MedWorm.com provides a medical RSS filtering service. Over 6000 RSS medical sources are combined and output via different filters. This feed contains the latest items from the 'Chembiochem' source. Mon, 06 Feb 2012 13:31:37 +0100 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5654689&cid=s_37781_60_f&fid=37781&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22298299%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Reckel S, Lopez JJ, Löhr F, Glaubitz C, Dötsch V Abstract A major limitation of solution NMR is molecular tumbling, which is often too slow for detection. Here we demonstrate that solid-state NMR spectroscopy in combination with flash freezing of cells can be used to detect proteins in the cellular environment and provides information on backbone chemical shifts. PMID: 22298299 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Chembiochem) Chembiochem journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5654689 Wed, 01 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5654689 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5654692&cid=s_37781_60_f&fid=37781&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22287061%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, we rationally designed and performed site-specific mutations in order to pinpoint the sequence determinants of the lasso topology. Structures of the resulting variants were analysed by a combination of methods (mass spectrometry, NMR spectroscopy, enzymatic digestion), and correlated to the antibacterial activity. The selected mutations resulted in the production of branched-cyclic or lasso variants. The C-terminal residues below the ring (Tyr20, Gly21) and the size of the macrolactam ring were revealed to be critical for both the lasso scaffold and bioactivity, while shortening the loop region (Tyr9-Ser18) or extending the C-terminal tail below the ring did not alter the lasso structure, but differentially affected the antibacterial activity. These results provide new insig... Chembiochem journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5654692 Fri, 27 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5654692 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5654690&cid=s_37781_60_f&fid=37781&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22287087%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, we identified for the first time, from a genome database of P. amygdali, a gene (papt) encoding a prenyltransferase that reversibly transfers dimethylallyl diphosphate (DMAPP) to the 6'-hydroxy group of the glucose moiety of FC A to yield an O-prenylated sugar. An in vitro assay with a recombinant enzyme was also developed. Detailed analyses with recombinant PAPT showed that the enzyme is likely to be a monomer and requires no divalent cations. The optimum pH and temperature were 8.0 and 50 °C, respectively. K(m) values were calculated as 0.49±0.037 μM for FC P (a plausible intermediate of FC A biosynthesis) and 8.3±0.63 μM for DMAPP, with a k(cat) of 55.3±3.3×10(-3) s. The enzyme did not act on representative substrates of the above-mentioned three types of prenylt... Chembiochem journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5654690 Fri, 27 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5654690 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5636563&cid=s_37781_60_f&fid=37781&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22278953%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Pistorius D, Müller R Abstract The field of bacterial natural product research is currently undergoing a paradigm change concerning the discovery of natural products. Previously most efforts were based on isolation of the most abundant compound in an extract, or on tracking bioactivity. However, traditional activity-guided approaches are limited by the available test panels and frequently lead to the rediscovery of already known compounds. The constantly increasing availability of bacterial genome sequences provides the potential for the discovery of a huge number of new natural compounds by in silico identification of biosynthetic gene clusters. Examination of the information on the biosynthetic machinery can further prevent rediscovery of known compounds, and can help i... Chembiochem journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5636563 Wed, 25 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5636563 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5636562&cid=s_37781_60_f&fid=37781&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22278966%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Spence E, Dunlap WC, Shick JM, Long PF Abstract Route of the sun block: According to empirical evidence, sun-screening mycosporine-like amino acids (MAAs) in Eukarya originate from the shikimic acid pathway, whereas in cyanobacteria, biosynthesis of the MAA shinorine reportedly occurs through the pentose phosphate pathway. However, gene deletion shows that the cyanobacterium Anabaena variabilis ATCC 29143 does not biosynthesise shinorine exclusively by this route. PMID: 22278966 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Chembiochem) Chembiochem journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5636562 Wed, 25 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5636562 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5636561&cid=s_37781_60_f&fid=37781&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22278977%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Xie X, Marahiel MA Abstract Lasso peptides: unique structure and unusual stability: The highly ordered structures of lasso peptides comprising 16-21 amino acids render them unusually stable. The extremely neat 2D NMR spectra obtained in organic solvents makes NMR a powerful tool for determining these lasso structures. PMID: 22278977 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Chembiochem) Chembiochem journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5636561 Wed, 25 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5636561 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5636560&cid=s_37781_60_f&fid=37781&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22278994%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Stafforst T Abstract A FlAsH of potential: The specific binding of the biarsenical probe to the tetracysteine motif has matured as a tool for cell biology studies. Combining two such binders in one probe generates a useful reporter of protein dimerization events. The current state of art and the perspective for future developments are highlighted. PMID: 22278994 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Chembiochem) Chembiochem journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5636560 Wed, 25 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5636560 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5636571&cid=s_37781_60_f&fid=37781&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22271523%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Amano M, Hashimoto R, Nishimura SI Abstract Gene knock-out of C-type lectin receptors expressed in dendritic cells induced significant alteration of serum N-glycans compared with that of gender-matched controls. Glycotyping analysis suggested that putative-core fucosylation is strongly influenced by differences in the dominant mechanisms after carbohydrate recognition by pattern-recognition receptors, endocytosis of ligands, or induction of cytokines/chemokines. However, the loss of galectin-9, a ligand for T-helper type 1-specific cell-surface molecule, did not affect most N-glycan profiles. Interestingly, lack of the Chst3 gene (chondroitin 6-sulfotransferase) appeared to influence markedly the expression of most N-glycans, especially highly modified glycoforms bearing m... Chembiochem journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5636571 Tue, 24 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5636571 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5636564&cid=s_37781_60_f&fid=37781&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22275147%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Venkataraman H, de Beer SB, van Bergen LA, van Essen N, Geerke DP, Vermeulen NP, Commandeur JN Abstract Inversion of stereoselectivity: screening of a minimal mutant library revealed a cytochrome P450 BM3 variant M01 A82W S72I capable of producing 16 α-OH-testosterone. Remarkably, a single active site mutation S72I in M01 A82W inverted the stereoselectivity of hydroxylation from 16 β to 16 α. Introduction of S72I mutation in another 16 β-OH-selective variant M11 V87I, also resulted in similar inversion of stereoselectivity. PMID: 22275147 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Chembiochem) Chembiochem journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5636564 Tue, 24 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5636564 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5636570&cid=s_37781_60_f&fid=37781&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22271561%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Reboll MR, Ritter B, Sasse F, Niggemann J, Frank R, Nourbakhsh M Abstract Elevated expression of interleukin-8 (IL-8) has been implicated in inflammatory diseases, in tumor growth, and in angiogenesis. The aim of this study was to identify natural or synthetic compounds that suppress IL-8 production in response to interleukin-1 (IL-1), the natural inflammatory stimulus of the IL-8 gene. We therefore developed an IL-1-inducible cell-based screening assay by stable integration of an IL-8 reporter gene into HeLa S3 cells. The screening of heterogeneous compound libraries revealed several compounds that displayed an inhibitory effect on the reporter gene expression. Following hit validation, we focused on the most efficient compound, spirangien A, and its chemical derivate spi... Chembiochem journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5636570 Mon, 23 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5636570 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5636569&cid=s_37781_60_f&fid=37781&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22271570%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Pang Y, Xu Z, Sato Y, Nishizawa S, Teramae N Abstract The binding of nucleosides to abasic site (AP site)-containing DNA duplexes (AP-DNAs) carrying complementary nucleosides opposite the AP site was investigated by thermal denaturation and isothermal titration calorimetric (ITC) experiments. Purine nucleosides show high affinities (K(d) =14.1 μM for adenosine and 41.8 μM for guanosine) for binding to the AP-DNAs, and the interactions are driven primarily by the enthalpy change, similarly to the case of DNA intercalators. In contrast, pyrimidine nucleosides do not show noticeable binding to the AP-DNAs, thus suggesting that stacking interaction at the AP site plays a key role in the binding of purine nucleosides to the AP-DNAs, as revealed by ITC measurements. Next, to a... Chembiochem journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5636569 Mon, 23 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5636569 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5636568&cid=s_37781_60_f&fid=37781&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22271631%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Ceo LM, Koh JT Abstract Spot lit: Photocaged nucleic acids have been used to regulate gene expression through the action of light. Whereas most methods target mRNAs, DNA decoys have recently been used to target DNA transcription by targeting specific DNA-transcription-factor interactions. This has allowed researchers to "turn-off" transcription through the action of light on caged nucleic acids for the first time. PMID: 22271631 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Chembiochem) Chembiochem journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5636568 Mon, 23 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5636568 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5636567&cid=s_37781_60_f&fid=37781&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22271643%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Hernández-Ortega A, Ferreira P, Merino P, Medina M, Guallar V, Martínez AT Abstract Primary alcohol oxidation by aryl-alcohol oxidase (AAO), a flavoenzyme providing H(2) O(2) to ligninolytic peroxidases, is produced by concerted proton and hydride transfers, as shown by substrate and solvent kinetic isotope effects (KIEs). Interestingly, when the reaction was investigated with synthesized (R)- and (S)-α-deuterated p-methoxybenzyl alcohol, a primary KIE (≈6) was observed only for the R enantiomer, revealing that the hydride transfer is highly stereoselective. Docking of p-methoxybenzyl alcohol at the buried crystal active site, together with QM/MM calculations, showed that this stereoselectivity is due to the position of the hydride- and proton-receiving atoms (flavin ... Chembiochem journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5636567 Mon, 23 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5636567 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5636566&cid=s_37781_60_f&fid=37781&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22271654%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Yapici E, Reddy DR, Miller LW Abstract Protein-protein interactions (PPIs) are central to biological processes and represent an important class of therapeutic targets. Here we show that the interaction between FK506-binding protein 12 fused to green fluorescent protein (GFP-FKBP) and the rapamycin-binding domain of mTor fused to Escherichia coli dihydrofolate reductase (FRB-eDHFR) can be sensitively detected (signal-to-background ratio (S/B)>100) and accurately quantified within an impure cell lysate matrix using a luminescence resonance energy transfer (LRET) assay. Ascomycin-mediated inhibition of GFP-FKBP-rapamycin-FRB-eDHFR complex formation was also detected at high S/B ratio (>80) and Z'-factor (0.89). The method leverages the selective, stable binding of trime... Chembiochem journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5636566 Mon, 23 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5636566 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5636565&cid=s_37781_60_f&fid=37781&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22271667%26dopt%3DAbstract In this report, we employed a chemical approach to extend this hydrophobic tagging methodology to highly stabilized proteins by synthesizing and evaluating a library of HyTs, which led to the identification of HyT36. PMID: 22271667 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Chembiochem) Chembiochem journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5636565 Mon, 23 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5636565 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5618501&cid=s_37781_60_f&fid=37781&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22246811%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: PMID: 22246811 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Chembiochem) Chembiochem journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5618501 Sun, 22 Jan 2012 17:31:19 +0100 5618501 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5618500&cid=s_37781_60_f&fid=37781&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22246812%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: PMID: 22246812 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Chembiochem) Chembiochem journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5618500 Sun, 22 Jan 2012 17:31:10 +0100 5618500 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5618495&cid=s_37781_60_f&fid=37781&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22262667%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Dehnert KW, Baskin JM, Laughlin ST, Beahm BJ, Naidu NN, Amacher SL, Bertozzi CR Abstract The sialome is comprised of sialylated glycoproteins and glycolipids that play essential roles in cell-cell communication. Using azide-modified molecular precursors of sialic acids and copper-free click chemistry, we visualized the spatiotemporal dynamics of the sialome in live zebrafish embryos. PMID: 22262667 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Chembiochem) Chembiochem journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5618495 Fri, 20 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5618495 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5618497&cid=s_37781_60_f&fid=37781&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22262644%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Zako T, Sakono M, Kobayashi T, Sörgjerd K, Nilsson KP, Hammarström P, Lindgren M, Maeda M Abstract Needles and noodles: Studying amyloid toxicity is important for understanding protein misfolding diseases. Using a luminescent conjugated polythiophene, we found that cell binding of nontoxic filamentous amyloids of insulin and β2-microglobulin was less efficient than that of toxic fibrillar amyloids; this suggests a correlation between amyloid toxicity and cell binding. PMID: 22262644 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Chembiochem) Chembiochem journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5618497 Thu, 19 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5618497 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5618496&cid=s_37781_60_f&fid=37781&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22262650%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Zandberg WF, Gao N, Kumarasamy J, Lehrman MA, Seidah NG, Pinto BM Abstract In a cell-based assay for novel inhibitors, we have discovered that two glycosides of 5-thiomannose, each containing an interglycosidic nitrogen atom, prevented the correct zymogen processing of the prohormone proopiomelanocortinin (POMC) and the transcription factor sterol-regulatory element-binding protein-2 (SREBP-2) in mouse pituitary cells and Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells, respectively. In the case of SREBP-2, these effects were correlated with the altered N-linked glycosylation of subtilisin/kexin-like isozyme-1 (SKI-1), the protease responsible for SREBP-2 processing under sterol-limiting conditions. Further examination of the effects of these compounds in CHO cells showed that they caus... Chembiochem journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5618496 Thu, 19 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5618496 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5618494&cid=s_37781_60_f&fid=37781&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22262670%26dopt%3DAbstract "Clicking" on the Lights To Reveal Bacterial Social Networking. Chembiochem. 2012 Jan 19; Authors: Clevenger KD, Fast W Abstract "No man is an island."([1]) With apologies to John Donne, the same could be said for a bacterium. The discovery of bacterial quorum sensing and its relevance to microbial ecology and pathogenesis have fueled the increasing scrutiny of the molecular mechanisms responsible for the apparent group behavior of microbes.([2]) A number of chemically diverse small molecules act as diffusible signaling molecules that regulate gene expression in a population-dependent manner. Some of these signals, such as the N-acyl-L-homoserine lactones, are produced and sensed by others in the same or closely related species, and other chemical classes of signals are use... Chembiochem journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5618494 Thu, 19 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5618494 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5618499&cid=s_37781_60_f&fid=37781&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22250000%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Nelson KE, Ihms HE, Mazumdar D, Bruesehoff PJ, Lu Y Abstract DNAzymes are catalytically active DNA molecules that use metal cofactors for their enzymatic functions. While a growing number of DNAzymes with diverse functions and metal selectivities have been reported, the relationships between metal ion selectivity, conserved sequences and structures responsible for selectivity remain to be elucidated. To address this issue, we report biochemical assays of a family of previously reported in vitro selected DNAzymes. This family includes the clone 11 DNAzyme, which was isolated by positive and negative selection, and the clone 18 DNAzyme, which was isolated by positive selection alone. The clone 11 DNAzyme has a higher selectivity for Co(2+) over Pb(2+) compared with clone 18.... Chembiochem journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5618499 Tue, 17 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5618499 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5618498&cid=s_37781_60_f&fid=37781&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22253097%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Wei H, Xu L, Yu M, Zhang L, Wang H, Wei X, Ruan Y Abstract Twenty-two β-resorcylic acid lactones (RALs) were evaluated for cytotoxicity against human breast cancer cells to find their structure-activity relationship (SAR). Monocillin II, a trans-enone RAL without epoxy and conjugated dienone, was found to have higher activity in inhibiting tumor cell growth in both in vitro experiment and in vivo nude xenografted mice model than its analogue radicicol, an anticancer lead compound. We demonstrated for the first time that monocillin II could arrest breast cancer cell cycle in G1 phase, which might partially be the result of its inhibition effect on the phosphorylation of the Thr160 residue of cyclin dependent kinase 2 (CDK2), a key enzyme in cell-cycle regulation. Moreover,... Chembiochem journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5618498 Tue, 17 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5618498 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5595056&cid=s_37781_60_f&fid=37781&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22238158%26dopt%3DAbstract This study illustrates that the activity of a mitochondria-localizing agent can be controlled through alterations in peptide hydrophobicity and dosing concentrations. PMID: 22238158 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Chembiochem) Chembiochem journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5595056 Wed, 11 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5595056 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5595055&cid=s_37781_60_f&fid=37781&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22238174%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Swedberg JE, Harris JM Abstract The serine protease plasmin is ubiquitously expressed throughout the human body in the form of the zymogen plasminogen. Conversion to active plasmin occurs through enzymatic cleavage by plasminogen activators. The plasminogen activator/plasmin system has a well-established function in the removal of intravascular fibrin deposition through fibrinolysis and the inhibition of plasmin activity; this has found widespread clinical use in reducing perioperative bleeding. Increasing evidence also suggests diverse, although currently less defined, roles for plasmin in a number of physiological and pathological processes relating to extracellular matrix degradation, cell migration and tissue remodelling. In particular, dysregulation of plasmin has bee... Chembiochem journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5595055 Wed, 11 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5595055 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5595057&cid=s_37781_60_f&fid=37781&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22234942%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Lindenburg L, Merkx M Abstract (R)evolution of protein-based calcium sensors: Expanding the toolbox of genetically encoded calcium sensors with new colors and traits is important for understanding calcium signaling and its relation to other intracellular pathways. Campbell and co-workers have used a new directed-evolution strategy to develop a rich palette of new sensors, including the first red-shifted, genetically encoded calcium sensor. PMID: 22234942 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Chembiochem) Chembiochem journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5595057 Tue, 10 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5595057 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5576417&cid=s_37781_60_f&fid=37781&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22223604%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Schaefer K, Albers J, Sindhuwinata N, Peters T, Meyer B Abstract Glycosyltransferases play an important role in the formation of oligosaccharides and glycoconjugates. To find suitable and selective inhibitors for this class of enzymes is still challenging. Here, we describe a novel concept that allows the design of inhibitors based on the structure of the donor substrate binding pocket. As a first step we describe the design, synthesis and analysis of inhibitors of the human blood group B galactosyltransferase (GTB). This enzyme served as a model system to study the concept, which can be used for easy access of glycosyltransferase inhibitors in general. In silico docking of bicyclic heteroaromatic ligands to GTB and experimental verification of binding affinities by satura... Chembiochem journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5576417 Thu, 05 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5576417 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5576416&cid=s_37781_60_f&fid=37781&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22223621%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Chiu HP, Grünewald J, Hao X, Brock A, Okach L, Uno T, Geierstanger BH Abstract Sticky residue: Pyrroline-carboxy-lysine (Pcl) can be readily incorporated into proteins expressed in E. coli and mammalian cells by using the pyrrolysyl tRNA/tRNA synthetase pair. Pcl can be used as a single amino acid purification tag and can be site-specifically modified with functional probes during the elution process. PMID: 22223621 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Chembiochem) Chembiochem journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5576416 Thu, 05 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5576416 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5576419&cid=s_37781_60_f&fid=37781&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22213275%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Pech M, Nierhaus KH Abstract Per aspera ad astra: Kinetic isotope effects have indicated a new and comprehensive picture of the central ribosomal enzymatic activity, peptide-bond formation. To this end, isotopes were incorporated in the positions highlighted in red. PMID: 22213275 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Chembiochem) Chembiochem journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5576419 Mon, 02 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5576419 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5576418&cid=s_37781_60_f&fid=37781&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22213418%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Broncel M, Serwa RA, Tate EW Abstract Tagging protein AMPylation: A new chemical reporter for AMPylation, recently identified as a key post-translational modification during bacterial infection, is a robust tool for detecting and identifying AMPylated proteins in vitro. PMID: 22213418 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Chembiochem) Chembiochem journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5576418 Mon, 02 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5576418 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5544453&cid=s_37781_60_f&fid=37781&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22190442%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Neal A, Gölitz P PMID: 22190442 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Chembiochem) Chembiochem journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5544453 Wed, 28 Dec 2011 06:13:04 +0100 5544453 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5544452&cid=s_37781_60_f&fid=37781&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22190443%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: PMID: 22190443 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Chembiochem) Chembiochem journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5544452 Wed, 28 Dec 2011 06:12:54 +0100 5544452 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5544451&cid=s_37781_60_f&fid=37781&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22190444%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: PMID: 22190444 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Chembiochem) Chembiochem journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5544451 Wed, 28 Dec 2011 06:12:44 +0100 5544451 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5544450&cid=s_37781_60_f&fid=37781&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22190449%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Frushicheva MP, Warshel A Abstract The prospect for consistent computer-aided refinement of stereoselective enzymes is explored by simulating the hydrolysis of enantiomers of an α-substituted ester by wild-type and mutant Candida antarctica lipase A, using several strategies. In particular, we focused on the use of the empirical valence bond (EVB) method in a quantitative screening for enantioselectivity, and evaluate both k(cat) and k(cat) /K(M) of the R and S stereoisomers. We found that an extensive sampling is essential for obtaining converging results. This requirement points towards possible problems with approaches that use a limited conformational sampling. However, performing the proper sampling appears to give encouraging results and to offer a powerful tool for... Chembiochem journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5544450 Wed, 21 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5544450 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5544449&cid=s_37781_60_f&fid=37781&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22190455%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Meier S, Jensen PR, Duus JO Abstract Direct observation of metabolism on a timescale of seconds shows altered usage, due to genomic differences, of one specific reaction in living E. coli K-12 and BL21. The resulting phenotypic data vary strongly when directly detecting biochemical reactions at work. PMID: 22190455 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Chembiochem) Chembiochem journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5544449 Wed, 21 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5544449 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5544448&cid=s_37781_60_f&fid=37781&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22190469%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Allard M, Dupont C, Muñoz Robles V, Doucet N, Lledós A, Maréchal JD, Urvoas A, Mahy JP, Ricoux R Abstract Here we report the best artificial metalloenzyme to date for the selective oxidation of aromatic alkenes; it was obtained by noncovalent insertion of Mn(III) -meso-tetrakis(p-carboxyphenyl)porphyrin [Mn(TpCPP), 1-Mn] into a host protein, xylanase 10A from Streptomyces lividans (Xln10A). Two metallic complexes-N,N'-ethylene bis(2-hydroxybenzylimine)-5,5'-dicarboxylic acid Mn(III) [(Mn-salen), 2-Mn] and 1-Mn-were associated with Xln10A, and the two hybrid biocatalysts were characterised by UV-visible spectroscopy, circular dichroism and molecular modelling. Only the artificial metalloenzyme based on 1-Mn and Xln10A was studied for its catalytic properties in the oxida... Chembiochem journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5544448 Wed, 21 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5544448 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5525366&cid=s_37781_60_f&fid=37781&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22162213%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: PMID: 22162213 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Chembiochem) Chembiochem journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5525366 Fri, 16 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5525366 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5525365&cid=s_37781_60_f&fid=37781&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22162214%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Vlad C, Lindner K, Karreman C, Schildknecht S, Leist M, Tomczyk N, Rontree J, Langridge J, Danzer K, Ciossek T, Petre A, Gross ML, Hengerer B, Przybylski M Abstract Gas-phase protein separation by ion mobility: With its ability to separate the Parkinson's disease protein α-synuclein and its autoproteolytic products-despite the small concentrations of the latter-ion-mobility MS has enabled the characterization of intermediate fragments in in vitro oligomerization-aggregation. In particular, a possible key fragment, the highly aggregating C-terminal fragment, αSyn(72-140), has been revealed. PMID: 22162214 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Chembiochem) Chembiochem journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5525365 Fri, 16 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5525365 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5525364&cid=s_37781_60_f&fid=37781&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22162215%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Takayama H, Takahashi S, Moriya T, Osada H, Iwabuchi Y, Kanoh N Abstract Seeing below the surface: A small-molecule droplet array platform on an NADH-immobilized solid surface and a biotinylated acetophenone derivative were developed to identify the substrate candidates for soluble P450 enzymes of interest. This methodology is thought to be easily applicable to other class I P450 systems, including those that use NADPH as cofactor. PMID: 22162215 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Chembiochem) Chembiochem journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5525364 Fri, 16 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5525364 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5525363&cid=s_37781_60_f&fid=37781&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22162216%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Farina B, Fattorusso R, Pellecchia M Abstract The RNA binding motif protein 5 (RBM5), also known as Luca15 or H37, is a component of prespliceosomal complexes that regulates the alternative splicing of several mRNAs, such as Fas and caspase-2. The RBM5 gene is located at the 2p21.3 chromosomal region, which is strongly associated with lung cancer and many other cancers. Both increased and decreased levels of RBM5 can play a role in tumor progression. In particular, downregulation of rbm5 is involved in lung cancer and other cancers upon Ras activation, and, also, represents a molecular signature associated with metastasis in various solid tumors. On the other hand, upregulation of RBM5 occurs in breast and ovarian cancer. Moreover, RBM5 was also found to be involved in the... Chembiochem journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5525363 Fri, 16 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5525363 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5525362&cid=s_37781_60_f&fid=37781&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22162217%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: PMID: 22162217 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Chembiochem) Chembiochem journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5525362 Fri, 16 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5525362 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5525356&cid=s_37781_60_f&fid=37781&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22174034%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Valette NM, Radford SE, Harris SA, Warriner SL Abstract Despite the importance of post-translational modifications in controlling the solubility and conformational properties of proteins and peptides, precisely how the aggregation propensity of different peptide sequences is modulated by chemical modification remains unclear. Here we have investigated the effect of phosphorylation on the aggregation propensity of a 13-residue synthetic peptide incorporating one or more phosphate groups at seven different sites at various pH values. Fibril formation was shown to be inhibited when a single phosphate group was introduced at all seven locations in the peptide sequence at pH 7.5, when the phosphate group is fully charged. By contrast, when the same peptides were analysed at pH ... Chembiochem journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5525356 Thu, 15 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5525356 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5525357&cid=s_37781_60_f&fid=37781&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22170584%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Halby L, Champion C, Sénamaud-Beaufort C, Ajjan S, Drujon T, Rajavelu A, Ceccaldi A, Jurkowska R, Lequin O, Nelson WG, Guy A, Jeltsch A, Guianvarc'h D, Ferroud C, Arimondo PB Abstract DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs) are responsible for DNA methylation, an epigenetic modification involved in gene regulation. Families of conjugates of procainamide, an inhibitor of DNMT1, were conceived and produced by rapid synthetic pathways. Six compounds resulted in potent inhibitors of the murine catalytic Dnmt3A/3L complex and of human DNMT1, at least 50 times greater than that of the parent compounds. The inhibitors showed selectivity for C5 DNA methyltransferases. The cytotoxicity of the inhibitors was validated on two tumour cell lines (DU145 and HCT116) and correlated with the DNMT ... Chembiochem journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5525357 Wed, 14 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5525357 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5525361&cid=s_37781_60_f&fid=37781&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22162248%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Yan X, Probst K, Linnenbrink A, Arnold M, Paululat T, Zeeck A, Bechthold A Abstract Mensacarcin is a potent cytotoxic agent isolated from Streptomyces bottropensis. It possesses a high content of oxygen atoms and two epoxide groups, and shows cytostatic and cytotoxic activity comparable to that of doxorubicin, a widely used drug for antitumor therapy. Another natural compound, rishirilide A, was also isolated from the fermentation broth of S. bottropensis. Screening a cosmid library of S. bottropensis with minimal PKS-gene-specific primers revealed the presence of three different type II polyketide synthase (PKS) gene clusters in this strain: the msn cluster (mensacarcin biosynthesis), the rsl cluster (rishirilide biosynthesis), and the mec cluster (putative spore pigment ... Chembiochem journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5525361 Mon, 12 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5525361 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5525359&cid=s_37781_60_f&fid=37781&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22162282%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Rothnagel JA, Lauridsen LH, Veedu RN Abstract The quest for effective, selective and nontoxic nucleic-acid-based drugs has led to designing modifications of naturally occurring nucleosides. A number of modified nucleic acids have been made in the past decades in the hope that they would prove useful in target-validation studies and therapeutic applications involving antisense, RNAi, aptamer, and ribozyme-based technologies. Since their invention in the early 1990s, aptamers have emerged as a very promising class of therapeutics, with one drug entering the market for the treatment of age-related macular degeneration. To combat the limitations of aptamers containing naturally occurring nucleotides, chemically modified nucleotides have to be used. In order to apply modified n... Chembiochem journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5525359 Mon, 12 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5525359 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5525358&cid=s_37781_60_f&fid=37781&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22162305%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Ma Y, Yang D, Ma Y, Zhang YH Abstract The remarkable ability of cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) to deliver cell-impermeable compounds into living cells makes them attractive transporters for use in biology and medicine. Despite their highly efficient cellular uptake, CPPs consisting of natural amino acids always suffer from degradation and endosomal entrapment, thereby greatly limiting their application in vivo. Here, we describe the preparation of novel CPPs incorporating α-aminoxy acid residues and their cellular uptake behavior. We demonstrate that introducing α-aminoxy acids into the backbones of CPPs enhances their diffuse cytosolic distribution after direct membrane translocation. We also reveal a hybrid peptide, consisting of D-α-aminoxy acids and L-α-amino aci... Chembiochem journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5525358 Mon, 12 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5525358 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5525360&cid=s_37781_60_f&fid=37781&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22162268%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Kumari S, Chowdhury J, Mishra AK, Chandna S, Saluja D, Chopra M Abstract Fluorescent labeling has enabled a better understanding of the relationships between receptor location, function, and life cycle. Each of these perspectives contributes new insights into drug action, particularly for G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). The aim of this study was to develop a fluorescein derivative, FLUO-QUIN-a novel antagonist of the cholecystokinin-B/gastrin receptor. A radioligand-binding experiment revealed an IC(50) of 4.79 nm, and the antagonist inhibited gastric acid secretion in an isolated lumen-perfused mouse stomach assay (up to 51 % at 100 nm). The fluorescence properties altered upon binding to the receptor, and the fluorophore was quenched to a greater extent when free ... Chembiochem journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5525360 Fri, 09 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5525360 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5488663&cid=s_37781_60_f&fid=37781&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22134972%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Wang RE, Pandita RK, Cai J, Hunt CR, Taylor JS Abstract Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are known to protect cells from heat, oxidative stress, and the cytotoxic effects of drugs, and thus can enhance cancer cell survival. As a result, HSPs are a newly emerging class of protein targets for chemotherapy. Among the various HSPs, the HSP70 family is the most highly conserved and prevalent. Herein we describe the development of a β-alanine rich linear polyamide that binds the GGA heat shock elements (HSEs) 3 and 4 in the HSP70 promoter in an unusual 1:1 mode and inhibits heat shock transcription factor 1 (HSF1) binding in vitro. PMID: 22134972 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Chembiochem) Chembiochem journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5488663 Thu, 01 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5488663 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5488662&cid=s_37781_60_f&fid=37781&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22134988%26dopt%3DAbstract We report here the synthesis and biochemical properties of a new peptidyl activity-based probe 1 for SUMO proteases, SENPs. The activity-based probe has at its C terminus a glycine-derived fluoromethylketone moiety as a reactive group designed to target the active-site cysteine of SENPs. Based on a study of the interactions between SENPs and SUMOs, we introduced further design elements that allow the activity-based probe to selectively target SENPs at low micromolar to high nanomolar concentrations. Moreover, 1 out-competes SUMO1 from the reversible SUMO1-SENP1 complex, thus suggesting that 1 and SUMO1 share a common binding site on SENP1. PMID: 22134988 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Chembiochem) Chembiochem journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5488662 Thu, 01 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5488662 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5488661&cid=s_37781_60_f&fid=37781&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22135012%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Bahal R, Sahu B, Rapireddy S, Lee CM, Ly DH Abstract Invasion of the strand snatchers: We have synthesized chiral γ-peptide nucleic acids containing miniPEG side chains. Using gel shift assays we show that this particular type of nucleic acid mimic can invade any sequence of double helical B-form DNA, and this recognition occurs through direct Watson-Crick base pairing. PMID: 22135012 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Chembiochem) Chembiochem journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5488661 Thu, 01 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5488661 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5488660&cid=s_37781_60_f&fid=37781&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22135039%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Calveras J, Thibodeaux CJ, Mansoorabadi SO, Liu HW Abstract The type II isopentenyl diphosphate: Dimethylallyl diphosphate isomerase (IDI-2) is a flavoenzyme catalyzing the interconversion of IPP and DMAPP. Chiral methyl analysis and proton inventory studies were used to probe the stereochemical course of this reaction. The results suggest that FMN acts as both the acid and base in IDI-2 catalysis. PMID: 22135039 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Chembiochem) Chembiochem journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5488660 Thu, 01 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5488660 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5488666&cid=s_37781_60_f&fid=37781&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22124943%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Görl J, Timm M, Seibel J Abstract An isomelezitose synthase was redesigned out of the sucrose isomerase from Protaminobacter rubrum for the synthesis of isomelezitose (6-O(F) -glucosylsucrose), a potential nutraceutical. The variants F297A, F297P, R333K, F321A_F319A and E428D catalyze the formation of isomelezitose in up to 70 % yield. PMID: 22124943 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Chembiochem) Chembiochem journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5488666 Tue, 29 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5488666 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5488665&cid=s_37781_60_f&fid=37781&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22125025%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Jędrzejczak R, Wojciechowski M, Andruszkiewicz R, Sowiński P, Kot-Wasik A, Milewski S Abstract N(3) -Oxoacyl derivatives of L-2,3-diaminopropanoic acid 1-4, containing either an epoxide group or a conjugated double bond system, inactivate Saccharomyces cerevisiae glucosamine-6-phosphate (GlcN-6-P) synthase in a time- and concentration dependent manner. The results of kinetics studies on inactivation suggested a biphasic course, with formation of the enzyme-ligand complex preceding irreversible modification of the enzyme. The examined compounds differed markedly in their affinity to the enzyme active site. Inhibitors containing a phenyl ketone moiety bound much more strongly than their methyl ketone counterparts. The molecular mechanism of enzyme inactivation by phenyl ke... Chembiochem journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5488665 Mon, 28 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5488665 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5488664&cid=s_37781_60_f&fid=37781&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22125097%26dopt%3DAbstract We report the sensitive detection of telomerase activity by using exonuclease III-aided target recycling to amplify the signal produced by a chimeric LNA-DNA molecular beacon. We demonstrate the specific detection of as few as 30 telomerase-positive breast cancer cells in a single-measurement fluorescence assay that avoids the problematic PCR and gel analysis of the current "gold-standard" assay. PMID: 22125097 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Chembiochem) Chembiochem journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5488664 Mon, 28 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5488664 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5488683&cid=s_37781_60_f&fid=37781&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22102380%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: PMID: 22102380 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Chembiochem) Chembiochem journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5488683 Fri, 25 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5488683 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5488682&cid=s_37781_60_f&fid=37781&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22102381%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: PMID: 22102381 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Chembiochem) Chembiochem journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5488682 Fri, 25 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5488682 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5488672&cid=s_37781_60_f&fid=37781&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22114054%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Bueren-Calabuig JA, Coderch C, Rico E, Jiménez-Ruiz A, Gago F Abstract Using information from wild-type and mutant Vibrio vulnificus nuclease (Vvn) and I-PpoI homing endonuclease co-crystallized with different oligodeoxynucleotides, we have built the complex of Vvn with a DNA octamer and carried out a series of simulations to dissect the catalytic mechanism of this metallonuclease in a stepwise fashion. The distinct roles played in the reaction by individual active site residues, the metal cation and water molecules have been clarified by using a combination of classical molecular dynamics simulations and quantum mechanical calculations. Our results strongly support the most parsimonious catalytic mechanism, namely one in which a single water molecule from bulk solvent is... Chembiochem journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5488672 Fri, 25 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5488672 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5488669&cid=s_37781_60_f&fid=37781&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22120896%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Siitonen V, Claesson M, Patrikainen P, Aromaa M, Mäntsälä P, Schneider G, Metsä-Ketelä M Abstract Nogalamycin is an anthracycline antibiotic that has been shown to exhibit significant cytotoxicity. Its biological activity requires two deoxysugar moieties: nogalose and nogalamine, which are attached at C7 and C1, respectively, of the aromatic polyketide aglycone. Curiously, the aminosugar nogalamine is also connected through a CC bond between C2 and C5''. Despite extensive molecular genetic characterization of early biosynthetic steps, nogalamycin glycosylation has not been investigated in detail. Here we show that expression of the majority of the gene cluster in Streptomyces albus led to accumulation of three new anthracyclines, which unexpectedly included nogalam... Chembiochem journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5488669 Fri, 25 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5488669 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5488668&cid=s_37781_60_f&fid=37781&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22121106%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Delehanty JB, Medintz IL Abstract Ferritin about: The Kim group has devised a nanoparticle-based system for monitoring intracellular bimolecular interactions in real time. The system uses the rapid, innate self-assembly of ferritin, expressing bait and prey molecules, into ordered nanoclusters whose morphology is tracked by using fluorescence microscopy. PMID: 22121106 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Chembiochem) Chembiochem journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5488668 Fri, 25 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5488668 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5488667&cid=s_37781_60_f&fid=37781&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22121114%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Sit CS, Lohans CT, van Belkum MJ, Campbell CD, Miskolzie M, Vederas JC Abstract Bridge not required: The disulfide bridge in the antibacterial peptide leucocin A was replaced with two Ser or two Leu residues. The double leucine mutant was found to be active, and elucidation of its 3D structure showed that the two leucines interact to hold the N- and C-terminal domains together. PMID: 22121114 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Chembiochem) Chembiochem journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5488667 Fri, 25 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5488667 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5488677&cid=s_37781_60_f&fid=37781&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22113829%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Teramoto H, Kojima K, Kajiwara H, Ishibashi J Abstract Toward silk production with UAAs: The strategy for residue-specific incorporation of unnatural amino acids (UAAs) into proteins was extended to silkworm cells. Here we report the incorporation of p-Cl-Phe into a reporter protein (EGFP) synthesized in silkworm cells that express an αA450G mutant of B. mori phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase with relaxed substrate specificity. PMID: 22113829 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Chembiochem) Chembiochem journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5488677 Thu, 24 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5488677 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5488676&cid=s_37781_60_f&fid=37781&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22113851%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Kapurniotu A Abstract Early steps in self-assembly: Kelly and co-workers have presented a fluorescence-based assay system that differentially detects the early oligomers and fibrils formed by the Alzheimer's disease β-amyloid peptide, Aβ, and provided evidence that in vitro Aβ amyloidogenesis proceeds through a nucleated conformational conversion of nonfibrillar oligomers into amyloid fibrils. PMID: 22113851 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Chembiochem) Chembiochem journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5488676 Thu, 24 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5488676 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5488674&cid=s_37781_60_f&fid=37781&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22113881%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Wang F, Qin L, Pace CJ, Wong P, Malonis R, Gao J Abstract Makeover of an old antibiotic: The channel-forming toxin gramicidin A (gA) has been successfully converted into agents that selectively chase after bacterial cells. These novel D-Lys-containing gA mutants display potent antimicrobial activity and remarkable therapeutic indexes (>1000-fold). PMID: 22113881 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Chembiochem) Chembiochem journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5488674 Thu, 24 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5488674 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5488673&cid=s_37781_60_f&fid=37781&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22113893%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Zhang W, Jiang SK, Wu YL, Guo CX, Zhang HF, Sugiyama H, Chen XL Abstract Base-T-specific recognition element: A chiral aliphatic amino acid, (S)-β-hydroxyl-γ-aminobutyric acid, when incorporated into polyamides, can act as a novel T-specific recognition element in DNA minor groove sequence-specific recognition event. Good flexibility of the novel T-reader implies that it could be incorporated into longer polyamides to regulate their curvature and thus allow discrimination of longer DNA sequences. PMID: 22113893 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Chembiochem) Chembiochem journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5488673 Thu, 24 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5488673 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5488671&cid=s_37781_60_f&fid=37781&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22114060%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study we investigated the initial states of this interaction with thylakoid lipid monolayers at the air-water interface by using monolayer techniques combined with infrared reflection-absorption spectroscopy (IRRAS). We used enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) as a model substrate and the signal peptide SP16 from the 16 kDa protein of the spinach oxygen-evolving complex (OEC16). We found that the signal peptide is essential for the interaction of the model substrate with lipid monolayers. IRRA spectroscopy showed an increased amount of α-helical secondary structure elements for the chimeric model substrate i16/EGFP (SP16 fused to EGFP) compared with EGFP; this can be attributed to the signal peptide. PMID: 22114060 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Chembiochem... Chembiochem journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5488671 Thu, 24 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5488671 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5488670&cid=s_37781_60_f&fid=37781&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22114066%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Majmudar JD, Gibbs RA Abstract LynF prenylates, but the prenyl migrates: Schmidt and co-workers have demonstrated that LynF from Lyngbya aestuarii is a reverse O-prenyl transferase. However, a forward C-prenylated product is obtained through a non-enzymatic Claisen rearrangement. The elucidation of this unprecedented two-step process is a significant contribution to our understanding of the biosynthesis of complex macrocyclic peptides. PMID: 22114066 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Chembiochem) Chembiochem journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5488670 Thu, 24 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5488670 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5488680&cid=s_37781_60_f&fid=37781&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22109974%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Zinchenko AA, Tanahashi M, Murata S Abstract A group of azobenzene derivatives containing two quaternary ammonium groups with various intercharge distances between them was synthesised and used to control photochemically the conformation of genomic DNA by switching the distance between cationic ammonium groups in the dications. It was found that isomerisation of either dication from the trans form to cis resulted in an increase in the dication's efficiency for DNA compaction; this is associated with a decrease in intercharge distance between ammonium groups and leads to a better match of the binder's cationic groups to adjacent phosphate groups of DNA. Ammonium dications have several important advantages over the photosensitive surfactant type of diazobenzene reported earl... Chembiochem journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5488680 Wed, 23 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5488680 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5488679&cid=s_37781_60_f&fid=37781&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22109980%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: van Leeuwen JG, Wijma HJ, Floor RJ, van der Laan JM, Janssen DB Abstract We used directed evolution to obtain enantiocomplementary haloalkane dehalogenase variants that convert the toxic waste compound 1,2,3-trichloropropane (TCP) into highly enantioenriched (R)- or (S)-2,3-dichloropropan-1-ol, which can easily be converted into optically active epichlorohydrins-attractive intermediates for the synthesis of enantiopure fine chemicals. A dehalogenase with improved catalytic activity but very low enantioselectivity was used as the starting point. A strategy that made optimal use of the limited capacity of the screening assay, which was based on chiral gas chromatography, was developed. We used pair-wise site-saturation mutagenesis (SSM) of all 16 noncatalytic active-site res... Chembiochem journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5488679 Wed, 23 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5488679 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5488678&cid=s_37781_60_f&fid=37781&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22109989%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Lu X, Zhou R, Sharma I, Li X, Kumar G, Swaminathan S, Tonge PJ, Tan DS Abstract MenE, the o-succinylbenzoate (OSB)-CoA synthetase from bacterial menaquinone biosynthesis, is a promising new antibacterial target. Sulfonyladenosine analogues of the cognate reaction intermediate, OSB-AMP, have been developed as inhibitors of the MenE enzymes from Mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtMenE), Staphylococcus aureus (saMenE) and Escherichia coli (ecMenE). Both a free carboxylate and a ketone moiety on the OSB side chain are required for potent inhibitory activity. OSB-AMS (4) is a competitive inhibitor of mtMenE with respect to ATP (K(i) =5.4±0.1 nM) and a noncompetitive inhibitor with respect to OSB (K(i) =11.2±0.9 nM). These data are consistent with a Bi Uni Uni Bi Ping-Pong kinetic ... Chembiochem journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5488678 Wed, 23 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5488678 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5488681&cid=s_37781_60_f&fid=37781&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22106026%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Fu Y, Ramisetty SR, Hussain N, Baranger AM Abstract Muscleblind-like proteins (MBNL) are RNA-binding proteins that bind to the poly(CUG) and poly(CCUG) sequences that are the causative agents of myotonic dystrophy. It has been suggested that as a result of binding to the repeating RNA sequences, MBNL1 is abnormally expressed and translocated, which leads to many of the misregulated events in myotonic dystrophy. In this work, steady-state fluorescence quenching experiments suggest that MBNL1 alters the structure of helical RNA targets upon binding, which may explain the selectivity of MBNL1 for less structured RNA sites. The removal of one pair of zinc fingers greatly impairs the binding affinity of MBNL1, which indicates that the two pairs of zinc fingers might possibly in... Chembiochem journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5488681 Tue, 22 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5488681 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5488684&cid=s_37781_60_f&fid=37781&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22095664%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Moody P, Smith ME, Ryan CP, Chudasama V, Baker JR, Molloy J, Caddick S Abstract Bromomaleimides are versatile scaffolds that allow facile conjugation of thiolated biomolecules. Here we demonstrate that bromomaleimide-linked GFP-rhodamine FRET pairs cleave in the cytoplasm of mammalian cells. We believe that bromomaleimide scaffolds provide a potential core structure for prodrugs designed to release bioactive cargo following cell internalisation. PMID: 22095664 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Chembiochem) Chembiochem journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5488684 Fri, 18 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5488684 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5488685&cid=s_37781_60_f&fid=37781&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22095630%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Li X, Wang Y, Guo J, Tang X Abstract Triple-helix-forming oligonucleotides (TFOs) are widespread in the genome and have been found in regulatory regions, especially in promoter zones and recombination hotspots of DNA. To specifically detect these polypurine sequences, we designed and synthesized two dual pyrene-labeled single-strand oligonucleotide probes (TFO-FPs) consisting of recognition, linker, and detection sequences. The hybridization processes of TFO-FPs with target polypurine oligonucleotides involve both Watson-Crick and Hoogsteen base-pairings. Through double sensing of oligonucleotide sequences, single mutations of target oligonucleotides are detected by monitoring changes in pyrene fluorescence. The high specificities of the probes are maintained over a wide t... Chembiochem journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5488685 Thu, 17 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5488685 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5488688&cid=s_37781_60_f&fid=37781&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22086656%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Wu YW, Goody RS, Alexandrov K Abstract Rab GTPases play a key role in the regulation of membrane trafficking. Post-translational geranylgeranylation is critical for their biological activity and is conferred by Rab geranylgeranyl transferease (RabGGTase), together with an accessory factor, Rab escort protein (REP). Mechanistic studies of Rab prenylation and identification of RabGGTase inhibitors require sensitive reporters of Rab prenylation. In the present work, a combination of protein engineering and expressed protein ligation was used to construct a library of semisynthetic Rab7 fluorescent conjugates. In order to avoid synthesis of a large number of fluorescently labeled peptides, we developed a strategy that combined thiol-reactive dye-labeling of cysteine with in vi... Chembiochem journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5488688 Tue, 15 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5488688 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5488687&cid=s_37781_60_f&fid=37781&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22086671%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Taguchi T, Okamoto S, Hasegawa K, Ichinose K Abstract The biosynthetic gene cluster of the aromatic polyketide antibiotic actinorhodin (ACT) in Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2) carries a pair of genes, actVA-ORF5 and actVB, that encode a two-component flavin-dependent monooxygenase (FMO). Our previous studies have demonstrated that the ActVA-ORF5/ActVB system functions as a quinone-forming C-6 oxygenase in ACT biosynthesis. Furthermore, we found that this enzyme system exhibits an additional oxygenation activity with dihydrokalafungin (DHK), a proposed intermediate in the ACT biosynthetic pathway, and generates two reaction products. These compounds were revealed to be monooxygenated derivatives of kalafungin, which is spontaneously formed through oxidative lactonization of D... Chembiochem journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5488687 Tue, 15 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5488687 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5411418&cid=s_37781_60_f&fid=37781&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22076816%26dopt%3DAbstract We present a new probe for the determination of hydrogen peroxide (HP). It is based on the yellow fluorophore 4-amino-1,8-napththalimide, coupled to p-anisidine (as a redox-active group) to form a probe that is based on photoinduced electron transfer (PET). The preparation of the probe (which we refer to as "HP Green") was accomplished in four steps with good yield. Its fluorescence is independent of pH in the physiological range and quenched by a PET process that occurs between the p-anisidine redox moiety and the naphthalimide luminophore. If the p-anisidine group is oxidized by HP, PET is suppressed and fluorescence intensity is strongly increased. Addition of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) enhances the oxidation of HP Green and further improves the detection limit of HP. The use of HRP a... Chembiochem journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5411418 Fri, 11 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5411418 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5411417&cid=s_37781_60_f&fid=37781&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22076829%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Riedel T, Ghasparian A, Moehle K, Rusert P, Trkola A, Robinson JA Abstract Conformationally constrained peptidomimetics could be of great value in the design of vaccines targeting protective epitopes on viral and bacterial pathogens. But the poor immunogenicity of small synthetic molecules represents a serious obstacle for their use in vaccine development. Here, we show how a constrained epitope mimetic can be rendered highly immunogenic through multivalent display on the surface of synthetic virus-like nanoparticles. The target epitope is the V3 loop from the gp120 glycoprotein of HIV-1 bound to the neutralizing antibody F425-B4e8. The antibody-bound V3 loop adopts a β-hairpin conformation, which is effectively stabilized by transplantation onto a D-Pro-L-Pro template. T... Chembiochem journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5411417 Fri, 11 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5411417 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5411416&cid=s_37781_60_f&fid=37781&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22076845%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Yurkovich ME, Tyrakis PA, Hong H, Sun Y, Samborskyy M, Kamiya K, Leadlay PF PMID: 22076845 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Chembiochem) Chembiochem journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5411416 Fri, 11 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5411416 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5411415&cid=s_37781_60_f&fid=37781&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22076865%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Biner SM, Häner R PMID: 22076865 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Chembiochem) Chembiochem journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5411415 Fri, 11 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5411415 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5411420&cid=s_37781_60_f&fid=37781&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22069223%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Hansen JS, Vararattanavech A, Vissing T, Torres J, Emnéus J, Hélix-Nielsen C Abstract This paper describes a method to create giant protein vesicles (GPVs) of ≥10 μm by solvent-driven fusion of large vesicles (0.1-0.2 μm) with reconstituted membrane proteins. We found that formation of GPVs proceeded from rotational mixing of protein-reconstituted large unilamellar vesicles (LUVs) with a lipid-containing solvent phase. We made GPVs by using n-decane and squalene as solvents, and applied generalized polarization (GP) imaging to monitor the polarity around the protein transmembrane region of aquaporins labeled with the polarity-sensitive probe Badan. Specifically, we created GPVs of spinach SoPIP2;1 and E. coli AqpZ aquaporins. Our findings show that hydrophobic intera... Chembiochem journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5411420 Tue, 08 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5411420 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5411419&cid=s_37781_60_f&fid=37781&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22069228%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Kichik N, Tarragó T, Claasen B, Gairí M, Millet O, Giralt E PMID: 22069228 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Chembiochem) Chembiochem journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5411419 Tue, 08 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5411419 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5411423&cid=s_37781_60_f&fid=37781&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22052799%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Eisert RJ, Waters ML Abstract Histone lysine methylation is a critical marker for controlling gene expression. The position and extent of methylation (mono-, di-, or tri-) controls the binding of effector proteins that determine whether the associated DNA is expressed or not. Dysregulation of histone protein methylation has been associated with a number of types of cancer, and development of inhibitors for the effector proteins is becoming an active area of research. For this reason, understanding the mechanism by which effector proteins obtain selectivity for the different methylation states of lysine is of great interest. To this end, we have performed mutation studies on the Drosophila HP1α chromodomain, which binds H3K9Me(2) and H3K9Me(3) with approximately equal affi... Chembiochem journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5411423 Fri, 04 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5411423 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5411422&cid=s_37781_60_f&fid=37781&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22052809%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Damaraju VL, Mowles D, Smith KM, Yao SY, Young JD, Marquez VE, Cass CE Abstract The conformational preference of human nucleoside transporters (hNTs) with respect to sugar ring was examined using conformationally fixed purine and pyrimidine nucleosides built on a bicyclo[3.1.0]hexane template. These fixed-conformation nucleosides, methanocarba-deoxyadenosine or methanocarba-deoxycytidine in North (C3'-endo, N-MCdA and N-MCdC) or South (C2'-endo, S-MCdA and S-MCdC) conformations, were used to study inhibition of equilibrative (hENT1-4) and concentrative (hCNT1-3) nucleoside transport by individual recombinant hNTs produced in Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells or Xenopus laevis oocytes. Our results indicated that nucleosides in the North conformation were potent inhibitors of t... Chembiochem journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5411422 Fri, 04 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5411422 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5411421&cid=s_37781_60_f&fid=37781&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22058073%26dopt%3DAbstract We report the synthesis and properties of a photoactivatable caged RGD peptide and its application for phototriggering integrin- and cell-binding to surfaces. We analysed in detail 1) the differences in the integrin-binding affinity of the caged and uncaged forms by quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) studies, 2) the efficiency and yield of the photolytic uncaging reaction, 3) the biocompatibility of the photolysis by-products and irradiation conditions, 4) the possibility of site, temporal and density control of integrin-binding and therefore human cell attachment, and 5) the possibility of in situ generation of cell patterns and cell gradients by controlling the UV exposure. These studies provide a clear picture of the potential and limitations of caged RGD for integrin-mediated cell adhes... Chembiochem journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5411421 Fri, 04 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5411421 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5358233&cid=s_37781_60_f&fid=37781&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22031491%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: PMID: 22031491 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Chembiochem) Chembiochem journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5358233 Sat, 29 Oct 2011 05:35:27 +0100 5358233 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5358232&cid=s_37781_60_f&fid=37781&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22031492%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: PMID: 22031492 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Chembiochem) Chembiochem journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5358232 Sat, 29 Oct 2011 05:35:15 +0100 5358232 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5358234&cid=s_37781_60_f&fid=37781&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22028272%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Lehman N, Hayden EJ PMID: 22028272 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Chembiochem) Chembiochem journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5358234 Wed, 26 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5358234 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5358235&cid=s_37781_60_f&fid=37781&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22025425%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Shan M, Bujotzek A, Abendroth F, Wellner A, Gust R, Seitz O, Weber M, Haag R Abstract The estrogen receptor binding affinities of bivalent raloxifene ligands tethered by flexible spacers of different lengths have been evaluated in vitro. Two bivalent binding modes, intra- and intermolecular, were hypothesized to explain their different binding properties. The binding affinities of these bivalent ligands in an aqueous environment are influenced by their conformations, which can be determined by 2D NMR and UV spectral methods. Moreover, computer modeling and simulations were performed to explain the binding modes of these bivalent ligands and to estimate the conformational entropy difference between their unbound and bound states. It was found that bivalent ligands tethered ... Chembiochem journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5358235 Tue, 25 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5358235 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5358238&cid=s_37781_60_f&fid=37781&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22021204%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Yu H, Jiang B, Chaput JC Abstract Aptamers are single-stranded nucleic acids that fold into stable three-dimensional structures with ligand binding sites that are complementary in shape and charge to a desired target. Aptamers are generated by an iterative process known as in vitro selection, which permits their isolation from pools of random sequences. While aptamers have been selected to bind a wide range of targets, it is generally thought that these molecules are incapable of discriminating strongly alkaline proteins due to the attractive forces that govern oppositely charged polymers (e.g., polyelectrolyte effect). Histones, eukaryotic proteins that make up the core structure of nucleosomes are attractive targets for exploring the binding properties of aptamers becaus... Chembiochem journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5358238 Fri, 21 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5358238 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5358237&cid=s_37781_60_f&fid=37781&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22021209%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Steber M, Arora A, Hofmann J, Brutschy B, Suess B Abstract The TetR aptamer induces TetR controlled gene expression, and represents an interesting tool for application in synthetic biology. We have analysed the mechanistic basis for RNA aptamer-based induction of TetR. The aptamer binds TetR with a high affinity in the order of 10(7)  M(-1) , which is similar to operator DNA binding under the used ionic conditions. We identified the binding epitope of the aptamer on TetR, which consists of amino acids T27, N47 and K48 of both monomers, using loss-of-function analysis and electrophoretic mobility shift assays. Tetracycline-induced conformational changes of TetR led to reorientation of the DNA reading head. This movement destroys the composite binding epitope for the aptam... Chembiochem journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5358237 Fri, 21 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5358237 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5358236&cid=s_37781_60_f&fid=37781&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22021215%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Ho CL, Koh SL, Chuah ML, Luo Z, Tan WJ, Low DK, Liang ZX PMID: 22021215 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Chembiochem) Chembiochem journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5358236 Fri, 21 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5358236 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5358241&cid=s_37781_60_f&fid=37781&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22012687%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Nielsen G, Schwalbe H Abstract Phosphorylation of protein kinases is a central mechanism involved in numerous cellular regulatory circuits, both in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. An understanding of the structural and functional consequences of protein phosphorylation is of considerable importance for the design of selective, small-molecule kinase inhibitors. NMR spectroscopy is a central method to support structure-based drug design. Here, we present the NMR assignment of the activated p38α kinase and compare it to the NMR assignment of unphosphorylated p38α. Conformational changes in solution induced by activation can be located to the activation loop, an adjacent loop, and an insert part of the polypeptide chain that is specific for the family of mitogen-activated ... Chembiochem journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5358241 Wed, 19 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5358241 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5358240&cid=s_37781_60_f&fid=37781&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22012709%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, the mechanistic role of the conserved residues His548 and Asn593 in P2O was investigated by using site-directed mutagenesis, transient kinetics, and pH-dependence studies. As single mutants of H548 resulted in mixed populations of noncovalently bound and covalently linked FAD, double mutants containing H167A were constructed, in which the covalent histidyl-FAD linkage was removed in addition to having the H548 mutation. Single mutants H548A, H548N, H548S, H548D and double mutants (with H167A) could not be reduced by D-glucose. For the H167A/H548R mutant, the flavin could be reduced by D-glucose with the reduction rate constant about 220 times lower than that of the H167A mutant. The pH-dependence studies of H167A/H548R indicated that the rate constant of flavin reduction inc... Chembiochem journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5358240 Wed, 19 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5358240 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5358239&cid=s_37781_60_f&fid=37781&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22012742%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Bao J, Krylova SM, Wilson DJ, Reinstein O, Johnson PE, Krylov SN PMID: 22012742 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Chembiochem) Chembiochem journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5358239 Wed, 19 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5358239 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5358242&cid=s_37781_60_f&fid=37781&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22006680%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Kolpashchikov DM, Gerasimova YV, Khan MS PMID: 22006680 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Chembiochem) Chembiochem journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5358242 Tue, 18 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5358242 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5358243&cid=s_37781_60_f&fid=37781&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22002880%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Li S PMID: 22002880 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Chembiochem) Chembiochem journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5358243 Fri, 14 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5358243 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5323923&cid=s_37781_60_f&fid=37781&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21998035%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Hernandez M, Golbert S, Zhang LG, Kim JR Abstract The aggregation of α-synuclein (αS), which is implicated in the pathology of Parkinson's disease, produces fibrils in which layers of parallel, in-register β-sheet-loop-β-sheets are formed. The effects of sequence variation in the loop-forming region (referred to as the linker region) on αS aggregation have yet to be systematically studied. In the study described here, we created and characterized αS variants containing mutations in the linker regions. Our results indicate that although the physicochemical properties of the linker region, evaluated based on an intrinsic property of a single amino acid, still play a significant role in aggregation, additional factors can also determine aggregation of αS linker mutants... Chembiochem journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5323923 Thu, 13 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5323923 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5323922&cid=s_37781_60_f&fid=37781&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21998043%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Knight JC, Hallett AJ, Brancale A, Paisey SJ, Clarkson RW, Edwards PG Abstract AMD3100 is a potent and selective antagonist of the CXCR4 receptor; it has been shown to block the route of entry of HIV into host T-cells. This compound and its analogues have since been found to act as haematopoietic stem cell mobilisation agents and, more recently, as anti-cancer agents. Here, we have examined a fluorescent derivative of AMD3100, L(1) , which offered the potential to assess the behaviour of AMD3100 at the cell surface by using optical imaging modalities. The binuclear Zn(II) , Cu(II) and Ni(II) complexes of L(1) have also been investigated as these metals have been previously shown to enhance the binding properties of AMD3100. Furthermore, Zn(II) and Cu(II) are known to enhan... Chembiochem journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5323922 Thu, 13 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5323922 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5323921&cid=s_37781_60_f&fid=37781&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21998074%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Jurkowski TP, Jeltsch A PMID: 21998074 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Chembiochem) Chembiochem journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5323921 Thu, 13 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5323921 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5323920&cid=s_37781_60_f&fid=37781&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21998087%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Hoppmann C, Schmieder P, Heinrich N, Beyermann M PMID: 21998087 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Chembiochem) Chembiochem journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5323920 Thu, 13 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5323920 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5323919&cid=s_37781_60_f&fid=37781&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21998091%26dopt%3DAbstract P450(BM3) on Steroids: The Swiss Army Knife P450 Enzyme Just Gets Better. Chembiochem. 2011 Oct 13; Authors: Wong LL PMID: 21998091 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Chembiochem) Chembiochem journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5323919 Thu, 13 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5323919 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5323924&cid=s_37781_60_f&fid=37781&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21994148%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Jakeman DL PMID: 21994148 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Chembiochem) Chembiochem journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5323924 Wed, 12 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5323924 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5323927&cid=s_37781_60_f&fid=37781&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21990105%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Khan AA, Chee SH, McLaughlin RJ, Harper JL, Kamena F, Timmer MS, Stocker BL PMID: 21990105 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Chembiochem) Chembiochem journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5323927 Tue, 11 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5323927 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5323926&cid=s_37781_60_f&fid=37781&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21990115%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Tsuda T, Nemoto N, Kawakami K, Mochizuki E, Kishida S, Tajiri T, Kushibiki T, Kuwabata S PMID: 21990115 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Chembiochem) Chembiochem journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5323926 Tue, 11 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5323926 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5323925&cid=s_37781_60_f&fid=37781&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21990128%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Brock NL, Tudzynski B, Dickschat JS Abstract The fungus Fusarium fujikuroi IMI58289 emits a complex pattern of volatile terpenoids including two major compounds, the sesquiterpene alcohol α-acorenol and the diterpene ent-kaurene. ent-Kaurene is the precursor for the phytohormone gibberellic acid (GA(3) ) and is produced from geranylgeranyl diphosphate (GGPP) via ent-copalyl diphosphate by the bifunctional ent-copalyl diphosphate/ent-kaurene synthase (CPS/KS). Several structurally related diterpenes were identified as side products of the CPS/KS. Deletion of the cps/ks gene or the whole GA(3) biosynthetic gene cluster resulted in completely abolished diterpene production. Mutants with deletions of the cytochrome P450 monooxygenase gene P450-4, which is responsible for the ... Chembiochem journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5323925 Tue, 11 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5323925 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5308826&cid=s_37781_60_f&fid=37781&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21984076%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Flaender M, Sicoli G, Aci-Seche S, Reignier T, Maurel V, Saint-Pierre C, Boulard Y, Gambarelli S, Gasparutto D PMID: 21984076 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Chembiochem) Chembiochem journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5308826 Fri, 07 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5308826 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5272667&cid=s_37781_60_f&fid=37781&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21956837%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Pokorski JK, Hovlid ML, Finn MG Abstract Structurally uniform protein nanoparticles derived from the self-assembly of viral capsid proteins are attractive platforms for the multivalent display of cell-targeting motifs for use in nanomedicine. Virus-based nanoparticles are of particular interest because the scaffold can be manipulated both genetically and chemically to simultaneously display targeting groups and carry a functional payload. Here, we displayed the human epidermal growth factor (EGF) on the exterior surface of bacteriophage Qβ as a C-terminal genetic fusion to the Qβ capsid protein. The co-assembly of wild-type Qβ and EGF-modified subunits resulted in structurally homogeneous nanoparticles displaying between 5 and 12 copies of EGF on their exterior surface.... Chembiochem journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5272667 Thu, 29 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5272667 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5272666&cid=s_37781_60_f&fid=37781&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21957084%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Bai Y, Ling Y, Shi W, Cai L, Jia Q, Jiang S, Liu K Abstract Enzyme efficiency results from the cooperation of functional groups in the catalytic site. In order to mimic a natural enzyme, a definite 3D scaffold must be carefully designed so that the functional groups can work cooperatively. During the HIV-1 fusion process, the gp41 N- and C-terminal heptad repeat regions form a coiled-coil six-helical bundle (6HB) that brings the viral and target cell membranes into close proximity for fusion. We used 6HB as the molecular model for a novel scaffold for the design of an artificial enzyme, in which the modified C34 and N36 peptides formed a unique 6HB structure through specific molecular recognition, and the position and orientation of the side-chain groups on this scaffold w... Chembiochem journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5272666 Thu, 29 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5272666 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5272665&cid=s_37781_60_f&fid=37781&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21960422%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Yi L, Abootorabi M, Wu YW PMID: 21960422 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Chembiochem) Chembiochem journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5272665 Thu, 29 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5272665 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5272664&cid=s_37781_60_f&fid=37781&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21960454%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Wang G, Kharel MK, Pahari P, Rohr J PMID: 21960454 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Chembiochem) Chembiochem journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5272664 Thu, 29 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5272664 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5272668&cid=s_37781_60_f&fid=37781&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21956798%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Schauer R, Kamerling JP Abstract trans-Sialidases constitute a special group of the sialidase family. They occur in some trypanosome species and, in a unique reversible reaction, transfer sialic acids from one glycosidic linkage with galactose (donor) to another galactose (acceptor), to form (α2-3)-sialyl linkages. Trypanosomes cause such devastating human diseases as Chagas disease in South America (Trypanosoma cruzi) or sleeping sickness in Africa (Trypanosoma brucei). The trans-sialidases strongly contribute to the pathogenicity of the trypanosomes by scavenging sialic acids from the host or blood meal to coat the parasite surface; this aids their survival strategy in the insect's intestine, and in the blood circulation or cells of the host, and serves to compromise th... Chembiochem journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5272668 Wed, 28 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5272668 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5272677&cid=s_37781_60_f&fid=37781&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21953703%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Marín MJ, Thomas P, Fabregat V, Luis SV, Russell DA, Galindo F Abstract Nitric oxide (NO) is involved in many biological processes. Aromatic ortho-diamine derivatives are commonly used in the fluorescence imaging of NO in living cells. ortho-diamino (o-diamino) compounds are believed to react with NO in an oxygenated medium leading to the formation of a triazole derivative. One such o-diamino compound, 1,2-diaminoanthraquinone (DAA), is a nontoxic probe for the detection of NO in living tissues and cells. The formation of the DAA triazole derivative (DAA-TZ) upon reaction of DAA with NO/O(2) within cells has not been demonstrated previously. The aim of this study was to confirm that DAA-TZ is the species formed intracellularly when DAA reacts with NO in the presence of ox... Chembiochem journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5272677 Tue, 27 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5272677 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5272676&cid=s_37781_60_f&fid=37781&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21953738%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Dickschat JS, Vergnolle O, Hong H, Garner S, Bidgood SR, Dooley HC, Deng Z, Leadlay PF, Sun Y PMID: 21953738 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Chembiochem) Chembiochem journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5272676 Tue, 27 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5272676 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5272675&cid=s_37781_60_f&fid=37781&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21953776%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Monti MC, Chini MG, Margarucci L, Riccio R, Bifulco G, Casapullo A Abstract The molecular basis for human group IIA phospholipase A(2) inactivation by the marine natural product cladocoran A (CLD A) has been studied in order to elucidate its relevant anti-inflammatory properties. Indeed, secretory phospholipases A(2) are well-known to be implicated in the pathogenesis of inflammation, such as rheumatoid arthritis, septic shock, psoriasis and asthma, thus the understanding of their inactivation mechanism could be useful for the development of new chemical classes of selective inhibitors. Our results, collected by a combination of biochemical approaches, advanced mass spectrometry and molecular modeling, suggest a competitive inhibition mechanism guided by a noncovalent mole... Chembiochem journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5272675 Tue, 27 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5272675 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5272674&cid=s_37781_60_f&fid=37781&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21953809%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Sainsbury F, Saunders K, Aljabali AA, Evans DJ, Lomonossoff GP Abstract The structure of Cowpea mosaic virus (CPMV) is known to high resolution, thereby enabling the rational use of the particles in diverse applications, from vaccine design to nanotechnology. A recently devised method for the production of empty virus-like particles (eVLPs) has opened up new possibilities for CPMV capsid-based technologies, such as internal mineralisation of the particle. We have investigated the role of the carboxyl (C) terminus of the small coat (S) protein in controlling access to the interior of CPMV eVLPs by determining the efficiency of internal mineralisation. The presence of the C-terminal 24-amino acid peptide of the S protein was found to inhibit internal mineralisation, an effec... Chembiochem journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5272674 Tue, 27 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5272674 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5272672&cid=s_37781_60_f&fid=37781&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21953874%26dopt%3DAbstract Two Pathways for Pyrrole Formation in Coumermycin A(1) Biosynthesis: The Central Pyrrole Moiety is Formed From L-Threonine. Chembiochem. 2011 Sep 27; Authors: Siebenberg S, Burkard N, Knuplesch A, Gust B, Grond S, Heide L Abstract Coumermycin A(1) is an aminocoumarin antibiotic produced by Streptomyces rishiriensis. It contains three pyrrole rings, that is, two terminal 5-methyl-pyrrole-2-carboxyl moieties and a central 3-methylpyrrole-2,4-dicarboxylic acid moiety. The biosynthesis of the terminal pyrrole moieties has been elucidated previously. However, the biosynthetic precursors of the central pyrrole moiety have remained unknown, and none of the genes or enzymes involved in its formation has been identified. We now show that five genes, contained in a contiguous 4.7 kb ... Chembiochem journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5272672 Tue, 27 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5272672 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5272670&cid=s_37781_60_f&fid=37781&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21953917%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Kast P PMID: 21953917 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Chembiochem) Chembiochem journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5272670 Mon, 26 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5272670 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5272669&cid=s_37781_60_f&fid=37781&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21953983%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Wang Y, Gao J, Gu G, Li G, Cui C, Sun B, Lou H PMID: 21953983 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Chembiochem) Chembiochem journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5272669 Mon, 26 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5272669 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5272673&cid=s_37781_60_f&fid=37781&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21953835%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Maggioni A, Meier J, Routier F, Haselhorst T, Tiralongo J PMID: 21953835 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Chembiochem) Chembiochem journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5272673 Fri, 23 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5272673 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5272671&cid=s_37781_60_f&fid=37781&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21953888%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Petrova B, Haering CH PMID: 21953888 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Chembiochem) Chembiochem journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5272671 Fri, 23 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5272671 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5240244&cid=s_37781_60_f&fid=37781&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21932217%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Suzuki M, Iwashima A, Tsutsui N, Ohira T, Kogure T, Nagasawa H Abstract The nacreous layer of molluscan shells consists of a highly organised, layered structure comprising calcium carbonate aragonite crystals, each surrounded by an organic matrix. In the Japanese pearl oyster Pinctada fucata, the Pif protein from the nacreous layer functions in aragonite binding, and plays a key role in nacre formation. Here, we investigated whether the blue mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis also has a protein with similar functions in the nacreous layer. By using a calcium carbonate-binding assay, we identified the novel protein blue mussel shell protein (BMSP) 100 that can bind calcium carbonate crystals of both aragonite and calcite. When the entire sequence of a cDNA encoding BMSP 100 w... Chembiochem journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5240244 Tue, 20 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5240244 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5225497&cid=s_37781_60_f&fid=37781&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21913297%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: PMID: 21913297 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Chembiochem) Chembiochem journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5225497 Sat, 17 Sep 2011 23:45:08 +0100 5225497 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5225496&cid=s_37781_60_f&fid=37781&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21913298%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Bodner MJ, Li R, Phelan RM, Freeman MF, Moshos KA, Lloyd EP, Townsend CA Abstract Approximately 50 naturally occurring carbapenem β-lactam antibiotics are known. All but one of these have been isolated from Streptomyces species and are disubstituted structural variants of a simple core that is synthesized by Pectobacterium carotovorum (Erwinia carotovora), a phylogenetically distant plant pathogen. While the biosynthesis of the simple carbapenem, (5R)-carbapen-2-em-3-carboxylic acid, is impressively efficient requiring only three enzymes, CarA, CarB and CarC, the formation of thienamycin, one of the former group of metabolites from Streptomyces, is markedly more complex. Despite their phylogenetic separation, bioinformatic analysis of the encoding gene clusters suggests t... Chembiochem journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5225496 Sat, 17 Sep 2011 23:44:55 +0100 5225496 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5225495&cid=s_37781_60_f&fid=37781&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21913299%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: PMID: 21913299 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Chembiochem) Chembiochem journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5225495 Sat, 17 Sep 2011 23:44:42 +0100 5225495 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5225493&cid=s_37781_60_f&fid=37781&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21915985%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Schmauder R, Kosanic D, Hovius R, Vogel H PMID: 21915985 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Chembiochem) Chembiochem journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5225493 Wed, 14 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5225493 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5225494&cid=s_37781_60_f&fid=37781&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21913300%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Gumulya Y, Reetz MT Abstract In a previous directed evolution study, the B-FIT approach to increasing the thermal robustness of proteins was introduced and applied to the lipase from Bacillus subtilis. It is based on the general concept of iterative saturation mutagenesis (ISM), according to which sites in an enzyme are subjected to saturation mutagenesis, the best hit of a given library is then used as a template for randomization at other sites, and the process is continued until the desired catalyst improvement has been achieved. The appropriate choice of the ISM sites is crucial; in the B-FIT method the criterion is residues characterized by highest B factors available from X-ray crystallography data. In the present study, B-FIT was employed in order to increase the th... Chembiochem journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5225494 Tue, 13 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5225494 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5215445&cid=s_37781_60_f&fid=37781&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21901810%26dopt%3DAbstract Simultaneous "One Pot" Expressed Protein Ligation and Cu(I) -Catalyzed Azide/Alkyne Cycloaddition for Protein Immobilization. Chembiochem. 2011 Sep 8; Authors: Steinhagen M, Holland-Nell K, Meldal M, Beck-Sickinger AG PMID: 21901810 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Chembiochem) Chembiochem journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5215445 Thu, 08 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5215445 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5215444&cid=s_37781_60_f&fid=37781&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21905193%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Saini A, Chauhan VS Abstract Ubiquitinated cytoplasmic inclusions of TDP-43 and its C-terminal cleavage products are the pathological hallmarks of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal lobar degeneration with ubiquitinated inclusions. The C-terminal fragments (CTFs) of TDP-43 are increasingly considered to play an important role in its aggregation and in disease. Here, we employed a set of synthetic peptides spanning the length of the TDP-43 CTF (220-414) in order to find out its core aggregation domains. Two regions, one in the RRM-2 domain (246-255) and the other in the C-terminal domain (311-320) of TDP-43, stand out as highly aggregation prone. Studies done on recombinant purified TDP-43 CTF and its three mutants, in which these sequences were deleted indivi... Chembiochem journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5215444 Thu, 08 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5215444 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5215443&cid=s_37781_60_f&fid=37781&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21905194%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Vinther TN, Ribel U, Askov Pedersen T, Kjeldsen TB, Jensen KJ, Hubálek F Abstract Chemical modifications of proteins are increasingly important in the development of protein drugs with fine-tuned properties. Regioselective modification, such as the chemoselective alkylation of an unpaired cysteine residue, is a prerequisite for obtaining homogenous protein products. The introduction of an unpaired Cys into the Cys-rich protein, insulin, was investigated by using a Cys scan. This was challenging as the introduced Cys could interfere with insulin's three existing disulfide bonds. However, eight insulin precursors were expressed in Saccharomyces cerevisiae with good yields. Although extensive post-translational modifications of the unpaired Cys were observed, the majority co... Chembiochem journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5215443 Thu, 08 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5215443 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5186796&cid=s_37781_60_f&fid=37781&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21887840%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Chong CM, Gao S, Chiang BY, Hsu WH, Lin TC, Chen TC, Lin CH PMID: 21887840 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Chembiochem) Chembiochem journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5186796 Thu, 01 Sep 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5186796 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5186795&cid=s_37781_60_f&fid=37781&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21887841%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Sato K, Sasaki A, Matsuda A Abstract We herein describe the synthesis of fluorescent 5-(5,6-dimethoxybenzothiazol-2-yl)-2'-deoxyuridine 5'-triphosphate (d(bt) UTP) and primer extension reactions using d(bt) UTP. We also carried out primer extension reactions using the (bt) U template. B family DNA polymerases, such as KOD, Deep Vent (exo-), and 9°N(m) DNA polymerases, were effective for elongation with d(bt) UTP. Deep Vent (exo-) and KOD DNA polymerases have excellent fidelity for incorporating d(bt) UTP only at the site opposite the adenine template and only dATP when using the (bt) U template. Therefore, d(bt) UTP is an excellent fluorescent nucleotide that can be incorporated into DNA by DNA polymerases. PMID: 21887841 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: C... Chembiochem journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5186795 Thu, 01 Sep 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5186795 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5186797&cid=s_37781_60_f&fid=37781&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21882331%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Genta-Jouve G, Cachet N, Holderith S, Oberhänsli F, Teyssié JL, Jeffree R, Al Mourabit A, Thomas OP PMID: 21882331 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Chembiochem) Chembiochem journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5186797 Tue, 30 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5186797 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5170932&cid=s_37781_60_f&fid=37781&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21858907%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Wang X, Schröder HC, Brandt D, Wiens M, Lieberwirth I, Glasser G, Schloßmacher U, Wang S, Müller WE Abstract Syneresis is a process observed during the maturation/aging of silica gels obtained by sol-gel synthesis that results in shrinkage and expulsion of water due to a rearrangement and increase in the number of bridging siloxane bonds. Here we describe how the process of biosilica deposition during spicule ("biosilica" skeleton of the siliceous sponges) formation involves a phase of syneresis that occurs after the enzyme-mediated polycondensation reaction. Primmorphs from the demosponge Suberites domuncula were used to study syneresis and the inhibition of this mechanism. We showed by scanning electron microscopy that spicules added to primmorphs that have been incub... Chembiochem journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5170932 Thu, 18 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5170932 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5170934&cid=s_37781_60_f&fid=37781&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21853511%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Spielmeyer A, Gebser B, Pohnert G PMID: 21853511 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Chembiochem) Chembiochem journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5170934 Wed, 17 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5170934 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5170933&cid=s_37781_60_f&fid=37781&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21853512%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Neubacher S, Dojahn CM, Arenz C PMID: 21853512 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Chembiochem) Chembiochem journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5170933 Wed, 17 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5170933 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5170936&cid=s_37781_60_f&fid=37781&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21850718%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Rhodes DI, Peat TS, Vandegraaff N, Jeevarajah D, Newman J, Martyn J, Coates JA, Ede NJ, Rea P, Deadman JJ Abstract An optimised method of solution cyclisation gave us access to a series of peptides including SLKIDNLD (2). We investigated the crystallographic complexes of the HIV integrase (HIV-IN) catalytic core domain with 13 of the peptides and identified multiple interactions at the binding site, including hydrogen bonds with residues Thr125 and Gln95, that have not previously been described as being accessible within the binding site. We show that the peptides inhibit the interaction of lens epithelium-derived growth factor (LEDGF) with HIV-IN in a proximity AlphaScreen assay and in an assay for the LEDGF enhancement of HIV-IN strand transfer. The interactions identifi... Chembiochem journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5170936 Tue, 16 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5170936 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5170935&cid=s_37781_60_f&fid=37781&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21850719%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Shekhawat SS, Campbell ST, Ghosh I Abstract Caspases play a central role in apoptosis, differentiation, and proliferation, and represent important therapeutic targets for treating cancer and inflammatory disorders. Toward the goal of developing new tools to probe caspase substrate cleavage specificity as well as to systematically interrogate caspase activation pathways, we have constructed and investigated a comprehensive panel of caspase biosensors with a split-luciferase enabled bioluminescent read out. We first interrogated the panel of caspase biosensors for substrate cleavage specificity of caspase 1-10 in widely utilized in vitro translation systems, namely, rabbit reticulocyte lysate (RRL) and wheat germ extract (WGE). Commercial RRL was found to be unsuitable for i... Chembiochem journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5170935 Tue, 16 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5170935 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5138713&cid=s_37781_60_f&fid=37781&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21818834%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: PMID: 21818834 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Chembiochem) Chembiochem journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5138713 Mon, 15 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5138713 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5138702&cid=s_37781_60_f&fid=37781&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21818835%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: PMID: 21818835 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Chembiochem) Chembiochem journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5138702 Mon, 15 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5138702 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5138606&cid=s_37781_60_f&fid=37781&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21830285%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Beatty KE, Szychowski J, Fisk JD, Tirrell DA PMID: 21830285 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Chembiochem) Chembiochem journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5138606 Mon, 08 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5138606 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5138597&cid=s_37781_60_f&fid=37781&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21830289%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Childs-Disney JL, Tsitovich PB, Disney MD PMID: 21830289 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Chembiochem) Chembiochem journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5138597 Mon, 08 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5138597 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5138551&cid=s_37781_60_f&fid=37781&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21830290%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Pereira de Souza T, Steiniger F, Stano P, Fahr A, Luisi PL One of the open questions in the origin of life is the spontaneous formation of primitive cell-like compartments from free molecules in solution and membranes. "Metabolism-first" and "replicator-first" theories claim that early catalytic cycles first evolved in solution, and became encapsulated inside lipid vesicles later on. "Compartment-first" theories suggest that metabolism progressively occurred inside compartments. Both views have some weaknesses: the low probability of co-entrapment of several compounds inside the same compartment, and the need to control nutrient uptake and waste release, respectively. By using lipid vesicles as early-cell models, we show that ribosomes, proteins and lipids spontaneously self-o... Chembiochem journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5138551 Mon, 08 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5138551 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5138540&cid=s_37781_60_f&fid=37781&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21830292%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Matsunaga S, Jimbo M, Gill MB, Lash-Van Wyhe LL, Murata M, Nonomura K, Swanson GT, Sakai R A novel family of functionalized peptide toxins, aculeines (ACUs), was isolated from the marine sponge Axinyssa aculeate. ACUs are polypeptides with N-terminal residues that are modified by the addition of long-chain polyamines (LCPA). Aculeines were present in the sponge extract as a complex mixture with differing polyamine chain lengths and peptide structures. ACU-A and B, which were purified in this study, share a common polypeptide chain but differ in their N-terminal residue modifications. The amino acid sequence of the polypeptide portion of ACU-A and B was deduced from 3' and 5' RACE, and supported by Edman degradation and mass spectral analysis of peptide fragments. ACU induced c... Chembiochem journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5138540 Mon, 08 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5138540 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5138618&cid=s_37781_60_f&fid=37781&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21826775%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: de Beer RJ, Zarzycka B, Amatdjais-Groenen HI, Jans SC, Nuijens T, Quaedflieg PJ, van Delft FL, Nabuurs SB, Rutjes FP The substrate mimetics approach is a versatile method for small-scale enzymatic peptide-bond synthesis in aqueous systems. The protease-recognized amino acid side chain is incorporated in an ester leaving group, the substrate mimetic. This shift of the specific moiety enables the acceptance of amino acids and peptide sequences that are normally not recognized by the enzyme. The guanidinophenyl group (OGp), a known substrate mimetic for the serine proteases trypsin and chymotrypsin, has now been applied for the first time in combination with papain, a cheap and commercially available cysteine protease. To provide insight in the binding mode of various Z-X(AA) -OG... Chembiochem journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5138618 Sun, 07 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5138618 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5138735&cid=s_37781_60_f&fid=37781&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21815236%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Hayashi T, Kitamura Y, Funa N, Ohnishi Y, Horinouchi S Fatty acyl-AMP ligases (FAALs) activate fatty acids as acyladenylates, and subsequently catalyze their transfer onto the acyl carrier proteins (ACPs) of polyketide synthases (PKSs) or nonribosomal peptide synthetases to produce lipidic metabolites. Myxococcus xanthus contains a polyketide biosynthesis gene cluster in which putative FAAL (FtpD) and ACP (FtpC) genes are located close to a type III PKS (FtpA) gene. Here we describe the characterization of these three proteins in vitro. FtpD adenylated stearic acid and produced stearoyl-FtpC. The stearoyl moiety was then transferred to FtpA. When extender substrates (malonyl-CoA and methylmalonyl-CoA) were added to the reaction, the alkylresorcinol 5-heptadecyl-4-methyl-benzen... Chembiochem journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5138735 Wed, 03 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5138735 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5087740&cid=s_37781_60_f&fid=37781&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21805552%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Guan L, van der Heijden GW, Bortvin A, Greenberg MM 5-Ethynyl-2'-deoxycytidine triphosphate (EdCTP) was synthesized as a probe to be used in conjunction with fluorescent labeling to facilitate the analysis of the in vivo dynamics of DNA-centered processes (DNA replication, repair and cytosine demethylation). Kinetic analysis showed that EdCTP is accepted as a substrate by Klenow exo(-) and DNA polymerase β. Incorporation of 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxycytidine (EdC) into DNA by these enzymes is, at most, modestly less efficient than native dC. EdC-containing DNA was visualized by using a click reaction with a fluorescent azide, following polymerase incorporation and T4 DNA ligase mediated ligation. Subsequent experiments in mouse male germ cells and zygotes demonstrated that EdC is a s... Chembiochem journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5087740 Sun, 31 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5087740 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5087739&cid=s_37781_60_f&fid=37781&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21805553%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Macmillan D, De Cecco M, Reynolds NL, Santos LF, Barran PE, Dorin JR PMID: 21805553 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Chembiochem) Chembiochem journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5087739 Sun, 31 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5087739 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5087742&cid=s_37781_60_f&fid=37781&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21805550%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Pazos E, Mosquera J, Vázquez ME, Mascareñas JL The interaction of transcription factors with specific DNA sites is key for the regulation of gene expression. Despite the availability of a large body of structural data on protein-DNA complexes, we are still far from fully understanding the molecular and biophysical bases underlying such interactions. Therefore, the development of non-natural agents that can reproduce the DNA-recognition properties of natural transcription factors remains a major and challenging goal in chemical biology. In this review we summarize the basics of double-stranded DNA recognition by transcription factors, and describe recent developments in the design and preparation of synthetic DNA binders. We mainly focus on synthetic peptides that have been d... Chembiochem journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5087742 Thu, 28 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5087742 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5087741&cid=s_37781_60_f&fid=37781&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21805551%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Díaz MD, de la Torre BG, Fernández-Reyes M, Rivas L, Andreu D, Jiménez-Barbero J The 3D structures of six linear pentadecapeptides derived from the cecropin A-melittin antimicrobial peptide CA(1-7)M(2-9) [KWKLFKKIGAVLKVL-NH(2) ] have been studied. These analogues are modified by ε-NH(2) trimethylation of one or more lysine residues and showed variation in both antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities, depending on the number and position of modified lysines. Since it is expected that these peptides will display a strong conformational ordering when in contact with membranes, we have investigated their structure on the basis of the data extracted from NMR experiments performed in membrane-mimetic environments. We show that inclusion of N(ε) -trimethylated lysine residues ind... Chembiochem journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5087741 Thu, 28 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5087741 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5087738&cid=s_37781_60_f&fid=37781&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21805554%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Buckley R, Enekwa CD, Williams LD, Hud NV PMID: 21805554 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Chembiochem) Chembiochem journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5087738 Thu, 28 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5087738 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5087746&cid=s_37781_60_f&fid=37781&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21796750%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Stewart S, Syrett A, Pothukuchy A, Bhadra S, Ellington A, Anslyn E PMID: 21796750 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Chembiochem) Chembiochem journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5087746 Tue, 26 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5087746