MedWorm.com provides a medical RSS filtering service. Over 6000 RSS medical sources are combined and output via different filters. This feed contains the latest items from the 'Biogerontology' source. Wed, 08 Feb 2012 16:54:22 +0100 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5626492&cid=s_37593_18_f&fid=37593&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22270335%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Snell TW, Fields AM, Johnston RK Abstract Animal cells are protected from oxidative damage by an antioxidant network operating as a coordinated system, with strong synergistic interactions. Lifespan studies with whole animals are expensive and laborious, so there has been little investigation of which antioxidant interactions might be useful for life extension. Animals in the phylum Rotifera are particularly promising models for aging studies because they are small (0.1-1 mm), have short, two-week lifespan, display typical patterns of animal aging, and have well characterized, easy to measure phenotypes of aging and senescence. One class of interventions that has consistently produced significant rotifer life extension is antioxidants. Although the mechanism of antioxidan... Biogerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5626492 Tue, 24 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5626492 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5626491&cid=s_37593_18_f&fid=37593&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22270336%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Gomez CR, Knutson GJ, Clifton KB, Schreiber CA, Vuk-Pavlović S Abstract Consequences of age on the effects of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) on bone marrow (BM) derived stem cells and progenitors (SCPs) are largely unknown. We treated 2- and 18-month old C57BL/6 female mice by HBO. Hematopoietic stem cells and progenitors, enumerated as colony-forming units in culture, were doubled only in peripheral leukocytes and BM cells of young mice receiving HBO. In old mice colony-forming unit fibroblast numbers, a measure of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) from BM, were high but unaffected by HBO. To further explore this finding, in BM-MSCs we quantified the transcripts of adipocyte early-differentiation genes peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ, CCAAT/enhancer binding protein... Biogerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5626491 Tue, 24 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5626491 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5626490&cid=s_37593_18_f&fid=37593&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22270337%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Calabrese EJ, Iavicoli I, Calabrese V Abstract This paper offers a broad assessment of the hormetic dose response and its relevance to biogerontology. The paper provides detailed background information on the historical foundations of hormesis, its quantitative features, mechanistic foundations, as well as how the hormesis concept could be further applied in the development of new therapeutic advances in the treatment of age-related diseases. The concept of hormesis has direct application to biogerontology not only affecting the quality of the aging process but also experimental attempts to extend longevity. PMID: 22270337 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Biogerontology) Biogerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5626490 Tue, 24 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5626490 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5538473&cid=s_37593_18_f&fid=37593&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22179795%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, we investigated the levels of protein carbonyl groups (PCO), various thiol fractions such as total thiol groups (T-SH), protein (P-SH) and non-protein thiol groups (NP-SH), lipid oxidation parameters such as lipid hydroperoxides (LHP) and malondialdehyde (MDA), SA and 8-hydroxy-2'deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) parameters for comparison of naturally aged, induced aged and young rats. In D: -galactose induced aged group, PCO, LHP, MDA, and 8-OHdG concentrations were significantly higher than young control group, whereas T-SH, P-SH levels were significantly lower than the young rats. In addition, NP-SH and SA concentrations were similar between the mimetic ageing and young control groups. In naturally ageing rats, PCO and MDA levels were significantly higher, whereas T-SH, P-SH, NP-SH... Biogerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5538473 Sun, 18 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5538473 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5516072&cid=s_37593_18_f&fid=37593&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22143822%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Rastogi M, Ojha RP, Prabu PC, Devi BP, Agrawal A, Dubey GP Abstract Bacopa monnieri (L.), popularly known as Brahmi, is a revered Ayurvedic medicinal plant used as nerve tonic since time immemorial. The present study aims to investigate the neuroprotective effect of bacosides, the active saponins of Bacopa monnieri (L.) against age associated neurodegeneration and its impact over the prevention of Senile Dementia of Alzheimer's Type (SDAT). The optimum dose of bacosides with no adverse effect was selected by screening its dose dependant activity on ageing biomarker lipofuscin and SDAT biomarker neurotransmitter acetylcholine in the aged female Wistar rat brain. The selected therapeutic dose of bacosides (200 mg/kg) was orally administered for 3 months in middle aged and ... Biogerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5516072 Tue, 06 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5516072 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5516071&cid=s_37593_18_f&fid=37593&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22143823%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Ivanković M, Cukušić Kalajžić A, Skrobot Vidaček N, Franić Šimić I, Davidović Mrsić S, Rubelj I Abstract Telomeres are specialized structures designed to protect the ends of linear chromosomes. They are dynamic structures such that in normal somatic cells they constantly shorten as cell division progresses. There is compelling evidence that telomere shortening leads to cell senescence, a process perceived as the main cause of aging in higher mammals. Therefore, the features of telomere shortening are of great importance in understanding cell senescence and aging in general. By identifying unique subtelomeric regions, large enough to produce strong chemiluminescent signals, we have provided a new tool for Southern blot analysis of individual human Xp/Yp telomeres... Biogerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5516071 Tue, 06 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5516071 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5516070&cid=s_37593_18_f&fid=37593&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22143824%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Bortolatto CF, Wilhelm EA, Chagas PM, Nogueira CW Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the protective effects of p-chloro-diphenyl diselenide (p-ClPhSe)(2) on depressant-like action and cognitive impairment caused by aging in male rats. For this purpose, old rats were orally treated with (p-ClPhSe)(2) (10 or 25 mg/kg) for seven days. Then, rats were tested in experimental models of ambulation, memory and depression. In addition, Na(+) K(+) ATPase activity and reactive species (RS) levels were measured in rat cortex and hippocampus. Our findings demonstrated that treatment of old rats with (p-ClPhSe)(2) (10 and 25 mg/kg) reversed spatial memory deficit in the object location test and depressant-like action in the forced swimming test (FST) caused by aging. Reduc... Biogerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5516070 Tue, 06 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5516070 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5446495&cid=s_37593_18_f&fid=37593&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22102004%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Onyema OO, Njemini R, Bautmans I, Renmans W, De Waele M, Mets T Abstract CD28-, CD57+ and KLRG1+ are cell surface markers that have been used to describe senescent T-lymphocytes in humans. However, the relationship among these phenotypes during aging, and their relationship with the concept of in vitro cellular aging have not been well established. Using five-colour flow cytometry, we analyzed peripheral blood T-lymphocytes for their expression of CD28, CD57 and KLRG1 in 11 young (Y) and 11 old (O) apparently healthy human subjects. The proportions of CD28- and CD57+ cells were significantly higher among the T-cell populations of O compared to Y subjects; the proportion of KLRG1+ cells was significantly higher only among CD8+ cells. Populations that were more frequent in t... Biogerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5446495 Sat, 19 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5446495 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5427889&cid=s_37593_18_f&fid=37593&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22057901%26dopt%3DAbstract This study was designed to investigate the effect of aging on the glucose metabolism on cynomolgus (Macaca fascicularis) monkeys. A total of 33 cynomolgus monkeys in three aged groups were monitored for glucose levels, serum parameters in fasting state and somatometric measurements. Intravenous glucose tolerance test (IVGTT) and insulin tolerance test (ITT) were also performed. Aging associated changes lies in the less secretion of insulin and C-peptide during IVGTT in cynomolgus monkeys. It was also found that impaired insulin sensitivity occurred in female monkeys during aging based on HOMA-IR and K(ITT) value. In addition, triglyceride level also rose with the increase of age. Less insulin secretion and impaired insulin sensitivity in female were the characteristic during the aging of c... Biogerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5427889 Sat, 05 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5427889 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5383285&cid=s_37593_18_f&fid=37593&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22048817%26dopt%3DAbstract This study shows that the contribution of fibre death to sarcopenia is highly variable and that there is no consistent pattern of age-related fibre loss between skeletal muscles. PMID: 22048817 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Biogerontology) Biogerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5383285 Thu, 03 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5383285 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5383286&cid=s_37593_18_f&fid=37593&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22042254%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Wensink MJ, van Heemst D, Rozing MP, Westendorp RG Abstract One of the prevailing theories of aging, the disposable soma theory, views aging as the result of the accumulation of damage through imperfect maintenance. Aging, then, is explained from an evolutionary perspective by asserting that this lack of maintenance exists because the required resources are better invested in reproduction. However, the amount of maintenance necessary to prevent aging, 'maintenance requirement' has so far been largely neglected and has certainly not been considered from an evolutionary perspective. To our knowledge we are the first to do so, and arrive at the conclusion that all maintenance requirement needs an evolutionary explanation. Increases in maintenance requirement can only be selec... Biogerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5383286 Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5383286 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5383288&cid=s_37593_18_f&fid=37593&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22033706%26dopt%3DAbstract We examined baicalin-treated kidney tissue from 24-month-old Fischer 344 aged rats (10 or 20 mg/kg/day for 10 days) and baicalin-fed mice (10 mg/kg/day for 3 days) for in vivo investigations, and used endothelial YPEN-1 cells for in vitro studies. In the baicalin-fed aged rats, there was a marked enhancement of both nuclear protein levels and DNA binding activity of PPARγ, and a decreased expression of NF-κB target genes (VCAM-1, IL-1β, and IL-6) compared with non-baicalin-fed aged rats. Furthermore, to confirm the anti-inflammatory action of PPARγ activated by baicalin, we used lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated cells and mice. The results showed that baicalin induced PPARγ-selective activation in YPEN-1 cells, and that the effects of baicalin were blocked by the PPARγ receptor an... Biogerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5383288 Sat, 29 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5383288 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5383287&cid=s_37593_18_f&fid=37593&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22033707%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, we examined age-dependent changes in lipid metabolism in the senescence-accelerated mouse (SAM)P10 fed a high-fat diet to investigate the effects of high-fat intake and aging. Tissue weights and biological parameters in plasma and liver were measured at 6 and 12 months old in SAMP10 mice fed a high-fat diet. These mice showed marked increases in liver triacylglycerol and plasma insulin levels with intake of a high-fat diet intake and aging. Lipid accumulation in hepatocytes and morphological aberrations and hypertrophy in pancreatic islets were also promoted by a high-fat diet and aging. To investigate the underlying mechanisms, the activities and mRNA levels for enzymes associated with lipid metabolism in liver were measured. The results indicated that the lipid metabolic ... Biogerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5383287 Sat, 29 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5383287 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5302008&cid=s_37593_18_f&fid=37593&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21972126%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Kim S, Bi X, Czarny-Ratajczak M, Dai J, Welsh DA, Myers L, Welsch MA, Cherry KE, Arnold J, Poon LW, Jazwinski SM Abstract Leukocyte telomere length is widely considered a biomarker of human age and in many studies indicative of health or disease. We have obtained quantitative estimates of telomere length from blood leukocytes in a population sample, confirming results of previous studies that telomere length significantly decreases with age. Telomere length was also positively associated with several measures of healthy aging, but this relationship was dependent on age. We screened two genes known to be involved in telomere maintenance for association with the age-related decline in telomere length observed in our population to identify candidate longevity-associated genes... Biogerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5302008 Wed, 05 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5302008 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5268378&cid=s_37593_18_f&fid=37593&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21948235%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Vasto S, Candore G, Colonna-Romano G, Caruso C PMID: 21948235 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Biogerontology) Biogerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5268378 Sat, 24 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5268378 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5234931&cid=s_37593_18_f&fid=37593&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21928072%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Schriner SE, Katoozi NS, Pham KQ, Gazarian M, Zarban A, Jafari M Abstract Rosa damascena, or Damask rose, is a rose hybrid commonly harvested for rose oil used in perfumery and for rose water used to flavor food. The petal extract of R. damascena was recently found to decrease Drosophila melanogaster mortality without impairing reproductive fitness or metabolic rate. Here, we report that R. damascena extended both mean and maximum lifespan of the fly. The extract also protected against oxidative stress in flies, predominantly in females. However, it did not alter mitochondrial respiration or content, superoxide production, or the major antioxidant defenses, superoxide dismutase and catalase. The extract increased survival in both sexes when exposed to reduced iron, though ... Biogerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5234931 Sun, 18 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5234931 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5234932&cid=s_37593_18_f&fid=37593&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21918818%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, our data suggest that FII G20210A and/or Leiden FV might be involved as risk factor for arterial disorders in about 5% of old subjects, justifying the opportunity of a genetic screening and an eventual preventive treatment, in particular in old subjects in which other and major risk factors, as hypertension and atherosclerosis, are detected. PMID: 21918818 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Biogerontology) Biogerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5234932 Thu, 15 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5234932 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5180286&cid=s_37593_18_f&fid=37593&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21879286%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Park SH, Kang HJ, Kim HS, Kim MJ, Heo JI, Kim JH, Kho YJ, Kim SC, Kim J, Park JB, Lee JY Abstract Since the detailed comparison of DNA repair activities among mammalian embryonic fibroblast cells with different replicative life spans has not been investigated, we tested DNA repair activities in embryonic fibroblast cells derived from mammals including human, dog, rat, and mouse. The cell viability after treatment of four DNA damage agents appeared to be decreased in the order of human embryonic fibroblasts (HEFs) > dog embryonic fibroblasts (DEFs) > rat embryonic fibroblasts (REFs) > mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) although statistical significance was lacking. The amounts of strand breaks and AP (apurinic/apyrimidinic) sites also appear to be decreased i... Biogerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5180286 Tue, 30 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5180286 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5180285&cid=s_37593_18_f&fid=37593&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21879287%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Buffa S, Bulati M, Pellicanò M, Dunn-Walters DK, Wu YC, Candore G, Vitello S, Caruso C, Colonna-Romano G Abstract Elderly people show a reduced protection against new infections and a decreased response to vaccines as a consequence of impairment of both cellular and humoral immunity. In this paper we have studied memory/naïve B cells in the elderly, evaluating surface immunoglobulin expression, production of the pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin (IL)-10, and presence of somatic hypermutation, focusing on the IgG(+)IgD(-)CD27(-) double negative (DN) B cells that are expanded in the elderly. Our results show that naïve B cells from young donors need a sufficiently strong stimulus to be activated "in vitro", while naïve B... Biogerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5180285 Tue, 30 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5180285 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5180287&cid=s_37593_18_f&fid=37593&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21870149%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Suchiang K, Sharma R Abstract In the present study, the normal endogenous activity level of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) was investigated in cerebral hemispheres and cerebellum of female mice as a function of age. The effects of 24-h fasting and refeeding, and dietary restriction (DR) on AChE activity and its protein expression patterns were also investigated in young (1-month) and old (18-month) mice. Our results show that the activity (U/mg protein) and level of AChE protein in the cerebral hemispheres of young mice is decreased significantly on 24-h fasting which reverses back on refeeding. On the other hand, DR produces an accumulative effect; thereby it decreases the activity of this enzyme in the cerebral hemispheres of both the young and old mice and the degree of re... Biogerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5180287 Thu, 25 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5180287 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5160340&cid=s_37593_18_f&fid=37593&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21866365%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Rattan SI Abstract Ageing is a progressive shrinkage of the homeodynamic space and, at the molecular level, it is associated with the stochastic occurrence and progressive accumulation of molecular damage. Imperfection of the maintenance and repair systems results in the failure of homeodynamics characterized by increased molecular heterogeneity, altered cellular functioning, reduced stress tolerance and reduced remodeling and adaptation, which lead to increased probability of diseases and eventual death. Although, several types of molecular damages have been shown to accumulate and increase molecular heterogeneity during ageing, its relevance and significance with respect to the physiology, survival and longevity remains to be determined. Such studies are essential for es... Biogerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5160340 Wed, 24 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5160340 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5111716&cid=s_37593_18_f&fid=37593&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21826556%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Vida C, Rodríguez-Terés S, Heras V, Corpas I, De la Fuente M, González E Xanthine oxidase (XO) is an important source of oxidant production and plays an essential role in several oxidative stress-related diseases. Aging is associated with a progressive deregulation of homeostasis as a result of a chronic oxidative stress situation. In the present work the age-related changes in XO expression and activity, as well as the activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase have been investigated in liver, kidney and thymus from four different age groups of mice, including long-lived animals. Furthermore, we have evaluated the contribution of the XO to the oxidative stress-associated with aging, in comparison to another enzymatic key source of oxidant generation, the NADPH oxidase... Biogerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5111716 Mon, 08 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5111716 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5111717&cid=s_37593_18_f&fid=37593&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21814818%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Ottaviani E, Ventura N, Mandrioli M, Candela M, Franchini A, Franceschi C An emerging central concept in evolutionary biology suggests that symbiosis is a universal characteristic of living organisms that can help in understanding complex traits and phenotypes. During evolution, an integrative circuitry fundamental for survival has been established between commensal gut microbiota and host. On the basis of recent knowledge in worms, flies, and humans, an important role of the gut microbiota in aging and longevity is emerging. The complex bacterial community that populates the gut and that represents an evolutionary adapted ecosystem correlated with nutrition appears to limit the accumulation of pathobionts and infections in all taxa, being able of affecting the efficiency of t... Biogerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5111717 Wed, 03 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5111717 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5068951&cid=s_37593_18_f&fid=37593&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21786128%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Bird JL, Jennert-Burston KC, Bachler MA, Mason PA, Lowe JE, Heo SJ, Campisi J, Faragher RG, Cox LS WRN is a RecQ helicase with an associated exonuclease activity important in DNA metabolism, including DNA replication, repair and recombination. In humans, deficiencies in WRN function cause the segmental progeroid Werner syndrome (WS), in which patients show premature onset of many hallmarks of normal human ageing. At the cellular level, WRN loss results in rapid replicative senescence, chromosomal instability and sensitivity to various DNA damaging agents including the topoisomerase inhibitor, camptothecin (CPT). Here, we investigate the potential of using either transient or stable WRN knockdown as a means of sensitising cells to CPT. We show that targeting WRN mRNA for degrad... Biogerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5068951 Sat, 23 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5068951 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5068952&cid=s_37593_18_f&fid=37593&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21773717%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Aw D, Palmer DB Regression of the thymus is a key feature of immunosenescence, which coincides with a decrease in T cell output and contributes to the restriction of the T cell repertoire in the elderly, leading to increased susceptibility to illness and disease. However, the mechanisms involved in thymic involution are still not fully known. Although, it is often believed that thymic involution occurs during the onset of puberty, increasing data suggests alterations to the thymus happen much earlier in life. Therefore, the changes in the thymus and subsequent thymic function may not just be an ageing phenomenon. In this article, we propose that there are several, non-linear, phases to thymic atrophy, which are regulated by different mechanisms, including the familiar age-depe... Biogerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5068952 Tue, 19 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5068952 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5068957&cid=s_37593_18_f&fid=37593&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21766224%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Vasto S, Caruso C, Castiglia L, Duro G, Monastero R, Rizzo C Centenarians are the best example of extreme human longevity, and they represent a selected population in which the appearance of major age-related diseases, such as cancer, and cardiovascular diseases among others, has been consistently delayed or escaped. The study of the long-lived individual genetic profile has the purpose to possibly identify the genes and the allelic variations influencing extended life expectancy, hence considering them as biomarkers of age-related diseases onset and development. The present study shows no significant differences between allelic variations of ABO blood groups among a group of centenarians from Western Sicily. PMID: 21766224 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Biog... Biogerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5068957 Fri, 15 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5068957 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5068962&cid=s_37593_18_f&fid=37593&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21755337%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Pamplona R, Barja G Key mechanisms relating oxidative stress to longevity from an interespecies comparative approach are reviewed. Long-lived animal species show low rates of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and oxidative damage at their mitochondria. Comparative physiology also shows that the specific compositional pattern of tissue macromolecules (proteins, lipids and nucleic acids) in long-lived animal species gives them an intrinsically high resistance to modification that likely contributes to their superior longevity. This is obtained in the case of lipids by decreasing the degree of fatty acid unsaturation, and in the case of proteins by lowering their methionine content. These findings are also substantiated from a phylogenomic approach. Nutritional or/and phar... Biogerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5068962 Wed, 13 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5068962 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5018862&cid=s_37593_18_f&fid=37593&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21739188%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Bellantuono I, Sanguinetti G, Keith WN Stem cells are responsible for tissue repair and maintenance and it is assumed that changes observed in the stem cell compartment with age underlie the concomitant decline in tissue function. Studies in murine models have highlighted the importance of intrinsic changes occurring in stem cells with age. They have also drawn the attention to other factors, such as changes in the local or systemic environment as the primary cause of stem cell dysfunction. Whilst knowledge in murine models has been advancing rapidly there has been little translation of these data to human aging. This is most likely due to the difficulties of testing the regenerative capacity of human stem cells in vivo and to substantial differences in the aging phenotype wit... Biogerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5018862 Thu, 07 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5018862 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5018863&cid=s_37593_18_f&fid=37593&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21732041%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Macieira-Coelho A The capacity to regenerate cell compartments through cell proliferation is an important characteristic of many developed metazoan tissues. Pre- and post-natal development proceeds through the modifications occurring during cell division. Experiments with cultivated cells showed that cell proliferation originates changes in cell functions and coordinations that contribute to aging and senescence. The implications of the finite cell proliferation to aging of the organism is not the accumulation of cells at the end of their life cycle, but rather the drift in cell function created by cell division. Comparative gerontology shows that the regulation of the length of telomeres has no implications for aging. On the other hand there are interspecies differences in re... Biogerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5018863 Tue, 05 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5018863 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5018864&cid=s_37593_18_f&fid=37593&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21713398%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Kim JM, Uehara Y, Choi YJ, Ha YM, Ye BH, Yu BP, Chung HY Angiotensin II (Ang II), a main effector of the renin-angiotensin system, is recognized as a pro-inflammatory mediator on age-related vascular inflammation. Ang II is one of the most important oxidative stress inducer, activates the redox-sensitive transcription factor, nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) during aging. Genistein, a major component found in isoflavone, has anti-inflammatory activities that are often associated with its anti-oxidative activity. The purpose of this study is to document molecular mechanism of altered Ang II-related NF-κB activation during aging and inhibitory molecular events by genistein regarding to age-related Ang II-induced NF-κB activation. At present, we utilized young (6 months old), old (... Biogerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5018864 Tue, 28 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5018864 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4971026&cid=s_37593_18_f&fid=37593&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21695491%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Dominguez LJ, Di Bella G, Belvedere M, Barbagallo M Fragility fractures, a major public health concern, are expected to further increase due to aging of the world populations because age remains a cardinal, independent determinant of fracture risk. With aging the balance between bone formation and resorption during the remodeling process becomes negative, with increased resorption and reduced formation. Bisphosphonates (BPs) are widely prescribed anti-resorptive agents that inhibit osteoclasts attachment to bone matrix and enhance osteoclast apoptosis. BPs can be divided into nitrogen-containing (N-BPs) and non-nitrogen-containing BPs (non-N-BPs). Both classes induce apoptosis but they evoke it differently. Several studies have examined the molecular mechanisms underlying BPs'... Biogerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4971026 Tue, 21 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4971026 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4971027&cid=s_37593_18_f&fid=37593&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21667230%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Yanai H, Budovsky A, Tacutu R, Fraifeld VE Wound healing (WH) is a fundamental biological process. Is it associated with a longevity or aging phenotype? In an attempt to answer this question, we compared the established mouse models with genetically modified life span and also an altered rate of WH in the skin. Our analysis showed that the rate of skin WH in advanced ages (but not in the young animals) may be used as a marker for biological age, i.e., to be indicative of the longevity or aging phenotype. The ability to preserve the rate of skin WH up to an old age appears to be associated with a longevity phenotype, whereas a decline in WH-with an aging phenotype. In the young, this relationship is more complex and might even be inversed. While the aging process is likely to c... Biogerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4971027 Sat, 11 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4971027 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4877046&cid=s_37593_18_f&fid=37593&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21604188%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Seppet E, Pääsuke M, Conte M, Capri M, Franceschi C During the last 50-60 years, due to development of medical care and hygienically safe living conditions, the average life span of European citizens has substantially increased, with a rapid growth of the population older than 65 years. This trend places ever-growing medical and economical burden on society, as many of the older subjects suffer from age-related diseases and frailty. Coping with these problems requires not only appropriate medical treatment and social support but also extensive research in many fields of aging-from biology to sociology, with involvement of older people as the research subjects. This work anticipates development and application of ethical standards suited to dynamic advances in aging researc... Biogerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4877046 Sat, 21 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4877046 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4877047&cid=s_37593_18_f&fid=37593&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21604001%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Yang NC, Song TY, Chen MY, Hu ML 2-Deoxy-D: -glucose (2-DG) and dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) have been hypothesized to extend lifespan via mimicking calorie restriction (CR). Activation of sirtuins has been proposed to contribute to life extension of CR by increasing intercellular levels of NAD(+) in several organisms. However, it is unclear whether 2-DG and DHEA may affect intracellular NAD(+) levels and human sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) activities. Here, using human fibroblast Hs68 cells we showed that 2-DG increased intracellular NAD(+) levels in both time- and concentration-dependent manners. 2-DG also dose-dependently increased SIRT1 activities and the lifespan (measured as the cumulated growth curve of population doubling levels) of Hs68 cells. In contrast, DHEA at non-cytotoxic ... Biogerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4877047 Fri, 20 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4877047 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4824136&cid=s_37593_18_f&fid=37593&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21541797%26dopt%3DAbstract This report identified a novel transcriptional regulatory element, the α2M transcription enhancement element (ATEE), within the α2M promoter. This element differentially activates α2M expression in senescent versus young fibroblasts. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays revealed abundant complexes in senescent cell nuclear extracts compared with young cell nuclear extracts. The DNase I footprint revealed the protein-binding core sequence through which the protein binds the ATEE. Mutation within ATEE selectively abolished α2M promoter activity in senescent (but not young) cells. These results indicated the ATEE, as a positive transcription regulatory element, contributes to the up-regulation of α2M during replicative senescence. PMID: 21541797 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (... Biogerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4824136 Tue, 03 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4824136 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4824138&cid=s_37593_18_f&fid=37593&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21512719%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Carnes BA The development of a unified conceptual framework for the field of biogerontology has been impeded by confusing and misleading terminology. Thus, distinctions and definitions are provided for key terms (and their concepts) used in the paper: senescence, lifespan, potential lifespan, essential lifespan, and lifespan regulation. An organismal perspective is then used to examine the relationships between reproduction, lifespan regulation and senescence. The principal conclusions drawn from this examination are: (1) the inevitability of death makes physiological investments in reproduction a higher priority than somatic maintenance, (2) the race between reproduction and death creates a probabilistic window of time (essential lifespan) within which reproduction must occur... Biogerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4824138 Fri, 22 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4824138 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4824137&cid=s_37593_18_f&fid=37593&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21512720%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Nehlin JO, Just M, Rustan AC, Gaster M Adult stem cells are known to have a finite replication potential. Muscle biopsy-derived human satellite cells (SCs) were grown at different passages and differentiated to human myotubes in culture to analyze the functional state of various carbohydrate and lipid metabolic pathways. As the proliferative potential of myoblasts decreased dramatically with passage number, a number of cellular functions were altered: the capacity of myoblasts to fuse and differentiate into myotubes was reduced, and metabolic processes in myotubes such as glucose uptake, glycogen synthesis, glucose oxidation and fatty acid β-oxidation became gradually impaired. Upon insulin stimulation, glucose uptake and glycogen synthesis increased but as the cellular proli... Biogerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4824137 Thu, 21 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4824137 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4824140&cid=s_37593_18_f&fid=37593&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21503725%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Mocchegiani E, Costarelli L, Giacconi R, Piacenza F, Basso A, Malavolta M Ageing is an inevitable biological process associated with gradual and spontaneous biochemical and physiological changes and increased susceptibility to diseases. Nutritional factor, zinc, known to be involved in improving immunity, may remodel some of the age-associated changes, leading to a healthy ageing. "In Vitro" studies involving human lymphocytes exposed to endotoxins, and "in vivo" studies comparing old and young mice fed with low dietary zinc suggest that zinc is important for both innate and adaptive immune efficiency, and more optimal inflammatory/immune response. The intracellular zinc homeostasis is mainly regulated by Metallothioneins (MT), via ion release through the reduction of thiol gr... Biogerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4824140 Mon, 18 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4824140 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4824139&cid=s_37593_18_f&fid=37593&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21503726%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Pietsch K, Saul N, Chakrabarti S, Stürzenbaum SR, Menzel R, Steinberg CE Quercetin, Caffeic- and Rosmarinic acid exposure extend lifespan in Caenorhabditis elegans. This comparative study uncovers basic common and contrasting underlying mechanisms: For all three compounds, life extension was characterized by hormetic dose response curves, but hsp-level expression was variable. Quercetin and Rosmarinic acid both suppressed bacterial growth; however, antibacterial properties were not the dominant reason for life extension. Exposure to Quercetin, Caffeic- and Rosmarinic acid resulted in reduced body size, altered lipid-metabolism and a tendency towards a delay in reproductive timing; however the total number of offspring was not affected. An indirect dietary restriction effect, ... Biogerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4824139 Mon, 18 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4824139 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4824141&cid=s_37593_18_f&fid=37593&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21484243%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Corsi MM, Licastro F, Porcellini E, Dogliotti G, Galliera E, Lamont JL, Innocenzi PJ, Fitzgerald SP Neurodegenerative processes associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD) are accompanied by reactive astrogliosis and microglia activation and a role for chronic inflammation in the brain degeneration of these patients has been suggested. Moreover impaired immune functions in AD brains might also influence the disease's progression. Therefore, it is of interest to further characterized inflammatory molecules in the peripheral blood of patients with AD and its relationship with cognitive decline. A complex picture emerged in this pilot study and IL-8, IFN-gamma, MCP-1 and VEGF levels were increased in AD. Levels of P-selectin and L-selectin were decreased in AD and lowest in AD patie... Biogerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4824141 Mon, 11 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4824141 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4824142&cid=s_37593_18_f&fid=37593&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21479578%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, we find that while clonal animals also commonly age, evolutionary arguments together with empirical evidence suggest that they are likely to be long-lived and stress resistant at the genet level. However, theoretical modeling continues to predict the possibility of immortality, if the contribution from sexual reproduction is low. Future in-depth study of long-lived clones should present an excellent opportunity to discover novel mechanisms for renewal and long-term somatic maintenance and health. PMID: 21479578 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Biogerontology) Biogerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4824142 Fri, 08 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4824142 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4824143&cid=s_37593_18_f&fid=37593&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21461872%26dopt%3DAbstract We describe recent advances on the molecular characterization of this process, its different variants and the multiplicity of functions attributed to them. Autophagic dysfunction has been identified in severe human disorders, many of which worsen with age. We comment on the contribution of an adequate autophagic function to longevity, and the negative impact on health-span of the age-dependent decline in autophagic function. PMID: 21461872 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Biogerontology) Biogerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4824143 Sat, 02 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4824143 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4824144&cid=s_37593_18_f&fid=37593&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21461665%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, we have used a microarray-based approach to perform a novel survey of the changes in gene expression that occur in components of cutaneous elastic fibres as a result of intrinsic ageing. Age-related changes in gene expression were validated at the mRNA and protein levels using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and immunostaining, respectively. The microarray revealed that the majority of elastic fibre network components were unchanged with age. However, three differentially expressed genes were identified: latent TGFβ-binding protein (LTBP)-2 which was up-regulated with age (fold change +1.58, P = 0.041); LTBP3 (fold change -1.67, P = 0.025) and the lysyl oxidase-like enzyme (LOXL1, fold change -1.47, P = 0.008) which were both down-regulated wit... Biogerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4824144 Fri, 01 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4824144 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4666939&cid=s_37593_18_f&fid=37593&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21442277%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Paramanik V, Thakur MK Estrogen mediates its multiple functions in the brain through the recruitment of a number of interacting proteins. In this paper, we report the identification of 160 kD interacting nuclear protein of estrogen receptor (ER)β-transactivation domain (TAD) as amplified in breast cancer 1(AIB1) by pull down assay, immunoblotting, far-western analysis and immunoprecipitation. Further we show the age dependent interaction and expression of AIB1 in the brain of young (6 weeks), adult (25 weeks) and old (70 weeks) AKR strain mice of both sexes. The immunoprecipitation data revealed higher interaction of AIB1 in young than adult and old male mice. In contrast, the interaction was low in young, increased in adult but decreased in old female. However, immunoblo... Biogerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4666939 Sat, 26 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4666939 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4666941&cid=s_37593_18_f&fid=37593&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21424154%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Lewinska A, Macierzynska E, Grzelak A, Bartosz G In mammals, NO(•), a signaling molecule is implicated in the regulation of vasodilation, neurotransmission and immune response. It is believed that NO(•) is a signaling molecule also in unicellular organism like yeast and may be involved in the regulation of apoptosis and sporulation. It has been reported that NO(•) is produced during chronological aging (CA) leading to an increase of the superoxide level, which in turn mediates apoptosis. Since this conclusion was based on indirect measurements of NO(•) by the Griess reaction, the role of NO(•) signaling during CA in the yeast remains uncertain. We investigated this issue more precisely using different genetic and biochemical methodologies. We used cells lacking the f... Biogerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4666941 Sat, 19 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4666941 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4666940&cid=s_37593_18_f&fid=37593&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21424155%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study we analyze the frequencies of Leiden Factor V polymorphism (G1691A), and G20210A of prothrombin (FII) in three cohorts of subjects: patients with Alzheimer's disease (unsuccessful aging), nonagenarians (successful aging) and young healthy controls, to assess whether allelic variants associated to the modification of haemostatic system function, may play a role in the protection or susceptibility to Alzheimer disease, as well as to reach a successful aging. No significant differences were observed in the frequencies of the three groups studied. These results indicate that the presence or absence of the gene variants examined did not influence the achievement of advanced age and are not risk factors for Alzheimer's disease. The state of hypercoagulability and the possession of ... Biogerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4666940 Sat, 19 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4666940 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4606482&cid=s_37593_18_f&fid=37593&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21380847%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Demirovic D, Rattan SI Wound healing becomes impaired in several diseases and during ageing. A commonly used model for the study of wound healing is a scratched monolayer of cells in vitro, which is convenient for the analysis of the cellular and molecular changes occurring during the two phases of wound healing, namely cell migration and cell proliferation. Cell migration, which is the primary event to occur during initial wound healing, is inversely dependent on the number of focal adhesions (FA) that attach cells to the extracellular matrix. Here we report that the number of FA, measured by determining the levels of FA-proteins paxillin and talin, increase with increasing population doubling level of the serially passaged normal adult skin fibroblasts, and that this increas... Biogerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4606482 Sun, 06 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4606482 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4606483&cid=s_37593_18_f&fid=37593&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21380541%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Feltes BC, de Faria Poloni J, Bonatto D One theory that attempts to explain how and why an organism ages is the developmental hypothesis of aging (DevAge), which describes how developmental programming leads to aging in adults. Interestingly, the developmental origins of health and disease hypothesis (DOHaD) asserts that some aging-associated diseases that occur in adults are closely related to development and to conditions in the intrauterine environment. Thus, both aging and aging-associated diseases can be viewed, at least in part, as the result of a developmental program that is activated early in embryogenesis and persists throughout the lifespan of the organism. We would expect this developmental program to be regulated by a set of interacting protein networks that conne... Biogerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4606483 Sat, 05 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4606483 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4606484&cid=s_37593_18_f&fid=37593&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21373890%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Candow DG Sarcopenia, defined as the age-related loss of muscle mass, subsequently has a negative effect on strength, metabolic rate and functionality leading to a reduced quality of life. With the projected increase in life expectancy, the incidence of muscle loss may rise and further drain the health care system, with greater need for hospitalization, treatment, and rehabilitation. Without effective strategies to counteract aging muscle loss, a global health care crisis may be inevitable. Resistance training is well established to increase aging muscle mass and strength. However, muscle and strength loss is still evident in older adults who have maintained resistance training for most of their life, suggesting that other factors such as nutrition may affect aging muscle biol... Biogerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4606484 Fri, 04 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4606484 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4606485&cid=s_37593_18_f&fid=37593&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21369728%26dopt%3DAbstract This article reviews recent links between steroid sex hormones and ageing, with special emphasis on the skin and wound repair. Estrogen, which substantially decreases with advancing age in both males and females, protects against multiple aspects of cellular ageing in rodent models, including oxidative damage, telomere shortening and cellular senescence. Estrogen's effects are particularly pronounced in the skin where cutaneous changes post-menopause are well documented, and can be partially reversed by classical Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT). Our research shows that while chronological ageing has clear effects on skin wound healing, falling estrogen levels are the principle mediator of these effects. Thus, both HRT and topical estrogen replacement substantially accelerate healing in e... Biogerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4606485 Thu, 03 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4606485 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4544574&cid=s_37593_18_f&fid=37593&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21359656%26dopt%3DAbstract This study aims at determining the possible changes in intracellular calcium (Ca (i) (2+) ), plasma membrane calcium ATPase (PMCA) activity and phosphatidylserine (PS) along with glutathione (GSH) level in response to an oxidant challenge in vitro. Erythrocytes were isolated on Percoll and incubated with 2, 2'azobis (2-aminopropane) hydrochloride (AAPH) as well as with vitamin C preceding AAPH incubation. Membrane integrity in terms of hemolysis was negatively related to acetylcholine esterase (AChE) activity with the extent of reduction under OS being higher in the old erythrocyte than in the young. A divergent pattern was seen towards lower PMCA and higher (Ca (i) (2+) ) in the young and old cells. However, the PMCA activity in the stressed young cell was high when pre-treated with vitam... Biogerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4544574 Sat, 26 Feb 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4544574 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4544575&cid=s_37593_18_f&fid=37593&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21347677%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Markaki M, Tavernarakis N Autophagy is a conserved cellular degradation pathway for the breakdown of cytosolic macromolecules and organelles. Constitutive autophagy has a housekeeping role and is essential for survival, development and metabolic regulation. Autophagy is also responsive to stress and can degrade damaged proteins and organelles, oxidized lipids and intracellular pathogens. Defects in the autophagic degradation system are linked to disease pathogenesis and ageing. Different signalling pathways converge on autophagy to regulate lifespan in diverse organisms. We discuss recent findings that provide insight into the cross-talk between this critical regulator of metabolic homeostasis and molecular mechanisms that promote longevity. PMID: 21347677 [PubMed - as sup... Biogerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4544575 Thu, 24 Feb 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4544575 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4544576&cid=s_37593_18_f&fid=37593&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21336965%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Crocco P, Montesanto A, Passarino G, Rose G The reduction of muscle mass in the elderly is widely studied as one of the most important landmark of human aging. This process, which occurs for the decay of the correct energetic and protein metabolism, has important functional consequences on individual functionality but also on metabolic adaptation and immunological response to environmental challenges. Uncoupling Protein 3 (UCP3) gene is expressed in skeletal muscle where it regulates fatty acid metabolism, redox state, and ROS formation. Considering the importance of these processes in aging, we studied two variants of the UCP3 gene in a large, aged (age range 65-105) population of southern Italy verifying if these variants were correlated to hand grip strength, the most relia... Biogerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4544576 Sun, 20 Feb 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4544576 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4356459&cid=s_37593_18_f&fid=37593&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21234801%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Moskalev AA, Plyusnina EN, Shaposhnikov MV The purpose of this work is to investigate the role of cellular stress-resistance mechanisms in the low-dose irradiation effects on Drosophila melanogaster lifespan. In males and females with the wild type Canton-S genotype the chronic low dose irradiation (40 cGy) induced the hormetic effect and radiation adaptive response to acute irradiation (30 Gy). The hormesis and radioadaptive responses were observed in flies with mutations in autophagy genes (atg7, atg8a) but absent in flies with mutations in FOXO, ATM, ATR, and p53 homologues. The hormetic effect was revealed in Sirt2 mutant males but not in females. On the contrary, the females but not males of JNK/+ mutant strain showed adaptive response. The obtained results demonstrate ... Biogerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4356459 Fri, 14 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4356459 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4356455&cid=s_37593_18_f&fid=37593&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21234802%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Kutsal Y, Kabaroglu C, Aslan D In this brief report, aging in biogerontology science perspective has been discussed based on the Turkish literature review with major key recommendations for future studies. Biogerontology in Turkey has focused on general retardation of the aging process giving priority to caloric restriction and oxidative stress mechanisms. The most popular investigation area for the scientists has been the oxidant and anti-oxidant systems in different tissues. However, the Turkish biogerontology science needs more manpower, economical and infrastructural and other resources for the promising studies in the future. PMID: 21234802 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Biogerontology) Biogerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4356455 Fri, 14 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4356455 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4356461&cid=s_37593_18_f&fid=37593&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21197577%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Baeza I, De Castro NM, Arranz L, Fdez-Tresguerres J, De la Fuente M Immunosenescence involves age-associated restructuring changes of innate and adaptative immune functions. We have suggested that these changes of the immune system participate in the rate of ageing through modulating oxi-inflamm-ageing. Thus, age-related changes in the immune system can be biological age markers and predictors of longevity. Gender differences in oxidation status and immune functions have been observed in rats, with males showing higher oxidation and immunosenescence than females of the same age. Oestrogens are sex hormones that actively participate in modulating the mammalian immune function and, therefore, the age-related impairment of the immune response is drastically accelerated in females... Biogerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4356461 Sat, 01 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4356461 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4356464&cid=s_37593_18_f&fid=37593&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21193960%26dopt%3DAbstract We present a novel method for joint analyses of "genetic" (covering individuals for whom both genetic information and mortality/morbidity data are available) and "non-genetic" (covering individuals for whom only mortality/morbidity data were collected) subsamples of longitudinal data. Our simulation studies show substantial increase in the accuracy of estimates in such joint analyses compared to analyses based on genetic subsample alone. Application of this method to analysis of the effect of common apolipoprotein E (APOE) polymorphism on survival using combined genetic and non-genetic subsamples of the Framingham Heart Study original cohort data showed that female, but not male, carriers of the APOE e4 allele have significantly worse survival than non-carriers, whereas empirical analyses ... Biogerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4356464 Fri, 31 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4356464 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4356467&cid=s_37593_18_f&fid=37593&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21191810%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Yang HH, Kim C, Jung B, Kim KS, Kim JR Inflammation is an underlying basis for the molecular alterations that link aging and age-related pathological processes. In a previous study, we found that secretory phospholipase A(2) (sPLA(2)) induced cellular senescence in human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs). To further investigate the association of inflammation with cellular senescence, the effects of PGE(2) on cellular senescence in HDFs were investigated, since PGE(2) is the most abundant prostanoid. PGE(2) treatment induces cellular senescence, as determined by a decrease in cell proliferation and an increase in senescence-associated β-galactosidase staining. Notably, PGE(2) treatment increased the IGFBP5 protein level. While treatment with PGE(2) antagonists repressed PGE(2)-induce... Biogerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4356467 Thu, 30 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4356467 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4356470&cid=s_37593_18_f&fid=37593&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21184177%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Khavinson VK, Rattan SI PMID: 21184177 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Biogerontology) Biogerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4356470 Fri, 24 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4356470 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4286727&cid=s_37593_18_f&fid=37593&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21153705%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Schaffer S, Gruber J, Ng LF, Fong S, Wong YT, Tang SY, Halliwell B Aging is associated with increased vulnerability to chronic, degenerative diseases and death. Strategies for promoting healthspan without necessarily affecting lifespan or aging rate have gained much interest. The mitochondrial free radical theory of aging suggests that mitochondria and, in particular, age-dependent mitochondrial decline play a central role in aging, making compounds that affect mitochondrial function a possible strategy for the modulation of healthspan and possibly the aging rate. Here we tested such a "metabolic tuning" approach in nematodes using the mitochondrial modulator dichloroacetate (DCA). We explored DCA as a proof-of-principle compound to alter mitochondrial parameters in wild-type ... Biogerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4286727 Tue, 14 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4286727 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4286726&cid=s_37593_18_f&fid=37593&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21153917%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Borrás C, Gil P, Viña J Here we give an overview of the past and ongoing research in the biology of ageing in Spain. Some of the main topics being investigated are those related to oxidative stress and aging. One of the main findings is the implication of mitochondria in the age-associated oxidative stress. Nutritional modulation of aging is another topic which has been dealt with, and one of the main findings is that methionine restriction has a role in longevity extension. Regarding to hormones and aging, is important to highlight the role of estrogens in protecting females against oxidative stress, and the health-associated effects of melatonin. Finally, molecular biologists have found new age-associated genes by showing changes in longevity of genetically manipulated mic... Biogerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4286726 Tue, 14 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4286726 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4286725&cid=s_37593_18_f&fid=37593&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21161378%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Strandberg TE, Sipilä S This paper describes current biogerontology research in Finland especially in the universities with professorships in gerontology/geriatrics. If biogerontology is broadly taken to include all research in basic mechanisms of normal ageing as well as age-related diseases, the most prevalent current topics include basic research in genetics, mitochondrial function, musculoskeletal physiology, neurodegenerative and vascular diseases. The research activity of each institute and their international collaboration is briefly described with examples focused on recent publications in the field of biogerontology. PMID: 21161378 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Biogerontology) Biogerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4286725 Tue, 14 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4286725 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4286728&cid=s_37593_18_f&fid=37593&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21153704%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Odetti P, Bergamini E In this paper experimental gerontology in Italy is reviewed on the basis of research developed in Academic and non Academic Centres. There are several groups across Italy working actively on basic science of aging producing high impact papers with a significant contribution to biogerontology. Some distinguished Italian scientist working abroad is also mentioned. Interesting issues on longevity and interventions on aging (including caloric restriction) and on aging brain are quoted. Relevant studies encompass the (glyco-)oxidative stress as direct damage mechanism and main process of theory of aging, other research lines include IGF-1, mitochondria DNA, obesity/sarcopenia and exercise and also an animal model for aging studies is reported. Notwithstanding ... Biogerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4286728 Sun, 12 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4286728 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4286729&cid=s_37593_18_f&fid=37593&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21153055%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Plyusnina EN, Shaposhnikov MV, Moskalev AA The GADD45 protein family plays an important role in stress signaling and participates in the integration of cellular response to environmental and physiological factors. GADD45 proteins are involved in cell cycle control, DNA repair, apoptosis, cell survival and aging, and inflammatory response by complicated protein-protein interactions. In Drosophila melanogaster a single D-GADD45 ortholog (GG1086) has been described. Our data show that overexpression of the D-GADD45 gene in the nervous system leads to a significantly increase of Drosophila lifespan without a decrease in fecundity and locomotor activity. The lifespan extension effect is more pronounced in males than in females, which agrees with the sex-dependent expression of this... Biogerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4286729 Thu, 09 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4286729 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4259574&cid=s_37593_18_f&fid=37593&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21132363%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Le Bourg E A cold stress applied to young flies can have positive effects on longevity, behavioral aging, and resistance to heat and infection. However, the same mild stress, if applied at older ages, i.e. in frailer flies, could be a strong stress with negative effects. Cold stress was applied at various ages (weeks 1-2, 2-3, 3-4, and 4-5) and its effect on longevity and on resistance at 6 weeks of age to heat or fungal infection was observed. In males, the cold stress had positive effects on longevity and resistance to infection, except when applied at the oldest age. No positive effect on longevity or resistance to infection was detected in cold-stressed females, as already observed in previous experiments using a cold stress at young age only. By contrast, cold stress app... Biogerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4259574 Sat, 04 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4259574 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4158872&cid=s_37593_18_f&fid=37593&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21061062%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Dubiley TA, Rushkevich YE, Koshel NM, Voitenko VP, Vaiserman AM The influence of morphine on the life span of Drosophila melanogaster fruit flies has been investigated. Morphine hydrochloride (MH) at concentrations of 0.01, 0.05 and 0.25 mg/ml was added to a medium starting from day 5 or 54 of imaginal life. Supplementation with MH starting from day 5 of imaginal life has resulted in significant increases in the mean life span of males at all concentrations studied. In females, a significant increase in life span compared with control was obtained only for those treated with 0.25 mg/ml MH. In flies with MH feeding from day 54, residual life span was significantly increased in both males and females after treatment with 0.05 mg/ml MH. The present data, together with those... Biogerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4158872 Tue, 09 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4158872 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4141137&cid=s_37593_18_f&fid=37593&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21053075%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Anisimov VN, Khavinson VK, Mikhailova ON The paper presents major steps of gerontology development in Russia. The issues of training in gerontology and geriatrics, institutional infrastructure within the Gerontological Society of the Russian Academy of Sciences and its activities have been considered therein. Some results of Russian researchers obtained during 2005-2010 have been summarized as well. Special attention is given to the prospects of gerontology in Russia. PMID: 21053075 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Biogerontology) Biogerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4141137 Sun, 31 Oct 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4141137 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4109895&cid=s_37593_18_f&fid=37593&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20978937%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Budovsky A, Fraifeld VE, Aronov S Cell polarity is a universal biological phenomenon. While much is known about the establishment and maintenance of cell polarity, its role in aging and age-related diseases remains to be fully addressed. Nonetheless, the exciting findings in the budding yeast indicate that the polar processes are intimately linked to both aging of the mother cell and rejuvenation of the daughter cell. This includes polar segregation of damaged proteins and ERCs due to the septin-based diffusion barrier, asymmetric inheritance of MDR proteins and retrograde protein transport. The principal, still unexplored question is whether the same polar mechanisms work during the asymmetric division of germ and stem cells, allowing their rejuvenation across generations. Fu... Biogerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4109895 Tue, 26 Oct 2010 23:00:00 +0100 4109895 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4109897&cid=s_37593_18_f&fid=37593&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20972622%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Sudhir R, Sukhodub A, Du Q, Jovanović S, Jovanović A Ageing is characterized by decline in physical endurance which has been suggested to be partly due to diminished functional and adaptive reserve capacity of the heart. Ageing is associated with decrease in numbers of sarcolemmal ATP-sensitive K(+) (K(ATP)) channels, but whether this has anything to do with ageing-induced decline in physical endurance is yet to be determined. We have previously shown that the numbers of sarcolemmal K(ATP) channels are controlled by the level of expression of SUR2A, a K(ATP) channel regulatory subunit. Here, we have found that ageing decreases the level of SUR2A mRNA in the heart without affecting expression of pore-forming K(ATP) channel subunits, Kir6.1 and Kir6.2. This effect of ageing wa... Biogerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4109897 Fri, 22 Oct 2010 23:00:00 +0100 4109897 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4109896&cid=s_37593_18_f&fid=37593&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20972623%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Bezrukov VV, Muradian KK, Vaiserman AM Recent biogerontological findings in Ukraine are critically reviewed. It is stressed that cooperation of efforts within and between departments, institutions and countries is an efficient mode of coping with the complex problems of aging. A wide spectrum of aging research was traditionally performed in state-funded institutions throughout the country, focusing primarily on the neuro-humoral regulation, immune system, adaptation, oxidative stress, comparative analysis and life span extension. Mitochondria and associated oxidative stress seem to be a crossroad of "wet" and in silico research traffics aimed underpinning mechanisms of aging and life span extension. For instance, the highest coefficients of determination of the mammalian maxim... Biogerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4109896 Fri, 22 Oct 2010 23:00:00 +0100 4109896 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4053533&cid=s_37593_18_f&fid=37593&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20924673%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Mayot G, Vidal K, Migné C, Breuillé D, Blum S, Obled C, Papet I In the field of frailty, there is an underlying hypothesis that chronic low-grade inflammation contributes to bad outcomes in response to a stressor. The host response to an Escherichia coli infection was assessed in 24 month old male rats exhibiting a chronic low-grade inflammation and in non-inflamed control rats. Mortality, weight loss and sarcopenia were the main outcomes measured. The presence of chronic low-grade inflammation did not affect post-infection mortality, body weight loss and tissue mass decreases. Infection-induced modifications of plasma acute phase proteins concentrations were not higher in low-grade inflamed than non-inflamed rats. Absolute synthesis rates of tissue proteins were independent... Biogerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4053533 Tue, 05 Oct 2010 23:00:00 +0100 4053533 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4017832&cid=s_37593_18_f&fid=37593&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20859685%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Holmerová I, Vanková H, Jurasková B Authors provide results of their review of research in the field of biogerontology. Despite the fact that the term "biogerontology" is not commonly used in Czech scientific practice, there have been many research efforts in this field. Up to present, the Czech research teams have focused on the theoretical and biological models of ageing, its immunological aspects, the risk factors of unsuccessfull human ageing, and also metabolic and nutritional factors. Many research teams are dealing with the mechanisms of the neurodegeneration. The authors conclude that better coordination and systematic funding of research in gerontology is needed because of the actual demographic challenges. PMID: 20859685 [PubMed - as supplied by publishe... Biogerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4017832 Tue, 21 Sep 2010 23:00:00 +0100 4017832 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3991043&cid=s_37593_18_f&fid=37593&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20857196%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Bagh MB, Thakurta IG, Biswas M, Behera P, Chakrabarti S A combination of antioxidants (N-acetyl cysteine, α-lipoic acid, and α-tocopherol) was selected for long term oral supplementation study in rats for protective effects on age-related mitochondrial alterations in the brain. Four groups of rats were chosen: young control (6-7 months); aged rats (22-24 months); aged rats (22-24 months) on daily antioxidant supplementation from 18 month onwards and young rats (6-7 months) on daily antioxidant supplementation from 2 month onwards. The brain mitochondrial functional parameters, status of antioxidant enzymes and accumulation of oxidative damage markers were measured in the four groups of rats. A significant decrease in complex IV activity and a loss of tr... Biogerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3991043 Mon, 20 Sep 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3991043 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3892342&cid=s_37593_18_f&fid=37593&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20717725%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Mocchegiani E, Corsonello A, Lattanzio F PMID: 20717725 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Biogerontology) Biogerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3892342 Tue, 17 Aug 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3892342 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3876482&cid=s_37593_18_f&fid=37593&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20711813%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Sarup P, Loeschcke V Hormesis, the beneficial effect of a mild stress, has been proposed as a means to prolong the period of healthy ageing as it can increase the average lifespan of a cohort. However, if we want to use hormesis therapeutically it is important that the treatment is beneficial on the individual level and not just on average at the population level. Long lived lines have been shown not to benefit from a, in other lines, hormesis inducing heat treatment in Drosophila melanogaster, D. buzzatii and mice. Also in many experiments hormesis has been reported to occur in one sex only, usually males but not in females. Here we investigated the interaction between the hormetic response and genetic background, sex and duration of a mild heat stress in D. melanogaster, usi... Biogerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3876482 Sat, 14 Aug 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3876482 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3858685&cid=s_37593_18_f&fid=37593&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20697813%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Landi F, Abbatecola AM, Provinciali M, Corsonello A, Bustacchini S, Manigrasso L, Cherubini A, Bernabei R, Lattanzio F Frailty is a common condition in older persons and has been described as a geriatric syndrome resulting from age-related cumulative declines across multiple physiologic systems, with impaired homeostatic reserve and a reduced capacity of the organism to resist stress. Therefore, frailty is considered as a state of high vulnerability for adverse health outcomes, such as disability, falls, hospitalization, institutionalization, and mortality. Regular physical activity has been shown to protect against diverse components of the frailty syndrome in men and women of all ages and frailty is not a contra-indication to physical activity, rather it may be one of the mo... Biogerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3858685 Mon, 09 Aug 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3858685 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3828177&cid=s_37593_18_f&fid=37593&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20683658%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Evans WJ, Paolisso G, Abbatecola AM, Corsonello A, Bustacchini S, Strollo F, Lattanzio F The frailty syndrome is increasingly recognized by geriatricians to identify elders at an extreme risk of adverse health outcomes. The physiological changes that result in frailty are complex and up to now have been extremely difficult to characterize due to the frequent coexistence of acute and chronic illness. Frailty is characterized by an decline in the functional reserve with several alterations in diverse physiological systems, including lower energy metabolism, decreased skeletal muscle mass and quality, altered hormonal and inflammatory functions. This altered network leads to an extreme vulnerability for disease, functional dependency, hospitalization and death. One of the most im... Biogerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3828177 Tue, 03 Aug 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3828177 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3743961&cid=s_37593_18_f&fid=37593&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20617381%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, microarray and quantitative real time-PCR were used to measure genome-wide changes in transcript levels in low-dose irradiated fruit flies that showed enhanced longevity. In response to radiation, approximately 13% of the genome exhibited changes in gene expression, and a number of aging-related genes were significantly regulated. These data were compared with quantitative trait loci affecting life-span to identify candidate genes involved in enhanced longevity induced by low-dose radiation. This genome-wide survey revealed novel information about changes in transcript levels in low-dose irradiated flies and identified 39 new candidate genes for molecular markers of extended longevity induced by ionizing radiation. In addition, this study also suggests a mechanism by which l... Biogerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3743961 Thu, 08 Jul 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3743961 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3737814&cid=s_37593_18_f&fid=37593&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20607402%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Mentis AF, Kararizou E Ageing still remains a conundrum on the cellular and molecular level, while environmental factors and interactions further increase the complexity of the ageing process. On the other hand is cancer, for which 20 years ago, it was proposed by Trichopoulos that it might have intrauterine origin. We herein discuss the idea that parameters such as the influence of insulin-like growth factor (IGF) signalling, of hormones and of the number of stem cells, as well as the effect of foetal and early life nutrition on ageing may also commence in utero and we provide epidemiological and biological data to advocate for this hypothesis. Finally, we analyse the public health implication of this hypothesis based on the World Health Organization (WHO) report that the bur... Biogerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3737814 Mon, 05 Jul 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3737814 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3737815&cid=s_37593_18_f&fid=37593&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20602257%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Passarino G, Rose G, Bellizzi D The impressive performance of the research in biology of mitochondrion has greatly improved our knowledge on the functions of this organelle and highlighted the influence its functioning has on numerous human phenotypes. In particular, many studies have focused on the involvement of mitochondrion function (and dysfunction) in human ageing. To date, the literature in this specific field of mitochondrial biology is so vast that it is often difficult to properly put new data and new findings in the right context. The present paper aims to review the findings of the last few years in order to outline a general framework to understand how mitochondria can affect ageing and how ageing affects mitochondria. PMID: 20602257 [PubMed - as supplied by p... Biogerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3737815 Fri, 02 Jul 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3737815 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3714493&cid=s_37593_18_f&fid=37593&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20582627%26dopt%3DAbstract This article examines the suitability of the parthenogenetic marbled crayfish for research on ageing and longevity. The marbled crayfish is an emerging laboratory model for development, epigenetics and toxicology that produces up to 400 genetically identical siblings per batch. It is easily cultured, has an adult size of 4-9 cm, a generation time of 6-7 months and a life span of 2-3 years. Experimental data and biological peculiarities like isogenicity, direct development, indeterminate growth, high regeneration capacity and negligible senescence suggest that the marbled crayfish is particularly suitable to investigate the dependency of ageing and longevity from non-genetic factors such as stochastic developmental variation, allocation of metabolic resources, damage and repair, caloric res... Biogerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3714493 Sat, 26 Jun 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3714493 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3696339&cid=s_37593_18_f&fid=37593&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20571864%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Hubbard RE, Woodhouse KW Frailty is a term used as a marker of vulnerability, identifying individuals with a diminished capacity to respond to external stressors. Those who are frail are at increased risk of death, institutionalisation and worsening disability. While the associations of frailty with increasing chronological age, female gender, functional dependence and chronic disease are now well described, the aetiology of frailty remains less clearly understood. The growing body of evidence linking inflammation and frailty in older people, an association that seems consistent across different frailty definitions, is therefore of great interest to research gerontologists. However, further studies are needed to establish the exact nature of this relationship. Inflammation may... Biogerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3696339 Tue, 22 Jun 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3696339 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3684553&cid=s_37593_18_f&fid=37593&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20563847%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Baeza I, Fdez-Tresguerres J, Ariznavarreta C, De la Fuente M Ovariectomy constitutes a commonly used model in rats and mice for human menopause. After ovariectomy, an imbalance between oxidant production and antioxidant levels appears in favour of the former, with increased oxidative stress and consequently an acceleration of ageing. In the present work, the levels of reduced glutathione (GSH), a relevant antioxidant, and oxidized glutathione (GSSG), an oxidant compound, as well as lipid peroxidation (through malondialdehyde (MDA) levels), were studied in liver, heart, kidney and spleen homogenates of old (24 months of age) unovariectomized and ovariectomized female Wistar rats. The results showed a significant increase of the GSSG/GSH ratio, a marker of oxidative stress, and ... Biogerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3684553 Sat, 19 Jun 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3684553 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3684554&cid=s_37593_18_f&fid=37593&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20559726%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Fulop T, Larbi A, Witkowski JM, McElhaney J, Loeb M, Mitnitski A, Pawelec G The concept of frailty as a medically distinct syndrome has evolved based on the clinical experience of geriatricians and is clinically well recognizable. Frailty is a nonspecific state of vulnerability, which reflects multisystem physiological change. These changes underlying frailty do not always achieve disease status, so some people, usually very elderly, are frail without a specific life threatening illness. Current thinking is that not only physical but also psychological, cognitive and social factors contribute to this syndrome and need to be taken into account in its definition and treatment. Together, these signs and symptoms seem to reflect a reduced functional reserve and consequent decrease... Biogerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3684554 Thu, 17 Jun 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3684554 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3684558&cid=s_37593_18_f&fid=37593&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20549351%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Corsonello A, Garasto S, Abbatecola AM, Rose G, Passarino G, Mazzei B, Pranno L, Guffanti EE, Bustacchini S, Lattanzio F The role of inflammation in the pathophysiology of chronic age-related diseases is increasingly recognized, and inflammation could represent the common pathway linking diseases and disability. Thus, targeting inflammation could represent a useful strategy at preventing or delaying functional decline. In this paper we review recent evidence suggesting that selected drugs, such as statins, fibrates, angiotensin converting enzyme-inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers, and physical exercise may be able to contrast functional decline by blunting inflammation. Results from randomized trials investigating the effects of physical activity programs on inflamma... Biogerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3684558 Mon, 14 Jun 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3684558 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3684557&cid=s_37593_18_f&fid=37593&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20549352%26dopt%3DAbstract Longevity mutants do not establish any "new science" of ageing. Biogerontology. 2010 Jun 15; Authors: Holliday R, Rattan SI The biological reasons for ageing are now well known, so it is no longer an unsolved problem in biology. Furthermore, there is only one science of ageing, which is continually advancing. The significance and importance of the mutations that lengthen the lifespan of invertebrates can be assessed only in relationship to previous well-established studies of ageing. The mutant strains of model organisms that increase longevity have altered nutrient signalling pathways similar to the effects of dietary restriction, and so it is likely that there is a shift in the trade-off between reproduction and maintenance of the soma. To believe that the isolation and chara... Biogerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3684557 Mon, 14 Jun 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3684557 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3684556&cid=s_37593_18_f&fid=37593&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20549353%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Candore G, Caruso C, Colonna-Romano G Ageing is an inexorable intrinsic process that affects all cells, tissues, organs and individuals. Due to a diminished homeostasis and increased organism frailty, ageing causes a reduction of the response to environmental stimuli and, in general, is associated to an increased predisposition to illness and death. Actually, it is characterized by a state of reduced ability to maintain health and general homeodynamics of the organism. A large part of the ageing phenotype is explained by an imbalance between inflammatory and anti-inflammatory networks, which results in the low grade chronic pro-inflammatory status of ageing, "inflamm-ageing". It is strictly linked to immunosenescence, and on the whole they are the major contributory factors to... Biogerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3684556 Sat, 12 Jun 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3684556 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3684555&cid=s_37593_18_f&fid=37593&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20549354%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Globerson A, Reznick AZ Studies on biogerontology in Israel are reviewed in relation to the academic and medical research setup, as well as to a variety of gerontological bodies that contribute to promotion of the research. Studies on the biology of aging are outlined with a view also on the relevance and possible applications to medicine. The various topics encompass longevity-associated genes, effects of calorie restriction, including studies on the experimental model of the alpha-MUPA mutant mouse, as well as basic issues regarding the central nervous system and skeletal tissues. Attention is paid also to stem cell biology as related to tissue repair in a variety of systems, and experiments performed on plants. Finally, a new insight into the theories on aging is viewed, as... Biogerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3684555 Fri, 11 Jun 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3684555 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3618564&cid=s_37593_18_f&fid=37593&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20512413%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Alva-Medina J, Dent MA, Aranda-Anzaldo A In the mammalian liver the quiescent primary hepatocytes preserve a proliferating potential in vivo, yet natural aging correlates with loss of proliferating potential and progression towards terminal differentiation of the hepatocytes. Thus aged, terminally-differentiated hepatocytes may survive in a de facto post-mitotic state, similarly to early post-mitotic cells, like neurons, suggesting that there might be a common factor linking both cellular states. In the interphase of metazoan cells the nuclear DNA is organized in supercoiled loops anchored to a proteinaceous substructure known as the nuclear matrix (NM). The DNA-NM interactions define a higher-order structure in the cell nucleus (NHOS). Natural aging of the rat liver correlate... Biogerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3618564 Sat, 29 May 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3618564 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3604023&cid=s_37593_18_f&fid=37593&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20495957%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: de Groot CP, van Staveren WA The ageing process is-apart from chance or good luck-not only influenced by factors intrinsic to the individual, but also by extrinsic factors that include environmental and lifestyle variables. This paper deals with the epidemiological evidence for the role of dietary patterns and key nutritional concerns in relation to survival and ageing related disorders that present themselves in later life. Dietary patterns, such as the Mediterranean diet, characterized by mainly plant foods including protective factors e.g. vegetables, nuts and monounsaturated fatty acids and excluding harmful factors e.g. trans-fatty acids and foods with a high glycemic factor, appear to be relevant even in old age. Specific nutritional concerns focus on general undernutrit... Biogerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3604023 Thu, 20 May 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3604023 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3586516&cid=s_37593_18_f&fid=37593&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20480236%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Lezhava T, Monaselidze J, Jokhadze T, Kakauridze N, Khodeli N, Rogava M, Bochorishvili T, Gorgoshidze M, Khachidze D, Lomidze E, Tkemaladze J, Chichinadze K, Koridze M, Khukhuneishvili R, Zosidze N, Nagervadze M, Buadze T, Gaiozishvili M Gerontology research carried out in different scientific centers of Georgia follows the basic directions of most work in this field: epidemiology, investigation of the mechanisms of aging, and finding ways to prevent senile pathologies and to prolong life. The genealogy and epidemiology of long-living peaple have been studied in areas with high occurrence of these people by considering the sex ratio and social status of the long-living, the influence of environmental factors, and the development of senile pathologies. According to the centroso... Biogerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3586516 Mon, 17 May 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3586516 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3567106&cid=s_37593_18_f&fid=37593&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20467811%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Marton O, Koltai E, Nyakas C, Bakonyi T, Zenteno-Savin T, Kumagai S, Goto S, Radak Z Aging is associated with a gradual decline in cognitive and motor functions, the result of complex biochemical processes including pre- and posttranslational modifications of proteins. Sirtuins are NAD(+) dependent protein deacetylases. These enzymes modulate the aging process by lysine deacetylation, which alters the activity and stability of proteins. Exercise can increase mean life-span and improve quality of life. Data from our laboratories revealed that 4 weeks of treadmill running improves performance in the Morris Maze test for young (4 months, old) but not old (30 months, old) male rats, and the exercise could not prevent the age-associated loss in muscle strength assessed by a grippin... Biogerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3567106 Thu, 13 May 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3567106 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3551920&cid=s_37593_18_f&fid=37593&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20454929%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Casoli T, Di Stefano G, Balietti M, Solazzi M, Giorgetti B, Fattoretti P Alzheimer's disease is an age-dependent neurodegenerative disorder characterized by loss of neurons, synaptic degeneration, senile plaques and neurofibrillary tangles. Besides these hallmarks, increased accumulation of activated microglia, astrocytes and leukocytes adhering to postcapillary venules are observed in the affected brain areas, suggesting the presence of an ongoing inflammatory process. As neuroinflammation triggers the activation of peripheral immune system, many studies have analyzed circulating inflammatory biomarkers, including basal or stimulated levels of cytokines and related molecules in blood of Alzheimer's patients, but with conflicting results. Platelets are an important source of a... Biogerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3551920 Sat, 08 May 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3551920 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3551919&cid=s_37593_18_f&fid=37593&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20455022%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Provinciali M, Barucca A, Cardelli M, Marchegiani F, Pierpaoli E Immunosenescence is characterized by a series of changes of immune pathways, including a chronic state of low-grade inflammation. Mounting evidence from experimental and clinical studies suggests that persistent inflammation increases the risk of cancer and the progression of the disease. Cancer vaccination, which came into view in the last years as the most intriguing means of activating an immune response capable of effectively hampering the progression of the preclinical stages of a tumour, has been shown to be less effective in older age than in young adults. Available evidence on the use of inhibitors of inflammation has indicated their potential enhancement of cancer vaccines, suggesting the possibility to ... Biogerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3551919 Sat, 08 May 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3551919 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3534617&cid=s_37593_18_f&fid=37593&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20440559%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Książek K It has long been believed that bacteria, the organisms displaying symmetrical pattern of divisions, cannot age, and thereby constitute essentially immortal creatures. In recent years, the discovery of morphologically (Caulobacter crescentus) and functionally (Escherichia coli) asymmetrical cell fission as well as an observation of cell behavior in the stationary growth phase (Escherichia coli) overthrew, at least partly, the myth of bacterial immortality. In fact, the body of evidence has accumulated that bacteria may also get old similarly as eukaryotic cells and organisms do. In this paper a brief overview of the state-of-art in the field of bacterial aging is discussed, and the major challenges and limitations in these research are delineated. PMID: 2044... Biogerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3534617 Mon, 03 May 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3534617 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3534618&cid=s_37593_18_f&fid=37593&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20437201%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Grillari J, Hackl M, Grillari-Voglauer R The miR-17-92 cluster encoding 6 single mature miRNAs was identified a couple of years ago to contain the first oncogenic miRNAs. Now, one of these 6 miRNAs, miR-19 has been identified as the key responsible for this oncogenic activity. This in turn reduces PTEN levels and in consequence activates the AKT/mTOR pathway that is also prominently involved in modulation of organismal life spans. In contrast, miR-19 and other members of the miR-17-92 cluster are found to be commonly downregulated in several human replicative and organismal aging models. Taken together, these findings suggest that miR-19 and the other members of the miR-17-92 cluster might be important regulators on the cross-roads between aging and cancer. Therefore, we here ... Biogerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3534618 Fri, 30 Apr 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3534618 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3501750&cid=s_37593_18_f&fid=37593&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20411330%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Mocchegiani E, Basso A, Giacconi R, Piacenza F, Costarelli L, Pierpaoli S, Malavolta M The pivotal role played by zinc-gene interaction in affecting the inflammatory response mediated by IL-6 in ageing, successful ageing (nonagenarians) and the most common age-related diseases is now recognized. Contradictory data emerging from association studies of IL-6 polymorphisms with longevity and chronic age-related diseases seem to arise from the interaction of this inflammatory pathway with dietary habits. Similar conclusions are expected to arise from association studies with the frailty syndrome. Some polymorphisms of genes related to vitamin B12 availability have been already found to be associated with frailty suggesting a possible link among diet-gene interaction and frailty in ... Biogerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3501750 Wed, 21 Apr 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3501750 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3487570&cid=s_37593_18_f&fid=37593&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20401693%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusion: The recent work of Serbian investigators suggest some new evidence that aging process influences the hormone signaling, immunological response, cholesterol metabolism and oxidative processes. PMID: 20401693 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Biogerontology) Biogerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3487570 Sat, 17 Apr 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3487570 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3476590&cid=s_37593_18_f&fid=37593&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20390450%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Jylhävä J, Eklund C, Jylhä M, Hervonen A, Hurme M The human immune system, especially the adaptive branch, substantially declines with ageing. Several distinct immunosenescent events have already been described, yet data regarding to age-associated baseline alterations in immune cell function is limited. Therefore, by using the TaqMan Human Immune Arrays we conducted a preliminary gene expression profiling of immune-related genes in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells of young individuals (aged 22-37 years, n = 13) and nonagenarians (n = 12), the latter being part of the Vitality 90+ Study. We also analysed the correlations between significantly regulated genes. The results revealed a significantly decreased expression of CCR7, CD19, CD28, CD40LG, ICOS, IL4, ... Biogerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3476590 Tue, 13 Apr 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3476590 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3410557&cid=s_37593_18_f&fid=37593&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20336370%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Kunjara S, Greenbaum AL, Rademacher TW, McLean P Adipose tissue plays a pivotal role in ageing and longevity; many studies, both human and animal, have focussed on the effects of food limitation. Here we present a new model based on striking differences between two 'normal' inbred strains of albino Wistar rats the Charles River (CR) and Harlan Olac (HO) that have marked differences in age-related accumulation of fat and insulin-stimulated rates of glucose incorporation into lipid in the epididymal fat pads (EFP). The incorporation [U-(14)C]glucose into lipid by adipocytes showed that the CR group had a twofold higher basal rate of lipogenesis and a greater response to insulin in vitro, exceptionally, adipocytes from CR group maintained the high response to insulin to late adul... Biogerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3410557 Thu, 25 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3410557 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3395625&cid=s_37593_18_f&fid=37593&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20306223%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Arranz L, De Castro NM, Baeza I, De la Fuente M The aim of the present study was to determine Toll-like receptor (TLR)-2 and TLR-4 membrane expression on the major peritoneal leukocyte populations throughout the aging process, including subjects that had achieved exceptional longevity. ICR (CD1) female mice of different ages: adult (44 +/- 4 weeks), old (69 +/- 4), very old (92 +/- 4) and extreme long-lived (125 +/- 4), were used. Peritoneal leukocytes were collected, and percentages of CD11b, CD11c, CD3CD4, CD3CD8 and CD19 cells present in the samples were analysed, as well as the expression of TLR-2 and TLR-4 on them, by flow cytometry. The results showed increased TLR expression on CD11b+ cells from animals at very old ages and especially in the extreme long-lived. Old subj... Biogerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3395625 Sat, 20 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3395625 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3383558&cid=s_37593_18_f&fid=37593&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20237955%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Pallardó FV, Lloret A, Lebel M, d'Ischia M, Cogger VC, Le Couteur DG, Gadaleta MN, Castello G, Pagano G Oxidative stress is a phenotypic hallmark in several genetic disorders characterized by cancer predisposition and/or propensity to premature ageing. Here we review the published evidence for the involvement of oxidative stress in the phenotypes of Ataxia-Telangiectasia (A-T), Down Syndrome (DS), Fanconi Anaemia (FA), and Werner Syndrome (WS), from the viewpoint of mitochondrial dysfunction. Mitochondria are recognized as both the cell compartment where energetic metabolism occurs and as the first and most susceptible target of reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation. Thus, a critical evaluation of the basic mechanisms leading to an in vivo pro-oxidant state relies on el... Biogerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3383558 Thu, 18 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3383558 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3350675&cid=s_37593_18_f&fid=37593&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20213321%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Chautard E, Thierry-Mieg N, Ricard-Blum S Biological systems are made up of very large numbers of different components interacting at various scales. Most genes, proteins and other cell components carry out their functions within a complex network of interactions and a single component can affect a wide range of other components. Interactions involved in biological processes have been first characterized individually but this "reductionist" approach suffers from a lack of information about time, space, and context in which the interactions occur in vivo. A global, integrative, approach has been developed for several years, focusing on the building of protein-protein interaction maps or interactomes. These interaction networks are complex systems, where new properties arise. Th... Biogerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3350675 Sun, 07 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3350675 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3332060&cid=s_37593_18_f&fid=37593&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20195756%26dopt%3DAbstract This article describes the work of selected research groups involved in biogerontology in a geographic arrangement. PMID: 20195756 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Biogerontology) Biogerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3332060 Sat, 27 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3332060 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3313060&cid=s_37593_18_f&fid=37593&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20186480%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Tacutu R, Budovsky A, Fraifeld VE Hundreds of genes and miRNAs have been identified as being involved in the determination of longevity, aging patterns and in the development of age-related diseases (ARDs). The interplay between these genes as well as the role of miRNAs in the context of protein-protein interaction networks has as yet been poorly addressed. This work was undertaken in order to integrate the data accumulated in the field, from a network-based perspective. The results are organized in the NetAge database-an online database and network analysis tools for biogerontological research ( http://www.netage-project.org ). The NetAge database contains gene sets and miRNA-regulated PPI networks for longevity, ARDs and aging-associated processes, and also common signatures... Biogerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3313060 Fri, 26 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3313060 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3298841&cid=s_37593_18_f&fid=37593&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20174870%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Napolioni V, Lucarini N Aim of this study was to investigate whether the polymorphic ADA (Adenosine Deaminase, EC 3.5.4.4) gene, which determines the cellular level of adenosine and plays a crucial role in the regulation of the immune system and in the control of metabolic rates, is involved in longevity. 884 unrelated healthy individuals (age range 10-106 years, 400 males and 484 females) from central Italy were studied. ADA genotyping was performed by RFLP-PCR. Frequency distributions were compared using the chi-square test and a three-way contingency table analysis by a log linear model was applied to test independence between the variables. We found that ADA influences human life-span in a sex and age specific way. An increased frequency of ADA*2 carriers was found in male... Biogerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3298841 Sat, 20 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3298841 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3280674&cid=s_37593_18_f&fid=37593&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20157779%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Robert L, Labat-Robert J, Robert AM Gerontological experimentation is and was always strongly influenced by "theories". The early decades of molecular genetics inspired deterministic thinking, based on the "Central Dogma" (DNA --> RNA --> Proteins). With the progress of detailed knowledge of gene-function a much more complicated picture emerged. Regulation of gene-expression turned out to be a highly complicated process. Experimental gerontology produced over the last decades several "paradigms" incompatible with simple genetic determinism. The increasing number of such detailed experimental "facts" revealed the importance of epigenetic factors and of posttranslational modifications in the age-dependent decline of physiological functions. We shall present in this review ... Biogerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3280674 Tue, 16 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3280674 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3232310&cid=s_37593_18_f&fid=37593&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20119717%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, retinal vascular lesions that develop in aged rat retinas have striking similarities to those of diabetic rat retinas. The breakdown of normal vascular architecture with aging appears to have resemblance with the anatomical and histological lesions associated with diabetic retinopathy. PMID: 20119717 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Biogerontology) Biogerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3232310 Sat, 30 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3232310 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3221450&cid=s_37593_18_f&fid=37593&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20111999%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Krøll J The data presented demonstrates a correlation of plasma cortisol levels and receptor sensitivity with mammalian longevity and replicative senescence; observations possibly related to the influence of cortisol on chaperone expression and cancer resistance. The molecular chaperones are essential structural and functional elements of the steroid hormone receptors, and serve to modify the sensitivity of the cortisol receptor. Cushing's syndrome illustrates the harmful effects of sustained high levels of cortisol; thus probably the circadian and stress-induced variations, as well as the hormone levels are important for the homeostatic effects of the steroid hormones in counteracting the age related decline of chaperone response and of possible importance for the evolut... Biogerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3221450 Fri, 29 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3221450 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3190040&cid=s_37593_18_f&fid=37593&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20084458%26dopt%3DAbstract This study implicates the spatiotemporal presence of the phosphorylated kinase in the regulation of mRNA splicing and polyadenylation. This function appears perturbed in senescent cells, accompanied by a distinct pattern of phospho-ATR in the senescent nucleus. PMID: 20084458 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Biogerontology) Biogerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3190040 Tue, 19 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3190040 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3133924&cid=s_37593_18_f&fid=37593&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20039205%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Choi CH, McBride SM, Schoenfeld BP, Liebelt DA, Ferreiro D, Ferrick NJ, Hinchey P, Kollaros M, Rudominer RL, Terlizzi AM, Koenigsberg E, Wang Y, Sumida A, Nguyen HT, Bell AJ, McDonald TV, Jongens TA Fragile X syndrome afflicts 1 in 2,500 individuals and is the leading heritable cause of mental retardation worldwide. The overriding clinical manifestation of this disease is mild to severe cognitive impairment. Age-dependent cognitive decline has been identified in Fragile X patients, although it has not been fully characterized nor examined in animal models. A Drosophila model of this disease has been shown to display phenotypes bearing similarity to Fragile X symptoms. Most notably, we previously identified naive courtship and memory deficits in young adults with this model tha... Biogerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3133924 Tue, 29 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3133924 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3120992&cid=s_37593_18_f&fid=37593&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20033288%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Shavlakadze T, McGeachie J, Grounds MD The ability of very old animals to make new muscle after injury remains controversial. This issue has major implications for the regenerative potential of damaged geriatric human muscle, to age-related loss of muscle mass (sarcopenia) and to the proposed need for muscle stem cell therapy for the aged. To further address issues of inherent myogenic capacity and the role of host systemic factors in new muscle formation, whole muscle grafts were transplanted between geriatric (aged 27-29 months) and young (3 months) C57Bl/6J mice and compared with autografts in geriatric and young mice. Grafts were sampled at 5 and 10 days for histological analysis. Inflammation and formation of new myotubes was strikingly impaired at 5 days in the geriatric... Biogerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3120992 Thu, 24 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3120992 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3045308&cid=s_37593_18_f&fid=37593&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19946747%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Aydın S, Atukeren P, Cakatay U, Uzun H, Altuğ T A shift from redox regulation to oxidative damage is known to contribute organ dysfunction and aging-related disorders. Exposure to reactive oxygen species throughout the life-span increases the incidence of several liver diseases. A redox basis of the loss of antioxidant capacity of aged livers has not been fully elucidated in both genders. In the current study, we investigated the gender-dependent relations between protein carbonyl (PCO), a commonly used marker of protein oxidation and other protein oxidation parameters such as advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP) and total thiol (T-SH). Our study also covered other oxidative stress markers, such as malondialdehyde (MDA), lipid hydroperoxides (LHP), and glutat... Biogerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3045308 Sat, 28 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3045308 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3027441&cid=s_37593_18_f&fid=37593&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19937382%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Ademokun A, Wu YC, Dunn-Walters D Age related changes in the structure and function of the immune system, collectively termed immunosenescence, result in poor responses to infections, increased susceptibility to cancers and increased incidence of autoimmune diseases. The humoral immune response, maintained by the B cell compartment, has a key role in an effective immune system-not only in producing high affinity antibodies that are crucial for vaccination strategies, but in assisting other components of the immune system in their function. Hence an understanding of B cell immunosenescence in particular is vital in designing strategies to combat the effects of age on immune function. Numerous studies have been undertaken using small animal models in order to understand immunose... Biogerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3027441 Wed, 25 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3027441 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2970763&cid=s_37593_18_f&fid=37593&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19894137%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Dani D, Shimokawa I, Komatsu T, Higami Y, Warnken U, Schokraie E, Schnölzer M, Krause F, Sugawa MD, Dencher NA Mitochondria being the major source and target of reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a crucial role during ageing. We analyzed ageing and calorie restriction (CR)-induced changes in abundance of rat liver mitochondrial proteins to understand key aspects behind the age-retarding mechanism of CR. The combination of blue-native (BN) gel system with fluorescence Difference Gel Electrophoresis (DIGE) facilitated an efficient analysis of soluble and membrane proteins, existing as monomers or multi-protein assemblies. Changes in abundance of specific key subunits of respiratory chain complexes I, IV and V, critical for activity and/or assembly of the complexes were iden... Biogerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2970763 Fri, 06 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100 2970763 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2970764&cid=s_37593_18_f&fid=37593&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19890732%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Farrelly C The medical sciences are currently dominated by the "disease-model" approach to health extension, an approach that prioritizes the study of pathological mechanisms with the goal of discovering treatment modalities for specific diseases. This approach has marginalized research on the aging process itself, research that could lead to an intervention that retards aging, thus conferring health dividends that would far exceed what could be expected by eliminating any specific disease of aging. This paper offers a diagnosis of how this sub-optimal approach to health extension arose and some general prescriptions concerning how progress could be made in terms of adopting a more rational approach to health extension. Drawing on empirical findings from psychology and economi... Biogerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2970764 Thu, 05 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100 2970764 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2931569&cid=s_37593_18_f&fid=37593&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19856210%26dopt%3DAbstract About "Origin and evolution of the free radical theory of aging: a brief personal history, 1954-2009" Biogerontology. 2009 Oct 25; Authors: Harman D PMID: 19856210 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Biogerontology) Biogerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2931569 Sun, 25 Oct 2009 00:00:00 +0100 2931569 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2921089&cid=s_37593_18_f&fid=37593&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19844804%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Hayes DP Within the past three to four decades a revolution has occurred in our understanding of vitamin D and its effects. Sundry laboratory and epidemiologic studies have revealed that the active metabolite of vitamin D controls and/or ameliorates various pathologies. As presented here, there is substantive evidence that vitamin D may play a positive and important role in the ageing process. This evidence arises from detailed consideration of various biological mechanisms and processes by which vitamin D operates as well as specific examples of its exerting control/amelioration of various human maladies which contribute to ageing. Arguments are advanced that vitamin D appears to play a major positive role in biogerontology by reducing susceptibility in the elderly to chronic... Biogerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2921089 Tue, 20 Oct 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2921089 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2899452&cid=s_37593_18_f&fid=37593&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19830585%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Anisimov VN, Khavinson VK The review comprises the results of author's long-term investigation in the mechanisms of aging and a role of peptide bioregulators in prevention of age-related pathology. A number of small peptides have been isolated from different organs and tissues and their analogues (di-, tri-, tetrapeptides) were synthesized from the amino acids. It was shown that long-term treatment with some peptide preparations increased mean life span by 20-40%, slow down the age-related changes in the biomarkers of aging and suppressed development of spontaneous and induced by chemical or radiation carcinogens tumorigenesis in rodents. Possible mechanisms of the biological effects of small peptides are discussed in the paper. The results of clinical applications of peptide ... Biogerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2899452 Wed, 14 Oct 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2899452 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2891546&cid=s_37593_18_f&fid=37593&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19823937%26dopt%3DAbstract This study combined a cold pretreatment and removal of live yeast in the same flies, in order to know whether higher favorable effects would be observed with this combination than with each treatment alone. Each treatment had positive effects on climbing activity and their combination had additive effects, thus giving the highest climbing scores in flies subjected to the two treatments and the lowest ones in flies with live yeast and no cold pretreatment. Therefore, combining the two treatments had favorable effects if each of them had favorable effects. When removing live yeast had very deleterious effects, as on resistance to cold, a cold pretreatment was unable to reverse these effects, which was not unexpected. Finally, when removal had no effect or not a tragic negative effect, as on ... Biogerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2891546 Mon, 12 Oct 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2891546 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2891547&cid=s_37593_18_f&fid=37593&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19821050%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Malavolta M, Giacconi R, Piacenza F, Santarelli L, Cipriano C, Costarelli L, Tesei S, Pierpaoli S, Basso A, Galeazzi R, Lattanzio F, Mocchegiani E Associations have been reported between plasma Cu and Zn levels and the incidence of the most important age-related diseases. Previously proposed methods of using plasma Cu/Zn as a predictor of all-cause mortality have been derived from populations in which old and very old subjects were underrepresented. The purpose of this paper is to estimate the usefulness of plasma Cu/Zn as a sensitive biomarker of harmful inflammatory or nutritional changes in the elderly and its incremental prognostic utility as a predictor of all-cause mortality in a functionally independent elderly Italian cohort. The association between plasma Cu/Zn and in... Biogerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2891547 Fri, 09 Oct 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2891547 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2825295&cid=s_37593_18_f&fid=37593&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19774481%26dopt%3DAbstract We report here that in 15 days, 1 and 2 months old rat SCN the mean serotonin level is low and daily serotonin rhythm is just beginning; at 3, 4 and 6 months, serotonin levels and rhythms are robust and at 9, 12, 18 and 24 months mean serotonin levels are low again and rhythm is becoming more disrupted. Previous studies have shown the 5-HT rhythmicity was established by 3 month in rat brain but disintegrated by 6 months of age. As melatonin, an endogenous synchronizer and an antiaging agent, declines with aging, the effects of exogenous melatonin administration on serotonin rhythmicity in SCN in 3, 6, 9 and 24 months old rats were studied to assess effects of aging on responsiveness to melatonin. Our studies indicated an age related loss of sensitivity to melatonin in the restoration of ag... Biogerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2825295 Tue, 22 Sep 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2825295 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2808181&cid=s_37593_18_f&fid=37593&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19757137%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Hallén A PMID: 19757137 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Biogerontology) Biogerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2808181 Mon, 14 Sep 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2808181 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2769156&cid=s_37593_18_f&fid=37593&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19731067%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Forman K, Vara E, García C, Ariznavarreta C, Escames G, Tresguerres JA The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of aging on different parameters related to inflammation, oxidative stress and apoptosis in hearts from two types of male mice models: senescence-accelerated mice (SAM-P8) and senescence-accelerated-resistant (SAM-R1), and the influence of chronic administration of Growth Hormone (GH) on old SAM-P8 mice. Forty male mice were used. Animals were divided into five experimental groups: two 10 month old untreated groups (SAM-P8/SAM-R1), two 2 month old young groups (SAM-P8/SAM-R1) and one 10 month old group (SAM-P8) treated with GH for 30 days. The expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin 1, interleukin 10, heme oxygenases 1 and 2, endoth... Biogerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2769156 Thu, 03 Sep 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2769156 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2738478&cid=s_37593_18_f&fid=37593&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19707884%26dopt%3DAbstract This study examined whether c-myb acts as a survival molecule in aged cells. A previous in vitro ageing model suggested that aged cells have a higher cell capacity for survival after exposure to oxidative stress, which involves blockage of the translocation of Hsp60 from the mitochondria to the cytoplasm followed by SAPK/JNK inactivation, than young cells. In human diploid fibroblasts (HDFs), c-myb expression increased gradually with ageing, and this increase had a significant influence on the cell survival capacity after exposure to oxidative stress. To clarify the role of c-myb in oxidative stress, young cells under 21 passages, which lacked c-myb expression, were transfected with adenovirus-mediated c-myb for express c-myb. These c-myb-over-expressed young cells showed increased cell vi... Biogerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2738478 Wed, 26 Aug 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2738478 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2738479&cid=s_37593_18_f&fid=37593&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19707883%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Polosak J, Roszkowska-Gancarz M, Kurylowicz A, Owczarz M, Dobosz P, Mossakowska M, Szybinska A, Puzianowska-Kuznicka M Aging is associated with progressing genomic instability. The XPD gene encodes a DNA helicase involved in nucleotide excision repair and in transcription. We analyzed the common XPD polymorphisms that were previously shown to affect protein's DNA repair efficiency and to increase the risk of developing various cancers. Analysis was performed in 149 centenarians (mean age 101.1 years old) and in 413 young subjects (mean age 27.1 years old). We showed that the distribution of the Lys751Gln genotypes differed significantly between these groups (P = 0.017). In centenarians, the homozygous genotypes AA and CC were found less frequently than in young controls (29 vs... Biogerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2738479 Tue, 25 Aug 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2738479 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2533247&cid=s_37593_18_f&fid=37593&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19381858%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Baquer NZ, Taha A, Kumar P, McLean P, Cowsik SM, Kale RK, Singh R, Sharma D Close correlations have recently been shown among the late onset complications encountered in diabetes and aging linked to neurobiological disorders. Aging in females and males is considered as the end of natural protection against age related diseases like osteoporosis, coronary heart disease, diabetes, Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease, dementia, cognitive dysfunction and hypernatremia. Beside the sex hormones other hormonal changes are also known to occur during aging and many common problems encountered in the aging process can be related to neuroendocrine phenomena. Diabetes mellitus is associated with moderate cognitive deficits and neurophysiologic and structural changes in the brain, ... Biogerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2533247 Sat, 27 Jun 2009 16:48:26 +0100 2533247 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2533238&cid=s_37593_18_f&fid=37593&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19554468%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Bertrand-Vallery V, Boilan E, Ninane N, Demazy C, Friguet B, Toussaint O, Poumay Y, Debacq-Chainiaux F Skin cancers and extrinsic aging are delayed consequences of cumulative UV radiation insults. Exposure of human keratinocytes to UVB has been previously shown to trigger premature senescence. In order to explore the involvement of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p16(INK-4a) in UVB-induced premature senescence, we developed an original model of repeated sublethal exposures of human keratinocytes deficient in p16(INK-4a). We did not observe any significant increase of senescence-associated beta-galactosidase activity positive cells following UVB exposure in this cell line in contrast to primary keratinocytes, suggesting a role for p16(INK-4a) in UVB-induced senescence. Ho... Biogerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2533238 Tue, 23 Jun 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2533238 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2533237&cid=s_37593_18_f&fid=37593&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19554469%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Savitha B, Joseph B, Peeyush Kumar T, Paulose CS We investigated acetylcholine esterase (AChE) activity, acetylcholine and muscarinic M1, M3 receptors kinetics in the cerebral cortex of young and old streptozotocin induced and insulin treated diabetic rats. The role of muscarinic receptors in intracellular calcium release from pancreatic islets was studied in vitro. Wistar rats of 7 and 90-weeks old were used. All studies were done in cerebral cortex. AChE assay was done by spectrophotometric method. Radioreceptor binding assays were done for Acetylcholine, Muscarinic M1 and M3 receptors using specific ligands. Calcium imaging was done using fluo4-AM in pancreatic cells. Ninety-weeks old control rats showed significantly decreased Vmax and increased Km for AChE compared to 7-w... Biogerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2533237 Tue, 23 Jun 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2533237 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2533239&cid=s_37593_18_f&fid=37593&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19526322%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Zoico E, Di Francesco V, Olioso D, Fratta Pasini AM, Sepe A, Bosello O, Cinti S, Cominacini L, Zamboni M We used an in vitro model to evaluate the effects of cellular aging and inflammation on the gene expression and protein secretion profiles of adipocytes. 3T3-L1 mouse preadipocytes were cultured according to standard conditions and analyzed at different time points both at the basal state and after an acute stimulation with LPS. The mRNA levels of CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein (C/EBP)alpha, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)gamma and S100A1 were maximal during adipocyte differentiation and then significantly decreased. The expression of the GLUT4 and IRS-1 genes peaked during differentiation and then decreased in aged cells. The mRNA levels and secretion of ... Biogerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2533239 Fri, 12 Jun 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2533239 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2533240&cid=s_37593_18_f&fid=37593&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19466577%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Harman D Aging is the progressive accumulation in an organism of diverse, deleterious changes with time that increase the chance of disease and death. The basic chemical process underlying aging was first advanced by the free radical theory of aging (FRTA) in 1954: the reaction of active free radicals, normally produced in the organisms, with cellular constituents initiates the changes associated with aging. The involvement of free radicals in aging is related to their key role in the origin and evolution of life. The initial low acceptance of the FRTA by the scientific community, its slow growth, manifested by meetings and occasional papers based on the theory, prompted this account of the intermittent growth of acceptance of the theory over the past nearly 55 years. PMID... Biogerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2533240 Sat, 23 May 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2533240 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2533241&cid=s_37593_18_f&fid=37593&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19444640%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Baeriswyl S, Diard M, Mosser T, Leroy M, Manière X, Taddei F, Matic I It has been postulated that the presence of parasites causing high extrinsic mortality may trigger an inducible acceleration of the host aging. We tested this hypothesis using isogenic populations of Caenorhabditis elegans nematodes and different Escherichia coli strains. When exposed to pathogenic bacteria, nematodes showed up to fourfold higher mortality rates, reproduced earlier, produced more H(2)O(2), and accumulated more autofluorescence, than when exposed to an innocuous strain. We also observed that mortality increased at a slower rate in old animals, a phenomenon known as mortality deceleration. Mortality deceleration started earlier in populations dying faster, likely as a consequence of lifel... Biogerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2533241 Thu, 14 May 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2533241 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2533242&cid=s_37593_18_f&fid=37593&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19434510%26dopt%3DAbstract This study showed histone methylation patterns in the aged SAMP8 mice brain and provided the experimental evidences for further research on histone PTMs in the aged brain. We hope these results could initiate a platform for the exchange of comprehensive information concerning aging or neurodegenerative disease and help us interpret the change of gene expression and DNA repair ability at epigenetic level. PMID: 19434510 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Biogerontology) Biogerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2533242 Mon, 11 May 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2533242 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2533243&cid=s_37593_18_f&fid=37593&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19430956%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, carnosine treatment was found to be useful in the decrease of age-related oxidative stress in the liver. PMID: 19430956 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Biogerontology) Biogerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2533243 Sat, 09 May 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2533243 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2533244&cid=s_37593_18_f&fid=37593&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19430925%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, we evaluated the interaction between the impacts of lamotrigine on mortality rate, lifespan, metabolic rate and locomotion. It has been proposed in a wide range of animal models that there is an inverse relationship between longevity, metabolic rate, and locomotion. We hypothesized that the survival benefits displayed by this compound would be associated with deleterious effects on health span, such as depression of locomotion. Using Drosophila as our model system, we found that lamotrigine decreased mortality and increased lifespan in parallel with a reduction in locomotor activity and a trend towards metabolic rate depression. Our findings underscore the view that assessing health span is critical in the pursuit of useful anti-aging compounds. PMID: 19430925 [PubMed - ... Biogerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2533244 Fri, 08 May 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2533244 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2533246&cid=s_37593_18_f&fid=37593&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19421890%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Böttner M, Leonhardt S, Wuttke W, Wedel T, Jarry H During reproductive aging female rats enter an anovulatory state of persistent estrus (PE). In an animal model of re-instatement of estrus cyclicity in middle-aged PE rats we injected the animals with progesterone (0.5 mg progesterone/kg body weight) at 12:00 for 4 days whereas control animals received corn oil injections. After the last injection animals were analyzed at 13:00 and 17:00. Young regular cycling rats served as positive controls and were assessed at 13:00 and 17:00 on proestrus. Progesterone treatment of middle-aged PE rats led to occurrence of luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), and prolactin surges in a subset of animals that were denoted as responders. Responding middle-aged rats... Biogerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2533246 Wed, 06 May 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2533246 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2533245&cid=s_37593_18_f&fid=37593&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19421891%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Invidia L, Salvioli S, Altilia S, Pierini M, Panourgia MP, Monti D, De Rango F, Passarino G, Franceschi C In mice a defect of Klotho gene expression results in multiple aging-like phenotypes including short lifespan, osteoporosis and atherosclerosis, while its over-expression suppresses aging and extends lifespan. Contrasting data have been reported as far as the importance of the functional variant of Klotho termed "KL-VS" on human longevity, depending on the average age of the old subjects that were compared with young controls. We therefore performed a study on a large Italian population sample including people from very young to very old age (centenarians). A total of 1,089 (669 women and 420 men) unrelated individuals from 19 to 109 years, born and residing in northern an... Biogerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2533245 Wed, 06 May 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2533245 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2533248&cid=s_37593_18_f&fid=37593&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19370397%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Hashimoto T, Horikawa M, Nomura T, Sakamoto K It is well understood that sir2 (sirtuin), an NAD-dependent deacetylase, is essential for the extension of lifespan under caloric restriction. However, the mechanism underlying activation of sir2 is unclear. Life extension through caloric restriction requires the sir2 ortholog sir-2.1 in nematodes but occurs independently of the forkhead-type transcription factor DAF-16. We aimed here to elucidate the correlation between life extension in nematodes and NAD-dependent activation of sirtuin by analyzing the relationship between NAD and DAF-16. Lifespan was extended when Caenorhabditis elegans were bred using medium containing NAD. An RNA interference experiment revealed that life extension by NAD was sir-2.1 dependent. However, life e... Biogerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2533248 Wed, 15 Apr 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2533248 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2533249&cid=s_37593_18_f&fid=37593&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19350411%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Pun PB, Gruber J, Tang SY, Schaffer S, Ong RL, Fong S, Ng LF, Cheah I, Halliwell B Antioxidants are often investigated as a promising strategy for extending lifespan. Accordingly, there is significant interest in novel antioxidant compounds derived from natural sources such as plant extracts. However, because lifespan studies are laborious and expensive to conduct, candidate compounds are frequently selected based simply on their in vitro antioxidant efficacy, with the implicit assumption that in vitro antioxidants are also in vivo antioxidants, and that in vivo antioxidants will decrease functionally relevant oxidative damage and thereby extend lifespan. We investigated the validity of these assumptions in the model organism, Caenorhabditis elegans. Nematodes were exposed to ... Biogerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2533249 Mon, 06 Apr 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2533249 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2308861&cid=s_37593_18_f&fid=37593&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19333774%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Dicanio D, Sparacio R, Declercq L, Corstjens H, Muizzuddin N, Hidalgo J, Giacomoni PU, Jorgensen L, Maes D The estimated apparent age (EAA) was estimated by a panel of trained experts, for the individuals in a cohort. Twelve independent clinical, biophysical and biochemical parameters measured on facial skin, have been identified by multiple regression analysis, which influence the EAA of a person of chronological age (CA) (under eye lines, clinically assessed crow's feet, age spots, clinically evaluated firmness, forehead lines, pores, lip lines, instrumentally evaluated firmness, instrumentally evaluated crow feet, skin texture, in vivo fluorescence related to proliferation and glycation). An algorithm has been devised to obtain the calculated age score (CAS) in a cohort of ... Biogerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2308861 Tue, 31 Mar 2009 04:00:00 +0100 2308861 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2308859&cid=s_37593_18_f&fid=37593&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19333775%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, we compared two groups of animals, young and old, after either oophorectomy (OVX) or oophorectomy plus E(2) (OVX + E(2)) replacement. We found that absence of E(2) was associated with higher levels of PPARgamma and lower levels of Sirt1 most significantly in the old group. In addition, old mice responded better to E(2) replacement in terms of reducing adipogenesis and PPARgamma expression as well as increasing levels of Sirt1 expression. Our findings represent a new understanding of the role of E(2) in age-related bone loss, which could be mediated through the regulation of Sirt1 expression within the bone marrow. In addition, this evidence suggests that old individuals may show a better response to E(2) administration in terms of reverting the high levels of marrow fat seen... Biogerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2308859 Tue, 31 Mar 2009 04:00:00 +0100 2308859 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2251738&cid=s_37593_18_f&fid=37593&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19267214%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Perovic M, Mladenovic Djordjevic A, Smiljanic K, Tanic N, Rakic L, Ruzdijic S, Kanazir S Expression profiles of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase (HMGR), apolipoprotein E (ApoE) and cholesterol 24S-hydroxylase (CYP46), proteins involved in cholesterol biosynthesis, transport and excretion from the CNS, were analyzed in the rat cortex, hippocampus and cerebellum as a function of aging (6-24 months) and in response to long-term dietary restriction (DR). Age-related increases for all three mRNAs were observed, with the highest induction found for Cyp46 in the cortex and hippocampus of 24-month-old animals. DR maintained stable levels of Cyp46, HMGR, and ApoE mRNAs during aging, exhibiting an attenuating effect on age-related changes through specific temporal and reg... Biogerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2251738 Sat, 07 Mar 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2251738 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2235405&cid=s_37593_18_f&fid=37593&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19255868%26dopt%3DAbstract This study was aimed at elucidating mechanisms involved in mouse aging by conducting both gene expression and biochemical analyses on isolated mouse brain, heart and kidney. The gene expression analysis was not aimed at solely highlighting age-related transcriptional changes but also revealing regulated biological processes, cellular compartments, signaling and metabolic pathways. We have uncovered a conserved increase in the expression of genes mediating immune responses in all the tissues analyzed. In addition, elevated levels of lipid hydroperoxides (LPO)-an indicator of increased levels of radical oxygen species, implicate an oxidative stress-mediated activity of NF-kB signaling. In summary, these results suggest that transcriptional changes are most probably the downstream effect of e... Biogerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2235405 Tue, 03 Mar 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2235405 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2218362&cid=s_37593_18_f&fid=37593&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19238574%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, we have determined the effect of aging on GLOI activity and the immunoreactivity and morphological distribution of GLOI in the human lens. A monoclonal antibody was developed against human GLOI. GLOI immunoreactivity was strongest in the anterior epithelial cells and weaker in rest of the lens. Cultured human lens epithelial cells showed immunostaining throughout the cytoplasm. In the human lens, GLOI activity and immunoreactivity both decreased with age. We believe that this would lead to promotion of MGO-modification in aging lens proteins. PMID: 19238574 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Biogerontology) Biogerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2218362 Tue, 24 Feb 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2218362 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2196118&cid=s_37593_18_f&fid=37593&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19221889%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Lü L, Mak YT, Fang M, Yew DT Astrocytes react to various neurodegenerative insults rapidly and undergo changes known as gliosis or astrogliosis. In Alzheimer's disease (AD), a wall of reactive astrocytes surrounds senile plaques of beta-amyloid (Abeta) and might play an important role in clearing of Abeta. AD is neuropathologically characterized by the co-existence of two pathological structures, senile plaques and neurofibrillary tangles composed of Abeta and Tau protein respectively. However, the molecular mechanisms underlie astrogliosis and increased expressions of GFAP and other astrogliosis markers are poorly understood. Since AD is age related, the aim of this study is to compare the gliosis of aging prone astrocytes cultured from senescence-accelerated mice and as... Biogerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2196118 Tue, 17 Feb 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2196118 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2192324&cid=s_37593_18_f&fid=37593&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19219637%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Nehlin JO, Barington T Stem cell therapy based on the safe and unlimited self-renewal of human pluripotent stem cells is envisioned for future use in tissue or organ replacement after injury or disease. A gradual decline of regenerative capacity has been documented among the adult stem cell population in some body organs during the aging process. Recent progress in human somatic cell nuclear transfer and inducible pluripotent stem cell technologies has shown that patient-derived nuclei or somatic cells can be reprogrammed in vitro to become pluripotent stem cells, from which the three germ layer lineages can be generated, genetically identical to the recipient. Once differentiation protocols and culture conditions can be defined and optimized, patient-histocompatible pluripote... Biogerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2192324 Sun, 15 Feb 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2192324 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2188660&cid=s_37593_18_f&fid=37593&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19214770%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Asha Devi S, Shiva Shankar Reddy CS, Subramanyam MV The effects of oxidative stress (OS) on the rat erythrocytes (RBCs) that were fractionated on the percoll/BSA gradient into young and old cells were studied to find out if the altered Na( + ) /H(+) and Cl(-)/HCO(3) (-) antiporters and in turn the intracellular pH (pH(i)) could act as one of the promoters of cell death. Old cells were more spherical with lesser surface area, more fragile osmotically and had lesser protein sulphydryl content than the young cells. OS was induced in RBCs by 2,2'-azobis (2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride (AAPH). AAPH increased the superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and MDA level and, the changes between the young and old. Interestingly, vitamin C was effective in reducing MDA in the old. Further,... Biogerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2188660 Fri, 13 Feb 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2188660 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2188661&cid=s_37593_18_f&fid=37593&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19214769%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Britt-Compton B, Wyllie F, Rowson J, Capper R, Jones RE, Baird DM The replicative lifespan of many cell types is determined by the length of telomeres in the initiating cell population. In 20% oxygen, IMR90 cells have a shorter replicative lifespan compared to that achieved in conditions that lower the levels of oxidative stress. We sought to address the role of telomere dynamics in determining the replicative lifespan of IMR90 cells. We analysed clonal populations cultured in parallel in 3 and 20% oxygen. We observed that, at senescence, telomere length was shorter in 3% oxygen and this was proportional to the lifespan extension. We observed no detectable difference in the rate of telomere erosion in the two culture conditions, however as the cells approached senescence the g... Biogerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2188661 Thu, 12 Feb 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2188661 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2184796&cid=s_37593_18_f&fid=37593&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19205918%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Palaniyappan A Cellular senescence is induced by diverse mechanisms and is in turn mediated by multiple biochemical pathways. We found that cyclophosphamide sensitively inhibits the growth of normal human fibroblasts. Those growth arrested fibroblasts showed morphology similar to that of normally senesced cells and strongly expressed senescence-associated beta-galactosidase. They also showed up regulation of senescence-associated genes and eventually lost their division potential. In addition, enhanced phosphorylation of MAP kinases was found in growth arrested cells, very similar to normally senesced cells. Collectively, these results suggest that cyclophosphamide uses signaling pathways similar to those that are active in replicative senescence, thereby leading to premature ... Biogerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2184796 Tue, 10 Feb 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2184796 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2175034&cid=s_37593_18_f&fid=37593&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19199108%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Helle S Human lifespan has been reported to relate to solar activity during prenatal development. The likely key mechanism behind this association is increased mutagenic ultraviolet (UVB) radiation during high solar activity that damages DNA. Here, the aim was to replicate the findings of those previous few studies that have suggested a reduced lifespan of individuals born during the years of high solar activity, measured as the sunspot numbers. We used data on annual cohort life expectancy at birth of both women and men born between 1751 and 1915, obtained from ten nations located mainly in Europe. These data, however, provided no evidence that human life expectancy at birth was related to solar activity during gestation among the countries studied. PMID: 19199108 [PubMed... Biogerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2175034 Sun, 08 Feb 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2175034