MedWorm.com provides a medical RSS filtering service. Over 6000 RSS medical sources are combined and output via different filters. This feed contains the latest items from the 'Clinical and Experimental Metastasis' source. Mon, 22 Mar 2010 13:53:08 +0100 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3366962&cid=s_33451_6_f&fid=33451&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fy747617vt588jkp6%2F Abstract  Despite the potentially crucial contributions of the omentum in the regulation of ovarian cancer metastatic growth, it remains a poorly understood organ. Due to its anatomic location and structural fragility, the omentum presents inherent challenges to mechanism-based in vivo studies. Thus, the availability of an ex vivo omental model would, in part, address some of these difficulties posed. Here we describe a technique for identifying, isolating and maintaining ex vivo cultures of omenta from immune-compromised and -competent mice. Ex vivo culture conditions were developed that maintain tissue viability, architecture, and function for up to 10 days. Further experiments demonstrate that the ex vivo culture conditions allow for the proliferation of ovarian can... Clinical and Experimental Metastasis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3366962 Sun, 14 Mar 2010 11:27:03 +0100 3366962 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3366963&cid=s_33451_6_f&fid=33451&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fx50231172tkj1l85%2F Abstract  CXCL12/CXCR4 signaling, being important in the homing of cancer cells to lungs, bone and other organs, is a promising therapeutic target. Our purpose was to determine whether a peptide-based antagonist of CXCR4 would reduce primary tumor growth and/or metastasis in a preclinical mouse model of inflammatory breast cancer. We improved an existing model of inflammatory breast cancer for this study by luciferase transfection of SUM149 cells and the monitoring of such cells in mice by imaging and the luciferase assay. We implanted 2 × 106 SUM49-Luc cells along with matrigel into the left thoracic mammary fat pad of nude mice to produce tumors. Our mouse model exhibited important features of inflammatory breast cancer, namely, aggressive local disease, local m... Clinical and Experimental Metastasis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3366963 Sun, 14 Mar 2010 11:27:02 +0100 3366963 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3363235&cid=s_33451_6_f&fid=33451&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F9246322788r2hg52%2F Abstract  Advanced metastatic disease is difficult to manage and specific therapeutic targets are rare. We showed earlier that metastatic breast cancer cells use the activated conformer of adhesion receptor integrin αvβ3 for dissemination. We now investigated if targeting this form of the receptor can impact advanced metastatic disease, and we analyzed the mechanisms involved. Treatment of advanced multi-organ metastasis in SCID mice with patient-derived scFv antibodies specific for activated integrin αvβ3 caused stagnation and regression of metastatic growth. The antibodies specifically localized to tumor lesions in vivo and inhibited αvβ3 ligand binding at nanomolar levels in vitro. At the cellular level, the scFs associated rapidly with high affinity αvβ3 and dis... Clinical and Experimental Metastasis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3363235 Fri, 12 Mar 2010 06:50:52 +0100 3363235 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3360372&cid=s_33451_6_f&fid=33451&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fd28l582m5888hg54%2F Abstract  Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death in men and women worldwide. Since the occurrence of metastases in distant organs is the major reason for mortality of cancer patients, we need to elucidate the underlying mechanisms. Many studies featuring analysis of gene expression, comparative genomic hybridization and loss of heterozygosity analysis have been performed and generated support for the hypothesis that metastatic potential is acquired early in tumorigenesis. Furthermore, it is now clear that the majority of tumor cells have the potential to metastasize. Although many changes in gene expression profiles have been established retrospectively, translational research is now a high priority to enable clinical application and treatment based on laboratory ... Clinical and Experimental Metastasis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3360372 Thu, 11 Mar 2010 18:17:45 +0100 3360372 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3355582&cid=s_33451_6_f&fid=33451&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fa45487u783816746%2F In conclusion, we have developed a novel surgical adjuvant model of metastatic OS in immunocompetent mice that closely recapitulates the clinical situation, allowing the evaluation of novel therapeutics in the context of minimal residual disease. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Research PaperDOI 10.1007/s10585-010-9318-zAuthors Joseph L. Sottnik, Colorado State University Animal Cancer Center, Department of Clinical Sciences Fort Collins CO 80523 USADawn L. Duval, Colorado State University Animal Cancer Center, Department of Clinical Sciences Fort Collins CO 80523 USAE. J. Ehrhart, Colorado State University Animal Cancer Center, Department of Clinical Sciences Fort Collins CO 80523 USADouglas H. Thamm, Colorado State University Animal Cancer Center, Department of Clinical Sci... Clinical and Experimental Metastasis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3355582 Wed, 10 Mar 2010 15:31:01 +0100 3355582 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3355583&cid=s_33451_6_f&fid=33451&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F2367631u4767u831%2F Abstract  The present study investigated the intracellular regulation of E-cadherin in ovarian carcinoma. E-cadherin expression and regulation by Snail and Pak1 were studied in ES-2 and OVCAR-3 ovarian cancer cells in vitro. Twist1, Zeb1 and Vimentin mRNA expression and HIF-1α protein expression were analyzed in 80 and 189 clinical specimens, respectively. OVCAR-3 cells incubated with an anti-E-cadherin antibody formed smaller and looser spheroids compared to controls. Snail silencing using Small Hairpin RNA in ES-2 cells reduced invasion and MMP-2 activity, with unaltered cellular morphology. Using dominant negative (DN) and constitutively active (CA) Pak1 constructs, we found that DN Pak1 ES-2 and OVCAR-3 clones had reduced attachment to matrix proteins, invasion and MMP-... Clinical and Experimental Metastasis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3355583 Wed, 10 Mar 2010 15:31:00 +0100 3355583 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3323732&cid=s_33451_6_f&fid=33451&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Frv6t25r0n6215l36%2F Abstract  The aim of this study was to assess the intratumoral and peritumoral distribution of lymphatic vessel density (LVD) and lymphatic vessel invasion (LVI) in colorectal cancer and their relationships with patients’ clinicopathological characteristics and survival. Paraffin sections of 81 primary colorectal cancers were examined by immunohistochemical staining using monoclonal antibody D2-40. Peritumoral LVD was significantly higher than intratumoral LVD (P = 0.000). Both intratumoral LVD and peritumoral LVD were correlated with the presence of LVI (P = 0.006 and P = 0.003, respectively). LVI, intratumoral LVI and peritumoral LVI were identified, respectively in 38, 28 and 32% of the samples investigated. Both intratumoral LVI and peritum... Clinical and Experimental Metastasis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3323732 Mon, 01 Mar 2010 18:10:01 +0100 3323732 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3312736&cid=s_33451_6_f&fid=33451&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Flu0305w765w34612%2F Abstract  Data from animal studies indicate that platelets play a key role in tumor dissemination and metastasis. We therefore hypothesized that metastastic cancer patients may display a specific platelet phenotype. Percentage of activated, p-selectin positive platelets as well as platelet contents (i.e., plasma and platelet count-corrected serum levels of VEGF-A, CXCL12, CXCL4, and thrombospondin-1) were analyzed in 43 patients with newly diagnosed metastatic disease prior to treatment. Tumor patients had increased platelet counts and significantly elevated percentages of activated platelets. Moreover, the platelet content of VEGF-A in cancer patients was significantly increased compared to healthy controls, while thrombospondin-1, CXCL12 and CXCL4 were significantly decrea... Clinical and Experimental Metastasis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3312736 Thu, 25 Feb 2010 06:55:43 +0100 3312736 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3308103&cid=s_33451_6_f&fid=33451&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fwl8n14661q995432%2F Abstract  A large-scale gene expression study of melanoma metastases was performed to identify genes involved in late-stage tumor progression. Overall 248 genes, out of more than 47,000 tested, are differentially expressed when comparing peripheral areas (invasion front) with central tumor areas of melanoma metastases. As determined by gene ontology analysis, members of the STAT signaling pathway show significant enrichment. In particular, Stat1 is highly expressed in peripheral compared with central tumor areas. In line with this, stable knockdown of STAT1 in metastatic melanoma cells significantly impairs their migratory and invasive capacity in wounding and matrigel assays. Moreover, STAT1 knockdown affects the metastatic behavior of melanoma cells in a mouse model of mel... Clinical and Experimental Metastasis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3308103 Wed, 24 Feb 2010 06:58:17 +0100 3308103 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3308102&cid=s_33451_6_f&fid=33451&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fw30058r37t7164x4%2F In this study, we examined FAK and phosphorylated FAK Tyr397 expression in a large series of HCCs. We found that both FAK and phosphorylated FAK Tyr397 were overexpressed in HCC samples and HCC cell lines. Increased FAK and phosphorylated FAK Tyr397 expressions were correlated with tumor stage, vascular invasion and intrahepatic metastasis in HCC. Furthermore, HCC cell adhesion, migration and invasion were substantially impaired by siRNA-mediated knockdown of FAK expression, whereas cell growth, apoptosis and cell cycle distribution were not affected. In addition, depletion of FAK induced a significant reduction in expressions and activities of both MMP-2 and MMP-9. Taken together, FAK contributes to invasion and metastasis of HCC partly through regulating expressions and activations... Clinical and Experimental Metastasis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3308102 Wed, 24 Feb 2010 06:58:17 +0100 3308102 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3303647&cid=s_33451_6_f&fid=33451&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fk075425j67041165%2F Abstract  It was expected that with the advent of genomics, oncology may defeat the deadliest forms of cancer including malignant melanoma, but the past years have indicated that this is not the case. Despite the stunning success of genomics in defining markers or gene signatures for breast cancer prognosis and predicting therapies, there is virtually no progression in malignant melanoma. This is happening when experimental oncology or metastasis research is using several rodent and human melanoma models, when our knowledge on the metastatic cascade is actually derived from these models. Our critical analysis of these studies revealed several factors which might be responsible for this failure. First, it is evident, that these studies must be based on rigorous sample collec... Clinical and Experimental Metastasis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3303647 Tue, 23 Feb 2010 07:48:07 +0100 3303647 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3295546&cid=s_33451_6_f&fid=33451&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F40v524h453935454%2F Abstract  Angiosarcomas are high-grade vascular tumors associated with poor prognosis due to their aggressive nature. Occasional skeletal manifestations present commonly as osteolytic destruction. The 55-years-old patient presented in this case report had a disease-free 4 years interval between splenectomy after primary angiosarcoma of the spleen and an unusual skeletal metastatic pattern mimicking benign angiomatosis. Despite lacking radiographic evidence for a highly aggressive osseous process, the histopathological resemblance of the bone biopsy with the primary tumor manifestation and the fulminant course of disease after onset of disseminated osseous spread confirmed the malignant character of the vascular tumor. The case demonstrates the highly variable radiograph... Clinical and Experimental Metastasis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3295546 Sat, 20 Feb 2010 06:53:08 +0100 3295546 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3270398&cid=s_33451_6_f&fid=33451&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F0672p8r005252467%2F Abstract  Metastasis virulence, a significant contributor to breast cancer prognosis, is influenced by environmental factors like diet. We previously demonstrated in an F2 mouse population generated from a cross between the M16i polygenic obese and MMTV-PyMT mammary cancer models that high fat diet (HFD) decreases mammary cancer latency and increases pulmonary metastases compared to a matched control diet (MCD). Genetic analysis detected eight modifier loci for pulmonary metastasis, and diet significantly interacted with all eight loci. Here, gene expression microarray analysis was performed on mammary cancers from these mice. Despite the substantial dietary impact on metastasis and its interaction with metastasis modifiers, HFD significantly altered the expression of only ... Clinical and Experimental Metastasis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3270398 Fri, 12 Feb 2010 07:10:19 +0100 3270398 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3263849&cid=s_33451_6_f&fid=33451&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fk503w83g74115263%2F Abstract  Metastasis is the major cause of cancer mortality. We aimed to find a metastasis-prone signature for early stage mismatch-repair proficient sporadic colorectal cancer (CRC) patients for better prognosis and informed use of adjuvant chemotherapy. The genome-wide expression profiles of 82 age-, ethnicity- and tissue-matched patients and healthy controls were analyzed using the Affymetrix U133 Plus 2 array. Metastasis-negative patients have 5 years or more of follow-up. A 10 × 10 two-level nested cross-validation design was used with several families of classification models to identify the optimal predictor for metastasis. The best classification model yielded a 54 gene-set (74 probe sets) with an estimated prediction accuracy of 71%. The specificity,... Clinical and Experimental Metastasis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3263849 Tue, 09 Feb 2010 06:45:44 +0100 3263849 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3232738&cid=s_33451_6_f&fid=33451&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fp60041535v037366%2F Abstract  The inhibitor of DNA binding 2 (Id2) basic helix-loop-helix protein interacts genetically and physically with the pocket proteins (Rb, p107 and p130) and has been implicated as an oncogene. In other studies, however, Id2 has been shown to function as a tumor suppressor. Here, we studied the role of Id2 in a well characterized model of ocular cancer in which the three pocket proteins are inactivated by generating mice lacking one or both Id2 alleles. Id2 deficiency had no impact on tumorigenesis in the eye. Unexpectedly, however, Id2 loss significantly increased the rate of metastasis. Liver metastases in Id2 heterozygotes demonstrated significant decrease of Id2 expression and loss of the remaining Id2 allele, strongly suggesting that Id2 inactivation specifically w... Clinical and Experimental Metastasis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3232738 Mon, 01 Feb 2010 18:05:12 +0100 3232738 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3154204&cid=s_33451_6_f&fid=33451&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F2818786038242j6q%2F Abstract  Epithelial ovarian cancer is the most lethal gynecologic cancer with a 5 years survival rate of 30–40% in patients diagnosed with high-grade invasive disease (TOV). This is in stark contrast to the 95% 5 years survival rate in ovarian cancer patients diagnosed with low malignant potential (LMP) disease. The progression from localized tumor to invasive metastasis involves matrix proteolysis. Protease inhibitors are thought to play a key role by limiting this process. Using the Affymetrix HG-U133A GeneChip array, we have studied all serine protease inhibitors and found several serpin family members that are differentially expressed between LMP and TOV serous tumors. SERPINA1 was selected for further study due to its high expression in the majority of LMP... Clinical and Experimental Metastasis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3154204 Tue, 05 Jan 2010 06:47:38 +0100 3154204 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3122748&cid=s_33451_6_f&fid=33451&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fl0203x1735250823%2F Abstract   Candida albicans infections are very frequent in cancer patients, whose immune system is often compromised, but whether this fungal pathogen affects cancer progression is unknown. C. albicans infection involves endogenous production of inflammatory cytokines such as tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-18 (IL-18). Increased levels of these cytokines have already been correlated with metastasis of most common cancer types. In this study, a well-established model of IL-18-dependent hepatic melanoma metastasis was used to study whether C. albicans can alter the ability of murine B16 melanoma (B16M) cells to colonize the liver. First, we determined the ability of intrasplenically (IS) injected B16M cells to metastasize into the liver of mice challenge... Clinical and Experimental Metastasis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3122748 Fri, 25 Dec 2009 00:21:28 +0100 3122748 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3108996&cid=s_33451_6_f&fid=33451&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Ft17v228361h28h38%2F Abstract  Protease-activated receptor-1 (PAR-1) is a unique G-protein-coupled receptor belonging to the protease-activated receptor family. Its activation leads to downstream signaling events that launch a variety of cellular responses related to tumor progression. PAR-1 expression has been associated to a variety of human cancers, and our previous studies reveal a high PAR-1 expression in melanoma specimens as compared to common nevi. In the present study, we investigated the contribution of PAR-1 to the malignant phenotype of human melanoma cell lines obtained from cutaneous primary lesions, capable of different metastatic behaviors in the patients from which they have been derived. We found that melanoma cells isolated from lesions giving rise to metastases in patients (... Clinical and Experimental Metastasis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3108996 Sat, 19 Dec 2009 16:45:08 +0100 3108996 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2996701&cid=s_33451_6_f&fid=33451&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fk148041207q527k1%2F In this study, we prepared liposomes containing the platelet aggregation inhibitor Cilostazol (Cil-L). The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of this Cil-L on platelet aggregation and complex formation with murine 4T1 breast cancer cells in vitro and to determine their anti-metastatic potency in a spontaneous metastasis model of 4T1 breast cancer. Cil-L significantly inhibited the aggregation of platelets by up to 78% and completely abolished the complex formation of 4T1 tumor cells in the presence of activated platelets in vitro. Intravenous (i.v.) injection of Cil-L into mice significantly reduced the aggregability of mouse platelets by 60% measured ex vivo. To gain deeper insight into the mode of metastasis formation in a spontaneous metastasis model, 4T1 breast... Clinical and Experimental Metastasis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2996701 Sat, 14 Nov 2009 20:51:55 +0100 2996701 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2986131&cid=s_33451_6_f&fid=33451&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Ff418lu4426q4r7wl%2F Abstract  Leptomeningeal metastases from solid tumors are relatively uncommon events with dismal prognosis. They can be seen mainly in patients with breast and lung cancer, and malignant melanoma, but have also been described in a variety of other tumor types. Leptomeningeal carcinomatosis from prostate cancer is an extremely rare complication, but as patients’ survival is prolonged due to more effective treatments, it is expected that more patients will present with leptomeningeal involvement in advanced stages of the disease. In these cases high levels of prostate-specific antigen can be found in the cerebrospinal fluid. This comprehensive review presents the recent findings from the literature. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory ReviewDOI 10.1007/s10585-009-9298-zA... Clinical and Experimental Metastasis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2986131 Wed, 11 Nov 2009 07:18:26 +0100 2986131 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2986132&cid=s_33451_6_f&fid=33451&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F7627jj6k633mjr8x%2F Abstract  We compared gene expression patterns related to cancer progression, cell adhesion and cytokine expression in v-Src-transformed isogenic cell lines with different levels of metastatic aggressiveness in syngenic animals: a high (HM) and a low metastatic (LM) cell lines, both predetermined by in vitro oncogenic transformation, and a high metastatic (NM) cell line resulting from in vivo selection of grafted LM cells. While LM and NM shared a common v-Src transforming variant different from that of HM, gene expression patterns were similar in HM and NM but different from that of LM. In this model, the induction of the metastatic phenotype by an oncogene variant or by the host environment led to highly similar expression profiles. If confirmed in other models, these res... Clinical and Experimental Metastasis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2986132 Wed, 11 Nov 2009 07:18:25 +0100 2986132 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2951698&cid=s_33451_6_f&fid=33451&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Flg32065841l11345%2F The objective of this study was to gain insights into the biological basis of the metastatic process by characterizing the gene expression differences between primary and metastatic colon cancers. Recent studies have demonstrated that few new mutational changes are acquired during the metastatic progression of colon tumors [Jones et al., Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 105 (11): 4283–4288, 2008]. However, the extent to which epigenetic and transcriptional changes occur between primary and metastatic colon cancer remains unknown. We approached these issues using Affymetrix microarrays to assess the similarities and differences in gene expression profiles between macro-dissected primary and metastatic colon tumors. Unexpectedly, we found that expression of a number of cell proliferation marke... Clinical and Experimental Metastasis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2951698 Sat, 31 Oct 2009 11:02:45 +0100 2951698 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2951699&cid=s_33451_6_f&fid=33451&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fu02626642q6275mk%2F Abstract  The liver is a common repository for metastases, second only to lymph nodes. The majority of gastrointestinal cancer deaths are attributed to liver metastasis. Researchers have widely used stable transfection of green florescent protein (GFP) to track tumor cells in the liver metastasis cascade. However, stable, sustained GFP expression in these tumor cells requires proper drug selection to avoid its loss in animal models. To overcome this, we generated a pancreatic tumor cell line that stably expressed enhanced GFP (EGFP). First, we induced a pancreatic tumor by administering 3-methylcholanthrene in the pancreas of an EGFP transgenic mouse, which had stable ubiquitous EGFP expression. Second, we established the parental pancreatic cancer cell line LG as a culture... Clinical and Experimental Metastasis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2951699 Sat, 31 Oct 2009 11:02:44 +0100 2951699 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2936067&cid=s_33451_6_f&fid=33451&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fx455627r0458626w%2F Abstract  The chemokine receptor CXCR4 is involved in the metastasis of many cancers. Recent evidence suggests that CXCR4 may be also involved in the metastasis of renal cell carcinoma. We analyzed the expression of CXCR4 in primary carcinomas, metastatic tissues and normal tissues using immunohistochemistry. We further investigated the migration of renal carcinoma cells in response to stimulation by CXCL12 in vitro. We also studied the subcellular localization of CXCR4 in renal cell carcinoma cells in response to CXCL12 by confocal microscopy. We observed the highest percentage of CXCR4 expression in renal cell carcinoma metastases compared with that in renal cell carcinomas and normal renal tissues. We further found that CXCR4 was localized predominantly in the membrane i... Clinical and Experimental Metastasis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2936067 Mon, 26 Oct 2009 18:14:37 +0100 2936067 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2913595&cid=s_33451_6_f&fid=33451&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fx802183103372443%2F Abstract  Increased metastatic and angiogenic potentials of aggressive human colon carcinoma cells were verified in independent chick embryo models by comparing in vivo highly metastatic SW620 colon carcinoma cell line with its isogenic, non-metastatic SW480 cell variant. In the experimental metastasis model, both cell types rapidly arrested in the chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) vasculature as demonstrated by quantitative PCR and immunohistochemistry. Live cell imaging also indicated that both SW620 and SW480 cells efficiently extravasated from the CAM capillary system. However, only few SW480 cells were present in the CAM tissue after 24–48 h. In contrast, the numbers of SW620 cells increased exponentially, indicating proliferative and survival advantages of metasta... Clinical and Experimental Metastasis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2913595 Tue, 20 Oct 2009 15:23:40 +0100 2913595 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2880503&cid=s_33451_6_f&fid=33451&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Ft3318741tk03775g%2F In conclusion, upregulated Twist expression in the primary ESCC significantly correlates with the high risk of subsequent development of distant metastasis and low postoperative survival rates; the latter was not significantly correlated with patients’ age, gender, tumor location and differentiation. Twist may serve as an independent prognostic marker for predicting development of distant metastasis in ESCC patients and their survival. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Research PaperDOI 10.1007/s10585-009-9292-5Authors Fangwei Xie, Fuzhou General Hospital Department of Oncology 156 Western Two-Circle North Road Fuzhou 350025 ChinaKun Li, Fuzhou General Hospital Department of Oncology 156 Western Two-Circle North Road Fuzhou 350025 ChinaXuenong Ouyang, Fuzhou General Hospital ... Clinical and Experimental Metastasis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2880503 Fri, 09 Oct 2009 06:23:18 +0100 2880503 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2870080&cid=s_33451_6_f&fid=33451&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F4187601653843015%2F Abstract  TWIST, a basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor, has been recently reported to play an important role in tumorigenesis of human cancer through converting the early stage tumors into invasive malignancies. Upregulation of TWIST is often found in cancer patients, especially those with shorter survival period and poor response to chemotherapy. Here we studied the functions of TWIST on regulating migration rate, apoptosis, and gene expression in gastric cancer cells. TWIST expression is elevated in MGC-803 and HGC-27 cells that exhibit high invasive potential; whereas it is reduced in BGC-823 and SGC-7901 cells that possess relatively low invasive content. To evaluate functional consequences of TWIST induction, we examined the effect of TWIST on cell migration an... Clinical and Experimental Metastasis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2870080 Tue, 06 Oct 2009 12:38:39 +0100 2870080 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2866837&cid=s_33451_6_f&fid=33451&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F8577240275172478%2F This study aimed to investigate IDO expression as related to prognosis in osteosarcoma. IDO expression was immunohistochemically scored as five grades. IDO was expressed in most of the cases. Univariate analysis revealed no significant correlation between IDO staining intensity and various variables including sex, age, anatomical site, chemotherapy regimen, necrosis after chemotherapy, and surgical stage. Patients with high IDO expression had significantly lower metastasis-free survival (P = 0.016) and overall survival (P = 0.005). On univariate analysis, age over 20 years and high IDO expression were found to be independent risk factors of lower overall survival and metastasis-free survival. On multivariate analysis, there was no significant correlation betwe... Clinical and Experimental Metastasis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2866837 Mon, 05 Oct 2009 05:31:43 +0100 2866837 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2847967&cid=s_33451_6_f&fid=33451&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fr0ul3256116355n4%2F Abstract  After prostate cancer cells (PCa) arrive in bone, interactions with cells that include long bone osteoblasts (LBOB) and bone marrow stromal cells (BMSC) lead to metastasis formation. The effect of heterotypic cell–cell contact between PCa cells and BMSC or LBOB on PCa cell gene expression is poorly understood. To establish the role of heterotypic contact in bone metastasis formation, we mixed and co-cultured PC3 cells with rat BMSC, LBOB, or human prostate stromal cells (PS15). PC3 cells were then re-isolated for gene array analysis, and imaged using in situ hybridization to confirm that heterotypic contact regulates gene expression. The gene expression was examined using focused gene arrays containing 96 each of tumor metastasis genes or osteogenesis genes. A t... Clinical and Experimental Metastasis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2847967 Tue, 29 Sep 2009 07:37:47 +0100 2847967 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2847968&cid=s_33451_6_f&fid=33451&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F261g2p33596kku24%2F Abstract  To determine the long-term prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after argon-helium cryoablation and identify the risk factors that predict metastasis and recurrence. A total of 156 patients with hepatitis B-related HCC less than 5 cm in diameter who underwent curative cryoablation were followed up prospectively for tumor metastasis and recurrence. Immunohistochemistry was used to analyze the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). HBV basal core promoter (BCP) and precore mutations were detected by DNA sequence analysis. Post-treatment prognostic factors influencing survival, tumor metastasis and recurrence were assessed by univariate and multivariate analyses. The variables included the expression of VEGF in HCC tissues, clinical and ... Clinical and Experimental Metastasis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2847968 Tue, 29 Sep 2009 01:11:19 +0100 2847968 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2847969&cid=s_33451_6_f&fid=33451&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F9727qq7522778542%2F Abstract  Fatal outcomes of prostate carcinoma (PCa) mostly result from metastatic spread rather than from primary tumor burden. Here, we monitored growth and metastatic spread of an orthotopic luciferase/GFP-expressing LNCaP PCa xenograft model in SCID mice by in vivo imaging and in vitro luciferase assay of tissues homogenates. Although the metastatic spread generally shows a significant correlation to primary tumor volumes, the susceptibility of various tissues to metastatic invasion was different in the number of affected animals as well as in absolute metastatic burden in the individual tissues. Using this xenograft model we showed that treatment with liposomal gemcitabine (GemLip) inhibited growth of the primary tumors (83.9 ± 6.4%; P = 0.009) as w... Clinical and Experimental Metastasis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2847969 Tue, 29 Sep 2009 01:11:17 +0100 2847969 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2833073&cid=s_33451_6_f&fid=33451&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F223r7872171667g7%2F Abstract  MicroRNAs (miRs) are a novel class of RNAs with important roles in regulating gene expression. To identify miRs controlling prostate tumor progression, we utilized unique human prostate sublines derived from the parental P69 cell line, which differ in their tumorigenic properties in vivo. Grown embedded in laminin-rich extracellular matrix (lrECM) gels these genetically-related sublines displayed drastically different morphologies correlating with their behaviour in vivo. The non-tumorigenic P69 subline grew as multicellular acini with a defined lumen and basal/polar expression of relevant marker proteins. M12, a highly tumorigenic, metastatic derivative, grew as a disorganized mass of cells with no polarization, whereas the F6 subline, a weakly tumorigenic, non-m... Clinical and Experimental Metastasis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2833073 Tue, 22 Sep 2009 15:43:49 +0100 2833073 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2815708&cid=s_33451_6_f&fid=33451&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fl736608h45361966%2F Abstract  Metastatic prostate and breast cancers display a predilection for the skeleton. The high incidence of skeletal metastasis may be a reflection of favorable reciprocal interactions between the bone microenvironment and disseminated cancer cells. Here we show that bone-metastatic PC3-ML prostate cancer cells and MDA-231 breast cancer cells—when co-cultured with human osteoblasts—down-regulate the increase in cytosolic free calcium (Ca2+) induced by agonist stimulation. This osteoblast promoted alteration of Ca2+ signaling develops and reverts in a time-dependent manner. Most importantly, the Ca2+ responses of cancer cells lacking bone metastatic potential are not affected by osteoblasts. The limited increase in cytosolic Ca2+ observed in bone-metastatic cells does ... Clinical and Experimental Metastasis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2815708 Sun, 20 Sep 2009 15:32:54 +0100 2815708 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2767177&cid=s_33451_6_f&fid=33451&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fw8371704v8445242%2F Abstract  Bone is the preferred site for prostate cancer (PCa) metastases. Once the tumor has established itself within the bone there is virtually no cure. To better understand the interactions between the PCa cells and bone environment in the metastatic process new model systems are needed. We have established a two-compartment in vitro co-culturing model that can be used to follow the trans-activation of bone and/or tumor cells. The model was validated using two PCa tumor cell lines (PC-3; lytic and LNCaP; mixed/osteoblastic) and one osteolytic inducing factor, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (D3). Results were in accordance with the expected bone phenotypes; PC-3 cells and D3 gave osteolytic gene expression profiles in calvariae, with up-regulation of genes needed for osteoclas... Clinical and Experimental Metastasis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2767177 Thu, 03 Sep 2009 06:39:27 +0100 2767177 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2723629&cid=s_33451_6_f&fid=33451&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F40523h3407164022%2F This study explored the analysable yield of genetic material from human biopsy samples in order to describe differences in gene expression between DTCs and bone MTCs. Thirteen breast cancer patients with bone metastases underwent a CT-guided bone metastasis biopsy and a bone marrow biopsy. Tumour cells were enriched and gene expression profiling was conducted to identify differentially expressed genes. The analysable yield of sufficient RNA for microarray analysis was 60% from bone metastasis biopsies and 80% from bone marrow biopsies. A signature of 133 candidate genes differentially expressed between DTCs and MTCs was identified. Several genes relevant to breast cancer metastasis to bone (osteopontin, CTGF, parathyroid hormone receptor, EGFR) were significantly overexpressed in MTC... Clinical and Experimental Metastasis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2723629 Fri, 21 Aug 2009 10:53:37 +0100 2723629 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2661489&cid=s_33451_6_f&fid=33451&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fhh82611732311863%2F Abstract  It is established that experimental metastasis requires platelet activity. CD154 expressed on and released from activated platelets induces an inflammatory response in endothelial cells and monocytes, including tissue factor production. CD154 has also been shown to activate platelets in vitro and promote thrombus stability in vivo. These CD154 effects may be mediated, at least in part, by CD40 signaling on platelets and vascular endothelial cells. We have previously demonstrated prolonged bleeding and PFA-100 closure times in mice deficient for Cd154 or its receptor Cd40. In the present study, we hypothesized that Cd40 and Cd154 promote lung tumor formation in experimental metastasis in mice. We created mice doubly deficient in Cd40 and Cd154 (Dbl KO) and found the... Clinical and Experimental Metastasis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2661489 Thu, 30 Jul 2009 07:47:41 +0100 2661489 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2661490&cid=s_33451_6_f&fid=33451&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F16283818m0122634%2F Abstract  We investigated if the MET-activating point mutation Y1253D influences clinical outcomes in patients with advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (HNSCC). The study population consisted of 152 HNSCC patients treated by hyperfractionated radiotherapy alone or concomitant with chemotherapy between September 1994 and July 2000. Tumors were screened for the presence of the MET-activating point mutation Y1253D. Seventy-eight patients (51%) received radiotherapy alone, 74 patients (49%) underwent radiotherapy concomitant with chemotherapy. Median patient age was 54 years and median follow-up was 5.5 years. Distant metastasis-free survival, local relapse-free survival and overall survival were compared with MET Y1253D status. During follow-up, 29 (1... Clinical and Experimental Metastasis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2661490 Wed, 29 Jul 2009 07:00:50 +0100 2661490 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2642212&cid=s_33451_6_f&fid=33451&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F37484716476p0326%2F Abstract  Bone is the most frequent site of breast cancer metastasis, and once such metastasis occurs, complete remission is extremely difficult to achieve. In an effort to define the mechanisms underlying metastatic spread of breast cancer to bone, we previously developed and characterized the highly bone metastatic 4T1E/M3 mouse breast cancer cells. We found that following injection into mice, 4T1E/M3 cells exhibited greater bone metastasis and greater in vitro anchorage-independent growth and cell migration than their parental cells (4T1E). We also found that expression of intracellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) is crucially involved in these metastatic activities of 4T1E/M3 cells. In the present study, our analysis of gene and protein expression revealed that product... Clinical and Experimental Metastasis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2642212 Sat, 25 Jul 2009 08:42:35 +0100 2642212 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2592307&cid=s_33451_6_f&fid=33451&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fm0v1577801v81100%2F In this report, we examined the role of tumor–stromal interaction in the regulation of RANKL expression and its functional significance in tumor-induced osteolysis. Using a novel mammary tumor model, we identified that RANKL expression was upregulated at the TB-interface as compared to the tumor alone area. We demonstrate increased generation of sRANKL at the TB-interface, which is associated with tumor-induced osteolysis. The ratio of RANKL to osteoprotegrin (OPG), a decoy receptor for RANKL, at the TB-interface was also increased. Targeting RANKL expression with antisense oligonucleotides (RANKL-ASO), significantly abrogated tumor-induced osteolysis, decreased RANKL expression and the RANKL:OPG ratio at the TB-interface. Together, these results demonstrate that upregulation of RA... Clinical and Experimental Metastasis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2592307 Fri, 10 Jul 2009 08:20:48 +0100 2592307 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2564217&cid=s_33451_6_f&fid=33451&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F0m72p5623k282415%2F In conclusion, LOH occurs not only in primary uterine tumors but also in corresponding metastases, with the higher incidence being reported at intron 4 of the TP53. A significant link existed between LOH TP53 at intron 1 and p53 overexpression in primary ECs, but not in the corresponding metastatic lesions. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Research PaperDOI 10.1007/s10585-009-9278-3Authors Wiktor Szewczuk, Medical University of Lublin IInd Department of Gynecology 8 Jaczewski street 20-954 Lublin PolandDanuta Skomra, Medical University of Lublin Department of Pathology Lublin PolandMarek Cybulski, Medical University of Lublin Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Lublin PolandDorota Prządka-Rabaniuk, Medical University of Lublin IInd Department of Gynecology 8 Jaczews... Clinical and Experimental Metastasis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2564217 Tue, 30 Jun 2009 15:51:55 +0100 2564217 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2549538&cid=s_33451_6_f&fid=33451&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fq0v3465j01r830u4%2F In conclusion, integrin subunits α2, α6 and β4 are expressed in unrelated colorectal cancer cell strains and appear to play a key role in cancer cell migration. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Research PaperDOI 10.1007/s10585-009-9276-5Authors John H. Robertson, University College London GI & Hepatobiliary Research Group, UCL Division of Surgery and Interventional Science Rowland Hill Street London NW3 2PF UKShi Yu Yang, University College London GI & Hepatobiliary Research Group, UCL Division of Surgery and Interventional Science Rowland Hill Street London NW3 2PF UKMarc C. Winslet, University College London GI & Hepatobiliary Research Group, UCL Division of Surgery and Interventional Science Rowland Hill Street London NW3 2PF UKAlexander M. Seifalian, University College Lond... Clinical and Experimental Metastasis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2549538 Fri, 26 Jun 2009 06:21:16 +0100 2549538 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2486636&cid=s_33451_6_f&fid=33451&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fe485072511057186%2F This study suggests the possibility that circulating Snail mRNA levels may have been associated with extra-hepatic metastasis in HCC patients. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Research PaperDOI 10.1007/s10585-009-9275-6Authors Ae Lyoung Min, The Catholic University of Korea Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine Seoul KoreaJong Young Choi, The Catholic University of Korea Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine Seoul KoreaHyun Young Woo, The Catholic University of Korea Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine Seoul KoreaJin Dong Kim, The Catholic University of Korea Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine Seoul KoreaJung Hyun Kwon, The Catholic University of Korea Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine Seoul Korea... Clinical and Experimental Metastasis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2486636 Wed, 17 Jun 2009 07:54:31 +0100 2486636 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2479126&cid=s_33451_6_f&fid=33451&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fv8463p08180x8l50%2F Abstract  Bone is one of the most frequent sites for metastasis of breast and prostate cancers. Bone metastases are associated with pathologic changes in bone turnover and severe pain. The mechanisms that trigger these effects are not well understood, but it is postulated that tumour cells release factors which interfere with signalling processes critical to bone homeostasis. We have identified that several cancer cell lines known to cause bone disruption in animal models of bone metastasis appear to secrete glutamate into their extracellular environment in vitro. Although these cells also express specific glutamate receptors, the implications of this potentially disruptive chemical signal are discussed in relation to normal glutamate-dependent communication processes in bo... Clinical and Experimental Metastasis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2479126 Sat, 13 Jun 2009 08:24:15 +0100 2479126 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2479127&cid=s_33451_6_f&fid=33451&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fl4670pn5x23650l3%2F Abstract  The potential role of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) in the regulation of angiogenesis factors in hepatoma cells is not widely appreciated. We investigated the role of HGF-induced activation of a transcription factor, Egr-1, in the expression of pro-angiogenic factors. Genes associated with angiogenesis induced by HGF were screened by using cDNA microarray technology in hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines, HepG2 and Hep3B. Expression levels of Egr-1, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and interleukin (IL)-8 were further confirmed by real time RT-PCR and Western blot analysis. Roles of Egr-1 in the levels of HGF-induced up-regulations of VEGF and IL-8 were measured by knockdown of Egr-1 with Egr-1 shRNA and chromatin immunoprecipitation assay. The levels of... Clinical and Experimental Metastasis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2479127 Sat, 13 Jun 2009 08:24:13 +0100 2479127 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2475200&cid=s_33451_6_f&fid=33451&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fvrg3l11348062122%2F Abstract  We previously demonstrated that the detection of circulating cancer cells (CCC) expressing survivin mRNA could provide valuable information for predicting recurrence in patients with breast, lung, gastric and colorectal carcinoma. The purpose of this study is to investigate whether the detection of survivin-expressing CCC in the peripheral blood is also useful for predicting recurrence in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Blood samples obtained from 108 ESCC patients and 75 healthy volunteers were quantitatively investigated by a technique that detected reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction products based on a hybridization-enzyme linked immunosorbent essay. Not all of the patients were available for the follow-up study. Only 48 pa... Clinical and Experimental Metastasis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2475200 Fri, 12 Jun 2009 11:18:51 +0100 2475200 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2475201&cid=s_33451_6_f&fid=33451&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fl345712r65r2348q%2F Abstract  Octreotide is a somatostatin analogue binding on two receptor subtypes. In previous trials Octreotide showed inhibitory effects on tumour growth and liver metastasis in experimental pancreatic cancer. Thus we evaluated whether the new somatostatin analogue SOM-230 binding on 4 receptor subtypes has superior effects on carcinogenesis in pancreatic carcinoma. About 120 Syrian hamsters were randomised into six groups (n = 20): Gr.1: Aqua/Aqua, Gr.2: BOP/Aqua, Gr.3: Aqua/Octreotide, Gr.4: BOP/Octreotide, Gr.5: Aqua/SOM-230, Gr.6: BOP/SOM-230. Tumour groups 2,4,6 subcutaneously received 10 mg/kg body weight N-nitrosobis-2-oxopropylamin (BOP) weekly for 10 weeks, healthy control Gr.1,3,5 were given aqua. In the 17th week therapy started with Octreotid... Clinical and Experimental Metastasis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2475201 Fri, 12 Jun 2009 11:18:50 +0100 2475201 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2475202&cid=s_33451_6_f&fid=33451&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F0433665559445134%2F Abstract  High intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) may be employed in two ways: continuous exposures for thermal ablation of tissue (>60°C), and pulsed-exposures for non-ablative effects, including low temperature hyperthermia (37–45°C), and non thermal effects (e.g. acoustic cavitation and radiation forces). Pulsed-HIFU effects may enhance the tissue’s permeability for improved delivery of drugs and genes, for example, by opening up gaps between cells in the vasculature and parenchyma. Inducing these effects may improve local targeting of therapeutic agents, however; concerns exist that pulsed exposures could theoretically also facilitate dissemination of tumor cells and exacerbate metastases. In the present study, the influence of pulsed-HIFU exposures on increas... Clinical and Experimental Metastasis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2475202 Thu, 11 Jun 2009 14:11:54 +0100 2475202 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2459162&cid=s_33451_6_f&fid=33451&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F44r7u38221653618%2F Abstract  The exact cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in melanoma tumorigenesis remain obscure. Previous gene expression profiling analyses performed upon NHEM and human melanoma samples identified WFDC1 as one of the most frequently down-regulated genes. Here we further showed that NHEM readily express WFDC1 but expression is reduced or completely lost in 80% of the patients-derived melanoma cell lines and tissue samples examined. Furthermore, we show that promoter hypermethylation accounts for the silencing of the WFDC1 gene in 20% of the melanoma cell lines examined. The over-expression of WFDC1 in two metastatic melanoma cell lines, A375 and LOX, resulted in a significant delay of tumor growth in a murine xenograft model, despite a non-significant difference in... Clinical and Experimental Metastasis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2459162 Tue, 02 Jun 2009 08:00:52 +0100 2459162 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2459161&cid=s_33451_6_f&fid=33451&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fc26022n781476532%2F This study analyzes tumorbiology, expression of the metastasis-promoting CXCR4 and actinin-4, and of the CSC marker CD133 in primary and recurrent PDAC. Twenty-six patients underwent resection for primary and recurrent PDAC and most developed tumor recurrence within 2 years. In 81% the histologic tumor grade was unchanged. Immunohistochemistry could be performed with 15 pairs of primary and recurrent PDAC. The mean Ki-67 proliferation index increased (P = 0.06). About 30% of tumor cells were positive for CXCR4 and almost all tumor cells expressed actinin-4, but there were neither significant changes in the expression levels in recurrent PDAC, nor specifically enhanced levels in metastases. The prominent CD133 pattern was an apical membrane staining of inflammatorily alt... Clinical and Experimental Metastasis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2459161 Tue, 02 Jun 2009 08:00:52 +0100 2459161 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2433599&cid=s_33451_6_f&fid=33451&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fk4j1788551622t41%2F Conclusion Hypoxia manipulation in solid tumors has the potential to influence lung metastases. Notably, acute hypoxia-releasing nicotinamide may be promising for reducing the number of lung metastases. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Research PaperDOI 10.1007/s10585-009-9268-5Authors Shin-ichiro Masunaga, Kyoto University Particle Radiation Oncology Research Center, Research Reactor Institute 2-1010, Asashiro-nishi, Kumatori-cho, Sennan-gun Osaka 590-0494 JapanYoshitaka Matsumoto, National Institute of Radiological Sciences Heavy-Ion Radiobiology Research Group, Research Center for Charged Particle Therapy Chiba JapanRyoichi Hirayama, National Institute of Radiological Sciences Heavy-Ion Radiobiology Research Group, Research Center for Charged Particle Therapy Chiba JapanGenro ... Clinical and Experimental Metastasis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2433599 Sun, 24 May 2009 06:13:51 +0100 2433599 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2433598&cid=s_33451_6_f&fid=33451&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F457v54228155178x%2F This study reviewed 38 patients with metastatic nodules and 15 patients with benign nodules. A statistically significant relationship was observed between the size of the nodules and final clinical decision. The patients with pulmonary nodules which did not exceed 5 mm in size showed significantly better cumulative overall survival rate after the detection of pulmonary nodules than those with larger nodules (5-years: 58.4 vs. 20.4%). There was no significant difference in the overall survival rate between the patients with smaller pulmonary benign lesions which did not exceed 5 mm in size and those with a normal chest CT (5-years: 92.3 vs. 85.3%). The only factor to diagnose in a metastatic pulmonary lesion is the size of the nodules. If the nodule remains ≦5 mm in s... Clinical and Experimental Metastasis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2433598 Sun, 24 May 2009 06:13:51 +0100 2433598 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2433600&cid=s_33451_6_f&fid=33451&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fb16078r797146251%2F Abstract  The occurrence of metastases is a critical determinant of the prognosis for breast cancer patients. Effective treatment of breast cancer metastases is hampered by a poor understanding of the mechanisms involved in the formation of these secondary tumor deposits. To study the processes of metastasis, valid in vivo tumor metastasis models are required. Here, we show that increased expression of the EGF receptor in the MTLn3 rat mammary tumor cell-line is essential for efficient lung metastasis formation in the Rag mouse model. EGFR expression resulted in delayed orthotopic tumor growth but at the same time strongly enhanced intravasation and lung metastasis. Previously, we demonstrated the critical role of NK cells in a lung metastasis model using MTLn3 cells in syn... Clinical and Experimental Metastasis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2433600 Sun, 24 May 2009 06:13:50 +0100 2433600 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2417737&cid=s_33451_6_f&fid=33451&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F35g80427r46m604t%2F Abstract  Increased platelet counts and systemic coagulation activation are associated with ovarian cancer progression. Platelet activation occurs in the tumor microenvironment and may influence local invasion and metastasis. We used a cellular model of tumor invasion to investigate the effect of activated platelets on the human ovarian cancer cell line, SKOV3. SKOV3 cells were exposed to washed, thrombin receptor activating peptide (TRAP)-activated or TRAP-naïve platelets under various experimental conditions, and tumor cell invasion was assayed in Matrigel® chambers. The effect of platelets on the content of urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA) and VEGF in SKOV3 cell conditioned medium was measured using an ELISA assay. TRAP-activated platelets stimulated a dose-depende... Clinical and Experimental Metastasis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2417737 Fri, 15 May 2009 06:12:42 +0100 2417737 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2406945&cid=s_33451_6_f&fid=33451&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fd743v32635510k40%2F Abstract  Epithelial cells lining the adult human colon do not normally express gastrin releasing peptide (GRP) or its receptor (GRPR), but both can be up regulated post malignant transformation. However, controversy exists as to the contribution these proteins make to tumor cell behavior once present. Since GRPR activation promotes proliferation, it has been assumed that their aberrant expression promotes colon cancer (CC) growth and progression. Yet we have contended that when expressed, GRP/GRPR benefits the host since in vitro studies demonstrate they enhance tumor cell attachment to the extracellular matrix and promote CC cytolysis by natural killer lymphocytes. Thus the aim of this study was to ascertain the effect of aberrant GRP/GRPR expression on patient survival. ... Clinical and Experimental Metastasis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2406945 Sun, 10 May 2009 05:46:42 +0100 2406945 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2399614&cid=s_33451_6_f&fid=33451&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fw534277207702253%2F In this study, a particular focus was put on identifying a subpopulation of stem cell-like, slow cycling tumor cells in a pancreas adenocarcinoma cell lines. Using a label retention technique a subpopulation of slow cycling cells (DiI+/SCC) was identified and further evaluated in the BxPC-3 and Panc03.27 cell lines. These slowly cycling cells managed to retain the lipophilic labeling dye DiI, while the bulk of the cells (>94%) did not. The DiI+/SCC population, showed only a partial overlap with the CSC markers CD24+/CD44+, CD133+ and ALDH but they survived chemotherapeutic treatment, and were able to recreate the initial heterogeneous tumor cell population. DiI+/SCCs exhibited an increased invasive potential as compared with their non-label retaining, faster cycling cells (DiI−/F... Clinical and Experimental Metastasis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2399614 Thu, 07 May 2009 06:05:53 +0100 2399614 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2399615&cid=s_33451_6_f&fid=33451&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F52720g15t423v651%2F Abstract  Spontaneous development of osteoblastic lesions of prostate cancer (PCa) in mice is modeled by orthotopic (intraprostatic) deposition of neoplastic cells followed by an extremely long latency associated with low incidence of spontaneous bone metastasis. Intracardial injection results in overt bone metastases only with osteoclastic PCa cells (i.e., PC-3). Herein, we report that androgen independent osteoblastic PCa cells readily colonize bone when in a high remodeling state. SCID/Beige mice were subjected to periods of intermittent human parathyroid hormone 1–34 (hPTH) exposure, followed by an intracardiac infusion of osteoblastic C4-2 PCa cells. At the time of PCa infusion, analysis of bone turnover markers from mice treated with hPTH revealed significant increa... Clinical and Experimental Metastasis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2399615 Thu, 07 May 2009 06:05:52 +0100 2399615 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2365969&cid=s_33451_6_f&fid=33451&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F571708q8334qwq36%2F Abstract  Tumor treating fields (TTFields) are low intensity, intermediate frequency, alternating electric fields used to treat cancerous tumors. This novel treatment modality effectively inhibits the growth of solid tumors in vivo and has shown promise in pilot clinical trials in patients with advanced stage solid tumors. TTFields were tested for their potential to inhibit metastatic spread of solid tumors to the lungs in two animal models: (1) Mice injected with malignant melanoma cells (B16F10) into the tail vein, (2) New Zealand White rabbits implanted with VX-2 tumors within the kidney capsule. Mice and rabbits were treated using two-directional TTFields at 100–200 kHz. Animals were either monitored for survival, or sacrificed for pathological and histological a... Clinical and Experimental Metastasis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2365969 Thu, 23 Apr 2009 08:20:07 +0100 2365969 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2357735&cid=s_33451_6_f&fid=33451&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fc075486667134060%2F Abstract  Gene expression profiling using DNA microarrays allows simultaneous measurement of thousands of mRNA transcripts in a single experiment. Results from gene expression profiling studies have fundamentally altered our view of breast cancer, which is no longer regarded as a single disease but as several molecularly and biologically distinct neoplastic diseases. This technology has also yielded novel diagnostic assays that have started to have an impact on clinical care. This is a rapidly evolving field, and the constraints of space do not allow us to discuss many of the published studies. Therefore, in this review, we will summarize the results of those gene expression studies that are conceptually and practically most important and discuss some of the limitations and... Clinical and Experimental Metastasis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2357735 Tue, 21 Apr 2009 11:31:58 +0100 2357735 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2331657&cid=s_33451_6_f&fid=33451&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fh422134445h56330%2F Abstract  Osteosarcoma is the most common primary malignancy of bone in children and young adults. There is a paucity of tumorigenic and highly metastatic human osteosarcoma cell lines that have not been further transformed by exogenous means. Here we establish and characterize a highly metastatic human osteosarcoma cell line that is derived from a poorly metastatic MG63 line through serial passage in nude mice via intratibial injections. The occasional pulmonary metastases developed from MG63 were harvested and repassaged in mice until a highly metastatic subline (MG63.2) was established. The parental MG63 and highly metastatic MG63.2 cells were further characterized in vitro and in vivo. MG63.2 cells demonstrated increased cell migration and invasion compared to the paren... Clinical and Experimental Metastasis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2331657 Sat, 11 Apr 2009 06:32:49 +0100 2331657 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2331658&cid=s_33451_6_f&fid=33451&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fa8421w532l123u34%2F Abstract  The majority of cancer mortality is attributed to metastasis, which is the spread of tumor cells to a secondary site. Several studies have demonstrated that the genetic background on which a tumor arises has a major effect on both metastatic efficiency and on predictive gene expression profiles. These observations suggest that there is variability in metastasis frequency between individuals and that some individuals could be more prone to secondary tumor formation and development than others. Thus, genetic background might have important clinical implications in metastasis detection, management and prevention. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Research PaperDOI 10.1007/s10585-009-9249-8Authors Kent W. Hunter, CCR/NCI/NIH Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Gene... Clinical and Experimental Metastasis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2331658 Sun, 05 Apr 2009 14:15:38 +0100 2331658 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2304878&cid=s_33451_6_f&fid=33451&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F8186q678j55r2l18%2F Abstract  HSP40 (DNAJ) is an understudied family of co-chaperones. The human genome codes for over 41 members of HSP40 family that reside at distinct intracellular locations. Despite their large numbers, little is known about their physiologic roles. Recent research has revealed involvement of some of the DNAJ family members in various types of cancers. In this article we summarize the information about the involvement of human DNAJ family members in various aspects of cancer biology. Furthermore we discuss the potential role of the J domain of DNAJ proteins in cancer biology. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory ReviewDOI 10.1007/s10585-009-9255-xAuthors Aparna Mitra, University of South Alabama Department of Oncologic Sciences, Mitchell Cancer Institute 1660, Spring Hi... Clinical and Experimental Metastasis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2304878 Thu, 02 Apr 2009 06:03:36 +0100 2304878 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2304879&cid=s_33451_6_f&fid=33451&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fy8659x5505xh7214%2F Abstract  Sporadic colorectal cancer is a major cause of death worldwide. Development takes place in a sequential manner from benign adenomas leading to carcinomas. In 90% of tumours bearing a Ras mutation it is Ki-Ras that is mutated. We have developed a model cell system to study oncogenic Ras mutations in colorectal cancer cell lines. In this analysis two Caco-2 derived cell lines expressing Ha-RasV12 (Caco-H) and Ki-RasV12 (Caco-K), respectively, have been used in large-scale microarray profiling against a Caco-2 control. This was carried out using an Illumina microarray containing 24,000 genes. Genes have been identified as differentially expressed in each isoform as well as commonly regulated. In addition the Caco-H cell line has a strong epithelial–mesenchymal phen... Clinical and Experimental Metastasis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2304879 Thu, 02 Apr 2009 06:03:34 +0100 2304879 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2304881&cid=s_33451_6_f&fid=33451&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F5r0818r787110122%2F Abstract  Vascularization of solid tumors is thought to occur by sprouting or intussusceptive angiogenesis, co-option of existing vessels, and vasculogenic mimicry after the onset of tumor hypoxia, when the tumor radius exceeds the oxygen diffusion distance. In contrast, here we show that individual endothelial cells that are incorporated into pre-hypoxic tumors give rise to tumor blood vessels via vasculogenesis. Small metastatic lung tumor sections obtained after tail-vein injection of a syngeneic breast cancer cell line in the nude mice were labeled with antibodies against endothelial cell markers. Immunofluorescence showed the incorporation and mixed growth of CD31-, Tie-2-, and CD105-positive endothelial cells in tumors with radii less than oxygen diffusion distance an... Clinical and Experimental Metastasis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2304881 Sun, 29 Mar 2009 05:52:09 +0100 2304881 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2304883&cid=s_33451_6_f&fid=33451&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fu8k1854787347311%2F Abstract  KISS1 was first discovered as a metastasis suppressor, but also plays crucial roles in the onset of puberty. The KISS1 gene encodes a secreted protein of 145 amino acids that exhibits no sequence similarity with any known proteins. KISS1 protein is proteolytically processed to generate a number of so-called kisspeptins (KP), the most well characterized is known as KP-54 or metastin. KP-54 is carboxy-terminally amidated and binds to and activates the KISS1 receptor (KISS1R). The current studies were undertaken in order to determine structure of KP-54 using nuclear magnetic resonance and circular dichroism. KP-54 is mostly disordered both in water and in trifluoroethanol/water mixed solvent, with no structural motifs. In sodium dodecyl sulfate micelles, KP-54 remain... Clinical and Experimental Metastasis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2304883 Tue, 24 Mar 2009 07:05:58 +0100 2304883 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2304885&cid=s_33451_6_f&fid=33451&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fj538631k75855151%2F Abstract  Current concepts conceive “breast cancer” as a complex disease that comprises several very different types of neoplasms. Nonetheless, breast cancer treatment has considerably improved through early diagnosis, adjuvant chemotherapy, and endocrine treatments. The limited prognostic power of classical classifiers determines considerable over-treatment of women who either do not benefit from, or do not at all need, chemotherapy. Several gene expression based molecular classifiers (signatures) have been developed for a more reliable prognostication. Gene expression profiling identifies profound differences in breast cancers, most probably as a consequence of different cellular origin and different driving mutations and can therefore distinguish the intrinsic propen... Clinical and Experimental Metastasis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2304885 Tue, 24 Mar 2009 07:05:56 +0100 2304885 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2286673&cid=s_33451_6_f&fid=33451&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fn78952t64v1hh265%2F In this study, we report how variation in expression of ASB affected the migration of human colonic epithelial cells. In the T84 cell line, derived from lung metastasis of malignant colonic epithelial cells, the activity of ASB, as well as steroid sulfatase, arylsulfatase A, and galactose-6-sulfatase, were significantly less than in normal, primary colonic epithelial cells and in the NCM460 cell line which was derived from normal colonocytes. In the T84 cells, matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9), activated RhoA, and cell migration, as well as C4S content, were significantly more than in the NCM460 cells. Silencing and overexpression of ASB had inverse effects on MMP9, activated RhoA, and cell migration, as well as the C4S content, in the NCM460 and T84 cells. When ASB expression was si... Clinical and Experimental Metastasis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2286673 Sun, 22 Mar 2009 06:05:11 +0100 2286673 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2286675&cid=s_33451_6_f&fid=33451&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fwxn33436q4514636%2F Abstract  Metastasis suppressors and other regulators of cell motility play an important role in tumor invasion and metastases. We previously identified that activation of the G protein coupled receptor 54 (GPR54) by the metastasis suppressor metastin inhibits cell migration in association with overexpression of Regulator of calcineurin 1 (RCAN1), an endogenous regulator of calcineurin. Calcineurin inhibitors also blocked cell migration in vitro and RCAN1 protein levels were reduced in nodal metastases in thyroid cancer. The purpose of the current study was to determine directly if RCAN1 functions as a motility suppressor in vitro. Several cancer cell lines derived from different cancer types with different motility rates were evaluated for RCAN1 expression levels. Using thes... Clinical and Experimental Metastasis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2286675 Sun, 22 Mar 2009 06:05:10 +0100 2286675 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2276032&cid=s_33451_6_f&fid=33451&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Frj3104qj6nq37661%2F Abstract  Bone metastases in prostate cancer are predominantly osteoblastic. To study regulatory mechanisms underlying the establishment of prostate cancer within an osteoblastic microenvironment, human androgen-sensitive prostate carcinoma cells (LNCaP) were treated with culture medium conditioned by human osteoblast-derived sarcoma cells (OHS), and activated signalling pathways in the carcinoma cells were analyzed using microarrays with tyrosine kinase substrates. Network interaction analysis of substrates with significantly increased phosphorylation levels revealed that signalling pathways mediated by EGFR and ERBB2 were activated in LNCaP cells under OHS influence but also by androgen treatment. Activation of EGFR/ERBB2 signalling was also found in LNCaP cells in cocult... Clinical and Experimental Metastasis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2276032 Wed, 18 Mar 2009 06:55:06 +0100 2276032 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2276033&cid=s_33451_6_f&fid=33451&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F9v34781x38545w31%2F Abstract  The cancer preventive properties of grape products such as red wine have been attributed to polyphenols enriched in red wine. However, much of the studies on cancer preventive mechanisms of grape polyphenols have been conducted with individual compounds at concentrations too high to be achieved via dietary consumption. We recently reported that combined grape polyphenols at physiologically relevant concentrations are more effective than individual compounds at inhibition of ERα(−), ERβ(+) MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell proliferation, cell cycle progression, and primary mammary tumor growth (Schlachterman et al., Transl Oncol 1:19–27, 2008). Herein, we show that combined grape polyphenols induce apoptosis and are more effective than individual resveratrol, que... Clinical and Experimental Metastasis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2276033 Wed, 18 Mar 2009 06:55:05 +0100 2276033 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2262613&cid=s_33451_6_f&fid=33451&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F810542wk025q8558%2F Abstract  Brain metastasis has become an increasing cause of morbidity and mortality in cancer patients as the treatment of systemic disease has improved. Brain metastases frequently are highly vascularized, a process driven primarily by VEGF. VEGF mediates numerous changes within the vasculature including endothelial cell retraction and increased permeability, vasodilation, and new vessel formation. Here we describe a xenograft brain metastasis model that mimics the critical steps of metastasis including tumor cell dissemination and vascular adhesion, tumor growth and tumor associated angiogenesis. Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging was used to evaluate two aspects of the functional response of brain metastasis to the anti-VEGF receptor therapeutic, AZD2171 (Cediranib, RECENT... Clinical and Experimental Metastasis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2262613 Wed, 11 Mar 2009 11:28:33 +0100 2262613 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2251007&cid=s_33451_6_f&fid=33451&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fhp4x742511088421%2F In this study, we present evidence that exogenously supplied dietary stearate dramatically reduces the size of tumors that formed from injected human breast cancer cells within the mammary fat pads of athymic nude mice by approximately 50% and partially inhibits breast cancer cell metastasis burden in the lungs in this mouse model system. This metastatic inhibition appears to be independent of primary tumor size, as stearate fed animals that had primary tumors comparable in size to littermates fed either a safflower oil enriched diet or a low fat diet had reduced lung metastasis. Also stearate fed mice sub-groups had different primary tumor sizes but no difference in metastasis. This anti-metastasis effect may be due, at least in part, to the ability of stearate to induce apoptosis i... Clinical and Experimental Metastasis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2251007 Sun, 08 Mar 2009 09:55:13 +0100 2251007 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2251009&cid=s_33451_6_f&fid=33451&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F9238m16l2812u481%2F In conclusion, this study confirms that TFPI-2 downregulation can contribute to tumour invasion of lung cancer cells. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Research PaperDOI 10.1007/s10585-009-9245-zAuthors Sophie Iochmann, Université François Rabelais Inserm U618, Protéases et Vectorisation Pulmonaires, Faculté de Médecine IFR 135, 10 Boulevard Tonnellé 37032 Tours Cedex FranceClaire Bléchet, Université François Rabelais Inserm U618, Protéases et Vectorisation Pulmonaires, Faculté de Médecine IFR 135, 10 Boulevard Tonnellé 37032 Tours Cedex FranceValérie Chabot, Etablissement Français du Sang Centre-Atlantique 37032 Tours FranceAnnabelle Saulnier, Université François Rabelais Inserm U618, Protéases et Vectorisation Pulmonaires, Faculté de Médecine IFR 135, 10 Boul... Clinical and Experimental Metastasis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2251009 Sat, 07 Mar 2009 13:34:28 +0100 2251009 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2248737&cid=s_33451_6_f&fid=33451&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F381p7876275482p8%2F In conclusion, switching from early generation bisphosphonates to a more potent agent is associated with radiological changes similar to those seen when commencing a bisphosphonate in treatment-naïve patients. This is consistent with the observed palliative benefit. The use of QCT may be of benefit in the monitoring of bone metastases. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Research PaperDOI 10.1007/s10585-009-9247-xAuthors E. Amir, Princess Margaret Hospital Department of Medical Oncology 610 University Ave Toronto ON M5G 2M9 CanadaC. Whyne, Orthopaedic Biomechanics Lab, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre Toronto CanadaO. C. Freedman, Princess Margaret Hospital Department of Medical Oncology 610 University Ave Toronto ON M5G 2M9 CanadaM. Fralick, Princess Margaret Hospital Department... Clinical and Experimental Metastasis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2248737 Fri, 06 Mar 2009 11:56:20 +0100 2248737 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2248738&cid=s_33451_6_f&fid=33451&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fm35811722071m677%2F Abstract  Des-γ-carboxy prothrombin (DCP) is an aberrant prothrombin produced by hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells. Serum and tissue DCP expressions are thought to reflect the biological malignant potential of HCC. However, the role of DCP in the development of angiogenesis is not well understood. Herein, we report the effects of DCP on growth and migration of human vascular endothelial cells. DCP significantly stimulated the proliferation of HUVEC (ECV304) cells in a dose and time dependent manner, as measured by the MTT assay. A continuous rapid migration of ECV304 cells was observed in the presence of DCP measured by the scratch wound assay. The continuous rapid invasive activity, measured by transwell chamber assay also showed that DCP increased endothelial cells mi... Clinical and Experimental Metastasis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2248738 Thu, 05 Mar 2009 15:12:51 +0100 2248738 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2221573&cid=s_33451_6_f&fid=33451&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fkhw70568x5u26225%2F Abstract  Increased cyclooxygenase (COX-2) expression in tumors is known to be correlated with tumor invasion, angiogenesis, resistance to apoptosis, and suppression of host immunity. We previously reported that the invasiveness of human oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cell lines NA and HSC-4 was suppressed by treatment with either NS-398, a selective COX-2 inhibitor, or COX-2 antisense oligonucleotide (AS). In the present study, to explore the effects of COX-2 inhibition on the interaction between cancer cells and fibroblasts, we examined the effects of these anti-COX-2 reagents on the expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in fibroblast cell lines WI-38 and MRC-5. Western blotting and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay revealed that NS-398 and COX-2 AS down-reg... Clinical and Experimental Metastasis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2221573 Wed, 25 Feb 2009 11:44:01 +0100 2221573 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2209247&cid=s_33451_6_f&fid=33451&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F2636x746877r67hv%2F Abstract  Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) plays a definitive role in invasive, angiogenic, and metastatic activities of tumor cells by binding to the c-Met receptor. NK4, a competitive antagonist for HGF and the c-Met receptor, prevents tumor cell growth and metastasis via its bifunctional properties to act as an HGF antagonist and angiogenesis inhibitor. In the present study, we investigated the inhibitory effectiveness of NK4 on hematogenous pulmonary metastasis of the CT26 murine colon cancer cell line, focusing on tumor cell adhesion to endothelial cells. In an in vitro adhesion assay, HGF facilitated adhesion of CT26 cells to a murine endothelial cell line (F-2) in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, the enhancing effect of HGF on CT26-F-2 cell interaction was blocked... Clinical and Experimental Metastasis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2209247 Sat, 21 Feb 2009 08:13:20 +0100 2209247 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2204330&cid=s_33451_6_f&fid=33451&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fx770143h56149x8j%2F Content Type Journal ArticleDOI 10.1007/s10585-009-9243-1Authors Peter Friedl, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre Microscopical Imaging Centre, Department of Cell Biology, Nijmegen Center for Molecular Life Science Geert Grooteplein 28 P.O. Box 9101 6500 HB Nijmegen The Netherlands Journal Clinical and Experimental MetastasisOnline ISSN 1573-7276Print ISSN 0262-0898 (Source: Clinical and Experimental Metastasis) Clinical and Experimental Metastasis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2204330 Fri, 20 Feb 2009 07:07:34 +0100 2204330 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2199500&cid=s_33451_6_f&fid=33451&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F18n022771047080g%2F Abstract  Development of metastasis is a leading cause of cancer-induced death. Acquisition of an invasive tumor cell phenotype suggests loss of cell adhesion and basement membrane breakdown during a process termed epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Recently, cancer stem cells (CSC) were discovered to mediate solid tumor initiation and progression. Prostate CSCs are a subpopulation of CD44+ cells within the tumor that give rise to differentiated tumor cells and also self-renew. Using both primary and established prostate cancer cell lines, we tested the assumption that CSCs are more invasive. The ability of unsorted cells and CD44-positve and -negative subpopulations to undergo Matrigel invasion and EMT was evaluated, and the gene expression profiles of these cells... Clinical and Experimental Metastasis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2199500 Tue, 17 Feb 2009 13:01:19 +0100 2199500 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2172135&cid=s_33451_6_f&fid=33451&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F27h6m6402m808q40%2F In conclusion, our data seem to indicate that the CXCR4-CXCL12 axis can play a role in the progression of endometrial carcinoma and that specific therapies with antagonists of chemokines receptors could be of help in the treatment of metastatic patients. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Research PaperDOI 10.1007/s10585-009-9240-4Authors Stefania Gelmini, University of Florence Department of Clinical Pathophysiology, Clinical Biochemistry Unit Viale Pieraccini, 6 50139 Florence ItalyMonica Mangoni, University of Florence Department of Clinical Pathophysiology, Radiotherapy Unit Viale Pieraccini, 6 50139 Florence ItalyFrancesca Castiglione, University of Florence Department of Human Pathology and Oncology Florence ItalyCristina Beltrami, University of Florence Department of Clinic... Clinical and Experimental Metastasis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2172135 Sat, 07 Feb 2009 09:59:45 +0100 2172135 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2163098&cid=s_33451_6_f&fid=33451&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fal784836651w8201%2F Abstract  Tumor angiogenesis is a major step in tumor progression to clinically symptomatic cancer and thus a potential target for cancer therapy. It is essential to understand the fundamental mechanisms of the angiogenic processes to provide a rational for testing inhibitory strategies for cancer treatment. The dorsal skin fold chamber provides a suitable (chronic) model for intravital microscopy to monitor the same tumor in time-lapse imaging series and in real-time functional analysis e.g., of blood flow. Adaptation of this model to several rodent species and tumor types has led to numerous physical and drug based therapy options. With modification of implantation techniques, motility and invasion of individual cells can be visualized, in addition to angiogenesis and mic... Clinical and Experimental Metastasis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2163098 Wed, 04 Feb 2009 13:23:59 +0100 2163098 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2134337&cid=s_33451_6_f&fid=33451&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fxp6433p41l801518%2F Abstract  Pheochromocytomas are chromaffin cell-derived neuroendocrine tumors. There is presently no cure for metastatic pheochromocytoma and no reliable way to distinguish malignant from benign tumors before the development of metastases. In order to successfully manage pheochromocytoma, it is necessary to better understand the biological determinants of tumor behavior. For this purpose, we have recently established a mouse model of metastatic pheochromocytoma using tail vein injection of mouse pheochromocytoma (MPC) cells. We optimized this model modifying the number of cells injected, length of trypsin pre-treatment, and incubation temperature and duration for the MPC cells before injection, and by serial passage and re-selection of tumors exhibiting the metastatic pheno... Clinical and Experimental Metastasis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2134337 Sun, 25 Jan 2009 06:44:08 +0100 2134337 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2134336&cid=s_33451_6_f&fid=33451&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F713281705h275468%2F Abstract  Tumor cell metastasis is a complex, multi-step process that is a major cause of death and morbidity amongst cancer patients. Cell adhesion plays a critical role in the development of metastatic cancer, and it is mediated by interactions between receptors on the cell surface and ligands of the extracellular matrix or other surfaces. Therefore, inhibition of the cell adhesion process appears to be an effective method of preventing metastasis. This work describes a genetically engineered polypeptide with the potential to prevent cell adhesion and inhibit metastasis. We have found that the cell penetrating peptide Tat, fused with elastin-like polypeptide (ELP) inhibited adhesion, spreading, invasion and migration of SKOV-3 ovarian cancer cells in cell culture. Further... Clinical and Experimental Metastasis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2134336 Sun, 25 Jan 2009 06:44:08 +0100 2134336 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2130903&cid=s_33451_6_f&fid=33451&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F923500w372380141%2F Abstract  The BRMS1 metastasis suppressor was recently shown to negatively regulate NF-κB signaling and down regulate NF-κB-dependent uPA expression. Here we confirm that BRMS1 expression correlates with reduced NF-κB DNA binding activity in independently derived human melanoma C8161.9 cells stably expressing BRMS1. We show that knockdown of BRMS1 expression in these cells using small interfering RNA (siRNA) leads to the reactivation of NF-κB DNA binding activity and re-expression of uPA. Further, we confirm that BRMS1 expression does not alter IKKβ kinase activity suggesting that BRMS1-dependent uPA regulation does not occur through inhibition of the classical upstream activators of NF-κB. BRMS1 has been implicated as a corepressor of HDAC1 and consistent with this, ... Clinical and Experimental Metastasis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2130903 Fri, 23 Jan 2009 09:55:46 +0100 2130903 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2072939&cid=s_33451_6_f&fid=33451&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fm1g2j3750823l2vr%2F Abstract   MTA (metastasis-associated gene) is a newly discovered family of cancer progression-related genes and their encoded products. MTA1, the first gene found in this family, has been repeatedly reported to be overexpressed along with its protein product MTA1 in a wide range of human cancers. In addition, the expression of MTA1/MTA1 correlates with the clinicopathological properties (malignant properties) of human cancers. MTA proteins are transcriptional co-repressors that function in histone deacetylation and are involved in the NuRD complex, which contains nucleosome remodeling and histone deacetylating molecules. MTA1 expression correlates with tumor formation in the mammary gland. In addition, MTA1 converts breast cancer cells to a more aggressive phenotype by rep... Clinical and Experimental Metastasis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2072939 Wed, 31 Dec 2008 10:00:38 +0100 2072939 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2072940&cid=s_33451_6_f&fid=33451&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F102574228038m751%2F Abstract  The most important predictor of prognosis in breast cancer is lymph node status, yet little is known about molecular changes associated with lymph node metastasis. Here, gene expression analysis was performed on primary breast (PBT) and corresponding metastatic lymph node (MLN) tumors to identify molecular signatures associated with nodal metastasis. RNA was isolated after laser microdissection from frozen PBT and MLN from 20 patients with positive lymph nodes and hybridized to the microarray chips. Differential expression was determined using Mann–Whitney testing; Bonferroni corrected P values of 0.05 and 0.001 were calculated. Results were validated using TaqMan assays. Fifty-one genes were differentially expressed (P < 1 × 10−5, less ... Clinical and Experimental Metastasis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2072940 Sun, 28 Dec 2008 07:02:43 +0100 2072940 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2072941&cid=s_33451_6_f&fid=33451&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fq7765x72461n2708%2F Abstract  In breast tumors, high levels of leptin have been associated with increased incidence of breast cancer metastasis. Breast cancer metastasis is directly associated with breast cancer cell invasion. However, whether leptin could augment breast cancer cell invasion is not known. Here we showed that leptin increased the invasiveness and the matrix metallo-proteinase-2 (MMP-2) activity of the MCF-7 breast cancer cell line. Leptin stimulated the phosphorylation of extracellular signals regulated kinases, signal transducers and activators of transcription 3 and Jun N-terminal kinases (JNK); however, only inhibition of JNK decreased leptin-mediated activation of MMP-2. Furthermore, inhibition of JNK suppressed leptin-mediated breast cancer cell invasion. Here we report th... Clinical and Experimental Metastasis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2072941 Sun, 28 Dec 2008 07:02:39 +0100 2072941 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2072942&cid=s_33451_6_f&fid=33451&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fgk7731270q408163%2F In this study, we screened genome of three HCC cell lines with consistently increased metastatic potentials and sharing same genetic background, through DNA microarray and found consecutively up-regulated expression of PKCβ in these cell lines compared to others PKCs, which was reconfirmed by real time RT-PCR and western blot analysis. Moreover, it was found, after efficient silence of PKCβ by RNAi assay or inhibition of PKCβ activity by a specific inhibitor LY317615, migration and invasion of HCC cells significantly decreased. In addition, depletion of PKCβ protein significantly reversed the enhancement of PMA-stimulated HCC migration and invasion ability in vitro. All the data suggest a key role of PKCβ in HCC motility and PKCβ may be a potential therapeutic target. C... Clinical and Experimental Metastasis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2072942 Sun, 28 Dec 2008 07:02:30 +0100 2072942 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2051796&cid=s_33451_6_f&fid=33451&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fb601854386825163%2F Content Type Journal ArticleDOI 10.1007/s10585-008-9229-4Authors Suzanne Eccles, The Institute of Cancer Research Tumour Biology and Metastasis, Cancer Research UK Centre for Cancer Therapeutics, McElwain Laboratories Sutton UKTatsuro Irimura, University of Tokyo Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Molecular Immunology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Tokyo JapanDan Welch, University of Alabama at Birmingham Department of Pathology Birmingham AL USA Journal Clinical and Experimental MetastasisOnline ISSN 1573-7276Print ISSN 0262-0898 (Source: Clinical and Experimental Metastasis) Clinical and Experimental Metastasis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2051796 Wed, 17 Dec 2008 08:41:15 +0100 2051796 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2039178&cid=s_33451_6_f&fid=33451&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F48hr8l6314j655m8%2F This study demonstrates the use of a biodegradable hydrogel system for the co-delivery of an immunoadjuvant and an anti-cancer drug for successful chemo-immunotherapy. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Research PaperDOI 10.1007/s10585-008-9228-5Authors Soo Hong Seo, Korea University College of Medicine Department of Dermatology, Korea University Ansan Hospital Gojan 1-dong, Danwon-gu Ansan-si Gyeonggi-do 425-707 South KoreaHee Dong Han, Korea University Laboratory of Infection and Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine Gojan 1-dong Danwon-gu Ansan-si Gyeonggi-do 425-707 South KoreaKyung Hee Noh, Korea University Laboratory of Infection and Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine Gojan 1-dong Danwon-gu Ansan-si Gyeonggi-do 425-707 South KoreaTae Woo Kim, Korea University Laborator... Clinical and Experimental Metastasis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2039178 Sun, 14 Dec 2008 08:53:06 +0100 2039178 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2039177&cid=s_33451_6_f&fid=33451&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fc37v2hn3740416r2%2F Abstract  The roles of proteases in cancer are dynamic. Furthermore, the roles or functions of any one protease may differ from one stage of cancer to another. Proteases from tumor-associated cells (e.g., fibroblasts, inflammatory cells, endothelial cells) as well as from tumor cells make important contributions to ‘tumor proteolysis’. Many tumors exhibit increases in expression of proteases at the level of transcripts and protein; however, whether those proteases play causal roles in malignant progression is known for only a handful of proteases. What the critical substrate or substrates that are cleaved in vivo by any given protease is also known for only a few proteases. Therefore, the recent development of techniques and reagents for live cell imaging of protease ac... Clinical and Experimental Metastasis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2039177 Sun, 14 Dec 2008 08:53:06 +0100 2039177 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2039179&cid=s_33451_6_f&fid=33451&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fu34n454j523w33j2%2F This study suggests that clinical use of anti-fibrinolytic agents for cancer-related surgeries could result in increased metastatic ability of those cells shed immediately prior to and during surgery, and that this approach thus requires further study. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Research PaperDOI 10.1007/s10585-008-9221-zAuthors Jennifer M. Kirstein, London Health Sciences Centre London Regional Cancer Program 790 Commissioners Road East London ON Canada N6A 4L6Kevin C. Graham, London Health Sciences Centre London Regional Cancer Program 790 Commissioners Road East London ON Canada N6A 4L6Lisa T. MacKenzie, University of Western Ontario Department of Medical Biophysics London ON CanadaDanielle E. Johnston, University of Western Ontario Department of Medical Biophysics Londo... Clinical and Experimental Metastasis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2039179 Fri, 12 Dec 2008 09:26:04 +0100 2039179 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2032568&cid=s_33451_6_f&fid=33451&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fex5453v4178h1624%2F Abstract   Cancer progression is facilitated by blood coagulation. Anticoagulants, such as Hirudin and low molecular weight heparins (LMWHs), reduce metastasis mainly by inhibition of thrombin formation and L- and P-selectin-mediated cell-cell adhesion. It is unknown whether the effects are dependent on cancer cell type. The effects of anticoagulants on tumor development of K1735 and B16 melanoma cells and CT26 colon cancer cells were investigated in mouse lung. Tumor load was determined noninvasively each week up to day 21 in all experiments using bioluminescence imaging. Effects of anticoagulants on tumor development of the three cell lines were correlated with the fibrin/fibrinogen content in the tumors, expression of tissue factor (TF), protease activated receptor (PAR)... Clinical and Experimental Metastasis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2032568 Wed, 10 Dec 2008 08:03:50 +0100 2032568 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1954837&cid=s_33451_6_f&fid=33451&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F50322155jkp2x114%2F This study suggests that MCP-1 may be a target for PCa progression. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Research PaperDOI 10.1007/s10585-008-9226-7Authors Yi Lu, University of Pittsburgh Department of Medicine Pittsburgh PA 15240 USAQiuyan Chen, University of Pittsburgh Department of Medicine Pittsburgh PA 15240 USAEva Corey, University of Washington Department of Urology Seattle WA 98195 USAWen Xie, University of Pittsburgh Center for Pharmacogenetics and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Pittsburgh PA 15261 USAJie Fan, University of Pittsburgh Department of Medicine Pittsburgh PA 15240 USAAtsushi Mizokami, Kanazawa University Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences Kanazawa JapanJian Zhang, University of Pittsburgh Department of Medicine Pittsburgh PA 15240 U... Clinical and Experimental Metastasis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1954837 Tue, 11 Nov 2008 08:03:58 +0100 1954837 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1944918&cid=s_33451_6_f&fid=33451&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Flw4480243l203001%2F We examined the association of DTC detection (cytokeratin 8, 18 or 19 positive epithelial cells with cancerous morphological features), at metastatic relapse, with the metastasis-free interval in breast cancer patients. In the 110 metastatic patients studied, 42% (n = 64/110) were classified as BM DTC-negative. These patients had a significantly shorter metastasis-free interval than BM DTC-positive patients (P = 0.02). In multivariate logistic regression analysis, the metastasis-free interval was an independent predictor of DTC detection (P = 0.02), together with bone metastasis (P = 0.0003) and low tumor grade (grade I or II, P = 0.05). We finally suggest that a faster metastatic process might skip in some patients the BM DTC-associate... Clinical and Experimental Metastasis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1944918 Fri, 07 Nov 2008 08:15:08 +0100 1944918 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1944919&cid=s_33451_6_f&fid=33451&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F6026h1nl35rh5435%2F Abstract  We have studied the gene expression pattern of invasive primary mammary tumor cells using a unique in vivo invasion assay that isolates the invasive tumor cells by chemotaxis. One of the genes upregulated in the invasive tumor cells is Mena, an actin binding protein involved in the regulation of cell motility. There are multiple known splice variants of Mena accounted for by four alternatively included exons, +, ++, +++ and 11a. Using the in vivo invasion assay in rats and mice with mammary tumors we observed that two isoforms of Mena, ++ and +++, are upregulated in the invasive tumor cells and one isoform, 11a, is downregulated. The Mena isoform switching pattern described here may provide a new biomarker for the presence of metastatic cancer ... Clinical and Experimental Metastasis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1944919 Thu, 06 Nov 2008 00:38:17 +0100 1944919 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1929734&cid=s_33451_6_f&fid=33451&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fn37m6l133267p22l%2F Abstract  Deaths from colorectal cancer are often due to liver metastasis. Trefoil factor-3 (TFF3) is expressed by normal intestinal epithelial cells and its expression is maintained throughout the colon adenoma-carcinoma sequence. Our previous work demonstrated a correlation between TFF3 expression and metastatic potential in an animal model of colon cancer. The aim of this study was to determine whether TFF3 is expressed in human colon cancer liver metastasis (CCLM) and whether inhibiting TFF3 expression in colon cancer cells would alter their invasive potential in vitro. Human CCLMs were analyzed at the mRNA and protein level for TFF3 expression. Two highly metastatic rat colon cancer cell lines that either natively express TFF3 (LN cells) or were transfected with TFF3 (... Clinical and Experimental Metastasis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1929734 Sun, 02 Nov 2008 07:10:32 +0100 1929734 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1926272&cid=s_33451_6_f&fid=33451&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fj70k8t8177u2l268%2F Abstract  Members of the gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP) family and its analogs bombesin (BBN) have been implicated in the biology of several human cancers including prostate, breast, colon and lung. To date, three mammalian GRP/BBN receptor subtypes have been cloned and characterized: the neuromedin B receptor (NMBR), the GRP receptor (GRPR) and the BBN-receptor subtype 3 (BB3). The fourth BBN receptor subtype, BB4, has only been identified in amphibian and at present no mammalian equivalent of this receptor has been described. GRPR analogs have been used as carriers to deliver drugs, radionuclides and cytotoxins to target various cancer types that are GRPR positive. We investigated the in vitro binding properties of 177Lu-AMBA, a novel radiolabelled BBN analog currentl... Clinical and Experimental Metastasis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1926272 Fri, 31 Oct 2008 07:18:37 +0100 1926272 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1920564&cid=s_33451_6_f&fid=33451&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fy1230683n6257235%2F Abstract  Recent advances in microscopic imaging technology, fluorescent reporter reagents, 3-dimensional (3D) cell models and multiparametric image analysis have enhanced our ability to model and understand complex cell physiology. Extension of these approaches to live cell, kinetic studies allows further spatial and temporal understanding of a multitude of dynamic functional events, including tumour cell invasion. Recent in vivo and 3D in vitro studies reveal how tumour cells utilize a diverse variety of mechanisms to permit invasion through 3D tissue environments. Such high degrees of diversity and plasticity between invasion mechanisms present a significant challenge to the successful treatment of malignant cancer. This review examines how advances in time-res... Clinical and Experimental Metastasis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1920564 Wed, 29 Oct 2008 07:04:58 +0100 1920564 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1911059&cid=s_33451_6_f&fid=33451&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fq1700427j8853115%2F Abstract  Melanoma is commonly associated with multi-organ metastasis, and bone is a frequent metastatic site for melanoma. However, the mechanism responsible for such melanoma-induced bone metastasis is still poorly understood. In the present study, the intracardiac inoculation of leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF)-producing human melanoma-derived cells (SEKI) developed osteolytic bone destruction in male BALB/cA-nu/nu nude mice. To elucidate the role of LIF in melanoma-induced osteolysis, cells were prepared in which the expression of LIF was reduced using a siRNA technique from the parent SEKI cells. Osteoclastogenesis was induced in the co-culture of LIF and/or SEKI cells with osteoblastic stromal cells in vitro, whereas the LIF-reduced SEKI cells did not induce osteoclas... Clinical and Experimental Metastasis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1911059 Sat, 25 Oct 2008 08:40:58 +0100 1911059 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1900483&cid=s_33451_6_f&fid=33451&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fv320q582h0755736%2F Abstract  The role of molecular imaging in pre-clinical research is continuously evolving. Particularly in small animal models in biomedical research, optical imaging technologies are frequently used to visualize normal as well as aberrant cellular processes at a molecular-genetic or cellular level of function. Also in cancer metastasis research, whole body bioluminescent and fluorescent imaging techniques have become indispensable tools that allow non-invasive and real-time imaging of gene expression, tumor progression and metastasis, and response to therapeutic intervention. In this paper, we discuss the use of optical imaging strategies—either alone or in combination with CT- to study intrabone tumor growth, tumor progression and to monitor efficacy of therapeutic agen... Clinical and Experimental Metastasis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1900483 Wed, 22 Oct 2008 06:03:26 +0100 1900483 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1900482&cid=s_33451_6_f&fid=33451&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fd53500324g6440jk%2F Abstract  The spinal column is the most frequent site of bone metastasis in patients with breast cancer. It is important to understand how the pattern of vertebral lesions may be affected by the introduction of modern cancer therapies. The purpose of this study was to characterize changes in the radiological appearance of spinal column metastases over the past decade using highly automated Computed Tomography (CT) based computational analysis methods. Two case series studies were performed using CT scans of patients with confirmed spinal metastases secondary to breast cancer: Cohort A with CT scans acquired between 1998 and 2001 and Cohort B with CT scans acquired between 2004 and 2007. Diseased vertebrae were classified as lytic, blastic, or mixed based on CT scan intensit... Clinical and Experimental Metastasis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1900482 Wed, 22 Oct 2008 06:03:26 +0100 1900482 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1900484&cid=s_33451_6_f&fid=33451&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fr2530632857005x1%2F Content Type Journal ArticleCategory ProceedingsDOI 10.1007/s10585-008-9214-y Journal Clinical and Experimental MetastasisOnline ISSN 1573-7276Print ISSN 0262-0898 (Source: Clinical and Experimental Metastasis) Clinical and Experimental Metastasis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1900484 Tue, 21 Oct 2008 06:20:15 +0100 1900484 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1887877&cid=s_33451_6_f&fid=33451&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fc7424311k6686t17%2F Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Research PaperDOI 10.1007/s10585-008-9211-1Authors Kent Hunter, Laboratory of Cancer Biology & Genetics 37/5046, 37 Convent Drive Bethesda MD 20892-4264 USAAnn F. Chambers, London Regional Cancer Program 790 Commissioners Road East London ON Canada N6A 4L6 Journal Clinical and Experimental MetastasisOnline ISSN 1573-7276Print ISSN 0262-0898 (Source: Clinical and Experimental Metastasis) Clinical and Experimental Metastasis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1887877 Fri, 17 Oct 2008 09:40:56 +0100 1887877 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1867920&cid=s_33451_6_f&fid=33451&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F356023764v4v248h%2F Abstract  Clinical studies evaluating the mRNA expression level of the BRMS1 metastasis suppressor in the progression of breast cancer have not been consistent. The purpose of this study was to characterize endogenous BRMS1 mRNA and protein in a model of the progression of breast cancer. BRMS1 protein expression was evaluated in the genetically related MCF10 cell lines representing ‘normal’ breast epithelial cells (MCF10A), pre-malignant breast disease (MCF10AT), comedo ductal carcinoma in situ (MCF10DCIS.com), and metastatic carcinoma (MCF10CAa.1 and MCF10CAd.1α) with two antibodies that recognize distinct epitopes in the BRMS1 protein. Nuclear expression of the characteristic ~35 kDa BRMS1 protein was detected in all cell lines. Because BRMS1 was expressed i... Clinical and Experimental Metastasis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1867920 Wed, 08 Oct 2008 12:09:12 +0100 1867920 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1867922&cid=s_33451_6_f&fid=33451&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F08071211j5jq7l72%2F Abstract  Recently the concept that gap junctions play a role in cancer cell metastasis has emerged. However, the mechanism by which this might occur is unknown. To examine this issue a metastatic breast cancer cell line, MDA-MB-435, was stably transfected with human Cx43 cDNA. Four clones of 435 transfectants (435/Cx43+ c1, c6, c8, c14) and two clones of plasmid control (435/hy) were isolated and examined in this study. We found that expressing Cx43 in MDA-MB-435 cells decreased their expression of Cx32 but did not affect gap junctional intercellular communication, migration or invasion through Matrigel®. However, forced expression of Cx43 decreased the growth of MDA-MB-435 cells, decreased expression of N-cadherin, which is frequently associated with an aggressive phenoty... Clinical and Experimental Metastasis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1867922 Wed, 08 Oct 2008 10:51:55 +0100 1867922 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1867921&cid=s_33451_6_f&fid=33451&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fg54265506v322881%2F This study examines the link between Src and integrin activity in the metastatic process in colon cancer cells. To determine Src involvement in integrin expression, the human colon cancer cell line, HCT116, was transfected with an activated Src construct and assayed for its ability to attach to and migrate across collagen and laminin. These cells attached more readily and migrated less rapidly on the extracellular matrix (ECM) than did cells transfected with empty vector. Examination of integrin levels showed a decrease in the α3 subunit in Src transfected cells as well as decreased cell surface localization of α3 integrin. The downregulation of α3 integrin was reversed by inhibition of Src and by inhibition of MAP kinase. Inhibition of α3 integrin using shRNA resulted in decreas... Clinical and Experimental Metastasis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1867921 Wed, 08 Oct 2008 10:51:55 +0100 1867921 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1840424&cid=s_33451_6_f&fid=33451&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fa7254047n7jk8t87%2F Abstract  Immunotherapy by vaccination represents a novel method for treatment of cancer. In this regard, vaccines with the broadest possible menu of relevant antigens stand the greatest chance of success. Tissue vaccines are composed of material harvested directly from tumors and contain not only antigens associated with neoplastic epithelium, but also those that may be unique to in vivo growth and antigens associated with the tumor stroma. To test the hypothesis that a tissue vaccine, produced by glutaraldehyde fixation of harvested syngeneic prostate tumors (GFT vaccine), could be used for treatment of prostate cancer, male Lobund-Wistar (LW) rats were treated with methylnitrosourea (MNU) and testosterone propionate to induce autochthonous prostate tumors. Tumor-bea... Clinical and Experimental Metastasis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1840424 Sun, 28 Sep 2008 18:43:39 +0100 1840424 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1828833&cid=s_33451_6_f&fid=33451&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Ft865533k70156227%2F Abstract  Breast cancer is the most common malignancy and second leading cause of cancer death in women. Ninety percent of mortality in breast cancer is often associated with metastatic progression or relapse in patients. Critical stages in the development of aggressive breast cancer include the growth of primary tumors and their ability to spread to foreign organs and form metastases, as well as the establishment of an independent blood supply within the new tumors. Hence, it is imperative to characterize the key molecules that regulate the metastasis of human breast cancer cells. The expression of CXCR4/CXCL12 in breast tumors has been correlated with a poor prognosis, increased metastasis, resistance to conventional therapeutic agents and a poor outcome in the pathogenes... Clinical and Experimental Metastasis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1828833 Wed, 24 Sep 2008 08:31:49 +0100 1828833 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1828835&cid=s_33451_6_f&fid=33451&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fau065614k2003748%2F Abstract  In the current study, we examine heparin’s anti-metastatic properties by using a well-defined mouse model of osteolytic bone metastasis. C57BL/6 mice were treated with increasing doses of unfractionated heparin (15, 20, or 25 units/mouse) 30 min prior to the left ventricular injection of GFP-transfected B16F10 melanoma cells. Heparin’s effect on tumour burden and bone strength was then quantified 14 days later by bone histomorphometry and biomechanical testing, respectively. Based on histomorphometric analysis of the femurs, injection of GFP-transfected melanoma cells resulted in a 37% decrease in cancellous bone volume and a 68% increase in osteoclast surface. This was associated with a 13% reduction in bone strength as measured by biomechanical... Clinical and Experimental Metastasis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1828835 Wed, 24 Sep 2008 08:31:48 +0100 1828835 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1828834&cid=s_33451_6_f&fid=33451&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fj6r1m77l851rq672%2F Abstract  Tumor progression ensues within a three-dimensional microenvironment that consists of cellular and non-cellular components. The extracellular matrix (ECM) and hypoxia are two non-cellular components that potently influence metastasis. ECM remodeling and collagen cross-linking stiffen the tissue stroma to promote transformation, tumor growth, motility and invasion, enhance cancer cell survival, enable metastatic dissemination, and facilitate the establishment of tumor cells at distant sites. Matrix degradation can additionally promote malignant progression and metastasis. Tumor hypoxia is functionally linked to altered stromal-epithelial interactions. Hypoxia additionally induces the expression of pro-migratory, survival and invasion genes, and up-regulates express... Clinical and Experimental Metastasis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1828834 Wed, 24 Sep 2008 08:31:48 +0100 1828834 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1789998&cid=s_33451_6_f&fid=33451&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Ft14x274gr3676562%2F Abstract  The lung is the second most common site of metastatic spread in breast cancer and experimental evidence has been provided in many systems for the importance of an organ-specific microenvironment in the development of metastasis. To better understand the interaction between tumor and host cells in this important secondary site, we have developed a 3D in vitro organotypic model of breast tumor metastatic growth in the lung. In our model, cells isolated from mouse lungs are placed in a collagen sponge to serve as a scaffold and co-cultured with a green fluorescent protein-labeled polyoma virus middle T antigen (PyVT) mammary tumor cell line. Analysis of the co-culture system was performed using flow cytometry to determine the relative constitution of the co-cultures ... Clinical and Experimental Metastasis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1789998 Fri, 12 Sep 2008 07:49:26 +0100 1789998 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1789997&cid=s_33451_6_f&fid=33451&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F3525r40604444nh3%2F Conclusion There was a negative correlation between CyclinD1 expression and p16 expression in LSCC. The over-expression of CyclinD1 and the under-expression of p16 may play a significant role in the incidence and development of LSCC and may be important indicators for cervical lymph node metastases in Chinese patients of LSCC. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Research PaperDOI 10.1007/s10585-008-9207-xAuthors Zhi-jie Fu, Clinical Medical College of Shandong University Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital Jinan ChinaZhi-yong Ma, Shandong University Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education and Chinese Ministry of Public Health Jinan ChinaQi-rong Wang, Clinical Medical College of Shandong ... Clinical and Experimental Metastasis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1789997 Fri, 12 Sep 2008 07:49:26 +0100 1789997 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1789999&cid=s_33451_6_f&fid=33451&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Faq8g305824745282%2F Abstract  Whole-body imaging with fluorescent proteins has been shown to be a powerful technology to follow the dynamics of metastatic cancer. Whole-body imaging of fluorescent protein-expressing-cancer cells enables the facile determination of efficacy of candidate anti-tumor and anti-metastatic agents in mouse models. GFP-expressing transgenic mice transplanted with the RFP-expressing cancer cells enable the distinction of cancer and host cells and the efficacy of drugs on each type of cell. This is particularly useful for imaging tumor angiogenesis. Cancer-cell trafficking through the cardiovascular and lymphatic systems is the critical means of spread of cancer. The use of fluorescent proteins to differentially label cancer calls in the nucleus and cytoplasm and high-po... Clinical and Experimental Metastasis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1789999 Fri, 12 Sep 2008 07:49:25 +0100 1789999 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1763473&cid=s_33451_6_f&fid=33451&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fd56tg3688x8424mw%2F Abstract  Cyclophosphamide (CTX), as a common use of chemotherapeutic agent, has some side effects in clinical treatment. In our experiments, we studied CTX-treated T739 mice using histopathology, immunohistochemistry, reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and Western blot for markers of proliferation, angiogenesis, tumor progression and distant metastasis. As a result, CTX increased the number and area of metastases and tumor embolus in lungs by effecting on the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-2, intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-2. Taken together, it indicated that CTX enhanced the process of pulmonary metastasis by the synergistic effect of matrix-degrading proteases and adhesion proteins. Content Type Journal ... Clinical and Experimental Metastasis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1763473 Wed, 03 Sep 2008 12:52:11 +0100 1763473 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1763474&cid=s_33451_6_f&fid=33451&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fl1074x265k577353%2F Abstract  Cancer metastasis involves complex cell behavior and interaction with the extracellular matrix by metabolically active cells. To observe invasion and metastasis with sub-cellular resolution in vivo, multiphoton microscopy (MPM) allows imaging more deeply into tissues with less toxicity, compared with other optical imaging methods. MPM can be combined with second harmonic generation (SHG), fluorescent lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM), and spectral-lifetime imaging microscopy (SLIM). SHG facilitates imaging of stromal collagen and tumor–stroma interactions, including the architecture and remodeling of the tumor microenvironment. FLIM allows characterization of exogenous and endogenous fluorophores, such as the metabolites FAD and NADH to score for metabolic stat... Clinical and Experimental Metastasis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1763474 Wed, 03 Sep 2008 12:52:10 +0100 1763474 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1723000&cid=s_33451_6_f&fid=33451&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F11177389652t15l4%2F Abstract  Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has a tendency for intravascular dissemination leading to a poor prognosis. The importance of the sinusoidal structure of the tumor vasculature in HCC has been implicated in the metastasis formation. To clarify the role of tumor angiogenesis in HCC metastasis, we morphologically investigated the interaction of HCC cells with blood vessels during the sequential process of metastasis. Autopsy specimens of 80 patients with HCC were examined with immunohistochemistry using a specific antibody against CD31, a marker for endothelial cells. The most frequent sites of metastasis were the liver (82.5%) and lung (43.8%). In most cases, the metastatic process was initiated by vascular involvement where tumor nests surrounded by sinusoidal vesse... Clinical and Experimental Metastasis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1723000 Wed, 20 Aug 2008 08:41:44 +0100 1723000 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1713584&cid=s_33451_6_f&fid=33451&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F381325936580058q%2F Abstract  Bone metastasis occurs frequently in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) patients causing significant morbidity by stimulating excessive osteolysis, yet the mechanisms responsible have been little studied. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are over-expressed in many cancer types and are believed to play a role in bone metastasis, however, the expression of MMPs in RCC bone metastasis (RBM) has not been investigated. Due to their ability to degrade the main component of organic bone matrix, type I collagen, we investigated the expression of MMP-1, -2, -8, -9, and -13 in RBM. By quantitative (q)RT-PCR, expression of MMP-13 was significantly increased in RBM tissues relative to that in RCC and adjacent normal kidney while no differences in the expression of MMP-1, -2, -8, or -... Clinical and Experimental Metastasis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1713584 Sat, 16 Aug 2008 08:57:11 +0100 1713584 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1704418&cid=s_33451_6_f&fid=33451&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fr1887n4336046682%2F Abstract  NSCLC cells with a mesenchymal phenotype have shown a marked reduction in sensitivity to EGFR inhibitors, though the molecular rationale has remained obscure. Here we find that in mesenchymal-like tumor cells both tyrosine phosphorylation of EGFR, ErbB2, and ErbB3 signaling networks and expression of EGFR family ligands were decreased. While chronic activation of EGFR can promote an EMT-like transition, once having occurred EGFR family signaling was attenuated. We investigated the mechanisms by which mesenchymal-like cells bypass EGFR signaling and acquire alternative routes of proliferative and survival signaling. Mesenchymal-like NSCLC cells exhibit aberrant PDGFR and FGFR expression and autocrine signaling through these receptors can activate the MEK-ERK and PI... Clinical and Experimental Metastasis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1704418 Tue, 12 Aug 2008 07:37:21 +0100 1704418 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1685781&cid=s_33451_6_f&fid=33451&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fd8p407628v742830%2F In this study, the expression of VEGF and MVD were evaluated immunohistochemically in 22 cases of MPNST, 14 of neurofibroma and 19 of schwannoma and correlation of the staining grade of VEGF or MVD and the various clinical factors were analyzed, and statistically evaluated. Levels of VEGF mRNA expression were also determined with real-time RT-PCR. Statistically higher positive staining for VEGF was observed in MPNST compared to neurofibroma (P = 0.004) and schwannoma (P < 0.001). Even low grade MPNST showed higher VEGF positive staining than neurofibroma. Moreover, high VEGF expression statistically correlated with the poor prognosis of the patients with MPNST (P = 0.015). Although MVD in MPNST was significantly higher than that in neurofibroma (P = 0.... Clinical and Experimental Metastasis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1685781 Tue, 05 Aug 2008 06:12:38 +0100 1685781 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1674231&cid=s_33451_6_f&fid=33451&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F18181024777j1246%2F Abstract  Matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) have been implicated in several steps of tumor metastasis, such as invasion in the extracellular matrix, intravasation, extravasation, and growth in a distant organ site. Various synthetic MMP inhibitors have been reported to suppress tumor metastasis in animal models. However, there are few reports describing which steps in the metastasis process are most critical for inhibition by MMP inhibitors. In the experimental lung colonization model by i.v. injection of mouse B16-F10 melanoma cells, we found that the daily administration of MMI270 for 2 weeks significantly decreased the number of colonies in the lung compared with the control without affecting the size of colony. Micrometastasis was monitored day 7 post-inoculation by measu... Clinical and Experimental Metastasis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1674231 Thu, 31 Jul 2008 08:03:10 +0100 1674231 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1670949&cid=s_33451_6_f&fid=33451&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fq02630t551177404%2F Abstract  Recent technological advances in photonics are making intravital microscopy (IVM) an increasingly powerful approach for the mechanistic exploration of biological processes in the physiological context of complex native tissue environments. Direct, dynamic and multiparametric visualization of immune cell behavior in living animals at cellular and subcellular resolution has already proved its utility in auditing basic immunological concepts established through conventional approaches and has also generated new hypotheses that can conversely be complemented and refined by traditional experimental methods. The insight that outgrowing tumors must not necessarily have evaded recognition by the adaptive immune system, but can escape rejection by actively inducing a state... Clinical and Experimental Metastasis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1670949 Wed, 30 Jul 2008 08:06:32 +0100 1670949 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1651990&cid=s_33451_6_f&fid=33451&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fwh15lnx55434t006%2F Conclusion The VX2 rabbit model of liver cancer is a suitable model to compare the influence of partial hepatectomy, intra-arterial treatment with 3-BrPA and TACE on tumor recurrence in the form of regional and distant metastases. Our results indicate that intra-arterial delivery of 3-BrPA may result in a favorable metastatic profile when compared to both liver resection and TACE. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Research PaperDOI 10.1007/s10585-008-9195-xAuthors Josephina A. Vossen, Johns Hopkins Hospital Division of Vascular and Interventional Radiology, Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences 600 North Wolfe Street, Blalock 545 Baltimore MD 21287 USAManon Buijs, Johns Hopkins Hospital Division of Vascular and Interventional Radiology, Russell H. Mo... Clinical and Experimental Metastasis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1651990 Wed, 23 Jul 2008 05:56:56 +0100 1651990 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1651989&cid=s_33451_6_f&fid=33451&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F6838w8k447l728wk%2F Abstract  Interactions between tumor cells and the microenvironment are crucial to tumor formation and metastasis. The central nervous system serves as a “sanctuary” site for metastasis, resulting in poor prognosis in diagnosed patients. The incidence of brain metastasis is increasing; however, little is known about interactions between the brain and metastatic cells. Brain pathology was examined in an experimental model system of brain metastasis, using a subline of MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells. The results were compared with an analysis of sixteen resected human brain metastases of breast cancer. Experimental metastases formed preferentially in specific brain regions, with a distribution similar to clinical cases. In both the 231-BR model, and in human specime... Clinical and Experimental Metastasis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1651989 Wed, 23 Jul 2008 05:56:56 +0100 1651989 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1605354&cid=s_33451_6_f&fid=33451&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fw761777152408963%2F Abstract  Various roles have been attributed to Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in cancer. Evidence exists for a pro-apoptotic function, consistent with a protective role of AChE. Because other reports suggested that upregulated AChE in some tumors may control cell adhesion, we tested the effects of AChE on anchorage independence (an essential component of metastasis) of colon tumor cells. Several AChE inhibitors dose-dependently suppressed colony formation of HTB-38 cells in soft agar. This effect of AChE was confirmed with HTB-38 cells stably overexpressing AChE. In contrast, cell proliferation was not altered by the effective doses of these chemical inhibitors or by transfected AChE. Protection from cell cycle arrest consecutive to cancer cell detachment may be conveyed by c... Clinical and Experimental Metastasis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1605354 Wed, 09 Jul 2008 06:27:08 +0100 1605354 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1581710&cid=s_33451_6_f&fid=33451&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fu6876t5w6834l27h%2F Abstract  For cancer progression and metastatic dissemination, cancer cells migrate and penetrate through extracellular tissues. Cancer invasion is frequently facilitated by proteolytic processing of components of the extracellular matrix (ECM). The cellular regions mediating proteolysis are diverse and depend upon the physical structure, composition, and dimensionality of the ECM contacted by the cell surface. Cancer cells migrating across 2D substrate contain proteolytic structures such as lamellipodia, invadopodia, and the trailing edge. Likewise, invasive mesenchymal migration through 3D fibrillar ECM, as monitored for HT1080 fibrosarcoma and MDA-MB-231 breast carcinoma cells by submicron-resolved imaging, is mediated by several types of proteolytic structures rich in f... Clinical and Experimental Metastasis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1581710 Fri, 04 Jul 2008 06:05:46 +0100 1581710 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1581711&cid=s_33451_6_f&fid=33451&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fk535l7831816554m%2F Abstract  Cancer metastasis follows a sequential series of events, and many of the critical steps are distinctly similar to EMT-like transformations that occur during normal embryonic development. A current area of focus is the similarities between how cancer cells interact with the ectopic parenchyma after metastatic spread, and secondary developmental MET events that occur in epithelial tissues that have re-assembled within the embryo from mesenchymal cells. Accumulating evidence suggests a critical role for these secondary events, termed mesenchymal-epithelial transitions (MET) in development and mesenchymal-epithelial reverting transitions (MErT) in cancer. In this situation, metastatic seed cancer cells may inertly become part of the ectopic tissue and therefore surmou... Clinical and Experimental Metastasis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1581711 Fri, 04 Jul 2008 06:05:44 +0100 1581711 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1552906&cid=s_33451_6_f&fid=33451&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fu662224x8186x781%2F In conclusion, this study provides additional information on the functional subtypes and distribution of DCs infiltrating metastatic tissue and local liver environment in patients with liver metastases from gastrointestinal cancers. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Research PaperDOI 10.1007/s10585-008-9191-1Authors M. Gulubova, Thracian University Department of General and Clinical Pathology, Medical Faculty Stara Zagora, 11 Armeiska Str 6000 Stara Zagora BulgariaI. Manolova, University Hospital, Thracian University Laboratory of Clinical Immunology Stara Zagora BulgariaG. Cirovski, Thracian University Department of General Surgery, Medical Faculty Stara Zagora BulgariaD. Sivrev, Thracian University Department of Anatomy, Medical Faculty Stara Zagora Bulgaria Journal Clin... Clinical and Experimental Metastasis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1552906 Fri, 27 Jun 2008 06:09:36 +0100 1552906 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1536352&cid=s_33451_6_f&fid=33451&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F5240q326035x0jrv%2F Abstract   Breast Cancer Metastasis Suppressor 1 (BRMS1) suppresses metastasis of human breast cancer, ovarian cancer and melanoma in athymic mice. Studies have also shown that BRMS1 is significantly downregulated in some breast tumors, especially in metastatic disease. However, the mechanisms which regulate BRMS1 expression are currently unknown. Upon examination of the BRMS1 promoter region by methylation specific PCR (MSP) analysis, we discovered a CpG island (−3477 to −2214), which was found to be hypermethylated across breast cancer cell lines. A panel of 20 patient samples analyzed showed that 45% of the primary tumors and 60% of the matched lymph node metastases, displayed hypermethylation of BRMS1 promoter. Furthermore, we found a direct correlation between the ... Clinical and Experimental Metastasis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1536352 Fri, 20 Jun 2008 06:54:30 +0100 1536352 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1536353&cid=s_33451_6_f&fid=33451&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fvr782w08q8k774wt%2F Abstract  EMT and MET in carcinoma-clinical observations, regulatory pathways and new models. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Research PaperDOI 10.1007/s10585-008-9189-8Authors Erik W. Thompson, The University of Melbourne Department of Surgery, VBCRC Invasion and Metastasis Unit, St. Vincent’s Hospital, St. Vincent’s Institute Fitzroy VIC AustraliaElizabeth D. Williams, Monash University Centre for Cancer Research, Monash Institute of Medical Research Clayton VIC Australia Journal Clinical and Experimental MetastasisOnline ISSN 1573-7276Print ISSN 0262-0898 (Source: Clinical and Experimental Metastasis) Clinical and Experimental Metastasis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1536353 Fri, 20 Jun 2008 06:54:29 +0100 1536353 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1534952&cid=s_33451_6_f&fid=33451&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fp1043123u464g278%2F Content Type Journal ArticleCategory AbstractDOI 10.1007/s10585-008-9160-8 Journal Clinical and Experimental MetastasisOnline ISSN 1573-7276Print ISSN 0262-0898 (Source: Clinical and Experimental Metastasis) Clinical and Experimental Metastasis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1534952 Thu, 19 Jun 2008 07:07:11 +0100 1534952 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1534951&cid=s_33451_6_f&fid=33451&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fy45k442r8p106400%2F We present three clinical cases where tumors present shortly after an accidental trauma in otherwise healthy individuals. We also review current experimental human tumor dormancy models with special emphasis on the angiogenic switch which closely recapitulates clinically observed delay in tumor recurrence. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Research PaperDOI 10.1007/s10585-008-9176-0Authors George N. Naumov, Children’s Hospital Boston Vascular Biology Program 300 Longwood Ave. Boston MA 02115 USAJudah Folkman, Children’s Hospital Boston Vascular Biology Program 300 Longwood Ave. Boston MA 02115 USAOddbjorn Straume, Children’s Hospital Boston Vascular Biology Program 300 Longwood Ave. Boston MA 02115 USA Journal Clinical and Experimental MetastasisOnline ISSN 1573-727... Clinical and Experimental Metastasis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1534951 Thu, 19 Jun 2008 07:07:11 +0100 1534951 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1534953&cid=s_33451_6_f&fid=33451&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Ff8t205vl343p667l%2F Abstract  Stromal derived factor-1 (SDF-1 or CXCL12) expressed by osteoblasts and endothelial cells, and its receptors CXCR4 and CXCR7/RDC1 are key molecular determinants in prostate cancer (PCa) metastasis. What drives PCa cells into the extravascular marrow space(s) once they make contact with the blood vessel endothelium, however remains unclear. Here, we evaluated whether degradation of CXCL12 facilitates PCa cell entry into the marrow cavity by locally lowering CXCL12 levels intravascularly. To explore this possibility, co-cultured conditioned media from PCa cells and endothelial cells were evaluated for their ability to degrade biotinylated CXCL12 (bCXCL12). Co-culture of PCa cells/endothelial cells resulted in greater digestion of CXCL12 than was achieved by either c... Clinical and Experimental Metastasis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1534953 Thu, 19 Jun 2008 07:07:10 +0100 1534953 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1507229&cid=s_33451_6_f&fid=33451&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fcgk70365814r2650%2F Abstract  The microenvironment of solid tumors is a heterogeneous, complex milieu for tumor growth and survival that includes features such as acidic pH, low nutrient levels, elevated interstitial fluid pressure (IFP) and chronic and fluctuating levels of oxygenation that relate to the abnormal vascular network that exists in tumors. The metastatic potential of tumor cells is believed to be regulated by interactions between the tumor cells and their extracellular environment (extracellular matrix (ECM)). These interactions can be modified by the accumulation of genetic changes and by the transient alterations in gene expression induced by the local tumor microenvironment. Clinical and experimental evidence suggests that altered gene expression in response to the hypoxic mic... Clinical and Experimental Metastasis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1507229 Tue, 10 Jun 2008 06:02:48 +0100 1507229 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1507228&cid=s_33451_6_f&fid=33451&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fl1v347610k834478%2F Abstract  Metastatic breast cancer cells (BCs) colonize a mineralized three-dimensional (3D) osteoblastic tissue (OT) grown from isolated pre-osteoblasts for up to 5 months in a specialized bioreactor. Sequential stages of BC interaction with OT include BC adhesion, penetration, colony formation, and OT reorganization into “Indian files” paralleling BC colonies, heretofore observed only in authentic pathological cancer tissue. BCs permeabilize OT by degrading the extra-cellular collagenous matrix (ECM) in which the osteoblasts are embedded. OT maturity (characterized by culture age and cell phenotype) profoundly affects the patterns of BC colonization. BCs rapidly form colonies on immature OT (higher cell/ECM ratio, osteoblastic phenotype) but fail to completely pe... Clinical and Experimental Metastasis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1507228 Tue, 10 Jun 2008 06:02:48 +0100 1507228 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1507227&cid=s_33451_6_f&fid=33451&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fv6t9156506244076%2F In this study we investigated the effect of BRMS1 expression on organ-specific metastasis. In addition, the steps in metastasis that are inhibited by BRMS1-expression were determined. In vivo, BRMS1 expression reduced metastatic burden to liver, bone, brain, and lung in mice by at least 75% (P < 0.05). Detailed quantitative analysis of the metastatic process in lung showed that BRMS1 expression significantly reduced the numbers of solitary single cells that survive after initial arrest within the lung microvasculature, and also inhibited the initiation of growth subsequent to arrest. In vitro, BRMS1 expression decreased cancer cell survival under stress conditions (hypoxia), increased anoikis, and decreased the ability of cancer cells to adhere. These novel find... Clinical and Experimental Metastasis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1507227 Tue, 10 Jun 2008 06:02:48 +0100 1507227 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1501160&cid=s_33451_6_f&fid=33451&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fj57133h412k124nw%2F Abstract  Androgen refractory cancer of the prostate (ARCaP) cells contain androgen receptor (AR) and synthesize and secrete prostate specific antigen (PSA). We isolated epithelia-like ARCaPE from parental ARCaP cells and induced them to undergo epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) by exposing these cells to soluble factors including TGFβ1 plus EGF, IGF-1, β2-microglobulin (β2-m), or a bone microenvironment. The molecular and behavioral characteristics of the resultant ARCaPM were characterized extensively in comparison to the parental ARCaPE cells. In addition to expressing mesenchymal biomarkers, ARCaPM gained 100% incidence of bone metastasis. ARCaPM cells express receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL), which was shown to increase tartrate-resistant acid phosph... Clinical and Experimental Metastasis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1501160 Fri, 06 Jun 2008 05:49:04 +0100 1501160 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1501161&cid=s_33451_6_f&fid=33451&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F214k267x23827g82%2F Conclusions ANXA1 expression decreased significantly as gastric cancer progressed and metastasized, suggesting the importance of ANXA1 as a negative biomarker for gastric cancer development and progression. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Research PaperDOI 10.1007/s10585-008-9178-yAuthors Guanzhen Yu, Changzheng Hospital Department of Medical Oncology Hetian Road 64 Shanghai 200070 People’s Republic of ChinaJiejun Wang, Changzheng Hospital Department of Medical Oncology Hetian Road 64 Shanghai 200070 People’s Republic of ChinaYing Chen, Changhai Hospital Department of Pathology Shanghai People’s Republic of ChinaXi Wang, Changzheng Hospital Department of Medical Oncology Hetian Road 64 Shanghai 200070 People’s Republic of ChinaJun Pan, Changzheng Hospital Department of M... Clinical and Experimental Metastasis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1501161 Fri, 06 Jun 2008 05:49:03 +0100 1501161 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1496610&cid=s_33451_6_f&fid=33451&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F551x720542804742%2F Abstract  Using alternative splicing reporters we have previously observed mesenchymal epithelial transitions in Dunning AT3 rat prostate tumors. We demonstrate here that the Dunning DT and AT3 cells, which express epithelial and mesenchymal markers, respectively, represent an excellent model to study epithelial transitions since these cells recapitulate gene expression profiles observed during human prostate cancer progression. In this manuscript we also present the development of two new tools to study the epithelial transitions by imaging alternative splicing decisions: a bichromatic fluorescence reporter to evaluate epithelial transitions in culture and in vivo, and a luciferase reporter to visualize the distribution of mesenchymal epithelial transitions in vivo. Con... Clinical and Experimental Metastasis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1496610 Wed, 04 Jun 2008 06:14:44 +0100 1496610 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1487362&cid=s_33451_6_f&fid=33451&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fh76nh16u2738x574%2F Abstract  The biochemical and biological mechanisms metastatic cancer cells use to function as communities and thwart internal and external growth control mechanisms remain undefined. In this work, we present the hypothesis that cancer cells may use a Quorum-Sensing mechanism to regulate multicellular functions and control steps in metastatic colonization. Quorum sensing is a bacterial cell-cell communication process used to track increasing cell-population density and, in response to changes in cell number, coordinate gene expression and behavior on a community-wide scale. Important parallels between the behavior of societies of bacterial cells and societies of malignant cancer cells exist in the bacterial literature. Of relevance to metastasis is the finding that pathogeni... Clinical and Experimental Metastasis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1487362 Sat, 31 May 2008 06:49:58 +0100 1487362 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1481583&cid=s_33451_6_f&fid=33451&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F86773331t3n652u7%2F Conclusions Lymphangiogenesis was significantly associated with lymph node metastasis, high TNM, and poor outcome in breast carcinoma. LVD may serve as a predictor of lymph node metastasis and a prognostic factor in breast carcinoma. VEGF-C and VEGF-D play an important role in lymphangiogenesis making the carcinoma more aggressive and leading to a poor prognosis. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Research PaperDOI 10.1007/s10585-008-9180-4Authors Yan Gu, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital Shanghai 200011 ChinaXiaoliang Qi, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital Shanghai 200011 ChinaShanyu Guo, Shanghai Jiaotong University School... Clinical and Experimental Metastasis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1481583 Fri, 30 May 2008 05:56:13 +0100 1481583 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1477520&cid=s_33451_6_f&fid=33451&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F4u311326101182q2%2F Content Type Journal ArticleDOI 10.1007/s10585-008-9159-1Authors Charlene Waldman, 120 Wall Street, Suite 1602 New York NY 10005 USA Journal Clinical and Experimental MetastasisOnline ISSN 1573-7276Print ISSN 0262-0898 (Source: Clinical and Experimental Metastasis) Clinical and Experimental Metastasis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1477520 Wed, 28 May 2008 06:06:44 +0100 1477520 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1477522&cid=s_33451_6_f&fid=33451&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fk4512760425m0h11%2F Abstract  Intrapulmonary spread of a sarcoma via lymphatics is a rare cause of death in a young adult. A 31-year old man was admitted to our hospital complaining of dyspnea and malaise of 2 months’ duration. A chest radiography revealed bilateral hilar enlargement, and reticulonodular infiltrations. Thoracic CT-scans demonstrated mediastinal lymphadenopathy, thickening of interlobular septa, polygonal lines, and thickening of bronchovascular bundles. The diagnosis was made by open-lung biopsy. The patient died within 3 months after diagnosis. Pulmonary lymphangitic sarcomatosis is a rare but important manifestation of an angiosarcoma. Optimal treatment of these patients is not well defined, but a trial of chemotherapy may be warranted. Content Type Journal Art... Clinical and Experimental Metastasis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1477522 Wed, 28 May 2008 06:06:42 +0100 1477522 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1477521&cid=s_33451_6_f&fid=33451&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fu30324w6300nv375%2F Abstract  Histone deacetylase inhibitory prodrugs that are metabolized to butyric acid and formaldehyde possess antineoplastic properties and low toxicity. We sought to characterize the antiangiogenic and antimetastatic activities of two lead prodrugs, pivaloyloxymethyl butyrate (AN-9) and butyroyloxymethyl-diethyl phosphate (AN-7) in murine cancer models. In the sc implanted human colon carcinoma HT-29 xenograft model AN-7, exhibited superior anticancer activity compared to AN-9, as was evident by the significantly greater inhibition of tumor growth and reduction of serum CEA. AN-7 was also more effective in reducing mean vessel density (MVD) by 7-fold, bFGF, Ki-67 (7-fold) and HIF-1α in immunohistochemically stained tumor sections. Semi-quantitative evaluation of the lev... Clinical and Experimental Metastasis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1477521 Wed, 28 May 2008 06:06:42 +0100 1477521 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1477523&cid=s_33451_6_f&fid=33451&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fb344764683521q26%2F This study was designed to explore the utility of RM1 mouse PCa cells in investigations of tumor:bone interactions. The efficacies of several implantation techniques were examined for reliably producing intra-bone RM1 tumor growth and bone lesion formation in immune competent mice. Longitudinal monitoring of bone remodeling and lesion phenotypes was conducted by microcomputed tomography (μCT) and histological analyses. Our results indicate that direct intrabone injections of RM1 cells are necessary for tumor growth within bone and direct implantation promotes the rapid development of osteolytic bone lesions with periosteal bone deposition post-cortical breach. In vitro, RM1 cells promote the proliferation of osteoblast (MC3T3-E1) and osteoclast (Raw264.7) progenitors in a dose depen... Clinical and Experimental Metastasis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1477523 Wed, 28 May 2008 06:06:41 +0100 1477523 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1466747&cid=s_33451_6_f&fid=33451&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fh6k50908347g3542%2F Abstract  Cancer cell metastasis is a multi-stage process involving invasion into surrounding tissue, intravasation, transit in the blood or lymph, extravasation, and growth at a new site. Many of these steps require cell motility, which is driven by cycles of actin polymerization, cell adhesion and acto-myosin contraction. These processes have been studied in cancer cells in vitro for many years, often with seemingly contradictory results. The challenge now is to understand how the multitude of in vitro observations relates to the movement of cancer cells in living tumour tissue. In this review we will concentrate on actin protrusion and acto-myosin contraction. We will begin by presenting some general principles summarizing the widely-accepted mechanisms for the... Clinical and Experimental Metastasis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1466747 Fri, 23 May 2008 06:55:22 +0100 1466747 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1460644&cid=s_33451_6_f&fid=33451&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fl2h837838k79x277%2F Content Type Journal ArticleDOI 10.1007/s10585-008-9161-7Authors Charlene Waldman, 120 Wall Street, Suite 1602 New York NY 10005 USA Journal Clinical and Experimental MetastasisOnline ISSN 1573-7276Print ISSN 0262-0898 (Source: Clinical and Experimental Metastasis) Clinical and Experimental Metastasis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1460644 Sat, 17 May 2008 06:21:36 +0100 1460644 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1445545&cid=s_33451_6_f&fid=33451&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fjl37287ngpq40750%2F Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Research PaperDOI 10.1007/s10585-007-9111-9 Journal Clinical and Experimental MetastasisOnline ISSN 1573-7276Print ISSN 0262-0898 (Source: Clinical and Experimental Metastasis) Clinical and Experimental Metastasis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1445545 Tue, 13 May 2008 21:21:06 +0100 1445545 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1445544&cid=s_33451_6_f&fid=33451&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Ft16l15125188362w%2F Conclusions Individual Rho GTPases are required for critical aspects of migration, invasion and tumor cell diapedesis. These data suggest that coordinated activation of individual Rho proteins is required for cells to successfully complete the extravasation process; a key step in distant metastasis. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Research PaperDOI 10.1007/s10585-008-9173-3Authors Linda Sequeira, The University of Delaware The Laboratory of Cytoskeletal Physiology 320 Wolf Hall Newark DE 19716 USACara W. Dubyk, The University of Delaware The Laboratory of Cytoskeletal Physiology 320 Wolf Hall Newark DE 19716 USATracy A. Riesenberger, The University of Delaware The Laboratory of Cytoskeletal Physiology 320 Wolf Hall Newark DE 19716 USACarlton R. Cooper, The University of Delawar... Clinical and Experimental Metastasis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1445544 Tue, 13 May 2008 21:21:06 +0100 1445544 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1445546&cid=s_33451_6_f&fid=33451&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fa803972g1h2118lt%2F Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Research PaperDOI 10.1007/s10585-008-9162-6Authors Charlene Waldman, 120 Wall Street, Suite 1602 New York NY 10005 USA Journal Clinical and Experimental MetastasisOnline ISSN 1573-7276Print ISSN 0262-0898 (Source: Clinical and Experimental Metastasis) Clinical and Experimental Metastasis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1445546 Tue, 13 May 2008 21:21:04 +0100 1445546 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1445547&cid=s_33451_6_f&fid=33451&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fr138508h3780gw70%2F Abstract  Epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) has long been associated with breast cancer cell invasiveness and evidence of EMT processes in clinical samples is growing rapidly. Genome-wide transcriptional profiling of increasingly larger numbers of human breast cancer (HBC) cell lines have confirmed the existence of a subgroup of cell lines (termed Basal B/Mesenchymal) with enhanced invasive properties and a predominantly mesenchymal gene expression signature, distinct from subgroups with predominantly luminal (termed Luminal) or mixed basal/luminal (termed Basal A) features (Neve et al Cancer Cell 2006). Studies providing molecular and cellular analyses of EMT features in these cell lines are summarised, and the expression levels of EMT-associated factors in thes... Clinical and Experimental Metastasis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1445547 Tue, 13 May 2008 21:21:03 +0100 1445547