MedWorm.com provides a medical RSS filtering service. Over 6000 RSS medical sources are combined and output via different filters. This feed contains the latest items from the 'Central European Journal of Biology' source. Thu, 09 Feb 2012 14:32:01 +0100 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5549655&cid=s_35900_62_f&fid=35900&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F625060m59263l74l%2F Abstract  Paper by Xing et al. “Nano-characterization of Jagged-1-educated dendritic cells” in Volume 6, Issue 6, 981-989 / December 2011; DOI: 10.2478/s11535-011-0063-3 contains an error in the graphic file inserted as Figure 1 and also an incorrect figure caption. The corrected Figure 1, together with its caption is presented below. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory ErratumPages 183-183DOI 10.2478/s11535-011-0106-9Authors Xing Journal Central European Journal of BiologyOnline ISSN 1644-3632Print ISSN 1895-104X Journal Volume Volume 7 Journal Issue Volume 7, Number 1 (Source: Central European Journal of Biology) Central European Journal of Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5549655 Sat, 24 Dec 2011 16:46:42 +0100 5549655 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5549657&cid=s_35900_62_f&fid=35900&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F578654q21768108m%2F Abstract   Echinacea purpurea is one of the most widely used immunostimulant plants. Its main active compounds are polysaccharides, glycoproteins, caffeic acid derivatives, alkamides, and melanins. The article describes an optimized extraction procedure that enables spectrophotometric quantification of polysaccharides from Echinacea purpurea. The extraction procedure can be widely applied as it demonstrated to be useful for determining polysaccharide content in flowers and leaves, in summer and autumn plants, in plants with green and red stem, and in plants from two different plantations. A significantly higher content of polysaccharides in flowers in comparison to leaves, as well as in plants with green stems in comparison to plants with red stems was determined. Statistic... Central European Journal of Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5549657 Sat, 24 Dec 2011 16:46:41 +0100 5549657 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5549656&cid=s_35900_62_f&fid=35900&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fd247571273357154%2F This study describes the development of a micropropagation protocol for Pinguicula vulgaris using cultures initiated from in vitro produced seedlings. P. vulgaris is a carnivorous plant with a northern, disjunctly circumpolar distribution and specific habitat requirements, and is hence becoming increasingly rare. Shoot proliferation was significantly influenced by Murashige and Skoog (MS) macronutrient concentration, showing higher proliferation rates in 1/4MS, but was not affected by the addition of 0.1 mg/L 6-benzyladenine (BA) or zeatin (Zea). The best medium for propagating P. vulgaris was plant growth regulator (PGR) free ¼MS. An average of 7.62 new shoots per initial explant could be obtained after 8 weeks of culture, of which over 79% produced roots during proliferation. Moreov... Central European Journal of Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5549656 Sat, 24 Dec 2011 16:46:41 +0100 5549656 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5549659&cid=s_35900_62_f&fid=35900&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F4516291611763162%2F The objective of this study was to investigate development of an efficient in vitro tissue culture system for saffron (Crocus sativus L.) complete with roots and corms. In indirect organogenesis, Murashige and Skoog (MS) media with 3% (w/v) sucrose, 100 mg L−1 ascorbic acid, and the combination of 0.25 mg L−1 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and 1 mg L−1 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) were best for callus initiation and growth while 1.5 mg L−1 BAP was excellent for high rate of adventitious shoot formation. 1 mg L−1 indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) was more preferable for adventitious corm and root initiation as well as growth. Overall, 64% rooting and 33% corm production rates were achieved in indirect organogenesis. In direct organogenesis, MS medium supplemented with 3 % sucros... Central European Journal of Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5549659 Sat, 24 Dec 2011 16:46:40 +0100 5549659 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5549658&cid=s_35900_62_f&fid=35900&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fcrp733pl77v54w16%2F Abstract   Cordyceps sinensis is a Chinese medicinal fungus traditionally used in cancer treatments. In a previous study, we investigated the antimetastatic activity of Cordyceps sinensis (WECS) extract using liver metastatic model mice injected with B16-F0 mouse melanoma cells into the spleen. WECS reduced the number of metastatic nodules of B16-F0 cells in the liver of C57BL/6 mice, and significantly prolonged survival of the mice. Furthermore, we examined the effects of WECS on hepatocyte growth factor (HGF)-accelerated invasion of B16-F0 cells using a chemo-invasion assay in vitro. WECS was shown to significantly reduce HGF-accelerated B16-F0 cell invasion. In the present study, we investigated the effect of WECS on Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase (TIMP)-1 secreti... Central European Journal of Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5549658 Sat, 24 Dec 2011 16:46:40 +0100 5549658 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5549660&cid=s_35900_62_f&fid=35900&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fb054h09446348t7w%2F Abstract  The species composition and abundance of phoretic mites of the bark beetle Pityokteines curvidens caught in pheromone traps were investigated in Croatia. The P. curvidens trapping programs have been in an experimental phase in Croatia since 2004 as a possible monitoring and control system. The trapping program also permits the opportunity to sample phoretic mites found associated with the beetles. Beetles were caught using Curviwit pheromones in Theysohn traps placed in the Litorić region of Croatia. A total of 12 mite species were recovered, including Schizostethus simulatrix, Dendrolaelaps quadrisetus, Histiostoma piceae, H. cf. varia, Paraleius leontonychus, Pleuronectocelaeno barbara, Tarsonemus minimax, Trichouropoda lamellosa, Uroobovella ipidis, Schwiebea sp... Central European Journal of Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5549660 Sat, 24 Dec 2011 16:46:39 +0100 5549660 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5549662&cid=s_35900_62_f&fid=35900&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fj496v4jm4472l355%2F Abstract  The oxidative stress and antioxidant systems in soybean leaves and roots infected with plant pathogen Aspergillus niger were studied following treatment with different concentrations of cholic acid. Several oxidative stress parameters were analyzed: production of superoxide (O2 ·−) and hydroxyl radicals (·OH), lipid peroxidation (LP), and superoxide dismutase (SOD; EC 1.15.1.1) activity, as well as the content of reduced glutathione (GSH). Results showed that inoculation with A. niger led to the increase of O2 ·− production and GSH quantities in leaves and ·OH in roots. The highest activity of SOD occured in infected plants treated with cholic acid in concentrations of 40 and 60 mg L−1 which ultimately led to a decrease in O2 ·− production. Inoculatio... Central European Journal of Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5549662 Sat, 24 Dec 2011 16:46:38 +0100 5549662 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5549661&cid=s_35900_62_f&fid=35900&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F3600456878102p05%2F Abstract  The study was designed to determine the total phenolic, flavonoid, o-dihydroxyphenol, tannin, and carotenoid content as well as the antiradical, antitumor and antimicrobial properties of two types of galenic preparations from Rosa rugosa Thunb. Such extracts obtained from various plant parts have not been studied to date. Our findings have revealed high antiradical activity of the examined galenic preparations, with root, leaf and flower extracts (IC50 ranging from 0.27 to 0.19 mg of dry extract per mg DPPH·) showing the greatest potential. MIC and MBC values against 8 reference bacterial strains (i.e. Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Micrococcus luteus, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus mi... Central European Journal of Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5549661 Sat, 24 Dec 2011 16:46:38 +0100 5549661 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5549663&cid=s_35900_62_f&fid=35900&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F2t04410461u121p3%2F Abstract  Atrazine is a commonly used pesticide in the US and the non-EU countries. It is classified as an endocrine-disrupting chemical and is well-known for its reproductive toxicity in mammals and lower vertebrates. The study on atrazine effects on thyroid mast cells was performed on juvenile/peripubertal and adult male Wistar rats orally gavaged with atrazine at doses of 50 mg/kg of body weight (bw) or 200 mg/kg bw. In order to visualize the mast cell population within the thyroid gland, a histochemical staining method of toluidine blue was used. The results of the histological evaluation demonstrated a prominent increase in mast cell degranulation in both age groups and at both atrazine doses. According to the stereological analysis, a statistically significant decreas... Central European Journal of Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5549663 Sat, 24 Dec 2011 16:46:37 +0100 5549663 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5549664&cid=s_35900_62_f&fid=35900&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fh70p46071q563245%2F Abstract  The abundance and distribution of predatory cladoceran Leptodora kindtii was investigated in the estuarine lagoon (Curonian Lagoon, SE Baltic Sea). Three hydrodynamically different parts of the lagoon were selected, representing transitory oligohaline, intermediate freshwater and stagnant freshwater sites. L. kindtii was least abundant at the oligohaline site, never occurring at salinities greater than 4 psu. At the two freshwater sites, the abundance of L. kindtii varied from a low of <0.1 up to 2.2 indv. L−1 during peak abundance. Two peaks of L. kindtii abundance were observed with timing differences between stations: at the stagnant site the population of L. kindtii peaked two weeks earlier relative to the more hydrodynamically active sites, likely due to a 2... Central European Journal of Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5549664 Sat, 24 Dec 2011 16:46:36 +0100 5549664 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5549667&cid=s_35900_62_f&fid=35900&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F023044v017u37k67%2F Conclusions  Our study suggest that nanoscale-featured HA coating on Ti substrates may improve the osseointegration response, and provide new evidence on nanocrystalline HA coatings on titanium for better dental implant applications. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Research ArticlePages 54-62DOI 10.2478/s11535-011-0097-6Authors Yi Tang, Department of Implantology, West China College of Stomatology, Sichuan University, 610041 Chengdu, People’s Republic of ChinaBo Wen, Department of Implant Dentistry, School of Stomatology, Nanjing University Medical Center, Nanjing University, 210008 Nanjin, People’s Republic of ChinaYing-ying Wu, Department of Implantology, West China College of Stomatology, Sichuan University, 610041 Chengdu, People’s Republic of ChinaTao ... Central European Journal of Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5549667 Sat, 24 Dec 2011 16:46:35 +0100 5549667 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5549666&cid=s_35900_62_f&fid=35900&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F8131350pxr188107%2F This study confirmed the considerable effect of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon fluoranthene (FLT; 0.01, 0.1, 1, 4 and 7 mg/l) exposure on the germination of seeds, growth and root morphology of seedlings in Zea mays and Pisum sativum. Seed germination was significantly inhibited at FLT≥0.01 mg/l in maize and at ≥1 mg/l in pea. The amount of released ethylene after 3 days of germination was significantly increased in both species at FLT≥0.1 mg/l. After 7 days of seedling cultivation a significant decrease in the dry weight of roots and shoots occurred in maize at FLT≥0.1 mg/l while in pea similar effect was observed at ≥1 mg/l. The total length of primary and lateral roots was significantly reduced by FLT≥1 mg/l in maize and by 4 and 7 mg/l in pea. The length of the non-br... Central European Journal of Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5549666 Sat, 24 Dec 2011 16:46:35 +0100 5549666 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5549665&cid=s_35900_62_f&fid=35900&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fg1885562q3j7517x%2F Abstract  Like several other bird schistosomes, neurotropic schistosome of Trichobilharzia regenti can invade also mammals, including humans. Repeated infections cause cercarial dermatitis, a skin inflammatory reaction leading to parasite elimination in non-specific mammalian hosts. However, in experimentally primo-infected mice, the worms escape from the skin and migrate to the central nervous system. In order to evade host immune reactions, schistosomes undergo cercaria/schistosomulum transformation accompanied with changes of surface antigens. The present study is focused on localization of the main antigens of T. regenti; cercariae, schistosomula developed under different conditions and adults were compared. Antigens were localized by immunofluorescence and ultrastructur... Central European Journal of Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5549665 Sat, 24 Dec 2011 16:46:35 +0100 5549665 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5549670&cid=s_35900_62_f&fid=35900&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fx872710646j27100%2F Conclusions  The competitiveness of Rlv strains is dependent upon numerous physiological traits. However, environmental factors such as soil type and the type of host plant may be even more important in affecting rhizobial competitiveness. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Research ArticlePages 13-24DOI 10.2478/s11535-011-0085-xAuthors Jerzy Wielbo, Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, 20-033 Lublin, PolandDominika Kidaj, Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, 20-033 Lublin, PolandPiotr Koper, Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, 20-033 Lublin, PolandAgnieszka Kubik-Komar, Chair of Applied Mathematics and Informatics, Lublin University of Life Scien... Central European Journal of Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5549670 Sat, 24 Dec 2011 16:46:33 +0100 5549670 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5549669&cid=s_35900_62_f&fid=35900&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F736q702vh4187l91%2F Abstract  The aim of the present study was the evaluation of the antioxidant content in phenolic and non-phenolic extracts of ten wine samples, trying to elucidate the potential role of unusual antioxidant compounds. Samples of wines processed from red and white grapes (Vitis vinifera L.), deprived of the volatile fraction at low temperature and buffered at physiological pH, were fractionated by C18 into two fractions: FR1 and FR2. Non-phenolics, such as tartaric, malic, lactic, and succinic acids; glucose; fructose; and glycerin were mainly found in FR1, while polyphenols were present exclusively in FR2. Peroxyl radical quenching was assayed by the ORAC method, while superoxide and hydroxyl radical scavenging activity were assayed by electron paramagnetic resonance. In the ... Central European Journal of Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5549669 Sat, 24 Dec 2011 16:46:33 +0100 5549669 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5549668&cid=s_35900_62_f&fid=35900&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fn862202267524h6q%2F Abstract  Among Crioceris leaf-beetles, the two most widespread species (Crioceris asparagi and C. duodecimpunctata) are serious invasive plant pests, while another two (C. quatuordecimpunctata and C. quinquepunctata) are rare species restricted to steppe-like habitats in Eurasia. The aim of the research was to check the genetic distinctiveness of these four species and develop barcodes for their molecular identification using the mitochondrial Cytochrome Oxidase I (COI) gene and two nuclear markers: Elongation Factor 1-α (EF1-α) and Internal Transcribed Spacer 1 (ITS1). The identification of each species was possible and reliable with the use of COI and ITS1 markers. EF1-α was omitted in analyses due to its high level of heterozygosity (presence of multiple PCR products).... Central European Journal of Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5549668 Sat, 24 Dec 2011 16:46:33 +0100 5549668 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5549671&cid=s_35900_62_f&fid=35900&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F67t8255583636335%2F Abstract  Global environmental processes like climate change could severely affect population level migratory behaviour of long range migrant birds. We analyzed changes in migration phenology and biometrics of three closely-related long-distance migrant Acrocephalus species. We used the records of 12 063 Sedge, 12 913 Reed, and 5 409 Marsh Warblers caught and ringed between 1989–2009, at a Hungarian stopover site. Quantile regressions were used to analyse the changes in spring and autumn migration phenology. Median spring arrival date of Sedge and Reed Warblers shifted 6.5 and 7.5 days earlier, respectively. Autumn arrival of all species shifted one (Reed and Marsh Warblers) or two (Sedge Warbler) weeks later. Mean body mass of adult Reed and Marsh Warblers decreased in sp... Central European Journal of Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5549671 Sat, 24 Dec 2011 16:46:31 +0100 5549671 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5549672&cid=s_35900_62_f&fid=35900&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fm840763150n57266%2F Abstract  The changes in hormone-regulated adenylyl cyclase (AC) signaling system implicated in control of the nervous, cardiovascular and reproductive systems may contribute to complications of diabetes mellitus (DM). We investigated the functional state of AC system in the brain, myocardium, ovary and uterus of rats with neonatal DM and examined the influence of intranasally administered insulin on the sensitivity of this system to biogenic amines and polypeptide hormones. The regulatory effects of somatostatin and 5-HT1BR-agonist 5-nonyloxytryptamine acting via Gi protein-coupled receptors were significantly decreased in DM and partially restored in insulin-treated rats. The effects of hormones, activators of AC, are changed in tissue- and receptorspecific manner, and int... Central European Journal of Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5549672 Sat, 24 Dec 2011 16:46:30 +0100 5549672 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5549674&cid=s_35900_62_f&fid=35900&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fcn742l67041u2113%2F Abstract  Our study found that beaver activity affects macroinvertebrate assemblages of both beaver ponds and downstream sites. The percentage composition of the invertebrate faunae of beaver ponds was strikingly different from the invertebrate faunae of upstream forested and downstream sites. The number of EPT (ephemeropteran, plecopteran, trichopteran) taxa in the upstream forested sites in all streams was higher than in beaver pond and downstream sites. Statistically significant differences were found in absolute and relative abundances of EPT and Chironomidae between different streams sites. The absolute and relative abundance of pollution-sensitive EPT was significantly higher in forested sites than in beaver pond and downstream sites in all measured streams. Beaver po... Central European Journal of Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5549674 Sat, 24 Dec 2011 16:46:29 +0100 5549674 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5549673&cid=s_35900_62_f&fid=35900&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fv1075r61q4j1lh34%2F Abstract  The concept of using bacteriophages (bacterial viruses) as biocontrol agents in pest management emerged shortly after their discovery. Although research on phage-based biopesticides temporarily stopped with the advent of antibiotics, the appearance of antibiotic resistant bacterial strains led to a renewed interest in phage therapy for control of plant diseases. In the past twenty years numerous successful experiments have been reported on bacteriophage-based biocontrol measures, and several comprehensive studies have recently been published discussing detailed results of phage application practices in pest management, mainly from North American authors. The present review focuses on bacteriophage-mediated control of fire blight (caused by Erwinia amylovora (Buril... Central European Journal of Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5549673 Sat, 24 Dec 2011 16:46:29 +0100 5549673 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5549675&cid=s_35900_62_f&fid=35900&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F4h70214011432111%2F In conclusion, the agar formulation enhanced nematode survival by providing a suitable environment thereby delaying dryingand increasing the possibility for nematodes to invade their host on the foliage. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Research ArticlePages 77-82DOI 10.2478/s11535-011-0090-0Authors Hany M. Hussein, Biology Centre, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Institute of Entomology, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech RepublicManal M. Adel, Pests & Plant Protection Department, National Research Centre, 12311 Cairo, EgyptIvan Gelbič, Biology Centre, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Institute of Entomology, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic Journal Central European Journal of BiologyOnline ISSN 1644-3632Print ISSN 1895-104X Journal Vol... Central European Journal of Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5549675 Sat, 24 Dec 2011 16:46:28 +0100 5549675 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5453977&cid=s_35900_62_f&fid=35900&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F546k1780337684v8%2F Abstract   Humulus lupulus (Cannabaceae) is well known throughout the world as a raw material in the brewing industry. The antioxidative action of hop cones is poorly understood, therefore the aim of our present study was to investigate in vitro changes in human plasma induced by peroxynitrite in the presence of the highly purified extract from hop cones (Humulus lupulus). The aim of our study was also to explain the effect of the extract from hop cones on coagulation activity of human plasma treated with peroxynitrite. The action of the extract from hop cones was compared with the properties of a well-characterized commercial monomeric polyphenol — resveratrol (3,4′,5-trihydroxystilbene). The tested plant extract, like resveratrol, significantly inhibited protein carbon... Central European Journal of Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5453977 Tue, 22 Nov 2011 17:52:59 +0100 5453977 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5453979&cid=s_35900_62_f&fid=35900&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fu24662t8w308jh74%2F In conclusion, the MACS technique has no harmful effect on the rabbit sperm concentration and motility. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory CommunicationPages 958-962DOI 10.2478/s11535-011-0082-0Authors Jaromir Vasicek, Institute of Farm Animal Genetics and Reproduction, Animal Production Research Centre Nitra, 951 41 Lužianky, Slovak RepublicAlexander V. Makarevich, Institute of Farm Animal Genetics and Reproduction, Animal Production Research Centre Nitra, 951 41 Lužianky, Slovak RepublicPeter Chrenek, Institute of Farm Animal Genetics and Reproduction, Animal Production Research Centre Nitra, 951 41 Lužianky, Slovak Republic Journal Central European Journal of BiologyOnline ISSN 1644-3632Print ISSN 1895-104X Journal Volume Volume 6 Journal Issue Volume 6, Numb... Central European Journal of Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5453979 Tue, 22 Nov 2011 17:52:58 +0100 5453979 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5453978&cid=s_35900_62_f&fid=35900&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fln2p3578032506w3%2F Conclusions  Our data provide evidence for the expression of syncytins in normal trophoblastic tissue from early placentas and advance the understanding of the physiological changes of syncytins upon differentiation towards syncytium. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Research ArticlePages 918-924DOI 10.2478/s11535-011-0073-1Authors Athanasios V. Mousiolis, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Medical School, University of Thessalia, University Hospital, 41110 Larissa, GreecePanagoula Kollia, Department of Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics, Medical School, University of Thessalia, University Hospital, 41110 Larissa, GreeceChara Skentou, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Medical School, University of Thessalia, University Hospital, 41110 Larissa, Gree... Central European Journal of Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5453978 Tue, 22 Nov 2011 17:52:58 +0100 5453978 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5453982&cid=s_35900_62_f&fid=35900&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Ft726l42433441363%2F Abstract  Microbes play key roles in the functioning of the biosphere. Still, our knowledge about their total diversity is very limited. In particular, we lack a clear understanding of the evolutionary dynamics occurring within their populations (i.e. among members of the same biological species). Unlike animals and plants, microbes normally have huge population sizes, high reproductive rates and the potential for unrestricted dispersal. As a consequence, the knowledge of population genetics acquired from studying animals and plants cannot be applied without extensive testing to microbes. Next generation molecular tools, like High Throughput Sequencing (e.g. 454 and Illumina) coupled to Single Cell Genomics, now allow investigating microbial populations at a very fine scale.... Central European Journal of Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5453982 Tue, 22 Nov 2011 17:52:57 +0100 5453982 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5453981&cid=s_35900_62_f&fid=35900&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fb623k2x844958q46%2F Abstract  Analysis of faecal sacs of nestling Barn Swallows Hirundo rustica from 52 breeding colonies located within fifteen spatially-separated villages in Poland has revealed that the basic component of the diet was Coleoptera (56.1% of all identified prey items), followed by Hymenoptera (24.1%), Diptera (16.1%) and Hemiptera (3.3%). The average mass of all prey items with known weight amounted to 3.40 mg (95% CL, 3.16–3.63 mg; median=0.49 mg) dry weight. Coleopterans associated with dung and manure jointly made up 23.5% of the number and 24.3% of the total biomass of all representatives of the order. Statistically significant negative relationships between the average weight of prey and number of prey found in 52 analyzed breeding sites suggest a particular need for Bar... Central European Journal of Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5453981 Tue, 22 Nov 2011 17:52:57 +0100 5453981 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5453980&cid=s_35900_62_f&fid=35900&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fk574g45710p022k1%2F This study compared clinical isolates of C. dubliniensis with C. albicans from HIV patients with oropharyngeal candidiasis (OPC) and standard strains in power to form biofilm and their adhesive and invasive properties. Members of both spp. were able to form strong biofilms. However, SEM microscopy confirmed that C. albicans undergoes the more effective yeast-to-hyphae transition than C. dubliniensis with prevalent yeast form and limited ability to form filaments. Kinetic patterns indicated that while the first 30 min are critical for sufficient attachment to a polystyrene surface, adhesion to human carcinoma cell lines (Caco-2 and TR 146) needs additional time with maximal saturation observed at 240 min for both spp. The invasion process was tested on 3D RHE (reconstituted human epithe... Central European Journal of Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5453980 Tue, 22 Nov 2011 17:52:57 +0100 5453980 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5453983&cid=s_35900_62_f&fid=35900&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fau634836m4371h6n%2F This study was designed primarily to investigate the antibacterial and antifungal activity of the extracts from fruits of six Rumex L. species: R. acetosa L., R. acetosella L., R. confertus Willd., R. crispus L., R. hydrolapathum Huds. and R. obtusifolius L. The 7 Grampositive and 7 Gram-negative bacteria strains and 5 fungal ones were tested by agar and broth dilution method. Determination of minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) revealed that the extracts from R. confertus, R. crispus, R. hydrolapathum and R. obtusifolius exerted differential inhibitory effect on the growth of Gram-positive bacteria — staphylococci (MIC=62.5–125 µg/mL) and Gramnegative bacteria — Escherichia coli ATCC 3521, Proteus mirabilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MIC=125→500 µg/mL); MIC values determined... Central European Journal of Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5453983 Tue, 22 Nov 2011 17:52:54 +0100 5453983 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5453985&cid=s_35900_62_f&fid=35900&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F962376u75342uk72%2F Abstract  Vitronectin (Vn) is a multifunctional glycoprotein profusely present in serum and bound to epithelial cell surfaces. It plays an important role in cell migration, tissue repair and regulation of membrane attack complex (MAC) formation. In the last decade the role of Vn has been extensively investigated in eukaryotic signalling and cell migration leading to the possibility of developing novel anticancer drugs. In parallel, several studies have suggested that pathogens utilize Vn in invasion of the host. Here we review the properties of Vn and its role in host-pathogen interactions that might be a future target for therapeutic intervention. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Mini-ReviewPages 973-980DOI 10.2478/s11535-011-0077-xAuthors Birendra Singh, Medical... Central European Journal of Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5453985 Tue, 22 Nov 2011 17:52:53 +0100 5453985 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5453984&cid=s_35900_62_f&fid=35900&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fh1505g8170u50nk8%2F In conclusion, simultaneous genetic modification of Wnt3a overexpression and Wnt9a knockdown enhances osteoblast differentiation of BMSCs, suggesting its osteogenic potency to regenerate new bone in vivo. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Research ArticlePages 963-972DOI 10.2478/s11535-011-0079-8Authors Weerachai Singhatanadgit, Faculty of Dentistry, Thammasat University, 12121 Pathum-Thani, ThailandManatsanan Varodomrujiranon, Faculty of Dentistry, Thammasat University, 12121 Pathum-Thani, Thailand Journal Central European Journal of BiologyOnline ISSN 1644-3632Print ISSN 1895-104X Journal Volume Volume 6 Journal Issue Volume 6, Number 6 (Source: Central European Journal of Biology) Central European Journal of Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5453984 Tue, 22 Nov 2011 17:52:53 +0100 5453984 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5453986&cid=s_35900_62_f&fid=35900&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fq74224280rt05575%2F Abstract  Chronic exposure to excess manganese via inhalation of metal fumes causes central nervous system damage. For modelling Mn aerosol inhalation, male Wistar rats were intratracheally instilled with MnCl2 solution (0.5 mg/kg b.w. MnCl2; n=12) 5 days a week for 5 weeks. At the end of the treatment, somatosensory cortical evoked potentials, elicited by double-pulse stimulation, were recorded from the animals in urethane anaesthesia. Body weight gain, organ weights, and Mn level in brain, lung and blood samples were also measured. In brain samples, gene expression level of MnSOD (Mn superoxide dismutase) was determined. The effect of Mn was mainly seen on the evoked potential amplitudes, and on the second:first ratio of these. Tissue Mn concentration was elevated in brain ... Central European Journal of Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5453986 Tue, 22 Nov 2011 17:52:45 +0100 5453986 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5404677&cid=s_35900_62_f&fid=35900&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fm2k12q72p0852407%2F Abstract  The tufted duck (Aythya fuligula, Anatidae) is widespread in the Palaearctic across Northern Eurasia. Birds breeding in Northern and Eastern Europe are highly migratory, while populations from Western Europe are partially migratory or resident. The aim of this study is to explore genetic variation within and between ducks breeding in Latvia and migrants sampled in North West Russia and Belarus. The technique of random amplified polymorphic DNA was applied using five random primers (ol-1, ol-9-12). Genetic variability was measured for all tufted ducks investigated and for different sub-populations from various regions. Individual genetic structure and genetic variability was higher in ducks collected from Latvia. Gene diversity of amplified DNA bands in birds of Lat... Central European Journal of Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5404677 Mon, 07 Nov 2011 06:32:32 +0100 5404677 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5404676&cid=s_35900_62_f&fid=35900&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fw062585684664504%2F Abstract  Bacteria belonging to the genus Burkholderia are well known for their adaptability to habitats as diverse as freshwater sediments, lungs of cystic fibrosis patients and plant tissues. This genus includes also plant, animal and human pathogenic species, such as Burkholderia glumae, Burkholderia pseudomallei and the Burkholderia cepacia complex. Over the past few years, several newly discovered nonpathogenic plant associated Burkholderia species have raised particular interest for their potential use in plant growth promotion, biocontrol of plant pathogens, phytoremediation and xenobiotics degradation. Highlights from recent studies on the taxonomy, ecology and pathogenicity of different species of the Burkholderia genus are presented with the aim to evaluate their pot... Central European Journal of Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5404676 Mon, 07 Nov 2011 06:32:32 +0100 5404676 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5404678&cid=s_35900_62_f&fid=35900&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fc401633489342716%2F In this study, nanostructure of Jagged-1-educated DCs was observed through atomic force microscopy. Our results showed that the volume, surface area and width of Jagged-1-educated DCs, and the number of protrusion, pseudopodia and lamellapodia on the surface of Jagged-1-educated DCs were significantly more than those of GM-CSF-induced DCs, but less than those of LPS-educated DCs. Compared with GM-CSF-induced DCs, the roughness on the surface of Jagged-1-educated DCs was greatly increased, similar to LPS-educated DCs, but the particle size and number of them on the membrane were markedly less than the latter. The change of DC nanostructure caused by Jagged-1 was abrogated with N-[N-(3,5-difluorophenacetyl)-l-alanyl]-S-phenylglycinet-butyl ester, a Γ-secretase inhibitor of Notch signa... Central European Journal of Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5404678 Mon, 07 Nov 2011 06:32:29 +0100 5404678 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5404680&cid=s_35900_62_f&fid=35900&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fk0050173tu2222rj%2F Abstract  Plant-interacting bacteria can establish either mutualistic or pathogenic interactions that cause beneficial or detrimental effects respectively, to their hosts. In spite of the completely different outcomes, accumulating evidence indicates that similar molecular bases underlie the establishment of these two contrasting plant-bacteria associations. Recent findings observed in the mutualistic nitrogen-fixing Rhizobium-legume symbiosis add new elements to the increasing list of similarities. Amongst these, in this review we describe the role of plant resistance proteins in determining host specificity in the Rhizobium-legume symbiosis that resemble the gene-for-gene resistance of plant-pathogen interactions, and the production of antimicrobial peptides by certain leg... Central European Journal of Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5404680 Mon, 07 Nov 2011 06:32:28 +0100 5404680 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5404679&cid=s_35900_62_f&fid=35900&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F46857kp161058580%2F Abstract  Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a small enveloped virus with a positive stranded RNA genome belonging to the Flaviviridae family. The virion has the unique ability of forming a complex with lipoproteins, which is known as the lipoviroparticle. Lipoprotein components as well as the envelope proteins, E1 and E2, play a key role in virus entry into the hepatocyte. HCV entry is a complex multistep process involving sequential interactions with several cell surface proteins. The virus relies on glycosaminoglycans and possibly the low-density lipoprotein receptors to attach to cells. Furthermore, four specific entry factors are involved in the following steps which lead to virus internalization and fusion in early endosomes. These molecules are the scavenger receptor SRB1, te... Central European Journal of Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5404679 Mon, 07 Nov 2011 06:32:28 +0100 5404679 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5404684&cid=s_35900_62_f&fid=35900&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Frm72l798w5507431%2F Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Retraction NotePages 1-1DOI 10.2478/s11535-011-0092-yAuthors Malay Choudhury, Aquatic Animal Health Management Division, Central Institute of Fisheries Education, 400061 Mumbai, IndiaK. Pani Prasad, Aquatic Animal Health Management Division, Central Institute of Fisheries Education, 400061 Mumbai, India Journal Central European Journal of BiologyOnline ISSN 1644-3632Print ISSN 1895-104X (Source: Central European Journal of Biology) Central European Journal of Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5404684 Mon, 07 Nov 2011 06:32:27 +0100 5404684 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5404683&cid=s_35900_62_f&fid=35900&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fr137rpp103q77h46%2F Abstract  Salinity is an important abiotic factor that adversely affects major agricultural soils of the world and hence limits crop productivity. An optimum mineral-nutrient status of plants plays critical role in determining plant tolerance to various stresses. A pot experiment was conducted on mustard (Brassica campestris L.) to study the protective role of added potassium (K, 40 mg kg−1 soil) against salinity-stress (0, 40 and 80 mM NaCl)-induced changes in plant growth, photosynthetic traits, ion accumulation, oxidative stress, enzymatic antioxidants and non-enzymatic antioxidants at 30 days after sowing. Increasing NaCl levels decreased the growth, photosynthetic traits and the leaf ascorbate and glutathione content but increased the leaf ion accumulation and oxidati... Central European Journal of Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5404683 Mon, 07 Nov 2011 06:32:27 +0100 5404683 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5404682&cid=s_35900_62_f&fid=35900&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fa77r50w43m161n08%2F Abstract  Horizontal gene transfer (HGT), non-hereditary transfer of genetic material between organisms, accounts for a significant proportion of the genetic variability in bacteria. In Gram negative bacteria, the nucleoid-associated protein H-NS silences unwanted expression of recently acquired foreign DNA. This, in turn, facilitates integration of the incoming genes into the regulatory networks of the recipient cell. Bacteria belonging to the family Enterobacteriaceae express an additional protein, the Hha protein that, by binding to H-NS, potentiates silencing of HGT DNA. We provide here an overview of Hha-like proteins, including their structure and function, as well as their evolutionary relationship. We finally present available information suggesting that, by expressi... Central European Journal of Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5404682 Mon, 07 Nov 2011 06:32:27 +0100 5404682 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5404681&cid=s_35900_62_f&fid=35900&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Ft66r385m80880653%2F Abstract  The accumulation of selected caffeic acid derivatives (CADs), in particular rosmarinic acid (RA), was investigated in different tissues (leaves, roots and plantlet shoots) of sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) plants grown either in vitro or in hydroponic culture (floating system) under greenhouse conditions. Two cultivars with green leaves (Genovese and Superbo) and one with purple leaves (Dark Opal) were tested. The content of CADs in HCl-methanol extracts was determined by HPLC. LC-MS and LC-MS-MS were used to confirm the identification of the metabolites of interest. Apart from rosmarinic acid (RA) and a methylated form of this substance, no other CADs were detected at significant level in any of the analyzed samples. The content of RA ranged approximately from ... Central European Journal of Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5404681 Mon, 07 Nov 2011 06:32:27 +0100 5404681 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5404685&cid=s_35900_62_f&fid=35900&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fh30l764720k07lp1%2F CONCLUSIONS. Our results suggest that: 1) Keratinocytes can recognize and respond to cell wall components of T. rubrum; 2) Viable intact conidia inhibit TLR-2 and TLR6 expression and decrease HBD-1 and HBD-2 production; 3) Conidial homogenate from T. rubrum increases the expression of TLR2, TLR4 and TLR6 and induces HBD-1 and HBD-2 production; 4) Therefore, innate immune functions of keratinocytes as the first level of local skin immunity are apparently manipulated by T. rubrum, likely to ensure its establishment, persistence and survival. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory CommunicationPages 1-9DOI 10.2478/s11535-011-0060-6Authors Luz A. García-Madrid, Laboratory of Natural Peptides, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University Center for Biological and Agricultur... Central European Journal of Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5404685 Mon, 07 Nov 2011 06:32:26 +0100 5404685 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5404686&cid=s_35900_62_f&fid=35900&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F324g173859347x33%2F Abstract  Thioredoxins (Trxs), as small ubiquitous proteins, participate in dithiol-disulfide exchange reactions. In contrast to other organisms, plants have a complex family of Trxs, which contains seven different Trx types: f, h, m, o, x, y, and z. The h-type Trx consists of multiple forms that are involved in different processes. A full-length cDNA coding for a Trx h, designated VvTrx h2, was isolated and cloned from grape (Vitis vinifera L. cv. White Seedless) berry tissue by RT-PCR technique. Nucleotide sequence analysis revealed 561 nucleotides in length encoded for a protein of 114 amino acid residues. The deduced polypeptide sequence harbors a typical catalytic site, WCGPC and its calculated molecular mass and its predicted isoelectric point are 12.79 and 5.06 kDa, res... Central European Journal of Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5404686 Fri, 04 Nov 2011 16:49:07 +0100 5404686 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5437175&cid=s_35900_62_f&fid=35900&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F157178735075h8p3%2F Abstract  Paper by Péli et al. “Ecophysiological responses of desiccation-tolerant cryptobiotic crusts” in Volume 6, Issue 5, 838–849 / October 2011; DOI: 10.2478/s11535-011-0049-1 contains incorrect graphic file inserted as Figure 6. The correct Figure 6, together with its caption is presented below. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory ErratumPages 1065-1065DOI 10.2478/s11535-011-0075-zAuthors Evelin Ramóna PéliNie LeiTamás PócsZsanett LauferStefan PorembskiZoltán Tuba Journal Central European Journal of BiologyOnline ISSN 1644-3632Print ISSN 1895-104X Journal Volume Volume 6 Journal Issue Volume 6, Number 6 (Source: Central European Journal of Biology) Central European Journal of Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5437175 Thu, 15 Sep 2011 15:50:40 +0100 5437175 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5233275&cid=s_35900_62_f&fid=35900&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F157178735075h8p3%2F Abstract  Paper by Péli et al. “Ecophysiological responses of desiccation-tolerant cryptobiotic crusts” in Volume 6, Issue 5, 838–849 / October 2011; DOI: 10.2478/s11535-011-0049-1 contains incorrect graphic file inserted as Figure 6. The correct Figure 6, together with its caption is presented below. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory ErratumPages 1-1DOI 10.2478/s11535-011-0075-zAuthors Evelin Ramóna Péli, “Plant Ecology” Departmental Research Group of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szent István University, 2100 Gödöllő, HungaryNie Lei, Department of Botany, Faculty of Life Sciences of Foshan University, 528000 Foshan, ChinaTamás Pócs, Department of Botany, Eszterházy K. College, 3301 Eger, HungaryZsanett Laufer, “Plant Ecology” Departmenta... Central European Journal of Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5233275 Thu, 15 Sep 2011 15:50:40 +0100 5233275 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5194737&cid=s_35900_62_f&fid=35900&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fn895206344212071%2F Abstract  What is the best way to identify new functions for which we currently know nothing? Here, we discuss the importance of combining cultivation-dependent and -independent approaches to identify new functions and new genes. We argue that although the cultivationdependent approach is presently viewed as an “old fashioned”, focusing only on a limited proportion of the total bacterial communities, it remains essential to the characterization as well as the discovery of new potential functions in bacteria. This will allow us to highlight potential model bacterial strains for further genomic and genetic studies and to identify genes of interest. By illustrating an example of a function for which our current knowledge is so far limited, mineral weathering, we highlight ... Central European Journal of Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5194737 Fri, 02 Sep 2011 05:54:56 +0100 5194737 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5194738&cid=s_35900_62_f&fid=35900&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fwqx570r4884667hq%2F Abstract  Developments in adult stem cell (ASC) potentiation have contributed to excitement in the field of stem cell-based therapy. The use of ASCs not only increases therapeutic treatment possibilities but successful use of multipotent cells for gene therapy has been demonstrated in animal models [1]. Concurrent ability of stem cells (SCs) to either contribute to disease development, as identified in cancer stem cells (CSCs), or to replace diseased tissue by induced differentiation using selected growth factors, has highlighted the intricate molecular and cellular mechanisms. Adipose derived stem cells (ADSCs) are capable of self-renewal and respond well to induced differentiation [2]. Auto-immunity and transplant rejection may become minor limitations when selective indu... Central European Journal of Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5194738 Fri, 02 Sep 2011 05:54:54 +0100 5194738 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5194739&cid=s_35900_62_f&fid=35900&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fd7461113076u6417%2F Abstract  Comparative studies of the effects of two compounds, tebufenozide (an ecdysone agonist) and lufenuron (an insect growth regulator inhibiting chitin synthesis), were conducted on Spodoptera littoralis (Boisduval, 1833). The compounds, orally administered, caused larval mortality proportional to the concentrations in the food source. Tebufenozide initiated precocious molting, and lufenuron, and inhibited chitin synthesis. In both cases, larvae were unable to complete the molting process and died in the old larval cuticle. Larvae contaminated by sublethal doses completed their development to adulthood. Lufenuron is more active than is tebufenozide. LD-50 for lufenuron is 0.0001ppm and for tebufenozide 0.001ppm. Topical application of the test compounds to eggs caused ... Central European Journal of Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5194739 Fri, 02 Sep 2011 05:54:53 +0100 5194739 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5194741&cid=s_35900_62_f&fid=35900&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fc730rh024g584478%2F Abstract  We tested a hypothesis based on life history theory that examines reproductive costs incurred by individuals in consecutive years of their life. A multi-year dataset of resource allocation to vegetative and reproductive structures was analysed in Carex secalina — a perennial, monoecious sedge, reproducing only sexually. In a four-year garden experiment, we assessed above-ground biomass at the end of each season and reproductive allocation expressed as the total length of male and female spikes. The study was aimed at determining how size and age of a plant relates to its reproduction, and how the rate of reproduction affects the year-toyear biomass change in Carex secalina. We observed that after each reproductive episode, individuals had significantly smaller si... Central European Journal of Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5194741 Fri, 02 Sep 2011 05:54:52 +0100 5194741 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5194740&cid=s_35900_62_f&fid=35900&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fl6rk2w8q60gg0412%2F Abstract  Estrogenic activity has been detected in aquatic ecosystems across the world. However, there is a lack of such data for Slovenian wastewaters and surface waters. The Slovenian monitoring program of effluents discharged into surface waters does not require that emissions of natural and synthetic estrogens into aquatic environments be assessed and controlled. In our study, we assessed the potential estrogenicity of wastewater samples from three wastewater treatment plants using a yeast estrogen screen assay (YES assay). Due to the high inhibition of yeast growth in samples obtained during our first sampling period, it was impossible to detect any estrogenic activity. An additional silica gel clean-up step reduced the toxicity of samples collected during our second s... Central European Journal of Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5194740 Fri, 02 Sep 2011 05:54:52 +0100 5194740 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5194743&cid=s_35900_62_f&fid=35900&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F351143348717t30r%2F Abstract  The ability of conspecifics to recognize and locate each other in the environment depends on the efficiency of intraspecific communication. We compared the mate searching strategies of southern green stinkbug Nezara viridula (male searches for a continuously calling female) and the leafhopper Aphrodes makarovi (partners form a precisely coordinated duet). Males of both species were tested on plants in playback experiments. One leaf was vibrated with unaltered conspecific female signals or with various conspecific signals using modified temporal parameters. The results showed that the onset of searching was faster in A. makarovi than in N. viridula. Changes in temporal parameters of female replies had negative effect on the searching behaviour of A. makarovi. Males lo... Central European Journal of Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5194743 Fri, 02 Sep 2011 05:54:51 +0100 5194743 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5194742&cid=s_35900_62_f&fid=35900&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fk88t5r805061682w%2F This study aimed to describe the distinct effects of preload at low and physiological [Ca2+]o. Rat RV papillary muscles were studied in isometric conditions at 25‡C and 0.33 Hz at 1 mM (hypo-Ca group) and 2.5 mM [Ca2+]o (normal-Ca group). [Ca2+]i was monitored with fura-2/AM. Increase of preload caused a rise of active tension in hypo-Ca and normal-Ca groups whereas peak fluorescence rose significantly only at low [Ca2+]o. End-diastolic tension, end-diastolic level of fluorescence, time-to-peak tension, but not time-to-peak of Ca2+ transient, progressively increased with preload. Mechanical relaxation decelerated with preload while Ca2+ transient decay time decreased in the initial phase and increased in the late phase, resulting in a prominent “bump” configuration. The “bump”... Central European Journal of Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5194742 Fri, 02 Sep 2011 05:54:51 +0100 5194742 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5194745&cid=s_35900_62_f&fid=35900&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fa047647410l8qru2%2F Abstract  Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) represent a useful tool for cell therapy studies, however the use of embryos for their derivation give rise to ethical, religious and legal problems when applied to the human. During the last years parthenogenesis has been proposed as an alternative source to obtain ESCs. Based on the fact that parthenotes avoid many concerns surrounding the “ad hoc” in vitro production and following destruction of viable human embryos. Unfortunately many aspects related to parthenogenetic cell biology are not fully understood and still need to be elucidated. In this review we describe advantages and limits of these cells. We discuss their typical ESC morphology and high telomerase activity, which disappears after differentiation. We examine the plur... Central European Journal of Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5194745 Fri, 02 Sep 2011 05:54:50 +0100 5194745 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5194744&cid=s_35900_62_f&fid=35900&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fj4270168v67h3088%2F Abstract  The present study was undertaken to investigate the radiosensitizing effects of 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2DG), a glycolytic inhibitor, and ferulic acid (FA), a phenolic prooxidant, in relatively radioresistant human non-small cell lung carcinoma cells (NCI-H460). NCI-H460 cells were treated with 4 mM 2DG and/or 53.8 µM FA for 24 h and then exposed to 2 Gy irradiation. Compared to cells that were 2 Gy-irradiated alone (50%), FA and 2DG with radiation (FA+2DG+IR) showed additional decrease in cell viability (15%). This has been further validated by decreased (86%) colony formation in 2DG+FA+IR group compared to 2DG (29%), FA (24%) and IR (37%) group alone. Increased apoptotic cells (84%) in 2DG+FA+IR group further confirm the radiosensitizing property of 2DG or FA. In NC... Central European Journal of Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5194744 Fri, 02 Sep 2011 05:54:50 +0100 5194744 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5194746&cid=s_35900_62_f&fid=35900&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fh8564535t7427725%2F Abstract  In our present studies, the recovery of photosynthetic activity after rehydration was demonstrated. We measured chlorophyll fluorescence, CO2 gas exchange and the pigment composition in the previously long-term air-dried cryptogamic inselberg crusts collected from two tropical areas. The cryptobiotic crusts were collected from different localities on similar ecological and climatic conditions from extreme habitats of inselbergs (outcrops). These inselbergs are characterized by a dry microclimate and are covered by scarce soil. We found that the ecophysiological responses of both cryptogamic inselberg crusts showed an extremely high degree of desiccation-tolerance due to the fast and full recovery during rehydration. The photosynthetic activity of the cryptobiotic ... Central European Journal of Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5194746 Fri, 02 Sep 2011 05:54:48 +0100 5194746 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5194747&cid=s_35900_62_f&fid=35900&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F9754767w803hm604%2F Abstract  Recent work in plant immunity has shown that MOS4, a known intermediate in R protein mediated resistance, is a core member of the nuclear MOS4-associated complex (MAC). This complex is highly conserved in eukaryotes, as orthologous complexes known as the CDC5L-SNEVPrp19-Pso4 complex and the Nineteen complex (NTC) were previously identified in human and yeast, respectively. The involvement of these complexes in pre-mRNA splicing and spliceosome assembly suggests that the MAC probably has a similar function in plants. Double mutants of any two MAC components are lethal, whereas single mutants of the MAC core components mos4, Atcdc5, mac3, and prl1 are all viable and display pleiotropic defects. This suggests that while the MAC is required for some essential biological... Central European Journal of Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5194747 Fri, 02 Sep 2011 05:54:47 +0100 5194747 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5194750&cid=s_35900_62_f&fid=35900&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fp2558g3021626618%2F Abstract  The decapeptide gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) is the primary factor responsible for the hypothalamic control of gonadotropin (GTH) secretion. This review focuses on a family of neuropeptides, LPXRFamide (LPXRFa) peptides, which have been implicated in the regulation of GTH secretion. LPXRFa acts on the pituitary via a G protein-coupled receptor, LPXRFa-R, to enhance gonadal development and maintenance by increasing gonadotropin release and synthesis. Because LPXRFa exists and functions in several fish species, LPXRFa is considered to be a key neurohormone in fish reproduction control. The precursors to LPXRFamide peptides encoded plural LPXRFamide peptides and were highly divergent in vertebrates, particularly in lower vertebrates. Tissue distribution analy... Central European Journal of Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5194750 Fri, 02 Sep 2011 05:54:46 +0100 5194750 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5194749&cid=s_35900_62_f&fid=35900&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F0127554173271t10%2F Abstract  ATP-binding cassette (ABC) systems are found in all three domains of life and in some giant viruses and form one of the largest protein superfamilies. Most family members are transport proteins that couple the free energy of ATP hydrolysis to the translocation of solutes across a biological membrane. The energizing module is also used to drive non-transport processes associated, e.g., with DNA repair and protein translation. Many ABC proteins are of considerable medical importance. In humans, dysfunction of at least eighteen out of 49 ABC transporters is associated with disease, such as cystic fibrosis, Tangier disease, adrenoleukodystrophy or Stargardt’s macular degeneration. In prokaryotes, ABC proteins confer resistance to antibiotics, secrete virulence factor... Central European Journal of Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5194749 Fri, 02 Sep 2011 05:54:46 +0100 5194749 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5194748&cid=s_35900_62_f&fid=35900&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F862u63187105715n%2F This article will focus on microbial interactions with the fight and flight family of catecholamine stress hormones. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Mini-ReviewPages 685-694DOI 10.2478/s11535-011-0067-zAuthors Fathima Sharaff, Department of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Leicester, Leicester, LE1 9HN UKPrimrose Freestone, Department of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Leicester, Leicester, LE1 9HN UK Journal Central European Journal of BiologyOnline ISSN 1644-3632Print ISSN 1895-104X Journal Volume Volume 6 Journal Issue Volume 6, Number 5 (Source: Central European Journal of Biology) Central European Journal of Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5194748 Fri, 02 Sep 2011 05:54:46 +0100 5194748 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5194752&cid=s_35900_62_f&fid=35900&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fxn568765258378g4%2F Abstract  Circadian rhythms are endogenous oscillations characterized by a period of about 24h. They constitute the biological rhythms with the longest period known to be generated at the molecular level. The abundance of genetic information and the complexity of the molecular circuitry make circadian clocks a system of choice for theoretical studies. Many mathematical models have been proposed to understand the molecular regulatory mechanisms that underly these circadian oscillations and to account for their dynamic properties (temperature compensation, entrainment by light dark cycles, phase shifts by light pulses, rhythm splitting, robustness to molecular noise, intercellular synchronization). The roles and advantages of modeling are discussed and illustrated using a var... Central European Journal of Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5194752 Fri, 02 Sep 2011 05:54:45 +0100 5194752 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5194751&cid=s_35900_62_f&fid=35900&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F7xp33ql4627g4r01%2F Abstract  Circadian rhythms are generated at the cellular level by a small but tightly regulated genetic network. In higher eukaryotes, interlocked transcriptional-translational feedback loops form the core of this network, which ensures the activation of the right genes (proteins) at the right time of the day. Understanding how such a complex molecular network can generate robust, self-sustained oscillations and accurately responds to signals from the environment (such as light and temperature) is greatly helped by mathematical modeling. In the present paper we review some mathematical models for circadian clocks, ranging from abstract, phenomenological models to the most detailed molecular models. We explain how the equations are derived, highlighting the challenges for t... Central European Journal of Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5194751 Fri, 02 Sep 2011 05:54:45 +0100 5194751 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5194753&cid=s_35900_62_f&fid=35900&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Feq1543h64175v801%2F The objective was to evaluate the effect of different combinations of red (638 nm) and blue (455 nm) light produced by solid-state light-emitting diodes (LEDs) on physiological indices (net assimilation rate, hypocotyl-to-leaf ratio, leaf area, leaf dry weight, hypocotyl length and diameter, plant length, developed leaves), variation of photosynthetic pigments and non-structural carbohydrates in radish (Raphanus sativus L., var. ‘Faraon’). Lighting experiments were performed under controlled conditions (total PPFD - 200 μmol m−2 s−1; 16 h photoperiod; 14/18°C night/day temperature). The LED conditions: 638 nm; 638 + 5% 455 nm; 638 + 10% 455 nm; 638 + 10% 455 + 731 nm; 638 + 10% 455 + 731 + 669 nm. Our results showed that radishes grown under red (638 nm) alone were elongated,... Central European Journal of Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5194753 Fri, 02 Sep 2011 05:54:42 +0100 5194753 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5194754&cid=s_35900_62_f&fid=35900&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fw3324477554v5q2r%2F Abstract  The study of giant cells in populations of different tumor cells and evaluation of their role in cancer development is an expanding field. The formation of giant cells has been shown to be followed by mitotic catastrophe, apoptosis, necrosis, and other types of cell elimination. Reports also demonstrate that giant cells can escape cell death and give rise to new cancer cells. However, it is not known if the programmed cell death is involved in this type of cell cycle disorders. Here we describe principal events that are observed during giant cell formation. We also consider the role of giant cells in cancer development, taking into account both published work and our own recent data in this field. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Review ArticlePages 675-68... Central European Journal of Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5194754 Fri, 02 Sep 2011 05:54:41 +0100 5194754 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5129842&cid=s_35900_62_f&fid=35900&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F05m5q43158716282%2F Abstract  A host of bacteria and viruses are dependent on O-linked and N-linked glycosylation to perform vital biological functions. Pathogens often have integral proteins that participate in host-cell interactions such as receptor binding and fusion with host membrane. Fusion proteins from a broad range of disparate viruses, such as paramyxovirus, HIV, ebola, and the influenza viruses share a variety of common features that are augmented by glycosylation. Each of these viruses contain multiple glycosylation sites that must be processed and modified by the host post-translational machinery to be fusogenically active. In most viruses, glycosylation plays a role in biogenesis, stability, antigenicity and infectivity. In bacteria, glycosylation events play an important role in... Central European Journal of Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5129842 Thu, 11 Aug 2011 06:56:00 +0100 5129842 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5129843&cid=s_35900_62_f&fid=35900&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fx66788207vv92648%2F Abstract  Vasculogenic mimicry was first described as the unique ability of aggressive melanoma cells to express an endothelial phenotype and to form vessel-like networks in three dimensional cultures, “mimicking” the pattern of embryonic vascular networks and recapitulating the patterned networks seen in patients with aggressive tumors correlated with poor prognosis. Recent work shows the occurrence of alternative vasculogenic patterns is due to the presence of stem cell population (cancer stem cells, CSC) at least in melanoma and glioblastoma. In the present review the new perspectives to target vasculogenic mimicry for an anti-vascular treatment strategy and the possible use of AQP1 as target, are discussed. Interest in AQP1 as a target arises from the pivotal role i... Central European Journal of Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5129843 Thu, 11 Aug 2011 06:55:58 +0100 5129843 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4861131&cid=s_35900_62_f&fid=35900&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Flu57224l852k2326%2F In this study, changes in the proteasome pool in the development of human papillary thyroid carcinoma were determined. Proteasome activities were evaluated by hydrolysis of commercial fluorogenic peptides. Changes in the expression of the total proteasome pool, proteasome 19S activator and proteolytic constitutive subunits X(β5), Y(β1) and immune subunits LMP7 (β5i) and LMP2 (β1i) were investigated by Western blotting. The distribution of the proteasome subunits in thyroid gland cells was detected by immunohistochemistry. It was shown that the chymotrypsin- and caspase-like activities as well as the expression of the total proteasome pool, proteasome 19S activator and immune subunits increased gradually in the tumors at the T2N0M0 and T3N0M0 stages in comparison with the control ... Central European Journal of Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4861131 Fri, 20 May 2011 16:08:28 +0100 4861131 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4861133&cid=s_35900_62_f&fid=35900&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fk2750747k504uk42%2F Abstract  Knowledge on edge properties is important from a conservation perspective. Our study was carried out in the ancient vegetation mosaic of the Villány Mts, South-Hungary. Sampling was conducted along eight transects, each running from a rock sward through a shrubforest patch into another rock sward. Unlike most studies, we identified edge position objectively, using a moving split-window analysis. Five habitat types along each transect were distinguished: north-facing rock sward interior, north-facing edge, shrubforest interior, south-facing edge, and south-facing rock sward interior. In the forty 2 m2 plots, a total of 157 species were found. Species richness and Shannon-diversity of the edges was higher than those of the shrubforest interiors, but not significantl... Central European Journal of Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4861133 Fri, 20 May 2011 16:08:27 +0100 4861133 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4861132&cid=s_35900_62_f&fid=35900&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fk11543813w486j48%2F Abstract  Apolipoproteins such as apolipoprotein (apo) A-I, apoA-IV, and apoE are lipid binding proteins synthesized mainly in the liver and the intestine and play an important role in the transfer of exogenous or endogenous lipids through the circulatory system. To investigate the mechanism of lipid transport in fish, we have isolated some novel genes of the apoA-I family, apoIA-I (apoA-I isoform) 1–11, from Japanese eel by PCR amplification. Some of the isolated genes of apoIA-I corresponded to 28kDa-1 cDNAs which had already been deposited into the database and encoded an apolipoprotein with molecular weight of 28 kDa in the LDL, whereas others seemed to be novel genes. The structural organization of all apoIA-Is consisted of four exons separated by three introns. ApoIA-I... Central European Journal of Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4861132 Fri, 20 May 2011 16:08:27 +0100 4861132 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4839583&cid=s_35900_62_f&fid=35900&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fb667x85p6r0n1244%2F Abstract  We evaluated the motor responses in recto-anal preparations obtained from rats, in terms of the excitation displayed by modules of nerve networks and descending distally directed pathways, when subjected to the mechanographic on-line technique, a partitioned organ bath, electrical stimulation (EFS, 0.8 ms, 5 Hz) and distension. EFS elicited modular contractions, which increased in amplitude distally, in circular muscle rings isolated from the proximal, middle or distal rectum. The modular responses of the internal anal sphincter or anal canal were relaxation or contraction, respectively. The application of EFS to the distal rectum induced a descending contractile response in the anal canal (5.24±0.34 mN), while distension by balloon evoked a descending response c... Central European Journal of Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4839583 Sat, 14 May 2011 15:56:27 +0100 4839583 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4839584&cid=s_35900_62_f&fid=35900&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fg8h0763060771531%2F Abstract  The present in vitro study was designed to examine the antioxidative activity of red cabbage anthocyanins (ATH) in the protection of blood plasma proteins and lipids against damage induced by oxidative stress. Fresh leaves of red cabbage were extracted with a mixture of methanol/distilled water/0.01% HCl (MeOH/H2O/HCl, 50/50/1, v/v/w). Total ATH concentration [µM] was determined with cyanidin 3-glucoside as a standard. Phenolic profiles in the crude red cabbage extract were determined using the HPLC method. Plasma samples were exposed to 100 µM peroxynitrite (ONOO−) or 2 mM hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in the presence/absence of ATH extract (5–15 µM); oxidative alterations were then assessed. Pre-incubation of plasma with ATH extract partly reduced oxidative str... Central European Journal of Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4839584 Sat, 14 May 2011 05:47:22 +0100 4839584 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4779635&cid=s_35900_62_f&fid=35900&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fh45x710166766672%2F We report the effects of the synthetic auxin 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and the auxin inhibitor p-chlorophenoxyisobutyric acid (PCIB) on the endogenous level of the auxin indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and on the anatomical composition of early somatic embryos of Abies alba (European silver fir). The embryogenic suspensor mass (ESM) of Abies alba proliferated on a medium supplemented by 2,4-D as well as on an auxin-free medium. The endogenous level of IAA was significantly higher in the ESM cultivated on a medium supplemented by 2,4-D. The decrease in the endogenous level of IAA in the first week of maturation is one of the most important stimuli responsible for the subsequent development of embryos. However, suppression of IAA synthesis by an auxin inhibitor did not stimulate... Central European Journal of Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4779635 Sat, 30 Apr 2011 23:36:39 +0100 4779635 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4779636&cid=s_35900_62_f&fid=35900&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fa21v017k7p121870%2F Conclusion: the exposure to a low-level microwave irradiation suppressed puffing activity at ecdysone-inducible loci of Drosophila polythene chromosomes, increased frequency of dominant lethal mutations and decreased Drosophila viability but did not influence Drosophila fertility. Content Type Journal ArticlePages 1-7DOI 10.2478/s11535-011-0032-xAuthors Lyubov A. Shakina, Institute of Biology, Kharkiv National University, 61077 Kharkiv, UkraineVladimir N. Pasiuga, Institute of Biology, Kharkiv National University, 61077 Kharkiv, UkraineOlexandr M. Dumin, Institute of Biology, Kharkiv National University, 61077 Kharkiv, UkraineYuriy G. Shckorbatov, Institute of Biology, Kharkiv National University, 61077 Kharkiv, Ukraine Journal Central European Journal of BiologyOnline ISSN 1... Central European Journal of Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4779636 Sat, 30 Apr 2011 05:55:45 +0100 4779636 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4779637&cid=s_35900_62_f&fid=35900&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fh1184h728585834n%2F Abstract   Daedaleopsis confragosa belong to a large and remarkable group of mushrooms called polypores. This type of mushroom could be easily said to be quite unexplored and unused when it comes to its antioxidant properties. Thus, in order to evaluate its antioxidant activity, the investigation had to include the total phenolics and flavonoide content, the content of Selenium, the content of Zinc, the scavenging capacity on DPPH· and OH· radicals, reducing power and capacity to remove lipid peroxidation. The investigated mushroom extract contained 54.17 mg GAE/g of total phenols and 48.46 mg CE/g of total flavonoides. Zinc and Selenium were detected and quantified by using inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy. The scavenging activity of the radicals was found to... Central European Journal of Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4779637 Sat, 30 Apr 2011 05:55:43 +0100 4779637 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4779638&cid=s_35900_62_f&fid=35900&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F31q2814u47712764%2F Abstract  In diabetic retinopathy (DR) and other angiogenesis-associated diseases, increased levels of cytokines, inflammatory cells, and angiogenic factors are present. We investigated the hypothesis that rs2243250 polymorphism of the interleukin 4 (IL-4) gene or rs1800896 polymorphism of the interleukin 10 (IL-10) gene, and rs3212227 polymorphism of the 3’ untranslated region (3’ UTR) of the interleukin-12 p40 gene (IL12B) may be associated with the development of proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) in Caucasians with type 2 diabetes (DM2). This cross sectional case — control study included 189 patients with PDR and 187 patients with type 2 diabetes without PDR. Polymorphisms rs1800896 of the IL-10 gene, rs2243250 of the IL-4 gene, and rs3212227 of IL12B gene were... Central European Journal of Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4779638 Wed, 27 Apr 2011 08:46:08 +0100 4779638 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4779639&cid=s_35900_62_f&fid=35900&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fj53k776086210815%2F Abstract  Matrix metalloproteinases play a crucial role in the remodelling of the extracellular matrix through direct degradation of its structural proteins and control of extracellular signalling. The most common cause of ischemic brain damage is an atherothrombotic lesion in the supplying arteries. The progress of the atherosclerotic plaque development and the related thrombotic complications are mediated in part by matrix metalloproteinases. In addition to their role in the underlying disease, various members of this protease family are upregulated in the acute phase of ischemic brain damage as well as in the post-ischemic brain recovery following stroke. This review summarizes the current understanding of the matrix metalloproteinase-related molecular events at three st... Central European Journal of Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4779639 Wed, 27 Apr 2011 08:46:07 +0100 4779639 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4779640&cid=s_35900_62_f&fid=35900&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F21486r58160r2r67%2F Abstract  Five sessile oak [Quercus petraea (Matt.) Liebl.] stands from the Czech Republic were studied to learn about the impact of different types of forest management regimes on the genetic differences among tree populations and on population structures. One population had not been markedly affected by human activity, two populations represented unplanted stands that were extensively managed for a long period of time using the coppice system, and two populations were planted stands. Approximately 100 trees from each stand were mapped and subsequently genotyped using 10 nuclear microsatellite loci. We determined the spatial genetic structure of each population and the genetic differentiation among the populations. We found that: (i) the populations were genetically differe... Central European Journal of Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4779640 Wed, 27 Apr 2011 08:46:05 +0100 4779640 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4779641&cid=s_35900_62_f&fid=35900&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fg788ht7740726136%2F Abstract  Ethephon and Aventrol were used as tools to provoke the processes taking part in the formation of rape seed yield and quality. Investigations on spring rape (Brassica napus L.) cultivars ‘Terra’ and ‘Landmark’ were carried out from 2008–2010. Ethephon (10 mM) and Aventrol (1 l/ha — pinolene 960 g/l) were used on different plant growth stages: BBCH-62–64 and BBCH-72–74, BBCH-80–82, respectively. Impact of ethephon manifested itself as activation of ethylene evocation by siliqua and a slight activation of growth of siliqua dehiscence zone. Siliqua cell plasmalemma and tonoplast H+-ATPases activation under the influence of ethephon occurred but did not lead to the destruction of transmembrane electrochemical potential. Extra seed yield and crude fat ... Central European Journal of Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4779641 Wed, 27 Apr 2011 08:46:02 +0100 4779641 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4752869&cid=s_35900_62_f&fid=35900&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F434533671851h787%2F Abstract  Currently most of the applications of silver nanoparticles are in antibacterial/antifungal agents in medicine and biotechnology, textile engineering, water treatment and silver-based consumer products. However, the effects of silver nanoparticles on human body, especially on the central nervous system, are still unclear. To study the mechanisms underlying the effects of silverpoly(amidehydroxyurethane) coated silver nanoparticles on brain functions, we subjected male Wistar rats to chronic treatments with silver-29 nm (5 µg/kg and 10 µg/kg) and silver-23 nm (5 µg/kg and 10 µg/kg) nanoparticles for 7 days. We evaluated the effects of nanoparticles size and structure on rat memory function. Memory processes were studied by means of two cognitive tasks (Y-maze and ... Central European Journal of Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4752869 Thu, 21 Apr 2011 06:21:57 +0100 4752869 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4752870&cid=s_35900_62_f&fid=35900&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fk8012t664224q70m%2F Abstract  The aim of this study was to assess the combined effect of substrate acidity (pH 4.8; pH 3.8) and 1 kJm−2d−1 UV-B radiation on photosynthesis and growth of radishes (Raphanus sativus L.). Radishes were sown in a neutral pH 6.5 peat substrate. When the second true leaf unfolded, the growth substrate was acidified using different concentration of H2SO4 and exposed to UV-B radiation for a period of ten days. Gas exchange parameters were measured with the LI-6400 portable photosynthesis system. Content of chlorophyll was evaluated spectrophotometrically. The results showed that the greatest inhibition of net photosynthesis was observed when radishes were grown in an acidified pH 3.8 substrate. The decrease of the photosynthesis of radish plants treated with both inv... Central European Journal of Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4752870 Thu, 21 Apr 2011 06:21:56 +0100 4752870 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4752871&cid=s_35900_62_f&fid=35900&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F3q5612m5p3101355%2F Abstract  Effects of the hormones of the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis on some basic parameters of the activity of protein C anticoagulation pathway in rats are studied. Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (0.06 mg/kg body mass), thyrotropin (1 IU/kg), triiodothyronine (T3) (0.08 mg/kg), thyroxine (T4) (0.08 mg/kg), administered subcutaneously for three consecutive days on four different groups of rats increased significantly activated protein C, free protein S and protein S activity, and reduced the soluble endothelial protein C receptor. Protein C antigen and total protein S were significantly elevated only by thyrotropin-releasing hormone and thyroid-stimulating hormone, but they were not affected by T3 and T4 treatment. The data indicate the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroi... Central European Journal of Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4752871 Thu, 21 Apr 2011 06:21:55 +0100 4752871 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4744634&cid=s_35900_62_f&fid=35900&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fd284m5x4w1298069%2F Abstract  The abundance and the biodiversity of summer zooplankton in the waters of the Drawa drainage (NW Poland) were studied, as was their relation to selected environmental conditions. The conditions upstream, especially in the outlets of lakes, did not affect the zooplankton communities downstream. This was also true of tributaries which had no influence on the shape of the zooplankton communities in the main river. The number of zooplankton in the outlets of eutrophic lakes was greater than in those of mesotrophic lakes. Increased vegetation cover significantly affected mainly the crustacean communities of zooplankton. Larger amounts of zooplankton were observed in rivers where the riparian zone was not covered with vegetation, but this difference was not significant.... Central European Journal of Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4744634 Sat, 16 Apr 2011 05:52:29 +0100 4744634 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4722884&cid=s_35900_62_f&fid=35900&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F31066p01n5477715%2F Abstract  The study examines the patches of the saltwater association Ranunculetum baudotii in a new, atypical site; i.e., located more than 400 km away from the Baltic coastal line. They were found in a karst spring, and were the first locality of the community identified in Poland. The water and sediments within the patches were analyzed chemically in the laboratory, but, conductivity, water temperature and O2 content were measured in the field. The spring was determined to be a relatively stable aquatic habitat, with a typical chemical composition of subterranean water (a prevalence of hydro-carbonate, calcium and magnesium ions), and rich, e.g., in nitrogen and phosphorus, and disturbed due to increasing anthropopressure. It revealed that the community analyzed favours ha... Central European Journal of Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4722884 Thu, 14 Apr 2011 17:00:19 +0100 4722884 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4675874&cid=s_35900_62_f&fid=35900&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fb826878w76338771%2F Abstract  The ability of Nepeta rtanjensis essential oil to inhibit conidia germination of fungi was evaluated in vitro. Tested fungi included in research were Cladosporium cladosporioides, Trichoderma viride and two Alternaria species originally isolated from N. rtanjensis. The conidia of Cladosporium cladosporioides were most susceptible to the N. rtanjensis essential oil treatment, and the oil concentration of 0.1 µg ml−1 caused the maximum of conidia germination inhibition. The highest concentration used in experiment that caused the maximum of conidia germination inhibition was 0.6 µg ml−1 for Alternaria isolated from leaf surface of N. rtanjensis. The germ tube elongation of Alternaria isolates significantly decreased in response of different concentrations of oil us... Central European Journal of Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4675874 Thu, 31 Mar 2011 17:39:14 +0100 4675874 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4682719&cid=s_35900_62_f&fid=35900&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F2p5r066781304388%2F Abstract  The ecological requirements and biology of the Tetrigidae are almost unknown. The aim of the present work is to contribute to the knowledge of Tetrix bolivari, one of the least studied species of European Tetrigidae, by investigating its seasonal and daily activity, food biology, and vibratory communication. Adults of T. bolivari were found from March to September, with the greatest number of detections occurring between May and August. Based on the study of the daily activity patterns, most activities were positively correlated with temperature and negatively correlated with relative humidity. Detritus and mosses were the main components of the diet, with the most frequently consumed mosses being Bryum caespiticium and Bryum argenteum. Substrate-borne vibrational ... Central European Journal of Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4682719 Thu, 31 Mar 2011 17:39:12 +0100 4682719 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4675875&cid=s_35900_62_f&fid=35900&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fa83k2171n52tr730%2F Abstract  Although the physiological and molecular mechanisms of flower development and senescence have been extensively investigated, a whole-flower partitioning study of mineral concentrations has not been carried out. In this work, the distribution of sucrose, total reducing sugars, dry and fresh weight and macro and micronutrients were analysed in Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L. petals, stylestigma including stamens and ovary at different developmental stages (bud, open and senescent flowers). Total reducing sugars showed the highest value in petals of bud flowers, then fell during the later stages of flower development whereas sucrose showed the highest value in petals of senescent flowers. In petals, nitrogen and phosphorus content increased during flower opening, then nitro... Central European Journal of Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4675875 Thu, 31 Mar 2011 17:39:12 +0100 4675875 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4682720&cid=s_35900_62_f&fid=35900&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F107641746q056567%2F Abstract  In the course of season 2010 (May–September), three 2-day trappings of female mosquitoes were carried out at two sites in order to determine the daily activity of the common mosquito species (e.g. species from genus Culex, Aedes, Ochlerotatus, Anopheles, etc.) in the area. CDC light traps filled with CO2 and placed at a height of 1 m were used to trap individuals, and were sampled every 2 h. A total of 19,604 female mosquitoes from 20 identifiable species were trapped: 7,549 at Sedlec and 12,055 at Kančí obora. The activity of the major species of mosquitoes in South Moravia differed throughout the course of the day. Calamity species of the genus Aedes and Ochlerotatus remained active throughout the day and night, but with different course. Aedes vexans, Ae. cine... Central European Journal of Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4682720 Thu, 31 Mar 2011 17:39:10 +0100 4682720 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4682721&cid=s_35900_62_f&fid=35900&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F837l621822133053%2F Abstract  A number of herbal plants from Romania widely used as natural food additives or for health promotion in traditional medicine were investigated for their antioxidant activity. Methanol extracts were obtained from plants belonging to the Lamiaceae family (lavender Lavandula angustifolia L.; lemon balm Melissa officinalis; sage Salvia officinalis; oregano Origanum vulgare L.; rosemary Rosmarinus officinalis L.; thyme Thymus vulgaris L.; mullein Verbascum phlomoides; mint Mentha longifolia), Clusiaceae family (St John’s wort Hypericum perforatum L.), and Compositae family (elecampane Inula helenium). Total phenolic concentration was determined using the Folin-Ciocalteu phenol reagent method, while total flavonoids were measured using the aluminium chloride colorimetric ... Central European Journal of Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4682721 Thu, 31 Mar 2011 17:39:09 +0100 4682721 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4663160&cid=s_35900_62_f&fid=35900&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fh248271th23p06g5%2F Abstract  The aim of this study was to assess the effects of 2-weeks’ X-ray and/or nonylphenol (NP) exposure on male mice’s sperm count and quality. Pzh:SFIS mice were exposed to X-rays (0.05 Gy, 0.10 Gy, 0.20 Gy) or to nonylphenol (25 mg/kg bw, 50 mg/kg bw, 100 mg/kg bw) or to both agents (0.05 Gy + 25 mg/kg bw NP, 0.10 Gy + 50 mg/kg bw NP). At 24 h and 5 weeks after the end of exposure the sperm count, morphology and frequency of DNA damage in the male germ cells were estimated. Each agent alone diminished sperm count and morphology. The dose of 0.05 Gy of X-rays decreased the frequency of DNA damage. Combined exposure to lower doses of both agents significantly improved sperm morphology and decreased the level of DNA damage compared to one agent alone. Combined expos... Central European Journal of Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4663160 Tue, 29 Mar 2011 17:32:34 +0100 4663160 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4559275&cid=s_35900_62_f&fid=35900&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fl8h8857k110107l0%2F Abstract   Hieracium pilosella L. (Asteraceae) is a well-known plant used in ethno-medicine as its inflorescences are particularly rich in beneficial polyphenolics. This research aimed to elucidate the structure of a new flavone glycoside isolated from the inflorescences of Hieracium pilosella and evaluate its antioxidant, antimicrobial and antiproliferative activities. The chromatographic methods were successfully applied to isolate the new flavonoid. Its structure was determined by subsequent UV, NMR and MS experiments and identified as isoetin 4′-O-β-D-glucopyranoside. Free radical scavenging capacity was examined by measuring the scavenging activity of the new isoetin derivative on 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH). The compound was also screened for spectrum of an... Central European Journal of Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4559275 Fri, 04 Mar 2011 11:04:49 +0100 4559275 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4559277&cid=s_35900_62_f&fid=35900&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fu71708j136616232%2F Abstract  The use of both morphological and molecular methods has allowed a fast and reliable species assignment of a fish that local fishermen with over thirty years of experience had never seen before. The identified species, Schedophilus medusophagus, is rare along Italian coasts, and this is the first documented record in the Central Tyrrhenian Sea for over 35 years. Its abundance should be evaluated on a continuous basis, as it might reflect biological consequences of environmental and climatic change. The mitochondrial sequences obtained in this study constitute a useful molecular tag for future research and may contribute to the phylogenetic debate on the status of the genus Schedophilus, of which S. medusophagus is the type species. Based on the existing literature, t... Central European Journal of Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4559277 Fri, 04 Mar 2011 11:04:48 +0100 4559277 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4559276&cid=s_35900_62_f&fid=35900&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F4600873157546226%2F This study demonstrates the usefulness of potato lectin and marigold extracts to increase EPCs proliferation and modulate gene expression of chemotactic and adhesion molecules, which may facilitate EPCs attachment to injured endothelium. Content Type Journal ArticlePages 1-12DOI 10.2478/s11535-011-0018-8Authors Florin Iordache, Cell Therapy and Flow Cytometry Department, Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology “Nicolae Simionescu”, 050568 Bucharest, RomaniaCarmen Iordache, BCG Department, National Institute for Research and Development in Microbiology and Immunology “Cantacuzino”, 050096 Bucharest, RomaniaAneta Pop, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agronomical Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 050097 Bucharest, ... Central European Journal of Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4559276 Fri, 04 Mar 2011 11:04:48 +0100 4559276 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4539994&cid=s_35900_62_f&fid=35900&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F2u004003r101h623%2F Abstract  The aim of this work was to investigate the antimicrobial properties of thyme essential oil against clinical multiresistant strains of Acinetobacter spp. The antibacterial activity of oil was tested against standard and clinical bacterial strains of Acinetobacter genus. The agar diffusion method was used to check the inhibition of microbial growth at various concentrations of the oil from Thymus vulgaris. Susceptibility testing to antibiotics and chemotherapeutics was prepared using the disc-diffusion method. Identification of bacterial strains was carried out with the Vitek system and confirmed by PCR for Acinetobacter baumanii gyrB gene. The results of experiments showed that the oil from T. vulgaris exhibited an extremely strong activity against all of the clinica... Central European Journal of Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4539994 Sat, 26 Feb 2011 15:18:50 +0100 4539994 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4539995&cid=s_35900_62_f&fid=35900&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fc71217n3l733306r%2F Abstract  This paper brings out the results of the study on the levels of selected trace elements (Cu, Fe, Mn, Zn and Cr) in aerial parts of Thymus pannonicus All. (Lamiaceae) and rhizosphere soil from twelve locations in Serbia. Prior to assays by flame and flameless atomic absorption spectrometry, samples were subjected to microwave-assisted acid digestion. Real and potential acidity of soil samples were also measured. Obtained results for soil samples, although slightly higher for some elements (Cu: 12.38–45.18 mg/kg; Fe: 22102–46193 mg/kg; Mn: 776.95–4901.27 mg/kg; Zn: 62.27–214.02 mg/kg; Cr: 48.86–69.13 mg/kg), were found to fit into biogeochemical background. Element contents in plant samples differed depending on collecting site (Cu: 5.26–14.07 mg/kg; Fe: ... Central European Journal of Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4539995 Fri, 25 Feb 2011 17:17:15 +0100 4539995 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4539996&cid=s_35900_62_f&fid=35900&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fa3h06h1n61328641%2F Abstract  The complexity of the oral environment and ethical issues have prompted the development of an in vitro bacterial model to evaluate the effect of frequency of sucrose exposure on dentin caries formation, biofilm composition, and pH changes. In the experiment, dentin specimens (n=45) were randomly divided into four groups: control (C), negative control (0S), 3S (three sucrose baths), and 6S (six sucrose baths). The specimens then were inoculated with Streptococcus mutans and treated according to the protocol described below. Dentin demineralization and lesion depth were assessed by transverse microradiography. Extracellular polysaccharides that formed in the biofilm were analyzed and counts of microorganisms in the carious dentin were measured. After a 7-day period of... Central European Journal of Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4539996 Thu, 24 Feb 2011 08:00:27 +0100 4539996 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4511615&cid=s_35900_62_f&fid=35900&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fh4651p14t0542446%2F Abstract  Corticosterone — product of 11-β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type I (11βHSD1) stimulates adipocytes differentiation and activates lipogenic enzymes gene expression in white adipose tissue (WAT) of rats. The aim of the study was to examine the effect of chronic food restriction, often practised by obese individuals trying to lose body mass, on: a) 11βHSD1 gene expression, b) expression of genes associated with adipocyte differentiation (PPARg, SREBP-1, adiponectin), and c) expression of genes associated with lipogenesis in WAT of rats. Two-month old rats were divided into a control and a food restricted group obtaining 50% of food consumed by controls for 30 days. mRNA levels of studied genes in perirenal WAT were analysed by real-time PCR. 11βHSD1 and lipog... Central European Journal of Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4511615 Sun, 20 Feb 2011 06:43:33 +0100 4511615 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4511614&cid=s_35900_62_f&fid=35900&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fr7h5555375476406%2F In this study we recorded vibratory signals emitted by Picromerus bidens L. on a non-resonant substrate and investigated their frequency characteristics. Males and females produced signals by vibration of the abdomen and tremulation. The female and male songs produced by abdominal vibrations showed gender-specific time structure. There were no differences in the temporal patterns of male or female tremulatory signals. The signals produced by abdominal vibrations were emitted below 600 Hz whereas tremulatory signals had frequency ranges extending up to 4 kHz. Spectra of male vibratory signals produced by abdominal vibrations contained different peaks, each of which may be dominant within the same song sequence. Males alternated with each other during production of rivalry signals, usin... Central European Journal of Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4511614 Sun, 20 Feb 2011 06:43:33 +0100 4511614 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4501069&cid=s_35900_62_f&fid=35900&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fh00883v2810w2l8p%2F In this study a successful ex vitro rooting protocol tested on seven olive cultivars is reported. The explants of cv. Maurino were collected from fifth, sixth, and seventh proliferative subcultures carried out on MSM medium, while for the other cultivars the explants were collected from only seventh proliferative subculture. Continuous light during the rooting phase was a prerequisite for the success of the ex vitro protocol. The best source of microshoots for a high rooting percentage was the seventh proliferative subculture. Cvs. Coratina, Maremmano, Maurino, Picholine, and S. Francesco showed high rooting percentages with a range of 62–76%; whereas for cvs. Correggiolo and Frantoio the experimental conditions need to be optimised. Up to 90% of the rooted microplants survived, an... Central European Journal of Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4501069 Thu, 17 Feb 2011 06:55:14 +0100 4501069 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4494368&cid=s_35900_62_f&fid=35900&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fj224m56jv83n3858%2F Abstract  Of great interest in developing artificial bone is the incorporation of magnesium (Mg) ions into the ceramic lattice in order to improve the physico-chemical and structural properties of the material and to increase its morphological affinity towards newly formed osseous tissue. In the present study, we evaluated the morphological and biological properties of composite scaffolds fabricated by mixing a nanopowder of Mg-substituted beta-tricalcium phosphate with collagen type I in two dry weight ratios (variant I and II). We used biochemical methods, and electron and light microscopy to investigate their porosity, biodegradability and morphology. Osteoblast cell culture behavior in the presence of nanocomposite variants was also examined. Variant I scaffold presente... Central European Journal of Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4494368 Wed, 16 Feb 2011 06:57:44 +0100 4494368 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4494369&cid=s_35900_62_f&fid=35900&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fr54438078311360x%2F Abstract  Experiments were carried out on three bread wheat varieties, one barley and one durum wheat variety grown in pots in the phytotron and subjected to water withdrawal for 7 days during grain-filling. Leaf water loss, net assimilation rate and transpiration showed marked differences, allowing the genotypes to be ranked. Although the most resistant variety had the highest activity for ascorbate peroxidase (APX), catalase (CAT), glutathione reductase (GR) and glutathione-S-transferase (GST), which did not rise further in response to drought and the most susceptible variety had the lowest values, which increased to the greatest extent under drought, the level of sensitivity could not be predicted for all the genotypes from the enzyme activity values alone. The largest i... Central European Journal of Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4494369 Wed, 16 Feb 2011 06:57:43 +0100 4494369 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4494370&cid=s_35900_62_f&fid=35900&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fh572557p48r0ht40%2F Abstract  The STOREKEEPER (STK) family of DNA-binding proteins work as transcription factors and the ectopic expression of two stk-like genes from Arabidopsis thaliana, stk01 (At1g61730) and stk03 (At4g00238), in tobacco increased the number of vegetative internodes and promoted plant and leaf size, stem diameter and sturdiness. The development of these plants started with rosette formation while pronounced shoot elongation and flowering was delayed. Moreover, when the STK01 and STK03 proteins were fused to the Herpes Simplex Virus VP16 transcriptional activation domain and expressed in tobacco the vigorous storekeeper-phenotype did not appear indicating that transgenic STK-like proteins in part worked as repressors of tobacco reproductive development. Furthermore, Yeast Two-... Central European Journal of Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4494370 Wed, 16 Feb 2011 06:57:42 +0100 4494370 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4861134&cid=s_35900_62_f&fid=35900&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fy710893681916433%2F Abstract  The aim of the study was to characterize the 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) degradative potential of three bacterial strains identified by MIDI-FAME profiling as Burkholderia cepacia (DS-1), Pseudomonas sp. (DS-2) and Sphingomonas paucimobilis (DS-3) isolated from soil with herbicide treatment history. All strains were capable of using herbicide as the only source of carbon and energy when grown in mineral salt medium (MSM) containing 2,4-D (50 mg/l). Over a 10 day incubation period, 69%, 73% and 54% of the initial dose of 2,4-D were degraded by strains DS-1, DS-2 and DS-3, respectively. Analysis of 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP) concentration, the main metabolite of 2,4-D degradation, revealed that strains DS-1 and DS-2 may also have the potential to metabol... Central European Journal of Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4861134 Fri, 04 Feb 2011 09:39:45 +0100 4861134 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4441657&cid=s_35900_62_f&fid=35900&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F8640u505623h4l87%2F Abstract  The diets of small mammals in different hemiboreal spruce-dominated, oak-dominated and mixed forests in western part of Lithuania were studied by examination of fungal spores in fresh fecal pellets of caught animals. In the diets of mice (Apodemus spp.), bank voles (Myodes glareolus), and common and pygmy shrews (Sorex araneus and S. minutus), 22 different fungal taxa were identified, 15 of which were hypogeous fungi. The sporocarp abundance and the spores in fecal samples of Elaphomyces fungi prevailed in study area during this investigation. Although most of the captured individuals consumed fungi, the consumption varied among small mammal species. The data show that the fungi were more frequent and taxonomically diverse in Myodes glareolus than in Apodemus spp. di... Central European Journal of Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4441657 Thu, 03 Feb 2011 07:07:27 +0100 4441657 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4428398&cid=s_35900_62_f&fid=35900&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F4q757xvq26411hn8%2F Abstract  Holm oak (Quercus ilex L.), a typical evergreen tree of the Mediterranean area, is very important due to its ecological and economical values. Propagation of this species is extremely difficult and traditionally carried out only by seed germination. In this work, mature acorns were germinated in vitro and in peat substrate in aseptic and non-aseptic conditions. Explants from the seedlings obtained were propagated in vitro in WPM plus 4 µM BA. Plant regeneration was achieved from hypocotyls and root segments cultured in vitro on modified Gamborg medium plus 20 µM BA and 20 µM NAA. 13.8% of the hypocotyls and approximately 30% of the root segments developed both shoots and roots after 30 days of culture. Rooting of stem segments was obtained both in vitro and ex vit... Central European Journal of Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4428398 Fri, 28 Jan 2011 20:43:32 +0100 4428398 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4428399&cid=s_35900_62_f&fid=35900&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fu121712187808112%2F Abstract  Genetic analysis of resistance to infectious disease reveals many important cues that have led to new insights into the interaction between pathogen and host. This knowledge might help with a better prognosis for diseases, and to the development of novel therapeutics. This review focuses on genes and loci that control susceptibility to diseases with an important epidemiologic impact, such as AIDS, hepatitis B, gastritis and peptic ulcer, tuberculosis, leprosy, malaria, schistosomiasis and leishmaniasis. New perspectives for the integration of human and mouse genetics that contribute greatly to our understanding of regulatory mechanisms in health and disease, are also discussed. Content Type Journal ArticlePages 1-14DOI 10.2478/s11535-011-0003-2Authors Taťá... Central European Journal of Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4428399 Fri, 28 Jan 2011 20:43:31 +0100 4428399 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4411041&cid=s_35900_62_f&fid=35900&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F46q2743162445681%2F In conclusion, the quality characteristics of kiwifruit wine made from over-ripened fruit treated with pectinase showed higher values of wine in many aspects such as sensory value, alcohol and total phenolics content, antioxidant activity, minerals and production yield. Content Type Journal ArticlePages 1-11DOI 10.2478/s11535-010-0118-xAuthors Korsak Towantakavanit, Regional Crop Research Institute, Mokpo National University, 534-729 Muan, South KoreaYong Seo Park, Department of Horticultural Science, College of Natural Science, Mokpo National University, 534-729 Muan, South KoreaShela Gorinstein, The Institute for Drug Research, The Hebrew University — Hadassah Medical School, School of Pharmacy, 91120 Jerusalem, Israel Journal Central European Journal of BiologyOnline I... Central European Journal of Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4411041 Tue, 25 Jan 2011 23:35:45 +0100 4411041 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4411042&cid=s_35900_62_f&fid=35900&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fbx290q7151043424%2F In conclusion, the choice of solvent is related to the antioxidant potential of fruit and depends on the food hydrophilic/lipophilic composition. Content Type Journal ArticlePages 1-6DOI 10.2478/s11535-010-0113-2Authors Annamaria Leccese, Sant’Anna School for Advanced Studies, 56127 Pisa, ItalyRaffaella Viti, Department of Trees Science, Entomology and Plant Patology ‘G. Scaramuzzi’, University of Pisa, 56124 Pisa, ItalySusanna Bartolini, Sant’Anna School for Advanced Studies, 56127 Pisa, Italy Journal Central European Journal of BiologyOnline ISSN 1644-3632Print ISSN 1895-104X (Source: Central European Journal of Biology) Central European Journal of Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4411042 Tue, 25 Jan 2011 23:35:44 +0100 4411042 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4411043&cid=s_35900_62_f&fid=35900&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F3j935r36v1303388%2F Abstract  Esca is a destructive disease of the woody tissues of grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) and due to the complexity of disease many aspects of host-pathogen interactions are not clearly understood. The histological characteristics of esca symptomatic petioles and internodes, collected from Cabernet Sauvignon and Sangiovese grapevine were studied. The tissues were fixed in FAA, dehydrated and embedded in Histoplast. To identify the lignified cell walls the sections were stained by Crystal violet and Erythrosin B and observed using an optical microscope. The main feature of tissues infected by esca disease was the minor lignification of vascular tissues, which was observed in petiole tissues before appearance of esca symptoms. The opportunity to utilize the histological ex... Central European Journal of Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4411043 Tue, 25 Jan 2011 23:35:43 +0100 4411043 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4411044&cid=s_35900_62_f&fid=35900&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fj3p9v10x5007xgg6%2F Abstract  The melanocortin 4 receptor (MC4R) is involved in the regulation of energy homeostasis and is known as one of the major hypothalamic regulators of food intake. Several studies have shown that replacement of aspartic acid at position 126 of the MC4R abolishes the ligand binding. We used the modified yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain MMY28 to functionally express the MC4R and characterise the importance of this amino acid for ligand based activation of the receptor. The efficiency of the functional expression system was estimated by activation with αMSH, ACTH and THIQ and compared with cAMP response in mammalian cells. We generated the library of MC4R mutants randomised at the amino acid position 126. Recombinant MC4R clones were screened for the αMSH induced a... Central European Journal of Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4411044 Tue, 25 Jan 2011 23:35:42 +0100 4411044 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4404881&cid=s_35900_62_f&fid=35900&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fx78034u430884324%2F Abstract  Serpentine substrate in Serbia covers wide areas mainly in Kosovo and in central, western and south-western part of the country. On the serpentines of Serbia, particularly on the skeleton soils of hills and on lower elevation mountain slopes, there are some xerophilous and steppe-like vegetations. These xerophilous grasslands include mostly Pontic, Pontic-Submediterranean and/or Mediterranean-Submediterranean-Pontic plants. The distribution of 161 taxa of Pontic, Pontic-Submediterranean and Mediterranean-Submediterranean-Pontic areal — types on serpentinites of Serbia was analyzed in order to distinguish centers of richness and diversity. The distribution of taxa was analyzed with respect to geographic, ecological and climatic factors. The qualitative composition... Central European Journal of Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4404881 Fri, 21 Jan 2011 15:32:29 +0100 4404881 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4404884&cid=s_35900_62_f&fid=35900&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fd517774303611388%2F Abstract  In a field experiment, the transfer of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from contaminated soil to maize (Zea mays L.), sunflower (Helianthus annuus), poplar (Populus nigra × P. maximowiczii) and willow (Salix × smithiana) and the distribution of PCB congeners in maize and sunflower was investigated. The former waste incinerator in Hradec Králové (Czech Republic) was chosen for the experiment. Results of plot screening showed heterogenous contamination by PCBs and PAHs. PCB soil contamination was evidently caused by Delor 106 or Aroclor 1260 stocking and PAH contamination by chemicals containing fluoranthene, benzo/b/fluoranthene, phenanthrene and pyrene. Tested plants were planted on a contaminated field site, in soil ... Central European Journal of Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4404884 Fri, 21 Jan 2011 15:32:27 +0100 4404884 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4404883&cid=s_35900_62_f&fid=35900&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fmn0615672m3kt222%2F Abstract  Arthropods are very important organisms in the environment in relation to transmission of pathogenic infections to humans. The information on transmission of pathogenic infections to people by commercially offered food arthropods is scant. Consumption of seafood is a very popular dietary habit around the world. Whereas shrimp are the most commonly consumed seafood item, crabmeat has recently become a very popular commercial product, specifically for a majority of European countries. The transmission of waterborne protozoan parasites is facilitated by consumption of seafood harvested from contaminated waters, drinking water or via contact with recreational and surface waters, and remains common throughout the developing as well as the developed world. Protozoan inf... Central European Journal of Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4404883 Fri, 21 Jan 2011 15:32:27 +0100 4404883 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4404882&cid=s_35900_62_f&fid=35900&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fw536617r33131n06%2F Abstract  Comparative analysis of algal communities in the rivers of Israel was completed to highlight the influence of environmental variables on biodiversity. The study revealed that 671 species of algae and cyanobacteria belonging to nine taxonomic divisions were present during 2002–2009 in the Yarqon, Alexander, Hadera, Qishon, Oren, Lower and Upper Jordan, and Zin rivers. The species richness of each river was evaluated by taxonomic structural comparison, geobotanical, hierarchical cluster analysis, and the degree of relatedness for different levels of taxonomic resolution. The analysis revealed close similarity of the Upper Jordan and Oren rivers. The average taxonomic distinctness index showed that the Yarqon, Oren, Upper Jordan, and Qishon communities were partly ... Central European Journal of Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4404882 Fri, 21 Jan 2011 15:32:27 +0100 4404882 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4381951&cid=s_35900_62_f&fid=35900&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fe4438738w2172v1t%2F Abstract   Pueraria lobata (kudzu) is an invasive weed originating from East Asia. Local infestations have been recently observed in Switzerland and northern Italy; however, the potential for P. lobata to spread and to become abundant and damaging in the Alpine countries is not known. The aim of this study was to project the potential distribution of P. lobata under current climate in Switzerland, Austria and Slovenia and parts of northern Italy using the ecoclimatic model CLIMEX. In addition, areas at risk were identified where P. lobata may occur as a strong and aggressive competitor. This was derived from the plants’ distribution and climatic requirements in the south-eastern United States where the heaviest infestations occur. Projections show that 60.84% of the total ... Central European Journal of Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4381951 Tue, 18 Jan 2011 19:38:14 +0100 4381951 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4381952&cid=s_35900_62_f&fid=35900&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fc2r084333x683442%2F Abstract  Counter-adaptations of predators towards their prey are a far less investigated phenomenon in predator-prey interactions. Caudal autotomy is generally considered an effective last-resort mechanism for evading predators. However, in victim-exploiter relationships, the efficacy of a strategy will obviously depend on the antagonist’s ability to counter it. In the logic of the predator-prey arms race, one would expect predators to develop attack strategies that minimize the chance of autotomy of the prey and damage on the predator. We tested whether avian predators preferred grasping lizards by their head. We constructed plasticine models of the Italian wall lizard (Podarcis sicula) and placed them in natural habitat of the species. Judging from counts of beak marks ... Central European Journal of Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4381952 Tue, 18 Jan 2011 19:38:12 +0100 4381952 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4376964&cid=s_35900_62_f&fid=35900&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F5k18888k24668075%2F This study investigated the antifungal activity of recently isolated, synthesized and characterized antimicrobial α-helical amphipathic peptides (12–18 amino acids long) from the venom of hymenoptera (melectin, lasioglossins I, II, and III, halictines I and II) as well as a whole series of synthetic analogs. The minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) against different Candida species (C. albicans, C. krusei, C. glabrata, C. tropicalis and C. parapsilosis) of the natural peptides amounted to 4–20 µM (7–40 mg/l). The most active were the synthetic analog all-D-lasioglossin III and lasioglossin III analog KNWKK-Aib-LGK-Aib-IK-Aib-VK-NH2. As shown using a) colony forming unit determination on agar plates, b) the efflux of the dye from rhodamine 6B-loaded cells, c) propidium iodi... Central European Journal of Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4376964 Mon, 17 Jan 2011 20:38:32 +0100 4376964 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4376963&cid=s_35900_62_f&fid=35900&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fm1v18576j0r27111%2F Abstract  Propolis has been used in traditional folk medicine for ages owing to a number of biological effects. Four propolis samples of Czech and one of Slovak origin were extracted using Soxhlet apparatus and analysed by thin-layer chromatography. Raw propolis samples and their extracts were tested by microdilution broth method to determine minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) in eight strains of human pathogenic fungi. Raw propolis samples showed a lower in vitro antifungal activity than their extracts. In general, the petroleum ether extracts exhibited the highest in vitro antifungal activity (MIC range of 16–64 µg/ml). The content of flavonoids in the samples varied according to region. The highest amount of flavonoids was found in sample A that originated from Brou... Central European Journal of Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4376963 Mon, 17 Jan 2011 20:38:32 +0100 4376963 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4376966&cid=s_35900_62_f&fid=35900&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fl452m6673521v009%2F Abstract  Bryophytes are abundant in streams and are a habitat for many invertebrates, but their contribution to the diet of fluvial zoobenthos is still debated. To estimate the amount of bryophyte-derived organic matter assimilated by benthic invertebrates, we used a combination of fatty acid and stable isotope analyses during a four-year monthly study of a littoral site in the Yenisei River (Siberia, Russia). Acetylenic acids, which are highly specific biomarkers of the water moss Fontinalis antipyretica, were found in lipids of all dominant benthic animals: gammarids, ephemeropterans, chironomids and trichopterans. The dominant zoobenthic species, Eulimnogammarus viridis, had maximum levels of the biomarkers in its biomass during winter, and minimum levels in summer. The z... Central European Journal of Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4376966 Mon, 17 Jan 2011 20:38:31 +0100 4376966 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4376965&cid=s_35900_62_f&fid=35900&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fv7k7176l33rt4r61%2F Abstract  Asian sea bass immunoglobulin M (IgM) was purified from the sera of Lates calcarifer by affinity chromatography. Analysis of the purified IgM on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) under reducing and non-reducing conditions revealed that the sea bass IgM was a tetrameric protein with a molecular weight of 896 kDa; it contained an equimolar heavy chain and light chain with molecular weight of 83 kDa and 27 kDa respectively. However, besides the covalently linked tetrameric IgM, noncovalently linked tetramer dissociated into dimeric and monomeric forms also demonstrated by non-reducing SDS-PAGE. Carbohydrate moieties were found to be linked with both heavy and light chains. A polyclonal rabbit anti-Asian sea bass IgM was prepared whic... Central European Journal of Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4376965 Mon, 17 Jan 2011 20:38:31 +0100 4376965 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4376967&cid=s_35900_62_f&fid=35900&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F420048rgwx002301%2F Abstract  The majority of mammals are unable to digest lactose due to post-weaning deactivation of the LCT gene, which is responsible for encoding the enzyme lactase (i.e., adult-type hypolactasia). A substitution of C with T at position −13910 bp upstream of the LCT gene has been linked to the lactase persistence phenotype in European populations. We investigated the frequency of LCT-13910C>T polymorphism in 223 blood donors from central Poland. All samples were genotyped by polymerase chain reaction and direct sequencing. The LCT-13910 T allele (lactase persistence) was present in 51% of individuals sampled from the Polish population. We did not find any non-European variants associated with lactase persistence (LCT-13907C>G, LCT-13913T>C, LCT-13915T>G), or any... Central European Journal of Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4376967 Mon, 17 Jan 2011 20:38:30 +0100 4376967 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4202632&cid=s_35900_62_f&fid=35900&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fxgxj2l237p101513%2F This study is the first to analyze the relationship between ecological indices (substrate moisture, nutrient content, substrate dispersion/aeration, substrate pH and humus content) and life forms of the vascular flora in and around Lake Provala; these relationships may serve as reliable indicators of the ecological conditions prevailing in this ecosystem. Since the development of certain life forms, in addition to climatic conditions, depends on plant requirements for several major environmental factors expressed as ecological indices, we established the relationship between the ecological index and life form of vascular plants collected over an eight year period in this system using correspondence analysis. We found a significant correlation between the development of certain life f... Central European Journal of Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4202632 Tue, 23 Nov 2010 07:00:22 +0100 4202632 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4202633&cid=s_35900_62_f&fid=35900&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F6www070163548n1h%2F Abstract  Research on the feeding habits of mammalian carnivores relies mainly on the analysis of stomach contents and faecal samples, but the outcomes of these two methods have only been compared in a few studies, with contrasting conclusions. In an Alpine area of NW Italy, we analysed both fox faeces collected along standardised transects, and the stomach contents of road-killed individuals. Faecal analysis involved the identification of macroscopic fragments, the identification of earthworm chaetae, and the assessment of relative volumes using Kruuk and Parish’s technique. Use of both methods indicated that the diet of the red fox included mainly fruit and mammals, but quantitative differences emerged. Garbage, birds, and cultivated fruit were overrepresented in the sto... Central European Journal of Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4202633 Tue, 23 Nov 2010 07:00:20 +0100 4202633 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4178561&cid=s_35900_62_f&fid=35900&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fd6551858617x6227%2F Abstract  The present work represents the first karyological and molecular characterisation of Sphaerium solidum, a rare European clam. Specimens of S. solidum were collected in Lithuania and Hungary. The modal diploid chromosome number found in both populations was 2n=30. Small, biarmed B chromosomes were found in 42.3% of cells studied in clams from Lithuania and in 11.8% of cells in clams from Hungary. Comparative analysis revealed no significant (P<0.05) interspecific differences in chromosome morphology of S. solidum and that of previously studied S. corneum. DNA sequence analyses of S. solidum showed no interpopulation differences in ITS1; moreover, only one site was different from ITS1 of S. corneum. However, differences in mitochondrial 16S sequence of S. solidum wer... Central European Journal of Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4178561 Tue, 16 Nov 2010 19:30:50 +0100 4178561 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4178562&cid=s_35900_62_f&fid=35900&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F777q34208lj47574%2F Abstract   ACE (I/D), ACTN3 (R/X), PPARGC1A (Gly482Ser) and PPARA (G/C) polymorphisms have been linked to the success in power-oriented sports through the intermediate phenotypes. The study involved 193 Lithuanian elite athletes and 250 controls. The measured phenotypic variables included short-term explosive muscle power (STEMP) and anaerobic alactic maximum power (AAMP). ACE DD genotype was more common among endurance athletes compared to the power athletes. The ACTN3 genotype frequencies of the elite athletes differed from those of non-elite athletes; however, there were no differences among the athletes and the control group across the PPARGC1A Gly482Ser genotypes. The frequency of PPARA CC genotype increased with the growing skill level of athletes (non-elite 2%, sub-eli... Central European Journal of Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4178562 Mon, 15 Nov 2010 18:18:19 +0100 4178562 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4178564&cid=s_35900_62_f&fid=35900&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fdp13n78106q84062%2F Abstract  Reducing postprandial oxidative stress (OxS), decreasing postprandial blood triglyceride level (TG) and improving lipoprotein status is likely to have a preventive impact on the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Previously we have shown that the antioxidant probiotic Lactobacillus fermentum ME-3 (DSM14241) is characterized by antiatherogenic effects. This randomized double-blind placebo-controlled study evaluated the influence of kefir enriched with an antioxidative probiotic L. fermentum ME-3 (LfKef) on postprandial OxS, blood TG response and lipoprotein status. 100 clinically healthy subjects were recruited into the study. Blood parameters of postprandial OxS, TG and lipoprotein status were determined by oxidized LDL, baseline diene conjugation in LDL ... Central European Journal of Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4178564 Mon, 15 Nov 2010 18:18:17 +0100 4178564 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4178563&cid=s_35900_62_f&fid=35900&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F6h2g1766m3331m61%2F Abstract  The aim of this study is to investigate the toxic effect of PCZ, a triazole fungicide commonly present in surface and ground water, on the ROS defense system and Na+-K+-ATPase in gills of rainbow trout exposed to sublethal concentrations (0.2, 50 and 500 μg L−1) for 7, 20 and 30 days. After prolonged exposure of PCZ at higher test concentrations (50 and 500 μg L−1), oxidative stress was apparent as reflected by the significant higher ROS levels in fish gill, as well as the significant inhibition of SOD and CAT activities. In addition, Na+-K+-ATPase activities were significantly lower than those of the control with increasing PCZ concentration and prolonged exposure period. The results of this study indicate that chronic exposure to PCZ has altered multiple phys... Central European Journal of Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4178563 Mon, 15 Nov 2010 18:18:17 +0100 4178563 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4178565&cid=s_35900_62_f&fid=35900&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F25186g7623036gr8%2F Abstract  The aim of this study was to compare the daily rhythm of reactive oxygen metabolites (hydroperoxides), and serum barrier to oxidation in five different mammal species. Five female Comisana sheep, five female Maltese goats, five female Bruna cows and five female Thoroughbred horses were housed separately in boxes equipped with an opening window and five female Blue Vienna rabbits were individually housed in metallic cages. All animals were kept under natural photoperiod and indoor environmental conditions. Blood samples were collected every 3 h over a 48 h period for the assessment of hydroperoxides, antioxidant barrier (Oxy-ads) and thiol-antioxidant barrier (SHp). A two-way for repeated measures ANOVA showed a significant effect of time of day and different speci... Central European Journal of Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4178565 Mon, 15 Nov 2010 18:07:16 +0100 4178565 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4154699&cid=s_35900_62_f&fid=35900&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F600170684p92n660%2F Abstract  Climacostol is a resorcinol derivative that is produced by the ciliate Climacostomum virens. Exposure to purified climacostol results in lethal damage to the predatory ciliate Dileptus margaritifer and several other ciliates. To elucidate the mechanism of climacostol toxic action, we have investigated the effects of this compound on the swimming behavior of Tetrahymena thermophila and the respiratory system of isolated rat liver mitochondria. When added to living T. thermophila cells, climacostol markedly increased the turning frequency that was accompanied by a decrease in swimming velocity and subsequently by cell death. Observations by DIC and fluorescence microscopy showed morphological alterations in climacostol treated T. thermophila, indicating that climacostol... Central European Journal of Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4154699 Sat, 06 Nov 2010 20:11:05 +0100 4154699 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4142401&cid=s_35900_62_f&fid=35900&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fh45k71q087872627%2F Abstract  Best available descriptions of malaria incidence and mortality dynamics are important to improve and evaluate the implementation of programs to monitor (e.g., remote sensing) and control disease, especially in endemic zones. High-frequency (e.g., semi-annual and seasonal) cycles in malaria incidence have been observed in various countries and they coincide with cycles in the natural environment (e.g., temperature, heliogeophysical activity, etc.). However, neither trend nor cyclical oscillations beyond a 6-month (0.5-year) period for this vector-borne disease were reported in a recent analysis on monthly notifications in Burundi for the years 1997–2003. Since the examination of graphical plots indicated an eventual existence of trans-year (multiannual) variations... Central European Journal of Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4142401 Wed, 03 Nov 2010 07:49:29 +0100 4142401 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4095906&cid=s_35900_62_f&fid=35900&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fg047447v4kh47235%2F Abstract  The effect of the natural compound S-methylmethionine (SMM) on the functioning of the photosynthetic apparatus, the efficiency of photosynthesis and the synthesis of stress-induced phenoloids and anthocyanins involved in defence was investigated in young maize plants exposed to moderate and severe chilling stress. Damage to PSII was observed as a reduction in the value of variable fluorescence (Fv/Fm) which could be detected even after few hours of mild chilling stress. At temperatures below 10°C, the reduction in Fv/Fm was more pronounced. Changes in the value of net photosynthesis exhibited a similar tendency. SMM has a moderating effect on this reduction and its protective effect was more pronounced under long-lasting chilling stress and at the lowest temperat... Central European Journal of Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4095906 Thu, 21 Oct 2010 05:58:25 +0100 4095906 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4095908&cid=s_35900_62_f&fid=35900&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fp4767g4118557m5u%2F Abstract  Administration of estradiol or calcium, or combined, represents the classical therapeutic approach in the treatment of some menopausal symptoms. We have studied the effects of estradiol dipropionate (EDP) and calcium glucoheptonate (Ca) on morphological and hormonal features of the adrenal gland in 14-month-old female Wistar rats. The animals were treated with EDP (0.625 mg/kg b.w.) or Ca (11.4 mg/kg b.w.) daily for two weeks, with control rats receiving vehicle alone by the same schedule. The cell volumes in the zona glomerulosa (ZG) and zona fasciculata (ZF) were 11.2% and 5.5% greater (P<0.05) and in the zona reticularis (ZR) 13.0% smaller (P<0.05) in the EDP group than in the control group. In the Ca group, cell volume in the ZG was increased by 5.6% (P&l... Central European Journal of Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4095908 Thu, 21 Oct 2010 05:58:23 +0100 4095908 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4095907&cid=s_35900_62_f&fid=35900&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fy535jl46223t7615%2F Abstract  Ecological investigations of long-legged flies (Dolichopodidae) were carried out in wet meadow wetlands near České Budějovice, Czech Republic. Sampling was performed during the adult flies’ seasonal activity (March–October) in 2002, 2003 and 2004 using yellow pan traps, Malaise traps, emergence traps, and by sweeping. Altogether 5,697 specimens of 78 species of Dolichopodidae were collected, identified and analysed. The study examined community structure, species abundance, and diversity (Shannon-Weaver’s index - H’; Sheldon’s equitability index - E). Chrysotus cilipes, C. gramineus and Dolichopus ungulatus were the most abundant species in all three years. Species richness and diversity seem strongly affected by soil moisture. Content Type Journal... Central European Journal of Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4095907 Thu, 21 Oct 2010 05:58:23 +0100 4095907 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4095910&cid=s_35900_62_f&fid=35900&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fx282777w47100507%2F The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the light emitting diode (LED) spectra on the antioxidant properties of sprouted wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), radish (Raphanus sativus L.), and lentil (Lens esculenta Moenh.) seeds. Lighting experiments were performed under controlled conditions (PPFD - 100 μmol m−2 s−1; 12 h photoperiod; 27°C). The LED conditions used were: L1 - 638 nm; L2 - 455 nm, 638 nm, 669 nm, 731 nm (basal components); L3 - basal + 385 nm; L4 - basal + 510 nm and L5 - basal + 595 nm. Wheat and lentil sprouts were shown to accumulate less phenolic compounds and were more sensitive to light spectral differences when compared to radish sprouts. The antioxidant properties and contents of antioxidant compounds in seeds germinated in the dark were signif... Central European Journal of Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4095910 Tue, 19 Oct 2010 19:17:38 +0100 4095910 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4095909&cid=s_35900_62_f&fid=35900&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F77lt600q303162xl%2F This study examined the presence and cellular localization of three types of opioid receptors (MOR, DOR and KOR) in five human cancer cell lines: MCF-7, MDA-MB-231, HT-29, MGH-U1 and SH-SY5Y. Expression levels of opioid receptors were measured quantitatively using real-time PCR, and the localizations of the receptors in the cells were determined by immunocytochemistry. All three types of opioid receptors were present in each of the five cell lines examined. However, three of the cell lines (MCF-7, HT-29 and SH-SY5Y) showed significantly higher levels of MOR mRNA and protein than the other two types of receptors (DOR and KOR). Immunocytochemistry revealed that MOR, DOR and KOR receptors were predominantly present on the surface of cell membranes, although these receptors were also occ... Central European Journal of Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4095909 Tue, 19 Oct 2010 19:17:38 +0100 4095909 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3953228&cid=s_35900_62_f&fid=35900&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F24w4707wt883005x%2F Abstract  Describing the sex ratio, age structure of the population and ontogenetic variability of Red fox, Vulpes vulpes (Canidae, Carnivora) skull parameters, this study is based on 416 male and 289 female skulls collected in the Czech Republic. The skulls analysed came from feral individuals, that were shot by hunters. The male to female ratio was 1:0.69 regarding the whole population. Individuals younger than one year prevailed in the population (54% males, 48% females were in their first year of life). Four growth patterns of skull dimensions were described. The first group included mainly skull length dimensions (e.g. condylobasal length). They grew rapidly until the sixth month of life, becoming stabilised afterwards. The second group comprised parameters that were st... Central European Journal of Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3953228 Tue, 07 Sep 2010 17:21:58 +0100 3953228 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3953229&cid=s_35900_62_f&fid=35900&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fh748041hx77j8133%2F Abstract  Retinoic X receptor alpha (RXRA), a member of nuclear receptor superfamily, plays a key role in development, metabolism, glucose homeostasis, and intestinal cholesterol balance. The aim of this study was to examine an association of RXR alpha introne 5 A(39526)AA polymorphism and ABO blood groups with chronic heart failure (CHF) in the Czech population. A total of 238 patients with chronic heart failure and a control group of 246 subjects were included in the study. The RXR alpha gene polymorphism and ABO blood groups were detected by PCR and RFLP methods. Significant differences in distributions of RXRA A(39526)AA alleles and genotypes between CHF patients and controls were observed (Pg=0.03, Pa=0.02). The RXRA gene polymorphism differences of within blood group A... Central European Journal of Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3953229 Tue, 07 Sep 2010 17:21:57 +0100 3953229 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3953230&cid=s_35900_62_f&fid=35900&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F15j5830q16861p2g%2F Abstract   Rhodiola rosea is an endangered medicinal plant used for cancer, cardiovascular, and nervous system diseases therapy. Due to its limited distribution and sustainability alternative methods for production of its valuable substances are under investigation. Using in vitro techniques apical and rhizome buds, leaf nodes, stem and radix segments from wild plants and in vitro seedlings were plated on 24 modified Murashige and Skoog (1962) media. Decontamination of plant material was successful only in 21% of the schemes. The best shoot induction was obtained from seedling explants on media containing 2 mg/l zeatin or N6-benzylaminopurine, each. Their reduction stimulated shoot formation in the next passages (multiplication rate up to 5). Efficient rooting was induced on... Central European Journal of Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3953230 Tue, 07 Sep 2010 17:21:56 +0100 3953230 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3932562&cid=s_35900_62_f&fid=35900&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fh77p7l1886131743%2F Abstract  The methanol extracts of four Parmeliaceae lichens (Hypogymnia physodes, Evernia prunastri, Flavoparmelia caperata and Parmelia sulcata) were screened for antioxidant properties and total phenol content. The H. physodes extract was the most effective at reducing iron(III) and scavenging 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radicals, while the P. sulcata extract was the most effective in reducing molybdenum(VI) in an acidic medium. The E. prunastri and H. physodes extracts contained more Folin-Ciocalteu reagent reactive substances than the F. caperata and P. sulcata extracts. Significant activity of the H. physodes extract in DPPH and reducing Fe(III) assays suggest that this lichen can be considered as a potential source of antioxidants. Content Type Journal ArticleDOI 10... Central European Journal of Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3932562 Thu, 02 Sep 2010 08:45:19 +0100 3932562 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3932564&cid=s_35900_62_f&fid=35900&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F00032357v8617774%2F This study is the first to demonstrate the tumour-inhibitory effect of L-rhamnose. Content Type Journal ArticleDOI 10.2478/s11535-010-0087-0Authors Pavel Tomsik, Department of Biochemistry, Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, 500 38 Hradec Kralove, Czech RepublicTomas Soukup, Department of Histology and Embryology, Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, 500 387 Hradec Kralove, Czech RepublicEva Cermakova, Computer Technology Center, Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, 500 387 Hradec Kralove, Czech RepublicStanislav Micuda, Department of Pharmacology, Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, 500 387 Hradec Kralove, Czech RepublicMohamed Niang, Department of Bioc... Central European Journal of Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3932564 Thu, 02 Sep 2010 08:45:15 +0100 3932564 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3932563&cid=s_35900_62_f&fid=35900&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fg05l144713588j00%2F Abstract  Interest in the biochemical composition of Viburnum opulus fruit has intensified due to the food industry’s demand for natural vitamins, pigments and other substances that enhance the value of different foods. The present study was conducted to determine the agro-biological and biochemical variability of V. opulus and to select the genotypes that could best serve as sources of health promoting substances. Twelve selected genotypes were evaluated. ‘Leningradskaya Otbornaya’, V. opulus var. americanum, ‘Zarnitsa’, and local clone P2 were determined to be the best genotypes for growth in commercial plantations. Fruits of the local clone P3 were characterised by large amounts of total phenolics, ascorbic acid, and reducing sugars. V. opulus var. sargentii and ... Central European Journal of Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3932563 Thu, 02 Sep 2010 08:45:15 +0100 3932563 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3932565&cid=s_35900_62_f&fid=35900&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fpx744565g1p11172%2F Abstract  The investigation was carried out to ascertain the cause of mass mortalities in European perch (Perca fluviatilis L.) in North Lithuanian rivers in 2008 that reached a maximum in mid-autumn at a water temperature of 6°C. Marked changes were detected in morphophysiological parameters (spleen-, gill-, liver- and heart-somatic indices), which corresponded to changes in haematological parameters (leukocyte count was significantly elevated or reduced) of the infected fish. The viable bacterial counts in the gill, liver and kidney of infected live fish samples ranged from 2.3±0.3 × 103 to 6.3×00B1;0.4 × 103 c.f.u./g. The BOX-PCR fingerprinting technique was used for characterization and identification of the isolated bacterial strains from liver and kidney of infecte... Central European Journal of Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3932565 Thu, 02 Sep 2010 08:45:14 +0100 3932565 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3906876&cid=s_35900_62_f&fid=35900&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F9q31302651086614%2F Abstract  Recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) has been widely used in many medical applications. Large scale production of rhGH is important for a wider application of this molecule in the field of proteomics. This investigation reports a modified Agrobacterium-mediated method for transfer and expression of human growth hormone gene in the popular edible mushroom Pleurotus eryngii. A binary vector pCAMBIA1304 containing the hGH2 gene was constructed and introduced into Pleurotus eryngii via Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation. Integration of hGH2 into mushroom genome was detected by PCR and expression was confirmed by Western blot assay. The successful expression of the human growth hormone gene in mushroom suggests that the proposed modified transformation sy... Central European Journal of Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3906876 Wed, 25 Aug 2010 06:13:49 +0100 3906876 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3866742&cid=s_35900_62_f&fid=35900&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fr0232468pv705gnn%2F Abstract  The effects of six basal media on in vitro shoot proliferation of the greek grapevines Vitis vinifera L. cv. ‘Malagouzia’ and ‘Xinomavro’ were investigated. Galzy and Zlenco proved to be the most effective for ‘Malagouzia’ and ‘Xinomavro’, respectively. If only BA was present in the medium, shoot development was poor and the plantlets were chlorotic. When the medium was supplemented with BA and NAA, growth was enhanced. The best ratio (in μM) of growth regulators was 0.5/0.3 for ‘Malagouzia’, and 0.1/0.03 for ‘Xinomavro’, which resulted in the highest number of microshoots per explant and greatest proliferation rate. The development of ‘Malagouzia’ and ‘Xinomavro’ explants at 21±2 and 26±2°C was also investigated, revealing the h... Central European Journal of Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3866742 Fri, 13 Aug 2010 07:09:46 +0100 3866742 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3866743&cid=s_35900_62_f&fid=35900&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F989r74977x31n018%2F Abstract  Tacrine, a well-known acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, applied in concentrations higher than 2×10−5 mol/l promoted Ca2+-independent relaxation of rat gastric smooth muscles in experiments in vitro. The relaxation was not cholinergic and was a result of influence of tacrine over intracellular signaling pathways regulating smooth muscle contraction/relaxation. The nature of this untypical muscle relaxation was studied by using smooth muscle strips isolated from rat stomach. Their bioelectrical and mechanical responses were recorded after treatment with tacrine and different activators or blockers of intracellular pathways involved in muscle contractility. Following the activation of adenylate cyclase with 1×10−6 mol/l forskolin and increase in the concentration o... Central European Journal of Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3866743 Fri, 13 Aug 2010 07:09:44 +0100 3866743 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3866744&cid=s_35900_62_f&fid=35900&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F161uv308l79p8n78%2F Abstract  Epidemiological studies show that the risk for cardiovascular diseases increases with increasing levels of free-copper in plasma. It is known that intact ceruloplasmin (CP), the major protein transporter of copper in human plasma, oxidizes low density lipoproteins (LDL) in vitro. Our aim was to study the interaction between LDL and CP in vitro and in vivo, in an animal model of diet-induced atherosclerosis. In order to visualize the pathway of LDL into the arterial wall, human native LDL was labeled with fluorescent DiI and injected into male, Golden Syrian hyperlipemic hamsters. In vitro results demonstrated that slightly degraded CP has a significant oxidation potential against LDL at neutral pH. In vivo, after 24 hours circulation, LDL-DiI was taken up by the enla... Central European Journal of Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3866744 Fri, 13 Aug 2010 07:09:43 +0100 3866744 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3866745&cid=s_35900_62_f&fid=35900&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F13623u75601212p2%2F Abstract  The bulk of large plant genomes consists of retrotransposons. Retrotransposons are able to integrate into a multitude of loci in the genome, and can thereby generate insertional polymorphism between individuals, as well as mutations and new characteristics. Retrotransposons are largely quiescent during development, but become more active in response to biotic and abiotic stresses, which cause them to produce larger pools of transcripts. The present study assesses the structural dynamics and putative transcriptional activation of BARE-1 and WIS 2-1A retrotransposons in ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS)-induced hexaploid wheat and Triticale sphaerococcum mutants, via an RT-PCR approach that utilized the retrotransposon based markers SSAP, IRAP and REMAP. Our results demons... Central European Journal of Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3866745 Fri, 13 Aug 2010 06:54:37 +0100 3866745 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3866746&cid=s_35900_62_f&fid=35900&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F1067323n56462341%2F Abstract  The gross anatomical features, namely stem, blade and petiole and the micromorphological features, trichome, pollen and nutlet of Salvia vermifolia Hedge & Hub.-Mor. (Sect. Aethiopis Bentham, Lamiaceae) were examined using light microscopy (LM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). S. vermifolia is a perennial endemic herb growing on igneous and serpentine slopes in Sivas province, Central Anatolia, Turkey. The results obtained from anatomical studies show that the stem is made up of 4–8-layers of collenchyma cells and 1-3-layers chlorenchyma cells. The blade is amphistomatic, bifacial, with 2-3-layered palisade cells on the adaxial. The petiole has three large central bundles and six small subsidiary bundles. Peltate glandular, capitate glandular and non-glandu... Central European Journal of Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3866746 Fri, 13 Aug 2010 06:54:34 +0100 3866746 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3866747&cid=s_35900_62_f&fid=35900&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F064367185u22n516%2F Abstract  Uropathogenic strains of E. coli isolated from urine of patients with urinary tract infections were tested for antibiotic sensitivity using bio-Merieux kits and ATB-UR 5 expression system. The virulence of strains was evaluated by serum bactericidal assay, macrophage “killing” and bacterial adhesive tests. Survival capability of strains was assessed under starvation in saline. The results showed that quinolone-resistant uropathogenic strains of E. coli exhibit significantly reduced adhesive potential but relatively high resistance to serum and macrophage bactericidity. In contrast to laboratory strains, the quinolone-resistant uropathogenic clinical isolate demonstrated increased viability during starvation in saline. Our study suggests that quinolone-resistant... Central European Journal of Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3866747 Fri, 13 Aug 2010 06:54:22 +0100 3866747 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3812198&cid=s_35900_62_f&fid=35900&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fe45l251345821433%2F Abstract  The study on the external morphology of the non-native black bullhead (Ameiurus melas) was carried out on a population from Slovakia, based on triple regression and geometrical analysis. The breakpoints distribution in distance-based morphometric characters indicated that black bullhead reached its definitive phenotype early in ontogeny. Ontogenetic changes in external morphology occurred continuously throughout the whole size-range of the sample examined, and inter-individual morphological variation was very low. Such uniformity may reflect the possible founder effect and/or little phenotypic plasticity of this non-native population. No sexual dimorphism was observed. This is the first detailed study on external morphology of the species, and as such it contribute... Central European Journal of Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3812198 Fri, 30 Jul 2010 17:06:40 +0100 3812198 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3812199&cid=s_35900_62_f&fid=35900&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F541228h13vvw0224%2F Abstract  The incidence of candidiasis among immunocompromised patients and emergence of antimycotics resistant strains has increased significantly. The aims of this study were: to examine the in vitro activity of antimycotics and biocides against Candida clinical isolates; to detect cross-resistance of fungi to these preparations and to estimate whether disinfectants applied in hospital areas are active against clinical Candida isolates. In vitro susceptibility of 102 Candida isolates to eight antimycotics was examined by Etest and ATB Fungus. Sensitivity of these strains to four disinfectants and an antiseptic agent was tested according to EN 1275:2005. Amphotericin B, caspofungin and 5-fluorocytosine were the most effective antimycotics against all Candida isolates. Resist... Central European Journal of Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3812199 Fri, 30 Jul 2010 17:06:39 +0100 3812199 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3812200&cid=s_35900_62_f&fid=35900&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fv08672622h528387%2F Abstract  In the crude ethanol extracts obtained from the rhizome and roots of Rheum palmatum L., Rheum undulatum L. and Rheum rhaponticum L. growing in Poland concentration of polyphenols ranged from 46.11 to 76.45 mg/g. Concentration of tannins ranged from 7.07% to 8.67%, while anthracene derivatives and anthraquinones varied by species - R. palmatum measured 36.3 and 34 mg/g, while R. undulatum or R. rhaponticum did not exceed 20.4 and 18.1 or 19.8 mg/g and 16.6 mg/g, respectively. Using a broth microdilution method it was found that all of the Rheum spp. extracts were more active against reference strains of Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus spp.) than against those of Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Proteus mirabilis). The strongest... Central European Journal of Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3812200 Fri, 30 Jul 2010 17:06:38 +0100 3812200 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3812201&cid=s_35900_62_f&fid=35900&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fc83hv871754r7m7l%2F In this study, 11 sphaeriid species (nine of the genus Pisidium, one of Musculium, and one of Sphaerium) inhabiting central Europe were studied karyologically, 10 of them for the first time. Analysis revealed high chromosome numbers (from 140 to 240). To elucidate the origin of high chromosome numbers, DNA contents were measured by flow cytometry in 5 of the studied species and, for comparison, in S. corneum and S. nucleus, which are known to be diploid (2n=30). Species with high chromosome counts yielded very similar DNA contents that are not higher than in the related species with low diploid numbers. This finding contradicts a possible origin of these species by recent polyploidization or hybridization of related species. Chromosome complements of the investigated species with high... Central European Journal of Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3812201 Fri, 30 Jul 2010 17:06:37 +0100 3812201