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        <title>Clio Medica via MedWorm.com</title>
        <description>MedWorm.com provides a medical RSS filtering service. Over 6000 RSS medical sources are combined and output via different filters. This feed contains the latest items from the 'Clio Medica' source.</description>
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            <title>List of images.</title>
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    PMID: 21333061 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Clio Medica)</description>
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            <title>List of tables.</title>
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            <description>Authors: 
    
    PMID: 21333062 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Clio Medica)</description>
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            <title>List of charts.</title>
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    PMID: 21333063 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Clio Medica)</description>
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            <title>Abbreviations.</title>
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    PMID: 21333064 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Clio Medica)</description>
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            <title>Currencies, weights and measures.</title>
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            <description>Authors: 
    
    PMID: 21333065 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Clio Medica)</description>
            <author>Clio Medica</author>
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            <title>Introduction and acknowledgements.</title>
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            <description>Authors: 
    
    PMID: 21333066 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Clio Medica)</description>
            <author>Clio Medica</author>
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            <title>The shop and the city.</title>
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            <description>Authors: 
    
    PMID: 21333067 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Clio Medica)</description>
            <author>Clio Medica</author>
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            <title>Keeping shop.</title>
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    PMID: 21333068 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Clio Medica)</description>
            <author>Clio Medica</author>
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            <title>People and their Purchases.</title>
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    PMID: 21333069 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Clio Medica)</description>
            <author>Clio Medica</author>
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            <title>Recovering debts.</title>
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    PMID: 21333070 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Clio Medica)</description>
            <author>Clio Medica</author>
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            <title>Wax.</title>
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    PMID: 21333071 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Clio Medica)</description>
            <author>Clio Medica</author>
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            <title>Sugar and spice.</title>
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    PMID: 21333072 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Clio Medica)</description>
            <author>Clio Medica</author>
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            <title>Medicines.</title>
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            <description>Authors: 
    
    PMID: 21333073 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Clio Medica)</description>
            <author>Clio Medica</author>
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            <title>Epilogue.</title>
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            <description>Authors: 
    
    PMID: 21333074 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Clio Medica)</description>
            <author>Clio Medica</author>
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            <title>Bibliography.</title>
            <link>http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4527692&amp;cid=s_38106_163_f&amp;fid=38106&amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21333075%26dopt%3DAbstract</link>
            <description>Authors: 
    
    PMID: 21333075 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Clio Medica)</description>
            <author>Clio Medica</author>
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            <title>Index.</title>
            <link>http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4527691&amp;cid=s_38106_163_f&amp;fid=38106&amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21333076%26dopt%3DAbstract</link>
            <description>Authors: 
    
    PMID: 21333076 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Clio Medica)</description>
            <author>Clio Medica</author>
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            <title>List of Images.</title>
            <link>http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3015861&amp;cid=s_38106_163_f&amp;fid=38106&amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19925703%26dopt%3DAbstract</link>
            <description>Authors: Wolffram H
    
    PMID: 19925703 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Clio Medica)</description>
            <author>Clio Medica</author>
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            <pubDate>Sun, 22 Nov 2009 08:26:03 +0100</pubDate>
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            <title>List of Abbreviations.</title>
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    PMID: 19925704 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Clio Medica)</description>
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            <pubDate>Sun, 22 Nov 2009 08:26:03 +0100</pubDate>
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            <title>Glossary.</title>
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            <description>Authors: Wolffram H
    
    PMID: 19925705 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Clio Medica)</description>
            <author>Clio Medica</author>
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            <pubDate>Sun, 22 Nov 2009 08:26:03 +0100</pubDate>
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            <title>Acknowledgements.</title>
            <link>http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3015858&amp;cid=s_38106_163_f&amp;fid=38106&amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19925706%26dopt%3DAbstract</link>
            <description>Authors: Wolffram H
    
    PMID: 19925706 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Clio Medica)</description>
            <author>Clio Medica</author>
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            <pubDate>Sun, 22 Nov 2009 08:26:03 +0100</pubDate>
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            <title>Introduction.</title>
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            <description>Authors: Wolffram H
    
    PMID: 19925707 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Clio Medica)</description>
            <author>Clio Medica</author>
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            <title>The Emergence of Psychical Research in Imperial Germany.</title>
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            <description>Authors: Wolffram H
    
    PMID: 19925708 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Clio Medica)</description>
            <author>Clio Medica</author>
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            <pubDate>Sun, 22 Nov 2009 08:26:03 +0100</pubDate>
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            <title>Hypnotism, Lay Medicine and Psychical Research at the Fin de Siècle.</title>
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            <description>Hypnotism, Lay Medicine and Psychical Research at the Fin de Si&amp;#xE8;cle.
    Clio Med. 2009;88(1):83-130
    Authors: Wolffram H
    
    PMID: 19925709 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Clio Medica)</description>
            <author>Clio Medica</author>
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            <pubDate>Sun, 22 Nov 2009 08:26:03 +0100</pubDate>
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            <title>In the Laboratory of the Geisterbaron: Experimental Parapsychology in Germany.</title>
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            <description>Authors: Wolffram H
    
    PMID: 19925710 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Clio Medica)</description>
            <author>Clio Medica</author>
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            <pubDate>Sun, 22 Nov 2009 08:26:03 +0100</pubDate>
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            <title>An Holistic Science: Philosophical Renewal and Official Response.</title>
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    PMID: 19925711 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Clio Medica)</description>
            <author>Clio Medica</author>
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            <title>Parapsychology in the Courtroom: Occult Trials, Expertise and Authority during the Weimar Republic.</title>
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    PMID: 19925712 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Clio Medica)</description>
            <author>Clio Medica</author>
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            <pubDate>Sun, 22 Nov 2009 08:26:03 +0100</pubDate>
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            <title>Parapsychology on the Couch: The Psychology of Occult Belief in Germany.</title>
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    PMID: 19925713 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Clio Medica)</description>
            <author>Clio Medica</author>
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            <pubDate>Sun, 22 Nov 2009 08:26:03 +0100</pubDate>
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        <item>
            <title>Conclusion.</title>
            <link>http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3015850&amp;cid=s_38106_163_f&amp;fid=38106&amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19925714%26dopt%3DAbstract</link>
            <description>Authors: Wolffram H
    
    PMID: 19925714 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Clio Medica)</description>
            <author>Clio Medica</author>
            <type>journals</type>
        <comments>http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3015850</comments>
            <pubDate>Sun, 22 Nov 2009 08:26:03 +0100</pubDate>
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        <item>
            <title>Bibliography.</title>
            <link>http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3015849&amp;cid=s_38106_163_f&amp;fid=38106&amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19925715%26dopt%3DAbstract</link>
            <description>Authors: Wolffram H
    
    PMID: 19925715 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Clio Medica)</description>
            <author>Clio Medica</author>
            <type>journals</type>
        <comments>http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3015849</comments>
            <pubDate>Sun, 22 Nov 2009 08:26:03 +0100</pubDate>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">3015849</guid>        </item>
        <item>
            <title>Index.</title>
            <link>http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3015848&amp;cid=s_38106_163_f&amp;fid=38106&amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19925716%26dopt%3DAbstract</link>
            <description>Authors: Wolffram H
    
    PMID: 19925716 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Clio Medica)</description>
            <author>Clio Medica</author>
            <type>journals</type>
        <comments>http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3015848</comments>
            <pubDate>Sun, 22 Nov 2009 08:26:03 +0100</pubDate>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">3015848</guid>        </item>
        <item>
            <title>List of Images.</title>
            <link>http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3009270&amp;cid=s_38106_163_f&amp;fid=38106&amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19919734%26dopt%3DAbstract</link>
            <description>Authors: Kichigina G
    
    PMID: 19919734 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Clio Medica)</description>
            <author>Clio Medica</author>
            <type>journals</type>
        <comments>http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3009270</comments>
            <pubDate>Fri, 20 Nov 2009 12:02:03 +0100</pubDate>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">3009270</guid>        </item>
        <item>
            <title>List of Tables.</title>
            <link>http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3009269&amp;cid=s_38106_163_f&amp;fid=38106&amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19919735%26dopt%3DAbstract</link>
            <description>Authors: Kichigina G
    
    PMID: 19919735 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Clio Medica)</description>
            <author>Clio Medica</author>
            <type>journals</type>
        <comments>http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3009269</comments>
            <pubDate>Fri, 20 Nov 2009 12:02:03 +0100</pubDate>
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        <item>
            <title>Acknowledgements.</title>
            <link>http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3009268&amp;cid=s_38106_163_f&amp;fid=38106&amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19919736%26dopt%3DAbstract</link>
            <description>Authors: Kichigina G
    
    PMID: 19919736 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Clio Medica)</description>
            <author>Clio Medica</author>
            <type>journals</type>
        <comments>http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3009268</comments>
            <pubDate>Fri, 20 Nov 2009 12:02:03 +0100</pubDate>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">3009268</guid>        </item>
        <item>
            <title>Introduction.</title>
            <link>http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3009267&amp;cid=s_38106_163_f&amp;fid=38106&amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19919737%26dopt%3DAbstract</link>
            <description>Authors: Kichigina G
    
    PMID: 19919737 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Clio Medica)</description>
            <author>Clio Medica</author>
            <type>journals</type>
        <comments>http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3009267</comments>
            <pubDate>Fri, 20 Nov 2009 12:02:03 +0100</pubDate>
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        <item>
            <title>The Old-New Tradition.</title>
            <link>http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3009266&amp;cid=s_38106_163_f&amp;fid=38106&amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19919738%26dopt%3DAbstract</link>
            <description>Authors: Kichigina G
    
    PMID: 19919738 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Clio Medica)</description>
            <author>Clio Medica</author>
            <type>journals</type>
        <comments>http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3009266</comments>
            <pubDate>Fri, 20 Nov 2009 12:02:03 +0100</pubDate>
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        <item>
            <title>Physiologist-Physicists: Foundation of the Discipline.</title>
            <link>http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3009265&amp;cid=s_38106_163_f&amp;fid=38106&amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19919739%26dopt%3DAbstract</link>
            <description>Authors: Kichigina G
    
    PMID: 19919739 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Clio Medica)</description>
            <author>Clio Medica</author>
            <type>journals</type>
        <comments>http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3009265</comments>
            <pubDate>Fri, 20 Nov 2009 12:02:03 +0100</pubDate>
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        <item>
            <title>A Viennese Prelude: Sechenov's Research at Ludwig's Laboratory.</title>
            <link>http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3009264&amp;cid=s_38106_163_f&amp;fid=38106&amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19919740%26dopt%3DAbstract</link>
            <description>Authors: Kichigina G
    
    PMID: 19919740 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Clio Medica)</description>
            <author>Clio Medica</author>
            <type>journals</type>
        <comments>http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3009264</comments>
            <pubDate>Fri, 20 Nov 2009 12:02:03 +0100</pubDate>
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        <item>
            <title>Berlin Wins over Paris and Vienna: Botkin's View on European Clinics.</title>
            <link>http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3009263&amp;cid=s_38106_163_f&amp;fid=38106&amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19919741%26dopt%3DAbstract</link>
            <description>Authors: Kichigina G
    
    PMID: 19919741 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Clio Medica)</description>
            <author>Clio Medica</author>
            <type>journals</type>
        <comments>http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3009263</comments>
            <pubDate>Fri, 20 Nov 2009 12:02:03 +0100</pubDate>
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        <item>
            <title>'Alt Heidelberg, du feine...'</title>
            <link>http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3009262&amp;cid=s_38106_163_f&amp;fid=38106&amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19919742%26dopt%3DAbstract</link>
            <description>Authors: Kichigina G
    
    PMID: 19919742 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Clio Medica)</description>
            <author>Clio Medica</author>
            <type>journals</type>
        <comments>http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3009262</comments>
            <pubDate>Fri, 20 Nov 2009 12:02:03 +0100</pubDate>
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        <item>
            <title>Military Medical Education: The Aftermath of the Crimean War.</title>
            <link>http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3009261&amp;cid=s_38106_163_f&amp;fid=38106&amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19919743%26dopt%3DAbstract</link>
            <description>Authors: Kichigina G
    
    PMID: 19919743 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Clio Medica)</description>
            <author>Clio Medica</author>
            <type>journals</type>
        <comments>http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3009261</comments>
            <pubDate>Fri, 20 Nov 2009 12:02:03 +0100</pubDate>
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        <item>
            <title>The Winds of Change: Reformation of the Medico-Surgical Academy.</title>
            <link>http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3009260&amp;cid=s_38106_163_f&amp;fid=38106&amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19919744%26dopt%3DAbstract</link>
            <description>Authors: Kichigina G
    
    PMID: 19919744 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Clio Medica)</description>
            <author>Clio Medica</author>
            <type>journals</type>
        <comments>http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3009260</comments>
            <pubDate>Fri, 20 Nov 2009 12:02:03 +0100</pubDate>
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        <item>
            <title>The 'Medico-Chemical Academy': Zinin's Laboratory.</title>
            <link>http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3009259&amp;cid=s_38106_163_f&amp;fid=38106&amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19919745%26dopt%3DAbstract</link>
            <description>Authors: Kichigina G
    
    PMID: 19919745 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Clio Medica)</description>
            <author>Clio Medica</author>
            <type>journals</type>
        <comments>http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3009259</comments>
            <pubDate>Fri, 20 Nov 2009 12:02:03 +0100</pubDate>
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        <item>
            <title>Synthesis and Symphonies: Borodin's Laboratory.</title>
            <link>http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3009258&amp;cid=s_38106_163_f&amp;fid=38106&amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19919746%26dopt%3DAbstract</link>
            <description>Authors: Kichigina G
    
    PMID: 19919746 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Clio Medica)</description>
            <author>Clio Medica</author>
            <type>journals</type>
        <comments>http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3009258</comments>
            <pubDate>Fri, 20 Nov 2009 12:02:03 +0100</pubDate>
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        <item>
            <title>'Scientific Medicine': Botkin's Teaching Clinic and Laboratory.</title>
            <link>http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3009257&amp;cid=s_38106_163_f&amp;fid=38106&amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19919747%26dopt%3DAbstract</link>
            <description>Authors: Kichigina G
    
    PMID: 19919747 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Clio Medica)</description>
            <author>Clio Medica</author>
            <type>journals</type>
        <comments>http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3009257</comments>
            <pubDate>Fri, 20 Nov 2009 12:02:03 +0100</pubDate>
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        <item>
            <title>The New Discipline of Russian Physiology: Sechenov's Laboratory.</title>
            <link>http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3009256&amp;cid=s_38106_163_f&amp;fid=38106&amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19919748%26dopt%3DAbstract</link>
            <description>Authors: Kichigina G
    
    PMID: 19919748 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Clio Medica)</description>
            <author>Clio Medica</author>
            <type>journals</type>
        <comments>http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3009256</comments>
            <pubDate>Fri, 20 Nov 2009 12:02:03 +0100</pubDate>
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        <item>
            <title>A Few Steps Further: The Operation of the Physiological Laboratory under Cyon.</title>
            <link>http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3009255&amp;cid=s_38106_163_f&amp;fid=38106&amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19919749%26dopt%3DAbstract</link>
            <description>Authors: Kichigina G
    
    PMID: 19919749 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Clio Medica)</description>
            <author>Clio Medica</author>
            <type>journals</type>
        <comments>http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3009255</comments>
            <pubDate>Fri, 20 Nov 2009 12:02:03 +0100</pubDate>
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        <item>
            <title>Russian Universities in the Sea of Change, 1870-1886.</title>
            <link>http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3009254&amp;cid=s_38106_163_f&amp;fid=38106&amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19919750%26dopt%3DAbstract</link>
            <description>Authors: Kichigina G
    
    PMID: 19919750 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Clio Medica)</description>
            <author>Clio Medica</author>
            <type>journals</type>
        <comments>http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3009254</comments>
            <pubDate>Fri, 20 Nov 2009 12:02:03 +0100</pubDate>
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        <item>
            <title>Sechenov at Novorossiisk University: New Laboratory, New Challenges.</title>
            <link>http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3009253&amp;cid=s_38106_163_f&amp;fid=38106&amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19919751%26dopt%3DAbstract</link>
            <description>Authors: Kichigina G
    
    PMID: 19919751 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Clio Medica)</description>
            <author>Clio Medica</author>
            <type>journals</type>
        <comments>http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3009253</comments>
            <pubDate>Fri, 20 Nov 2009 12:02:03 +0100</pubDate>
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        <item>
            <title>A Simple Model: Transition from Blood-Gas Research to Studies on Salt Solutions.</title>
            <link>http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3009252&amp;cid=s_38106_163_f&amp;fid=38106&amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19919752%26dopt%3DAbstract</link>
            <description>Authors: Kichigina G
    
    PMID: 19919752 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Clio Medica)</description>
            <author>Clio Medica</author>
            <type>journals</type>
        <comments>http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3009252</comments>
            <pubDate>Fri, 20 Nov 2009 12:02:03 +0100</pubDate>
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        <item>
            <title>Sechenov at St Petersburg: 'Galvanic studies' - A Final Proof.</title>
            <link>http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3009251&amp;cid=s_38106_163_f&amp;fid=38106&amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19919753%26dopt%3DAbstract</link>
            <description>Authors: Kichigina G
    
    PMID: 19919753 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Clio Medica)</description>
            <author>Clio Medica</author>
            <type>journals</type>
        <comments>http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3009251</comments>
            <pubDate>Fri, 20 Nov 2009 12:02:03 +0100</pubDate>
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        <item>
            <title>The Context to Sechenov's Study of Solution: The Mendeleev-Ostwald Debate on the Theory of Solutions.</title>
            <link>http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3009250&amp;cid=s_38106_163_f&amp;fid=38106&amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19919754%26dopt%3DAbstract</link>
            <description>Authors: Kichigina G
    
    PMID: 19919754 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Clio Medica)</description>
            <author>Clio Medica</author>
            <type>journals</type>
        <comments>http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3009250</comments>
            <pubDate>Fri, 20 Nov 2009 12:02:03 +0100</pubDate>
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        <item>
            <title>The Universal Law: Expectations and Disappointments.</title>
            <link>http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3009249&amp;cid=s_38106_163_f&amp;fid=38106&amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19919755%26dopt%3DAbstract</link>
            <description>Authors: Kichigina G
    
    PMID: 19919755 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Clio Medica)</description>
            <author>Clio Medica</author>
            <type>journals</type>
        <comments>http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3009249</comments>
            <pubDate>Fri, 20 Nov 2009 12:02:03 +0100</pubDate>
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        <item>
            <title>Bibliography.</title>
            <link>http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3009248&amp;cid=s_38106_163_f&amp;fid=38106&amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19919756%26dopt%3DAbstract</link>
            <description>Authors: Kichigina G
    
    PMID: 19919756 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Clio Medica)</description>
            <author>Clio Medica</author>
            <type>journals</type>
        <comments>http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3009248</comments>
            <pubDate>Fri, 20 Nov 2009 12:02:03 +0100</pubDate>
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        <item>
            <title>Index.</title>
            <link>http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3009247&amp;cid=s_38106_163_f&amp;fid=38106&amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19919757%26dopt%3DAbstract</link>
            <description>Authors: Kichigina G
    
    PMID: 19919757 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Clio Medica)</description>
            <author>Clio Medica</author>
            <type>journals</type>
        <comments>http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3009247</comments>
            <pubDate>Fri, 20 Nov 2009 12:02:03 +0100</pubDate>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">3009247</guid>        </item>
        <item>
            <title>Hospital and asylum visiting in historical perspective: themes and issues.</title>
            <link>http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2920604&amp;cid=s_38106_163_f&amp;fid=38106&amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19842332%26dopt%3DAbstract</link>
            <description>Discussion of the wider historical significance of visiting draws attention to issues such as urban governance, philanthropy, the public sphere, civil society and citizenship.
    PMID: 19842332 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Clio Medica)</description>
            <author>Clio Medica</author>
            <type>journals</type>
        <comments>http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2920604</comments>
            <pubDate>Fri, 23 Oct 2009 17:44:02 +0100</pubDate>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">2920604</guid>        </item>
        <item>
            <title>Receiving the rich, rejecting the poor: towards a history of hospital visiting in nineteenth-century provincial England.</title>
            <link>http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2920603&amp;cid=s_38106_163_f&amp;fid=38106&amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19842333%26dopt%3DAbstract</link>
            <description>Authors: Reinarz J
    The changing perceptions of visitors to hospitals in provincial England during the long nineteenth century are examined in this chapter. In particular, it discusses the experience of visitors to hospitals in nine general and specialist hospitals in Birmingham, England's 'second city'. Though the history of visitors in this provincial setting supports the general assumption that hospital governors received the rich and rejected the poor, this chapter demonstrates that attitudes to visitors were not always straightforward. Views of hospital governors and medical staff varied with medical specialism, hospital finances, and a host of other factors.
    PMID: 19842333 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Clio Medica)</description>
            <author>Clio Medica</author>
            <type>journals</type>
        <comments>http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2920603</comments>
            <pubDate>Fri, 23 Oct 2009 17:44:02 +0100</pubDate>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">2920603</guid>        </item>
        <item>
            <title>'Family-centred care' in American hospitals in late-Qing China.</title>
            <link>http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2920602&amp;cid=s_38106_163_f&amp;fid=38106&amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19842334%26dopt%3DAbstract</link>
            <description>Authors: Renshaw M
    Today, patients' families in the West are regaining the access to hospitals that they lost when hospitals emerged as the primary site for medical treatment, research and training at the beginning of the twentieth century. In China, however, families were never excluded from American mission-run hospitals, in fact, they were indispensable. Families were in the waiting rooms, consulting rooms,wards and operating theatres. They provided more than reassurance and comfort: they fed and nursed their sick relatives, acted as advocates and middlemen and may even have lowered the incidence of cross-infection, the scourge of the contemporary hospital in the West.
    PMID: 19842334 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Clio Medica)</description>
            <author>Clio Medica</author>
            <type>journals</type>
        <comments>http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2920602</comments>
            <pubDate>Fri, 23 Oct 2009 17:44:02 +0100</pubDate>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">2920602</guid>        </item>
        <item>
            <title>Care, nurturance and morality: the role of visitors and the Victorian London children's hospital.</title>
            <link>http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2920601&amp;cid=s_38106_163_f&amp;fid=38106&amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19842335%26dopt%3DAbstract</link>
            <description>Authors: Tanner A
    Visitors at the Hospital for Sick Children, Great Ormond Street, fulfilled an economic, social and marketing role at an institution which, in its earliest years, struggled against significant opposition from medical and charitable critics. Men and women from the respectable classes found a function that reflected well their philanthropic credentials, and that also opened up social and professional opportunities. The parents and families of the patients, however, found themselves marginalised by the hospital, and granted little scope to influence the hospital experience of their children or to interact with the supporters of the institution.
    PMID: 19842335 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Clio Medica)</description>
            <author>Clio Medica</author>
            <type>journals</type>
        <comments>http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2920601</comments>
            <pubDate>Fri, 23 Oct 2009 17:44:02 +0100</pubDate>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">2920601</guid>        </item>
        <item>
            <title>Pariahs or partners? Welcome and unwelcome visitors in the Jenny Lind Hospital for Sick Children, Norwich, 1900-50.</title>
            <link>http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2920600&amp;cid=s_38106_163_f&amp;fid=38106&amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19842336%26dopt%3DAbstract</link>
            <description>Authors: Lindsay B
    The idea of 'visitors' when applied to hospitals may appear simple and uncontroversial: relatives or friends keeping the sick person company, lifting the spirits and offering support. The reality was more complex and challenging, particularly in the care of child patients. The Jenny Lind Hospital for Sick Children constantly evolved its relationship with visitors in the first half of the twentieth century. Two major variables are discussed in this chapter: the changing importance of the visitors themselves and the way in which the Jenny Lind defined and adapted its perspective on visitors and the nature of visiting.
    PMID: 19842336 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Clio Medica)</description>
            <author>Clio Medica</author>
            <type>journals</type>
        <comments>http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2920600</comments>
            <pubDate>Fri, 23 Oct 2009 17:44:02 +0100</pubDate>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">2920600</guid>        </item>
        <item>
            <title>Visiting children with cancer: the parental experience of the Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, 1995-2005.</title>
            <link>http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2920599&amp;cid=s_38106_163_f&amp;fid=38106&amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19842337%26dopt%3DAbstract</link>
            <description>Authors: Rohrer RL
    This chapter examines the unique role of parental visitors of children with cancer at the Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, 1995 to 2005. Using oral interviews with parents, medical and psychosocial staff, the study explores the experiences of parents while in hospital with their children and the social, emotional, financial and family issues they confronted during these admissions. Parents in their stories identified the various roles they assumed as their children experienced illness, treatment, side effects and psychosocial issues. The study also questions the relative importance of family dynamics, race, and socio-economic status as these related to parents' roles and perceptions.
    PMID: 19842337 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Clio Medica)</description>
            <author>Clio Medica</author>
            <type>journals</type>
        <comments>http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2920599</comments>
            <pubDate>Fri, 23 Oct 2009 17:44:02 +0100</pubDate>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">2920599</guid>        </item>
        <item>
            <title>Infection and citizenship: (not) visiting isolation hospitals in mid-Victorian Britain.</title>
            <link>http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2920598&amp;cid=s_38106_163_f&amp;fid=38106&amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19842338%26dopt%3DAbstract</link>
            <description>Authors: Mooney G
    Local authority provision for the sequestration of infectious people mushroomed in Great Britain from the mid-1860s. By the First World War, more than 750 isolation hospitals contained almost 32,000 beds for infectious patients, most of whom were children. Trips to an isolation hospital were problematic because visitors might contract infection there and spread it to the wider community. Various strategies sought to minimise this risk or eliminate it altogether. This chapter argues that the management of isolation hospital visitors was typical of Victorian public health's tendency to regulate people's behaviour. By granting rights to, and conferring responsibilities on, the relatives of patients, visiting practices enshrined notions of citizenship that sought to gover...</description>
            <author>Clio Medica</author>
            <type>journals</type>
        <comments>http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2920598</comments>
            <pubDate>Fri, 23 Oct 2009 17:44:02 +0100</pubDate>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">2920598</guid>        </item>
        <item>
            <title>Stage-managing a hospital in the eighteenth century: visitation at the London Lock Hospital.</title>
            <link>http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2920597&amp;cid=s_38106_163_f&amp;fid=38106&amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19842339%26dopt%3DAbstract</link>
            <description>Authors: Siena K
    London's Lock Hospital, established in 1747 to treat venereal diseases, depended heavily on charity. Its administrators tried valiantly to project a positive image of the hospital in spite of the pervading moral assumptions about its patients and doubts about whether they deserved charity. Policies governing visitation were bound up in the hospital's attempts to police itself and promote its cause to benefactors. Visitation policies served numerous ends, including policing patients, introducing moral reform, monitoring the staff, and obscuring the reality of the wards from public view, ensuring that prospective donors only saw what administrators wanted them to see.
    PMID: 19842339 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Clio Medica)</description>
            <author>Clio Medica</author>
            <type>journals</type>
        <comments>http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2920597</comments>
            <pubDate>Fri, 23 Oct 2009 17:44:02 +0100</pubDate>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">2920597</guid>        </item>
        <item>
            <title>'The keeper must himself be kept': visitation and the lunatic asylum in England, 1750-1850.</title>
            <link>http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2920596&amp;cid=s_38106_163_f&amp;fid=38106&amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19842340%26dopt%3DAbstract</link>
            <description>Authors: Smith L
    There was a growing disquiet in eighteenth-century England about the activities of private madhouses. Early legislation, in 1774, gave limited powers of registration and inspection to local magistrates.The exposure of flagrant abuses in both private and public institutions by a parliamentary select committee, in 1815, brought the question of visitation to the centre of the lunacy reform agenda. Subsequent legislation extended the responsibilities of magistrates and also established the principal of centralised oversight. An effective national system of regulation was finally created in 1845, with Commissioners in Lunacy required to provide formal visitation to all public and private asylums.
    PMID: 19842340 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Clio Medica)</description>
            <author>Clio Medica</author>
            <type>journals</type>
        <comments>http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2920596</comments>
            <pubDate>Fri, 23 Oct 2009 17:44:02 +0100</pubDate>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">2920596</guid>        </item>
        <item>
            <title>'A disgrace to a civilised community': colonial psychiatry and the visit of Edward Mapother to South Asia, 1937-8.</title>
            <link>http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2920595&amp;cid=s_38106_163_f&amp;fid=38106&amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19842341%26dopt%3DAbstract</link>
            <description>Authors: Mills JH, Jain S
    In 1937, Edward Mapother, Medical Superintendent of the Maudsley Hospital in London, took a trip around the mental hospitals of Britain's dominions in South Asia. The result was a series of documents that provide a snapshot of psychiatry in India and Ceylon in the twilight years of the British Empire. This chapter will consider Mapother's reports from a number of perspectives in order to assess the politics and the impact of an expert 'visitor' to a colonial medical system.
    PMID: 19842341 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Clio Medica)</description>
            <author>Clio Medica</author>
            <type>journals</type>
        <comments>http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2920595</comments>
            <pubDate>Fri, 23 Oct 2009 17:44:02 +0100</pubDate>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">2920595</guid>        </item>
        <item>
            <title>'In view of the knowledge to be acquired': public visits to New York's asylums in the nineteenth century.</title>
            <link>http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2920594&amp;cid=s_38106_163_f&amp;fid=38106&amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19842342%26dopt%3DAbstract</link>
            <description>Authors: Miron J
    This chapter examines asylum tourism in nineteenth-century New York. It argues that the popularity of visits by the public undermines the notion that asylums were segregated from greater society, and instead, suggests that these institutions were deeply embedded within the social and cultural landscape of the time. While challenging many of our assumptions regarding the relationship of asylums with their greater communities, the phenomenon of visiting enhances our understanding of both popular attitudes towards the mentally ill and the experiences of patients themselves. As people believed asylums represented something remarkable in society, visiting provides new perspectives on the social role of these institutions and nineteenth-century cultural practices more genera...</description>
            <author>Clio Medica</author>
            <type>journals</type>
        <comments>http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2920594</comments>
            <pubDate>Fri, 23 Oct 2009 17:44:02 +0100</pubDate>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">2920594</guid>        </item>
        <item>
            <title>'Amusements are provided': asylum entertainment and recreation in Australia and New Zealand c.1860-c.1945.</title>
            <link>http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2920593&amp;cid=s_38106_163_f&amp;fid=38106&amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19842343%26dopt%3DAbstract</link>
            <description>Authors: MacKinnon D
    This chapter examines the official 'entertainment', in all its forms, provided to inmates in Australian and New Zealand asylums--later mental hospitals--between c.1860 and c.1945. Visitors came into asylum grounds and patients were permitted periods of leave, all for the purposes of entertainment and recreation. Surviving recreation buildings, their grounds and institutional archives, bear silent witness to the noisy and lively recreational activities of past patients, staff and visitors. This chapter reconstructs these practices in twenty public and three private asylums from this period by examining a diverse range of sources, including archives, histories of asylums and newspaper articles.
    PMID: 19842343 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Clio Medica)</description>
            <author>Clio Medica</author>
            <type>journals</type>
        <comments>http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2920593</comments>
            <pubDate>Fri, 23 Oct 2009 17:44:02 +0100</pubDate>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">2920593</guid>        </item>
        <item>
            <title>Challenging institutional hegemony: family visitors to hospitals for the insane in Australia and New Zealand, 1880s-1910s.</title>
            <link>http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2920592&amp;cid=s_38106_163_f&amp;fid=38106&amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19842344%26dopt%3DAbstract</link>
            <description>Authors: Coleborne C
    Historians have increasingly come to identify that there was considerable traffic between nineteenth-century psychiatric institutions and the world beyond, with official visitors recording details of their regular forays inside asylum walls, and sometimes family members visiting the institution to check on treatments, patients' progress and welfare. This chapter explores the broad array of experiences of asylum visitors in colonial Australia and New Zealand, focusing on families and their responses to the institution. It draws upon a range of materials to show that visitors found their way inside the hospital for the insane, both in their letters and through their actual physical presence. Through these glimpses, it suggests that the asylum itself should be unsettl...</description>
            <author>Clio Medica</author>
            <type>journals</type>
        <comments>http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2920592</comments>
            <pubDate>Fri, 23 Oct 2009 17:44:02 +0100</pubDate>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">2920592</guid>        </item>
        <item>
            <title>Acknowledgements.</title>
            <link>http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1819840&amp;cid=s_38106_163_f&amp;fid=38106&amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18782466%26dopt%3DAbstract</link>
            <description>Authors: 
    
    PMID: 18782466 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Clio Medica)</description>
            <author>Clio Medica</author>
            <type>journals</type>
        <comments>http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1819840</comments>
            <pubDate>Wed, 24 Sep 2008 01:50:52 +0100</pubDate>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">1819840</guid>        </item>
        <item>
            <title>Abbreviations.</title>
            <link>http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1819839&amp;cid=s_38106_163_f&amp;fid=38106&amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18782467%26dopt%3DAbstract</link>
            <description>Authors: 
    
    PMID: 18782467 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Clio Medica)</description>
            <author>Clio Medica</author>
            <type>journals</type>
        <comments>http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1819839</comments>
            <pubDate>Wed, 24 Sep 2008 01:50:52 +0100</pubDate>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">1819839</guid>        </item>
        <item>
            <title>Introduction.</title>
            <link>http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1819838&amp;cid=s_38106_163_f&amp;fid=38106&amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18782468%26dopt%3DAbstract</link>
            <description>Authors: Monk LA
    
    PMID: 18782468 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Clio Medica)</description>
            <author>Clio Medica</author>
            <type>journals</type>
        <comments>http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1819838</comments>
            <pubDate>Wed, 24 Sep 2008 01:50:52 +0100</pubDate>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">1819838</guid>        </item>
        <item>
            <title>'An asylum for the safe custody and proper treatment of the insane'.</title>
            <link>http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1819837&amp;cid=s_38106_163_f&amp;fid=38106&amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18782469%26dopt%3DAbstract</link>
            <description>Authors: Monk LA
    
    PMID: 18782469 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Clio Medica)</description>
            <author>Clio Medica</author>
            <type>journals</type>
        <comments>http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1819837</comments>
            <pubDate>Wed, 24 Sep 2008 01:50:52 +0100</pubDate>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">1819837</guid>        </item>
        <item>
            <title>'A proper man to have charge of lunatics'.</title>
            <link>http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1819836&amp;cid=s_38106_163_f&amp;fid=38106&amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18782470%26dopt%3DAbstract</link>
            <description>Authors: Monk LA
    
    PMID: 18782470 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Clio Medica)</description>
            <author>Clio Medica</author>
            <type>journals</type>
        <comments>http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1819836</comments>
            <pubDate>Wed, 24 Sep 2008 01:50:52 +0100</pubDate>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">1819836</guid>        </item>
        <item>
            <title>'We have always conducted ourselves independently'.</title>
            <link>http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1819835&amp;cid=s_38106_163_f&amp;fid=38106&amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18782471%26dopt%3DAbstract</link>
            <description>Authors: Monk LA
    
    PMID: 18782471 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Clio Medica)</description>
            <author>Clio Medica</author>
            <type>journals</type>
        <comments>http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1819835</comments>
            <pubDate>Wed, 24 Sep 2008 01:50:52 +0100</pubDate>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">1819835</guid>        </item>
        <item>
            <title>Artisans of reason.</title>
            <link>http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1819834&amp;cid=s_38106_163_f&amp;fid=38106&amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18782472%26dopt%3DAbstract</link>
            <description>Authors: Monk LA
    
    PMID: 18782472 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Clio Medica)</description>
            <author>Clio Medica</author>
            <type>journals</type>
        <comments>http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1819834</comments>
            <pubDate>Wed, 24 Sep 2008 01:50:52 +0100</pubDate>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">1819834</guid>        </item>
        <item>
            <title>Proper instructions: excellent attendants.</title>
            <link>http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1819833&amp;cid=s_38106_163_f&amp;fid=38106&amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18782473%26dopt%3DAbstract</link>
            <description>Authors: Monk LA
    
    PMID: 18782473 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Clio Medica)</description>
            <author>Clio Medica</author>
            <type>journals</type>
        <comments>http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1819833</comments>
            <pubDate>Wed, 24 Sep 2008 01:50:52 +0100</pubDate>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">1819833</guid>        </item>
        <item>
            <title>'A different class of attendants'.</title>
            <link>http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1819832&amp;cid=s_38106_163_f&amp;fid=38106&amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18782474%26dopt%3DAbstract</link>
            <description>Authors: Monk LA
    
    PMID: 18782474 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Clio Medica)</description>
            <author>Clio Medica</author>
            <type>journals</type>
        <comments>http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1819832</comments>
            <pubDate>Wed, 24 Sep 2008 01:50:52 +0100</pubDate>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">1819832</guid>        </item>
        <item>
            <title>'You Have to be Firm and Determined with Them'.</title>
            <link>http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1819831&amp;cid=s_38106_163_f&amp;fid=38106&amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18782475%26dopt%3DAbstract</link>
            <description>Authors: Monk LA
    
    PMID: 18782475 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Clio Medica)</description>
            <author>Clio Medica</author>
            <type>journals</type>
        <comments>http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1819831</comments>
            <pubDate>Wed, 24 Sep 2008 01:50:52 +0100</pubDate>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">1819831</guid>        </item>
        <item>
            <title>'Some of Us are Married Men and Have Families'.</title>
            <link>http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1819830&amp;cid=s_38106_163_f&amp;fid=38106&amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18782476%26dopt%3DAbstract</link>
            <description>Authors: Monk LA
    
    PMID: 18782476 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Clio Medica)</description>
            <author>Clio Medica</author>
            <type>journals</type>
        <comments>http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1819830</comments>
            <pubDate>Wed, 24 Sep 2008 01:50:52 +0100</pubDate>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">1819830</guid>        </item>
        <item>
            <title>'I would not give an ounce of practical experience for a pound of theory'.</title>
            <link>http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1819829&amp;cid=s_38106_163_f&amp;fid=38106&amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18782477%26dopt%3DAbstract</link>
            <description>Authors: Monk LA
    
    PMID: 18782477 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Clio Medica)</description>
            <author>Clio Medica</author>
            <type>journals</type>
        <comments>http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1819829</comments>
            <pubDate>Wed, 24 Sep 2008 01:50:52 +0100</pubDate>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">1819829</guid>        </item>
        <item>
            <title>Select bibliography.</title>
            <link>http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1819828&amp;cid=s_38106_163_f&amp;fid=38106&amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18782478%26dopt%3DAbstract</link>
            <description>Authors: 
    
    PMID: 18782478 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Clio Medica)</description>
            <author>Clio Medica</author>
            <type>journals</type>
        <comments>http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1819828</comments>
            <pubDate>Wed, 24 Sep 2008 01:50:52 +0100</pubDate>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">1819828</guid>        </item>
        <item>
            <title>British military and naval medicine, 1600-1830.</title>
            <link>http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1819852&amp;cid=s_38106_163_f&amp;fid=38106&amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18005542%26dopt%3DAbstract</link>
            <description>Authors: Hudson GL
    The introduction reviews the historiography of military and naval medicine for the period, provides an overview of the essays, and concludes that the volume highlights the value of challenging the inherited notion that military medicine was in all respects 'a good thing' for medicine and society. In addition, the essays in this volume tell us more about both how military and naval medicine were components of a wider social, economic, cultural and political framework, and how medicine was part of the process of militarisation.
    PMID: 18005542 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Clio Medica)</description>
            <author>Clio Medica</author>
            <type>journals</type>
        <comments>http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1819852</comments>
            <pubDate>Mon, 01 Jan 2007 05:00:00 +0100</pubDate>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">1819852</guid>        </item>
        <item>
            <title>Warfare and the creation of British imperial medicine, 1600-1800.</title>
            <link>http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1819851&amp;cid=s_38106_163_f&amp;fid=38106&amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18005543%26dopt%3DAbstract</link>
            <description>Authors: Alsop JD
    The literature of British maritime and imperial medicine is reviewed here, noting that the key growth in the area coincided with the wars of the late-seventeenth and early-eighteenth centuries when the navy started to maintain a regular fleet overseas. Thereafter, the literature followed major imperial wars and focused on the needs of the state in war, and male servicemen. Medical prescriptions for cure were universal, empirical, and economical; experimenting on servicemen to develop cures was a necessity. The emphasis was on control of the human environment and regulation of the men.
    PMID: 18005543 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Clio Medica)</description>
            <author>Clio Medica</author>
            <type>journals</type>
        <comments>http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1819851</comments>
            <pubDate>Mon, 01 Jan 2007 05:00:00 +0100</pubDate>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">1819851</guid>        </item>
        <item>
            <title>The British army in North America and the West Indies, 1755-83: a medical perspective.</title>
            <link>http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1819850&amp;cid=s_38106_163_f&amp;fid=38106&amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18005544%26dopt%3DAbstract</link>
            <description>Authors: Kopperman PE
    This chapter provides an analytical overview of the operational structure, hospital and regimental systems of military medical practice of the British Army in North Amercia and the West Indies, 1755-83, using a database of medical officers, regimental returns, lists of drugs used, correspondence and publications. Practice varied depending on location, season, and time of year, but cooperation between medical and general officers was crucial. Pringle's emphasis on environment influenced practice, with medics advocating preventative treatments. Army practitioners were among medical officers in the West Indies, at the forefront of moderate therapeutics.
    PMID: 18005544 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Clio Medica)</description>
            <author>Clio Medica</author>
            <type>journals</type>
        <comments>http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1819850</comments>
            <pubDate>Mon, 01 Jan 2007 05:00:00 +0100</pubDate>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">1819850</guid>        </item>
        <item>
            <title>Disease and medicine in the armies of British India, 1750-1830: the treatment of fevers and the emergence of tropical therapeutics.</title>
            <link>http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1819849&amp;cid=s_38106_163_f&amp;fid=38106&amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18005545%26dopt%3DAbstract</link>
            <description>Authors: Harrison M
    The East India Company's extensive medical establishment was noted for innovation and experimentation, it tested economical mass remedies. The service's control of its patients was significant, prefiguring the birth of the clinical anatomical medicine of Paris of the 1790s. The unique environment created a distinctive medical discipline: the medicine of warm climates. This chapter focuses on fever in particular; attention was focused on malfunction of the liver and the favoured treatment was purgation via mercury. The dominance of this method resulted partly from senior military officers imposing their views on the juniors.
    PMID: 18005545 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Clio Medica)</description>
            <author>Clio Medica</author>
            <type>journals</type>
        <comments>http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1819849</comments>
            <pubDate>Mon, 01 Jan 2007 05:00:00 +0100</pubDate>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">1819849</guid>        </item>
        <item>
            <title>Who cared? Military nursing during the English civil wars and interregnum, 1642-60.</title>
            <link>http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1819848&amp;cid=s_38106_163_f&amp;fid=38106&amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18005546%26dopt%3DAbstract</link>
            <description>Authors: von Arni EG
    Very little work has been done on nursing prior to the nineteenth century; this chapter offers an examination of the profession in the mid-seventeenth century. Commonwealth Exchequer papers from the Long Parliament's Committee for Sick and Wounded Soldiers are used. The numbers treated, the nature of contemporary military treatment by surgeons and physicians, and the extant evidence for medical and nursing practice at these hospitals are detailed, and it is suggested that the quality was far superior to that assumed by many historians.
    PMID: 18005546 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Clio Medica)</description>
            <author>Clio Medica</author>
            <type>journals</type>
        <comments>http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1819848</comments>
            <pubDate>Mon, 01 Jan 2007 05:00:00 +0100</pubDate>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">1819848</guid>        </item>
        <item>
            <title>Privates on parade: soldiers, medicine and the treatment of inguinal hernias in Georgian England.</title>
            <link>http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1819847&amp;cid=s_38106_163_f&amp;fid=38106&amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18005547%26dopt%3DAbstract</link>
            <description>Authors: Mills PR
    Hernias were prevalent among servicemen, typically recruited from amongst the malnourished. Civilian medical practice deemed the rupture incurable, taking a palliative approach. For the military this was unacceptable: wastage rates due to ruptures were high, servicemen were valuable commodities. Examples here are used to illustrate that experimentation was a contentious activity, reliant on the whims of patronage and war-time budgets. Although military hospitals provided a good venue to engage in experimentation it was contested.
    PMID: 18005547 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Clio Medica)</description>
            <author>Clio Medica</author>
            <type>journals</type>
        <comments>http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1819847</comments>
            <pubDate>Mon, 01 Jan 2007 05:00:00 +0100</pubDate>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">1819847</guid>        </item>
        <item>
            <title>British naval health, 1700-1800: improvement over time?</title>
            <link>http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1819846&amp;cid=s_38106_163_f&amp;fid=38106&amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18005548%26dopt%3DAbstract</link>
            <description>Authors: Crimmin PK
    Did British naval health improve over the course of the eighteenth century? The Sick and Hurt Board sought cures for common ailments such as scurvy by encouraging experimentation, and the development of cheap universal treatments. It also strove to provide a healthful environment and diet. Overall, prevention rather than the development of cures was very much the focus. This chapter also argues that too much emphasis has been placed on the authoritarian nature of the British Navy in the eighteenth century.
    PMID: 18005548 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Clio Medica)</description>
            <author>Clio Medica</author>
            <type>journals</type>
        <comments>http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1819846</comments>
            <pubDate>Mon, 01 Jan 2007 05:00:00 +0100</pubDate>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">1819846</guid>        </item>
        <item>
            <title>The medical profession and representations of the Navy, 1750-1815.</title>
            <link>http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1819845&amp;cid=s_38106_163_f&amp;fid=38106&amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18005549%26dopt%3DAbstract</link>
            <description>Authors: Lincoln M
    This chapter focuses on the interrelationship between naval medicine and broader society, discussing medical representations of the Navy in the late-eighteenth century, and arguing that naval medicine was a matter of keen debate, perceived as important for the country. Navy servicemen were represented in contradictory ways: as a tool of empire, heroes deserving care for their service to their country, and a source of contagion and ill discipline in need of paternal attention from officers and medics.
    PMID: 18005549 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Clio Medica)</description>
            <author>Clio Medica</author>
            <type>journals</type>
        <comments>http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1819845</comments>
            <pubDate>Mon, 01 Jan 2007 05:00:00 +0100</pubDate>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">1819845</guid>        </item>
        <item>
            <title>From palace to hut: the architecture of military and naval medicine.</title>
            <link>http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1819844&amp;cid=s_38106_163_f&amp;fid=38106&amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18005550%26dopt%3DAbstract</link>
            <description>Authors: Stevenson C
    The walls separating medicine from society break down in this examination of early-British hospital architecture, which stresses the similarities and continuities between the civilian and the military. The hospitals examined include those for sick and wounded in the Empire, and later at home and those built for long-term chronic cases. Stevenson considers how matters of state, as well as medical theory and its changes, affected architecture.
    PMID: 18005550 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Clio Medica)</description>
            <author>Clio Medica</author>
            <type>journals</type>
        <comments>http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1819844</comments>
            <pubDate>Mon, 01 Jan 2007 05:00:00 +0100</pubDate>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">1819844</guid>        </item>
        <item>
            <title>Internal influences in the making of the English military hospital: the early-eighteenth-century Greenwich.</title>
            <link>http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1819843&amp;cid=s_38106_163_f&amp;fid=38106&amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18005551%26dopt%3DAbstract</link>
            <description>Authors: Hudson GL
    This chapter uses records at the Royal Greenwich Hospital for ex-sailors to analyse the nature of care, and to uncover how the chronically disabled patients themselves experienced the hospital. Greenwich became a 'reverse' institution, in that the ex-servicemen were closely regulated and treated like unruly visitors, while only officers and medics had free movement and influence. Although initially the inner workings of the Hospital owed much to almshouse and shipboard models, over time medical considerations became paramount. Physicians and surgeons became involved actively in governance and discipline, promoting environmental and dietary changes.
    PMID: 18005551 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Clio Medica)</description>
            <author>Clio Medica</author>
            <type>journals</type>
        <comments>http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1819843</comments>
            <pubDate>Mon, 01 Jan 2007 05:00:00 +0100</pubDate>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">1819843</guid>        </item>
        <item>
            <title>'A cheap, safe and natural medicine'. Religion, medicine and culture in John Wesley's Primitive Physic.</title>
            <link>http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1819842&amp;cid=s_38106_163_f&amp;fid=38106&amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18005552%26dopt%3DAbstract</link>
            <description>Authors: Madden D
    
    PMID: 18005552 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Clio Medica)</description>
            <author>Clio Medica</author>
            <type>journals</type>
        <comments>http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1819842</comments>
            <pubDate>Mon, 01 Jan 2007 05:00:00 +0100</pubDate>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">1819842</guid>        </item>
        <item>
            <title>Control and the therapeutic trial: rhetoric and experimentation in Britain, 1918-48.</title>
            <link>http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1819841&amp;cid=s_38106_163_f&amp;fid=38106&amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18271087%26dopt%3DAbstract</link>
            <description>Authors: Edwards M
    
    PMID: 18271087 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Clio Medica)</description>
            <author>Clio Medica</author>
            <type>journals</type>
        <comments>http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1819841</comments>
            <pubDate>Mon, 01 Jan 2007 05:00:00 +0100</pubDate>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">1819841</guid>        </item>
        <item>
            <title>Medicine-by-post. The changing voice of illness in eighteenth-century British consultation. Letters and literature.</title>
            <link>http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1819854&amp;cid=s_38106_163_f&amp;fid=38106&amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17094873%26dopt%3DAbstract</link>
            <description>Authors: Wild W
    
    PMID: 17094873 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Clio Medica)</description>
            <author>Clio Medica</author>
            <type>journals</type>
        <comments>http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1819854</comments>
            <pubDate>Sun, 01 Jan 2006 05:00:00 +0100</pubDate>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">1819854</guid>        </item>
        <item>
            <title>Healing bodies, saving souls. Medical missions in Asia and Africa.</title>
            <link>http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1819853&amp;cid=s_38106_163_f&amp;fid=38106&amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17132180%26dopt%3DAbstract</link>
            <description>Authors: Hardiman D
    
    PMID: 17132180 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Clio Medica)</description>
            <author>Clio Medica</author>
            <type>journals</type>
        <comments>http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1819853</comments>
            <pubDate>Sun, 01 Jan 2006 05:00:00 +0100</pubDate>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">1819853</guid>        </item>
        <item>
            <title>Making health policy: networks in research and policy after 1945.</title>
            <link>http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1819868&amp;cid=s_38106_163_f&amp;fid=38106&amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D16212725%26dopt%3DAbstract</link>
            <description>Authors: Berridge V
    Science and policy in health and medicine have interacted in new ways in Britain since 1945. The relationship between research and policy has a history. The changing role of social medicine, the rise of health services research and &quot;customer contractor&quot; policies in government have been important. The relationship between research and policy has been analysed by different schools of thought. This chapter categorises them as several groups: &quot;evidence-based&quot;, &quot;journalism&quot;, &quot;sociology of scientific knowledge&quot; and &quot;science policy studies&quot;. The chapters in the book illuminate aspects of these changing relationships. The role of chronic disease epidemiology, of new networks in public health, of media-focussed activism, and of health technology and its advocates have been m...</description>
            <author>Clio Medica</author>
            <type>journals</type>
        <comments>http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1819868</comments>
            <pubDate>Sat, 01 Jan 2005 05:00:00 +0100</pubDate>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">1819868</guid>        </item>
        <item>
            <title>&quot;Association or causation?&quot; The debate on the scientific status of risk factor epidemiology, 1947-c. 1965.</title>
            <link>http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1819867&amp;cid=s_38106_163_f&amp;fid=38106&amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D16212726%26dopt%3DAbstract</link>
            <description>&quot;Association or causation?&quot; The debate on the scientific status of risk factor epidemiology, 1947-c. 1965.
    Clio Med. 2005;75:39-74
    Authors: Berlivet L
    In the second half of the twentieth century, epidemiology came to shape public health discourses and practices to an unprecedented extent. The chapter explores the transformation of the discipline after World War Two and analyses the crucial debate on the notion of &quot;causation&quot; that sprung from the growing interest in non-transmissible, chronic diseases. A landmark in this history was the controversy over the interpretation of the statistical relationship between smoking and lung cancer prompted by American and British publications in 1950. This sometimes heated debate also provided Austin Bradford Hill with the opportunity to set...</description>
            <author>Clio Medica</author>
            <type>journals</type>
        <comments>http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1819867</comments>
            <pubDate>Sat, 01 Jan 2005 05:00:00 +0100</pubDate>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">1819867</guid>        </item>
        <item>
            <title>Who makes alcohol policy? Science and policy networks 1950-2000.</title>
            <link>http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1819866&amp;cid=s_38106_163_f&amp;fid=38106&amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D16212727%26dopt%3DAbstract</link>
            <description>Authors: Thom B
    This chapter examines the interaction between alcohol policy networks, ideological &quot;frames&quot; of understanding of the alcohol problem and the production and use of research evidence. The emergence and growth of policy networks and the production of research based &quot;evidence&quot; as the rationale for change is traced from the mid-nineteenth century over major shifts in understanding of the problem, from a &quot;moral&quot; model to a &quot;disease&quot; model to a &quot;public health&quot; approach and, finally, to an approach which brings together health and criminal justice perspectives. The chapter challenges policy discourse which presents a rational model of policy making supported by &quot;scientific&quot; research.
    PMID: 16212727 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Clio Medica)</description>
            <author>Clio Medica</author>
            <type>journals</type>
        <comments>http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1819866</comments>
            <pubDate>Sat, 01 Jan 2005 05:00:00 +0100</pubDate>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">1819866</guid>        </item>
        <item>
            <title>Issue network versus producer network? ASH, the Tobacco Products Research Trust and UK smoking policy.</title>
            <link>http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1819865&amp;cid=s_38106_163_f&amp;fid=38106&amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D16212728%26dopt%3DAbstract</link>
            <description>Authors: Berridge V
    Policy science studies of networks in smoking policy segment the smoking arena into a &quot;producer network&quot; of industrial and retail interests and an &quot;issue network&quot; of anti-smoking organisations. Case studies of ASH (Action on Smoking and Health) and the Tobacco Products Research Trust (TPRT) indicate that networks in smoking policy were more complex and overlapping. ASH pioneered a new style of media-conscious health activism in the 1970s with an anti-industry line. Nevertheless the strategy of harm reduction remained an objective for industry and government, and also for some public health interests through the work of the TPRT. First safer smoking and then nicotine were the focus of these activities.
    PMID: 16212728 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Clio M...</description>
            <author>Clio Medica</author>
            <type>journals</type>
        <comments>http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1819865</comments>
            <pubDate>Sat, 01 Jan 2005 05:00:00 +0100</pubDate>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">1819865</guid>        </item>
        <item>
            <title>British expert advice on diet and heart disease C. 1945-2000.</title>
            <link>http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1819864&amp;cid=s_38106_163_f&amp;fid=38106&amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D16212729%26dopt%3DAbstract</link>
            <description>Authors: Bufton MW
    This chapter looks at the evolution over fifty years of government recommendations for reducing the risk of coronary heart disease amongst the British population. It also explores how non-governmental organisations such as the BMA established their own nutritional advice giving mechanisms and tried to influence such recommendations--and how networks of scientists constituted advisory committees. Scientists tended to favour recommendations which would lead to interventions within the scope of their own disciplines. It was also the case that consensus was lacking for a long while; this was only arrived at during the end of the period under consideration.
    PMID: 16212729 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Clio Medica)</description>
            <author>Clio Medica</author>
            <type>journals</type>
        <comments>http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1819864</comments>
            <pubDate>Sat, 01 Jan 2005 05:00:00 +0100</pubDate>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">1819864</guid>        </item>
        <item>
            <title>Peer pressure and imposed consensus: the making of the 1984 Guidelines of Good Clinical Practice in the Treatment of Drug Misuse.</title>
            <link>http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1819863&amp;cid=s_38106_163_f&amp;fid=38106&amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D16212730%26dopt%3DAbstract</link>
            <description>Authors: Mars S
    The role of evidence and &quot;expert&quot; opinion in forming drug treatment policies is explored though the case of the first clinical guidelines on drug misuse (1984). Developed to secure the ascendancy of one particular treatment model and impose this on all doctors, they cited no supporting research evidence. The experience of an expert committee was deemed sufficient by many of those involved for determining &quot;good practice&quot;. This chapter considers the motives and alliances of the different factions of the state and medical profession responsible for the guidelines and how each succeeded or failed in achieving their goals.
    PMID: 16212730 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Clio Medica)</description>
            <author>Clio Medica</author>
            <type>journals</type>
        <comments>http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1819863</comments>
            <pubDate>Sat, 01 Jan 2005 05:00:00 +0100</pubDate>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">1819863</guid>        </item>
        <item>
            <title>Evidence, experts and committees: the shaping of hospital pharmacy policy in Great Britain 1948 to 1974.</title>
            <link>http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1819862&amp;cid=s_38106_163_f&amp;fid=38106&amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D16212731%26dopt%3DAbstract</link>
            <description>Authors: Anderson S
    This chapter illustrates the rise of research-based evidence by reference to two post-war enquiries into the hospital pharmaceutical service in Great Britain. The first, by a sub-committee of the Central Health Services Council, resulted in the Linstead report of 1955; the second, by a working party appointed by the Minister of Health, in the Noel Hall report of 1970. The former had little impact, whilst the latter was the catalyst for monumental change. This chapter explores the reasons why. It demonstrates that by the late 1960s greater use was being made of statistics and research-based evidence, and that the Noel Hall working party represented a new style of expert committee that emerged at this time.
    PMID: 16212731 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Cl...</description>
            <author>Clio Medica</author>
            <type>journals</type>
        <comments>http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1819862</comments>
            <pubDate>Sat, 01 Jan 2005 05:00:00 +0100</pubDate>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">1819862</guid>        </item>
        <item>
            <title>Renal dialysis: counting the cost versus counting the need.</title>
            <link>http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1819861&amp;cid=s_38106_163_f&amp;fid=38106&amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D16212732%26dopt%3DAbstract</link>
            <description>Authors: Stanton J
    The relatively &quot;lean and mean&quot; provision of renal dialysis in Britain is a notorious example of &quot;covert rationing&quot;, apparently achieved by a lack of central policy. Then in its first experiment in &quot;target-setting&quot; in the NHS in 1984, central government used the profession's preferred measure of need, thus promoting expansion of renal services, at almost exactly the time when the &quot;quality-adjusted life year&quot; (QALY) developed by health economists indicated that renal dialysis scored low in cost-benefit terms. This chapter examines these conundrums in terms of centre-periphery relations, clinical autonomy versus collective direction, and the politics of competing ways of counting need and cost.
    PMID: 16212732 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Clio Medica)</description>
            <author>Clio Medica</author>
            <type>journals</type>
        <comments>http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1819861</comments>
            <pubDate>Sat, 01 Jan 2005 05:00:00 +0100</pubDate>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">1819861</guid>        </item>
        <item>
            <title>Intensive care: measurement and audit in an expensive growth area of medicine.</title>
            <link>http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1819860&amp;cid=s_38106_163_f&amp;fid=38106&amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D16212733%26dopt%3DAbstract</link>
            <description>Authors: Stanton J
    Intensive care historically shared with renal dialysis a relative shortfall in the UK and widely (wildly?) divergent provision in the regions. However, research on measurement of need was very different, with a focus on clinical audit. Priority was given to assessing how much the performance of different units could be attributed to differing intakes of patients through complex measuring tools such as the APACHE II score. While policy bodies welcomed this approach, policy guidelines in the 1990s relied most heavily on dissemination of &quot;best practice&quot;, in any case raising standards through emulation within the UK rather than raising funding to European levels.
    PMID: 16212733 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Clio Medica)</description>
            <author>Clio Medica</author>
            <type>journals</type>
        <comments>http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1819860</comments>
            <pubDate>Sat, 01 Jan 2005 05:00:00 +0100</pubDate>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">1819860</guid>        </item>
        <item>
            <title>Publicity as policy: the changing role of press and public relations at the BMA, 1940s-80s.</title>
            <link>http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1819859&amp;cid=s_38106_163_f&amp;fid=38106&amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D16212734%26dopt%3DAbstract</link>
            <description>Authors: Loughlin K
    Relationships between policy and publicity or public relations (PR) have been questioned since the emergence of professional public relations in the early-twentieth century. In the field of health and medicine organised PR activity began to flourish in the decades following World War Two. Its presence became evident in government departments, in professional associations, voluntary bodies and campaigning groups. Increasingly, policy decisions had to be publicly performed through rituals like the press conference. This chapter documents the development of press and PR activity at the British Medical Association (BMA) from the 1950s to the 1980s. The BMA provides a well-documented case, which can be used to suggest broader shifts in the association between policy and ...</description>
            <author>Clio Medica</author>
            <type>journals</type>
        <comments>http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1819859</comments>
            <pubDate>Sat, 01 Jan 2005 05:00:00 +0100</pubDate>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">1819859</guid>        </item>
        <item>
            <title>Networks of mass communication: reporting science, health and medicine in the 1950s and '60s.</title>
            <link>http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1819858&amp;cid=s_38106_163_f&amp;fid=38106&amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D16212735%26dopt%3DAbstract</link>
            <description>Authors: Loughlin K
    Policy analysts routinely identify the media as a key player in the post-war policy process. However, we know little about the way this role has developed over time and in relation to different fields of interest. This chapter focuses on the emergence of institutions, mechanisms and professional groups which have served to manage the flow of public communication in relation to science, health and medicine. These are closely connected areas of practice and knowledge production. However, when they are examined as media sources or areas of media interest, each has a different cargo of historical associations.
    PMID: 16212735 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Clio Medica)</description>
            <author>Clio Medica</author>
            <type>journals</type>
        <comments>http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1819858</comments>
            <pubDate>Sat, 01 Jan 2005 05:00:00 +0100</pubDate>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">1819858</guid>        </item>
        <item>
            <title>Emblematic monsters: unnatural conceptions and deformed births in early modern Europe.</title>
            <link>http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1819857&amp;cid=s_38106_163_f&amp;fid=38106&amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D16212737%26dopt%3DAbstract</link>
            <description>Authors: Bates AW
    
    PMID: 16212737 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Clio Medica)</description>
            <author>Clio Medica</author>
            <type>journals</type>
        <comments>http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1819857</comments>
            <pubDate>Sat, 01 Jan 2005 05:00:00 +0100</pubDate>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">1819857</guid>        </item>
        <item>
            <title>New medical challenges during the Scottish enlightenment.</title>
            <link>http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1819856&amp;cid=s_38106_163_f&amp;fid=38106&amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D16212750%26dopt%3DAbstract</link>
            <description>Authors: Risse GB
    
    PMID: 16212750 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Clio Medica)</description>
            <author>Clio Medica</author>
            <type>journals</type>
        <comments>http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1819856</comments>
            <pubDate>Sat, 01 Jan 2005 05:00:00 +0100</pubDate>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">1819856</guid>        </item>
        <item>
            <title>Irritating experiments. Haller's concept and the European controversy on irritability and sensibility, 1750-90.</title>
            <link>http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1819855&amp;cid=s_38106_163_f&amp;fid=38106&amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D16288690%26dopt%3DAbstract</link>
            <description>Authors: Steinke H
    
    PMID: 16288690 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Clio Medica)</description>
            <author>Clio Medica</author>
            <type>journals</type>
        <comments>http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1819855</comments>
            <pubDate>Sat, 01 Jan 2005 05:00:00 +0100</pubDate>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">1819855</guid>        </item>
        <item>
            <title>Introduction: gender and class in the historiography of British and Irish psychiatry.</title>
            <link>http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1819889&amp;cid=s_38106_163_f&amp;fid=38106&amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D15005911%26dopt%3DAbstract</link>
            <description>Authors: Andrews J, Digby A
    This volume had its origin in a stimulating seminar series devoted to historical perspectives on gender and class in the history of psychiatry. The papers presented outlined a number of important perspectives on the place of gender and class within the history of psychiatry and, more broadly, medicine and society. There were also considerable inter-relationships between the various thematic strands developed in the papers - so much so, that organisers, speakers and participants alike were keen to see a published outcome.
    PMID: 15005911 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Clio Medica)</description>
            <author>Clio Medica</author>
            <type>journals</type>
        <comments>http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1819889</comments>
            <pubDate>Thu, 01 Jan 2004 05:00:00 +0100</pubDate>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">1819889</guid>        </item>
        <item>
            <title>Class, gender and madness in eighteenth-century Scotland.</title>
            <link>http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1819888&amp;cid=s_38106_163_f&amp;fid=38106&amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D15005912%26dopt%3DAbstract</link>
            <description>Authors: Houston RA
    This chapter uses a wide range of qualitative and quantitative sources from eighteenth-century Scotland to ask whether identifying someone as mad was an arbitrary means of exerting power over them. Separate sections analyse the effect of gender and class on the constructions of mental disability. The conclusion is that rather than providing evidence of a crude bourgeois and/or male conspiracy, understandings of mental incapacity reveal in a subtle and nuanced way the nature and extent of distinctions between people based on their social status, age, occupation and sex.
    PMID: 15005912 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Clio Medica)</description>
            <author>Clio Medica</author>
            <type>journals</type>
        <comments>http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1819888</comments>
            <pubDate>Thu, 01 Jan 2004 05:00:00 +0100</pubDate>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">1819888</guid>        </item>
        <item>
            <title>Gender and insanity in nineteenth-century Ireland.</title>
            <link>http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1819887&amp;cid=s_38106_163_f&amp;fid=38106&amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D15005913%26dopt%3DAbstract</link>
            <description>Authors: Walsh O
    The nineteenth century was a period of considerable social, political, and economic change in Ireland, change that was demonstrated with particular force in relation to the care of the insane. This chapter seeks to examine some of the means through which the insane were re-figured in nineteenth-century Irish society, and looks in particular at popular conceptions of danger, the gender specificity or otherwise of insanity, and the question of celibacy as a precipitating factor in mental illness.The chapter seeks to engage with the ongoing debate in the history of psychiatry over the relative importance of gender as a factor in the admission, treatment, and discharge of the insane.
    PMID: 15005913 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Clio Medica)</description>
            <author>Clio Medica</author>
            <type>journals</type>
        <comments>http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1819887</comments>
            <pubDate>Thu, 01 Jan 2004 05:00:00 +0100</pubDate>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">1819887</guid>        </item>
        <item>
            <title>Class, gender and insanity in nineteenth-century Wales.</title>
            <link>http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1819886&amp;cid=s_38106_163_f&amp;fid=38106&amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D15005914%26dopt%3DAbstract</link>
            <description>Authors: Michael P
    This chapter shows how class and gender defined the experiences of patients admitted to the North Wales Lunatic Asylum during the late-nineteenth and early-twentieth centuries. Although not lending support to the notion that the asylum was predominantly an instrument of class and gender oppression, it does illustrate how threats of banishment to the asylum could be utilised to reinforce norms of social behaviour outside the institution in far-flung communities across north Wales. It suggests that lay rather than professional encounters were critical in the social construction of madness and the enforcement of social control.
    PMID: 15005914 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Clio Medica)</description>
            <author>Clio Medica</author>
            <type>journals</type>
        <comments>http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1819886</comments>
            <pubDate>Thu, 01 Jan 2004 05:00:00 +0100</pubDate>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">1819886</guid>        </item>
        <item>
            <title>'Embarrassed circumstances': gender, poverty, and insanity in the West Riding of England in the early-Victorian years.</title>
            <link>http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1819885&amp;cid=s_38106_163_f&amp;fid=38106&amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D15005915%26dopt%3DAbstract</link>
            <description>Authors: Levine-Clark M
    Gender assumptions in early-Victorian England held that men derived their identities from work, while women were dependent beings for whom employment was not a central component of identity. Yet just as the New Poor Law positioned women ambiguously, sometimes emphasising women's dependency and other times stressing women's ability to work, so too do asylum records reveal complicated relationships between gender, poverty, and employment. Patient case notes from the West Riding Pauper Lunatic Asylum suggest that employment was a central component of poor women's identities. Female insanity was sometimes attributed to a lack of work, and both medical practitioners and female patients expected poor women to be employed.
    PMID: 15005915 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLI...</description>
            <author>Clio Medica</author>
            <type>journals</type>
        <comments>http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1819885</comments>
            <pubDate>Thu, 01 Jan 2004 05:00:00 +0100</pubDate>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">1819885</guid>        </item>
        <item>
            <title>Delusions of gender?: Lay identification and clinical diagnosis of insanity in Victorian England.</title>
            <link>http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1819884&amp;cid=s_38106_163_f&amp;fid=38106&amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D15005916%26dopt%3DAbstract</link>
            <description>Authors: Wright D
    This chapter examines the lay identification and medical diagnosis of patients admitted to public mental hospitals in Victorian England through an analysis of over 1,500 admissions to the Buckinghamshire Lunatic Asylum. It demonstrates three things: women were institutionalised in numbers commensurate with their representation in the adult population; the certification of the insane was not dominated by male informants; and there is no empirical evidence to suggest that gender played a dominant role in the decision over the selection of particular psychiatric diagnoses. This chapter suggests future areas of research for a new historical epidemiology of mental symptoms.
    PMID: 15005916 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Clio Medica)</description>
            <author>Clio Medica</author>
            <type>journals</type>
        <comments>http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1819884</comments>
            <pubDate>Thu, 01 Jan 2004 05:00:00 +0100</pubDate>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">1819884</guid>        </item>
        <item>
            <title>Sex and sensibility in cultural history: the English governess and the lunatic asylum, 1845-1914.</title>
            <link>http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1819883&amp;cid=s_38106_163_f&amp;fid=38106&amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D15005917%26dopt%3DAbstract</link>
            <description>Authors: Melling J
    This chapter is concerned with the experience of the Victorian governess and other female teachers in the lunatic asylum during the Victorian period. There is now a formidable and complex literature on the governess but little discussion of her experience behind the walls of the asylum. The chapter offers two kinds of comparison: the distinctive pattern of care of governesses in three different institutions in Victorian Devon; and secondly, the progress of those identified as 'governess' with other groups of female teachers in the same period. A number of interesting contrasts emerge. The evidence also indicates the importance of cultural and social influences in the construction of the persona of the female teacher.
    PMID: 15005917 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] ...</description>
            <author>Clio Medica</author>
            <type>journals</type>
        <comments>http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1819883</comments>
            <pubDate>Thu, 01 Jan 2004 05:00:00 +0100</pubDate>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">1819883</guid>        </item>
        <item>
            <title>The female patient experience in two late-nineteenth-century Surrey asylums.</title>
            <link>http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1819882&amp;cid=s_38106_163_f&amp;fid=38106&amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D15005918%26dopt%3DAbstract</link>
            <description>Authors: Shepherd A
    This chapter will investigate how cultural perceptions of gender influenced the diagnosis, confinement and treatment of those women deemed as 'suffering' from a wide range of mental disorders during the latter years of the nineteenth century. Rather than merely illustrating the female patient experience by analysis of only one institution's population, here, two widely contrasting nineteenth-century Surrey asylums come under scrutiny. Brookwood Asylum was a large Poor Law institution, while a mere twenty miles away the middle classes were being treated at the exclusive Holloway Sanatorium.Thus, the question of class in relation to gender and incarceration can also be explored.
    PMID: 15005918 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Clio Medica)</description>
            <author>Clio Medica</author>
            <type>journals</type>
        <comments>http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1819882</comments>
            <pubDate>Thu, 01 Jan 2004 05:00:00 +0100</pubDate>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">1819882</guid>        </item>
        <item>
            <title>A class apart? Admissions to the Dundee Royal Lunatic Asylum 1890-1910.</title>
            <link>http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1819881&amp;cid=s_38106_163_f&amp;fid=38106&amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D15005919%26dopt%3DAbstract</link>
            <description>Authors: Walsh L
    Our perceptions of 'class' and what it meant to be a pauper or a private patient require redefinition before we can draw any firm conclusions on the importance of class to the patient experience in the nineteenth-century Scottish asylum. This chapter argues that a range of influences within the asylum, including financial concerns and a striving for respectability, led to the reconceptualisation of the private patient in this period, thus negating any direct translation of rich and poor into private and pauper. Such an interpretation challenges Scull's suggestion that divisions between private and pauper asylum patients was an accurate reflection of class divisions within Victorian society.
    PMID: 15005919 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Clio Medica)</description>
            <author>Clio Medica</author>
            <type>journals</type>
        <comments>http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1819881</comments>
            <pubDate>Thu, 01 Jan 2004 05:00:00 +0100</pubDate>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">1819881</guid>        </item>
        <item>
            <title>'A menace to the good of society': class, fertility, and the feeble-minded in Edwardian England.</title>
            <link>http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1819880&amp;cid=s_38106_163_f&amp;fid=38106&amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D15005920%26dopt%3DAbstract</link>
            <description>Authors: Jackson M
    During debates on the Feeble-Minded Persons (Control) Bill in 1912, Josiah Wedgwood expressed concerns that legislative provisions to compulsorily detain the feeble-minded would be used primarily to restrict the liberty of women and the working classes. Wedgwood's objections to legislation proved futile. In 1913, the Mental Deficiency Act invested local authorities with the powers to confine mental defectives in certain circumstances. In spite of contemporary efforts to expose the class and gender assumptions evident in the legislation, historians have paid relatively scant attention to the impact of class and gender (or the interaction between the two) on debates about mental deficiency. The aim of this chapter is to redress this imbalance by unravelling the complex...</description>
            <author>Clio Medica</author>
            <type>journals</type>
        <comments>http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1819880</comments>
            <pubDate>Thu, 01 Jan 2004 05:00:00 +0100</pubDate>
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        <item>
            <title>Class and gender in twentieth-century British psychiatry: shell-shock and psychopathic disorder.</title>
            <link>http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1819879&amp;cid=s_38106_163_f&amp;fid=38106&amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D15005921%26dopt%3DAbstract</link>
            <description>Authors: Busfield J
    This chapter explores the ways in which class and gender permeated psychiatric practice in twentieth-century Britain. It first outlines the historical context and changing character of psychiatric ideas and practice, dividing the century into four main periods - Custodialism under attack, 1890-1929; Integration and Medical Innovation, 1930-1953; Community Care and Public Sector Expansion, 1954-1973; and Privatisation and Commercialisation, 1974 to the Present. The chapter then uses the prism of two psychiatric categories - shell-shock and psychopathic disorder to examine in some detail the ways in which class and gender are embedded in psychiatric work.
    PMID: 15005921 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Clio Medica)</description>
            <author>Clio Medica</author>
            <type>journals</type>
        <comments>http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1819879</comments>
            <pubDate>Thu, 01 Jan 2004 05:00:00 +0100</pubDate>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">1819879</guid>        </item>
        <item>
            <title>Introduction: the Cape Doctor in the nineteenth century.</title>
            <link>http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1819878&amp;cid=s_38106_163_f&amp;fid=38106&amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D15228686%26dopt%3DAbstract</link>
            <description>Authors: Deacon H
    The Cape Doctor, named after the profession as well as the wind that sweeps the Cape Peninsula of dangerous miasmas, is a social history of medicine, seeking to place formal western medicine within its political, social and economic context. Besides Shula Marks' study of South African nurses, Divided Sisterhood, no previous work has brought such a breadth of material about South Africa's medical past under the framework of social history. This work provides clear evidence of the way in which the Cape medical profession excluded all but a few women and black practitioners, and discriminated along lines of race, class and gender in their practice, but it also moves beyond the classic revisionist tradition (documenting the emergence of a society divided along lines of ra...</description>
            <author>Clio Medica</author>
            <type>journals</type>
        <comments>http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1819878</comments>
            <pubDate>Thu, 01 Jan 2004 05:00:00 +0100</pubDate>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">1819878</guid>        </item>
        <item>
            <title>The Cape doctor and the broader medical market, 1800-1850.</title>
            <link>http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1819877&amp;cid=s_38106_163_f&amp;fid=38106&amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D15228687%26dopt%3DAbstract</link>
            <description>Authors: Deacon H
    Regularly trained and licensed Cape doctors in the nineteenth century operated within a medical market which accommodated other suppliers of medical care, both competing and complementary. These 'alternative practitioners' included shopkeepers selling patent medicines, apothecaries, chemists and midwives, Muslim folk healers and indigenous Khoisan or African healers. Licensed doctors also provided medical services for a wide variety of clients - white settlers, their slaves, servants, free blacks and indigenes, usually in decreasing order of frequency. Most of these patients probably consulted alternative practitioners as well, often in preference to the Western-trained doctor. Cape doctors distanced themselves very firmly from alternative healers and folk medical tra...</description>
            <author>Clio Medica</author>
            <type>journals</type>
        <comments>http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1819877</comments>
            <pubDate>Thu, 01 Jan 2004 05:00:00 +0100</pubDate>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">1819877</guid>        </item>
        <item>
            <title>Medical gentlemen and the process of professionalisation before 1860.</title>
            <link>http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1819876&amp;cid=s_38106_163_f&amp;fid=38106&amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D15228688%26dopt%3DAbstract</link>
            <description>Authors: Deacon H
    In the early-nineteenth century, the professionalisation of medicine at the Cape began in earnest. Although there were key legislative and professional developments in this period, the notion, outlined in Burrows' seminal work on South African medical history, that it was a 'golden' age of medical reform underplays the extent of intra-professional differentiation and draws attention away from the politics of professional regulation at the Cape. The period was a time of inter- and intra-professional conflict as doctors, druggists and shopkeepers competed to sell drugs and medical advice and it spawned a profession that was deeply divided. In spite of early, general and monopolistic legislation passed in 1807, the process of medical professionalisation at the Cape was v...</description>
            <author>Clio Medica</author>
            <type>journals</type>
        <comments>http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1819876</comments>
            <pubDate>Thu, 01 Jan 2004 05:00:00 +0100</pubDate>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">1819876</guid>        </item>
        <item>
            <title>Home taught for abroad: the training of the Cape doctor, 1807-1910.</title>
            <link>http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1819875&amp;cid=s_38106_163_f&amp;fid=38106&amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D15228689%26dopt%3DAbstract</link>
            <description>Authors: Phillips H
    Given that the Cape (or for that matter South Africa) did not have a full medical school until 1920, all Cape doctors before then were trained outside of Africa, the vast majority in Britain and Continental Europe. Accordingly, this chapter examines the kind of training they received in these countries, as this fundamentally shaped the kind of medicine they subsequently practised at the Cape. It concludes by exploring why medical training was so slow to develop at the Cape, and what the long-term effects of this were on these medical schools and their curricula.
    PMID: 15228689 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Clio Medica)</description>
            <author>Clio Medica</author>
            <type>journals</type>
        <comments>http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1819875</comments>
            <pubDate>Thu, 01 Jan 2004 05:00:00 +0100</pubDate>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">1819875</guid>        </item>
        <item>
            <title>Opportunities outside private practice before 1860.</title>
            <link>http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1819874&amp;cid=s_38106_163_f&amp;fid=38106&amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D15228690%26dopt%3DAbstract</link>
            <description>Authors: Deacon H, van Heyningen E
    This chapter discusses the restrictions and opportunities which salaried employment offered Cape doctors in the pay of government and charitable organisations during the first two thirds of the nineteenth century. Although Cape doctors often acted as agents of the colonial state there were many nuances within this relationship. While military doctors played an important role in the profession during the first few decades of the century, by the 1840s civilian doctors were beginning to assert greater influence in Cape Town, if not yet in the Eastern Cape. Hospital posts and an expanding network of charitable organisations and government-funded district surgeoncies provided part-time employment for some doctors throughout the colony.This helped urban-bas...</description>
            <author>Clio Medica</author>
            <type>journals</type>
        <comments>http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1819874</comments>
            <pubDate>Thu, 01 Jan 2004 05:00:00 +0100</pubDate>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">1819874</guid>        </item>
        <item>
            <title>Medical practice in the Eastern Cape.</title>
            <link>http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1819873&amp;cid=s_38106_163_f&amp;fid=38106&amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D15228691%26dopt%3DAbstract</link>
            <description>Authors: van Heyningen E
    The Eastern Cape developed slightly different medical traditions from the Western Cape. The majority Xhosa population had healing practices of their own which they shared only partly with the Khoi, while Boer medical practice had become more remote from modern Western medicine. Missionary medicine was relatively undeveloped in this period but through the Grey Hospital the Governor, Sir George Grey, promoted Western medicine amongst Africans. In this frontier territory, British military doctors encouraged early scientific societies and, in the absence of other medical men, treated civilians both black and white. The advent of the British settlers after 1820 placed a strongly British stamp on the practice of Eastern Cape medicine.
    PMID: 15228691 [PubMed - ind...</description>
            <author>Clio Medica</author>
            <type>journals</type>
        <comments>http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1819873</comments>
            <pubDate>Thu, 01 Jan 2004 05:00:00 +0100</pubDate>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">1819873</guid>        </item>
        <item>
            <title>'Regularly licensed and properly educated practitioners': professionalisation 1860-1910.</title>
            <link>http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1819872&amp;cid=s_38106_163_f&amp;fid=38106&amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D15228692%26dopt%3DAbstract</link>
            <description>Authors: van Heyningen E
    This chapter explores the later professionalisation of medicine at the Cape, particularly after the discovery of diamonds and gold, when the number of doctors increased. As the demand for an improved public health system grew, and the Colonial Medical Committee was unable to cope with the more complex demands of the colony, legislation was gradually set in place to transform the practice of medicine.This legislation included a Public Health Act, improved censuses, the registration of births and deaths, and a more effective registration of nurses as well as doctors and pharmacists. By the time the Cape entered the Union in 1910, it possessed modern, well-organised medical structures.
    PMID: 15228692 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Clio Medica)</description>
            <author>Clio Medica</author>
            <type>journals</type>
        <comments>http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1819872</comments>
            <pubDate>Thu, 01 Jan 2004 05:00:00 +0100</pubDate>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">1819872</guid>        </item>
        <item>
            <title>Mineral wealth and medical opportunity.</title>
            <link>http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1819871&amp;cid=s_38106_163_f&amp;fid=38106&amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D15228693%26dopt%3DAbstract</link>
            <description>Authors: Deacon H, Van Heyningen E, Swartz S, Swanson F
    With the increase in population and in colonial revenues after the discovery of diamonds and gold in the last quarter of the nineteenth century, public and private hospitals proliferated, particularly in larger centres such as Cape Town. The numbers of practitioners engaged in public health also increased. Perhaps as important, doctors were now accepted as skilled professionals and remunerated accordingly. At the same time there was also a greater demand for doctors in the employment of business and industry, particularly the insurance industry and the railways. These opportunities for salaried employment somewhat reduced doctors' professional autonomy and occasionally encouraged intra-professional squabbles. Yet they also provide...</description>
            <author>Clio Medica</author>
            <type>journals</type>
        <comments>http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1819871</comments>
            <pubDate>Thu, 01 Jan 2004 05:00:00 +0100</pubDate>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">1819871</guid>        </item>
        <item>
            <title>Making a medical living: the economics of medical practice in the Cape c.1860-1910.</title>
            <link>http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1819870&amp;cid=s_38106_163_f&amp;fid=38106&amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D15228694%26dopt%3DAbstract</link>
            <description>Authors: Digby A
    The economics of colonial medicine have been largely neglected. This chapter shall seek first to give an overview of the medical market in the Cape during the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, before turning to a fuller exploration of the nature of private and public practice, and their inter-relationship. The chapter will end with a case study of Dr William Darley-Hartley whose life exemplified some typical features of life in the Cape medical profession at this time.
    PMID: 15228694 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Clio Medica)</description>
            <author>Clio Medica</author>
            <type>journals</type>
        <comments>http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1819870</comments>
            <pubDate>Thu, 01 Jan 2004 05:00:00 +0100</pubDate>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">1819870</guid>        </item>
        <item>
            <title>The Cape doctor 1807-1910: perspectives.</title>
            <link>http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1819869&amp;cid=s_38106_163_f&amp;fid=38106&amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D15228695%26dopt%3DAbstract</link>
            <description>Authors: Phillips H
    This chapter contrasts the Cape doctor in 1807 and in 1910, and finds that, in a whole variety of ways, the differences between the two were not of degree but of kind. Underlying this sea-change was the germ revolution of the late Victorian era, which transformed the Cape doctor out of all recognition, thereby laying important foundations for the development of the twentieth-century South African doctor.
    PMID: 15228695 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Clio Medica)</description>
            <author>Clio Medica</author>
            <type>journals</type>
        <comments>http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1819869</comments>
            <pubDate>Thu, 01 Jan 2004 05:00:00 +0100</pubDate>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">1819869</guid>        </item>
        <item>
            <title>The Regius Chair of Military Surgery in the University of Edinburgh, 1806-55.</title>
            <link>http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1819917&amp;cid=s_38106_163_f&amp;fid=38106&amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D12724023%26dopt%3DAbstract</link>
            <description>Authors: Kaufman MH
    
    PMID: 12724023 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Clio Medica)</description>
            <author>Clio Medica</author>
            <type>journals</type>
        <comments>http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1819917</comments>
            <pubDate>Wed, 01 Jan 2003 05:00:00 +0100</pubDate>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">1819917</guid>        </item>
        <item>
            <title>For fear of pain: British surgery, 1790-1850.</title>
            <link>http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1819916&amp;cid=s_38106_163_f&amp;fid=38106&amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D12737690%26dopt%3DAbstract</link>
            <description>Authors: Stanley P
    
    PMID: 12737690 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Clio Medica)</description>
            <author>Clio Medica</author>
            <type>journals</type>
        <comments>http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1819916</comments>
            <pubDate>Wed, 01 Jan 2003 05:00:00 +0100</pubDate>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">1819916</guid>        </item>
        <item>
            <title>Introduction: Cultures of child health in Britain and the Netherlands in the twentieth century.</title>
            <link>http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1819914&amp;cid=s_38106_163_f&amp;fid=38106&amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D12803749%26dopt%3DAbstract</link>
            <description>Authors: Marland H, Gijswijt-Hofstra M
    
    PMID: 12803749 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Clio Medica)</description>
            <author>Clio Medica</author>
            <type>journals</type>
        <comments>http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1819914</comments>
            <pubDate>Wed, 01 Jan 2003 05:00:00 +0100</pubDate>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">1819914</guid>        </item>
        <item>
            <title>Vigorous, pure and vulnerable: Child health and citizenship in the Netherlands since the end of the nineteenth century.</title>
            <link>http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1819913&amp;cid=s_38106_163_f&amp;fid=38106&amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D12803750%26dopt%3DAbstract</link>
            <description>Authors: de Haan I
    
    PMID: 12803750 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Clio Medica)</description>
            <author>Clio Medica</author>
            <type>journals</type>
        <comments>http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1819913</comments>
            <pubDate>Wed, 01 Jan 2003 05:00:00 +0100</pubDate>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">1819913</guid>        </item>
        <item>
            <title>Child health, national fitness, and physical education in Britain, 1900-1940.</title>
            <link>http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1819912&amp;cid=s_38106_163_f&amp;fid=38106&amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D12803751%26dopt%3DAbstract</link>
            <description>Authors: Welshman J
    
    PMID: 12803751 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Clio Medica)</description>
            <author>Clio Medica</author>
            <type>journals</type>
        <comments>http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1819912</comments>
            <pubDate>Wed, 01 Jan 2003 05:00:00 +0100</pubDate>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">1819912</guid>        </item>
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            <title>Educational reform, citizenship and the origins of the School Medical Service.</title>
            <link>http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1819911&amp;cid=s_38106_163_f&amp;fid=38106&amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D12803752%26dopt%3DAbstract</link>
            <description>Authors: Harris B
    
    PMID: 12803752 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Clio Medica)</description>
            <author>Clio Medica</author>
            <type>journals</type>
        <comments>http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1819911</comments>
            <pubDate>Wed, 01 Jan 2003 05:00:00 +0100</pubDate>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">1819911</guid>        </item>
        <item>
            <title>Child health, commerce and family values: the domestic production of the middle class in late-nineteenth and early-twentieth century Britain.</title>
            <link>http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1819910&amp;cid=s_38106_163_f&amp;fid=38106&amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D12803753%26dopt%3DAbstract</link>
            <description>Authors: Gurjeva LG
    
    PMID: 12803753 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Clio Medica)</description>
            <author>Clio Medica</author>
            <type>journals</type>
        <comments>http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1819910</comments>
            <pubDate>Wed, 01 Jan 2003 05:00:00 +0100</pubDate>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">1819910</guid>        </item>
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            <title>Health and the medicalisation of advice to parents in the Netherlands, 1890-1950.</title>
            <link>http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1819909&amp;cid=s_38106_163_f&amp;fid=38106&amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D12803754%26dopt%3DAbstract</link>
            <description>Authors: Bakker N
    
    PMID: 12803754 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Clio Medica)</description>
            <author>Clio Medica</author>
            <type>journals</type>
        <comments>http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1819909</comments>
            <pubDate>Wed, 01 Jan 2003 05:00:00 +0100</pubDate>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">1819909</guid>        </item>
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            <title>'Grown-up children': understandings of health and mental deficiency in Edwardian England.</title>
            <link>http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1819908&amp;cid=s_38106_163_f&amp;fid=38106&amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D12803755%26dopt%3DAbstract</link>
            <description>Authors: Jackson M
    
    PMID: 12803755 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Clio Medica)</description>
            <author>Clio Medica</author>
            <type>journals</type>
        <comments>http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1819908</comments>
            <pubDate>Wed, 01 Jan 2003 05:00:00 +0100</pubDate>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">1819908</guid>        </item>
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            <title>Mulock Houwer's 'Education for responsibility': a chapter from the Dutch history of institutional upbringing.</title>
            <link>http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1819907&amp;cid=s_38106_163_f&amp;fid=38106&amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D12803756%26dopt%3DAbstract</link>
            <description>Authors: Weijers I
    
    PMID: 12803756 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Clio Medica)</description>
            <author>Clio Medica</author>
            <type>journals</type>
        <comments>http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1819907</comments>
            <pubDate>Wed, 01 Jan 2003 05:00:00 +0100</pubDate>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">1819907</guid>        </item>
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            <title>The healthy citizen of empire or juvenile delinquent?: Beating and mental health in the UK.</title>
            <link>http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1819906&amp;cid=s_38106_163_f&amp;fid=38106&amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D12803757%26dopt%3DAbstract</link>
            <description>Authors: Thom D
    
    PMID: 12803757 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Clio Medica)</description>
            <author>Clio Medica</author>
            <type>journals</type>
        <comments>http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1819906</comments>
            <pubDate>Wed, 01 Jan 2003 05:00:00 +0100</pubDate>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">1819906</guid>        </item>
        <item>
            <title>Children's emotional well-being and mental health in early post-second world war britain: the case of unrestricted hospital visiting.</title>
            <link>http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1819905&amp;cid=s_38106_163_f&amp;fid=38106&amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D12803758%26dopt%3DAbstract</link>
            <description>Authors: Hendrick H
    
    PMID: 12803758 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Clio Medica)</description>
            <author>Clio Medica</author>
            <type>journals</type>
        <comments>http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1819905</comments>
            <pubDate>Wed, 01 Jan 2003 05:00:00 +0100</pubDate>
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        <item>
            <title>The problem of sex education in the Netherlands in the twentieth century.</title>
            <link>http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1819904&amp;cid=s_38106_163_f&amp;fid=38106&amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D12803759%26dopt%3DAbstract</link>
            <description>Authors: R&amp;#xF6;ling H
    
    PMID: 12803759 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Clio Medica)</description>
            <author>Clio Medica</author>
            <type>journals</type>
        <comments>http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1819904</comments>
            <pubDate>Wed, 01 Jan 2003 05:00:00 +0100</pubDate>
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        <item>
            <title>'Tall, spanking people': the idealisation of adolescents in a Dutch therapeutic community.</title>
            <link>http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1819903&amp;cid=s_38106_163_f&amp;fid=38106&amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D12803760%26dopt%3DAbstract</link>
            <description>Authors: Blok G
    
    PMID: 12803760 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Clio Medica)</description>
            <author>Clio Medica</author>
            <type>journals</type>
        <comments>http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1819903</comments>
            <pubDate>Wed, 01 Jan 2003 05:00:00 +0100</pubDate>
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        <item>
            <title>In the name of the child beyond.</title>
            <link>http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1819902&amp;cid=s_38106_163_f&amp;fid=38106&amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D12803761%26dopt%3DAbstract</link>
            <description>Authors: Cooter R
    
    PMID: 12803761 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Clio Medica)</description>
            <author>Clio Medica</author>
            <type>journals</type>
        <comments>http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1819902</comments>
            <pubDate>Wed, 01 Jan 2003 05:00:00 +0100</pubDate>
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        <item>
            <title>Dental practice in Europe at the end of the 18th century.</title>
            <link>http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1819901&amp;cid=s_38106_163_f&amp;fid=38106&amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D12952659%26dopt%3DAbstract</link>
            <description>Authors: Hillam C
    
    PMID: 12952659 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Clio Medica)</description>
            <author>Clio Medica</author>
            <type>journals</type>
        <comments>http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1819901</comments>
            <pubDate>Wed, 01 Jan 2003 05:00:00 +0100</pubDate>
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            <title>Dental practitioners in France at the end of the eighteenth century.</title>
            <link>http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1819900&amp;cid=s_38106_163_f&amp;fid=38106&amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D12952660%26dopt%3DAbstract</link>
            <description>Authors: Baron P
    This chapter serves as a reminder of the political and social conditions in France over a period that embraces the Ancient Regime, the Revolution and the post-Revolutionary years. Contemporary legislation relating to the practice of medicine and dentistry in particular is outlined.
    PMID: 12952660 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Clio Medica)</description>
            <author>Clio Medica</author>
            <type>journals</type>
        <comments>http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1819900</comments>
            <pubDate>Wed, 01 Jan 2003 05:00:00 +0100</pubDate>
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            <title>Dental practice in selected areas of France.</title>
            <link>http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1819899&amp;cid=s_38106_163_f&amp;fid=38106&amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D12952661%26dopt%3DAbstract</link>
            <description>Authors: Baron P
    This is an exploration of the great diversity to be found among those offering treatment of the teeth and determines what impact, if any, the change of regime had upon the practice of dentistry. The study is not restricted to the 'expert dentists' (already much studied by traditional histories of dentistry in France) but attempts to describe dental practice as it really was. In an attempt to paint as broad a picture as possible, it draws on material from such diverse communities as Lyons, Rennes, Sens, Dijon,Toulouse, Aix en Provence and Nancy. A description of the sources used is to be found in Appendix 1.
    PMID: 12952661 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Clio Medica)</description>
            <author>Clio Medica</author>
            <type>journals</type>
        <comments>http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1819899</comments>
            <pubDate>Wed, 01 Jan 2003 05:00:00 +0100</pubDate>
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            <title>Dental practice in Paris.</title>
            <link>http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1819898&amp;cid=s_38106_163_f&amp;fid=38106&amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D12952662%26dopt%3DAbstract</link>
            <description>Authors: Baron P
    This describes dental practice and the availability of dental patent remedies in Paris. Accounts of legal disputes, from original sources, illustrate the status and social history of some of the most wealthy dental practitioners in Paris during the Revolution.
    PMID: 12952662 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Clio Medica)</description>
            <author>Clio Medica</author>
            <type>journals</type>
        <comments>http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1819898</comments>
            <pubDate>Wed, 01 Jan 2003 05:00:00 +0100</pubDate>
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        <item>
            <title>France: discussion.</title>
            <link>http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1819897&amp;cid=s_38106_163_f&amp;fid=38106&amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D12952663%26dopt%3DAbstract</link>
            <description>Authors: Baron P
    An attempt is made here to answer the question 'What is a dentist?'. Is he (or she) a successful pillar of society, wealthy and respected, or a lying charlatan, claiming all sorts of unbelievable cures and treatments. Were they specialists or was dentistry a sideline for some other trade or profession? This chapter discusses the evidence from France.
    PMID: 12952663 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Clio Medica)</description>
            <author>Clio Medica</author>
            <type>journals</type>
        <comments>http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1819897</comments>
            <pubDate>Wed, 01 Jan 2003 05:00:00 +0100</pubDate>
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            <title>Dentistry in the British Isles.</title>
            <link>http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1819896&amp;cid=s_38106_163_f&amp;fid=38106&amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D12952664%26dopt%3DAbstract</link>
            <description>Authors: Hargreaves A
    This wide-ranging and in-depth study of dental practice in the British Isles reveals the origins and education of practitioners in the context of the political and economic background and that of their medical colleagues. The nature and costs of treatments offered are examined, as well as the marketing of other products such as toothache cures and mouthwashes. The significance of advertising, especially in connection with the need for migration and mobility of practitioners to secure a living is discussed.The second half of the chapter looks at individual practitioners in selected areas of England, Scotland and Ireland, the types of treatment they offered and their professional travels.
    PMID: 12952664 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Clio Medica)</description>
            <author>Clio Medica</author>
            <type>journals</type>
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            <pubDate>Wed, 01 Jan 2003 05:00:00 +0100</pubDate>
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