MedWorm.com provides a medical RSS filtering service. Over 6000 RSS medical sources are combined and output via different filters. This feed contains the latest items from the 'Cell Biochemistry and Function' source. Thu, 09 Feb 2012 13:38:31 +0100 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5673730&cid=s_33761_60_f&fid=33761&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcbf.2793 Triptolide is a diterpenoid triepoxide derived from the traditional Chinese medical herb Tripterygium wilfordii. In the present study, we demonstrated that this phytochemical attenuated colon cancer growth in vitro and in vivo. Using a proteomic approach, we found that 14‐3‐3 epsilon, a cell cycle‐ and apoptosis‐related protein, was altered in colon cancer cells treated with triptolide. In this regard, triptolide induced cleavage and perinuclear translocation of 14‐3‐3 epsilon. Taken together, our findings suggest that triptolide may merit investigation as a potential therapeutic agent for colon cancer, and its anticancer action may be associated with alteration of 14‐3‐3 epsilon. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. (Source: Cell Biochemistry and Function) Cell Biochemistry and Function journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5673730 Tue, 07 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5673730 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5673729&cid=s_33761_60_f&fid=33761&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcbf.2809 It is well established that the development of insulin resistance shows a temporal sequence in different organs and tissues. Moreover, considering that the main aspect of insulin resistance in liver is a process of glucose overproduction from gluconeogenesis, we investigated if this metabolic change also shows temporal sequence. For this purpose, a well‐established experimental model of insulin resistance induced by high‐fat diet (HFD) was used. The mice received HFD (HFD group) or standard diet (COG group) for 1, 7, 14 or 56 days. The HFD group showed increased (P < 0.05 versus COG) epididymal, retroperitoneal and inguinal fat weight from days 1 to 56. In agreement with these results, the HFD group also showed higher body weight (P < 0.05 versus COG) from days 7 to 56.... Cell Biochemistry and Function journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5673729 Tue, 07 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5673729 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5643639&cid=s_33761_60_f&fid=33761&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcbf.2799 The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of exercise in multiple organs of rats treated with doxorubicin. Male adult Wistar rats were distributed into the following groups: sedentary + NaCl; exercise + NaCl; sedentary + doxorubicin; and exercise + doxorubicin. Animals were sacrificed 2 days following injections. Central fragments from heart, liver, and kidney were collected and minced in 0.9% NaCl being cellular suspensions used for the single‐cell gel (comet) assay. The results showed that exercise was able to prevent genotoxicity induced by doxorubicin in heart cells. By contrast, exercise was not able to prevent genotoxicity induced by doxorubicin in liver cells. The same occurred to kidney cells, i.e. no statistically significant differences (p > 0.05) were found... Cell Biochemistry and Function journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5643639 Mon, 30 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5643639 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5635133&cid=s_33761_60_f&fid=33761&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcbf.2806 Organochalcogens are extensively produced and employed by industry and agriculture, and the risk of occupational and environmental toxicity to them has been poorly understood. Here, we investigated the acute effect of a new organochalcogen 3‐methyl‐1‐phenyl‐2‐(phenylseleno)oct‐2‐en‐1‐one on biochemical and hematological parameters in male Wistar rats. The animals were treated with a single intraperitoneal injection of the organochalcogen at doses of 125, 250 or 500 µg·kg–1. After 60 min, the animals were sacrificed by decapitation, and the trunk blood was collected for determination of glucose, triglycerides, cholesterol, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase, urea, creatinine, C‐reactive protein, red blood cells, hema... Cell Biochemistry and Function journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5635133 Fri, 27 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5635133 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5635134&cid=s_33761_60_f&fid=33761&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcbf.2798 (Source: Cell Biochemistry and Function) Cell Biochemistry and Function journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5635134 Tue, 24 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5635134 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5603636&cid=s_33761_60_f&fid=33761&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcbf.2804 P‐bodies (processing bodies) are observed in different organisms such as yeast, Caenorhabditis elegans and mammals. A typical eukaryotic cell contains several types of spatially formed granules, such as P‐bodies, stress granules and a variety of ribonucleoprotein bodies. These microdomains play important role in mRNA processing, including RNA interference, repression of translation and mRNA decay. The P‐bodies components as well as stress granules may play an important role in host defense against viral infection. The complete set of P‐bodies protein elements is still poor known. They contain conserved protein core limited to different organisms or to stress status of the cell. P‐bodies are related also to some neuronal mRNA granules as well as to maternal RNA granules or male ge... Cell Biochemistry and Function journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5603636 Tue, 17 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5603636 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5603635&cid=s_33761_60_f&fid=33761&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcbf.2803 In this study, to investigate the effects of IDO in carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)–induced hepatitis model, the levels of IDO enzymic activities in the mock group, the control group and the 1‐methyl‐ d‐tryptophan (1‐MT)–treated group were confirmed by determination of l‐kynurenine concentrations. Serum alanine aminotransferase levels in 1‐MT‐treated rats after CCl4 injection significantly increased compared with those in mock and control groups. In CCl4‐induced hepatitis models, tumour necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α) is critical in the development of liver injury. The mRNA expression and secretion levels of TNF‐α in the liver from 1‐MT‐treated rats were more enhanced compared with those in the mock and the control groups. Moreover, the levels of cytokine and chemoki... Cell Biochemistry and Function journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5603635 Tue, 17 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5603635 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5603634&cid=s_33761_60_f&fid=33761&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcbf.2801 In this study, we examined the temporal signalling actions of insulin and IGF‐1 on primary calvarial osteoblast growth and differentiation. First, we observed that the IGF‐1 receptor expression decreases whereas insulin receptor expression increases during osteoblast differentiation. Subsequently, we show that although both insulin and IGF‐1 promote osteoblast differentiation and mineralization in vitro, IGF‐1, but not insulin, can induce osteoblast proliferation. The IGF‐1‐induced osteoblast proliferation was mediated via both MAPK and Akt pathways because the IGF‐1‐mediated cell proliferation was blocked by U0126, an MEK/MAPK inhibitor, or LY294002, a PI3‐kinase inhibitor. Osteocalcin, an osteoblast‐specific protein whose expression corresponds with osteoblast differe... Cell Biochemistry and Function journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5603634 Tue, 17 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5603634 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5603637&cid=s_33761_60_f&fid=33761&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcbf.2802 This study was designed to investigate whether the short‐term extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy (ESWL) exposure to kidney produces an oxidative stress and a change in some trace element levels in liver and diaphragm muscles of rats. Twelve male Wistar albino rats were divided randomly into two groups, each consisting of six rats. The animals in the first group did not receive any treatment and served as control group. The right‐side kidneys of animals in group 2 were treated with two‐thousand 18 kV shock waves while anesthetized with 50 mg kg−1 ketamine. The localization of the right kidney was achieved after contrast medium injection through a tail vein under fluoroscopy control. The animals were killed 72 h after the ESWL treatment, and liver and diaphragm muscles were har... Cell Biochemistry and Function journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5603637 Mon, 16 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5603637 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5568456&cid=s_33761_60_f&fid=33761&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcbf.2794 Hemichannels, which are one half of the gap junction channels, have independent physiological roles. Although hemichannels consisting of connexins are more widely documented, hemichannels of pannexins, proteins homologous to invertebrate gap junction proteins also have been studied. There are at least 21 different connexin and three pannexin isotypes. This variety in isotypes results in tissue‐specific hemichannels, which have been implicated in varied events ranging from development, cell survival, to cell death. Hemichannel function varies with its spatio‐temporal opening, thus demanding a refined degree of regulation. This review discusses the activity of hemichannels and the molecules released in different physiological states and their impact on tissue functioning. Copyright © 20... Cell Biochemistry and Function journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5568456 Wed, 04 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5568456 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5673728&cid=s_33761_60_f&fid=33761&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcbf.2808 In conclusion, oxidative stress biomarkers and vascular risk factors could be important in the pathogenesis of DPN. The measurement of serum GGT and Hcy in addition to HbA1c and disease duration could facilitate the early detection of neuropathy in diabetic patients. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. (Source: Cell Biochemistry and Function) Cell Biochemistry and Function journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5673728 Sun, 01 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5673728 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5656164&cid=s_33761_60_f&fid=33761&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcbf.2810 The signal transducers and activators of transcription 3 (Stat3) has been detected in many types of cancer and plays an important role in tumour‐cell survival, proliferation, self‐renewal and invasion. To address the possibility that Stat3 may be involved in the metastasis and prognosis in lingual squamous cell carcinoma, we examined whether Stat3 expression associates with metastasis or survival rate in human clinical samples. We found that there was a significant correlation between Stat3 expression and lymph node metastasis (P = 0.009), stages (P = 0.029), recurrence (P = 0.0032) and death (P = 0.0356). The specific knockdown of Stat3 by RNA interference strongly inhibited the motile and invasion activity of tumour cells. Our results suggest that Stat3 is involved in... Cell Biochemistry and Function journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5656164 Sun, 01 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5656164 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5643638&cid=s_33761_60_f&fid=33761&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcbf.2796 Nitric oxide (NO) is an important vascular modulator in the development of pulmonary hypertension. NO exerts its regulatory effect mainly by activating soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) to synthesize cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP). Exposure to hypoxia causes pulmonary hypertension. But in lung disease, hypoxia is commonly accompanied by hypercapnia. The aim of this study was to examine the changes of sGC enzyme activity and cGMP content in lung tissue, as well as the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and sGC in rat pulmonary artery after exposure to hypoxia and hypercapnia, and assess the role of iNOS–sGC–cGMP signal pathway in the development of hypoxic and hypercapnic pulmonary hypertension. Male Sprague–Dawley rats were exposed to hypoxia and hypercapnia fo... Cell Biochemistry and Function journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5643638 Sun, 01 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5643638 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5635132&cid=s_33761_60_f&fid=33761&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcbf.2807 In conclusion, IEC‐6 crypt cells did not respond to PRL by increasing proliferation or differentiation into villous cells. The present results thus supported the previous hypothesis that PRL enhanced mineral absorption predominantly by increasing transporter expression and activity in the absorptive villous cells. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. (Source: Cell Biochemistry and Function) Cell Biochemistry and Function journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5635132 Sun, 01 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5635132 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5603633&cid=s_33761_60_f&fid=33761&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcbf.1839 JMJD3, a Jumonji C family histone demethylase, is induced by transcription factor, nuclear factor‐kappa B (NF‐κB), in response to various stimuli. JMJD3 is crucial for erasing histone‐3 lysine‐27 trimethylation (H3K27me3), a modification associated with transcriptional repression and is responsible for the activation of a diverse set of genes. Here, we identify the genes in human leukaemia monocyte (THP‐1) human monocytic cells that are significantly affected by the stable knockdown (kd) of JMJD3. Global gene expression levels were detected in stable JMJD3 knockdown THP‐1 cells and in tumor necrosis factor‐alpha (TNF‐α)‐stimulated JMJD3‐kd THP‐1 cells by using a 12‐plex NimbleGen human whole genome array. In addition, datasets were analysed by using Ingenuity Path... Cell Biochemistry and Function journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5603633 Sun, 01 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5603633 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5568460&cid=s_33761_60_f&fid=33761&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcbf.2783 No abstract is available for this article. (Source: Cell Biochemistry and Function) Cell Biochemistry and Function journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5568460 Sun, 01 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5568460 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5568455&cid=s_33761_60_f&fid=33761&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcbf.2797 This study aimed to investigate the effects of treatment with α‐Toc and the consumption of high‐fat diets on ectonucleotidase activities in synaptosomes of cerebral cortex, hippocampus and striatum of rats. Animals were divided into four different groups, which received standard diet (control), high‐fat saturated diet (HF), α‐Toc and high‐fat saturated diet plus α‐Toc (α‐Toc + HF). High‐fat saturated diet was administered ad libitum and α‐Toc by gavage using a dose of 50 mg·kg–1. After 3 months of treatment, animals were submitted to euthanasia, and cerebral cortex, hippocampus and striatum were collected for biochemical assays. Results showed that adenosine triphosphate (ATP), adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and adenosine monophosphate (AMP) hydrolysis in the... Cell Biochemistry and Function journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5568455 Sun, 01 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5568455 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5512023&cid=s_33761_60_f&fid=33761&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcbf.1843 In this study, the BeWo cells were treated with desferrioxamine and Holo‐transferrin human in different concentrations and harvested at 48 and 72 h. The mRNA expression of FPN1 and Heph was detected with quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction, and the protein expression was detected with western blots. The results showed an up‐regulated FPN1 expression with desferrioxamine treatment and down‐regulated expression with Holo‐transferrin human supplementation. However, the change of FPN1 expression at protein level was limited. Heph expression enhanced when cells were treated with desferrioxamine although the quantity of Heph expression was low. Heph expression showed no significant change with Holo‐transferrin human supplementation. It indicates that FPN1 may participa... Cell Biochemistry and Function journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5512023 Wed, 14 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5512023 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5500899&cid=s_33761_60_f&fid=33761&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcbf.1836 Alzheimer's disease (AD) is accompanied by oxidative stress in the brain. Because the brain tissue is rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids, it is prone to the free radical attack resulting in lipid peroxidation. Intermediates of lipid peroxidation may diffuse from the primary site, cross the blood–brain barrier and modify erythrocyte membranes in the bloodstream. We exposed isolated erythrocyte membranes from patients with AD and the control group to in vitro free radical damage and monitored the accumulation of the end products of lipid peroxidation, lipofuscin‐like pigments (LFPs), by fluorescence spectroscopy. LFPs were analyzed by means of tridimensional and synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy. The levels of LFP formed during in vitro peroxidation were significantly higher in eryt... Cell Biochemistry and Function journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5500899 Mon, 12 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5500899 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5542090&cid=s_33761_60_f&fid=33761&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcbf.2791 Based on the fact that vitamin A in clinical doses is a potent pro‐oxidant agent to the lungs, we investigated here the role of nitric oxide (NO•) in the disturbances affecting the lung redox environment in vitamin A‐treated rats (retinol palmitate, doses of 1000–9000 IU·kg–1·day–1) for 28 days. Lung mitochondrial function and redox parameters, such as lipid peroxidation, protein carbonylation and the level of 3‐nytrotyrosine, were quantified. We observed, for the first time, that vitamin A supplementation increases the levels of 3‐nytrotyrosine in rat lung mitochondria. To determine whether nitric oxide (NO •) or its derivatives such as peroxynitrite (ONOO‐) was involved in this damage, animals were co‐treated with the nitric oxide synthase inhibitor L‐NAME (... Cell Biochemistry and Function journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5542090 Thu, 01 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5542090 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5512022&cid=s_33761_60_f&fid=33761&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcbf.2792 Blood metabolic parameters of Walker‐256 tumour‐bearing rats, on days 5, 8, 11 and 14 after implantation of tumour, were compared with those of rats without tumour fed ad libitum (free‐fed control) or with reduced feeding (pair‐fed control), similar to the anorexic tumour‐bearing rats. Cachexia parameters and tumour mass also were investigated. In general, especially on day 14 after implantation of tumour, there was reduction of body mass, gastrocnemius muscle mass, food intake and glycemia and increase of blood triacylglycerol, free fatty acids, lactate and urea, compared with free‐fed controls rats. These changes did not occur in pair‐fed control, except a slight reduction of glycemia. Pair‐fed control showed no significant changes in blood cholesterol and glycerol in com... Cell Biochemistry and Function journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5512022 Thu, 01 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5512022 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5500898&cid=s_33761_60_f&fid=33761&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcbf.1842 Silibinin, an effective anti‐cancer and chemopreventive agent in various epithelial cancer models, has been reported to inhibit cancer cell growth through mitogenic signalling pathways including cervical cancer. However, the underlying mechanisms are still not well elucidated. Here, we assessed the effect of silibinin on human cervical carcinoma cell cycle modulation, apoptosis induction and associated molecular alterations by employing HeLa cell line. Silibinin treatment of HeLa cells resulted in a G2 arrest and induced a decrease in cyclin‐dependent kinases involved in both G1 and G2 progression. In addition, silibinin showed a dose‐dependent and a time‐dependent apoptotic death in HeLa cells in both the mitochondrial pathway and the death receptor‐mediated pathway, providing a... Cell Biochemistry and Function journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5500898 Thu, 01 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5500898 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5492354&cid=s_33761_60_f&fid=33761&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcbf.1840 Studies revealed that Nijmegen Breakage Syndrome protein 1 (NBS1) plays an important role in maintaining genome stability, but the underlying mechanism is controversial and elusive. Our results using clinical samples showed that NBS1 was involved in ataxia‐telangiectasia mutated (ATM)‐dependent pathway. NBS1 deficiency severely affected the phosphorylation of ATM as well as its downstream targets. BrdU proliferation assay revealed a delay of NBS cells in inhibiting DNA synthesis after Doxorubicin (Dox) treatment. In addition, under higher concentrations of Dox, NBS cells exhibited a much lower level of apoptosis compared to their normal counterparts, indicating a resistance to Dox treatment. Accelerated telomere shortening was also observed in NBS fibroblasts, consistent with an early ... Cell Biochemistry and Function journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5492354 Thu, 01 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5492354 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5482743&cid=s_33761_60_f&fid=33761&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcbf.1838 In this study, the activity of the antioxidant enzyme network was assessed spectrophotometrically in samples of dental pulp and dental papilla taken from third‐molar gem extracts. The production of nitric oxide by the conversion of l‐(2,3,4,5)‐[3H] arginine to l‐(3H) citrulline, the activity of haem oxygenase 1 (HO‐1) through bilirubin synthesis and the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), HO‐1 proteins and messenger RNA by Western blot and reverse‐transcribed polymerase chain reaction were also tested. The objective of this study was to evaluate the role of two proteins, iNOS and HO‐1, which are upregulated by a condition of oxidative stress present during dental tissue differentiation and development. This is fundamental for guaranteeing proper homeostasi... Cell Biochemistry and Function journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5482743 Thu, 01 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5482743 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5473411&cid=s_33761_60_f&fid=33761&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcbf.1841 No abstract is available for this article. (Source: Cell Biochemistry and Function) Cell Biochemistry and Function journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5473411 Thu, 01 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5473411 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5464882&cid=s_33761_60_f&fid=33761&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcbf.1837 In this study, total antioxidant status (TAS), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), superoxide dismutase, malondialdehyde and ascorbic acid were studied in patients operated because of small intestine, colorectal or pancreatic cancer and subsequently receiving TPN in comparison with patients receiving standard nutrition after the operation. TAS level and GPx activity were decreased in patients with small intestine cancer but did not differ in patients with colorectal and pancreatic cancer before and after surgery. In all patient groups receiving TPN, superoxide dismutase activity after the surgery was kept at the same level as before. On the fifth day after the surgery, malondialdehyde concentration in each group was restored to the value observed before surgery. On the fifth day of TPN treatment... Cell Biochemistry and Function journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5464882 Tue, 29 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5464882 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5453891&cid=s_33761_60_f&fid=33761&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcbf.1822 The objectives of this study were to examine whether the methanolic and aqueous extracts from the haulm and flower of Gentiana asclepiadea exhibited free radical scavenging and protective (antigenotoxic) effect against DNA oxidation induced by H2O2 in human lymphocytes and human embryonic kidney cells (HEK 293). All four extracts exhibited high scavenging effect on 1,1‐diphenyl‐2‐picrylhydrazyl radicals at concentrations 2.5 and 25 mg ml−1. The level of DNA damage was measured using the alkaline version of single‐cell gel electrophoresis (comet assay). Challenge with H2O2 shows that the pre‐treatment of the cells with non‐genotoxic doses of Gentiana extracts protected human DNA—either eliminated or significantly reduced H2O2 induced DNA damage. The genotoxic activity of H2O... Cell Biochemistry and Function journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5453891 Mon, 28 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5453891 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5427814&cid=s_33761_60_f&fid=33761&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcbf.1835 The aim of the present studies was to determine whether the mechanism of biological action of garlic‐derived sulfur compounds in human hepatoma (HepG2) cells can be dependent on the presence of labile sulfane sulfur in their molecules. We investigated the effect of allyl sulfides from garlic: monosulfide, disulfide and trisulfide on cell proliferation and viability, caspase 3 activity and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) production in HepG2 cells. In parallel, we also examined the influence of the previously mentioned compounds on the levels of thiols, glutathione, cysteine and cysteinyl‐glycine, and on the level of sulfane sulfur and the activity of its metabolic enzymes: rhodanese, 3‐mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase and cystathionase. Among the compounds under study, diallyl trisulfide (... Cell Biochemistry and Function journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5427814 Fri, 18 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5427814 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5427813&cid=s_33761_60_f&fid=33761&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcbf.1831 This study was conducted to investigate the role of PKG isoforms in the regulation of cell growth in human breast cancer cell lines MCF‐7 and MDA‐MB468. The expression levels of PKG isoforms were also examined using real‐time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. No differences in the gene expression of PKG isoforms were observed between MCF‐7 and MDA‐MB‐468 cells. To investigate the effects of PKG isoforms on the regulation of cell growth, the cGMP analogues 8‐APT‐cGMP (PKGIα activator), 8‐Br‐PET‐cGMP (PKGIβ activator) and 8‐pCPT‐cGMP (PKGII activator) were employed. Apoptosis was assessed with the Annexin‐V–propidium iodide (PI) staining, cell cycle analysis and caspase‐3/9 activity assay. Treatment of MCF‐7 and MDA‐MB‐468 cells with 8�... Cell Biochemistry and Function journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5427813 Fri, 18 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5427813 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5417133&cid=s_33761_60_f&fid=33761&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcbf.1832 Many small mammals survive the winter by hibernating, entering long periods of cold torpor that are interspersed with brief periods of arousal back to euthermia. This cycling is accompanied by wide changes in oxygen consumption, perfusion of tissues and ATP turnover, and the arousal period in particular is challenging because of oxidative stress associated with the huge increase in oxygen consumption needed to support thermogenesis by brown adipose tissue and skeletal muscle. Well‐developed antioxidant defences are needed. The present study analyses responses of the redox‐sensitive transcription factor, NF‐κB, in skeletal muscle over six points on the torpor–arousal cycle to gain insight into its regulation and role during hibernation. Immunoblotting was used to analyse NF‐κB p... Cell Biochemistry and Function journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5417133 Tue, 15 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5417133 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5417134&cid=s_33761_60_f&fid=33761&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcbf.1828 Myostation (MSTN), which is primarily expressed in muscle, plays an important role in myogenic and adipogenic cells. However, there is little information about whether MSTN displays different roles between adipose‐derived stem cells (ADSCs) and muscle satellite cells (MSCs). The two kinds of cells can both exist in the muscle and differentiate into adiposities. In this research, we isolated ADSCs and MSCs from porcine fat tissues and semitendinosus muscle, respectively, to investigate the effect of MSTN on the adipogenesis of those cells. ADSCs and MSCs were treated with recombinant human MSTN during the induction of adipogenesis or before the induction of differentiation. Then, we evaluated adipogenesis by Oil Red O staining and assessed the expression patterns of adipocyte‐specific f... Cell Biochemistry and Function journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5417134 Mon, 14 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5417134 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5374701&cid=s_33761_60_f&fid=33761&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcbf.1821 The purposes of the present study were to elucidate the influences of the deficiency of teeth on masticatory muscles, such as the masseter, temporalis and digastric muscles and compare the influence among masticatory muscles. We analysed the expressions of myosin heavy chain (MyHC) isoform messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein in these muscles in the microphthalmic (mi/mi) mouse, whose teeth cannot erupt because of a mutation in the mitf gene locus. The expression levels of MyHC mRNA and protein in the masseter, temporalis, digastric, tibialis anterior and gastrocnemius muscles of +/+ and mi/mi mice were analysed with real‐time polymerase chain reaction and sodium dodecyl sulfate‐polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, respectively. The mi/mi masseter muscle at 8 weeks of age expressed 4·1�... Cell Biochemistry and Function journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5374701 Thu, 27 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5374701 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5355025&cid=s_33761_60_f&fid=33761&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcbf.1824 In pancreatic islets, glucose metabolism is a key process for insulin secretion, and pregnancy requires an increase in insulin secretion to compensate for the typical insulin resistance at the end of this period. Because a low‐protein diet decreases insulin secretion, this type of diet could impair glucose homeostasis, leading to gestational diabetes. In pancreatic islets, we investigated GLUT2, glucokinase and hexokinase expression patterns as well as glucose uptake, utilization and oxidation rates. Adult control non‐pregnant (CNP) and control pregnant (CP) rats were fed a normal protein diet (17%), whereas low‐protein non‐pregnant (LPNP) and low‐protein pregnant (LPP) rats were fed a low‐protein diet (6%) from days 1 to 15 of pregnancy. The insulin secretion in 2.8 mmol l�... Cell Biochemistry and Function journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5355025 Thu, 27 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5355025 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5355028&cid=s_33761_60_f&fid=33761&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcbf.1820 Two different α‐glucosidase‐producing thermophilic E134 strains were isolated from a hot spring in Kozakli, Turkey. Based on the phenotypic, phylogenetic and chemotaxonomic evidence, the strain was proposed to be a species of G. toebii. Its thermostable exo‐α‐1,4‐glucosidases also were characterized and compared, which were purified from the intracellular and extracellular fractions with estimated molecular weights of 65 and 45 kDa. The intracellular and extracellular α‐glucosidases showed optimal activity at 65 °C, pH 7·0, and at 70 °C, pH 6·8, with 3·65 and 0·83 Km values for the pNPG substrate, respectively. Both enzymes remained active over temperature and pH ranges of 35–70 °C and 4·5–11·0. They retained 82 and 84% of their activities when incubat... Cell Biochemistry and Function journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5355028 Wed, 26 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5355028 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5355027&cid=s_33761_60_f&fid=33761&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcbf.1823 The genetic basis for the phenotypic switching of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) is unclear in atherosclerosis. Recent studies showed that the 21‐base pair deletion mutation (Δ21) in myocyte enhancer factor 2A (MEF2A) gene could be an inherited marker for coronary artery disease. MEF2A mutation may affect the phenotypic switching of VSMCs. Human aortic VSMCs were used. Four groups of VSMCs transfected with green fluorescent protein plasmid (control group), MEF2A wild‐type (WT) plasmid (WT group), MEF2A Δ21 plasmid (Δ21 group) or MEF2A siRNA (siRNA group) were studied. The proliferation of VSMCs was determined by methylthiazolyldiphenyl‐tetrazolium bromide, and the migration of VSMCs was measured by Millicell chamber. The protein expressions of MEF2A, smooth muscle α‐actin... Cell Biochemistry and Function journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5355027 Wed, 26 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5355027 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5355026&cid=s_33761_60_f&fid=33761&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcbf.1803 In conclusion, the identification of the LT and MLSS intensities was possible for both groups. These data suggest that the proposed protocols may be used in new research on the effects of different exercise intensities on some aspects of obesity. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. (Source: Cell Biochemistry and Function) Cell Biochemistry and Function journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5355026 Wed, 26 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5355026 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5355029&cid=s_33761_60_f&fid=33761&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcbf.1810 Propolis has been highlighted for its antioxidant, anti‐inflammatory and antiviral properties. The purpose of this study was to investigate if brown Brazilian hydroalcoholic propolis extract (HPE) protects against vaginal lesions caused by herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV‐2) in female BALB/c mice. The treatment was divided in 5 days of pre‐treatment with HPE [50 mg·kg–1, once a day, intragastric (i.g.)], HSV‐2 infection [10 µl of a solution 1 × 102 plaque‐forming unit (PFU·ml–1 HSV‐2), intravaginal inoculation at day 6] and post‐treatment with HPE (50 mg·kg–1) for 5 days more. At day 11, the animals were killed, and the in vivo analysis (score of lesions) and ex vivo analysis [haematological and histological evaluation; superoxide dismutase (SOD), cat... Cell Biochemistry and Function journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5355029 Mon, 24 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5355029 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5330195&cid=s_33761_60_f&fid=33761&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcbf.1806 ABSTRACTEchinocytosis of erythrocytes by glucose depletion is attributed to adenosine triphosphate depletion, but its process still remains unknown. A mechanism of control of the erythrocyte shape has been previously proposed in which the anion exchanger Band 3, linked to flexible membrane skeleton, has a pivotal role. Recruitments of its inward facing (Band 3i) and outward facing (Band 3o) conformations contract and relax the membrane skeleton, thus promoting echinocytosis and stomatocytosis, respectively. The Band 3o/Band 3i equilibrium ratio increases with the increase of the Donnan equilibrium ratio, and preferential inward and outward transport by Band 3 of substrates slowly transported are echinocytogenic and stomatocytogenic, respectively. The mechanism suggests the following proces... Cell Biochemistry and Function journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5330195 Wed, 19 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5330195 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5330196&cid=s_33761_60_f&fid=33761&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcbf.1813 Adenovirus‐mediated expression of hypoxia‐inducible factor 1α double mutant (pAd‐HIF‐1α‐Ala564‐Ala803) can be effectively transfected into bone marrow stem cells (MSCs) in the MSCs and cardiomyocytes co‐culture system at normoxia to regulate the expression of downstream target genes of hypoxia‐inducible factor 1α (HIF‐1α), which in turn can promote MSC differentiation into cardiomyocytes. Fibroblasts share common characteristics with MSCs such as the morphology, phenotype and differentiation potential. Therefore, we further studied whether the pAd‐HIF‐1α‐Ala564‐Ala803 also can convert neonatal rat cardiac fibroblasts (NCFs) into (cardio)myocyte phenotype via regulating the downstream target genes of HIF‐1α at normoxia. The immunostaining analysis showed th... Cell Biochemistry and Function journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5330196 Tue, 18 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5330196 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5321216&cid=s_33761_60_f&fid=33761&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcbf.1819 AbstractIn an attempt to investigate whether the genetic defect in the HEXA and HEXB genes (which causes the absence of the lysosomal β‐N‐acetyl‐hexosaminidase), are related to the wide inflammation in GM2 gangliosidoses (Tay‐Sachs and Sandhoff disease), we have chosen the dendritic cells (DCs) as a study model. Using the RNA interference approach, we generated an in vitro model of HEXs knock‐down immunogenic DCs (i‐DCs) from CD34+‐haemopoietic stem cells (CD34+‐HSCs), thus mimicking the Tay‐Sachs (HEXA−/−) and Sandhoff (HEXB−/−) cells.We showed that the absence of β‐N‐acetyl‐hexosaminidase activity does not alter the differentiation of i‐DCs from HSCs, but it is critical for the activation of CD4+T cells because knock‐down of HEXA or HEXB gene causes ... Cell Biochemistry and Function journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5321216 Thu, 13 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5321216 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5464881&cid=s_33761_60_f&fid=33761&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcbf.1826 The possibility of differentiating bone marrow‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) into tubular epithelial‐like cells is explored in vitro. Purified BMSCs from Sprague–Dawley rats were obtained by density gradient centrifugation. Third generation BMSCs were divided into six groups and were cultured under different conditions. The expression of alkaline phosphatase and cytokeratin (CK)‐18 protein was detected through staining and immunocytochemistry, respectively, and the expression of E‐cadherin proteins was recorded through immunofluorescence. Some cells in ischemia/reperfusion (I/R), all‐trans retinoic acid (ATRA), epidermal growth factor (EGF) and bone morphogenetic protein‐7 (BMP‐7) groups turned positive, whereas the positive cells in the combined group significantl... Cell Biochemistry and Function journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5464881 Sat, 01 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5464881 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5453890&cid=s_33761_60_f&fid=33761&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcbf.1834 During the life span, phenotypic and structural modifications on skeletal muscle contribute to a reduction on glucose uptake either in basal state or triggered by insulin, but the underlying mechanisms for this decline are not entirely identified. A reduction in the expression of skeletal muscle glucose transporters (GLUTs), glucose transporter type 1 (GLUT1) and glucose transporter type 4 (GLUT4), has been associated to such phenomena, but unlike the case of insulin, only few studies have addressed the effect of age on muscle‐contraction‐induced glucose uptake. The aim of the study was to investigate the influence of age on GLUT1 and GLUT4 expression in skeletal muscle and its relation to the glucose uptake induced by muscle contraction. For this purpose, soleus muscle from Wistar rat... Cell Biochemistry and Function journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5453890 Sat, 01 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5453890 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5447379&cid=s_33761_60_f&fid=33761&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcbf.1833 In conclusion, we observed protective role of vitamin E on LP levels in anterior region of patients with orthodontic tooth movement. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. (Source: Cell Biochemistry and Function) Cell Biochemistry and Function journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5447379 Sat, 01 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5447379 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5437059&cid=s_33761_60_f&fid=33761&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcbf.1827 Nephrotoxic serum nephritis (NSN) is a well‐established animal model of glomerulonephritis, a frequent clinical condition with a high mortality rate owing to the ineffectiveness of current therapies. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are adult stem cells with potential as novel therapies in regenerative medicine owing to the absence of allogenic rejection. Glial cell‐derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) acts as a morphogen in kidney development. The therapeutic effectiveness of bone marrow MSCs overexpressing GDNF (GDNF‐MSCs) was evaluated in an NSN rat model. An adenoviral vector was used to transduce MSCs with GDNF and a green fluorescent protein reporter gene. Then, GDNF‐MSCs were injected into NSN rats via the renal artery. The influence of GDNF on renal injury was assessed. The loca... Cell Biochemistry and Function journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5437059 Sat, 01 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5437059 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5427812&cid=s_33761_60_f&fid=33761&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcbf.1830 In this study, we determined the antitumour activities of 2‐ME on the well‐differentiated EC9706 esophageal carcinoma cells in vitro. 2‐ME had a strong antiproliferative effect on EC9706 cells and caused an increase in the population of apoptotic cells, detected by flow cytometry. A significant number of cells were blocked in the G2/M phase of the cell cycle. 2‐ME‐treated cells demonstrated an increase in cyclin B1 and c‐Myc protein levels, as well as an increase in the percentage of G2/M phase. Their up‐regulation may be involved in 2‐ME‐induced apoptosis and G2/M cell cycle arrest of the EC9706 cells, and it precedes the onset of apoptosis. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. (Source: Cell Biochemistry and Function) Cell Biochemistry and Function journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5427812 Sat, 01 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5427812 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5417132&cid=s_33761_60_f&fid=33761&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcbf.1829 Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is an endothelium‐specific mitogen and a promising inducer of angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis. The VEGF receptors on endothelial cell membrane include the tyrosine kinases VEGFR‐1 (Flt‐1), VEGFR‐2 (Flk‐1/KDR) and VEGFR‐3 (Flt‐4). KDR is a major mediator of mitogenic, angiogenic and permeability‐enhancing effects of VEGF. KDR is upregulated in response to hypoxia, a major inducer of VEGF gene transcription. A HEK293 cell line overexpressing KDR was established under cell hypoxic stress to explore the function of KDR. A hypoxia‐inducing agent, cobalt chloride (CoCl2) was applied to detect whether KDR was able to prevent against chemical hypoxic toxicity. The results indicate that KDR attenuated CoCl2‐induced cell injury in HEK2... Cell Biochemistry and Function journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5417132 Sat, 01 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5417132 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5374700&cid=s_33761_60_f&fid=33761&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcbf.1825 Organophosphorous pesticides, commonly used in agriculture for achieving better quality products, are toxic substances that have harmful effects on human health. Recent research on pesticides, especially pesticide mixtures, has shown that they are one of the key environmental health issues. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether dichlorvos, acephate, dimethoate and phorate, either used separately or in combination, can induce oxidative damage in rat livers. The levels of superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, catalase and lipid peroxidation products (malondialdehyde) were used as criteria. Low, middle and high doses of pesticides in drinking water were continuously administered orally to rats ad libitum for 24 weeks. Results show that the antioxidative defense mec... Cell Biochemistry and Function journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5374700 Sat, 01 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5374700 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5355024&cid=s_33761_60_f&fid=33761&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcbf.1814 We have shown that SU6656, a potent Src family kinase inhibitor, has the ability to induce multinucleation at a high frequency in diverse cells: rat skin fibroblasts, bone marrow adherent cells, 5F9A mesenchymal stem cell‐like clones, 2C5 tracheal epithelial cells and MDCK epithelial cells from dog kidney. To gain insight into the mechanism of multinucleation, we observed the process by time‐lapse and confocal microscopy. These multinuclei generally seem to exist independently in one cell without any connections with each other. By time‐lapse microscopy, multinucleated cells were found to be formed through the mechanism of plasmodium: karyokinesis without cytokinesis. The observation of EGFP‐actin transfected cells by time‐lapse confocal laser scanning microscopy suggested that p... Cell Biochemistry and Function journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5355024 Sat, 01 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5355024 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5343355&cid=s_33761_60_f&fid=33761&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcbf.1818 The transcription factors DP1 and DP2 have been implicated in crucial gene regulation as heterodimer partners of E2F; however, the functional differences between DP1 and DP2 remain poorly understood. To gain insight into DPs in human somatic cells, we first suppressed endogenous DP1 and DP2 using RNA interference and examined the effect of their loss on gene expression changes in HeLa cervical cancer cells. A DNA microarray and gene pathway analysis revealed that the suppression of well‐known E2F/DP‐regulated pathways, including the G1 to S phase transition of the cell cycle and DNA replication, was manifested in accordance with the acute loss of DP1 and DP2. On the other hand, the acute loss of DP1 and DP2 increased the p21Waf1/Cip1 mRNA level compared with the control RNA treatment. ... Cell Biochemistry and Function journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5343355 Sat, 01 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5343355 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5330194&cid=s_33761_60_f&fid=33761&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcbf.1807 This study may contribute to understanding the anti‐inflammatory effect of L‐carnitine. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. (Source: Cell Biochemistry and Function) Cell Biochemistry and Function journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5330194 Sat, 01 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5330194 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5321215&cid=s_33761_60_f&fid=33761&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcbf.1815 Na+/H+ exchanger 1 (NHE1), acting as an important regulator of intracellular pH (pHi) and extracellular pH (pHe), has been known to play a key role in the metastasis of many solid tumours. However, the exact mechanism underlying these processes, especially in cervical cancer, is still poorly understood. In the current study, we first showed that the inhibition of NHE1 activity by the specific inhibitor cariporide could suppress migration and invasion of HeLa cells in vitro. Moreover, cariporide also reversed the enhanced migration and invasion in HeLa cells by overexpressed membrane‐type 1 matrix metalloproteinase (MT1‐MMP). Subsequently, our results showed that NHE1 regulated the expression of MT1‐MMP at both messenger RNA and protein levels as well as its localization. Meanwhile, w... Cell Biochemistry and Function journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5321215 Sat, 01 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5321215 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5310461&cid=s_33761_60_f&fid=33761&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcbf.1817 The placenta is a glucocorticoid target organ, and glucocorticoids (GCs) are essential for the development and maturation of fetal organs. They are widely used for treatment of a variety of diseases during pregnancy. In various tissues, GCs have regulated by glucose transport systems; however, their effects on glucose transporters in the human placental endothelial cells (HPECs) are unknown.In the present study, HPECs were cultured 24 h in the presence or absence of 0·5, 5 and 50 µmol·l–1 of synthetic GC triamcinolone (TA). The glucose carrier proteins GLUT 1, GLUT 3 and GC receptor (GR) were detected in the HPECs.We showed increased expression of GLUT 1 and GLUT 3 proteins and messenger RNA (mRNA) levels (p < 0·05) after 24‐h cell culture in the presence of 0·5, 5 and ... Cell Biochemistry and Function journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5310461 Sat, 01 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5310461 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5292587&cid=s_33761_60_f&fid=33761&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcbf.1816 No abstract is available for this article. (Source: Cell Biochemistry and Function) Cell Biochemistry and Function journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5292587 Sat, 01 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5292587 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5292586&cid=s_33761_60_f&fid=33761&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcbf.1809 This study investigates the effect of aminoguanidine (AG), a selective inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) inhibitor, and pentoxifylline (PTX), a tumour necrosis factor–alpha (TNF‐α) inhibitor, on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐induced cardiac stress. Rats were divided into four groups: group I served as a control, group II (LPS) received a single intraperitoneal injection of LPS (10 mg·kg–1), group III (LPS+AG) and group IV (LPS+PTX) were injected with either AG (100 mg·kg–1) or PTX (150 mg·kg–1) intraperitoneally 10 days prior to LPS administration. Normalization of cardiac levels of nitrite/nitrate (NOX), malondialdehyde, glutathione, heme oxygenase‐1, glutathione peroxidase and Na+, K+‐ATPase activities was evident in the AG group. Both AG and PTX decreased the... Cell Biochemistry and Function journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5292586 Sat, 01 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5292586 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5268326&cid=s_33761_60_f&fid=33761&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcbf.1812 The pathogenesis of many diseases and different pathological conditions, including inflammation, is associated with excess production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The present study aimed to investigate the effects of the antidepressant desipramine (DES) on carrageenan (CG)‐induced inflammation, as well as on the endogenous levels of cell enzyme and non‐enzyme antioxidants in rat liver and spleen, 4 and 24 h after CG injection. The intra‐plantar CG injection into the right hind paw resulted in a time‐dependent increase in the paw volume; the maximum of CG‐induced edema peak was in 2–4 h. A single DES dose of 20 mg·kg–1, administered 30 min before CG, had no effect on paw edema, whereas the higher drug dose used (50 mg·kg–1) suppressed the edematous response ... Cell Biochemistry and Function journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5268326 Tue, 27 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5268326 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5268325&cid=s_33761_60_f&fid=33761&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcbf.1811 In this study, we investigate the effect of downregulation of HMGB1 on the biological behavior of gastric cancer cells. MGC‐803 gastric cancer cells were transduced with HMGB1‐specific RNAi lentiviral vectors. Real‐time polymerase chain reaction and Western blot analysis of HMGB1 mRNA and protein, respectively, validated the silencing effects. HMGB1‐specific silencing significantly decreased cell proliferation. The impact on proliferation was observed at the cell cycle level—the number of cells in the G0/G1 phase increased, whereas that in S and G2/M phases decreased. Cell cycle changes were accompanied by decreases in cyclin D1 expression. Furthermore, HMGB1 silencing sensitized cells to apoptosis that was induced by oxaliplatin and mediated by the caspase‐3 pathway. Finally, ... Cell Biochemistry and Function journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5268325 Tue, 27 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5268325 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5245981&cid=s_33761_60_f&fid=33761&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcbf.1804 With the evidence that curcumin may be a potent neuroprotective agent and that cigarette smoke is associated with a decline in the cognitive performance as our bases, we investigated the activities of Ecto‐Nucleoside Triphosphate Diphosphohydrolase (NTPDase), 5'‐nucleotidase and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in cerebral cortex synaptosomes from cigarette smoke‐exposed rats treated with curcumin (Cur). The experimental procedures entailed two sets of experiments. In the first set, the groups were vehicle, Cur 12·5, 25 and 50 mg·kg–1; those in the second set were vehicle, smoke, smoke and Cur 12·5, 25 and 50 mg·kg–1. Curcumin prevented the increased NTPDase, 5'‐nucleotidase and AChE activities caused by smoke exposure. We suggest that treatment with Cur was protective becau... Cell Biochemistry and Function journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5245981 Mon, 19 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5245981 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5190939&cid=s_33761_60_f&fid=33761&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcbf.1795 Exercise promotes transitory alterations in cytokine secretion, and these changes are affected by exercise duration and intensity. Considering that exercise responses also are affected by environmental factors, the goal of the present study was to investigate the effect of water temperature on the cytokine response to maximum swimming. Swiss mice performed a maximum progressive swimming exercise at 31 or 38 °C, and plasma cytokine levels were evaluated immediately or 1, 6 or 24 h after exercise. The cytokine profile after swimming at 31 °C was characterized by increased interleukin (IL)‐6 and monocyte chemotactic protein‐1 (MCP‐1) levels, which peaked 1 h after exercise, suggesting an adequate inflammatory milieu to induce muscle regeneration. Transitory reductions in IL‐... Cell Biochemistry and Function journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5190939 Wed, 31 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5190939 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5190938&cid=s_33761_60_f&fid=33761&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcbf.1800 In conclusion, curcumin increased G2/M phase arrest and induced apoptosis through ER stress and mitochondria‐dependent pathways in SCC‐4 cells. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. (Source: Cell Biochemistry and Function) Cell Biochemistry and Function journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5190938 Wed, 31 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5190938 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5190937&cid=s_33761_60_f&fid=33761&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcbf.1801 Epigenetic drugs are promising add‐ons to cancer treatment; still, adverse effects concerning tumour promotion have been reported occasionally. In this in vitro study, we investigated the effect of combination treatment of decitabine with anthracycline‐based chemotherapy [5‐fluorouracil plus epirubicine plus cyclophosphamide (FEC)] on viability and metastatic activity of breast cancer cell lines, MDA‐MB‐231 (estrogen receptor‐negative) and MCF‐7 (estrogen receptor‐positive). The effect of decitabine and its combined treatment with FEC on viability of both cancer cell lines was assessed using the 3‐(4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2,5‐diphenyltetrazoliumbromide and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) cell survival assays. DNA methylation specific real‐time polymerase chain ... Cell Biochemistry and Function journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5190937 Wed, 31 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5190937 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5155249&cid=s_33761_60_f&fid=33761&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcbf.1798 The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of curcumin (Cur) on the activity of ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase (CD39), 5'‐nucleotidase (CD73) and adenosine deaminase in platelets of cigarette smoke‐exposed rats. For that purpose, we subjected male Wistar rats to a treatment with Cur and cigarette smoke, once a day, 5 days each week, for 30 days. The rats were treated by gavage with Cur or corn oil and then exposed to cigarette smoke. The experimental procedures were divided into two sets of experiments. In the first, the animals were divided into four groups: vehicle (corn oil) or Cur 12·5, 25 or 50 mg·kg‐1. In the second, the animals were divided into five groups: vehicle (corn oil), smoke, or smoke and Cur 12·5, 25 or 50 mg·kg‐1. The re... Cell Biochemistry and Function journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5155249 Tue, 23 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5155249 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5155251&cid=s_33761_60_f&fid=33761&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcbf.1771 Incubation of rat lymphocytes with homocysteine (HC) or homocysteic acid (HCA) was found to increase the stationary levels of free radicals in lymphocytes, the effect of both ligands being mediated by ionotropic receptors activated by N‐methyl‐D‐aspactic acid (NMDA), the expression of which on rat lymphocyte membranes was earlier demonstrated. In agreement with these data, increase of free radicals in the lymphocyte cytoplasm is preceded by an increase in the intracellular calcium levels, activation of protein kinase C, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase and/or nitric oxide synthase. Both HC and HCA increase the production of IFN‐γ and TNF‐α by lymphocytes and antagonist of NMDA receptors; MK‐801 prevents this effect. The data presented show that rat lymphocy... Cell Biochemistry and Function journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5155251 Mon, 22 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5155251 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5155250&cid=s_33761_60_f&fid=33761&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcbf.1799 In conclusion, we have demonstrated that acheron may be an effective mediator of promoting endothelial proliferation, angiogenesis and wound healing probably by regulating VEGF together with Id1. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. (Source: Cell Biochemistry and Function) Cell Biochemistry and Function journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5155250 Mon, 22 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5155250 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5155252&cid=s_33761_60_f&fid=33761&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcbf.1791 In this study, using PC14/B cell line, we found that siRNA mediated depletion of S100B in PC14/B cells led to notable differences in cell proliferation, apoptosis, cell cycle progression, colony formation ability, cell migratory and invasive activity compared with the mock‐transfected cells. Therefore, our data suggest that S100B promotes the brain metastasis of lung adenocarcinoma by promoting cell proliferation, preventing apoptosis and increasing cell migration and invasion. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. (Source: Cell Biochemistry and Function) Cell Biochemistry and Function journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5155252 Sun, 21 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5155252 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5155254&cid=s_33761_60_f&fid=33761&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcbf.1794 Skeletal fibroblasts and myoblasts are among the cell types currently being considered in cell therapy for ischaemic heart disease. To investigate whether the expression of the tissue‐remodelling proteolytic enzymes matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and the cellular energy regulator AMP‐activated protein kinase (AMPK) is comparable between the two cell lines in response to epinephrine treatment, mouse skeletal fibroblasts (NOR‐10) and myoblasts (C2C12) were treated with or without a low (11 nmol·l‐1) or high (55 nmol·l‐1) dose of epinephrine for 2 or 6 h. Cellular MMP‐3 expression was increased by the high‐dose epinephrine at both treatment periods in both cell lines. Cellular MMP‐2 and MMP‐13 expressions were amplified by the 2‐ or 6‐h epinephrine incubation i... Cell Biochemistry and Function journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5155254 Thu, 18 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5155254 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5155253&cid=s_33761_60_f&fid=33761&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcbf.1790 Magnesium (Mg) deficiency induces the production of free radicals, increases cytosolic ionized calcium concentration, and modulates the function of skeletal muscle in rats. The present study examined the effects of Mg deficiency on the gene expression of molecules related to myogenesis in the gastrocnemius muscle as well as in C2C12 myogenic cells. Ingestion of an Mg‐deficient diet resulted in a lower weight of the gastrocnemius muscle and higher concentration of muscular TBARSs, an index of oxidative stress. Mg deficiency also enhanced the expression of Myod and myogenin. In vivo effects of Mg deficiency on myogenic gene expression were partially reproduced in in vitro C2C12 cells; expression of Myod was up‐regulated by a mixed culture of myoblasts and myotubes with Mg‐deficient med... Cell Biochemistry and Function journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5155253 Thu, 18 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5155253 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5137621&cid=s_33761_60_f&fid=33761&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcbf.1797 In this study we examined the expression of Crk and p130Cas in prostate cancer cell lines, and found that CrkI and p130Cas protein level was higher in highly invasive PC‐3M and PC‐3 cell lines than in moderately invasive DU‐145 cells. Upon shRNA mediated knockdown of CrkI and p130Cas in PC‐3M cells, cell migration and invasion were significantly inhibited as analyzed by wound healing assay and transwell invasion assay. Furthermore, co‐immunoprecipitation assay showed that p130Cas interacted with CrkI in PC‐3M cells and the stability of p130Cas and CrkI depended on each other. AckI interacted with both CrkI and p130Cas and the interaction of AckI with CrkI seemed to be independent of p130Cas. Taken together, our results demonstrate the high expression of CrkI and p130Cas in inva... Cell Biochemistry and Function journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5137621 Mon, 15 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5137621 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5124275&cid=s_33761_60_f&fid=33761&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcbf.1788 Polymorphisms of CYP450 metabolizer enzymes and transport proteins play crucial roles in the inter‐individual variability of drug efficiency. The aim of our study was to predict the frequency of functional variants of CYP2D6, CYP2C19 and ABCB1 genes in the Hungarian population. One hundred twelve unrelated healthy subjects donated DNA sample in the study. ABCB1 C3435T and G2677T/A single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were determined by LightCycler polymerase chain reaction. Because only limited amount of data is available on the rare allelic variants of CYP2D6 in the European populations, our study applied an expanded set of CYP2D6 and CYP2C19 alleles by using AmpliChip test. Our results show that the CYP2D6 phenotypes were 1.9% ultra‐rapid metabolizer, 6.5% intermediate metabolize... Cell Biochemistry and Function journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5124275 Mon, 08 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5124275 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5124274&cid=s_33761_60_f&fid=33761&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcbf.1792 The binding of Cbl‐interacting protein of 85 kDa (CIN85) to c‐Cbl is important to endocytosis and degradation of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). The proline–arginine motif PXXXPR in c‐Cbl and SH3 domains of CIN85 are essential to this interaction. Here, we demonstrated that SH3KBP1‐binding protein 1 (SHKBP1), which also contains two PXXXPR motifs, constitutively bound to SH3 domains of CIN85. Importantly, the binding of SHKBP1 prevented the interaction of CIN85 with c‐Cbl and inhibited the translocation of CIN85 to EGFR‐containing vesicles, thus reducing EGFR degradation and enhancing EGF‐induced serum response element transcription activity. Therefore, our results indicated that SHKBP1 could promote EGFR signaling pathway by interrupting c‐Cbl‐CIN85 complex ... Cell Biochemistry and Function journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5124274 Mon, 08 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5124274 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5268324&cid=s_33761_60_f&fid=33761&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcbf.1808 This study examined the contribution of proto‐oncogene c‐myb to inflammation in MCF‐7 breast cancer cells.An inflammatory response was elicited directly by the cells using an in vitro culture system whereby the cells were exposed to H2O2. Upon exposure to H2O2, the cells showed a local inflammatory response, as evidenced by matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and ICAM‐1 expression. Significant up‐regulation of the proto‐oncogene c‐myb also was observed under inflammatory conditions. c‐myb, overexpressed in the cells by transducing with Ad/c‐myb, showed an increase in MMPs and ICAM‐1 expression under H2O2 stimulation. Despite H2O2 stimulation, the c‐myb down‐regulated cells by c‐myb siRNA inhibit the expression of MMPs and ICAM‐1. Among the MAPKs, ERK1/2 and SAPK/JN... Cell Biochemistry and Function journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5268324 Mon, 01 Aug 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5268324 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5245980&cid=s_33761_60_f&fid=33761&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcbf.1805 In this study, to investigate the effects of 3,4‐DAA in allograft immunorejection model, liver orthotopic transplants were performed using inbred male Dark Agouti donors and Lewis rat recipients (allografts). The levels of indoleamine 2,3‐dioxygenases (IDO) enzymic activities in five groups, allografts (control), dimethyl sulphoxide‐treated group (vehicle control), 200 mg·kg–1·day–1 of 3,4‐DAA‐treated group and 200 mg·kg–1·day–1 of 3,4‐DAA + 5 mg·ml–1 of 1‐methyl‐D‐tryptophan (1‐MT)‐treated group were confirmed by determination of L‐kynurenine (L‐Kyn) concentrations. The serum alanine aminotransferase levels in 3,4‐DAA‐treated rats significantly decreased compared with those in mock and control group, whereas treatment of 1‐MT in all... Cell Biochemistry and Function journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5245980 Mon, 01 Aug 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5245980 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5233010&cid=s_33761_60_f&fid=33761&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcbf.1802 Pleiotrophin (PTN) is a secreted heparin‐binding cytokine that signals diverse functions, including lineage‐specific differentiation of glial progenitor cells, axonal outgrowth and angiogenesis. Neurotoxicity mediated by glutamate receptor is thought to play a role in various neurodegenerative disorders. In the present study, we examined the effect of PTN on the neuronal viability of hippocampal neurons in vitro by using the immunostaining of MAP2 and permeability of propidium iodide. PTN significantly prevented glutamate‐induced neurotoxicity when hippocampal neurons were treated with PTN after the glutamate stimulation. PTN significantly promoted glutamate‐induced neurotoxicity, when cells were incubated with PTN before and after the glutamate stimulation. Thus, the effect of PTN... Cell Biochemistry and Function journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5233010 Mon, 01 Aug 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5233010 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5190936&cid=s_33761_60_f&fid=33761&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcbf.1793 The effect of Monascus purpureus red mould rice (RMR) on modulation of lipid metabolism and oxidative stress was studied in hypercholesterolemic rats. Cholesterol feeding for 14 weeks caused a significant increase in the lipid peroxides and total thiols and antioxidant enzymes, viz. glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GRd), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) in serum and liver in comparison to the control group. However, supplementation of RMR to hypercholesterolemic rats at 8, 12 and 16% significantly increased the GRd, GPx, SOD and CAT activities in serum and liver tissues. Furthermore, RMR feeding significantly decreased total thiols and lipid peroxides and also increased other antioxidant molecules such as glutathione and ascorbic acid in high‐cholestero... Cell Biochemistry and Function journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5190936 Sun, 31 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5190936 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5155248&cid=s_33761_60_f&fid=33761&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcbf.1784 Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a disease that increases the pulmonary vascular resistance, causing hypertrophy and subsequent right heart failure. Oxidative stress is involved in the pathogenesis of PAH, and estrogen is considered an antioxidant. Thus, the aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that estrogen could attenuate PAH by modulating oxidative stress. Female Wistar rats were ovariectomized or suffered the surgery simulation (sham). After 7 days, subcutaneous pellets with 17β‐estradiol or sunflower oil were implanted. At this time, PAH was induced by means of a single dose of monocrotaline (MCT) (60 mg·kg‐1 i.p.). The experimental groups were as follows: (1) sham, (2) sham + MCT, (3) ovariectomy (O), (4) ovariectomy + MCT (OM), (5) ovariectomy +�... Cell Biochemistry and Function journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5155248 Sun, 31 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5155248 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5137620&cid=s_33761_60_f&fid=33761&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcbf.1796 This study was conducted to analyse the redox status and redox‐sensitive proteins that may contribute to a non‐genomic mechanism of cardiac hypertrophy induction by hyperthyroidism. Wistar rats, treated with L‐thyroxine (T4) during 2 weeks (12 mg·l‐1 in drinking water), presented cardiac hypertrophy (68% higher than control), without signals of liver or lung congestion. Myocardial reduction of the reduced glutathione: oxidized glutathione (GSSG) ratio (45%) (redox status) and elevation in hydrogen peroxide concentration (H2O2) (28%) were observed in hyperthyroid as compared with the control. No significant difference was found in thioredoxin (Trx), Trx reductase activity and Nrf2 (a transcriptional factor) protein expression between groups. Redox‐sensitive proteins, quantifi... Cell Biochemistry and Function journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5137620 Sun, 31 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5137620 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5124276&cid=s_33761_60_f&fid=33761&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcbf.1783 No abstract is available for this article. (Source: Cell Biochemistry and Function) Cell Biochemistry and Function journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5124276 Sun, 31 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5124276 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5124273&cid=s_33761_60_f&fid=33761&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcbf.1789 Consumption of energy‐dense/high‐fat diets is strongly and positively associated with overweight and obesity, which are associated with increase in the prevalence of certain chronic diseases. We evaluated the effect of hypercaloric/fat or normocaloric diets on some biochemical parameters in rats. Seventy‐two rats were divided into four groups that were fed for 16 weeks with diets: normocaloric [9.12% soy oil, normocaloric soy oil (NSO)], hypercaloric olive oil [43.8% olive oil, hypercaloric olive oil (HOO)], hypercaloric saturated fat [43.8% saturated fat, hypercaloric saturated fat (HSF)] and normocaloric saturated fat [43.8% saturated fat, normocaloric saturated fat (NSF)]. HSF rats consumed more calories daily than the others and gained more retroperitoneal fat, although HSF and... Cell Biochemistry and Function journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5124273 Sun, 31 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5124273 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5026671&cid=s_33761_60_f&fid=33761&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcbf.1785 The vascular endothelial dysfunction has been implicated in the pathogenesis of migraine. Oxidized low‐density lipoprotein (ox‐LDL) may impair endothelial function. Paraoxonase‐1 (PON‐1) prevents oxidative modification of LDL cholesterol (LDL‐C). So we investigated serum PON‐1 and arylesterase (ARE) activities, PON‐1 55 L/M and 192Q/R polymorphisms and the serum lipid profile in patients with migraine. Biochemical parameters and PON‐1 polymorphism analyses were assessed in 104 patients with migraine and 86 healthy subjects. Ox‐LDL was detected by ELISA, and polymorphisms were determined using PCR–restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. Patients with migraine had lower PON‐1 and ARE activities (p < 0·001, for both) and higher ox‐LDL and LDL‐C l... Cell Biochemistry and Function journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5026671 Wed, 13 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5026671 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5026670&cid=s_33761_60_f&fid=33761&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcbf.1773 Conclusion: GHRKO mice have increased renal protein levels of key regulators of mitochondriogenesis, and this may contribute to increased longevity of these knockouts. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. (Source: Cell Biochemistry and Function) Cell Biochemistry and Function journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5026670 Wed, 13 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5026670 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5026672&cid=s_33761_60_f&fid=33761&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcbf.1770 In conclusion, hypertrophic, pro‐survival or apoptotic stimuli operate through the same signalling pathways with different time course and amplitude of kinase activation. Thus, to determine the effect of different stimuli on cell fate, it is important to assess signalling pathways as a network and not as a single pathway. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. (Source: Cell Biochemistry and Function) Cell Biochemistry and Function journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5026672 Tue, 12 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5026672 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5017559&cid=s_33761_60_f&fid=33761&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcbf.1780 In this study, we examined the effects of IFN‐γ on BAFF‐R expression in cultured human multiple myeloma cells (KM3) both at the transcriptional and posttranscriptional levels. Incubation of KM3 cells with IFN‐γ elevated the expression of BAFF‐R mRNA and protein levels. IFN‐γ elicited marked enhancement of the human BAFF‐R promoter activity and nuclear factor kappa B (NF‐κB) DNA binding activity. NF‐κB dependent on the human BAFF‐R gene might be regulated via a transcriptional event through one putative NF‐κB site on the BAFF‐R gene promoter. These results provide a molecular mechanism for the increase in expression of the BAFF‐R gene that is induced by proinflammatory cytokines in responsive cells. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. (Source: Cell Bi... Cell Biochemistry and Function journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5017559 Sun, 10 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5017559 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5006133&cid=s_33761_60_f&fid=33761&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcbf.1779 We examined the relationships of glucose and HbA1c levels with the routinely screened serum enzyme activities in type 2 diabetes mellitus, and we designed an in vitro study to evaluate the direct effect of glucose levels on enzyme activities. The study was performed on a consecutive series of outpatients with type 2 diabetes who were followed up at Dicle University Medical Faculty Hospital from May 2009 to May 2010 for the first time. Effects of aspartate transaminase, aminotransferase, gamma‐glutamyl transferase (GGT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activities, glucose and HbA1c levels and in vitro glucose (492, 287, 184, 131, 82 mg dl−1, respectively) on enzymes were determined. The patients were categorized on the basis of glucose and HbA1c levels and gr... Cell Biochemistry and Function journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5006133 Wed, 06 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5006133 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5006132&cid=s_33761_60_f&fid=33761&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcbf.1786 The aim of our study was to assess the effect of phototherapy (PT) on ischaemia‐modified albumin (IMA) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in hyperbilirubinemic full‐term newborns. The study was performed on 36 full‐term infants exposed to PT. The babies were aged 3 to 13 days. IMA and MDA levels of the babies were determined before and after PT, by a colorimetric assay. IMA levels before and after PT were found as 0.424 ± 0.290 and 0.531 ± 0.262 absorbance units, respectively. Although IMA levels after PT were slightly higher, the difference was not statistically significant (p > 0.131). MDA levels before and after PT were found as 8.4 ± 1.8 µmol/l and 9.4 ± 1.5 µmol/l, respectively. Serum MDA concentrations were significantly higher after PT than befor... Cell Biochemistry and Function journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5006132 Wed, 06 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5006132 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5057172&cid=s_33761_60_f&fid=33761&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcbf.1781 The vascular endothelium plays a key role in arterial wall homeostasis by preventing atherosclerotic plaque formation. A primary causal factor of endothelial dysfunction is the reactive oxygen species. Aerobic exercise is ascribed as an important adjuvant therapy in endothelium‐dependent cardiovascular disease. However, little is known about the effects of concurrent (aerobic + strength) training on that. For a comparison of the effects of aerobic and concurrent physical training on endothelial function, oxidative stress parameters and the immunoinflammatory activity of monocytes/macrophages, 20 adult male volunteers of middle age were divided into a concurrent training (CT) programme group and an aerobic training group. The glutathione disulphide to glutathione ratio (GSSG/GSH) and ... Cell Biochemistry and Function journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5057172 Thu, 30 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5057172 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5047996&cid=s_33761_60_f&fid=33761&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcbf.1774 The literature on apoptosis has grown tremendously in recent years, and the mechanisms that are involved in this programmed cell death pathway have been enlightened. It is now known that apoptosis takes place starting from early development to adult stage for the homeostasis of multicellular organisms, during disease development and in response to different stimuli in many different systems. In this review, we attempted to summarize the current knowledge on the circumstances and the mechanisms that lead to induction of apoptosis, while going over the molecular details of the modulator and mediators of apoptosis as well as drawing the lines between programmed and non‐programmed cell death pathways. The review will particularly focus on Bcl‐2 family proteins, the role of different caspas... Cell Biochemistry and Function journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5047996 Thu, 30 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5047996 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5026669&cid=s_33761_60_f&fid=33761&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcbf.1787 Dendritic cells (DCs) play an important role in initiating antitumour immune response. Tumour progression usually induces defects in DC maturation and thus tumour‐bearing hosts exhibit immunosuppression and tumour escape. The previous studies showed that an exopolysaccharide (EPS) from a fungus, one anamorph of Cordyceps sinensis, inhibited tumour growth via activating immune response in the hosts. In view of the crucial actions of DCs in antitumour immunity, the present study aims to explore the effects of EPS on murine DCs. Murine DCs were derived from the bone marrow of C57BL/6 mice, and the effects of EPS on phenotype molecules and ingestion function of DCs were assayed using flow cytometry. Cytokine expressions of DCs were assayed by reverse transcriptase–PCR. Additionally, the le... Cell Biochemistry and Function journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5026669 Thu, 30 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5026669 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5017558&cid=s_33761_60_f&fid=33761&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcbf.1775 The aim of the present work was to investigate the mechanisms of oxidative damage of the liver mitochondria under diabetes and intoxication in rats as well as to evaluate the possibility of corrections of mitochondrial disorders by pharmacological doses of melatonin. The experimental (30 days) streptozotocin‐induced diabetes mellitus caused a significant damage of the respiratory activity in rat liver mitochondria. In the case of succinate as a respiratory substrate, the ADP‐stimulated respiration rate V3 considerably decreased (by 25%, p < 0·05) as well as the acceptor control ratio (ACR) V3/V2 markedly diminished (by 25%, p < 0·01). We observed a decrease of the ADP‐stimulated respiration rate V3 by 35% (p < 0·05), with glutamate as substrate. In this case, ... Cell Biochemistry and Function journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5017558 Thu, 30 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5017558 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5006134&cid=s_33761_60_f&fid=33761&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcbf.1782 No abstract is available for this article. (Source: Cell Biochemistry and Function) Cell Biochemistry and Function journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5006134 Thu, 30 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5006134 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5006131&cid=s_33761_60_f&fid=33761&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcbf.1772 Simvastatin is a competitive inhibitor of 3‐hydroxymethylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase activity, whereas geraniol is a monoterpene with multiple pharmacologic effects on mevalonate metabolism. Both of them inhibit growth and proliferation of many cell lines. The present study was designed to determine the action of geraniol, in combination with simvastatin, by assessing their effects in vitro on human hepatocarcinoma cell line (Hep G2). The treatment of Hep G2 cells with concentrations of simvastatin or geraniol that did not inhibit cell proliferation (5 µmol·l‐1 of simvastatin and 50 µmol·l‐1 of geraniol) resulted in a significant inhibition of cell proliferation. We also examined the effect of simvastatin, geraniol and the combination of both on the biosynthesis of lipids f... Cell Biochemistry and Function journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5006131 Thu, 30 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5006131 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4891371&cid=s_33761_60_f&fid=33761&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcbf.1766 The aim of the present study is to investigate the potential role of L‐arginine or L‐citrulline in rats fed high‐fat and high‐cholesterol (HFC) diet. HFC feeding increased significantly serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activities, urea and all lipid profiles and decreased significantly serum high‐density lipoprotein‐cholesterol (HDL‐c) and non significantly serum nitric oxide levels. L‐arginine or L‐citrulline administration reversed the increase in serum AST and ALT activities, urea and all lipid profiles. These effects were associated with a concomitant increase in HDL‐c and nitric oxide levels. In general, rats fed HFC diet and orally treated with L‐arginine or L‐citrulline had higher relative percentage of 18 : 0, 20�... Cell Biochemistry and Function journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4891371 Thu, 02 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4891371 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4997059&cid=s_33761_60_f&fid=33761&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcbf.1776 In this study, we sought to search for a specific stem cell marker that would be phenotypically helpful, characteristically specific, economically affordable and easy to use. Because organelles are one of the major characteristics of eukaryotic cells, we asked the question of whether organelle characteristics might be a useful tool for stem cell characterization. We studied distribution and characteristics of the endoplasmic reticulum, the mitochondria and the Golgi apparatus in human dental‐pulp‐derived mesenchymal stem cells before and during osteogenic differentiation. Although it was not possible to find a useful macromolecular marker for stem cell characterization, we found that during osteogenic differentiation, the stem cells changed their Golgi characteristics and displayed a u... Cell Biochemistry and Function journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4997059 Tue, 31 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4997059 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4991376&cid=s_33761_60_f&fid=33761&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcbf.1777 Di(2‐ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP) is one of the many environmental chemicals that are widely used in polyvinyl chloride products, vinyl flooring, food packaging and infant toys. They cause cell proliferation or dysfunction of human liver. The purpose of this study is to investigate the inhibitory effect of a glycoprotein (24 kDa) isolated from Zanthoxylum piperitum DC (ZPDC) on proliferation of liver cell in the DEHP‐induced BNL CL. 2 cells. [3H]‐thymidine incorporation, intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), intracellular Ca2+ mobilization and activity of protein kinase C (PKC) were measured using radioactivity and fluorescence method respectively. The expression of mitogen‐activated protein kinases [extracellular signal‐regulated kinase (ERK) and c‐Jun N‐terminal kin... Cell Biochemistry and Function journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4991376 Tue, 31 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4991376 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4931859&cid=s_33761_60_f&fid=33761&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcbf.1769 No abstract is available for this article. (Source: Cell Biochemistry and Function) Cell Biochemistry and Function journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4931859 Tue, 31 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4931859 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4839405&cid=s_33761_60_f&fid=33761&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcbf.1765 This study evaluated the antioxidant response to ROS in erythrocytes in hypothyroid and hyperthyroid rats. Wistar rats were divided into four groups: control; hyperthyroid (T4‐12 mg l−1 in drinking water); sham operated (simulation of thyroidectomy); and hypothyroid (thyroidectomized). Four weeks after, blood was collected and haemoglobin and T4 levels, lipid peroxidation (LPO), protein oxidation, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) , glutathione S‐transferase (GST) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities, and total radical antioxidant potential (TRAP) were measured. SOD, CAT and GST immunocontent was evaluated. Haemoglobin levels were increased in hyperthyroid erythrocytes. LPO and carbonyls were augmented (65% and 55%, respectively) in hyperthyroid and reduced (31% a... Cell Biochemistry and Function journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4839405 Sun, 15 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4839405 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4839404&cid=s_33761_60_f&fid=33761&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcbf.1767 In conclusion, this study results indicated that the novel peptide c‐Lys has the ability to inhibit diverse cell behaviours of HUVECs, and the effects may be mediated at different levels of the tumour growth. Therefore, c‐Lys is perhaps proposed to be a potent anti‐angiogenic drug candidate. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. (Source: Cell Biochemistry and Function) Cell Biochemistry and Function journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4839404 Sun, 15 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4839404 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4839403&cid=s_33761_60_f&fid=33761&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcbf.1756 Strong anti‐neoplastic anthracyclines like daunorubicin (DNR) and doxorubicin (DOX) have high efficacy against systemic neoplasm and solid tumours. However, clinically, they cause chronic cardiomyopathy and congestive heart failure. Red palm oil (RPO) supplementation can protect the heart against ischemic injury. We therefore hypothesize that supplementation with RPO during chemotherapy may protect the heart.Control rats received a standard diet, and the experimental group received RPO in addition for 4 weeks. Each group was subsequently injected with either saline or DNR over a 12‐day period towards the end of 4 weeks. Hearts were excised and perfused on a working heart system. Functional parameters were measured. Tissue samples were collected for analysis of mRNA and protein leve... Cell Biochemistry and Function journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4839403 Sun, 15 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4839403 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4747106&cid=s_33761_60_f&fid=33761&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcbf.1752 AbstractDendritic cells (DCs) are professional antigen‐presenting cells that play an important role in anti‐tumour immunity. Endothelial‐like differentiation of DCs is an interesting phenomenon. The specific role of vascular endothelial growth factor‐A (VEGF‐A) on the differentiation of immature DCs (iDCs) and mature DCs (mDCs) is worth further research. Here, we show that VEGF‐A can induce iDCs to differentiate into endothelial‐like cells (ELCs). But it has no obvious influence on mDCs. In the process of endothelial‐like differentiation of iDCs, a sustained activation of extracellular signal‐regulated kinase (ERK1/2) and cAMP response element binding protein (CREB) was detected. VEGF‐A induced the activation of ERK1/2, and led to the nuclear translocation of phosphoryl... Cell Biochemistry and Function journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4747106 Sun, 24 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4747106 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4731831&cid=s_33761_60_f&fid=33761&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcbf.1755 During vascular development, endothelial cells are exposed to a variety of rapidly changing factors, including fluctuating oxygen levels. We have previously shown that ankyrin repeat and suppressor of cytokine signalling box protein 4 (ASB4) is the most highly differentially expressed gene in the vascular lineage during early differentiation and is expressed in the embryonic vasculature at a time when oxygen tension is rising because of the onset of placental blood flow. To further our understanding of the regulation of ASB4 expression in endothelial cells, we tested the effect of various stressors for their ability to alter ASB4 expression in the immortalized murine endothelial cell lines MS1 and SVR. ASB4 expression is decreased during hypoxic insult and shear stress, whereas it is incre... Cell Biochemistry and Function journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4731831 Mon, 18 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4731831 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4731830&cid=s_33761_60_f&fid=33761&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcbf.1763 This study suggests that MVECs play potential immunoregulatory roles in the immune response to FMD vaccines, one of which is influencing the TEM of immune cells. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. (Source: Cell Biochemistry and Function) Cell Biochemistry and Function journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4731830 Mon, 18 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4731830 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4708560&cid=s_33761_60_f&fid=33761&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcbf.1759 It is recognized that Wnt3a affects bone metabolism via the canonical Wnt/β‐catenin signalling pathway. We have previously shown that transforming growth factor‐β (TGF‐β) stimulates the synthesis of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) via p44/p42 mitogen‐activated protein (MAP) kinase, stress‐activated protein kinase (SAPK)/c‐Jun N‐terminal kinase (JNK) and p38 MAP kinase in osteoblast‐like MC3T3‐E1 cells. In the present study, we investigated the effect of Wnt3a on TGF‐β‐stimulated VEGF synthesis in these cells. Wnt3a, which alone had little effect on the VEGF levels, significantly enhanced the TGF‐β‐stimulated VEGF release. Lithium chloride and SB216763, inhibitors of glycogen synthase kinase 3β, markedly amplified the TGF‐β‐stimulated VEGF rele... Cell Biochemistry and Function journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4708560 Tue, 12 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4708560 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4708559&cid=s_33761_60_f&fid=33761&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcbf.1754 This study investigated whether the oxaliplatin‐resistant cells display different behaviour to this drug versus the sensitive cells and if this difference may be further exploited into the clinical treatments improvement. In order to establish a stable cell line resistant to oxaliplatin, a human colorectal cancer cell line (Colo320) was exposed to increasing doses of the drug up to the clinically relevant plasma concentration. Four cell groups with different levels of chemoresistance were subjected to additional doses of oxaliplatin, and their cytotoxicity, apoptosis and DNA damage production were assessed. Cells selected for resistance to oxaliplatin reacted differently to the application of additional doses of the drug, displaying lower toxicity and cellular death and fewer DNA cross�... Cell Biochemistry and Function journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4708559 Tue, 12 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4708559 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4708558&cid=s_33761_60_f&fid=33761&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcbf.1757 The effects of Alpinia protocatechuic acid (PCA) on spleen and liver antioxidant system in aged rats have been studied. Alpinia PCA, a phenolic compound, was first isolated from the dried fruits of Alpinia Oxyphylla Miq. in our laboratory. Young and aged rats were injected intraperitoneally with Alpinia PCA at single doses of 5 mg kg−1 (low dose) or 10 mg kg−1 (high dose) per day for 7 days. The activities of endogenous antioxidants and the content of lipid peroxide in spleen and liver were assayed. Compared with young group, aged rats had significantly lower splenic weights, lower activities of glutathione peroxidase (GSH‐PX) and catalase (CAT), higher level of malondialdehyde (MDA) in spleen and liver. The results proved that Alpinia PCA significantly elevated the splenic... Cell Biochemistry and Function journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4708558 Tue, 12 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4708558 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4891370&cid=s_33761_60_f&fid=33761&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcbf.1768 The protective effect of erythropoietin (Epo) is based on its ability to reduce oxidation and to stabilize the cells. The aim of the study was to evaluate the influence of Epo on malonyl dialdehyde (MDA), intercellular adhesion molecule‐1 (ICAM‐1) (CD54) and platelet–endothelial cell adhesion molecule‐1 (PECAM‐1) (CD31) levels on human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) stimulated by tumour necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α). HUVECs were incubated with Epo (10–40 IU ml−1) or TNF‐α (10–40 ng ml−1) alone or preincubated with Epo (20 IU ml−1) and subsequently stimulated with TNF‐α (10–40 ng ml−1). MDA concentrations were measured using the high‐performance liquid chromatography, whereas ICAM‐1 and PECAM‐1 expressions were evaluated by fl... Cell Biochemistry and Function journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4891370 Thu, 31 Mar 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4891370 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4839402&cid=s_33761_60_f&fid=33761&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcbf.1764 In this study, we reported the application of two fluorescent probes, 2‐chloro‐1,3‐dibenzothiazolinecyclohexene and naphthofluorescein disulfonate, which showed high selectivity for superoxide (O2•−) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). They were capable of detecting and visualizing O2•− and H2O2 overproduction caused by a mutation in the gene encoding nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide dehydrogenase subunit 6 (ND6) in HepG2 cells. The levels of O2•− and H2O2 in mitochondria isolated from HepG2 cells were found to be 0·63 ± 0·07  and 1·13 ± 0·05 μM, respectively. Using assays of tumorigenesis in mouse models, we found that treatment of the mice with different ROS scavengers suppressed tumour growth. These findings suggested that ROS generated by ND6 gene mutati... Cell Biochemistry and Function journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4839402 Thu, 31 Mar 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4839402 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4767417&cid=s_33761_60_f&fid=33761&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcbf.1761 The specific activities of zinc/copper (Zn/Cu)‐superoxide dismutase (SOD‐1) and manganese (Mn)‐superoxide dismutase (SOD‐2) were assayed in young passage 5 fibroblasts and in serially subcultured cells that were characterized as senescent at passages 15–35. SOD‐1 and SOD‐2 activities did not significantly change in senescent and young cells cultured in either routine medium [minimum essential medium 1 (MEM1)], or in Zn, Cu and Mn supplemented medium (MEM2) containing normal human plasma levels of the cations. SOD‐1 and SOD‐2 activities, however, underwent parallel progressive significant activity increases in senescent passage 20 and 25 cells, which peaked in value in passage 30 and 35 cells subcultured in supplemented medium (MEM3) containing triple human plasma levels o... Cell Biochemistry and Function journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4767417 Thu, 31 Mar 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4767417 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4747105&cid=s_33761_60_f&fid=33761&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcbf.1760 In this study, the myoblast cell line C2C12 was used for functional analysis of miR‐214 in vitro. The results showed that miR‐214 was expressed both in myoblasts and in myotubes and was upregulated during differentiation. After treatment with an miR‐214 inhibitor and culturing in differentiation medium, myoblast differentiation was repressed, as indicated by the significant downregulation of expression of the myogenic markers myogenin and myosin heavy chain (MyHC). Interestingly, myoblast proliferation was also repressed when cells were transfected with an miR‐214 inhibitor and cultured in growth medium by real‐time proliferation assay and cell cycle analysis. Our results showed that miR‐214 regulates both proliferation and differentiation of myoblasts depending on the conditio... Cell Biochemistry and Function journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4747105 Thu, 31 Mar 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4747105 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4731829&cid=s_33761_60_f&fid=33761&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcbf.1758 In conclusion, physicochemical properties that depend on membrane cholesterol content significantly influence the cytolytic mechanism of myotoxin II, reinforcing the concept that the primary site of action of Lys49 PLA2 myotoxins is the plasma membrane. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. (Source: Cell Biochemistry and Function) Cell Biochemistry and Function journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4731829 Thu, 31 Mar 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4731829 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4713791&cid=s_33761_60_f&fid=33761&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcbf.1750 In conclusion, our data highlight an important role for fascin in breast cancer progression in vitro through orchestrating a variety of cellular events associated with metastasis, and thus, targeting this gene might have therapeutic implications. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. (Source: Cell Biochemistry and Function) Cell Biochemistry and Function journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4713791 Thu, 31 Mar 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4713791 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4708557&cid=s_33761_60_f&fid=33761&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcbf.1751 The particular combination of polydeoxyribonucleotides, l‐carnitine, calcium ions, proteolytic enzyme and other ingredients acts in a synergetic way in the regeneration of skin and connective tissues. This new formulation of active principles was tested in vitro as a cell and tissue culture medium and in vivo for various preparations in support of tissue regeneration. In vitro, the new blend allowed the maintenance of skin biopsies for more than 1 year in eutrophic conditions. Immunocytochemical analyses of fibroblasts isolated from these biopsies confirmed a significant increase of the epidermal and connective wound‐healing markers such as collagen type I, collagen type IV, cytokeratin 1 (CK1), CK5, CK10 and CK14 versus controls. To examine the effects of the new compound in vivo, w... Cell Biochemistry and Function journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4708557 Thu, 31 Mar 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4708557 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4675790&cid=s_33761_60_f&fid=33761&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcbf.1762 (Source: Cell Biochemistry and Function) Cell Biochemistry and Function journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4675790 Thu, 31 Mar 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4675790 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4663079&cid=s_33761_60_f&fid=33761&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcbf.1747 This report demonstrated that a putative and chemically synthesized miRNA rno‐mir‐541 played an important role in the neuron development. Differentiation of PC12 cells with nerve growth factor (NGF) is associated with neurite outgrowth, a process that involves upregulation of Synapsin I. We predicted, detected and assessed the expression levels of a number of possible miRNAs for synapsin I in rats and our outcomes showed that rno‐mir‐541 was associated with rat synapsin I expression. miR‐541, a brain specific miRNA, plays an important role in repressing neurite extension in cultured PC12 neurons. The neurites of PC12 cells was shortened drasticly as a result of the overexpression of rno‐mir‐541. In contrast, the neurites of PC12 cell developed well after the knockdown of rno�... Cell Biochemistry and Function journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4663079 Tue, 29 Mar 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4663079 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4651840&cid=s_33761_60_f&fid=33761&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcbf.1743 AbstractProtein kinase B (PKB, also called Akt) is known as a serine/threonine protein kinase. Some studies indicate that the Akt signalling pathway strongly promotes G2/M transition in mammalian cell cycle progression, but the mechanism remains to be clarified, especially in the fertilized mouse egg. Here, we report that the expression of Akt at both the protein and mRNA level was highest in G2 phase, accompanied by a peak of Akt activity. In addition, the subcellular localization of p21Cip1/WAF1 has been proposed to be critical in the cell cycle. Hence, we detected the expression and localization of p21Cip1/WAF1 after injecting fertilized mouse eggs with Akt mRNA. In one‐cell stage fertilized embryos microinjected with mRNA coding for a constitutively active myristoylated Akt (myr‐Ak... Cell Biochemistry and Function journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4651840 Mon, 28 Mar 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4651840 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4549201&cid=s_33761_60_f&fid=33761&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcbf.1738 AbstractDrug‐eluting stents (DES) were developed to combat the problem of in‐stent restenosis, and evaluating the biological activity from DES systems is critical for its safety and efficacy. To test the cytotoxicity of nitric oxide (NO) donor‐containing polymers for their potential use in DES applications, S‐nitrosoglutathione (GSNO) or in combination with poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP) in an aqueous polymeric solution (PVA/PVP/GSNO) was investigated using Balb/c 3T3 and Rabbit arterial smooth muscle (RASM) cells. The sensitivity of 3T3 cells to the cytotoxicity effects induced by GSNO was higher than that of RASM cells, while RASM cells were more susceptible to alterations in membrane permeability. Cell growth assays showed that GSNO and PVA/PVP/GSNO ... Cell Biochemistry and Function journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4549201 Fri, 04 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4549201 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4663078&cid=s_33761_60_f&fid=33761&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcbf.1753 Tbox3, a T‐box containing transcription factor, has been reported to negatively regulate osteoblastogenesis. Here, we studied the effects mediated by Tbx3 on the master osteogenic transcription factor Runx2 in C3h10t1/2 cells. Dual‐luciferase assay results showed that Tbx3 interferes in the Runx2‐mediated activation of osteopontin promoter by abrogating Runx2 activity. Immunofluorescence study demonstrated that Runx2 was simultaneously localized in the nucleus and the cytoplasm of Tbx3‐overexpressing cells. The results obtained in this study indicate that Tbx3 abrogates Runx2 activity and elevated expression levels of Tbx3 in the cells can result in mislocalization of Runx2. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. (Source: Cell Biochemistry and Function) Cell Biochemistry and Function journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4663078 Tue, 01 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4663078 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4651839&cid=s_33761_60_f&fid=33761&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcbf.1745 AbstractThere are currently no comparison measurements of stress‐induced changes in vascular function during acute mental stress tests to measurements made by BIOPAC MP150 systems technology, a standard polygraph device used to detect deception during polygraph examinations in military or law enforcement applications. Vascular responses to reactive hyperaemia and acute mental stress in 25 healthy subjects were measured by both peripheral arterial tonometry (EndoPAT) and a blood pressure cuff attached to a pressure transducer (BIOPAC) and compared. Reactive hyperaemia was performed at baseline and following three acute mental stress tests. There was no difference in vascular reactivity at baseline and following acute mental stress, as measured by EndoPAT or BIOPAC systems (p > 0·0... Cell Biochemistry and Function journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4651839 Tue, 01 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4651839 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4614539&cid=s_33761_60_f&fid=33761&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcbf.1748 In this study, we firstly obtained high‐purity DCs by the combination of Percoll density gradient centrifugation and immunomagentic bead sorting, then measured genome‐wide gene expression in DCs from rat regenerating liver after partial hepatectomy (PH) using rat genome 230 2·0 microarray composed of 25 020 genes, and verified the reliability of microarray data with RT‐PCR method. Among 25 020 genes present on the array, 1621 known genes and 1307 unknown genes, totally 2928 genes, were identified to be LR‐related. H‐clustering analysis showed that 2928 genes were grouped into three expression patterns: up‐regulation, down‐regulation and complex changes in expression. And 1621 known genes were functionally grouped into at least 23 biological categories. When expression pa... Cell Biochemistry and Function journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4614539 Tue, 01 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4614539 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4610115&cid=s_33761_60_f&fid=33761&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcbf.1749 In conclusion, we observed that VCE supplementation is beneficial towards kidney and lens of aged diabetic rats by modulating oxidative and antioxidant systems. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. (Source: Cell Biochemistry and Function) Cell Biochemistry and Function journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4610115 Tue, 01 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4610115 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4574521&cid=s_33761_60_f&fid=33761&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcbf.1740 AbstractRegulation at the level of translation in eukaryotes is feasible because of the longer lifetime of eukaryotic mRNAs in the cell. The elongation stage of mRNA translation requires a substantial amount of energy and also eukaryotic elongation factors (eEFs). The important component of eEFs, i.e. eEF2 promotes the GTP‐dependent translocation of the nascent protein chain from the A‐site to the P‐site of the ribosome. Mostly the eEF2 is regulated by phosphorylation and dephosphorylation by a specific kinase known as eEF2 kinase, which itself is up‐regulated by various mechanisms in the eukaryotic cell. The activity of this kinase is dependent on calcium ions and calmodulin. Recently it has been shown that the activity of eEF2 kinase is regulated by MAP kinase signalling and mTOR... Cell Biochemistry and Function journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4574521 Tue, 01 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4574521 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4559210&cid=s_33761_60_f&fid=33761&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcbf.1737 AbstractThe aging eye appears to be at considerable risk from oxidative stress. Lipid peroxidation (LPO) is one of the mechanisms of cataractogenesis, initiated by enhanced promotion of oxygen free radicals in the eye fluids and tissues and impaired enzymatic and non‐enzymatic antioxidant defenses of the crystalline lens. The present study proposes that mitochondria are one of the major sources of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in mammalian and human lens epithelial cells and that therapies that protect mitochondria in lens epithelial cells from damage and reduce damaging ROS generation may potentially ameliorate the effects of free radical‐induced oxidation that occur in aging ocular tissues and in human cataract diseases. It has been found that rather than complete removal of oxidants... Cell Biochemistry and Function journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4559210 Tue, 01 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4559210 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4549200&cid=s_33761_60_f&fid=33761&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcbf.1739 AbstractIntegrative physiology studies have shown that immune system and central nervous system interplay very closely towards behavioural modulation. Since the 70‐kDa heat shock proteins (HSP70s), whose heavy expression during exercise is well documented in the skeletal muscle and other tissues, is also extremely well conserved in nature during all evolutionary periods of species, it is conceivable that HSP70s might participate of physiologic responses such as fatigue induced by some types of physical exercise. In this way, increased circulating levels of extracellular HSP70 (eHSP70) could be envisaged as an immunomodulatory mechanism induced by exercise, besides other chemical messengers (e.g. cytokines) released during an exercise effort, that are able to binding a number of receptors... Cell Biochemistry and Function journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4549200 Tue, 01 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4549200 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4539955&cid=s_33761_60_f&fid=33761&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcbf.1729 This study was designed to investigate the effects of Ulva rigida, one of the green algae, on the lipid profile and oxidative–antioxidative systems in streptozotocin‐induced diabetic rats. Forty Wistar rats randomly divided into four groups: control (C), control + U. rigida extract (C + URE), diabetes (D) and diabetes + U. rigida extract (D + URE). U. rigida (2%) was administered in drinking water for 5 weeks after the induction of diabetes. U. rigida reduced the blood glucose, serum total cholesterol, triglyceride levels and plasma and tissue malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in the D + URE group. Insulin levels were significantly higher in the D + URE than those of the D group. Serum total cholesterol and tissue MDA levels were reduced in the C + URE group. Who... Cell Biochemistry and Function journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4539955 Tue, 01 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4539955 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4539954&cid=s_33761_60_f&fid=33761&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcbf.1746 (Source: Cell Biochemistry and Function) Cell Biochemistry and Function journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4539954 Tue, 01 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4539954 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4521339&cid=s_33761_60_f&fid=33761&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcbf.1735 In conclusion, our results indicated that the GAEAE could enhance the sensitivity of SGC‐7901 cells to the c‐jun, p53, Bax and Bcl‐2 induced apoptosis and provided a promising approach to anti‐human gastric cancer therapy with Ganoderma applanatum. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. (Source: Cell Biochemistry and Function) Cell Biochemistry and Function journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4521339 Thu, 24 Feb 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4521339 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4521338&cid=s_33761_60_f&fid=33761&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcbf.1736 AbstractEndothelial dysfunction caused by cell apoptosis is thought to be a major cause of diabetic vascular complications. Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) play an important role in the pathogenesis of diabetic vascular complications by inducing apoptosis of endothelial cells. The aim of this study was to explore the effect of ghrelin on AGEs‐induced apoptosis in cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and the potential mechanisms involved in this process. Exposure to AGEs (200 mg l−1) for 48 h caused a significant increase in cell apoptosis, while pretreatment with ghrelin eliminated AGEs‐induced apoptosis in HUVECs, as evaluated by MTT assays, flow cytometry and Hoechst 33258 staining. The induction of caspase‐3 activation was also prevented by ghrel... Cell Biochemistry and Function journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4521338 Thu, 24 Feb 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4521338 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4521337&cid=s_33761_60_f&fid=33761&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcbf.1741 AbstractThe present study investigated whether the antioxidant activity of p,p'‐methoxyl‐diphenyl diselenide [(MeOPhSe)2] is involved in its protective effect against cognitive impairment induced by streptozotocin (STZ) in a model of sporadic dementia of Alzheimer's type (SDAT). Swiss mice were treated with STZ or vehicle [2 µl of 2·5 mg ml−1 solution; intracerebroventricularly (i.c.v.)] twice, 48 h apart. (MeOPhSe)2 (25 mg kg−1) or vehicle was orally administered 30 min prior to each STZ treatment. Neuroprotector effect of (MeOPhSe)2 on the behavioral performance of mice on spatial recognition memory consolidation was investigated in the Y‐maze test. After that, mouse brains were removed for measuring antioxidant parameters. (MeOPhSe)2 protected against the impai... Cell Biochemistry and Function journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4521337 Thu, 24 Feb 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4521337 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4521336&cid=s_33761_60_f&fid=33761&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcbf.1742 In this study, we firstly investigated hOGG1 Ser326Cys polymorphism in GD. According to our results, Cys/Cys genotype frequency in the GD patients (23.4%) was significantly higher than the controls (9.2%). Cys/Cys genotype had an 3.5‐fold [95% CI (confidence interval): 2.10–6.01, p < 0.001] the Cys allele had 1.83‐fold (95% CI: 1.43–2.34, p < 0.001) increase in the risk for developing GD. Our results suggest that Ser326Cys polymorphism of the hOGG1 gene is associated with GD risk. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. (Source: Cell Biochemistry and Function) Cell Biochemistry and Function journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4521336 Thu, 24 Feb 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4521336 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4454604&cid=s_33761_60_f&fid=33761&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcbf.1726 AbstractThe burning of incense is an important source of indoor air pollution in Asia. We assessed the effect of long‐term exposure to incense smoke on the body weight and levels of circulating glucose, triglycerides, total cholesterol, HDL‐cholesterol, insulin, adiponectin and leptin in Wistar albino rats. Two groups of rats were used. First group (n = 12) was exposed daily to incense smoke for 4 months at the rate of 4 g day−1 in the exposure chamber. Another group of rats (n = 12), was used as non‐exposed control. Blood samples were collected from all animals after 4, 8, 12 and 16 weeks of exposure. Serum glucose, triglycerides, total cholesterol and HDL‐cholesterol, LDL‐cholesterol insulin, adiponectin and leptin were measured. Our results showed that incense sm... Cell Biochemistry and Function journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4454604 Wed, 09 Feb 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4454604 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4428361&cid=s_33761_60_f&fid=33761&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcbf.1731 AbstractEstradiol (E2) and its receptor estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) are implicated in the pathology of stromal‐predominant benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Insulin‐like growth factor 1(IGF1) is produced primarily by stromal cells in the prostate. Recent study showed that E2‐mediated regulation of IGF1 in mouse uterus requires the DNA binding ability of ERα. However, the crosstalk between ERα and IGF1 in the prostate has not been addressed yet. Therefore, in this study we employed mouse prostatic smooth muscle cells (PSMCs) as a model to demonstrate that E2 stimulated the proliferation of PSMCs and up‐regulated the expression of IGF1 and its receptor IGF1R as well as cyclin D1 in PSMCs, all of which could be inhibited by shRNA‐mediated knockdown of ERα. Furthermore, we fo... Cell Biochemistry and Function journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4428361 Wed, 02 Feb 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4428361 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4428360&cid=s_33761_60_f&fid=33761&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcbf.1733 In conclusion, the substitution of lysin (Lys) in N/OFQ(1–13)NH2 molecule with other amino acids might contribute to changes in its antioxidant properties. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. (Source: Cell Biochemistry and Function) Cell Biochemistry and Function journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4428360 Wed, 02 Feb 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4428360 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4428359&cid=s_33761_60_f&fid=33761&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcbf.1727 In conclusion, we observed that ceftriaxone is beneficial on CycA‐induced oxidative stress in kidney of rats by modulating oxidative and antioxidant system. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. (Source: Cell Biochemistry and Function) Cell Biochemistry and Function journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4428359 Wed, 02 Feb 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4428359 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4428358&cid=s_33761_60_f&fid=33761&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcbf.1723 In conclusion, the present study demonstrates that flow cytometry is suitable for the detection of the GLO‐1 enzyme in human leukocytes and that this method could be used to investigate the fast adaptation of the glyoxalase system related to the pathogenesis of late complications of diabetes mellitus and other glycation stress‐related disorders. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. (Source: Cell Biochemistry and Function) Cell Biochemistry and Function journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4428358 Wed, 02 Feb 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4428358 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4428357&cid=s_33761_60_f&fid=33761&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcbf.1722 AbstractWe previously demonstrated an increased liver gluconeogenesis (LG) during insulin‐induced hypoglycaemia. Thus, an expected effect of sulphonylureas induced hypoglycaemia (SIH) could be the activation of LG. However, sulphonylureas infused directly in to the liver inhibits LG. Considering these opposite effects we investigated herein LG in rats submitted to SIH. For this purpose, 24 h fasted rats that received glibenclamide (10 mg kg−1) were used (SIH group). Control group received oral saline. Glycaemia at 30, 60, 90, 120 and 150 min after oral administration of glibenclamide were evaluated. Since the lowest glycaemia was obtained 120 min after glibenclamide administration, this time was chosen to investigate LG in situ perfused livers. The gluconeogenesis from precur... Cell Biochemistry and Function journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4428357 Wed, 02 Feb 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4428357 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4428356&cid=s_33761_60_f&fid=33761&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcbf.1721 AbstractThree polymorphisms, Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) Q192R (C/G), endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) E298D (G/T) and eNOS T‐786C have been suggested to be potentially associated with coronary artery spasm in Japanese patients. Data on worldwide populations are needed to clarify whether these associations could hold true for other populations. However, few data are available especially in Africans, spasm of which has been suggested to be an aetiology of myocardial infarction. Therefore, these polymorphisms were investigated in three Africans, Ovambos (n = 123), Ghanians (n = 118) and Xhosas (n = 96), together with Japanese (n = 96), by using polymerase chain reaction‐restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. Genotype‐distributions of all these SNPs in Afric... Cell Biochemistry and Function journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4428356 Wed, 02 Feb 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4428356 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4428363&cid=s_33761_60_f&fid=33761&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcbf.1734 AbstractProteins destined for degradation by the ubiquitin‐proteasome system are labelled with a 76‐amino acid peptide, ubiquitin, through a series of conjugation steps by the E1, E2 and E3 enzymes respectively. Ubiquitin carboxy‐terminal hydrolase 37 (UCH37) belongs to the UCH proteases family that deubiquitinates ubiquitin‐protein conjugates in the ubiquitin‐proteasome system. However, it is few reports about the relationship between UCH37 and apoptosis. In order to clarify the role of UCH37 on apoptosis, the A549 cells were chosen for this study. We transfected UCH37 siRNA and pcDNA3.1‐UCH37 plasmid into A549 cells, respectively. Using MTT assay, Western blot, Hoechst 33342 staining assay and flow cytometry, we found that silencing of UCH37 in A549 cells induced apoptosis. T... Cell Biochemistry and Function journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4428363 Tue, 01 Feb 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4428363 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4428362&cid=s_33761_60_f&fid=33761&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcbf.1732 AbstractHypoxia‐inducible transcription factors (HIFs) play a pivotal role in the response of cells to hypoxia. HIFs are dimers of an oxygen‐sensitive α‐subunit (HIF‐1α or HIF‐2α), and a constitutively expressed β‐subunit. In normoxia, HIF‐1α is destabilized by post‐translational hydroxylation of Pro‐564 and Pro‐402 by a family of oxygen‐sensitive dioxygenases. Prolyl hydroxylation leads to von Hippel–Lindau protein‐dependent ubiquitination and rapid degradation of HIF‐1α. We previously reported that KRH102053, an activator of PHD2, rapidly decreased HIF‐1α and eventually inhibited angiogenesis. Here, we report a potent activator of PHD2, KRH102140, which has a structure similar to KRH102053. KRH102140 more efficiently suppressed HIF‐1α than KRH10205... Cell Biochemistry and Function journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4428362 Tue, 01 Feb 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4428362 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4521335&cid=s_33761_60_f&fid=33761&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcbf.1744 This study shows that both normotensive and hypertensive peritoneal dialysis patients have increased‐oxidative stress and decreased antioxidant levels and hypertension might have an additional effect on oxidative stress by increasing MDA level in peritoneal dialysis patients. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. (Source: Cell Biochemistry and Function) Cell Biochemistry and Function journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4521335 Sat, 01 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4521335 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4476844&cid=s_33761_60_f&fid=33761&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcbf.1730 AbstractIgLONs are a family of four GPI‐anchored cell adhesion molecules that regulate neurite outgrowth and synaptogenesis and may act as tumour suppressor genes. Recently we have proposed that two members of the IgLON family act as a heterodimeric complex termed DIgLON. Neurons isolated from chick forebrain co‐express all six combinations of IgLONs and the intensity of fluorescence for each pair of IgLONs was highly correlated. Antibody‐patching experiments on forebrain neurons show complex formation for IgLON pairs but not between unrelated GPI‐anchored glycoproteins. Thus IgLONs are the first GPI‐anchored family of glycoproteins shown to form heterodimeric complexes in the plane of the membrane. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. (Source: Cell Biochemistry and Func... Cell Biochemistry and Function journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4476844 Sat, 01 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4476844 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4454603&cid=s_33761_60_f&fid=33761&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcbf.1725 AbstractUrokinase‐type plasminogen activator (uPA) is a serine protease that is involved in cancer progression, especially invasion and metastasis including prostate cancer. uPA activation is mediated by transactivation of uPAR and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGF‐R) in prostate cancer progression. Prostate cancer (PC‐3) cells have highly invasive capacity and they express uPA and uPAR gene. PC‐3 cells are treated with quercetin, which inhibits invasion and migration of PC‐3 cells. Quercetin downregulates uPA, uPAR and EGF, EGF‐R mRNA expressions. Quercetin inhibits cell survival factor β‐catenin, NF‐κB and also proliferative signalling molecules such as p‐EGF‐R, N‐Ras, Raf‐1, c.Fos c.Jun and p‐c.Jun protein expressions. But quercetin increased p38 mitogen�... Cell Biochemistry and Function journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4454603 Sat, 01 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4454603 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4428355&cid=s_33761_60_f&fid=33761&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcbf.1728 AbstractMicroRNAs (miRNAs), small non‐coding molecules, regulate gene expression in response to stimuli. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was reported to induce the expression of miR‐146 and miR‐155 in HL‐60. The effects of LPS and the related stimulus, tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNFα), on miRNA expression required to be further studied. Using T7‐oligo ligation assay (OLA)‐based miRNA array, we profiled the expression of 132 miRNAs and identified a number of TNFα‐regulated miRNAs in HeLa cells, including miR‐17‐3p and miR‐106a. TNFα induction of miR‐17‐3p and miR‐106a was verified by Northern blot analysis with RNU48 normalization. Northern blot analysis also showed that LPS was able to induce the expression of both miR‐17‐3p and miR‐106a in HeLa cells. Furthe... Cell Biochemistry and Function journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4428355 Sat, 01 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4428355 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4393487&cid=s_33761_60_f&fid=33761&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcbf.1720 In this study, we investigated the effects of PI3K/AKT, ERK1/2, P38 and JNK on EGF signalling in hMSCs. The effects of EGF on MAPKs and PI3K/AKT crosstalk were investigated by immunoblotting; cyclooxygenase‐2 (COX‐2) expression was studied by real‐time RT‐PCR; and cell proliferation was evaluated by methylthiazolyl tetrazolium bromide assay. Our results showed that EGF immediately activated all four pathways, induced proliferation and increased COX‐2 expression. Interestingly, inhibition of PI3K/AKT‐enhanced EGF‐stimulated ERK1/2 activity, and inhibition of ERK1/2 and JNK reduced AKT phosphorylation. Furthermore, EGF‐induced proliferation as well as EGF‐augmented COX2 expression was hindered by ERK1/2 and p38 inhibitors. The results of this study provide evidences to be u... Cell Biochemistry and Function journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4393487 Sat, 01 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4393487 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4393486&cid=s_33761_60_f&fid=33761&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcbf.1719 AbstractAnti‐ischaemic drug mildronate suppresses fatty acid metabolism and increases glucose utilization in myocardium. It was proposed that it could produce a favourable effect on metabolic parameters and glucose transport in diabetic animals. Rats with streptozotocin diabetes mellitus were treated with mildronate (100 mg/kg daily, per os, 6 weeks). Therapeutic effect of mildronate was monitored by measuring animal weight, concentrations of blood glucose, insulin, blood triglycerides, free fatty acids, blood ketone bodies and cholesterol, glycated haemoglobin per cent (HbA1c%) and glucose tolerance. GLUT1 mRNA and protein expression in kidneys, heart, liver and muscles were studied by means of real time RT‐PCR and immunohistochemistry correspondingly. In the streptozotocin + mi... Cell Biochemistry and Function journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4393486 Sat, 01 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4393486 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4393485&cid=s_33761_60_f&fid=33761&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcbf.1718 AbstractLipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐induced inflammatory factors production by the cerebral cortical glial cells in two sides of the murine brain are different. To determine if microglial cells, a subset of glial cells, are involved in asymmetric production, interleukin‐6 (IL‐6), interleukin‐1β (IL‐1β) and nitric oxide (NO) responses to LPS by microglial cells in the right and left cerebral cortices were examined. Primary microglial cells were isolated from BALB/C neonatal mice, treated with LPS (10 µg ml−1) for 24 h and examined for IL‐6, IL‐1β and NO production. At untreated state, the levels of IL‐6, IL‐1β and NO showed no statistical difference between left and right. However, after LPS treatment, the levels of IL‐6, IL‐1β and NO for the right microglia... Cell Biochemistry and Function journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4393485 Sat, 01 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4393485 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4393484&cid=s_33761_60_f&fid=33761&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcbf.1716 This study investigates the effects of taurine supplementation on oxidative stress biomarkers after eccentric exercise (EE). Twenty‐four male rats were divided into the following groups (n = 6): control; EE; EE plus taurine (EE + Taurine); EE plus saline (EE + Saline). Taurine was administered as a 1‐ml 300 mg kg−1 per body weight (BW) day−1 solution in water by gavage, for 15 consecutive days. Starting on the 14th day of supplementation, the animals were submitted to one 90‐min downhill run session and constant velocity of 1·0 km h−1. Forty‐eight hours after the exercise session, the animals were killed and the quadriceps muscles were surgically removed. Production of superoxide anion, creatine kinase (CK) levels, lipoperoxidation, carbonylation, total... Cell Biochemistry and Function journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4393484 Sat, 01 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4393484 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4393483&cid=s_33761_60_f&fid=33761&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcbf.1724 (Source: Cell Biochemistry and Function) Cell Biochemistry and Function journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4393483 Sat, 01 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4393483 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4292892&cid=s_33761_60_f&fid=33761&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcbf.1716 This study investigates the effects of taurine supplementation on oxidative stress biomarkers after eccentric exercise (EE). Twenty‐four male rats were divided into the following groups (n = 6): control; EE; EE plus taurine (EE + Taurine); EE plus saline (EE + Saline). Taurine was administered as a 1‐ml 300 mg kg−1 per body weight (BW) day−1 solution in water by gavage, for 15 consecutive days. Starting on the 14th day of supplementation, the animals were submitted to one 90‐min downhill run session and constant velocity of 1·0 km h−1. Forty‐eight hours after the exercise session, the animals were killed and the quadriceps muscles were surgically removed. Production of superoxide anion, creatine kinase (CK) levels, lipoperoxidation, carbonylation, total... Cell Biochemistry and Function journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4292892 Mon, 27 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4292892 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4292891&cid=s_33761_60_f&fid=33761&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcbf.1714 AbstractReactive carbonyl compounds contribute to aging, Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other neurodegenerative diseases. Among these compounds, methylglyoxal (MG) can yield advanced glycation end products (AGEs), which are crucial in AD pathogenesis. However, the molecular and biochemical mechanisms of MG neurotoxicity are not completely understood. In the present study, SH‐SY5Y cells were treated with MG to induce cell death. 2‐D Fluorescence Difference Gel Electrophoresis and matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization‐time of flight mass spectrometry were employed to determine the changes in protein levels in these cells compared with vehicle‐treated cells. Proteomics analysis revealed that 49 proteins were differentially expressed in MG‐treated SH‐SY5Y cells, of which 16 w... Cell Biochemistry and Function journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4292891 Mon, 27 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4292891 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4284586&cid=s_33761_60_f&fid=33761&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcbf.1711 AbstractMethotrexate (MTX) an antifolate drug and leucovorin its antidote, are used in the treatment of both neoplastic and non‐neoplastic diseases in young women. We hypothesize that MTX treatment might comprise a deleterious effect on fast proliferating reproductive cells, an unavoidable and unwanted side effect. MTX given dose dependently to rats for 20 days prevented vaginal cyclicity and caused a reduction in serum progesterone and estradiol. External morphology of reproductive tract displayed thinning of organs and reduction in their weights. To reveal mechanism of MTX action, we examined the histology of ovary, oviduct, uterus, cervix and vagina. Results suggested that in a dose dependent fashion MTX restrained preantral and antral follicular growth in ovary. Epithelium and stroma... Cell Biochemistry and Function journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4284586 Thu, 23 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4284586 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4292890&cid=s_33761_60_f&fid=33761&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcbf.1712 This study focussed upon the expression of NFκB in isolated human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) following HBO. Ten healthy male volunteers underwent a single HBO treatment, breathing 100% oxygen at a pressure of 2.8 ATA for 1 h. EDTA blood samples were taken pre‐, post‐ and 4‐h post‐HBO. PBMC were isolated, nuclear extracts prepared and assayed using a NFkBp50 transcription factor ELISA. Mean NFκB expression of 0.27 (0.20–0.34, 95%CI) absorbance units (mg protein)−1 was observed pre‐HBO and this increased to 0.29 (0.20–0.38, 95%CI) immediately post‐HBO. A significant increase in NFκB expression within PBMC was observed 4‐h post‐HBO, in comparison to pre‐HBO (mean 0.38, 0.30–0.47, 95%CI, p = 0.027). This study demonstrates that HBO induces NFκ... Cell Biochemistry and Function journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4292890 Thu, 02 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4292890 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4284585&cid=s_33761_60_f&fid=33761&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcbf.1713 AbstractActivated β‐catenin/T‐cell factor (Tcf) signalling plays a role in human carcinogenesis. We identified the inhibitory effect of nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA) against β‐catenin/Tcf signalling in β‐catenin activated cells. NDGA inhibited the transcriptional activity of β‐catenin/Tcf in HEK293 cells transiently transfected with a constitutively active mutant β‐catenin gene. To investigate the inhibitory mechanism, electrophoresis mobility shift assay, immunoprecipitation and Western blot experiments were performed. The shift assay showed that the binding of Tcf complexes with its specific DNA‐binding sites was suppressed by NDGA. Immunoprecipitation analysis also showed that the binding of β‐catenin to Tcf‐4 was also disrupted by NDGA. Western blot analysis ... Cell Biochemistry and Function journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4284585 Thu, 02 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4284585 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4271884&cid=s_33761_60_f&fid=33761&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcbf.1715 AbstractLack of reliable assays for DNA repair has largely prevented measurements of DNA repair from being included in human biomonitoring studies. Using newly developed modifications of the comet assay we tested whether a fruit‐ and antioxidant‐rich plant‐based intervention could affect base excision repair (BER) and nucleotide excision repair (NER) in a group of 102 male volunteers. BER and NER repair capacities were measured in lymphocytes before and after a dietary intervention lasting 8 weeks. The study had one control group, one group consuming three kiwifruits per day and one group consuming a variety of antioxidant‐rich fruits and plant products in addition to their normal diet. DNA strand breaks were reduced following consumption of both kiwifruits (13%, p = 0.05) and ... Cell Biochemistry and Function journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4271884 Thu, 02 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4271884