MedWorm.com provides a medical RSS filtering service. Over 6000 RSS medical sources are combined and output via different filters. This feed contains the latest items from the 'Cerebrospinal Fluid Research' source. Wed, 08 Feb 2012 20:43:01 +0100 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5668754&cid=s_34058_25_f&fid=34058&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fluidsbarrierscns.com%2Fcontent%2F9%2F1%2F4 Conclusions: Parkinson's disease-like pathology, indicated by a huge reduction of tyrosine hydroxylase as well as by substantially reduced levels and higher elimination rates of DOPAC and HVA, does not result in changes in BBB transport of L-DOPA. Taking the results of this study and that of previous ones, it can be concluded that changes in BBB functionality are not a specific characteristic of Parkinson's disease, and cannot account for the decreased benefit of L-DOPA at later stages of Parkinson's disease. (Source: Cerebrospinal Fluid Research) Cerebrospinal Fluid Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5668754 Wed, 08 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5668754 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5621281&cid=s_34058_25_f&fid=34058&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fluidsbarrierscns.com%2Fcontent%2F9%2F1%2F3 This study analyzed CSF volume, production and turnover rate in relation to amyloid-beta peptide (Abeta) accumulation in the aging rat brain. Methods: Aging Fischer 344/Brown-Norway hybrid rats at 3, 12, 20, and 30 months were studied. CSF production was measured by ventriculo-cisternal perfusion with blue dextran in artificial CSF; CSF volume by MRI; and CSF turnover rate by dividing the CSF production rate by the volume of the CSF space. Abeta40 and Abeta42 concentrations in the cortex and hippocampus were measured by ELISA. Results: There was a significant linear increase in total cranial CSF volume with age: 3-20 months (p (Source: Cerebrospinal Fluid Research) Cerebrospinal Fluid Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5621281 Mon, 23 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5621281 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5611188&cid=s_34058_25_f&fid=34058&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fluidsbarrierscns.com%2Fcontent%2F9%2F1%2F2 Background: Convection-enhanced delivery (CED), a direct method for drug delivery to the brain through intraparenchymal microcatheters, is a promising strategy for intracerebral pharmacological therapy. By establishing a pressure gradient at the tip of the catheter, drugs can be delivered in uniform concentration throughout a large volume of interstitial fluid. However, the variables affecting perivascular distribution of drugs delivered by CED are not fully understood. The aim of this study was to determine whether the perivascular distribution of solutes delivered by CED into the striatum of rats is affected by the molecular weight of the infused agent, by co-infusion of vasodilator, alteration of infusion rates or use of a ramping regime. We also wanted to make a preliminary comparison ... Cerebrospinal Fluid Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5611188 Fri, 20 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5611188 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5599502&cid=s_34058_25_f&fid=34058&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fluidsbarrierscns.com%2Fcontent%2F9%2F1%2F1 Conclusions The sensitivity and specificity of the TT for predicting shunt responsiveness were optimum when improvement on any iNPH grading scale was combined with CSF pressure [greater than or equal to]15 cmH20. To increase the sensitivity of the TT, further effort is necessary. This study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, with the number NCT00221091. (Source: Cerebrospinal Fluid Research) Cerebrospinal Fluid Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5599502 Fri, 13 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5599502 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5389998&cid=s_34058_25_f&fid=34058&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fluidsbarrierscns.com%2Fcontent%2F8%2F1%2F26 This review examines the use of transporter knockout (KO) animals to evaluate transporter function at the choroid plexus (the blood-CSF barrier; BCSFB). Compared to the blood-brain barrier, there have been few such studies focused on the choroid plexus (CP). These have primarily focused on Pept2 (an oligopeptide transporter), ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters, Oat3 (an organic anion transporter), Svct2 (an ascorbic acid transporter) transthyretin, ion transporters, and ion and water channels. This review focuses on the knowledge gained from such studies both with respect to specific transporters and in general to the role of the CP and its impact on brain parenchyma. It also discusses the pros and cons of using KO animals in such studies and the technical approaches that can be used.... Cerebrospinal Fluid Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5389998 Fri, 04 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5389998 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5349740&cid=s_34058_25_f&fid=34058&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fluidsbarrierscns.com%2Fcontent%2F8%2F1%2F25 Background: Elevated plasma fibrinogen levels are a well known finding in acute infectious diseases, acute stroke and myocardial infarction. However its role in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of acute and chronic central (CNS) and peripheral nervous system (PNS) diseases is unclear.FindingsWe analyzed CSF and plasma fibrinogen levels together with routine parameters in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), acute inflammatory diseases of the central (bacterial and viral meningoencephalitis, BM and VM) and peripheral nervous system (Guillain-Barre syndrome; GBS), as well as in non-inflammatory neurological controls (OND) in a total of 103 patients. Additionally, MS patients underwent cerebral MRI scans at time of lumbar puncture.CSF and plasma fibrinogen levels were significantly lower in pa... Cerebrospinal Fluid Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5349740 Wed, 26 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5349740 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5338231&cid=s_34058_25_f&fid=34058&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fluidsbarrierscns.com%2Fcontent%2F8%2F1%2F24 Conclusion: PGE2 elimination across the BBB is attenuated in an LPS-induced mouse model of inflammation. Peripheral administration of cefmetazole further inhibits PGE2 elimination in LPS-treated mice. (Source: Cerebrospinal Fluid Research) Cerebrospinal Fluid Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5338231 Fri, 21 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5338231 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5164446&cid=s_34058_25_f&fid=34058&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fluidsbarrierscns.com%2Fcontent%2F8%2F1%2F23 Conclusions: Our results show that TCDD and DEP strongly induced Cyp1b1 in rat brain microvessels, likely through AhR activation. (Source: Cerebrospinal Fluid Research) Cerebrospinal Fluid Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5164446 Wed, 24 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5164446 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5121158&cid=s_34058_25_f&fid=34058&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fluidsbarrierscns.com%2Fcontent%2F8%2F1%2F22 ${item.shortDescription} (Source: Cerebrospinal Fluid Research) Cerebrospinal Fluid Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5121158 Wed, 10 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5121158 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5164447&cid=s_34058_25_f&fid=34058&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fluidsbarrierscns.com%2Fcontent%2F8%2F1%2F20 The active form of vitamin D increases the clearance of amyloid-beta peptide across the blood-brain barrier, which could be a candidate agent for prevention and treatment of Alzheimer's disease. (Source: Cerebrospinal Fluid Research) Cerebrospinal Fluid Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5164447 Thu, 07 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5164447 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5011131&cid=s_34058_25_f&fid=34058&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fluidsbarrierscns.com%2Fcontent%2F8%2F1%2F20 Conclusions: Active form of vitamin D, 1,25(OH)2D3, appears to enhance brain-to-blood Ab(1-40) efflux transport at the BBB through both genomic and non-genomic actions. Compounds activating these pathways may be candidate agents for modulating Ab(1-40) elimination at the BBB. (Source: Cerebrospinal Fluid Research) Cerebrospinal Fluid Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5011131 Thu, 07 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5011131 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5011130&cid=s_34058_25_f&fid=34058&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fluidsbarrierscns.com%2Fcontent%2F8%2F1%2F21 Conclusions: Age-dependent alterations in the CP Abeta transporters are associated with a decrease in Abeta42 accumulation in the CP, and are reciprocal to the changes seen in these transporters at the BBB, suggesting a possible compensatory role for the BCSFB in Abeta clearance in aging. (Source: Cerebrospinal Fluid Research) Cerebrospinal Fluid Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5011130 Thu, 07 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5011130 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4833527&cid=s_34058_25_f&fid=34058&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fluidsbarrierscns.com%2Fcontent%2F8%2F1%2F18 Conclusions: This study showed that ventricular cell-based delivery of soluble factors has the capability to achieve concentrations in the CSF which may become pharmacologically active. Despite the controversy about the pharmacokinetic limitations of ventricular drug delivery, there might be a niche in this for encapsulated cell biodelivery of soluble, highly biologically-effective neuropeptides of low molecular weight like GLP-1. (Source: Cerebrospinal Fluid Research) Cerebrospinal Fluid Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4833527 Mon, 16 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4833527 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4798996&cid=s_34058_25_f&fid=34058&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fluidsbarrierscns.com%2Fcontent%2F8%2F1%2F17 This is a review of the content and scope of a multi-author volume for readers with an interest in the structure and function of the blood-brain barrier and in drug delivery to the central nervous system. (Source: Cerebrospinal Fluid Research) Cerebrospinal Fluid Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4798996 Sat, 07 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4798996 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4556132&cid=s_34058_25_f&fid=34058&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fluidsbarrierscns.com%2Fcontent%2F8%2F1%2F15 Background: A lumbar infusion test is commonly used as a predictive test for patients with normal pressure hydrocephalus and for evaluation of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) shunt function. Different infusion protocols can be used to estimate the outflow conductance (Cout) or its reciprocal the outflow resistance, (Rout) with or without using the baseline resting pressure, Pr. Both from a basic physiological research and a clinical perspective, it is important to understand the limitations of the model on which infusion tests are based. By estimating Cout using two different analyses, with or without Pr, the limitations could be explored. The aim of this study was to compare the Cout estimates, and investigate what effect Pr had on the results. Methods: Sixty-three patients that underwent a con... Cerebrospinal Fluid Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4556132 Mon, 07 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4556132 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4541971&cid=s_34058_25_f&fid=34058&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fluidsbarrierscns.com%2Fcontent%2F8%2F1%2F14 The spread of cancer into the central nervous system is a serious problem leading to neurological symptoms and rapid mortality. The current tools available for detecting the spread of cancer into the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) are cytology, neurologic examination, and neuroimaging. All three of these methods can be applied in concert to reach a diagnosis, but they all suffer from a lack of sensitivity, leading to delays in treatment in many cases. An overview of research tools in the field of CSF cancer detection reveals a variety of promising technologies that can be used to answer questions about the biology of metastatic cancer and to develop more powerful clinical detection methods. Methods currently under investigation include new immunocytochemistry methods and flow cytometry for the ... Cerebrospinal Fluid Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4541971 Thu, 03 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4541971 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4528771&cid=s_34058_25_f&fid=34058&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fluidsbarrierscns.com%2Fcontent%2F8%2F1%2F13 In conclusion, transport of GCs at the BBB and BCSFB appears to be the key determinant of the cerebral levels of GCs, and changes in the transport characteristics may cause the abnormal distribution of GCs in the brain seen in patients with certain neurological disorders. (Source: Cerebrospinal Fluid Research) Cerebrospinal Fluid Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4528771 Mon, 28 Feb 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4528771 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4485454&cid=s_34058_25_f&fid=34058&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fluidsbarrierscns.com%2Fcontent%2F8%2F1%2F12 Conclusion: Our preliminary data show that a-MCI patients present with high systolic arterial peak flows, which are associated with higher mean total cerebral arterial flows.Aqueductal CSF oscillations are within normal range in AD and higher than normal in NPH.This study provides an original dynamic vision of cerebral neurodegenerative diseases, consistent with the vascular theory for AD, and supporting primary flow disturbances different from those observed in NPH. (Source: Cerebrospinal Fluid Research) Cerebrospinal Fluid Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4485454 Thu, 17 Feb 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4485454 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4434100&cid=s_34058_25_f&fid=34058&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fluidsbarrierscns.com%2Fcontent%2F8%2F1%2F11 Conclusions: These results gave no evidence that the increased levels of ICP wave amplitudes seen in iNPH shunt responders prior to surgery were accompanied by elevated levels of ABP wave amplitudes or elevated CO. In the individual patients the correlation between CO and ICP wave amplitude was partly related to an association between ABP and ICP wave amplitudes which can be indicative of the state of cerebrovascular pressure regulation, and partly related to the ICP wave amplitude which can be indicative of the intracranial compliance. (Source: Cerebrospinal Fluid Research) Cerebrospinal Fluid Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4434100 Fri, 04 Feb 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4434100 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4364496&cid=s_34058_25_f&fid=34058&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fluidsbarrierscns.com%2Fcontent%2F8%2F1%2F1 This article celebrates the re-launch of Cerebrospinal Fluid Research in its new format as Fluids and Barriers of the CNS. Editors-in Chief, Hazel Jones and Tetsuya Terasaki, anticipate that this expanded journal will provide a unique and specialist platform for the publication of research in cerebrospinal fluid and all brain barriers and fluid systems in both health and disease. (Source: Cerebrospinal Fluid Research) Cerebrospinal Fluid Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4364496 Tue, 18 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4364496 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4364495&cid=s_34058_25_f&fid=34058&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fluidsbarrierscns.com%2Fcontent%2F8%2F1%2F2 Tracing the exact origins of modern science can be a difficult but rewarding pursuit. It is possible for the astute reader to follow the background of any subject through the many important surviving texts from the classical and ancient world. While empirical investigations have been described by many since the time of Aristotle and scientific methods have been employed since the Middle Ages, the beginnings of modern science are generally accepted to have originated during the 'scientific revolution' of the 16th and 17th centuries in Europe. The scientific method is so fundamental to modern science that some philosophers consider earlier investigations as 'pre-science'. Notwithstanding this, the insight that can be gained from the study of the beginnings of a subject can prove important in... Cerebrospinal Fluid Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4364495 Tue, 18 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4364495 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4364494&cid=s_34058_25_f&fid=34058&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fluidsbarrierscns.com%2Fcontent%2F8%2F1%2F3 Efficient processing of information by the central nervous system (CNS) represents an important evolutionary advantage. Thus, homeostatic mechanisms have developed that provide appropriate circumstances for neuronal signaling, including a highly controlled and stable microenvironment. To provide such a milieu for neurons, extracellular fluids of the CNS are separated from the changeable environment of blood at three major interfaces: at the brain capillaries by the blood-brain barrier (BBB), which is localized at the level of the endothelial cells and separates brain interstitial fluid (ISF) from blood; at the epithelial layer of four choroid plexuses, the blood-cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) barrier (BCSFB), which separates CSF from the CP ISF, and at the arachnoid barrier. The two barriers th... Cerebrospinal Fluid Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4364494 Tue, 18 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4364494 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4364493&cid=s_34058_25_f&fid=34058&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fluidsbarrierscns.com%2Fcontent%2F8%2F1%2F4 Neuronal activity within the central nervous system (CNS) strictly depends on homeostasis and therefore does not tolerate uncontrolled entry of blood components. It has been generally believed that under normal conditions, the endothelial blood-brain barrier (BBB) and the epithelial blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier (BCSFB) prevent immune cell entry into the CNS. This view has recently changed when it was realized that activated T cells are able to breach the BBB and the BCSFB to perform immune surveillance of the CNS. Here we propose that the immune privilege of the CNS is established by the specific morphological architecture of its borders resembling that of a medieval castle. The BBB and the BCSFB serve as the outer walls of the castle, which can be breached by activated immune cells s... Cerebrospinal Fluid Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4364493 Tue, 18 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4364493 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4364492&cid=s_34058_25_f&fid=34058&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fluidsbarrierscns.com%2Fcontent%2F8%2F1%2F5 The maintenance of adequate blood flow to the brain is critical for normal brain function; cerebral blood flow, its regulation and the effect of alteration in this flow with disease have been studied extensively and are very well understood. This flow is not steady, however; the systolic increase in blood pressure over the cardiac cycle causes regular variations in blood flow into and throughout the brain that are synchronous with the heart beat. Because the brain is contained within the fixed skull, these pulsations in flow and pressure are in turn transferred into brain tissue and all of the fluids contained therein including cerebrospinal fluid. While intracranial pulsatility has not been a primary focus of the clinical community, considerable data have accrued over the last sixty years... Cerebrospinal Fluid Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4364492 Tue, 18 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4364492 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4364491&cid=s_34058_25_f&fid=34058&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fluidsbarrierscns.com%2Fcontent%2F8%2F1%2F6 Conclusion: An unusually elevated expression of the Ecrg4 gene in the CP implies that its product, augurin, plays a role in CP-CSF-CNS function. The results are all consistent with a model whereby an injury-induced decrease in augurin dysinhibits target cells at the ependymal-subependymal interface. We speculate that the ability of CP and ependymal epithelium to alter the progenitor cell response to CNS injury may be mediated, in part by Ecrg4. If so, the canonic control of its promoter by DNA methylation may implicate epigenetic mechanisms in neuroprogenitor fate and function in the CNS. (Source: Cerebrospinal Fluid Research) Cerebrospinal Fluid Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4364491 Tue, 18 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4364491 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4364490&cid=s_34058_25_f&fid=34058&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fluidsbarrierscns.com%2Fcontent%2F8%2F1%2F7 The human brain has no lymphatic system, but produces over a half-liter each day of cerebrospinal fluid. The cerebrospinal fluid is produced at the choroid plexus and occupies the cavities of the four ventricles, as well as the cranial and spinal sub-arachnoid space. The cerebrospinal fluid moves over the surfaces of the brain and spinal cord and is rapidly absorbed into the general circulation. The choroid plexus forms the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier, and this barrier is functionally distinct from the brain microvascular endothelium, which forms the blood-brain barrier. Virtually all non-cellular substances in blood distribute into cerebrospinal fluid, and drug entry into cerebrospinal fluid is not an index of drug transport across the blood-brain barrier. Drug injected into the cer... Cerebrospinal Fluid Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4364490 Tue, 18 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4364490 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4364489&cid=s_34058_25_f&fid=34058&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fluidsbarrierscns.com%2Fcontent%2F8%2F1%2F8 The French scientist Charles Benjamin Rouget identified the pericyte nearly 140 years ago. Since that time the role of the pericyte in vascular function has been difficult to elucidate. It was not until the development of techniques to isolate and culture pericytes that scientists have begun to understand the true impact of this unique cell in the maintenance of tissue homeostasis. In the brain the pericyte is an integral cellular component of the blood-brain barrier and, together with other cells of the neurovascular unit (endothelial cells, astrocytes and neurons) the pericyte makes fine-tuned regulatory adjustments and adaptations to promote tissue survival. These regulatory changes involve trans-cellular communication networks between cells. In this review we consider evidence for cell... Cerebrospinal Fluid Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4364489 Tue, 18 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4364489 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4364488&cid=s_34058_25_f&fid=34058&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fluidsbarrierscns.com%2Fcontent%2F8%2F1%2F9 Conclusions: Fluctuations in the CSF formation rate increase fluctuations in the ICP and they should be minimized to lower the patient's risk. The nonlinear SDE provides a scientific methodology for dynamic risk management of patients. The dynamic output of the SDE matches the noisy ICP data generated by the actual intracranial dynamics of patients better than the classic model used in prior research. (Source: Cerebrospinal Fluid Research) Cerebrospinal Fluid Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4364488 Tue, 18 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4364488 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4364487&cid=s_34058_25_f&fid=34058&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fluidsbarrierscns.com%2Fcontent%2F8%2F1%2F10 Conclusions: Based on the data presented here, it will next be possible to further explore the function of particular proteins of the CP secretome in health and in disease. (Source: Cerebrospinal Fluid Research) Cerebrospinal Fluid Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4364487 Tue, 18 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4364487 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4136552&cid=s_34058_25_f&fid=34058&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cerebrospinalfluidresearch.com%2Fcontent%2F7%2F1%2F19 This study was designed to quantify the anisotropic diffusion properties in the brain of neonatal rats with hydrocephalus (HCP) and to investigate association between DTI measurements and cytopathology. Methods: DTI data were acquired between postnatal day 7 (P7) and P12 in 12 rats with HCP induced at P2 and in 15 age-matched controls. Animals were euthanized at P11 or P22/P23 and brains were processed with immunohistochemistry for glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), ionized calcium-binding adaptor molecule (Iba-1), and luxol fast blue (LFB) to assess astrocytosis, microglial reactivity and degree of myelination, respectively. Results: Hydrocephalic rats were consistently found to have an abnormally low (at corrected p-level of (Source: Cerebrospinal Fluid Research) Cerebrospinal Fluid Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4136552 Fri, 05 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4136552 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4136551&cid=s_34058_25_f&fid=34058&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cerebrospinalfluidresearch.com%2Fcontent%2F7%2F1%2F20 Conclusions: AQP4 levels are significantly altered in a time and region dependent manner in kaolin-induced hydrocephalus. The presented data suggest that AQP4 could play an important neurodefensive role, and may be a promising future pharmaceutical target in hydrocephalus and CSF disorders. (Source: Cerebrospinal Fluid Research) Cerebrospinal Fluid Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4136551 Fri, 05 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4136551 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4069768&cid=s_34058_25_f&fid=34058&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cerebrospinalfluidresearch.com%2Fcontent%2F7%2F1%2F17 Conclusions: With a close and interdisciplinary management by pediatric surgeons, neurologists and urologists, the long-term outcome of patients suffering from MMC can currently be considered satisfactory. With respect to the known drawbacks of fetal interventions for mother and child, especially preterm delivery, the results of the MOMS trial should be awaited with caution before proceeding with a complex intervention like IUMR. (Source: Cerebrospinal Fluid Research) Cerebrospinal Fluid Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4069768 Wed, 13 Oct 2010 23:00:00 +0100 4069768 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4033684&cid=s_34058_25_f&fid=34058&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cerebrospinalfluidresearch.com%2Fcontent%2F7%2F1%2F16 Conclusions: The present study established that lateral ventricular choroid plexus epithelial cells are born on the dorsal side of the structure only. Cells born in the first few days after choroid plexus differentiation from the neuroependyma remain present even two months later. Protein-transferring properties are acquired post-mitotically and relatively early in plexus development. (Source: Cerebrospinal Fluid Research) Cerebrospinal Fluid Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4033684 Mon, 04 Oct 2010 23:00:00 +0100 4033684 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3990210&cid=s_34058_25_f&fid=34058&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cerebrospinalfluidresearch.com%2Fcontent%2F7%2F1%2F15 The discovery of a family of membrane water channel proteins called aquaporins, and the finding that aquaporin 1 was located in the choroid plexus, has prompted interest in the role of aquaporins in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) production and consequently hydrocephalus. While the role of aquaporin 1 in choroidal CSF production has been demonstrated, the relevance of aquaporin 1 to the pathophysiology of hydrocephalus remains debated. This has been further hampered by the lack of a non-toxic specific pharmacological blocking agent for aquaporin 1. In recent times aquaporin 4, the most abundant aquaporin within the brain itself, which has also been shown to have a role in brain water physiology and relevance to brain oedema in trauma and tumours, has become an alternative focus of attention for... Cerebrospinal Fluid Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3990210 Tue, 21 Sep 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3990210 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3893523&cid=s_34058_25_f&fid=34058&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cerebrospinalfluidresearch.com%2Fcontent%2F7%2F1%2F14 The Kearns-Sayre Syndrome is a mitochondrial disorder (generally due to mitochondrial DNA deletions) that causes ophthalmoplegia, retinopathy, ataxia and brain abnormalities such as leukoencephalopathy. In this syndrome, the choroid plexus epithelial cells, unlike brain cells, are greatly enlarged and granular, consistent with their inability to adequately transport folate from blood into CSF and homovanillic acid (a dopamine metabolite) from CSF into blood. This inability to transport folates from blood into CSF (and brain) adequately causes cerebral folate deficiency that can be partially reversed by very high doses of reduced folates. The Kearns-Sayre Syndrome is a disease that interferes with key choroid plexus functions and is a cause of generalized choroid plexus failure. (Source: Ce... Cerebrospinal Fluid Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3893523 Sun, 22 Aug 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3893523 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3863739&cid=s_34058_25_f&fid=34058&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cerebrospinalfluidresearch.com%2Fcontent%2F7%2F1%2F13 Conclusions: Dehydration altered FGF2 expression patterns in AVP-containing magnocellular neurons and neurohypophysis, as well as in choroid plexus epithelium. This supports the involvement of centrally-synthesized FGF2, putatively coupled to that of AVP, in homeostatic mechanisms that regulate fluid balance. (Source: Cerebrospinal Fluid Research) Cerebrospinal Fluid Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3863739 Thu, 12 Aug 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3863739 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3860238&cid=s_34058_25_f&fid=34058&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cerebrospinalfluidresearch.com%2Fcontent%2F7%2F1%2F11 Conclusion: Taken together, immortalized cell lines may be a tool to study transport processes mediated by P-gp, Mrp1 or Mrp4, but overall expression of transport proteins and TJ formation do not reflect the situation in intact CP tissue. (Source: Cerebrospinal Fluid Research) Cerebrospinal Fluid Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3860238 Wed, 11 Aug 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3860238 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3804125&cid=s_34058_25_f&fid=34058&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cerebrospinalfluidresearch.com%2Fcontent%2F7%2F1%2F10 Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) and cerebrovascular disease (CVD) including chronic small vessel disease of the brain (SVD) are the most frequent causes of dementia. AD is associated with metabolism of amyloid precursor protein (APP) and low levels of amyloid-beta peptide (Abeta) X-42 in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). CVD and SVD are established risk factors for AD, brain white matter lesions (WML) are established surrogate markers for SVD and are also associated with reduced CSF AbetaX-42.A cohort survey was performed to examine whether SVD or acute CVD affects APP metabolism and to explore a potential association between WML and APP metabolism in two groups; cognitively impaired patients, subjective and mild (SCI and MCI) and stroke patients. Through measurements of CSF APP metaboli... Cerebrospinal Fluid Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3804125 Thu, 29 Jul 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3804125 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3681750&cid=s_34058_25_f&fid=34058&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cerebrospinalfluidresearch.com%2Fcontent%2F7%2F1%2F9 This review traces the development of our understanding of the anatomy and physiological properties of the two systems responsible for the drainage of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) into the systemic circulation. The role of the cranial and spinal arachnoid villi and the lymphatic outflow systems are evaluated as to the dominance of one over the other in various species and degree of animal maturation. The functional capabilities of the total CSF drainage system is presented with evidence that the duality of the system is supported by the changes in fluid outflow dynamics in human and sub human primates in hydrocephalus. The review also reconciles the relative importance and alterations of each of the outflow systems in a variety of clinical pathological conditions. (Source: Cerebrospinal Fluid... Cerebrospinal Fluid Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3681750 Sun, 20 Jun 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3681750 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3650539&cid=s_34058_25_f&fid=34058&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cerebrospinalfluidresearch.com%2Fcontent%2F7%2F1%2F8 Conclusions: AC fluid is not identical to CSF. The differential composition of AC fluid relative to CSF supports secretion or active transport as the mechanism underlying cyst filling. Oncotic pressure gradients or slit-valves as mechanisms for generating fluid in temporal ACs are not supported by these results. (Source: Cerebrospinal Fluid Research) Cerebrospinal Fluid Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3650539 Wed, 09 Jun 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3650539 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3605610&cid=s_34058_25_f&fid=34058&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cerebrospinalfluidresearch.com%2Fcontent%2F7%2F1%2F7 Background: Reactive astrocytosis and microgliosis are important features of the pathophysiology of hydrocephalus, and persistent glial "scars" that form could exacerbate neuroinflammation, impair cerebral perfusion, impede neuronal regeneration, and alter biomechanical properties. The purpose of this study was to determine the efficacy of minocycline, an antibiotic known for its anti-inflammatory properties, to reduce gliosis in the H-Tx rat model of congenital hydrocephalus. Methods: Minocycline (45 mg/kg/day i.p. in 5% sucrose at a concentration of 5-10 mg/ml) was administered to hydrocephalic H-Tx rats from postnatal day 15 to day 21, when ventriculomegaly had reached moderate to severe stages. Treated animals were compared to age-matched non-hydrocephalic and untreated hydrocephalic l... Cerebrospinal Fluid Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3605610 Wed, 26 May 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3605610 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3264712&cid=s_34058_25_f&fid=34058&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cerebrospinalfluidresearch.com%2Fcontent%2F7%2F1%2F5 Conclusions: In iNPH patients, shunt response can be anticipated in 9/10 patients with elevated overnight ICP pulse amplitude, while in only 1/10 with low ICP pulse amplitude. Additionally, the CSFP pulse amplitude during lumbar infusion testing was elevated in patients with elevated over-night ICP pulse amplitude. In particular, measurement of CSFP pulse amplitude during a standardized infusion of 15 ml Ringer over 10 min was useful in predicting response to shunt surgery and can be used as a screening procedure for selection of iNPH patients for shunting. (Source: Cerebrospinal Fluid Research) Cerebrospinal Fluid Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3264712 Fri, 12 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3264712 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3256795&cid=s_34058_25_f&fid=34058&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cerebrospinalfluidresearch.com%2Fcontent%2F7%2F1%2F4 Conclusions: The data suggest that the impediment to lymphatic CSF absorption in a kaolin-induced model of communicating hydrocephalus has a significant impact on global CSF absorption. A lymphatic CSF absorption deficit would appear to play some role (either direct or indirect) in the pathogenesis of ventriculomegaly. (Source: Cerebrospinal Fluid Research) Cerebrospinal Fluid Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3256795 Wed, 10 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3256795 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3191271&cid=s_34058_25_f&fid=34058&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cerebrospinalfluidresearch.com%2Fcontent%2F7%2F1%2F3 Conclusion: These CSF rhythms are the first reports of sodium chronobiology in the human nervous system. The results are consistent with our hypothesis that rising levels of extracellular sodium may contribute to the timing of migraine onset. The physiological importance of sodium in the nervous system suggests that these rhythms may have additional repercussions on ultradian functions. (Source: Cerebrospinal Fluid Research) Cerebrospinal Fluid Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3191271 Wed, 20 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3191271 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3158586&cid=s_34058_25_f&fid=34058&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cerebrospinalfluidresearch.com%2Fcontent%2F7%2F1%2F2 Conclusion: Transcripts for hENT1-3 and hCNT3 were detected in human CP; mRNA for hENT3, an intracellularly located nucleoside transporter, was the most abundant. Human CP took up radiolabelled inosine by both concentrative and equilibrative processes. Concentrative uptake was probably mediated by hCNT3; the equilibrative uptake was mediated only by hENT2. The hENT1 transport activity was absent, which could suggest either that this protein was absent in the CP cells or that it was confined to the basolateral side of the CP epithelium. (Source: Cerebrospinal Fluid Research) Cerebrospinal Fluid Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3158586 Mon, 11 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3158586 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3187298&cid=s_34058_25_f&fid=34058&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cerebrospinalfluidresearch.com The cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) system functions to provide nutrients to and to remove waste products from the brain. Recent findings suggest, however, that in addition, the CSF contains message molecules in the form of actively released neuroactive substances. The concentrations of these are variable over time and between locations, suggesting they are important for the changes in brain activity that underlie different brain states, as reflected by different sensory input and behavioral output relationships.The cranial CSF displays a rapid caudally-directed ventricular flow followed by a slower rostrally-directed subarachnoid flow (mainly towards the cribriform plate and from there into the nasal lymphatics). Thus, many brain areas are exposed to and can be influenced by substances containe... Cerebrospinal Fluid Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3187298 Wed, 06 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3187298 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3131671&cid=s_34058_25_f&fid=34058&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cerebrospinalfluidresearch.com Conclusions: Infusing hyperosmolar solutions of dextran, or FGF into the ventricles chronically, resulted in ventricular enlargement. These solutions increase the osmotic load in the ventricles. Water influx (through the choroid plexus CSF secretion and/or through the brain) into the ventricles to normalize this osmotic gradient results in hydrocephalus. We need to revise the popular theory of how fluid accumulates in the ventricles at least in some forms of hydrocephalus. (Source: Cerebrospinal Fluid Research) Cerebrospinal Fluid Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3131671 Fri, 11 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3131671 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3006093&cid=s_34058_25_f&fid=34058&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cerebrospinalfluidresearch.com%2Fcontent%2F6%2F1%2F15 Conclusions: This study demonstrates that A2B receptor activation enhances ciliary beat frequency in lateral ventricle ependymal cells. Ependymal cell ciliary beat frequency regulation may play an important role in cerebral fluid balance and cerebral spinal fluid dynamics. (Source: Cerebrospinal Fluid Research) Cerebrospinal Fluid Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3006093 Wed, 18 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3006093 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2997618&cid=s_34058_25_f&fid=34058&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cerebrospinalfluidresearch.com%2Fcontent%2F6%2F1%2F14 In a recent article, elevated cerebrospinal fluid pressure (CSFP) consistent with very early normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH), was found in a small subset of Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients (possible AD-NPH hybrids) enrolled in a clinical trial for chronic low-flow cerebrospinal fluid drainage. Also in the same study, was another interesting finding that merits further discussion: a substantial proportion of AD patients had very low CSFP. Based on the characteristics of these subjects, we hypothesize that more advanced AD may be associated with a decrease in CSFP. Reduced CSFP among a group of AD patients could provide a clue towards a better understanding of the high rate of comorbidity reported between AD and glaucoma since it has been shown that mean CSFP is lower in subjects with ... Cerebrospinal Fluid Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2997618 Mon, 16 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100 2997618 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2949308&cid=s_34058_25_f&fid=34058&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cerebrospinalfluidresearch.com%2Fcontent%2F6%2F1%2F13 Conclusions: In this preliminary proof-of-concept study, a rapid diagnosis of TBM could be achieved using LAM antigen detection. Although specificity was sub-optimal, the estimates provided here may be unreliable because of a classification bias inherent in the study design where it was not possible to exclude TBM in the presumed non-TBM cases owing to a lack of clinical follow-up. As PCR is largely unavailable, the LAM assay may well prove to be a useful adjunct for the rapid diagnosis of TBM in high HIV-incidence settings. These preliminary results justify further enquiry and prospective studies are now required to definitively establish the place of this technology for the diagnosis of TBM. (Source: Cerebrospinal Fluid Research) Cerebrospinal Fluid Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2949308 Mon, 02 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100 2949308 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2773577&cid=s_34058_25_f&fid=34058&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cerebrospinalfluidresearch.com%2Fcontent%2F6%2F1%2F10 Conclusions Unique morphology and biochemistry features of abundant and discrete membrane-bound CSF nanostructures are described. Prostaglandin H synthase activity, essential for prostanoid production and previously unknown in CSF, is localized to nanospheres. Considering CSF bulk flow and its circulatory dynamics, we propose that these nanostructures provide signaling mechanisms via volume transmission within the nervous system that are for slower, more diffuse, and of longer duration than synaptic transmission. (Source: Cerebrospinal Fluid Research) Cerebrospinal Fluid Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2773577 Sun, 06 Sep 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2773577 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2669340&cid=s_34058_25_f&fid=34058&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cerebrospinalfluidresearch.com%2Fcontent%2F6%2F1%2F9 Background: Sheep are seasonal breeders. The key factor governing seasonal changes in the reproductive activity of the ewe is increased negative feedback of estradiol at the level of the hypothalamus under long-day conditions. It has previously been demonstrated that when gonadotropin secretions are inhibited during long days, there is a higher concentration of estradiol in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) than during short days. This suggests an involvement of the CSF and choroid plexus in the neuroendocrine regulatory loop, but the mechanisms underlying this phenomenon remain unknown. One possible explanation of this difference in hormonal content is an effect of concentration or dilution caused by variations in CSF secretion rate. The aim of this study was thus to investigate changes in th... Cerebrospinal Fluid Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2669340 Mon, 03 Aug 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2669340 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2565580&cid=s_34058_25_f&fid=34058&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cerebrospinalfluidresearch.com%2Fcontent%2F6%2F1%2F8 Conclusions: The C 4 Reibergram can be used to quantify the intrathecal synthesis of this component of the complement system in different infectious diseases of the central nervous system and is especially useful for patients with blood-brain barrier dysfunction. (Source: Cerebrospinal Fluid Research) Cerebrospinal Fluid Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2565580 Wed, 01 Jul 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2565580 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2492069&cid=s_34058_25_f&fid=34058&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cerebrospinalfluidresearch.com%2Fcontent%2F6%2F1%2F7 Conclusion: Removal of the fibrous band and the outer dural layer, at level of foramen magnum, together with the incision of inner dural layer seems to be good technique in adult CMI patients. Advantages are short operation time, no need for duraplasty, sufficient posterior fossa decompression, absence of CSF fistulas as a result of extraarachnoidal working, and short duration of hospitalization. Hence this surgical technique has advantages compared to other techniques. (Source: Cerebrospinal Fluid Research) Cerebrospinal Fluid Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2492069 Sun, 21 Jun 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2492069 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2444428&cid=s_34058_25_f&fid=34058&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cerebrospinalfluidresearch.com%2Fcontent%2F6%2F1%2F6 Conclusions: Assessment of attention functions in children with SBM by traditional tests may be misleading, because this paediatric population with complex cerebral malformations has difficulty with the cognitive and visual-motor requirements. To control for these interactions, the use of both traditional and computerized attention tests is recommended. (Source: Cerebrospinal Fluid Research) Cerebrospinal Fluid Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2444428 Thu, 28 May 2009 04:00:00 +0100 2444428 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2437993&cid=s_34058_25_f&fid=34058&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cerebrospinalfluidresearch.com%2Fcontent%2F6%2F1%2F5 Conclusions: The results suggest that needle size, at least for 22-25G, does not affect the results of RI cisternographic diagnostic tests for CSF leakage in intracranial hypotension. (Source: Cerebrospinal Fluid Research) Cerebrospinal Fluid Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2437993 Wed, 27 May 2009 04:00:00 +0100 2437993 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2434668&cid=s_34058_25_f&fid=34058&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cerebrospinalfluidresearch.com%2Fcontent%2F6%2F1%2F4 Conclusions: Neonatal rats with and without hydrocephalus had low expression of Abeta and its transporters when compared to adult rats with hydrocephalus. No statistical differences were observed in Abeta and its transporters between the control and hydrocephalic neonatal animals. (Source: Cerebrospinal Fluid Research) Cerebrospinal Fluid Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2434668 Tue, 26 May 2009 04:00:00 +0100 2434668 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2278793&cid=s_34058_25_f&fid=34058&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cerebrospinalfluidresearch.com%2Fcontent%2F6%2F1%2F3 Conclusion: This study has demonstrated that the cold sensation receptor channel, TRPM8, is localised within the dCSF-CNs of the mesencephalon. TRPM8 acts as receptor of dCSF-CNs for sensation transmission and pain regulation. (Source: Cerebrospinal Fluid Research) Cerebrospinal Fluid Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2278793 Tue, 17 Mar 2009 04:00:00 +0100 2278793 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2222005&cid=s_34058_25_f&fid=34058&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cerebrospinalfluidresearch.com%2Fcontent%2F5%2F1%2F21 Conclusion: Independent of the pathogenesis, neonatal HPHC is associated with the activation of the pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-18 and IFNγ) in the CSF, whereas CSF apoptosis biomarkers (sFasL) were unchanged. This suggests that anti-inflammatory treatment (in addition to shunting) could be helpful to preserve cerebral white matter. (Source: Cerebrospinal Fluid Research) Cerebrospinal Fluid Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2222005 Wed, 31 Dec 2008 05:00:00 +0100 2222005 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2073336&cid=s_34058_25_f&fid=34058&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cerebrospinalfluidresearch.com%2Fcontent%2F5%2F1%2F21 Conclusion: Independent of the pathogenesis, neonatal HPHC is associated with the activation of the pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-18 and IFNgamma) in the CSF, whereas CSF apoptosis biomarkers (sFasL) were unchanged. This suggests that anti-inflammatory treatment (in addition to shunting) could be helpful to preserve cerebral white matter. (Source: Cerebrospinal Fluid Research) Cerebrospinal Fluid Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2073336 Wed, 31 Dec 2008 05:00:00 +0100 2073336 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2073337&cid=s_34058_25_f&fid=34058&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cerebrospinalfluidresearch.com%2Fcontent%2F5%2F1%2F20 Conclusion: Fgf2 expression early in the development of both human and rodent choroid plexus, and its ability to modulate behaviour and gene expression in CPe, supports the view that Fgf signalling plays a role in the maintenance of integrity and function of this specialized epithelium, and that this role is conserved between rodents and humans. (Source: Cerebrospinal Fluid Research) Cerebrospinal Fluid Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2073337 Mon, 29 Dec 2008 05:00:00 +0100 2073337 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2059870&cid=s_34058_25_f&fid=34058&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cerebrospinalfluidresearch.com%2Fcontent%2F5%2F1%2F18 Conclusion: Intrathecal synthesis of IgE demonstrates the participation of this immunoglobulin in the destruction of the third stage larvae of the parasite in the CSF. The test should be considered in our environment as a tool to aid diagnosis. (Source: Cerebrospinal Fluid Research) Cerebrospinal Fluid Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2059870 Tue, 25 Nov 2008 05:00:00 +0100 2059870 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1933758&cid=s_34058_25_f&fid=34058&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cerebrospinalfluidresearch.com%2Fcontent%2F5%2F1%2F17 Conclusion: Shunt infection was established in the canine model, and had the experiment been extended beyond four weeks the typical microbiological, pathological and clinical features might have appeared. The occurrence of unplanned shunt infections in control animals due to canine normal skin flora reflects human clinical experience and underlines the usual source of bacteria causing shunt infection. (Source: Cerebrospinal Fluid Research) Cerebrospinal Fluid Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1933758 Fri, 24 Oct 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1933758 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1905278&cid=s_34058_25_f&fid=34058&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cerebrospinalfluidresearch.com%2Fcontent%2F5%2F1%2F17 Conclusions: Shunt infection was established in the canine model, and had the experiment been extended beyond four weeks the typical microbiological, pathological and clinical features might have appeared. The occurrence of unplanned shunt infections in control animals due to canine normal skin flora reflects human clinical experience and underlines the usual source of bacteria causing shunt infection. (Source: Cerebrospinal Fluid Research) Cerebrospinal Fluid Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1905278 Fri, 24 Oct 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1905278 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1704509&cid=s_34058_25_f&fid=34058&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cerebrospinalfluidresearch.com%2Fcontent%2F5%2F1%2F13 This report highlights a conference designed for patient education on elevated cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pressure. The conference centered on chronic intracranial hypertension (IH) including the latest research and clinical information. It was sponsored by the Intracranial Hypertension Research Foundation and held at the University of Texas Medical School, Houston, on June 21-22nd, 2008. (Source: Cerebrospinal Fluid Research) Cerebrospinal Fluid Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1704509 Wed, 13 Aug 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1704509 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1400132&cid=s_34058_25_f&fid=34058&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cerebrospinalfluidresearch.com%2Fcontent%2F5%2F1%2F9 Conclusions: We conclude that a number of biochemical changes occur after shunt surgery, but there are no marked differences between the SNPH and INPH patients. The results indicate that NFL may be a marker that can predict a surgically reversible state in NPH. (Source: Cerebrospinal Fluid Research) Cerebrospinal Fluid Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1400132 Fri, 25 Apr 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1400132 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1388619&cid=s_34058_25_f&fid=34058&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cerebrospinalfluidresearch.com%2Fcontent%2F5%2F1%2F8 Conclusion: The Polaris Valve is a reliable, adjustable valve. Unlike other adjustable valves (except the Miethke ProGAV valve), the Polaris cannot be accidentally re-adjusted by an external magnetic field. (Source: Cerebrospinal Fluid Research) Cerebrospinal Fluid Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1388619 Mon, 21 Apr 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1388619 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1366511&cid=s_34058_25_f&fid=34058&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cerebrospinalfluidresearch.com%2Fcontent%2F5%2F1%2F7 This review is a modified version of the Casey Holter Memorial prize essay presented to the Society for Research into Hydrocephalus and Spina Bifida, June 29th 2007, Heidelberg, Germany. It describes the origin and consequences of the Chiari malformation, and proposes that hydrocephalus is caused by inadequate central nervous system (CNS) venous drainage. A new hypothesis regarding the pathogenesis, anencephaly and spina bifida is described. Any volume increase in the central nervous system can increase venous pressure. This occurs because veins are compressible and a CNS volume increase may result in reduced venous blood flow. This has the potential to cause progressive increase in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) volume. Venous insufficiency may be caused by any disease that reduces space for... Cerebrospinal Fluid Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1366511 Fri, 11 Apr 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1366511 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1277511&cid=s_34058_25_f&fid=34058&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cerebrospinalfluidresearch.com%2Fcontent%2F5%2F1%2F5 Conclusions: The rat choroidal tissue has a significant ability to metabolize PGE2 during early postnatal life. This metabolic activity may participate in signal termination of centrally released PGE2 in the brain, or function as an enzymatic barrier acting to maintain PGE2 homeostasis in CSF during the critical early postnatal period of brain development. (Source: Cerebrospinal Fluid Research) Cerebrospinal Fluid Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1277511 Tue, 04 Mar 2008 05:00:00 +0100 1277511 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1270984&cid=s_34058_25_f&fid=34058&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cerebrospinalfluidresearch.com%2Fcontent%2F5%2F1%2F4 Conclusions: In fetal SBA, neuroepithelial/ependymal denudation in the telencephalon and the aqueduct can occur before Chiari II malformation and/or hydrocephalus. Since denuded areas cannot re-establish cell function, neuro-developmental consequences could induce permanent cerebral pathology. (Source: Cerebrospinal Fluid Research) Cerebrospinal Fluid Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1270984 Sat, 01 Mar 2008 05:00:00 +0100 1270984 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1175954&cid=s_34058_25_f&fid=34058&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cerebrospinalfluidresearch.com%2Fcontent%2F5%2F1%2F3 Conclusions: It is concluded that (i) during the late embryonic life, the rat SCO secretes compounds that remain soluble in the CSF and reach the subarachnoid space; (ii) during postnatal life, there is a reduction in the number and concentration of CSF-soluble proteins secreted by the SCO. The molecular structure and functional significance of these proteins remain to be elucidated. The possibility they are involved in brain development has been discussed. (Source: Cerebrospinal Fluid Research) Cerebrospinal Fluid Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1175954 Thu, 24 Jan 2008 05:00:00 +0100 1175954 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1169242&cid=s_34058_25_f&fid=34058&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cerebrospinalfluidresearch.com%2Fcontent%2F5%2F1%2F2 The aim of this review is to refine the definition and classification of hydrocephalus as a preview to developing an international consensus on the nomenclature of this complex condition. This proposed definition and classification is based on my own work in this area and is intended to promote a debate on the concepts presented. A literature review of contemporary definitions and classifications of hydrocephalus, and of the historic context in which these concepts developed, is presented. Based on new technology and understanding of hydrocephalus, the rationale for nomenclature is also discussed. Currently, there is no recognized definition of hydrocephalus. The failure to agree on a working definition impedes progress in understanding the pathophysiology and treatment of hydrocephalus. T... Cerebrospinal Fluid Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1169242 Tue, 22 Jan 2008 05:00:00 +0100 1169242 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1118926&cid=s_34058_25_f&fid=34058&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cerebrospinalfluidresearch.com%2Fcontent%2F4%2F1%2F11 Conclusion: The three CP cell lines analyzed in this study vary considerably with regard to the expression of AJ and TJ proteins, which is likely reflected by different barrier properties of these in vitro models of BCSFB. (Source: Cerebrospinal Fluid Research) Cerebrospinal Fluid Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1118926 Thu, 27 Dec 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1118926 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=902635&cid=s_34058_25_f&fid=34058&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cerebrospinalfluidresearch.com%2Fcontent%2F4%2F1%2F9 Conclusions: Kaolin predictably produces moderate to severe hydrocephalus with a mild chronic inflammatory reaction and fibrosis of the leptomeninges. Other synthetic polymers and biopolymers tested are unreliable and cause different types of inflammation. (Source: Cerebrospinal Fluid Research) Cerebrospinal Fluid Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=902635 Tue, 25 Sep 2007 04:00:00 +0100 902635 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=796890&cid=s_34058_25_f&fid=34058&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cerebrospinalfluidresearch.com%2Fcontent%2F4%2F1%2F7 Conclusion: Clinical motor signs of NPH subjects extend beyond gait deficits and include extrapyramidal manifestations of bradykinesia, akinesia, rigidity, and propensity to perform more poorly when external cues to move are absent. Objective improvement of some but not all of these features was seen following temporary or permanent CSF diversion. (Source: Cerebrospinal Fluid Research) Cerebrospinal Fluid Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=796890 Mon, 13 Aug 2007 04:00:00 +0100 796890 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=737421&cid=s_34058_25_f&fid=34058&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cerebrospinalfluidresearch.com%2Fcontent%2F4%2F1%2F6 Conclusions: The data obtained on the spatial distribution and en face surface area of AGs will be used in an in vitro model of CSF outflow. With an increase in the number of samples, this analysis technique can be used to study the relationship between AG surface area and variables such as age, race and gender. (Source: Cerebrospinal Fluid Research) Cerebrospinal Fluid Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=737421 Mon, 16 Jul 2007 04:00:00 +0100 737421 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=672092&cid=s_34058_25_f&fid=34058&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cerebrospinalfluidresearch.com%2Fcontent%2F4%2F1%2F5 Conclusions: Overall, these results suggest that reactive astrocytosis and microgliosis are associated with progressive untreated ventriculomegaly, but that shunt treatment can reduce the gliosis occurring with hydrocephalus. (Source: Cerebrospinal Fluid Research) Cerebrospinal Fluid Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=672092 Thu, 07 Jun 2007 04:00:00 +0100 672092 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=556853&cid=s_34058_25_f&fid=34058&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cerebrospinalfluidresearch.com%2Fcontent%2F4%2F1%2F4 A report of a meeting sponsored by the BrainChild Foundation on the challenges for hydrocephalus researchers to provide the information required for better management of cerebrospinal fluid disorders. (Source: Cerebrospinal Fluid Research) Cerebrospinal Fluid Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=556853 Thu, 19 Apr 2007 04:00:00 +0100 556853 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=502002&cid=s_34058_25_f&fid=34058&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cerebrospinalfluidresearch.com%2Fcontent%2F4%2F1%2F2 Conclusion: Patients, carers and professionals should be warned that pumping a shunts prechamber may cause a large change in intracranial pressure and predispose the patient to ventricular catheter obstruction or other complications. (Source: Cerebrospinal Fluid Research) Cerebrospinal Fluid Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=502002 Mon, 26 Mar 2007 04:00:00 +0100 502002 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=389243&cid=s_34058_25_f&fid=34058&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cerebrospinalfluidresearch.com%2Fcontent%2F4%2F1%2F1 This book on cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) proteins is primarily focused on immunoglobulins. The book was written as an extension of a meeting on multiple sclerosis to provide a more extensive consideration of the CSF. (Source: Cerebrospinal Fluid Research) Cerebrospinal Fluid Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=389243 Fri, 26 Jan 2007 07:00:00 +0100 389243 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=456476&cid=s_34058_25_f&fid=34058&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cerebrospinalfluidresearch.com%2Fcontent%2F4%2F1%2F1 This book on cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) proteins is primarily focused on immunoglobulins. The book was written as an extension of a meeting on multiple sclerosis to provide a more extensive consideration of the CSF. (Source: Cerebrospinal Fluid Research) Cerebrospinal Fluid Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=456476 Fri, 26 Jan 2007 05:00:00 +0100 456476 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=379686&cid=s_34058_25_f&fid=34058&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cerebrospinalfluidresearch.com%2Fcontent%2F3%2F1%2F14 Conclusion: Patients with sensory deficit, memory problems, and Arnold Chiari malformation had a higher risk of having pressure sores. This patient group needs improved skin inspection routines and sore treatment. (Source: Cerebrospinal Fluid Research) Cerebrospinal Fluid Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=379686 Fri, 29 Dec 2006 07:00:00 +0100 379686 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=379687&cid=s_34058_25_f&fid=34058&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cerebrospinalfluidresearch.com%2Fcontent%2F3%2F1%2F13 Conclusion: It was demonstrated that CP epithelium can be isolated and cultured, with cells growing into intact monolayers, fully differentiating and with properties resembling the tissue in vivo. Thus, the established primary porcine CP model, allowing investigation of complex transport processes, can be used as a reliable tool for analysis of xenobiotic transport across the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier (BCSFB). (Source: Cerebrospinal Fluid Research) Cerebrospinal Fluid Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=379687 Thu, 21 Dec 2006 07:00:00 +0100 379687 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=379688&cid=s_34058_25_f&fid=34058&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cerebrospinalfluidresearch.com%2Fcontent%2F3%2F1%2F12 This multi-author volume on the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier summarizes past and current research in the areas of choroid plexus and cerebrospinal fluid in health and disease. (Source: Cerebrospinal Fluid Research) Cerebrospinal Fluid Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=379688 Fri, 08 Dec 2006 07:00:00 +0100 379688 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=379689&cid=s_34058_25_f&fid=34058&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cerebrospinalfluidresearch.com%2Fcontent%2F3%2F1%2F11 Awareness of the importance of chronic adult hydrocephalus has been raised again with the recent emergence of epidemiological studies. It is estimated that between 5 and 10% of patients suffering from dementia might, in fact, have chronic hydrocephalus. Although, surgical diversion of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) represents the only known procedure able to treat the symptoms of this condition, the selection of surgical patients has always been problematic. In the last 40 years, we have become wiser in using appropriate diagnostic tests for the selection of these patients; however, the area of biological markers has so far been overlooked in this condition, in contrast to that for other neurodegenerative disorders and dementias. Biomarkers are biological substances that may be used to indi... Cerebrospinal Fluid Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=379689 Wed, 04 Oct 2006 06:00:00 +0100 379689 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=379690&cid=s_34058_25_f&fid=34058&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cerebrospinalfluidresearch.com%2Fcontent%2F3%2F1%2F7 Conclusion: Of the AD subjects who were carefully screened to exclude those with clinical NPH, 4% had elevated CSFP. These subjects were presumed to have the AD-NPH syndrome and were withdrawn from the remainder of the study. (Source: Cerebrospinal Fluid Research) Cerebrospinal Fluid Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=379690 Wed, 31 May 2006 06:00:00 +0100 379690 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=379691&cid=s_34058_25_f&fid=34058&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cerebrospinalfluidresearch.com%2Fcontent%2F3%2F1%2F6 A review of the book 'Neural Tube Defects - From Origin to Treatment' (Source: Cerebrospinal Fluid Research) Cerebrospinal Fluid Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=379691 Mon, 03 Apr 2006 06:00:00 +0100 379691 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=379692&cid=s_34058_25_f&fid=34058&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cerebrospinalfluidresearch.com%2Fcontent%2F3%2F1%2F5 Conclusion: This study demonstrated that ADA activity in the CSF of TBM patients, using a cut-off value 11.39 U/L/min, can be useful for the early differential diagnosis of TBM. This test can be performed in any pathology laboratory where more sophisticated methods are not available. (Source: Cerebrospinal Fluid Research) Cerebrospinal Fluid Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=379692 Thu, 30 Mar 2006 07:00:00 +0100 379692