MedWorm.com provides a medical RSS filtering service. Over 6000 RSS medical sources are combined and output via different filters. This feed contains the latest items from the 'British Journal of Ophthalmology' source. Wed, 08 Feb 2012 23:31:35 +0100 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5599776&cid=s_32282_30_f&fid=32282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbjo.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F96%2F2%2F306%3Frss%3D1 As we mentioned in our manuscript, there were some limitations in our study.1 The per-operative measurements were performed by two different observers, and observer 2 was trained by observer 1. In this way we think inter-observer variability will be minimal. In our analyses stratification by observer did not shown any statistically significant differences, and in the multivariate models surgeon (= observer) did not play a significant role, as was mentioned (briefly) in the results. There were different types of intraocular lens implantation implanted. Stratification on lens type did not show statistically significant differences in rate of refractive change, nor in prediction error. However, the subgroups became relatively small to get reliable results. Therefore we did not stratify for th... British Journal of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5599776 Mon, 16 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5599776 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5599775&cid=s_32282_30_f&fid=32282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbjo.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F96%2F2%2F305-b%3Frss%3D1 To the Editor We read the article on ‘Prediction error and myopic shift after intraocular lens implantation in paediatric cataract patients’ by Hoevenaars and colleagues1 with great interest. It studied myopic shift, which is an important consideration when choosing the intraocular lens (IOL) power to be implanted in paediatric cataract patients. The authors yielded an equation using multiple regression analyses to predict myopisation (p=0.00001), and importantly pointed out that corneal radii would affect the prediction error. We had the following observations and comments. The authors stated that preoperative axial length measurements were performed using the Alcon Ocuscan. This system has both immersion and contact capability. The authors did not state which technique they e... British Journal of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5599775 Mon, 16 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5599775 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5599773&cid=s_32282_30_f&fid=32282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbjo.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F96%2F2%2F302%3Frss%3D1 Introduction Diabetic retinopathy (DR), branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO) and central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) are frequently complicated by macular oedema (MO), a condition that arises as a direct consequence of blood–retinal barrier (BRB) breakdown and the subsequent increase in vascular permeability. Accumulating evidence suggests that the upregulation of inflammatory factors or the downregulation of anti-inflammatory factors and a subsequent increase in leucocyte–endothelial interactions contribute to disruption of tight junctions and BRB breakdown.1 2 Recently, clinical treatment has become available to reduce the ocular expression of inflammatory cytokines. Intravitreal injection of triamcinolone acetonide (TA) is effective for reducing macular thickness in patien... British Journal of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5599773 Mon, 16 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5599773 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5599772&cid=s_32282_30_f&fid=32282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbjo.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F96%2F2%2F300%3Frss%3D1 Corneal endotheliitis, a specific inflammation targeted primarily to the corneal endothelium, is characterised by cornea oedema, keratic precipitates (KPs) and a mild anterior chamber reaction.1–3 Several viruses, including herpes simplex virus (HSV), varicella zoster virus (VZV), mumps and cytomegatovirus (CMV), have been implicated in the aetiology of the disease.1–3 Based on its definition, allograft endothelial rejection after keratoplasty can be included in the corneal endotheliitis. Here, we report a patient with corneal endotheliitis occurring after penetrating keratoplasty for Fuchs corneal endothelial dystrophy. Case report A 65-year-old Taiwanese female without previous ocular illness but arrhythmias and mitral valve prolapse history presented with progressive corneal... British Journal of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5599772 Mon, 16 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5599772 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5599771&cid=s_32282_30_f&fid=32282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbjo.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F96%2F2%2F293%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion CE cells impair the effector functions and activation of IL-17-producing helper T cells in a cell-contact-dependent mechanism. Thus, corneal endothelium may contribute to the maintenance of the privileged immune status in the eye by inducing peripheral immune tolerance. (Source: British Journal of Ophthalmology) British Journal of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5599771 Mon, 16 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5599771 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5599770&cid=s_32282_30_f&fid=32282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbjo.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F96%2F2%2F289%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions This is the first study that shows an association between the 2245A allele of the RAGE gene and development of diabetic retinopathy in the Malaysian population. (Source: British Journal of Ophthalmology) British Journal of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5599770 Mon, 16 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5599770 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5599769&cid=s_32282_30_f&fid=32282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbjo.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F96%2F2%2F284%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion An ‘equivocal’ T-SPOT.TB result is associated with patients aged >55 years. Such patients are likely to have a negative QuantiFERON-TB Gold In-tube result. (Source: British Journal of Ophthalmology) British Journal of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5599769 Mon, 16 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5599769 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5599768&cid=s_32282_30_f&fid=32282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbjo.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F96%2F2%2F281%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions OPMD could have been diagnosed earlier in every patient in this case series. Greater awareness of OPMD among ophthalmologists, gastroenterologists and otolaryngologists may lead to earlier diagnosis, improved management and avoidance of unnecessary investigations. (Source: British Journal of Ophthalmology) British Journal of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5599768 Mon, 16 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5599768 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5599767&cid=s_32282_30_f&fid=32282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbjo.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F96%2F2%2F276%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions Idiopathic orbital inflammation or orbital myositis can recur on a different extraocular muscle and on the contralateral orbit. These cases can be successfully treated with orally administered or intralesionally injected steroids. (Source: British Journal of Ophthalmology) British Journal of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5599767 Mon, 16 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5599767 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5599766&cid=s_32282_30_f&fid=32282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbjo.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F96%2F2%2F271%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion The reproducibility of threshold algorithm line failure correction was good overall in Stratus and Cirrus OCT and can therefore be recommended to improve retinal thickness measurement, particularly when experienced examiners perform the corrections. (Source: British Journal of Ophthalmology) British Journal of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5599766 Mon, 16 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5599766 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5599765&cid=s_32282_30_f&fid=32282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbjo.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F96%2F2%2F267%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions Both the amount of astigmatism and the pupil size can affect UCVA in astigmatic eyes. It is suggested that not only the amount of astigmatism but also the pupil size should be taken into consideration for acquiring better visual performance in astigmatic eyes. (Source: British Journal of Ophthalmology) British Journal of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5599765 Mon, 16 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5599765 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5599764&cid=s_32282_30_f&fid=32282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbjo.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F96%2F2%2F263%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions This study provides evidence that iridotomy with pretreatment using a continuous-wave Nd:YAG laser is safer and more effective than pulsed Nd:YAG-only laser iridotomy for dark irides and should be considered as the preferred technique. (Source: British Journal of Ophthalmology) British Journal of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5599764 Mon, 16 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5599764 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5599763&cid=s_32282_30_f&fid=32282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbjo.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F96%2F2%2F258%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions Eye care providers and researchers could use these shorter scales to identify subjects with either poor glaucoma medication adherence and/or eye drop instillation technique. This could help to identify those who may benefit most from education and training on both adherence and eye drop instillation. (Source: British Journal of Ophthalmology) British Journal of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5599763 Mon, 16 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5599763 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5599762&cid=s_32282_30_f&fid=32282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbjo.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F96%2F2%2F254%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion Although CH is influenced by IOP, baseline CH is independently associated with the magnitude of IOP reduction with PGA therapy. (Source: British Journal of Ophthalmology) British Journal of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5599762 Mon, 16 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5599762 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5599761&cid=s_32282_30_f&fid=32282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbjo.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F96%2F2%2F250%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions ELC did not provide significant additional IOP reduction compared with no ELC in patients using chronic prostaglandin monotherapy. Trial Registration http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT0083283 (Source: British Journal of Ophthalmology) British Journal of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5599761 Mon, 16 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5599761 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5599760&cid=s_32282_30_f&fid=32282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbjo.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F96%2F2%2F246%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion There is no clear association between central graft, or total corneal, thickness and visual acuity following DSEK. (Source: British Journal of Ophthalmology) British Journal of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5599760 Mon, 16 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5599760 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5599759&cid=s_32282_30_f&fid=32282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbjo.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F96%2F2%2F240%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion Serum anti-La/SSB antibody, serum anti-Ro/SSA antibody and tear IL-17 are likely to be strongly involved in the clinical severity of KCS in patients with primary SS. (Source: British Journal of Ophthalmology) British Journal of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5599759 Mon, 16 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5599759 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5599758&cid=s_32282_30_f&fid=32282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbjo.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F96%2F2%2F234%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion Labial mucous membrane and minor salivary glands transplantation were found to constitute a good option for the treatment of severe symblepharon and dry eye secondary to SJS. This may be considered as a step prior to limbal stem cell and corneal transplantation in these patients. (Source: British Journal of Ophthalmology) British Journal of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5599758 Mon, 16 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5599758 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5599757&cid=s_32282_30_f&fid=32282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbjo.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F96%2F2%2F229%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion Consecutive repeated applications of filter paper significantly increased the diagnostic sensitivity of IC for the diagnosis of CIN. (Source: British Journal of Ophthalmology) British Journal of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5599757 Mon, 16 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5599757 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5599756&cid=s_32282_30_f&fid=32282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbjo.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F96%2F2%2F224%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion This study revealed that SD-OCT provided deeper and higher resolution images of choroidal osteoma when compared with previous studies using time domain-OCT. These findings offer new insights into the pathophysiology and diagnosis of choroidal osteoma. (Source: British Journal of Ophthalmology) British Journal of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5599756 Mon, 16 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5599756 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5599755&cid=s_32282_30_f&fid=32282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbjo.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F96%2F2%2F220%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion This study suggests that the approach described can act as a diagnostic tool for retinal disease identification. Simultaneous multi-level classification of abnormal images is possible with high accuracy using artificial neural networks. The results also suggest that the approach is time-efficient, which is essential for ophthalmologic applications. (Source: British Journal of Ophthalmology) British Journal of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5599755 Mon, 16 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5599755 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5599754&cid=s_32282_30_f&fid=32282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbjo.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F96%2F2%2F218%3Frss%3D1 Coccidioidomycosis can simulate an intraocular neoplasm. We reviewed a case report of a 10-year-old girl who was referred with an intraocular tumour. This tumour consisted of a coccidioidomycosis infection in the eye. The eye was blind and painful so it was removed. (Source: British Journal of Ophthalmology) British Journal of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5599754 Mon, 16 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5599754 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5599753&cid=s_32282_30_f&fid=32282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbjo.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F96%2F2%2F213%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion In KCNV2 retinopathy foveal morphological changes are evident on SD-OCT even in the early stages of disease. However, there appears to be a window of opportunity, before marked structural damage has occurred, during which novel therapeutic intervention, such as gene replacement therapy, may rescue retinal function. (Source: British Journal of Ophthalmology) British Journal of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5599753 Mon, 16 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5599753 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5599752&cid=s_32282_30_f&fid=32282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbjo.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F96%2F2%2F208%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions This study reports preliminary evidence suggesting that the higher AMD risk genotypes in CFH, VEGF and HTRA1 may influence the short-term response to treatment with ranibizumab for neovascular AMD. (Source: British Journal of Ophthalmology) British Journal of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5599752 Mon, 16 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5599752 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5599751&cid=s_32282_30_f&fid=32282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbjo.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F96%2F2%2F201%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion In vivo assessment of retinal layer morphology allows a precise identification of the pathophysiology in retinal ischaemia. (Source: British Journal of Ophthalmology) British Journal of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5599751 Mon, 16 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5599751 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5599750&cid=s_32282_30_f&fid=32282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbjo.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F96%2F2%2F197%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion There are two types of macular holes (MHs) in highly myopic eyes with distinctly different prognoses. Preoperative OCT images must be interpreted carefully to determine the precise surgical results. Retinoschisis negatively impacts vitrectomy for HMMHs. (Source: British Journal of Ophthalmology) British Journal of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5599750 Mon, 16 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5599750 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5599749&cid=s_32282_30_f&fid=32282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbjo.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F96%2F2%2F193%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions This technique of 20-gauge TSV achieves good wound apposition with a low incidence of complications while using standard 20-gauge instrumentation and vitrectomy techniques. (Source: British Journal of Ophthalmology) British Journal of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5599749 Mon, 16 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5599749 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5599748&cid=s_32282_30_f&fid=32282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbjo.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F96%2F2%2F189%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions Two-quadrant sub-Tenon's anaesthesia using 10 ml of a 50:50 mixture of 2% lidocaine and 0.5% bupivacaine with 150 IU hyaluronidase seems to be more effective than a single-quadrant technique at reducing intraoperative and postoperative pain during vitrectomy. (Source: British Journal of Ophthalmology) British Journal of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5599748 Mon, 16 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5599748 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5599747&cid=s_32282_30_f&fid=32282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbjo.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F96%2F2%2F185%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion Macular-hole surgery with SF6 gas achieves similar results to C2F6 and is absorbed faster, allowing quicker visual rehabilitation for the patient. (Source: British Journal of Ophthalmology) British Journal of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5599747 Mon, 16 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5599747 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5599746&cid=s_32282_30_f&fid=32282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbjo.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F96%2F2%2F179%3Frss%3D1 Anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) therapy has been shown to be effective at improving vision in patients with macular oedema due to diabetic retinopathy and vein occlusions, but blocking VEGF at least in theory could be detrimental to vascular integrity. For this reason, some patients with macular ischaemia were excluded from studies showing the effectiveness of therapy. A considerable number of patients present with mixed pathology of macular oedema and macular ischaemia and it is often impossible to determine the degree to which ischaemia accounts for decreased vision. In this review, the authors have dealt with the specific question of whether or not there is evidence to support potential worsening of the macular perfusion and visual function after anti-VEGF treatment ... British Journal of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5599746 Mon, 16 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5599746 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5599745&cid=s_32282_30_f&fid=32282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbjo.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F96%2F2%2F167%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion For some patients with DMO, VEGF inhibitors seem to be more effective as a short-term treatment option than alternative therapies. The evidence is not of sufficient quality to confirm safety. Decisions on financing should take into account the high price difference between the products and ongoing research. (Source: British Journal of Ophthalmology) British Journal of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5599745 Mon, 16 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5599745 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5599744&cid=s_32282_30_f&fid=32282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbjo.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F96%2F2%2F162%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion The prevalence of open-angle glaucoma among indigenous Australians within central Australia was 0.52% for those aged ≥40 years. After adjustment for the age distribution of our sample, this is one-third the prevalence seen among the non-indigenous Australian population and is despite a higher prevalence of ocular parameters considered to be associated with glaucoma. (Source: British Journal of Ophthalmology) British Journal of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5599744 Mon, 16 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5599744 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5599743&cid=s_32282_30_f&fid=32282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbjo.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F96%2F2%2F161%3Frss%3D1 The phenomenon of reflection lies at the heart of our ability to see objects. Almost all natural light emanates from the stars including the sun. Light reflected from objects is focused on the retina of the eye creating images that allow the beholder to perceive objects. Light, reflection and eye(s) make intriguing ingredients of many legends in mythology as illustrated in the following story: When King of Argos, Acrisius, visited the Oracle at Delphi, it was prophesised that he would die at the hands of his daughter's son. His daughter, Danae, was childless at the time and in order to ensure she did not bear a son, Acrisius imprisoned her. However, the Greek god Zeus, came to Danae as a ‘shower of golden rain’ in the prison and a son, Perseus was born to Danae.1 Acrisius learn... British Journal of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5599743 Mon, 16 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5599743 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5599742&cid=s_32282_30_f&fid=32282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbjo.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F96%2F2%2F156%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion This study provides baseline information on prevalence of all grades of retinopathy and STDR in consecutive cases attending an urban/semi-urban diabetes clinic in sub-Saharan Africa. Prevalence of STDR was high and in type 2 diabetes was associated with albuminuria, neuropathy and insulin use. (Source: British Journal of Ophthalmology) British Journal of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5599742 Mon, 16 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5599742 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5599741&cid=s_32282_30_f&fid=32282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbjo.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F96%2F2%2F151%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions In addition to traditional risk factors, insulin resistance was associated with an increased risk of DR in Koreans with type 2 diabetes. (Source: British Journal of Ophthalmology) British Journal of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5599741 Mon, 16 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5599741 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5599740&cid=s_32282_30_f&fid=32282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbjo.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F96%2F2%2Fi%3Frss%3D1 Diabetic retinopathy in Koreans: Seoul Diabetes Prevention Program Park et al evaluated the prevalence of and risk factors for diabetic retinopathy (DR) in Koreans with type II diabetes (400 male, 296 female; aged 30–65 years) enrolled in the Seoul Metro-City Diabetes Prevention Program (SMC-DPP). The overall prevalence of any type of DR was 18.7%. In addition to traditional risk factors (duration of diabetes, serum HbA1c, mean arterial pressure, serum total cholesterol and serum triglycerides) insulin resistance was associated with an increased risk of DR. (see page 151) Sub-Tenon's anaesthesia for vitrectomy: a randomised trial Gill et al compared the efficacy and safety of a two-quadrant technique that allows the use of a higher volume of local anaesthetic in 54 patients unde... British Journal of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5599740 Mon, 16 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5599740 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5496490&cid=s_32282_30_f&fid=32282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbjo.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F96%2F1%2F145%3Frss%3D1 Anorexia nervosa (AN) is an eating disorder (ED) characterised by the refusal to maintain body weight at or above normal, intense fear of gaining weight, disturbance of body shape perception, and amenorrhoea in women.1 There are two types of AN3: restrictive (reduction in daily energy intake) and binge/purging (binge-eating episodes followed by compensatory behaviour to prevent weight gain: vomiting, drug misuse, excessive physical exercise).2 A recent publication by Moschos et al3 showed a lower foveal and inferior retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL) thickness and significantly lower dopamine levels in 13 women with AN compared with controls. Multifocal electroretinography showed poorer macular function but no differences in best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) in the women with AN. The autho... British Journal of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5496490 Mon, 12 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5496490 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5496489&cid=s_32282_30_f&fid=32282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbjo.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F96%2F1%2F143%3Frss%3D1 The Vision 2020: Right to Sight Initiative calls for the inclusion of primary eye care (PEC) in primary healthcare interventions. To date, there is no agreement on a definition for PEC or how best to implement it.1 It has variously involved village health workers (VHWs) delivering health education to communities to prevent eye diseases, or general health workers at primary level facilities receiving training in basic eye health education, diagnosis and treatment.2 The Timor-Leste National Eye Health Survey (TLEHS) 2010, a population-based cross-sectional survey of adults aged ≥40 years, enabled exploration of actual and anticipated use of eye health services in Timor-Leste and provided an opportunity to consider a definition of PEC in this context. The majority of Timor-Leste's 1.1... British Journal of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5496489 Mon, 12 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5496489 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5496488&cid=s_32282_30_f&fid=32282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbjo.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F96%2F1%2F141%3Frss%3D1 We estimated the Kenyan retinoblastoma incidence, and distribution by age, sex, family history, ethnicity and province. A nationwide chart-review identified retinoblastoma cases between 1 January 2006 and 31 December 2007 (supplementary methods). We observed 206 cases in 46 Kenyan healthcare facilities, of which 58 (28%) were lost after referral, and 148 (72%) were traceable (figure 1). We excluded 16 cases, comprising 3 missing files and 13 with histology inconsistent with retinoblastoma (figure 2), leaving 132 cases. The concordance of 91% of available histological reports with the initial clinical diagnosis indicates that initial clinical diagnosis of retinoblastoma is performed adequately. We estimated a total of 84 new retinoblastoma cases in 2007, based on 57 confirmed cases and 27 p... British Journal of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5496488 Mon, 12 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5496488 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5496487&cid=s_32282_30_f&fid=32282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbjo.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F96%2F1%2F140%3Frss%3D1 In patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA)-associated anterior uveitis, secondary open angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension frequently develop during the clinical course of disease.1 Appropriate topical antiglaucomatous treatment should be started immediately after diagnosis in order to prevent the occurrence of irreversible optic neuropathy. The main underlying causes of elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) include congestion of the trabecular meshwork due to cells and debris and morphological changes in the outflow pathway.2 As screening for glaucoma in these patients can be challenging due to their young age, it is helpful to know when elevated IOP first occurred with respect to disease activity. Patients and methods We retrospectively analysed the time of occurrence of eleva... British Journal of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5496487 Mon, 12 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5496487 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5496486&cid=s_32282_30_f&fid=32282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbjo.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F96%2F1%2F138%3Frss%3D1 Cataract surgery in eyes with coloboma can present intraoperative challenges and pose greater risk of complications because of the associated ocular malformations.1 2 There may be associated scleral weakness in the fetal cleft region, zonular deficiency, poor pupillary dilatation and accompanied microphthalmos. In addition, these eyes are to be handled with great caution due to the increased risk of retinal detachment, association of maculopathy and poor surgical results. There are very few reports on the outcomes of cataract surgery in eyes with congenital coloboma owing to its relatively infrequent occurrence. The aim of this study is to describe our experience of cataract surgery in 26 eyes of 25 patients with congenital iridolenticular choroidal coloboma. Methods From January 2009 to D... British Journal of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5496486 Mon, 12 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5496486 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5496485&cid=s_32282_30_f&fid=32282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbjo.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F96%2F1%2F137%3Frss%3D1 In this report, we compare re-epithelialisation time in men and women using data collected as part of a prospective, randomised clinical trial on fungal corneal ulcers. Methods Clinical outcome measures were obtained in a standardised manner from a clinical trial on fungal corneal ulcers, which has been previously described.2 Patients were randomised to voriconazole or natamycin and to rescraping or no rescraping of the corneal epithelium at 1 and 2 weeks after a positive fungal smear. Epithelial defect size and infiltrate/scar size were measured by slit-lamp examination every 3 days (±1 day) until re-epithelialisation. Re-epithelialisation time was defined as the midpoint between the last observed date with an epithelial defect and the date of the first visit with... (Sou... British Journal of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5496485 Mon, 12 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5496485 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5496484&cid=s_32282_30_f&fid=32282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbjo.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F96%2F1%2F136%3Frss%3D1 In this study, we developed a novel ‘lock-and-key’ configuration for PK by using the femtosecond laser (IntraLase FS Laser, Abbott Medical Optics, US) and compared its mechanical stability against traditional and mushroom-shaped PK... (Source: British Journal of Ophthalmology) British Journal of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5496484 Mon, 12 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5496484 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5496483&cid=s_32282_30_f&fid=32282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbjo.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F96%2F1%2F134%3Frss%3D1 Case report A 37-year-old man was diagnosed with angle-closure glaucoma during a routine screening by his local ophthalmologist. He reported a family history of glaucoma; medical history was unremarkable. He had a laser iridotomy in the right eye (OD). His intraocular pressure (IOP) OD continued to be elevated over 3 years, and he underwent laser trabeculoplasty. He first presented to our institution for blurred vision 1 week following laser trabeculoplasty. On examination, visual acuity (VA) was 20/60 OD and 20/20 in the left eye (OS). IOPs were 38 mmHg OD and 8 mmHg OS. There was corneal oedema and a ‘beaten-metal’ appearance to the endothelium OD. Gonioscopy revealed extensive peripheral anterior synechiae (PAS) inferiorly OD and normal angle structures O... British Journal of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5496483 Mon, 12 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5496483 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5496482&cid=s_32282_30_f&fid=32282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbjo.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F96%2F1%2F133%3Frss%3D1 A 62-year-old lady presented to the clinic in September 2009 complaining of a 1-month history of decreased vision in the left eye with no associated pain or redness. On examination, the logMAR best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was –0.1 in the right eye (RE) and +0.5 in the left eye (LE). Slit-lamp examination of the LE revealed a subepithelial whitish flat lesion, 4 mm by 1.5 mm. This was surrounded by multiple well-defined translucent spots (figure 1). The corneal periphery showed a faint grey ring. The intraocular pressure was 16 mm Hg. Fundus examination was normal. The RE examination was unremarkable except for a faint grey ring at the corneal periphery. Questions What other relevant history would one elicit in this case? What is the likely clinical diagnosis? Wh... British Journal of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5496482 Mon, 12 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5496482 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5496481&cid=s_32282_30_f&fid=32282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbjo.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F96%2F1%2F128%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions Gene expression profiling has demonstrated that HUVEC are probably not a suitable surrogate for the study of ocular angiogenic disorders. There are also significant differences in the gene expression of human retinal and choroidal endothelial cells, which may be important in the mechanism and treatment of choroidal and retinal neovascularisation. (Source: British Journal of Ophthalmology) British Journal of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5496481 Mon, 12 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5496481 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5496480&cid=s_32282_30_f&fid=32282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbjo.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F96%2F1%2F122%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions Buttons for endothelial keratoplasty can be created with FS laser with a stromal interface quality comparable with that of refractive surgery. (Source: British Journal of Ophthalmology) British Journal of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5496480 Mon, 12 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5496480 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5496479&cid=s_32282_30_f&fid=32282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbjo.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F96%2F1%2F118%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion The distance between the posterior ethmoidal foramen and optic canal is more than double the distance quoted in the surgical literature. This is due to a high incidence of ethmoidal foramina variation. Surgeons operating on the medial orbital wall of a Caucasian population must be aware of these variations as they are a source of haemorrhage and act as landmarks of proximity to the optic canal. (Source: British Journal of Ophthalmology) British Journal of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5496479 Mon, 12 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5496479 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5496478&cid=s_32282_30_f&fid=32282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbjo.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F96%2F1%2F114%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions Based on the National Health Service national tariff, a PCT during cataract surgery results in significant additional financial cost to healthcare purchasers. A full cost analysis would be required to estimate the additional cost of a PCT for the healthcare provider. (Source: British Journal of Ophthalmology) British Journal of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5496478 Mon, 12 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5496478 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5496477&cid=s_32282_30_f&fid=32282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbjo.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F96%2F1%2F110%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions Rhegmatogenous pathology in the fellow eye represents an important threat to vision. Fellow-eye detachments are more common in pseudophakic individuals and those with a more myopic refractive error. Fellow-eye RRD has a greater likelihood of prompt presentation. (Source: British Journal of Ophthalmology) British Journal of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5496477 Mon, 12 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5496477 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5496476&cid=s_32282_30_f&fid=32282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbjo.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F96%2F1%2F104%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions mfPERG amplitude measurements clearly differentiate eyes with temporal VF defect from controls. The good correlation between mfPERG amplitudes and the severity of VF defect suggests that mfPERG may be used as an indicator of ganglion cell dysfunction. Clinical trial registration number ClinicalTrial.gov identifier number NCT00553761. (Source: British Journal of Ophthalmology) British Journal of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5496476 Mon, 12 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5496476 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5496475&cid=s_32282_30_f&fid=32282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbjo.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F96%2F1%2F99%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions Increasing age at the diagnosis of uveitis, the presence of posterior synechiae and the positivity of high-resolution chest CT are associated with 18F-FDG PET scan signs consistent with sarcoidosis. (Source: British Journal of Ophthalmology) British Journal of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5496475 Mon, 12 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5496475 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5496474&cid=s_32282_30_f&fid=32282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbjo.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F96%2F1%2F93%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions The Topcon 3D OCT Viewer analysed Stratus OCT data very well and displayed better segmentation performance. The Topcon 3D OCT Viewer program can be used interchangeably for the measurement of macular thickness, but careful interpretation by a clinician is needed. (Source: British Journal of Ophthalmology) British Journal of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5496474 Mon, 12 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5496474 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5496473&cid=s_32282_30_f&fid=32282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbjo.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F96%2F1%2F90%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion Dry eye syndrome in children is often accompanied by systemic disease, so in a child with persistent symptoms this should be explored. Punctal plugs offer a safe and effective form of treatment especially as compliance of frequent lubrication is limited in children. (Source: British Journal of Ophthalmology) British Journal of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5496473 Mon, 12 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5496473 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5496472&cid=s_32282_30_f&fid=32282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbjo.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F96%2F1%2F87%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion This case series significantly increases the evidence for PSU currently available in the world literature. The condition can manifest with the full spectrum of ocular inflammation, and most cases respond well to standard uveitis regimens. The role of antibiotic therapy remains unclear and requires further investigation. (Source: British Journal of Ophthalmology) British Journal of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5496472 Mon, 12 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5496472 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5496471&cid=s_32282_30_f&fid=32282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbjo.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F96%2F1%2F83%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion The Plusoptix is a useful objective screening instrument, but still has low specificity for detecting amblyopia risk factors in the paediatric population. (Source: British Journal of Ophthalmology) British Journal of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5496471 Mon, 12 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5496471 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5496470&cid=s_32282_30_f&fid=32282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbjo.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F96%2F1%2F78%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions The 3D Strabismus Photo Analyzer is a simple and reliable tool for measuring ocular deviation. It has excellent agreement with the Krimsky test and substantially improved reproducibility. (Source: British Journal of Ophthalmology) British Journal of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5496470 Mon, 12 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5496470 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5496469&cid=s_32282_30_f&fid=32282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbjo.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F96%2F1%2F73%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion SPEM show an intensive maturation between 2 and 6 months of life. By 6 months of age SPEM have already reached an almost adult-like gain of 0.8 or higher. Further maturation is slow and still incomplete by the age of 18 months. Stimulus velocity and size have an important impact on the smooth pursuit quality, which should be considered in smooth pursuit testing in infants. (Source: British Journal of Ophthalmology) British Journal of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5496469 Mon, 12 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5496469 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5496468&cid=s_32282_30_f&fid=32282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbjo.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F96%2F1%2F68%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions The mean vertical cup/disc ratio was 0.4 in this 6-year-old sample. Planimetric optic nerve head measures and population prevalence findings for optic disc signs in this population could be regarded as normative data for ophthalmologists in clinical settings. (Source: British Journal of Ophthalmology) British Journal of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5496468 Mon, 12 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5496468 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5496467&cid=s_32282_30_f&fid=32282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbjo.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F96%2F1%2F62%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion (1) Contrast sensitivity is reduced in MS versus HC; (2) RNFL and TMV as morphological measures of retinal axonal loss are predictors of contrast sensitivity as a functional visual parameter in MS but not in HC; and (3) FACT with the contrast box is a novel, feasible and rapid method to assess contrast sensitivity in MS. (Source: British Journal of Ophthalmology) British Journal of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5496467 Mon, 12 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5496467 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5496466&cid=s_32282_30_f&fid=32282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbjo.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F96%2F1%2F57%3Frss%3D1 Discussion Axial length influences measurements of RNFL thickness and ONH parameters in healthy subjects. Caution is recommended when comparing the measured values of myopic and hyperopic eyes with the normative database of the instrument. (Source: British Journal of Ophthalmology) British Journal of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5496466 Mon, 12 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5496466 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5496465&cid=s_32282_30_f&fid=32282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbjo.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F96%2F1%2F53%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions An increased ONSD is generally associated with increased intracranial pressure; however, ONSDs in a group of NTG patients also were significantly increased compared with controls. ON sheath compartmentation and thinning of the ON sheath are two possible explanations for an increase in the ONSD in patients with NTG. (Source: British Journal of Ophthalmology) British Journal of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5496465 Mon, 12 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5496465 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5496464&cid=s_32282_30_f&fid=32282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbjo.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F96%2F1%2F47%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions Substantial structural loss (~17%) appears to be necessary for functional loss to be detectable using the current testing methods. (Source: British Journal of Ophthalmology) British Journal of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5496464 Mon, 12 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5496464 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5496463&cid=s_32282_30_f&fid=32282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbjo.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F96%2F1%2F42%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions The new GAT digital is as reliable and safe as GAT standard. IOP values correlate well. It offers a digitised display and a wireless transfer of data. The display of values up to the first decimal digit is not necessarily associated with a more precise measurement, but may offer an additional comfort compared with the 2 mm Hg scale of the classic GAT. (Source: British Journal of Ophthalmology) British Journal of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5496463 Mon, 12 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5496463 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5496462&cid=s_32282_30_f&fid=32282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbjo.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F96%2F1%2F38%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion A wide variation exists in the management of blebitis among glaucoma consultants. A standard treatment regime does not exist at the moment. Further research is needed to ascertain effective strategies to manage this condition. (Source: British Journal of Ophthalmology) British Journal of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5496462 Mon, 12 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5496462 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5496461&cid=s_32282_30_f&fid=32282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbjo.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F96%2F1%2F34%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion The data in this study suggested that the severity and onset time of DE were affected by the stem cell source. Close attention must be paid to the development of late-onset severe DE in PBSCT recipients. (Source: British Journal of Ophthalmology) British Journal of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5496461 Mon, 12 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5496461 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5496460&cid=s_32282_30_f&fid=32282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbjo.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F96%2F1%2F28%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion MICOF KPro provided useful vision for the end stage of autoimmune dry eyes in our study. Anatomical stability of KPro was achieved in all cases using repair and reinforcing surgery. (Source: British Journal of Ophthalmology) British Journal of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5496460 Mon, 12 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5496460 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5496459&cid=s_32282_30_f&fid=32282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbjo.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F96%2F1%2F24%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion EK without Descemet's membrane stripping in eyes with previous PK graft failure/rejection is a valuable alternative to a repeat full thickness PK. (Source: British Journal of Ophthalmology) British Journal of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5496459 Mon, 12 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5496459 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5496458&cid=s_32282_30_f&fid=32282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbjo.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F96%2F1%2F21%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion Tachyphylaxis can occur during the treatment of exudative AMD with ranibizumab. The precise mechanism for the development of tachyphylaxis is unclear. Both local and systemic factors might be involved. (Source: British Journal of Ophthalmology) British Journal of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5496458 Mon, 12 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5496458 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5496457&cid=s_32282_30_f&fid=32282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbjo.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F96%2F1%2F20%3Frss%3D1 Surgical intervention in the management of diseases afflicting the human race is probably as old as Medicine itself. Ancient Roman medicine had prominent divisions such as Internal Medicine, Ophthalmology and Urology.1 Ancient ‘surgeons’ had access to a variety of instruments that were crafted with elegance and precision. The instruments were made of iron, bronze or a combination of the two metals.2 These instruments were used for a variety of procedures and often had multiple uses. Scalpels, hooks, drills, holding and crushing forceps, sharp pointed needles and retracting specula were all available.2 Handles of scalpels were designed to be thin or thick, short and long to enable incisions to be ‘artistically’ fashioned according to need. Hooks were either blunt tip... British Journal of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5496457 Mon, 12 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5496457 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5496456&cid=s_32282_30_f&fid=32282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbjo.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F96%2F1%2F14%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions Patients with CNV who develop tachyphylaxis to ranibizumab or bevacizumab may respond to another anti-VEGF drug. The majority of cases (81%) in this series demonstrated at least some response after switching therapies. (Source: British Journal of Ophthalmology) British Journal of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5496456 Mon, 12 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5496456 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5496455&cid=s_32282_30_f&fid=32282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbjo.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F96%2F1%2F10%3Frss%3D1 Chronic central serous retinopathy (CSR) is characterised by frequent exacerbations and a poor visual prognosis. Very few therapies exist for chronic CSR, and the existing therapies are often ineffective. Thus, novel therapies to combat this frustrating disorder are needed. Presented here is a case detailing a patient with chronic CSR with persistent subfoveal fluid of 2 years' duration that completely resolved with 1 month of oral rifampin therapy. As a cytochrome P450, 3A4 inducer, rifampin is thought to favourably alter the metabolism of endogenous steroids, thereby leading to an improvement in CSR manifestations. (Source: British Journal of Ophthalmology) British Journal of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5496455 Mon, 12 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5496455 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5496454&cid=s_32282_30_f&fid=32282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbjo.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F96%2F1%2F3%3Frss%3D1 The cornea is the clear window at the front of the eye and is the eye's main refractive medium. Its transparency is essential for vision. Corneal neovascularisation is a common clinical problem with serious consequences for vision; it can compromise corneal transparency and plays a major role in corneal graft rejection by breaching corneal immune privilege. In this review, we formulate a consensus on the unmet medical needs in the management of corneal neovascularisation and outline a framework for the clinical research that is needed to identify suitable agents to meet these needs. (Source: British Journal of Ophthalmology) British Journal of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5496454 Mon, 12 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5496454 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5496453&cid=s_32282_30_f&fid=32282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbjo.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F96%2F1%2F1%3Frss%3D1 Tachyphylaxis and the development of drug tolerance have both long been described as phenomena causing reduced drug efficacy. But is there a difference between the two? Tachyphylaxis can develop quite quickly when drugs are used repeatedly over a short period, with no response occurring when the dosage is increased. However, efficacy can be restored if the medication is stopped for a short while. In contrast, tolerance is characterised by a slow loss of efficacy over time. The effect of the drug can be improved if the dosage is increased or given over shorter time intervals, but efficacy is not restored if the treatment is halted temporarily.1 In the literature both words are used synonymously, for example in relation to anti-TNF-α biopharmaceuticals (infliximab) in chronic inflammat... British Journal of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5496453 Mon, 12 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5496453 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5496452&cid=s_32282_30_f&fid=32282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbjo.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F96%2F1%2Fi%3Frss%3D1 Punctal plugs in children Mataftsi et al evaluated the safety and efficacy of punctal plugs in 25 children with dry eye syndrome. The most common symptoms were photophobia, soreness and blepharospasm. Concurrent systemic disease was present in 72% of patients. 69% of insertions were performed under general anaesthesia. A substantial improvement in ocular surface disease was noted in all cases: frequency of lubricant use was reduced in 32% and visual acuity improved in 60% of patients. Spontaneous extrusion was the most common complication (19%). (see page 90) RNFL and visual function loss in glaucoma Wollstein et al determined the retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL) thickness at which visual field (VF) damage becomes detectable with structural loss in a prospective cross-sectional study of 72... British Journal of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5496452 Mon, 12 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5496452 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5424101&cid=s_32282_30_f&fid=32282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbjo.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F95%2F12%2F1761%3Frss%3D1 The recently published study by Bhavsar and Subramanian1 is described as a case-controlled study; however, this is incorrect. The study participants were selected on the basis of an exposure of interest, that is, central subfield macular thickness and matched with respect to age, sex and duration of diabetes. (It is important to note that the ‘study participants’ are not individual patients but rather eyes, or at least so it would seem.) The study participants were followed (retrospectively) for the occurrence of progression to clinically significant macular oedema (CSME). This describes a retrospective matched cohort study, not a case-control study. This error is not merely a semantic issue as it has implications for the appropriate statistical analysis and therefore the prope... British Journal of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5424101 Wed, 16 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5424101 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5424100&cid=s_32282_30_f&fid=32282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbjo.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F95%2F12%2F1760%3Frss%3D1 This study was approved by the institutional review board of the Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine (Kyoto, Japan). All experimental procedures were conducted in accordance with the principles... (Source: British Journal of Ophthalmology) British Journal of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5424100 Wed, 16 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5424100 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5424099&cid=s_32282_30_f&fid=32282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbjo.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F95%2F12%2F1759%3Frss%3D1 Iatrogenic keratectasia is becoming an increasingly recognised complication of laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK).1 Prior to the paper by Salgado et al,2 two case reports have been described in the literature using corneal collagen crosslinking (CXL) with riboflavin and ultraviolet A as a treatment option in these patients.3 4 Salgado et al describe a study examining the use of CXL in post-LASIK keratectasia. They included 22 eyes from 15 patients, observing stability of visual acuity (VA) and corneal topography at 12 months. They conclude that CXL may be of benefit to patients by stopping or delaying disease progression and the potential need for subsequent keratoplasty. There are, however, several issues with this study, which make it difficult to interpret the role of CXL in iatr... British Journal of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5424099 Wed, 16 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5424099 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5424098&cid=s_32282_30_f&fid=32282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbjo.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F95%2F12%2F1758-b%3Frss%3D1 I read with interest the report by Malik et al1 illustrating paintings by a single patient representing his visual experiences during and after cataract surgery. The authors mention that ‘their visual experiences during cataract surgery remain somewhat of a mystery’ and ‘it is generally believed that the majority of patients undergoing cataract surgery, under local anaesthesia, experience visual perception’.1 The authors further add that ‘it has also been postulated that these may be pleasant or unpleasant experiences’. I feel it is important to highlight that there are many studies in the ophthalmic literature which have clearly established all of the above findings.2–6 Studies have demonstrated that patients experience a variety of visual sensati... British Journal of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5424098 Wed, 16 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5424098 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5424097&cid=s_32282_30_f&fid=32282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbjo.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F95%2F12%2F1758-a%3Frss%3D1 In April 2009, the National Institute of Clinical Excellence (NICE) issued guidelines on the diagnosis, monitoring and treatment of glaucoma and ocular hypertension (OHT).1 The publication of these guidelines has resulted in a large national increase of referrals with OHT or suspect chronic open angle glaucoma (COAG) beyond the 28% predicted by NICE.2 Our own referrals have increased by 91.2%. Optometrists complying with legal advice are recommended to ‘refer a patient who has a sign of ocular hypertension—for example, pressures measured at over 21 mm Hg, using whatever tonometer they choose’3 (this is usually a non-contact tonometer). This is putting a great strain on hospital eye service resources. The measurement of intraocular pressure (IOP) by Goldmann appl... British Journal of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5424097 Wed, 16 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5424097 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5424096&cid=s_32282_30_f&fid=32282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbjo.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F95%2F12%2F1756%3Frss%3D1 A 38-year-old woman with a history of poor vision in her left eye was referred for evaluation of closed-angle glaucoma. Best corrected visual acuity was 20/25 in the right eye with a manifest refraction of –2.00+2.50x180 and 20/400 in the left eye with +1.00+0.75x090. The anterior chamber was deep centrally with clear lenses bilaterally. The intraocular pressure was 15 mmHg in both eyes. Slit lamp examination revealed prominent posterior embryotoxon in both eyes and a central disc-shaped posterior corneal stromal haze more prominent in the left eye than in the right eye (figure 1A–F). Gonioscopy demonstrated posterior embryotoxon bilaterally and anomalous appearing open angles with fine areas of peripheral anterior synechiae (figure 1G,H) and high iris processes in both ey... British Journal of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5424096 Wed, 16 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5424096 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5424095&cid=s_32282_30_f&fid=32282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbjo.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F95%2F12%2F1755%3Frss%3D1 Case report A 52-year-old Caucasian woman presented with a 2-year history of floaters in her right eye and severe diminished vision for 2 months. She was treated several times with corticosteroids without success for uveitis. Visual acuity was 0.3 in the right eye and 0.8 in the left. There were no signs of inflammation, and the anterior segment examination result was normal. Fundus examination showed dense vitreous opacities with strings and dots. Fluorescein angiography revealed a normal fluorescence pattern without oedema and with no obvious vasculitis or choroiditis. Pathologic examination of a diagnostic vitrectomy confirmed amyloid. The general examination result was negative for systemic amyloidosis, but a hereditary heterozygote deficiency of factor V Leiden was found. One yea... British Journal of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5424095 Wed, 16 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5424095 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5424094&cid=s_32282_30_f&fid=32282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbjo.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F95%2F12%2F1749%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions These transgenic pigs provide unique animal models for examining macular degeneration and STGD3 pathogenesis. (Source: British Journal of Ophthalmology) British Journal of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5424094 Wed, 16 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5424094 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5424093&cid=s_32282_30_f&fid=32282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbjo.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F95%2F12%2F1745%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions Vitreous concentrations of sVEGFR-1 increase with advancing age and are associated with quiescent rather than active PDR even after adjustment for age. (Source: British Journal of Ophthalmology) British Journal of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5424093 Wed, 16 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5424093 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5424092&cid=s_32282_30_f&fid=32282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbjo.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F95%2F12%2F1738%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion The results provide a direct link between complement activation and intraocular inflammation. This line of information may help to understand the mechanism of the pathogenesis of intraocular inflammatory diseases. Moreover, the authors show that a close, reciprocal interaction between the innate immune system and the adaptive immune system may be involved in the development of such diseases. (Source: British Journal of Ophthalmology) British Journal of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5424092 Wed, 16 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5424092 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5424091&cid=s_32282_30_f&fid=32282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbjo.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F95%2F12%2F1735%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion Intrastromal injection of voriconazole may be used as a modality of treatment for managing cases of recalcitrant fungal keratitis. (Source: British Journal of Ophthalmology) British Journal of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5424091 Wed, 16 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5424091 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5424090&cid=s_32282_30_f&fid=32282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbjo.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F95%2F12%2F1731%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion Minor salivary gland biopsy is most useful for assessing the diagnosis of sarcoid uveitis in a second-line investigation for patients with granulomatous uveitis and a radiologic pattern compatible with sarcoidosis. (Source: British Journal of Ophthalmology) British Journal of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5424090 Wed, 16 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5424090 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5424089&cid=s_32282_30_f&fid=32282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbjo.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F95%2F12%2F1728%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions Office-based pure-air PR achieves acceptable reattachment rates with good visual outcomes and long-term efficacy. Eliminating the need for expansile gases makes this approach more widely available, decreases recovery time and lowers healthcare costs. (Source: British Journal of Ophthalmology) British Journal of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5424089 Wed, 16 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5424089 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5424088&cid=s_32282_30_f&fid=32282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbjo.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F95%2F12%2F1723%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion The retinal vessel angles can be quantified in a simple repeatable manner. tAA correlated positively with BW and GA, and was significantly narrower in infants with stage 3 ROP than in those without ROP or with mild disease. (Source: British Journal of Ophthalmology) British Journal of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5424088 Wed, 16 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5424088 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5424087&cid=s_32282_30_f&fid=32282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbjo.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F95%2F12%2F1719%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion This study shows that the tool achieves some validity for describing haemorrhages in the posterior retina. It performs less well in the peripheral zones. (Source: British Journal of Ophthalmology) British Journal of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5424087 Wed, 16 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5424087 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5424086&cid=s_32282_30_f&fid=32282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbjo.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F95%2F12%2F1713%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion Continued ranibizumab treatment appears to be beneficial for patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration who experience a ≥3-line BCVA loss during the first year of treatment. (Source: British Journal of Ophthalmology) British Journal of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5424086 Wed, 16 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5424086 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5424085&cid=s_32282_30_f&fid=32282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbjo.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F95%2F12%2F1707%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion There was limited agreement between the GDx fast mode and the GDx extended mode for progression detection, and between different scans included in the GDx fast mode progression analysis. Longer follow-up is needed to determine the proportion of eyes classified as ‘likely progression’ by the GDx analysis that are early change and the proportion that are false positive results. (Source: British Journal of Ophthalmology) British Journal of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5424085 Wed, 16 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5424085 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5424084&cid=s_32282_30_f&fid=32282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbjo.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F95%2F12%2F1700%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions These data, obtained using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography, reveal differences between amblyopic and fellow eyes in the thickness of some retinal layers, including a notable difference in the ganglion cell layer plus inner plexiform layer. (Source: British Journal of Ophthalmology) British Journal of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5424084 Wed, 16 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5424084 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5424083&cid=s_32282_30_f&fid=32282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbjo.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F95%2F12%2F1696%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions Central macular thickness was significantly increased in anisometropic amblyopia using SD-OCT. Anisometropia alone did not produce such a difference, which points to a possible correlation between amblyopia and the development of the retinal layers. (Source: British Journal of Ophthalmology) British Journal of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5424083 Wed, 16 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5424083 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5424082&cid=s_32282_30_f&fid=32282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbjo.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F95%2F12%2F1691%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion PBT is reserved for the treatment of mainly medium-sized and large-sized uveal melanomas in Scotland. The eye retention and disease-specific survival rates confirm its suitability as an eye-preserving primary treatment in these patients. It is evident that PBT is a conservative treatment option for uveal melanoma, including those of larger size. (Source: British Journal of Ophthalmology) British Journal of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5424082 Wed, 16 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5424082 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5424081&cid=s_32282_30_f&fid=32282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbjo.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F95%2F12%2F1686%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions Visceral malignancies are common in patients with periocular sebaceous cell carcinoma. Approximately one in eight demonstrated a heritable risk for further visceral malignancy through failure to express DNA mismatch repair proteins. Diagnosis of periocular sebaceous cell carcinoma should prompt physicians to search for other associated malignancies. Immunohistochemical characterisation of these sebaceous lesions is useful in identifying increased risk in affected patients and family members. (Source: British Journal of Ophthalmology) British Journal of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5424081 Wed, 16 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5424081 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5424080&cid=s_32282_30_f&fid=32282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbjo.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F95%2F12%2F1682%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion Conjunctivitis and ocular stinging were the commonest ophthalmic side-effects encountered with the application of imiquimod for periocular skin lesions. These effects were temporary and resolved on terminating the imiquimod therapy. (Source: British Journal of Ophthalmology) British Journal of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5424080 Wed, 16 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5424080 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5424079&cid=s_32282_30_f&fid=32282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbjo.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F95%2F12%2F1679%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion The results of this series suggest that nitrous oxide probe cryotherapy for primary periocular basal cell carcinomas up to 8 mm diameter has a recurrence rate of ~8%. Cryotherapy has certain advantages over surgical removal of tumours of this size in the periocular region, but careful follow-up is advisable. (Source: British Journal of Ophthalmology) British Journal of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5424079 Wed, 16 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5424079 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5424078&cid=s_32282_30_f&fid=32282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbjo.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F95%2F12%2F1675%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion The new surgical technique for the correction of lower lid epiblepharon using thermal contraction of the tarsus and lower lid retractor without lash rotating sutures was very useful and effective for the correction of epiblepharon, with good cosmetic results. (Source: British Journal of Ophthalmology) British Journal of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5424078 Wed, 16 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5424078 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5424077&cid=s_32282_30_f&fid=32282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbjo.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F95%2F12%2F1670%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion The TED-QOL is rapid and easy to complete and analyse and has similar validity and reliability to longer questionnaires. All questionnaires showed only moderate correlation with disease severity, emphasising the discrepancy between objective and subjective assessments and the importance of measuring both. (Source: British Journal of Ophthalmology) British Journal of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5424077 Wed, 16 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5424077 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5424076&cid=s_32282_30_f&fid=32282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbjo.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F95%2F12%2F1664%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion Combining orbital decompression with concurrent inferior retractor recession at the time of swinging-eyelid flap closure is safe and improves lower lid height postoperatively compared to decompression alone. (Source: British Journal of Ophthalmology) British Journal of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5424076 Wed, 16 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5424076 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5424075&cid=s_32282_30_f&fid=32282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbjo.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F95%2F12%2F1660%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions Advancing age is associated with an increase of FV/OV and a minor decrease of MV/OV. Gender-specific differences in orbital FV and MV disappear once FV and MV are related to OV, by calculating the ratios FV/OV and MV/OV. Age-specific gender-neutral reference ranges (2.5 and 97.5 percentiles) of FV/OV and MV/OV are presented. (Source: British Journal of Ophthalmology) British Journal of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5424075 Wed, 16 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5424075 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5424074&cid=s_32282_30_f&fid=32282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbjo.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F95%2F12%2F1656%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion The results suggest that improved blue-light transmission following cataract surgery has a beneficial effect on cognitive function. We advocate the RTT as an objective platform for exploring these benefits in large sample randomised controlled trials. (Source: British Journal of Ophthalmology) British Journal of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5424074 Wed, 16 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5424074 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5424073&cid=s_32282_30_f&fid=32282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbjo.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F95%2F12%2F1652%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions One in eight cataract surgical patients lost at least two lines in pinhole VA over the 2-year postoperative period. Regular eye examinations of patients after cataract surgery may help to maximise the surgical benefits over the long term. (Source: British Journal of Ophthalmology) British Journal of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5424073 Wed, 16 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5424073 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5424071&cid=s_32282_30_f&fid=32282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbjo.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F95%2F12%2F1651%3Frss%3D1 The value of an eye is an almost impossible thing to quantify. Although there are creatures without eyes that live in dark caves, light-sensing organs developed very early on in the evolution of animal life, for most of whom it is crucial for survival. The value of an eye to humans is subject to a variety of considerations among which social, religious and economic perspectives dominate. A poor man may sell his eye (cornea) on the black market to provide a few days of food for himself and his family. An arrow through the eye cost King Harold II the throne of England (and ultimately his life) in 1066 at the Battle of Hastings and created a pivotal turning point in British history. In Norse mythology, Odin, the chief god of the Aesir, exchanged his eye for access to the Well of Wisdom, symbo... British Journal of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5424071 Wed, 16 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5424071 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5424070&cid=s_32282_30_f&fid=32282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbjo.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F95%2F12%2F1646%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions Populations with the following characteristics should be targeted to improve VF and QOL: people who are blind, older people, women, manual labourers, people living in rural areas, those living in the northern geopolitical zones, those practising Islamic and Traditionalism faith, those not currently married and those who have undergone couching. (Source: British Journal of Ophthalmology) British Journal of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5424070 Wed, 16 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5424070 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5424069&cid=s_32282_30_f&fid=32282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbjo.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F95%2F12%2F1638%3Frss%3D1 Ageing is the largest risk factor for age-related macular degeneration (AMD), and soft drusen and basal linear deposits are lipid-rich extracellular lesions specific to AMD. Oil red O binding neutral lipid represents a major age-related deposition in the Bruch membrane (BrM) and the first identified druse component. Decades after these seminal observations, a natural history of neutral lipid deposition has been articulated and a biochemical model proposed. Results obtained with multiple biochemical, histochemical, and ultrastructural methods, and supported indirectly by epidemiology, suggest that the RPE secretes apolipoprotein B (apoB)-lipoprotein particles of unusual composition into BrM, where they accumulate with age eventually forming a lipid wall, a precursor of basal linear deposit.... British Journal of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5424069 Wed, 16 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5424069 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5424068&cid=s_32282_30_f&fid=32282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbjo.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F95%2F12%2F1631%3Frss%3D1 The neovascular form of age-related macular degeneration (AMD), called wet-AMD or choroidal neovascularisation, begins with damage to the outer retinal cells and retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), which elicits a cascade of inflammatory and angiogenic responses leading to neovascularisation under the macula. Studies showed that oxidative damage, chronic inflammation of the RPE and complement misregulation work at different steps of this disease. After established neovascularisation, several pro- and antiangiogenic agents start to play an important role. Vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGFs) are the most specific and potent regulators of angiogenesis, which are inhibited by intravitreal injections of ranibizumab, bevacizumab, VEGF Trap, pegaptanib sodium and other agents under investig... British Journal of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5424068 Wed, 16 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5424068 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5424067&cid=s_32282_30_f&fid=32282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbjo.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F95%2F12%2F1625%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion Consideration of the individual orbital anatomy in the definition of outcome measures may improve the predictability of exophthalmos reduction in Graves' orbitopathy. Further clinical studies are required to determine the significance of intersubject variability in orbital morphology for the predictability of exophthalmos reduction. (Source: British Journal of Ophthalmology) British Journal of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5424067 Wed, 16 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5424067 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5424066&cid=s_32282_30_f&fid=32282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbjo.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F95%2F12%2F1623%3Frss%3D1 Worldwide corneal infections are a major cause of unilateral blindness.1 In some parts of the world, fungal infections are commoner than bacterial infections.2 3 The challenge lies not only in the diagnosis but also in appropriate therapy, once diagnosis is established. It becomes more difficult when laboratory tests are inconclusive or do not support the clinical diagnosis and the challenge is greater when the infection is mixed with bacterial or acanthamoeba co-infections.4 One major reason is the restricted availability of commercially available anti-fungal agents for use in the eye. Although the need is great, it is predominantly in the poorer countries of the world where affordability may not recompense the investment required in developing and licensing a drug. Treatment of fungal ke... British Journal of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5424066 Wed, 16 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5424066 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5424065&cid=s_32282_30_f&fid=32282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbjo.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F95%2F12%2F1621%3Frss%3D1 Diabetes and glaucoma are two of the leading causes of blindness worldwide. In the USA, it is estimated that by the year 2020, 3.3 million patients will have glaucomatous eye disease. Up to 45% of diabetics will develop retinopathy, with an expected 7.2 million patients with diabetic eye disease by 2020.1 The relationship between diabetes and glaucoma is not well established and currently remains the subject of much controversy. This controversy poses several important questions. Do patients with diabetes have a greater risk of developing glaucoma? Is glaucoma progression faster and more severe in patients with diabetic glaucoma? If diabetes increases risk for glaucoma, what is the aetiology of this increased risk? Elucidation of the possible interaction of mechanisms of diabetes and glauc... British Journal of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5424065 Wed, 16 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5424065 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5424064&cid=s_32282_30_f&fid=32282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbjo.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F95%2F12%2Fi%3Frss%3D1 Cryotherapy for periocular basal cell carcinoma Moesen et al report the 5-year outcome of 100 patients with primary periocular basal cell carcinoma treated by cryotherapy (double freeze-thaw cycle). In this prospective, non-comparative, interventional case series, only circumscribed tumours with maximum diameter of 8 mm were included. Histologically proven recurrence rate was 8%. There was no correlation between tumour site, tumour size, cryotherapy freeze time and recurrence. (see page 1679) RNFL and macular thickness in amblyopia Al-Haddad et al studied peripapillary retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL) and macular thickness in unilateral amblyopia (strabismic or anisometropic) and non-amblyopic anisometropia. SD-OCT measurements were compared with fellow eyes. The mean age was 20 ... British Journal of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5424064 Wed, 16 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5424064 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5338558&cid=s_32282_30_f&fid=32282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbjo.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F95%2F11%2F1618%3Frss%3D1 It is with great interest that I read the article by Good and associates1 on sustained elevation of intraocular pressure (IOP) after anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) injections. Though several authors have observed raised IOP after intravitreal injections,2–6 this study assumes great importance since the authors have tried to identify possible risk factors responsible for the same. The authors found IOP rise in 33% of eyes with pre-existing glaucoma as compared to 6% in all eyes, implying a higher risk for those with pre-existing glaucoma. Yet, these results are insufficient to be able to draw any conclusions for the following reasons. The statistical results have been quoted inappropriately with the average (SD) being quoted for non-parametric data where median with IQ... British Journal of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5338558 Fri, 21 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5338558 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5338557&cid=s_32282_30_f&fid=32282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbjo.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F95%2F11%2F1617-b%3Frss%3D1 I was interested to read the paper by Modarres and colleagues1 entitled "Intravitreal erythropoietin injection for the treatment of non-arteritic anterior ischaemic optic neuropathy" (NA-AION). The authors have made several misleading statements that require comment. In my prospective study2 of visual outcome in 312 patients with NA-AION treated with corticosteroid therapy versus 301 untreated cases, there was a significantly higher visual acuity (p=0.001) and visual field (p=0.005) improvement in the treated than the untreated group. Modarres and colleagues commented that the claims of that study are not justified because of "lack of randomization, the retrospective nature of the study and the lack of corroboration via other studies". None of these statements is correct: it was indeed a &... British Journal of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5338557 Fri, 21 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5338557 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5338556&cid=s_32282_30_f&fid=32282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbjo.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F95%2F11%2F1617-a%3Frss%3D1 I read with interest the recent work by Chandra et al and commend them for collecting such a group of patients, but I wish for clarification on a few points.1 They described the present work as a retrospective case–control study; I feel that this is incorrect. The patients studied were selected on the basis of an exposure of interest, in this case to warfarin pharmacotherapy and matched with respect to age, sex and presenting complaint. The participants were followed (retrospectively) to record outcomes of pars plana vitrectomy as well as presenting features. Therefore, this study describes a retrospective (or historical) matched cohort study, not a retrospective case–control study. When performing the matching was there a reason that other patient-specific variables, both syst... British Journal of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5338556 Fri, 21 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5338556 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5338555&cid=s_32282_30_f&fid=32282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbjo.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F95%2F11%2F1616-b%3Frss%3D1 We would like to take this opportunity to respond to Dr Gerald McGwin's comments regarding our article on the association of SERPING1 polymorphisms with neovascular age-related macular degeneration.1 2 It appears that a few editorial errors led to the confusion regarding our study design. First, the abstract inappropriately states that our participants were ethnically matched. In the Methods section, we explained that all participants were Caucasian, and no variable was used for matching. Because our study was not of a matched nature, the use of logistic regressions, t tests and 2 tests in our statistical analysis was appropriate. Second, this case–control study was mistakenly described as a retrospective cohort study in the Methods section. Finally, our use of the term ‘risk&r... British Journal of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5338555 Fri, 21 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5338555 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5338554&cid=s_32282_30_f&fid=32282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbjo.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F95%2F11%2F1616-a%3Frss%3D1 The recently published study by Lee et al1 is described as a retrospective cohort study; however, this is incorrect. The study subjects were selected on the basis of having neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD) or not, and the two groups being matched with respect to ethnicity. The frequency of individual genotypes was then compared between the groups. This is not a retrospective cohort study; rather, it is a matched case-control study. Unfortunately, this is not merely a semantic issue as the statistical analysis is also incorrect. The authors' use of t and 2 tests when comparing demographic and clinical variables between the cases and controls fails to account for the matched nature of the study design; paired t and McNemar's tests should have been used. Additionally, the au... British Journal of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5338554 Fri, 21 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5338554 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5338553&cid=s_32282_30_f&fid=32282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbjo.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F95%2F11%2F1615-b%3Frss%3D1 The distinction between papilloedema and pseudopapilloedema is critical in the medical management of children with elevated optic discs. By convention, the term papilloedema has been assigned to optic disc swelling caused by elevated intracranial pressure. Early ophthalmoscopic signs of papilloedema include optic disc elevation, venous distension, obscuration of the major retinal vessels (particularly at the disc margin), hyperaemia of the disc, opacification of the peripapillary nerve fibre layer and absent retinal venous pulsations. Later signs include flame-shaped haemorrhages, peripapillary subretinal haemorrhages and cotton wool spots. Headaches, transient visual obscurations and horizontal diplopia referable to unilateral or bilateral sixth nerve palsies are the major neuro-ophthalmo... British Journal of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5338553 Fri, 21 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5338553 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5338552&cid=s_32282_30_f&fid=32282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbjo.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F95%2F11%2F1615-a%3Frss%3D1 We read with great interest the article by Chen et al.1 We congratulate the authors for introducing a novel method of recanalisation. We would like to articulate a few of our observations. We are interested in knowing the extent of canalicular block in millimetres that the authors encountered, especially in cases of bicanalicular block, since we believe the extent of block to be one of the crucial factors that determine the success of the procedure. Being unaware of this extent increases the chances of collateral damage to the surrounding tissues. It would also be of interest to know the differences in the amount of energy applied between successful and failed cases. The authors mention that ‘irrigation was performed every month thereafter’. It would be useful to know why it wa... British Journal of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5338552 Fri, 21 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5338552 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5338551&cid=s_32282_30_f&fid=32282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbjo.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F95%2F11%2F1614%3Frss%3D1 We read with interest the recent article by Chua et al.1 They present an estimation of glaucoma prevalence in indigenous Australians using an ‘epidemiological definition of glaucoma’. It has been found in several previous studies2 3 that this is a group which has a lower prevalence of glaucoma than any other race. This impression is supported by the findings of ophthalmologists who provide ophthalmic care to indigenous Australians. However, despite stating that they employed a well-established epidemiological definition, Chua et al arrived at a prevalence which was greater than that seen in Caucasian groups.4 5 Therefore, the question should be raised, ‘why did this occur?’ Foster et al6 stated that the population prevalence of glaucoma should be determined under th... British Journal of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5338551 Fri, 21 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5338551 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5338550&cid=s_32282_30_f&fid=32282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbjo.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F95%2F11%2F1613%3Frss%3D1 We would like to thank Dr Rao and colleagues for their interest and comments regarding our study.1 In their letter, they pointed out two major issues concerning studies on long-term perimetric fluctuation: the definition of stability of the disease and the methods used to calculate fluctuation. Dr Rao and colleagues claimed that the use of morphological data would have been desirable to define progression, as commonly done in studies on progression when both morphological and functional data are available (ie, progression is defined by means of morphological criteria in order to analyse the performance of functional parameters and vice versa). In clinical practice, it is very common to find patients with a stable optic nerve head at stereophotography (the morphological standard) showing pr... British Journal of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5338550 Fri, 21 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5338550 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5338549&cid=s_32282_30_f&fid=32282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbjo.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F95%2F11%2F1612%3Frss%3D1 In this report, we analyse the prevalence of pre-existing blindness in patients screened for the NIH-sponsored Steroids for Corneal Ulcers Trial (SCUT, clinicaltrials.gov NCT00324168), (unpublished data) the degree of vision loss and the cause of blindness in the fellow eye. Methods All patients with culture-positive bacterial corneal ulcers at the Aravind Eye Care System (Madurai, Coimbatore and Tirunelveli), Dartmouth Medical School and the F.I. Proctor Foundation, University of California San Francisco, between September 2006 and February 2010 were included. Patients excluded for poor vision in their other eye were identified from the SCUT database. Case review was performed for... (Source: British Journal of Ophthalmology) British Journal of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5338549 Fri, 21 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5338549 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5338548&cid=s_32282_30_f&fid=32282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbjo.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F95%2F11%2F1611%3Frss%3D1 This study reports the results of an investigation into the adenoviral aetiology in EKC patients whose corneal scrapings were positive for either microsporidial... (Source: British Journal of Ophthalmology) British Journal of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5338548 Fri, 21 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5338548 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5338547&cid=s_32282_30_f&fid=32282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbjo.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F95%2F11%2F1609%3Frss%3D1 Case report A 65-year-old female presented to our hospital for enucleation of her painful and blind left eye. During the last 2 years, she had been operated on several times for recurrent retinal detachment of unknown aetiology and proliferative vitreoretinopathy including repeat vitrectomy with instillation and removal of silicone oil. On examination, she presented with an inflamed left eye without any light perception and complained of an intermittent left-sided headache. The cornea was cloudy with neovascularisation and band keratopathy which obscured any further details of the intraocular structures (figure 1A). Ultrasound OS revealed a non-specific thickening of the choroid and hyper-reflective membranes near the posterior pole consistent with a persistent retinal detachment (fig... British Journal of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5338547 Fri, 21 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5338547 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5338546&cid=s_32282_30_f&fid=32282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbjo.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F95%2F11%2F1607%3Frss%3D1 Neuroprotection for treatment of glaucoma in adults Glaucoma is a heterogeneous group of conditions involving progressive damage to the optic nerve, deterioration of retinal ganglion cells and ultimately visual-field loss. It is a leading cause of blindness worldwide. Open-angle glaucoma (OAG), the commonest form of glaucoma, is a chronic condition that may or may not present with increased intraocular pressure (IOP). Neuroprotection for glaucoma refers to any intervention intended to prevent optic nerve damage or cell death. The treatment can target extracellular factors such as reducing IOP, or cellular factors derived from the optic nerve itself such as blocking intracellular death signals. Although neuroprotective agents are intended to act as pharmacological antagonists to prevent cel... British Journal of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5338546 Fri, 21 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5338546 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5338545&cid=s_32282_30_f&fid=32282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbjo.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F95%2F11%2F1603%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions The tested CCR6 gene polymorphisms are not associated with the susceptibility to BD in the tested Chinese Han populations. (Source: British Journal of Ophthalmology) British Journal of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5338545 Fri, 21 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5338545 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5338544&cid=s_32282_30_f&fid=32282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbjo.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F95%2F11%2F1597%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion This stimulation paradigm provides a method of measuring temporal visual characteristics. The M1:M2 ratio acts as an indirect functional indicator of retinal adaptation, which may be abnormal in the diseased retina. Further development of this method may help to describe the functional variation in the diseased retina and to predict the occurrence of a range of retinopathies. (Source: British Journal of Ophthalmology) British Journal of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5338544 Fri, 21 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5338544 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5338543&cid=s_32282_30_f&fid=32282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbjo.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F95%2F11%2F1592%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions The authors have developed a novel model for ROP that involves inducing both intrauterine and postnatal growth restriction and also exposes neonatal rat pups to fluctuating oxygen. This physiology-based model can be used to study the effects of growth, nutrition and oxygen on early retinal vascular development. (Source: British Journal of Ophthalmology) British Journal of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5338543 Fri, 21 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5338543 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5338542&cid=s_32282_30_f&fid=32282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbjo.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F95%2F11%2F1588%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion Metabolic activity by PET imaging significantly predicted the survival of patients with choroidal melanoma. (Source: British Journal of Ophthalmology) British Journal of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5338542 Fri, 21 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5338542 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5338541&cid=s_32282_30_f&fid=32282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbjo.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F95%2F11%2F1583%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion Objective extorsion may be found in all patients with acquired unilateral SOP, whereas subjective extorsion may be found in most patients with acquired unilateral SOP; the latter was detected more frequently with the DMRT than with the LRGT. (Source: British Journal of Ophthalmology) British Journal of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5338541 Fri, 21 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5338541 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5338540&cid=s_32282_30_f&fid=32282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbjo.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F95%2F11%2F1577%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions MS causes progressive axonal loss in the optic nerve, regardless of a history of ON. This ganglion cell atrophy occurs in all eyes but is more marked in MS eyes than in healthy eyes. (Source: British Journal of Ophthalmology) British Journal of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5338540 Fri, 21 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5338540 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5338539&cid=s_32282_30_f&fid=32282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbjo.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F95%2F11%2F1573%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion Even in the absence of overt vascular disease, in otherwise healthy SAs there are potential signs of retinal vascular function impairment that correlates with established plasma markers for CVD risk. (Source: British Journal of Ophthalmology) British Journal of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5338539 Fri, 21 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5338539 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5338538&cid=s_32282_30_f&fid=32282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbjo.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F95%2F11%2F1568%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions Severe ocular inflammation associated with vasculitis, vitritis or anterior uveitis in ocular syphilis would appear to be a reversible phenomenon that responds well to appropriate antibiotic treatment, resulting in improvement in visual acuity. Prompt treatment enables a good visual prognosis, while any delay in therapy increases the risk of subsequent relapse. (Source: British Journal of Ophthalmology) British Journal of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5338538 Fri, 21 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5338538 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5338537&cid=s_32282_30_f&fid=32282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbjo.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F95%2F11%2F1564%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion Re-operation has a reduced success rate of anatomical closure. However, BCVA is statistically significantly improved from re-operation baseline, so even though we cannot return vision to pre-pathological baseline, re-operation can improve on this new baseline. (Source: British Journal of Ophthalmology) British Journal of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5338537 Fri, 21 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5338537 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5338536&cid=s_32282_30_f&fid=32282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbjo.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F95%2F11%2F1560%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions The present findings suggest that the new mfERG paradigm is a fast and sensitive test for the detection of early functional changes in the diabetic retina. (Source: British Journal of Ophthalmology) British Journal of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5338536 Fri, 21 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5338536 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5338535&cid=s_32282_30_f&fid=32282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbjo.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F95%2F11%2F1555%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions IVR may be helpful for resolution of retinal fluid and increased BCVA in the short term, but larger polyps and pigment epithelial detachments at baseline may be negative prognostic factors for a therapeutic response. Further studies are needed to clarify the long-term efficacy of IVR for PCV. (Source: British Journal of Ophthalmology) British Journal of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5338535 Fri, 21 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5338535 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5338534&cid=s_32282_30_f&fid=32282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbjo.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F95%2F11%2F1552%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion Stratus OCT and Cirrus OCT use a different posterior reference line within the hyper-reflective band of the outer retina. Therefore a conversion formula is necessary to compare Stratus and Cirrus OCT CRT values, and this has been determined in our study. (Source: British Journal of Ophthalmology) British Journal of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5338534 Fri, 21 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5338534 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5338533&cid=s_32282_30_f&fid=32282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbjo.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F95%2F11%2F1547%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions RNFL and macular thickness measured with the Cirrus HD OCT was affected by head tilt. Artefacts caused by head tilt should be considered in the analysis of the Cirrus HD OCT measurements. (Source: British Journal of Ophthalmology) British Journal of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5338533 Fri, 21 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5338533 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5338532&cid=s_32282_30_f&fid=32282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbjo.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F95%2F11%2F1542%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion Recurrent inflammation is a critical poor prognostic factor for cataract surgery in VKH, but with appropriate management, good visual outcomes can be achieved. (Source: British Journal of Ophthalmology) British Journal of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5338532 Fri, 21 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5338532 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5338531&cid=s_32282_30_f&fid=32282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbjo.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F95%2F11%2F1537%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion GMS achieved qualified success in about 67.3% of eyes with uncontrolled refractory glaucoma with a low rate of complications. (Source: British Journal of Ophthalmology) British Journal of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5338531 Fri, 21 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5338531 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5338530&cid=s_32282_30_f&fid=32282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbjo.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F95%2F11%2F1534%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion If community optometrists use Goldmann tonometry and pachymetry, following the joint College guidelines, referrals of OHT suspects could be reduced to a fifth of those under the original AOP guidance. Community optometrists should be encouraged to use GAT and pachymetry in order to refine referrals when another examination is normal. Potential savings to the NHS are considerable. (Source: British Journal of Ophthalmology) British Journal of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5338530 Fri, 21 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5338530 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5338529&cid=s_32282_30_f&fid=32282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbjo.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F95%2F11%2F1531%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions In this cohort, reducing regimens of FML proved to be a safe anti-inflammatory treatment in terms of avoiding steroid-induced glaucoma. (Source: British Journal of Ophthalmology) British Journal of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5338529 Fri, 21 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5338529 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5338528&cid=s_32282_30_f&fid=32282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbjo.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F95%2F11%2F1530%3Frss%3D1 The word ‘cautery’ has its origin in Latin, referring to a branding iron, and in Greek in which a similar word denoted the act of burning. In medicine, ‘cautery’ refers to the use of an agent or instrument that destroys tissue by burning or searing.1 The tissue could be normal or abnormal and the nature of the agent could be instruments capable of transferring high heat of freezing cold; chemical substances, electric currents or lasers. The use of heat and chemicals to induce scarring in tissue has been known since ancient times. Electric scarring of tissue came later. The use of electric currents to remove eye lashes by the process of ‘electrolysis’ has been in vogue since 1873. Dr Samuel Lewis Ziegler (figure 1) 1861–1926, was one of the earliest... British Journal of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5338528 Fri, 21 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5338528 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5338527&cid=s_32282_30_f&fid=32282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbjo.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F95%2F11%2F1525%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions Autologous cultivated limbal epithelial transplantation using a xeno-free explant culture technique was effective in long-term restoration of corneal epithelial stability and improvement of vision in eyes with ocular surface burns. (Source: British Journal of Ophthalmology) British Journal of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5338527 Fri, 21 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5338527 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5338526&cid=s_32282_30_f&fid=32282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbjo.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F95%2F11%2F1519%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions Corneal collagen cross-linkage appears to be an effective and safe modality to halt the progression of keratoconus. Improvements in visual and topographic parameters are seen in some eyes. (Source: British Journal of Ophthalmology) British Journal of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5338526 Fri, 21 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5338526 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5338525&cid=s_32282_30_f&fid=32282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbjo.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F95%2F11%2F1513%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions Hemi-automated lamellar keratoplasty is an effective and safe surgical procedure in the treatment of corneas with irregular topographic profiles with varying depths of anterior stromal scarring. It combines the benefits of smooth microkeratome lamellar dissection of the donor with customised lenticule thickness and diameter together with a manual lamellar dissection technique for the recipient providing encouraging visual outcomes that show continuing improvement with time. (Source: British Journal of Ophthalmology) British Journal of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5338525 Fri, 21 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5338525 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5338524&cid=s_32282_30_f&fid=32282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbjo.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F95%2F11%2F1509%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion Rebubbling following detachment of the donor lenticule was successful in achieving graft adhesion in the majority of patients (74%), but 35% had a primary graft failure. The second attempt at rebubbling (in three patients) led to successful attachment, but the oedema failed to recover. Those who underwent repeat DSEK for unsuccessful rebubbling did well with no complications. (Source: British Journal of Ophthalmology) British Journal of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5338524 Fri, 21 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5338524 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5338523&cid=s_32282_30_f&fid=32282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbjo.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F95%2F11%2F1506%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion A uniform illumination of top illumination test charts was achieved allowing adherence to the standards for measuring acuity set out by the European Union and enabling comparison of such visual examinations in multi-centre clinical studies. (Source: British Journal of Ophthalmology) British Journal of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5338523 Fri, 21 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5338523 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5338522&cid=s_32282_30_f&fid=32282&url=http%3A%2F%2Fbjo.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F95%2F11%2F1502%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions ROP is the leading cause of blindness in children in Mexico despite national guidelines being in place. Health policies promoting primary prevention through improved neonatal care need to be implemented. Advocacy is required so that the time ophthalmologists spend screening and treating ROP is included in their job description and hence salaried. (Source: British Journal of Ophthalmology) British Journal of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5338522 Fri, 21 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5338522