MedWorm.com provides a medical RSS filtering service. Over 6000 RSS medical sources are combined and output via different filters. This feed contains the latest items from the 'Child Psychiatry and Human Development' source. Sun, 21 Mar 2010 17:23:42 +0100 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3380279&cid=s_36954_144_f&fid=36954&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20238477%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: De Pauw SS, Mervielde I The numerous temperament and personality constructs in childhood impede the systematic integration of findings on how these individual differences relate to developmental psychopathology. This paper reviews the main temperament and personality theories and proposes a theoretical taxonomy representing the common structure of both temperament and personality traditions within one conceptual framework. This integrated lexicon of childhood temperament/personality traits facilitates an overview of the most important research findings on the role of temperament and personality in the development of anxiety, depression, ADHD, proactive and reactive antisocial behavior. Several directions for future research are discussed to further validate and refine these re... Child Psychiatry and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3380279 Fri, 19 Mar 2010 14:59:02 +0100 3380279 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3380282&cid=s_36954_144_f&fid=36954&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20238159%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusions: Results indicated that both low zinc and ferritin levels were associated with higher hyperactivity symptoms. Zinc level was also associated with anxiety and conduct problems. Since both zinc and iron are associated with dopamine metabolism, it can be speculated that low zinc and iron levels might be associated with more significant impairment in dopaminergic transmission in subjects with ADHD. PMID: 20238159 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Child Psychiatry and Human Development) Child Psychiatry and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3380282 Thu, 18 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3380282 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3380280&cid=s_36954_144_f&fid=36954&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20238160%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Ang RP, Goh DH The purpose of the study was to examine the association between affective empathy, cognitive empathy, and gender on cyberbullying among adolescents. Participants were 396 adolescents from Singapore with age ranging from 12 to 18 years. Adolescents responded to a survey with scales measuring both affective and cognitive empathy, and cyberbullying behavior. A three-step hierarchical multiple regression analysis was used with cyberbullying scores as the dependent variable. Gender was dummy coded and both affective and cognitive empathy were centered using the sample mean prior to creating interaction terms and entering them into the regression equations. The testing, probing and interpretation of interaction effects followed established statistical procedures. Resu... Child Psychiatry and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3380280 Thu, 18 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3380280 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3362801&cid=s_36954_144_f&fid=36954&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20221849%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Tininenko JR, Fisher PA, Bruce J, Pears KC In the current study, sleep actigraphy and parent-report measures were used to investigate differences in sleeping behavior among four groups of 3- to 7-year-olds (N = 79): children in regular foster care (n = 15); children receiving a therapeutic intervention in foster care (n = 17); low income community children (n = 18); and upper middle income community children (n = 29). The children in therapeutic foster care exhibited longer sleep latency and increased variability of sleep duration than the upper middle income community children. In addition, there was an indication of a treatment effect: the therapeutic foster care children slept longer than the regular foster care and low income community children and had earlier bedtimes, fe... Child Psychiatry and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3362801 Thu, 11 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3362801 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3362802&cid=s_36954_144_f&fid=36954&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20221691%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Stadler C, Feifel J, Rohrmann S, Vermeiren R, Poustka F The aim of this study was to investigate the frequency and effects of peer-victimization on mental health problems among adolescents. Parental and school support were assumed as protective factors that might interact with one another in acting as buffers for adolescents against the risk of peer-victimization. Besides these protective factors, age and gender were additionally considered as moderating factors. The Social and Health Assessment survey was conducted among 986 students aged 11-18 years in order to assess peer-victimization, risk and protective factors and mental health problems. For mental health problems, the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) was used. Effects of peer-victimization on mental healt... Child Psychiatry and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3362802 Wed, 10 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3362802 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3355027&cid=s_36954_144_f&fid=36954&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20213247%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, personality pattern scales from the Millon Adolescent Clinical Inventory in a sample of 492 adolescent inpatients were subjected to a principal components analysis to yield oblique internalizing and externalizing dimensions. Relations between personality dimensions and well-established measures of psychopathology (depression, alcohol abuse, drug abuse) and other indicators of clinical dysfunction (self-esteem, suicidality, violence) were assessed before and after controlling for these higher-order personality dimensions. Associations between personality scales and indicators of psychopathology and clinical dysfunction were minimal with these higher order components controlled. These results suggest that internalizing and externalizing personality dimensions explain most of t... Child Psychiatry and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3355027 Sat, 06 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3355027 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3336266&cid=s_36954_144_f&fid=36954&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20204497%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Roddenberry A, Renk K Although many studies examine the biological phenomena that mediate the relationship between stress and illness, more research is needed regarding psychological variables that may mediate this relationship. Thus, the current study investigates the mediating effects of locus of control and self-efficacy in the relationships among stress, illness, and the utilization of health services in a sample of 159 college students. Results suggest that participants who endorse higher levels of stress also endorse higher levels of illness, higher levels of external locus of control, and lower levels of self-efficacy. In addition, structural equation modeling suggests that there are direct relationships between stress and illness and between illness and the utilization... Child Psychiatry and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3336266 Fri, 05 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3336266 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3312210&cid=s_36954_144_f&fid=36954&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20182794%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Yen CF, Yang P, Wu YY, Hsu FC, Cheng CP The aims of this study were to examine the factor structure, internal consistency 1 month test-retest reliability and the discriminant validity for the diagnosis of anxiety disorder of the Taiwanese version of the Multidimensional Anxiety Scale for Children (MASC-T). A total of 12,536 Taiwanese children and adolescents in the community were recruited to examine the adequacy of the original four-factor structure of the MASC-T by confirmatory factor analysis and the internal-consistency reliability by Cronbach's alpha across gender and age. The 1 month test-retest reliability was examined using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) in 105 children and adolescents in the community. The discriminant validity of the MASC-T for the diagnos... Child Psychiatry and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3312210 Thu, 25 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3312210 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3213192&cid=s_36954_144_f&fid=36954&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20099078%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Sullivan MW, Carmody DP, Lewis M To explore whether punitive parenting styles contribute to early-acquired emotion knowledge deficits observable in neglected children, we observed 42 preschool children's emotion knowledge, expression recognition time, and IQ. The children's mothers completed the Parent-Child Conflict Tactics Scales to assess the recent use of three types of discipline strategies (nonviolent, physically punitive, and psychological aggression), as well as neglectful parenting. Fifteen of the children were identified as neglected by Child Protective Services (CPS) reports; 27 children had no record of CPS involvement and served as the comparison group. There were no differences between the neglect and comparison groups in the demographic factors of gender, age, h... Child Psychiatry and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3213192 Sat, 23 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3213192 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3172584&cid=s_36954_144_f&fid=36954&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20066489%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: O'Neil KA, Podell JL, Benjamin CL, Kendall PC Research indicates that depression and anxiety are highly comorbid in youth. Little is known, however, about the clinical and family characteristics of youth with principal anxiety disorders and comorbid depressive diagnoses. The present study examined the demographic, clinical, and family characteristics of 200 anxiety-disordered children and adolescents (aged 7-17) with and without comorbid depressive disorders (major depressive disorder or dysthymic disorder), seeking treatment at a university-based anxiety clinic. All participants met DSM-IV diagnostic criteria for a principal anxiety disorder (generalized anxiety disorder, separation anxiety disorder, or social phobia). Of these, twelve percent (n = 24) also met criteria for a... Child Psychiatry and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3172584 Tue, 12 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3172584 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3164561&cid=s_36954_144_f&fid=36954&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20063056%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: De Pauw SS, Mervielde I The numerous temperament and personality constructs in childhood impede the systematic integration of findings on how these individual differences relate to developmental psychopathology. This paper reviews the main temperament and personality theories and proposes a theoretical taxonomy representing the common structure of both temperament and personality traditions within one conceptual framework. This integrated lexicon of childhood temperament/personality traits facilitates an overview of the most important research findings on the role of temperament and personality in the development of anxiety, depression, ADHD, proactive and reactive antisocial behavior. Several directions for future research are discussed to further validate and refine these re... Child Psychiatry and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3164561 Sat, 09 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3164561 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3148102&cid=s_36954_144_f&fid=36954&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20052532%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Scheeringa MS, Haslett N The need to assess Diagnostic and Statistical Manual, Fourth Edition (DSM-IV) disorders in children younger than 7 years of age has intensified as clinical efforts to diagnose and treat this population have increased, and clinical research on psychopathology has advanced. A new diagnostic instrument for young children was created, the Diagnostic Infant Preschool Assessment (DIPA), and was tested for test-retest reliability and concurrent criterion validity. The caregivers of 50 outpatients aged 1-6 years were interviewed twice by trained interviewers, once by a clinician and once by a research assistant, about eight disorders. The median test-retest intraclass correlation was 0.69, mean 0.61, and values ranged from 0.24 to 0.87. The median test-retest ... Child Psychiatry and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3148102 Wed, 06 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3148102 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3135917&cid=s_36954_144_f&fid=36954&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20043204%26dopt%3DAbstract This study provides further support for the efficacy of DVPX in decreasing RADI aggression in the context of DBD. These results are particularly noteworthy because the sociotherapeutic structures supporting patients in previous trials were not present. PMID: 20043204 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Child Psychiatry and Human Development) Child Psychiatry and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3135917 Thu, 31 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3135917 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3049287&cid=s_36954_144_f&fid=36954&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19949972%26dopt%3DAbstract This study examines the nature of the relationship between psychosocial factors and insomnia complaints in an adolescent non-clinical population. It is a cross-sectional study of a stratified sample of 2,195 Greek adolescent high-school students. Subjects were given the Athens insomnia scale, the Symptom Checklist scale (SCL-90-R) and a questionnaire concerning demographic characteristics. None of the subjects had received help for insomnia complaints or other overt psychopathology. Adolescents classified as suffering from insomnia presented higher levels of general psychopathology. Age, tobacco and alcohol use, self-reported patterns of communication in the family, perceived economic status and school performance were identified as correlates of the insomnia complaints. A significant numb... Child Psychiatry and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3049287 Tue, 01 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3049287 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3049286&cid=s_36954_144_f&fid=36954&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19949973%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Moore KW, Enrique Varela R The present study examined the roles of loss and disruption, major life events, and social support in the relationship between exposure and PTSD symptoms in a group of children 33 months after Hurricane Katrina. One hundred fifty-six 4th, 5th, and 6th graders were surveyed in the New Orleans area. Results indicated that 46% of the children reported moderate to very severe levels of PTSD symptoms. Lower levels of classmate support and more negative life events after the hurricane were uniquely related to PTSD symptoms. Analyses did not reveal any moderating relationships among the variables. The results of this study have implications for the prevention and treatment of PTSD symptoms long after exposure to trauma. PMID: 19949973 [PubMed - as suppl... Child Psychiatry and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3049286 Tue, 01 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3049286 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3049285&cid=s_36954_144_f&fid=36954&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19949974%26dopt%3DAbstract We examined the association of callous-unemotional (C/U) traits with length of psychiatric hospitalization among two samples each with 50 participants: a group of 7-11 year-olds (39 males and 11 females) receiving services on a children's unit, and a group of 12-17 year-olds (27 males and 23 females) receiving services on an adolescent unit. Our analyses focused on the additionally predictive value of C/U traits above and beyond the influence of pre-established risk factors for length of stay, including age, gender, ethnicity, overall levels of functioning and psychopathology, and the diagnosis of a Conduct Disorder or Oppositional Defiant Disorder. In both samples, hierarchic regression analyses indicated that C/U traits were associated with longer lengths of stay, whereas none of the pre... Child Psychiatry and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3049285 Tue, 01 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3049285 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3009239&cid=s_36954_144_f&fid=36954&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19921537%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Broeren S, Muris P The Behavioral Inhibition Questionnaire (BIQ) is a parent-rating scale for measuring temperamental characteristics referring to shyness, fearfulness, and withdrawal in young, preschool children. The present study evaluated the psychometric properties of the BIQ in a Dutch community sample of children with a broad age range. For this purpose, the reliability and validity of the BIQ was evaluated in three age groups: 4-7-year-olds, 8-11-year-olds, and 12-15-year-olds. The results indicated that the internal consistency of most BIQ scales was satisfactory in all three age groups. Principal component analysis of the BIQ yielded a six-factor model that was largely in keeping with the hypothesized structure consisting of the social and non-social components of beh... Child Psychiatry and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3009239 Wed, 18 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3009239 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3001713&cid=s_36954_144_f&fid=36954&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19911268%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Schredl M, Sartorius H Although sleep is widely investigated in children with ADHD, dream studies in this group are completely lacking. The continuity hypothesis of dreaming stating that waking life is reflected in dreams would predict that waking-life symptoms are reflected in the dreams of such children. 103 children with ADHD and 100 controls completed a dream questionnaire eliciting dream recall frequency and the most recent dream. The dreams of the children with ADHD did not show a heightened occurrence of activities but were more negatively toned and included more misfortunes/threats, negative endings, and physical aggression towards the dreamer. Dream recall frequency and general dream characteristics like dream length and dream bizarreness did not differ from children ... Child Psychiatry and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3001713 Fri, 13 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3001713 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2895486&cid=s_36954_144_f&fid=36954&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19826945%26dopt%3DAbstract This study describes a first exploration of the construct of courage in youths. Children aged 8-13 years were invited to report on the most courageous action that they had ever performed during their life. In addition, the Courage Measure for Children (CM-C) was construed as an index of children's level of personal courage, and this scale was administered in two samples of school children (Ns being 168 and 159) along with a number of other questionnaires. Results indicated that children were familiar with the concept of courage as more than 70% reported to have carried out a courageous action during their life. In addition, self-reported courage as indexed by the CM-C was positively correlated with scores on a vignette measure of courage, parent ratings of children's courage, extraversion,... Child Psychiatry and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2895486 Tue, 13 Oct 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2895486 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2895485&cid=s_36954_144_f&fid=36954&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19826946%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Negoro H, Sawada M, Iida J, Ota T, Tanaka S, Kishimoto T Recent developments in near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) have enabled non-invasive clarification of brain functions in psychiatric disorders with measurement of hemoglobin concentrations as cerebral blood volume. Twenty medication-naïve children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and 20 age- and sex-matched healthy control subjects participated in the present study after giving consent. The relative concentrations of oxyhemoglobin (oxy-Hb) were measured with frontal probes every 0.1 s during the Stroop color-word task, using 24-channel NIRS machines. During the Stroop color-word task, the oxy-Hb changes in the control group were significantly larger than that in the ADHD group in the inferior prefr... Child Psychiatry and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2895485 Tue, 13 Oct 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2895485 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2824732&cid=s_36954_144_f&fid=36954&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19768532%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Deault LC This review synthesizes recent research evidence regarding the parenting characteristics associated with families with children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). ADHD is a complex, heterogeneous disorder with a range of genetic and environmental factors that contribute to its behavioral expression and different developmental trajectories. The current review adopts a developmental psychopathology perspective to conceptualize the risk and protective factors that might shape the developmental pathways of the disorder across different domains. Following from Johnston and Mash's review (Johnston and Mash, Clin Child Fam Psychol Rev 4:183-207, 2001), the present review systematically examines empirical studies from 2000-2008 that investigate parenting v... Child Psychiatry and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2824732 Fri, 18 Sep 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2824732 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2725411&cid=s_36954_144_f&fid=36954&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19697120%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Boyle CL, Sanders MR, Lutzker JR, Prinz RJ, Shapiro C, Whitaker DJ A brief primary care intervention for parents of preschool-aged children with disruptive behavior was assessed using a multiple probe design. Primary Care Triple P, a four session behavioral intervention was sequentially introduced within a multiple probe format to each of 9 families to a total of 10 children aged between 3 and 7 years (males = 4, females = 6). Independent observations of parent-child interaction in the home revealed that the intervention was associated with lower levels of child disruptive behavior both in a target training setting and in various generalization settings. Parent report data also confirmed there were significant reductions in intensity and frequency of disruptive behavior, an in... Child Psychiatry and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2725411 Thu, 20 Aug 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2725411 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2703398&cid=s_36954_144_f&fid=36954&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19680805%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Alfano CA, Pina AA, Zerr AA, Villalta IK The current study examined sleep problems and pre-sleep arousal among 52 anxious children and adolescents, aged 7-14 years, in relation to age, sex, ethnicity, and primary anxiety disorder. Assessment included structured diagnostic interviews and parent and child completed measures of sleep problems and pre-sleep arousal. Overall, 85% of parents reported clinically-significant child sleep problems, whereas 54% of youth reported trouble sleeping. Young children, those with primary generalized anxiety disorder, and Latino youth experienced the greatest levels of sleep disturbance. Additionally, greater levels of pre-sleep cognitive rather than somatic arousal were found and pre-sleep thoughts were associated with decreased total sleep dur... Child Psychiatry and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2703398 Wed, 12 Aug 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2703398 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2700013&cid=s_36954_144_f&fid=36954&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19672704%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, we examined longitudinal, person-centered trajectories of acculturation, internalizing symptoms, and self-esteem in 349 Latino adolescents. We compared acculturation measures (time in the US, culture-of-origin involvement, US cultural involvement, for both parents and adolescents); acculturation stressors (perceived discrimination, acculturation conflicts); and family dynamics (parent-adolescent conflict, familism). Results indicated that, over time, Latino adolescents' internalizing problems decreased and their self-esteem increased. However, we showed that increased length of time living in the US was significantly related to lower self-esteem among adolescents. Parent-adolescent conflict was a strong risk factor, which not only directly heightened internalizing symptoms a... Child Psychiatry and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2700013 Tue, 11 Aug 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2700013 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2692158&cid=s_36954_144_f&fid=36954&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19669407%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Burstein M, Ginsburg GS, Petras H, Ialongo N The present study examined the developmental trajectories of youth depression and anxiety symptoms from 6th through 12th grade in a low-income, urban sample (N = 141; mean age = 11.75 years; 88.7% African American). The study also tested the independent contribution of parent mood disorders, anxiety disorders, and substance use disorders assessed in early childhood to initial levels and rate of change in depression and anxiety symptoms from 6th through 12th grade. Possible gender differences in symptom course and strength of parent psychopathology predictors were examined using multiple-group analysis. Results indicated that depression symptoms declined over time for males, whereas depression symptoms initially declined, but then in... Child Psychiatry and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2692158 Fri, 07 Aug 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2692158 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2661022&cid=s_36954_144_f&fid=36954&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19644751%26dopt%3DAbstract This study investigated the concurrent and longitudinal relations among children's peer victimization, empathy, and emotional symptoms. The sample consisted of 175 children (85 girls, mean age = 6.1 years) recruited from kindergartens in Switzerland and followed for 1 year (Time 2). Parents and teachers reported on the children's emotional symptoms, empathy, and victimization. Children reported their empathy and victimization experiences. Peer victimization was a predictor of emotional symptoms at Time 1; this association was stronger for children with average or high levels of empathy. Increases in peer victimization predicted increases in boys' emotional symptoms, and increases in victimization were related to decreases in empathy. The results emphasize the role of negative peer relation... Child Psychiatry and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2661022 Thu, 30 Jul 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2661022 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2654374&cid=s_36954_144_f&fid=36954&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19636700%26dopt%3DAbstract The objective is to examine underlying associations between childhood fears, behavior problems and neurobehavioral functioning (NBF) in school-age children. Healthy, regular school children (N = 135), from second, fourth and sixth grade classes were assessed. Data regarding children's fears and behavioral problems were obtained with the Revised Fear Survey Schedule for Children, the Child Behavior Checklist, and NBF was assessed using a computerized neurobehavioral evaluation system. Significant correlations between childhood fears and NBF measures and somatic complaints were found. Children who reported higher levels of fears demonstrated lower working memory span (r = 0.24, p < 0.05), lower motor speed (r = -0.23, p < 0.05), and had more somatic complaints (r = 0.20, p < 0.05). ... Child Psychiatry and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2654374 Mon, 27 Jul 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2654374 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2646247&cid=s_36954_144_f&fid=36954&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19633951%26dopt%3DAbstract This study examined emotion perception processes in preschool aged children presenting with clinically significant emotional and behavior problems, with emphasis on sadness perception accuracy (i.e., the ability to correctly identify sadness from expressive and situational cues) and anger perception bias (i.e., the tendency to perceive anger in the absence of concordant cues) as related to children's externalizing symptoms. Participants were 82 children (3-5 years of age) admitted to a psychiatric day treatment program. Children participated in a structured puppet play activity to assess emotion understanding. Mothers reported on children's externalizing symptoms and program staff reported on children's emotion regulation and negative emotional lability. Young children in this clinical sam... Child Psychiatry and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2646247 Fri, 24 Jul 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2646247 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2646246&cid=s_36954_144_f&fid=36954&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19633952%26dopt%3DAbstract This study examined the efficacy of a brief 2-h discussion group for parents of preschool children that show disruptive behavior on shopping trips. Forty-six parents with children aged 2-6 years were randomly assigned to either the intervention condition or a waitlist control group. Significant intervention effects were found for measures of problem child behavior, dysfunctional parenting styles and parents' confidence in the parenting role. No group differences were found for parental adjustment or conflict over parenting. Intervention gains were maintained at 6-month follow-up. Results are discussed within a primary care and public health framework. PMID: 19633952 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Child Psychiatry and Human Development) Child Psychiatry and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2646246 Fri, 24 Jul 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2646246 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2603117&cid=s_36954_144_f&fid=36954&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19593639%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Jacobs E, Miller LC, Tirella LG Most international adoptees (IA) have rapid catch-up of the delays common at arrival. However, it is not known whether development at arrival predicts later abilities or school readiness. Therefore, we comprehensively evaluated language, fine motor, visual reception (VR), executive function (EF), attention (ATT), and sensory skills (SS) in IA preschoolers. We hypothesized that pre-adoptive risk factors, development at arrival, and the post-adoptive environment (time in day care) would predict developmental and behavioral outcomes and school readiness. 37 IA (12M:25F), currently age 4-5 years and previously seen in our clinic (mean arrival age 12 months), were evaluated with standardized tests of development, language, EF, ATT, and SS, along with... Child Psychiatry and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2603117 Fri, 10 Jul 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2603117 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2592252&cid=s_36954_144_f&fid=36954&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19590948%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Brunet PM, Mondloch CJ, Schmidt LA Temperamental shyness in children is characterized by avoidance of faces and eye contact, beginning in infancy. We conducted two studies to determine whether temperamental shyness was associated with deficits in sensitivity to some cues to facial identity. In Study 1, 40 typically developing 10-year-old children made same/different judgments about pairs of faces that differed in the appearance of individual features, the shape of the external contour, or the spacing among features; their parent completed the Colorado childhood temperament inventory (CCTI). Children who scored higher on CCTI shyness made more errors than their non-shy counterparts only when discriminating faces based on the spacing of features. Differences in accuracy were not... Child Psychiatry and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2592252 Thu, 09 Jul 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2592252 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2562953&cid=s_36954_144_f&fid=36954&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19568928%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Potegal M, Carlson G, Margulies D, Gutkovitch Z, Wall M Angry, agitated outbursts (AAOs) are a common precipitant of children's psychiatric hospitalization. In the hospital, AAOs present both management and diagnostic challenges, e.g., while they have recently been described as manic "rages", older studies suggest that they may be exacerbated temper tantrums. Factor analyses of 109 AAOs had by 46 hospitalized 4-12 year olds yielded 3 subsets of behaviors expressing different intensities of anger and 2 subsets expressing different intensities of distress (sadness). Cluster analysis of behavior time course supported the anger-distress distinction; the former behaviors are most probable at AAO onset and then decline while the latter are more evenly distributed across the outburst... Child Psychiatry and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2562953 Mon, 29 Jun 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2562953 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2478018&cid=s_36954_144_f&fid=36954&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19513826%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Jason L, Porter N, Shelleby E, Till L, Bell DS, Lapp CW, Rowe K, De Meirleir K The new diagnostic criteria for pediatric ME/CFS are structurally based on the Canadian Clinical Adult case definition, and have more required specific symptoms than the (Fukuda et al. Ann Intern Med 121:953-959, 1994) adult case definition. Physicians specializing in pediatric ME/CFS referred thirty-three pediatric patients with ME/CFS and 21 youth without the illness. Those who met ME/CFS criteria were separated into Severe and Moderate categories. Significant differences were found for symptoms within each of the six major categories: fatigue, post-exertional malaise, sleep, pain, neurocognitive difficulties, and autonomic/neuroendocrine/immune manifestations. In general, the results showed parti... Child Psychiatry and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2478018 Wed, 10 Jun 2009 04:00:00 +0100 2478018 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2478019&cid=s_36954_144_f&fid=36954&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19504182%26dopt%3DAbstract This study examines how multiple indicators of adolescent and parent acculturation relate to longitudinal trajectories of Latino adolescent aggression. The hierarchical linear modeling analysis is based on a final sample of 256 adolescents paired with one parent. Of the adolescents, 66% were born outside of the United States and the remaining 34% were US-born. Families lived in two sites: 38% lived in North Carolina and 62% lived in Arizona. The overall trajectory of Latino adolescent aggression displays a statistically significant negative trend best characterized by a quadratic curve. We delineate significant risk factors related to aggression levels, and show that gender, age, parent-reported acculturation conflicts, and adolescent-reported parent-adolescent conflicts are associated wit... Child Psychiatry and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2478019 Sat, 06 Jun 2009 04:00:00 +0100 2478019 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2478094&cid=s_36954_144_f&fid=36954&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19455416%26dopt%3DAbstract This study examined whether having a depressed parent intensifies the secondary deficits that often co-occur with offspring's depression symptoms. The sample was adult offspring of parents who had been diagnosed with depression 23 years earlier (N = 143) and demographically matched nondepressed parents (N = 197). Respondents completed mailed questionnaires. After controlling for demographic factors, offspring who were more depressed experienced more impairment: physical dysfunction, pain, and disability; anxiety, smoking, and drinking-related problems; poorer social resources; negative events and severe stressors; and reliance on emotional discharge coping. Parental status (depressed or not depressed) was not directly related to offspring impairment once offspring depression symptoms were ... Child Psychiatry and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2478094 Wed, 20 May 2009 04:00:00 +0100 2478094 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2478020&cid=s_36954_144_f&fid=36954&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19455417%26dopt%3DAbstract This study investigated the characteristics of the SWAN Rating Scale and its discrimination of ADHD subtypes. This instrument was developed by Swanson and his colleagues and measures attentiveness and hyperactivity on a continuum, from attention problems to positive attention skills, using a seven-point scale of behaviour: "far below average" to "far above average". The Australian Twin Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Study consists of questionnaire data collected from families in 1990/2007. The Rasch model was used to measure the characteristics of items from the SWAN Rating Scale; how well these items discriminated between those with and without ADHD. The prevalence of each subtype was found to be 5.3% for inattentive ADHD, 4.3% for hyperactive ADHD and 4.6% for combined ADHD. A ... Child Psychiatry and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2478020 Wed, 20 May 2009 04:00:00 +0100 2478020 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2478095&cid=s_36954_144_f&fid=36954&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19452274%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study of the relationship between defensive avoidance and the narrative structure of stressful memories in non-clinical adolescents, 168 high school students spoke for 10 min into a tape recorder about "your most stressful life event." Transcribed interviews were analyzed for narrative immersion, the extent to which the past is retold in chronological order, using a method adopted from Labov and Waletzky. A negative association was found between narrative immersion and avoidance (as operationalized by scores on the Marlowe Crowne Social Desirability Scale). Listening for narrative immersion in the speech of clients discussing past stressful times may therefore represent a useful tool in exploring defensive avoidance of stressful episodic memories. PMID: 19452274 [PubMed - as su... Child Psychiatry and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2478095 Tue, 19 May 2009 04:00:00 +0100 2478095 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2478096&cid=s_36954_144_f&fid=36954&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19449100%26dopt%3DAbstract This study investigated childhood cruelty to animals in Japan, Australia and Malaysia. Parents of 1,358 children between the ages of 5 and 13 years completed the Children's Attitudes and Behaviours towards Animals questionnaire (CABTA) which assesses Typical and Malicious Cruelty to animals. Analyses revealed no overall differences between children from these countries on either scale. However, younger boys were more likely to be cruel than younger girls in each country, and younger children in Australia and Japan were more likely to be cruel that older children in those countries. The findings are discussed in relation to previous research, and recommendations for future studies are suggested. PMID: 19449100 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Child Psychiatry and Human Devel... Child Psychiatry and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2478096 Sat, 16 May 2009 04:00:00 +0100 2478096 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2478097&cid=s_36954_144_f&fid=36954&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19404733%26dopt%3DAbstract This study investigated the relationship between childhood psychopathology and weight over the course of 3 years. Body Mass Index (BMI) percentiles and demographic data of children (ages 8-18) with depression (n = 143) or anxiety (n = 43) were compared to healthy controls (n = 99). Both childhood depression (chi (2) = 4.6, p = 0.03) and anxiety (chi (2) = 6.0, p = 0.01) were associated with increased BMI percentiles. Compared to controls, BMI percentiles of depressed females over the course of the study differed profoundly (chi (2) = 7.0, p = 0.01) and BMI percentiles of anxious females approached significance (chi (2) = 3.7, p = 0.06). Males with anxiety showed a greater trend towards overweight (chi (2) = 3.3, p = 0.07) in comparison to controls. The major finding that depression and anx... Child Psychiatry and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2478097 Wed, 29 Apr 2009 04:00:00 +0100 2478097 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2478098&cid=s_36954_144_f&fid=36954&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19381800%26dopt%3DAbstract This study evaluates the relationships among personality symptoms, self-esteem and psychopathology in 60 child psychiatric patients (M (age) = 10.6) using principal component analysis (PCA) to aggregate data from multiple informants and compares this strategy with a single informant approach. When predictor and criterion measures were rated by a single informant, strong and differential relationships between personality symptoms, self-esteem and psychopathology are found. When multiple informant data were combined into composite scores by PCA, correlations decreased but remained significant. Hierarchical regression analyses affirm the robustness of the following pattern: Emotional Instability, Introversion and Global Self-Esteem are associated with internalizing whereas Disagreeableness an... Child Psychiatry and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2478098 Tue, 21 Apr 2009 04:00:00 +0100 2478098 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2478099&cid=s_36954_144_f&fid=36954&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19373551%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Salmon K, Dadds MR, Allen J, Hawes DJ To assess the effectiveness of providing training in elaborative, emotion rich reminiscing (emotional reminiscing, ER) as an adjunct to Parent Management Training (PMT) for parents of children (N = 38, M age = 56.9, SD = 15.8 months) with oppositional behaviors. Control parents received PMT and non-language adjunct intervention, child-directed play. All components of the intervention were manualized. Parents in both conditions received training in an abbreviated course of PMT. Parents in the ER condition additionally received brief training in discussing everyday past events with their child incorporating emotion labels and causes, "wh" questions, and detailed descriptive information. Parents in the control condition received training in a... Child Psychiatry and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2478099 Fri, 17 Apr 2009 04:00:00 +0100 2478099 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2299080&cid=s_36954_144_f&fid=36954&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19326209%26dopt%3DAbstract This report describes the development and psychometric properties of the Children's Florida Obsessive Compulsive Inventory (C-FOCI). Designed specifically as a brief measure for assessing obsessive-compulsive symptoms, the C-FOCI was created for use in both clinical and community settings. Study 1 included 82 children and adolescents diagnosed with primary Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, and their parents. The Children's Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (CY-BOCS) was administered to assess symptom severity. Thereafter, parents completed the Child Obsessive-Compulsive Impact Scale-Parent Version and Child Behavior Checklist, and youth completed the C-FOCI, Child Obsessive-Compulsive Impact Scale-Child Version, Multidimensional Anxiety Scale for Children, and Children's Depression Invent... Child Psychiatry and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2299080 Fri, 27 Mar 2009 04:00:00 +0100 2299080 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2299078&cid=s_36954_144_f&fid=36954&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19326210%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Saylor CF, Macias M, Wohlfeiler M, Morgan L, Awkerman NG A series of studies of potentially-traumatic life-events (PTLE) in children and youth with special needs (CSN) was conducted after parents of 102 CSN from interdisciplinary pediatric clinics listed PTLE at significantly higher rates on the Pediatric Emotional Distress Scale (PEDS) compared to parents 58 students with no diagnoses. Subsequent studies replicated this disparity in 213 5-15 year-olds sampled through school-distributed parent PTLE checklists instead of PEDS. Results from school samples suggested significantly more PTLE in CSN, t (211) = -3.39, p < .001. In both studies some of PTLE reported significantly more in CSN were potentially related to the special needs of the child (e.g., hospitalizations, school ... Child Psychiatry and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2299078 Fri, 27 Mar 2009 04:00:00 +0100 2299078 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2284688&cid=s_36954_144_f&fid=36954&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19296214%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Fite PJ, Stoppelbein L, Greening L, Gaertner AE The current study provided further validity for the use of a measure of proactive and reactive aggression that was first developed by Little and his colleagues. Confirmatory factor analyses performed with a high-risk clinical population (N = 107) revealed that the model was a good fit to the data. Structural equation models revealed significant associations in the expected direction between the Little et al. measure and another measure of proactive and reactive aggression developed by Dodge and Coie. Further analyses revealed that the proactive aggression subscales of the Little et al. and Dodge and Coie measures were significantly related to conduct problems. However, the reactive aggression subscale of the Little et al. measure... Child Psychiatry and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2284688 Thu, 19 Mar 2009 04:00:00 +0100 2284688 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2260509&cid=s_36954_144_f&fid=36954&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19280336%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Schredl M, Fricke-Oerkermann L, Mitschke A, Wiater A, Lehmkuhl G Nightmares are defined as dreams with strong negative emotions which awaken the dreamer and are common during childhood: cross-sectional data shows the highest prevalence rates between the ages of five and ten. The present longitudinal study was designed to study the stability of nightmares over the course of 2 years. Sleep questionnaires and Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaires were completed by 851 10-years-old children and their parents, separately. In the total sample, nightmares occurred often in 2.5% (parental estimates) to 3.5% (self estimates of the children). The findings indicate that nightmare stability is considerably high, i.e., nightmare occurrence was predicted by the prevalence the year befor... Child Psychiatry and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2260509 Thu, 12 Mar 2009 04:00:00 +0100 2260509 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2260506&cid=s_36954_144_f&fid=36954&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19280337%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Cheron DM, Ehrenreich JT, Pincus DB This investigation seeks to establish the psychometric properties of an adapted measure of experiential avoidance (EA) in the parenting context by assessing its relation to other parenting constructs and psychosocial correlates of child anxiety in a clinical sample. Participants were 154 children (90 female, 64 male) diagnosed with anxiety disorders and their parents (148 mothers, 119 fathers). The newly developed Parental Acceptance and Action Questionnaire (PAAQ) was administered to parents along with self-report measures of adult experiential avoidance, parental psychopathology, affective expression, and parental control behaviors. A subsample of participants, n = 35, were re-administered the PAAQ to assess temporal stability. Factor anal... Child Psychiatry and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2260506 Thu, 12 Mar 2009 04:00:00 +0100 2260506 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2260503&cid=s_36954_144_f&fid=36954&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19280338%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Ledda MG, Fratta AL, Pintor M, Zuddas A, Cianchetti C A comparison of clinical features and adult outcome in adolescents with three types of psychotic disorders: schizophrenic (SPh), schizoaffective (SA) and bipolar with psychotic features (BPP). Subjects (n = 41) were finally diagnosed (DSM-IV criteria) with SPh (n = 17), SA (n = 11) or BPP (n = 13). Clinical evaluation took place at onset and at a 3-year follow-up in all 41, and at least after 5 years in 36 patients. Symptoms were rated on the basis of the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), integrating items from the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) and the Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children-Present and Lifetime Version (K-SADS-PL). The Children Global Assessment... Child Psychiatry and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2260503 Thu, 12 Mar 2009 04:00:00 +0100 2260503 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2260500&cid=s_36954_144_f&fid=36954&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19280339%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Alloway TP, Gathercole SE, Holmes J, Place M, Elliott JG, Hilton K The present study investigated whether children with ADHD and those with working memory impairments have a common behavioral profile in the classroom. Three teacher checklists were used: the Conners' teacher rating scale (CTRS), the behavior rating inventory of executive function (BRIEF), and the working memory rating scale. The Conners' continuous performance test (CPT) was also included to determine whether there is a correspondence between performance on this widely used cognitive measure of attention deficits and teacher ratings of classroom behavior. All three behavior scales, but not the CPT, were able to successfully discriminate children with ADHD and those with working memory deficits from typically-de... Child Psychiatry and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2260500 Thu, 12 Mar 2009 04:00:00 +0100 2260500 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2205311&cid=s_36954_144_f&fid=36954&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19229606%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Hughes AA, Furr JM, Sood ED, Barmish AJ, Kendall PC Examined the prevalence of anxiety, mood, and substance use disorders in the parents of anxiety disordered (AD) children relative to children with no psychological disorder (NPD). The specificity of relationships between child and parent anxiety disorders was also investigated. Results revealed higher prevalence rates of anxiety disorders in parents of AD children relative to NPD children. Specific child-mother relationships were found between child separation anxiety and panic disorder and maternal panic disorder, as were child and maternal social phobia, obsessive compulsive disorder, and specific phobias. Findings are discussed with reference to theory, clinical implications, and future research needs. PMID: 19229606 [... Child Psychiatry and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2205311 Fri, 20 Feb 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2205311 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2141444&cid=s_36954_144_f&fid=36954&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19172393%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: De Bolle M, De Clercq B, Van Leeuwen K, Decuyper M, Rosseel Y, De Fruyt F The present study investigates five types of continuity of personality and internalizing and externalizing problems (i.e., structural, differential, mean-level, individual-level and ipsative continuity) in a sample of referred children and adolescents (N = 114) with a broad variety of psychological problems. Mothers were administered a child personality and psychopathology measure, i.e., the Hierarchical Personality Inventory for Children [Handleiding hiërarchische persoonlijkheidsvragenlijst voor kinderen (manual hierarchical personality inventory for children). Ghent University, Department of Developmental, Personality, and Social Psychology, Ghent, 2005] and the Child Behavior Checklist [Handleid... Child Psychiatry and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2141444 Sun, 25 Jan 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2141444 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2137718&cid=s_36954_144_f&fid=36954&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19169810%26dopt%3DAbstract This study aimed to test a mediator model based on the Risk and Resistance model to explore the role of intrapersonal characteristics and stress processing variables in psychosocial functioning. Participants were 44 adolescents with SCD, 15 healthy siblings, and 43 primary caregivers, recruited from an East Coast comprehensive sickle cell center. The participants completed paper and pencil measures of resilience factors (attributional style, hope, coping) and internalizing symptoms (depression, anxiety). Internalizing symptoms among adolescents with SCD and healthy siblings did not differ and were within non-clinical ranges. Self-esteem of adolescents with SCD was correlated with less depression and anxiety and sense of inadequacy was associated with poorer functioning. There were no findi... Child Psychiatry and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2137718 Sat, 24 Jan 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2137718 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2131383&cid=s_36954_144_f&fid=36954&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19165591%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusion Results suggest that the FACI is a promising measure of family anxiety constructs that may be useful in both research and clinical settings. PMID: 19165591 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Child Psychiatry and Human Development) Child Psychiatry and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2131383 Fri, 23 Jan 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2131383 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2131382&cid=s_36954_144_f&fid=36954&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19165592%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusion FCBT may yield a stronger treatment effect than CCBT that lasts for at least 1 year, although the lack of consistency across informants necessitates a circumspect view of the findings. The potential moderating and mediating effects considered in this study offer interesting avenues for further study. PMID: 19165592 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Child Psychiatry and Human Development) Child Psychiatry and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2131382 Fri, 23 Jan 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2131382 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2131381&cid=s_36954_144_f&fid=36954&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19165593%26dopt%3DAbstract This study represents an important first step toward establishing more comprehensive age, race, and gender norms for the MASC. PMID: 19165593 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Child Psychiatry and Human Development) Child Psychiatry and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2131381 Fri, 23 Jan 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2131381 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2131380&cid=s_36954_144_f&fid=36954&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19165594%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Gartstein MA, Peleg Y, Young BN, Slobodskaya HR The present study addresses cross-cultural differences between infants born to families of Russian immigrants in USA and Israel, as well as Russian families residing in Russia, with the emphasis on evaluating the impact of immigration and acculturation. Community samples of primary caregivers of infants between 3 and 12 months of age were recruited and asked to complete temperament (IBQ-R) and acculturation (SAM) questionnaires. Results support our hypotheses that cultural influences contribute to shaping infant temperament, in so far as differences between the samples of infants were found in Perceptual Sensitivity and Low Intensity Pleasure domains of temperament. Although, a number of temperament scales did not significantly c... Child Psychiatry and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2131380 Fri, 23 Jan 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2131380 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2107808&cid=s_36954_144_f&fid=36954&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19142724%26dopt%3DAbstract This study investigated the psychometric properties of the Positive and Negative Affect Scale for Children (PANAS-C) (Laurent et al. Psychol Asses 1: 326-338, 1999) in a sample of 139 children (ages 7-14 years) diagnosed with a principal anxiety disorder. Results from this study provided support for the convergent validity of the PANAS-C with established measures of childhood anxiety and depression. As predicted, negative affect was significantly associated with measures of anxiety and depression whereas positive affect was associated with depression. However, weaknesses in discriminant validity were found, most notably with regard to social anxiety. Consistent with previous research, social anxiety was significantly associated with low levels of positive affect (PA). Furthermore, results ... Child Psychiatry and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2107808 Wed, 14 Jan 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2107808 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2107807&cid=s_36954_144_f&fid=36954&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19142725%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusions In this non-clinical sample of preschool age children, parental reports of clinical ADHD profiles were significantly associated with parental reports of sleep problems but not with actigraphically recorded sleep-wake data. PMID: 19142725 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Child Psychiatry and Human Development) Child Psychiatry and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2107807 Wed, 14 Jan 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2107807 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1999180&cid=s_36954_144_f&fid=36954&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19039661%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Da Fonseca D, Cury F, Santos A, Payen V, Bounoua L, Brisswalter J, Rufo M, Poinso F, Deruelle C The aim of this study was to determine whether depression can explain the negative relationship between academic performance and the belief that intelligence is a fixed trait, i.e., entity belief. A sample of 353 French volunteer adolescents (age 11-16) completed questionnaires assessing entity theory and depressive symptoms (Children Depression Inventory: CDI). Academic performance was assessed by math performance while controlling for baseline level of math ability. Results of this study revealed that entity theory is a significant negative predictor of academic performance and a significant positive predictor of depression. Importantly, our findings also show that depression play... Child Psychiatry and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1999180 Fri, 28 Nov 2008 05:00:00 +0100 1999180 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1999179&cid=s_36954_144_f&fid=36954&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19039662%26dopt%3DAbstract This study examined whether specific emotion-related constructs may be uniquely related to anxious or depressive symptoms in youth. Although anxiety and depression are comorbid in both youth and adult populations, delineation of these disorders is a worthwhile endeavor given that such differentiation may lead to a clearer conceptualization of the disorders that in turn may facilitate more efficient diagnosis and effective treatment. Children in the 4th and 5th grades (N = 187; M age = 10 years, 3 months) completed measures to assess symptoms of anxiety and depression and emotion-related functioning. Using structural equation modeling, emotion-related variables were identified that were common to both anxiety and depression (poor emotion awareness, emotion dysregulation, poor emotion regula... Child Psychiatry and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1999179 Fri, 28 Nov 2008 05:00:00 +0100 1999179 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1934116&cid=s_36954_144_f&fid=36954&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18982443%26dopt%3DAbstract This study examined whether (1) parents of anxiety-disordered (AD) children differed from those of non-clinical controls in their childrearing style, and whether (2) the child-rearing style of parents towards AD children is different from that towards their siblings. A clinical sample of 25 AD children, age range 8-13 years, was compared with 25 siblings and a non-clinical control group (n = 25). Childrearing was assessed by means of parental self-report, child report and through an expressed emotion interview measure. AD children perceived more parental rejection than non-clinical control children or the AD children's siblings. High-expressed emotion was scored significantly more often towards AD children than non-clinical control children, or their siblings. On [Symbol: see text]care' an... Child Psychiatry and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1934116 Tue, 04 Nov 2008 05:00:00 +0100 1934116 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1802824&cid=s_36954_144_f&fid=36954&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18792777%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Anastassiou-Hadjicharalambous X, Warden D Heart rate (HR) was employed to compare vicarious affective arousal across three groups of children (aged 7.6 - 11, N = 95): Conduct Disordered (CD) elevated on Callous-Unemotional traits (CD/CU), CD low on CU traits (CD-only), and [Symbol: see text]typically-developing' controls, matched in age, gender and socioeconomic background. While watching an emotion evocative film, participants' HR was monitored. Immediately after viewing, self-reported vicarious responses were obtained. Participants also completed the Bryant Empathy Index. CD/CU children displayed lower magnitude of HR change than both CD-only and controls. Both CD groups reported fewer vicarious responses and scored lower than controls on the empathy index. These results sup... Child Psychiatry and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1802824 Tue, 16 Sep 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1802824 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1788797&cid=s_36954_144_f&fid=36954&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18784912%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Berman SL, Weems CF, Petkus VF This paper examines the expression, prevalence, and incremental validity of identity problem symptoms in adolescence. A sample of high school students (N = 140) aged 15-18 completed measures of identity problem symptoms, identity status, and psychological symptom severity. Findings suggested that 14.3% would meet DSM IV criteria for identity problem. Identity problem symptoms predicted psychological symptom scores beyond identity status, and identity status accounted for substantially less variance in psychological symptom severity when controlling for identity problem symptoms. Additional research on the relationship between identity problems and psychological adjustment is needed and greater attention to the role of identity issues in clinical ... Child Psychiatry and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1788797 Thu, 11 Sep 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1788797 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1782759&cid=s_36954_144_f&fid=36954&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18780179%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Yang J, Zhou S, Yao S, Su L, McWhinnie C To explore the relationship between theory of mind (ToM) and executive function (EF) in a sample of individuals from mainland China, 20 children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD), 26 children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), and 30 normal control subjects were compared on two batteries of ToM tasks and EF tasks. Children with ASD had a significant theory of mind impairment relative to the other controls, while non-verbal IQ removed group differences in executive function. ToM was significantly correlated with inhibitory control. Performance on inhibitory control tasks, however, did not affect performance on ToM tasks. PMID: 18780179 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Child Psychiatry and Human Devel... Child Psychiatry and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1782759 Tue, 09 Sep 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1782759 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1782758&cid=s_36954_144_f&fid=36954&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18780180%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusions, treatment implications, limitations, and future areas of research are discussed. PMID: 18780180 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Child Psychiatry and Human Development) Child Psychiatry and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1782758 Tue, 09 Sep 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1782758 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1709374&cid=s_36954_144_f&fid=36954&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18704679%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Postert C, Averbeck-Holocher M, Beyer T, Müller J, Furniss T DSM-IV and ICD-10 have limitations in the diagnostic classification of psychiatric disorders at preschool age (0-5 years). The publication of the Diagnostic Classification 0-3 (DC:0-3) in 1994, its basically revised second edition (DC:0-3R) in 2005 and the Research Diagnostic Criteria--Preschool Age (RDC-PA) in 2004 have provided several modifications of these manuals. Taking into account the growing empirical evidence highlighting the need for a diagnostic classification system for psychiatric disorders in preschool children, the main categorical classification systems in preschool psychiatry will be presented and discussed. The paper will focus on issues of validity, usefulness and reliability in DSM-IV, ICD-1... Child Psychiatry and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1709374 Thu, 14 Aug 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1709374 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1668556&cid=s_36954_144_f&fid=36954&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18663569%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusion AFD processes were associated with the mental health of students and the functioning of their families. These findings highlight potential foci to address in prevention and intervention programs, such as improving communication and teaching families how to negotiate cultural value differences. PMID: 18663569 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Child Psychiatry and Human Development) Child Psychiatry and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1668556 Tue, 29 Jul 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1668556 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1668555&cid=s_36954_144_f&fid=36954&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18663570%26dopt%3DAbstract This study aims at further investigating emotion processing in children with ADHD, by assessing not only facial emotion recognition (Experiment 1) but also emotion recognition on the basis of contextual cues (Experiment 2). Twenty-seven children and adolescents with ADHD were compared to age-matched typically developing controls. Importantly, findings of this study show that emotion-processing difficulties in children with ADHD extend beyond facial emotion and also affect the recognition of emotions on the basis of contextual information. Our data thus indicate that children with ADHD have an overall emotion-processing deficit. PMID: 18663570 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Child Psychiatry and Human Development) Child Psychiatry and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1668555 Tue, 29 Jul 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1668555 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1664403&cid=s_36954_144_f&fid=36954&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18661229%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Muris P, Mayer B, den Adel M, Roos T, van Wamelen J The purpose of the present study was to evaluate negative automatic thoughts and anxiety control as predictors of change produced by cognitive-behavioral treatment of youths with anxiety disorders. Forty-five high-anxious children aged between 9 and 12 years who were selected from the primary school population, received a standardized CBT intervention that was provided in a group format. Before and after the intervention, children completed scales of negative automatic thoughts and perceived control over anxiety-related events as well as a questionnaire for measuring DSM-defined anxiety disorders symptoms, which was the outcome measure. Results indicated that CBT was effective in reducing children's anxiety symptoms. Most imp... Child Psychiatry and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1664403 Sat, 26 Jul 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1664403 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1631234&cid=s_36954_144_f&fid=36954&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18626767%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Denny KG, Steiner H When under conditions of high demand and allostatic load, are happiness and satisfaction in four domains (family, friends, academics, recreation) influenced more by external or internal factors? Do student-athletes who lead exceedingly complicated lives report happiness as a function of athletic achievement or internal disposition? Stanford student-athletes (N = 140) were studied with a standardized questionnaire which examined internal factors ((1) locus of control, (2) mindfulness, (3) self-restraint, and (4) self-esteem) to see whether they better account for happiness than external factors (playing time, scholarship). As predicted, internal factors were more powerful correlates of happiness when holding constant demographics. Regression models differed ... Child Psychiatry and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1631234 Tue, 15 Jul 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1631234 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1631233&cid=s_36954_144_f&fid=36954&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18626768%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusions These results extend the findings of the relationship between parenting stress and child behavior to a sample of high-risk children with prenatal drug exposure. Implications for outcome and treatment are discussed. PMID: 18626768 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Child Psychiatry and Human Development) Child Psychiatry and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1631233 Tue, 15 Jul 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1631233 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1616233&cid=s_36954_144_f&fid=36954&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18618238%26dopt%3DAbstract Discussion Although the physiological stress response of recovering adolescent anorexic patients was similar to controls, the psychological response of partially and fully weight-restored anorexic adolescents appears similar to that of acutely anorexic adolescents. Treatment implications are discussed in terms of the persistence of negative affect and treatment resistance. PMID: 18618238 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Child Psychiatry and Human Development) Child Psychiatry and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1616233 Fri, 11 Jul 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1616233 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1582084&cid=s_36954_144_f&fid=36954&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18600444%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Karabekiroglu K, Aman MG We investigated the congruent and criterion validity of the Aberrant Behavior Checklist (ABC) in a clinical sample of toddlers seen over 1 year in Turkey. All consecutive patients (N = 93), 14-43 months old (mean, 30.6 mos.), in a child psychiatry outpatient clinic were included. The ABC, Autism Behavior Checklist (AuBC), and Child Behavior Checklist 2/3 (CBCL) were completed by the children's parents. Internal consistency for ABC subscales was moderate to high. The total ABC score, which is interdependent with subscales (e.g., Irritability, Social Withdrawal) of the ABC, was significantly correlated with the CBCL-total (r = .73) and AuBC-total (r = .71) scores. Subscales of the ABC revealed significant differences between diagnostic groups. ABC Total,... Child Psychiatry and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1582084 Fri, 04 Jul 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1582084 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1577386&cid=s_36954_144_f&fid=36954&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18597170%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusion: Adolescents diagnosed with ADHD and comorbid disruptive behavior disorders during childhood report high levels of aggression associated with increased emotionality in the form of anger, but not hostile cognitions. These findings suggest that in addition to inattention and hyperactivity/impulsivity, emotional dysregulation may be an important component of ADHD, particularly as it presents in adolescence. PMID: 18597170 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Child Psychiatry and Human Development) Child Psychiatry and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1577386 Thu, 03 Jul 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1577386 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1551541&cid=s_36954_144_f&fid=36954&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18581231%26dopt%3DAbstract This study compared demographic, academic, and clinical characteristics of adolescents at risk for mental health problems who either did or did not request help during a voluntary mental health screening. High school students completed a self-report to identify risk of mental health problems (n = 364). Students at risk were administered a clinical interview. Among those at risk, we compared those who requested help (n = 61) to those who did not (n = 22). The group who did not request help had a larger proportion of Caucasian students, higher grades, fewer days absent, and fewer detentions than their counterparts. In addition, those who did not request help were significantly more likely to report suicidal ideation in the preceding 3 months (63.6% vs. 27.9%, p < .001). Relying on adolesc... Child Psychiatry and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1551541 Wed, 25 Jun 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1551541 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1543536&cid=s_36954_144_f&fid=36954&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18574687%26dopt%3DAbstract This study was designed to evaluate the protective role of self-perceived school attachment and family involvement on the development of these negative behaviors during adolescence. The Social and Health Assessment (SAHA) survey was conducted among 652 predominantly minority, inner-city adolescents during their transition from middle to high school in order to examine school attachment, perceived teacher support, parental control, and exposure to community violence as predictors of engagement in violent activities, development of aggressive beliefs, perception of school climate, and academic motivation one year later. Family and school factors appeared to be differentially associated with the negative outcomes. School attachment was associated with lower levels of violent delinquency and a... Child Psychiatry and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1543536 Tue, 24 Jun 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1543536 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1500066&cid=s_36954_144_f&fid=36954&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18535903%26dopt%3DAbstract This study explored whether these variables were similarly related in nonclinical samples of elementary and middle school students (N = 302). Despite greater self-reported oppositional behavior among boys in these samples, anxiety outweighed gender as a predictor of oppositional behavior. These findings suggest that the relationship between anxiety and oppositional behavior is not exclusive to clinical samples and that oppositional behavior that is clinical or developmental has common underlying variables across childhood. PMID: 18535903 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Child Psychiatry and Human Development) Child Psychiatry and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1500066 Fri, 06 Jun 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1500066 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1420548&cid=s_36954_144_f&fid=36954&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17665305%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSION: Our results highlight the primacy of the first-year follow-up diagnosis in predicting diagnostic stability of EOP. PMID: 17665305 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Child Psychiatry and Human Development) Child Psychiatry and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1420548 Mon, 05 May 2008 20:37:58 +0100 1420548 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1420547&cid=s_36954_144_f&fid=36954&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17701341%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Rodriguez CM, Eden AM Reduction of ineffective parenting is promoted in parent training components of mental health treatment for children with externalizing behavior disorders, but minimal research has considered whether disciplinary style and lower abuse risk could also be associated with positive functioning in such children. The present study examined whether lower dysfunctional disciplinary style and child abuse risk was associated with children's positive self-concept, adaptive attributional style, and hopefulness. Recruited from children undergoing treatment for disruptive behavior disorders, 69 mother-child dyads participated, with maternal caregivers reporting on their disciplinary style and abuse potential and children reporting independently on their positive functi... Child Psychiatry and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1420547 Mon, 05 May 2008 20:37:55 +0100 1420547 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1420546&cid=s_36954_144_f&fid=36954&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17710537%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: McKinney C, Renk K Although parent-adolescent interactions have been examined, relevant variables have not been integrated into a multivariate model. As a result, this study examined a multivariate model of parent-late adolescent gender dyads in an attempt to capture important predictors in late adolescents' important and unique transition to adulthood. The sample for this study consisted of 151 male and 324 female late adolescents, who reported on their mothers' and fathers' parenting style, their family environment, their mothers' and fathers' expectations for them, the conflict that they experience with their mothers and fathers, and their own adjustment. Overall, the variables had significant relationships with one another. Further, the male-father, male-mother, and female... Child Psychiatry and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1420546 Mon, 05 May 2008 20:37:53 +0100 1420546 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1420545&cid=s_36954_144_f&fid=36954&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17710538%26dopt%3DAbstract We present research documenting the development and validation of a brief parent-report measure of child empathy targeted at the formative years for the development of empathic skills, through to adolescence. The Griffith Empathy Measure, adapted from the Bryant Index of Empathy, showed convergence with child ratings, and good reliability and validity across gender and age. Consistent with theoretical accounts of empathy, it was found to include affective and cognitive components that showed divergent associations with other aspects of child functioning. PMID: 17710538 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Child Psychiatry and Human Development) Child Psychiatry and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1420545 Mon, 05 May 2008 20:37:48 +0100 1420545 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1420544&cid=s_36954_144_f&fid=36954&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17763937%26dopt%3DAbstract This study suggests that both methylphenidate and bupropion increase plasma levels of DHEA-S in boys with ADHD. PMID: 17763937 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Child Psychiatry and Human Development) Child Psychiatry and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1420544 Mon, 05 May 2008 20:37:46 +0100 1420544 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1420543&cid=s_36954_144_f&fid=36954&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17786552%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Hughes AA, Lourea-Waddell B, Kendall PC The present study aimed to examine somatic complaints in children with anxiety disorders compared to non-anxious control children and whether somatic complaints predict poorer academic performance. The sample consisted of 108 children and adolescents (aged 8-14 years) assessed by a structured diagnostic interview: 69 with a principal (i.e., most severe and/or interfering) anxiety disorder diagnosis and 39 non-anxious community controls. Established child and parent report measure of somatic complaints, anxiety, and internalizing symptoms were completed. The participants' primary teacher was used to assess academic performance. Findings indicated that children with anxiety disorders reported more somatic complaints than the non-anxious co... Child Psychiatry and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1420543 Mon, 05 May 2008 20:37:43 +0100 1420543 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1420542&cid=s_36954_144_f&fid=36954&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17849183%26dopt%3DAbstract This study evaluated the psychometric properties of the Chinese version of the Social Anxiety Scale for Adolescents (SAS-A) in a sample of 296 adolescents (49% boys) in Grades 7, 8, 9, 10, and 12 with a mean age of 15.52 years. Confirmatory factor analysis replicated the three-factor structure of the SAS-A in the Chinese sample: Fear of Negative Evaluation (FNE), Social Avoidance and Distress in New Situations (SAD-New), and Social Avoidance and Distress-General (SAD-General). Internal consistency and test-retest reliability were appropriate. The results also revealed a clear and predictable pattern of relationships between the SAS-A and the Questionnaire about Interpersonal Difficulties for Adolescents and the International Personality Item Pool. Chinese boys reported greater SAD-General ... Child Psychiatry and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1420542 Mon, 05 May 2008 20:37:41 +0100 1420542 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1420541&cid=s_36954_144_f&fid=36954&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17874181%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Fite PJ, Stoppelbein L, Greening L The current study examined child symptoms and parenting stress as predictors of children's age upon admission to a psychiatric inpatient facility. The children (N = 252) ranged from 6 to 12 years of age; most were male (71%) and over half were African American (59%). Externalizing behavior symptoms were associated with a younger age upon admission and internalizing behavior symptoms were associated with an older age. Parental social isolation was associated with a younger child's age upon admission, whereas difficulty with parental attachment was associated with an older age. PMID: 17874181 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Child Psychiatry and Human Development) Child Psychiatry and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1420541 Mon, 05 May 2008 20:37:38 +0100 1420541 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1420521&cid=s_36954_144_f&fid=36954&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18449637%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Asberg KK, Bowers C, Renk K, McKinney C Today's society puts constant demands on the time and resources of all individuals, with the resulting stress promoting a decline in psychological adjustment. Emerging adults are not exempt from this experience, with an alarming number reporting excessive levels of stress and stress-related problems. As a result, the present study addresses the need for a comprehensive model of emerging adult adjustment in the context of stress and coping variables and highlights the importance of accounting for differences between males and females in research concerning stress, social support, coping, and adjustment. Participants for this study are 239 college students (122 males and 117 females), the majority of whom are Caucasian. Results of structur... Child Psychiatry and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1420521 Thu, 01 May 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1420521 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1420523&cid=s_36954_144_f&fid=36954&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18446434%26dopt%3DAbstract This study provides a first test of an experimental method, the "space odyssey" paradigm, that was designed to manipulate interpretation bias in children. Seventy non-clinical children aged 8-12 years first completed a standardized anxiety questionnaire. Following this, they completed the space odyssey paradigm to induce either a negative or a positive interpretation bias. After this stage of interpretation training, children were presented with a series of ambiguous vignettes for which they had to rate perceived levels of threat as an index of interpretation bias. Results indicated that the space odyssey paradigm was successful in training interpretations: children in the negative training condition quickly learned to choose negative outcomes, while children in the positive training condi... Child Psychiatry and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1420523 Wed, 30 Apr 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1420523 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1420522&cid=s_36954_144_f&fid=36954&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18446435%26dopt%3DAbstract This study investigated the relation between the regulative trait of effortful control, and in particular attention control, and psychopathological symptoms in a sample of 207 non-clinical children aged 8-12 years. For this purpose, children completed self-report scales for measuring regulative traits and various types of psychopathological symptoms (i.e., anxiety, depression, and aggression) and were tested with a neuropsychological battery for measuring attention/effortful control capacity. Results indicated that self-report and performance-based measures of attention/effortful control were at best moderately correlated. Further, it was found that self-report indexes of attention/effortful control were clearly negatively related to psychopathological symptoms, which provides support for ... Child Psychiatry and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1420522 Wed, 30 Apr 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1420522 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1420524&cid=s_36954_144_f&fid=36954&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18360771%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Swenson LP, Spirito A, Dyl J, Kittler J, Hunt JI This archival study of 288 adolescent psychiatric inpatients examined the psychiatric correlates of cutting behavior. Participants were categorized into Threshold cutters (n = 61), Subthreshold cutters (n = 43), and Noncutters (n = 184). Groups were compared on psychiatric diagnoses, suicidality, and self-reported impairment. Results demonstrated that females were more likely to cut relative to males; however, gender did not affect the correlates of cutting behavior. Adolescents in the Threshold group were more likely to be diagnosed with Major Depression and had higher self-reported suicidality, depression, and trauma-related symptoms of depression and dissociation relative to the Noncutting group. The Subthreshold group did no... Child Psychiatry and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1420524 Sat, 22 Mar 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1420524 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1420525&cid=s_36954_144_f&fid=36954&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18338246%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Ye HJ, Rice KG, Storch EA The study examined perfectionism, symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and depression, and peer relationships among a clinical sample of 31 youth (age range 7-18 years) diagnosed with OCD. Using a correlational design, perfectionistic beliefs accounted for significant variance in OCD symptoms, depressive symptoms, and difficulties in peer relationships for children with OCD. One dimension of perfectionism, sensitivity to mistakes, was the most salient maladaptive aspect of perfectionism for this sample whereas another dimension, contingent self-esteem, emerged as the most salient adaptive dimension. Implications are discussed regarding the diagnosis, treatment, and developmental course of OCD among children and adolescents. PMID: 183382... Child Psychiatry and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1420525 Thu, 13 Mar 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1420525 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1420526&cid=s_36954_144_f&fid=36954&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18330693%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, it is apparent from the results of the present study that delinquent Korean adolescents perceived and experienced significantly more family dysfunction, family violence, and poor parental partner dynamics than did non-delinquents. PMID: 18330693 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Child Psychiatry and Human Development) Child Psychiatry and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1420526 Tue, 11 Mar 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1420526 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1420563&cid=s_36954_144_f&fid=36954&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17564828%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Faragian S, Kurs R, Poyurovsky M A substantial proportion of adolescent schizophrenia patients also has obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). As the reliability of OCD identification in schizophrenia has been challenged, we evaluated insight into OCD symptoms and awareness of schizophrenia, using the Brown Assessment of Beliefs Scale and the Scale to Assess Unawareness of Mental Disorder respectively, in 22 adolescent inpatients who met DSM-IV criteria for both schizophrenia and OCD. Awareness of illness was also assessed in a comparison group of 22 non-OCD adolescent schizophrenia patients. Nineteen (86.3%) schizo-obsessive patients exhibited good or fair insight into OCD, while only 3 patients revealed lack of insight. Roughly 30% of patients in the two schizophrenia groups w... Child Psychiatry and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1420563 Sat, 01 Mar 2008 05:00:00 +0100 1420563 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1420562&cid=s_36954_144_f&fid=36954&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17564829%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSION: The diagnostic threshold of inattentive type ADHD shows HPA axis dysregulation whereas the more mild form does not show dysfunction. PMID: 17564829 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Child Psychiatry and Human Development) Child Psychiatry and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1420562 Sat, 01 Mar 2008 05:00:00 +0100 1420562 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1420559&cid=s_36954_144_f&fid=36954&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17564832%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Mouridsen SE, Rich B, Isager T In order to study the broader phenotype of infantile autism (IA) we compared the rates and types of epilepsy and other neurological diseases in the parents of 111 consecutively admitted patients with IA with a matched control group of parents of 330 children from the general population. All participants were screened through the nationwide Danish National Hospital Register (DNHR). We inquired about epilepsy and other neurological diseases during an observation period of 27 years. A similar proportion of case- and control mothers had a diagnosis of any neurological disease, 9.9% vs 10.6%. For case fathers the proportion was 5.7% vs 9.7%. No single neurological disease was significantly more frequent among parents of persons with IA. Our study lent... Child Psychiatry and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1420559 Sat, 01 Mar 2008 05:00:00 +0100 1420559 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1420556&cid=s_36954_144_f&fid=36954&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17570055%26dopt%3DAbstract This study of was conducted to explore the contribution of attentional skills to early language, and the influence of early language markers on the development of attention, simultaneously examining the impact of parent-child interaction factors (reciprocity/synchrony and sensitivity/responsivity), including their potential moderator effects. All children were between 6 months and 12 months of age, and about equally distributed between genders (33 males, 32 females), with caregivers' ages ranging from 28 years to 45 years (N = 65). Maternal perceptions of infant attentional skills (duration of orienting, or persistence of attention, and perceptual sensitivity-the infant's ability to selectively attend to subtle stimuli) and an early marker of language (vocal reactivity: use of vocalization... Child Psychiatry and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1420556 Sat, 01 Mar 2008 05:00:00 +0100 1420556 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1420553&cid=s_36954_144_f&fid=36954&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17619141%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSIONS: Insecure attachment styles in parents appeared associated with maladaptive emotional-behavioral strategies in their children and may be interpreted as a risk factor for the development of the latter. More specifically, internalizing behavior in children appeared associated with dimensions pointing to dismissing attachment in fathers and to preoccupied attachment in mothers, while externalizing behavior appeared associated with dimensions indicating preoccupied attachment in both parents. Possible interpretations of these data within the LD population are put forward. PMID: 17619141 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Child Psychiatry and Human Development) Child Psychiatry and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1420553 Sat, 01 Mar 2008 05:00:00 +0100 1420553 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1420552&cid=s_36954_144_f&fid=36954&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17619142%26dopt%3DAbstract This study examined parent and child gender effects on parents' attributions and beliefs in regards to child symptoms of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Participants included mothers and fathers of 19 girls and 17 boys with ADHD. Groups of boys and girls, aged 5-13 years, were equated on age and medication status, as well as ADHD symptom severity. These groups also were similar in the severity of comorbid oppositional behaviors and internalizing problems, as well as a variety of demographic characteristics. Parents' attributions for child behavior were assessed in response to written scenarios describing either hyperactive/impulsive or inattentive symptoms of ADHD. Parents also completed a questionnaire assessing beliefs and knowledge about ADHD. There were no child gender... Child Psychiatry and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1420552 Sat, 01 Mar 2008 05:00:00 +0100 1420552 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1420551&cid=s_36954_144_f&fid=36954&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17619143%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Ruchkin V, Gilliam WS, Mayes L In planning interventions it is essential to understand how adverse risk factors in early childhood are associated with child mental health problems, whether some types of problems can be better explained by the specific risk factors, and whether early risk factors are differently related to different types of child behavior problems. A community sample of 692 1.5-3.5-year-old children from Northern Russia was assessed by means of maternal reports. The study compared two models for the development of internalizing (withdrawn, anxious/depressed) and externalizing (aggressive, destructive) behavior problems in relation to the same early risk factors using structural equation modeling. Findings suggested that the development of these problems is rel... Child Psychiatry and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1420551 Sat, 01 Mar 2008 05:00:00 +0100 1420551 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1420550&cid=s_36954_144_f&fid=36954&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17620006%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSION: Empathy as a dispositional characteristic in the genesis and perpetuation of GID in boys is discussed. PMID: 17620006 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Child Psychiatry and Human Development) Child Psychiatry and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1420550 Sat, 01 Mar 2008 05:00:00 +0100 1420550 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1420527&cid=s_36954_144_f&fid=36954&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18266104%26dopt%3DAbstract The objectives of the study were to investigate differences and agreement between parents on the various SDQ domains of child behaviour. Parents of 4-6 years olds were recruited via 13 UK general practices, and completed the SDQ and measures on depression, parenting, couple relationship, alcohol use and demographics. Parental SDQ ratings were compared. The SDQ was completed by 248 parent dyads. Mother and father ratings were correlated, however fathers reported higher mean scores than mothers for externalising behaviours. Higher reporting by fathers was related to alcohol misuse, the couple relationship, fathering, and father employment. Fathers did not report significantly more abnormal behaviours than mothers except for hyperactivity. There was high interparental agreement on normal/bord... Child Psychiatry and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1420527 Tue, 12 Feb 2008 05:00:00 +0100 1420527 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1420528&cid=s_36954_144_f&fid=36954&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18228132%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Flouri E Despite calls for research on how the socio-economic environment may be related to temperament, we still do not know enough about the relationship between temperament and socio-economic disadvantage (SED). A particularly under-researched question in temperament research is how SED may moderate the temperament-parenting and the temperament-child psychopathology links. The article argues that, to develop theory, future temperament studies should seek to explore how the timing, specificity or accumulation, level and duration, and change of SED may be related not only to temperament but also to links between temperament and parenting and between temperament and child psychopathology. PMID: 18228132 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Child Psychiatry and Huma... Child Psychiatry and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1420528 Tue, 29 Jan 2008 05:00:00 +0100 1420528 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1420529&cid=s_36954_144_f&fid=36954&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18219572%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Dew RE, Daniel SS, Armstrong TD, Goldston DB, Triplett MF, Koenig HG The aim of the current article is to review the literature on religion and spirituality as it pertains to adolescent psychiatric symptoms. One hundred and fifteen articles were reviewed that examined relationships between religion/spirituality and adolescent substance use, delinquency, depression, suicidality, and anxiety. Ninety-two percent of articles reviewed found at least one significant (p < .05) relationship between religiousness and better mental health. Evidence for relationships between greater religiousness and less psychopathology was strongest in the area of teenage substance use. Methods of measuring religion/spirituality were highly heterogeneous. Further research on the relationship of reli... Child Psychiatry and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1420529 Fri, 25 Jan 2008 05:00:00 +0100 1420529 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1420530&cid=s_36954_144_f&fid=36954&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18196454%26dopt%3DAbstract This study investigated the prospective relationships of emotional and parent-based reasoning with anxiety symptoms in a sample of non-clinical children aged 8-14 years (n = 122). Children completed the anxiety subscales of the Revised Children's Anxiety and Depression Scale (Muris et al. Clin Psychol Psychother 9:430-442, 2002) and provided danger ratings of scenarios that systematically combined objective danger and objective safety information with anxiety-response and positive-response information. These measurements were repeated 10 months later (range 8-11 months). Emotional and parent-based reasoning effects emerged on both occasions. In addition, both effects were modestly stable, but only in case of objective safety. Evidence was found that initial anxiety levels were positively r... Child Psychiatry and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1420530 Tue, 15 Jan 2008 05:00:00 +0100 1420530 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1420531&cid=s_36954_144_f&fid=36954&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18183484%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Tolin DF, Diefenbach GJ, Flessner CA, Franklin ME, Keuthen NJ, Moore P, Piacentini J, Stein DJ, Woods DW, Trichotillomania (TTM) is a chronic impulse control disorder characterized by repetitive hair-pulling resulting in alopecia. Although this condition is frequently observed in children and adolescents, research on pediatric TTM has been hampered by the absence of validated measures. The aim of the present study was to develop and test a new self-report measure of pediatric TTM, the Trichotillomania Scale for Children (TSC), a measure that can be completed by children and/or their parents. One hundred thirteen children meeting self-report criteria for TTM, and 132 parents, provided data over the internet. An additional 41 child-parent dyads from an outpatient clinic also pr... Child Psychiatry and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1420531 Tue, 08 Jan 2008 05:00:00 +0100 1420531 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1420532&cid=s_36954_144_f&fid=36954&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18165896%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Oner P, Oner O Our aim was to investigate the relation between behavioral symptoms and hematological variables which are related with iron deficiency and anemia, ferritin, hemoglobin, mean corpuscular volume (MCV), and reticulosite distribution width (RDW) in children and adolescents with pure Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) or ADHD comorbid with other psychiatric disorders. The sample consisted of 151 subjects with ADHD, 45 of these subjects had other comorbid conditions. Conners Parent (CPRS) and Teacher Rating Scales (CTRS) were obtained. Comorbid ADHD subjects had lower mean hemoglogin and MCV. In the ADHD group in general, CPRS and CTRS Total scores were significantly negatively correlated with ferritin level. When only pure ADHD subjects were taken into a... Child Psychiatry and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1420532 Sat, 29 Dec 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1420532 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1420533&cid=s_36954_144_f&fid=36954&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18157741%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Montiel C, Peña JA, Montiel-Barbero I, Polanczyk G A total of 1,535 4-12 year-old children were screened with the Conners' rating scales, followed by diagnostic confirmation by the diagnostic interview schedule for children-IV-parent version. The prevalence of ADHD was estimated to be 10.03%, and only 3.9% of children had received medication for the treatment of ADHD symptoms. Prevalence rates and demographic profile of Venezuelan children with ADHD are very similar to those found in samples from other countries. Authorities need to develop public health policies to correctly identify and treat affected subjects. Furthermore, clinicians must actively search for children with ADHD in order to provide the best-available treatment. PMID: 18157741 [PubMed - as supplied by... Child Psychiatry and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1420533 Sat, 22 Dec 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1420533 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1420534&cid=s_36954_144_f&fid=36954&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18058222%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusion Further studies investigating biological and psychosocial predictors of treatment effectiveness are necessary. In addition, it might be helpful to consider different subtypes of aggressive behavior for selecting the best possible treatment options. PMID: 18058222 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Child Psychiatry and Human Development) Child Psychiatry and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1420534 Thu, 06 Dec 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1420534 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1420535&cid=s_36954_144_f&fid=36954&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18058019%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Manor I, Meidad S, Zalsman G, Zemishlany Z, Tyano S, Weizman A Subjective improvement-assessment in attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), following a single dose of methylphenidate (MPH) was compared to performance on the Test-of-Variables-of-Attention (TOVA). Self-perception was assessed with the clinical-global-impression-of-change (CGI-C). Participants included 165 ADHD subjects (M:F ratio 67%:33%) aged 5-18 (11.09 +/- 3.43) years. TOVA was administered before and after MPH challenge (0.3 mg/kg). Self-perception CGI-C scores were compared to the TOVA scores. An inverse correlation was found only between CGI-C and the TOVA-Commission-scores (r = -0.326, p < 0.001). We thus conclude that subjective reports are too unreliable to be used in order to assess MPH ben... Child Psychiatry and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1420535 Wed, 05 Dec 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1420535 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1420565&cid=s_36954_144_f&fid=36954&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17520361%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Gatzke-Kopp LM, Beauchaine TP The association between maternal smoking during pregnancy and childhood antisocial outcomes has been demonstrated repeatedly across a variety of outcomes. Yet debate continues as to whether this association reflects a direct programming effect of nicotine on fetal brain development, or a phenotypic indicator of heritable liability passed from mother to child. In the current study, we examine relations between maternal smoking and child behavior among 133 women and their 7-15-year-olds, who were recruited for clinical levels of psychopathology. In order to disentangle correlates of maternal smoking, women who smoked during pregnancy were compared with (a) those who did not smoke, and (b) those who did not smoke but experienced significant second-ha... Child Psychiatry and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1420565 Sat, 01 Dec 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1420565 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1420564&cid=s_36954_144_f&fid=36954&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17564827%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Schneider BH, Tessier NG The aim of the present study was to explore the social cognitions of socially withdrawn anxious early-adolescents regarding the concept of friendship. From a pool of children referred to an after-school social skills and social contact program, 38 withdrawn/anxious participants were identified and matched with community controls. Interviews regarding their expectations of a best friend revealed that withdrawn/anxious participants tended to focus on their own needs in their concepts of friendship and frequently referred to friendship as a source of help. They also tended to ascribe their best friendship to the circumstantial interactions of classmates or neighbors. Control participants more frequently mentioned the intimacy of a close friendship, which ... Child Psychiatry and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1420564 Sat, 01 Dec 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1420564 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1420561&cid=s_36954_144_f&fid=36954&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17564830%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Cho SM, Kim HC, Cho H, Shin YM As children with emotional or behavioral problems often fail to receive the treatment available to them, this study examined (1) the degree of perceived need (PN) among Korean parents regarding mental health services for their children, (2) the factors associated with such perceptions, (3) the degree to which Korean parents actually engage mental health services for their children, and (4) the factors associated with such use. To determine the degrees of PN and actual use, 1,058 children aged between 9 and 12 years were asked to complete the Children's Depression Inventory, while their parents completed the Child Behavior Checklist. About 11.4% of the parents demonstrated PN, compared to 2.7% who actually engaged child mental health services. Whi... Child Psychiatry and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1420561 Sat, 01 Dec 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1420561 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1420560&cid=s_36954_144_f&fid=36954&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17564831%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Badaruddin DH, Andrews GL, Bölte S, Schilmoeller KJ, Schilmoeller G, Paul LK, Brown WS Archival data from a survey of parent observations was used to determine the prevalence of social and behavioral problems in children with agenesis of the corpus callosum (ACC). Parent observations were surveyed using the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) for 61 children with ACC who were selected from the archive based on criteria of motor development suggesting a relatively high general level of functioning. Younger children with ACC (ages 2-5) were rated as primarily having problems with sleep. Older children with ACC (ages 6-11) manifested problems in attention, social function, thought, and somatic complaints. The older children with ACC were also compared to CBCL data from 52 childr... Child Psychiatry and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1420560 Sat, 01 Dec 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1420560 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1420557&cid=s_36954_144_f&fid=36954&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17564834%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Arslan M, Akçan R, Hilal A, Batuk H, Cekin N The purpose of this study was to investigate the general properties of suicide among children and adolescents in our region, and to evaluate the results in the light of the literature. The autopsy records of the morgue of the Adana branch of the Turkish Forensic Medicine Council were investigated retrospectively. Focus of the study was shaped by suicide cases in children and adolescents (under 18) between the years of 1997-2005. All of the cases were analyzed with regard to age, sex, method of suicide, and year. The childhood and adolescent (0-18 years) deaths comprised 24.4% (n: 1390) of all medico-legal autopsy cases (n: 6808). The origin of death in 186 (13.4%) cases involving victims younger than 18 years of age was suicide... Child Psychiatry and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1420557 Sat, 01 Dec 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1420557 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1420555&cid=s_36954_144_f&fid=36954&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17570056%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Sloman GM, Gallant J, Storch EA School psychologists have expertise in the realm of school-based assessment and intervention for behavioral, educational, and psychological difficulties. Recent evidence indicates that many school psychologists lack evidenced based knowledge about assessment and treatment of pediatric Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD). Pediatric OCD is a relatively common disorder that contributes to substantial impairment in educational and psychosocial domains. Evidence based treatment of pediatric OCD, particularly cognitive-behavioral therapy, has shown to be efficacious. Therefore, the aims of this paper are to provide a review of empirically established treatments for pediatric OCD, and present a school-based problem-solving model that school psychologis... Child Psychiatry and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1420555 Sat, 01 Dec 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1420555 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1420549&cid=s_36954_144_f&fid=36954&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17620007%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSION: These findings taken together suggest that the young child can validly self-report on some key aspects of depression and anxiety and that self-report of young children should be sought in these domains. Findings also suggested that these self-reports are limited to the core and basic symptoms of these disorders and that direct age appropriate approaches may not be useful beyond that domain. PMID: 17620007 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Child Psychiatry and Human Development) Child Psychiatry and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1420549 Sat, 01 Dec 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1420549 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1420536&cid=s_36954_144_f&fid=36954&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18041580%26dopt%3DAbstract Discussion focused on the unique value of maternal characteristics for understanding social and emotional adjustment among school-age children. PMID: 18041580 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Child Psychiatry and Human Development) Child Psychiatry and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1420536 Wed, 28 Nov 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1420536 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1420537&cid=s_36954_144_f&fid=36954&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17987378%26dopt%3DAbstract This study investigated current comorbid Axis I diagnoses associated with Anorexia Nervosa (AN) in adolescents. The sample included 101 female adolescents treated at a psychiatric unit for primary DSM-IV diagnoses of AN. 73.3% of the AN patients were diagnosed as having a current comorbidity of at least one comorbid Axis I diagnosis, with no differences across AN subtypes. Mood disorders (60.4%) were most commonly identified, followed by the category anxiety disorders without obsessive-compulsive disorders (OCD) (25.7%), OCD (16.8%) and substance use disorders (7.9%). Two specific diagnoses differed across the two subtypes of AN. Substance use disorder was 18 times, and the category anxiety disorder without OCD was three times as likely to co-occur with AN binge-eating disorder and purging... Child Psychiatry and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1420537 Wed, 07 Nov 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1420537 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1420539&cid=s_36954_144_f&fid=36954&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17952587%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Erickson SJ, Gerstle M, Montague EQ Low levels of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS), and psychosocial distress have been reported in pediatric cancer survivors. One explanation is the relatively high prevalence of the repressive adaptive style (low distress, high restraint) in this population. We investigated the relationship between this adaptive style and PTSD, PTSS, and psychosocial functioning in 29 adolescent cancer survivors (12 through 18 years). Adolescents categorized as repressors (n = 14) reported moderate/large effect size differences in PTSD, PTSS, and psychosocial distress (lower) as well as QOL (better) compared to non-repressors. Furthermore, repressors reported less PTSD and QOL variability. Thus, the repressive adaptiv... Child Psychiatry and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1420539 Sat, 20 Oct 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1420539 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1420538&cid=s_36954_144_f&fid=36954&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17952588%26dopt%3DAbstract This study examined the rate of suicide attempts and relevant variables and identified risk factors for suicide attempts among Korean adolescents. A cross-sectional study was performed using an anonymous, self-report questionnaire. A total of 2,100 Korean adolescents, including 1,321 student adolescents and 779 delinquent adolescents, were selected using a proportional stratified random sampling method for this study. The results showed the rate of suicide attempts to be 11.6%, with delinquent adolescents reporting a higher rate of suicide attempts than student adolescents. Adolescent suicide attempts indicated higher levels of dysfunctional family dynamics and maladaptive personalities. In addition, adolescents who attempted suicide expressed a significantly lower level of life satisfacti... Child Psychiatry and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1420538 Sat, 20 Oct 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1420538 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1420540&cid=s_36954_144_f&fid=36954&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17929164%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Akhondzadeh S, Tajdar H, Mohammadi MR, Mohammadi M, Nouroozinejad GH, Shabstari OL, Ghelichnia HA It has been reported that autism is a hypoglutamatergic disorder. Therefore, it was of interest to assess the efficacy of piracetam, a positive modulator of AMPA-sensitive glutamate receptors in autistic disorder. About 40 children between the ages three and 11 years (inclusive) with a DSM IV clinical diagnosis of autism and who were outpatients from a specialty clinic for children were recruited. The children presented with a chief complaint of severely disruptive symptoms related to autistic disorder. Patients were randomly allocated to piracetam + risperidone (Group A) or placebo + risperidone (Group B) for a 10-week, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. The dose of risperid... Child Psychiatry and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1420540 Thu, 11 Oct 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1420540 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1420572&cid=s_36954_144_f&fid=36954&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17404830%26dopt%3DAbstract The objective of this paper is to develop a brief screening instrument of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) for young victims of natural disasters. Data were derived from flood victims in 1998 and 1999 in Hunan, China. A representative population sample of 6,852 subjects 7-15 years of age was selected. Among them, 6,073 (88.6%) were interviewed. Multistage sampling was used to select the subjects and PTSD was ascertained with Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders: 4th Edition (DSM-IV). We randomly assigned 80% (4,851) of the study subjects to construct the screening instrument (construct model) and the remaining 20% (1,222) subjects to examine the model (validation model). Logistic regression analysis and receiver operating characteristics curves were utilized to select ... Child Psychiatry and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1420572 Mon, 01 Oct 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1420572 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1420571&cid=s_36954_144_f&fid=36954&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17406972%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Muris P, Meesters C, van den Hout A, Wessels S, Franken I, Rassin E Pain catastrophizing is generally viewed as an important cognitive factor underlying chronic pain. The present study examined personality and temperament correlates of pain catastrophizing in a sample of young adolescents (N = 132). Participants completed the Pain Catastrophizing Scale for Children, as well as scales for measuring sensitivity of the behavioral inhibition and behavioral activation systems (BIS-BAS), and various reactive and regulative temperament traits. Results demonstrated that BIS, reactive temperament traits (fear and anger-frustration), and perceptual sensitivity were positively related to pain catastrophizing, whereas regulative traits (attention control, inhibitory control) were negative... Child Psychiatry and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1420571 Mon, 01 Oct 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1420571 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1420567&cid=s_36954_144_f&fid=36954&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17468840%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSIONS: The boys with LI demonstrated difficulties confronting conflict management, as well as concluding emotionally heightened and aggressive behavioral turns. PMID: 17468840 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Child Psychiatry and Human Development) Child Psychiatry and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1420567 Mon, 01 Oct 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1420567 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1420566&cid=s_36954_144_f&fid=36954&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17476586%26dopt%3DAbstract This article describes preschool social understanding and difficult behaviors (hot temper, disobedience, bossiness and bullying) as predictors of oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) and aggressive conduct disorder (ACD) in a Dutch population sample of (pre)adolescents (N = 1943), measured at age 10-12 and at age 13-15. ODD and ACD were assessed by the Child Behavior Checklist and the Youth Self-Report, preschool behavior was evaluated by the parental questionnaire [Symbol: see text]How was your child as a preschooler? (age 4-5)'. Adjusted for each other, all difficult preschool behaviors except bullying were associated with adolescent ODD, while only bullying significantly predicted adolescent ACD. Furthermore, the results suggest a qualitative difference between ODD and ACD in terms of th... Child Psychiatry and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1420566 Mon, 01 Oct 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1420566 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1420558&cid=s_36954_144_f&fid=36954&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17564833%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Kennair N, Mellor D A recent focus of research and clinical practice has been on the issue of abuse of parents by their children (parent abuse). This paper reviews the literature on this phenomenon. While parent abuse falls under the umbrella of family violence, it appears to be qualitatively different from other forms of intra-family abuse. Research has primarily focused on prevalence rates and the characteristics of perpetrators and victims. While various factors such as gender, age, emotional attachment to parents, race/ethnicity, socioeconomic status, family stress and parenting style and structure have been associated with parent abuse, findings are equivocal. Etiological models are general and untested, and treatment approaches lack empirical support. It is concluded tha... Child Psychiatry and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1420558 Mon, 01 Oct 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1420558 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1420554&cid=s_36954_144_f&fid=36954&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17570057%26dopt%3DAbstract We examined the efficacy of divalproex sodium (DVP) for the treatment of PTSD in conduct disorder, utilizing a previous study in which 71 youth were enrolled in a randomized controlled clinical trial. Twelve had PTSD. Subjects (all males, mean age 16, SD 1.0) were randomized into high and low dose conditions. Clinical Global Impression (CGI) ratings for core PTSD symptoms (Intrusion, avoidance and hyper arousal) were primary outcome measures, weekly slopes of impulsivity secondary ones. Intent-to-treat analyses showed significant positive associations between receiving high dose of DVP CGI's. Parallel analyses comparing outcome by drug level achieved strengthened the results. PMID: 17570057 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Child Psychiatry and Human Development) Child Psychiatry and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1420554 Mon, 01 Oct 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1420554 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1420581&cid=s_36954_144_f&fid=36954&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17136450%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Storch EA, Merlo LJ, Lehmkuhl H, Grabill KM, Geffken GR, Goodman WK, Murphy TK The Tourette's Disorder Scales (Shytle et al., 2003) are parent- (Tourette's Disorder Scales-Parent Rated; TODS-PR) and clinician-rated (Tourette's Disorder Scales-Clinician Rated; TODS-CR) measures that assess tics, obsessions, compulsions, inattention, hyperactivity, aggression, and emotional disturbances among children with tics. Although the TODS-PR/CR are being increasingly used in clinical trials, relatively little psychometric data have been reported. Subjects were 44 children and adolescents recruited in a university tic specialty clinic. Families were administered the TODS-CR and Yale Global Tic Severity Scale. Completion of the TODS-PR and Child Behavior Checklist were counterbalanced. Res... Child Psychiatry and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1420581 Wed, 01 Aug 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1420581 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1420577&cid=s_36954_144_f&fid=36954&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17205398%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Bacardi-Gascón M, Leon-Reyes MJ, Jiménez-Cruz A The present study was designed to determine the weight-based stigmatization of Mexican overweight (OW) and non-OW children by their mothers and peers, who rated both boys and girls with varying physical characteristics. Four hundred and thirty-two fifth and sixth graders and 342 mothers participated in the study. Children were administered a questionnaire displaying six drawings. Participants' responses were numbered in order of preference from 1 to 6 (most to least well liked). Participants were divided into categories based on socioeconomic status, ethnicity, and current body mass index. The majority of children chose the child in a wheelchair as the preferred friend. Boys and girls, Indian and non-Indian, with and wi... Child Psychiatry and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1420577 Wed, 01 Aug 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1420577 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1420576&cid=s_36954_144_f&fid=36954&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17333346%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Mah JW, Johnston C The attributions made by Chinese immigrant (n = 28) and Euro-Canadian (n = 27) mothers of 5- to 9-year-old boys regarding the causes of child prosocial and problem behaviors exhibited by children with and without attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) were investigated. Mothers' attributions were elicited using audio-taped scenarios of child behavior. In one-half of the scenarios, the child was described as having ADHD. All mothers attributed less responsibility to the child or to the parent for problem behaviors when the child was described as having ADHD than when the child was described as not having a behavior disorder. Mothers also attributed prosocial child behaviors and the behavior of children without ADHD more to parental factors. In compar... Child Psychiatry and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1420576 Wed, 01 Aug 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1420576 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1420575&cid=s_36954_144_f&fid=36954&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17340170%26dopt%3DAbstract This study used a choice reaction-time paradigm to test the perceived impairment of facial affect recognition in Asperger's disorder. Twenty teenagers with Asperger's disorder and 20 controls were compared with respect to the latency and accuracy of response to happy or disgusted facial expressions, presented in cartoon or real images and in static or moving conditions. Group analysis revealed that the Asperger group did not differ significantly from the control group in speed and accuracy for both affects and in all presentation modalities. Individual analysis, however, revealed that the proportion of participants exhibiting a happy face advantage was smaller in the Asperger group than in the control group. The results did not support the notion of impairment in facial affect recognition ... Child Psychiatry and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1420575 Wed, 01 Aug 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1420575 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1420574&cid=s_36954_144_f&fid=36954&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17356922%26dopt%3DAbstract This study examines the simultaneous relationships between long term functioning (personality, defenses) and observed stress reactivity (affect) in adolescents. METHODS: High school students (N = 169; mean age 16; 73 girls) were asked to participate in two conditions of the Stress Induced Speech Task (SIST): Free Association and Stressful Situation. Immature and mature defenses, distress and restraint personality dimensions, and negative and positive affect were examined. RESULTS: Greater reported use of immature defenses was significantly associated with negative affect, whereas greater reported use of mature defenses was significantly associated with greater positive affect. Although personality style was also a significant predictor of negative affect across two out of three conditions,... Child Psychiatry and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1420574 Wed, 01 Aug 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1420574 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1420568&cid=s_36954_144_f&fid=36954&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17417724%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSION: Adolescent delinquents appear to have a different experience of negative emotions than comparison adolescents. The experience of emotions appears to differ in state and trait conditions. These emotions may be related to childhood experiences of trauma. PMID: 17417724 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Child Psychiatry and Human Development) Child Psychiatry and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1420568 Wed, 01 Aug 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1420568 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1420586&cid=s_36954_144_f&fid=36954&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17109220%26dopt%3DAbstract This study examined the factor structure, reliability, and validity of the Suicide Probability Scale (SPS) in a sample of 226 (80 male, 146 female) adolescent psychiatric inpatients. Confirmatory factor analyses provided only some support for the original subscales. Exploratory factor analyses revealed some overlap with the original scales, but the factors differed by gender. Internal consistency of the original factors was somewhat better than the factors derived from this sample. A negative change in SPS scores over the course of the inpatient admission was related to risk for readmission due to repeat suicidal behavior. PMID: 17109220 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Child Psychiatry and Human Development) Child Psychiatry and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1420586 Fri, 01 Jun 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1420586 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1420585&cid=s_36954_144_f&fid=36954&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17109221%26dopt%3DAbstract The objective of the current study was to develop a Chinese translation of the Multidimensional Anxiety Scale for Children (MASC) [March (1997) Multidimensional anxiety scale for children: Technical manual, Multi health systems, Toronto, ON], and to evaluate its reliability and validity. The original version of the MASC was translated into Chinese (MASC-C) and administered to 1,538 Chinese adolescents between the ages of 14 and 19. In comparison to the American normative sample [March (1997) Multidimensional anxiety scale for children: Technical manual, Multi health systems, Toronto, ON], Chinese adolescents reported significantly higher scores on the subscales of social anxiety and separation anxiety. Girls reported higher levels of anxiety on all subscales than males. Participants betwee... Child Psychiatry and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1420585 Fri, 01 Jun 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1420585 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1420583&cid=s_36954_144_f&fid=36954&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17131177%26dopt%3DAbstract This study also examined the cross-cultural validity of the AESI using multigroup confirmatory factor analysis to investigate the invariance of the factor structure of the AESI across both samples. Results from multigroup confirmatory factor analysis suggested that while partial invariance was observed across the samples, the consistency of fit indices indicating either no change or a minimal loss of fit between the unconstrained basic model and the partially constrained models, provided support that partial invariance was acceptable. Analyses of covariance results indicated that perceived overall academic stress and academic stress arising from self-expectations were significantly higher among Singapore Chinese adolescents compared with US Hispanic adolescents. PMID: 17131177 [PubMed ... Child Psychiatry and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1420583 Fri, 01 Jun 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1420583 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1420582&cid=s_36954_144_f&fid=36954&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17131178%26dopt%3DAbstract This study examines the relationship between self-efficacy and self-reported anxiety in children who have been referred for an assessment and possible treatment of anxiety symptoms as well as a comparison group of non-referred children. A self-efficacy questionnaire for children and a childhood anxiety measure were administered to a group of children referred for assessment and treatment of a clinical anxiety disorder (n = 50) and a non-referred control group (n = 50). Results indicate that the two samples differed significantly on measures of emotional self-efficacy, but not in terms of self-reported anxiety or other self-efficacy domains. Potential explanations for observed findings are discussed, including the possibility that self-reports of emotional self-efficacy in children may vary... Child Psychiatry and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1420582 Fri, 01 Jun 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1420582 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1420579&cid=s_36954_144_f&fid=36954&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17160586%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Giles LL, DelBello MP, Stanford KE, Strakowski SM In order to recognize behavioral patterns in children and adolescents at risk for developing bipolar disorder, this study examined Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) profiles of bipolar offspring both with (BD group) and without ("at-risk" or AR group) bipolar disorder themselves. The BD youth had three CBCL subscale T scores > or = 70 (attention problems, delinquent behavior, and aggression) and scored significantly higher than healthy comparison youth on all CBCL subscales. AR youth did not have any T scores > or = 70; however, they scored higher than healthy comparisons in the anxiety/depression, attention problems, aggression, and withdrawal subscales. AR and BD youth differed significantly on all scales except somatic c... Child Psychiatry and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1420579 Fri, 01 Jun 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1420579 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1420578&cid=s_36954_144_f&fid=36954&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17186364%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Doerfler LA, Connor DF, Volungis AM, Toscano PF The present study examined the frequency and characteristics of panic disorder in children and adolescents who had been referred to a pediatric psychopharmacology clinic. Of the 280 children and adolescents evaluated in this clinic, 35 were diagnosed with panic disorder using a semi-structured clinical interview (K-SADS) and other objective measures. Approximately half of the youngsters with panic disorder also met criteria for the diagnosis of agoraphobia. There was extensive comorbidity between panic disorder and other internalizing and externalizing disorders. Parents reported clinically significant levels of child symptomatology on the CBCL. Teacher-and child-reported symptomatology on the CBCL was within the normal range. At... Child Psychiatry and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1420578 Fri, 01 Jun 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1420578 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1420589&cid=s_36954_144_f&fid=36954&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17103303%26dopt%3DAbstract This study examined the association between social problem solving, conduct problems (CP), and callous-unemotional (CU) traits in elementary age children. Participants were 53 children (40 boys and 13 girls) aged 7-12 years. Social problem solving was evaluated using the Social Problem Solving Test-Revised, which requires children to produce solutions to eight hypothetical social problems, including five problems involving acquiring a desired object and three problems gaining access to a peer. Regression analyses showed that greater frequency of CP symptoms was associated with producing less flexible, relevant, and prosocial solutions and more overtly aggressive solutions. However, this pattern was present only when CU traits were low. Results add to a growing body of literature demonstrat... Child Psychiatry and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1420589 Sun, 01 Apr 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1420589 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1420584&cid=s_36954_144_f&fid=36954&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17109222%26dopt%3DAbstract This study examined the factor structure and reliability of a brief but comprehensive measure, the adolescent risk inventory (ARI), designed to assess adolescent risk behaviors and attitudes. Measures assessing demographics and risk behaviors were administered to 134 youth (ages 12-19) in psychiatric treatment. A confirmatory factor analysis of the four attitude scales (HIV Anxiety, HIV Prevention Self-Efficacy, General Distress, and General Risk) revealed excellent goodness of fit statistics. Exploratory factor analysis of the behavior items revealed three behavior factors (Sex Risk, Abuse/Self-Harm, and Acting Out). The preliminary analysis suggested that all subscales had reasonable internal consistency reliability and appeared to be independent measures, rather than part of a single un... Child Psychiatry and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1420584 Sun, 01 Apr 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1420584 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1420580&cid=s_36954_144_f&fid=36954&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17136451%26dopt%3DAbstract This study sought to determine the emotional effects of a major community toxic release on children in the exposed community while controlling for the potential effects of response bias. Controlling for the response bias inherent in litigated contexts is an advance over previous studies of toxic exposure in children. A randomly selected representative sample of Exposed children (n = 31) was compared to a matched Control group (n = 28) from a nearby, unexposed community. Symptoms and complaints were assessed via interview with the children and their guardians, surveys and checklists, and well-established psychological instruments. Even when biased responding was controlled the Exposed children experienced more psychological distress, more physical symptoms, and greater general concern over ... Child Psychiatry and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1420580 Sun, 01 Apr 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1420580 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1420573&cid=s_36954_144_f&fid=36954&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17401644%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Shechory M, Sommerfeld E In a prospective study, the attachment style, home-leaving age, length of time in residential care, and behavioral problems among Israeli residential care children (N = 68), were studied. Data analyses showed that children removed from their homes at a later age suffered from higher levels of anxiety, depression and social problems compared to children taken from their homes at the age of 7 or less. It was also found that a prolonged stay (over 2 years) in residential care was related to higher levels of anxiety and depression. An interaction effect of a child's attachment style and home-leaving age was found in the child's level of aggressive behavior. PMID: 17401644 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Child Psychiatry and Human Development) Child Psychiatry and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1420573 Sun, 01 Apr 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1420573 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1420570&cid=s_36954_144_f&fid=36954&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17406973%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Frankel F, Myatt R, Feinberg D Twenty-five 6 to 13-year-old children with autism spectrum disorders, who were high functioning, were given 12 weeks of parent-assisted children's friendship training. Thirteen were prescribed various psychotropic medications by physicians in the community prior to treatment (medicated) while 12 were not (unmedicated). Two parent-rated and three teacher-rated social measures served as outcome variables. Results revealed that unmedicated subjects had greater positive change on three of these five measures when compared to children in the medicated group. It was hypothesized that being prescribed psychotropic medication was a marker for refractory psychosocial treatment response by children with autism spectrum disorders. PMID: 17406973 [PubMed... Child Psychiatry and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1420570 Sun, 01 Apr 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1420570 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1420569&cid=s_36954_144_f&fid=36954&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17410426%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study we compared 33 IQ and age matched pairs of individuals with Aspergers Disorder (ASP) and high functioning autism (HFA) on measures of repetitive behavior. On the Repetitive Behavior Scale-Revised (RBS-R), the ASP and HFA groups showed no differences in RBS-R Intensity score (severity) score or Frequency score (number of problems present). This suggests that the two groups are similar with respect to the intensity or severity of repetitive behaviors and the presence of repetitive behaviors. At the item level there were no differences on scales typically associated with autism (Stereotyped Behavior) and ASP (Restricted Interests). Similarly, there were no differences between the groups on the Aberrant Behavior Checklist Stereotypy scale. These findings add to the body of litera... Child Psychiatry and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1420569 Sun, 01 Apr 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1420569 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1420594&cid=s_36954_144_f&fid=36954&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17001525%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Kim G, Walden T, Harris V, Karrass J, Catron T The present study examined the role of emotion and emotion control in children's externalizing problems. Third- to sixth-grade children were administered a self-report measure of positive emotion, negative emotion, and emotion control. Peer- and teacher-reported adjustment problems were assessed. Structural equations modeling revealed that negative emotion, especially anger, was important in externalizing problems. Less positive emotion was associated with more externalizing problems. However, when negative emotion was examined in a more differentiated manner (anger, sadness and fear), the effect of positive emotion was diminished. Anger consistently emerged as a significant predictor of behavior problems. No interaction between e... Child Psychiatry and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1420594 Thu, 01 Feb 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1420594 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1420593&cid=s_36954_144_f&fid=36954&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17001526%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Beato-Fernández L, Rodríguez-Cano T, Pelayo-Delgado E, Calaf M The aim of the present longitudinal community study was to test whether psychological distress at 13 years of age predicted reported substance use problems in boys and abnormal eating behavior in girls 2 years later. The sample consisted of 500 male and 576 female students. The use of substances was evaluated using a semi-structured interview, psychological distress with the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ) and eating psychopathology with the Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-40), and the Bulimic Investigatory Test Edinburgh (BITE). Controlling the effect of initial substance use problems, psychological distress predicted later reported substance use problems in males. Girls with an initial score above the cut... Child Psychiatry and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1420593 Thu, 01 Feb 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1420593 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1420591&cid=s_36954_144_f&fid=36954&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17103301%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Smokowski PR, Bacallao ML This investigation examined acculturation risk factors and cultural assets, internalizing behavioral problems, and self-esteem in 323 Latino adolescents living in North Carolina. Multiple regression analyses revealed two risk factors-perceived discrimination and parent-adolescent conflict-as highly significant predictors of adolescent internalizing problems and low self-esteem. Adolescents who were highly involved in Latino culture and who experienced high parent-adolescent conflict were found particularly at risk for internalizing problems. Biculturalism and familism were cultural assets found associated with fewer internalizing problems and higher self-esteem. For internalizing problems, familism's protective effect was mediated by parent-adolescent... Child Psychiatry and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1420591 Thu, 01 Feb 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1420591 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1420590&cid=s_36954_144_f&fid=36954&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17103302%26dopt%3DAbstract This study investigated the psychometric properties of the Humor Styles Questionnaire (HSQ) in measuring adolescent humor, including the relationship between humor and coping style, defense style, depressive symptoms, and adjustment in a non-clinical sample of adolescents. METHOD: Humor, coping, defense strategies, depressive symptoms, and adjustment were investigated in 94 adolescents aged 12-15. RESULTS: The HSQ demonstrated adequate internal consistency. Inter-scale correlational patterns and scale means were similar for adolescents and adults. Convergent validity for the HSQ was supported by its relationship to: an adolescent-standardized humor defense scale; coping and defense strategies; and depressive symptoms and adjustment. Clinical utility of the HSQ was demonstrated by its uniqu... Child Psychiatry and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1420590 Thu, 01 Feb 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1420590 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1420588&cid=s_36954_144_f&fid=36954&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17103304%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Quintana H, Butterbaugh GJ, Purnell W, Layman AK Children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are at increased risk for developing comorbid non-bipolar mood disorders. Fluoxetine monotherapy is an established treatment for pediatric mood disorders; however its efficacy in ADHD and comorbid mood disorder is unknown. Therefore, we evaluated 30 children who met DSM-IV criteria for ADHD and comorbid non-bipolar mood disorders in a prospective, 6-12-week open-label, study of fluoxetine monotherapy. Fluoxetine was associated with significant decreases in the severity of depressive symptoms, and also, associated with significant decreases on subscales of inattention/overactivity and aggression/defiant symptoms-47% of participants were much or very much improved witho... Child Psychiatry and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1420588 Thu, 01 Feb 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1420588 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1420587&cid=s_36954_144_f&fid=36954&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17103305%26dopt%3DAbstract This study examined associations between victimization by peers and intention to respond to provocative events as a function of anger arousal and motivation to improve the situation in a cross-sectional sample of school-age children (N = 506, 260 males, 246 females). Results demonstrated that more intense anger and more retaliatory motivation were positively associated with intentions to aggress and with frequency of victimization. The association between aggressive intentions to respond to anger provocation and victimization could be accounted for by subjective feelings of anger and motivation to retaliate. The contribution of emotion processes was stronger for boys than for girls. A post hoc examination of non-bullying participants revealed that motivation accounted for aggressive intent... Child Psychiatry and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1420587 Thu, 01 Feb 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1420587 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1420620&cid=s_36954_144_f&fid=36954&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D16362239%26dopt%3DAbstract This study investigated the characteristics of 106 children primarily referred for externalizing behavior problems and their families, and assessed the prediction of treatment outcome following a standardized short-term, cognitive behavioral group program. Exploring Together comprised a children's group (anger management, problem-solving and social skills training), a parents' group (parenting skills training, dealing with parents' personal, relationship and family-of-origin issues), and a combined children's and parents' group (to target parent-child interactions). The main predictors of reductions in externalizing and internalizing behaviors at home following treatment were children's pre-existing levels of these behavioral and emotional problems (children with higher levels improved mos... Child Psychiatry and Human Development journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1420620 Sun, 01 Jan 2006 05:00:00 +0100 1420620