MedWorm.com provides a medical RSS filtering service. Over 6000 RSS medical sources are combined and output via different filters. This feed contains the latest items from the 'BMC International Health and Human Rights' source. Mon, 15 Mar 2010 15:57:45 +0100 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3345467&cid=s_31002_46_f&fid=31002&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.biomedcentral.com%2F1472-698X%2F10%2F4 Conclusions: These data from the VCT service in Kenema will be used to improve the accessibility of HIV testing. Questions raised by the analysis will be used to enhance data collection and to inform further research on risk factors. (Source: BMC International Health and Human Rights) BMC International Health and Human Rights journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3345467 Tue, 09 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3345467 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3337420&cid=s_31002_46_f&fid=31002&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.biomedcentral.com%2F1472-698X%2F10%2F3 Conclusions: There has been little improvement in the performance of the health system since decentralization occurred in 2001 even though there have also been significant increases in public funding for health. In fact, the decentralization has been limited in extent and structural problems make management of the system as a whole difficult. At the national level there has been no real attempt to envision the health system that Indonesia will need for the next 20 to 30 years or how the substantial public subsidy to this lightly regulated private system could be used in creative ways to stimulate innovation, mitigate market failures, improve equity and quality, and to enhance the performance of the system as a whole. (Source: BMC International Health and Human Rights) BMC International Health and Human Rights journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3337420 Fri, 05 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3337420 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3234419&cid=s_31002_46_f&fid=31002&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.biomedcentral.com%2F1472-698X%2F10%2F2 Background: HIV-awareness programs tailored toward the needs of rural communities are needed. We sought to quantify change in HIV knowledge in three rural Nigerian villages following an integrated culturally adapted and technology assisted educational intervention. Methods: A prospective 14-week cohort study was designed to compare short-term changes in HIV knowledge between seminar-based education program and a novel program, which capitalized on the rural culture of small-group oral learning and was delivered by portable digital-audio technology. Results: Participants were mostly Moslem (99%), male (53.5%), with no formal education (55%). Baseline HIV knowledge was low ( (Source: BMC International Health and Human Rights) BMC International Health and Human Rights journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3234419 Tue, 02 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3234419 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3138498&cid=s_31002_46_f&fid=31002&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.biomedcentral.com%2F1472-698X%2F10%2F1 Conclusions: Media framing obscured the discussion of some of the underlying policy goals in this case and failed to highlight issues which are now significant barriers to the use of the legislation. Using the media to engage the public in more in-depth exploration of the policy issues at stake may contribute to a more informed policy development process. The media can be an effective channel for those stakeholders with a weaker voice in policy deliberations to raise public attention to particular issues; however, the political and institutional context must be taken into account as it may outweigh media framing effects. (Source: BMC International Health and Human Rights) BMC International Health and Human Rights journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3138498 Mon, 04 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3138498 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3032861&cid=s_31002_46_f&fid=31002&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.biomedcentral.com%2F1472-698X%2F9%2F31 This study describes the patterns of OPV and human rights violations in a disturbed area of Bangladesh and assesses the physical, emotional and social functioning of victims. Methods: A total of 236 of selected participants in a household survey in Meherpur district were recruited for a detailed study. Interviews and physical examinations were used to obtain information about history of torture and other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment (TCIDTP), and about injuries, pain frequency and intensity. Handgrip strength and standing balance performance were measured. The "WHO-5 Well-being" scale was used to assess the subjective emotional well-being of study participants. Results: The majority of the reported cases of TCIDTP occurred in 2000-2008; 51% of incidents occurred duri... BMC International Health and Human Rights journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3032861 Fri, 27 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3032861 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3025366&cid=s_31002_46_f&fid=31002&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.biomedcentral.com%2F1472-698X%2F9%2F30 We examined the psychometric properties of the Student Perceptions of School Cohesion (SPSC) scale, a 10-item scale that asks students to rate with a 5-point Likert-type response scale their perceptions of the school social environment, in a sample of public secondary school students (mean age = 15 years) living in central El Salvador. Methods: Students (n=982) completed a self-administered questionnaire that included the SPSC scale along with measures of youth health risk behaviors based on the Center for Disease Control and Prevention's Youth Risk Behavior Survey. Exploratory factor analysis was used to assess the factor structure of the scale, and two internal consistency estimates of reliability were computed. Construct validity was assessed by examining whether students who reported l... BMC International Health and Human Rights journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3025366 Wed, 25 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3025366 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3016580&cid=s_31002_46_f&fid=31002&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.biomedcentral.com%2F1472-698X%2F9%2F29 Conclusions: The level of violence and human rights violations is high. The affected population suffers from violence-related injuries and traumas, which could be a factor contributing to poverty. Victimisation is not random. (Source: BMC International Health and Human Rights) BMC International Health and Human Rights journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3016580 Sat, 21 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3016580 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2976367&cid=s_31002_46_f&fid=31002&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.biomedcentral.com%2F1472-698X%2F9%2F28 The objective of this study was to assess the performance of CHWs in the promotion of basic child health services in rural Mali. Methods: A community-based cross-sectional survey was undertaken using multi-stage cluster sampling of wards and villages. Data was collected through questionnaires among 401 child-caregivers and registers of 72 CHWs. Results: Of 401 households suppose to receive a visit by a CHW, 219 (54.6%; confidence interval 95%; 49.6-59.5) had received at least one visit in the last three months before the survey. The mother is the most important caregiver (97%); high percentage being illiterate. Caregivers treat fever and diarrhoea with the correct regimen in 40% and 11% of cases respectively. Comparative analysis between households with and without CHW visits showed a posi... BMC International Health and Human Rights journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2976367 Tue, 10 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100 2976367 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2937665&cid=s_31002_46_f&fid=31002&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.biomedcentral.com%2F1472-698X%2F9%2F27 DiscussionThe Pan American Health Organization's sponsored workshop "Programas y Servicios de Salud Mental en Communidades Indigenas" [Mental Health Programs and Services for the Indigenous Communities] in the city of Santa Cruz, Bolivia on July16 - 18, 1998, appeared promising. However, eleven years later, no specific mental health program has been designed nor developed for the Indigenous Peoples in Latin America. This paper makes four specific recommendations for improvements in the approach of the Pan American Health Organization: (1) focus activities on what can be done; (2) build partnerships with the Indigenous Peoples; (3) consider traditional healers as essential partners in any mental health effort; and (4) conduct basic research on the mental health status of the Indigenous Peop... BMC International Health and Human Rights journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2937665 Thu, 29 Oct 2009 00:00:00 +0100 2937665 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2874620&cid=s_31002_46_f&fid=31002&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.biomedcentral.com%2F1472-698X%2F9%2F25 Conclusions: This exploratory analysis suggests a potential adverse association between employment in the cut-flower industry and SAB. Study limitations include the absence of a temporal relation between exposure and SAB, no quantification of specific pesticides, and residual confounding such as physical stressors (i.e., standing). Considering that approximately half of the Ecuadorian flower laborers are women, our results emphasize the need for an evaluating the reproductive health effects of employment in the flower industry on reproductive health in this population. (Source: BMC International Health and Human Rights) BMC International Health and Human Rights journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2874620 Wed, 07 Oct 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2874620 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2867998&cid=s_31002_46_f&fid=31002&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.biomedcentral.com%2F1472-698X%2F9%2F24 Conclusion: A high proportion of community-recruited IDU participating in this study reported having drugs planted on them by police. Drug planting was found to be associated with numerous risk factors including syringe sharing and participation in government-run drug treatment programs. Immediate action should be taken to address this form of abuse of power reportedly used by police. (Source: BMC International Health and Human Rights) BMC International Health and Human Rights journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2867998 Tue, 06 Oct 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2867998 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2827016&cid=s_31002_46_f&fid=31002&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.biomedcentral.com%2F1472-698X%2F9%2F23 Conclusion: The high retention rate of this follow-up 20 years after birth recruitment is a testament to the development of successful multiphase protocols to overcome the challenges of tracing a cohort over a widespread remote area and to the perseverance of the study personnel. We also interpret the high retention rate as a reflection of the good will of the wider Aboriginal community towards this study and that researchers' interactions with the community were positive. The continued follow-up of this life course study now seems feasible and there are plans to trace and reexamine the cohort at age 25 years. (Source: BMC International Health and Human Rights) BMC International Health and Human Rights journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2827016 Wed, 23 Sep 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2827016 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2942305&cid=s_31002_46_f&fid=31002&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.biomedcentral.com%2F1472-698X%2F9%2F22 Conclusion: As long as an HIV diagnosis continues to have moral connotations, a de-stigmatisation of HIV paralleling that occurring with diseases like cancer is unlikely to occur. Maximizing synergies between HIV treatment and prevention requires an enabling environment for HIV status disclosure, treatment continuation, and safer sexual behaviours. Local leaders should be informed and sensitised and communities mobilised to address the blame-dimension of HIV stigma. (Source: BMC International Health and Human Rights) BMC International Health and Human Rights journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2942305 Wed, 09 Sep 2009 00:00:00 +0100 2942305 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2777092&cid=s_31002_46_f&fid=31002&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.biomedcentral.com%2F1472-698X%2F9%2F22 Conclusion: As long as an HIV diagnosis continues to have moral connotations, a de-stigmatisation of HIV paralleling that occurring with diseases like cancer is unlikely to occur. Maximizing synergies between HIV treatment and prevention requires an enabling environment for HIV status disclosure, sustaining treatment, and safer sexual behaviours. Local leaders should be informed and sensitised and communities mobilised to address the blame-dimension of HIV stigma. (Source: BMC International Health and Human Rights) BMC International Health and Human Rights journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2777092 Tue, 08 Sep 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2777092 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2743218&cid=s_31002_46_f&fid=31002&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.biomedcentral.com%2F1472-698X%2F9%2F20 Conclusions: Some trade-offs will be necessary between the existing wide benefits package of the NHIS and the laudable desire to reach universal coverage. The overall resource envelope for health is likely to be stable rather than increasing over the medium-term. In the longer term, the investment costs in the NHIS will only be justified if it is able to increase the cost-effectiveness of purchasing and the responsiveness of the system as a whole. (Source: BMC International Health and Human Rights) BMC International Health and Human Rights journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2743218 Thu, 27 Aug 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2743218 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2729108&cid=s_31002_46_f&fid=31002&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.biomedcentral.com%2F1472-698X%2F9%2F19 Conclusions: In combining various approaches our study was able to show that training needs concentrate around tools allowing the identification of basic human rights violations in the health system, the analysis of their causes and coordinated responses through specific intervention projects. (Source: BMC International Health and Human Rights) BMC International Health and Human Rights journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2729108 Sun, 23 Aug 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2729108 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2690521&cid=s_31002_46_f&fid=31002&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.biomedcentral.com%2F1472-698X%2F9%2F17 Conclusion: One of the important factors contributing to high level of maternal and infant mortality is unintended pregnancy. Programs should aim to reduce unintended pregnancy by focusing on all these identified factors so that infant and maternal mortality and morbidity as well as the need for abortion are decreased and the overall well-being of the family is maintained and enhanced. (Source: BMC International Health and Human Rights) BMC International Health and Human Rights journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2690521 Mon, 10 Aug 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2690521 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2669895&cid=s_31002_46_f&fid=31002&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.biomedcentral.com%2F1472-698X%2F9%2F16 Conclusions: Internally displaced people living in transitional camps are a vulnerable population and specific interventions need to be targeted at this population to address the health inequalities that they report to be experiencing. Further studies need to be conducted to establish which aspects of their housing environment predispose them to poorer health. (Source: BMC International Health and Human Rights) BMC International Health and Human Rights journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2669895 Tue, 04 Aug 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2669895 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2624496&cid=s_31002_46_f&fid=31002&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.biomedcentral.com%2F1472-698X%2F9%2F15 DiscussionWe propose sex and gender considerations at five critical stages of health biotechnology research and development: priority setting; technology design; clinical trials; commercialization, and health services delivery.SummaryApplying a systematic sex and gender framework to five key process stages of health biotechnology research and development could be a first step towards unlocking the opportunities of this promising science for women in the developing world. (Source: BMC International Health and Human Rights) BMC International Health and Human Rights journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2624496 Mon, 20 Jul 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2624496 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2619520&cid=s_31002_46_f&fid=31002&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.biomedcentral.com%2F1472-698X%2F9%2F14 Conclusion: In most Sub-Saharan African countries studied where IPVAW is widely accepted as a response to women's transgressing gender norms, men find less justification for the practice than do women. The present study suggests that proactive efforts are needed to change these norms, such as promotion of higher education and socio-demographic development. The magnitude and direction of factors associated with attitudes towards IPVAW varies widely across the countries, thus suggesting the significance of capitalizing on need-adapted interventions tailored to fit conditions in each country. (Source: BMC International Health and Human Rights) BMC International Health and Human Rights journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2619520 Sun, 19 Jul 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2619520 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2609748&cid=s_31002_46_f&fid=31002&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.biomedcentral.com%2F1472-698X%2F9%2F13 Conclusions: The community health team has several advantages over 'disease-specific' community health worker approaches in terms of accountability, acceptability, and expanded access to care. (Source: BMC International Health and Human Rights) BMC International Health and Human Rights journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2609748 Thu, 16 Jul 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2609748 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2467003&cid=s_31002_46_f&fid=31002&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.biomedcentral.com%2F1472-698X%2F9%2F12 Conclusions: The increased justification of intimate partner violence among the women in the Niger Delta could be explained by a combination of factors, among which are cognitive dissonance theory (attitudes that do not fit with other opinions they hold as a means of coping with their situation), ecological theory (behaviour or attitudes being shaped by current factors in their neighbourhood, community or family), and gender-role attitudes. Further in-depth studies are required to fully understand women's attitudes toward violence in areas of conflict. (Source: BMC International Health and Human Rights) BMC International Health and Human Rights journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2467003 Tue, 09 Jun 2009 04:00:00 +0100 2467003 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2411374&cid=s_31002_46_f&fid=31002&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.biomedcentral.com%2F1472-698X%2F9%2F11 Conclusions: Since labor migration to towns is increasingly common among ethnic minorities, the prevention of methamphetamine use and of HIV/STI infection among methamphetamine users should be prioritized to prevent HIV in this minority population in Thailand. (Source: BMC International Health and Human Rights) BMC International Health and Human Rights journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2411374 Fri, 15 May 2009 04:00:00 +0100 2411374 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2379407&cid=s_31002_46_f&fid=31002&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.biomedcentral.com%2F1472-698X%2F9%2F10 Conclusion: Seroprevalence of HIV was found to be consistent with the reports from the national HIV sentinel surveys. Enumeration of T-lymphocyte (CD4/8) should be carried out routinely in the antenatal clinics for proper timing of initiation of antiretroviral therapy among HIV infected pregnant women. (Source: BMC International Health and Human Rights) BMC International Health and Human Rights journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2379407 Thu, 30 Apr 2009 04:00:00 +0100 2379407 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2319989&cid=s_31002_46_f&fid=31002&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.biomedcentral.com%2F1472-698X%2F9%2F7 Conclusions: Findings from this study indicate that having delivery supervised by traditional birth attendants was associated with young maternal age, low education, and being poor. Meanwhile women having 1 or 2 children were less likely to be delivered by TBAs. These factors should be considered in the design of interventions to reduce the rate of deliveries assisted by TBAs in favour of professional midwives, and consequently reduce maternal and neonatal mortality rates and other adverse events. (Source: BMC International Health and Human Rights) BMC International Health and Human Rights journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2319989 Thu, 02 Apr 2009 04:00:00 +0100 2319989 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2319995&cid=s_31002_46_f&fid=31002&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.biomedcentral.com%2F1472-698X%2F9%2F5 Conclusion: According to a range of mental health stakeholders in Uganda, there is a strong interrelationship between poverty, stigma and mental illness. These findings re-affirm the need to recognize material resources as a central element in the fight against stigma of mental illness, and the importance of stigma reduction programmes in protecting the mentally ill from social isolation, particularly in conditions of poverty. (Source: BMC International Health and Human Rights) BMC International Health and Human Rights journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2319995 Tue, 31 Mar 2009 04:00:00 +0100 2319995 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2319992&cid=s_31002_46_f&fid=31002&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.biomedcentral.com%2F1472-698X%2F9%2F6 Conclusions: In spite of data limitations, the estimates reported here show that diabetes imposes a substantial economic burden on countries of the WHO African Region. That heavy burden underscores the urgent need for increased investments in the prevention and management of diabetes. (Source: BMC International Health and Human Rights) BMC International Health and Human Rights journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2319992 Tue, 31 Mar 2009 04:00:00 +0100 2319992 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2319998&cid=s_31002_46_f&fid=31002&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.biomedcentral.com%2F1472-698X%2F9%2F4 Conclusion: We suggest ultrasound is a useful modality that particularly benefits women's health and obstetrical care in the developing world. Ultrasound services significantly impact patient management plans especially with regards to potential surgical interventions. After an initial training period, it appears that an ultrasound program led by local health care providers is sustainable and lead to accurate diagnoses in a rural international setting. (Source: BMC International Health and Human Rights) BMC International Health and Human Rights journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2319998 Fri, 27 Mar 2009 04:00:00 +0100 2319998 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2293702&cid=s_31002_46_f&fid=31002&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.biomedcentral.com%2F1472-698X%2F9%2F4 Conclusions: We suggest ultrasound is a useful modality that particularly benefits women's health and obstetrical care in the developing world. Ultrasound services significantly impact patient management plans especially with regards to potential surgical interventions. After an initial training period, it appears that an ultrasound program led by local health care providers is sustainable and lead to accurate diagnoses in a rural international setting. (Source: BMC International Health and Human Rights) BMC International Health and Human Rights journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2293702 Fri, 27 Mar 2009 04:00:00 +0100 2293702 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2159412&cid=s_31002_46_f&fid=31002&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.biomedcentral.com%2F1472-698X%2F9%2F2 Background: The prevalence of Coronary Atherosclerotic Heart Disease (CASHD) is increasing in India. Several modifiable risk factors contribute directly to this disease burden. Public knowledge of such risk factors among the urban Indian population is largely unknown. This investigation attempts to quantify knowledge of modifiable risk factors of CASHD as sampled among an Indian population at a large metropolitan hospital. Methods: A hospital-based, cross sectional study was conducted at All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), a major tertiary care hospital in New Delhi, India. Participants (n=217) recruited from patient waiting areas in the emergency room were provided with standardized questionnaires to assess their knowledge of modifiable risk factors of CASHD. The risk factors... BMC International Health and Human Rights journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2159412 Wed, 04 Feb 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2159412 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2159413&cid=s_31002_46_f&fid=31002&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.biomedcentral.com%2F1472-698X%2F9%2F1 Conclusions: Government asylum policies and practices violating human rights norms are associated with demonstrable psychological health impacts. This link between policy, rights violations and health outcomes offers a framework for addressing the impact of socio-political structures on health. (Source: BMC International Health and Human Rights) BMC International Health and Human Rights journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2159413 Tue, 03 Feb 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2159413 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2038462&cid=s_31002_46_f&fid=31002&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.biomedcentral.com%2F1472-698X%2F8%2F14 Conclusion: Risks for the spread of HIV/AIDS among young people in Kazakhstan include prostitution as well as stigmatization of the HIV positive and of homosexuals. Protective factors are good knowledge about risks and protection, and opportunities to talk and gather information about sexuality and HIV/AIDS. (Source: BMC International Health and Human Rights) BMC International Health and Human Rights journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2038462 Tue, 16 Dec 2008 05:00:00 +0100 2038462 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2031688&cid=s_31002_46_f&fid=31002&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.biomedcentral.com%2F1472-698X%2F8%2F13 Conclusion: Female migrant sex workers in Hong Kong are extremely vulnerable to a number of occupational health and safety hazards which have significantly detrimental effects on their health. These risks can best be understood within a broad framework of socio-political factors contributing to their vulnerability. Ensuring that migrant sex workers have adequate support for their health and legal rights requires require structural interventions such as decriminalisation and providing open and inclusive access to health service to counteract such factors. (Source: BMC International Health and Human Rights) BMC International Health and Human Rights journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2031688 Fri, 12 Dec 2008 05:00:00 +0100 2031688 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2003737&cid=s_31002_46_f&fid=31002&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.biomedcentral.com%2F1472-698X%2F8%2F12 Conclusion: The management of severely ill children in this rural setting has several shortcomings: However, the majority of children were seen by a health care provider during the final illness. Improvements of basic health care for children suffering from acute febrile illness are likely to contribute to a substantial reduction of fatal outcomes. Health care providers at all levels and private as well as public should receive training, support, equipment and supplies to enable basic health care for children suffering from common illnesses. (Source: BMC International Health and Human Rights) BMC International Health and Human Rights journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2003737 Tue, 02 Dec 2008 05:00:00 +0100 2003737 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1973510&cid=s_31002_46_f&fid=31002&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.biomedcentral.com%2F1472-698X%2F8%2F11 Conclusion: The results broadly point to grave inefficiency in the health care delivery system of public health centers and that significant amounts of resources could be saved if measures were put in place to curb the waste. (Source: BMC International Health and Human Rights) BMC International Health and Human Rights journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1973510 Thu, 20 Nov 2008 05:00:00 +0100 1973510 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1636950&cid=s_31002_46_f&fid=31002&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.biomedcentral.com%2F1472-698X%2F8%2F10 Conclusion: Increasing the awareness of the health-effects of indoor biomass cooking smoke may be the first step in implementing a programme to reduce exposure. (Source: BMC International Health and Human Rights) BMC International Health and Human Rights journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1636950 Fri, 18 Jul 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1636950 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1550024&cid=s_31002_46_f&fid=31002&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.biomedcentral.com%2F1472-698X%2F8%2F9 Conclusions: The study has demonstrated that individual and community wealth status are independent predictors of women's sexual behaviour, and that there is significant neighbourhood variation in odds of multiple concurrent sex partners, even after controlling for effects of both individual- and community-level characteristics. Scholars trying to understand variation individual high risk sexual behaviour should pay attention to the characteristics of both individuals and places of residence. (Source: BMC International Health and Human Rights) BMC International Health and Human Rights journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1550024 Fri, 27 Jun 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1550024 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1511465&cid=s_31002_46_f&fid=31002&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.biomedcentral.com%2F1472-698X%2F8%2F8 Conclusions: Psychological strains among the study participants were very high. Traumatic stress, experienced during war and refuge, has left the victims vulnerable and not well equipped to cope with post-migration stressors in exile. It is noteworthy that the majority returned under pressure of the immigration authorities. The fear of an uncertain future after the return was substantial. These factors should be taken into account in programs designed to assist returnees, including those that offer support after return to the country of origin. (Source: BMC International Health and Human Rights) BMC International Health and Human Rights journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1511465 Thu, 12 Jun 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1511465 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1493712&cid=s_31002_46_f&fid=31002&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.biomedcentral.com%2F1472-698X%2F8%2F7 This study was conducted in rural highland Guatemala, involving 89 intervention and 80 control Mayan Indian young women (mean 27.8 years, SD 7.2). Outcomes were assessed after approximately 18 months use of the new stove. Our objectives were to compare self-rated health and change in health among women participating in a randomised control trial comparing a chimney stove with an open fire, to describe impacts on women's daily lives and their perceptions of how reduced kitchen smoke affects their own and their children's health. Results: On intention-to-treat analysis, 52.8% of intervention women reported improvement in health, compared to 23.8% of control women (p (Source: BMC International Health and Human Rights) BMC International Health and Human Rights journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1493712 Thu, 05 Jun 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1493712 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1462852&cid=s_31002_46_f&fid=31002&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.biomedcentral.com%2F1472-698X%2F8%2F6 Conclusion: The self reported health status and lifestyle, health seeking behaviour of Nepalese people who are residing in UK appears to be good. However, the overall regular exercise and dentist registration was rather poor. Health promotion, especially aimed at Nepalese migrants could help encourage them to exercise regularly and assist them to register with a dentist. Key words: globalisation, immigration, health, tobacco, alcohol, ethnicity (Source: BMC International Health and Human Rights) BMC International Health and Human Rights journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1462852 Fri, 23 May 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1462852 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1442005&cid=s_31002_46_f&fid=31002&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.biomedcentral.com%2F1472-698X%2F8%2F5 Conclusions: Levels of metabolic control among elderly population with DM in Costa Rica are not that different from those observed in industrialized countries. Elevated levels of triglycerides and LDL at community health centers may indicate problems of dyslipidemia treatment among diabetic patients; these problems are not observed in other health care settings. The Costa Rican health care system should address this problem, given that community health centers constitute a means of democratizing access to primary health care to underserved and poor areas. (Source: BMC International Health and Human Rights) BMC International Health and Human Rights journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1442005 Wed, 14 May 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1442005 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1409074&cid=s_31002_46_f&fid=31002&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.biomedcentral.com%2F1472-698X%2F8%2F5 Conclusions: No verifiable statements of assertion were found with regard to the sub-aquatic yellow conveyance. Indeed no evidence was found to back up even the most basic assertion, for example it has been found that far more than just a sky of blue, sea of green and yellow submarine is needed to maintain human life. Neither is it made clear how to reconcile the statement 'all our friends live next door' to the very basic observation that they all live in a yellow submarine. (Source: BMC International Health and Human Rights) BMC International Health and Human Rights journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1409074 Wed, 30 Apr 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1409074 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1363393&cid=s_31002_46_f&fid=31002&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.biomedcentral.com%2F1472-698X%2F8%2F4 Conclusion: This example of a faulty health information system is reportedly not unique in low and middle income countries where needs for neonatal health reforms are greatest. Improving reporting systems on births and neonatal deaths is a matter of human rights and a prerequisite for reducing neonatal mortality in order to reach the fourth millennium goal. (Source: BMC International Health and Human Rights) BMC International Health and Human Rights journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1363393 Fri, 28 Mar 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1363393 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1284318&cid=s_31002_46_f&fid=31002&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.biomedcentral.com%2F1472-698X%2F8%2F3 Conclusions: The application of the synthesis methodology utilised in this proof-of-concept study was found to be potentially very beneficial for future research in CBR, and indeed in any area within health services or international development in which evaluation reports rather than formal aresearch evidencea is the primary source material. The proof-of-concept study identified a number of limitations which are outlined. Based on the conclusions of 37 evaluation reports, future policy frameworks and implementation strategies in CBR should include a stronger emphasis on technical, organisational, administrative and personnel aspects of management and strategic leadership. (Source: BMC International Health and Human Rights) BMC International Health and Human Rights journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1284318 Thu, 06 Mar 2008 05:00:00 +0100 1284318 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1190789&cid=s_31002_46_f&fid=31002&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.biomedcentral.com%2F1472-698X%2F8%2F2 This article explores how a combined approach may make a more comprehensive contribution to resolving normative health issues and to advancing a normative framework for global health action than either approach made alone. We explore this synergy by first providing overviews of public health ethics and of human rights relevant to health and, second, by articulating complementarities between human rights and public health ethics.DiscussionWe argue that public health ethics can contribute to human rights by: (a) reinforcing the normative claims of international human rights law, (b) strengthening advocacy for human rights, and (c) bridging the divide between public health practitioners and human rights advocates in certain contemporary health domains. We then discuss how human rights can con... BMC International Health and Human Rights journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1190789 Thu, 31 Jan 2008 05:00:00 +0100 1190789 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1149093&cid=s_31002_46_f&fid=31002&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.biomedcentral.com%2F1472-698X%2F8%2F1 Background: Smoking is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality globally. There is therefore need to identify relevant factors associated with smoking among adolescents in order to better tailor public health interventions aimed at preventing smoking. Methods: We used data from the Global Youth Tobacco Survey (GYTS) conducted in 2003 in Punjab, India. There were 2014 adolescents of whom 58.9% were males. We conducted a weighted logistic regression analysis, adjusting for age and sex, to determine associations between predictor variables and current cigarette smoking status. Results: A total of 2014 adolescents participated in the survey in 2003, and of these 58.9% were males. Male respondents tended to be older than females (21.2% of males, and 13.1% of females were of age 16 years or a... BMC International Health and Human Rights journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1149093 Mon, 14 Jan 2008 05:00:00 +0100 1149093 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1106814&cid=s_31002_46_f&fid=31002&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.biomedcentral.com%2F1472-698X%2F7%2F9 Conclusions: The inconsistent progress in the health and well being of Indigenous populations over time, and relative to non-Indigenous populations, points to the need for further efforts to improve the social, economic, and physical health of Indigenous peoples. (Source: BMC International Health and Human Rights) BMC International Health and Human Rights journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1106814 Thu, 20 Dec 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1106814 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=938174&cid=s_31002_46_f&fid=31002&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.biomedcentral.com%2F1472-698X%2F7%2F8 Conclusions: Young people in Mauritius are at risk of a future HIV epidemic because behaviors predisposing to HIV infection are prevalent among sexually experienced youth. A focused prevention program targeting young people should be reinforced as part of the National AIDS Control Program, taking into account the predictors of sexual behaviors identified here. (Source: BMC International Health and Human Rights) BMC International Health and Human Rights journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=938174 Fri, 05 Oct 2007 04:00:00 +0100 938174 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=826942&cid=s_31002_46_f&fid=31002&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.biomedcentral.com%2F1472-698X%2F7%2F7 Achieving sustainable economic and social growth through advances in health is crucial in Latin America within the framework of the United Nations Millennium Development Goals. Health-related goals need to incorporate a multidimensional approach addressing the specific epidemiologic profile for each region of the globe. In this regard, addressing the cycle of destitution and suffering associated with infection with Trypanosoma cruzi, the causal agent of Chagas disease of American trypanosomiasis, will play a key role to enable the most impoverished populations in Latin America the opportunity to achieve their full potential. Most cases of Chagas disease occur among forgotten populations because these diseases persist exclusively in the poorest and the most marginalized communities in Latin... BMC International Health and Human Rights journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=826942 Tue, 28 Aug 2007 04:00:00 +0100 826942 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=775885&cid=s_31002_46_f&fid=31002&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.biomedcentral.com%2F1472-698X%2F7%2F6 Conclusion: Alcohol use is associated with having multiple concurrent non-spousal sexual partnerships among married men in Cameroon. We cannot infer a causal relationship between alcohol abuse and unsafe sex from this cross-sectional study, as both alcohol use and unsafe sexual behaviour may have a common set of causal personal and social factors. However, given the consistency with results of studies in other settings and the biologic plausibility of the link between alcohol intake and unsafe sex, our findings underscore the need for integrating alcohol abuse and HIV prevention efforts in Cameroon and other African countries with similar social profiles. (Source: BMC International Health and Human Rights) BMC International Health and Human Rights journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=775885 Fri, 03 Aug 2007 04:00:00 +0100 775885 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=667547&cid=s_31002_46_f&fid=31002&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.biomedcentral.com%2F1472-698X%2F7%2F5 Conclusions: Public awareness and approval of RHT was very high. The high rate of RHT has contributed to the overall high rate of HIV testing. The government's programme to increase HIV testing and uptake of ART is apparently working well. However, turning the tide of the epidemic will also require further concerted efforts to reduce the rate of new HIV infections. (Source: BMC International Health and Human Rights) BMC International Health and Human Rights journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=667547 Fri, 08 Jun 2007 04:00:00 +0100 667547 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=646926&cid=s_31002_46_f&fid=31002&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.biomedcentral.com%2F1472-698X%2F7%2F4 Conclusions: The low acceptability of HIV counselling and testing among tuberculosis patients poses a challenge to the scale-up of TB/HIV collaborative efforts. There is a need for alternative counselling and testing strategies. (Source: BMC International Health and Human Rights) BMC International Health and Human Rights journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=646926 Wed, 30 May 2007 04:00:00 +0100 646926 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=478502&cid=s_31002_46_f&fid=31002&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.biomedcentral.com%2F1472-698X%2F7%2F2 DiscussionUnlike what occurs with refugee populations, the formal health sector becomes aware of the health problems of slum populations relatively late in the course of their illnesses. As such, the formal health sector inevitably deals with the severe and end-stage complications of these diseases at a substantially greater cost than what it costs to manage non-slum community populations. Because of the informal nature of slum settlements, and cultural, social, and behavioral factors unique to the slum populations, little is known about the spectrum, burden, and determinants of illnesses in these communities that give rise to these complications, especially of those diseases that are chronic but preventable. In this article, we discuss observations made in one slum community of 58,000 peo... BMC International Health and Human Rights journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=478502 Wed, 07 Mar 2007 05:00:00 +0100 478502 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=192950&cid=s_31002_46_f&fid=31002&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.biomedcentral.com%2F1472-698X%2F6%2F12 Conclusions: The findings are discussed with reference to the growing interest in structural factors as an explanation for population health outcomes, and the relatively weak relationship between governance and HIV prevalence. (Source: BMC International Health and Human Rights) BMC International Health and Human Rights journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=192950 Fri, 15 Sep 2006 06:00:00 +0100 192950 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=187427&cid=s_31002_46_f&fid=31002&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.biomedcentral.com%2F1472-698X%2F6%2F11 Conclusion: Wealthy men in Cameroon are more likely to start sexual activity early and have both multiple concurrent and lifetime sex partners, and are less likely to (consistently) use a condom in sex with a non-spousal non-cohabiting partner. These unsafe sexual behaviours may explain the higher HIV prevalence among wealthier men in the country. While these findings do not suggest a redirection of HIV prevention efforts from the poor to the wealthy, they do call for efforts to ensure that HIV prevention messages get across all strata of society. (Source: BMC International Health and Human Rights) BMC International Health and Human Rights journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=187427 Mon, 11 Sep 2006 06:00:00 +0100 187427 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=161667&cid=s_31002_46_f&fid=31002&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.biomedcentral.com%2F1472-698X%2F6%2F9 Conclusion: The PAR was well accepted by most clinicians and greatly improved documentation of features recommended by IMCI for identifying and classifying severity of common diseases. The PAR could provide a useful platform for implementing standard referral care treatment guidelines. (Source: BMC International Health and Human Rights) BMC International Health and Human Rights journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=161667 Thu, 20 Jul 2006 06:00:00 +0100 161667 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=125668&cid=s_31002_46_f&fid=31002&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.biomedcentral.com%2F1472-698X%2F6%2F9 Conclusion: The PAR was well accepted by most clinicians and greatly improved documentation of features recommended by IMCI for identifying and classifying severity of common diseases. The PAR could provide a useful platform for implementing standard referral care treatment guidelines. (Source: BMC International Health and Human Rights) BMC International Health and Human Rights journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=125668 Thu, 20 Jul 2006 06:00:00 +0100 125668 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=21478&cid=s_31002_46_f&fid=31002&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.biomedcentral.com%2F1472-698X%2F6%2F6 Conclusions: The major barriers to PMTCT implementation were unavailability of PMTCT services, particularly in rural clinics, and poor antenatal counselling and HIV testing services. We recommend that the focus of the prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV programme should shift to the district and sub-district levels, strengthen community mobilization, improve the quality of antenatal voluntary counselling and HIV testing services, use professional and peer counsellors to augment HIV counselling, and ensure follow-up care and support for HIV positive women and their infants. (Source: BMC International Health and Human Rights) BMC International Health and Human Rights journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=21478 Wed, 03 May 2006 06:00:00 +0100 21478 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=21479&cid=s_31002_46_f&fid=31002&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.biomedcentral.com%2F1472-698X%2F6%2F5 Conclusions: These data highlight that women struggling with illiteracy, lower social status, and less economic opportunities are especially vulnerable to being infected by HIV, as sex work may be one of the few options available to them to earn money. Recommendations for actions are made for long-term impact on reducing the numbers of women being infected by HIV in addition to the current HIV prevention efforts in India. (Source: BMC International Health and Human Rights) BMC International Health and Human Rights journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=21479 Fri, 14 Apr 2006 06:00:00 +0100 21479 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=21480&cid=s_31002_46_f&fid=31002&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.biomedcentral.com%2F1472-698X%2F6%2F4 DiscussionIn exploring the relationship of the human rights and health situation in Bangladesh, it is argued, in this paper, that the constitution and major policy documents of the Bangladesh government have recognized the health rights and development. Bangladesh has ratified most of the international treaties and covenants including ICCPR, ICESCR; and a signatory of international declarations including Alma-Ata, ICPD, Beijing declarations, and Millennium Development Goals. However the implementation of government policies and plans in the development of health institutions, human resources, accessibility and availability, resource distribution, rural-urban disparity, the male-female gap has put the health system in a dismal state. Neither the right to health nor the right to development ... BMC International Health and Human Rights journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=21480 Wed, 12 Apr 2006 06:00:00 +0100 21480 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=21481&cid=s_31002_46_f&fid=31002&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.biomedcentral.com%2F1472-698X%2F6%2F3 Conclusion: A high percentage of Salvadoran adolescents in this sample engaged in health risk behaviors, warranting enhanced adolescent health promotion strategies. Future health promotion efforts should target: the young age of sexual intercourse as well as low condom use among students, the higher prevalence of risk behaviors among urban students, and the important gender differences in risk behaviors, including the higher prevalence of reported feelings of sadness, suicidal ideation and forced sexual intercourse among females and higher sexual intercourse and substance use among males. Relevance of findings within the Salvadoran and the cross-national context and implications for health promotion efforts are discussed. (Source: BMC International Health and Human Rights) BMC International Health and Human Rights journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=21481 Tue, 11 Apr 2006 06:00:00 +0100 21481 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=21482&cid=s_31002_46_f&fid=31002&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.biomedcentral.com%2F1472-698X%2F6%2F2 Conclusion: The HBM has high referral compliance and extends primary health care to the communities by maintaining linkages with formal health services. Referral non-completion was not a major issue but failure to recognise pneumonia symptoms and delays in referral care access for respiratory illnesses may pose hazards for children with acute respiratory infections. Extending HBM to also include pneumonia may increase prompt and effective care of the sick child in sub-Saharan Africa. (Source: BMC International Health and Human Rights) BMC International Health and Human Rights journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=21482 Thu, 16 Mar 2006 07:00:00 +0100 21482 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=21483&cid=s_31002_46_f&fid=31002&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.biomedcentral.com%2F1472-698X%2F6%2F1 Conclusion: This poses a lot of challenges to policy makers in the developing nations where women's education and earning capacity is low. There is therefore a need to increase the number of women benefiting from micro credit. This will ensure that more women are engaged in a form of occupation that is profitable and can sustain the economic and health needs of the family. (Source: BMC International Health and Human Rights) BMC International Health and Human Rights journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=21483 Fri, 20 Jan 2006 07:00:00 +0100 21483 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=21484&cid=s_31002_46_f&fid=31002&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.biomedcentral.com%2F1472-698X%2F5%2F7 Conclusion: Our review indicates that the prevalence of serious mental health disorders within this population is elevated. The reported incidence of torture and imprisonment is a possible contributor to the illnesses. Non-government organizations and international communities should be aware of the human rights abuses being levied upon this vulnerable population and the mental health outcomes that may be associated with it. (Source: BMC International Health and Human Rights) BMC International Health and Human Rights journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=21484 Wed, 09 Nov 2005 07:00:00 +0100 21484 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=21485&cid=s_31002_46_f&fid=31002&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.biomedcentral.com%2F1472-698X%2F5%2F6 Conclusion: Our review indicates that the issues addressed and validity of the media reports of these trials is highly variable. Given the potential impact of the media in formulation of health policy related to HIV, efforts are needed to effectively engage the media during periods of controversy in the HIV/AIDS epidemic. (Source: BMC International Health and Human Rights) BMC International Health and Human Rights journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=21485 Wed, 24 Aug 2005 06:00:00 +0100 21485 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=21486&cid=s_31002_46_f&fid=31002&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.biomedcentral.com%2F1472-698X%2F5%2F5 Conclusion: Revision of drug system in term of implementation of the processes to achieve NDP's objectives is necessary to save public health. Clarification of NDP's objectives and their impact for IDSC's members will result in improvement of the equity in access to pharmaceuticals. (Source: BMC International Health and Human Rights) BMC International Health and Human Rights journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=21486 Tue, 10 May 2005 06:00:00 +0100 21486 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=21487&cid=s_31002_46_f&fid=31002&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.biomedcentral.com%2F1472-698X%2F5%2F4 Conclusion: HIV prevalence is significantly associated with poor governance. International public health programs need to address societal structures in order to create strong foundations upon which effective healthcare interventions can be implemented. (Source: BMC International Health and Human Rights) BMC International Health and Human Rights journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=21487 Mon, 25 Apr 2005 06:00:00 +0100 21487