MedWorm.com provides a medical RSS filtering service. Over 6000 RSS medical sources are combined and output via different filters. This feed contains the latest items from the 'Bone' source. Sun, 21 Mar 2010 15:49:17 +0100 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3372303&cid=s_34570_31_f&fid=34570&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.elsevierhealth.com%2Fperiodicals%2Fbon%2Farticle%2FPIIS8756328210004679%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes (Source: Bone) Bone journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3372303 Wed, 17 Mar 2010 15:08:14 +0100 3372303 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3372253&cid=s_34570_31_f&fid=34570&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.elsevierhealth.com%2Fperiodicals%2Fbon%2Farticle%2FPIIS8756328210004667%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes (Source: Bone) Bone journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3372253 Wed, 17 Mar 2010 15:08:00 +0100 3372253 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3372252&cid=s_34570_31_f&fid=34570&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.elsevierhealth.com%2Fperiodicals%2Fbon%2Farticle%2FPIIS8756328210004655%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes (Source: Bone) Bone journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3372252 Wed, 17 Mar 2010 15:08:00 +0100 3372252 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3372251&cid=s_34570_31_f&fid=34570&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.elsevierhealth.com%2Fperiodicals%2Fbon%2Farticle%2FPIIS8756328210004643%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes (Source: Bone) Bone journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3372251 Wed, 17 Mar 2010 15:08:00 +0100 3372251 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3372250&cid=s_34570_31_f&fid=34570&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.elsevierhealth.com%2Fperiodicals%2Fbon%2Farticle%2FPIIS8756328210004606%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes (Source: Bone) Bone journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3372250 Wed, 17 Mar 2010 15:08:00 +0100 3372250 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3274470&cid=s_34570_31_f&fid=34570&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.elsevierhealth.com%2Fperiodicals%2Fbon%2Farticle%2FPIIS8756328210003960%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes (Source: Bone) Bone journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3274470 Tue, 16 Feb 2010 15:04:22 +0100 3274470 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3274425&cid=s_34570_31_f&fid=34570&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.elsevierhealth.com%2Fperiodicals%2Fbon%2Farticle%2FPIIS8756328210003959%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes (Source: Bone) Bone journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3274425 Tue, 16 Feb 2010 15:04:11 +0100 3274425 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3274424&cid=s_34570_31_f&fid=34570&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.elsevierhealth.com%2Fperiodicals%2Fbon%2Farticle%2FPIIS8756328210003947%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes (Source: Bone) Bone journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3274424 Tue, 16 Feb 2010 15:04:11 +0100 3274424 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3274423&cid=s_34570_31_f&fid=34570&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.elsevierhealth.com%2Fperiodicals%2Fbon%2Farticle%2FPIIS8756328210003935%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes (Source: Bone) Bone journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3274423 Tue, 16 Feb 2010 15:04:11 +0100 3274423 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3274422&cid=s_34570_31_f&fid=34570&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.elsevierhealth.com%2Fperiodicals%2Fbon%2Farticle%2FPIIS8756328210003893%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes (Source: Bone) Bone journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3274422 Tue, 16 Feb 2010 15:04:11 +0100 3274422 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3372287&cid=s_34570_31_f&fid=34570&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.elsevierhealth.com%2Fperiodicals%2Fbon%2Farticle%2FPIIS8756328210003741%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: The vanilloid type 1 ion channel (TRPV1) is known to play an important role in the regulation of pain and inflammation. Pharmacological ligands of TRPV1 regulate human osteoclast formation in vitro, but the effects of these agents on osteoblast function have not been studied and their effects on bone loss in vivo are unknown. Here we examined the effects of the TRPV1 ion channel antagonist capsazepine on mouse osteoclast and osteoblast differentiation in vitro and ovariectomy induced bone loss in vivo. Capsazepine inhibited osteoclast formation and bone resorption in a dose dependent manner in bone marrow–osteoblast co-cultures and RANKL generated osteoclast cultures, whereas the TRPV1 agonist capsaicin enhanced RANKL and M-CSF stimulated osteoclast formation. Capsazepine also ... Bone journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3372287 Thu, 11 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3372287 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3372267&cid=s_34570_31_f&fid=34570&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.elsevierhealth.com%2Fperiodicals%2Fbon%2Farticle%2FPIIS8756328209021371%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Introduction: Monthly oral ibandronate is indicated for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. The STudy Researching Osteoporosis iN Guys (STRONG) investigated the efficacy and safety of 150-mg monthly oral ibandronate in men with primary, idiopathic, or hypogonadism-related low bone density.Methods: STRONG was a 1-year, placebo-controlled, randomized (2 ibandronate: 1 placebo), double-blind study that enrolled ambulatory men aged ≥30 years with baseline femoral neck (FN) bone mineral density (BMD) T-scores ≤−2.0 and lumbar spine (LS) BMD T-scores ≤−1.0 or LS BMD T-scores ≤−2.0, FN BMD T-scores ≤−1.0, and BMD T-scores ≥−4.0 at any site assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. The primary endpoint was mean percent change f... Bone journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3372267 Thu, 11 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3372267 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3372282&cid=s_34570_31_f&fid=34570&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.elsevierhealth.com%2Fperiodicals%2Fbon%2Farticle%2FPIIS8756328210003844%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: We previously reported that basic fibroblast growth factor (FGF-2) stimulates the release of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) via p44/p42 mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase and stress-activated protein kinase/c-Jun N-terminal kinase (SAPK/JNK) in osteoblast-like MC3T3-E1 cells and that FGF-2-activated p38 MAP kinase negatively regulates the VEGF release in osteoblast-like MC3T3-E1 cells. In the present study, we investigated whether Rho-kinase is involved in FGF-2-stimulated VEGF release in MC3T3-E1 cells. FGF-2 induced the phosphorylation of myosin phosphatase targeting subunit (MYPT-1), a substrate of Rho-kinase. Y27632, a specific inhibitor of Rho-kinase, which attenuated the MYPT-1 phosphorylation, significantly enhanced the FGF-2-stimulated VEGF release. Fasudil... Bone journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3372282 Wed, 10 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3372282 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3372272&cid=s_34570_31_f&fid=34570&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.elsevierhealth.com%2Fperiodicals%2Fbon%2Farticle%2FPIIS8756328209021279%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Purpose: In addition to bone mineral density (BMD), trabecular microstructure contributes to skeletal strength. Our goal was to examine changes in trabecular microstructure in women on therapy.Materials and methods: We followed 10 postmenopausal women receiving a bisphosphonate, risedronate (35 mg once weekly), over 12 months and examined trabecular microarchitecture with high resolution wrist MR images (hr-MRI). MRI parameters included bone volume/total volume (BV/TV), surface density (representing plates), curve density (representing rods), surface-to-curve ratio and erosion index (depicting deterioration). We assessed BMD of the spine, hip and radius and markers of bone turnover.Results: Women had been receiving bisphosphonate therapy for 43±9 months (mean±SD) prior to the f... Bone journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3372272 Mon, 08 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3372272 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3372263&cid=s_34570_31_f&fid=34570&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.elsevierhealth.com%2Fperiodicals%2Fbon%2Farticle%2FPIIS8756328210003832%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Conclusions: The use of bisphosphonates following primary THA was associated with an increased risk of revision due to deep infection. However, long-term use was associated with a reduced risk of revision of any type. Further research is warranted in order to clarify whether these associations are truly causal. (Source: Bone) Bone journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3372263 Mon, 08 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3372263 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3372271&cid=s_34570_31_f&fid=34570&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.elsevierhealth.com%2Fperiodicals%2Fbon%2Farticle%2FPIIS8756328209021310%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: The relationship between aBMD and osteoarthritis (OA) remains unclear. We compared aBMD, BMC and bone size among children and grandchildren of Hutterites with hip or knee replacement (n=23 each) to children and grandchildren of age- and sex-matched controls (178 children and 267 grandchildren). There were no differences in anthropometric measures or activity levels between case and control probands, but femoral neck (FN) and spine (LS) aBMD and Z-scores were greater in cases than controls (0.89 vs. 0.80 g/cm2; 1.15 vs. 1.03 g/cm2; 1.5 vs. 0.8; 2.4 vs. 1.2: all p (Source: Bone) Bone journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3372271 Thu, 04 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3372271 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3372296&cid=s_34570_31_f&fid=34570&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.elsevierhealth.com%2Fperiodicals%2Fbon%2Farticle%2FPIIS8756328209021012%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: The intra-specimen spatial variation in mineralization of bone tissue can be changed by drug treatments that alter bone remodeling. However, the contribution of such changes to the overall biomechanical effect of a treatment on bone strength is not known. To provide insight into this issue, we used a rat model to determine the effects of ovariectomy, parathyroid hormone, and raloxifene (vs. sham) on the contribution of spatial variations in mineralization to treatment-induced changes in vertebral stiffness. Mineral density was measured from 6-µm voxel-sized quantitative micro-CT scans. Whole-vertebral and trabecular stiffness values were estimated using finite element analysis of these micro-CT scans, first including all intra-specimen variations in mineral density in the model ... Bone journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3372296 Mon, 01 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3372296 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3372290&cid=s_34570_31_f&fid=34570&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.elsevierhealth.com%2Fperiodicals%2Fbon%2Farticle%2FPIIS8756328210000050%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes In conclusion, with an SNP-based linkage approach, we identified several novel potential QTLs and confirmed previously identified chromosomal regions linked to bone mass and geometry. Subsequent focus on the spectrum of genetic polymorphisms in these refined regions may contribute to finding variants predisposing to osteoporosis. (Source: Bone) Bone journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3372290 Mon, 01 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3372290 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3372289&cid=s_34570_31_f&fid=34570&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.elsevierhealth.com%2Fperiodicals%2Fbon%2Farticle%2FPIIS8756328210003716%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Computed tomography (CT) data can be employed with respect to determining mechanical properties and has been used to predict parameters such as elastic modulus, yield strength, and ultimate strength of intact bone. Micro-computed tomography (μCT) possesses the resolution capable of detecting apparent bone density in extremely local regions and can characterize the trabecular structure. It has been asserted that this micro-structure is susceptible to micro-buckling and bending, which has a controversial role in predicting the global mechanical properties of bone. The current study measured the mechanical properties of relatively high apparent density bone from the equine distal third metacarpal. The mechanical properties were correlated with trabecular morphology parameters and a... Bone journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3372289 Mon, 01 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3372289 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3372288&cid=s_34570_31_f&fid=34570&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.elsevierhealth.com%2Fperiodicals%2Fbon%2Farticle%2FPIIS8756328210003728%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes In this study, we used MC3T3-E1 osteoblast cultures to examine the effects of exogenous IP6 on osteoblast function and matrix mineralization. IP6 at physiologic concentrations caused a dose-dependent inhibition of mineralization without affecting cell viability, proliferation or collagen deposition. Osteoblast differentiation markers, including tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase activity, bone sialoprotein and osteocalcin mRNA levels, were not adversely affected by IP6 treatment. On the other hand, IP6 markedly increased protein and mRNA levels of osteopontin, a potent inhibitor of crystal growth and matrix mineralization. Inositol alone (without phosphate), as well as inositol hexakis-sulphate, a compound with a high negative charge similar to IP6, had no effect on mineralization or ... Bone journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3372288 Mon, 01 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3372288 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3372286&cid=s_34570_31_f&fid=34570&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.elsevierhealth.com%2Fperiodicals%2Fbon%2Farticle%2FPIIS8756328210003765%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Activin A belongs to the TGF-β superfamily and plays an important role in bone metabolism. It was reported that a soluble form of extracellular domain of the activin receptor type IIA (ActRIIA) fused to the Fc domain of murine IgG, an activin antagonist, has an anabolic effect on bone in intact and ovariectomized mice. The present study was designed to examine the skeletal effect of human ActRIIA-IgG1-Fc (ACE-011) in non-human primates. Young adult female Cynomolgus monkeys were given a biweekly subcutaneous injection of either 10mg/kg ACE-011 or vehicle (VEH) for 3months. Treatment effects were evaluated by histomorphometric analysis of the distal femur, femoral midshaft, femoral neck and 12th thoracic vertebrae, by μCT analysis of femoral neck and by biomarkers of bone turnov... Bone journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3372286 Mon, 01 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3372286 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3372284&cid=s_34570_31_f&fid=34570&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.elsevierhealth.com%2Fperiodicals%2Fbon%2Farticle%2FPIIS8756328210003777%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Bone is capable of adapting its mass and structure under mechanical cues. Bone cells respond to various mechanical stimuli including substrate strain, fluid pressure, and fluid flow (shear stress) in vitro. Although tissue-level strains are well documented experimentally, microfluidic parameters around bone cells are quantified mainly through theoretical modeling. A key model parameter, the Darcy permeability of the bone lacunar–canalicular system (LCS), is difficult to measure using traditional methods due to the co-existence of the larger vascular and smaller LCS porosities. In this paper, we developed a novel method to measure the LCS permeability by rapid compaction of intact mammalian bones and recording the intramedullary pressure (IMP). Six canine metacarpals were subjec... Bone journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3372284 Mon, 01 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3372284 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3372265&cid=s_34570_31_f&fid=34570&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.elsevierhealth.com%2Fperiodicals%2Fbon%2Farticle%2FPIIS8756328210003704%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Background: Birth weight is positively associated with adult bone mass. However, it is not clear if its effect is already evident in early adulthood.Objective: To investigate the association between birth weight, adult body size, the interaction between them and bone mass in young adults.Methods: Bone densitometry by DXA was performed on 496 individuals (240 men) aged 23–24 years from the 1978/79 Ribeirão Preto (southern Brazil) birth cohort, who were born and still residing in the city in 2002. Birth weight and length as well as adult weight and height were directly measured and converted to z-scores. The influence of birth weight and length, and adult weight and height on bone area (BA), bone mineral content (BMC) and bone mineral density (BMD) at the lumbar spine, proximal ... Bone journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3372265 Mon, 01 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3372265 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3372264&cid=s_34570_31_f&fid=34570&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.elsevierhealth.com%2Fperiodicals%2Fbon%2Farticle%2FPIIS8756328210003753%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes This study investigated whether potential predictors, from different stages of life, influence bone resorption in men aged 49–51years in the Newcastle Thousand Families birth cohort. The cohort originally consisted of all 1142 births in the city of Newcastle upon Tyne, UK in May and June 1947. Detailed information was collected prospectively during childhood, including birth weight and socio-economic circumstances. At 49–51years of age, 574 study members completed a detailed ‘Health and Lifestyle’ questionnaire, including the European Prospective Investigation of Cancer (EPIC) food frequency questionnaire and 412 study members attended for clinical examination, including 172 men in whom bone resorption was assessed by measurement of serum β C-telopeptide of type 1 collagen (CTX).A... Bone journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3372264 Mon, 01 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3372264 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3372291&cid=s_34570_31_f&fid=34570&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.elsevierhealth.com%2Fperiodicals%2Fbon%2Farticle%2FPIIS8756328209021334%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes In this study, we investigated the role of chemokines and its receptors in the immunoregulation of experimental PD in mice. Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans-infected C57Bl/6 (WT) mice developed an intense inflammatory reaction and severe alveolar bone resorption, associated with a high expression of CCL3 and the migration of CCR5+, CCR1+ and RANKL+ cells to periodontal tissues. However, CCL3KO-infected mice developed a similar disease phenotype than WT strain, characterized by the similar expression of cytokines (TNF-α, IFN-γ and IL-10), osteoclastogenic factors (RANKL and OPG) and MMPs (MMP-1, MMP-2, MMP-3, TIMP-1 and TIMP-3), and similar patterns of CCR1+, CCR5+ and RANKL+ cell migration. The apparent lack of function for CCL3 is possible due the relative redundancy of chemokine s... Bone journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3372291 Fri, 29 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3372291 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3372261&cid=s_34570_31_f&fid=34570&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.elsevierhealth.com%2Fperiodicals%2Fbon%2Farticle%2FPIIS8756328209021358%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: The purpose of this post hoc analysis was to determine whether baseline concentrations or early changes in serum bone turnover markers were correlated with changes in bone mineral density (BMD) at 18 months in patients with glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis (GIO) treated with teriparatide (n=80; 20 μg/day) or alendronate (n=77; 10 mg/day). Bone markers included type I collagen N-terminal propeptide (PINP), type I collagen C-terminal propeptide (PICP), bone alkaline phosphatase (bone ALP), and cross-linked C-telopeptide of type I collagen (Sβ-CTX). The relationship between baseline and early changes in markers and the 18-month changes in lumbar spine (LS) and femoral neck (FN) BMD was evaluated using Spearman correlation analysis. In the teriparatide group, increases in LS ... Bone journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3372261 Thu, 28 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3372261 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3372268&cid=s_34570_31_f&fid=34570&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.elsevierhealth.com%2Fperiodicals%2Fbon%2Farticle%2FPIIS875632820902136X%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Understanding the influence of total body fat mass (TBFM) on bone during the peri-pubertal years is critical for the development of future interventions aimed at improving bone strength and reducing fracture risk. Thus, we evaluated the relationship of TBFM to volumetric bone mineral density (vBMD), geometry, and strength at metaphyseal and diaphyseal sites of the femur and tibia of young girls. Data from 396 girls aged 8–13 years from the “Jump-In: Building Better Bones” study were analyzed. Bone parameters were assessed using peripheral quantitative computed tomography (pQCT) at the 4% and 20% distal femur and 4% and 66% distal tibia of the non-dominant leg. Bone parameters at the 4% sites included trabecular vBMD, periosteal circumference, and bone strength index (BSI),... Bone journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3372268 Wed, 27 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3372268 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3372266&cid=s_34570_31_f&fid=34570&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.elsevierhealth.com%2Fperiodicals%2Fbon%2Farticle%2FPIIS8756328210000062%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: The strong association between body mass and skeletal robusticity has been attributed to increasing skeletal loading with increasing mass. However, it is unclear whether body mass is merely a coarse substitute for bone loading rather than a true independent predictor of bone strength. As indices of neuromuscular performance, impulse and peak power were determined from vertical ground reaction force during a maximal counter movement jump test in 221 premenopausal and 82 postmenopausal women. Bone compressive (BSId g2/cm4) and bending (SSImaxmid mm3) strength indices were measured with peripheral quantitative computed tomography (pQCT) at the distal (d) and midshaft (mid) sites of the tibia. A two-step forced regression model for predicting bone strength indices was constructed. Ag... Bone journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3372266 Wed, 27 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3372266 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3372260&cid=s_34570_31_f&fid=34570&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.elsevierhealth.com%2Fperiodicals%2Fbon%2Farticle%2FPIIS8756328209021231%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Reduced osteoblast function is a primary defect in glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis (GIO), and is reflected by decreased biochemical markers of bone formation, such as serum osteocalcin (OC) and procollagen type I N-terminal propeptide (PINP). This analysis compared the effects of teriparatide and alendronate on OC and PINP in patients with GIO. In a double-blind study, women (N=159) and men (N=38) with GIO were randomized to either teriparatide 20 μg/day by subcutaneous injection or to alendronate 10 mg/day orally. OC and PINP were measured in fasting-state serum samples obtained at baseline and at 1, 6, 18, and 36 months. Baseline bone formation markers were below the reference interval (low) in 33% of patients for OC and in 4% of patients for PINP. On teriparatide therapy... Bone journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3372260 Wed, 27 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3372260 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3372302&cid=s_34570_31_f&fid=34570&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.elsevierhealth.com%2Fperiodicals%2Fbon%2Farticle%2FPIIS8756328210003698%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Eq. (2) appears incorrectly in the article. The correct Eq. (2) appears below.where Vr is the fluid volume ratio between the contributing canaliculi and the central lacuna [13], n is the contributing canalicular number, D is the diffusion coefficient, and d is the canalicular length. (Source: Bone) Bone journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3372302 Mon, 25 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3372302 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3372294&cid=s_34570_31_f&fid=34570&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.elsevierhealth.com%2Fperiodicals%2Fbon%2Farticle%2FPIIS8756328209021127%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: PHOSPHO1 is a bone-specific phosphatase implicated in the initiation of inorganic phosphate generation for matrix mineralization. The control of mineralization is attributed to the actions of tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase (TNAP). However, matrix vesicles (MVs) containing apatite crystals are present in patients with hypophosphatasia as well as TNAP null (Akp2−/−) mice. It is therefore likely that other phosphatases work with TNAP to regulate matrix mineralization.Although PHOSPHO1 and TNAP expression is associated with MVs, it is not known if PHOSPHO1 and TNAP are coexpressed during the early stages of limb development. Furthermore, the functional in vivo role of PHOSPHO1 in matrix mineralization has yet to be established. Here, we studied the temporal expression an... Bone journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3372294 Mon, 25 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3372294 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3372292&cid=s_34570_31_f&fid=34570&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.elsevierhealth.com%2Fperiodicals%2Fbon%2Farticle%2FPIIS8756328209021280%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Frizzleds are receptors for Wnt signaling and are involved in skeletal morphogenesis. Little is known about the transcriptional regulation of frizzleds in bone cells. In the current study, we determined if two common and potentially functional genetic variants (rs2232157, rs2232158) in the frizzled-1 (FZD1) promoter region and their haplotypes influence FZD1 promoter activity in human osteoblast-like cells. We also determined if these variants are associated with femoral neck bone mineral density (BMD) and geometry in 1319 African ancestry men aged ≥40 years. Real-time quantitative PCR and western blot analysis demonstrated FZD1 mRNA and protein expression in the human osteoblast-like cell lines, MG63 and SaOS-2. Promoter activity was next assessed by transient expression of h... Bone journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3372292 Mon, 25 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3372292 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3372275&cid=s_34570_31_f&fid=34570&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.elsevierhealth.com%2Fperiodicals%2Fbon%2Farticle%2FPIIS8756328209021103%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: The influence of an estrogen-deficient state was evaluated in this study and also its treatments with estrogen (E2) or with raloxifene (RLX) on the expression of osteocalcin during the periods of the chronology of the alveolar bone healing process (7, 14, 21, 28 and 42 post-extraction days) by means of immunohistochemistry reactions and histomorphometric analysis. Rats (200–220 g) with oestrus cycles normal were either OVX or sham-operated and divided into four groups: sham, OVX control (OVX/O), estrogen (OVX/E2; 17 β-estradiol, 400 μg/mo) and raloxifene (OVX/RLX; 1 mg/kg bw/d) groups. Histomorphometric analysis showed the sham group presented the highest mean value of bone formation post-extraction. The reaction of immunohistochemistry for osteocalcin presented stronger e... Bone journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3372275 Mon, 25 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3372275 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3372273&cid=s_34570_31_f&fid=34570&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.elsevierhealth.com%2Fperiodicals%2Fbon%2Farticle%2FPIIS8756328209021255%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Conclusion: The lipophilic statin as moderate to high dose of simvastatin had beneficial positive effect to increasing BMD and could be additive use for prevention of bone loss in hyperlipidemia patients. (Source: Bone) Bone journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3372273 Mon, 25 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3372273 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3372270&cid=s_34570_31_f&fid=34570&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.elsevierhealth.com%2Fperiodicals%2Fbon%2Farticle%2FPIIS8756328209021322%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Overall, socioeconomic status (SES) is inversely associated with poorer health outcomes. However, current literature provides conflicting data of the relationship between SES and bone mineral density (BMD) in men. In an age-stratified population-based randomly selected cross-sectional study of men (n=1467) we assessed the association between SES and lifestyle exposures in relation to BMD. SES was determined by matching the residential address for each subject with Australian Bureau of Statistics 2006 census data for the study region. BMD was measured at the spine and femoral neck by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. Lifestyle variables were collected by self-report. Regression models were age-stratified into younger and older groups and adjusted for age, weight, dietary calcium, ... Bone journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3372270 Mon, 25 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3372270 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3372269&cid=s_34570_31_f&fid=34570&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.elsevierhealth.com%2Fperiodicals%2Fbon%2Farticle%2FPIIS8756328209021346%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes In conclusion, the current study demonstrates that different psychotropic drugs with differing underlying mechanisms of action have contrasting skeletal effects and that these effects do not result indirectly via the generation of animal physical inactivity. (Source: Bone) Bone journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3372269 Mon, 25 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3372269 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3372257&cid=s_34570_31_f&fid=34570&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.elsevierhealth.com%2Fperiodicals%2Fbon%2Farticle%2FPIIS8756328209021309%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes This study also suggested that RUNX2 might control osteoblastic growth depending on the differentiation stage of the cells by regulating expression of elements involved in hormones and cytokines sensitivity. (Source: Bone) Bone journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3372257 Mon, 25 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3372257 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3195887&cid=s_34570_31_f&fid=34570&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.elsevierhealth.com%2Fperiodicals%2Fbon%2Farticle%2FPIIS8756328209020808%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes (Source: Bone) Bone journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3195887 Fri, 22 Jan 2010 15:07:11 +0100 3195887 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3195847&cid=s_34570_31_f&fid=34570&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.elsevierhealth.com%2Fperiodicals%2Fbon%2Farticle%2FPIIS8756328209021267%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Among the ever-growing list of benefits associated with physical activity, bone and muscle health remain near the top. Exercise improves muscle strength, and simultaneously enhances bone architecture and fracture resistance. The strong association between these two parameters has been explored in greater detail in recent years, to begin to understand the extent to which muscle might play a governing role in bone adaptation. This role has practical implications, for if muscle does govern bone, then physical activity exercises should be targeted to primarily maximize muscle strength, and the bone will follow. Despite early claims of a cause–effect relation, based on anecdotal evidence, individual case studies, or orthopedic experience, experimental data directly addressing this issue have ... Bone journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3195847 Fri, 22 Jan 2010 15:07:02 +0100 3195847 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3195844&cid=s_34570_31_f&fid=34570&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.elsevierhealth.com%2Fperiodicals%2Fbon%2Farticle%2FPIIS8756328209020614%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Etsuro Ogata was born on January 5, 1932, and passed away on November 1, 2009, after a long illness. A scientist and an academic of great national and international distinction, he made notable contributions to the field of calciotropic hormones and bone as well as cancer-associated endocrine and metabolic disorders. His published works in those areas provide a substantial body of high-quality science of real impact, and he was indeed a major scientific figure in mineral metabolism and bone as well as in endocrinology. He served as a board member of the International Bone and Mineral Society (when ICCRH), International Society of Endocrinology, founding co-Chair of the Cancer and Bone Society, and was president of many societies in Japan, including the JSBMR, the Japanese Endocrine Society... Bone journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3195844 Fri, 22 Jan 2010 15:07:02 +0100 3195844 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3195843&cid=s_34570_31_f&fid=34570&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.elsevierhealth.com%2Fperiodicals%2Fbon%2Farticle%2FPIIS8756328209020791%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes (Source: Bone) Bone journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3195843 Fri, 22 Jan 2010 15:07:02 +0100 3195843 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3195842&cid=s_34570_31_f&fid=34570&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.elsevierhealth.com%2Fperiodicals%2Fbon%2Farticle%2FPIIS875632820902078X%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes (Source: Bone) Bone journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3195842 Fri, 22 Jan 2010 15:07:02 +0100 3195842 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3195841&cid=s_34570_31_f&fid=34570&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.elsevierhealth.com%2Fperiodicals%2Fbon%2Farticle%2FPIIS8756328209020778%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes (Source: Bone) Bone journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3195841 Fri, 22 Jan 2010 15:07:02 +0100 3195841 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3195840&cid=s_34570_31_f&fid=34570&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.elsevierhealth.com%2Fperiodicals%2Fbon%2Farticle%2FPIIS8756328209020730%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes (Source: Bone) Bone journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3195840 Fri, 22 Jan 2010 15:07:02 +0100 3195840 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3372262&cid=s_34570_31_f&fid=34570&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.elsevierhealth.com%2Fperiodicals%2Fbon%2Farticle%2FPIIS8756328209021243%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Conclusions: Our study shows that in children LRP5 mutations are not a common cause of increased fractures. The observed rare LRP5 variants may together with unfavorable environmental and other genetic factors contribute to childhood fractures, but further studies are needed to confirm their functional significance and biological pathways through which this may occur. Our findings suggest that systematic LRP5 screening is not indicated in children with recurrent fractures. (Source: Bone) Bone journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3372262 Fri, 22 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3372262 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3372276&cid=s_34570_31_f&fid=34570&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.elsevierhealth.com%2Fperiodicals%2Fbon%2Farticle%2FPIIS8756328209021097%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes In conclusion, μFEA parameters at the radius and tibia were associated with all types of fragility fractures. We have also shown that μFEA parameters obtained with distal tibia data were associated with prevalent fractures with a similar magnitude that with parameters obtained at the radius. (Source: Bone) Bone journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3372276 Wed, 20 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3372276 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3372295&cid=s_34570_31_f&fid=34570&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.elsevierhealth.com%2Fperiodicals%2Fbon%2Farticle%2FPIIS8756328209021115%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes In this study, osteodistraction was applied in craniofacial bone of rabbit to observe the effects of BMMSCs with or without bFGF gene transfected on bone regeneration in the distracted zone. Mandibular lengthening (10 mm) was performed in 42 New Zealand white rabbits using a rapid distraction rate (2 mm/day). The animals were then randomly divided into group A, group B and group C (n=14 for each group). At the end of distraction, physiological saline, autologous BMMSCs and BMMSCs transfected with bFGF were injected into the distraction gaps in groups A, B, and C, respectively. Eight weeks after DO, the rabbits were sacrificed, and the distracted mandibles were harvested and processed for radiography, dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA), micro-CT, histology and three-point bend testing... Bone journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3372295 Mon, 18 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3372295 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3372293&cid=s_34570_31_f&fid=34570&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.elsevierhealth.com%2Fperiodicals%2Fbon%2Farticle%2FPIIS8756328209021140%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Type 2 diabetes is associated with normal-to-higher bone mineral density (BMD) and increased rate of fracture. Hyperinsulinemia and hyperglycemia may affect bone mass and quality in the diabetic skeleton. In order to dissect the effect of hyperinsulinemia from the hyperglycemic impact on bone homeostasis, we have analyzed L-SACC1 mice, a murine model of impaired insulin clearance in liver causing hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance without fasting hyperglycemia. Adult L-SACC1 mice exhibit significantly higher trabecular and cortical bone mass, attenuated bone formation as measured by dynamic histomorphometry, and reduced number of osteoclasts. Serum levels of bone formation (BALP) and bone resorption markers (TRAP5b and CTX) are decreased by approximately 50%. The L-SACC1 mut... Bone journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3372293 Mon, 18 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3372293 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3372274&cid=s_34570_31_f&fid=34570&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.elsevierhealth.com%2Fperiodicals%2Fbon%2Farticle%2FPIIS8756328209021139%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Objective: Bone impairment is a well-known complication in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) survivors but less is known about bone dynamics during ALL therapy. We longitudinally assessed by Quantitative Ultrasound (QUS) skeletal modifications during this treatment.Materials and methods: Forty-four newly diagnosed ALL children underwent bone measurement by QUS parameters BTT (Bone Transmission Time) and AD-SoS (Amplitude-Dependent Speed of Sound), mainly reliant on bone density and cortical thickness, respectively. Measurements were performed at diagnosis, and 6, 12, and 24 months thereafter. The occurrence of skeletal complications such as fractures, vertebral collapse, osteonecrosis, and osteopenia was related to measurement outcome.Results: A rapid deterioration of... Bone journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3372274 Fri, 15 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3372274 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3372298&cid=s_34570_31_f&fid=34570&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.elsevierhealth.com%2Fperiodicals%2Fbon%2Farticle%2FPIIS8756328209020973%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: The parathyroid hormone receptor type 1 (PTHR1) is activated by parathyroid hormone (PTH) and PTH-related protein (PTHrP) and primarily signals via intracellular pathways involving adenylyl cyclase and phospholipase C. The intracellular tail domain of the PTHR1 contributes to G protein subunit coupling that is important for second messenger signalling. In addition, the intracellular domain has a potential nuclear localization sequence (NLS) that, if functional, could point to an intracrine role for the receptor. In the present study, we have utilized 2 sets of constructs that employ either a [KRK(484-486)AAA](3Ala) mutation in the putative NLS or the non-mutant counterpart and included (a) the full-length rat PTHR1 with FLAG and c-myc epitope tags at the N-terminus and C-terminus... Bone journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3372298 Thu, 14 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3372298 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3372254&cid=s_34570_31_f&fid=34570&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.elsevierhealth.com%2Fperiodicals%2Fbon%2Farticle%2FPIIS8756328209020651%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes We report the successful use of intravenous pamidronate therapy in diminishing pain, improving function, and restoring bone mass in an 11-year-old girl with CRPS of her left lower limb following a tibial fracture. Previous treatment with intense physiotherapy and regional sympathetic blockade had not improved her symptoms. Pain improved within weeks of the first pamidronate infusion, with subsequent improvement in function. The benefit in pain reduction and function was sustained during the 2-year treatment regime. Improvement in bone mass and density was demonstrated by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and peripheral quantitative computerised tomography (pQCT). pQCT scans showed marked improvement in bone size and geometry and muscle bulk on the affected side. No adverse affects wer... Bone journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3372254 Thu, 14 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3372254 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3372259&cid=s_34570_31_f&fid=34570&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.elsevierhealth.com%2Fperiodicals%2Fbon%2Farticle%2FPIIS8756328209020997%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Osterix (Osx) is a zinc-finger-containing transcription factor that is highly specific to osteoblasts in vivo. Because Osx homozygous null mutants die in the immediate perinatal period showing a complete absence of bone formation, it is impossible determine the role that Osx plays in bones that have already formed after birth. To determine whether Osx is essential for bone maintenance and homeostasis, we conditionally inactivated the Osx gene in adult bone using the Cre/loxP recombination system. In previous reports, 2.3-kb Col1a1-CreERT2 mice that expressed a Cre recombinase that is transiently inducible by 4-hydroxytamoxifen (4-OHT) were intercrossed with Rosa26R (R26R) reporter mice, which resulted in the production of Cre-expressing osteoblasts that were detected upon X-gal s... Bone journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3372259 Tue, 12 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3372259 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3372297&cid=s_34570_31_f&fid=34570&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.elsevierhealth.com%2Fperiodicals%2Fbon%2Farticle%2FPIIS8756328209021000%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Both bone density and quality are important determinants of bone strength. Bone quality is prescribed by matrix characteristic including collagen cross-linking and bone structural characteristics and is important in reinforcement of bone strength. We investigated the effects of alfacalcidol (ALF), a prodrug of calcitriol, and alendronate (ALN), a bisphosphanate, on the mechanical properties and content of enzymatic cross-links in femoral bone using a fracture repair rat model. Forty 3-month-old female Wistar–Imamichi rats were randomized into 4 groups: SHAM (sham-operated+vehicle), OVX (ovariectomy+vehicle), ALF (ovariectomy+ALF, 0.1 μg/kg/d, p.o.) and ALN (ovariectomy+ALN, 10 μg/kg/d, s.c.). Treatment began immediately after SHAM or OVX surgery. Three weeks later, all animal... Bone journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3372297 Mon, 11 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3372297 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3372277&cid=s_34570_31_f&fid=34570&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.elsevierhealth.com%2Fperiodicals%2Fbon%2Farticle%2FPIIS8756328209020985%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Discussion: Strontium ranelate safely produced a significant reduction in vertebral and nonvertebral fracture risk during 5 years in postmenopausal women over 80 years of age and was cost saving. (Source: Bone) Bone journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3372277 Mon, 11 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3372277 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3372278&cid=s_34570_31_f&fid=34570&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.elsevierhealth.com%2Fperiodicals%2Fbon%2Farticle%2FPIIS8756328209020699%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Conclusions: Brief, daily hopping exercises increased femoral neck BMD in premenopausal women but less frequent exercise was not effective. Brief high-impact exercise may have a role in reducing hip fragility, but may need to be performed frequently for optimal response. (Source: Bone) Bone journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3372278 Fri, 08 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3372278 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3274467&cid=s_34570_31_f&fid=34570&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.elsevierhealth.com%2Fperiodicals%2Fbon%2Farticle%2FPIIS8756328209020961%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes The title of this article contained an error. The gene name was incorrectly labeled as “GRP22” which has now been corrected to “GPR22.” The correct title appears above. (Source: Bone) Bone journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3274467 Fri, 08 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3274467 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3274464&cid=s_34570_31_f&fid=34570&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.elsevierhealth.com%2Fperiodicals%2Fbon%2Farticle%2FPIIS8756328209020225%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes This study reports the elastic material properties of cortical bone in the mandible of juvenile Alligator mississippiensis obtained by using an ultrasonic wave technique. The elastic modulus, the shear modulus, and Poisson's ratio were measured on 42 cylindrical Alligator bone specimens obtained from the lingual and facial surfaces of 4 fresh Alligator mandibles. The data suggest that the elastic properties of alligator mandibular cortical bone are similar to those found in mammals and are orthotropic. The properties most resemble those found in the cortex of mammalian postcranial long bones where the bone is most stiff in one direction and much less stiff in the two remaining orthogonal directions. This is different from cortical bone found in the mandibles of humans and some monkeys, whe... Bone journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3274464 Fri, 08 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3274464 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3372281&cid=s_34570_31_f&fid=34570&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.elsevierhealth.com%2Fperiodicals%2Fbon%2Farticle%2FPIIS8756328209020626%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Conclusions: We found no relationship between dietary acid load and BMD. We also confirmed the role of well-recognized risk factor for osteoporosis. (Source: Bone) Bone journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3372281 Mon, 04 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3372281 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3372280&cid=s_34570_31_f&fid=34570&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.elsevierhealth.com%2Fperiodicals%2Fbon%2Farticle%2FPIIS8756328209020663%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Conclusion: The study emphasizes that fat mass may play different roles in children and adults and that both LBM and TFM should be taken into consideration when interpreting BMC and BMD for children. (Source: Bone) Bone journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3372280 Mon, 04 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3372280 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3372256&cid=s_34570_31_f&fid=34570&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.elsevierhealth.com%2Fperiodicals%2Fbon%2Farticle%2FPIIS875632820902095X%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Objective: We investigated whether cartilage degradation is altered in adult patients with mild osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) used as a human model of bone type I collagen-related osteoarthritis (OA).Patients and methods: Sixty-four adult patients with OI (39% women, mean age±SD: 37±12 years) and 64 healthy age-matched controls (54% women, 39±7 years) were included. We also compared data in 87 patients with knee OA (73% women, 63±8 years, mean disease duration: 6 years) and 291 age-matched controls (80% women, 62±10 years). Urinary C-terminal cross-linked telopeptide of type II collagen (CTX-II), a marker of cartilage degradation, urinary helical peptide of type I collagen (Helix-I), a marker of bone resorption, and the urinary ratio between non-isomerised/isomerised (α... Bone journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3372256 Mon, 04 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3372256 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3372255&cid=s_34570_31_f&fid=34570&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.elsevierhealth.com%2Fperiodicals%2Fbon%2Farticle%2FPIIS8756328209020687%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: We explored the possibility of using natural calcium (Ca) isotope variations in the urine (δ44/40Caurine) as a proxy for the Ca balance in the human body. We chose two test persons extremely different in their health status, gender and age (4-year-old healthy boy and a 60-year-old woman known to suffer from osteoporosis). During a 5 day interval the Ca isotope composition of the individual diet (δ44/40Cadiet) was monitored for both test persons to be in general agreement to the Ca isotope composition of the normal western European diet (∼−1.02±0.1‰). However, measurements showed that (1) δ44/40Caurine of both test persons are ∼1.37 and ∼2.49‰, respectively, heavier than δ44/40Cadiet and that (2) the δ44/40Caurine-boy is ∼1.1‰ heavier when compared to the val... Bone journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3372255 Mon, 04 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3372255 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3372301&cid=s_34570_31_f&fid=34570&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.elsevierhealth.com%2Fperiodicals%2Fbon%2Farticle%2FPIIS8756328209020638%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Bone mineral is a major determinant of the mechanical resistance of bones. In bone structural units (BSUs), mineralization of osteoid tissue begins with a rapid primary mineralization followed by a secondary mineralization phase, i.e., a slow and gradual maturation of the mineral component leading to complete mineralization during an unknown period. The aim of this study was to determine the chronology of secondary bone mineralization in ewes, an animal model with a remodeling activity close to humans. Eighteen ewes received different fluorescent labels every 6 months to date the “age” of each labeled BSU. The degree of mineralization of bone (DMB) and Vickers microhardness were measured in labeled BSUs, while mineralization at the crystal level was assessed by Fourier trans... Bone journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3372301 Thu, 31 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3372301 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3372300&cid=s_34570_31_f&fid=34570&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.elsevierhealth.com%2Fperiodicals%2Fbon%2Farticle%2FPIIS875632820902064X%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes This study aims to evaluate the relative contribution of genetics in the expression of phalangeal QUS traits in the adult healthy population of a Sardinian genetic isolate. Our sample includes 6056 men and women aged 30–103 years, from 43 extended pedigrees recruited in 10 villages of Ogliastra region in occasion of a large epidemiologic survey. Amplitude-dependent speed of sound (AD-SoS), fast wave amplitude (FWA), signal dynamic (SDy), bone transmission time (BTT) and ultrasound bone profile index (UBPI) were obtained from the non-dominant hand using the IGEA DBM Sonic Bone Profiler™. These phenotypes were first regressed on age, anthropometric and bioimpedance measures, serum calcium, phosphorus and alkaline phosphatase, alcohol and caffeine consumption, smoking status, exercise an... Bone journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3372300 Thu, 31 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3372300 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3372299&cid=s_34570_31_f&fid=34570&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.elsevierhealth.com%2Fperiodicals%2Fbon%2Farticle%2FPIIS8756328209020705%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) have mild defects in dental enamel. The gene mutated in these patients is CFTR, a Cl− channel involved in transepithelial salt and water transport and bicarbonate secretion. We tested the hypothesis that Cftr channels are present and operating in the plasma membranes of mouse ameloblasts.Tissue sections of young mouse jaws and fetal human jaws were immunostained with various anti-Cftr antibodies. Specificity of the antibodies was validated in Cftr-deficient murine and human tissues. Immunostaining for Cftr was obtained in the apical plasma membranes of mouse maturation ameloblasts of both incisor and molar tooth germs. A granular intracellular immunostaining of variable intensity was also noted in bone cells and odontoblasts. In Cftr-deficient... Bone journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3372299 Thu, 31 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3372299 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3372279&cid=s_34570_31_f&fid=34570&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.elsevierhealth.com%2Fperiodicals%2Fbon%2Farticle%2FPIIS8756328209020675%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Introduction: Kyphoplasty is gaining in popularity as a treatment for painful osteoporotic vertebral body fracture. It has the potential to restore vertebral shape and reduce spinal deformity, but the actual clinical and mechanical benefits of kyphoplasty remain unclear. In a cadaveric study, we compare the ability of vertebroplasty and kyphoplasty to restore spine mechanical function, and vertebral body shape, following vertebral fracture.Methods: Fifteen pairs of thoracolumbar “motion segments” (two vertebrae with the intervening disc and ligaments) were obtained from cadavers aged 42–96 years. All specimens were compressed to induce vertebral body fracture. Then one of each pair underwent vertebroplasty and the other kyphoplasty, using 7 ml of polymethylmethacrylate ce... Bone journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3372279 Wed, 30 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3372279 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3113332&cid=s_34570_31_f&fid=34570&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.elsevierhealth.com%2Fperiodicals%2Fbon%2Farticle%2FPIIS8756328209020468%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes (Source: Bone) Bone journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3113332 Wed, 23 Dec 2009 14:50:41 +0100 3113332 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3113300&cid=s_34570_31_f&fid=34570&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.elsevierhealth.com%2Fperiodicals%2Fbon%2Farticle%2FPIIS8756328209020456%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes (Source: Bone) Bone journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3113300 Wed, 23 Dec 2009 14:50:33 +0100 3113300 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3113299&cid=s_34570_31_f&fid=34570&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.elsevierhealth.com%2Fperiodicals%2Fbon%2Farticle%2FPIIS8756328209020444%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes (Source: Bone) Bone journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3113299 Wed, 23 Dec 2009 14:50:33 +0100 3113299 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3113298&cid=s_34570_31_f&fid=34570&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.elsevierhealth.com%2Fperiodicals%2Fbon%2Farticle%2FPIIS8756328209020432%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes (Source: Bone) Bone journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3113298 Wed, 23 Dec 2009 14:50:33 +0100 3113298 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3113297&cid=s_34570_31_f&fid=34570&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.elsevierhealth.com%2Fperiodicals%2Fbon%2Farticle%2FPIIS8756328209020390%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes (Source: Bone) Bone journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3113297 Wed, 23 Dec 2009 14:50:33 +0100 3113297 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3274447&cid=s_34570_31_f&fid=34570&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.elsevierhealth.com%2Fperiodicals%2Fbon%2Farticle%2FPIIS8756328209019887%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Areal BMD (aBMD) derived from DXA is currently the gold standard for diagnosis of osteoporosis. A biomechanical approach to fracture risk assessment comparing the ratio of applied load to bone strength, termed the factor of risk (Φ), may be useful to better identify patients at risk for fracture. We obtained 73 human cadaveric femurs (48 women and 25 men, aged 74.2±8.7 years, range 55–98 years), measured femoral neck (FN) aBMD by DXA, and mechanically tested the femurs to failure in a sideways fall configuration. The force applied to the hip during a sideways fall was estimated from height and weight, and accounted for trochanteric soft tissue thickness. Compared to men, women had significantly lower FN aBMD and femoral strength, and tended to have higher factor of risk for ... Bone journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3274447 Mon, 21 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3274447 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3274446&cid=s_34570_31_f&fid=34570&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.elsevierhealth.com%2Fperiodicals%2Fbon%2Farticle%2FPIIS8756328209020158%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: A characteristic sign of zinc deficiency is retarded skeletal growth, but the role of zinc in osteoblasts is not well understood. Two major events for bone formation include osteoblast differentiation by bone marker gene expression, which is mainly regulated by bone-specific transcription factor Runx2 and extracellular matrix (ECM) mineralization by Ca deposits for bone nodule formation. We investigated whether zinc deficiency down-regulates bone marker gene transcription and whether this might occur through modulation of Runx2. We also investigated whether zinc deficiency decreases ECM mineralization in osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells. In the presence of 5 μmol/L TPEN as zinc chelator, zinc deficiency (ZnD: 1 μmol Zn/L) decreased bone marker gene (collagen type I, osteopontin, a... Bone journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3274446 Mon, 21 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3274446 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3274442&cid=s_34570_31_f&fid=34570&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.elsevierhealth.com%2Fperiodicals%2Fbon%2Farticle%2FPIIS8756328209020006%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes In this study, we demonstrate by using both in vivo and in vitro models that the ERK signaling pathway involves an inflammatory response of various cells mediating osteolysis. Osteoblasts exhibit innate immune response by expressing M-CSF in response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS). LPS induced M-CSF expression is mediated by ERK. The inhibition of ERK signaling attenuated the inflammatory response to LPS both in vivo and in vitro. Thus, the ERK pathway may be a potentially important therapeutic target in the treatment of inflammatory osteolysis. (Source: Bone) Bone journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3274442 Thu, 17 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3274442 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3274432&cid=s_34570_31_f&fid=34570&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.elsevierhealth.com%2Fperiodicals%2Fbon%2Farticle%2FPIIS8756328209020195%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes We describe the transcriptional changes in 84 trans-iliacal bone biopsies associated with BMD variations in postmenopausal females (50 to 86 years), aiming to identify genetic determinants of bone structure. The women were healthy or having a primary osteopenic or osteoporotic status with or without low energy fractures. The total cohort of 91 unrelated women representing a wide range of BMDs, were consecutively registered and submitted to global gene Affymetrix microarray expression analysis or histomorphometry. Among almost 23,000 expressed transcripts, a set represented by ACSL3 (acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member 3), NIPSNAP3B (nipsnap homolog 3B), DLEU2 (Deleted in lymphocytic leukemia, 2), C1ORF61 (Chromosome 1 open reading frame 61), DKK1 (Dickkopf homolog 1), SOST (Scler... Bone journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3274432 Wed, 16 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3274432 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3274428&cid=s_34570_31_f&fid=34570&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.elsevierhealth.com%2Fperiodicals%2Fbon%2Farticle%2FPIIS8756328209020183%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Introduction: Osteocyte apoptosis has been linked to bone resorption resulting from estrogen depletion and other resorptive stimuli; however, precise spatial and temporal relationships between the two events have not been clearly established. The purpose of this study was to characterize the patterns of osteocyte apoptosis in relation to bone resorption following ovariectomy to test whether osteocyte apoptosis occurs preferentially in areas known to activate resorption. Moreover, we report that osteocyte apoptosis is necessary to initiate endocortical remodeling in response to estrogen withdrawal.Materials and methods: Adult female C57BL/6J mice (17 weeks old) underwent either bilateral ovariectomy (OVX), or sham surgery (SHAM) and were euthanized on days 3, 7, 14, or 21 days aft... Bone journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3274428 Wed, 16 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3274428 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3274466&cid=s_34570_31_f&fid=34570&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.elsevierhealth.com%2Fperiodicals%2Fbon%2Farticle%2FPIIS8756328209020274%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Disseminated lymphangiomatosis and Gorham–Stout disease are being considered as two forms of a single rare disease, characterized by a proliferation of lymphatic vessels, triggered by lymphangiogenic factors. There is no biological marker of the disease. Plasma VEGF might be a useful tool since the recent demonstration of its pivotal role in the mechanism of this disease.A 45-year-old woman with a history of disseminated lymphangiomatosis involving mediastinum, retroperitoneum, spleen and systemic bones for 29 years was treated with Interferon alpha 2b at a dosage of 7.5 to 15 million IU 3 times a week for 5 years. Plasma VEGF quantification was performed twice a year and showed a marked increase before therapy, which normalize after 18 months of treatment with Interferon. The ... Bone journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3274466 Mon, 14 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3274466 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3274461&cid=s_34570_31_f&fid=34570&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.elsevierhealth.com%2Fperiodicals%2Fbon%2Farticle%2FPIIS8756328209020146%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Genetic effects on mechanical properties have been demonstrated in rodents, but not confirmed in primates. Our aim was to quantify the proportion of variation in vertebral trabecular bone mechanical properties that is due to the effects of genes. L3 vertebrae were collected from 110 females and 46 male baboons (6–32 years old) from a single extended pedigree. Cranio-caudally oriented trabecular bone cores were scanned with microCT then tested in monotonic compression to determine apparent ultimate stress, modulus, and toughness. Age and sex effects and heritability (h2) were assessed using maximum likelihood-based variance components methods. Additive effects of genes on residual trait variance were significant for ultimate stress (h2=0.58), toughness (h2=0.64), and BV/TV (h2=... Bone journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3274461 Mon, 14 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3274461 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3274458&cid=s_34570_31_f&fid=34570&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.elsevierhealth.com%2Fperiodicals%2Fbon%2Farticle%2FPIIS8756328209019978%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Old age-associated osteoporosis is related to diminished bone blood flow and impaired nitric oxide (NO)-mediated vasodilation of the bone vasculature. Endurance exercise training restores the age-associated reduction of vasodilation in numerous vascular beds, as well as improving bone properties. The purpose of this study was to determine whether functional improvements in the bone vasculature are associated with increased bone properties after an endurance training intervention. Young adult (4–6 months) and old (24–26 months) male Fischer-344 rats remained sedentary or were trained (15 m/min walking, 15° incline, 5 days/week, 10–12 weeks). Endothelium-dependent vasodilation of the femoral principal nutrient artery (PNA) was assessed in vitro using acetylcholine (ACh) and... Bone journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3274458 Mon, 14 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3274458 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3274454&cid=s_34570_31_f&fid=34570&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.elsevierhealth.com%2Fperiodicals%2Fbon%2Farticle%2FPIIS8756328209020201%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Background: Apheresis is a procedure to selectively obtain blood components. For the collection process citrate is routinely used. It inhibits coagulation by binding to ionized calcium and leads to metabolic alkalosis.Objective: Whether regular apheresis affects bone and mineral metabolism is unknown. The intention of this study was to investigate 1) the acute effects of apheresis on acid–base balance, bone and mineral metabolism and 2) to compare bone mineral density (BMD) at the lumbar spine and hip of donors to matched control subjects.Design: In this open, observational, single-center, cross-sectional study we enrolled 102 regular plasma and thrombocyte donors to pursue objective 1) and compared those to 102 matched controls (CTR) for objective 2).Results: Platelet donation... Bone journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3274454 Fri, 11 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3274454 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3274438&cid=s_34570_31_f&fid=34570&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.elsevierhealth.com%2Fperiodicals%2Fbon%2Farticle%2FPIIS875632820902016X%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: In the Dosing IntraVenous Administration (DIVA) study, IV ibandronate injections (15–30 s duration) provided significantly greater gains in bone mineral density than daily oral ibandronate (P (Source: Bone) Bone journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3274438 Fri, 11 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3274438 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3274456&cid=s_34570_31_f&fid=34570&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.elsevierhealth.com%2Fperiodicals%2Fbon%2Farticle%2FPIIS8756328209020286%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes This study assesses the clinical performance of a single use POCD (OSTEOMARK® NTx Point of Care Rx Home Use) to monitor NTX levels in patients with metastatic bone disease.NTX was measured in duplicate in 136 urine samples from patients attending clinic with metastatic bone disease using the POCDs. In our centre the frequency of bisphosphonate treatment is dependent on the NTX level, which is categorised into three groups (0–50, 50–100 and >100 nmol BCE/mmol creatinine). We used these categories to compare the clinical performance of the POCDs to that of a laboratory immunoassay.From a total of 272 devices, 231 (84.9%) successfully recorded a value in nM BCE/mM creatinine. Statistical analysis of the measure of agreement between POCD and laboratory assay found moderate agreement betw... Bone journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3274456 Wed, 09 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3274456 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3274468&cid=s_34570_31_f&fid=34570&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.elsevierhealth.com%2Fperiodicals%2Fbon%2Farticle%2FPIIS8756328209020353%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes On page 480, the sentence “In southern Finland, 17.8% of children experience a fracture between birth and 14 years of age [6].” should read “In southern Finland, 17.8%/1000 of children experience a fracture between birth and 14 years of age [6].” (Source: Bone) Bone journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3274468 Mon, 07 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3274468 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3274465&cid=s_34570_31_f&fid=34570&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.elsevierhealth.com%2Fperiodicals%2Fbon%2Farticle%2FPIIS8756328209020134%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Progressive osseous heteroplasia (POH) is a rare genetic disorder characterized by dermal ossification during infancy and progressive ossification into deep connective tissue during childhood. POH is at the severe end of a spectrum of GNAS-associated ossification disorders that include osteoma cutis and Albright Hereditary Osteodystrophy (AHO). Here we describe two girls who have different clinical presentations that reflect the variable expression of GNAS-associated disorders of cutaneous ossification. Each girl had a novel heterozygous inactivating mutation in the GNAS gene. One girl had POH limited to the left arm with severe contractures and growth retardation resulting from progressive heterotopic ossification in the deep connective tissues. The other girl had AHO with wides... Bone journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3274465 Mon, 07 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3274465 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3274455&cid=s_34570_31_f&fid=34570&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.elsevierhealth.com%2Fperiodicals%2Fbon%2Farticle%2FPIIS8756328209020262%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Conclusion: Decreased secretion of amylin may be a mechanism through which reduced nutrient intake adversely affects BMD in anorexia nervosa. (Source: Bone) Bone journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3274455 Mon, 07 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3274455 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3274449&cid=s_34570_31_f&fid=34570&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.elsevierhealth.com%2Fperiodicals%2Fbon%2Farticle%2FPIIS8756328209019966%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Conclusions: Inhibition of RANKL signalling efficiently prevents bone loss in the mouse model of bacterial arthritis even when started in the overt phase of infection. (Source: Bone) Bone journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3274449 Mon, 07 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3274449 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3274441&cid=s_34570_31_f&fid=34570&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.elsevierhealth.com%2Fperiodicals%2Fbon%2Farticle%2FPIIS8756328209019905%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: The transcription factor Hey1, a known Notch target gene of the HES family, has recently been described as a target gene of bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) during osteoblastic differentiation in vitro. As the role of Hey1 in skeletal physiology is unknown, we analyzed bones of mice ubiquitously lacking or overexpressing Hey1. This strategy enabled us to evaluate whether Hey1 modulation in the whole organism could serve as a drug or antibody target for therapy of diseases associated with bone loss. Hey1 deficiency resulted in modest osteopenia in vivo and increased number and activity of osteoclasts generated ex vivo. Hey1 overexpression resulted in distinct progressive osteopenia and inhibition of osteoblasts ex vivo, an effect apparently dominant to a mild inhibition of ost... Bone journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3274441 Mon, 07 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3274441 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3274439&cid=s_34570_31_f&fid=34570&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.elsevierhealth.com%2Fperiodicals%2Fbon%2Farticle%2FPIIS8756328209020237%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Bone loss and alterations in bone quality are major causes leading to bone fragility in postmenopausal women. Although bisphosphonates are well known to reduce bone turnover and prevent bone loss in postmenopausal osteoporosis, their effects on other bone properties are not fully characterized. Changes in bone mineral and matrix properties may contribute to the anti-fracture efficacy observed with bisphosphonate treatments. The aim of this work was to analyze the effect of a 1-year treatment with either alendronate or risedronate, at low and high doses, on spatially resolved bone material and compositional properties that could contribute to the fracture efficacy of these agents.Distal tibias from 30 normal beagles that had been treated daily for 1 year with oral doses of vehicle... Bone journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3274439 Mon, 07 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3274439 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3274469&cid=s_34570_31_f&fid=34570&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.elsevierhealth.com%2Fperiodicals%2Fbon%2Farticle%2FPIIS8756328209020250%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes The names of Angel Arturo Lopez Gonzalez, Bartolome Mari Solivellas, Felix Grases Freixedas, Pilar Roca Salom, Maria Teofila Vicente Herrero and Antonia Costa Bauza were inadvertently omitted from the author line. The correct author and affiliation lines appear above. (Source: Bone) Bone journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3274469 Fri, 04 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3274469 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3274453&cid=s_34570_31_f&fid=34570&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.elsevierhealth.com%2Fperiodicals%2Fbon%2Farticle%2FPIIS8756328209020122%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: The study was designed to establish the biological basis for the use of autologous bone-marrow stromal cells (MSC) in order to improve the curing opportunities of congenital pseudarthrosis of the tibia (CPT). The investigation was planned by taking into account that the pathophysiology of bone healing mainly depends on the osteogenic potential of the resident cells, although several factors play a crucial role in restoring the normal bone structure. Bone marrow samples were collected from the lesion site (P) and the iliac crest (IC) of 7 patients affected by CPT and type 1 neurofibromatosis (NF1+) and 6 patients affected by CPT without NF1 (NF1−). Four patients without CPT served as control group. Biochemical, functional and molecular assays showed that the ability to generate ... Bone journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3274453 Fri, 04 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3274453 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3274431&cid=s_34570_31_f&fid=34570&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.elsevierhealth.com%2Fperiodicals%2Fbon%2Farticle%2FPIIS8756328209020249%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Paget's disease of bone (PDB) is a common metabolic bone disorder with a significant genetic component. To date, only one gene associated with PDB has been identified, the p62-Sequestosome1 gene (SQSTM1), and more than 20 mutations of this gene have been reported in PDB, the most common being the P392L substitution. In order to search for differentially expressed genes in PDB, we investigated the relative gene expression profile of candidate genes in osteoclast (OCL) cultures from 12 PDB patients and six unmatched healthy controls with known genetic status regarding p62, including healthy carriers of the P392L mutation. We selected 48 OCL-expressed candidate genes that may be involved in relevant pathways of PDB pathogenesis, such as OCL signaling, survival, bone resorption activ... Bone journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3274431 Fri, 04 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3274431 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3274463&cid=s_34570_31_f&fid=34570&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.elsevierhealth.com%2Fperiodicals%2Fbon%2Farticle%2FPIIS8756328209020213%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Intermittent Parathyroid Hormone (PTH)(1–34) has an established place in osteoporosis treatment, but also shows promising results in models of bone repair. Previous studies have been dominated by closed fracture models, where union is certain. One of the major clinical needs for anabolic therapies is the treatment of open and high energy fractures at risk of non-union. In the present study we therefore compared PTH(1–34) treatment in models of both open and closed fractures.108 male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to undergo standardized closed fractures or open osteotomies with periosteal stripping. 27 rats in each group were treated s.c. with PTH(1–34) at a dose of 50 μg/kg 5 days a week, the other 27 receiving saline. Specimens were harvested at 6 weeks for mechan... Bone journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3274463 Wed, 02 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3274463 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3274462&cid=s_34570_31_f&fid=34570&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.elsevierhealth.com%2Fperiodicals%2Fbon%2Farticle%2FPIIS8756328209020171%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes In conclusion, the BMP signaling pathway is primarily activated during fracture healing via endochondral ossification, suggesting that this pathway may influence the mode of healing during the recruitment of skeletal progenitors. (Source: Bone) Bone journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3274462 Mon, 30 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3274462 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3274450&cid=s_34570_31_f&fid=34570&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.elsevierhealth.com%2Fperiodicals%2Fbon%2Farticle%2FPIIS8756328209020043%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Calcium and vitamin D are essential for bone growth; milk is an appropriate vehicle to be fortified with calcium, vitamin D and other minerals. The purpose of the current study was to compare the effect of supplementing with a high calcium milk drink with added vitamin D, magnesium and zinc (HCM) versus a placebo drink on serum parathyroid hormone (PTH) and vitamin D status as well as markers of bone formation/resorption in postmenopausal women living in South East Asia (Jakarta, Indonesia and Manila, the Philippines) over a period of 4 months. Calcium intake at baseline was 237 mg (median; 176–316, interquartile range) for Indonesia and 353 mg (median; 222–480, interquartile range) for the Filipino women per day. Fortified milk supplementation reduced the percentage of women... Bone journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3274450 Mon, 30 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3274450 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3274460&cid=s_34570_31_f&fid=34570&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.elsevierhealth.com%2Fperiodicals%2Fbon%2Farticle%2FPIIS8756328209020031%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Collagen has an important structural function in several organs of the body, especially in bone and cartilage. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of hydrolyzed collagen on bone metabolism, especially in the perspective of osteoporosis treatment and understanding of its mechanism of action. An in vivo study was carried out in  12-week-old female C3H/HeN mice. These were either ovariectomized (OVX) or sham-operated (SHAM) and fed for 12 weeks with a diet containing 10 or 25 g/kg of hydrolyzed collagen. We measured bone mineral density (BMD) using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (CTX), marker of bone resorption, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP), marker of bone formation, were assayed after 4 and 12 weeks. Femur bio... Bone journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3274460 Fri, 27 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3274460 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3274443&cid=s_34570_31_f&fid=34570&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.elsevierhealth.com%2Fperiodicals%2Fbon%2Farticle%2FPIIS8756328209020067%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Compounds, like beta-aminopropionitrile (bAPN) and homocysteine (hcys), are known to inhibit a stable matrix formation. Osteoblast-synthesized collagen matrix regulates the differentiation of precursor cells into mature osteoblasts. They express lysyl oxidase, an enzyme involved in the collagen cross-linking process. Lately, plasma hcys levels have recently been strongly correlated with fracture in humans. We have previously shown that bAPN not only disturbs collagen cross-links but also affects osteoblastic differentiation in a cell culture system.The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of bAPN and hcys on collagen cross-links and gene expression at the mRNA level by FTIR and quantitative RT-PCR, respectively. We found that bAPN and hcys down-regulated cell m... Bone journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3274443 Fri, 27 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3274443 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3274437&cid=s_34570_31_f&fid=34570&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.elsevierhealth.com%2Fperiodicals%2Fbon%2Farticle%2FPIIS8756328209019875%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Conclusion: The use of AIs appears to lead to lower HSA-derived BMD and hip structural indices as compared to women on no or non-AI therapy in chemotherapy-induced postmenopausal breast cancer patients. Preventive therapy with once weekly oral risedronate maintains structural, skeletal integrity independently of the use of or type of adjuvant therapy. (Source: Bone) Bone journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3274437 Fri, 27 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3274437 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3274433&cid=s_34570_31_f&fid=34570&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.elsevierhealth.com%2Fperiodicals%2Fbon%2Farticle%2FPIIS8756328209019929%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes In conclusion, our studies show for the first time that 1,25(OH)2D3 strongly accelerates expression of genes involved in differentiation of hMSCs and, moreover, identify c-MYC as a novel regulator of osteogenesis. (Source: Bone) Bone journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3274433 Fri, 27 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3274433 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3274451&cid=s_34570_31_f&fid=34570&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.elsevierhealth.com%2Fperiodicals%2Fbon%2Farticle%2FPIIS8756328209020018%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Evaluation of osteoporotic vertebral fracture risk is currently based on measurement of bone mineral density (BMD), but bone strength depends also on bone quality parameters. Aim of this study was to evaluate the validity of a new vertebral morphometric index, the Anterior Vertebral Heights sum (AHs) in discriminating women at high risk of vertebral fracture, comparing its diagnostic accuracy with that of BMD measured at lumbar spine (LS-BMD) and femoral neck (FN-BMD).Materials and methods: A total of 163 Caucasian post-menopausal women (age range 46–74 years, mean age±SD=63.8±7.1 years), who did not present prevalent fractures at baseline evaluation, were observed at longitudinal follow-up. X-ray of the thoracic and lumbar spine, LS-BMD and FN-BMD measurements were obtaine... Bone journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3274451 Thu, 26 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3274451 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3274445&cid=s_34570_31_f&fid=34570&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.elsevierhealth.com%2Fperiodicals%2Fbon%2Farticle%2FPIIS8756328209020109%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Osteoclasts are responsible for bone erosion in diseases as diverse as osteoporosis, periodontitis, and rheumatoid arthritis. Natural plant-derived products have received recent attention as potential therapeutic and preventative drugs in human disease. The effect of rotenone in RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation was examined in this study. Rotenone inhibited RANKL-mediated osteoclast differentiation in bone marrow macrophages (BMMs) in a dose-dependent manner without any evidence of cytotoxicity. The mRNA expression of c-Fos, NFATc1, TRAP, and OSCAR in RANKL-treated BMMs was inhibited by rotenone treatment. Rotenone strongly inhibited p38 and ERK phosphorylation and I-κB degradation in RANKL-stimulated BMMs, and did not inhibit JNK phosphorylation. Further, RANKL-induced ... Bone journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3274445 Thu, 26 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3274445 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3274436&cid=s_34570_31_f&fid=34570&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.elsevierhealth.com%2Fperiodicals%2Fbon%2Farticle%2FPIIS8756328209020080%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Introduction: Bisphosphonates have been shown to reduce osteoclastic activity and enhance pin fixation in both experimental and clinical studies. In this prospective, randomized study of high tibial osteotomy using the hemicallotasis (HCO) technique, we evaluate whether treatment by one single infusion of zoledronic acid can enhance the pin fixation.Materials and methods: 46 consecutive patients (35–65 years) were operated on for knee osteoarthritis by the HCO technique. After the osteotomy, two hydroxyapatite-coated pins were inserted in the metaphyseal bone and two non-coated pins in the diaphyseal bone. The insertion torque was measured by a torque force screw driver. Four weeks postoperatively, the patients were randomized to either one infusion of zoledronic acid or sodiu... Bone journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3274436 Thu, 26 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3274436 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3274435&cid=s_34570_31_f&fid=34570&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.elsevierhealth.com%2Fperiodicals%2Fbon%2Farticle%2FPIIS875632820902002X%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Conclusion: A single injection of clinically relevant dosing regimens of zoledronic acid may not have a notable impact on vascularization in bone sites. The anti-angiogenic effect of bisphosphonates seems to express itself, in our model, at higher doses than those used in patients treated for osteoporosis. (Source: Bone) Bone journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3274435 Thu, 26 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3274435 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3274430&cid=s_34570_31_f&fid=34570&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.elsevierhealth.com%2Fperiodicals%2Fbon%2Farticle%2FPIIS8756328209020110%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: There is evidence to suggest accelerated bone loss following estrogen cessation. The effect of cessation of raloxifene therapy on bone turnover is unknown. Our aim was to determine the effect of cessation of raloxifene treatment on bone turnover and bone mineral density (BMD) in postmenopausal, osteopenic women. Women aged 50 to 80 years received raloxifene for 96 weeks and were then randomized to continue raloxifene (group 1, n=20) or placebo (group 2, n=20) for a further 96 weeks. A third group (group 3, n=14) received no treatment. Bone turnover markers and bone density (BMD) were measured throughout the study. Raloxifene treatment for 96 weeks resulted in a decrease in bone turnover (PINP by 31%) and an increase in spine BMD (by 2%) but no change in hip BMD for groups 1 a... Bone journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3274430 Thu, 26 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3274430 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3274429&cid=s_34570_31_f&fid=34570&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.elsevierhealth.com%2Fperiodicals%2Fbon%2Farticle%2FPIIS875632820901998X%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes This study investigated whether DKK1 was linked to the occurrence of ONFH. Thirty-nine patients with various stages of ONFH were recruited. Bone specimens were harvested from 34 ONFH patients underwent hip arthroplasty, and from 10 femoral neck fracture patients. Bad, Bcl2 TNFα, DKK1, Wnt3a, LRP5, and Axin1 expressions were analyzed by quantitative RT-PCR and ELISA. Apoptotic cells were assayed using terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate-biotin nick end-labelling (TUNEL). Primary bone-marrow mesenchymal cells were treated with DKK1 RNA interference and recombinant DKK1 protein. ONFH patients with the histories of being administrated corticosteroids and excessive alcohol consumption had significantly higher Bad and DKK1 mRNA expressions in bone tissue and... Bone journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3274429 Fri, 20 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3274429 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3274452&cid=s_34570_31_f&fid=34570&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.elsevierhealth.com%2Fperiodicals%2Fbon%2Farticle%2FPIIS8756328209020092%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Few studies have examined the effects of leisure physical activity (PA) participation on bone mass and geometry in postmenopausal women using peripheral quantitative computed tomography (pQCT). The purpose of this study was to determine associations between leisure PA participation and bone mass and geometry at the radius and tibia in a Canadian cohort of healthy postmenopausal women (n=234, mean age 62 years). Leisure PA participation was assessed using the Minnesota Leisure Time Physical Activity Questionnaire and by generating a total activity score (TAS, mean=105, range=0–840). Bone mass and geometry at the distal and midshaft sites of the non-dominant radius and tibia were measured using pQCT. Associations between TAS and bone mass and geometry variables were determined us... Bone journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3274452 Thu, 19 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3274452 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3274448&cid=s_34570_31_f&fid=34570&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.elsevierhealth.com%2Fperiodicals%2Fbon%2Farticle%2FPIIS8756328209019991%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Discussion: Low-normal TSH values are associated with high prevalence of vertebral fractures in women with post-menopausal osteoporosis or osteopenia, independently of thyroid hormones, age and BMD. (Source: Bone) Bone journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3274448 Thu, 19 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3274448 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3274440&cid=s_34570_31_f&fid=34570&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.elsevierhealth.com%2Fperiodicals%2Fbon%2Farticle%2FPIIS8756328209019863%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Introduction: Distraction osteogenesis (DO) is a unique postnatal bone formation process, which is characterized by a profuse increase in vascularization. Recently endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) have been reported to circulate in substantial numbers under physiologic conditions and to contribute to bone regeneration. The authors investigated EPC mobilization in patients undergoing limb lengthening.Materials and methods: Thirteen of 24 consecutive patients who underwent limb-lengthening procedures on weight-bearing long bones (femur and tibia) were included in this study. Peripheral blood samples were taken at four different time points from each patient, that is, before operation (pre-Op), 2 or 3 days after osteotomy (early-PO), before the start of distraction (pre-Dist), a... Bone journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3274440 Thu, 19 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3274440 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3274459&cid=s_34570_31_f&fid=34570&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.elsevierhealth.com%2Fperiodicals%2Fbon%2Farticle%2FPIIS8756328209020055%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes In conclusion, the BMDD data show that CRTAP deficiency results in a shift towards higher mineral content of the bone matrix similar to classical OI with collagen gene mutations. Our data further suggest altered mineralization kinetics resulting ultimately in an overall elevated tissue mineralization density. Finally, in OI type VII patients the increased portion of primary bone is most likely reflecting a disturbed bone development. (Source: Bone) Bone journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3274459 Wed, 18 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3274459 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3274444&cid=s_34570_31_f&fid=34570&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.elsevierhealth.com%2Fperiodicals%2Fbon%2Farticle%2FPIIS8756328209020079%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Periosteal expansion is a recognized response to androgen exposure during bone development and in profoundly hypogonadal adults. However, androgen also suppresses endocortical bone formation, indicating that its effects on bone are dichotomous and envelope-specific. In fact, enhanced androgen signaling has been shown to have dramatic detrimental effects on whole bone biomechanical properties in two different transgenic models with skeletally targeted androgen receptor (AR) overexpression. As the mechanisms underlying this response are uncharacterized, we compared patterns of gene expression in periosteum-free cortical bone samples derived from AR-overexpressing transgenic male mice and their wild-type counterparts. We then assessed direct androgen effects in both wild-type and AR... Bone journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3274444 Wed, 18 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3274444 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3195860&cid=s_34570_31_f&fid=34570&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.elsevierhealth.com%2Fperiodicals%2Fbon%2Farticle%2FPIIS8756328209019784%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes In conclusion, bisphosphonate-treated rabbits have a stronger regenerate during distraction, and directly after removal of the fixator. They do not develop disuse osteopenia in their lengthened tibia. This treatment may shorten the time in the external fixator and prevent fragility fractures in the treated extremity. However, its long-term safety has not yet been established. (Source: Bone) Bone journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3195860 Wed, 18 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3195860 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3274457&cid=s_34570_31_f&fid=34570&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.elsevierhealth.com%2Fperiodicals%2Fbon%2Farticle%2FPIIS8756328209019954%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Chronic alcohol abuse is an established risk factor for osteoporosis. However, the precise mechanisms for the bone loss are largely unknown. Alcohol decreases skeletal expression of insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I), an important growth hormone (GH)-regulated skeletal growth factor. Therefore, we investigated the effects of alcohol on the skeletal response to GH in male Sprague–Dawley rats made GH-deficient by hypophysectomy (HYPOX). Four groups of sexually mature (3-month-old) rats were studied: pituitary-intact (control), HYPOX, HYPOX + GH, and HYPOX + alcohol + GH. All animals were transferred to a liquid diet 6 days following surgery. The alcohol-fed group was adapted to a graded increase in alcohol beginning 11 days following surgery. GH or vehicle was administered duri... Bone journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3274457 Mon, 16 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3274457 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3274434&cid=s_34570_31_f&fid=34570&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.elsevierhealth.com%2Fperiodicals%2Fbon%2Farticle%2FPIIS8756328209019899%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Loading-related changes in gene expression in resident cells in the tibia of female mice in the contexts of normality (WT), estrogen deficiency (WT-OVX), absence of estrogen receptor α (ERα−/−) and disuse due to sciatic neurectomy (WT-SN) were established by microarray. Total RNA was extracted from loaded and contra-lateral non-loaded tibiae at selected time points after a single, short period of dynamic loading sufficient to engender an osteogenic response. There were marked changes in the expression of many genes according to context as well as in response to loading within those contexts. In WT mice at 3, 8, 12 and 24 h after loading the expression of 642, 341, 171 and 24 genes, respectively, were differentially regulated compared with contra-lateral bones which were no... Bone journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3274434 Mon, 16 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3274434 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3195862&cid=s_34570_31_f&fid=34570&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.elsevierhealth.com%2Fperiodicals%2Fbon%2Farticle%2FPIIS8756328209019723%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Traditionally, it is believed that structural failure of the ischemic epiphysis as well as changes in radiodensity seen in the early stage of Legg–Calvé–Perthes disease is due to the repair process. However, little is known if matrix properties are altered following ischemic injury of the juvenile femoral head. The purpose of this study was to determine the matrix mineralization density, an important determinant of material quality and strength, of the proximal femoral epiphysis in an experimental animal model of Perthes disease.Ten piglets were surgically induced with femoral head ischemia and euthanized at 4 and 8 weeks following surgery. Contralateral, unoperated femoral heads were used as controls. Bone and calcified cartilage mineralization density distribution paramet... Bone journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3195862 Mon, 16 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3195862 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3113324&cid=s_34570_31_f&fid=34570&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.elsevierhealth.com%2Fperiodicals%2Fbon%2Farticle%2FPIIS8756328209019942%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Daily mechanical loading strongly influences the architecture and composition of bone tissue. Throughout the day, the amplitudes, rates, frequencies, and the dispersion over time of these loads vary. Nevertheless, most experimental and descriptive studies on the aforementioned relationship consider only cyclic loading and, in addition, focus on weight-bearing bones. A more complete assessment of the daily loading of bone might lead to a better understanding of the natural everyday stimulus for bone maintenance or adaptive responses. In the present study, we measured the daily habitual strain history of the non-weight-bearing mandible bone in the rabbit. Long-term continuous strain recordings were made using an implantable telemetry device able to read out bone-bonded strain gauge... Bone journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3113324 Mon, 16 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3113324 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3113303&cid=s_34570_31_f&fid=34570&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.elsevierhealth.com%2Fperiodicals%2Fbon%2Farticle%2FPIIS8756328209019930%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: We have previously shown that transient paralysis of murine hindlimb muscles causes profound degradation of both trabecular and cortical bone in the adjacent skeleton within 3 weeks. Morphologically, the acute loss of bone tissue appeared to arise primarily due to osteoclastic bone resorption. Given that the loss of muscle function in this model is transient, we speculated that the stimulus for osteoclastic activation would be rapid and morphologic evidence of bone resorption would appear before 21 days. We therefore utilized high-resolution in vivo serial micro-CT to assess longitudinal alterations in lower hindlimb muscle volume, proximal tibia trabecular, and tibia mid-diaphysis cortical bone morphology in 16-week-old female C57 mice following transient calf paralysis from a s... Bone journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3113303 Mon, 16 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3113303 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3113329&cid=s_34570_31_f&fid=34570&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.elsevierhealth.com%2Fperiodicals%2Fbon%2Farticle%2FPIIS8756328209019802%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes We examined the effect of inducers of HO-1 expression and inhibitors of HO activity on MSC differentiation to the osteoblast and adipocyte lineage. HO-1 expression is increased during osteoblast stem cell development but remains elevated at 25 days. The increase in HO-1 levels precedes an increase in alkaline phosphatase (AP) activity and an increase in BMP, osteonectin and RUNX-2 mRNA. Induction of HO-1 by osteogenic growth peptide (OGP) was associated with an increase in BMP-2 and osteonectin. Exposure of MSC to high glucose levels decreased osteocalcin and osteogenic protein expression, which was reversed by upregulation of the OGP-mediated increase in HO-1 expression. The glucose-mediated decrease in HO-1 resulted in decreased levels of pAMPK, pAKT and the eNOS signaling pathway and w... Bone journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3113329 Thu, 12 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3113329 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3113325&cid=s_34570_31_f&fid=34570&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.elsevierhealth.com%2Fperiodicals%2Fbon%2Farticle%2FPIIS8756328209019917%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: The suppressive effects of bisphosphonates (BPs) on bone remodeling are clear yet there is conflicting data concerning the effects of BPs on modeling (specifically formation modeling on the periosteal surface). The normal periosteal expansion that occurs during aging has significant benefits to maintaining/improving the bones' mechanical properties and thus it is important to understand whether BPs affect this bone surface. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the effects of BPs on periosteal bone formation modeling induced by ovariectomy (OVX) and mechanical loading. Six-month-old Sprague–Dawley OVX rats (n=60; 12/group) were administered vehicle, risedronate, alendronate, or zoledronate at doses used clinically for treatment of post-menopausal osteoporosis. T... Bone journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3113325 Wed, 11 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3113325 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3195879&cid=s_34570_31_f&fid=34570&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.elsevierhealth.com%2Fperiodicals%2Fbon%2Farticle%2FPIIS8756328209019735%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes This study demonstrates for the first time that relaxin is a potent stimulator of osteoclastogenesis from hematopoietic precursors and regulates the activity of mature osteoclasts, opening new perspectives on the role of this hormone in bone physiology, diseases and metastasis. (Source: Bone) Bone journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3195879 Mon, 09 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3195879 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3195858&cid=s_34570_31_f&fid=34570&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.elsevierhealth.com%2Fperiodicals%2Fbon%2Farticle%2FPIIS8756328209019644%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: For understanding the fracture risk of vertebral bodies the macroscopic mechanical properties of the cancellous core are of major interest. Due to the hierarchical nature of bone, these depend in turn on the micromechanical properties of bone extracellular matrix which is at least linear elastic transverse isotropic. The experimental determination of local elastic properties of bone ex vivo necessitates a high spatial resolution which can be provided by depth-sensing indentation techniques. Using microindentation, this study investigated the effects of rehydration on the transverse isotropic elastic properties of vertebral trabecular bone matrix obtained from two orthogonal directions with a view to microanatomical location, age, gender, vertebral level and anatomic direction in ... Bone journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3195858 Mon, 09 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3195858 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3195851&cid=s_34570_31_f&fid=34570&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.elsevierhealth.com%2Fperiodicals%2Fbon%2Farticle%2FPIIS8756328209019711%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Bone mass is a key determinant of fracture risk. Maximizing bone mineral mass during childhood and adolescence may contribute to fracture risk reduction during adolescence and possibly in the elderly. Although more than 60% of the variance of peak bone mass (PBM), the amount of bone present in the skeleton at the end of its maturation process, is genetically determined, the remainder is likely influenced by factors amenable to positive intervention, such as adequate dietary intake of dairy products as a natural source of calcium and proteins, vitamin D, and regular weight-bearing physical activity. Low calcium and vitamin D intakes are associated with negative effects on bone, including suboptimal PBM acquisition. As suggested by intervention studies, regular intake of dairy prod... Bone journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3195851 Mon, 09 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3195851 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3113328&cid=s_34570_31_f&fid=34570&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.elsevierhealth.com%2Fperiodicals%2Fbon%2Farticle%2FPIIS8756328209019826%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes In conclusion, our findings provide evidence that osteoarthritic chondrocytes affect subchondral bone osteoblast metabolism via an ERK1/2 dependent pathway. (Source: Bone) Bone journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3113328 Mon, 09 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3113328 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3113327&cid=s_34570_31_f&fid=34570&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.elsevierhealth.com%2Fperiodicals%2Fbon%2Farticle%2FPIIS8756328209019838%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes This study indicates that bone quantity and bone quality play important compensatory roles in determining fracture risk. (Source: Bone) Bone journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3113327 Mon, 09 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3113327 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3113326&cid=s_34570_31_f&fid=34570&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.elsevierhealth.com%2Fperiodicals%2Fbon%2Farticle%2FPIIS8756328209019851%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: To render a diagnosis pediatricians rely upon reference standards for bone mineral density or bone mineral content, which are based on cross-sectional data from a relatively small sample of children. These standards are unable to adequately represent growth in a diverse pediatric population. Thus, the goal of this study was to develop sex and site-specific standards for BMC using longitudinal data collected from four international sites in Canada and the United States. Data from four studies were combined; Saskatchewan Paediatric Bone Mineral Accrual Study (n=251), UBC Healthy Bones Study (n=382); Penn State Young Women's Health Study (n=112) and Stanford's Bone Mineral Accretion study (n=423). Males and females (8 to 25 years) were measured for whole body (WB), total proximal fe... Bone journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3113326 Mon, 09 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3113326 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3113304&cid=s_34570_31_f&fid=34570&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.elsevierhealth.com%2Fperiodicals%2Fbon%2Farticle%2FPIIS875632820901984X%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes We examined the timing and magnitude of changes in muscle cross-sectional area (MCSA) and bone architecture in response to muscle inactivity following botulinum toxin (BTX) injection. We hypothesized that MCSA would return to baseline levels sooner than bone properties following BTX injection.Female BALB mice (15 weeks old) were injected with 20 μL of BTX (1 U/100 g body mass, n=18) or saline (SAL, n=18) into the posterior calf musculature of one limb. The contralateral limb (CON) served as an internal control. MCSA and bone properties were assessed at baseline, 2, 4, 8, 12, and 16 weeks post-injection using in vivo micro-CT at the tibia proximal metaphysis (bone only) and diaphysis. Muscles were dissected and weighed after sacrifice.Significant Group×Leg×Time interactions indicated t... Bone journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3113304 Mon, 09 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3113304 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3195857&cid=s_34570_31_f&fid=34570&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.elsevierhealth.com%2Fperiodicals%2Fbon%2Farticle%2FPIIS8756328209019656%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: It has been suggested that age-related deterioration in trabecular microarchitecture and changes in collagen cross-link concentrations may contribute to skeletal fragility. To further explore this hypothesis, we determined the relationships among trabecular bone volume fraction (BV/TV), microarchitecture, collagen cross-link content, and bone turnover in human vertebral trabecular bone. Trabecular bone specimens from L2 vertebrae were collected from 51 recently deceased donors (54–95 years of age; 20 men and 30 women). Trabecular bone volume and microarchitecture was assessed by microCT and bone formation, reflected by osteoid surface (OS/BS, %), was measured by 2D histomorphometry. Pyridinoline (PYD), deoxypyridinoline (DPD), pentosidine (PEN) and collagen content in the cance... Bone journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3195857 Fri, 06 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3195857 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3195846&cid=s_34570_31_f&fid=34570&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.elsevierhealth.com%2Fperiodicals%2Fbon%2Farticle%2FPIIS875632820901970X%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: The International Society for Fracture Repair convened a multidisciplinary workshop to assess the current evidence around the interaction between anti-osteoporosis drugs and the healing of incident fractures, with a view to making recommendations for clinical practice. The consensus was that there is no evidence-based reason to withhold anti-resorptive therapy while a fracture heals, whether or not the patient was taking such therapy when the fracture occurred. The workshop also considered existing models of service provision for secondary prevention and concluded that the essential ingredient for reliable delivery is the inclusion of a dedicated coordinator role. Several unresolved issues were defined as subjects for further research, including the question of whether continuous... Bone journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3195846 Thu, 05 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3195846 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3113330&cid=s_34570_31_f&fid=34570&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.elsevierhealth.com%2Fperiodicals%2Fbon%2Farticle%2FPIIS8756328209019796%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes In conclusion, in this study we provide evidence of an association between the age-related decline in IGF-I with the progressive decrease in bone formation markers in premenopausal women. (Source: Bone) Bone journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3113330 Thu, 05 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3113330 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3195861&cid=s_34570_31_f&fid=34570&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.elsevierhealth.com%2Fperiodicals%2Fbon%2Farticle%2FPIIS8756328209019772%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Loading of the rat ulna is an ideal model to examine stress fracture healing. The aim of this study was to undertake a detailed examination of the histology, histomorphometry and gene expression of the healing and remodelling process initiated by fatigue loading of the rat ulna. Ulnae were harvested 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 weeks following creation of a stress fracture. Stress fracture healing involved direct remodelling that progressed along the fracture line as well as woven bone proliferation at the site of the fracture. Histomorphometry demonstrated rapid progression of basic multicellular units from 1 to 4 weeks with significant slowing down of healing by 10 weeks after loading. Quantitative PCR was performed at 4 hours, 24 hours, 4 days, 7 days, and 14 days after loadi... Bone journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3195861 Mon, 02 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3195861 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3195856&cid=s_34570_31_f&fid=34570&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.elsevierhealth.com%2Fperiodicals%2Fbon%2Farticle%2FPIIS8756328209019693%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Background: During childhood and adolescence, bone mass and lean body mass (LBM) increase till a plateau is reached. In this longitudinal and cross-sectional study, the age of reaching the plateau was evaluated for lumbar spine and total body bone mass measurements and lean body mass. The association between fractures and bone mineral density (BMD) was studied.Patients and methods: We included 501 healthy participants, 141 males and 360 females, aged 13–29 years. Of these 90 had participated in a previous longitudinal study of 444 participants, aged 4–20 years (for the first measurement) and 198 participants, aged 8–25 years (for a second measurement). BMD and body composition were measured with dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Volumetric BMD (bone mineral apparen... Bone journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3195856 Mon, 02 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3195856 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3195855&cid=s_34570_31_f&fid=34570&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.elsevierhealth.com%2Fperiodicals%2Fbon%2Farticle%2FPIIS8756328209019747%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Introduction: We studied whether vigorous physical activity in young adulthood is associated with higher femoral bone density and lower risk of hip fracture at older age in men.Materials: A cohort of former male elite athletes (n=2147) and matched control subjects (n=1467) were studied for their leisure physical activity, and for fragility fractures at the hip (proximal femur) by Cox regression. Areal bone mineral densities (aBMD) at femoral neck and trochanter region were measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry in a subgroup of the former athletes (n=87; median age 59 years) and in a population-based control group (n=194) and compared by general linear models.Results: After their active sporting careers, the former athletes participated in leisure physical activity more ... Bone journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3195855 Mon, 02 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3195855 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3195864&cid=s_34570_31_f&fid=34570&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.elsevierhealth.com%2Fperiodicals%2Fbon%2Farticle%2FPIIS8756328209019383%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Injuries to the marrow cavity result in rapid endosteal bone formation followed by remodeling and regeneration of the marrow. It is not known whether this process is affected by age, although marrow quality is markedly different in young and old animals. To test if marrow regeneration differs with age, we used a bone marrow ablation model that has been used to examine calcification, osteointegration of metal implants, and remodeling of bone graft substitutes. Marrow was ablated in the left tibia of seven immunocompromised rats (rNu/rNu) per time point. At 0, 7, 14, 21, 28, 35 and 42 days post-surgery, treated and contralateral tibias were harvested and fixed in buffered formalin. Both tibias were scanned using microCT and trabecular and cortical BVF calculated. Mid-sagittal hist... Bone journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3195864 Fri, 30 Oct 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3195864 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2936995&cid=s_34570_31_f&fid=34570&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.elsevierhealth.com%2Fperiodicals%2Fbon%2Farticle%2FPIIS875632820901878X%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Obesity and osteoporosis share a common cell progenitor. High adipocyte count in bone marrow is directly related to bone loss, as fat cells replace osteoblasts. We investigated long-term intake effect of normal calcium (Ca) diets—with different fat content—on body composition and bone mineral content (BMC), in healthy rats. At weaning (21 days), female Wistar rats (n=30) were randomly assigned one of the following 3 groups (n=10 each). G1 was sacrificed in order to get basal values (P0); G2 and G3 were fed ad libitum one of the two isocaloric diets (A; fat=7% wt./wt. or B; fat=15% wt./wt.). Mothers (M1A and M1B) were mated and mothers (M1A and M1B) and pups (P1A and P1B) were evaluated at weaning. At day 70, 20 rats from P1A and P1B (M2A and M2B, respectively) were mated and mothers (... Bone journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2936995 Thu, 29 Oct 2009 14:54:16 +0100 2936995 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2936994&cid=s_34570_31_f&fid=34570&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.elsevierhealth.com%2Fperiodicals%2Fbon%2Farticle%2FPIIS8756328209018778%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes In a previous work we have demonstrated that menadione (MEN) inhibits intestinal Ca2+ absorption by mitochondrial dysfunction, as a consequence of oxidative stress generated via glutathione depletion (GSH) and alteration of inner mitochondrial membrane, which leads to cytochrome c release and DNA fragmentation (Marchionatti et al., Biochim Biophys Acta 2008). Afterwards, we have observed that quercetin (QT) protects the enterocyte against oxidative stress caused by MEN, maintaining the intactness of the glutathione (GSH) content and the enzyme activity of GSH peroxidase (GPX) (Marchionatti et al., Bone 2008). The aim of this study was to elucidate the apoptotic mechanisms through which QT restores the intestinal function altered by MEN. Four week old chicks were employed; their intestinal ... Bone journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2936994 Thu, 29 Oct 2009 14:54:15 +0100 2936994 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2936993&cid=s_34570_31_f&fid=34570&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.elsevierhealth.com%2Fperiodicals%2Fbon%2Farticle%2FPIIS8756328209018766%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Sacral fractures are relatively rare and can constitute a debilitating condition causing low back pain. The etiology is diverse: sacral insufficiency type fractures in elder osteoporotic people, fatigue fractures in young active individuals, metastasis and consequent irradiation therapy in gynaecological malignancies. We hereby describe 2 cases: (a) a 64-year-old woman suffering osteopenia who is under treatment with calcium tablets. She reported lower back pain and difficulty walking in the absence of trauma. Plain radiographs showed a linear fracture in the alae sacrum, while bone scinthigraphic 99mTc methylene disposphonate showed linear pattern uptake, suggesting osteolitic lesion. She had suffered breast adenocarcinoma 14 years earlier. We decided to perform bone biopsy and the patho... Bone journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2936993 Thu, 29 Oct 2009 14:54:15 +0100 2936993 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2936992&cid=s_34570_31_f&fid=34570&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.elsevierhealth.com%2Fperiodicals%2Fbon%2Farticle%2FPIIS8756328209018754%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes In this study we hypothesized that atherogenic diets could alter bone remodeling in mandible. Male weanling Wistar rats (n=11), randomly divided into control (C) and experimental (E). C received rodent stock diet (pellets) and E, atherogenic diet (pellets+saturated fatty acids+cholesterol) for 7 weeks (Tf), monitoring anthropometry and diet intake. At Tf, blood (mg/dL) lipid–lipoprotein atherogenic profile: total cholesterol (T-cho), triglycerides (TG), high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-cho), HDL-non-cholesterol (n-HDL-cho). Dissected hemimandibles, fixed in buffered formalin–PBS 10%, decalcified in EDTA (pH 7.2), embedded in paraffin for mesio-distal oriented sections of first mandibular molar, stained with hematoxylin–eosin, where histomorphometric bone volume (BV) was mea... Bone journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2936992 Thu, 29 Oct 2009 14:54:14 +0100 2936992 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2936991&cid=s_34570_31_f&fid=34570&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.elsevierhealth.com%2Fperiodicals%2Fbon%2Farticle%2FPIIS8756328209018742%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Connexin (Cx) 43 expression in osteoblasts is necessary for the cAMP-mediated anti-apoptotic effect of parathyroid hormone (PTH) in vitro and for bone anabolism induced by the hormone in vivo. We found that PTH response in osteoblastic cells silenced for Cx43 using shRNA was restored by expressing wild type Cx43 or a Cx43 mutant unable to form gap junctions, but not by Cx43 mutants lacking the C-terminus tail (Cx43D245) or unable to be phosphorylated at Ser368 (Cx43S368A). These results indicate that channel activity is not required whereas phosphorylation of Ser368 is indispensable for survival by PTH. We have previously shown that β-arrestin, a protein that interacts with PTH receptor (PTHR) reducing intracellular signaling downstream of cAMP, also associates with Cx43 in osteoblastic c... Bone journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2936991 Thu, 29 Oct 2009 14:54:14 +0100 2936991 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2936990&cid=s_34570_31_f&fid=34570&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.elsevierhealth.com%2Fperiodicals%2Fbon%2Farticle%2FPIIS8756328209018730%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Conclusion: Based on the results obtained, there is a high Ca deficiency in the studied group with dietary and lifestyle habits that would affect oral health and, in the future, skeleton status. A nutrition education would benefit the nutritional status and would improve life quality of subjects. (Source: Bone) Bone journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2936990 Thu, 29 Oct 2009 14:54:14 +0100 2936990 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2936989&cid=s_34570_31_f&fid=34570&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.elsevierhealth.com%2Fperiodicals%2Fbon%2Farticle%2FPIIS8756328209018729%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Duchenne/Becker muscular dystrophy (DMD/BMD) is an X-linked disease caused by mutations in the dystrophin gene at Xp21 and therefore affects males. In these males, lower bone mineral content and lean mass, and higher fat mass, have been found by several methods, including dual x-ray absorptiometry (DXA). While women are carriers, subtle biochemical and structural alterations have been reported in them (e.g., elevation of serum creatine phosphokinase and muscle weakness). Aiming to assess whether DXA might be used for screening women with suspected DMD/BMD carrier status, whole body scans (GE Lunar Prodigy) were performed in eight known carriers and eight healthy women matched by age. Three carriers had 2 affected sons each. The other five women had one affected son each, and their carrier ... Bone journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2936989 Thu, 29 Oct 2009 14:54:14 +0100 2936989 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2936988&cid=s_34570_31_f&fid=34570&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.elsevierhealth.com%2Fperiodicals%2Fbon%2Farticle%2FPIIS8756328209018717%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes There is a relationship between some polymorphic sites of the vitamin D receptor and the estrogen receptor genes, and bone mineral density (BMD). The goal of this report is to show this relationship in three members of one family. Patient PC is a 28-year-old male, BMI 19.2 kg/m2. He smokes 10 cigarettes/d. He sustained five peripheral fractures between the ages of 8 and 20 years. When he was 23, radiographs taken for a pre-occupational examination showed osteopenia. Bone densitometry (DXA) showed T-scores of −3.3 (spine) and −3.4 (femur). Causes of secondary osteoporosis were ruled out. Treatment with oral strontium ranelate has been started. Patient LB is a 53-year-old housewife, 3 years postmenopausal, without past history of fractures. Osteoporosis was diagnosed at the age of 50 a... Bone journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2936988 Thu, 29 Oct 2009 14:54:14 +0100 2936988 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2936987&cid=s_34570_31_f&fid=34570&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.elsevierhealth.com%2Fperiodicals%2Fbon%2Farticle%2FPIIS8756328209018705%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes X-linked Hipophosphatemic rickets (Rk) and osteomalacia (Om) is a familiar dominant inheritance disease (PHEX gene mutation) that begin in childhood. Recent studies show sporadic forms and late manifestations. A clinical sporadic case of late onset will be described: A 35 year old Paraguayan woman had bone pains in both hips since her first childbirth (22 years old) and progress after the 2nd delivery. She has no family history of Rk or Om. Hips screw was fixed in both femurs. At physical examination: weight, 70 kg; height, 1.60 m; BMI, 27.3. Inferior limbs are shortened (L), in abduction (R). She had “duck-like” gait and pain at superior limbs. The complementary studies shown: (1) Rx: Looser's zone in right fibula and humerus, Fx ileopectineal branches. (2) Bone scintigram with hyperc... Bone journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2936987 Thu, 29 Oct 2009 14:54:14 +0100 2936987 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2936986&cid=s_34570_31_f&fid=34570&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.elsevierhealth.com%2Fperiodicals%2Fbon%2Farticle%2FPIIS8756328209018699%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes In recent years, food industries has demonstrated increased interest in food rich in high-oleic-acid sunflower oil (HOSO, ω9) made from sunflower oil (SO, ω6) to substitute trans-fatty acids. Diets containing HOSO are often promoted to treat nutritional hypercholesterolemia (NHC); however, there are limited data about the effect of this new source of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA; HOSO, ω9) on lipid profile and body mineral content (BMC). We performed the study in an experimental model of NH. Weaning male Wistar rats (n=34) were randomly assigned to one of 5 groups (C, Control; E, Experimental). All groups underwent an atherogenic diet (AD, pellets+saturated fat+cholesterin) for 3 weeks (T3), followed by 3 weeks (T6) of the following: C remained on AD; E1 and E2 replaced AD by HOS... Bone journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2936986 Thu, 29 Oct 2009 14:54:14 +0100 2936986 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2936985&cid=s_34570_31_f&fid=34570&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.elsevierhealth.com%2Fperiodicals%2Fbon%2Farticle%2FPIIS8756328209018687%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Osteoporosis and obesity are interrelated. We compare the effect of feeding different dietary Ca levels on body weight (BW) and composition and its relation to bone markers levels, in genetically modified obese (βO) rats during growth. Rats were mated and fed diets varying Ca content (g/100 g): high, 0.9 (GβH); normal, 0.5 (GβN); low, 0.2 (GβL). A Wistar group was run simultaneously (GCW) (fed according to AIN93). At weaning, male pups continued feeding the same diet till 50 days of age. Food consumption and BW were recorded. At the end of the experience, body composition, BAP, BGP, and CTX were determined. Results (mean±SD): Food intake was similar in all groups. BW was lower in GβH vs. N and H groups (162±18 vs. 217±31 and 221±37; p (Source: Bone) Bone journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2936985 Thu, 29 Oct 2009 14:54:12 +0100 2936985 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2936984&cid=s_34570_31_f&fid=34570&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.elsevierhealth.com%2Fperiodicals%2Fbon%2Farticle%2FPIIS8756328209018675%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Conclusion: relative hypocalciuria is probably not so an unusual finding in PHPT. PTH levels in our patients were higher than those reported in FHH, which suggests PHPT. This diagnosis was confirmed in two patients. The relationship between hypocalciuria and autoimmunity in P4 remains speculative. (Source: Bone) Bone journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2936984 Thu, 29 Oct 2009 14:54:10 +0100 2936984 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2936983&cid=s_34570_31_f&fid=34570&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.elsevierhealth.com%2Fperiodicals%2Fbon%2Farticle%2FPIIS8756328209018663%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Pseudohypoparathyroidism (PHP) is an hereditary disease characterized by hypocalcemia and hyperphosphatemia due to resistance to parathyroid hormone. Patients with PHP-Ia often present other hormone resistances and show a physical phenotype called Albright's hereditary osteodistrophy (AHO), brachydactyly, short stature, obesity, round face, mental retardation, and subcutaneous calcifications. We analyzed 13 patients (8 girls) with PHP. The age of beginning of the disease was variable: (X±SD) 4.7±4.4 years old (0.1–12.4). The age of consultation was 7.9.±3.9 years old (2.2–14). The mean Z-score of height was −0.11±1.5 (−2.66 to 2.30) and weight was 0.93± 1.93 (−1.51 to 4.7). Two patients had short stature. The body mass index Z-score was 2.2±2.0 (−0.60 to 5.59). Six pati... Bone journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2936983 Thu, 29 Oct 2009 14:54:10 +0100 2936983 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2936982&cid=s_34570_31_f&fid=34570&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.elsevierhealth.com%2Fperiodicals%2Fbon%2Farticle%2FPIIS8756328209018651%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Antiresorptive effects of bisphosphonates (BPs) have been extensively studied. However, in vivo data regarding the osteoclast (Oc) and other cells of the mononuclear phagocytic system (MPS) remains controversial. The aim of this work was to study Oc recruitment, number, morphology, and its association with the macrophage population in animals treated with two BPs: alendronate and olpadronate (Gador SA). Wistar rats were divided into three groups: ALN: received alendronate; OPD: received olpadronate; both in an i.p. dose of 0.3 mg/kg/wk during 5 weeks. The sham group received vehicle. All animals received 5-bromo-2-deoxyuridine i.p. (BrdU; 0.1 mg/g bw). Within each experimental group, animals were divided into sub-groups according the day of BrdU administration: day 28 or 34. After sacri... Bone journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2936982 Thu, 29 Oct 2009 14:54:10 +0100 2936982 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2936981&cid=s_34570_31_f&fid=34570&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.elsevierhealth.com%2Fperiodicals%2Fbon%2Farticle%2FPIIS875632820901864X%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Conclusions: NaF and MFP increased BV% as a consequence of the increase in Tn and Tt. In the case of NaF inflammation, fibrosis, disorganized, and immature bone were observed. This pattern was not present in MFP treated rats. At the cortical level, MFP increased the sectional area of femoral diaphysis. (Source: Bone) Bone journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2936981 Thu, 29 Oct 2009 14:54:09 +0100 2936981 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2936980&cid=s_34570_31_f&fid=34570&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.elsevierhealth.com%2Fperiodicals%2Fbon%2Farticle%2FPIIS8756328209018638%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes The objective of this work was the development of hypocalcemic models that avoid tetany. After PX, TPTX and ablation of one parathyroid gland (1/2PX), calcemia (before and 5 and 20 days after surgery), tetany, and survival were assessed. Results were expressed as mean±SEM and differences were considered significant when p (Source: Bone) Bone journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2936980 Thu, 29 Oct 2009 14:54:09 +0100 2936980 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2936979&cid=s_34570_31_f&fid=34570&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.elsevierhealth.com%2Fperiodicals%2Fbon%2Farticle%2FPIIS8756328209018626%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Bone mineral density (BMD) of both femurs is often requested in spite of that World Health Organization does not recommend it for assessment of densitometric categories. We used data of patients who realized dual femur densitometry to analyze the variations in densitometric and geometrical properties between both hips. Materials and methods: BMD was measured with DXA (Lunar Prodigy). BMD (mg/cm2) disparities of femoral neck and total hip were analyzed by Z score. Differences in BMD, bone mineral content (BMC, g), area (A, cm2), cross-sectional moment of inertia (CSMI, mm4), hip axis length (HAL, mm), hip axis/diaphysis axis angle (angle, degrees), and calculated volumetric BMD (vBMD, g/cm3) were computed by subtracting the left hip values to those of the right. Results: Median (upper quart... Bone journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2936979 Thu, 29 Oct 2009 14:54:09 +0100 2936979 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2936978&cid=s_34570_31_f&fid=34570&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.elsevierhealth.com%2Fperiodicals%2Fbon%2Farticle%2FPIIS8756328209018614%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes We have previously demonstrated that menadione (MEN) inhibits intestinal calcium (Ca2+) absorption through the mitochondria apoptotic pathway (BBA, 2008). Afterwards, we have observed that this inhibition could be reversed by melatonin (MEL) administration. The aim of this study was to elucidate the molecular mechanisms of this protection caused by MEL. Four-week-old chicks were divided in four groups: 1) controls, 2) treated i.p. with 2.5 μmol MEN/kg of b.w., 3) treated i.p. with 10 mg MEL/kg of b.w., and 4) treated i.p. with MEL after i.p. MEN administration. Glutathione (GSH) content and the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and caspase 3 were measured by spectrophotometric methods. Apoptosis was evaluated by the TUNEL technique and cytochrome c localization. ... Bone journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2936978 Thu, 29 Oct 2009 14:54:09 +0100 2936978 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2936977&cid=s_34570_31_f&fid=34570&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.elsevierhealth.com%2Fperiodicals%2Fbon%2Farticle%2FPIIS8756328209018602%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes In this study, we evaluated whether the isoflavone genistein (Gen) would modulate the cellular and molecular events associated with vascular disease. We employed rat endothelial cell (EC) cultures. After 24 hours of treatment, Gen increased DNA synthesis in synchronized EC (70.52±6.77 vs 41.24±4.49 cpm103/mg prot, Gen vs Control). This action was prevented by the presence of estrogen receptor antagonist ICI 182780 or l-NAME (nitric oxide synthase inhibitor), suggesting that the stimulation of EC growth involves ER and nitric oxide production. To study Gen's effect on leukocyte adhesion to EC, isolated monocytes were added to EC previously exposed to Gen or to bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Maximal adhesion was detected in LPS group, meanwhile Gen prevented monocyte adhesion (267±... Bone journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2936977 Thu, 29 Oct 2009 14:54:09 +0100 2936977 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2936976&cid=s_34570_31_f&fid=34570&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.elsevierhealth.com%2Fperiodicals%2Fbon%2Farticle%2FPIIS8756328209018596%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Aluminum (Al) is a nonessential element to which humans are exposed. Chronic administration induces a negative effect on bone tissue, affecting collagen synthesis and matrix mineralization. Its toxic effects are cumulative. Hypobaric hypoxia (HX) induces stress erythropoiesis leading to hypertrophy of the erythropoietic marrow and may affect bone. The aim of this investigation is to evaluate the chronic effect of aluminum on the architectural properties and the biomechanical quality of femoral diaphysis under hypoxic conditions. Female Sprague-Dawley rats, aged 21 days, received IP doses of 27 mg/kg of elemental Al, as Al(OH)3, 3 times a week, during 3 months. Control rats were injected with vehicle (20% glycerol). Half of the animals of each group (n=9) were exposed to simulated high a... Bone journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2936976 Thu, 29 Oct 2009 14:54:09 +0100 2936976