MedWorm.com provides a medical RSS filtering service. Over 6000 RSS medical sources are combined and output via different filters. This feed contains the latest items from the 'Breast Cancer Research and Treatment' source. Wed, 08 Feb 2012 08:41:17 +0100 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5666761&cid=s_33460_6_f&fid=33460&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fw03442500hw62834%2F Abstract  During the Turning Subjective Into Objective seminar held in Lisbon in May 2011, experts in the topic gathered to discuss the unsolved problems of aesthetic evaluation of breast-conserving treatment (BCT). The purpose of this study is to review the main methodological issues related to the aesthetic evaluation of BCT, to discuss currently used methods of evaluation and the lack of a gold standard, and to write a set of recommendations that can be used as guidance for the aesthetic evaluation of BCT. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory ReviewPages 1-9DOI 10.1007/s10549-012-1978-8Authors Maria João Cardoso, Breast Unit, Champalimaud Cancer Centre, Lisbon, PortugalJaime Santos Cardoso, INESC Porto Breast Research Group, Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do... Breast Cancer Research and Treatment journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5666761 Fri, 03 Feb 2012 17:52:07 +0100 5666761 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5666762&cid=s_33460_6_f&fid=33460&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fl7q813q2854198p3%2F Abstract  Aromatase inhibitor-associated bone loss has not been proved in the Japanese or Asian women. The aim of this study was to evaluate an upfront or delayed strategy of bone protection therapy with zoledronic acid administered at 4 mg every 6 months in postmenopausal Japanese women with early breast cancer to compare with results of the Z-FAST and ZO-FAST studies in western countries. Postmenopausal women with hormone receptor positive early breast cancer receiving adjuvant letrozole were randomly assigned to receive either upfront or delayed-start zoledronic acid (4 mg intravenously every 6 months). The delayed group received zoledronic acid when lumbar spine (L2–L4) bone mineral density (BMD) decreased to less than young adult mean −2.0SD or w... Breast Cancer Research and Treatment journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5666762 Fri, 03 Feb 2012 17:52:05 +0100 5666762 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5659404&cid=s_33460_6_f&fid=33460&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fe9u268432063l220%2F In conclusion, a breast tumor-derived signature of high IGF-1 ligand is associated with favorable outcome, in contrast to a previously reported IGF-IR activation signature. The prognostic value of the IGF-I ligand signature is validated in three independent datasets. These signatures should be applied in study of IGF1-R targeted therapy. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory EpidemiologyPages 1-11DOI 10.1007/s10549-012-1952-5Authors Lina Mu, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520-8034, USADavid Tuck, Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520-8034, USADionyssios Katsaros, Gynecologic Oncology and Breast Cancer Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Turin, Turin... Breast Cancer Research and Treatment journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5659404 Wed, 01 Feb 2012 17:12:05 +0100 5659404 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5659403&cid=s_33460_6_f&fid=33460&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fn37868g5wk348352%2F Abstract  The MUTYH gene is involved in base excision repair. MUTYH mutations predispose to recessively inherited colorectal polyposis and cancer. Here, we evaluate an association with breast cancer (BC), following up our previous finding of an elevated BC frequency among Dutch bi-allelic MUTYH mutation carriers. A case–control study was performed comparing 1,469 incident BC patients (ORIGO cohort), 471 individuals displaying features suggesting a genetic predisposition for BC, but without a detectable BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation (BRCAx cohort), and 1,666 controls. First, for 303 consecutive patients diagnosed before age 55 years and/or with multiple primary breast tumors, the MUTYH coding region and flanking introns were sequenced. The remaining subjects were genotyped for... Breast Cancer Research and Treatment journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5659403 Wed, 01 Feb 2012 17:12:05 +0100 5659403 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5659406&cid=s_33460_6_f&fid=33460&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fa73435r280207mh4%2F Abstract  Tamoxifen, a prodrug used for adjuvant breast cancer therapy, requires conversion to the active metabolite endoxifen through CYP 2D6. We aimed to construct an algorithm to predict endoxifen concentrations based on a patient’s CYP 2D6 genotype, demographic factors, and co-medication use. Eighty-eight women enrolled in the UCSF TamGen II study and 81 women enrolled in a prospective study at Dana-Farber Cancer Institute were included in this analysis. All the women had been on tamoxifen for at least 3 months before blood collection. Demographic information included the patient’s age, race/ethnicity, body mass index (where available), and self-reported and measured medications and herbals that affect 2D6 activity. DNA was extracted and genotyped for 2D6 (Ampli... Breast Cancer Research and Treatment journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5659406 Tue, 31 Jan 2012 16:48:05 +0100 5659406 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5659405&cid=s_33460_6_f&fid=33460&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fjgnr3k5616386174%2F Abstract  Metastases are the major cause of cancer-related deaths, but the mechanisms of the metastatic process remain poorly understood. In recent years, the involvement of microRNAs (miRNAs) in cancer has become apparent, and the objective of this study was to identify miRNAs associated with breast cancer progression. Global miRNA expression profiling was performed on 47 tumor samples from 14 patients with paired samples from primary breast tumors and corresponding lymph node and distant metastases using LNA-enhanced miRNA microarrays. The identified miRNA expression alterations were validated by real-time PCR, and tissue distribution of the miRNAs was visualized by in situ hybridization. The patients, in which the miRNA profile of the primary tumor and corresponding dist... Breast Cancer Research and Treatment journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5659405 Tue, 31 Jan 2012 16:48:05 +0100 5659405 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5647044&cid=s_33460_6_f&fid=33460&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F9245m2v6r4494344%2F Abstract  Triple-negative breast cancers lack estrogen receptor α (ERα), progesterone receptor, and do not overexpress human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (Her-2). They are neither susceptible to endocrine therapy nor to a therapy using the anti-Her-2 antibody, trastuzumab. Therefore, an efficient targeted therapy is warranted. Triple-negative breast tumors frequently express membrane bound estrogen receptor G-protein coupled receptor (GPR30). As proof of principle, we analyzed the consequences of a knock-down of GPR30 expression on the growth regulation of triple-negative breast cancer cell lines. Cells of triple-negative breast cancer cell lines were transfected with siRNA against GPR30 or control siRNA, and cell growth was stimulated either with 10−9 M 17β-estr... Breast Cancer Research and Treatment journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5647044 Mon, 30 Jan 2012 16:07:44 +0100 5647044 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5647045&cid=s_33460_6_f&fid=33460&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F43n7v7r15367287k%2F In conclusion, a supervised exercise program provided some, albeit small, additional benefit at 6 months post-intervention to women who had been provided with written information and reminders to use their arm. Both the groups reported few impairments including swelling immediately following the intervention and 6 months post-intervention. Notably, resistance training in the post-operative period did not precipitate lymphedema. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Clinical TrialPages 1-10DOI 10.1007/s10549-012-1964-1Authors Sharon L. Kilbreath, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Sydney, P.O. Box 170, Lidcombe, Sydney, NSW 1825, AustraliaKathryn M. Refshauge, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Sydney, P.O. Box 170, Lidcombe, Sydney, NSW 1825, AustraliaJane ... Breast Cancer Research and Treatment journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5647045 Sat, 28 Jan 2012 16:51:29 +0100 5647045 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5647046&cid=s_33460_6_f&fid=33460&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fu481345014g55642%2F Abstract  In order to investigate the implications of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression in combination with Ki-67 on breast cancer outcomes, the COX-2 and Ki-67 expression levels and other clinicopathologic parameters were investigated in 861 breast cancers. Clinicopathological parameters and survival were investigated in association with the expression levels of both COX-2 and Ki-67 using univariate and multivariate analyses. COX-2 expression was positive in 493 (57.3%) of invasive tumors. COX-2 was associated with favorable markers, but was not related to survival outcome by itself. However, COX-2 in proliferative tumors [COX-2(+)/Ki-67(+)] were significantly associated with unfavorable factors and the worst survival, but COX-2 in non-proliferative tumors [COX-2(+)/Ki-6... Breast Cancer Research and Treatment journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5647046 Sat, 28 Jan 2012 06:42:12 +0100 5647046 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5647047&cid=s_33460_6_f&fid=33460&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Frwn23l411q13766l%2F Abstract  NEWEST (Neoadjuvant Endocrine Therapy for Women with Estrogen-Sensitive Tumors) is the first study to compare biological and clinical activity of fulvestrant 500 versus 250 mg in the neoadjuvant breast cancer setting. We hypothesized that fulvestrant 500 mg may be superior to 250 mg in blocking estrogen receptor (ER) signaling and growth. A multicenter, randomized, open-label, Phase II study was performed to compare fulvestrant 500 mg (500 mg/month plus 500 mg on day 14 of month 1) versus fulvestrant 250 mg/month for 16 weeks prior to surgery in postmenopausal women with ER+ locally advanced breast cancer. Core biopsies at baseline, week 4, and surgery were assessed for biomarker changes. Primary endpoint: change in Ki67 labe... Breast Cancer Research and Treatment journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5647047 Fri, 27 Jan 2012 17:55:30 +0100 5647047 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5647048&cid=s_33460_6_f&fid=33460&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fgp6334425368v823%2F Abstract  Adherence to long-term pharmacological treatment for chronic conditions is often less than optimal. Till date, a limited number of population-based studies have assessed adherence to adjuvant hormonal therapy in breast cancer, a therapy with proven benefits in terms of reductions of recurrence and mortality. We aimed to examine rates of adherence and early discontinuation in Sweden where prescribed medications are subsidized for all residents and made available at reduced out-of-pocket costs. Individual-level data were obtained from Regional Clinical Quality Breast Cancer Registers, the Swedish Prescribed Drug Register, and several other population-based registers. Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze factors associated with adherence to prescribed... Breast Cancer Research and Treatment journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5647048 Fri, 27 Jan 2012 17:55:29 +0100 5647048 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5647049&cid=s_33460_6_f&fid=33460&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F7802gk1lwm74457n%2F This article presents the first focused evaluation of black–white differences in receipt and completion of chemotherapy for breast cancer in a primarily rural region of the United States. We performed chart abstraction on initial therapy received by 868 women diagnosed with Stages I, IIA, IIB, or IIIA breast cancer in 2001–2003 in southwest Georgia (SWGA). For chemotherapy, information collected included treatment plan, dates of delivery, concordance between therapy planned and received, and date and reasons for end of treatment. The patient’s age at diagnosis, race, marital status, insurance coverage, hormone receptor status, comorbidities, socioeconomic status, urban/rural status, treatment site, and distance to the site were also collected. Following univariate analyses, we ... Breast Cancer Research and Treatment journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5647049 Wed, 25 Jan 2012 18:04:45 +0100 5647049 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5638087&cid=s_33460_6_f&fid=33460&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Flt837m7370271446%2F Abstract  The three viruses most studied as possible causes of human breast cancer are mouse mammary tumor virus-like sequences (MMTV-LS), Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), and oncogenic (high risk) types of human papilloma virus (HPV). The first step in fulfilling traditional criteria for inferring that a cancer is caused by a virus is to demonstrate the virus in the affected tissue. Molecular techniques, compared to host antibody assessment and immunohistochemistry, are the most definitive in establishing viral presence. Results of 85 original molecular research investigations to detect one or more of the three viruses have been extremely divergent with no consensus reached. We evaluated the methodology of these studies for the following: type of molecular assay, DNA/RNA quality ... Breast Cancer Research and Treatment journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5638087 Tue, 24 Jan 2012 18:09:20 +0100 5638087 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5638088&cid=s_33460_6_f&fid=33460&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F0t76238402435066%2F We examined the role of surgical facility characteristics and distance to care in explaining racial/ethnic variation in timing of initiation of guideline-recommended radiation therapy (RT) after breast conserving surgery (BCS). We used Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results-Medicare data to identify women ages 65 and older diagnosed with stages I–III breast cancer and treated with BCS in 1994–2002. We used stepwise multivariate logistic regression to examine the interactive effects of race/ethnicity and facility profit status, teaching status, size, and institutional affiliations, and distance to nearest RT on timing of RT initiation, controlling for known covariates. Among 38,574 eligible women who received BCS, 39% received RT within 2 months, 52% received RT within 6&n... Breast Cancer Research and Treatment journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5638088 Tue, 24 Jan 2012 07:35:09 +0100 5638088 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5638091&cid=s_33460_6_f&fid=33460&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fx875067w28067748%2F Abstract  Uncontrolled proliferation is one of the hallmarks of breast cancer. We have previously identified the human Ecd protein (human ortholog of Drosophila Ecdysoneless, hereafter called Ecd) as a novel promoter of mammalian cell cycle progression, a function related to its ability to remove the repressive effects of Rb-family tumor suppressors on E2F transcription factors. Given the frequent dysregulation of cell cycle regulatory components in human cancer, we used immunohistochemistry of paraffin-embedded tissues to examine Ecd expression in normal breast tissue versus tissues representing increasing breast cancer progression. Initial studies of a smaller cohort without outcomes information showed that Ecd expression was barely detectable in normal breast tissue and i... Breast Cancer Research and Treatment journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5638091 Tue, 24 Jan 2012 07:35:08 +0100 5638091 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5638090&cid=s_33460_6_f&fid=33460&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Ffk07458834rr1545%2F In conclusion, our results support the mutual relationship between PlGF and VEGF-A and encourage further investigations as prognostic markers in breast cancer patients. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Clinical TrialPages 1-9DOI 10.1007/s10549-012-1957-0Authors Else Maae, Department of Oncology, Vejle Hospital, Kabbeltoft 25, 7100 Vejle, DenmarkDorte Aalund Olsen, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Vejle Hospital, Kabbeltoft 25, 7100 Vejle, DenmarkKarina Dahl Steffensen, Department of Oncology, Vejle Hospital, Kabbeltoft 25, 7100 Vejle, DenmarkErik Hugger Jakobsen, Department of Oncology, Vejle Hospital, Kabbeltoft 25, 7100 Vejle, DenmarkIvan Brandslund, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Vejle Hospital, Kabbeltoft 25, 7100 Vejle, DenmarkFlemming Brandt Sørensen, Departme... Breast Cancer Research and Treatment journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5638090 Tue, 24 Jan 2012 07:35:08 +0100 5638090 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5638089&cid=s_33460_6_f&fid=33460&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fpn275611n2757806%2F Abstract  There is limited evidence on the role of 3D mammography with tomosynthesis in breast screening, although early studies suggest that it may improve specificity. We prospectively evaluated the effect of integrating 3D mammography as a triage to assessment in 158 consecutive recalls to assessment (recalled in standard 2D-mammographic screening) in asymptomatic subjects. Radiologists provided 3D mammography-based opinion as to whether recall/assessment was warranted or unnecessary, and all subjects proceeded to assessment. 3D triage was positive (confirmed the need for assessment) in all 21 subjects with breast cancer (there were no false negatives), and would have avoided recall in 102 of 137 (74.4%) subjects with a negative/benign final outcome in whom 3D triage did ... Breast Cancer Research and Treatment journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5638089 Tue, 24 Jan 2012 07:35:08 +0100 5638089 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5638092&cid=s_33460_6_f&fid=33460&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fnp126n71025802m4%2F In conclusion, CAFs play a critical role in bridging the cross-talk between PRL and HER2/Neu in both mouse and human models of breast cancer. The inhibitory effects of G129R on p-Neu and on tumor growth are dependent upon interactions of tumor epithelial cells with CAFs. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Preclinical studyPages 1-13DOI 10.1007/s10549-012-1954-3Authors Cong Xu, Department of Biological Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USAJohn F. Langenheim, Department of Biological Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USAWen Y. Chen, Department of Biological Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA Journal Breast Cancer Research and TreatmentOnline ISSN 1573-7217Print ISSN 0167-6806 (Source: Breast Cancer Research and Treatment) Breast Cancer Research and Treatment journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5638092 Tue, 24 Jan 2012 07:35:07 +0100 5638092 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5638093&cid=s_33460_6_f&fid=33460&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F6433572544511574%2F Conclusion We outline five methods of preserving the IMA for future CABG: (1) lowering the level of DIEP flaps to the fourth- and fifth-intercostals spaces, (2) using the DIEP pedicle as an intermediary for CABG, (3) using IMA perforators to spare the IMA proper, (4) using and end-to-side anastomosis between the DIEP pedicle and IMA and (5) anastomosis of DIEP flaps using retrograde flow from the distal IMA. With careful patient selection, we hypothesize using the IMA for autologous breast reconstruction need not be an absolute contraindication for future CABG. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Preclinical StudyPages 1-18DOI 10.1007/s10549-011-1948-6Authors Warren M. Rozen, Jack Brockhoff Reconstructive Plastic Surgery Research Unit, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Un... Breast Cancer Research and Treatment journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5638093 Tue, 24 Jan 2012 07:35:05 +0100 5638093 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5638096&cid=s_33460_6_f&fid=33460&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fl038nq22r8v64453%2F This study employed a retrospective cohort design and electronic medical records from >65 community oncology/hematology clinics in >35 states (2004–2010). The study population comprised adult women who received myelosuppressive chemotherapy for ESBC (stages I–IIIA). For each such woman, each unique cycle of chemotherapy within their first observed course was identified. Incidence of chemotherapy dose delays (≥7 days for any drug in ≥1 cycles), chemotherapy dose reductions (≥15% for any drug in ≥1 cycles), and low chemotherapy relative dose intensity (RDI <85% over the course) relative to published reference standards were descriptively analyzed for the seven most-frequently planned regimens in the study database. A total of 2,228 women (70% of the subjects w... Breast Cancer Research and Treatment journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5638096 Tue, 24 Jan 2012 07:35:04 +0100 5638096 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5638095&cid=s_33460_6_f&fid=33460&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fvk42248503k7xt41%2F Abstract  The aims of the study were to identify a subpopulation more likely to be at greater risk of recurrence in small T1b-c node-negative hormone receptor (HR)-positive breast cancer, and which would benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy. Clinico-pathologic characteristics and clinical outcomes of 538 postoperative HR-positive T1b-cN0 breast cancer patients were retrospectively analyzed. High Ki67 index and a young age (<35 years) were identified as independent risk factors for relapse (p < 0.0001 and 0.015, respectively). A nomogram based on Cox-regression model showed an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.73 in the training set. The validation set showed a good discrimination with an AUC of 0.65. In patients with high nomogram scores (≥100, n =&nb... Breast Cancer Research and Treatment journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5638095 Tue, 24 Jan 2012 07:35:04 +0100 5638095 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5638094&cid=s_33460_6_f&fid=33460&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fd406728324842206%2F Abstract   The BRCAPRO model estimates carrier probabilities for the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes, and was recently enhanced to use estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) status of breast cancer. No independent assessment of the added value of these markers exists. Moreover, earlier versions of BRCAPRO did not use human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (Her-2/neu) status of breast cancer. Here, we incorporate Her-2/neu in BRCAPRO and validate all the markers. We trained the enhanced model on 406 germline tested individuals, and validated on a separate clinical cohort of 796 individuals for whom test results and family history are available. For model-building, we estimated joint probabilities of ER, PR, and Her-2/neu status for carriers and non-carriers of BRCA1/2... Breast Cancer Research and Treatment journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5638094 Tue, 24 Jan 2012 07:35:04 +0100 5638094 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5638097&cid=s_33460_6_f&fid=33460&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fk8k1461u1k61l125%2F Abstract  Breast cancer survivors who have had axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) and who later develop end-stage renal failure may eventually require hemodialysis access. If veins available for access in the contralateral arm have been exhausted, especially after chemotherapy, the ipsilateral arm will have to be considered for access construction. There are no evidence-based guidelines for lymphedema prevention, but there are sweeping recommendations to avoid physical injury to the ipsilateral limb, including needle puncture, after ALND with or without radiotherapy. Three studies have shown little or no effect of hand surgery in producing or exacerbating lymphedema after ALND. Dialysis access guidelines recommend the use of autogenous accesses over synthetic grafts when... Breast Cancer Research and Treatment journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5638097 Tue, 24 Jan 2012 07:35:03 +0100 5638097 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5638098&cid=s_33460_6_f&fid=33460&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fbu57h47164013270%2F Abstract  The benefit of taxanes in the adjuvant setting for node-negative (N0) early breast cancer (EBC) has not yet been established. We conducted a meta-analysis of randomized adjuvant trials comparing docetaxel-containing versus non-taxane-containing regimens. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the incorporation of docetaxel improves disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) in early stage breast cancer. Studies were retrieved by searching major databases and the proceedings of leading breast cancer conferences. We extracted hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for DFS and OS and obtained pooled estimates using an inverse-variance model. Fourteen randomized phase III studies were included (25,067 patients). The pooled HR est... Breast Cancer Research and Treatment journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5638098 Tue, 24 Jan 2012 07:35:02 +0100 5638098 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5619692&cid=s_33460_6_f&fid=33460&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fv04275p79710v7m7%2F Abstract  We investigated the role of human natural killer (NK) cells in the peripheral blood (PB) and liver in controlling breast cancer. The proportion of NK cells among liver mononuclear cells was significantly higher than among PB mononuclear cells. Liver NK cells inductively expressed higher levels of tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) than PB NK cells in response to interleukin-2 (IL-2). Liver NK cells displayed higher cytotoxicity against various breast cancer cell lines (MDA-MB231, MDA-MB453, MDA-MB468, and MCF-7) after IL-2 stimulation than did PB NK cells. Anti-HER2 monoclonal antibody (mAb) promoted the cytotoxicity of both the types of NK cells toward HER2-expressing cell lines. All breast cancer cell lines highly expressed death-ind... Breast Cancer Research and Treatment journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5619692 Fri, 20 Jan 2012 07:04:07 +0100 5619692 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5596960&cid=s_33460_6_f&fid=33460&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Frm656m8773014558%2F Abstract  Preclinical models suggested that activating mutations of the PIK3CA gene are associated with sensitivity to inhibitors of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR). In breast cancers, PIK3CA mutations are associated with estrogen receptor (ER) positivity. We therefore performed an open-label single arm phase II study of the rapamycin analog, temsirolimus, at a dose of 25 mg weekly, in women with pretreated breast cancers that were positive for ER, PR, or HER2. Archived formalin-fixed paraffin embedded tumor was collected for immunohistochemical evaluation of components of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway and PIK3CA mutation analysis. Thirty-one patients were enrolled. There were no major objective responses; however, three patients had stable disease for over 24 ... Breast Cancer Research and Treatment journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5596960 Fri, 13 Jan 2012 16:57:39 +0100 5596960 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5596961&cid=s_33460_6_f&fid=33460&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fk3t2341958131w5m%2F Abstract  There are two mutations in BRCA1 and one in BRCA2, which are present in up to 2.5% of Jewish women. Population genetic testing for Jewish women has been proposed; however, it is unclear how this would impact the uptake of cancer prevention options and psychosocial functioning in women with a positive result. Two thousand and eighty unselected Jewish women were tested for the Jewish BRCA mutations, and 1.1% were positive. Cancer-related distress was measured before testing, and at 1 and 2 years post-testing. Information on uptake of cancer risk reduction options was collected at 2 years. Breast and ovarian cancer risks were estimated using BRCAPRO. Within 2 years of receiving a positive result, 11.1% of women had prophylactic mastectomy, and 89.5% ha... Breast Cancer Research and Treatment journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5596961 Thu, 12 Jan 2012 16:49:06 +0100 5596961 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5596962&cid=s_33460_6_f&fid=33460&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fe67024068703686h%2F Abstract  The main biological active substance secreted by the pineal gland, melatonin (MLT), counteracts the effects of estrogens in breast cancer via exerting a number of its own oncostatic properties. Recent studies of postmenopausal women have identified that the major metabolite of MLT is statistically significantly associated with a lower risk of developing breast cancer. While MLT production decreases with age, breast cancer risk, however, increases with age and obesity. We hypothesize that MLT inhibits estrogen production in breast adipose fibroblasts (BAFs), the main local source of estrogen in breast tumors of postmenopausal women, by inhibiting transcription of the CYP19A1 gene that encodes the key enzyme aromatase. Normal BAFs were cultured from women undergoing ... Breast Cancer Research and Treatment journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5596962 Wed, 11 Jan 2012 17:56:47 +0100 5596962 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5596964&cid=s_33460_6_f&fid=33460&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F72n6435042104m8k%2F Abstract  Health-related quality of life (HRQOL), symptoms of depression, and adverse events (AEs) were compared between Japanese postmenopausal patients with hormone-sensitive breast cancer (BC) who received adjuvant tamoxifen, exemestane, or anastrozole in an open-labeled, randomized, multicenter trial designated as the National Surgical Adjuvant Study of Breast Cancer (N-SAS BC) 04 substudy of the Tamoxifen Exemestane Adjuvant Multinational (TEAM) trial. During the first year of treatment, HRQOL and symptoms of depression were analyzed using the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Breast (FACT-B) and its Endocrine Symptom Subscale (ES), and the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D), respectively. In addition, predefined AEs were analyzed. A total ... Breast Cancer Research and Treatment journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5596964 Tue, 10 Jan 2012 16:49:30 +0100 5596964 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5596963&cid=s_33460_6_f&fid=33460&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F7q80334311kj9hx2%2F Abstract  Molecular classification of breast cancer (BC) identified diverse subgroups that encompass distinct biological behavior and clinical implications, in particular in relation to prognosis, spread, and incidence of recurrence. Basal-like breast cancers (BLBC) compose up to 15% of BC and are characterized by lack of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and HER-2 amplification with expression of basal cytokeratins 5/6, 14, 17, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), and/or c-KIT. There is an overlap in definition between triple-negative BC and BLBC due to the triple-negative profile of BLBC. Also, most BRCA1-associated BCs are BLBC, triple negative, and express basal cytokeratins (5/6, 14, 17) and EGFR. There is a link between sporadic BLBC (occurring i... Breast Cancer Research and Treatment journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5596963 Tue, 10 Jan 2012 16:49:30 +0100 5596963 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5596965&cid=s_33460_6_f&fid=33460&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fr63p6g7567982614%2F Abstract  The aim was to investigate the implications of androgen receptor (AR) expression levels on outcomes for estrogen receptor (ER)-positive tumors. Immunohistochemically AR levels were determined from tissue microarrays of 614 ER-positive patients who received adjuvant endocrine with or without chemotherapy between November 1999 and August 2005. Characteristics and survival were analyzed using a Chi-square test, Kaplan–Meier methods, and Cox’s models. AR levels were categorized into 3 subgroups as follows: low, AR < 10%; intermediate, 10% ≤ AR < 50%; high, AR ≥ 50%. Low, intermediate, and high AR levels were observed in 29.0, 44.0, and 27.0% of patients, respectively. High AR was associated with smaller size, nodal ... Breast Cancer Research and Treatment journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5596965 Mon, 09 Jan 2012 19:38:26 +0100 5596965 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5581005&cid=s_33460_6_f&fid=33460&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F6240jl2128333m20%2F In this study, we analyzed a “variant of uncertain significance” (VUS) located in exon 23 of the BRCA2 gene exhibited by six members of five distinct families with hereditary breast cancer (BC). The variant was identified by DNA sequencing, and cDNA analysis revealed its co-expression with wild-type mRNA. We analyzed co-occurrence with other pathological mutations in BRCA1/2, performed a case–control study, looked for evolutionary data and used in-silico analyses to predict its potential clinical significance. Sequencing revealed an in frame deletion of 126 nucleotides in exon 23, leading to a deletion of 42 amino acids (c.9203_9328del126, p.Pro2992_Thr3033del). All of the VUS-carriers suffered from either BC or ovarian/pancreatic cancer. No other definite pathologic mutation of... Breast Cancer Research and Treatment journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5581005 Sat, 07 Jan 2012 16:51:25 +0100 5581005 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5581004&cid=s_33460_6_f&fid=33460&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fek8361mx12477650%2F In conclusion, our data suggest that in TNBC with wild-type BRCA1, the direct DNA repair system may be frequently (63.6%) silenced by MGMT methylation. The evaluation of the MGMT status could offer a new adjunct in predicting tumor response to alkylating drugs in TNBC patients. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Preclinical StudyPages 1-7DOI 10.1007/s10549-011-1945-9Authors Caterina Fumagalli, Division of Pathology, European Institute of Oncology, Via Ripamonti 435, 20141 Milan, ItalyGiancarlo Pruneri, Division of Pathology, European Institute of Oncology, Via Ripamonti 435, 20141 Milan, ItalyPaola Possanzini, Division of Pathology, European Institute of Oncology, Via Ripamonti 435, 20141 Milan, ItalyMichela Manzotti, Division of Pathology, European Institute of Oncology, Via Ri... Breast Cancer Research and Treatment journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5581004 Sat, 07 Jan 2012 16:51:25 +0100 5581004 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5581006&cid=s_33460_6_f&fid=33460&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F2p5u73m52r22r464%2F In this study, we consequently developed an acid-sensitive albumin-binding prodrug of the P-gp inhibitor zosuquidar (LY335979) in a two-step synthesis using a maleimide hydrazone linker system established in our laboratory that first introduces acetylbenzoic acid at the HO-group of zosuquidar followed by derivatization with 6-maleimidocaproyl hydrazide to form the acid-sensitive hydrazone bond. The maleimide group enables the prodrug to bind rapidly and selectively to the cysteine-34 position of endogenous albumin after intravenous administration. HPLC analysis demonstrated rapid albumin binding of the zosuquidar prodrug as well as the quantitative release of the acetylbenzoic ester derivative of zosuquidar at pH 5.0. Subsequently, its ability to circumvent MDR was tested in two doxo... Breast Cancer Research and Treatment journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5581006 Sat, 07 Jan 2012 06:44:09 +0100 5581006 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5581007&cid=s_33460_6_f&fid=33460&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fc44t535p130t644u%2F In conclusion, this study did not support the hypothesis that parity modifies the breast cancer risk attributed to mammographic density. Even though an effect modification was found in Hawaiian women, no such thing was found in women from the other three locations. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory EpidemiologyPages 1-9DOI 10.1007/s10549-011-1929-9Authors Christy G. Woolcott, Departments of Obstetrics & Gynaecology and Pediatrics, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, CanadaKarin Koga, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI, USAShannon M. Conroy, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI, USACelia Byrne, Georgetown Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Washington, DC, USAChisato Nagata, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, JapanGiske Ursin, Universit... Breast Cancer Research and Treatment journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5581007 Thu, 05 Jan 2012 17:05:06 +0100 5581007 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5581008&cid=s_33460_6_f&fid=33460&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fd62vj21w26x2w345%2F In conclusion, diet pattern appeared to only have modest association with estrogens, and was not associated with postmenopausal breast cancer risk. Although these results were null, it should be repeated in other populations as differences in food intake may yield a dietary pattern with stronger association with estrogens. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory EpidemiologyPages 1-6DOI 10.1007/s10549-011-1942-zAuthors Teresa T. Fung, Department of Nutrition, Simmons College, 300 The Fenway, Boston, MA 02115, USAMatthias B. Schulze, Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Nutrition, Potsdam, Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114-116, 14558 Nuthetal, GermanyFrank B. Hu, Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA 02115, USASusan E. ... Breast Cancer Research and Treatment journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5581008 Thu, 05 Jan 2012 06:51:44 +0100 5581008 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5571963&cid=s_33460_6_f&fid=33460&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F1w6001611x042484%2F Abstract  To determine the time when follow-up ultrasound (US) should begin for concordant benign lesions after US-guided 14-gauge core needle breast biopsy (CNB). This was an IRB–approved retrospective study, with a waiver of informed consent. Among 3,888 consecutive US-guided CNBs performed between August 2005 and March 2008, 1,492 breast masses in 1,309 women with concordant benign results and follow-up US after CNB were included. Their medical records were reviewed. Statistical comparisons for the result of first follow-up US and malignant rates among 6-month, 12-month, and long-term intervals were performed by using Fisher exact test. Results dichotomized for symptom, lesion size (10 mm), and CNB result (specific or not), were also analyzed. In 1,492 masses, sev... Breast Cancer Research and Treatment journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5571963 Wed, 04 Jan 2012 17:02:24 +0100 5571963 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5571964&cid=s_33460_6_f&fid=33460&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fq518458471071m7m%2F Abstract  Hypersensitivity to radiation exposure has been suggested to be a risk factor for the development of breast cancer. In this case–control study of 515 young women (≤55 years) with newly diagnosed sporadic breast cancer and 402 cancer-free controls, we examined the radiosensitivity as measured by the frequency of chromatid breaks induced by gamma-radiation exposure in the G2 phase of phytohemagglutinin-stimulated and short-term cultured fresh lymphocytes. We found that the average chromatid breaks per cell from 50 well-spread metaphases were statistically significantly higher in 403 non-Hispanic White breast cancer patients (0.52 ± 0.22) than that in 281 non-Hispanic White controls (0.44 ± 0.16) (P value < 0.001), and in 60... Breast Cancer Research and Treatment journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5571964 Wed, 04 Jan 2012 17:02:23 +0100 5571964 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5571966&cid=s_33460_6_f&fid=33460&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fk6871118706461uv%2F This study investigates the influence of obstetric factors on MD among pre- and post-menopausal women. We enrolled 3,574 women aged 45–68 years who were participating in breast cancer screening programmes in seven screening centers. To measure MD, blind anonymous readings were taken by an experienced radiologist, using craniocaudal mammography and Boyd’s semiquantitative scale. Demographic and reproductive data were directly surveyed by purpose-trained staff at the date of screening. The association between MD and obstetric variables was quantified by ordinal logistic regression, with screening centre introduced as a random effect term. We adjusted for age, number of children and body mass index, and stratified by menopausal status. Parity was inversely associated with dens... Breast Cancer Research and Treatment journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5571966 Wed, 04 Jan 2012 06:46:38 +0100 5571966 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5571965&cid=s_33460_6_f&fid=33460&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fu5t18610064r8789%2F Abstract  The role of fruit and vegetables in breast cancer (BC) development has long been debated. A large variety of vegetables and fruit are consumed by Mediterranean populations, a favourable setting for evaluating the effects of these foods. The association between vegetables and fruit consumption, overall and by specific types, and BC risk was studied in the Italian section of the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition study. Over 31,000 women, aged 36-64 years, recruited in five Italian centers between 1993 and 1998, were available for analyses with dietary and lifestyle information and anthropometric measurements. After a median follow-up of 11.25 years, 1,072 invasive and in situ incident BC cases were identified. Cox proportional ha... Breast Cancer Research and Treatment journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5571965 Wed, 04 Jan 2012 06:46:38 +0100 5571965 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5571967&cid=s_33460_6_f&fid=33460&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F6tr4w243q1vkhj02%2F Abstract   Klotho (KL) is a putative tumor suppressor gene in breast and pancreatic cancers located at chromosome 13q12. A functional sequence variant of Klotho (KL-VS) was previously reported to modify breast cancer risk in Jewish BRCA1 mutation carriers. The effect of this variant on breast and ovarian cancer risks in non-Jewish BRCA1/BRCA2 mutation carriers has not been reported. The KL-VS variant was genotyped in women of European ancestry carrying a BRCA mutation: 5,741 BRCA1 mutation carriers (2,997 with breast cancer, 705 with ovarian cancer, and 2,039 cancer free women) and 3,339 BRCA2 mutation carriers (1,846 with breast cancer, 207 with ovarian cancer, and 1,286 cancer free women) from 16 centers. Genotyping was accomplished using TaqMan® allelic discrimination or m... Breast Cancer Research and Treatment journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5571967 Mon, 02 Jan 2012 16:49:44 +0100 5571967 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5571968&cid=s_33460_6_f&fid=33460&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fw1881n71832ur0j7%2F In this study, we found that estrogen stimulates SLC22A5 expression robustly in an estrogen receptor (ER)-dependent manner and that SLC22A5 expression is associated with ER status in breast cancer cell lines and tissue specimens. Although the SLC22A5 proximal promoter is not responsive to estrogen, a downstream intronic enhancer confers estrogen inducibility. This intronic enhancer contains a newly identified estrogen-responsive element (ERE) (GGTCA-CTG-TGACT) and other transcription factor binding sites, such as a half ERE and a nuclear receptor related 1 (NR4A2/Nurr1) site. Estrogen induction of the luciferase reporter was dependent upon both the ERE and the NR4A2 site within the intronic enhancer. Small interfering RNA against either ER or Nurr1 inhibited estrogen induction of SL... Breast Cancer Research and Treatment journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5571968 Mon, 02 Jan 2012 16:49:43 +0100 5571968 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5559438&cid=s_33460_6_f&fid=33460&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F163nkh477377hp0n%2F Abstract  Angiosarcomas of the breast (ASB) are rare, representing <1% of breast malignancies. They can develop as a primary or secondary malignancy, also called post-radiation angiosarcoma. The aim of the this study is to discuss diagnosis, treatment, and outcome of primary and secondary ASB patients, diagnosed and treated in a single institution, over a 10-year period and to further compare the two conditions. We retrieved 28 consecutive cases of ASB, diagnosed from 1999 to 2009 at the European Institute of Oncology. Clinical and pathologic findings and survival analyses were performed. Of the 28 cases (27 women and 1 man), eight were primary breast angiosarcomas (PBA) and 20 were secondary breast angiosarcomas (SBA). Median follow-up was 23 months (range 1–112&... Breast Cancer Research and Treatment journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5559438 Fri, 30 Dec 2011 07:08:45 +0100 5559438 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5559439&cid=s_33460_6_f&fid=33460&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fg8qq677xt234p621%2F Abstract  Tamoxifen decreases breast cancer recurrence, mortality, and breast cancer risk in high-risk women. Despite these proven benefits, tamoxifen use is often limited due to side effects. We identified predictors of tamoxifen-induced side effects based on clinical variables and serum tamoxifen metabolite biomarkers in a cross-sectional study of patients taking tamoxifen. We enrolled 241 women and collected data on demographics, tamoxifen use and side effects, as well as potential clinical and serum predictors. We used logistic regression models and adjusted for age, body mass index, ethnicity, education, prior post-menopausal hormone therapy (HT), tamoxifen duration, and endoxifen levels to identify factors associated with side effects. Common tamoxifen attributed side... Breast Cancer Research and Treatment journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5559439 Fri, 30 Dec 2011 07:08:44 +0100 5559439 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5552035&cid=s_33460_6_f&fid=33460&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fv00451777l542722%2F This study shows that adjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer is associated with long-term reductions in TBV and overall gray matter volume in the absence of focal reductions. The observed smaller gray matter volume in chemotherapy-exposed survivors was comparable to the effect of almost 4 years of age on gray matter volume reduction. These volume differences might be associated with the slightly worse cognitive performance that we observed previously in this group of breast cancer survivors. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory EpidemiologyPages 1-8DOI 10.1007/s10549-011-1888-1Authors Vincent Koppelmans, Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The NetherlandsMichiel B. de Ruiter, Department of Psychosocial Research and Epidemiology, Net... Breast Cancer Research and Treatment journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5552035 Wed, 28 Dec 2011 16:51:15 +0100 5552035 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5552034&cid=s_33460_6_f&fid=33460&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fd5650451w4284p20%2F Abstract  Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) (ER−/PGR−/erb-2−) constitutes an aggressive subtype in breast cancer because it is accompanied by a significant decrease in overall survival (OAS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS) compared with hormone receptor positive breast cancers. This retrospective cohort study investigates the following issues: (1) Is there an impact of guideline-adherent treatment on RFS and OAS in TNBC? (2) Which adjuvant treatment has the most important impact on RFS and OAS in TNBC? This German retrospective multi-centre cohort study included 3,658 patients with primary breast cancer recruited from 2000 to 2005. The definition of guideline adherence was based on the German national S3 guideline for diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer (20... Breast Cancer Research and Treatment journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5552034 Wed, 28 Dec 2011 16:51:15 +0100 5552034 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5552037&cid=s_33460_6_f&fid=33460&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F94x57421j32343k1%2F Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Letter to the EditorPages 1-5DOI 10.1007/s10549-011-1924-1Authors Mai Kadi, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, St. Mary’s Campus, Norfolk Place, Paddington, London W2 1PG, UKPetra A. Wark, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, St. Mary’s Campus, Norfolk Place, Paddington, London W2 1PG, UKMarc J. Gunter, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, St. Mary’s Campus, Norfolk Place, Paddington, London W2 1PG, UKElio Riboli, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, St. Mary’s Campus, Norfolk Place, Paddington, London W2 1P... Breast Cancer Research and Treatment journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5552037 Tue, 27 Dec 2011 17:03:25 +0100 5552037 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5552036&cid=s_33460_6_f&fid=33460&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fh52674141j203725%2F Abstract  To evaluate if biologically effective dose (BED), and in particular the duration of radiation treatment, has an effect on local relapse risk. Between January 2000 and December 2008 a total of 762 patients with T1-2 N0/+ breast cancer was treated with breast-conserving surgery and radiotherapy, with and without hormone therapy and chemotherapy. Adjuvant radiation therapy was administered to a total dose of 60–66 Gy in 30–33 fractions. The computed BEDs were divided in four groups: <43.1, 43.1–44.9, 45.0–46.1, and >46.1 Gy (A–D, respectively). Kaplan–Meier method was used to calculate local relapse rates. Cox regression method was used to identify prognostic factors of local relapse. Evaluated variables were age, tumor histology, tumor siz... Breast Cancer Research and Treatment journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5552036 Tue, 27 Dec 2011 17:03:25 +0100 5552036 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5552038&cid=s_33460_6_f&fid=33460&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fg02m08116q7g04m1%2F In this study, we tested this possibility of using an innate adjuvant receptor ligand, polyinosinic–polycytidylic acid [poly(I:C)], to treat human breast cancer cell lines. Three breast cancer cell lines (MCF-7, MDA-MB-231, and BT-549) were used in this study. Poly(I:C) was transfected into these cancer cells to stimulate melanoma differentiation–associated gene (MDA) 5, which is a cytoplasmic adjuvant receptor. Poly(I:C) transfection significantly reduced the viability of all cell lines in a manner partially dependent on MDA5. Flow cytometeric analyses and immunoblot assays revealed that the antitumor effect depended on both caspase-dependent apoptosis and c-Myc- and cyclinD1-dependent growth arrest. Interestingly, poly(I:C) transfection was accompanied by autophagy, which is th... Breast Cancer Research and Treatment journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5552038 Tue, 27 Dec 2011 17:03:23 +0100 5552038 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5552041&cid=s_33460_6_f&fid=33460&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F8163613255857hq1%2F Abstract  Bevacizumab in combination with chemotherapy increases progression-free survival (PFS), but not overall survival when compared to chemotherapy alone in the treatment of metastatic breast cancer (MBC). Recently in November, 2011 the Food and drug administration revoked approval of bevacizumab in combination with paclitaxel for the treatment of MBC. The European Medicines Agency, in contrast, maintained its approval of bevacizumab in MBC. While neither agency considers health economics in their decision-making process, one of the greatest challenges in oncology practice today is to reconcile hard-won small incremental clinical benefits with exponentially rising costs. To inform policy-makers in the US, this study aimed to assess the cost-effectiveness of bevacizumab/... Breast Cancer Research and Treatment journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5552041 Mon, 26 Dec 2011 16:45:50 +0100 5552041 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5552040&cid=s_33460_6_f&fid=33460&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F951t60tw76k08162%2F Abstract  In preclinical models, the histone deacetylase inhibitor vorinostat sensitizes breast cancer cells to tubulin-polymerizing agents and to anti-vascular endothelial growth factor-directed therapies. We sought to determine the safety and efficacy of vorinostat plus paclitaxel and bevacizumab as first-line therapy in metastatic breast cancer (MBC), and the biological effects of vorinostat in vivo. For this purpose of this study, 54 patients with measurable disease and no prior chemotherapy for MBC received vorinostat (200 or 300 mg PO BID) on days 1–3, 8–10, and 15–17, plus paclitaxel (90 mg/m2) on days 2, 9, 16, and bevacizumab (10 mg/kg) on days 2 and 16 every 28 days. The primary objective of the phase I study was to determine the recommend... Breast Cancer Research and Treatment journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5552040 Mon, 26 Dec 2011 16:45:50 +0100 5552040 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5552039&cid=s_33460_6_f&fid=33460&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fr682837j7kg3r087%2F Abstract  The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of image-guided delivery of locoregional chemotherapy to breast cancer hepatic metastases using doxorubicin-loaded drug-eluting beads (DEBDOX). An IRB-approved multi-center, prospective, open, non-controlled repeat treatment registry to investigate the safety and efficacy of doxorubicin microspheres in the treatment of patients with unresectable liver metastasis from breast cancer was reviewed. Statistical analysis was performed with differences of P < 0.05 considered significant. About 40 patients with metastatic breast cancer (MBC) to the liver underwent a total of 75 image-guided procedures with hepatic arterial drug-eluting beads loaded with doxorubicin (DEBDOX). Treatment was well tolerated w... Breast Cancer Research and Treatment journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5552039 Mon, 26 Dec 2011 16:45:50 +0100 5552039 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5544166&cid=s_33460_6_f&fid=33460&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fkp408k55t42703x4%2F Abstract  A recent genome-wide association study (GWAS) has identified a new subset of breast cancer susceptibility loci on chromosomes 9, 10, and 11 in populations of European descent. However, because of the genetic heterogeneity, the role of these loci in non-European descent populations is still unclear. To evaluate the relationships between genetic variants in these regions identified by GWAS and breast cancer risk in Chinese women, we genotyped four common SNPs at 9p21(rs1011970 and rs10757278), 10p15 (rs2380205), and 10q22 (rs1250009) in a two-stage case–control study with a total of 1792 breast cancer cases and 1,867 controls. We found that rs1250009 at 10q22 was consistently associated with risk of breast cancer in stage 1 and stage 2, with a per-allele OR of 1.1... Breast Cancer Research and Treatment journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5544166 Sat, 24 Dec 2011 16:42:13 +0100 5544166 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5544167&cid=s_33460_6_f&fid=33460&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Ft2103212t7587330%2F Abstract  Severe deficiency of vitamin D in adults can cause musculoskeletal pain, stiffness, and joint discomfort. Musculoskeletal symptoms similar to those associated with vitamin D deficiency are frequently seen in breast cancer patients receiving adjuvant aromatase inhibitors (AIs). This is presumably due to oestrogen deficiency caused by AIs. However, no data are available on serum levels of vitamin D and their relation to developing musculoskeletal symptoms/arthralgia in women receiving an AI. IBIS-II is a multicentre randomized placebo controlled trial of the AI, anastrozole, in postmenopausal women aged 40–70 years, who are at increased risk of breast cancer. Serum vitamin D levels were measured for 416 participants. The samples were sent for assays in three ... Breast Cancer Research and Treatment journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5544167 Sat, 24 Dec 2011 16:42:12 +0100 5544167 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5544169&cid=s_33460_6_f&fid=33460&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fh1j82416h86031k7%2F Abstract  Neoadjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer allows individual tumor response to be assessed depending on molecular subtype, and to judge the impact of response to therapy on recurrence-free survival (RFS). The multicenter I-SPY 1 TRIAL evaluated patients with ≥3 cm tumors by using early imaging and molecular signatures, with outcomes of pathologic complete response (pCR) and RFS. The current analysis was performed using data from patients who had molecular profiles and did not receive trastuzumab. The various molecular classifiers tested were highly correlated. Categorization of breast cancer by molecular signatures enhanced the ability of pCR to predict improvement in RFS compared to the population as a whole. In multivariate analysis, the molecular signatu... Breast Cancer Research and Treatment journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5544169 Sat, 24 Dec 2011 16:42:11 +0100 5544169 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5544168&cid=s_33460_6_f&fid=33460&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fa8725q3x7nj6305k%2F In conclusion, the intervention produced >10% weight loss as well as significant improvements across multiple endpoints. The group phone-based treatment delivery approach may help disseminate effective weight control intervention to hard-to-reach breast cancer survivors. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Clinical trialPages 1-9DOI 10.1007/s10549-011-1922-3Authors Christie A. Befort, Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Blvd, MS 1008, Kansas City, KS 66160, USAJennifer R. Klemp, Medical Oncology, Breast Cancer Prevention and Survivorship Center, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USAHeather L. Austin, Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Kansas Medical Center, 39... Breast Cancer Research and Treatment journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5544168 Sat, 24 Dec 2011 16:42:11 +0100 5544168 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5544170&cid=s_33460_6_f&fid=33460&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F8m46p22274m78832%2F Abstract  Preclinical data have demonstrated that the combination of antihuman epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (anti-HER2) and antivascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF)—targeted agents has antitumor activity; these data indicate certain patients with HER2-overexpressing breast cancer may derive clinical benefit from this combination. The purpose of this single-arm phase II study was to determine the efficacy and safety of the dual-targeting combination of lapatinib and bevacizumab. Women with HER2-overexpressing advanced breast cancer received 1,500 mg oral lapatinib daily plus 10 mg/kg IV bevacizumab every 2 weeks. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS) at week 12; secondary endpoints included overall tumor response rate (ORR),... Breast Cancer Research and Treatment journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5544170 Fri, 23 Dec 2011 16:52:50 +0100 5544170 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5544172&cid=s_33460_6_f&fid=33460&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F2jn774p781356v11%2F Abstract  Psoriasin (S100A7), originally identified in psoriasis, is a calcium-binding protein belonging to the multigenic S100 family. In high-grade ductal carcinoma in situ, psoriasin was identified as one of the most abundant transcripts. We have previously shown that psoriasin was induced by reactive oxygen species (ROS). Moreover, the downregulation of psoriasin by short hairpin RNA (shRNA) led to the reduced expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and inhibited tumor growth in vivo. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether psoriasin could have direct effects on endothelial cells. In this study we demonstrated that psoriasin increased VEGF expression in mammary epithelial cells. The treatment of endothelial cells with recombinant psoriasi... Breast Cancer Research and Treatment journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5544172 Wed, 21 Dec 2011 20:04:56 +0100 5544172 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5544171&cid=s_33460_6_f&fid=33460&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fj5229483761772vx%2F Abstract  Intraoperative examination of sentinel axillary lymph nodes can be done by imprint cytology, frozen section, or, most recently, by PCR-based amplification of a cytokeratin signal. Using this technique, benign epithelial inclusions, representing mammary tissue displaced along the milk line, will likely generate a positive PCR signal and lead to a false-positive diagnosis of metastatic disease. To better appreciate the incidence of ectopic epithelial inclusions in axillary lymph nodes, we have performed an autopsy study, examining on 100 μm step sections 3,904 lymph nodes obtained from 160 axillary dissections in 80 patients. The median number of lymph nodes per axilla was 23 (15, 6, and 1 in levels 1, 2, and 3, respectively). A total of 30,450 hematoxylin... Breast Cancer Research and Treatment journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5544171 Wed, 21 Dec 2011 20:04:56 +0100 5544171 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5537465&cid=s_33460_6_f&fid=33460&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fu704m250177236q4%2F Abstract  Obese and underweight women who develop breast cancer may have poorer survival compared with normal-weight women. However, the optimal weight for best prognosis is still under study. We conducted a prospective investigation of pre-diagnosis body mass index (BMI) and mortality among 14,948 breast cancer patients in the After Breast Cancer Pooling Project. Breast cancer patients diagnosed from 1990 to 2006 with AJCC Stage I–III breast tumors were drawn from four prospective cohorts. Hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) representing the associations of BMI categories (World Health Organization international classifications) with recurrence and mortality were estimated using delayed entry Cox proportional hazards models. Obese (30 to <35 kg/m... Breast Cancer Research and Treatment journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5537465 Tue, 20 Dec 2011 16:48:15 +0100 5537465 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5537466&cid=s_33460_6_f&fid=33460&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F37667w63031554qg%2F Abstract  To explore the impact of dose intensity (DI) in the adjuvant setting of breast cancer, a randomized phase III trial was conducted comparing postoperative dose-dense sequential chemotherapy with epirubicin, paclitaxel, and cyclophosphamide, methotrexate and fluorouracil (CMF)in high-risk breast cancer patients. From Oct 2000 to June 2005, 1,121 node-positive patients were randomized to dose-dense sequential epirubicin 110 mg/m2 and paclitaxel (Taxol®, Bristol Myers-Squibb, Princeton, NJ) 250 mg/m2 (group A), or concurrent epirubicin 83 mg/m2 and paclitaxel 187 mg/m2 (group B), both followed by three cycles of “intensified” combination chemotherapy with CMF. By protocol design total cumulative dose and duration of treatment were identical in b... Breast Cancer Research and Treatment journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5537466 Tue, 20 Dec 2011 16:48:13 +0100 5537466 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5515055&cid=s_33460_6_f&fid=33460&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fe96388t8476350mp%2F Abstract  Many studies have used surface-enhanced laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry or matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry to search for blood-based proteins that are related to the presence of breast cancer. We review the biomarkers discovered or targeted measured by these methods and discuss the strengths and weaknesses of these studies. We highlight two proteins that were most often related to breast cancer: C3a des-arginine anaphylatoxin (C3adesArg) (molecular weight: 8,938 Da) and fragments of inter-alpha trypsin inhibitor heavy chain H4 (ITIH4). In addition, we elaborate on three important methodological aspects related to these studies: protein identification, specificity of the markers, and dis... Breast Cancer Research and Treatment journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5515055 Fri, 16 Dec 2011 16:53:51 +0100 5515055 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5515056&cid=s_33460_6_f&fid=33460&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F615551371615hj65%2F Abstract  Family history of first and second-degree relatives is known to increase the risk for breast cancer. Less data are available on the risks between defined multiple affected close and distant relatives for which the reliability of data may be an issue. Data on affected males are sparse. These questions and the probable genetic models were addressed in this study by means of a nationwide Swedish Family-Cancer Database. We estimated the effect of family history of breast cancer by Poisson regression for women of at least 30 years of age after adjusting for age, period, region, socioeconomic status, number of children, and age at first birth. The results of the study showed that relative risk (RR) for breast cancer was associated with a first degree as well as sec... Breast Cancer Research and Treatment journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5515056 Fri, 16 Dec 2011 16:53:50 +0100 5515056 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5515057&cid=s_33460_6_f&fid=33460&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fp00425t164366188%2F Abstract  Cancer progenitor cells are critical for tumor initiation and recurrence so they are an important therapeutic target. We tested whether T cells could recognize tumor antigens expressed by breast cancer progenitor cells and acquire therapeutic activity against established metastases or delay onset of spontaneous tumors. Breast tumors were derived from HER2/neu transgenic mice and propagated in vitro under conditions that selected progenitor cells which were then used as an irradiated whole cell vaccine. A minor subset of recently sensitized T cells was isolated from vaccine-draining lymph nodes then activated in vitro to achieve numerical expansion. We show that the tumor progenitor cell vaccines reversed tolerance to a known HER2/neu epitope, otherwise inhibited by ... Breast Cancer Research and Treatment journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5515057 Thu, 15 Dec 2011 16:49:07 +0100 5515057 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5515058&cid=s_33460_6_f&fid=33460&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fl5520842h2wu467t%2F Abstract  The HER3 protein contributes to malignant transformation in breast and other cancer types as a consequence of elevated levels of expression, particularly in the presence of the HER2 protein. We show here that an antibody, called SGP1, to the extracellular domain of the HER3 receptor can inhibit completely Neuregulin stimulated growth of cultured breast cancer cells. Herceptin is a humanised monoclonal antibody to the HER2 protein which has an established role in the treatment of some patients with breast cancer. We demonstrate that Herceptin and SGP1 can bind simultaneously to breast cancer cells expressing both the HER2 and HER3 proteins. In the presence of moderate levels of Herceptin, addition of the SGP1 monoclonal antibody gave a dose-dependent inhibition of ... Breast Cancer Research and Treatment journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5515058 Wed, 14 Dec 2011 16:42:10 +0100 5515058 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5515059&cid=s_33460_6_f&fid=33460&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Ff225r81l61362173%2F Abstract  Microarray-based techniques are being useful to obtain miRNA and gene expression signatures associated with different tumors. BRCA1 deregulation is a frequent event in the pathogenesis of breast as well as other cancers. In addition to DNA repair functions of BRCA1, it is involved in a wide range of cellular processes such as cell cycle, chromatin remodeling or transcription. However, the molecular events underlying BRCA1-associated tumorigenesis are still largely unknown. In order to deepen our understanding of BRCA1-associated tumorigenesis, we integrated data from mRNA and miRNA microarray experiments on HCC1937 breast cancer cell line, and the isogenic HCC1937 stably expressing BRCA1, to obtain significant miRNA–mRNA relationships associated with the presence... Breast Cancer Research and Treatment journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5515059 Tue, 13 Dec 2011 17:03:38 +0100 5515059 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5494612&cid=s_33460_6_f&fid=33460&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fb371835u0v102707%2F In conclusion, we identified a genetic risk predictor of breast cancer in a Japanese population. Risk models which include a genetic risk score are possibly useful in distinguishing women at high risk of breast cancer from those at low risk, particularly in the context of targeted prevention. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory EpidemiologyPages 1-11DOI 10.1007/s10549-011-1904-5Authors Aiko Sueta, Division of Epidemiology and Prevention, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, 1-1, Kanokoden, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8681 JapanHidemi Ito, Division of Epidemiology and Prevention, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, 1-1, Kanokoden, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8681 JapanTakakazu Kawase, Division of Epidemiology and Prevention, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, 1-1, Kanokoden, C... Breast Cancer Research and Treatment journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5494612 Sat, 10 Dec 2011 16:55:14 +0100 5494612 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5494613&cid=s_33460_6_f&fid=33460&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fj7362h1316074370%2F Abstract  The aim of this study is to compare two published nomograms, the “Institut Gustave Roussy/M.D. Anderson Cancer Center” (IGR/MDACC) and the Colleoni nomograms, in predicting pathologic complete responses (pCR) to preoperative chemotherapy in an independent cohort and to assess the impact of HER2 status. Data from 200 patients with breast carcinoma treated with preoperative chemotherapy were collected. We calculated pCR rate predictions with the two nomograms and compared the predictions with the outcomes. Sixty percent of the patients with HER2-positive tumors received trastuzumab concomitantly with taxanes. Model performances were quantified with respect to discrimination and calibration. In the whole population, the area under the ROC curve (AUC) for the IGR/... Breast Cancer Research and Treatment journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5494613 Thu, 08 Dec 2011 18:21:49 +0100 5494613 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5494616&cid=s_33460_6_f&fid=33460&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fr66k771657266432%2F Abstract  Alcohol consumption is a risk factor for breast cancer in humans. Experimental studies indicate that alcohol exposure promotes malignant progression of mammary tumors. However, the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms remain unclear. Alcohol induces a pro-inflammatory response by modulating the expression of cytokines and chemokines. Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), also known as chemokine (C–C motif) ligand 2, is a pro-inflammatory chemokine implicated in breast cancer development/malignancy. We investigated the role of MCP-1 in alcohol-promoted mammary tumor progression. Using a xenograft model, we demonstrated that alcohol increased tumor angiogenesis and promoted growth/metastasis of breast cancer cells in C57BL/6 mice. Alcohol up-regulated... Breast Cancer Research and Treatment journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5494616 Thu, 08 Dec 2011 18:21:48 +0100 5494616 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5494615&cid=s_33460_6_f&fid=33460&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F2n477k45894r22n7%2F Abstract   HER2 amplification, TOP2A aberrations, and absence of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP-1) expression in breast carcinomas have been shown to be associated with incremental benefit from anthracycline-containing adjuvant chemotherapy, and this study was undertaken to validate these findings in a similar, but independent, randomized clinical trial. TIMP-1 was examined by immunohistochemistry in archival tumor tissue from 403 of 716 premenopausal high-risk patients with known HER2 and TOP2A status who were randomized to cyclophosphamide, epirubicin, and fluorouracil (CEF) or cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, and fluorouracil (CMF) in the MA.5 trial. Ninety-eight (24%) patients had no TIMP-1 staining of tumor cells, 27% were HER2 amplified, and 18% were TOP2A ... Breast Cancer Research and Treatment journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5494615 Thu, 08 Dec 2011 18:21:48 +0100 5494615 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5494614&cid=s_33460_6_f&fid=33460&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fa5513hr178425x17%2F Abstract  Animal models have demonstrated the critical role of bone marrow-derived VEGFR1+ hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPCs) and VEGFR2+ endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) in metastatic progression. We explored whether these cells could predict relapse and response in breast cancer (BC) patients. One hundred and thirty-two patients with stages 1–4 BC were enrolled on 2 studies. Circulating CD45+/CD34+/VEGFR1+ HPCs and CD45dim/CD133+/VEGFR2+ EPCs were assessed from peripheral blood mononuclear cells using flow cytometry. Changes in HPCs and EPCs were analyzed in (1) patients without overt disease that relapsed and (2) metastatic patients according to response by RECIST. At study entry, 102 patients were without evidence of disease and 30 patients had metastatic BC. Seve... Breast Cancer Research and Treatment journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5494614 Thu, 08 Dec 2011 18:21:48 +0100 5494614 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5494618&cid=s_33460_6_f&fid=33460&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fq37tg08m731l835k%2F Abstract  Most of the antiangiogenic strategies used in oncology principally target endothelial cells through the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) pathway. Multiple kinase inhibitors can secondarily reduce mural cell stabilization of the vessels by blocking platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR) activity. However, sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), which is also implicated in mural cell recruitment, has yet to be targeted in clinical practice. We therefore investigated the potential of a simultaneous blockade of the PDGF and S1P pathways on the chemotactic responses of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and the resulting effects of this blockade on breast tumor growth. Due to crosstalk between the S1P and PDGF pathways, we used AG1296 and/or VPC-23019 to inh... Breast Cancer Research and Treatment journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5494618 Thu, 08 Dec 2011 18:21:47 +0100 5494618 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5494617&cid=s_33460_6_f&fid=33460&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fq808057200112108%2F Abstract  A major priority for cancer control agencies is to reduce geographical inequalities in cancer outcomes. While the poorer breast cancer survival among socioeconomically disadvantaged women is well established, few studies have looked at the independent contribution that area- and individual-level factors make to breast cancer survival. Here, we examine relationships between geographic remoteness, area-level socioeconomic disadvantage and breast cancer survival after adjustment for patients’ socio-demographic characteristics and stage at diagnosis. Multilevel logistic regression and Markov chain Monte Carlo simulation were used to analyze 18,568 breast cancer cases extracted from the Queensland Cancer Registry for women aged 30–70 years diagnosed between 19... Breast Cancer Research and Treatment journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5494617 Thu, 08 Dec 2011 18:21:47 +0100 5494617 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5486447&cid=s_33460_6_f&fid=33460&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fdg4q568wk2183q68%2F Abstract  Molecular subtyping confirms that breast cancer comprises at least four genetically distinct entities based on the expression of specific genes including estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and HER2/neu receptor. The quantitative influence of subtype on ipsilateral locoregional recurrence (LRR) is unknown. The aim of this study was to systematically appraise the influence of breast cancer subtype on LRR following breast conserving therapy (BCT) and mastectomy. A comprehensive search for studies examining outcomes after BCT and/or mastectomy according to breast cancer subtype was performed using Medline and cross-referencing available data. Reviews of each study were conducted and data extracted to perform meta-analysis. Primary outcome was LRR relat... Breast Cancer Research and Treatment journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5486447 Tue, 06 Dec 2011 16:59:09 +0100 5486447 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5486446&cid=s_33460_6_f&fid=33460&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fm8580132741nl333%2F Abstract  For Hispanic women, the Breast Cancer Risk Assessment Tool (BCRAT; “Gail Model”) combines 1990–1996 breast cancer incidence for Hispanic women with relative risks for breast cancer risk factors from non-Hispanic white (NHW) women. BCRAT risk projections have never been comprehensively evaluated for Hispanic women. We compared the relative risks and calibration of BCRAT risk projections for 6,353 Hispanic to 128,976 NHW postmenopausal participants aged 50 and older in the Women’s Health Initiative (WHI). Calibration was assessed by the ratio of the number of breast cancers observed with that expected by the BCRAT (O/E). We re-evaluated calibration for an updated BCRAT that combined BCRAT relative risks with 1993–2007 breast cancer incidence that is contem... Breast Cancer Research and Treatment journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5486446 Tue, 06 Dec 2011 16:59:09 +0100 5486446 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5486445&cid=s_33460_6_f&fid=33460&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Feg10l2682346x32j%2F Abstract  Early growth response-1 (Egr-1) is an immediate early gene involved in relevant biological events including the proliferation of diverse types of cell tumors. In a microarray analysis performed in breast cancer cells, 17β-estradiol (E2) and the estrogen receptor antagonist 4-hydroxitamoxifen (OHT) up-regulated Egr-1 through the G protein-coupled receptor named GPR30/GPER. Hence, in this study, we aimed to provide evidence regarding the ability of E2, OHT and the selective GPER ligand G-1 to regulate Egr-1 expression and function through the GPER/EGFR/ERK transduction pathway in both Ishikawa (endometrial) and SkBr3 (breast) cancer cells. Interestingly, we demonstrate that Egr-1 is involved in the transcription of genes regulating cell proliferation like CTGF and ... Breast Cancer Research and Treatment journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5486445 Tue, 06 Dec 2011 16:59:09 +0100 5486445 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5476159&cid=s_33460_6_f&fid=33460&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F3687q65rv7787088%2F Abstract  Previous studies suggest that melatonin may act on cancer growth through a variety of mechanisms, most notably by direct anti-proliferative effects on breast cancer cells and via interactions with the estrogen pathway. Three genes are largely responsible for mediating the downstream effects of melatonin: melatonin receptors 1a and 1b (MTNR1a and MTNR1b), and arylalkylamine N-acetyltransferase (AANAT). It is hypothesized that genetic variation in these genes may lead to altered protein production or function. To address this question, we conducted a comprehensive evaluation of the association between common single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the MTNR1a, MTNR1b, and AANAT genes and breast cancer risk among 2,073 cases and 2,083 controls, using a two-stage analy... Breast Cancer Research and Treatment journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5476159 Fri, 02 Dec 2011 18:09:34 +0100 5476159 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5476160&cid=s_33460_6_f&fid=33460&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fj86063323v66h30n%2F Abstract  NOV-002 (a formulation of disodium glutathione disulfide) modulates signaling pathways involved in tumor cell proliferation and metastasis and enhances anti-tumor immune responsiveness in tumor models. The addition of NOV-002 to chemotherapy has been shown to increase anti-tumor efficacy in animal models and some early phase oncology trials. We evaluated the clinical effects of NOV-002 in primary breast cancer, whether adding NOV-002 to standard preoperative chemotherapy increased pathologic complete response rates (pCR) at surgery, and determined whether NOV-002 mitigated hematologic toxicities of chemotherapy and whether levels of myeloid derived suppressor cells (MDSC) were predictive of response. Forty-one women with newly diagnosed stages II–IIIc HER-2 nega... Breast Cancer Research and Treatment journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5476160 Fri, 02 Dec 2011 18:09:32 +0100 5476160 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5476162&cid=s_33460_6_f&fid=33460&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Ff8l50452382np711%2F Abstract  Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) is a precursor lesion that can gives rise to invasive breast cancer (IBC). It has been proposed that both the nature of the lesion and the tumor microenvironment play key roles in progression to IBC. Here, laser capture microdissected tissue from pure DCIS and pure IBC were employed to define key gene expression profiles in either the epithelial or stromal compartment associated with disease progression. Each tissue had distinct gene expression profiles, and a DCIS/IBC classifier accurately distinguished DCIS versus IBC in multiple independent data sets. However, contrary to other studies that profiled DCIS associated with invasive disease, we found that the most significant alterations in gene expression were observed in the epithe... Breast Cancer Research and Treatment journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5476162 Thu, 01 Dec 2011 19:29:06 +0100 5476162 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5476161&cid=s_33460_6_f&fid=33460&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fp5568806227952t1%2F Abstract  As one of the most common cancers worldwide, breast cancer places an extraordinary burden on the populations of African ancestry. Common SNPs in the TERT-CLPTM1L locus have been reported to be associated with several types of cancer, including breast cancer. We sought to investigate whether the previously reported common single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the TERT-CLPTM1L locus could also contribute to the breast cancer risk in women of African ancestry. We genotyped eleven SNPs in 2,892 women of African descent but were unable to detect any significant association between TERT-CLPTM1L SNPs and their predispositions for breast cancer risk. Given the differences in linkage disequilibrium patterns across populations, our findings suggest that larger independent... Breast Cancer Research and Treatment journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5476161 Thu, 01 Dec 2011 19:29:06 +0100 5476161 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5476163&cid=s_33460_6_f&fid=33460&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fe77l507q560w3601%2F Abstract  No studies of dietary vitamin D intake and vitamin D receptor (VDR) have been conducted comparing breast risk among Hispanic women and non-Hispanic white (NHW) women. We investigated the association between vitamin D intake and breast cancer in a population-based case–control study of 1,527 NHW and 791 Hispanic breast cancer cases diagnosed in 1999–2004 in Arizona, New Mexico, Utah, and Colorado, and 1,599 NHW and 922 Hispanic age-matched controls. Vitamin D intake was assessed using food frequency questionnaires, and associations with breast cancer were adjusted for age, ethnicity, state, education, body mass index, smoking, age at menarche, age at first birth, parity, hormone exposure, height, and physical activity using logistic regression. BsmI, Poly A and... Breast Cancer Research and Treatment journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5476163 Wed, 30 Nov 2011 18:41:13 +0100 5476163 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5456987&cid=s_33460_6_f&fid=33460&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F20gn6486t2710265%2F Abstract  Fibroblast growth factor receptors (FGFRs) are tyrosine kinase receptors which have been implicated in breast cancer. The aim of this study was to evaluate FGFR-1, -2, -3, and -4 protein expressions in normal murine mammary gland development, and in murine and human breast carcinomas. Using immunohistochemistry and Western blot, we report a hormonal regulation of FGFR during postnatal mammary gland development. Progestin treatment of adult virgin mammary glands resulted in changes in localization of FGFR-3 from the cytoplasm to the nucleus, while treatment with 17-β-estradiol induced changes in the expressions and/or localizations of FGFR-2 and -3. In murine mammary carcinomas showing different degrees of hormone dependence, we found progestin-induced increased e... Breast Cancer Research and Treatment journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5456987 Mon, 28 Nov 2011 16:51:10 +0100 5456987 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5456988&cid=s_33460_6_f&fid=33460&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fbr5h0g6622106943%2F Abstract  A CD44−/CD24+ phenotype is a poor prognostic marker in early invasive breast cancer. Breast cancer cells with high CD44 and low or absent CD24 (i.e. CD44+CD24−/low phenotype) are reported to have stem cell features. However, the clinical impact of CD24 and CD44 expression in tumours remains unclear. To explore the immunohistochemical expression of CD44 and CD24 (individually and combined) and their clinical value as prognostic and predictive markers. Immunohistochemical expression of CD24 and CD44 was studied in a large series of early primary invasive breast cancer tumours (n = 1036) prepared as a tissue microarray. Associations between the expression of each marker individually and in combination and clinico-pathological, molecular variables and pat... Breast Cancer Research and Treatment journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5456988 Sat, 26 Nov 2011 16:48:56 +0100 5456988 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5456989&cid=s_33460_6_f&fid=33460&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F3666555k06k004m7%2F This study showed large international differences in treatment of elderly early stage breast cancer patients, with the most striking result the large proportion of elderly who did not undergo surgery at all. Despite large treatment differences, survival does not seem to be affected in a major way. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory EpidemiologyPages 1-8DOI 10.1007/s10549-011-1892-5Authors M. Kiderlen, Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC, Leiden, The NetherlandsE. Bastiaannet, Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC, Leiden, The NetherlandsP. M. Walsh, National Cancer Registry, Cork, IrelandN. L. Keating, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, USAS. Schrodi, Munich Can... Breast Cancer Research and Treatment journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5456989 Sat, 26 Nov 2011 16:48:55 +0100 5456989 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5449540&cid=s_33460_6_f&fid=33460&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F46608077655757k3%2F In this study, we detected BRCA1 somatic mutations in tumor cDNA from 144 Chinese women with sporadic breast cancer by using polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-direct sequencing assay. In total, eight BRCA1 alterations (three nonsense mutations and five missense mutations) were identified in this cohort of 144 sporadic breast cancers. We further confirmed that 5 out of 144(3.5%) sporadic breast cancer cases carried a BRCA1 somatic mutation, including two novel nonsense mutations (c.191_212del22 and c.2963C>G) resulting in a truncated protein and three missense mutations (c.114G>T, c.925A>C, and c.824G>A). The two cases with BRCA1 somatic truncating mutations also contained a TP53 somatic mutation in the tumors. Our study suggested that a small subset of sporadic breast cancers ... Breast Cancer Research and Treatment journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5449540 Thu, 24 Nov 2011 17:52:32 +0100 5449540 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5449542&cid=s_33460_6_f&fid=33460&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F5k57p2157963638u%2F Abstract   BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers have an increased risk for developing breast (and ovarian) cancer. Non-carriers from within such families (=true negatives) are counseled that their risk for developing breast cancer is similar to that of the average-risk population. Breast cancer diagnosed in a non-carrier from a family with a known mutation is coined phenocopy. The rate of breast cancer phenocopy and the risk for breast cancer in true negatives are unsettled. The rate of phenocopy breast cancer was assessed in non-carriers from Jewish families with a BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation, identified at the Sheba medical center. Analysis was performed by t test for comparison of mean age at counseling or breast cancer diagnosis, and by calculating a standardized incidence rati... Breast Cancer Research and Treatment journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5449542 Wed, 23 Nov 2011 17:36:19 +0100 5449542 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5449541&cid=s_33460_6_f&fid=33460&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fd661h94566128715%2F BRCA1 c.4987-3C>G is a pathogenic mutation Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Letter to the EditorPages 1-3DOI 10.1007/s10549-011-1878-3Authors Rita D. Brandão, Department of Clinical Genetics, University Hospital of Maastricht, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The NetherlandsKees E. P. van Roozendaal, Department of Clinical Genetics, University Hospital of Maastricht, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The NetherlandsDemis Tserpelis, Department of Clinical Genetics, University Hospital of Maastricht, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The NetherlandsBeppy Caanen, Department of Clinical Genetics, University Hospital of Maastricht, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The NetherlandsEncarna Gómez García, Department of Clinical Genetics, University Hospital of Maastricht, P.O. Box 616, 6... Breast Cancer Research and Treatment journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5449541 Wed, 23 Nov 2011 17:36:19 +0100 5449541 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5449543&cid=s_33460_6_f&fid=33460&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fl178297716182216%2F Abstract  Observational studies demonstrate an association between physical activity and improved outcomes in breast and colon cancer survivors. To test these observations with a large, randomized clinical trial, an intervention that significantly impacts physical activity in these patients is needed. The Active After Cancer Trial (AACT) was a multicenter pilot study evaluating the feasibility of a telephone-based exercise intervention in a cooperative group setting. Sedentary (engaging in <60 min of recreational activity/week) breast and colorectal cancer survivors were randomized to a telephone-based exercise intervention or usual care control group. The intervention was delivered through the University of California at San Diego; participants received ten phone c... Breast Cancer Research and Treatment journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5449543 Wed, 23 Nov 2011 17:36:17 +0100 5449543 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5449544&cid=s_33460_6_f&fid=33460&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F4345h61285602537%2F Abstract  Breast conservation therapy (BCT) consisting of lumpectomy and postoperative radiation has become an accepted alternative to mastectomy (MRM) for the treatment of early stage breast cancer. We currently report the 25 year outcomes of a single institution, prospective, randomized clinical trial at the National Cancer Institute. 237 women with pathologically confirmed invasive breast tumors 5 cm or less were accrued between 1979 and 1987 and randomized to receive either BCT or MRM. Overall survival was the primary endpoint. Patients with node positive disease were included and treated with doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide. Both arms received axillary dissection. BCT patients had radiation to the whole breast followed by a boost. At a median follow-up of 25... Breast Cancer Research and Treatment journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5449544 Wed, 23 Nov 2011 17:36:16 +0100 5449544 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5449545&cid=s_33460_6_f&fid=33460&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fkt74009663220417%2F This article reviews these alternative microtubule-targeting agents and their potential clinical benefits for MBC patients. Relevant clinical data were compiled through searches within PubMed and congress abstract databases. Ixabepilone, a novel microtubule-stabilizing drug approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA), has proven efficacy across multiple lines of therapy, including patients with taxane-resistant/refractory disease. In phase III trials, ixabepilone plus capecitabine significantly improved progression-free survival compared with capecitabine alone in anthracycline/taxane-pretreated patients. Eribulin has recently been approved by the FDA and by the European Medicines Agency for the treatment of patients with MBC who have received at least two prior chemotherap... Breast Cancer Research and Treatment journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5449545 Wed, 23 Nov 2011 17:36:15 +0100 5449545 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5449546&cid=s_33460_6_f&fid=33460&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fqk70305262t266r2%2F Abstract  We have previously showed the presence of the simian virus 40 (SV40) and the mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV)-like in a significant proportions of Tunisian breast carcinomas. However, to date there are no published studies concerning evaluation of the possible implication of the human polyomaviruses JC (JCV) and BK (BKV) in breast carcinomas. The presence of JCV and BKV DNA was investigated by PCR in a 123 primary breast carcinomas and matched adjacent non-tumor breast tissues. The results were correlated to clinicopathological and virological parameters. JCV T-antigen DNA was detected in 23% of breast carcinoma cases; however, all cases were negative for BKV. JCV T antigen PCR products were further confirmed as authentic JCV genome by direct sequencing. JCV was fo... Breast Cancer Research and Treatment journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5449546 Tue, 22 Nov 2011 17:58:26 +0100 5449546 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5440343&cid=s_33460_6_f&fid=33460&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fnx3w7801x2748360%2F In this study, we used microarray data from the GEO database to compare gene expression for regulators of metabolism and epigenetic alterations among non-invasive epithelial (MCF-7, MDA-MB-361, and T-47D) and invasive mesenchymal (MDA-MB-231, Hs-578T, and BT-549) breast cancer cell lines. The expression of genes, including GLS1, GFPT2, LDHA, HDAC9, MYST2, and SUV420H2, was assessed using RT-PCR. There was differential expression between epithelial and mesenchymal cell lines. MYST2 and SUV420H2 regulate the levels of the epigenetic biomarkers histone H4 lysine 16 acetylation (H4K16ac) and histone H4 lysine 20 trimethylation (H4K20me3), respectively. Reduced amounts of H4K16ac and H4K20me3 correlated with lower levels of MYST2 and SUV420H2 in mesenchymal cells and, along with reduced amou... Breast Cancer Research and Treatment journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5440343 Sat, 19 Nov 2011 06:52:21 +0100 5440343 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5431358&cid=s_33460_6_f&fid=33460&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fr40g33725822u2j8%2F Abstract  The utility of archived paraffin-embedded breast tissue for risk-related research is often limited by missing menopausal status data. We tested the hypothesis that breast tissue gene expression patterns can improve menopausal stratification. Healthy high-risk participants in a clinical trial underwent breast random fine-needle aspiration (rFNA); 100 ng of RNA extracted from rFNA samples was reverse-transcribed; the expression of 28 estrogen-responsive genes was evaluated by real-time PCR. True menopausal status (TMS) was determined by measurement of plasma hormones and age. Differentially expressed genes and age were analyzed by logistic regression. The accuracy of the menopause prediction was assessed using receiver-operator characteristic (ROC) analysis, an... Breast Cancer Research and Treatment journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5431358 Fri, 18 Nov 2011 17:33:01 +0100 5431358 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5431360&cid=s_33460_6_f&fid=33460&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Ff40780473n967017%2F This study was designed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of preoperative paclitaxel, gemcitabine, and trastuzumab (PGH) combination for HER2-positive breast caner. Pathologically, proven node positive stage II/III breast cancer patients with adequate organ function and no history of anti-cancer therapy were eligible. Patients received weekly trastuzumab with paclitaxel 80 mg/m2 and gemcitabine 1,200 mg/m2 on days 1 and 8, every 3 weeks for 6 cycles. Postoperatively, patients completed trastuzumab for 1 year and hormone therapy for 5 years if indicated. All patients received postoperative radiation therapy. Of 53 enrolled patients with a median tumor of 5.3 (range, 2.0 to >12) cm; 43.4%, T3/T4; 75.4%, N2/N3; and 45.3%, positive hormone receptors. The path... Breast Cancer Research and Treatment journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5431360 Fri, 18 Nov 2011 06:54:11 +0100 5431360 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5431359&cid=s_33460_6_f&fid=33460&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fy5717082400p4231%2F Abstract  Male breast cancer remains understudied despite evidence of rising incidence. Using a co-ordinated multi-centre approach, we present the first large scale biomarker study to define and compare hormone receptor profiles and survival between male and female invasive breast cancer. We defined and compared hormone receptor profiles and survival between 251 male and 263 female breast cancers matched for grade, age, and lymph node status. Tissue microarrays were immunostained for ERα, ERβ1, -2, -5, PR, PRA, PRB and AR, augmented by HER2, CK5/6, 14, 18 and 19 to assist typing. Hierarchical clustering determined differential nature of influences between genders. Luminal A was the most common phenotype in both sexes. Luminal B and HER2 were not seen in males. Basal pheno... Breast Cancer Research and Treatment journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5431359 Fri, 18 Nov 2011 06:54:11 +0100 5431359 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5431361&cid=s_33460_6_f&fid=33460&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fx636j02lh1ln8w34%2F Abstract  Anthracyclines and taxanes are active cytotoxic drugs in the treatment of early metastatic breast cancer. It is yet unclear whether addition of capecitabine to the combination of these drugs improves the treatment outcome. Patients with advanced breast cancer were randomized to first-line chemotherapy with a combination of epirubicin (Farmorubicin®) and paclitaxel (Taxol®) alone (ET) or in combination with capecitabine (Xeloda®, TEX). Starting doses for ET were epirubicin 75 mg/m2 plus paclitaxel 175 mg/m2, and for TEX epirubicin 75 mg/m2, paclitaxel 155 mg/m2, and capecitabine 825 mg/m2 BID for 14 days. Subsequently, doses were tailored related to side effects. Primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS); secondary endpoints... Breast Cancer Research and Treatment journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5431361 Fri, 18 Nov 2011 06:54:09 +0100 5431361 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5431362&cid=s_33460_6_f&fid=33460&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fw866262vl1375825%2F Abstract  We previously demonstrated that high serum enterolactone levels are associated with a reduced incidence of breast cancer in healthy women. The present study was aimed at investigating whether a similar association might be found between serum enterolactone levels and the mortality of women with early breast cancer. The levels of enterolactone in cryopreserved serum aliquots obtained from 300 patients, operated on for breast cancer, were measured using a time-resolved fluoro-immunoassay. Levels were analyzed in respect to the risk of mortality following surgery. Cox proportional hazard regression models were used to check for prognostic features, to estimate hazard ratios for group comparisons and to test for the interaction on mortality hazards between the variabl... Breast Cancer Research and Treatment journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5431362 Fri, 18 Nov 2011 06:54:08 +0100 5431362 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5431363&cid=s_33460_6_f&fid=33460&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fd70q54l18533n100%2F Abstract  For patients with metastatic breast cancer, we previously described that increased EZH2 expression levels were associated with an adverse outcome to tamoxifen therapy. Main objective of the present study is to investigate miR-26a and miR-101 levels, which both target EZH2, for their association with molecular pathways and with efficacy of tamoxifen as first-line monotherapy for metastatic breast cancer. Expression levels were measured using quantitative Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR) in primary breast cancer specimens of 235 estrogen receptor-α (ER)-positive patients. Pathway analysis was performed on microarray data available for 65 of these tumors. Logistic regression and Cox uni- and multivariate analysis were performed to relate expression leve... Breast Cancer Research and Treatment journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5431363 Fri, 18 Nov 2011 06:54:07 +0100 5431363 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5421616&cid=s_33460_6_f&fid=33460&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fh2710221140h7411%2F Abstract  We have prospectively tested the effects of simvastatin on the pharmacokinetics of anastrozole and on estrogen concentrations in postmenopausal women with hormone receptor-positive breast cancer who were receiving adjuvant anastrozole. Following 14 days of simvastatin, we did not observe a significant change in plasma concentrations of anastrozole or hydroxyanastrozole in nine evaluable women. Likewise, we did not observe any statistically significant change in serum concentrations of either estradiol, which remained in the undetectable range, or estrone sulfate. Simvastatin and anastrozole may be safely co-administered. Pharmacokinetic results suggest that simvastatin is not likely to compromise the activity of anastrozole. Content Type Journal ArticleCategor... Breast Cancer Research and Treatment journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5421616 Wed, 16 Nov 2011 16:48:14 +0100 5421616 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5421617&cid=s_33460_6_f&fid=33460&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F96870251luu52072%2F We report in this article our studies comparing cell proliferation, Ki67 (MIB1), and estrogen and progesterone receptor levels (ERα, PRA, and PRB) in the breast terminal duct lobular units of oocyte donors, women in early pregnancy, and in normally cycling women. Breast tissue and blood samples were obtained from 10 oocyte donors, and 30 pregnant women at 5–18 weeks of gestation. Breast tissue samples were also obtained from 26 normally cycling women. In the oocyte donors: peak E2 (mean ~15,300 pmol/l) was reached on the day before oocyte (and tissue) donation; peak progesterone (P4; mean 36.3 nmol/l) was reached on the day of donation; Ki67 was positively associated with level of E2, and the mean Ki67 was 7.0% significantly greater than the mean 1.8% of cyclin... Breast Cancer Research and Treatment journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5421617 Mon, 14 Nov 2011 16:55:47 +0100 5421617 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5421618&cid=s_33460_6_f&fid=33460&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fq2v5128341q45800%2F Abstract  Heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) is an attractive target for breast cancer treatment, as it is required for the proper folding and stabilization of several proteins known to be involved in breast cancer growth and development. These proteins include the epidermal growth factor receptor, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and src. 17-Allylamino-17-demethoxygeldanamycin (17-AAG) is an intravenous Hsp90 inhibitor in development for breast cancer treatment. We conducted a phase II study of 17-AAG 220 mg/m2 on days 1, 4, 8, and 11 every 21 days in patients with metastatic and locally advanced breast cancer. Since we expected the molecular effects of Hsp90 inhibition to extend beyond just ER, PR, an... Breast Cancer Research and Treatment journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5421618 Mon, 14 Nov 2011 16:55:46 +0100 5421618 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5421619&cid=s_33460_6_f&fid=33460&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F8355286717kq2230%2F We report a case of male secretory breast carcinoma in a 13-year-old boy. Radical mastectomy was performed followed by chemotherapy. The patient is free of disease after 10 years. Secretory breast carcinoma (SBC) is the commonest type of breast carcinoma in children. In this article, we discuss the diagnosis and treatment options for breast cancer among children as well as features of SBC, based on a literature review. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory ReviewPages 1-8DOI 10.1007/s10549-011-1869-4Authors Cesar Cabello, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Av. Alexander Flemming, 101, Cidade Universitária, Campinas, SP 13083-881, BrazilMarcelo Alvarenga, Pathology Institute of Campinas (IPC), Campinas, BrazilCesar Augusto Alvarenga, Pathology Institute of Campinas (IPC), Cam... Breast Cancer Research and Treatment journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5421619 Mon, 14 Nov 2011 16:55:45 +0100 5421619 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5421620&cid=s_33460_6_f&fid=33460&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Ff331q18n16436871%2F Abstract  The HER2 amplicon on chromosome 17q is variable in size and occasionally includes Topoisomerase 2A (TOP2A) at 17q21-22. It has been suggested that TOP2 co-amplification, not HER2 amplification on chromosome 17q11.2-12, is a useful predictive marker of response to anthracycline-based chemotherapy in breast cancer patients. Given the significant toxicities of anthracyclines, the detection methods of TOP2A gene amplifications have to be standardized. We determined TOP2A gene alterations using two different fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) DNA probes. HER2 amplifications were identified with the PathVysion™ probe. TOP2A status of 42 HER2 amplified breast cancers was tested by FISH with PathVysion™ covering 160 kb and DAKO pharm DX™ covering 228 k... Breast Cancer Research and Treatment journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5421620 Mon, 14 Nov 2011 16:55:43 +0100 5421620 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5407158&cid=s_33460_6_f&fid=33460&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fe66m3565l07l8377%2F Abstract  Obesity, defined as a body mass index (BMI) ≥30 is an independent risk factor in breast cancer and is correlated with shorter survival and enhanced recurrence rates. The present subgroup analysis of the German BRENDA-cohort aimed to investigate the correlation between BMI, recurrence-free survival (RFS) and adjuvant endocrine therapy. In this subgroup analysis, 4,636 patients were retrospectively examined using multivariate analyses. Overall 3,759 (81.1%) patients had a BMI <30 (non-obese) and 877 (18.9%) a BMI ≥30 (obese). In the group of all 3,896 (84.0%) patients with hormone-receptor-positive (HR+) breast carcinomas a significant reduction in RFS was demonstrated for those who were obese (P = 0.002; HR = 1.45 (95% CI: 1.15–1.83)), a... Breast Cancer Research and Treatment journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5407158 Sat, 12 Nov 2011 16:53:12 +0100 5407158 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5407157&cid=s_33460_6_f&fid=33460&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F723m0k332762h214%2F Abstract  E-cadherin (E-CD) inactivation with loss of E-CD-mediated cell adhesion is the hallmark of lesions of the lobular phenotype. E-CD is typically absent by immunohistochemistry in both lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) and invasive lobular lesions, suggesting it occurs early in the neoplastic process. In laboratory models, downstream post-transcriptional modifiers such as TWIST and SNAIL contribute to the dissociation of the intracellular component of the cadherin–catenin complex (CCC), resulting in tumor progression and invasion. We hypothesized that complete CCC dissociation may play a role in lobular neoplasia progression. Here we explore the relationship between loss of E-CD and dissociation of the CCC in pure LCIS and LCIS associated with invasive cancer. Fresh... Breast Cancer Research and Treatment journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5407157 Sat, 12 Nov 2011 16:53:12 +0100 5407157 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5407159&cid=s_33460_6_f&fid=33460&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fw4ru481066614l24%2F We examined the pathologic features and distribution of molecular phenotype in relation to patient age in a large group of young women (≤40 years) with invasive breast cancer. Medical records were reviewed for clinical characteristics, tumor stage, and receptor status. Pathologic features, including those features associated with basal-like carcinomas, were examined by central review. Using tumor grade and biomarker expression, cancers were categorized as luminal A (ER+ and/or PR+ and HER2−, histologic grade 1 or 2); luminal B (ER+ and/or PR+ and HER2+, or ER and/or PR+, HER2− and grade 3); HER2 (ER and PR− and HER2+); and triple negative (ER−, PR−, and HER2−). Among 399 women of ≤40 years, 33% had luminal A tumors, 35% luminal B, 11% HER2 (ER-negative)... Breast Cancer Research and Treatment journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5407159 Sat, 12 Nov 2011 16:53:11 +0100 5407159 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5407160&cid=s_33460_6_f&fid=33460&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fv1580275418n5l6l%2F Abstract  Taxanes are being used for the treatment of breast cancer. However, cancer cells frequently develop resistance to these drugs with the subsequent recurrence of the tumor. MDA-MB-231 and T-47D breast cancer cell lines were used to assess the effect of paclitaxel treatment on apoptosis and cell cycle, the possible mechanisms of paclitaxel resistance as well as the enhancement of paclitaxel-induced apoptosis based on its combination with phenylethyl isothiocyanate (PEITC). T-47D cells undergo apoptosis in response to paclitaxel treatment. The induction of apoptosis was associated with a robust mitotic arrest and the disruption of Bcl-xL/Bak interaction. By contrary, MDA-MB-231 cells were insensitive to paclitaxel-induced apoptosis and this was associated with a high ... Breast Cancer Research and Treatment journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5407160 Thu, 10 Nov 2011 16:49:53 +0100 5407160 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5407161&cid=s_33460_6_f&fid=33460&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F407t95506720r6n1%2F Abstract  The long-term trend of female breast cancer incidence rates in the United States and some European countries demonstrates a similar pattern: an increasing trend in the last century followed by a declining trend in this century. The well-known risk factors cannot explain this trend. We compared the breast cancer incidence trends obtained from SEER data with the trend of nitrogen dioxides (NOx) emission and monitoring data as well as motor vehicle density data. The upward followed by downward trend of NOx is similar to the breast cancer incidence trend but with an offset of 20 years earlier. Motor vehicles are the major source of NOx emissions. The geographic distribution of motor vehicles density in 1970 in the observed US counties is positively correlated wit... Breast Cancer Research and Treatment journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5407161 Thu, 10 Nov 2011 16:49:52 +0100 5407161 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5407162&cid=s_33460_6_f&fid=33460&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fb622l86r7258j756%2F Abstract  The number of risk prediction models has been increasingly developed, for estimating about breast cancer in individual women. However, those model performances are questionable. We therefore have conducted a study with the aim to systematically review previous risk prediction models. The results from this review help to identify the most reliable model and indicate the strengths and weaknesses of each model for guiding future model development. We searched MEDLINE (PubMed) from 1949 and EMBASE (Ovid) from 1974 until October 2010. Observational studies which constructed models using regression methods were selected. Information about model development and performance were extracted. Twenty-five out of 453 studies were eligible. Of these, 18 developed prediction mod... Breast Cancer Research and Treatment journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5407162 Thu, 10 Nov 2011 16:49:51 +0100 5407162 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5407163&cid=s_33460_6_f&fid=33460&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F310035w847578085%2F This study demonstrates that SPRR3 promotes BC cell proliferation by enhancing p53 degradation via the AKT and MAPK pathways and is, therefore, a potential novel therapeutic target for less advanced stages of BC. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Preclinical StudyPages 1-8DOI 10.1007/s10549-011-1868-5Authors Jin Cheon Kim, Department of Surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of KoreaJong Han Yu, Department of Surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of KoreaYoon Kyung Cho, Department of Surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of KoreaChoon Sik Jung, Department of Surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of KoreaSei Hyun Ahn, Department of Surgery, University of Ulsan College o... Breast Cancer Research and Treatment journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5407163 Thu, 10 Nov 2011 16:49:50 +0100 5407163 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5407164&cid=s_33460_6_f&fid=33460&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fjtv843q53l618561%2F Abstract  Aromatase inhibitors (AIs) are widely prescribed for post-menopausal hormone receptor-positive breast cancer; however, musculoskeletal symptoms limit their tolerability. The purpose of this study was to determine whether joint pain in women receiving AIs is associated with inflammatory arthritis as measured by the disease activity score-28 (DAS-28), and to evaluate association with tenosynovitis on ultrasound. A total of 48 postmenopausal women with stage I–III breast cancer and hand pain were recruited from the Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center. Those receiving AIs were cases (n = 25), and those not receiving AIs were controls (n = 23). During a single study visit, subjects underwent blinded rheumatologic evaluation, DAS-28, health assessme... Breast Cancer Research and Treatment journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5407164 Thu, 10 Nov 2011 16:49:48 +0100 5407164 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5407165&cid=s_33460_6_f&fid=33460&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fr69807770841378x%2F This study demonstrates the feasibility of short-term biomarker modulation studies using the contralateral breast of high-risk women. Simvastatin appears to modulate estrone sulfate concentrations and its potential chemopreventive activity in breast cancer warrants further investigation. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Clinical TrialPages 1-10DOI 10.1007/s10549-011-1858-7Authors Michaela J. Higgins, The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 1650 Orleans Street, CRBI, Room 144, Baltimore, MD 21231, USATatiana M. Prowell, The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 1650 Orleans Street, CRBI, Room 144, Baltimore, MD 21231, USAAmanda L. Blackford, The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Canc... Breast Cancer Research and Treatment journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5407165 Thu, 10 Nov 2011 16:49:47 +0100 5407165 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5407166&cid=s_33460_6_f&fid=33460&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F8032214052425408%2F Abstract  There is evidence that aspirin use reduces the risk of breast cancer. Increased mammographic density is known to be associated with increased breast cancer risk. Little is known about the association between mammographic density and aspirin or other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) use, but it is possible that the association between aspirin use and breast cancer risk might be due to the effect of aspirin on mammographic density. Multiple linear regression was used to investigate the association between measures of mammographic density and the use, frequency, and duration of aspirin and other NSAIDs such as paracetamol (acetaminophen), arthritis medication, and other over-the-counter or doctor-prescribed pain medications in 3286 women from the Australi... Breast Cancer Research and Treatment journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5407166 Tue, 08 Nov 2011 19:12:33 +0100 5407166 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5407167&cid=s_33460_6_f&fid=33460&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Ff686p0kq5431p368%2F Abstract  To assess the prognostic value of presurgical CA15.3 in a large cohort of patients with early breast cancer. A total of 7.942 consecutive patients with breast cancer operated at the European Institute of Oncology between 1998 and 2005 and with presurgical values of CA 15.3 available were included. We explored patterns of recurrence by baseline CA 15.3 values. Mean CA15.3 was 17.0 U/ml. CA15.3 was associated with age, tumor size, nodal involvement, Ki-67 labeling index, grade, HER2 expression, molecular subtype, and perivascular invasion. CA15.3 was independently associated with distant metastases [HR > 20 U/ml vs. ≤ 20 U/ml: 1.34 (95% CI 1.15–1.56)] and death [HR > 20 U/ml vs. ≤ 20 U/ml: 1.30 (95% C... Breast Cancer Research and Treatment journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5407167 Tue, 08 Nov 2011 06:50:43 +0100 5407167 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5407168&cid=s_33460_6_f&fid=33460&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F0440744625784160%2F Abstract  Multiple adjuvant regimens are used for HER2+ breast cancer, but experience in routine practice is not reported. We evaluated whether oncologists’ perceptions of these regimens matches clinical experience. We surveyed Wisconsin medical oncologists throughout the state regarding factors impacting selection of TCH (docetaxel, carboplatin, and trastuzumab) or anthracycline-based therapy. We also reviewed 200 cases of HER2+ breast cancer treated at the University of Wisconsin and the Marshfield Clinic and collected data on patient and tumor characteristics, chemotherapy regimen, and toxicities. Two-thirds of surveyed oncologists prefer anthracycline-based therapy, particularly for node-positive cancers. However, TCH was preferred for early-stage (T1a-bN0) tumors. Ha... Breast Cancer Research and Treatment journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5407168 Mon, 07 Nov 2011 17:12:16 +0100 5407168 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5384590&cid=s_33460_6_f&fid=33460&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fmtw541v2745q8050%2F Abstract  The widespread use of systemic and local therapies aimed at spinal metastatic lesions secondary to breast cancer has increased the incidence of mixed osteolytic/osteoblastic patterns of bony disease. The complex structure of these lesions requires novel therapeutic approaches to both reduce tumor burden and restore structural stability. In photodynamic therapy (PDT), a minimally invasive approach can be used to employ light to activate a photosensitizing agent that preferentially accumulates in tumor tissue, leading to cell toxicity and death. Previous work in an osteolytic rat model (MT-1) demonstrated that PDT effectively ablates tumor and improves vertebral structural properties. The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of PDT in a rat model of mixed os... Breast Cancer Research and Treatment journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5384590 Sat, 05 Nov 2011 17:09:15 +0100 5384590 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5384591&cid=s_33460_6_f&fid=33460&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fx0g0905k4l6367v8%2F This study suggests that bilateral breast tumors have somewhat distinct pattern of molecular events as compared to the unilateral disease. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Brief ReportPages 1-11DOI 10.1007/s10549-011-1845-zAuthors Aglaya G. Iyevleva, Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, N. N. Petrov Institute of Oncology, Pesochny-2, 197758 St.-Petersburg, RussiaEkatherina Sh. Kuligina, Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, N. N. Petrov Institute of Oncology, Pesochny-2, 197758 St.-Petersburg, RussiaNathalia V. Mitiushkina, Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, N. N. Petrov Institute of Oncology, Pesochny-2, 197758 St.-Petersburg, RussiaAlexandr V. Togo, Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, N. N. Petrov Institute of Oncology, Pesochny-2, 197758 St.-Petersburg, RussiaYoshio Miki, Department o... Breast Cancer Research and Treatment journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5384591 Fri, 04 Nov 2011 16:54:39 +0100 5384591 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5384593&cid=s_33460_6_f&fid=33460&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fm67h6g3qm440802r%2F Abstract  Cytokines are low molecular weight regulatory proteins or glycoprotein that modulates the intensity and duration of immune response by stimulating or inhibiting the activation, proliferation, and/or differentiation of target cells. Different cytokines are known to have diverse role in breast cancer initiation and progression. Interleukin-10 (IL-10), a pleiotropic anti-inflammatory cytokine, induces immunosuppression and assists in escape from tumor immune surveillance. Like several other cytokines, IL-10 also can exert dual proliferative and inhibitory effect on breast tumor cells indicating a complex role of IL-10 in breast cancer initiation and progression. In this review, we tried to put together a comprehensive current view on significance of IL-10 in promotio... Breast Cancer Research and Treatment journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5384593 Fri, 04 Nov 2011 16:54:38 +0100 5384593 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5384592&cid=s_33460_6_f&fid=33460&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F677v13103071p292%2F Abstract  There has been controversy regarding the accuracy of breast ultrasound elastography (USE) compared to conventional B-mode Ultrasound (USB). The purpose of this study was to conduct a direct comparative effectiveness analysis of USB versus USE or their combination in differentiating breast lesions through systematically reviewing recent literature. An extensive literature search of PubMed and other medical and general purpose databases from inception through August 2011 was conducted. Published studies that reported a direct comparison of the diagnostic performance of USE, using elasticity score versus USB, using breast imaging reporting and data system (BIRADS) for characterization of focal breast lesions were included. Summary diagnostic performance measures were... Breast Cancer Research and Treatment journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5384592 Fri, 04 Nov 2011 16:54:38 +0100 5384592 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5384594&cid=s_33460_6_f&fid=33460&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fg634203102222552%2F Abstract  It has been demonstrated that monoallelic PALB2 (Partner and Localizer of BRCA2) gene mutations predispose to familial breast cancer. Some of the families reported with germline PALB2 mutations presented male breast cancer as a characteristic clinical feature. Therefore, we wanted to investigate the contribution of germline PALB2 mutations in a set of 131 Spanish BRCA1/BRCA2-negative breast/ovarian cancer families with at least one male breast cancer case. The analysis included direct sequencing of all coding exons and intron/exon boundaries as well as a Multiplex Ligation-dependent Probe Amplification-based analysis of genomic rearrangements. For the first time we have identified a genomic rearrangement of PALB2 gene involving a large deletion from exon 7 to 11 in ... Breast Cancer Research and Treatment journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5384594 Thu, 03 Nov 2011 16:55:59 +0100 5384594 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5384595&cid=s_33460_6_f&fid=33460&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F02811k6466v08324%2F Abstract  Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) is a non-obligate precursor to invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC). Annotation of the genetic differences between the two lesions may assist in the identification of genes that promote the invasive phenotype. Synchronous DCIS and IDC cells were microdissected from FFPE tissue and analysed by molecular inversion probe (MIP) copy number arrays. Matched IDC and DCIS showed highly similar copy number profiles (average of 83% of the genome shared) indicating a common clonal origin although there is evidence that the DCIS continues to evolve in parallel with the co-existing IDC. Four chromosomal regions of loss (3q, 6q, 8p and 11q) and four regions of gain (5q, 16p, 19q and 20) were recurrently affected in IDC but not in DCIS. CCND1 and MYC s... Breast Cancer Research and Treatment journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5384595 Thu, 03 Nov 2011 16:55:58 +0100 5384595 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5384596&cid=s_33460_6_f&fid=33460&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fpv74vv36m0v2l256%2F We examined whether mammographic density differed by type of hormone therapy (HT) used, dose, duration of use, time since last use, and whether the effects are modified by age and body mass index (BMI). Using a cross-sectional design, we recruited 2,424 postmenopausal women aged 50–69 years participating in the Norwegian Breast Cancer Screening Program. Mammographic density was assessed with a computer-assisted method, and we estimated mean absolute and percent mammographic density through multiple linear regression, and adjusting for possible confounders. Mammographic density was higher among current HT users (percent density: 22.6%; 95% CI: 22.1–23.2%) than among former (17.7%; 17.2–18.2%) or never users (16.3%; 15.7–16.8%). The highest density was seen in current EPT ... Breast Cancer Research and Treatment journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5384596 Thu, 03 Nov 2011 16:55:57 +0100 5384596 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5384598&cid=s_33460_6_f&fid=33460&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Ft40518821327h666%2F Erratum to: The BRCA2 c.9004G>A (E3002K) variant is likely pathogenic and recurs in breast and/or ovarian cancer families of French Canadian descent Content Type Journal ArticleCategory ErratumPages 1-1DOI 10.1007/s10549-011-1830-6Authors Stephanie Cote, Service de Médecine Génique, Département de Médecine, Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal, Montreal, CanadaSuzanna L. Arcand, The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, CanadaRobert Royer, Department of Public Health, Women’s College Research Institute, The University of Toronto, Toronto, CanadaSerge Nolet, Département de Pathologie, Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal, Montreal, CanadaAnne-Marie Mes-Masson, Institut du cancer de Montréal, Centre de Recherche du Centre ... Breast Cancer Research and Treatment journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5384598 Wed, 02 Nov 2011 16:57:46 +0100 5384598 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5384597&cid=s_33460_6_f&fid=33460&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F351461j430064085%2F Abstract  Breast cancer is the malignant neoplasia with the highest incidence in women worldwide. Chronic oxidative stress and inflammation have been indicated as major mediators during carcinogenesis and cancer progression. Human studies have not considered the complexity of tumor biology during the stages of cancer advance, limiting their clinical application. The purpose of this study was to characterize systemic oxidative stress and immune response parameters in early (ED; TNM I and II) and advanced disease (AD; TNM III and IV) of patients diagnosed with infiltrative ductal carcinoma breast cancer. Oxidative stress parameters were evaluated by plasmatic lipoperoxidation, carbonyl content, thiobarbituric reactive substances (TBARS), nitric oxide levels (NO), total radica... Breast Cancer Research and Treatment journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5384597 Wed, 02 Nov 2011 16:57:46 +0100 5384597 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5384599&cid=s_33460_6_f&fid=33460&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fj4p86628831x2px3%2F Abstract  Breast cancer is a heterogeneous disease with known expression-defined tumor subtypes. DNA copy number studies have suggested that tumors within gene expression subtypes share similar DNA Copy number aberrations (CNA) and that CNA can be used to further sub-divide expression classes. To gain further insights into the etiologies of the intrinsic subtypes, we classified tumors according to gene expression subtype and next identified subtype-associated CNA using a novel method called SWITCHdna, using a training set of 180 tumors and a validation set of 359 tumors. Fisher’s exact tests, Chi-square approximations, and Wilcoxon rank-sum tests were performed to evaluate differences in CNA by subtype. To assess the functional significance of loss of a specific chromosom... Breast Cancer Research and Treatment journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5384599 Wed, 02 Nov 2011 16:57:45 +0100 5384599 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5384600&cid=s_33460_6_f&fid=33460&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fr4k1405650171084%2F Abstract  Clinicians can use biomarkers to guide therapeutic decisions in estrogen receptor positive (ER+) breast cancer. One such biomarker is cellular proliferation as evaluated by Ki-67. This biomarker has been extensively studied and is easily assayed by histopathologists but it is not currently accepted as a standard. This review focuses on its prognostic and predictive value, and on methodological considerations for its measurement and the cut-points used for treatment decision. Data describing study design, patients’ characteristics, methods used and results were extracted from papers published between January 1990 and July 2010. In addition, the studies were assessed using the REMARK tool. Ki-67 is an independent prognostic factor for disease-free survival (HR 1.05... Breast Cancer Research and Treatment journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5384600 Wed, 02 Nov 2011 16:57:44 +0100 5384600 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5384601&cid=s_33460_6_f&fid=33460&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fb20x664864642172%2F Abstract  Measurement of mammographic density (MD), one of the leading risk factors for breast cancer, still relies on subjective assessment. However, the consistency of MD measurement in full-digital mammograms has yet to be evaluated. We studied inter- and intra-rater agreement with respect to estimation of breast density in full-digital mammograms, and tested whether any of the women’s characteristics might have some influence on them. After an initial training period, three experienced radiologists estimated MD using Boyd scale in a left breast cranio-caudal mammogram of 1,431 women, recruited at three Spanish screening centres. A subgroup of 50 randomly selected images was read twice to estimate short-term intra-rater agreement. In addition, a reading of 1,428 of the... Breast Cancer Research and Treatment journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5384601 Mon, 31 Oct 2011 16:53:00 +0100 5384601 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5384603&cid=s_33460_6_f&fid=33460&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fj0324r248v73215g%2F Abstract  Triggering of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) on tumor cells has been found to promote tumor progression by promoting tumor cell proliferation and survival. So far, however, the effect of TLR4 signaling on tumor metastasis has not been well elucidated. Here, we report that triggering of TLR4 on metastatic breast cancer cells could reciprocally regulate the expression of αvβ3 and the expressions of TPM1 and maspin, and promote αvβ3-mediated adhesion and invasive migration of the cells. In metastatic breast cancer cells, TLR4 signaling increased the expression of integrin αvβ3 by activating NF-κB, resulting in the increased adhesion capacity of tumor cells to the ligand for αvβ3, and the increased polymerization of actin and production of MMP-9 in tumor cells i... Breast Cancer Research and Treatment journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5384603 Mon, 31 Oct 2011 16:52:59 +0100 5384603 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5384602&cid=s_33460_6_f&fid=33460&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Ft5m3360750876q83%2F Abstract  The majority of breast cancers are diagnosed in postmenopausal women. Competing comorbidities, particularly cardiovascular disease (CVD), should be considered when individualizing adjuvant therapies for these women. We compared the 10-year predicted breast cancer recurrence risk with CVD risk among postmenopausal women with hormone receptor-positive (HR+), non-metastatic breast cancer. CVD risk factor data were prospectively collected from postmenopausal women with stage I-III, HR+ breast cancer initiating adjuvant aromatase inhibitor therapy. We compared predicted 10-year CVD risk, including the composite index heart age, computed from modified Framingham risk score, with predicted 10-year risk of breast cancer recurrence using Adjuvant! Online. We created m... Breast Cancer Research and Treatment journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5384602 Mon, 31 Oct 2011 16:52:59 +0100 5384602 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5384605&cid=s_33460_6_f&fid=33460&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fh375xx8852w7071l%2F Abstract  Inhibition of the HER-2 pathway via the monoclonal antibody trastuzumab has had a major impact in treatment of HER-2 positive breast cancer, but de novo or acquired resistance may reduce its effectiveness. The known interplay between the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and HER-2 receptors and pathways creates a rationale for combined anti-EGFR and anti-HER-2 therapy in HER-2 positive metastatic breast cancer (MBC), and toxicities associated with the use of multiple chemotherapeutic agents together with biological therapies may also be reduced. We conducted a prospective, single arm, phase I/II trial to determine the efficacy and toxicity of the combination of trastuzumab with the EGFR inhibitor gefitinib and docetaxel, in patients with HER-2 positive MBC. ... Breast Cancer Research and Treatment journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5384605 Mon, 31 Oct 2011 16:52:57 +0100 5384605 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5384604&cid=s_33460_6_f&fid=33460&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fru50wxu8078qw432%2F This study suggests that CEP17 duplication has a borderline association with clinical responsiveness to anthracycline containing chemotherapy similar to previous results seen with HER2 amplification and TOP2A alteration in MA.5. An appropriately powered meta-analysis is required to discriminate the predictive value of these three candidate markers. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Clinical trialPages 1-11DOI 10.1007/s10549-011-1840-4Authors Kathleen I. Pritchard, Sunnybrook Odette Cancer Centre, The University of Toronto, 2075 Bayview Avenue, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, CanadaAlison Munro, Endocrine Cancer Group, Edinburgh Cancer Research Centre, Western General Hospital, Crewe Road South, Edinburgh, EH4 2XR UKFrances P. O’Malley, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, CanadaDongshen... Breast Cancer Research and Treatment journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5384604 Mon, 31 Oct 2011 16:52:57 +0100 5384604 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5384606&cid=s_33460_6_f&fid=33460&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fg63374w05584u723%2F Abstract  Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) has been proposed as a possible etiological agent of breast cancer based on 21 reports of EBV in malignant breast tissues. Most of these studies used standard and nested solution polymerase chain reaction (PCR) techniques, both disadvantaged by susceptibility to contamination from laboratory EBV, and the inability to localize the signal to a specific cell type. To avoid these issues, we used in situ molecular methods of viral detection to reassess the frequency of EBV in malignant breast tissue. We used a commercial in situ hybridization (ISH) system with an EBER genome target, and a non-commercial in situ PCR (IS-PCR) method using primers specific for the BamH1 region. The assays were performed on malignant breast tissue sections from 70... Breast Cancer Research and Treatment journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5384606 Mon, 31 Oct 2011 16:52:55 +0100 5384606 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5384609&cid=s_33460_6_f&fid=33460&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Ff4025237127u5602%2F Abstract  Breast cancer screening programs make it possible to detect early cancer, thus reducing breast cancer mortality. We studied the clinicopathologic characteristics and prognosis of screen-detected invasive breast cancer compared with symptomatic breast cancer. And we compared the result according to molecular subtypes (luminal A, luminal B, Her2, and triple negative), with the goal of identifying the role of screening in each subtypes. From January 2002 to June 2008, 3,141 patients who underwent surgery for the treatment of invasive ductal carcinoma at Samsung Medical Center were included. Among them, 1,025 patients were screen-detected, and 2,116 patients who were screened over 2 years or never were symptomatic. We retrospectively reviewed the clinical and pat... Breast Cancer Research and Treatment journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5384609 Mon, 31 Oct 2011 16:52:54 +0100 5384609 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5384608&cid=s_33460_6_f&fid=33460&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fy1j231733734j1t5%2F Abstract  Flat epithelial atypia (FEA) is a borderline lesion that might represent an early stage in the development of certain low-grade carcinomas in situ and invasive cancers. There are no guidelines on its management. Our objectives were to determine the upgrade to malignancy rate and identify a subpopulation of patients that might undergo just mammographic surveillance. We retrospectively reviewed the data for 271 FEA cases among 5,555 breast core biopsies obtained over a 7-year period (January 2003–2010). We collated clinical data (age, history of cancer, menopausal status), radiological data (lesion type, size, Bi-Rads category), technical data (number of biopsies, needle gauge, excision quality) and histological data and sought correlations between these factors a... Breast Cancer Research and Treatment journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5384608 Mon, 31 Oct 2011 16:52:54 +0100 5384608 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5384607&cid=s_33460_6_f&fid=33460&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F0435vh12n78r3636%2F Abstract  In the last decade, percutaneous breast biopsies have become a standard for the management of breast diseases. Biopsy clips allow for precise lesion localization, thus minimizing the volume of breast to be resected at the time of surgery. With the development of many imaging techniques (including mammography, sonography, and breast magnetic resonance imaging), one of the challenges of the multidisciplinary became to synthesize all informations obtained from the various imaging procedures. The use of biopsy markers after percutaneous biopsy is one of the keys for optimal patient management, helping the radiologist to deal with multiple lesions, to insure correlation across different imaging modalities and to follow-up benign lesions, helping the oncologist by marki... Breast Cancer Research and Treatment journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5384607 Mon, 31 Oct 2011 16:52:54 +0100 5384607 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5384611&cid=s_33460_6_f&fid=33460&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fn6x3130l2t61u884%2F Abstract  The associations between breast tenderness during use of conjugated equine estrogen (CEE) therapy with or without medroxyprogesterone (MPA) therapy and subsequent breast cancer risk are unknown. We analyzed data from the Women’s Health Initiative Estrogen plus Progestin (N = 16,608, 5.6 years intervention) and estrogen-alone (N = 10,739, 6.8 years intervention) clinical trials until trial close-out (Spring 2005). At baseline and annually, participants underwent mammography and clinical breast exam. Self-reported breast tenderness was assessed at baseline and 12 months. Invasive breast cancer was confirmed by medical record review. The risk of new-onset breast tenderness after 12 months was significantly higher among women a... Breast Cancer Research and Treatment journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5384611 Mon, 31 Oct 2011 16:52:53 +0100 5384611 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5384610&cid=s_33460_6_f&fid=33460&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fn756174657145157%2F Abstract  Klotho is a single pass transmembrane protein, associated with premature aging. We identified tumor suppressor activities for klotho, associated with reduced expression in breast cancer. We now aimed to analyze klotho expression in early stages of breast tumorigenesis and elucidate mechanisms leading to klotho silencing in breast tumors. We studied klotho expression, using immunohistochemistry, and found high klotho expression in all normal and mild hyperplasia samples, whereas reduced expression was associated with moderate and atypical ductal hyperplasia. Promoter methylation and histone deacetylation were studied as possible mechanisms for klotho silencing. Using bisulfite sequencing, and methylation-specific PCR, we identified KLOTHO promoter methylation in fiv... Breast Cancer Research and Treatment journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5384610 Mon, 31 Oct 2011 16:52:53 +0100 5384610 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5384612&cid=s_33460_6_f&fid=33460&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fwn236x1567818863%2F Abstract  Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) overexpression is associated with worse prognosis in breast cancer. COX-2 is encoded by a polymorphic gene, called PTGS2, and its expression may be genetically influenced. In this article, we investigate the association between PTGS2 haplotypes and histopathological parameters with prognostic value on the clinical outcome of breast cancer. The study involved 606 women under current treatment for non-metastatic breast cancer. Patients were genotyped for rs689465, rs689466, rs20417, and rs5275, and their haplotypes were inferred. The distribution of PTGS2 genotypes and haplotypes was evaluated according to histopathological categorical groups used for prognostic determination of low/intermediate versus high risk of tumor recurrence. Our result... Breast Cancer Research and Treatment journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5384612 Sun, 30 Oct 2011 05:37:48 +0100 5384612 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5384614&cid=s_33460_6_f&fid=33460&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fg8j77713704p8567%2F Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Letter to the EditorPages 1-2DOI 10.1007/s10549-011-1831-5Authors Hiu-Fung Yuen, Center for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queen’s University of Belfast, Belfast, BT9 7BL UKShu-Dong Zhang, Center for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queen’s University of Belfast, Belfast, BT9 7BL UKAshley San-Yu Wong, Department of Pathology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, HKSAR, ChinaCian M. McCrudden, Center for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queen’s University of Belfast, Belfast, BT9 7BL UKYu-Han Huang, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, A*STAR, Singapore, SingaporeKelvin Yuen-Kwong Chan, Department of Pathology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, HKSAR, ChinaMohamed El-Tanani, Center for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queen�... Breast Cancer Research and Treatment journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5384614 Sat, 29 Oct 2011 05:47:00 +0100 5384614 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5384613&cid=s_33460_6_f&fid=33460&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fgj70x1w8hn010481%2F Abstract  Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths in women. Altered cellular functions of cancer cells lead to uncontrolled cellular growth and morphological changes. Cellular biomembranes are intimately involved in the regulation of cell signaling; however, they remain largely understudied. Phospholipids (PLs) are the main constituents of biological membranes and play important functional, structural and metabolic roles. The aim of this study was to establish if patterns in the PL profiles of mammary epithelial cells and breast cancer cells differ in relation to degree of differentiation and metastatic potential. For this purpose, PLs were analyzed using a lipidomic approach. In brief, PLs were extracted using Bligh and Dyer method, followed by a separa... Breast Cancer Research and Treatment journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5384613 Sat, 29 Oct 2011 05:47:00 +0100 5384613 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5384616&cid=s_33460_6_f&fid=33460&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F8281w3xv514m148t%2F Abstract  A risk prediction model is a statistical tool for estimating the probability that a currently healthy individual with specific risk factors will develop a condition in the future such as breast cancer. Reliably accurate prediction models can inform future disease burdens, health policies and individual decisions. Breast cancer prediction models containing modifiable risk factors, such as alcohol consumption, BMI or weight, condom use, exogenous hormone use and physical activity, are of particular interest to women who might be considering how to reduce their risk of breast cancer and clinicians developing health policies to reduce population incidence rates. We performed a systematic review to identify and evaluate the performance of prediction models for breast c... Breast Cancer Research and Treatment journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5384616 Sat, 29 Oct 2011 05:46:59 +0100 5384616 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5384615&cid=s_33460_6_f&fid=33460&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F0177632756723r41%2F Abstract  The aim of this study was to prospectively evaluate the predictive value of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose–positron emission tomography (FDG–PET) to detect the absence of pathological response to preoperative chemotherapy in patients (pts) with breast cancer. 63 consecutive pts with non-metastatic, non-inflammatory breast cancer, eligible for neoadjuvant chemotherapy (3 FEC 100 followed by 3 Docetaxel) were enrolled. FDG–PET was performed just before the first as well as before the second course. Metabolic activity (tumour FDG uptake) was measured by standardised uptake value (SUVmax). Pts were classified as non-responders (NR) when the decrease of SUVmax in the primary tumour was less than 15% at the time of the second PET (EORTC 1999 criteria). The metabolic respons... Breast Cancer Research and Treatment journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5384615 Sat, 29 Oct 2011 05:46:59 +0100 5384615 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5384617&cid=s_33460_6_f&fid=33460&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fp62g1628914426n1%2F Abstract  Folate may influence breast cancer development and progression through its role in one-carbon metabolism. However, epidemiologic data on the relation between folate and breast cancer survival are limited. We investigated whether dietary folate intake was associated with survival in 3,116 women diagnosed with breast cancer in the population-based Swedish Mammography Cohort. Participants completed a 67-item food frequency questionnaire in 1987. Cox proportional hazard models were used to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) for death from breast cancer and death from any cause. During 25,716 person-years of follow-up from 1987 to 2008, there were 852 deaths with 381 breast cancer deaths. Dietary folate intake was inversely associated ... Breast Cancer Research and Treatment journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5384617 Sat, 29 Oct 2011 05:46:58 +0100 5384617 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5384618&cid=s_33460_6_f&fid=33460&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fn58v401708t4r026%2F Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Letter to the EditorPages 1-4DOI 10.1007/s10549-011-1827-1Authors Christina Justenhoven, Dr. Margarete Fischer-Bosch-Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Stuttgart, GermanyOfure Obazee, Dr. Margarete Fischer-Bosch-Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Stuttgart, GermanyStefan Winter, Dr. Margarete Fischer-Bosch-Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Stuttgart, GermanyFergus J. Couch, Departments of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USAJanet E. Olson, Departments of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USAPer Hall, Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, SwedenUlf Hannelius, Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institute, Stockh... Breast Cancer Research and Treatment journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5384618 Sat, 29 Oct 2011 05:46:55 +0100 5384618 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5384619&cid=s_33460_6_f&fid=33460&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fw82n32np3v062221%2F In conclusion, our study suggests a role of genetic variation in BIRC5, BCL2 and CLU as progression and prognostic markers for BC, supporting previous studies based on the expression of the genes. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory EpidemiologyPages 1-9DOI 10.1007/s10549-011-1826-2Authors Hong Shi, Division of Molecular Genetic Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 580, 69120 Heidelberg, GermanyMelanie Bevier, Division of Molecular Genetic Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 580, 69120 Heidelberg, GermanyRobert Johansson, Department of Radiation Science, Oncology, Umeå University, Umeå, SwedenKerstin Enquist-Olsson, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine/Nutritional Research, Umeå University, Ume�... Breast Cancer Research and Treatment journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5384619 Sat, 29 Oct 2011 05:46:54 +0100 5384619 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5359968&cid=s_33460_6_f&fid=33460&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fk863845788788124%2F Abstract  Metastatic breast cancer to the leptomeninges is a late event in the disease course and is associated with significant morbidity and a grave prognosis. Treatment typically involves direct intrathecal injection of chemotherapy into the cerebrospinal fluid compartment since systemic chemotherapy penetrates poorly to the central nervous system. Here we report an interesting clinical observation involving a patient presenting with leptomeningeal spread of breast cancer causing extensive spinal cord compression with obliteration of the subarachnoid space, thus precluding the use of direct intrathecal chemotherapy. We administered systemic chemotherapy using weekly docetaxel with complete radiographic resolution of her disease and recovery from clinical spinal cord comp... Breast Cancer Research and Treatment journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5359968 Fri, 28 Oct 2011 17:14:43 +0100 5359968 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5359967&cid=s_33460_6_f&fid=33460&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fuugr766072410250%2F Abstract  Breast cancer (BC) is the most common malignancy of women in the developed world. To better understand its pathogenesis, knowledge of normal breast development is crucial, as BC is the result of disregulation of physiologic processes. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of reproductive life stages on the transcriptional profile of the mammary gland in a primate model. Comparative transcriptomic analyses were carried out using breast tissues from 28 female cynomolgus macaques (Macaca fascicularis) at the following life stages: prepubertal (n = 5), adolescent (n = 4), adult luteal (n = 5), pregnant (n = 6), lactating (n = 3), and postmenopausal (n = 5). Mammary gland RNA was hybridized to Affym... Breast Cancer Research and Treatment journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5359967 Fri, 28 Oct 2011 17:14:43 +0100 5359967 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5359969&cid=s_33460_6_f&fid=33460&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F358w6n4q676h6wt8%2F We describe clinician knowledge and treatment referral of patients with BCRL among active oncologists, surgeons, and primary care physicians in the Kaiser Permanente Northern California Medical Care Program. A total of 887 oncologists, surgeons, and primary care clinicians completed a 10-minute web survey from May 2, 2010 to December 31, 2010 on BCRL knowledge, education, and referral patterns. A knowledge score of BCRL was calculated based on clinician responses. Multivariable regression models were used to determine the associations of selected covariates with BCRL knowledge score and clinician referral, respectively. Compared with primary care clinicians, oncologists had the highest mean score followed closely by surgeons (P < 0.0001). In multivariable analyses, being ... Breast Cancer Research and Treatment journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5359969 Fri, 28 Oct 2011 17:14:42 +0100 5359969 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5346896&cid=s_33460_6_f&fid=33460&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fu68l4343m0125045%2F Abstract  Radiation exposure, particularly at a young age, is an established cause of breast cancer. It is not known whether radiation-related breast cancer risk varies by molecular subtype. We characterized the relative risk (RR) of contralateral breast cancer (CBC) related to radiotherapy by histology and estrogen receptor (ER) status of the CBC in five-year survivors in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database using Poisson regression models adjusted for attained age and calendar year, age at and year of treatment, ER status of the first breast cancer, and disease stage. 205,316 female breast cancer survivors were followed for an average of 10 years from 1973 until 2007, during which time 6924 women developed a subsequent primary invasive breast canc... Breast Cancer Research and Treatment journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5346896 Fri, 21 Oct 2011 06:10:32 +0100 5346896 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5335150&cid=s_33460_6_f&fid=33460&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F332hx6215163n484%2F Abstract  Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a heterogeneous disease that is usually associated with poor prognosis, and frequently associated with the basal-like breast cancer gene expression profile. There are no targeted therapeutic modalities for this disease, and no useful biomarkers. High GRB7 RNA expression levels are associated with an elevated risk of recurrence in patients with operable TNBC treated with standard adjuvant anthracycline and taxane therapy. To determine whether GRB7 is involved in the pathobiology of TNBC, we evaluated the biological effects of GRB7 inhibition in a panel of triple-negative cell lines—MDA-MB-468, MDA-MB-231, HCC70, and T4-2. We found GRB7 inhibition reduced cell motility and invasion of these cell lines and promoted cell death ... Breast Cancer Research and Treatment journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5335150 Mon, 17 Oct 2011 16:00:57 +0100 5335150