used: Group 1: 17% ethylenediamine tetra‐acetic acid (EDTA) + 2.5% NaOCl, Group 2: 7% maleic acid (MA) + 2.5% sodium hypochloride (NaOCl), Group 3: 1.3% NaOCl + mixture of tetracycline, acid and detergent (MTAD), Group 4: Smear Clear + 2.5% NaOCl, Group 5: 5% NaOCl, Group 6: saline. Vickers microhardness values were measured before and after treatment. In total, 42 root‐halves were prepared for scanning electron microscope to evaluate the amount of smear and erosion in the coronal, middle and apical thirds. Data were analysed using two‐way anova, D...

Endodontic management of hypo‐, meso‐ and hypertaurodontism: Case reports

Australian Endodontic Journal — Sun, 20 Feb 2011 00:00:00 +0100

AbstractTaurodontism is a morpho‐anatomical developmental anomaly rarely seen in teeth. It is characterised by lack of constriction at the level of cementoenamel junction with elongated pulp chambers and apical displacement of bifurcation or trifurcation of roots. This gives the tooth a rectangular or cylindrical appearance. This paper reports successful endodontic therapy of cases with hypo‐, meso‐ and hypertaurodontism in healthy individuals with no associated syndrome or anomaly. (Source: Australian Endodontic Journal)

Western Australia

Australian Endodontic Journal — Wed, 24 Nov 2010 03:31:02 +0100

(Source: Australian Endodontic Journal)

South Australia

Australian Endodontic Journal — Wed, 24 Nov 2010 03:30:47 +0100

(Source: Australian Endodontic Journal)

Victoria

Australian Endodontic Journal — Wed, 24 Nov 2010 03:30:31 +0100

(Source: Australian Endodontic Journal)

New South Wales

Australian Endodontic Journal — Wed, 24 Nov 2010 03:30:17 +0100

(Source: Australian Endodontic Journal)

Queensland

Australian Endodontic Journal — Wed, 24 Nov 2010 03:30:05 +0100

(Source: Australian Endodontic Journal)

16th APEC Congress and 14th annual meeting of the IAE

Australian Endodontic Journal — Wed, 24 Nov 2010 03:29:32 +0100

(Source: Australian Endodontic Journal)

Root canal therapy for the prevention of osteonecrosis of the jaws: An evidence‐based clinical update

Australian Endodontic Journal — Wed, 24 Nov 2010 03:27:21 +0100

AbstractOsteonecrosis of the jaws is an adverse effect of bone preservation treatment. There is a sufficient body of evidence to associate osteonecrosis of the jaws development with dental extractions and trauma caused from ill‐fitting dentures. In this review, we critically appraise available evidence about the clinical efficacy of root canal therapy in patients receiving bisphosphonates. We review a series of theories to explain why endodontic treatment is a safe clinical intervention to prevent osteonecrosis of the jaws in patients receiving bisphosphonates. Root canal therapy could postpone or even eradicate the need for dental extractions of carious teeth in patients on bisphosphonates who may develop osteonecrosis of the jaws. Patients receiving bisphosphonates should be offered th...

President's report

Australian Endodontic Journal — Wed, 24 Nov 2010 03:27:11 +0100

(Source: Australian Endodontic Journal)

Editorial

Australian Endodontic Journal — Wed, 24 Nov 2010 03:27:01 +0100

(Source: Australian Endodontic Journal)

Evaluation of the effect of MTAD in comparison with EDTA when employed as the final rinse on the shear bond strength of three endodontic sealers to dentine

Australian Endodontic Journal — Tue, 26 Oct 2010 00:28:50 +0100

Abstract (Source: Australian Endodontic Journal)

Bond strength and fracture analysis between resin cements and root canal dentin

Australian Endodontic Journal — Tue, 26 Oct 2010 00:28:49 +0100

Abstract (Source: Australian Endodontic Journal)

Antibacterial substantivity of a new antibiotic‐based endodontic irrigation solution

Australian Endodontic Journal — Tue, 26 Oct 2010 00:28:49 +0100

Abstract (Source: Australian Endodontic Journal)

Push‐out bond strength of two root‐end filling materials in root‐end cavities prepared by Er,Cr:YSGG laser or ultrasonic technique

Australian Endodontic Journal — Tue, 26 Oct 2010 00:28:48 +0100

Abstract (Source: Australian Endodontic Journal)

The effect of the application of gaseous ozone and ND:YAG laser on glass‐fibre post bond strength

Australian Endodontic Journal — Tue, 26 Oct 2010 00:28:47 +0100

Abstract (Source: Australian Endodontic Journal)

Bacterial leakage of GuttaFlow‐filled root canals compared with Resilon/Epiphany and Gutta‐percha/AH26‐filled root canals

Australian Endodontic Journal — Tue, 26 Oct 2010 00:28:47 +0100

Abstract (Source: Australian Endodontic Journal)

Evaluation of the antimicrobial activities of chlorhexidine gluconate, sodium hypochlorite and octenidine hydrochloride in vitro

Australian Endodontic Journal — Tue, 26 Oct 2010 00:28:46 +0100

Abstract (Source: Australian Endodontic Journal)

Bond strength of Resilon/Epiphany compared with Gutta‐percha and sealers Sealer 26 and Endo Fill

Australian Endodontic Journal — Tue, 26 Oct 2010 00:28:46 +0100

Abstract (Source: Australian Endodontic Journal)

Cytotoxicity of calcium enriched mixture cement compared with mineral trioxide aggregate and intermediate restorative material

Australian Endodontic Journal — Tue, 26 Oct 2010 00:28:45 +0100

Abstract (Source: Australian Endodontic Journal)

Radiographic evaluation of the technical quality of root canal fillings performed by dental students

Australian Endodontic Journal — Tue, 26 Oct 2010 00:28:45 +0100

Abstract (Source: Australian Endodontic Journal)

Effect of light‐activated bleaching on pulp chamber temperature rise: An in vitro study

Australian Endodontic Journal — Tue, 26 Oct 2010 00:28:44 +0100

Abstract (Source: Australian Endodontic Journal)

Traumatic bone cyst suggestive of a chronic periapical abscess: A case report

Australian Endodontic Journal — Tue, 26 Oct 2010 00:28:44 +0100

Abstract (Source: Australian Endodontic Journal)

Quality of root canal treatment performed by undergraduate dental students at the University of Khartoum, Sudan

Australian Endodontic Journal — Tue, 26 Oct 2010 00:28:43 +0100

Abstract (Source: Australian Endodontic Journal)

Prophylactic intraligamentary injection of piroxicam (feldene) for the management of post‐endodontic pain in molar teeth with irreversible pulpitis

Australian Endodontic Journal — Tue, 26 Oct 2010 00:28:43 +0100

Abstract (Source: Australian Endodontic Journal)

Effect of post‐space treatments on the push‐out bond strength and failure modes of glass fibre posts

Australian Endodontic Journal — Tue, 26 Oct 2010 00:28:42 +0100

Abstract (Source: Australian Endodontic Journal)

Comparison of the centring ability of the ProTaper™ and ProTaper Universal™ rotary systems for preparing curved root canals

Australian Endodontic Journal — Tue, 26 Oct 2010 00:28:41 +0100

Abstract (Source: Australian Endodontic Journal)

Microsurgical endodontic retreatment of post restored posterior teeth: A case series

Australian Endodontic Journal — Tue, 26 Oct 2010 00:28:41 +0100

Abstract (Source: Australian Endodontic Journal)

Cyclic fatigue resistance of new and used Mtwo rotary nickel‐titanium instruments in two different radii of curvature

Australian Endodontic Journal — Tue, 31 Aug 2010 23:00:00 +0100

(Source: Australian Endodontic Journal)

Active versus passive microleakage of Resilon/Epiphany and gutta‐percha/AH Plus

Australian Endodontic Journal — Tue, 31 Aug 2010 23:00:00 +0100

(Source: Australian Endodontic Journal)

A comparison of three rotary systems and hand instrumentation technique for the elimination of Enterococcus faecalis from the root canal

Australian Endodontic Journal — Tue, 31 Aug 2010 23:00:00 +0100

(Source: Australian Endodontic Journal)

Evaluating the potential key factors in assessing the morphology of mesiobuccal canal in maxillary first and second molars

Australian Endodontic Journal — Tue, 31 Aug 2010 23:00:00 +0100

(Source: Australian Endodontic Journal)

Correlation between sealer penetration and microleakage following the use of MTAD as a final irrigant

Australian Endodontic Journal — Tue, 31 Aug 2010 23:00:00 +0100

(Source: Australian Endodontic Journal)

ORIGINAL RESEARCH: Bond strength of fibre glass and carbon fibre posts to the root canal walls using different resin cements

Australian Endodontic Journal — Wed, 18 Aug 2010 05:34:00 +0100

(Source: Australian Endodontic Journal)

ORIGINAL RESEARCH: Morphometrical analysis of cleaning capacity of a hybrid instrumentation in mesial flattened root canals

Australian Endodontic Journal — Wed, 18 Aug 2010 05:34:00 +0100

(Source: Australian Endodontic Journal)

An agar diffusion study comparing the antimicrobial activity of Nanoseal with some other endodontic sealers

Australian Endodontic Journal — Tue, 17 Aug 2010 05:35:03 +0100

(Source: Australian Endodontic Journal)

Influence of endodontic irrigants on bond strength of a self‐etching adhesive

Australian Endodontic Journal — Tue, 17 Aug 2010 05:35:03 +0100

(Source: Australian Endodontic Journal)

Endodontic treatment of a taurodontic premolar with five canals

Australian Endodontic Journal — Tue, 17 Aug 2010 05:35:02 +0100

(Source: Australian Endodontic Journal)

Effect of F‐File on removal of the smear layer: A scanning electron microscope study

Australian Endodontic Journal — Tue, 17 Aug 2010 05:35:02 +0100

(Source: Australian Endodontic Journal)

Vertical force and torque analysis during mechanical preparation of extracted teeth using hand ProTaper instruments

Australian Endodontic Journal — Tue, 17 Aug 2010 05:35:02 +0100

(Source: Australian Endodontic Journal)

Bond strength of fibre glass and carbon fibre posts to the root canal walls using different resin cements

Australian Endodontic Journal — Tue, 17 Aug 2010 05:35:01 +0100

(Source: Australian Endodontic Journal)

Morphometrical analysis of cleaning capacity of a hybrid instrumentation in mesial flattened root canals

Australian Endodontic Journal — Tue, 17 Aug 2010 05:35:01 +0100

(Source: Australian Endodontic Journal)

Bovine pulp tissue dissolution ability of HealOzone®, Aquatine Alpha Electrolyte® and sodium hypochlorite

Australian Endodontic Journal — Sun, 01 Aug 2010 00:00:00 +0100

AbstractThe aim of this study was to evaluate the bovine pulp tissue dissolution ability of HealOzone, Aquatine Alpha Electrolyte® and 0.5% sodium hypochlorite, used alone or in combination. Thirty bovine pulp fragments were weighed, divided into six groups and placed individually in Eppendorf tubes containing the tested solution until total dissolution occurred. The groups were: G1: saline (negative control), G2: Aquatine Alpha Electrolyte®, G3: 0.5% NaOCl (positive control), G4: Saline + HealOzone, G5: 0.5% NaOCl + HealOzone, G6: Aquatine Alpha Electrolyte® + HealOzone. HealOzone was activated for 2 min with a #6 cup covering the test tube opening on a fixed platform. Two blinded observers using 2× loupes magnification assessed the samples continuously for the first 2�...

Evaluation of the antifungal activity of four solutions used as a final rinse in vitro

Australian Endodontic Journal — Sat, 31 Jul 2010 23:00:00 +0100

Abstract (Source: Australian Endodontic Journal)

Root canal configurations of third molar teeth. A comparison with first and second molars in the Turkish population

Australian Endodontic Journal — Sat, 31 Jul 2010 23:00:00 +0100

(Source: Australian Endodontic Journal)

ORIGINAL RESEARCH: Electronic working length determination in primary teeth by Propex and Digital Signal Processing

Australian Endodontic Journal — Sat, 31 Jul 2010 23:00:00 +0100

(Source: Australian Endodontic Journal)

ORIGINAL RESEARCH: Effectiveness of different chemical agents for disinfection of gutta‐percha cones

Australian Endodontic Journal — Sat, 31 Jul 2010 23:00:00 +0100

(Source: Australian Endodontic Journal)

Effectiveness of different chemical agents for disinfection of gutta‐percha cones

Australian Endodontic Journal — Sat, 31 Jul 2010 23:00:00 +0100

(Source: Australian Endodontic Journal)

Endodontic treatment of a mandibular first molar with three mesial canals and broken instrument removal

Australian Endodontic Journal — Sat, 31 Jul 2010 23:00:00 +0100

(Source: Australian Endodontic Journal)

Obituary

Australian Endodontic Journal — Sat, 31 Jul 2010 23:00:00 +0100

(Source: Australian Endodontic Journal)

Western Australia

Australian Endodontic Journal — Sat, 31 Jul 2010 23:00:00 +0100

(Source: Australian Endodontic Journal)

South Australia

Australian Endodontic Journal — Sat, 31 Jul 2010 23:00:00 +0100

(Source: Australian Endodontic Journal)

Victoria

Australian Endodontic Journal — Sat, 31 Jul 2010 23:00:00 +0100

(Source: Australian Endodontic Journal)

New South Wales

Australian Endodontic Journal — Sat, 31 Jul 2010 23:00:00 +0100

(Source: Australian Endodontic Journal)

Queensland

Australian Endodontic Journal — Sat, 31 Jul 2010 23:00:00 +0100

(Source: Australian Endodontic Journal)

Letter to the Editor

Australian Endodontic Journal — Sat, 31 Jul 2010 23:00:00 +0100

(Source: Australian Endodontic Journal)

Change of venue and date for the 2011 APEC Congress in Iran

Australian Endodontic Journal — Sat, 31 Jul 2010 23:00:00 +0100

(Source: Australian Endodontic Journal)

Endodontic imaging as an aid to forensic personal identification

Australian Endodontic Journal — Sat, 31 Jul 2010 23:00:00 +0100

Abstract (Source: Australian Endodontic Journal)

A rare case of dens invaginatus in a mandibular canine

Australian Endodontic Journal — Sat, 31 Jul 2010 23:00:00 +0100

Abstract (Source: Australian Endodontic Journal)

Expression of Notch signalling‐related genes in normal and differentiating rat dental pulp cells

Australian Endodontic Journal — Sat, 31 Jul 2010 23:00:00 +0100

Abstract (Source: Australian Endodontic Journal)

President's report

Australian Endodontic Journal — Sat, 31 Jul 2010 23:00:00 +0100

(Source: Australian Endodontic Journal)

A comparison of cyclic fatigue resistance in reciprocating and rotary nickel‐titanium instruments

Australian Endodontic Journal — Sat, 31 Jul 2010 23:00:00 +0100

(Source: Australian Endodontic Journal)

Monozygotic twins with idiopathic internal root resorption: A case report

Australian Endodontic Journal — Tue, 11 May 2010 23:00:00 +0100

This study presents the first case of internal root resorption in monozygotic twins. Genetic factors have been implicated in the development of root resorption lesions. The link between interleukin (IL)-1 gene polymorphism and root resorption had been reported. However, these studies have involved external root resorption. Twin healthy 17 year old Caucasian sisters were diagnosed with internal root resorption in their upper left central incisor. Neither had a history of orofacial trauma and neither had received orthodontic treatment. The presence of IL-1[beta]+C3953 allele is the sign of predisposed susceptibility to an exaggerated inflammatory response, including a limited feedback mechanism as a consequence of IL-1RN mutation. Most investigators agree that the listed polymorphism present...

Expression of Notch signalling-related genes in normal and differentiating rat dental pulp cells

Australian Endodontic Journal — Mon, 10 May 2010 23:00:00 +0100

Notch signalling is of fundamental importance to various processes during embryonic development and in adults. The possible role of Hey1, an important Notch signalling component, in odontoblast differentiation was evaluated in this study. Primary cultured dental pulp cells, derived from upper incisors of 5-week-old Wistar rats, were placed in [alpha]-modification of Eagle's minimal essential medium supplemented with 10% Fetal Bovine Serum (FBS), and ascorbic acid (AA) and [beta]-glycerophosphate ([beta]-GP), with or without dexamethasone, and cultured on dishes coated with collagen type IA for 7 days. Conventional and real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) was performed to determine the expression of Notch-related genes and dentin sialophosphoprotein as a marker of odontoblast different...

In vivo comparison of the accuracy of two electronic apex locators

Australian Endodontic Journal — Mon, 10 May 2010 23:00:00 +0100

The aim of this study was to analyse in vivo the accuracy of two apex locators, Root ZX and Novapex, to determine the position of the apical constriction. Twenty-three human single-rooted teeth to be extracted for periodontal reasons constituted the experiment. Endodontic access was obtained and the apical constriction was determined by one of the apex locators after initial crown-down preparation. When the electronic marker indicated that the tip of the endodontic file was at the apical constriction, the teeth were filled with composite and then surgically removed. The presence of the endodontic file tip at the apical constriction was evaluated stereomicroscopically (30×) and confirming radiographs were exposed. The accuracy of Root ZX and Novapex was 91.7% and 81.8% respectively. Within...

Evaluation of microleakage of root canal fillings irradiated with different output powers of erbium, chromium:yttrium-scandium-gallium-garnet laser

Australian Endodontic Journal — Mon, 10 May 2010 23:00:00 +0100

This study evaluated the root canal seal achieved by irradiation with an erbium, chromium:yttrium-scandium-gallium-garnet laser, and the optimal output power to remove debris and the smear layer were determined. One hundred mandibular premolar teeth were prepared and divided into four groups. Group 1 was not lased but was irrigated with 5 mL of 5.25% NaOCl and 5 mL of 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid. Group 2 was irradiated at a panel setting of 1 W, group 3 at 2 W and group 4 at 2.5 W, with a 50% water level and 48% air-cooling level. Root canals were obturated by cold lateral compaction, and apical microleakage was measured using a fluid filtration model. The remaining debris and smear layer were evaluated via scanning electron microscopy. Statistically significant differences were de...

A comparison of cyclic fatigue resistance in reciprocating and rotary nickel-titanium instruments

Australian Endodontic Journal — Mon, 10 May 2010 23:00:00 +0100

The cyclic fatigue resistance of four nickel-titanium endodontic instruments was compared. K3, ProFile and GT Series X rotary instruments were examined along with SafeSiders reciprocating instruments. 30/0.04 instruments at 25 mm length were compared. Cyclic fatigue testing was conducted by operating instruments in artificially constructed stainless steel canals with 30° and 45° angles of curvature and 5 mm and 7.5 mm radii of curvature. The time and cycles to failure were recorded for 192 samples. Statistical analysis was performed with three-way anova and the Student-Neuman-Keuls multiple comparisons testing. With a 5 min maximum running time, no SafeSiders samples were observed to separate. ProFile and GT Series X instruments were found to be significantly more resistant than K3 instr...

Evaluation of microleakage of root canal fillings irradiated with different output powers of erbium, chromium:yttrium‐scandium‐gallium‐garnet laser

Australian Endodontic Journal — Fri, 30 Apr 2010 23:00:00 +0100

(Source: Australian Endodontic Journal)

The importance of soft tissue examination in post‐traumatic decision‐making: A case report

Australian Endodontic Journal — Fri, 01 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

(Source: Australian Endodontic Journal)

Endoscopic removal of an endodontic file accidentally swallowed: Clinical and legal approaches

Australian Endodontic Journal — Wed, 16 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100

This report presents a case in which a K-file was accidentally swallowed during an endodontic procedure, performed without the use of a rubber dam. Given the absence of immediate clinical complications, the subject underwent a chest radiograph. The file was located at the oesophagogastric junction and was later removed by endoscopy. In addition to the clinical repercussions, this example also illustrates the ethical-legal aspects of this type of accident. (Source: Australian Endodontic Journal)

The importance of soft tissue examination in post-traumatic decision-making: A case report

Australian Endodontic Journal — Tue, 15 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100

Dental and facial traumas involving teeth and supporting tissues are common sports-related injuries. In this case report treatment of a 23-year-old student who had been elbowed by an opponent player during a basketball game, which caused oblique fractures on both maxillary incisor teeth is presented. The patient presented 17 days following trauma having completed full recovery of soft tissues. A fragment of upper incisor tooth had been embedded in lower lip at the time of trauma, which was covered by healing tissues. At the 1 month control the patient complained of a hard structure in his lower lip. The elusive broken fragment was revealed by a radiograph and then removed surgically. This case report is a good example of the importance of the training of general dentists about sports-relat...

Removal of intracanal smear layer by doxycycline: SEM analysis

Australian Endodontic Journal — Tue, 17 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100

The aim of this study was to verify the efficacy of doxycycline used alone or in association with sodium hypochlorite on smear layer removal. The canals of extracted human teeth were instrumented using a stepback technique. At the end of preparation, they were irrigated with doxycycline (Group 1), ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid + sodium hypochlorite (Group 2), doxycycline + sodium hypochlorite (Group 3) and water (Group 4). The dentinal wall of the cervical, middle and apical thirds was graded according to the amount of remaining debris and smear layer. The results were analysed using the Kruskal[ndash]Wallis test (P < 0.05). In Groups 2 and 4, the dentine was completely free and covered with smear layer, respectively. The results from the cervical and middle thirds of Group 3 were worse ...

Dentin strain induced by laser irradiation

Australian Endodontic Journal — Thu, 05 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100

The purpose of this study was to investigate the strain and temperature change in dentin induced by laser irradiation of human root canals with or without water cooling. Twenty-eight palatal roots of extracted human maxillary first molars were used. The strain in dentin was measured using strain gauges fixed on the apical third of the buccal root surface. The temperature change of the root dentin was monitored using thermocouples embedded into dentin near the apex. The root canal was irradiated with Er:YAG or Nd:YAG laser at an output of 1 W (100 mJ, 10 pps) for 5 s. The tip of the irradiation fibre was located 2.0 mm from the root apex. With water cooling, the mean maximum strain induced by Er:YAG laser was significantly lower than that by Nd:YAG laser (P < 0.05). However, without water c...

Substance P and CGRP expression in dental pulps with irreversible pulpitis

Australian Endodontic Journal — Wed, 04 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100

This study demonstrated that the expression of CGRP and SP is significantly higher in pulps with irreversible pulpitis compared with healthy pulps. (Source: Australian Endodontic Journal)

Bacterial colonisation of root canal dentine previously treated with endodontic irrigants

Australian Endodontic Journal — Wed, 04 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100

This study assessed if residues from MTAD, Endo-CHX, Peridex Oral Rinse or 6% NaOCl were inactivated by exposure to simulated leakage. Extracted teeth (15/group) were cut and drilled to produce a cylindrical canal space. They were irrigated, dried with paper points and transferred into 1 mL of simulated leakage (Enterococcus faecalis in tryptic soy broth) every 24 h. After one, two or three transfers, the number of colony forming units was measured by drilling the canal space and recovering the dentine shavings in antimicrobial-inactivating broth. Two-way anova of the log-transformed data showed irrigation method, leakage volume and their interaction were significant factors (P < 0.001). Compared with the positive control, the logarithmic reductions in the number of E. faecalis colonies af...

Comparison of the canal centring ability of K3, Liberator and EZ Fill Safesiders by using spiral computed tomography

Australian Endodontic Journal — Thu, 22 Oct 2009 23:00:00 +0100

The purpose of the study was to compare the canal centring ability of K3, Liberator and EZ Fill Safesiders by using spiral computed tomography (SCT). Forty curved mandibular premolars were selected. Before and after instrumentation teeth were scanned by spiral computed tomography and nine cross-sectional views of each tooth were obtained at 1.5 mm intervals from the apex. Canal centring ratio was calculated. Mean values were compared between different study groups by using one-way anova followed by Tukey [ndash] HSD procedure. At 1st, 2nd and 3rd levels, there was no statistical difference between groups. From 4th to 9th levels Safesider showed higher centring ratio, followed by Liberator and K3. Safesider showed better canal centring ability followed by Liberator and K3. (Source: Australi...

In vitro evaluation of effect of various endodontic solutions on selected physical properties of white mineral trioxide aggregate

Australian Endodontic Journal — Thu, 22 Oct 2009 23:00:00 +0100

During endodontic therapy various irrigating solutions at different concentrations and duration are used. These chemical solutions may affect the setting reaction of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA). The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) (5.25%), chlorhexidine gluconate (CHX) (2%), ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) solution (17%) and BioPure MTAD on surface micro-hardness and flexural strength of white MTA. Twenty-five disk-shaped and 25 bar-shaped specimens were divided into five groups and were stored under distilled water, NaOCl (5.25%), chlorhexidine CHX (2%), EDTA solution (17%) and BioPure MTAD for 7 days. The micro-hardness of disk specimens was measured while the flexural strength was tested on bar specimens. EDTA and BioPure MTAD sign...

Apical resorption in teeth with periapical lesions: Correlation between radiographic diagnosis and SEM examination

Australian Endodontic Journal — Tue, 06 Oct 2009 23:00:00 +0100

This study correlated the radiographic findings and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of external apical resorption (EAR) in teeth with periapical lesions. Standard radiographs were taken from 45 teeth with periapical lesions before their extraction. Using a radiographic examination, the root apex of each tooth was classified according to the EAR into the following categories: radiographic external apical resorption (REAR) absent, superficial and deep. The apical root surface was also examined with SEM. Photomicrographs of EARs were classified as periforaminal (PEAR) and foraminal (FEAR) in three degrees: 0, 1 and 2. REAR was present in 72.5% of cases, of which 20% were deep. Based upon SEM analysis, PEAR and FEAR occurred in 75.6% and 66.7% of cases respectively; 51.2% and 59% res...

Endodontic management of a fused mandibular third molar and distomolar: A case report

Australian Endodontic Journal — Mon, 05 Oct 2009 23:00:00 +0100

Careful management of fused teeth is essential as abnormal morphology can predispose a tooth to caries and periodontal disease. In this paper, a rare case of successful endodontic management of unilateral mandibular third molar fused to a distomolar is reported. Caries was removed from the tooth complex under local anaesthesia. The pulp chambers of the third molar and supernumerary tooth were accessed and the root canals were prepared using rotary instrumentation and copious irrigation with 2.5% sodium hypochlorite. Obturation using the lateral condensation technique with gutta-percha and AH26 sealer was subsequently performed. A 1-year recall showed a good treatment result. (Source: Australian Endodontic Journal)

Histological evaluation of rat tissue response to GMTA, Retroplast, and Geristore retrograde filling materials

Australian Endodontic Journal — Mon, 05 Oct 2009 23:00:00 +0100

The aim of the study was to compare the short-term biocompatibility of grey mineral trioxide aggregate (GMTA), Retroplast and Geristore. Silicon tubes filled with the materials and empty control tubes were implanted in the dorsal connective tissue of 30 Wistar albino rats. The tubes and surrounding tissues were excised and prepared for histological examination at 1 week, 1 month and 2 months after implantation. Inflammatory cell counts and the presence or absence of necrosis adjacent to the materials and control tubes were recorded. Data were statistically analysed using one-way anova and Tukey's multiple comparisons tests. The empty control tubes were well tolerated. All tested materials showed a more severe initial reaction than the control group. With time, the reaction became chronic, ...

Teeth with double internal inflammatory resorption: Report of two cases

Australian Endodontic Journal — Tue, 29 Sep 2009 23:00:00 +0100

Internal inflammatory resorption is an uncommon condition, which requires the presence of necrotic and infected pulp tissue within the coronal portion of the root canal system as well as inflamed pulp tissue apical to the resorptive defect. The defect usually appears as a bowl-shaped radiolucency within the tooth root. Most cases are asymptomatic and many cases are only seen once the entire pulp has necrosed and all of the root canal system is infected resulting in apical periodontitis. The two cases presented are unusual in that they both had two distinct areas of internal inflammatory resorption. It is hypothesised that the more coronal lesion occurred first and then it ceased to continue resorbing the root in that position as the 'necrotic, infected front' moved apically at which time a...

Apical microleakage evaluation of system B compared with cold lateral technique: In vitro study

Australian Endodontic Journal — Mon, 28 Sep 2009 23:00:00 +0100

The aim of this study was to evaluate in vitro the apical sealing ability of cold lateral and system B root filling techniques using dye penetration. Eighty-six extracted single-rooted human teeth were prepared and randomly divided into two experimental groups to be obturated by cold lateral condensation (n = 33) and system B (n = 33). The remaining 20 teeth served as positive and negative controls. The roots were embedded for 72 h in methylene blue dye solution and sectioned transversely for dye penetration evaluation using stereomicroscope. The results of this study showed that cold lateral condensation leaked significantly more (P < 0.001) than system B technique. (Source: Australian Endodontic Journal)

Effects of new adhesive resin root canal filling materials on vertical root fractures

Australian Endodontic Journal — Mon, 28 Sep 2009 23:00:00 +0100

The aim of this study was to compare the fracture resistance of roots following root canal therapy using the RC Sealer system, the Epiphany system and the conventional system of gutta-percha and Sealapex. Fifty-six maxillary central incisors were divided into eight groups of seven teeth each, according to master apical file size and obturation systems. Obturation materials in the root canal were vertically loaded using a universal testing machine. Fracture loads were analysed by anova and Tukey comparison, and fracture patterns were analysed with ordinal logistic regression. Master apical file size 80 had a significantly lower fracture load than size 40 (P < 0.05). The groups obturated using the Resilon Cone and the Epiphany Sealer had significantly lower fracture loads than the other grou...

SEM evaluation of the apical external root surface of teeth with chronic periapical lesion

Australian Endodontic Journal — Sat, 30 May 2009 04:00:00 +0100

The aim is to verify, under scanning electron microscopy, the occurrence of apical root resorption in anterior and posterior teeth with chronic and radiographically visible periapical lesions. Thirty-two teeth were extracted, the apical thirds (n = 39) were removed, and prepared to analyse the external apical root surface. All specimens presented irregular areas of root resorption with different depths, located mainly around the apical foramen. Teeth with chronic periapical lesions present areas of external apical root resorption with irregular surface and different depths located mainly around the apical foramen. Root resorptions may show different configurations and destroy the apical root structure more or less extensively. (Source: Australian Endodontic Journal)

Fluid-transport evaluation of lateral condensation, ProTaper gutta-percha and warm vertical condensation obturation techniques

Australian Endodontic Journal — Thu, 28 May 2009 04:00:00 +0100

The purpose of this study was to compare the microleakage of four obturation techniques (lateral condensation, lateral condensation of ProTaper Gutta-percha, single ProTaper Gutta-percha and warm vertical condensation) over a 3-month period. A fluid-transport model was used to measure microleakage. Sixty human-extracted teeth, divided into four groups, were prepared with ProTaper rotary instruments before the root canals were filled by one of the four examined techniques. All groups were obturated using Sultan as a root canal sealer. Microleakage was measured 7 days, 1 month and 3 months after the procedures. There were no statistically significant differences between the four groups at any of examination points (P > 0.05). The leakage was increased in all obturation techniques over the 3-...

The relationship of pulp polyp with the presence and concentration of immunoglobulin E, histamine, interleukin-4 and interleukin-12

Australian Endodontic Journal — Thu, 28 May 2009 04:00:00 +0100

The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between pulp polyp formation and immunoglobulin E (IgE), histamine and interleukin-4 (IL-4) as the most important mediators which are involved in allergy. Thirty-two samples including 16 pulp polyps and 16 normal pulps were gathered. After homogenising the pulpal tissue samples, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) techniques were used to assess the concentration of IgE, histamine, IL-4 and IL-12. The two groups showed statistically significant differences in terms of both the concentration and presence of IgE, histamine and IL-4 (P < 0.001); both presence and concentration of IgE, histamine and IL-4 were higher in pulp polyps than in normal pulps. There is not any significant difference between case and control groups regarding I...

Reliability of assessing dye penetration along root canal fillings using methylene blue

Australian Endodontic Journal — Thu, 28 May 2009 04:00:00 +0100

This study checked whether dye penetration displayed by MB is comparable to Rhodamine B (RB). One hundred and seventy-two root canals were filled with gutta-percha and six sealers. Samples were covered with nail varnish except for the apical area, and immersed in MB or RB solutions under negative pressure. After 24 h, roots were bisected, photographed and the maximal dye penetration recorded. Dye penetrations displayed by MB and RB were compared (Newman[ndash]Keuls test). MB and RB displayed comparable results for groups filled with AH Plus, EndoREZ and Polifil (P > 0.05). For Endofill, Sealer 26 and Sealapex, a significant lower dye penetration was observed when MB was used (P < 0.05). Laboratory tests using MB for measuring dye penetration through filled root canals can result in mislead...

Endodontic treatment of a mandibular first molar with three mesial canals and broken instrument removal

Australian Endodontic Journal — Thu, 28 May 2009 04:00:00 +0100

To succeed in any dental procedure, the clinician's awareness of the patient's dental anatomy and its variations is crucial. In endodontic therapy, obtaining full information about the root canals' variations can affect the outcome substantially. This case report presents the endodontic treatment of a mandibular first molar exhibiting three mesial root canals with 4 mm of a separated K-file in the coronal third of the mesiolingual canal on an 18-year-old female patient. This case demonstrates the importance of locating additional canals in any roots undergoing endodontic treatment and how the clinician's awareness of aberrant internal anatomy may change the treatment results. (Source: Australian Endodontic Journal)

Non-surgical management of paraesthesia and pain associated with endodontic sealer extrusion into the mandibular canal

Australian Endodontic Journal — Thu, 28 May 2009 04:00:00 +0100

In conclusion, iatrogenic extrusion of endodontic materials should be included in differential diagnosis of endodontic pain and can sometimes be managed through non-surgical interventions in some cases. (Source: Australian Endodontic Journal)

Antimicrobial substantivity of root canal irrigants and medicaments: A review

Australian Endodontic Journal — Thu, 28 May 2009 04:00:00 +0100

Disinfection of the root canal system is one of the primary aims of root canal treatment. This can be achieved through the use of various antimicrobial agents in the form of irrigants and medicaments. These agents are only used for relatively short periods of time ranging from minutes (for irrigants) up to days or several weeks (for medicaments) and therefore their long-term antimicrobial effects rely on whether or not the particular agent has any properties of substantivity. If irrigants and medicaments had effective long-term residual antimicrobial activity that could prevent re-infection of the root canal system, then the long-term outcomes of endodontic treatment might be improved. Only a small number of studies have investigated the short-term substantivity of commonly used antimicrob...

Effect of sodium ascorbate on bond strength of different adhesive systems to NaOCl-treated dentin

Australian Endodontic Journal — Fri, 22 May 2009 04:00:00 +0100

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of sodium ascorbate on bond strength of different adhesive systems to NaOCl-treated dentin. Eighty extracted molar teeth were used in the study. The buccal enamel surfaces were removed to obtain a flat dentin surface. The teeth were mounted in self-curing resin and dentin surfaces were irrigated with NaOCl for 10 min. Half of the specimens were treated with sodium ascorbate for 10 min. The teeth were randomly assigned to four subgroups according to the adhesive systems used (Clearfil SE Bond, Clearfil Tri-S Bond, Adper Prompt-L-Pop, Adper Single Bond 2). Bond strengths were determined with a Universal Testing Machine, at a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min. Data were statistically analysed using anova at a significance level of 0.05. Two-way an...

Evaluation of the centreing ability of the ProTaper Universal™ rotary system in curved roots in comparison to Nitiflex™ files

Australian Endodontic Journal — Thu, 21 May 2009 04:00:00 +0100

The aim of the present study was to assess the centreing ability of the ProTaper Universal[trade] rotary system in curved roots in comparison to Nitiflex[trade] files, by means of preoperative and postoperative imaging of a cross-section of the apical third. Twenty mesiobuccal canals of human first mandibular molars with a degree of curvature ranging from 35° to 60° were divided into two groups of 10 specimens each: group 1, ProTaper Universal[trade] rotary system; group 2 (control), Nitiflex[trade] files. All instruments produced morphological alterations. The Student's t-test and Kruskal[ndash]Wallis test showed that the differences were not statistically significant, except for the specimens instrumented by Nitiflex file #30. The ProTaper Universal[trade] showed the capacity for produ...

Mandibular first premolar with two roots and three canals

Australian Endodontic Journal — Thu, 21 May 2009 04:00:00 +0100

This case report presents a relatively uncommon clinical case of a mandibular premolar with two roots and three canals. The possibility of additional root canals should be considered even in teeth with a low frequency of abnormal root canal anatomy. Sound knowledge of root canal anatomy, appropriate assessment of the pulp chamber floor, critical interpretation of radiographs and high-magnification examinations are highly desirable to achieve the best possible outcome in complicated root canal therapy. (Source: Australian Endodontic Journal)

Safety of laser use under the dental microscope

Australian Endodontic Journal — Thu, 21 May 2009 04:00:00 +0100

The aim of this study was to investigate the safety of laser use under the dental microscope. Nd:YAG, Er:YAG and diode lasers were used. The end of the tips was positioned at a distance of 5 cm from the objective lens of a dental microscope. Each eye protector was made into a flat disc, which was fixed on the lens of the microscope. The filters were placed in front of the objective lens or behind the eye lens. Transmitted energy through the microscope with or without the filters was measured. No transmitted laser energy was detected when using matched eye protectors. Mismatched eye protectors were not effective for shutting out laser energy, especially for Nd:YAG and diode lasers. None or very little laser energy was detected through the microscope even without any laser filter. Matched fi...

Root canal re-treatment of a mandibular second premolar with three root canals: a case report

Australian Endodontic Journal — Thu, 21 May 2009 04:00:00 +0100

Accurate diagnosis of root canal morphology and anatomy is essential for thorough shaping and cleaning of the entire root canal system and consequent successful root canal treatment. Mandibular premolars show a wide variety of root canal anatomy. This paper describes a case of mandibular second premolar with three root canals that has previously received an incomplete root canal treatment. (Source: Australian Endodontic Journal)

Evaluation of cytotoxicity of two root canal filling materials by MTT assay

Australian Endodontic Journal — Thu, 21 May 2009 04:00:00 +0100

In this study there were four groups: GP and GF were considered as study groups and the other two were negative control groups. GP and GF were prepared according to manufacturer's instruction. L-929 fibroblast cells of mouse were passaged with trypsin (Merck, Germany) after elimination of freeze phase. Adequate trypsin was added to cells and they were prepared with 95% of cell vitality. After 24 h, 150 000 cells were put in each well. The cell and dimethyl methacrylate were used as negative and positive controls. Ten specimens from each group were brought into contact with the culture medium and were incubated under sterilised conditions 24 h later. The cytotoxicity of all samples was assessed by dimethylthiazol diphenyltetrazolium bromide test after 1 h, 24 h and 72 h. The results showed ...

Use of a natural tooth crown as a pontic following cervical root fracture: a case report

Australian Endodontic Journal — Thu, 21 May 2009 04:00:00 +0100

The loss of anterior teeth can be psychologically and socially damaging to the patient. Despite a wide range of treatment options available, traumatised teeth may be inevitably lost on certain occasions. This paper describes the immediate replacement of a right central incisor using a fibre-composite resin with the natural tooth crown as a pontic. The abutment teeth can be conserved with minimal or no preparation, thus keeping the technique reversible, and can be completed at chair side thereby avoiding laboratory costs. It can be used as an interim measure or a definitive prosthesis. (Source: Australian Endodontic Journal)

A comparative study of four rotary NiTi instruments in preserving canal curvature, preparation time and change of working length

Australian Endodontic Journal — Tue, 07 Apr 2009 04:00:00 +0100

The purpose of this ex vivo study was to compare working time, working length changes and shaping effects using ProTaper, ProFile, FlexMaster and Mtwo rotary instruments. A total of 96 mesiobuccal roots of the first maxillary molars were prepared using these instruments. Using pre and post-radiographs, canal curvature and working length were measured. In addition, the time required for canal preparation was recorded. Data was statistically analysed using one-way anova and Duncan's post-hoc tests. ProTaper significantly lessened the canal curvature (P < 0.001), and Mtwo rotary instruments took significantly less instrumentation time (P < 0.001). No significant difference was observed between the four groups in changing working lengths (P = 0.081). According to the results of the study, the ...

Effect of two storage solutions on surface topography of two root-end fillings

Australian Endodontic Journal — Wed, 26 Nov 2008 05:00:00 +0100

The effect of different storage solutions on surface topography of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) and new experimental cement (NEC) as root-end fillings was investigated. Twenty-four single-rooted teeth were cleaned, shaped and obturated in a same manner. After root-end resection, 3-mm deep root-end cavities were ultrasonically prepared. Samples were randomly divided into four test groups (A1-A2-B1-B2, n = 6). Root-end cavities in groups A and B were filled with MTA and NEC, respectively, and were then stored in 100% humidity for 24 h. The samples of groups 1 and 2 were, respectively, immersed in normal saline (NS) and phosphate buffer saline solutions for 1 week. The samples were imaged under stereomicroscope before and after immersion and were then investigated and analysed by scanning...

Root canal treatment of three-rooted maxillary second premolars: Report of four cases

Australian Endodontic Journal — Tue, 25 Nov 2008 05:00:00 +0100

The aim of this report is to contribute to a better understanding of the radiographic, clinical and anatomic findings in maxillary second premolars. This paper reports the endodontic treatment of two cases of three-rooted three-canal maxillary second premolars in different patients, and two sound maxillary second premolars also with three canals and three independent roots in a sibling of one of the patients. Although the presence of maxillary second premolars with one or two canals and one root is much more common, other anatomic conditions can be found. A correct clinical and radiographic diagnosis based on knowledge of root canal anatomy and critical interpretation of radiographs is necessary for a safer and successful endodontic treatment of these teeth. (Source: Australian Endodontic ...

An initial investigation on torsional properties of nickel-titanium instruments produced with a new manufacturing method

Australian Endodontic Journal — Tue, 25 Nov 2008 05:00:00 +0100

A new manufacturing process involving twisting of a ground blank combined with heat treatment has been recently developed to produce nickel-titanium rotary files for root canal preparation. The aim of this study was to compare torsional resistance of prototype instruments produced using the new manufacturing method versus traditional nickel-titanium instruments produced by the customary grinding process. Twenty prototypes instruments of the same design and dimensions were divided in two groups of 10 each, according to the different manufacturing method. A file-testing apparatus specifically designed to perform torsional testing was used in accordance with the International Organization for Standardization 3630-1. The results indicated that instruments manufactured by the new manufacturing ...

Scanning electron microscopy evaluation of the hard tissue barrier after pulp capping with calcium hydroxide, mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) or ProRoot MTA

Australian Endodontic Journal — Tue, 25 Nov 2008 05:00:00 +0100

The aim of this study was to investigate the morphology and localisation of calcium hydroxide- and mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA)-induced hard tissue barriers after pulpotomy in dogs' teeth. Pulpotomies were performed on maxillary and mandibular premolars of five dogs. The teeth were assigned into three groups according to the pulp-capping agent used. The pulpal wounds were capped with calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2[ndash] control), MTA or ProRoot MTA, and the cavities were restored with amalgam. After a 90-day follow-up period, the dogs were euthanised and the teeth were examined under scanning electron microscopy (SEM). An image-processing and analysis software was used to delimit the perimeters of the root canal area and the hard tissue barrier to determine the percentage of root canal ob...