MedWorm.com provides a medical RSS filtering service. Over 6000 RSS medical sources are combined and output via different filters. This feed contains the latest items from the 'Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics' source. Fri, 19 Mar 2010 17:06:18 +0100 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3259973&cid=s_38082_52_f&fid=38082&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20144076%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Rothweiler M, Chilla S, Babur E Language disorders, and Specific Language Impairment (SLI), have been extensively studied in a number of different, though thus far almost exclusively Indoeuropean, languages. For other languages such as Turkish, Vietnamese, or Arabic, however, findings on the outcome of SLI are rare. In this context, the growing number of migrant children in European countries with a variety of first languages can be seen as a challenge to linguistics and to language assessment: The lack of empirical findings on SLI in these languages brings up the question of how the impairment is manifested in bilingual children with a migrant background. In order for a language disorder to correctly be labelled SLI, it needs to be identified in both languages. This paper pre... Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3259973 Wed, 10 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3259973 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3251896&cid=s_38082_52_f&fid=38082&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20136498%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Sealey LR, Giddens CL Childhood apraxia of speech (CAS) is characterized as a deficit in the motor processes of speech for the volitional control of the articulators, including the velum. One of the many characteristics attributed to children with CAS is intermittent or inconsistent hypernasality. The purpose of this study was to document differences in velopharyngeal function in children diagnosed with CAS from children with typically-developing speech. Pressure-flow techniques were used to estimate the velopharyngeal port size and measure the temporal sequencing of airflow and pressure events associated with production of a nasal + oral plosive sequence in the speech of three children with CAS and three age-matched comparison participants. The results of this pilot study rev... Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3251896 Sat, 06 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3251896 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3251895&cid=s_38082_52_f&fid=38082&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20136504%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Roussel N, Oxley J This perceptual study describes changes in how listeners perceive VCV elements within successive truncations taken from an iambic phrase containing /l/ (e.g. a leaf, or a load) spoken by four male speakers of General American English. Evidence of the respective roles of dorsal gestural affiliation between /l/ and the reduced vowel, (V(1)CV(2)), and gestural separation from a tautosyllabic high front vowel (V(2)) were demonstrated. Coproduction of dark-l with a preceding reduced vowel was evident in early reports of back vowels or diphthongs, particularly when the carrier word contained a front vowel, and was noted more in darker-l than lighter-l speakers. The pairing of /l/ with a tautosyllabic front vowel reduced earlier identification of /l/, whereas its p... Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3251895 Sat, 06 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3251895 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3251894&cid=s_38082_52_f&fid=38082&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20136505%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Steeve RW, Price CM An empirical method for investigating differences in neural control of jaw movement across oromandibular behaviours is to compute the coherence function for electromyographic signals obtained from mandibular muscle groups. This procedure has been used with adults but not extended to children. This pilot study investigated if coherence analysis could reveal task-related differences in control for children by measuring mandibular electromyograms obtained from an infant and adult. Electromyographic signals were obtained from bilateral masseter and temporalis muscle groups during chewing and babble from a typically developing infant from 8-22 months, and chewing and speech were obtained from an adult. Coherence functions were computed. Measures obtained from th... Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3251894 Sat, 06 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3251894 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3251893&cid=s_38082_52_f&fid=38082&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20136506%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Knight RA Transcription skills are crucially important to all phoneticians, and particularly for speech and language therapists who may use transcriptions to make decisions about diagnosis and intervention. Whilst interest in factors affecting transcription accuracy is increasing, there are still a number of issues that are yet to be investigated. The present paper considers how the number of voices and the number of repetitions affects the transcription of nonsense words. Thirty-two students in their second year of study for a BSc in Speech and Language Therapy were participants in an experiment. They heard two nonsense words presented 10 times in either one or two voices. Results show that the number of voices did not affect accuracy, but that accuracy increased between six ... Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3251893 Sat, 06 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3251893 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3251887&cid=s_38082_52_f&fid=38082&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20136507%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Rupela V, Manjula R, Velleman SL Phonological process analysis was carried out using a 40-word imitation task with 30 11;6-14;6 year old Kannada-speaking persons with Down syndrome in comparison with 15 non-verbal mental age matched typically developing children. Percentages of occurrence were significantly higher for the Down syndrome group with certain exceptions. Some phonological processes were observed only in the Down syndrome group. Kannada is a non-Indo European language spoken in the southern Indian state of Karnataka that has not had much research attention, especially with respect to persons with communication disorders. This paper highlights the phonological processes observed in school-aged persons with Down syndrome, some of which are similar to those observed in... Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3251887 Sat, 06 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3251887 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3209370&cid=s_38082_52_f&fid=38082&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20100040%26dopt%3DAbstract This study characterizes, in detail, teachers' use of prompting, hinting, and supplying a model. From a classroom dataset of 53 instances, several distinctive patterns emerged. A prompted completion sequence is initiated by a 'word retrieval elicitor' ('fishing::') and is interpreted as a request to complete the phrase. Non-verbal prompting is accomplished through a combination of gaze and gesture and, also, as a series of prompts. Hinting supplies a verbal clue, typically via a wh-question, or by specifying the nature of the repairable. In contrast, the strategies that supply a linguistic model include both embedded and exposed corrections and offers of candidates. A sequential relationship was found between prompting, hinting, and supplying a model which has implications for how clinicia... Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3209370 Wed, 27 Jan 2010 12:08:16 +0100 3209370 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3209369&cid=s_38082_52_f&fid=38082&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20100041%26dopt%3DAbstract This study compared the use of English past tense in a group of Spanish-English bilingual children with language impairment (BLI) to younger groups of bilinguals with typical and atypical language development reported in an earlier study. Ten children with BLI enrolled in 3rd-6th grade participated. Children supplied 12 regular, 12 irregular, and 12 novel past tense verbs on an elicitation task. The results demonstrated that despite 2.5 years of school exposure, older children with BLI still lagged in the production of regular and novel past tense verbs when compared to the younger typically developing (TD) controls. Although the rates of productive errors on irregular verbs increased, the older students nonetheless failed to achieve rates of over-regularization comparable to the younger T... Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3209369 Wed, 27 Jan 2010 12:08:13 +0100 3209369 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3209368&cid=s_38082_52_f&fid=38082&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20100042%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Gierut JA, Morrisette ML The purpose was to evaluate the lexicality of treated stimuli relative to phonological learning by preschool children with functional phonological disorders. Four children were paired in a single-subject alternating treatments design that was overlaid on a multiple baseline across subjects design. Within each pair, one child was taught one sound in real words and a second sound in non-words; for the other child of the pair, lexicality was reversed and counterbalanced. The dependent variable was production accuracy of the treated sounds as measured during the session-by-session course of instruction. Results indicated that production accuracy of the treated sound was as good as or better using non-word as opposed to real word stimuli. The clinical impli... Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3209368 Wed, 27 Jan 2010 12:08:11 +0100 3209368 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3209367&cid=s_38082_52_f&fid=38082&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20100043%26dopt%3DAbstract This study proposes an automatic method for the detection of pauses and identification of pause types in conversational speech for the purpose of measuring the effects of Friedreich's Ataxia (FRDA) on speech. Speech samples of approximately 3 minutes were recorded from 13 speakers with FRDA and 18 healthy controls. Pauses were measured from the intensity contour and fit with bimodal lognormal distributions using the Expectation-Maximization algorithm in Matlab((c)). In the speakers with FRDA, both modes in the pause distributions had significantly larger means, with disproportionately fewer pauses associated with the first mode. From this preliminary study, it is concluded that distributional analysis of pause duration holds promise as a useful method of measuring the effects of FRDA on fu... Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3209367 Wed, 27 Jan 2010 12:08:08 +0100 3209367 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3209366&cid=s_38082_52_f&fid=38082&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20100044%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Sidtis DV, Kempler D, Jackson C, Metter EJ Controversy remains about the impairment of prosody in aphasia, particularly with regard to speech timing. This paper addresses this topic through an analysis of timing in four sets of a common morphological paradigm. The paradigm consisted of a basic form (stem) and two longer derived forms (e.g. zip, zipper, zippering). Normally, vowel durations are shorter in longer derived forms (e.g. zippering) than in the stem (e.g. zip), due to a process called 'initial shortening'. Twelve patients with aphasia (four each Broca, Wernicke, and Anomic), and 11 age-matched healthy adults were assessed. Structural (CT) and functional brain imaging (PET) were available for all patients. While all groups showed initial shortening between the stem and... Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3209366 Wed, 27 Jan 2010 12:08:05 +0100 3209366 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3122403&cid=s_38082_52_f&fid=38082&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20030550%26dopt%3DAbstract This study addresses this issue, using conversation analysis (CA) to examine the emergence of inflexibility, a behavioural trait symptomatic of ASD, during play involving an adult and diagnosed child. We argue that 'inflexibility' is the product of the child's strategic attempts to retain control over the unfolding interaction, within a context where such attempts breach normative expectations about adult-child play. Furthermore, it demonstrates that the adult does not resist these attempts, on occasion even explicitly providing opportunity for subsequent inflexibility. This challenges the assumption that ASD's behavioural profile solely represents the endpoint of underlying deficit, and demonstrates how 'non-impaired' speakers can be implicated in the manifestation of symptomatic behaviou... Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3122403 Sat, 26 Dec 2009 21:46:17 +0100 3122403 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3122402&cid=s_38082_52_f&fid=38082&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20030551%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Grigos MI, Kolenda N Jaw movement patterns were examined longitudinally in a 3-year-old male with childhood apraxia of speech (CAS) and compared with a typically developing control group. The child with CAS was followed for 8 months, until he began accurately and consistently producing the bilabial phonemes /p/, /b/, and /m/. A movement tracking system was used to study jaw duration, displacement, velocity, and stability. A transcription analysis determined the percentage of phoneme errors and consistency. Results showed phoneme-specific changes which included increases in jaw velocity and stability over time, as well as decreases in duration. Kinematic parameters became more similar to patterns seen in the controls during final sessions where tokens were produced most accurat... Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3122402 Sat, 26 Dec 2009 21:46:14 +0100 3122402 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3122401&cid=s_38082_52_f&fid=38082&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20030552%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Laaksonen JP, Rieger J, Happonen RP, Harris J, Seikaly H The purpose of this study was to use acoustic analyses to describe speech outcomes over the course of 1 year after radial forearm free flap (RFFF) reconstruction of the tongue. Eighteen Canadian English-speaking females and males with reconstruction for oral cancer had speech samples recorded (pre-operative, and 1 month, 6 months, and 1 year post-operative). Acoustic characteristics of formants (F1, F2), fundamental frequency (F0), and duration of 699 vowel and diphthong tokens were analysed. Furthermore, the changes in size of the vowel space area were studied, as well as the effects of radiation therapy (RT) and inclusion of the floor of the mouth (FOM) in the reconstruction. RFFF reconstruction was found to affect sev... Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3122401 Sat, 26 Dec 2009 21:46:11 +0100 3122401 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3122400&cid=s_38082_52_f&fid=38082&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20030553%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Barnes S, Armstrong E Despite the well documented pragmatic deficits that can arise subsequent to Right Hemisphere Brain Damage (RHBD), few researchers have directly studied everyday conversations involving people with RHBD. In recent years, researchers have begun applying Conversation Analysis (CA) to the everyday talk of people with aphasia. This research programme has provided novel insights into the complex inter-relationship between impairment, language use, and interactional organization. This paper will argue that the detailed, inductive approach of CA is well suited to investigating pragmatic communication disorders resulting from RHBD, and will help to elaborate previous findings about RHBD and conversation. In particular, this paper will review and discuss previous i... Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3122400 Sat, 26 Dec 2009 21:46:08 +0100 3122400 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3122399&cid=s_38082_52_f&fid=38082&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20030554%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Abdalla F, Robb MP, Al-Shatti T The purpose of this study was to test whether the content and function word dichotomy of speech disfluency found in English-speaking adults who stutter (AWS) was evident in a language other than English. A group of adult Arabic-speaking AWS were sampled across spontaneous speaking, oral reading, and single-word naming tasks. Moments of disfluency were identified and examined in regard to lexical category. Results indicated no significant differences in the amount of disfluency occurring on content and function words. The production of combined content-function words, a unique feature of the Arabic language, was associated with a high level of disfluency. The linguistic bases of stuttering are discussed in regard to language-specific influences. ... Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3122399 Sat, 26 Dec 2009 21:46:05 +0100 3122399 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3102430&cid=s_38082_52_f&fid=38082&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20001302%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Topbaş S, Ball MJ, Powell TW, Müller N PMID: 20001302 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics) Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3102430 Tue, 01 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3102430 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3102429&cid=s_38082_52_f&fid=38082&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20001303%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Kristoffersen KE The literature on grammatical skills in persons with Cri du chat syndrome (CCS) is very limited, and the need for more knowledge in this area is thus evident, in particular for speech and language therapists working with individuals with this syndrome. This case study report describes the syntactic skills of a 14-year-old Norwegian girl with CCS. The theoretical framework is construction grammar. Data for the study were collected in a diary by the author over a period of 4 months and make up a corpus of 552 utterances. These utterances are described in terms of MLU, diversity of argument structure constructions, proportion and types of complex utterances, use of auxiliaries, as well as deviant word order patterns, types of omissions, and use of prefabricated u... Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3102429 Tue, 01 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3102429 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3102428&cid=s_38082_52_f&fid=38082&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20001304%26dopt%3DAbstract This article discusses some simple measurements for the analysis of semi-spontaneous oral text production by speakers with aphasia. Specifically, the measurements are related to the production of verbs and nouns, and the realization of different sentence types. The proposed measurements should be clinically relevant, easily applicable, and linguistically meaningful. The measurements have been applied to oral descriptions of the 'Cookie Theft' picture by eight monolingual Norwegian speakers, four with an anomic type of aphasia and four without any type of language impairment. Despite individual differences in both the clinical and the non-clinical group, most of the measurements seem to distinguish between speakers with and without aphasia. PMID: 20001304 [PubMed - in process] (Source: ... Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3102428 Tue, 01 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3102428 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3102427&cid=s_38082_52_f&fid=38082&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20001305%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Rutter B This paper presents some findings from a case study of repair sequences in conversations between a dysarthric speaker, Chris, and her interactional partners. It adopts the methodology of interactional phonetics, where turn design, sequence organization, and variation in phonetic parameters are analysed in unison. The analysis focused on the use of segmental and prosodic variation found during attempts by Chris to repair a previously identified trouble source. The results indicate that trouble sources were extremely common in the recorded conversations, but that repair attempts were almost always communicatively successful. Analysis of the fragments revealed that repair sequences are often collaborative achievements, with the participant's conversational partners signa... Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3102427 Tue, 01 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3102427 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3102426&cid=s_38082_52_f&fid=38082&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20001306%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, EPG and acoustic data were recorded during complex word final /sps/ clusters spoken by 20 normal adults. A total contact (TC) index measured amount of tongue-palate contact during clusters in words such as 'crisps'. Bilabial closure was inferred from the acoustic signal. The TC profiles indicated that normal adults hold their tongues in a steady /s/-like position throughout the cluster; most speakers (85%, n=17) had no significant difference in TC values during bilabial closure compared to flanking fricatives. The results are interpreted as showing that normal speakers produce double bilabial-alveolar articulations for /p/ in these clusters. Although steady state TC profiles were typical of the group, absolute TC values varied considerably between speakers, with some speaker... Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3102426 Tue, 01 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3102426 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3102425&cid=s_38082_52_f&fid=38082&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20001307%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Timmins C, Cleland J, Wood SE, Hardcastle WJ, Wishart JG Speech production in young people with Down's syndrome has been found to be variable and inconsistent. Errors tend to be more in the production of sounds that typically develop later, for example, fricatives and affricates, rather than stops and nasals. It has been suggested that inconsistency in production is a result of a motor speech deficit. Late acquired fricatives such as /s/ and /integral/ are complex articulations, which may require more precise motor programming and may therefore show highly inconsistent productions. Other factors potentially affecting speech production in this population are abnormal palatal structure, hearing loss, and hypotonia. A group of 20 young people with Down's syndrome were recorded us... Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3102425 Tue, 01 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3102425 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3102424&cid=s_38082_52_f&fid=38082&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20001308%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, participants with Down's syndrome, aged 10:1 to 18:9, received 24 individualized therapy sessions using EPG. Simultaneous acoustic and EPG recordings were made pre- and post-intervention during 10 repetitions of a word list containing lingua-palatal consonants. Participants also completed the DEAP phonology sub-test at both time points. Post-treatment, all participants showed qualitative and quantifiable differences in EPG patterns and improvements in DEAP percentage consonants correct. EPG assessment and therapy appears a positive approach for identifying and improving articulatory patterns in children with DS. PMID: 20001308 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics) Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3102424 Tue, 01 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3102424 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3102423&cid=s_38082_52_f&fid=38082&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20001309%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Miyakoda H, Imatomi S Phonological awareness has been claimed to play an important role in the development of language skills, and it is essential that the child's phonological skills be assessed accurately in order to predict and to take early measures to help those that may encounter problems. Although the mora has attracted much attention in the discussion of phonological knowledge and phonological skills of Japanese, to our knowledge there are no previous studies that have assessed disordered speech of Japanese purely from the viewpoint of prosodic levels higher than the mora. In order to fill in this gap, this paper will present data from a child with 'unintelligible speech'. The longitudinal data (4; 11 to 8;6) collected from spontaneous Japanese speech were analysed fro... Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3102423 Tue, 01 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3102423 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2972097&cid=s_38082_52_f&fid=38082&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19891520%26dopt%3DAbstract This study had two objectives. The first was to analyse the impact of Parkinson's disease (PD) on the duration of CV syllables and their components in different positions within phrases in French; the second was to examine the distribution of final lengthening (FL) on syllable sub-components. Two main tendencies emerged: (1) PD patients produced normal FL, and (2) FL influenced vowels more than consonants. These findings suggest that PD speakers had no difficulty with FL and that there is a progressive lengthening across the sub-constituents of the final syllable. More fundamentally, these results indicate that the syntactic function of prosody is intact in PD patients, at least during the early and mild stages of the disease. PMID: 19891520 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Clinical Ling... Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2972097 Sun, 01 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100 2972097 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2972096&cid=s_38082_52_f&fid=38082&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19891521%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Ayyad H, Bernhardt BM An overview of Kuwaiti Arabic is presented, with very preliminary data from two typically developing brothers (ages 2;4 and 5;2) and a 6-year-old with a severe sensorineural hearing impairment. The siblings show early mastery of many aspects of the complex Arabic phonological system, with universally expected later mastery of coronal fricatives and /r/. The 6-year-old shows patterns typical of children with hearing impairments, e.g. hypernasality, a prevalence of 'visible' segments, particularly labials, and simplified syllable structure. Her accurate use of /l/, /r/, and some gutturals, however, raise questions about the enhanced perceptibility and functionality of these segments in Arabic. PMID: 19891521 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Clinical Lingu... Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2972096 Sun, 01 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100 2972096 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2972095&cid=s_38082_52_f&fid=38082&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19891522%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Mok Z, Kipka PF Given the growing evidence of the integral role that semantic development plays in normal child syntactic acquisition, it is very likely that lexical-semantic deficits can have ramifications for a child's grammar. This paper illustrates how semantics and syntax interact in a case study of a child, 5;3 years, with apparent grammatical deficits. Using concepts from Principles and Parameters Theory, a language sample analysis revealed that what appeared to be purely grammatical deficits arose via underlying lexical-semantic mechanisms. Language sample analyses to adequately guide intervention planning may thus need to move beyond superficial surface structures and utilize linguistic frameworks capable of addressing the interaction among language-internal component... Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2972095 Sun, 01 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100 2972095 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2972094&cid=s_38082_52_f&fid=38082&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19891523%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Awan SN, Roy N, Dromey C The purpose of the study was to identify a sub-set of spectral/cepstral-based analysis methods that would most effectively predict dysphonia severity (as estimated via auditory-perceptual analysis) in samples of continuous speech. Acoustic estimates of dysphonia severity were used as an objective treatment outcomes measure in a set of pre- vs post-treatment speech samples. Pre- and post-treatment continuous speech samples from 104 females with primary muscle tension dysphonia (MTD) were rated by listeners using a 100 point visual analogue scale (VAS) and analysed acoustically with spectral/cepstral-based measures. Stepwise linear regression produced a three-factor model consisting of the cepstral peak prominence (CPP); the mean ratio of low-to-high fre... Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2972094 Sun, 01 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100 2972094 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2972093&cid=s_38082_52_f&fid=38082&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19891524%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Robb MP, Chen Y Use of /h/ in the phrase, 'Say /hVC/ again' has been tacitly assumed to provide a neutral phonetic context in which to study the articulatory characteristics of speech either preceding or following /h/ articulation. Yet, assessment of the stability or neutrality of /h/ has gone untested. The current study sought to determine whether articulation of /h/ differs according to sex and language accent, as well as to examine its influence on subsequent vowel articulation. Selected acoustic features of /hVC/ were measured in 40 speakers of American English (AE) and 40 speakers of Mandarin-accented English (MAE). Results of an analysis of /h/ duration revealed no sex differences within each language group, however considerable variation was found according to accented ... Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2972093 Sun, 01 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100 2972093 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2967872&cid=s_38082_52_f&fid=38082&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19883183%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Hernández-Sacristán C, Rosell-Clari V Oral conversational data are deemed to be a relevant empirical source when it comes to formulating and supporting hypotheses about cognitive processes involved in aphasic linguistic production. With this assumption in mind, free conversational uses of the Spanish and Catalan connector QUE by fluent and non-fluent aphasic speakers are examined by contrasting them with normal speakers' (i.e. conversational partners') productions. Strictly ungrammatical uses in aphasic speakers are practically non-existent in free conversation. Nevertheless, this data permits one to characterize the aphasic production of the morpheme QUE as restrictive--to different degrees--with respect to normal production. Moreover, this restriction, selectively ... Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2967872 Thu, 01 Oct 2009 00:00:00 +0100 2967872 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2967871&cid=s_38082_52_f&fid=38082&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19883184%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Cosyns M, Van Herreweghe A, Christiaens G, Van Borsel J The purpose of this communication is to report on the occurrence of stutter-like behaviour in Flemish Sign Language users. A questionnaire was sent to 38 Flemish Sign Language interpreters and 28 employees of special needs schools adapted to deaf and partially deaf pupils inquiring whether they had ever observed dysfluencies in the manual communication of the deaf and partially deaf. Of the 13 individuals who responded, nine indicated to have perceived such behaviour. The characteristics of the observed dysfluencies are summarized and implications are discussed. PMID: 19883184 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics) Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2967871 Thu, 01 Oct 2009 00:00:00 +0100 2967871 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2967870&cid=s_38082_52_f&fid=38082&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19883185%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Lundeborg I, McAllister A, Samuelsson C, Ericsson E, Hultcrantz E Adeno-tonsillar hypertrophy with obstructive sleep disordered breathing (OSDB) is known to affect oral-motor function, behaviour, and academic performance. Adeno-tonsillectomy is the most frequently performed operation in children, with total tonsillectomy (TE) being more common than partial resection, 'tonsillotomy' (TT). In the present study 67 children, aged 50-65 months, with OSBD were randomized to TE or TT. The children's phonology was assessed pre-operatively and 6 months post-operatively. Two groups of children served as controls. Phonology was affected in 62.7% of OSBD children before surgery, compared to 34% in the control group (p < .001). Also, OSBD children had more severe phonological deficits t... Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2967870 Thu, 01 Oct 2009 00:00:00 +0100 2967870 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2967869&cid=s_38082_52_f&fid=38082&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19883186%26dopt%3DAbstract This study aims to measure the speech intelligibility of Mandarin-English speakers with dysarthria before and after phonation therapy, in order to determine the effectiveness of this approach. A within-group design was used with two case studies which allowed one to measure therapy variables (single word and sentences); language variables (Mandarin and English); and speech production variables (respiration, phonation, articulation, resonance, and prosody). Both participants demonstrated highly significant improvement in Mandarin intelligibility scores after therapy compared with minimal changes in English intelligibility. These results demonstrate for the first time that phonation therapy is effective in increasing intelligibility, for Mandarin more than for English. Phonation therapy is a... Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2967869 Thu, 01 Oct 2009 00:00:00 +0100 2967869 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2696316&cid=s_38082_52_f&fid=38082&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19669990%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Gardner H PMID: 19669990 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics) Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2696316 Fri, 31 Jul 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2696316 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2696315&cid=s_38082_52_f&fid=38082&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19669991%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Stribling P, Rae J, Dickerson P Some higher functioning individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) are reported to produce perseverative talk, especially around 'special interests'. Topic perseveration is a form of pragmatic impairment captured in Prizant and Rydell's (1993) continuum of unconventional verbal behaviour in autism. Although widely reported, there is little systematic empirical research into this phenomenon. This paper considers the utility of Conversation Analysis in developing knowledge in this area, drawing upon data involving a boy with an ASD interacting with a researcher and a mobile robot platform. Although a frequency analysis of the boy's talk on a single topic may suggest that it is perseverative in nature, in a sequential analysis of both talk a... Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2696315 Fri, 31 Jul 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2696315 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2696314&cid=s_38082_52_f&fid=38082&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19669992%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Clarke M, Wilkinson R Inequality in communicative resources available to non-speaking children with cerebral palsy in comparison with their 'naturally' speaking co-participants has material consequences for the ways in which face-to-face interaction is organized. Analyses of interaction involving non-speaking children with physical disability and speaking adults has often interpreted the patterns of interaction observed as indicative of non-speaking children's apparent passivity in interaction. Research concerned with these children's interactions with their peers has shown evidence of non-speaking children's active engagement in episodes of interaction characterized by, for example, shared laughter and heightened affect. The analysis presented here utilizes the principles and... Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2696314 Fri, 31 Jul 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2696314 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2696313&cid=s_38082_52_f&fid=38082&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19669993%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, 8-year-old Ciara is interacting with her teacher in the classroom. Thirty-seven segments containing word searches were analysed according to the procedures used by conversation analysts. Ciara's interactional resources include co-ordinated deployment of syntax, pitch height, and downward gaze during solitary searching that assist the enterprise of self-repair. Gaze shift towards the teacher signals a transition relevance place, thus constituting a direct invitation for her to participate in the search. Ciara's interactional resources include semantic category labelling, phonological self-cuing, and pronominal substitution that supply valuable linguistic information to the teacher and trigger production of the searched-for item. Recommendations for language teaching and thera... Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2696313 Fri, 31 Jul 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2696313 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2696312&cid=s_38082_52_f&fid=38082&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19669994%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Mahon M This paper provides a description of the interactions between a nursery-aged prelingually deaf1 child and his specialist teacher recorded at four consecutive time points during the first year at school. The child comes from a hearing, Somali-speaking family where English is an additional language (EAL). Using Conversation Analysis procedures, findings show how, with the teacher's support, the deaf child accomplishes 'multi-element' turns (that is, turns in which semantic referents are combined using words and gestures-'elements') within and across time points. Gestures remain an essential feature of the child's communication at all times. The teacher's prior and next turns create and support language learning opportunities for the child, and this support is continually... Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2696312 Fri, 31 Jul 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2696312 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2585061&cid=s_38082_52_f&fid=38082&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19585309%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Spencer E, Packman A, Onslow M, Ferguson A This paper describes a study in which Systemic Functional Linguistics was applied to describe how people who stutter use language. The aim of the study was to determine and describe any differences in language use between a group of 10 adults who stutter and 10 matched normally-fluent speakers. In addition to formal linguistic analyses, analyses drawn from Systemic Functional Linguistics were used to further investigate the expression of both syntactic and semantic complexity. The findings from this study replicated previous findings of Packman et al. in which they found that the language used by people who stutter was significantly less complex than the control group. Another major finding was that adults who stuttered used the lingu... Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2585061 Tue, 30 Jun 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2585061 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2585059&cid=s_38082_52_f&fid=38082&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19585310%26dopt%3DAbstract Discussion of previous research in the area of gender agreement in Spanish-speaking children with SLI and explanations of potential reasons for the children's performance are addressed. PMID: 19585310 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics) Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2585059 Tue, 30 Jun 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2585059 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2585058&cid=s_38082_52_f&fid=38082&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19585311%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Behrns I, Wengelin A, Broberg M, Hartelius L The aim of the present study was to explore how a personal narrative told by a group of eight persons with aphasia differed between written and spoken language, and to compare this with findings from 10 participants in a reference group. The stories were analysed through holistic assessments made by 60 participants without experience of aphasia and through measurement of lexical and syntactic variables. The findings showed that the participants with aphasia generally received lower ratings than the reference group, but also that stories written by participants with aphasia were rated as easier to understand, more interesting, and more coherent than the group's spoken stories. Regression analysis showed that syntax could predict seve... Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2585058 Tue, 30 Jun 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2585058 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2585057&cid=s_38082_52_f&fid=38082&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19585312%26dopt%3DAbstract This study investigated the production of linguistic prosody in subjects with left hemisphere damage (LHD). Three experiments involving the production of lexical stress in nouns vs verbs, compound nouns vs tag constructions, and echo questions vs statements were conducted. Acoustic measurements (fundamental frequency (F(0)), duration and amplitude) of the prosodic structures were examined and naive listeners were asked to identify the meanings of the utterances. The results of the acoustic measurements indicated that LHD subjects did not produce prosodic structures that were comparable to control subjects to convey different linguistic meanings in all three experiments. Naive listeners had greater difficulty identifying the intended meanings of the utterances produced by the LHD subjects t... Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2585057 Tue, 30 Jun 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2585057 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2542802&cid=s_38082_52_f&fid=38082&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19401873%26dopt%3DAbstract The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of surgical rapid maxillary expansion (SRME) on vowel production. The subjects included 12 patients, whose speech were considered perceptually normal, that had undergone surgical RME for expansion of a narrow maxilla. They uttered the following Turkish vowels, ([a], [varepsilon], [], [i], [open o], [oe], [u], [y]), in isolation before and after the maxillary expansion. These samples were recorded for acoustical analysis. The fundamental frequencies (F(0)) and the frequencies and bandwidths of the first two formants (F(1) and F(2)) of the vowels were measured using the Multi-Speech programme (Kay Elemetrics). Statistical analysis revealed that the second formant frequency (F(2)) and bandwidth values in the vowel [i] and [oe] were low... Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2542802 Sun, 31 May 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2542802 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2542801&cid=s_38082_52_f&fid=38082&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19440894%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Pekkala S, Goral M, Hyun J, Obler LK, Erkinjuntti T, Albert ML This cross-linguistic study investigated Semantic Verbal Fluency (SVF) performance in 30 American English-speaking and 30 Finnish-speaking healthy elderly adults with different cultural and linguistic backgrounds. Despite the different backgrounds of the participant groups, remarkable similarities were found between the groups in the overall SVF performance in two semantic categories (animals and clothes), in the proportions of words produced within the first half (30 seconds) of the SVF tasks, and in the variety of words produced for the categories. These similarities emerged despite the difference in the mean length of words produced in the two languages (with Finnish words being significantly longer than English... Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2542801 Sun, 31 May 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2542801 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2542800&cid=s_38082_52_f&fid=38082&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19504399%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Schaefer B, Fricke S, Szczerbinski M, Fox-Boyer AV, Stackhouse J, Wells B The development of phonological awareness (PA), the ability to reflect on the sound structure of words independent of their meaning, has been extensively explored in English-speaking children. However, this is not the case for other languages. The aim of this study was to develop a comprehensive PA test battery for German-speaking preschool children, considering psycholinguistic, linguistic, and cognitive aspects and to carry out analyses of its psychometric properties. Cross-sectional data from a sample of 55 children (CA 4;0-6;11 years) were collected. Preliminary findings confirm validity and reliability of the test battery, and support previous findings that PA develops from larger to smaller linguis... Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2542800 Sun, 31 May 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2542800 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2542799&cid=s_38082_52_f&fid=38082&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19504400%26dopt%3DAbstract This study evaluates 39 different phonetic inventories of 16 Spanish-speaking children (ages 0;11 to 5;1) in terms of hierarchical complexity. Phonetic featural differences are considered in order to evaluate the proposed implicational hierarchy of Dinnsen et al.'s phonetic inventory typology for English. The children's phonetic inventories are examined independently and in relation to one another. Five hierarchical complexity levels are proposed, similar to those of English and other languages, although with some language-specific differences. These findings have implications for theoretical assumptions about the universality of phonetic inventory development, and for remediation of Spanish-speaking children with phonological impairments. PMID: 19504400 [PubMed - in process] (Source: ... Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2542799 Sun, 31 May 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2542799 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2542806&cid=s_38082_52_f&fid=38082&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19399664%26dopt%3DAbstract This study investigated the effect of practice and feedback on intra-judge and inter-judge reliability of hypernasality judgements. The judges were 36 speech-language therapy students, who were randomly assigned to three groups for training: (1) Exposure (simple exposure to hypernasal speech samples), (2) Practice-only (practice with hypernasality judgements without feedback), and (3) Practice-Feedback (practice with hypernasality judgements with feedback). After training, the judges rated hypernasality in non-nasal sentences produced by 20 speakers with hypernasality and two normal speakers, using direct magnitude estimation. Both practice groups showed fair-to-good inter-judge reliability for rating the female samples: had more listeners who showed significant intra-judge reliability, an... Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2542806 Thu, 30 Apr 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2542806 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2542805&cid=s_38082_52_f&fid=38082&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19399665%26dopt%3DAbstract This study presents analyses of children's hesitations while producing English derived words with the suffix -ity. Two questions were considered: Do children's linguistic skills influence their use and frequency of hesitations when producing derived words, and do children's use of hesitations vary as a function of word frequency. Eight real words derived with the suffix -ity were produced by 20 third grade children and analysed for different hesitation types. Four of the target words were high in lexical frequency, and four were low in lexical frequency. Results indicated varying hesitation patterns based upon stress accuracy skill. Children with good stress accuracy skills tended to produce false starts, whereas children with poor stress accuracy skills tended to produce glottal stops and... Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2542805 Thu, 30 Apr 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2542805 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2542804&cid=s_38082_52_f&fid=38082&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19399666%26dopt%3DAbstract This study reports automatic analysis of sustained vowel phonation for 61 speakers with stroke. The results show: (1) men with stroke and healthy elderly men exhibited an identical voice profile, and men with stroke had only one significantly larger noise parameter (SPI--soft phonation index) than young healthy men; and (2) women with stroke and healthy elderly women exhibited an identical voice profile, except that women with stroke exhibited a significantly higher SPI than healthy elderly women. Although there were no significant differences in smoothed pitch perturbation quotient (sPPQ) and SPI between healthy elderly women and healthy young women, women with stroke exhibited significantly larger sPPQ and SPI than healthy young women. It is suggested that studies on sub-groups of the st... Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2542804 Thu, 30 Apr 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2542804 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2542803&cid=s_38082_52_f&fid=38082&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19399667%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Padrik M, Tamtik M The authors examined how 12 Estonian-speaking children with specific language impairment (SLI) and 60 children with normal speech development (ND) comprehended compound nouns with differing sequence of the components (first task) and how they produced compound nouns to label genuine and accidental categories by using analogy (second task) and sentence transformation (third task). The results demonstrated that children with SLI were capable of producing compound nouns for genuine categories, but avoided production of compounds to label objects in temporary juxtapositions. However, by comparison with the control group, SLI children differed statistically significantly in terms of both the number of correct answers and the pattern of mistakes. In the cases when... Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2542803 Thu, 30 Apr 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2542803 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2542811&cid=s_38082_52_f&fid=38082&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19382012%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Boey RA, Wuyts FL, Van De Heyning PH, Heylen L, De Bodt MS Clinical diagnostic procedures to distinguish stuttering from non-stuttering individuals partially rely on the observation of characteristics of stuttered words or syllables. The purpose of this study was to examine the sensitivity and specificity of such a procedure, and to describe the observed characteristics of stuttered words. Methods involved the recording of the frequency, duration, and physical tension of stuttered words in conversational speech samples (total 43, 100 words) and in an oral reading task (total 43, 100 words). In this manner, 351 native Dutch speaking people, aged 8-53, who stutter were compared to a group of non-stuttering peers (n = 80). Findings suggest that applying a criterion of 3% stuttere... Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2542811 Tue, 31 Mar 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2542811 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2542810&cid=s_38082_52_f&fid=38082&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19382013%26dopt%3DAbstract This study investigated the usefulness of the Cantonese Linguistic Communication Measure (CLCM) in monitoring changes of narrative production in five Chinese adults with aphasia in the period of spontaneous recovery (SR group) and four who underwent anomia therapies (Tx group). Language samples elicited from a picture description task were collected among SR participants at regular intervals within the first 6 months post-onset and among Tx participants before and after treatment. Results showed that the CLCM indices could reflect changes of language production in these individuals over time. The changes of index values were consistent with the expectations of performance during early stages after stroke for the SR participants and treatment outcomes of the Tx participants. While the CLCM ... Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2542810 Tue, 31 Mar 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2542810 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2542809&cid=s_38082_52_f&fid=38082&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19382014%26dopt%3DAbstract This study examined formulaic language in the spontaneous speech of stroke patients with left, right, or subcortical damage. Four subjects were interviewed and their speech samples compared to normal speakers. Raters classified formulaic expressions as speech formulae, fillers, sentence stems, and proper nouns. Results demonstrated that brain damage affected novel and formulaic language competence differently, with a significantly smaller proportion of formulaic expressions in subjects with right or subcortical damage compared to left hemisphere damaged or healthy speakers. These findings converge with previous studies that support the proposal of a right hemisphere/subcortical circuit in the management of formulaic expressions, based on a dual-process model of language incorporating novel... Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2542809 Tue, 31 Mar 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2542809 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2542808&cid=s_38082_52_f&fid=38082&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19382015%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Levorato MC, Roch M, Beltrame R The contribution of lower level linguistic abilities (study 1) and a higher level capacity, namely the use of context, (study 2), on text comprehension was studied. Participants were 16 individuals with Down syndrome aged between aged between 8 years 11 months and 16 years 10 months, and 16 children with typical development, aged between 5 years 11 months and 7 years 3 months, matched for the level of text comprehension. In study 1 the two groups were compared for receptive vocabulary and sentence comprehension: both of them were shown to play a role in text comprehension in Down syndrome. Since participants with Down syndrome had very low scores in sentence comprehension, study 2 tested the hypothesis that when sentences were presented within a... Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2542808 Tue, 31 Mar 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2542808 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2542807&cid=s_38082_52_f&fid=38082&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19382016%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Preston JL, Edwards ML Children with residual speech sound errors are often underserved clinically, yet there has been a lack of recent research elucidating the specific deficits in this population. Adolescents aged 10-14 with residual speech sound errors (RE) that included rhotics were compared to normally speaking peers on tasks assessing speed and accuracy of speech production. The two groups were evaluated on an oral diadochokinetic task, which required rapid production of the trisyllable /p Lambda t Lambda k Lambda/, and two rapid naming tasks: monosyllabic letter names and multisyllabic picture names. No significant group differences were observed in the speed of trisyllables on the DDK task, whether examining all attempts or only correct productions. However, the RE gro... Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2542807 Tue, 31 Mar 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2542807 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2267179&cid=s_38082_52_f&fid=38082&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19283575%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Nijland L, Janse E PMID: 19283575 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics) Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2267179 Sun, 01 Mar 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2267179 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2267143&cid=s_38082_52_f&fid=38082&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19283576%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Burton MW Lesion studies have demonstrated impairments of specific types of phonological processes. However, results from neuropsychological studies of speech sound processing have been inconclusive as to the role of specific brain regions because of a lack of a one-to-one correspondence between behavioural patterns and lesion location. Functional neuroimaging studies have contributed more detailed information about the involvement of specific brain regions in a wide range of phonological tasks. A framework developed by Hickok and Poeppel to account for these neuropsychological and neuroimaging results is evaluated in light of a series of phonological studies in which cognitive load is manipulated by changing the acoustic properties and lexical status of stimuli, as well as th... Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2267143 Sun, 01 Mar 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2267143 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2267139&cid=s_38082_52_f&fid=38082&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19283577%26dopt%3DAbstract This study investigates neighbourhood density effects on lexical decision performance (both accuracy and response times) of aphasic patients. Given earlier results on lexical activation and deactivation in Broca's and Wernicke's aphasia, the prediction was that smaller neighbourhood density effects would be found for Broca's aphasic patients, compared to age-matched non-brain-damaged control participants, whereas enlarged density effects were expected for Wernicke's aphasic patients. The results showed density effects for all three groups of listeners, and overall differences in performance between groups, but no significant interaction between neighbourhood density and listener group. Several factors are discussed to account for the present results. PMID: 19283577 [PubMed - in process... Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2267139 Sun, 01 Mar 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2267139 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2267131&cid=s_38082_52_f&fid=38082&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19283578%26dopt%3DAbstract This study examined a group of healthy volunteers and a group of patients with lesions of the left hemisphere. Patients made substantially more errors than controls, but the factors influencing imitation accuracy were more or less the same in both groups. Error analyses in both groups suggested different types of representations for speech as compared to the non-speech domain, with speech having a stronger weight on the auditory modality and non-speech processing on the visual modality. Additionally, this study was able to show that the McGurk effect is not limited to speech. PMID: 19283578 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics) Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2267131 Sun, 01 Mar 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2267131 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2267118&cid=s_38082_52_f&fid=38082&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19283579%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Nijland L Research in the field of speech production pathology is dominated by describing deficits in output. However, perceptual problems might underlie, precede, or interact with production disorders. The present study hypothesizes that the level of the production disorders is linked to level of perception disorders, thus lower-order production problems (such as childhood apraxia of speech; CAS) are linked to lower-order perception problems and higher-order production problems (phonological disorder; PD) are linked to higher-order perception problems. For this, various perception tasks were administered (non-word auditory discrimination task, word rhyming task, categorical classification, and discrimination task) in children with CAS, PD, or a mixture. The results show that ... Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2267118 Sun, 01 Mar 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2267118 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2169012&cid=s_38082_52_f&fid=38082&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19197580%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Bartle-Meyer CJ, Goozee JV, Murdoch BE The current study aimed to use electromagnetic articulography (EMA) to investigate the effect of increasing word length on lingual kinematics in acquired apraxia of speech (AOS). Tongue-tip and tongue-back movement was recorded for five speakers with AOS and a concomitant aphasia (mean age = 53.6 years; SD = 12.60) during target consonant production (i.e. /t, s, k/ singletons; /kl, sk/ clusters), for one and two syllable stimuli. The results obtained for each of the participants with AOS were individually compared to those obtained by a control group (n = 12; mean age = 52.08 years; SD = 12.52). Results indicated that the participants with AOS exhibited longer movement durations and, in some instances, larger tongue movements during conso... Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2169012 Sun, 01 Feb 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2169012 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2169011&cid=s_38082_52_f&fid=38082&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19197581%26dopt%3DAbstract This study claims the CFWs characterize a transitional period between babbling and speech, which varies between different types of populations. The transitional period is rather short in typically developing children, who hardly ever produce CFWs, greater in cochlear implant children, and the greatest in developmental speech disorders such as dyspraxia. Clinical implications of these findings are also discussed. PMID: 19197581 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics) Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2169011 Sun, 01 Feb 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2169011 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2169010&cid=s_38082_52_f&fid=38082&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19197582%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Beeke S, Wilkinson R, Maxim J Historically, agrammatism, a symptom of Broca's aphasia, has been associated with dysprosody, on account of speakers' slow, halting, and effortful speech. Almost all investigations of this phenomenon use experimental methods (reading, repetition). Thus, little is known about how prosody is used by speakers with agrammatism and understood by their interlocutors in everyday conversations. This paper takes an interactional approach to prosody, using Conversation Analysis to explore everyday conversations between three speakers with agrammatism and their family members/friends, recorded in the home. A distinct prosodic pattern is revealed in their talk, whereby non-final words in an agrammatic utterance are produced with mid-level or minor rising pitc... Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2169010 Sun, 01 Feb 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2169010 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2169009&cid=s_38082_52_f&fid=38082&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19197583%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Bunta F, Fabiano-Smith L, Goldstein B, Ingram D The present study investigated phonological whole-word measures and consonant accuracy in bilingual and monolingual children to investigate how target approximations drive phonological acquisition. The study included eight bilingual Spanish- and English-speaking 3-year-olds and their monolingual peers (eight Spanish and eight American English). Phonological whole-word measures (pMLU and Proximity) and consonant accuracy (PCC) were calculated on elicited single words. Differences were found on each measure between bilinguals and monolinguals in English, but in Spanish, only the PCC displayed differences between bilinguals and monolinguals. Bilinguals displayed language separation on the pMLU and the PCC but not the Proximity, indi... Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2169009 Sun, 01 Feb 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2169009 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2111439&cid=s_38082_52_f&fid=38082&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19148810%26dopt%3DAbstract This study investigated how TE speakers realized 'glottal' stops in abutting words that end and begin with the same vowel. Ten phoneticians rated seven TE speakers' attempts to convey 'glottal' stops less favourably than two laryngeal control speakers' 'glottal' stops. Acoustic analyses showed that TE speakers relied on more gradual changes, but in 25% of realizations, a constriction at the neoglottis, similar to the constriction found in normal speakers, was produced. It was concluded that control over the neoglottis might be greater than is generally assumed. It might be possible to improve TE speakers' awareness and control over the neoglottis through training, using such tools as digital high-speed imaging. PMID: 19148810 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Clinical Linguistics and Phon... Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2111439 Thu, 01 Jan 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2111439 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2111438&cid=s_38082_52_f&fid=38082&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19148811%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Johnson D, Cannizzaro MS Individuals with Broca's aphasia often present with deficits in their ability to comprehend non-canonical sentences. This has been contrastingly characterized as a systematic loss of specific grammatical abilities or as individual variability in the dynamics between processing load and resource availability. The present study investigated sentence level comprehension in participants with Broca's aphasia in an attempt to integrate these contrasting views into a clinically useful process. Two participants diagnosed with Broca's aphasia were assessed using a sentence-to-picture matching paradigm and a truth-value judgement task, across sentence constructions thought to be problematic for this population. The data demonstrate markedly different patterns of... Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2111438 Thu, 01 Jan 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2111438 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2111437&cid=s_38082_52_f&fid=38082&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19148812%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Smits-Bandstra S, De Nil L Two studies compared the accuracy and efficiency of initiating oral reading of nonsense syllables by persons who stutter (PWS) and fluent speakers (PNS) over practise. Findings of Study One, comparing 12 PWS and 12 PNS, replicated previous findings of slow speech sequence initiation over practise by PWS relative to PNS. In Study Two, nine PWS and eight PNS practised reading syllable sequences under single, and then dual task conditions in which a colour recognition distracter task was introduced. The speech sequences of PWS were initiated significantly slower than those of PNS. Significant GroupxCondition interactions for reaction time and accuracy were interpreted to suggest that PNS, but not PWS, demonstrated the ability to switch between an attent... Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2111437 Thu, 01 Jan 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2111437 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2111436&cid=s_38082_52_f&fid=38082&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19148813%26dopt%3DAbstract This study was conducted to establish normative nasalance values for Swedish speaking children as measured with the Nasometer(trade mark) II, and to investigate differences due to regional dialect, gender, and age. Two hundred and twenty healthy children aged 4-5, 6-7, and 9-11 years were included. Group mean nasalance scores for four speech stimuli were calculated and compared. There were no significant differences due to dialect or gender for children in the study. For age there was a significant difference on nasal sentences between the youngest group of children and the other two groups, age 4-5 vs age 6-7 (t = -2.844, p = .006) and for age 4-5 vs age 9-11 (t = -2.888, p = .005). The results from this study have both clinical significance for Swedish SLPs working with resonance disorde... Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2111436 Thu, 01 Jan 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2111436 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2111435&cid=s_38082_52_f&fid=38082&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19148814%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Merrills D Participants in speech and language therapy sessions engage in talk about talking to accomplish different social actions: identifying and explaining linguistic concepts; correcting language use; and repairing misunderstanding. Different traditions in interaction research have examined the practices of topic management, correction, and repair in instructional and mundane conversation, but the need to disentangle the common thread of 'language' that runs through these practices in speech and language therapy interaction has not been recognized. This paper examines three short extracts from transcripts of clinical interaction involving school-aged children with language disorders in order to see how they manage communication about metalinguistic topics, in face of the ... Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2111435 Thu, 01 Jan 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2111435 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1993712&cid=s_38082_52_f&fid=38082&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19031191%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Iyer SN, Oller DK Little research has been conducted on the development of suprasegmental characteristics of vocalizations in typically developing infants (TDI) and the role of audition in the development of these characteristics. The purpose of the present study was to examine the longitudinal development of fundamental frequency (F(0)) in eight TDI and eight infants with severe-to-profound hearing loss matched for level of vocal development. Results revealed no significant changes in F(0) with advances in pre-language vocal development for TDI. Infants with hearing loss, however, showed a statistically reliable higher variability of F(0) than TDI, when age was accounted for as a covariate. The results suggest development of F(0) may be strongly influenced by audition. PM... Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1993712 Thu, 27 Nov 2008 19:18:00 +0100 1993712 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1993711&cid=s_38082_52_f&fid=38082&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19031192%26dopt%3DAbstract This study also proposes that transcription should be supplemented by acoustic analysis and the perceptual judgements of naive listeners. PMID: 19031192 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics) Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1993711 Thu, 27 Nov 2008 19:17:57 +0100 1993711 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1993710&cid=s_38082_52_f&fid=38082&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19031193%26dopt%3DAbstract This study also notes differences within an individual in the effects of stimulation on the two speech subsystems. These findings qualify the value of global statements about the effect of neurostimulatory operations on Parkinsonian patients. They also underline the importance of careful consideration of individual differences in the effect of deep brain stimulation on different speech subsystems. PMID: 19031193 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics) Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1993710 Thu, 27 Nov 2008 19:17:53 +0100 1993710 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1993709&cid=s_38082_52_f&fid=38082&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19031194%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Bloch S, Beeke S This paper uses the methodology of conversation analysis (CA) to examine the practice of co-constructed turn and utterance production in impaired communication. An investigation of the conversations between two family dyads, featuring one person with dysarthric speech and one with aphasic language, reveals one way in which single turns and utterances are produced through the collaborative activities of two people in interaction. Such a practice is shown to operate without problems for the participants or the need for explicit acceptance by the speakers. It is proposed that co-construction in disordered speech and language is one way in which communicative competence is accomplished. By drawing attention to similarities in the consequences of dysarthria and aph... Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1993709 Thu, 27 Nov 2008 19:17:50 +0100 1993709 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1993708&cid=s_38082_52_f&fid=38082&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19031195%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: PMID: 19031195 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics) Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1993708 Thu, 27 Nov 2008 19:17:46 +0100 1993708 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1944360&cid=s_38082_52_f&fid=38082&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18989802%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Mildner V PMID: 18989802 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics) Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1944360 Wed, 01 Oct 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1944360 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1944359&cid=s_38082_52_f&fid=38082&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18989803%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Topbas S, Kopkalli-Yavuz H The purpose of this study is to investigate the acquisition patterns of sonorant+obstruent coda clusters in Turkish to determine whether Turkish data support the prediction the Sonority Sequencing Principle (SSP) makes as to which consonant (i.e. C1 or C2) is more likely to be preserved in sonorant+obstruent clusters, and the error patterns of sonorant+obstruent coda clusters. Data from 350 typically developing monolingual Turkish speaking children (aged 2.0-5.11 years) were used in this study. Six types of sonorant+obstruent clusters were targeted for analysis of deletion, vowel lengthening, and substitution processes in C1 and C2 singletons of clusters separately. The results showed that the acquisition of Turkish clusters does not adhere to the SS... Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1944359 Wed, 01 Oct 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1944359 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1944358&cid=s_38082_52_f&fid=38082&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18989804%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Miyakoda H Although many studies of speech errors have been presented in the literature, most have focused on errors occurring at either the segmental or feature level. Few, if any, studies have dealt with the prosodic structure of errors. This paper aims to fill this gap by taking up the issue of prosodic structure in Japanese speech errors, with a focus on the foot level. The 501 speech errors from normal spontaneous speech of Japanese speakers will be compared with those collected from five aphasic patients. The acquisition data of Japanese supports the unmarkedness of foot binarity. Two types of evidence have been presented for this: bimoraic minimality effects in monomoraic lexical items, and disyllabic maximality effects of multisyllabic words. An analysis of the speech ... Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1944358 Wed, 01 Oct 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1944358 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1818313&cid=s_38082_52_f&fid=38082&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18608246%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: McCaffrey Morrison H Locus equations (LEs) were derived from consonant-vowel-consonant (CVC) syllables produced by four speakers with profound hearing loss. Group data indicated that LE functions obtained for the separate CVC productions initiated by /b/, /d/, and /g/ were less well-separated in acoustic space than those obtained from speakers with normal hearing. A general trend of reduced anticipatory coarticulation was obtained for contexts in which speakers with normal hearing ordinarily coarticulate. One speaker engaged more coarticulation than did speakers with normal hearing. Speakers' productions could be ordered in a way that locus functions appeared to progressively collapse upon one another, suggesting a progressive reduction of consonant separation in acoustic spac... Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1818313 Mon, 01 Sep 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1818313 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1818311&cid=s_38082_52_f&fid=38082&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18608248%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Kuruvilla MS, Murdoch BE, Goozee JV The aim of the investigation was to compare EPG-derived spatial and timing measures between a group of 11 dysarthric individuals post-severe TBI and 10 age- and sex-matched neurologically non-impaired individuals. Participants of the TBI group were diagnosed with dysarthria ranging from mild-to-moderate-severe dysarthria. Each participant from the TBI and comparison group was fitted with a custom-made artificial acrylic palate that recorded lingual palatal contact during target consonant production in sentence- and syllable-repetition tasks at a habitual rate and loudness level. Analysis of temporal parameters between the comparison and TBI groups revealed prolonged durations of the various phases of consonant production, which were attribut... Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1818311 Mon, 01 Sep 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1818311 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1818306&cid=s_38082_52_f&fid=38082&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18666020%26dopt%3DAbstract This study investigated social knowledge in school-age children, aged 8-12 years, with and without language impairment (LI and TD groups). A hypothetical peer conflict task was administered to examine the relationship among prosocial responses and parent/teacher ratings of children's social behaviours. Stimuli included 12 hypothetical peer conflict vignettes presented in an open-ended and forced choice condition. The LI group generated (open-ended) and selected (forced choice) fewer prosocial strategies. When asked to predict a friend's reaction to a selected conflict resolution strategy, the LI group predicted fewer positive consequences; however, the proportion of prosocial strategies followed by prediction of a positive peer consequence was similar across groups. Both groups identified ... Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1818306 Mon, 01 Sep 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1818306 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1818325&cid=s_38082_52_f&fid=38082&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18608234%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: May Bernhardt B PMID: 18608234 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics) Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1818325 Fri, 01 Aug 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1818325 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1818324&cid=s_38082_52_f&fid=38082&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18608235%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Maclagan M, King J, Gillon G The Maori language is the language of the indigenous people of New Zealand. Today, not all Maori speak the Maori language, and many Maori as well as non-Maori speak Maori English, the fastest growing of the main varieties of New Zealand English. This paper provides a background to the linguistic situation of the Maori populace in New Zealand, including the current revitalization of the Maori language and the increasing use of Maori English. Speech-language therapists working with Maori clients now see children who are monolingual speakers of standard New Zealand English or monolingual speakers of Maori English, young children who are being raised as bilingual speakers of Maori and English, and older people who are relatively fluent in Maori. PM... Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1818324 Fri, 01 Aug 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1818324 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1818307&cid=s_38082_52_f&fid=38082&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18645739%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Ball J, Bernhardt BM The current study reports preliminary information gathered about First Nations English dialects in Canada and considers implications for speech-language pathology practice. Information was gathered from literature searches and forums of First Nations and non-First Nations speech-language pathologists, developmentalists, and linguists. The exploratory findings suggest that First Nations English dialects are shaped both by transference of features from the ancestral languages and by cultural patterns of communication. The dialects likely represent late stages of depidginization and decreolization. Examples of phonological and syntactic dialectal features illustrate the importance of recognizing non-standard varieties of English when assessing speakers of Fir... Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1818307 Fri, 01 Aug 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1818307 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1818305&cid=s_38082_52_f&fid=38082&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18770094%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Eriks-Brophy A, Quittenbaum J, Anderson D, Nelson T The current article describes the results, inter-scorer reliability, and potential sources of bias in conducting speech-language assessments with Aboriginal children in remote Ontario communities using videoconferencing. A main focus of this pilot study was to examine scoring bias, an issue that might arise with videoconferencing for any population but that could potentially interact with test and cultural bias to negatively affect the diagnosis of Aboriginal children. Assessments were administered by a remote-site speech-language pathologist (SLP), while an on-site SLP served as an assistant. Responses were scored simultaneously by both SLPs and the results and their degree of correspondence were compared. Percentage agreeme... Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1818305 Fri, 01 Aug 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1818305 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1818304&cid=s_38082_52_f&fid=38082&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18770095%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Rosen N This paper discusses the language contact situation between Algonquian languages and French in Canada. Michif, a French-Plains Cree mixed language, is used as a case study for linguistic results of language contact. The paper describes the phonological, morphological, and syntactic conflict sites between the grammars of Plains Cree and French, as an example of heritage language interactions with French in areas of similar language contact. The usefulness of such examination is two-fold. First, the particular conflict sites should assist speech-language pathologists in their speech and language assessment and intervention with Indigenous children in similar language contact situations. Secondly, the methodology followed should provide direction for future research in sp... Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1818304 Fri, 01 Aug 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1818304 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1818303&cid=s_38082_52_f&fid=38082&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18770096%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Butcher A It is probable that the majority of the 455 000 strong Aboriginal population of Australia speak some form of Australian Aboriginal English (AAE) at least some of the time and that it is the first (and only) language of many Aboriginal children. This means their language is somewhere on a continuum ranging from something very close to Standard Australian English (SAE) at one end, through to something very close to creole at the other. The phonetics and phonology, grammar, and lexicon of AAE are influenced to varying degrees by the Australian Aboriginal language substrate. There are also some features typical of non-standard Englishes in general, and some which have been retained from earlier forms of the colonial language. Many teachers still see this variety as an un... Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1818303 Fri, 01 Aug 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1818303 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1818302&cid=s_38082_52_f&fid=38082&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18770097%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Gould J Australian Aboriginal children typically receive communication assessment services from Standard Australian English (SAE) speaking non-Aboriginal speech-language pathologists (SLPs). Educational assessments, including intelligence testing, are also primarily conducted by non-Aboriginal educational professionals. While the current paper will show that non-Indigenous SLPs can conduct valid communication assessments with Indigenous children, it will also be shown that educational assessments do not always benefit the child being assessed, and may sometimes do harm to Aboriginal children. Many of the issues surrounding the assessment of Australian Aboriginal children by non-Aboriginal SLPs are similar to those encountered in other countries where Indigenous populations rep... Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1818302 Fri, 01 Aug 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1818302 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1818330&cid=s_38082_52_f&fid=38082&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18568792%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Moreno-Torres I, Torres S This paper describes early language development in a deaf Spanish child fitted with a cochlear implant (CI) when she was 1;6 years old. The girl had been exposed to Cued Speech (CS) since that age. The main aim of the research was to identify potential areas of slow language development as well as the potential benefit of CI and CS. At the beginning of this research the child was 2;6 years (she had been using the CI for 12 months). Adult-child 30-minute sessions were videotaped every week for 1 year (13-24 months of CI use), and transcribed according to CHAT norms. Measures of phonemic inventory, intelligibility, lexicon, and grammar development were obtained. Part of the data were compared with data from two normally hearing (NH) children with the sa... Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1818330 Tue, 01 Jul 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1818330 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1818329&cid=s_38082_52_f&fid=38082&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18568793%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Goral M, Libben G, Obler LK, Jarema G, Ohayon K Healthy monolingual older adults experience changes in their lexical abilities. Bilingual individuals immersed in an environment in which their second language is dominant experience lexical changes, or attrition, in their first language. Changes in lexical skills in the first language of older individuals who are bilinguals, therefore, can be attributed to the typical processes accompanying older age, the typical processes accompanying first-language attrition in bilingual contexts, or both. The challenge, then, in understanding how lexical skills change in bilingual older individuals, lies in dissociating these processes. This paper addresses the difficulty of teasing apart the effects of ageing and attrition in older bilingual... Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1818329 Tue, 01 Jul 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1818329 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1818328&cid=s_38082_52_f&fid=38082&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18568794%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Lee S, Iverson GK The purpose of this study was to acoustically examine the developmental characteristics of fundamental (f(0)) and formant frequencies (F1 and F2) in vowels produced by Korean male and female children in two age ranges (5 and 10 years of age). The study also compared formant frequency values among Korean children with those from existing English data. Results revealed that f(0) and F1 and F2 decrease as age increases. The f(0) was similar, but formant frequencies were found to differ between male and female children. In particular, F1 and F2 values differed for the low-central vowel /a/ among the four Korean groups, similar to English-speaking children, but, unlike English, F2 values of front vowels were not different between age groups in Korean. The results ... Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1818328 Tue, 01 Jul 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1818328 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1818327&cid=s_38082_52_f&fid=38082&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18568795%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Katz WF, Garst DM, Levitt J Foreign accent syndrome (FAS) is a rare disorder characterized by the emergence of a perceived foreign accent following brain damage. The symptomotology, functional bases, and neural substrates of this disorder are still being elucidated. In this case study, acoustic analyses were performed on the speech of a 46-year old monolingual female who presented with FAS of unknown aetiology. The patient had a pseudo-accent frequently described as 'Swedish' or 'Eastern European'. Stop consonant VOT, consonant burst spectra and duration, vowel durations, formant frequencies, and trajectories were analysed, along with prosodic cues for lexical stress assignment and sentence-level intonation. Results indicated VOT values were generally preserved, while there wa... Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1818327 Tue, 01 Jul 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1818327 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1818323&cid=s_38082_52_f&fid=38082&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18608236%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Ball MJ The ability to transcribe disordered speech is a vital tool for speech-language pathologists, as accurate description of a client's speech output is needed for both diagnosis and effective intervention. Clients in the speech clinic often use sounds that are not part of the target sound system and which may, in some cases, be sounds not found in natural language at all. While the IPA provides a wide range of symbols that can be used in clinical transcription, the extended IPA (extIPA) may also be needed to transcribe atypical sounds never or rarely encountered in natural language. When using the IPA and extIPA transcribers aim to show the client's productions, irrespective of the intended target. An alternative tradition of clinical transcription has grown up in the US:... Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1818323 Thu, 19 Jun 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1818323 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1818316&cid=s_38082_52_f&fid=38082&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18608243%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Mavis I The purpose of the study is first to investigate whether there is a significant difference among three study groups in terms of total content words, total nominal and verbal productions, and total nominal and verbal inflections; and secondly to analyse the most frequent words produced in relation to a picture description task. The underlying assumption is to analyse the tendency towards morpho-syntactic regression among the study groups, namely: a group of aphasics, a group of non-brain damaged adults, and a group of normally developing children still acquiring language. Participants were asked to describe two pictures of situations: one related with 'accidents' and the other with 'hospitals'. No regression was found in the group with aphasia towards the level of child... Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1818316 Wed, 11 Jun 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1818316 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1818317&cid=s_38082_52_f&fid=38082&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18608242%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Mildner V, Liker M The aim of the research was to analyse the speech of children with cochlear implants over approximately a 46-month period, and compare it with the speech of hearing controls. It focused on three categories of sounds in Croatian: vowels (F1 and F2 of /i/, /e/, /a/, /o/ and /u/), fricatives /s/ and /integral/ (spectral differences expressed in terms of center of gravity), and affricates /ts/ and /tintegral/ (accuracy, total duration, and pattern of stop-fricative components). One group of subjects were 10 implanted children who had been profoundly deaf before implantation. There were four recordings per child. Group two children were hearing controls matched for age and sex. The results show that the implanted children are closest to unimpaired children in ter... Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1818317 Tue, 10 Jun 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1818317 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1818315&cid=s_38082_52_f&fid=38082&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18608244%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Teixeira A, Nunes A, Coimbra RL, Lima R, Moutinho L Variations in voice quality are essentially related to modifications of the glottal source parameters, such as: F (0), jitter, and shimmer. Voice quality is affected by prosody, emotional state, and vocal pathologies. Psychogenic vocal pathology is particularly interesting. In the present case study, the speaker naturally presented a ventricular band voice whereas in a controlled production he was able to use a more normal phonation process. A small corpus was recorded which included sustained vowels and short sentences in both registers. A normal speaker was also recorded in similar tasks. Annotation and extraction of parameters were made using Praat's voice report function. Application of the Hoarseness Diagram to sustained... Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1818315 Fri, 06 Jun 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1818315 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1818326&cid=s_38082_52_f&fid=38082&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18608233%26dopt%3DAbstract This study focused on developmental paths in vowel productions. The applied automated band filtering analysis is F (0)-independent and results in a spectral envelope, sampled in a 40-dimensional space. Via a Principal Component Analysis (PCA, data reduction), a vowel space for normally hearing 2-year-olds was constructed, enabling the projection of the individual developmental data of the infants in a two-dimensional reference plane. Comparison of the results for the hearing and the deaf infants over 2 years indicates individual as well as group differences. The amount of hearing loss as well as the communication styles seem to be important factors in explaining differences between the infant categories. PMID: 18608233 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Clinical Linguistics a... Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1818326 Thu, 05 Jun 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1818326 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1818312&cid=s_38082_52_f&fid=38082&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18608247%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Stajner-Katusic S, Horga D, Zrinski KV The aim of the present investigation was to evaluate the acoustic parameters, perceptual estimation, and self-estimation of voice before, 1 month after, and 6 years after surgical removal of a vocal fold polyp. Subjects were five male patients who came to the Phoniatric Clinic because of breathiness. For all patients, a polyp of one vocal fold was diagnosed. The operation was performed using cold instruments based on the principles of contemporary phonosurgery aiming maximally at preserving the phonatory bridge of the vocal fold. The subjects were recorded in a sound-proof booth three times: before surgery, 1 month post-, and 6 years post-operation. The patients read a short tale and they pronounced a sustained vowel /a/. The following va... Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1818312 Thu, 05 Jun 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1818312 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1818314&cid=s_38082_52_f&fid=38082&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18608245%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Varosanec-Skaric G Based on voice-history data, a chi(2) test was used to investigate the difference between students of acting (n = 45) and other students (n = 45). A t-test was used to calculate the differences in acoustic parameters between the two groups. It was expected that students of acting spent significantly more time practicing voice exercises, took more acting instructions, and generally spoke more in larger rooms and did warm up exercises (p<.001). However, it was not expected that they smoked more than non-professionals (p = .003), and that they drank alcoholic drinks as much as other students. Male students of acting had significantly lower f (0) SD means (p = .015), which means that they had a more stable pitch throughout phonation. Students of acting also s... Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1818314 Mon, 02 Jun 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1818314 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1818335&cid=s_38082_52_f&fid=38082&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18484282%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Putzer M, Barry WJ The present study deals with the dimensions of normal and pathological phonation. Separation of normal voices from pathological voices is tested under different aspects. Using a new parametrization of voice-quality properties in the acoustic signal, the vowel productions of 534 speakers (267 M, 267 F) without any reported voice pathology and the productions of 534 gender-matched pathological speakers were considered. In a first step, a gender-specific separation of the two groups is supported by a number of significantly different parameter means. In a second step, a clustering technique differentiates three subgroups within each group and gender on the basis of the acoustic parameters. Further, a statistical examination of the correct assignment in the data... Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1818335 Sun, 01 Jun 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1818335 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1818334&cid=s_38082_52_f&fid=38082&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18484283%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Yavas M, Ben-David A, Gerrits E, Kristoffersen KE, Simonsen HG This paper examines the findings and implications of the cross-linguistic acquisition of #sC clusters in relation to sonority patterns. Data from individual studies on English, Dutch, Norwegian, and Hebrew are compared for accuracy of production as well as the reductions with respect to potential differences across subtypes of #sC groups. In all four languages, a great deal of variability occurred both within and across children, but a number of general patterns were noted. While all four languages showed similar behaviour in reduction patterns, clear differences between the three Germanic languages-English, Dutch, and Norwegian-and Hebrew were found in the accuracy rate of #sC clusters that have a larger sonority ... Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1818334 Sun, 01 Jun 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1818334 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1818333&cid=s_38082_52_f&fid=38082&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18484284%26dopt%3DAbstract This article reviews research on speech and language abilities in people with cri du chat syndrome (CCS). CCS is a rare genetic disorder, with an estimated incidence between 1 in 15,000 and 1 in 50,000 births, resulting from a deletion on the short arm of chromosome 5. In general, individuals have delayed speech and language development, and some never develop spoken language. Their receptive language is better than their expressive language, although both are delayed. Regarding phonetics and phonology, substitutions, omissions, and distortions are frequent; consonant inventories are small; syllable shapes are restricted; and vowels are variable and overlap with each other acoustically. Persons with CCS have been found to inflect words from all major word classes. Little is known about syn... Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1818333 Sun, 01 Jun 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1818333 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1818332&cid=s_38082_52_f&fid=38082&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18484285%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Sanz-Torrent M, Serrat E, Andreu L, Serra M In this article we examine language processing and development in Catalan or Spanish-speaking children with SLI, focusing on the study of the verb. We analyse the key initial phase of its process of acquisition and aim to define common features of the SLI group that distinguish them from children with normal language development. We intend to identify more precisely the kind of delay shown by these children in a language with a rich verb morphology, in terms of both structure and chronology. The sample comprised 18 Catalan-Spanish bilingual pre-school children, assigned to three groups of six; an SLI group and two control groups, one matched for age and the other matched for MLU-w. Developmental data were obtained by recording situat... Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1818332 Sun, 01 Jun 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1818332 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1818331&cid=s_38082_52_f&fid=38082&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18484286%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Spencer KA, Wiley E Priming paradigms make it possible to study the nature of response preparation before the onset of movement. One way to examine this process is through manipulation of the interstimulus interval (ISI). The timing of the prime and target presentation has been shown to have distinct effects on reaction time patterns, in both healthy and neurologically impaired individuals, during cognitive task switching paradigms and semantic priming studies. What is unclear, however, are the effects of ISI durations on response priming paradigms. In the present study, ISIs of five durations were manipulated within a speech response priming paradigm to investigate reaction time patterns in 25 healthy adults. Results suggested that ISIs have a significant influence on the mag... Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1818331 Sun, 01 Jun 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1818331 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1818322&cid=s_38082_52_f&fid=38082&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18608237%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Erdeljac V, Sekulic M This paper examines the relative values of syntactic-semantic relationships in the mental lexicon of aphasic patients, which were tested within syntagmatic and paradigmatic networks of lexical relations. Semantic relations, such as synonymy, antonomy, and hyperonymy, as well as collocational and coordinational syntactic-semantic relations, were examined simultaneously. Twenty-five subjects diagnosed with nominal aphasia were tested, as well as a control group of 20 healthy subjects. The control group was matched with the aphasic group in terms of dominant hemisphere, age, sex, and job. A naming test based on semantic context was used in this research. The test was presented orally to subjects. After the examiner had read a sentence, subjects were supposed... Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1818322 Tue, 27 May 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1818322 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1818321&cid=s_38082_52_f&fid=38082&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18608238%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Halpern O, Tobin Y 'Non-vocalization' (N-V) is a newly described phonological error process in hearing impaired speakers. In N-V the hearing impaired person actually articulates the phoneme but without producing a voice. The result is an error process looking as if it is produced but sounding as if it is omitted. N-V was discovered by video recording the speech of two groups, profoundly and severely hearing impaired adults in four elicitation tasks of varying difficulty, and analysing 2065 phonological error processes (substitutions, omissions, and N-V) according to 24 criteria resulting in 49,560 data points. Results, which are discussed in view of the theory 'Phonology as Human Behaviour' (PHB), indicate that: (a) The more communicative the error process was; the more effort... Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1818321 Mon, 19 May 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1818321 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1818318&cid=s_38082_52_f&fid=38082&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18608241%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Oi M This paper examined the processes that resulted in an adult failing to comprehend the intentions of a boy with high-functioning autism. In a dyadic conversation between an adult and a young boy, the adult used questions to elicit clarification of intentions. The boy's responses were examined frame-by-frame using videotape microanalysis. Two causes of adult misunderstanding were formulaic use of words that confused the listener and directional gaze away from the listener. Questions that used interrogatives often failed to clarify the intention of the boy and yes/no questions appeared suitable to clarify his intention. However, success or failure to clarify an intention was not based solely on differences in the question format. Differences in question content may also have... Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1818318 Mon, 19 May 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1818318 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1818319&cid=s_38082_52_f&fid=38082&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18608240%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Hammer CS, Lawrence FR, Miccio AW The purpose of the investigation was to examine the developmental trajectories of bilingual preschoolers' comprehension of Spanish and English and to determine whether a lengthy summer vacation impacted children's development during the preschool years. Participants included 83 bilingual children who were followed over a 2-year period during which time children attended a federally funded preschool programme for children from low-income homes living in the US. Children were divided into two groups based on whether their scores on receptive language measures increased or decreased during their first year of Head Start. Results revealed that children whose scores increased experienced positive growth in their language comprehension in Spanish an... Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1818319 Wed, 23 Apr 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1818319 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1818320&cid=s_38082_52_f&fid=38082&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18608239%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Damico JS, Wilson BT, Simmons-Mackie NN, Tetnowski JA As a follow-up to previous research, this report focuses on the wide range of gestures employed by an individual with aphasia to overcome instances of unintelligibility and re-establish intelligibility. The gestures observed are woven seamlessly into the fabric of the interactions and range from deictic to metaphorical or symbolic in nature. Specific examples are provided. PMID: 18608239 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics) Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1818320 Wed, 16 Apr 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1818320 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1818310&cid=s_38082_52_f&fid=38082&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18608249%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Van Borsel J, De Maesschalck D For clinicians treating transsexual clients it is important to address primarily those characteristics whose modification is most relevant to the creation of the desired gender presentation. The present study investigated the extent to which a modification of speech rate is warranted in male-to-female transsexuals. Comparison of speech rate measured in 100 non-transsexual males, 100 non-transsexual females, and 28 individuals with a confirmed diagnosis of male-to-female gender dysphoria showed no significant differences. This result suggests that a modification of overall speech rate in male-to-female transsexuals is not really indicated but does not exclude that speech rate in males and females is perceived differently by listeners or that gende... Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1818310 Tue, 08 Apr 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1818310 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1818309&cid=s_38082_52_f&fid=38082&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18608250%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Sowden H, Perkins M, Clegg J Recent interest in gesture has led to an understanding of the development of gesture and speech in typically developing young children. Research suggests that initially gesture and speech form two independent systems which combine together temporally and semantically before children enter the two-word period of language development. However, little is known about gesture development in children's disordered speech. This paper presents two case studies of young children with autism. The children are under 3 years of age and attend an intervention programme to facilitate their social and communication development. Early indications suggest that whilst both gesture and speech development is delayed in children with Autistic Spectrum Disorders (ASD), t... Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1818309 Tue, 08 Apr 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1818309 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1818308&cid=s_38082_52_f&fid=38082&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18608251%26dopt%3DAbstract This study applies the tools provided by Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL) to the description of patterns in a conversation between a person with dementia and a person without. It shows how, in the presence of, on the one hand, considerable communicative and cognitive deficits, and on the other, a collaborative interlocutor, a person with dementia succeeds in leading and sustaining a lengthy conversation, and of constructing for himself a positive role in the interaction, namely that of the elder advising a much younger man. PMID: 18608251 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics) Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1818308 Tue, 08 Apr 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1818308 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1818393&cid=s_38082_52_f&fid=38082&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17852152%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Maillart C, Parisse C In a previous study, Parisse suggested that subject dislocations in French language (e.g. "la fille elle dort") could be considered as a marker of morphosyntactic development in children with normal language development. The present study aimed to develop this proposition and to confirm it with experimental data, more specifically the fact that this development would go through a four-step process. Our prediction was that children would produce forms that correspond to successive steps in the developmental process (for example, forms [1] and [2], or [2] and [3]), but not forms that were very different (for example, forms [1] and [4], or [2] and [4]). In order to test this hypothesis, a sentence repetition task was administrated to 27 children aged 4 to 5.... Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1818393 Tue, 01 Apr 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1818393 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1818390&cid=s_38082_52_f&fid=38082&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17882688%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Tommerdahl J, Drew M This paper examines identical 12-year-old twins with language difficulties, one of whom falls into the diagnostic remit of SLI while the others does not due to IQ differences. Further diagnostic testing was carried out and their language was analysed to determine whether their diagnosis were reflected by different linguistic abilities. Results show a strong similarity in linguistic profiles, leading to a questioning of IQ use in SLI diagnosis. PMID: 17882688 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics) Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1818390 Tue, 01 Apr 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1818390 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1818351&cid=s_38082_52_f&fid=38082&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18415725%26dopt%3DAbstract This study reviews the literature and tests the hypothesis that receptive vocabulary is associated with socio-economic status. The BPVS-II was administered to 76 typically-developing children aged 4 to 11, classified according to deprivation category, in Edinburgh, Scotland. The results showed no significant correlation between the two measures. Error patterns within the results are examined to discover why there should be discrepancy between them and the findings of other studies. The interaction between word frequency and the items used in the BPVS-II is examined, and implications for the use of the BPVS-II with all children of primary school age are discussed. PMID: 18415725 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics) Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1818351 Tue, 01 Apr 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1818351 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1818350&cid=s_38082_52_f&fid=38082&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18415726%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Gatt D, Letts C, Klee T Since norms for vocabulary acquisition in Maltese children do not yet exist, documentation of productive vocabulary acquisition may contribute to establishing a baseline of lexical development. Clinical implications may thus be derived. The current study is a small-scale investigation of the proportions of Maltese and English lexemes in the vocabularies of ten normally-developing Maltese children aged between 12 and 30 months. The participants were primarily exposed to Maltese within their immediate environments, while receiving indirect exposure to English. Outcomes of parental report and language sampling were analysed for evidence of a bilingual dimension in these children's productive vocabularies. Translation equivalents were reported on by parents... Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1818350 Tue, 01 Apr 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1818350 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1818349&cid=s_38082_52_f&fid=38082&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18415727%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Damico JS, Nelson RL, Damico H, Abendroth K, Scott J Employing an interactional analysis and focusing on the complexity of meaning making, this study investigates the uses of several types of avoidance strategies generated by a language-disordered boy who is struggling with literacy. The results suggest that these avoidance strategies may function as compensatory adaptations that assist him in overcoming his literacy limitations so that he can still sustain effective social action even within contexts where his literacy difficulties are highlighted. There are both theoretical and practical implications for these findings. PMID: 18415727 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics) Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1818349 Tue, 01 Apr 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1818349 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1818348&cid=s_38082_52_f&fid=38082&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18415728%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Nelson RL, Damico JS, Smith SK This paper presents a research report on an investigation into the reading eye movements of a bilingual 10-year, 10-month old girl with language impairment secondary to Downs Syndrome. Eye movement miscue analysis (Paulson, 2000) was employed to evaluate the visual sampling and oral productions of this child as she read from complete texts presented in Spanish and English. Results are presented in relationship to misconceptions manifest in the clinical practice of intervention providers. Based upon the research and this data, readers do not fixate on every word and the miscues they produce are not the result of failing to fixate on the text. PMID: 18415728 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics) Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1818348 Tue, 01 Apr 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1818348 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1818347&cid=s_38082_52_f&fid=38082&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18415729%26dopt%3DAbstract This study investigates the difference between expressive and receptive language skills in a sample of 17 children with specific reading difficulty aged between 7 and 12 years. They were administered a battery of two receptive and two expressive language measures. The results showed that as the neuro-anatomical model would predict, the children scored significantly lower on tests of receptive than on tests of expressive language skills. PMID: 18415729 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics) Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1818347 Tue, 01 Apr 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1818347 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1818346&cid=s_38082_52_f&fid=38082&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18415730%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Ahlsén E The role of embodiment in communication is attracting an increased interest. This interest is to some extent caused by hypotheses and findings concerning mirror neurons in macaques, that is, neurons that are activated by production as well as perception of, for example, a certain movement of action. Mirror neurons seem to provide a fairly simple mechanism for acting, perceiving, imitating and pantomime, which could be crucial to the development of human communication and language. A number of theories try to extend similar ideas in describing human embodied communication. Some of the consequences of these theories are: (1) the close relation between speech and gestures; (2) the close relation between speech/language and praxis; and (3) the reconsideration of the ... Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1818346 Tue, 01 Apr 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1818346 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1818345&cid=s_38082_52_f&fid=38082&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18415731%26dopt%3DAbstract This study analyses two distinctive test response forms made by two agrammatic speakers, and discusses whether they might be strategic adaptations to testing rather than symptoms of impairment. PMID: 18415731 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics) Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1818345 Tue, 01 Apr 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1818345 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1818344&cid=s_38082_52_f&fid=38082&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18415732%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Newton C, Chiat S, Hald L Methods used to assess children's speech perception and recognition in the clinical setting are out of step with current methods used to investigate these experimentally. Traditional methods of assessing speech discrimination, such as picture pointing, yield accuracy scores which may fail to detect subtle perceptual difficulties. This paper will report a novel method of assessing speech input processing that uses measurement of children's eye movements to provide information on speed and confidence as well as accuracy in discriminating phonological contrasts. Participants were typically developing children aged 2-7 years. Pairs of pictures representing auditory minimal pairs which varied in type and degree of phonological contrast were presented on a ... Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1818344 Tue, 01 Apr 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1818344 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1818343&cid=s_38082_52_f&fid=38082&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18415733%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Pappas NW, McLeod S, McAllister L, McKinnon DH A survey of 277 speech language pathologists (SLPs) investigated beliefs and practice regarding parents' involvement in service planning and delivery for children with speech impairment. Although the SLPs frequently involved parents in service delivery for speech intervention, parental involvement in service planning was less frequent. SLPs working in educational settings involved parents to a lesser extent than SLPs working in health settings and private practice. More experienced SLPs involved parents less in decision-making. A gap between the SLPs' beliefs and practice was found, with stated beliefs not always reflecting practice. 40% of respondents were unhappy with the level of parental involvement and perceived workplace, pe... Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1818343 Tue, 01 Apr 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1818343 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1818342&cid=s_38082_52_f&fid=38082&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18415734%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: James DG, van Doorn J, McLeod S Poor polysyllabic word (PSW) production seems to mark paediatric speech impairment as well as impairment in language, literacy and phonological processing. As impairment in these domains may only manifest in PSWs, PSW production may provide unique information that is often excluded from clinical decision making because insufficient PSWs are included in speech tests. A 5-stage model of PSW acquisition is described. The model, grounded in optimality theory, expresses a reciprocal relationship between the relaxation of markedness constraints and the contraction of faithfulness constraints from 12 months of age to adolescence. The markedness constraints that persist to the age of 7;11 years are associated with non-final weak syllables and within-wor... Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1818342 Tue, 01 Apr 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1818342 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1818341&cid=s_38082_52_f&fid=38082&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18415735%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: van Doorn J, Bergh I, Brunnegård K Standardized passages used for speech nasalance measures may be too long for clinical use with very young or non-compliant patients. The aim of this study was to establish whether nasalance scores from shorter sections of three Swedish speech stimuli were equivalent to those from their corresponding whole stimulus. Nasalance recordings for three Swedish speech stimuli (oral, nasal and oronasal) were obtained from 29 typically developing Swedish children (7-11 years). Cumulative sentence combinations were evaluated for equivalence to their respective whole passages according to two different criteria: one based on t-testing and the other on cumulative frequencies of score differences. Results showed that shorter sequences of sentences cou... Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1818341 Tue, 01 Apr 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1818341 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1818340&cid=s_38082_52_f&fid=38082&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18415736%26dopt%3DAbstract This study aimed to find out what intonation features reliably represent the emotions of "liking" as opposed to "disliking" in the Spanish language, with a view to designing a prosody assessment procedure for use with children with speech and language disorders. 18 intonationally different prosodic realisations (tokens) of one word (limón) were recorded by one native Spanish speaker. The tokens were deemed representative of two categories of emotion: liking or disliking of the taste "lemon". 30 native Spanish speakers assigned them to the two categories and rated their expressiveness on a six-point scale. For all tokens except two, agreement between judges as to category was highly significant, some tokens attracting 100% agreement. The intonation contours most related to expressivene... Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1818340 Tue, 01 Apr 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1818340 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1818339&cid=s_38082_52_f&fid=38082&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18415737%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Rødvik AK The aim of this pilot study was to identify the most common speech sound confusions of 5 Norwegian cochlear implanted post-lingually deafened adults. We played recorded nonwords, aCa, iCi and bVb, to our informants, asked them to repeat what they heard, recorded their repetitions and transcribed these phonetically. We arranged the collected data in confusion matrices to find the most common and most uncommon speech sound confusions. We found that the voiced and unvoiced consonants are seldom confused. We also found that there was a higher rate of consonant confusion for the iCi words than for the aCa words. The most frequent confusion was [eta] perceived as [n], [m] perceived as [n] and [upsilon] perceived as [n]. For the consonants, manner of articulation was r... Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1818339 Tue, 01 Apr 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1818339 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1818338&cid=s_38082_52_f&fid=38082&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18415738%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Chung FH, Leung MT Metalinguistic awareness (an awareness about the structure of orthography) had been considered vital for reading acquisition. The awareness of phonological regularity and consistency had been found in advanced readers in recent research. Evidence based on simplified Chinese suggested the effect of semantic transparency on reading in school readers. Studies based on traditional Chinese also reported that reading acquisition, including the development of metalinguistic awareness, is affected by script, properties of characters in school curricula, approaches and strategies of reading training. This paper reports the comparison between corpora of simplified Chinese characters based on primary school textbooks and the updated Hong Kong Corpus of Primary School C... Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1818338 Tue, 01 Apr 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1818338 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1818337&cid=s_38082_52_f&fid=38082&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18415739%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Fuks O, Tobin Y The purpose of the present research is to examine which of the two factors: (1) the iconic-semiotic factor; or (2) the human-phonetic factor is more relevant in explaining the appearance and distribution of the hand shape B-bent in Israeli Sign Language (ISL). The B-bent shape has been the subject of much attention in sign language research revolving around the question of its status as a phoneme. The arguments supporting the phonemic status of the B-bent hand shape have been primarily based on the semiotic opposition between the hand shape B and the hand shape B-bent. It has been claimed that in Italian Sign Language the hand shape B is perceptually distinct from the hand shape B-bent, i.e. in opposition to the general, neutral, unmarked meaning of the hand sh... Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1818337 Tue, 01 Apr 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1818337 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1818336&cid=s_38082_52_f&fid=38082&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18415740%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Wium K, Kristoffersen KE It has been observed that persons with Cri du chat syndrome (CDCS) have poor language production. However, very few studies have addressed the question whether all aspects of language production are equally afflicted, or whether there are differences between for instance phonological and morphological abilities. The present study was aimed at investigating to what extent persons with CDCS inflect verbs, and, if so, which inflectional patterns in the target language they make use of, and further what kinds of inflectional errors they make. We compared the performance of three subjects (aged 11, 15 and 22) with CDCS on a past tense elicitation task. We found that all three subjects inflected verbs. The number of correct responses, however, varied from 28... Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1818336 Tue, 01 Apr 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1818336 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1818355&cid=s_38082_52_f&fid=38082&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18307084%26dopt%3DAbstract This study replicated and expanded earlier findings. Eleven children with speech disorders and age-and gender-matched controls participated in non-word imitation, clapped rhythm imitation, and paced repetitive tapping tasks. Results suggest a central timing deficit, expressed in both the oral and the limb modality, and observable in two different types of timing measures, overall rhythmic structures and small-scale durations. Associations among timing measures were strongest in the participants with speech disorders, who also showed lower timing accuracy than the controls in all measures. The number of observed CAS characteristics was associated with timing deficits. PMID: 18307084 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics) Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1818355 Sat, 01 Mar 2008 05:00:00 +0100 1818355 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1818354&cid=s_38082_52_f&fid=38082&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18307085%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Watts CR, Awan SN, Marler JA The human elastin gene (ELN) is responsible for the generation of elastic fibres in the extracellular matrix of connective tissue throughout the body, including the vocal folds. Individuals with Supravalvular aortic stenosis (SVAS) and Williams syndrome (WS) lack one normal ELN allele due to heterozygous ELN abnormalities, resulting in a haploinsufficiency. We measured perceptual and acoustic characteristics of voice quality in individuals with SVAS and WS to investigate the consequences to vocal function secondary to ELN haploinsufficiency. Results indicated that the voice quality of individuals with SVAS/WS was rated as significantly more abnormal, rough, and hoarse compared to normal controls, and that adults with SVAS/WS were rated as significa... Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1818354 Sat, 01 Mar 2008 05:00:00 +0100 1818354 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1818353&cid=s_38082_52_f&fid=38082&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18307086%26dopt%3DAbstract This study investigated whether proficient tracheoesophageal and oesophageal speakers consistently convey phrase boundaries. It was further investigated if these alaryngeal speakers used the same hierarchy of acoustic boundary cues that is found in normal speakers. A perception experiment revealed that listeners identified prosodic boundaries less accurately in oesophageal speakers. Acoustic analyses showed that laryngeal speakers used pre-boundary lengthening and pitch movements at phrase boundaries, as expected. Tracheoesophageal speakers used pre-boundary-lengthening and pauses and oesophageal speakers used pauses to convey phrase boundaries. Two oesophageal speakers also paused inappropriately, within phrases. Although these two speakers differentiated between air-injection and prosodi... Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1818353 Sat, 01 Mar 2008 05:00:00 +0100 1818353 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1818352&cid=s_38082_52_f&fid=38082&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18307087%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Kim J, Chin SB This paper investigates patterns of error production in 10 children who use cochlear implants, focusing specifically on the acquisition of obstruents. Two broad patterns of production errors are investigated, fortition (or strengthening) errors and lenition (or weakening) errors. It is proposed that fortition error patterns tend to be related to the process of phonological development, because they are involved with universal implications and notions of markedness. Lenition error patterns, on the other hand, show more context-sensitive effects and reflect properties related to minimization of articulatory effort. The relationship between fortition and markedness is demonstrated in an optimality theoretic analysis, and it is further demonstrated that the observed... Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1818352 Sat, 01 Mar 2008 05:00:00 +0100 1818352 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1818380&cid=s_38082_52_f&fid=38082&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17896213%26dopt%3DAbstract This study examined early vocal production to assess whether it is possible to identify predictors of vocabulary development prior to the age point at which lexical delay is usually identified. Characteristics of babbling and first words in 12 Italian children with slow expressive development (late talkers; LT) were compared with those of 12 typically developing (TD) peers. Syllable structure and phonetic characteristics of babbling and first words produced by both groups of children at 20 months were analysed during mother-child play sessions. Results indicated that phonetic complexity and number of consonantal types were lower in the LT group. The two groups also differed in their use of sound classes and their syllable structure. Overall, it can be said that LTs development is similar t... Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1818380 Fri, 01 Feb 2008 05:00:00 +0100 1818380 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1818361&cid=s_38082_52_f&fid=38082&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18253869%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Behrns I, Ahlsén E, Wengelin A Most of the previous research on aphasia and writing ability concentrates on the production of words in isolation. The purpose of the current study was to examine the process of producing written texts by clients with aphasia. By using keystroke logging, it was possible to analyse the participants' ongoing work during text writing. Results showed that the participants with aphasia composed their texts in what may be described as a linear way. Edits concerning syntax or text structure were almost absent in the subjects' data, but they spent much time and effort on revising smaller units of text, that is, letters and words, possibly as a result of changing their minds or not being able to realize their intentions. However, these changes did no... Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1818361 Fri, 01 Feb 2008 05:00:00 +0100 1818361 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1818360&cid=s_38082_52_f&fid=38082&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18253870%26dopt%3DAbstract This study examined whether children's use of subject relative clauses differs as a function of their English dialect (African American English, AAE vs. Southern White English, SWE vs. Mainstream American English, MAE) and clinical diagnosis (specific language impairment, SLI vs. typically developing, TD). The data were spontaneous language samples from 87 AAE- and 53 SWE-speaking children, aged 3 to 6 years. Data on MAE came from previously published studies. Results were that the TD child speakers of AAE and SWE presented similar rates and types of subject relative clauses within their samples, but the rates at which they supplied the relative marker within these clauses varied from those that have been reported for TD child speakers of MAE. Nevertheless, across both AAE and SWE, the rat... Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1818360 Fri, 01 Feb 2008 05:00:00 +0100 1818360 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1818359&cid=s_38082_52_f&fid=38082&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18253871%26dopt%3DAbstract This study tests Pan and Snyder's prediction in disordered speech. Their prediction is supported by the data of seven English-speaking children with phonological delays. None of the children acquired /s/-initial clusters before branching rhymes. Implications for phonological intervention are discussed in light of the finding. PMID: 18253871 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics) Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1818359 Fri, 01 Feb 2008 05:00:00 +0100 1818359 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1818358&cid=s_38082_52_f&fid=38082&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18253872%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Liker M, Gibbon FE This paper provides a more detailed description of normal tongue palate contact patterns for the occlusion phase of velar stops than currently exists. The study used electropalatography (EPG) to record seven normally speaking adults' contact patterns of voiceless velar stops in nine VkV contexts. A variety of EPG indices measured: per cent complete closures across the palate; place of articulation; articulatory distance between /k/ and /t/; and amount of contact. Complete EPG closure occurred in the majority (81%) of tokens. Some speakers almost always had complete closures regardless of context, whereas other speakers produced them only with high front vowels. As expected, place of articulation and amount of contact were heavily influenced by vowel context.... Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1818358 Fri, 01 Feb 2008 05:00:00 +0100 1818358 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1818357&cid=s_38082_52_f&fid=38082&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18253873%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Bernhardt MB, Bacsfalvi P, Adler-Bock M, Shimizu R, Cheney A, Giesbrecht N, O'connell M, Sirianni J, Radanov B Ultrasound has shown promise as a visual feedback tool in speech therapy. Rural clients, however, often have minimal access to new technologies. The purpose of the current study was to evaluate consultative treatment using ultrasound in rural communities. Two speech-language pathologists (SLPs) trained in ultrasound use provided consultation with ultrasound in rural British Columbia to 13 school-aged children with residual speech impairments. Local SLPs provided treatment without ultrasound before and after the consultation. Speech samples were transcribed phonetically by independent trained listeners. Eleven children showed greater gains in production of the principa... Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1818357 Fri, 01 Feb 2008 05:00:00 +0100 1818357 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1818356&cid=s_38082_52_f&fid=38082&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18253874%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Howell P Van Borsel, Dor, and Rondal (2007) examined the speech of seven boys and two young male adults with fragile X syndrome and considered whether their speech was comparable to that reported in the developmental stuttering literature. They listed five criteria which led them to conclude that the speech patterns of speakers with fragile X syndrome differed from those observed in developmental stuttering. The differences noted were: 1) distribution of type of dysfluency; 2) the class of word on which dysfluency occurred; 3) whether word length affected dysfluency; 4) number of times words and phrases were repeated; and 5) whether there were influences of material type on fluency (spontaneous speech, repeated material etc.). They concluded that the speech of speakers with fr... Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1818356 Fri, 01 Feb 2008 05:00:00 +0100 1818356 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1818381&cid=s_38082_52_f&fid=38082&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17896212%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Van Borsel J, Dor O, Rondal J The present study investigated the dysfluencies in the speech of nine French speaking individuals with fragile X syndrome. Type, number, and loci of dysfluencies were analysed. The study confirms that dysfluencies are a common feature of the speech of individuals with fragile X syndrome but also indicates that the dysfluency pattern displayed is not identical to developmental stuttering. To what extent the pattern of dysfluency in individuals with fragile X syndrome is syndrome specific is not yet clear. PMID: 17896212 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics) Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1818381 Tue, 01 Jan 2008 05:00:00 +0100 1818381 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1818366&cid=s_38082_52_f&fid=38082&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18092217%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Poore MA, Ferguson SH This preliminary study explored changes in prosodic variability during choral reading and investigated whether these changes are affected by the method of eliciting choral reading. Ten typical adult talkers recorded three reading materials (poetry, fiction and textbook) in three reading conditions: solo (reading aloud alone), track (reading aloud with a recording), and choral (reading aloud with another live talker). Measurements of fundamental frequency, amplitude, and vowel duration variability were performed. Compared to solo reading, choral reading featured decreased variability of fundamental frequency, amplitude, and vowel duration. In track reading, only decreased fundamental frequency variability was observed, while vowel duration variability incr... Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1818366 Tue, 01 Jan 2008 05:00:00 +0100 1818366 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1818365&cid=s_38082_52_f&fid=38082&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18092218%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Luo F, Timler GR Studies suggest that the oral narratives of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are less organized than those of typically developing peers. Many studies, however, do not account for children's language abilities. Because language impairment (LI) is a frequent comorbid condition in children with ADHD, this exploratory study investigated language abilities and narrative organization skills in children with and without ADHD. Narratives were elicited using the picture-sequence task and the single-picture task from the Test of Narrative Language (Gillam & Pearson, 2004). The causal network model (Trabasso, Van den Broek, & Suh, 1989) was applied to analyse the narratives. Specifically, narratives were examined to identify complete... Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1818365 Tue, 01 Jan 2008 05:00:00 +0100 1818365 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1818364&cid=s_38082_52_f&fid=38082&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18092219%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, we examined the influence of child gender and sociocultural (SCL) factors in language production. Subjects were French Parisian children in nine age groups (24, 27, 30, 33, 36, 39, 42, 45 and 48 months). A total of 316 language samples were recorded during a 20-min standardized play session. Measures of grammatical and lexical development included Mean Length of Utterance (MLU) and word type and token - specifically, grammatical words such as determiners, prepositions and pronouns as well as verbs. ANOVAs revealed strong influences of SCL, with children from high SCL families showing more complex lexical productions and a higher rate of development. These observations suggest that amount of exposure to language accounts for this differential rate of acquisition. Analyses als... Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1818364 Tue, 01 Jan 2008 05:00:00 +0100 1818364 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1818363&cid=s_38082_52_f&fid=38082&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18092220%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Van Borsel J, Leahy MM, Pereira MB In order to test the hypothesis that closeness to the listener's native language is a determining factor when identifying stuttering in an unfamiliar language, three panels of different linguistic background were asked to make judgements of stuttering in a sample of Dutch speakers. It was found that a panel speaking Dutch and a panel speaking English (both West Germanic languages) performed better in identifying Dutch people who stutter and people who do not stutter than a panel speaking Brazilian Portuguese (a Romance language) thus confirming the existence of a closeness of language influence. Further analysis showed that when the native language is more remote from the unfamiliar language there is the possibility of a higher risk for false... Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1818363 Tue, 01 Jan 2008 05:00:00 +0100 1818363 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1818362&cid=s_38082_52_f&fid=38082&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18092221%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Dodd B, McIntosh B, Erdener D, Burnham D An example of the auditory-visual illusion in speech perception, first described by McGurk and MacDonald, is the perception of [ta] when listeners hear [pa] in synchrony with the lip movements for [ka]. One account of the illusion is that lip-read and heard speech are combined in an articulatory code since people who mispronounce words respond differently from controls on lip-reading tasks. A same-different judgment task assessing perception of the illusion showed no difference in performance between controls and children with speech difficulties. Another experiment compared children with delayed and disordered speech on perception of the illusion. While neither group perceived many illusions, a significant interaction indicated that ch... Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1818362 Tue, 01 Jan 2008 05:00:00 +0100 1818362 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1818395&cid=s_38082_52_f&fid=38082&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17852150%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Thompson J, Howard S The present study explores word boundary behaviours in the spontaneous speech of a group of 6 preschool children. Speech collected in play settings is examined for the presence of normal and atypical connected speech behaviours, and to identify specific instances of open and close word juncture behaviours. The findings suggest that developmental and adult-like features co-exist in the speech of typically-developing children and that developmental changes occur in connected speech behaviours between the ages of 2-3 years. In particular, a shift from equal numbers of close and open junctures, to a preference for close junctures is noted. Individual differences are also apparent between speakers, and these are discussed. PMID: 17852150 [PubMed - indexed f... Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1818395 Thu, 01 Nov 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1818395 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1818394&cid=s_38082_52_f&fid=38082&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17852151%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Boatman DF Recent brain mapping studies have provided new insights into the cortical systems that mediate human speech perception. Electrocortical stimulation mapping (ESM) is a brain mapping method that is used clinically to localize cortical functions in neurosurgical patients. Recent ESM studies have yielded new insights into the cortical systems that mediate speech perception and how these systems vary as a function of individual differences. ESM methods are described and findings from recent ESM studies of speech perception are reviewed. The clinical implications of these findings are discussed as they relate to current understanding of how individual differences in listening abilities are reflected in the underlying cortical representations. PMID: 17852151 [PubMed - ... Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1818394 Thu, 01 Nov 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1818394 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1818389&cid=s_38082_52_f&fid=38082&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17882689%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: McAuliffe MJ, Robb MP, Murdoch BE The study investigated adaptation to a standard electropalatographic (EPG) practise palate in a group of eight adults (mean age = 24 years). The participants read the phrase "a CVC" over four sampling conditions: prior to inserting the palate, immediately following insertion of the palate, 45 minutes after palate insertion, and 3 hours after insertion of the palate. Perceptual and acoustic analyses were conducted on the initial CV portion of the stimuli. Consonants examined included: /t/, /k/, /s/, and // followed by the /i/, /a/, and /u/ vowels. Results revealed that individuals within the group were able to adapt their speech articulation to compensate for the presence of the artificial palate. Perceptually, mild consonant imprecision was ob... Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1818389 Thu, 01 Nov 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1818389 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1818388&cid=s_38082_52_f&fid=38082&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17882690%26dopt%3DAbstract This study investigated whether a non-word repetition deficit underlies both disorders. A group of Dutch preschool SLI children and children at familial risk of dyslexia, as well as school-going groups of SLI and dyslexic children were presented with a non-word repetition task. The results showed that the SLI and the (at-risk of) dyslexia groups performed more poorly than the control children. Furthermore, with the exception of one child, all preschool SLI children scored significantly below the mean of the preschool control group, suggesting that non-word repetition performance is a marker of SLI. Approximately half of the at-risk group were poor performers, which was expected on the basis of the familial risk factor of the at-risk group. The results show that a non-word repetition defici... Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1818388 Thu, 01 Nov 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1818388