MedWorm.com provides a medical RSS filtering service. Over 6000 RSS medical sources are combined and output via different filters. This feed contains the latest items from the 'Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology' source. Thu, 09 Feb 2012 11:36:03 +0100 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5651329&cid=s_37644_55_f&fid=37644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22286610%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Song X, Hu X, Ji P, Li Y, Chi G, Song Y Abstract A field study was conducted to evaluate the phytoremediation efficiency of cadmium(Cd) contaminated soil utilizing the Cd hyperaccumulator Beta vulgaris L. var. cicla during one growing season (about 2 months) on farmland in Zhangshi Irrigation Area, the representative wastewater irrigation area in China. Results showed that B. vulgaris L. var. cicla is a promising plant in the phytoremediation of Cd contaminated farmland soil. The maximum of Cd phytoremediation efficiency by B. vulgaris L. var. cicla reached 144.6 mg/ha during one growing season. Planting density had a significant effect on the plant biomass and the overall Cd phytoremediation efficiency (p < 0.05). The amendment of organic manure promoted the biomas... Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5651329 Sun, 29 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5651329 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5651331&cid=s_37644_55_f&fid=37644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22278405%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Klimek B Abstract The aim of the study was to compare the effects of stress (contamination trials) on the microorganisms in zinc-polluted soil (5,018 mg Zn kg(-1) soil dry weight) and unpolluted soil (141 mg Zn kg(-1) soil dw), measured as soil respiration rate. In the laboratory, soils were subjected to copper contamination (0, 500, 1,500 and 4,500 mg kg(-1) soil dw), and then a bactericide (oxytetracycline) combined with a fungicide (captan) along with glucose (10 mg g(-1) soil dw each) were added. There was a highly significant effect of soil type, copper treatment and oxytetracycline/captan treatment. The initial respiration rate of chronically zinc-polluted soil was higher than that of unpolluted soil, but in the copper treatment it showed a greater decline.... Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5651331 Thu, 26 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5651331 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5651330&cid=s_37644_55_f&fid=37644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22278406%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Ashraf MW, Salam A Abstract Popular varieties of vegetables were collected from major cities of Saudi Arabia and analyzed for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) contents. Eight important PAH congeners were analyzed. Total PAH contents of the root vegetables like potato and carrot showed higher values (11 μg kg(-1)), whereas turnip showed relatively lower contents at 9.26 μg kg(-1). For the fruit vegetables, all the peels were found to be more contaminated than cores. For leafy vegetables, maximum PAH level was shown by cabbage (8.34 μg kg(-1)), which turned out to be more than any of the cores of fruit vegetables. Among individual PAH congeners, anthracene showed higher levels in all vegetables. For benzo(a)anthracene, maximum concentration (2.21 ± 1.75 μ... Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5651330 Thu, 26 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5651330 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5651332&cid=s_37644_55_f&fid=37644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22270384%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Masood F, Ahmad M, Ansari MA, Malik A Abstract An artificial neural network (ANN) model was developed to predict the biosorption efficiency of Bacillus sp. for the removal of total chromium from aqueous solution based on 360 data sets obtained in a laboratory batch study. Experimental parameters affecting the biosorption process such as pH, contact time and initial concentration of chromium were studied. A contact time of 2 h was generally sufficient to achieve equilibrium. At optimal conditions, metal ion uptake increased with increasing initial metal ion concentration. The Freundlich model was applied to describe the biosorption isotherm. Chromium biosorption was most significantly influenced by pH, followed by the initial metal concentration of the solution. The findin... Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5651332 Tue, 24 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5651332 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5617893&cid=s_37644_55_f&fid=37644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22258497%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, pH, total organic carbon, sulphate concentration and mercury concentrations of sediment samples from the Volta Lake at Yeji in the northern part of Ghana were determined. The results indicate that pH ranged from 6.32 to 8.21, total organic carbon ranged from 0.17 to 3.02 g/kg and sulphate concentration from 10.00 to 57.51 mg/kg. Total mercury concentrations ranged from 32.61 to 700 ng/g which is below the International Atomic Energy Agency recommended value of 810 ng/g. Humic substance-bound mercury ranged from 81.15 to 481.31 mg/kg in sediments and its two fractions existed as humic acid-bound mercury > fulvic acid-bound mercury with the ratio of humic substance-bound mercury to fulvic acid-bound mercury as 1.62 on the average. Humic substance-bound mercury and th... Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5617893 Thu, 19 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5617893 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5617895&cid=s_37644_55_f&fid=37644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22246474%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Kim E, Kim M, Sung K, Hyun J, Jang J, Kim K Abstract We investigated the effect of the topical application of dimethylarsinic acid (DMA) on skin thickness and the expression of several apoptosis-related proteins in skin. After administration of DMA during pregnancy, skin thickness and skin expression of Bcl-2, Bcl-3, Bad, Bid, and caspases-3, -6, -8, -9, and -12 were examined in dams and their offspring. DMA treatment caused significant increases in skin thickness (p < 0.05) and the expression of Bcl-2, Bad, and capase-12 in the skin of dams at the mRNA and protein levels (p < 0.01). However, maternal exposure to DMA did not significantly alter the expression of the studied apoptosis-related factors in the skin of the offspring. These findings indicate that DMA m... Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5617895 Sun, 15 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5617895 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5617894&cid=s_37644_55_f&fid=37644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22246475%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Coulibaly S, Atse BC, Koffi KM, Sylla S, Konan KJ, Kouassi NJ Abstract The seasonal accumulation of cadmium, copper, lead, mercury and zinc was determined in sediments, water, and black-chinned tilapia (Sarotherodon melanotheron; muscle, brain, kidney and liver tissues) collected monthly from Biétri Bay. The mean water concentration of metals (in mg L(-1)) ranged from 0.01 to 0.30 (mercury), 0.02-0.26 (cadmium), 2.40-4.80 (lead), 9.05-9.68 (copper), and 12.05-19.87 (zinc). The seasonal variations showed a significant difference in the levels of mercury, cadmium and lead among season. The highest mercury (0.30 ± 0.02 μg L(-1)), cadmium (0.26 ± 0.02 mg L(-1)) and lead (4.80 ± 1.03 mg L(-1)) levels were observed during dry season, while the lowest levels (0.... Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5617894 Sun, 15 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5617894 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5617896&cid=s_37644_55_f&fid=37644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22246466%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Carro N, García I, Ignacio M, Mouteira A Abstract Levels of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), including ΣDDTs, γ-HCH, HCB, aldrin, isodrin, trans-nonachlor, heptachlor and dieldrin, were determined in the razor clam, Ensis siliqua, collected monthly from February 2003 to April 2004 from the Islas Cíes in Ría de Vigo (Galicia, Spain). The sum of DDTs ranged from 2.17 to 26.9 ng g(-1) dry weight (dw). Principal component analysis showed seasonal trends in the levels of some OCPs (γ-HCH and dieldrin). Pearson correlations (p < 0.05) were observed between OCP levels and the biometric parameters of condition index and body lipids. PMID: 22246466 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology) Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5617896 Sat, 14 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5617896 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5594424&cid=s_37644_55_f&fid=37644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22241547%26dopt%3DAbstract This study characterized esterase activity in Cerastoderma edule tissues using different substrates and specific inhibitors and identified the tissue distribution of esterases in this species. Synthetic thiocholines and thioacetate esters and specific inhibitors (eserine, BW284C51 and iso-OMPA) were used to identify and quantify cholines and carboxyl esterases. The results demonstrated the presence of a non-specific propionyl thiocholine (PrSCh)-cleaving cholinesterase (ChE) and a large amount of carboxylesterases (CaE). For further studies using C. edule esterases as biomarkers, our results suggest that the adductor muscle, with PrSCh (5 mM) as substrate should be used to analyze ChE, and for CaE analyses, phenyl thioacetate should be used in digestive gland extracts (PSA, 5 mM). PM... Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5594424 Fri, 13 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5594424 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5594425&cid=s_37644_55_f&fid=37644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22234677%26dopt%3DAbstract This study was undertaken to determine the effect of chronic exposure to sub-lethal concentrations of tannery effluent (TE) on the humoral antibody response and the cell-mediated immune response of the fish Cyprinous carpio. The LC(50) value of the TE for C. carpio was determined by bioassay to be 3.8%. Sub-lethal concentrations of TE (0.6% and 0.3%) significantly suppressed the humoral and cell-mediated immune responses. Exposure of C. carpio to the TE had a significant effect on mean acceptance time (MAT) for transplanted scales. MAT was found to be 5-8 days for autografts and 4-7 days for allografts. The somatic indices of the kidney and spleen were reduced compared with controls. PMID: 22234677 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Bulletin of Environmental Contamination a... Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5594425 Wed, 11 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5594425 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5594426&cid=s_37644_55_f&fid=37644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22228315%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Starner K, Goh KS Abstract Seventy-five surface water samples were collected from three agricultural regions of California and analyzed for the neonicotinoid insecticide imidacloprid. Samples were collected during California's relatively dry-weather irrigation seasons in 2010 and 2011. Imidacloprid was detected in 67 samples (89%); concentrations exceeded the United States Environmental Protection Agency's chronic invertebrate Aquatic Life Benchmark of 1.05 μg/L in 14 samples (19%). Concentrations were also frequently greater than similar toxicity guidelines developed for use in Europe and Canada. The results indicate that imidacloprid commonly moves offsite and contaminates surface waters at concentrations that could harm aquatic organisms following use under irrigated ... Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5594426 Sun, 08 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5594426 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5594428&cid=s_37644_55_f&fid=37644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22228273%26dopt%3DAbstract This study deals with the geochemical nature of distribution of metals (iron, manganese, lead and zinc) in bulk sediments and its association with sand, silt, clay and organic carbon. Ten numbers of surface sediment samples were collected during summer season of 2009 from Coleroon estuary. The sediments are mostly sandy silt in nature. The organic carbon distribution indicates that they are brought in the surroundings of coastal areas. Correlation analysis clearly indicates that fine particles and organic carbon control the distribution of metals. The most evident the significant correlations where zinc vs manganese (r = 0.641), manganese versus iron (r = 0.618), lead versus manganese (r = 0.574). The correlation between organic carbon versus manganese (r = 0.768), organic carbon v... Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5594428 Sat, 07 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5594428 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5594427&cid=s_37644_55_f&fid=37644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22228274%26dopt%3DAbstract This study was carried out to estimate the potential toxicity of 8 Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) and 5 organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in sediments in the Ebro River Basin (20 sampling points) according to different methodologies. Detection limit (DL) concentrations were used for compounds reported below the DL (worst-case scenario). The majority of PAH concentrations were found to be below their method detection limit. DL concentrations for OCPs were above the threshold values set by one guideline. In such cases, no toxicity assessment was carried out. It should be noted that no sediment is expected to cause adverse effects on the benthic species living in these sediments according to the methodologies applied. PMID: 22228274 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Bul... Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5594427 Sat, 07 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5594427 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5575238&cid=s_37644_55_f&fid=37644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22218745%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Ihedioha JN, Okoye CO Abstract The study assessed the concentration of cadmium and lead in the muscle, liver, kidney, intestine and tripe of cow in Nigeria. Results show that the ranges of detectable values of cadmium in mg/kg were 0.01-0.80 in muscle, <0.004-0.90 in liver, 0.10-1.12 in kidney, 0.01-0.90 in intestine and 0.01-1.10 in tripe while for lead, the ranges were <0.005-0.72 in muscle, 0.08-501.79 in liver, 0.04-44.89 in kidney, 0.01-108.02 in intestine and 0.01-127.90 in tripe. Cadmium was accumulated mostly in kidney while Pb accumulated more in liver and both were above international maximum permissible levels in most samples. PMID: 22218745 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology) Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5575238 Fri, 06 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5575238 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5575235&cid=s_37644_55_f&fid=37644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22218748%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Jhala AJ, Ramirez AH, Singh M Abstract Indaziflam {N-[(1R, 2S)-2,3-dihydro-2,6-dimethyl-1H-inden-1-yl]-6-[(1RS)-1fluoroethyl]-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine} is a new pre-emergence herbicide recently registered for a broad spectrum weed control in Florida citrus. Experiments were conducted to evaluate leaching of indaziflam applied at 73 and 145 g ai ha(-1) in Florida Candler soil under simulated rainfall of 5, 10, and 15 cm ha(-1). Indaziflam leached the least (12.6 ± 0.6 cm) when applied at 73 g ai ha(-1) under 5 cm ha(-1) rainfall. Indaziflam leached furthest (30.2 ± 0.9 cm) when applied at 145 g ai ha(-1) under 15 cm ha(-1) rainfall. The visual control ratings of a bio-indicator species ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum L.) was 97% at 15 cm ha(-1) rainf... Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5575235 Fri, 06 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5575235 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5575239&cid=s_37644_55_f&fid=37644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22218744%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Zhang H, Sun L, Sun T Abstract The purpose of this study was to determine the leaching characteristics of heavy metals from artificial soils composed of sewage sludge and fly ash. A leaching experiment was carried out over a period of 90 days. The leachates from artificial soils were collected every 15 days, and the concentrations of cadmium, lead, copper, zinc, chromium, and nickel in leachates were determined. Results showed that pH values of the artificial soils leachate were stable, ranging from 6.71 to 7.62 at the end of the experiment. Except of the cadmium, the concentrations of chromium, nickel, and copper in leachates of the artificial soils reached a stable level at the end of the experiment. The final concentrations of copper in leachates varied from 27.1 to 1... Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5575239 Thu, 05 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5575239 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5575237&cid=s_37644_55_f&fid=37644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22218746%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Abramson CI, Stepanov II Abstract No attempts have been made to apply a mathematical model to the learning curve in honey bees exposed to pesticides. We applied a standard transfer function in the form Y = B3*exp(- B2 * (X - 1)) + B4 * (1 - exp(- B2 * (X - 1))), where X is the trial number; Y is proportion of correct responses, B2 is the learning rate, B3 is readiness to learn and B4 is ability to learn. Reanalyzing previously published data on the effect of insect growth regulators tebufenozide and diflubenzuron on the classical conditioning of proboscis extension, the model revealed additional effects not detected with standard statistical tests of significance. PMID: 22218746 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Bulletin of Environmental Co... Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5575237 Thu, 05 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5575237 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5575236&cid=s_37644_55_f&fid=37644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22218747%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Nabavi SF, Nabavi SM, Latifi AM, Eslami S, Ebrahimzadeh MA Abstract Toxic and essential elements levels (chromium, copper, iron, manganese, nickel, lead, cadmium, and zinc) have been determined in the brain, heart, liver, gill, gonads, spleen, bile and muscle of S. lucioperca, collected from the Caspian Sea by employing Flame- Atomic absorption spectrometry. Results indicated that nearly all of the toxic metals concentrations (nickel, lead and cadmium) in tissues were higher than limits for fish suggested by Food and Agricultural Organization, World Health Organization and European Union. Lead was higher in spleen than other tissues. Levels of essential metals (iron, copper, zinc and manganese) were below the limits suggested by European Union and Food and Agricultural Org... Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5575236 Thu, 05 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5575236 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5575234&cid=s_37644_55_f&fid=37644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22218749%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: SiÅ¡ović A, Pehnec G, Jakovljević I, Silović Hujić M, VaÄ‘ić V, BeÅ¡lić I Abstract Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were measured in the PM(10) particle fraction collected at two different measuring sites in Zagreb, Croatia. In summer, concentrations of all PAHs at both sites were low. In winter, mass concentrations of all PAHs measured at southern site were much higher than those at north. Contents of all PAHs in the PM(10) particle fraction were much lower in summer than that in the winter period. For example, average content of BaP in PM(10) in summer was 2.26 ng/mg at site A and 4.17 ng/mg at site B, while in winter it was 34.72 and 46.69 ng/mg, respectively. PMID: 22218749 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Bulletin of Environmental Conta... Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5575234 Thu, 05 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5575234 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5575240&cid=s_37644_55_f&fid=37644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22212416%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Lee SE, Chung JW, Won HS, Lee DS, Lee YW Abstract Two marine species of bacteria were isolated that are capable of degrading organometallic contaminants: Pseudomonas balearica, which decomposes methylmercury; and Shewanella putrefaciens, which decomposes tributyltin. P. balearica decomposed 97% of methylmercury (20.0 μg/L) into inorganic mercury after 3 h, while S. putrefaciens decomposed 88% of tributyltin (55.3 μg Sn/L) in real wastewater after 36 h. These data indicate that the two bacteria efficiently decomposed the targeted substances and may be applied to real wastewater. PMID: 22212416 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology) Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5575240 Tue, 03 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5575240 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5575243&cid=s_37644_55_f&fid=37644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22210445%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Zhang TT, He M, Wu AP, Nie LW Abstract To pursue an effective way to control freshwater algae, four extracts from a submerged macrophyte Hydrilla verticillata (Linn.f.) Royle were tested to study its inhibitory effects on Anabaena flos-aquae FACHB-245 and Chlorella pyrenoidosa Chick FACHB-9. Extract with the highest inhibiting ability was further studied in order to reveal the inhibitory mechanism. The results demonstrated that H. verticillata extracts inhibited the growth of A. flos-aquae and C. pyrenoidosa, and methanol extract had the highest inhibiting ability. The mechanism underlying the algal growth inhibition involves the superoxide anion radical generation that induces the damage of cell wall and release of intracellular components. PMID: 22210445 [PubMed - as... Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5575243 Sun, 01 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5575243 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5575242&cid=s_37644_55_f&fid=37644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22210446%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Salghi R, Luis G, Rubio C, Hormatallah A, Bazzi L, Gutiérrez AJ, Hardisson A Abstract Eight pesticide residues in tomato samples collected in the area of Souss Massa Valley (Southern Morocco) were analyzed. The detected residue levels ranged from 0.001 to 0.400 mg kg(-1) for dicofol, from 0.003 to 0.170 mg kg(-1) for procymidone, from 0.001 to 0.250 mg kg(-1) for chlorothalonil, from 0.050 to 0.500 mg kg(-1) for bifenthrin, from 0.001 to 0.010 mg kg(-1) for λ-cyhalothrin, from 0.001 to 0.300 mg kg(-1) for cypermethrin, from 0.010 to 1 mg kg(-1) for deltamethrin and from 0.003 to 1.123 mg kg(-1) for endosulfan. European MRL for endosulfan in tomatoes set in 0.500 mg kg(-1), was exceeded in 8 samples, and MRL for deltamethrin set in 0.300 mg kg(-1) for ... Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5575242 Sun, 01 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5575242 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5575241&cid=s_37644_55_f&fid=37644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22210447%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Askary Sary A, Mohammadi M Abstract Research was performed to investigate the concentration of mercury in muscle and liver of fish species from freshwater (Barbus xanthopterus, Barbus grypus, Liza abu) and saltwater (Cynoglossus arel, Periophthalmus waltoni, Otolithes ruber) in Khouzestan, Iran. In freshwater fish, muscle was polluted in comparison with liver except for Barbus xanthopterus which high levels of mercury were measured in liver. In saltwater fish liver was contaminated than muscle except for Cynoglossus arel which high level of mercury was found in muscle. Significant variations in metal values were evaluated using student's t test at P < 0.05. Mercury concentrations were well above the permissible limits suggested by WHO and FDA guidelines. PMID: 222... Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5575241 Sun, 01 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5575241 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5557606&cid=s_37644_55_f&fid=37644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22205471%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Díaz Rizo O, Hernández Merlo M, Echeverría Castillo F, Arado López JO Abstract Concentrations of cobalt, nickel, cooper, zinc and lead in the top-soils (0-10 cm) from a former Havana solid waste open dump were estimated by X-ray fluorescence analysis. The mean metal contents in the dump topsoil samples (in mg kg(-1): 8.4 ± 2.7 for cobalt, 50 ± 27 for nickel, 252 ± 80 for copper, 489 ± 230 for zinc and 276 ± 140 for lead) were compared with mean concentrations from Havana urban soils and from other solid waste disposals around the world. The comparison with Dutch soil quality guidelines showed a serious cooper contamination and a slight contamination with the rest of determined metals. The values of the integrated pollution index (mean index = 3.5) in... Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5557606 Thu, 29 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5557606 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5557605&cid=s_37644_55_f&fid=37644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22205472%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Trott D, Lepage J, Hebert VR Abstract A regional air assessment was performed to characterize volatile natural isothiocyanate (NITC) compounds in air during soil incorporation of mustard cover crops in Washington State. Field air sampling and analytical methods were developed specific to three NITCs known to be present in air at appreciable concentrations during/after field incorporation. The maximum observed concentrations in air for the allyl, benzyl, and phenethyl isothiocyanates were respectively 188, 6.1, and 0.7 μg m(-3) during mustard incorporation. Based on limited inhalation toxicity information, airborne NITC concentrations did not appear to pose an acute human inhalation exposure concern to field operators and bystanders. PMID: 22205472 [PubMed - as suppl... Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5557605 Thu, 29 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5557605 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5543724&cid=s_37644_55_f&fid=37644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22187021%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, invertebrate crustacean Artemia salina (brine shrimp) was applied as an indicator to assess the water quality of Hangzhou Section of Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal. The percentage mortality of brine shrimp was recorded after 24-h exposure to the Canal water. The water samples were collected from five typical sites during October 2008 and April 2009. It exhibited 11% ± 8.3%, 26.7% ± 17%, 31.7% ± 8.5%, 28.0% ± 11.7%, and 4% ± 4.3% percentage mortality for the sample from Tangxi Bridge, Yi Bridge, Gongchen Bridge, Maiyu Bridge, and Gujia Bridge in 2008, respectively. And it exhibited 5.7% ± 4.2%, 10.3% ± 8.2%, 24.3% ± 12.3%, 16.0% ± 12.3%, and 0%, percentage mortality in 2009, respectively. According to the results, a relative improvement in water quali... Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5543724 Wed, 21 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5543724 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5543723&cid=s_37644_55_f&fid=37644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22187022%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Maz-Courrau A, López-Vera C, Galván-Magaña F, Escobar-Sánchez O, Rosíles-Martínez R, Sanjuán-Muñoz A Abstract The present study determined the average mercury bioaccumulation in the muscle tissue of four shark species (Carcharhinus falciformis, Prionace glauca, Sphyrna zygaena and Isurus oxyrinchus) captured in the Baja California Peninsula. We also evaluated biomagnification of some prey consumed by sharks. All sharks' species had mercury levels over the limit specified by the Mexican government for human consumption. Blue shark (P. glauca) presented highest mercury values (1.96 ± 1.48 μg/g Hg d.w.) and it was the unique specie that showed a negative correlation with mercury content (Rs = -0.035, p = 0.91). Scomber japonicus was the prey with high content... Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5543723 Wed, 21 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5543723 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5523608&cid=s_37644_55_f&fid=37644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22173707%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Ali-Musstjab-Akber-Shah Eqani S, Malik RN, Alamdar A, Faheem H Abstract This review evaluates and summarizes the results of the studies of organochlorines-contaminated water, sediment/soil and biota in Pakistan. Pattern of occurrence of each contaminant class from different study sites is followed as DDTs > Cyclodiens > HCHs > PCBs. The studies conducted in the surrounding areas of the demolished DDT manufacturing units and obsolete pesticides stores of country showed extremely highest values of ∑DDTs, which differ significantly (p < 0.05) than those reported from the agricultural areas and fresh water bodies of the country. HCHs, heptachlor, dieldrin, and HCB were also reported in many studies, but the concentrations are comparable among all the locations ... Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5523608 Fri, 16 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5523608 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5523609&cid=s_37644_55_f&fid=37644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22170496%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Chauhan R, Monga S, Kumari B Abstract Persistence behaviour of λ-cyhalothrin in tomato fruits was studied following application with recommended (15 g a.i. ha(-1)) and double the recommended (30 g a.i. ha(-1)) dosage of λ-cyhalothrin at fruiting stage under two different temperature conditions. Samples were collected on 0 (1 h after spray), 1, 3, 5, 7, 10 and 15 days after application. Effects of processing like washing, washing followed by boiling were studied to dislodge the residues of λ-cyhalothrin on tomato fruits. Residues were estimated by GC-ECD capillary system. Residues of λ-cyhalothrin persisted up to 7 days in tomato fruits. The half-life (t (1/2)) periods were observed to be 2.07 and 1.88 days at room temperature and 2.35 and 2.02 days u... Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5523609 Thu, 15 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5523609 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5523613&cid=s_37644_55_f&fid=37644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22160134%26dopt%3DAbstract This study determined concentration levels of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in sediment samples collected from Jukskei River in South Africa. Final extracts, after concentration and dilution to 200 μL were analyzed by injecting 1 μL in the GC-ECD and GC-MS. Results obtained showed good recoveries (73%-114%, with RSD < 17%). The concentrations of ∑PBDEs in sediment for the seven sampling sites ranged from 0.92 to 6.76 ng g(-1) dry weight and total PBDEs with a total BDE sum of 23.85 ng g(-1) dry weights. Concentrations of PBDEs obtained in the present study are significantly lower than the values reported from developed countries. PMID: 22160134 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology) Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5523613 Sat, 10 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5523613 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5523612&cid=s_37644_55_f&fid=37644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22160135%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Tsukatani H, Tobiishi K Abstract A selective method has been developed for determining the concentration of 4,4'-, 3,4'-, and 2,2'-diaminodiphenylethers in sediment samples from the sea, using liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS). 4,4'-diaminodiphenylether is a suspected toxic compound, and categorized as "Class I Designated Chemical Substance" in Japan. We have investigated the levels of 4,4'-diaminodiphenylether in sediments to evaluate long-term water pollution. The methods detection limits for the 4,4'-, 3,4'-, and 2,2'-diaminodiphenylethers were 2.0, 1.7, and 4.8 ng/g-dry, respectively. PMID: 22160135 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology) Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5523612 Sat, 10 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5523612 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5523611&cid=s_37644_55_f&fid=37644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22160136%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study we have standardized a method where analysis of both the compounds is carried out by HPLC. The extraction and cleanup of spirotetramat and its metabolites spirotetramat-enol was carried out by QuEChERS method. The cleaned up residues were estimated by HPLC equipped with a photo diode array detector at a wavelength of 250 nm. The mobile phase used was acetonitrile: water at a proportion of 40:60. The limit of quantification (LOQ) of the method was 0.05 mg kg(-1) for both spirotetramat and its metabolite spirotetramat-enol. The recoveries of both the compounds at the LOQ level were in the range of 72.72%-86.76% from mango and 74.82% to 86.92% from cabbage. PMID: 22160136 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology) Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5523611 Sat, 10 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5523611 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5523610&cid=s_37644_55_f&fid=37644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22160166%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Fındık O, Turan MA Abstract The accumulation of metals (Iron, Aluminium, Zinc, Copper, Manganese, Boron, Chromium, Nickel, Cadmium, Lead) was seasonally (November 2009 to July 2010) measured in sediment samples taken from different areas of Beyler reservoir which is an important water source for irrigation in West Black Sea region (Turkey). Metals in sediment samples were analyzed by ICP-OES. The difference between the stations except for Zn metal (p < 0.05) has not been considered as important and a statistical difference between seasons for Fe, Ni metals (p < 0.01) and Cu metal (p < 0.05) has been observed. The magnitude of metal concentrations in sediment was determined as Aluminium > Iron > Manganese > Zinc > Chromium > CopperÂ... Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5523610 Fri, 09 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5523610 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5523616&cid=s_37644_55_f&fid=37644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22147082%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Kovarova J, Marsalek P, Blahova J, Jurcikova J, Kasikova B, Svobodova Z Abstract Perfluoroalkyl substances (PFHxS, FHUEA, PFOA, PFOS, FOSA, N-methyl FOSA and PFNA) from seven sites on the Svitava and Svratka rivers in the Brno conurbation (Czech Republic) were determined in fish blood plasma and water. Concentrations of PFHxS, FHUEA, FOSA, and N-methyl FOSA were below detection limits. Major compound in fish blood was PFOS (38.9-57.8 ng mL(-1)), followed by PFNA and PFOA. In water, the major compound detected was PFOA (1.7-178.0 ng mL(-1)), followed by PFOS and PFNA. A significant (p < 0.05) correlation for PFOA concentration in blood plasma and water was found (r = 0.74). PMID: 22147082 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Bulletin of Environmental ... Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5523616 Wed, 07 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5523616 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5523615&cid=s_37644_55_f&fid=37644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22147083%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Das SK, Mukherjee I, Das SK Abstract A field experiment was undertaken at Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi during kharif (rainy season) in the year 2010 to evaluate the residue persistence of flubendiamide in/on okra fruits following foliar application of Belt 39.35% SC formulation at 24 (standard dose) and 48 (double dose) g a.i. ha(-1). After HPLC analysis study revealed that residues of flubendiamide in/on okra persisted till 5th and 7th day after the last spray at standard and double dose, respectively. The residues of flubendiamide were reported as parent compound, and des-iodo flubendiamide, a metabolite (photo product) of flubendiamide, was not detected in/on okra at any time during the study period. The initial deposits of 0.28 and 0.53 μg g(-1)... Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5523615 Wed, 07 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5523615 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5523614&cid=s_37644_55_f&fid=37644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22147084%26dopt%3DAbstract We examined fish consumption by 37 residents. There was a significant correlation between hair mercury concentration and fish consumption. We also measured mercury concentration in polluted fish in upper reaches of the Maroni River. Muscle mercury concentrations were high in the fish. These results indicate that current high hair mercury concentrations in Amerindians remain linked to fish consumption. PMID: 22147084 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology) Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5523614 Wed, 07 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5523614 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5523618&cid=s_37644_55_f&fid=37644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22143373%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Seebaugh DR, Wallace WG, L'amoreaux WJ, Stewart GM Abstract Naïve grass shrimp Palaemonetes pugio were pulse-fed cadmium-contaminated meals containing carbon-14, fluorescent or near-infrared markers and analyzed for carbon assimilation efficiency, gut residence time, feces elimination rate, extracellular digestive protease activity or gut pH. Carbon assimilation efficiency (~83%), minimum gut residence time (~435 min) and proventriculus pH (~5.29 to ~6.01) were not impacted significantly by cadmium ingestion. A dose-dependent decrease in feces elimination rate (from ~14.4 to ~6.4 mm h(-1)) was observed for shrimp for 2 h following minimum gut residence time. Protease activities increased ~2.4-fold over the range of dietary cadmium exposures, however, this variation was... Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5523618 Tue, 06 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5523618 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5523617&cid=s_37644_55_f&fid=37644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22143374%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Nabavi SF, Nabavi SM, Abolhasani F, Moghaddam AH, Eslami S Abstract Curcumin is well known for its potent antioxidant activity. The result of numerous studies showed that antioxidants can protect against fluoride-induced toxicity. In the present study, protective effects of curcumin against sodium fluoride-induced toxicity in rat erythrocytes were evaluated. Curcumin (10 and 20 mg/kg) and vitamin C (10 mg/kg) were administrated intraperitoneally for 1 week followed by sodium fluoride (600 ppm) treatment for next week. Erythrocytes were isolated and superoxide dismutase and catalase activities as well as the levels of reduced glutathione, and lipid peroxidation were measured. The level of malondialdehyde in sodium fluoride treated rats (595.13 ± 20.23 nmol/g Hb) inc... Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5523617 Tue, 06 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5523617 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5523621&cid=s_37644_55_f&fid=37644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22139330%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Narendrula R, Nkongolo KK, Beckett P Abstract DR-Congo is a main world producer of copper (Cu) and cobalt (Co). Several hydrometallurgical plants and smelters also produced zinc, arsenic, and cadmium as by-products. In Sudbury (Canada), the production of nickel, copper and other metals has been maintained at high levels while industrial SO(2) emissions have been reduced by approximately 90% through combination of industrial technological developments and legislated controls. Metal analysis in the present study revealed that the levels of copper and cobalt in soils from mining sites in the Lubumbashi (DR-Congo) were up to 200 fold higher compared to contaminated Sudbury sites and tailings. Zinc content in soil samples from some mining areas in Lubumbashi was at least 70 tim... Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5523621 Sun, 04 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5523621 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5523620&cid=s_37644_55_f&fid=37644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22139331%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Zhang X, Starner K, Goh KS, Gill S Abstract For five agricultural regions in California, USA, detection frequency of diazinon in surface water and several aspects of its use were determined from recent data (2005-2010): application method, product formulation and primary crops. Diazinon detection frequencies ranged from 10% to 91%. Application method and product formulations used were similar in all regions. The primary crops treated varied from lettuce (77%) in the regions with highest detections frequencies to tree crops (53%) in those with the lowest. The results suggest that the variation in diazinon detection frequencies likely was not due to the application method or formulation type. PMID: 22139331 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Bulletin of Environ... Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5523620 Sun, 04 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5523620 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5523619&cid=s_37644_55_f&fid=37644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22139332%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Azizur Rahman M, Mamunur Rahman M, Hasegawa H Abstract Straighthead is a physiological disorder of rice (Oryza sativa L.) that results in sterile florets with distorted lemma and palea, and the panicles or heads may not form at all in extreme cases. Heads remain upright at maturity, hence the name 'straighthead'. The diseased panicles may not emerge from the flag leaf sheath when the disease is severe. Straighthead disease in rice results in poorly developed panicles and significant yield loss. Although other soil physicochemical factors involved, arsenic contamination in soil has also been reported to be closely associated with straighthead of rice. Monosodium methanearsonate has been a popular herbicide in cotton production in the USA, which has shown to cause injuries i... Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5523619 Sun, 04 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5523619 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5523623&cid=s_37644_55_f&fid=37644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22139296%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Savabieasfahani M, Hoseiny M, Goodarzi S Abstract Hair metal level in newborn and mother pairs from Iran is reported. Toxic metals including cadmium (157 vs. 87.5 μg/kg), mercury (246 vs. 198 μg/kg), copper (14,313 vs. 11,776 μg/kg) and aluminum (52,022 vs. 408,207 μg/kg) were higher in newborn hair when compared to their mothers; suggesting that metals maybe discarded in the fetus as a detoxification method. Comparison with available data from Germany and Poland, and Iraq suggests overall similarities and significant differences in the case of the Iraqi subjects. Public protection from mixture toxicity of metals will be facilitated by studies such as ours. PMID: 22139296 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and T... Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5523623 Sat, 03 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5523623 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5523622&cid=s_37644_55_f&fid=37644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22139297%26dopt%3DAbstract The objective of study was to assess the levels of selected metals and pesticides in plant products from agricultural area of Belgrade, Serbia in order to indicate their possible sources and risks of contamination and to evaluate their sanitary probity and safety. The concentrations of cadmium, copper, iron, manganese, nickel, lead and zinc were below limits established by national and international regulations (maximum found concentrations were 0.028, 1.91, 11.16, 1.77, 0.605, 0.073 and 1.76 mg kg(-1) respectively). Only residue of one of examined pesticides was found in amount below MRL (bifenthrin 2.46 μg kg(-1)) in only one of analysed samples, while others were below detection limits. Obtained results indicate that crops from examined agricultural areas are unpolluted by contamin... Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5523622 Sat, 03 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5523622 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5523625&cid=s_37644_55_f&fid=37644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22130608%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Ongeri DM, Lalah JO, Wandiga SO, Schramm KW, Michalke B Abstract Trace metals Cadmium (Cd), Lead (Pb), Copper (Cu), Zinc (Zn) and Iron (Fe) were analyzed in edible portions of three main finfish species namely Lates niloticus, Oreochromis niloticus and Rastrineobola argentea sampled from various beaches of Winam Gulf, Lake Victoria, Kenya, in order to determine any seasonal and site variations and the results showed significantly (p < 0.05) higher mean concentrations of Cd, Cu, Zn and Fe during the wet season compared to the dry season for all the three species indicating the impact of wash-off into the lake during the rainy periods. The overall mean concentrations of the heavy metals (in μg/g dry weight) in all combined samples ranged from 0.17-0.40 (Cd), 0.47-2.53 ... Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5523625 Thu, 01 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5523625 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5523624&cid=s_37644_55_f&fid=37644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22130609%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Askary Sary A, Beheshti M Abstract Lead, mercury, cadmium and iron concentration in following tissues: muscle, liver and gill of Liza abu in Karoun and Kharkheh were measured. Karoun and Kharkheh are important rivers in Iran. Significant variation in metal values were evaluated using Student's t test at p < 0.05. Result showed that maximum concentration of metals were recorded in gill tissues. Iron concentration was higher than lead, cadmium and mercury in different organs (p < 0.05). The level of metals Cd, Hg, Fe in different tissues of Karoun river was higher than Karkheh river (p < 0.05). Metals level in different tissue were upper than WHO standard. PMID: 22130609 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Bulletin of Environmental Contamination a... Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5523624 Thu, 01 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5523624 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5523626&cid=s_37644_55_f&fid=37644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22127434%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Jurado E, Fernández-Serrano M, Núñez Olea J, Lechuga M, Jiménez JL, Ríos F Abstract In this paper, toxicity values of alkylpolyglucosides have been determined by applying the 24-h immobilization test with Daphnia magna, the LumiStox(®) 300 test which employs the luminescent bacteria Photobacterium phosphoreum and the test with Selenastrum capricornutum. Three alkylpolyglucosides with different alkyl chain and degree of polymerisation have been tested. For all tests, the results indicated that Vibrio fischeri was more sensitive to toxic effects from alkylpolyglucosides than was D. magna or S. capricornutum. The results demonstrate considerable variation in toxicity responses within structurally related glucose-based surfactants regardless of the species tested. The to... Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5523626 Wed, 30 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5523626 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5523629&cid=s_37644_55_f&fid=37644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22120696%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Pereira SA, Araújo VQ, Reboucas MV, Vieira FS, de Almeida MV, Chinalia FA, Nascimento IA Abstract The water-soluble-fractions (WSF) from biodiesel and biodiesel/diesel blends were compared to diesel in their sub-lethal toxicity to microalgae. Chemical analyses of aromatics, non-aromatics hydrocarbons and methanol were carried out in the WSF, the former showing positive correlation with increasing diesel concentrations (B100 < B5 < B3 < B2 < D). Biodiesel interacted with the aqueous matrix, generating methanol, which showed lower toxicity than the diesel contaminants in blends. The WSF caused 50% culture growth inhibition (IC50-96 h) at concentrations varying from 2.3 to 85.6%, depending on the tested fuels and species. However, the same species sensit... Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5523629 Sun, 27 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5523629 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5523628&cid=s_37644_55_f&fid=37644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22120697%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Wang X, Liu X, Liu J, Wang G, Wan K Abstract The contamination level of T-2 and HT-2 toxin in cereal crops from Aba area in Sichuan Province of China was investigated by rapid liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS). The results revealed the high incidence of T-2 and HT-2 toxin and relatively low contamination level in the samples. The incidence of HT-2 toxin was 49.74% and its average level was 3.746 μg/kg. The incidence of toxin was 11.64% and the average level was 0.565 μg/kg. The maximum of T-2 and HT-2 toxin concentration was 3.332 and 34.510 μg/kg, respectively. In addition, contaminated samples not only included homegrown products, but included external purchased rice and flour, which may be attributed to bad storage environment and sanitar... Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5523628 Sun, 27 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5523628 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5523627&cid=s_37644_55_f&fid=37644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22120698%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Iqbal J, Tirmizi SA, Shah MH Abstract Selected metals (calcium, cadmium, cobalt, chromium, copper, iron, potassium, lithium, magnesium, manganese, sodium, lead, strontium and zinc) were measured in water samples from a source freshwater Lake. Average levels of cadmium, cobalt, chromium and lead in the waters were significantly higher than the guideline values. Health risk assessment was then carried out to determine health risk via oral route and dermal contact. Hazard quotient (via ingestion) levels of cadmium, cobalt, chromium and lead were higher than unity; suggesting potential adverse effects on local residents. Principal component analysis revealed considerable anthropogenic contributions of the metals in the water reservoir. PMID: 22120698 [PubMed - as supplied ... Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5523627 Sun, 27 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5523627 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5523630&cid=s_37644_55_f&fid=37644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22120653%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Tallmon DA Abstract We quantified imposex in file dogwinkles (Nucella lima) and tributyltin (TBT) contamination in bay mussels (Mytilus trossulus) from 10 harbors and nearby control sites throughout Alaska. We found evidence of TBT contamination in mussels from four harbors (29-54 ng TBT/g wet tissue wt). Two of these harbors now show reduced TBT contamination relative to levels found in 1987. We were able to find and collect dogwinkles from seven sites. Of these, all three dogwinkle samples from harbor sites exhibited imposex, with 36%-87.5% females affected per site. In total, six of the 10 harbors had some evidence of TBT contamination. PMID: 22120653 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology) Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5523630 Sat, 26 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5523630 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5523632&cid=s_37644_55_f&fid=37644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22109515%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Pal S, Kundu C, Kanrar B, Bhattacharyya A Abstract A multi-location field trial was conducted under North-East Indian climatic condition viz. Siliguri and Dooars, West Bengal, India during Monsoon 2005 to evaluate the dissipation pattern of Milbemectin formulation (Milbeknock 1% EC) in/on tea field at two application rates (5 and 10 g a.i. ha(-1)). The quantitative analysis was performed using High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) with fluorescence detection at 460 nm. Following the first order kinetics the acaricide dissipates with half-life (T(1/2)) value ranges between 4.93-5.28 days and 6.84-10.76 days in made tea samples of Siliguri and Dooars field, respectively. PMID: 22109515 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Bulletin of Environmental Co... Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5523632 Wed, 23 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5523632 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5523631&cid=s_37644_55_f&fid=37644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22109516%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Fakoor Janati SS, Beheshti HR, Asadi M, Mihanparast S, Feizy J Abstract Forty five dried fruits, 30 dried apricots and 15 prunes were tested for aflatoxins and ochratoxin A contamination utilizing immunoaffinity column clean up and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with fluorescence detection. 30% and 3.33% of examined apricot samples and 13.33% and 20% of examined prunes samples contained aflatoxin B(1) and ochratoxin A more than 0.2 ng g(-1). The average recoveries were found to be 91.1% and 98.5% for aflatoxin B(1) and ochratoxin A, respectively, while the detection limit was 0.2 ng g(-1) for both mycotoxins. PMID: 22109516 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology) Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5523631 Wed, 23 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5523631 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5523637&cid=s_37644_55_f&fid=37644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22105933%26dopt%3DAbstract Seasonal Trends of PM(2.5) and PM (10) in Ambient Air and Their Correlation in Ambient Air of Lucknow City, India. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol. 2011 Nov 22; Authors: Pandey P, Khan AH, Verma AK, Singh KA, Mathur N, Kisku GC, Barman SC Abstract The PM(10) concentration (μg/m(3)) in Lucknow city at 4 locations in three different seasons ranged between 148.6-210.8 (avg. 187.2 ± 17.1) during summer, 111.8-187.6 (avg. 155.7 ± 22.7) during monsoon and 199.3-308.8 (avg. 269.3 ± 42.9) during winter while PM(2.5) ranged between 32.4-67.2 (avg. 45.6 ± 10.9), 25.6-68.9 (avg. 39.8 ± 4.6) and 99.3-299.3 (avg. 212.4 ± 55.0) during respective seasons. The mass fraction ratio of PM(2.5) ranged between 0.22-0.92 (avg. 0.42 ± 0.26) and was significantly high during... Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5523637 Tue, 22 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5523637 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5523636&cid=s_37644_55_f&fid=37644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22105934%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Fisher P, Funnell E, Fairweather A, Brown L, Campion M Abstract Approximately 700 kg of cereal bait containing 20 ppm of the anticoagulant rodenticide brodifacoum was spilled into a southern New Zealand lake in 2010 from a helicopter being used to transport containers of brodifacoum bait for an aerial baiting operation. In the month after the spill no residual brodifacoum was detected in samples of lake water, sediment, benthic invertebrates, eels, and two birds. PMID: 22105934 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology) Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5523636 Tue, 22 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5523636 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5523635&cid=s_37644_55_f&fid=37644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22105935%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Wang Y, Zhan M, Zhu H, Guo S, Wang W, Xue B Abstract Six kinds of metals were measured in soils and plant from the Siding Pb-Zn mineland, South China, to investigate the pollution and restoration technique. The mean Pb, Zn, Fe, Mn, Cu and Cr contents in soils were 5,215 ± 642, 13,352 ± 1,242, 24,755 ± 2,475, 438 ± 52, 67 ± 38 and 68 ± 31 mg kg(-1), respectively. The results revealed the mean contents of Pb and Zn exceeded the third level of China standard of soil (GB15618-1995) for 10.4 and 26.7 times, respectively. The soil of Siding Pb-Zn mineland has heavily been subjected to Pb and Zn pollution. 22 plant species from 13 families were found colonizing. There were great variations of metal contents in plant species with Pb 1.58-1496 mg kg(-1), Zn 7.... Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5523635 Tue, 22 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5523635 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5523634&cid=s_37644_55_f&fid=37644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22105936%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Ural M, Yildirim N, Danabas D, Kaplan O, Yildirim NC, Ozcelik M, Kurekci EF Abstract Concentrations of metals were determined in the gills, liver, kidney, heart and muscle in Capoeta umbla caught from six stations from the Munzur River system. Metal concentrations in the tissues tended to vary significantly among stations (p < 0.05). Liver (Cu, 10.10 ± 0.23-23.03 ± 9.37 ppm; Zn, 14.67 ± 3.01-21.82 ± 2.39 ppm; Cd, 18.04 ± 4.56-52.69 ± 10.65 ppb and Fe, 28.87 ± 6.78-115.11 ± 34.87 ppm) and kidney (Cu, 1.80 ± 0.25-3.70 ± 0.62 ppm; Zn, 20.81 ± 0.37-29.36 ± 0.70 ppm; Cd, 132.06 ± 5.29-639.51 ± 20.14 ppb and Fe, 24.40 ± 1.98-59.39 ± 1.97 ppm) tissues showed higher metal concentrations than other tissues. It seems that ... Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5523634 Tue, 22 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5523634 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5523633&cid=s_37644_55_f&fid=37644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22105937%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Isaac CP, Sivakumar A, Kumar CR Abstract Lead levels in human breast milk and blood plasma or serum were analyzed and qualitatively their intelligence quotient (I.Q.) studied. Samples at different stages of lactation, from 5 days to 51 weeks post partum, were collected from 25 healthy breast-feeding mothers in Ranipet Industrial area of Vellore district of Tamil Nadu and from 25 lactating mothers in the non-industrial areas of the same district. The samples from mothers in non-industrial area showed lower lead levels ranging from 5 to 25 μg/L whereas samples from mothers in industrial area showed higher lead levels ranging between 15 and 44.5 μg/L. It was generally noticed that the lactating mothers from industrial area have lower I.Q. levels compared to mothers from... Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5523633 Tue, 22 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5523633 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5523638&cid=s_37644_55_f&fid=37644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22095408%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Demetrio PM, Bulus Rossini GD, Bonetto CA, Ronco AE Abstract Lethal effects of active ingredients and formulations of widely used soybean pesticides were assessed with the Hydra attenuata toxicity test. Studied pesticides were insecticides chlorpyrifos and cypermethrin, and herbicide glyphosate. Results indicate the following toxicity trend: chlorpyrifos > cypermethrin > glyphosate. Tested active ingredients of insecticides and respective formulations did not significantly differ between them. Glyphosate formulation exhibited higher toxicity at low concentrations (LC(1-10)) respect to active ingredient, reversing this behavior at higher concentrations (LC(50-90)). Comparing H. attenuata sensitivity with existent toxicity data for aquatic organisms indicates that ... Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5523638 Fri, 18 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5523638 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5523640&cid=s_37644_55_f&fid=37644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22086181%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Malhat F, Abdallah H, Hegazy I Abstract The main objective of this study was to understand the residue and persistence behaviour of new insecticide chlorantraniliprole in tomato fruit and soil samples. Its residue was analyzed by HPLC and it dissipated in tomato fruit and soil following first order kinetics. The results showed half life (t(1/2)) value of 3.30 and 3.66 days for chlorantraniliprole in tomato fruit and soil, respectively. According to maximum residue limit (MRL) the pre-harvest interval (PHI) of chlorantraniliprole on tomato was 8-days after the treatment. PMID: 22086181 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology) Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5523640 Wed, 16 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5523640 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5523639&cid=s_37644_55_f&fid=37644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22086182%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Urvashi , Jyot G, Sahoo SK, Kaur S, Battu RS, Singh B Abstract Indoxacarb residues were estimated by employing standardized QuEChERS technique in cabbage following three applications of Avant(R) 14.8 EC @ 52.2 and 104.4 g a.i. ha(-1). The average recoveries of indoxacarb on cabbage for fortification levels of 0.01, 0.05 and 0.1 mg kg(-1) were observed to be 83.93, 89.86 and 95.40%, respectively, with relative standard deviation of 1.21, 1.53 and 2.23. The method was also validated with respect to parameters of linearity, precision and limit of quantification (LOQ). The LOQ for cabbage was found to be 0.01 mg kg(-1). The average initial deposits of indoxacarb on cabbage were observed to be 0.18 and 0.39 mg kg(-1), respectively, at single and double the application ra... Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5523639 Wed, 16 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5523639 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5409249&cid=s_37644_55_f&fid=37644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22080327%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Sahoo SK, Jyot G, Battu RS, Singh B Abstract Dissipation of trifloxystrobin and tebuconazole were studied following two applications of a combination formulation of Nativo 75 WG (trifloxystrobin 25% + tebuconazole 50%) @ 250 and 500 g ha(-1) at 10 days interval. Samples of chili were collected at 0, 1, 3, 5, 7, 10 and 15 days after the last application. Red chili and soil samples were collected after 20 days of last application. Half-life period for trifloxystrobin were found to be 1.81 and 1.58 days and for tebuconazole these values were observed to be 1.37 and 1.41 days, respectively, at single and double the application rates. Trifloxystrobin residues dissipated below its limit of quantification (LOQ) of 0.01 mg kg(-1) after 5 and 7 days, respectively, at si... Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5409249 Sun, 13 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5409249 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5409248&cid=s_37644_55_f&fid=37644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22080328%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Darilmaz E, Kucuksezgin F Abstract Polycyclic aromatic and aliphatic hydrocarbons were analyzed in red mullet and annular sea bream from the Izmir Bay. These fishes were selected because of their multitude, wide distribution and common use in the Turkish diet; they were sampled and analyzed in 2000-2001 and 2004-2005 periods at five locations by trawling. Red mullet showed higher PAHs and aliphatics than annular sea bream. PAH levels for red mullet and annular sea bream ranged from 202 to 556 and 78.7 to 415; aliphatics ranged from 834 to 2,420 and 436 to 1,724 ng/g dw, respectively. Molecular ratios showed pyrolitic inputs for PAHs, biogenic and anthropogenic inputs for aliphatics. The carcinogenic PAH, benzo(a)pyrene, was detected in most fish samples in levels ranged b... Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5409248 Sun, 13 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5409248 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5409251&cid=s_37644_55_f&fid=37644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22080294%26dopt%3DAbstract Responses of Growth, Photosynthesis and VOC Emissions of Pinus tabulaeformis Carr. Exposure to Elevated CO(2) and/or Elevated O (3) in an Urban Area. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol. 2011 Nov 12; Authors: Xu S, Chen W, Huang Y, He X Abstract Responses of growth, photosynthesis and emission of volatile organic compounds of Pinus tabulaeformis exposed to elevated CO(2) (700 ppm) and O(3) (80 ppb) were studied in open top chambers. Elevated CO(2) increased growth, but it did not significantly (p > 0.05) affect net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, chlorophyll content, the maximum quantum yield of photosystem II, or the effective quantum yield of photosystem II electron transport after 90 d of gas exposure. Elevated O(3) decreased growth (by 42.2% in needle weig... Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5409251 Sat, 12 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5409251 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5409250&cid=s_37644_55_f&fid=37644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22080295%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Ray RR, Sarkar NK Abstract Blood hemoglobin level, hematocrit value and erythrocyte count were reduced by 17.5, 17.4 and 15.9%, respectively, as compared to the controls, in Swiss mice treated intraperitoneally with hexavalent chromium (4 mg of potassium dichromate per Kg for 5 day per week) for 2 weeks. Echinocytic transformation of 33.8% erythrocytes, as revealed by both light and scanning electron microscopy, indicated the anemia to be hemolytic in nature. Leucopenia was apparent after 2 weeks (mean leucocyte count: 4.91 thousand c mm(-1)), but not 1 week of treatment (mean count: 6.43 thousand c mm(-1)), However, cytochemical studies indicated that chromium did not interfere with iron utilization for hemoglobin synthesis and also, did not cause denaturation ... Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5409250 Sat, 12 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5409250 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5409252&cid=s_37644_55_f&fid=37644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22072273%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Klejnowski K, Pastuszka JS, Rogula-KozÅ‚owska W, Talik E, Krasa A Abstract Mass size distributions of ambient aerosol were measured in Zabrze, a heavily industrialized city of Poland, during a summer and a winter season. The chemical analyses of the surface layer of PM(10), PM(2.5) and PM(1) in this area were also performed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Results suggested that the influence of an atmospheric aerosol on the health condition of Zabrze residents can be distinctly stronger in winter than in summer because of both: higher concentration level of particulate matter (PM) and higher contribution of fine particles in winter season compared to summer. In Zabrze in June (summer) PM(10) and PM(2.5) reached about 20 and 14 μg/m(3), respectively, while in D... Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5409252 Thu, 10 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5409252 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5409255&cid=s_37644_55_f&fid=37644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22065124%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Karmakar R, Singh SB, Kulshrestha G Abstract A microwave assisted extraction (MAE) method for determination of thiamethoxam residues in vegetable and soil samples was standardized. Insecticide spiked vegetable and soil samples were extracted by MAE using water as an extraction solvent, cleaned up by solid phase extraction and analysed by high performance liquid chromatography on photodiode array detector. The recoveries of the insecticide from various vegetable (tomato, radish, brinjal, okra, French been, sugarbeet) and soil (sandy loam, silty clay loam, sandy clay loam, loamy sand) samples at 0.1 and 0.5 μg g(-1) spiking levels ranged from 79.8% to 86.2% and from 82.1% to 87.0%, respectively. The recoveries by MAE were comparable to those obtained by the conventional b... Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5409255 Tue, 08 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5409255 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5409254&cid=s_37644_55_f&fid=37644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22065125%26dopt%3DAbstract The objective of this study was to determine whether fish collected from the La Miel or Nechí Rivers (Colombia) differed in muscle methyl mercury (meHg) concentration. Two fish from six different species were collected from markets adjacent to each river. Overall, fish collected from the market adjacent to the Nechí River contained higher levels of meHg. This result however is being driven by very high meHg concentrations in four individual fish, three of which are Pimelodid, long-whiskered catfish. These catfish may represent ideal sentinel organism for the detection of meHg contamination in Colombian rivers. PMID: 22065125 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology) Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5409254 Tue, 08 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5409254 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5409253&cid=s_37644_55_f&fid=37644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22065126%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Paramasivam M, Banerjee H Abstract A method for residue analysis of flubendiamide and its metabolite desiodo flubendiamide was developed using high performance liquid chromatography. This method was then used to evaluate the residual level and dissipation rate of flubendiamide and desiodo flubendiamide in the tomato fruit. The half-life of flubendiamide in tomato fruit was 1.64 and 1.98 days in recommended and double of the recommended dose, respectively. Tomato fruit and soil samples analyzed on the 10th day after the last spray revealed that flubendiamide and its metabolite desiodo flubendiamide residues at below determination level (0.01 μg g(-1)) at either dose of application. PMID: 22065126 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Bulletin of Environmental... Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5409253 Tue, 08 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5409253 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5409264&cid=s_37644_55_f&fid=37644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22057226%26dopt%3DAbstract This study shows that total particle PAH emission rates and factors were mainly <0.25 μm. Furthermore, the total toxic equivalency emission rates and factors of PAHs for PM0.25 were 241.3-469.7 and 198.8-576.2 ng/g from the three smoldering incenses. The benzo[a]pyrene accounted for 65.2%-68.0% of the total toxic equivalency emission factor of PM2.5 for the three incenses. Experimental results clearly indicate that the PAH emission rates and factors were influenced significantly by incense composition, including carbon and hydrogen content. The study concludes that smoldering incense with low atomic hydrogen/carbon ratios minimized the production of total polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons of both PM2.5 and PM0.25. PMID: 22057226 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Bulleti... Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5409264 Sun, 06 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5409264 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5409258&cid=s_37644_55_f&fid=37644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22057279%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Zhang X, Geng H Abstract Rotifers are one of the smallest metazoans. They serve as a model organism for ecotoxicological studies. More than 60% of the lakes in China are increasingly eutrophic and they are susceptible to blooms of Microcystis aeruginosa. We investigated the effects of M. aeruginosa on the survival and reproduction of Brachionus calyciflorus using the life table method at different temperatures. The findings showed that concentration of M. aeruginosa significantly affected the intrinsic rate of increase (r(m)), net reproductive rate (R(0)), average lifespan (L) and offspring number (p < 0.05). Temperature also significantly affected the generation time (T), average lifespan (L) and offspring number (p < 0.05). Moreover, the interaction between tem... Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5409258 Sun, 06 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5409258 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5409257&cid=s_37644_55_f&fid=37644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22057280%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Mukherjee I, Aman Kumar , Ashok Kumar Abstract Persistence behavior of two combination mix formulations of insecticides viz. profenofos + cypermethrin (Roket 44EC) and chlorpyrifos + cypermethrin (Nacraj-505) were studied in eggplant fruits following spray application at recommended and double dose. Half-life values were calculated from first order dissipation kinetics, in case of Roket 44EC, residues of cypermethrin on fruits dissipated with half-life of 2.15-2.31 days, whereas residues of profenofos dissipated with the half-life of 0.91-1.86 days. Profenofos residues persisted beyond 7 days in soil, whereas residues of cypermethrin were below detection limit on 0-day itself. Dissipation of chlorpyrifos residues in the combination mix with cypermethrin (Nacraj-505... Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5409257 Sun, 06 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5409257 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5409256&cid=s_37644_55_f&fid=37644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22057281%26dopt%3DAbstract This study investigated the effect of coartemether on antioxidant and hepatotoxic biomarkers in Plasmodium berghei infected mice. Erythrocyte, hepatic and renal superoxide dismutase (2.71 ± 0.51; 1.96 ± 0.87; 2.84 ± 0.22 Units/mg protein respectively) and catalase (4.10 ± 0.10; 8.25 ± 1.24; 6.28 ± 0.11 Units/mg protein respectively) activities were significantly (p < 0.05) elevated in "parasitized and treated" (PnT) animals. Renal glutathione level (19.02 ± 0.20 μg/mL) was elevated in PnT animals. Glutathione S-transferase and malondialdehyde levels in hepatic (8.76 ± 0.49 μmol/min/mg; 527.23 ± 24.56 mmol/dL) and renal (3.35 ± 0.30 μmol/min/mg; 464.42 ± 59.13 mmol/dL) tissues were significantly high (p < 0.05) in coartemether-treated anima... Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5409256 Sun, 06 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5409256 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5409263&cid=s_37644_55_f&fid=37644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22057227%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: de Moura JF, Hacon SD, Vega CM, Hauser-Davis RA, de Campos RC, Siciliano S Abstract Total mercury (Hg) was determined in muscle tissue of 20 Guiana dolphins stranded along the coast of Rio de Janeiro state, Brazil, with a mean of 1.07 μg/g wet weight. Mercury concentrations were positively related to body length, possibly related to the capacity of the dolphins to bioaccumulate this element throughout life. The Hg concentrations were not significantly different between males and females, although females (1.08 μg/g) showed slightly higher levels than males (1.04 μg/g). Concentrations were low when compared to results of studies carried out with small cetaceans in the Northern Hemisphere, and with previous studies in the Southeastern Brazil. PMID: 22057227 [PubMed... Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5409263 Sat, 05 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5409263 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5409262&cid=s_37644_55_f&fid=37644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22057228%26dopt%3DAbstract This study assessed the relationship between total mercury (Hg) concentrations in edible tissue, exoskeleton and viscera with length, weight and gender for 69 samples of crustaceans, Penaeus semisulcatus (n = 30), Thenus orientalis (n = 21) and Portunus pelagicus (n = 18) from the northern part of the Persian Gulf. Significant increase in the Hg level in muscle and viscera (r > 0.65, p < 0.01) with an increase in length and weight for all three species. No relationship was found between the Hg level in exoskeleton and length or weight. Significantly higher Hg levels (p < 0.01) were found in female P. semisulcatus than in males (muscle and viscera), but no gender differences were found for the other two species. PMID: 22057228... Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5409262 Sat, 05 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5409262 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5409261&cid=s_37644_55_f&fid=37644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22057229%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, osprey (Pandion haliaetus) tissues collected in France were used for contaminants analyses by a non-invasive approach. 53 pesticides (organochlorine, organophosphate, carbamate, pyrethroids, herbicides, anticoagulant rodenticides), 13 PCBs, and 5 metals (mercury, lead, cadmium, copper and arsenic) were quantified in liver of 14 individual samples. PCBs and mercury were frequent (mean 0.5 mg/kg, range < d.l.-2.6 mg/kg and mean 3.4 mg/kg, range < d.l.-16.3 mg/kg wet weight, respectively). Inter-individual variations in contaminant diversity and amounts were noticed. Immediate conservation of the species in the country does not seem to be threatened by global contamination. PMID: 22057229 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Bulletin of Environmental C... Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5409261 Sat, 05 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5409261 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5409260&cid=s_37644_55_f&fid=37644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22057230%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Rastkari N, Mesdaghinia A, Yunesian M, Ahmadkhaniha R Abstract Levels of tributyltin (TBT) and its degradation products, mono (MBT) and dibutyltin (DBT), were monitored in fish commonly consumed in Iran. Samples were purchased from fish markets at seasonal intervals in 2010 along the North coast of Iran. Concentration of MBT, DBT and TBT in the muscle of these fish were in the range of n.d. -1.01 ± 0.84, n.d. -0.33 ± 0.26 and n.d. -4.31 ± 0.95 ngg(-1) (wet weight), respectively. Residue levels of butyltins were found lower than the tolerable average residue level of 100 ngg(-1) (wet weight). PMID: 22057230 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology) Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5409260 Sat, 05 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5409260 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5409259&cid=s_37644_55_f&fid=37644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22057231%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Dhaneesh KV, Gopi M, Noushad KM, Ganeshamurthy R, Kumar TT, Balasubramanian T Abstract A bio-monitoring study was performed to investigate the concentration of certain metals (cadmium, cobalt, copper, iron, magnesium, manganese, nickel, lead and zinc) in gill, skin and muscle of thirteen demersal fish species of Agatti Coast of Lakshadweep Sea. All the metal concentrations in gill are higher than skin and muscle. Concentrations of toxic metals such as Cd (0.61 ± 0.67 μg g(-1) in Gerres longirostris), Mn (0.83 ± 1.21 μg g(-1) in Lutjanus fulvus) and Ni (0.56 ± 0.83 μg g(-1) in L. bengalensis) were well above the permissible limits suggested by World Health Organization and Food and Agricultural Organizations. PMID: 22057231 [PubMed - as supplied by pub... Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5409259 Sat, 05 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5409259 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5409266&cid=s_37644_55_f&fid=37644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22052136%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Orozco-Durán A, Daesslé LW, Gutiérrez-Galindo EA, Muñoz-Barbosa A Abstract The distribution of selenium, molybdenum and uranium was studied in ~1.5 m sediment cores from the Colorado River delta, at the Colorado (CR) and Hardy (HR) riverbeds. Core HR2 showed highest Se, Mo and U concentrations at its bottom (2.3, 0.95 and 1.8 μg g(-1)) within a sandy-silt layer deposited prior to dam construction. In CR5 the highest concentrations of these elements (0.9, 1.4 and 1.7 μg g(-1) respectively) were located at the top of the core within a surface layer enriched in organic carbon. A few samples from HR2 had Se above the probable toxic effect level guidelines. PMID: 22052136 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Tox... Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5409266 Fri, 04 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5409266 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5409265&cid=s_37644_55_f&fid=37644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22052137%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Mukherjee I, Kumar A Abstract Endosulfan is a cyclodiene insecticide used all over the world for the control of various insect pests on variety of food and non crop products. Despite judicious use endosulfan has been detected in atmosphere, soil, water, sediment, surface water rain water and food stuffs, which is of concern. In view of the above the use of mustard and maize plants as potential phytoremediation inputs have been evaluated. The potential of mustard (brassica campestris Linn.) and maize (Zea Maize) to remove a organochlorine pesticide endosulfan was investigated. The disappearance rate constants of endosulfan from soil were 0.03684, 0.23490 and 0.17272 day(-1) for unplanted treatment, planted with mustard and maize, respectively, which implied that plant upta... Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5409265 Fri, 04 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5409265 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5374893&cid=s_37644_55_f&fid=37644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22048669%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Wu CC, Lin TS, Yang TT, Hsu HW, Chang CL, Huang CH, Lin WY Abstract The ambient PAHs levels in the downtown area of a traditional small city were analyzed for winter and summer seasons. A total of 16 PAHs in gaseous and particulate phase were quantified. The average gaseous PAHs were 2,189 ± 1,194 and 623.8 ± 545.1 ng/m(3) in winter and summer seasons, respectively. For the PAHs in particulate phase, they were 40.32 ± 12.15 and 11.99 ± 5.63 ng/m(3) in winter and summer seasons, respectively. These values were comparable to those reported for large cities or even higher. The estimated BaPeq was 12.32 ± 6.34 ng/m(3). As low-molecular-weight PAHs primarily existed in gaseous phase, high-molecular-weight PAHs in particulate phase became a significant fraction... Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5374893 Thu, 03 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5374893 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5374894&cid=s_37644_55_f&fid=37644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22045126%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Waykar B, Deshmukh G Abstract The fresh water bivalves, Lamellidens corrianus, Lamellidens marginalis, and Indonaia caeruleus were exposed to chronic concentration of arsenic (0.1719 ppm), cadmium (0.1284 ppm), copper (0.033 ppm), lead (1.50 ppm), mercury (0.0443 ppm) and zinc (1.858 ppm) separately up to 30 days in laboratory. Dry weight of each animal was used to calculate metal concentrations (μg/g) and the metal body burden (μg/individual). It was observed that lead (1235.4 μg/g) and arsenic (37.9 μg/g) concentration were highest in Lamellidens corrianus, zinc (3,032.3 μg/g) was highest in Lamellidens marginalis, while mercury (5.87 μg/g), cadmium (142 μg/g) and copper (826.7 μg/g) was highest in Indonaia caeruleus. PMID: 22045126 [PubMed - as ... Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5374894 Wed, 02 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5374894 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5374895&cid=s_37644_55_f&fid=37644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22037678%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Repula CM, Quináia SP, de Campos BK, Ganzarolli EM, Lopes MC Abstract The concentrations of Cr and Pb were determined in bryophytes and pteridophytes sampled in a stream near a tannery in Guarapuava, southern Brazil. The concentrations of Cr and Pb were measured by cathodic and anodic voltammetry, respectively. These plants were used to evaluate the spatial distribution of elements in the examined stream, and contained elevated levels of Cr (0.71-24.07 μg/g) and Pb (4.33-24.20 μg/g). Chromium levels in plants near the tannery greatly exceeded background levels, indicating a severe to extreme degree of contamination with this metal. Lead levels were elevated to a lesser degree, indicating slight to moderate contamination for most plants collected near the tannery. ... Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5374895 Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5374895 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5272359&cid=s_37644_55_f&fid=37644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21909624%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Thompson TS, Dimock R, Bradbury RW, Rieve R, Fehr M Abstract Fresh potatoes (228 samples) from 34 farmers' markets in Alberta were analyzed for 29 pesticides. Residues of three different pesticides were found in the samples tested with chlorpropham being most frequently detected (n = 13) at concentrations ranging from 15 to 7,600 μg kg(-1). Azoxystrobin (n = 11) and imidacloprid (n = 8) were found at concentrations ranging from 0.6 to 5.1 and 15-31 μg kg(-1), respectively. All pesticide concentrations were below Canadian maximum residue limits as established for potatoes. No pesticide residues were detected in 23 potato samples obtained from certified organic farmers. PMID: 21909624 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and ... Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5272359 Sun, 02 Oct 2011 13:36:00 +0100 5272359 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5272358&cid=s_37644_55_f&fid=37644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21909625%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, 35 representative farmland soil samples from suburban areas in south Shenyang, the capital city in Liaoning province, China, were collected to evaluate the pollution of 114 pesticides. Surface soil samples were air-dried and sieved. Ultrasonic extraction was used for pesticides preparation prior to analysis with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The total concentrations of tested pesticides in the area ranged in 0-51.32 ng/g and the average of concentrations was 6.86 ng/g. Six pesticides, including butachlor(with detect frequency 71.4%), p,p'-DDE (88.6%), p,p'-DDT (77.1%), o,p'-DDD (82.9%), hexachlorobenzene (88.6%) and δ-HCB (77.1%), were detected most frequently. It indicated that DDTs (N.D.-40.25 ng/g) and HCHs (N.D.-42.79 ng/g) were the predominant pesticide pol... Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5272358 Sun, 02 Oct 2011 13:35:50 +0100 5272358 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5272357&cid=s_37644_55_f&fid=37644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21909626%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Mombelli E, Pery AR Abstract Chronic toxicity data for Daphnia magna are information requirements in the context of regulations on chemical safety. This paper proposes a linear model for the prediction of chemically-induced effects on the reproductive output of D. magna. This model is based on data retrieved from the Japanese Ministry of Environment database and it predicts chronic effects as a function of acute toxicity data. The proposed model proved to be able to predict chronic toxicities for chemicals not used in the training set. Our results suggest that experiments involving chronic exposure to chemicals could be reduced thanks to the proposed model. PMID: 21909626 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology) Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5272357 Sun, 02 Oct 2011 13:35:41 +0100 5272357 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5272356&cid=s_37644_55_f&fid=37644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21910005%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Leboulanger C, Schwartz C, Somville P, Diallo AO, Pagano M Abstract Ecotoxicological assessment in the tropics is based mainly on knowledge gained from temperate organisms, although many studies have shown the need for models that are more appropriate to tropical regions. The toxicity of two herbicides and two insecticides to nauplii of two freshwater zooplankton species, Mesocyclops aspericornis (von Daday in Inseln Zool Jb Syst 24:175-206, 1906) from a tropical reservoir and a Mesocyclops sp. from a temperate pond, were compared. Both strains were sensitive to paraquat, temephos and fenitrothion, tropical M. aspericornis being generally more tolerant (EC50s of 207, 1,450 and 1,840 μg L(-1) for paraquat, temephos and fenitrothion, respectively) than the temperate Mesoc... Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5272356 Sun, 02 Oct 2011 13:35:31 +0100 5272356 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5272354&cid=s_37644_55_f&fid=37644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21959994%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Sun D, Li L, Ji R, Li W, Ye H, Wu Y, Liu C Abstract A sensitive and effective analytical method for the determination of hymexazol in cucumber and soil samples by gas chromatography with a flame photometric detector was developed. This method was validated with fortified at three different levels of 0.2, 1.0 and 5.0 mg/kg. Average recoveries obtained from cucumber and soil samples at three fortified levels were 94.0%-107.8% with relative standard deviations (RSDs) of less than 11.4%. Limits of quantification (LOQ) in cucumber and soil were 0.2 mg/kg. The method was successfully applied to determine hymexazol in real samples of cucumber and soil under open fields. PMID: 21959994 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and T... Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5272354 Fri, 30 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5272354 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5272355&cid=s_37644_55_f&fid=37644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21956764%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Tabatabaie T, Ghomi MR, Amiri F, Zamani-Ahmadmahmoodi R Abstract Anzali and Gomishan wetlands are considered as two of the most important wetlands in southern coast of Caspian Sea. To investigate mercury accumulation in these ecosystems, total mercury concentrations were measured in the muscle tissue of two fish species. Higher mercury concentrations were detected in C. carpio, an omnivorous benthic/pelagic species (Anzali wetland: 0.2 μg g(-1) wet weight; Gomishan wetland: 0.2 μg g(-1) wet weight), than in S. lucioperca, a carnivorous pelagic species (Anzali: 0.06 μg g(-1) wet weight; Gomishan: 0.15 μg g(-1) wet weight). PMID: 21956764 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology) Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5272355 Thu, 29 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5272355 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5272361&cid=s_37644_55_f&fid=37644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21953307%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Malhat F, Nasr I Abstract The concentration of organophosphorus pesticides in fish samples from different tributaries of the Nile River in Egypt was monitored. Fish samples were collected from El Menofiya, canal water supplies (El-Sarsawia, El-Bagoria and Bahr Shebin), in addition to El-Embaby, El-Menofi and Miet Rabiha drainage canals each 2 month during periods of 16 month, June 2007-Septemper 2008. Chloropyrifos, cadusafos, diazinon, prothiphos and malathion were detected in fish tissues samples at level below the maximum residue limit. The highest average amount of chlorpyrifos (9.38 ng g(-1)) and malathion (8.31 ng g(-1)) were detected in El-Embaby drain. Prothiphos were found in tissues collected from El-Sarsawia canal and Miet-Rabiha drain at mean concentratio... Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5272361 Wed, 28 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5272361 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5272360&cid=s_37644_55_f&fid=37644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21953308%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Shy CG, Huang HL, Chang-Chien GP, Chao HR, Tsou TC Abstract The study aimed to examine the impact of prenatal exposure to polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) on infant neurodevelopment. PBDEs levels in 36 cord blood samples were analyzed with a high-resolution-gas-chromatograph/high-resolution-mass-spectrometer and infant neurodevelopment was assessed using the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development, Third Edition. The mean and median of Σ(11)PBDEs were 6.63 and 4.63 ng/g lipid, respectively. As compared to the lower PBDEs group (Σ(11)PBDEs < 4.63 ng/g lipid), the higher PBDEs group (Σ(11)PBDEs > 4.63 ng/g lipid) had a significantly higher actual odds ratio (OR = 1.13, p < 0.05) of the cognition score as well as a lower odds ratio (OR =Â... Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5272360 Wed, 28 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5272360 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5272363&cid=s_37644_55_f&fid=37644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21947543%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Jablonski J, Jablonska E, Leonik A Abstract In the present study we examined a role of pro-apoptotic Bax and anti-apoptotic Mcl-1 proteins, participating in the regulation of intrinsic apoptosis pathway in human neutrophils (PMNs) exposed to N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA), the environmental xenobiotic. For the purpose comparison, the same studies were conducted in autologous peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). The production of cytochrome c by PMNs was also determined. A deficit of anti-apoptotic Mcl-1 and overexpression of the pro-apoptotic protein Bax suggest that the apoptosis process in human neutrophils exposed to NDMA is dependent on changes in the expression of these proteins. PMNs were more sensitive to NDMA than PBMCs. PMID: 21947543 [PubMed - as suppli... Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5272363 Tue, 27 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5272363 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5272362&cid=s_37644_55_f&fid=37644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21947544%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Adjei-Boateng D, Obirikorang KA, Amisah S, Madkour HA, Otchere FA Abstract The relationship between gonadal development and the concentrations of four heavy metals Mn, Zn, Fe and Hg in the tissues of the clam Galatea paradoxa was evaluated at the Volta estuary, Ghana, over an 18-month period. Metal concentrations in the clam tissues were highly variable over the sampling period and seemed to be influenced by the reproductive cycle of the clam. Mn concentrations varied over a wide range from 49 to 867 μg/g and exhibited a significant positive correlation with gonadal development (p = 0.0146, r(2) = 0.3190). Zn and Fe concentrations ranged from 13 to 59 μg/g and 79 to 484 μg/g, respectively and both revealed negative relationships between gonad development and meta... Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5272362 Tue, 27 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5272362 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5272365&cid=s_37644_55_f&fid=37644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21947500%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Kaur P, Yadav GS, Chauhan R, Kumari B Abstract Residues of cypermethrin and decamethrin were estimated in brinjal fruits by gas liquid chromatography following single application of Cymbush 25 EC @ 43.75 and 87.50 g a.i./ha and of Decis 2.8 EC @ 11.20 and 22.40 g a.i./ha at fruiting stage. The average initial deposits of cypermethrin 0.600 and 1.095 mg kg(-1) and of decamethrin 0.430 and 0.900 mg kg(-1) were observed for single and double dose, respectively. Residues reached below maximum residue limit (MRL) value of 0.2 and 0.05 mg kg(-1) on third and seventh day for cypermethrin and decamethrin, respectively. The half-life values (t(1/2)) were worked out to be 1.16, 1.18 days for cypermethrin and 1.33, 1.42 days for decamethrin at single and double dose, respec... Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5272365 Sun, 25 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5272365 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5272364&cid=s_37644_55_f&fid=37644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21947501%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Zanuncio JC, Jusselino-Filho P, Ribeiro RC, Zanuncio TV, de S Ramalho F, Serrão JE Abstract Stressors can affect reproduction and longevity by impacting endocrine and immune systems but they may increase life span and stimulate reproduction. The effects of sublethal doses of permethrin topically applied on third instar nymphs of Podisus distinctus (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) was evaluated. The weight of females survival of nymph and adults, number of eggs and nymphs/females of P. distinctus were higher when exposed to lower doses of permethrin. On the other hand, the exposition to the 0.131, 1.315 and 13.15 ppb showed positive effects on the oviposition periods, number of egg masses and longevity of P. distinctus females. PMID: 21947501 [PubMed - as supplied by publi... Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5272364 Sun, 25 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5272364 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5238736&cid=s_37644_55_f&fid=37644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21931962%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Cattaneo R, Clasen B, Loro VL, de Menezes CC, Pretto A, Baldisserotto B, Santi A, de Avila LA Abstract The effects of commercial glyphosate herbicide formulation on the activity of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) enzyme and oxidative stress were studied in Cyprinus carpio exposed for 96 h to 0.0, 0.5, 2.5, 5.0 and 10.0 mg/L and then allowed to equal recovery period in water without herbicide. The activity of AChE was inhibited in the brain and in the muscle after exposure. However, after recovery period brain and muscle AChE activity increased. Brain thiobarbituric acid reactive species (TBARS) were measured as an indicator of oxidative stress. Increased TBARS levels were observed with all concentrations tested of the glyphosate formulation, and remained increased after the ... Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5238736 Tue, 20 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5238736 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5238737&cid=s_37644_55_f&fid=37644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21928147%26dopt%3DAbstract The objective of this experiment was not only to provide a simple residue analytical method to evaluate the safe application rate of Emamectin Benzoate for paddy crops but also to give a suitable recommended dosage in paddy crops. Paddy samples were detected using HPLC-MS/MS. The half-lives of emamectin benzoate in paddy plants, water and soil were 2.04-8.66 days, 2.89-4.95 days and 3.65-5.78 days with a dissipation rate of 90% over 7 days after application, respectively. Low residues and short half-life suggested that Emamectin Benzoate could be safely used in paddy crops with the suitable dosage and application. PMID: 21928147 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology) Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5238737 Sun, 18 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5238737 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5224451&cid=s_37644_55_f&fid=37644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21922281%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Hong JH, Lee CR, Lim JS, Lee KS Abstract Residues of the polar pesticide pymetrozine were compared using two methods: hydromatrix and liquid-liquid extraction (LLE). The biological half-life and the final residue level were investigated using Aster scaber over a 10-days cultivation period. The respective biological half-lives of the pesticide were 4.2 and 3.5 days at the recommended and double dose. The final residue levels were 1.28 and 1.98 mg kg(-1), respectively, at the same application rate of pymetrozine according to the GAP standard of the United Kingdom. Average recovery was higher with LLE than with the hydromatrix method. Dissipation curves of pymetrozine were influenced by the application amount and growth rate of A. scaber. The final residue level of pymetro... Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5224451 Fri, 16 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5224451 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5224450&cid=s_37644_55_f&fid=37644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21922282%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Mohapatra S, Deepa M, Jagdish GK Abstract Residue persistence of tebuconazole and quinalphos in immature onion bulb with leaves (spring onion), mature onion bulb and soil was studied following their spray applications 3 times. The applications were untreated control; tebuconazole @ 187.5 and 375 g a.i. ha(-1); quinalphos @ 300 and 600 g a.i. ha(-1). Initial residue deposits of tebuconazole in immature onion bulb with leaves from the two treatments were 0.628 and 1.228 mg kg(-1). The residues of tebuconazole dissipated with the half-life of 5 and 7.7 days. The safe pre-harvest intervals (PHI) for consumption of immature onion bulb with leaves were 16 and 35 days, respectively. Initial residue deposits of quinalphos in immature onion bulb with leaves from the two treat... Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5224450 Fri, 16 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5224450 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5224449&cid=s_37644_55_f&fid=37644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21922283%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Udayakumar P, Chandran A, Jean Jose J, Rajesh BR, Narendra Babu K, Ouseph PP Abstract Spatial and temporal variations in concentration of dissolved metals viz. Copper (Cu), Lead (Pb), Chromium (Cr), Nickel (Ni), Zinc (Zn), Cadmium (Cd) and Mercury (Hg) in surface waters of southwest coast of India were studied. Concentrations of metals showed an aberration both temporally and spatially. Seasonal average concentrations of the analyzed metals followed the order Zn > Ni > Cu > Pb > Cd > Cr > Hg. The degree of contamination due to metal was determined by comparison with coastal water quality criteria. It established enrichment of Cu, Zn, Ni and Hg due to anthropogenic influence along southwest coast of India. PMID: 21922283 [PubMed - as suppli... Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5224449 Fri, 16 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5224449 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5224448&cid=s_37644_55_f&fid=37644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21922284%26dopt%3DAbstract This study estimated Hg emission factors (EFs) and total Hg loading to the Jaguaribe Estuary, NE Brazil, from intensive shrimp farming, and compares this with other local anthropogenic activities. The EF reached 83.5 mg ha(-1) cycle(-1) (about 175 mg ha(-1) year(-1)), resulting in an annual Hg load to the estuary of 0.35 kg. The calculated EF is comparable to Hg EFs from urban wastewaters (200 mg ha(-1)) and solid waste disposal (400 mg ha(-1) year(-1)) from cities located in the estuary's basin. However, due to the smaller area of aquaculture (2,010 ha), total annual loads are much lower than from these other sources (75 and 150 kg year(-1), respectively). Since shrimp farming effluents are released directly into the estuary, the estimated high EF raises environmental conce... Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5224448 Fri, 16 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5224448 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5214704&cid=s_37644_55_f&fid=37644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21904856%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Lu GH, Qi PD, Qin J, Wang C Abstract Our study investigated multiple biomarker responses of goldfish exposed to sediments collected from northern Taihu Lake. The activities of acetylcholinesterase, 7-ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase, glutathione-S-transferase and superoxide dismutase did not differ significantly from controls following exposure to sediment from the center of the lake. However, sediment collected from the northern bays did significantly alter enzymatic activities. An integrated biomarker response (IBR) was calculated and used to evaluate the impact of pollutants from different stations. The results indicated that Mashan in Meiliang Bay and Xiaogongshan in Gong Bay were the most stressful places for fish. Sediment polychlorinated biphenyl and polybrominated diph... Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5214704 Fri, 09 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5214704 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5214705&cid=s_37644_55_f&fid=37644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21894495%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Allinson M, Shiraishi F, Kamata R, Kageyama S, Nakajima D, Goto S, Allinson G Abstract A pilot study was initiated to provide the first information on the recombinant receptor-reporter gene bioassay (hormonal) activity of freshwaters in Victoria. The project involved the collection of water samples from six stations on the main stem of the Yarra River in and upstream of the city of Melbourne, Australia in April 2008 and April 2009. Samples were prepared for measurement of sample toxicity using a modified photobacterium test, genotoxicity using a high-throughput luminescent umu test method, and human and medaka estrogen receptor (hERα and medERα), retinoic acid receptor (RAR), aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) and thyroid receptor (TR) assay activity using the relevant yeas... Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5214705 Tue, 06 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5214705 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5184164&cid=s_37644_55_f&fid=37644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21877238%26dopt%3DAbstract This study was conducted to evaluate the presence of cyhialothrin, cyfluthrin, cypermethrin, fenvalerate, and deltamethrin in vegetables produced and consumed in Sonora, Mexico. A total of 345 samples were collected from cluster sampling of markets and fields. Approximately 9% of the samples tested positive for pyrethroids (residue range 0.004-0.573 mg kg(-1)). Based on the results, the potential toxicological risk of human exposure to the pyrethroid insecticides measured in vegetables appears to be minimal, with the estimated exposure being 1,000 times lower than admissible levels. PMID: 21877238 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology) Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5184164 Mon, 29 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5184164 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5184166&cid=s_37644_55_f&fid=37644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21874403%26dopt%3DAbstract This study illustrates oxyradical scavenger GPx best correlated with stress level of pollutants among the various antioxidant parameters. PMID: 21874403 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology) Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5184166 Sat, 27 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5184166 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5184165&cid=s_37644_55_f&fid=37644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21874404%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Vieira JL, Gomes AL, Santos JP, Lima TC, Freitas JA, Pinheiro MC Abstract Total mercury concentrations were determined in muscle, liver and kidney of Cichlia ocellaris and Colossoma macropomum sampled at Tapajos and Carnapijo Rivers in Amazon ecosystem during the flood period of 2009. In background area the highest levels of mercury were observed in liver of piscivorous (0.3 ± 0.03 ug/g dry wt) and non piscivorous fish (0.20 ± 0.1 ug/g dry wt), but in contaminated area the highest level of mercury in piscivorous fish was detected in liver (0.45 ± 0.27 ug/g dry wt) and in muscle (0.26 ± 0.05 ug/g dry wt) of non piscivorous fish. These results suggested that the presence of anthropogenic source plays a key role in the pattern of mercury distribution in fish t... Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5184165 Sat, 27 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5184165 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5147052&cid=s_37644_55_f&fid=37644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21858703%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Paramasivam M, Banerjee H Abstract A sensitive and simple method for simultaneous analysis of flubendiamide and its metabolite desiodo flubendiamide in cabbage, tomato and pigeon pea has been developed. The residues were extracted with QuEChERS method followed by dispersive solid-phase extraction with primary secondary amine sorbent to remove co extractives, prior to analysis by HPLC coupled with UV-Vis detector. The recoveries of flubendiamide and desiodo flubendiamide were ranged from 85.1 to 98.5% and 85.9 to 97.1% respectively with relative standard deviations (RSD) less than 5% and sensitivity of 0.01 μg g(-1). The method offers a less expensive and safer alternative to the existing residue analysis methods for vegetables. PMID: 21858703 [PubMed - as supplied b... Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5147052 Sat, 20 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5147052 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5147051&cid=s_37644_55_f&fid=37644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21858704%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Yang Y, Li F, Bi X, Sun L, Liu T, Jin Z, Liu C Abstract Lead, Zn, and Cd in vegetables/crops were investigated in a zinc smelting region in China, and their daily dietary intake by local residents was estimated. It is observed that Pb, Zn, and Cd were in 34.7-91.1, 242-575, and 0.199-2.23 μg g(-1) dry weight in vegetables/crops with their greatest concentrations in leafy vegetable. The daily dietary intake of Pb, Zn, and Cd by adult residents reached 3, 646, 59,295, and 186 μg day, respectively, and lettuce and cabbage together contributed 75% of the Pb, 50% of the Zn, and 70% of the Cd. PMID: 21858704 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology) Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5147051 Sat, 20 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5147051 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5147050&cid=s_37644_55_f&fid=37644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21858705%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Shi S, Huang Y, Zhang L, Zhang X, Zhou L, Zhang T, Dong L Abstract Muscle samples from wild seabass and Chinese prawn collected from the Bohai Sea and the Yellow Sea, China were analyzed for 22 organochlorine pesticides. DDTs were the predominant contaminants in all samples. The concentration of DDTs in seabass was 247 μg kg(-1) wet wt (from 4.30 to 2,089 μg kg(-1) wet wt). Significantly, concentration of DDTs in seabass was much higher than that in prawn (6.51 μg kg(-1) wet wt). Very high concentrations of DDTs and high DDT/DDTs ratio were found in seabass samples from some locations, which imply there might be new inputs of DDT into the marine environment. PMID: 21858705 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and... Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5147050 Sat, 20 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5147050 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5147049&cid=s_37644_55_f&fid=37644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21858706%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Li Q, Luo Z, Yan C, Zhang X Abstract In Xiamen offshore area, sediment polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) concentrations ranged from 2.33 to 30.94 ng/g, with an average value of 8.94 ng/g. The in situ organic carbon normalized partition coefficients (log K' (oc)) of the 12 co-polar congeners PCBs between sediments and porewater were from 1.50 to 2.64, and the log K' (oc) decreased with increasing chlorine number. PCB congeners pattern of marine organism were characterized by 5-6 CB chlorinated compounds, and the world health organization total dioxin equivalents of PCBs in organism ranged from 1.45 to 88.26 pg/g lipid. PMID: 21858706 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology) Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5147049 Sat, 20 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5147049 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5147048&cid=s_37644_55_f&fid=37644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21858707%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Mukherjee S, Kaviraj A Abstract Experiments were performed in the laboratory to determine if excess levels of Co used as dietary supplement (0.0, 0.05, 0.10 and 1.0%) to enhance growth of the fish Cyprinus carpio was safe for aquatic organisms. Lethal concentrations of Co for tadpole of toad Bufo melanostictus (96 h LC(50), 17.2 mg/L), oligochaet worm Branchiura sowerbyi (96 h LC(50), 179 mg/L) and crustacean zooplankton Diaptomus forbesi (96 h LC(50), 1.5 mg/L) were compared with the concentration of Co in the medium leached from the unused diets and faeces. The results indicated that the Co leached from diet containing 1.0% Co was ecotoxicologically unsafe for crustacean zooplankton. PMID: 21858707 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Bulletin of Enviro... Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5147048 Sat, 20 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5147048 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5147047&cid=s_37644_55_f&fid=37644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21858708%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Ebrahimpour M, Pourkhabbaz A, Baramaki R, Babaei H, Rezaei M Abstract The main objectives of study were to monitor the metals concentrations, in freshwater fish species, Carassius gibelio and Esox lucius; and to identify any relationships between species and bioaccumulation of metals. The highest concentration of metals (cadmium, 1.96; copper, 24.2; zinc, 49.6; lead, 5.4; chromium, 4.4) between the fish species and tissues was in the liver of Esox lucius, while the lowest (cadmium,0.21; copper,7.2; zinc,19.4; lead,0.9; chromium,0.6 μg/g) found in the muscle of Carassius gibelio. Results showed that the metal concentrations were in fishes in descending order of zinc > copper > lead > chromium > cadmium, similarly in the tissue liver > kidney >... Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5147047 Sat, 20 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5147047 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5134501&cid=s_37644_55_f&fid=37644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21833731%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, two bacterial isolates designated Alp6 and Alp7 were isolated from soil collected from dye industries and screened for their ability to degrade carbazole. Growing cells of the isolates Alp6 and Alp7 could degrade 99.9% and 98.5% of carbazole, respectively in 216 h. The specific activity for degradation by the resting cells of Alp6 was found to be 7.96 μmol/min/g dry cell weight, while for Alp7 it was 5.82 μmol/min/g dry cell weight. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rDNA gene sequences showed that isolates Alp6 and Alp7 belonged to the genus Acinetobacter. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the Acinetobacter spp. showing utilization of carbazole as carbon and nitrogen source. PMID: 21833731 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Bulleti... Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5134501 Thu, 11 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5134501 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5134499&cid=s_37644_55_f&fid=37644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21837390%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, the Enrichment Factors and elemental composition profiles of the PM2.5 were used to suggest the emission sources. The selected sites were Miravalle and Centro, and in both cases there were high values lead, Cadmium, Cobalt, Chromium, Cupper, Molybdenum, Nickel, Antimony, Selenium and Zinc for EF (>5), suggesting an anthropogenic origin. The remaining elements (Iron, Magnesium, Manganese, Strontium and Titanium) had Enrichment Factors <5, attributable to a geological origin, probably due to the suspension of particles from motor vehicles or wind. Comparing the elemental composition profiles of the two sites allowed establishing similarities with some reference profiles (SPECIATE database Version 4.2-EPA) from sources such as Paved Road Dust (PRD) and Industrial Soil (IS... Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5134499 Thu, 11 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5134499 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5134502&cid=s_37644_55_f&fid=37644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21833730%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Hu JY, Hu YQ, Chen Y, Yang T A rapid, sensitive and reliable analytical method for thidiazuron residues in apple and soil was established. The residual levels of the pesticide in apple and soil were determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with UV detector. Samples of apple and soil were extracted with acetonitrile-water solutions, and then cleaned up by Florisil or C(18) cartridges. The results showed good linearity (r ( 2 ) = 1.000) over the concentration range of 0.01-5.0 mg/L. Limits of quantification (LOQ) of the method were 0.01 mg/kg for both soil and apple. Recovery from the apple and soil samples were 83.36%-84.08% and 85.27%-89.83%, respectively, and the corresponding relative standard deviations (RSDs) of the recovery data were 0.155%-0.524% a... Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5134502 Wed, 10 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5134502 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5134500&cid=s_37644_55_f&fid=37644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21833732%26dopt%3DAbstract This study investigated the potential use of a 1.34 ha constructed wetland for removing these herbicides from surface water. The total length of the wetland was 400 m and width was 35 m. A surface water flow rate of 740 L/min was maintained in the system using a pump. The plant community within the system consisted primarily of Panicum repens, Alternanthera philoxeroides, and Bacopa caroliniana. Norflurazon and simazine, derived from commercial formulations, were injected (51.1 g active ingredient each) directly into the water pumped into the wetland over a 2 h period. Water samples were collected from the wetland upstream of the dosing system at 3 h intervals from the beginning through 360 h and at the exit point at 1, 2, and 3 h intervals for the periods of 0-24, 25-48 and 49-36... Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5134500 Wed, 10 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5134500 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5134503&cid=s_37644_55_f&fid=37644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21830037%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Rosso JJ, Puntoriero ML, Troncoso JJ, Volpedo AV, Fernández Cirelli A High levels of fluoride in freshwater ecosystems are harmful for humans and animals, particularly, aquatic biota. In this paper, the concentrations of fluoride in arsenic-rich lotic ecosystems of the Pampa Plain, Argentina, were recorded. The relationship of fluoride with the concentration of arsenic was explored. Our results show that fluoride in these freshwater ecosystems ranged from 0.15 to 1.65 mg L(-1). Concentrations of fluoride were highly and significantly (r = 0.71; p = 0.001) correlated with arsenic. PMID: 21830037 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology) Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5134503 Tue, 09 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5134503 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5134504&cid=s_37644_55_f&fid=37644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21822962%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Türkmen M, Türkmen A, Tepe Y Present study was performed to examined the metal concentrations in muscle, liver, gonad and gill of gilthead seabream, European seabass, Leaping mullet and Flathead grey mullet from Paradeniz Lagoon, Mediterranean coastal area. The metal concentrations found in muscle tissue varied for Fe: 2.3-51.4, Zn: 6.63-14.8, Cu: 0.38-1.10, Mn: 0.38-1.06, Cr: 0.34-1.13, Ni: 0.58-.074, Pb: 0.32-1.02, Cd: 0.20-0.67 and Co: 0.30-0.61 mg/kg wet weight. Iron showed the highest levels in all tissues, and generally followed by zinc. On the other hand, cadmium, cobalt and lead showed lower levels than other metals. Statistically significant differences were observed in the mean metal values obtained from investigated fish species and their tissues. The levels of m... Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5134504 Sat, 06 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5134504 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5134506&cid=s_37644_55_f&fid=37644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21818637%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Liang F, Yang S, Sun C The status and health risks of eight metals, Pb, Cd, Cr, Cu, Zn, Fe, Ni and Mn, in surface water from Taihu Lake (Jiangsu Province, China) were evaluated. The results showed that the maximum hazard quotients (HQ) value through ingestion pathway and dermal adsorption pathway was 2.74E-01 (Ni) and 2.57E-02 (Cd), respectively. However, the individual hazard quotient and total hazard index of eight metals through ingestion and dermal adsorption pathway was all lower than 1, indicating that the pollution situation in the surface water of Taihu Lake concerning these metals has no or low adverse health effects. PMID: 21818637 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology) Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5134506 Thu, 04 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5134506 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5134505&cid=s_37644_55_f&fid=37644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21818638%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Rizo OD, Castillo FE, López JO, Merlo MH Concentrations of Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Pb and Fe in the top-soils (0-10 cm) from urbanized and un-urbanized areas of Havana city were measured by X-ray fluorescence analysis. The mean Co, Ni, Cu, Zn and Pb contents in the urban topsoil samples (13.9 ± 4.1, 66 ± 26, 101 ± 51, 240 ± 132 and 101 ± 161 mg kg(-1), respectively) were compared with mean concentrations for other cities around the world. The results revealed the highest concentrations of metals in topsoil samples from industrial sites. Lowest metal contents were determined in the un-urbanized areas. The comparison with Dutch soil quality guidelines showed a slight contamination with Co, Ni Cu and Zn in all studied sites and with Pb in industrial soils. On the other... Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5134505 Thu, 04 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5134505 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5134507&cid=s_37644_55_f&fid=37644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21814844%26dopt%3DAbstract This study for the first time combined aquatic bryophyte occurrence, the bioaccumulation of 17 macro-and microelements in 17 species, and 26 water factors by principal components analysis (PCA) in an assessment of river pollution. PMID: 21814844 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology) Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5134507 Wed, 03 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5134507 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5134509&cid=s_37644_55_f&fid=37644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21809098%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Iwegbue CM The concentrations and profiles of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons were determined in spent drilling fluid deposited at Emu-Uno, Delta State of Nigeria. The total concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the spent drilling fluid deposits ranged between 40 and 770 μg kg(-1). The PAHs profile were predominantly 2- and 3-rings with acenaphthalene, phenanthrene, fluorene being the predominant PAHs. The prevalence of 2- and 3-rings PAHs in the spent drilling fluid deposits indicate contamination of the drilling fluids with crude oil during drilling. Incorporation of spent drilling fluids into the soil has serious implication for soil, surface water and groundwater quality. PMID: 21809098 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Bulletin of Enviro... Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5134509 Mon, 01 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5134509 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5134508&cid=s_37644_55_f&fid=37644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21809099%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Bharti S, Banerjee TK Metal accumulation in various tissues of Heteropneustes fossilis exposed to the effluent generated from an open cast coal mine was investigated. The contents of Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn, Ni, Pb, Cd and Cr in the effluent were above the permissible limits as suggested by the different pollution control agencies. Out of the eight metals investigated, accumulation (mg kg(-1) dry weight of tissue) of Fe was maximum in every tissues followed by liver (265.88 ± 49.89) > kidney (153.0 ± 65.85) > gills (50.66 ± 23.923) > brain (49.303 ± 5.11) > air breathing organs (27.98 ± 10.93) > skin (19.56 ± 2.53) > muscles (8.74 ± 0.83). This was succeeded by Pb in brain (39.35 ± 5.79), Zn in kidneys (27.04 ± 2.31), Mn in the g... Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5134508 Mon, 01 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5134508 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5086977&cid=s_37644_55_f&fid=37644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21805121%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Naghizadeh A, Mahvi AH, Jabbari H, Derakhshani E, Amini H We aimed to conduct an exposure assessment to dust and free silica for workers of Sangan iron ore mine in Khaf, Iran. The maximum concentrations of total dust and free silica were measured in crusher machine station at 801 ± 155 and 26 ± 7 mg/m(3), respectively. Meanwhile, the minimum concentrations were measured in official and safeguarding station at 8.3 ± 2 and 0.012 ± 0.002 mg/m(3), respectively. Also, the maximum concentrations of respirable dust and free silica were measured in Tappeh Ghermez drilling no. 1 at 66 ± 13 and 1.5 ± 0.4 mg/m(3), respectively, while the minimum concentrations were measured in pneumatic hammer at 5.26 ± 3 and 0.01 ± 0.005 mg/m(3), respectively. Considerate to ... Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5086977 Fri, 29 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5086977 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5087013&cid=s_37644_55_f&fid=37644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21800087%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Mo LY, Liu SS, Zhu YN, Liu HL, Liu HY, Yi ZS To test whether the dose addition and independent action models can predict the combined toxicity of the mixtures of phenol and aniline derivatives, six phenolic and two aniline derivatives were selected as the test components. The inhibition toxicity of the derivatives and their mixtures to Vibrio qinghaiensis sp.-Q67 indicated that all dose-response relationships could be effectively described by the Weibull function with correlation coefficients greater than 0.99. The combined toxicity of two equivalent-effect concentration ratio mixtures and eight uniform design concentration ratio mixtures could be predicted successfully by the dose addition model within 95% confidence intervals. However, it was also well predicted by the indep... Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5087013 Thu, 28 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5087013 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5087052&cid=s_37644_55_f&fid=37644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21792536%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study we assessed 48 samples of virgin olive oil collected along the Croatian Adriatic coast for quality control, and for the presence of residues of seven organochlorine pesticides and 17 congeners of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). Organochlorine pesticide levels ranged between below the limit of determination and 3.7 ng g(-1) of oil, while PCBs ranged between below the limit of determination and 1.8 ng g(-1) of oil. A larger problem than the presence of organochlorine compounds was that the seven tested oils (out of 48) did not meet some quality standards. PMID: 21792536 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology) Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5087052 Tue, 26 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5087052 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5087046&cid=s_37644_55_f&fid=37644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21792537%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Alam S, Kole RK, Bhattacharyya A A field trial was carried out to understand the persistence behaviour of tetraconazole in mango and also in the soil of mango orchard following five applications @ 50 g a.i./ha (T (1)) and 100 g a.i./ha (T (2)). The initial deposits were found to be 0.23 and 0.38 μg/g for T (1) and T (2) doses. The theoretical maximum residue contribution (TMRC) of tetraconazole in dietary exposure appeared to be toxicologically safe for consumption as compared with maximum permissible intake (MPI). The half-life values of tetraconazole in mango were in the range of 4-5 days. The harvest samples of mango and soil were free from tetraconazole residues. PMID: 21792537 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Bulletin of Environmental Contamination an... Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5087046 Tue, 26 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5087046 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5087037&cid=s_37644_55_f&fid=37644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21792538%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Struger J, Grabuski J, Cagampan S, Rondeau M, Sverko E, Marvin C Surface water sampling in 2006-2008 measured the occurrence of sulfonylureas and related herbicides (SUs) during base flow conditions and wet weather events. Flumetsulam (29.2%), diuron (36.5%) and fomesafen (25.3%) were most frequently detected over the course of the study. Typical SU concentrations were in the low parts per trillion range; however, maximum concentrations of fomesafen (873 ng/L), linuron (856 ng/L) and diuron (2,900 ng/L) approached or exceeded 1 μg/L. The temporal trend in SUs showed a correlation with application periods. In general, detections of SUs were more frequent where rotation of row crops was more intense. Sampling during wet-weather events indicated potential for a range of SUs ... Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5087037 Tue, 26 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5087037 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5087056&cid=s_37644_55_f&fid=37644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21786114%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Migon C, Motegi C, Mari X, Dufour A, Weinbauer M Metal and nutrient concentrations were measured in five running water sampling sites of New Caledonia. Metal concentrations were homogeneous (Ni; 22.7-50.6 μg L(-1)) or not (Fe; 37-749 μg L(-1)). Concentrations of Ni, Cr, Fe were high, including high dissolved fractions (up to 47.8, 70.8 and 417 μg L(-1), respectively). Concentrations of anthropogenic metals (Ag, As, Cd, Cu, Pb, Sb, V, Zn) were low (maximum: total Cu, 0.6 μg L(-1)). The contamination of waters is presumably due to soil weathering and mining activities. Metal concentrations and phosphate depletion (<0.04 μmol L(-1)) suggest constrained conditions for the development of aquatic life. PMID: 21786114 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Bull... Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5087056 Sat, 23 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5087056 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5087083&cid=s_37644_55_f&fid=37644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21785875%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Fındık O, Ciçek E The Black Sea is very vulnerable to originating from land based human activities and its health is equally dependent on the coastal and non-coastal states of its basin. Total concentrations of cadmium, copper, zinc, lead, nickel, aluminum, iron, manganese, boron and chromium concentrations were determined in Merlangius merlangus (whiting) and Mullus barbatus found in Amasra in the West Coast of the Black Sea (Turkey). The metal contents that were measured in head and muscle was expressed in μg g(-1) wet weight. On average, while the highest Fe (344.25 μg g(-1)), Mn (10.35 μg g(-1)), Cr (0.96 μg g(-1)) and Al (76.77 μg g(-1)) concentrations were measured in the heads of M. merlangus and the highest Zn (77.99 μg g(-1)), Cu(8.53 μg g(-1)),... Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5087083 Fri, 22 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5087083 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5087068&cid=s_37644_55_f&fid=37644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21785878%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Qian H, Li J, Pan X, Sun L, Lu T, Ran H, Fu Z The relationships between metal uptake and antioxidant enzyme activities or a response to membrane lipid peroxidation (i.e., malondialdehyde production) in Chlorella vulgaris exposed to Cu and Cd compounds singly and in combination were investigated. The results showed that bioaccumulation of a single metal was influenced by the presence of the other metal. The activities of superoxide dismutase and peroxidase increased to more than fivefold of the control after exposure to Cu(1.5 μM) alone or to Cu(1.5 μM) with Cd mixtures. Malondialdehyde levels in C. vulgaris also increased to approximately twofold of the control after exposure to high concentration of Cu(1.5 μM) alone or to Cu and Cd mixtures. However, Cd alone did not si... Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5087068 Fri, 22 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5087068 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5087062&cid=s_37644_55_f&fid=37644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21785879%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Albayrak T, Mor F Bioindicators are useful for environmental monitoring in ecosystems with pollution loads. We compared concentrations of selected 10 metals in 42 samples of House Sparrow in a polluted by thermal power plant and reference sites. We found mean tissue concentrations of some metals to be significantly higher in sparrows from the polluted area when compared to tissues from the reference site. In liver mean concentrations of Cu (35.85 ± 17.22 mg kg(-1)) and Zn (101.76 ± 26.38 mg kg(-1)) were significantly higher and concentration of Ni (0.43 ± 0.49 mg kg(-1)) were significantly lower in sparrows from the polluted area (p < 0.05). The concentration of Cu was significantly higher in muscle and liver at the polluted site. Gender did not seem to inf... Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5087062 Fri, 22 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5087062 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5087077&cid=s_37644_55_f&fid=37644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21785876%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Hu W, Huang B, Zhao Y, Sun W, Gu Z Residues of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) and hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH), their risks and affecting factors in 544 representative soils collected from a typical alluvial plain of the Yangtze River Delta region, China, were investigated. Mean concentrations of ΣDDT and ΣHCH in soils were 88.8 and 99 ng/g, respectively. Historical application of DDT and HCH were the major sources of their residues in soils. Concentrations of DDT in soils had relative greater levels of contamination, while concentrations of HCH were almost at safe levels. Residues of DDT and HCH in soils were affected by soil types as well as soil textures. PMID: 21785876 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Bulletin of E... Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5087077 Thu, 21 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5087077 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5087072&cid=s_37644_55_f&fid=37644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21785877%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Bu N, Wang SH, Yu CM, Zhang Y, Ma CY, Li XM, Ma LJ The genotoxicity of fenpropathrin and fenitrothion on root tip cells of Vicia faba was studied. The symptoms were investigated about the mitotic index, the micronucleus frequency and chromosomal aberration frequency of root tip cells of Vicia faba which were induced by different concentrations of fenpropathrin and fenitrothion (1 × 10(-10)-1 × 10(-2) g L(-1)). Results showed that fenpropathrin and fenitrothion could induce the micronucleus of root tip cells of Vicia faba. It occurred in a dose-dependent manner. Peaks were observed at 1 × 10( -6) g L(-1) fenpropathrin and 1 × 10(-4) g L(-1) fenitrothion, and micronucleus frequency reached 14.587 ± 1.511‰ and 14.164 ± 1.623‰, respectively. From 1 × 10(-1... Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5087072 Thu, 21 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5087072 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5087087&cid=s_37644_55_f&fid=37644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21769613%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, mercury concentrations in the air of Portovelo were evaluated. High mercury levels in the ambient were found in El Pache sector, where most gold mining processing plants are located. These varied between 2,356.7 ± 1,807.6 and 3,699.5 ± 1,225.3 ng/m(3) during the rainy and dry seasons, respectively. Lower levels were detected in the urban (central) area of Portovelo, with 214.6 ± 43.7 ng/m(3) in the rainy season and 574.2 ± 72.8 ng/m(3) in the dry season, exceeding the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry minimum risk level of 200 ng/m(3). Average mercury concentrations in exhaled air from miners, measured before and after amalgam burning ranged between 179-1,352 and 2,007-3,389 ng/m(3), respectively. These data suggest Portovelo air is polluted w... Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5087087 Sat, 16 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5087087 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5037386&cid=s_37644_55_f&fid=37644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21761172%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, acute toxicity monitoring and toxicity identification evaluation procedures were applied to identify causative toxicants in industrial effluents. Effluents from a metal plating factory and a rubber products factory were acutely toxic toward Daphnia magna and the toxicity varied over different sampling events (2.9-5.9 and 1.7-7.6 TU, respectively). For the rubber products effluent, it was confirmed that zinc (5.65-13.18 mg L(-1)) was found to be a major cause of toxicity, which is likely originated from zinc 2-mercaptobenzothiazole and zinc diethyldithiocarbamate used as vulcanization accelerators. For the metal plating effluent, it appeared that the presence of high concentrations of Cl(-) and SO(4) (2-) (8,539-11,400 and 3,588-4,850 mg L(-1), respectively) caused the o... Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5037386 Thu, 14 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5037386 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5037385&cid=s_37644_55_f&fid=37644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21761173%26dopt%3DAbstract This study measured the organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in 234 soil samples (residential and agricultural) from 24 communities. The global results (mean, range) indicated that benzene hexachloride (19.2, ND-938.5 μg g(-1)), endrin (6.6, ND-377.3 μg g(-1)) and DDTs (36.45, ND-679.7 μg g(-1)) were the dominant contaminants. Soil is one of the most important routes of exposure to OCPs in the population of southern Sonora and this study can be used to establish background levels of OCPs. PMID: 21761173 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology) Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5037385 Thu, 14 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5037385 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5037388&cid=s_37644_55_f&fid=37644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21755288%26dopt%3DAbstract This study was performed to investigate the metal concentrations in muscle and gill of blue crab, Callinectes sapidus from Dörtyol Lake, Akyatan Lagoon, Paradeniz Lagoon and Çamlık Lagoon from the northeastern coastal area of Mediterranean Sea. So, the levels of cadmium, chromium, copper, iron, manganese, nickel, aluminum and zinc in tissues of specimens from the lagoons were determined by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometer. The metal concentrations found in muscle tissue varied for Cd: 0.03-0.08, Cr: 0.05-0.13, Cu: 5.38-11.7, Fe: 21.1-38.2, Mn: 0.15-2.98, Ni: 0.24-0.45, Zn: 13.9-20.1 and Al: 1.2-13.7 mg/kg wet weight. Iron showed the highest levels in both tissues, and generally followed by zinc except gills. On the other hand, cadmium showed the lowest levels fr... Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5037388 Wed, 13 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5037388 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5037387&cid=s_37644_55_f&fid=37644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21755289%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: John RC, Itah AY, Essien JP, Ikpe DI The effect of crude oil on the growth of legumes (Calopogonium muconoides and Centrosema pubescens) and fate of nitrogen-fixing bacteria in wetland ultisol was investigated using standard cultural techniques. The results revealed observable effects of oil on soil physico-chemistry, plant growth and nodulation as well as on densities of heterotrophic, hydrocarbonoclastic and nitrogen fixing bacteria. The effects however varied with different levels (0.5%, 1%, 5%, 10%, 15% and 20%) of pollution. Ammonium and nitrate levels were high in the unpolluted soil but decreased with increase in pollution levels. Nitrite was not detected in contaminated soil probably due to the reduction in numbers of nitrogen fixers, from 5.26 ± 0.23 × l0(6)cfu/... Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5037387 Wed, 13 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5037387 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5037391&cid=s_37644_55_f&fid=37644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21735274%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Kula I, Solak MH, UÄŸurlu M, IşıloÄŸlu M, Arslan Y Scleroderma verrucosum, Stropharia coronilla, Lactarius deterrimus, Chroogomphus rutilus, Russula delica, Laccaria laccata, Clitocybe odora var. alba, Lyophyllum decastes, Coprinus comatus, Helvella leucomelaena, Melanoleuca cognata, Melanoleuca cognata, Paxina acetabulum, Clitocybe vermicularis, Sarcosphaera crassa, Rhizopogon roseolu and Thelephora caryophyllea were collected from different localities in MuÄŸla-YataÄŸan region of Turkey. Their trace metals concentrations were determined by ICPOES after microwave digestion. The results were 0.37 ± 0.01-5.28 ± 0.21 for cadmium, 467 ± 19-3,280 ± 131 for iron, 0.69 ± 0.03-9.15 ± 0.37 for lead, 18.70 ± 0.75-67.10 ± 2.68 for selenium, 75 ± 3-213 ± 8... Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5037391 Wed, 06 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5037391 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5037390&cid=s_37644_55_f&fid=37644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21735275%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Yang M, Wang K, Shen Y, Wu M Estrogenic potency of water samples from various rivers and wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) in Shanghai was determined to assess the estrogenic pollution in typical Chinese urban regions. While the estrogenic activity, calculated as estradiol equivalents (EEQs), in surface water was found to be 2.48-41.9 ng/L, it was 47.7-80.1 ng/L in the influents from WWTPs. After treatment (removal rate of 62.3%-83.6%), the EEQ level in effluents was 7.82-24.8 ng/L, which was within the range of the corresponding receiving rivers. Our findings suggest that WWTP effluents may not be the predominate source of potential aquatic estrogenic contamination in Shanghai. PMID: 21735275 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Bulletin of Environmental Cont... Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5037390 Wed, 06 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5037390 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5037389&cid=s_37644_55_f&fid=37644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21748472%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Osuna-Martínez CC, Páez-Osuna F, Alonso-Rodríguez R In order to determine the metal concentrations in cultured oysters from four coastal lagoons from SE Gulf of California, several individuals of Crassostrea gigas and C. corteziensis were collected and their cadmium, copper, lead and zinc levels were measured by atomic absorption spectrometry after acid digestion. The concentration of metals in oyster soft tissue was Zn > Cu > Cd > Pb. In two lagoons, Cd concentrations (10.1-13.5 μg g(-1) dw) exceeded the maximum level allowed according to the Official Mexican Standard (NOM-031-SSA1-1993), which is equivalent to the WHO recommended Cd levels in organisms used for human consumption. PMID: 21748472 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Bulletin o... Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5037389 Wed, 06 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5037389 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5037393&cid=s_37644_55_f&fid=37644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21725625%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Waykar B, Shinde SM The metal concentration and body burden of three species of fresh water bivalves, Parreysia cylindrica, Parreysia corrugata and Corbicula striatella were estimated in laboratory experiment after exposure to chronic concentration of arsenic (0.1719 ppm), cadmium (0.23 ppm), copper (0.13 ppm), mercury (0.06 ppm), lead (2.4 ppm) and zinc (5.1 ppm) separately up to 30 days. Dry weight of each animal was used to calculate metal concentrations (μg/g) and the metal body burden (μg/individual). It was observed that zinc, lead and copper concentration and metal body burden was highest in the Corbicula striatella, mercury and arsenic was highest in Parreysia corrugata and cadmium was highest in Parreysia cylindrica. Therefore, Corbicula striatella is being p... Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5037393 Fri, 01 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5037393 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5037392&cid=s_37644_55_f&fid=37644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21725626%26dopt%3DAbstract This study explored the hypothesis that acculturation is a risk factor for childhood lead poisoning in the Detroit area of Michigan. Blood lead levels (BLLs) were determined in 429 Arab American and African American children, aged 6 months to 15 years, who were receiving well-child examination in three Women, Infant, and Children (WIC) clinics in the city. Mean BLL was 3.8 ± 2.3 μg/dL (range: 1-18 μg/dL) and 3.3% of the children tested had blood lead values above the 10 μg/dL level of concern. Neither the age of the dwelling units nor ethnicity of the child was significantly associated with the BLL. Multivariable analyses instead identified a number of acculturation-related factors that are associated with elevation in blood lead including paternal education, language spoken at ... Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5037392 Fri, 01 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5037392 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4993678&cid=s_37644_55_f&fid=37644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21720797%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Kumar MS, Rajeshwari K, Johnson S, Thajuddin N, Gunasekaran M Pb(2+) removal ability of the immobilized and free filaments of marine cyanobacteria Oscillatoria sp. NTMS01 and Phormidium sp. NTMS02 was studied using batch experiments. Biosorption of lead by immobilized filaments was studied as a function of pH (2, 4, 6, 8, 10), contact time (5-180 min) and initial lead concentration (1, 3, 5, 7 mg/L) and the removal efficiency of free filaments was studied by culturing in the marine medium with the initial concentration (1, 3, 5, 7 mg/L) at pH 7 and incubated for 10 days. The maximum percentage removal was observed at 25 min for immobilized Oscillatoria sp. NTMS01 and 30 min for immobilized Phormidium sp. NTMS02. At 4th and 6th day of incubation, 89% and 77% removal was o... Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4993678 Thu, 30 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4993678 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4993680&cid=s_37644_55_f&fid=37644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21713387%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Inoue Y, Hashizume N, Kikushima E, Otsuka M Carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) were exposed to nitrofen (NIP) by different routes (via water or food) to compare bioaccumulation parameters and tissue distribution. The bioconcentration factor of NIP was 5,100, and the lipid-corrected biomagnification factor was 0.137. Growth-corrected elimination half lives were 2.1-3.0 days via aqueous exposure and 2.7-2.9 days via dietary exposure. From either uptake route, the tissue distribution of NIP was highest in the head, followed by muscle, viscera, dermis, digestive tract and hepatopancreas, which was highly correlated with the tissue lipid content. We conclude that the uptake route has no influence on tissue distribution of NIP and that the accumulation potential in tissues depends on the l... Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4993680 Wed, 29 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4993680 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4993681&cid=s_37644_55_f&fid=37644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21713386%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Li Y, Li H, Wang X, Sun T During the process of domestic sewage treatment in the Subsurface Wastewater Infiltration System (SWIS), changes in the microbial populations (nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria) and enzyme activities (urease, nitrate reductase and nitrite reductase) involved in the nitrogen removal process were evaluated over a 2-year period. The results showed nitrifying bacteria number declined with depths increasing, while denitrifying bacteria increased, both of which increased nearer the inlet. The depth for nitrate reductase activity from high to low in sequence was 0.3, 0.5, 0.7, 0.9 and 1.1 m. For nitrite reductase, the sequence was 0.5, 0.3, 0.7, 0.9 and 1.1 m. Urease and nitrite reductase activities were in positive correlation with the total nitrogen r... Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4993681 Tue, 28 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4993681 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4993679&cid=s_37644_55_f&fid=37644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21713388%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Mohanraj R, Solaraj G, Dhanakumar S Airborne PM 2.5 and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) bound to it were determined from March 2009 to February 2010 at different locations in Tiruchirappalli City, Southern India using fine particulate sampler and high performance liquid chromatography. Average ∑9 PAHs concentrations at four sampling stations were 333.7, 202.6, 265.9, and 232.7 ng/m(3), respectively. Highest concentration of PAHs was observed during northeast monsoon season (301.5 ng/m(3)) and lowest in southwest monsoon (216 ng/m(3)). Low and medium molecular weight PAHs such as phenanthrene, anthracene, benzo(a)anthracene and chrysene were observed in all seasons. Principal compound analysis revealed gasoline and diesel vehicular emissions as major sources for PA... Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4993679 Tue, 28 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4993679 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4993683&cid=s_37644_55_f&fid=37644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21710163%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Li S, Zhu Y, Li X, Wang G, Ni L Study was carried out for the removal of hazardous organic compound from aqueous solution by using water/perfluorodecalin loaded ozone two-phase system. p-Chloronitrobenzene was used as hazardous organics to examine the efficiency of the two-phase ozonation system. Effects of initial pH in water, stirring speed, initial molar ratio of O(3)/p-chloronitrobenzene (M), and free radical scavenger on the removal rate of p-chloronitrobenzene were investigated respectively. It was revealed that ozone had low decomposed rate coefficient k = 0.0035 min(-1) and solubility of 61.94 mg/L at 25°C in perfluorocarbon. In contrast to pH 2.0, higher level of pH (8.0) in water increased the removal rate of p-chloronitrobenzene in water/perfluorocarbon two-pha... Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4993683 Mon, 27 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4993683 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4993682&cid=s_37644_55_f&fid=37644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21710164%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Lisker EB, Ensminger MP, Gill SL, Goh KS California's surface water monitoring results from 1991 through 2010 were analyzed to determine whether 12 organophosphorus insecticides and herbicides (i.e., azinphos methyl, bensulide, dimethoate, disulfoton, ethoprop, fenamiphos, methamidophos, methidathion, methyl parathion, naled, phorate, and phosmet) and their degradates have been detected above maximum concentration limits (MCLs) in Pacific salmonid habitats. Methidathion, methyl parathion, phorate, phosmet, and the oxygen analogue of naled (DDVP) detections exceeded MCLs. Methyl parathion detections may be accounted for by monthly use trends, while methidathion detections may be explained by yearly use trends. There were inadequate phorate, phosmet, or DDVP data to evaluate for... Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4993682 Mon, 27 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4993682 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4993684&cid=s_37644_55_f&fid=37644&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21706293%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Megharaj M, Venkateswarlu K, Naidu R Carbaryl application to soil collected from a rice fallow field was relatively less toxic to viable estimates of cyanobacteria and microalgae under nonflooded conditions than under flooded conditions. Application of 1-naphthol, the hydrolysis product of carbaryl, to soil under both the regimes increased the population of both cyanobacteria and microalgae. Soil application of carbaryl and 1-naphthol in combination, up to 1.0 kg ha(-1), was nontoxic to the viable population. The toxicity exerted by carbaryl and 1-naphthol towards growth, measured in terms of chlorophyll a, and nitrogenase activity was more pronounced in Anabaena spp. than in Nostoc spp. PMID: 21706293 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Bulletin of Environmenta... Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4993684 Sat, 25 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4993684