MedWorm.com provides a medical RSS filtering service. Over 6000 RSS medical sources are combined and output via different filters. This feed contains the latest items from the 'Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology' source. Wed, 08 Feb 2012 08:41:30 +0100 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5638170&cid=s_35486_6_f&fid=35486&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.croh-online.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1040842812000066%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes (Source: Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology) Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5638170 Sun, 29 Jan 2012 13:23:03 +0100 5638170 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4903854&cid=s_35486_6_f&fid=35486&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.croh-online.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1040842811001478%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes (Source: Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology) Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4903854 Tue, 07 Jun 2011 15:18:03 +0100 4903854 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5400258&cid=s_35486_6_f&fid=35486&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.croh-online.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS104084281100120X%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Non-melanoma skin cancers are a common reality worldwide. The principal cause that determines the occurrence of these diseases is the exposition of the sun, which principally causes an alteration in the immune system. Therefore, it is possible that other forms of innate or acquired alterations of the immune system could favor the occurrence of non-melanoma skin cancers.For example, several studies have demonstrated that immunosenescence creates an immunosuppressive state that encourages the development of malignances, and new discoveries have noted the importance of T cells and in particular of T regulatory cells (Treg) and T receptor CD28 in this mechanism. Similar results are obtained analyzing the effect of immunosuppressive drugs. The importance of the immune system and its a... Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5400258 Wed, 25 May 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5400258 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5400257&cid=s_35486_6_f&fid=35486&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.croh-online.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1040842811001107%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: This retrospective observational study was designed to describe feasibility and tolerance of adjuvant Taxotere®/cyclophosphamide (TC) chemotherapy in women aged over 70 years with early breast cancer. Data including geriatric evaluations were collected from the medical charts of 110 patients from 14 oncology institutions in France who had completed adjuvant systemic TC (91% received at least 4 cycles). Median age was 73 years (range 70–85), 51% of patients had breast conserving surgery, 42% had a tumor smaller than 2cm and 33% had positive nodes. Geriatric assessment was performed by oncologists in 88% of patients; 55% were considered fit, 5% had geriatric syndrome and 10% had more than three comorbidities. Neutropenia was reported in 15% of patients, including febrile neutrop... Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5400257 Thu, 12 May 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5400257 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4805591&cid=s_35486_6_f&fid=35486&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.croh-online.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1040842811001259%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes (Source: Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology) Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4805591 Wed, 11 May 2011 15:24:30 +0100 4805591 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5638171&cid=s_35486_6_f&fid=35486&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.croh-online.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1040842811000898%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Highlights: ► MiRNAs influence nearly all aspects of health and diseases, including cancer. ► Cancer cells have miRNAs aberrations (deregulated gene expression and mutations). ► MiRNA aberrations affect apoptosis, drug targets, transport or metabolism. ► MiRNAs also regulate cancer stem cells, which are chemoresistant. ► MiRNA profiling can be used to predict drug resistance and customize therapies.Abstract: Drug resistance remains a major problem in the treatment of cancer patients for both conventional chemotherapeutic and novel biological agents. Intrinsic or acquired resistance can be caused by a range of mechanisms, including increased drug elimination, decreased drug uptake, drug inactivation and alterations of drug targets. Recent data showed that other than by genetic (mu... Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5638171 Fri, 06 May 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5638171 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5638177&cid=s_35486_6_f&fid=35486&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.croh-online.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1040842811000680%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Conclusion: Presence of comorbidity at diagnosis is an important prognostic factor in early breast cancer, irrespective of age and stage of disease. (Source: Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology) Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5638177 Tue, 03 May 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5638177 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5638176&cid=s_35486_6_f&fid=35486&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.croh-online.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1040842811000758%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Primary malignant melanoma (MM) of the uterine cervix is an extremely rare neoplasm, with about 78 cases described in the literature. Since traces of melanocytes in normal cervical epithelium were found in 3.5% of cases primary origin of melanoma at this site cannot be ruled out. It occurs mainly in the sixth decade of life, and it is five time less common than primary vaginal or vulvar MM. Clinical history usually includes abnormal genital bleeding; and physical examination frequently reveals a pigmented, exophytic cervical mass. Diagnosis is confirmed by immuno-histochemical methods and by exclusion of any other primary site of melanoma. Treatment of this condition is not yet standardized, and the overall prognosis is very poor.Diagnostic approaches and therapeutic procedures o... Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5638176 Mon, 25 Apr 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5638176 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5524216&cid=s_35486_6_f&fid=35486&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.croh-online.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1040842811000503%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Immune-mediated hematological diseases are rare, but typical paraneoplastic syndromes. We have critically analyzed 68 published cases of an association of autoimmune thrombocytopenia (ITP) and solid cancers. Such cases occurred in a variety of cancers. They were most common in patients with lung and breast cancer, very rare in prostate cancer, but relatively common in renal cell and ovarian cancers. ITP occurred in about half of the patients concurrently with cancer, in about 25% prior to cancer and in others some time after diagnosis and treatment of cancer. In the latter patients ITP was either a sign of recurrence of cancer or had other causes. In most patients ITP responded to steroid treatment. There were only few patients who had a complete response of ITP after surgical re... Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5524216 Mon, 25 Apr 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5524216 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5313994&cid=s_35486_6_f&fid=35486&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.croh-online.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1040842811000746%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Improved therapies for advanced cancers have prolonged the survival of patients with malignant bone disease (MBD), leading to long-term treatment to prevent skeletal-related events (SREs). Selecting the most suitable antiresorptive agent is influenced by efficacy, practicality of administration, safety, cost, and patient compliance. Intravenous bisphosphonates are an established standard of care for patients with MBD, and denosumab recently gained regulatory approval in the United States for reducing the risk of SREs in patients with MBD from solid tumors. This review examines the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of different antiresorptives in the context of clinical decision making for the treatment of MBD. Continuous, regular treatment with antiresorptives has be... Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5313994 Thu, 21 Apr 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5313994 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5638173&cid=s_35486_6_f&fid=35486&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.croh-online.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1040842811000709%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: In this article, we reviewed and quantified reporting of the risk of myelotoxicity, specifically febrile neutropenia (FN), and the related use of supportive care with colony-stimulating factor (CSF) or antibiotics in clinical trials published between January 2005 and June 2009, evaluating emerging regimens for the treatment of selected solid tumors. Our analysis showed that clinically significant neutropenia and neutropenia-related events were generally described in the studies evaluated (grade 3/4 neutropenia incidence, 72%; FN incidence, 53%). However, use of CSF and antibiotics was infrequently and inconsistently reported (trials reporting prophylactic CSF and antibiotics use: in the methods section, 38% and 10%, respectively; in the results section, 19% and 1%, respectively).... Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5638173 Wed, 20 Apr 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5638173 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5638175&cid=s_35486_6_f&fid=35486&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.croh-online.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1040842811000692%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes This article reviews the available information on eribulin with respect to its clinical pharmacology, mechanism of action, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, metabolism, preclinical studies and clinical trials. (Source: Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology) Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5638175 Fri, 15 Apr 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5638175 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4685914&cid=s_35486_6_f&fid=35486&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.croh-online.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1040842811000783%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes (Source: Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology) Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4685914 Fri, 08 Apr 2011 14:38:08 +0100 4685914 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5638172&cid=s_35486_6_f&fid=35486&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.croh-online.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1040842811000539%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Health-related quality of life (HRQOL) and other patient-reported outcomes (PROs) might be crucial in comparing effectiveness of treatments as they could provide invaluable information to better inform clinical decision-making. This is particularly true in the era of targeted therapies (TT). A systematic review was undertaken on all studies with CML patients published from 1980 to 2010 and including a PRO evaluation. Out of 619 articles scrutinized, 15 met eligibility criteria and no study was published before 1995. Six dealt mainly with interferon-based therapies, 7 with bone marrow transplantation and only 2 evaluated PROs in the context of TT. No disease-specific, validated PRO instrument for these patients was found. The main evidence being that Imatinib provides clear advant... Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5638172 Fri, 25 Mar 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5638172 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5524215&cid=s_35486_6_f&fid=35486&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.croh-online.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1040842811000527%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Targeted therapies have revolutionized the treatment of malignancies over the past decade. These agents are generally regarded to posses fewer systemic side effects than traditional cytotoxic chemotherapies. However, patients manifesting organ dysfunction or drug interactions with concurrent medications may require dosing modifications of their targeted therapies in order to reduce the risk of systemic toxicities or reduction of drug efficacies. Studies have shown that wide variations and controversies exist with regard to dosing modifications of drugs, due to the lack of well conducted studies and consensus. Hence, this review was conducted to review the literature on the dosing modification strategies, for 30 commercially available targeted cancer drugs, and to evaluate the cur... Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5524215 Wed, 23 Mar 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5524215 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5313987&cid=s_35486_6_f&fid=35486&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.croh-online.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1040842811000047%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: It has been assumed for a long time that cancer originates in stem cells, the so-called stem cell theory of cancer origin. However, the origin of cancer in committed cells is becoming increasingly recognised. The author discusses accumulated data suggesting the preferential origin of cancer in committed cells. From histopathological, clinical and biological features, two broad tumour categories are here delineated according to the presumed cell stage of malignant transformation: common adult cancers and childhood/undifferentiated tumours corresponding to late and early stage origin, respectively. Higher cancer incidence in committed than stem cells, as well as other observations presented is consistent with the existence of an anti-cancer protective mechanism/s specific to stem c... Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5313987 Wed, 23 Mar 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5313987 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5313995&cid=s_35486_6_f&fid=35486&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.croh-online.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1040842811000199%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Metastatic renal cell carcinoma is resistant to conventional treatment with chemotherapy. Recently the use of molecular-targeted therapies with multikinase inhibitors has been recommended as first-choice therapy because they inhibit cell proliferation and tumour angiogenesis. Sorafenib is a well tolerated tyrosine kinase inhibitor that initially demonstrated efficacy in the treatment of patients with metastatic RCC who progressed after immunotherapy. Expanded-access studies in Europe and North America showed the safety and efficacy of sorafenib in special populations such as elderly, renal failure and cerebral metastases, as well as patients with no prior therapy. No cross-resistance has been suggested in non-randomized trials when used in second line treatment after other target... Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5313995 Mon, 21 Mar 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5313995 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4593907&cid=s_35486_6_f&fid=35486&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.croh-online.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1040842811000564%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes (Source: Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology) Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4593907 Wed, 16 Mar 2011 15:28:44 +0100 4593907 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5400253&cid=s_35486_6_f&fid=35486&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.croh-online.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1040842811000515%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes This article reviews the available recent evidence assessing the potential of bone markers for detecting and monitoring malignant bone lesions in patients with advanced cancers, and for assessing overall skeletal health and response to antiresorptive therapies in patients at all stages of cancer progression. Most data thus far are for urinary N-terminal cross-linked telopeptide of type I collagen (NTX) in predicting risks of skeletal morbidity and death and monitoring response to zoledronic acid in patients with bone metastases. Ongoing studies are evaluating such correlations for other markers and therapies. Emerging evidence suggests that bone markers may help identify patients at high risk for bone metastasis or bone lesion progression, thereby allowing improved follow-up. Results from ... Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5400253 Wed, 16 Mar 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5400253 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5524214&cid=s_35486_6_f&fid=35486&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.croh-online.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1040842811000485%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: NSCLC, a tobacco-caused disease which is therefore highly preventable, is responsible for about 30% of all cancer deaths. Improvements in terms of survival have been overall disappointing. A major advance has been the demonstration of the value of platinum-based chemotherapy, not only for advanced disease, but also in the adjuvant and neoadjuvant settings. The favorable impact of second line therapy has been established as well.The most exciting recent development consists in the effective use of biological targeted therapies, namely the EGFR inhibitors. In selected groups of patients, these agents can be used successfully for first line or second line therapy.It is likely that other biologically targeted therapies will be developed in a near future. These progresses will lead ho... Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5524214 Fri, 11 Mar 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5524214 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5638174&cid=s_35486_6_f&fid=35486&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.croh-online.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1040842811000497%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Conclusions: Rationale and needs for the neoadjuvant or adjuvant use of targeted therapies in RCC are relevant. Significant phase III trials on the adjuvant use of targeted therapy in RCC are ongoing. (Source: Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology) Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5638174 Wed, 09 Mar 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5638174 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5400252&cid=s_35486_6_f&fid=35486&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.croh-online.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1040842811000345%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: The clinical application of the pure beta emitter 90Y constitutes a fundamental advancement in non-invasive medicine. Nowadays, mainly three oncological therapies exploit the intrinsic emissive characteristic of 90Y. Radionuclide therapies include peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) in neuroendocrine tumour (NET) treatment, radioimmunotherapy (RIT) in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) treatment and transarterial radioembolization therapy (TARET) in unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and liver metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) treatment. The last ten years of clinical experience from E-PubMed research have been reviewed and an efficacy correlation between 90Y-therapies has shown a better objective response rate for RIT (ORR 80±15%; range 53–100) compared to PRRT ... Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5400252 Wed, 09 Mar 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5400252 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5524211&cid=s_35486_6_f&fid=35486&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.croh-online.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1040842811000473%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Conclusions: None of the neo-adjuvant treatments tested was able to demonstrate an increase in the rate of sphincter saving surgery. The improvement in conservative surgery is mainly due to technical changes in surgery. Organ preservation after complete clinical response appears as an interesting hypothesis to test. (Source: Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology) Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5524211 Mon, 07 Mar 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5524211 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5524210&cid=s_35486_6_f&fid=35486&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.croh-online.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1040842811000333%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Lumpectomy followed by whole breast radiation therapy (i.e. breast conservation therapy (BCT)) is the standard of care for management of early stage breast cancer. However, its utilization has not been maximized because of a number of reasons including the logistic issues associated with the 5–6weeks of radiation treatment. Also, pathological and clinical data suggest that most ipsilateral breast cancer recurrences are in the vicinity of the lumpectomy. Accelerated partial breast irradiation (APBI) is an approach that treats only the lumpectomy bed plus a 1–2cm margin, rather than the whole breast with higher doses of radiation in a shorter period of time. There has been growing interest for APBI and various approaches have been developed and are under phase I–III clinical ... Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5524210 Mon, 07 Mar 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5524210 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5524218&cid=s_35486_6_f&fid=35486&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.croh-online.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1040842811000369%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes This article reviews the current state of the art for the treatment of ALL in adults. (Source: Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology) Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5524218 Mon, 28 Feb 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5524218 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5313993&cid=s_35486_6_f&fid=35486&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.croh-online.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1040842810002647%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Conclusions: Independent of cytotoxic chemotherapy, sorafenib has significant hematologic toxicities, with a decreased risk of anemia and increased risk of neutropenia, thrombocytopenia and lymphopenia. (Source: Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology) Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5313993 Tue, 22 Feb 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5313993 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5400255&cid=s_35486_6_f&fid=35486&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.croh-online.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1040842811000357%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: External factors such as eating habits and physical activity have an important impact on breast cancer risk. This paper reviews the literature on the relationship between breast cancer and lifestyle. It aims to produce recommendations regarding physical activity and dietary intake for clinical practice. Although strong clinical evidence of the impact of lifestyle modifications is still lacking, practising healthy eating should be encouraged for the prevention of cancer, its occurrence or relapse. Physical activity is recommended to avoid excessive weight gain. For example, the beneficial effects on the risk of breast cancer could be achieved by walking half an hour per day. Three to five hours per week of moderate physical exercise therefore should be recommended for optimising t... Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5400255 Mon, 21 Feb 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5400255 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5524212&cid=s_35486_6_f&fid=35486&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.croh-online.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1040842811000163%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Background: Secondary tumours (ST) represent a major concern in survivors of Hodgkin's disease (HD). Breast cancer (BC) is the most frequent ST among young treated women.Material and methods: One hundred and eighty-nine women treated for HD by radiotherapy (RT) and/or chemotherapy (CT) subsequently developed 214 BCs.Results: Median age at HD diagnosis was 25 years (34% were less than 20). Median interval between HD and BC was 18.6 years, with a 42-year median age at first BC. According to the TNM classification, there were 30 (14%) T0 (non palbable lesions), 86 (40%) T1, 56 (26%) T2, 13 (6%) T3T4 and 29 (14%) Tx. There were 25 (13.2%) contralateral BC. 160 (75%) and 15 (7%) tumours were infiltrating ductal and lobular carcinomas, 7 (3.3%) were other subtypes and 27 (22%) DCIS.The... Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5524212 Fri, 18 Feb 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5524212 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5400254&cid=s_35486_6_f&fid=35486&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.croh-online.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1040842811000217%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes This article will discuss both consensus and controversies in the management of MBC in the context of the new evolving breast cancer molecular classification. Hormonal therapy remains the mainstay of management of MBC Luminal A and B. Data is emerging on management of ErbB2-positive HR-positive MBC by combining hormonal manipulation and targeted anti-ErbB2 therapy and has recently received regulatory approval in Europe and USA. The optimal use and duration of single agent or combination chemotherapy is discussed. Data and controversies surrounding the use of newer agents such as nab-paclitaxel, ixabepilone, eribulin, and PARP inhibitors as well as trastuzumab is reviewed. Better understanding of pathophysiology has paved the way for the introduction of newer anti-ErbB2 agents such as lapat... Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5400254 Fri, 18 Feb 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5400254 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5400250&cid=s_35486_6_f&fid=35486&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.croh-online.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1040842811000205%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Molecular targeted therapies (MTTs) have become a major component of modern management of various hematological and solid malignancies. However, some MTTs have been associated with cardiotoxicity. MTT-induced cardiovascular side effects include left ventricular systolic dysfunction, heart failure, conduction abnormalities, acute coronary syndrome, and hypertension. One of the most threatening complications of MTT, and notably of angiogenic inhibitors, is QT prolongation with the risk of torsades de pointe and sudden death. The precise incidence of cardiovascular events associated with MTT as well as their reversibility are unknown. Here, we summarize what is known about the cardiotoxicity of MTT, emphasizing MTTs that target tyrosine kinases. We have tried to provide both the bas... Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5400250 Thu, 17 Feb 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5400250 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5313992&cid=s_35486_6_f&fid=35486&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.croh-online.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1040842811000187%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide and more than 1 million people annually die in consequence of lung cancer. Although an improvement in lung cancer treatment could be achieved, especially in the last decade, the development of additional therapeutic strategies is urgently required in order to provide improved survival benefit for patients. Lung cancer formation is caused by genetic modifications commonly caused by tobacco smoking. Numerous studies have demonstrated the role of extracellular growth factors in lung cancer cell proliferation, metastasis, and chemoresistance. Mutations and amplifications in molecules related to receptor tyrosine signalling, such as EGFR, ErbB2, c-Met, c-Kit, VEGFR, PI3K, and PTEN are only some of the alterations k... Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5313992 Mon, 14 Feb 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5313992 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5400249&cid=s_35486_6_f&fid=35486&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.croh-online.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1040842811000059%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Oxidative stress leads to lipid, carbohydrate, protein and DNA damage in biological systems and affects cell structure and function. Breast cancer cells are subjected to a high level of oxidative stress, both intracellular and extracellular. To survive, cancer cells must acquire adaptive mechanisms that counteract the toxic effects of free radicals exposure. These mechanisms may involve the activation of redox-sensitive transcription factors, increased expression of antioxidant enzymes and antiapoptotic proteins. Moreover, recent data maintain that different breast cancer cell types, show different intracellular antioxidant capacities that may determine their ability to resist radio and chemotherapy. The resistant cell type has been shown to correspond with tumor initiating cells... Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5400249 Wed, 02 Feb 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5400249 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5524217&cid=s_35486_6_f&fid=35486&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.croh-online.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1040842811000035%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Inhibitor development represents currently the most serious and challenging complication of clotting factor replacement therapy. A number of studies have analyzed the impact of the type of factor VIII (FVIII) replacement therapy (plasma-derived versus recombinant concentrates) on inhibitor development in hemophilia A patients with conflicting results. In order to shed light on this controversial issue, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis on the published prospective studies evaluating the incidence rate of inhibitors in previously untreated patients (PUPs) with severe hemophilia A. Data from a total of 800 patients enrolled in 25 prospective studies published between 1990 and 2007 were included in this review. The quality of the studies was evaluated using two diff... Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5524217 Mon, 31 Jan 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5524217 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5313996&cid=s_35486_6_f&fid=35486&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.croh-online.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1040842810002842%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Discussion and conclusions: Follow-up timing seems to be the major factor influencing the wide range of incidence of bladder dysfunction. Urodynamic data could help physicians to formulate appropriate evaluation and treatment for patients having urge incontinence (UI) after RH. (Source: Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology) Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5313996 Mon, 31 Jan 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5313996 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4406560&cid=s_35486_6_f&fid=35486&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.croh-online.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1040842811000084%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes (Source: Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology) Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4406560 Fri, 28 Jan 2011 14:29:11 +0100 4406560 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5400251&cid=s_35486_6_f&fid=35486&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.croh-online.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1040842810002854%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Conclusion: Until large clinical trials clearly point out one strategy as the best predictive one for trastuzumab response, the choice for a testing strategy will probably be based on local preferences which consider both practical and economic issues. Standardization, proper internal and external quality control assessment, laboratory accreditation and automation of tissue processing (autostainers) and interpretation methods (image analysis) will play an increasingly important role in HER2 testing. (Source: Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology) Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5400251 Fri, 28 Jan 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5400251 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5097170&cid=s_35486_6_f&fid=35486&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.croh-online.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1040842810002830%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Summary: Lymphoblastic lymphoma (LBL) is a neoplasm of immature B cells committed to the B-(B-LBL) or T-cell lineage (T-LBL) that accounts for approximately 2% of all lymphomas. From a histopathological point of view, blasts may be encountered in tissue biopsy and/or bone marrow (BM). In tissue sections, LBL is generally characterized by a diffuse or, as in lymph nodes and less commonly, paracortical pattern. Although histological features are usually sufficient to distinguish lymphoblastic from mature B- or T-cell neoplasms, a differential diagnosis with blastoid variant of mantle cell lymphoma, Burkitt lymphoma or myeloid leukemia may arise in some cases. Of greater importance is the characterization of immunophenotype by flow cytometry. In B-LBL, tumour cells are virtually always positi... Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5097170 Thu, 27 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 5097170 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5524213&cid=s_35486_6_f&fid=35486&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.croh-online.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1040842810002866%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Despite recent improvements in surgical techniques and chemotherapy treatments, locally advanced/metastatic gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) and gastric cancer (GC) are still associated with poor clinical outcome. However, increased understanding of molecular mechanisms underlying carcinogenesis and its implementation in the treatment of breast, colon, lung, and other cancers in recent years have spurred focus on the development and incorporation of targeted agents in current therapeutic options for this difficult-to-treat disease. Such agents have the ability to target a variety of cancer relevant targets, including epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and its receptor. In this review, we describe the current status of targeted the... Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5524213 Fri, 21 Jan 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5524213 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5313988&cid=s_35486_6_f&fid=35486&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.croh-online.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1040842810002817%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Toll-like receptors are critical structures in sensing the invading pathogens via conserved moieties termed pathogen associated molecular patterns and in directing the innate and adaptive immune responses. Studies have shown that Toll-like receptors are not limited to normal immune cells but are expressed on tumour cells as well, including those of lymphoid neoplasms particularly B-cell malignancies, multiple myeloma and chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Neoplastic plasma cells in multiple myeloma usually show a different pattern of Toll-like receptor expression compared to normal B cells. These receptors on multiple myeloma cells, have been indicated to have a role in their proliferation, differentiation and survival, probably through induction of autocrine IL-6 secretion, and in th... Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5313988 Fri, 14 Jan 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5313988 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5400256&cid=s_35486_6_f&fid=35486&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.croh-online.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1040842810002829%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Breakthrough cancer pain (BTcP) has been defined as a transitory increase in pain intensity on a baseline pain of moderate intensity in patients on analgesic treatment regularly administered. This review provides updated information about the use of opioids for the treatment of BTcP, with special emphasis on the use of new rapid onset opioids (ROOs).Due to its slow onset to effect oral opioids cannot be considered an efficacious treatment for BTcP. Parenteral opioids may provide rapid onset of analgesia, but not always available particularly at home. Different technologies have been developed to provide fast pain relief with potent opioid drugs such fentanyl, delivered by non-invasive routes. Transmucosal administration of lipophilic substances has gained a growing popularity in ... Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5400256 Mon, 10 Jan 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5400256 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5260242&cid=s_35486_6_f&fid=35486&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.croh-online.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1040842810002404%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Conclusions: Current data support a modular concept of cancer cachexia with a variable combination of reduced nutritional intake and catabolic/hyper-metabolic changes. The heterogeneity in the literature revealed by this review underlines the importance of an agreed definition and classification of cancer cachexia. (Source: Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology) Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5260242 Mon, 10 Jan 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5260242 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4295329&cid=s_35486_6_f&fid=35486&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.croh-online.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1040842810002714%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes (Source: Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology) Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4295329 Wed, 29 Dec 2010 22:48:14 +0100 4295329 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5260239&cid=s_35486_6_f&fid=35486&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.croh-online.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1040842810002167%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Though the expected overall survival (OS) for mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) has doubled in the last 30 years it is still in the range of only 4–5 years. Despite high response rates with current first-line treatments, most patients eventually relapse and become typically chemoresistant, leading to very poor outcome in the relapsed setting. Here, we summarize the clinical characteristics of MCL and frontline strategies used in MCL, and review a number of novel options that are currently being investigated in an effort to extend survival outcomes for this difficult-to-treat patient population. Among these novel options figure cytotoxics (bendamustine, cladribine), new biologicals/small molecules such as proteasome inhibitors (bortezomib 1st drug approved in the USA for MCL), mTOR inh... Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5260239 Mon, 20 Dec 2010 05:00:00 +0100 5260239 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5313991&cid=s_35486_6_f&fid=35486&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.croh-online.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1040842810002660%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Lynch syndrome (LS) is caused by a germline mutation in one of the mismatch repair (MMR) genes. The resulting loss of MMR gene function induces a strong mutator phenotype and predisposition to colorectal cancer (CRC). LS mutation carriers undergo regular colonoscopic surveillance and have extensive colonic resection in case of cancer because of the chance of metachronous tumors. Given the high risk and early onset of CRC, LS mutation carriers are good candidates for chemoprevention. Furthermore, evidence increases indicating that the response of MMR-deficient tumors to standard chemotherapy and radiotherapy differs from that of MMR-proficient tumors. Efforts should thus be directed at designing tailored strategies concerning both chemoprevention and medical cancer treatment for L... Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5313991 Thu, 16 Dec 2010 05:00:00 +0100 5313991 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5260241&cid=s_35486_6_f&fid=35486&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.croh-online.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1040842810002428%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) is a common, often incurable low-grade-B lymphoproliferative disorder. For many years, chlorambucil alone or with steroids has been the drug of choice in treatment-naive patients. Purine nucleoside analogues (PNAs) and, more recently, monoclonal antibodies (i.e. rituximab, alemtuzumab), have increased the potential for obtaining complete or even molecular remissions. Despite these advances, recurrent and/or relapsing disease remains a major concern. In this respect, new clinical and biological agents have recently been identified, which may allow a better selection for high-risk patients, who could be offered more aggressive therapies including haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Although autologous transplant does not appear to pr... Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5260241 Mon, 13 Dec 2010 05:00:00 +0100 5260241 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5097167&cid=s_35486_6_f&fid=35486&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.croh-online.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1040842810002192%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: The relatively recent introduction of CyberKnife® in the field of radiotherapy has prompted the question of accessibility and usefulness of this technique for seniors. From June 2007 to June 2009, we treated 345 patients of all ages with CyberKnife as part of a single-center study. Median age was 61 years (range, 8–86 years). Ninety-eight patients were over 70 and 17 were older than 80. The treatment could not be completed with 2% (2/98) patients over 70 vs. 3.6% (9/247) among the younger (ns). Physiologic or psychologic problems in maintaining position for a long time were not more frequent among those over 70. The same was true with those over 80. Patients over 70 years old are able to tolerate CyberKnife treatment as efficiently as their younger counterparts. Elderly patien... Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5097167 Mon, 13 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100 5097167 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5313986&cid=s_35486_6_f&fid=35486&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.croh-online.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1040842810002611%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: The control of gene expression by microRNAs influences many cellular processes and has been implicated in the control of many (patho)physiological states. Recently, microRNAs have been detected in serum and plasma, and circulating microRNA profiles have now been associated with a range of different tumour types, diseases such as stroke and heart disease, as well as altered physiological states such as pregnancy. Here we review the disease-specific profiles of circulating microRNAs, and the methodologies used for their detection and quantification. We also discuss possible functions of circulating microRNAs and their potential as non-invasive biomarkers. (Source: Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology) Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5313986 Thu, 09 Dec 2010 05:00:00 +0100 5313986 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5313985&cid=s_35486_6_f&fid=35486&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.croh-online.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1040842810002623%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: FIGO stage, tumor grade, depth of myometrial invasion, lymph-vascular space status and lymph node status are the most important clinical-pathological prognostic variables for endometrioid-type endometrial carcinoma. In the last years, several investigations have assessed different biological variables in tissue and serum samples from patients with this malignancy in order to detect biomarkers able to predict the clinical outcome.The present paper reviewed the literature data about the prognostic relevance of mutational status and/or immunohistochemical expression of p53, PTEN, PIK3, mTOR, β-catenin, k-ras and RASSF1A, microsatellite instability, vascular endothelial growth factor expression, DNA aneuploidy, and serum assay of CA125 and other tumor associated antigens. Tissue and... Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5313985 Mon, 06 Dec 2010 05:00:00 +0100 5313985 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4903861&cid=s_35486_6_f&fid=35486&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.croh-online.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1040842810001770%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Among all the childhood central nervous system tumours, medulloblastoma and other neuroectodermal tumours account for 16–25% of cases. The causative factors of medulloblastoma/PNET have not been well established. It is more frequent in boys than in girl and in children than in adults. There was a significant improvement of survival for children diagnosed in 2000–2002 compared to those diagnosed in 1995–1999. The risk of dying was reduced by 30%. Patients are generally divided into risk-stratified schemes on the basis of age, the extent of residual disease, and dissemination. Sixty to 70% of patients older than 3 years are assigned to the average-risk group. High-risk patients include those in the disseminated category, and in North American trials those that have less than ... Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4903861 Mon, 06 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4903861 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5400248&cid=s_35486_6_f&fid=35486&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.croh-online.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1040842810002635%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Cytogenetic abnormalities are found in 50–60% of newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia (AML) of adult patients. Cytogenetic analysis of bone marrow leukemic cells is an important pre-treatment evaluation for a correct prognostic stratification of patients, that permit to separate AML patients in three broad prognostic categories: high, intermediate and low risk. The determination of cytogenetic features of AML remains a corner stone in predicting outcome although today its use needs to be integrated by molecular and immunophenotypic data, particularly in cytogenetically normal (CN) group of patients.In this review we perform a concise description of more recurrent cytogenetic aberrations found in AML, theirs correlations with biological and clinical data and theirs strong impa... Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5400248 Thu, 02 Dec 2010 05:00:00 +0100 5400248 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5260234&cid=s_35486_6_f&fid=35486&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.croh-online.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1040842810002441%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Blockade of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) by monoclonal antibodies is a strategy to improve outcome in patients with non-small cell lung cancer. Cetuximab, a chimeric anti-EGFR monoclonal antibody, has been studied in combination with different chemotherapy protocols in both phase II and phase III trials in patients with advanced NSCLC. In the phase III FLEX trial, cetuximab added to cisplatin/vinorelbine resulted in an absolute overall survival benefit of 1.2 months compared to the same chemotherapy alone in patients with advanced EGFR-expressing NSCLC. In the second phase III trial, cetuximab added to carboplatin plus paclitaxed failed to improve progression-free survival but suggested a survival benefit similar to that seen in the FLEX trial. However, the benefit... Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5260234 Thu, 25 Nov 2010 05:00:00 +0100 5260234 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5260236&cid=s_35486_6_f&fid=35486&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.croh-online.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1040842810002453%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: There had been no standard chemotherapy established for advanced biliary tract cancer (BTC) until 2009, when the combination of cisplatin and gemcitabine (GC) was adopted as a first line standard chemotherapy option based on the results from two randomized studies: ABC-02, a UK investigator-initiated trial and the largest randomized phase III study in this tumor type with 410 patients; and BT22, a Japanese, industry-sponsored, randomized phase II study with 83 patients. In this review, investigators from both studies collaborated to compare protocols, patient characteristics, and outcomes of both studies including sub-analyses of study results. Although both studies showed GC combination therapy to be more effective than monotherapy, a detailed comparison revealed disparities bet... Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5260236 Mon, 22 Nov 2010 05:00:00 +0100 5260236 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5260243&cid=s_35486_6_f&fid=35486&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.croh-online.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1040842810002465%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: A randomized pre- and post-test control group design was conducted in 12 oncology wards to investigate the effectiveness of an intervention, existing of a communication skills training with web-enabled video feedback and a Question Prompt Sheet (QPS), which aimed to improve patient education to older cancer patients (≥65 years). The effects were studied by analyzing questionnaires and video recordings of patient education sessions preceding chemotherapy with 210 different patients.Patients’ recall of information was the primary outcome of the study. Recall was checked against the actual communication in the video-recordings. Moreover, communication skills were assessed by observing the extent to which nurses implemented 67 communication aspects, categorized in seven dimension... Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5260243 Mon, 15 Nov 2010 05:00:00 +0100 5260243 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4152623&cid=s_35486_6_f&fid=35486&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.croh-online.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1040842810002490%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes (Source: Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology) Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4152623 Thu, 11 Nov 2010 01:44:52 +0100 4152623 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5260237&cid=s_35486_6_f&fid=35486&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.croh-online.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1040842810002416%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: The liver is the primary site of metastases for many malignancies. Gastrointestinal cancers are especially prone to spread to the liver and other tumours, as breast cancer and melanoma often spread to the liver. On the other hand, hepatocellular cancer (HCC) is the fifth most common malignancy in the world due to its common etiology from chronic liver damage caused by hepatitis or cirrhosis. Treatments of liver tumours vary according to histology and liver invasion and until now trans-arterial chemoembolization (TACE) has represented a main approach in the therapy of liver tumours. This review takes into consideration: (i) the background to utilizing TACE in liver tumours; (ii) TACE methods and the biological rationale for utilizing chemotherapeutic agents coated to a new micro-p... Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5260237 Wed, 10 Nov 2010 05:00:00 +0100 5260237 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5313990&cid=s_35486_6_f&fid=35486&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.croh-online.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS104084281000243X%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: We propose a literature review of available data on angiosarcoma (AS). AS account for 1% of adult soft tissue sarcoma. Two risk factors are well-establish chronic lymhoedema, previous radiotherapy. Clinical presentations of AS are heterogeneous. Large resection followed, if possible, by adjuvant radiotherapy is the cornerstone of curative intent treatment of localized forms. There are no convincing data supporting the administration of adjuvant chemotherapy. For metastatic or locally advanced AS, doxorubicin and weekly paclitaxel seem to provide the longer progression-free survival. Three phase II or parts of phase II trials have been published in the last 2 years, investigating weekly paclitaxel, sorafenib and imatinib, demonstrating that clinical trials are feasible for such ra... Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5313990 Tue, 09 Nov 2010 05:00:00 +0100 5313990 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5313989&cid=s_35486_6_f&fid=35486&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.croh-online.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1040842810002234%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: The cooperation of two classes of mutations in hematopoietic cells is hypothesized in a multistep pathogenesis model of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Class I mutations confer a proliferative and/or survival advantage, whereas Class II mutations block hematopoietic differentiation and impair apoptosis in AML cells. In addition to these two classes of mutations, a relevant role for angiogenesis in the pathophysiology of AML has been recently proposed. The recognition that the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) pathway is a key regulator of angiogenesis has led to the development of several VEGF-targeted approaches. These include neutralizing antibodies, VEGF traps or selective tyrosine kinase inhibitors for VEGFRs. Other drugs that indirectly affect VEGF pathway, such as sta... Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5313989 Mon, 01 Nov 2010 04:00:00 +0100 5313989 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5260245&cid=s_35486_6_f&fid=35486&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.croh-online.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1040842810002386%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Data on chemotherapy for elderly patients with metastatic breast carcinoma (MBC) are limited. We performed a 7-year retrospective analysis of MBC patients at our institution receiving first-line chemotherapy aged ≥75 years. Of 117 patients, 103 received monotherapy (67 capecitabine, 29 vinorelbine, 5 docetaxel, 2 liposomal doxorubicin) and 14 received polychemotherapy (12 anthracycline-based, 2 vinorelbine–gemcitabine). Chemotherapy demonstrated acceptable tolerability. Median progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) from initiation of chemotherapy were 6.2 months and 13.8 months, respectively. At 2 years, 25% of patients were alive; however, 25% died within 3 months of beginning chemotherapy. Independent prognostic factors for longer PFS were good performanc... Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5260245 Mon, 01 Nov 2010 04:00:00 +0100 5260245 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5260240&cid=s_35486_6_f&fid=35486&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.croh-online.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1040842810002210%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Waldenström's macroglobulinemia (WM) is defined as a B-cell lymphoproliferative disorder characterized by lymphoplasmacytic infiltration of the bone marrow associated with a monoclonal IgM component in the serum. Its clinical presentation is marked by diffuse clonal cell expansion, as well as by the physical and chemical properties of the monoclonal component, its autoantibody activity and possible tissue deposition. Initiation of treatment is not determined by the monoclonal IgM level, nor the extent of bone marrow infiltration, but confined to symptomatic patients. Their median overall survival ranges from 5 to 10 years. Poor outcome predictors include advanced age, low hemoglobin levels, low platelet count, high β2-microglobulin and high concentration of the serum monoclonal... Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5260240 Mon, 01 Nov 2010 04:00:00 +0100 5260240 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5260244&cid=s_35486_6_f&fid=35486&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.croh-online.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1040842810002398%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Conclusion: This study demonstrates the feasibility of an adjuvant chemotherapy regimen combining nonpegylated liposomal doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide in fit elderly women (Source: Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology) Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5260244 Fri, 29 Oct 2010 04:00:00 +0100 5260244 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5260235&cid=s_35486_6_f&fid=35486&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.croh-online.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1040842810002246%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes This article describes the recent advances in radiological imaging of malignant neoplasms of the mesenteric small bowel and provides an outline of new trends and perspectives that can be anticipated. The introduction of multidetector row technology, which allows the acquisition of submillimeter and isotropic voxels, has dramatically improved the capabilities of computed tomography in the investigation of the mesenteric small bowel. This technology combined with optimal filling of small bowel loops through the use of appropriate enteral contrast agents has markedly changed small bowel imaging. Computed tomography–enteroclysis, which is based on direct infusion of enteral contrast agent into the mesenteric small bowel through a naso-jejunal tube, provides optimal luminal distension. By con... Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5260235 Fri, 29 Oct 2010 04:00:00 +0100 5260235 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5097159&cid=s_35486_6_f&fid=35486&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.croh-online.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1040842810001988%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Resection of colorectal liver metastases (CLM) is the ultimate aim of treatment strategies in most patients with liver-confined metastatic colorectal cancer. Long-term survival is possible in selected patients with initially resectable or unresectable CLM. As a majority of patients have unresectable liver disease at the outset, there is a clear role for chemotherapy to downstage liver disease making resection possible. Studies of systemic chemotherapy with or without biologic therapy in patients with unresectable CLM have resulted in increased response rates, liver resection rates and survival. A sound physiologic rationale exists for the use of hepatic arterial infusion (HAI) therapy. Studies have shown that HAI with floxuridine combined with systemic chemotherapy increases resp... Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5097159 Sun, 24 Oct 2010 23:00:00 +0100 5097159 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4078249&cid=s_35486_6_f&fid=35486&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.croh-online.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1040842810002271%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes (Source: Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology) Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4078249 Tue, 19 Oct 2010 11:40:45 +0100 4078249 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5097166&cid=s_35486_6_f&fid=35486&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.croh-online.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1040842810002015%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Elderly patients represent a heterogeneous population in which decisions on cancer treatment are often difficult. The present study aims to report a 2-year period of the activity of geriatric assessment consultations and the impact on treatment decisions. Since January 2007, we have systematically carried out geriatric consultations, using well-known international scales, for elderly patients in whom treatment decisions appear complex to oncologists.From January 2007 to November 2008, 161 patients (57 men, 104 women; median age 82.4 years, range 73–97) were seen at geriatric consultations. Most of the patients (134/161) were undergoing first-line treatment and cancer was metastatic in 86 patients (53%). Geriatric assessment found severe comorbidities (grade 3 or 4 in CIRS-G sca... Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5097166 Sun, 03 Oct 2010 23:00:00 +0100 5097166 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5260238&cid=s_35486_6_f&fid=35486&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.croh-online.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1040842810002027%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most frequent and aggressive malignant glioma (MG), with a median survival time of 12–15 months, despite current best treatment based on surgery, radiotherapy and systemic chemotherapy. Many potentially active therapeutic agents are not effective by systemic administration, because they are unable to cross the blood–brain barrier (BBB). As intracerebral administration bypasses the BBB, it increases the number of drugs that can be successfully delivered to the brain, with the possibility of minor systemic toxicity and better effectiveness. This review summarizes the results of the extensive clinical research conducted on intracerebral therapy. Biodegradable drug carriers, implantable subcutaneous reservoirs and convection-enhanced delivery ... Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5260238 Fri, 01 Oct 2010 04:00:00 +0100 5260238 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5097156&cid=s_35486_6_f&fid=35486&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.croh-online.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1040842810001824%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Membrane vesicles are membrane-covered cell fragments generated by all cell types. They comprise a recently recognized new system of intercellular communication, believed to play a pivotal role in information transfer between cells, as they display a large number of biomolecules enclosed within the membrane as well as in the membrane proper. The phenotype of the donor cell is reflected in the vesicular protein content, which also allows the identification of the original cell. Membrane vesicles have been implicated in several physiological and pathological processes, most notably in tumorigenesis. Tumor-derived vesicles may serve as prognostic markers, they were detected in blood plasma and in other body fluids. Their size varies between 30 and 1000nm. All of them reflect the spe... Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5097156 Wed, 29 Sep 2010 23:00:00 +0100 5097156 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5097163&cid=s_35486_6_f&fid=35486&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.croh-online.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS104084281000199X%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Sinonasal carcinomas are rare tumors with an aggressive clinical behaviour which frequently pose a number of problems regarding the interpretation of diagnostic findings and the treatment. In addition, in comparison with other malignancies of the head and neck region, an elevated fraction of sinonasal carcinomas can be attributed to occupational exposure. This review is focused on the recent advances in the molecular and phenotypic characterization of sinonasal carcinomas, and their possible implications for the interpretation of epidemiological data, as well as for the diagnosis and treatment of these rare malignancies. The increasing knowledge on their phenotypic and genotypic features is progressively leading to a refinement in diagnosis, especially for poorly differentiated a... Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5097163 Mon, 27 Sep 2010 23:00:00 +0100 5097163 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5020178&cid=s_35486_6_f&fid=35486&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.croh-online.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1040842810001848%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Several bisphosphonates including zoledronic acid (ZOL) are approved for treating bone metastases from breast cancer (BC). Recent trials demonstrated that ZOL prevents bone loss and reduces disease recurrence in early BC. This review uses pharmacodynamic, efficacy, and safety data from phase III trials of ZOL in early through metastatic BC to evaluate the dosing regimens used in each setting. The dosing frequencies of ZOL in early stage versus metastatic BC (4mg 2–4 times per year versus monthly) are based on the respective levels of bone resorption and tumor burden. Data from ongoing clinical trials suggest that monthly dosing facilitates potential synergy between ZOL and chemotherapy in intermediate-risk BC and during neoadjuvant therapy. Overall, available data indicate that... Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5020178 Thu, 16 Sep 2010 23:00:00 +0100 5020178 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3970146&cid=s_35486_6_f&fid=35486&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.croh-online.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1040842810002052%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes (Source: Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology) Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3970146 Thu, 16 Sep 2010 05:19:14 +0100 3970146 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5097164&cid=s_35486_6_f&fid=35486&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.croh-online.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1040842810001800%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Systemic treatment represents the cornerstone of endometrial cancer management in advanced, relapsed and metastatic disease, which is still characterized by poor prognosis. Progestins remain an effective option for patients with low grade, estrogen and/or progesterone receptor positive disease, with some of them achieving prolonged survival. Platinum compounds, anthracyclines and more recently taxanes have been implemented in combination regimens achieving response rates more than 50% and resulting in overall survival above 1 year in randomized trials. Adjuvant chemotherapy with the same agents may be useful for patients with early stage disease and high-risk features, such as high grade or non-endometrioid histology. Combination of chemotherapeutic agents with radiotherapy remai... Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5097164 Mon, 13 Sep 2010 23:00:00 +0100 5097164 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4903857&cid=s_35486_6_f&fid=35486&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.croh-online.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1040842810001691%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Cisplatin-based combinations can potentially improve response rates in patients with cervical cancer, but unacceptable toxicity must be avoided. Quality of life (QoL) measures are increasingly used to assess the benefits versus limitations of chemotherapy regimens. A MEDLINE search of English language publications from January 2000 to December 2008 was conducted using the search terms: ‘quality of life’ OR ‘QoL’ OR ‘HRQoL’ AND ‘cervical cancer’. Abstracts from the Association of Clinical Oncology meeting, 2008, were also searched. Article inclusion was based on abstract content. Several cervical cancer therapies have shown response rate improvements in combination with cisplatin, including topotecan and paclitaxel. However, only topotecan/cisplatin demonstrates a ... Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4903857 Tue, 31 Aug 2010 23:00:00 +0100 4903857 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5020172&cid=s_35486_6_f&fid=35486&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.croh-online.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1040842810001769%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Umbilical cord blood (UCB) is a source of primitive hematopoietic stem (HSC) and progenitor cells, that served as an alternative to bone marrow (BM) for effective transplantation therapy. Success of HSC transplantation (HSCT) is limited in part by graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), graft rejection and delayed immune reconstitution, which all relate to immunological complications. GVHD after UCB transplantation is lower compared to that of BM HSCT. This may relate to the tolerogenic nature of T cells, mononuclear cells (MNCs) and especially immune regulatory cells existing in UCB. UCB contains limiting numbers of HSC or CD34+ cell dose for adult patients resulting in delayed engraftment after UCB transplantation (UCBT). This needs to be improved for optimal transplantation outcomes... Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5020172 Thu, 19 Aug 2010 23:00:00 +0100 5020172 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5020171&cid=s_35486_6_f&fid=35486&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.croh-online.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1040842810001757%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Tumor growth and metastasis are dependent on angiogenesis. Inhibiting angiogenesis has therapeutic potentials for treating cancer. Researchers have identified many of the pathways involved in angiogenesis and proposed selective targeted strategies. A high probability of benefit is desirable to justify the choice of anti-angiogenic therapy from an ever-expanding list of expensive new anticancer agents. However, biomarkers of response to anti-angiogenic agents are inconclusive for predicting benefit from these drugs. This paper reviews the most important biomarker of angiogenesis, namely VEGF, in relation to its expression in cancer and the treatment of these cancers through targeting VEGF and its pathways. (Source: Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology) Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5020171 Wed, 18 Aug 2010 23:00:00 +0100 5020171 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5097157&cid=s_35486_6_f&fid=35486&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.croh-online.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1040842810001794%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Colorectal cancer (CRC) treatment has evolved significantly over the last ten years with the use of active chemotherapeutic agents including fluoropyrimidines, oxaliplatin and irinotecan plus targeted monoclonal antibodies bevacizumab, cetuximab and panitumumab. The addition of newer chemotherapeutic agents and targeted therapies has improved patient outcomes at the cost of increased toxicity with not all patients benefiting from these treatments. It is necessary for clinicians to more accurately predict clinical outcomes particularly in the predominantly elderly CRC patient population. This review aims to summarise existing data regarding the use of clinical and laboratory variables plus molecular markers in predicting response, survival and toxicity to chemotherapy agents and t... Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5097157 Tue, 17 Aug 2010 23:00:00 +0100 5097157 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5020177&cid=s_35486_6_f&fid=35486&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.croh-online.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1040842810001861%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Conclusions: Understanding the mechanisms of TRHBD more comprehensively is helpful in developing effective methods for prevention and treatment. (Source: Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology) Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5020177 Tue, 17 Aug 2010 23:00:00 +0100 5020177 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5020181&cid=s_35486_6_f&fid=35486&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.croh-online.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1040842810001447%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Introduction: Comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA) gives useful information on the functional status of older cancer patients. However, its meaning for a proper selection of elderly patients before chemotherapy and, even more important, the influence of chemotherapy on the outcome of geriatric assessment is unknown.Methods: 202 cancer patients, for whom an indication for chemotherapy was made by the medical oncologist, underwent a GA before start of chemotherapy by Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA), Informant Questionnaire on Cognitive Decline in the Elderly (IQCODE), Groningen Frailty Index (GFI) and Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE). After completion of a minimum of four cycles of chemotherapy or at 6 months after the start of chemotherapy the GFI and MMSE assessment was... Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5020181 Sun, 15 Aug 2010 23:00:00 +0100 5020181 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5020176&cid=s_35486_6_f&fid=35486&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.croh-online.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1040842810001733%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Chemokines are small cytokines, characterised by their ability to induce directional migration of cells by binding to chemokine receptors. They are known to play a role in tumour development, angiogenesis and metastasis. Interestingly, the chemokine network also contributes to the progression of gliomas, mainly by intensifying their characteristic invasive character. The main hurdle in treatment of these tumours is their infiltration of surrounding tissues, hampering complete surgical tumour removal. Standard postsurgical treatment with radio- and chemotherapy is of limited effect. Therefore drugs that target the chemokine system in high grade gliomas might fill the gap existing in the current approach.This review presents the current knowledge of the role of chemokine network in... Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5020176 Sun, 15 Aug 2010 23:00:00 +0100 5020176 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5020175&cid=s_35486_6_f&fid=35486&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.croh-online.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1040842810001836%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Malignant ascites is defined as a condition in which fluid containing cancer cells accumulates in the abdomen. The cancers most commonly associated to ascites are ovarian (37%), pancreato-biliary (21%), gastric (18%), oesophageal (4%), colorectal (4%), and breast (3%). Treatment of malignant ascites remains a challenge. In the majority of patients systemic chemotherapy is ineffective and diuretics and paracentesis are still the only approaches, but new promising option are appearing, as cytoreductive debulking surgery and intraperitoneal (IP) or intravenous biological (target) therapies. More promising, after the recognition of potential epithelial targets as Epithelial Cell Adhesion Molecule (EpCAM), are the trifunctional antibodies able to bind these cell adhesion molecules and... Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5020175 Sun, 15 Aug 2010 23:00:00 +0100 5020175 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5020179&cid=s_35486_6_f&fid=35486&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.croh-online.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1040842810001782%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Aging is manifest in a variety of changes over time, including changes at the cellular level. Cellular aging acts primarily as a tumor suppressor mechanism, but also may enhance cancer development under certain circumstances. One important process of cellular aging is oncogene-induced senescence, which acts as a significant anti-cancer mechanism. Cellular senescence resulting from damage caused by activated oncogenes prevents the growth of potentially neoplastic cells. Moreover, cells that have entered senescence appear to be targets for elimination by the innate immune system. In another aspect of cellular aging, the absence of telomerase activity in normal tissues results in such cells lacking a telomere maintenance mechanism. One consequence is that in aging there is an increa... Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5020179 Wed, 11 Aug 2010 23:00:00 +0100 5020179 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3970148&cid=s_35486_6_f&fid=35486&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.croh-online.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1040842809002613%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Angiogenesis is considered one of the key mechanisms of tumour growth and survival. Therefore it represents an ideal pharmaceutical target. Many antiangiogenic agents have been developed so far in several solid tumours and also in breast cancer. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEFG) is the main target and both monoclonal antibodies and small molecules belonging to the tyrosine kinase inhibitors directed against VEGF(R) have been developed. Some other therapeutic approaches have shown to exert some antiangiogenic activity, such as hormonal agents, metronomic chemotherapy, bisphosphonates and others.In this paper we provide an introduction of the current data supporting the angiogenesis in breast cancer and a review of the most relevant antiagiogenic therapies which have been i... Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3970148 Wed, 11 Aug 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3970148 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5097169&cid=s_35486_6_f&fid=35486&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.croh-online.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1040842810001745%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Peripheral T-cell lymphoma, not otherwise specified (PTCL-NOS) does correspond to a heterogeneous group of nodal and extranodal mature T-cell lymphomas, with a low prevalence in Western countries. PTCL-NOS accounts for about 25% of all PTCL, which represent over 15% of all lymphomas. In the lymph node, PTCL-NOS shows paracortical or diffuse infiltrates with effacement of the normal architecture, with a broad cytological spectrum and a frequently observed inflammatory background. Some morphological variants include: lymphoepithelioid or Lennert's type, T-zone, and follicular. PTCL-NOS is characterized by an aberrant T-cell phenotype, with frequent loss of CD5 and CD7. A CD4+/CD8− phenotype predominates in nodal cases. CD4/CD8 +/+ or −/− is at times seen, as is CD8, CD56 and ... Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5097169 Tue, 10 Aug 2010 23:00:00 +0100 5097169 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3846131&cid=s_35486_6_f&fid=35486&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.croh-online.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1040842810001897%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes (Source: Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology) Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3846131 Tue, 10 Aug 2010 06:24:18 +0100 3846131 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5020173&cid=s_35486_6_f&fid=35486&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.croh-online.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1040842810001721%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Central Nervous System (CNS) involvement in lymphoma can occur whether at diagnosis or, more often, at the progression or recurrence of disease and the most frequent clinical manifestation is lymphomatous meningitis (LM). The first risk factor for LM development is the histotype, with the highest incidence for highly aggressive non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHL) such as Burkitt's lymphoma (BL) and lymphoblastic lymphoma/acute lymphoblastic leukemia (LBL/ALL) and the lowest for indolent NHL. LM prophylaxis in aggressive NHL (other than BL and LBL/ALL) is a much debated question, because the identification of specific risk factors remains controversial. Moreover, there is not a consensus if the LM prophylaxis should consist of systemic chemotherapy (CT), intrathecal (i.t.) CT or both. I... Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5020173 Sun, 08 Aug 2010 23:00:00 +0100 5020173 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5020174&cid=s_35486_6_f&fid=35486&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.croh-online.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1040842810001708%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) have dramatically changed the management and the outcome of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) patients. Imatinib is recognized as gold standard first-line therapy and impressive clinical and cytogenetic responses are obtained in the majority of chronic phase patients treated with this drug.Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RQ-PCR) tool is used to monitor molecular residual disease, but practical issues are associated to measurement of molecular responses. Several evidences have now proved that molecular responses have prognostic significance: patients who achieve early molecular response are more likely to obtain durable cytogenetic response and to present less rate of disease progression. While some reports indicated that achieving major molec... Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5020174 Wed, 04 Aug 2010 23:00:00 +0100 5020174 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4903859&cid=s_35486_6_f&fid=35486&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.croh-online.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS104084281000168X%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Elderly cancer patients with normal complete blood cell counts (CBCs) during the first course of (some types of) chemotherapy might be unlikely to experience grade 4 neutropenia during subsequent cycles. In this case, further weekly CBCs might be avoided.We used data of 223 cancer patients aged 70+ who were included in the CRASH (Chemotherapy Risk Assessment Score for High-age patients) trial between 2003 and 2007 in 7 cancer practices in the US. First cycle CBC values were compared to subsequent cycles. MAX2-score was used as a measure for toxicity of the chemotherapy regimen.Sixty-two patients (28%) experienced grade 4 neutropenia during subsequent cycles. Among patients who received chemotherapy with a MAX2-score lower than 0.20, only 4.6% of those without neutropenia during t... Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4903859 Tue, 03 Aug 2010 23:00:00 +0100 4903859 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4903856&cid=s_35486_6_f&fid=35486&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.croh-online.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS104084281000171X%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Ovarian cancer remains the leading cause of gynecological cancer-related mortality in the Western World despite the advances in surgical techniques and chemotherapy regimens over the past three decades. Although response rates and complete responses in advanced disease are >80% and 40–60%, respectively, after first-line treatment with carboplatin and paclitaxel, most of the patients will eventually relapse with a median progression-free survival of 18 months. Currently, research efforts have improved our understanding on the molecular biology of ovarian cancer and novel targeted treatment strategies are likely to contribute to the management of the disease and give the chance to an individualized therapeutic approach. (Source: Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology) Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4903856 Sun, 01 Aug 2010 23:00:00 +0100 4903856 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3787859&cid=s_35486_6_f&fid=35486&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.croh-online.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1040842810001551%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Age is a major risk factor for many cancers. Although this is usually viewed in the context of the cell biology, we argue here that age-associated changes to immunity may also contribute to the age-associated increasing incidence of most cancers. This is because cancers are immunogenic (at least initially), and the immune system can and does protect against tumourigenesis. However, immune competence tends to decrease with age, a phenomenon loosely termed “immunosenescence”, implying that decreased immunosurveillance against cancer could also contribute to increased disease in the elderly. This review weighs some of the evidence for and against this possibility. (Source: Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology) Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3787859 Tue, 27 Jul 2010 05:13:36 +0100 3787859 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3787858&cid=s_35486_6_f&fid=35486&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.croh-online.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS104084281000154X%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes In conclusion, our nonagenarians underwent a broad range of treatments with low treatment related mortality. Advanced cancer still limits the survival of nonagenarians. Second cancers are frequent in older cancer survivors. (Source: Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology) Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3787858 Tue, 27 Jul 2010 05:13:36 +0100 3787858 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3787857&cid=s_35486_6_f&fid=35486&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.croh-online.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1040842810001526%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Conclusions: We found a high prevalence of lower than expected cognitive performance among a sample of patients just starting ADT for prostate cancer. Assessment of baseline cognitive function should be taken into account for future research and to inform clinical management. (Source: Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology) Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3787857 Tue, 27 Jul 2010 05:13:35 +0100 3787857 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3787856&cid=s_35486_6_f&fid=35486&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.croh-online.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1040842810001538%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes (Source: Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology) Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3787856 Tue, 27 Jul 2010 05:13:35 +0100 3787856 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3787850&cid=s_35486_6_f&fid=35486&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.croh-online.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1040842810001587%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes (Source: Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology) Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3787850 Tue, 27 Jul 2010 05:13:34 +0100 3787850 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5097168&cid=s_35486_6_f&fid=35486&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.croh-online.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1040842810001460%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes This study was undertaken to determine the impact of under-treatment of breast cancer in women age 80 and older.Methods: A retrospective chart review of all patients 80 years and older with a newly diagnosed breast cancer at the MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, between September 1, 1989 and September 1, 2004 was performed. Data extracted from charts included patient demographics, comorbidity, treatments recommended, treatments received, complications of therapy, disease recurrence and disease related death. Treatments undertaken were analyzed in the context of accepted therapy at the time of diagnosis.Results: Two hundred twelve patients were identified. The median age was 83.5 years (range 80–97). Overall survival in the entire cohort was 7.28 years with a median follow up of 4 y... Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5097168 Sun, 25 Jul 2010 23:00:00 +0100 5097168 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5020180&cid=s_35486_6_f&fid=35486&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.croh-online.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1040842810001484%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Conclusion(s): Our results suggest that age remains an independent variable associated with a decreased use of adjuvant chemotherapy. However, in our series systemic adjuvant chemotherapy was probably underused in “fit” patients. Further efforts are needed to better integrate CGA into tumor boards proposals for early EBC patients. (Source: Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology) Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5020180 Sun, 25 Jul 2010 23:00:00 +0100 5020180 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4903862&cid=s_35486_6_f&fid=35486&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.croh-online.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1040842810001496%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Enteropathy-associated T-cell lymphoma (EATL) is an intestinal tumour of intraepithelial T lymphocytes, usually presenting as a neoplasm composed of large lymphoid cells and often associated with necrosis and an inflammatory background, including large numbers of histiocytes and eosinophils. Intestinal intraepithelial α–β T-cells have been postulated as the normal-cell counterpart for EATL. EATL is the most common neoplastic complication of coeliac disease. The disease is uncommon in most parts of the world, but is seen with greater frequency in those areas with a high prevalence of coeliac disease, in particular Northern Europe. Usually, EATL occurs in adults, and generally present with abdominal pain, often associated with jejunal perforation, weight loss, diarrhoea, or bow... Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4903862 Sun, 25 Jul 2010 23:00:00 +0100 4903862 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5097165&cid=s_35486_6_f&fid=35486&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.croh-online.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1040842810001514%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) has been generally adopted as an alternative procedure to axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) for node staging. ALND remains the standard management of the axilla when a tumor-positive sentinel lymph node (SLN) is identified. However, further analysis has demonstrated that in 40–70% of cases with metastasis to the axillary lymph nodes, the SLN is the only positive node. Therefore, the traditional recommendation that ALND is always necessary for management of early-stage breast cancer patients with a positive SLN should be re-evaluated. Several nomograms and scoring systems have been developed to calculate the probability of non-SLN involvement on the basis of several clinicopathological variables. However, the actual value of such nomograms o... Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5097165 Wed, 21 Jul 2010 23:00:00 +0100 5097165 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4903855&cid=s_35486_6_f&fid=35486&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.croh-online.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1040842810001472%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: The human mutY homologue (MUTYH) gene is responsible for inheritable polyposis and colorectal cancer. This review discusses the molecular genetic aspects of the MUTYH gene and protein, the clinical impact of mono- and biallelic MUTYH mutations and histological aspects of the MUTYH tumors. Furthermore, the relationship between MUTYH and the mismatch repair genes in colorectal cancer (CRC) families is examined. Finally, the role of other base excision repair genes in polyposis and CRC patients is discussed. (Source: Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology) Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4903855 Wed, 21 Jul 2010 23:00:00 +0100 4903855 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4903860&cid=s_35486_6_f&fid=35486&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.croh-online.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1040842810001459%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Introduction and objectives: We have tested two frailty screening tools (the Barber Questionnaire [BQ] and the Vulnerable Elderly Survey [VES-13]) to select patients who may benefit from Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment (CGA).Materials and methods: We included women ≥65 years old, diagnosed with early breast cancer at the University General Hospital in Elche. We compared impairment in the BQ score (score 0) and impairment in the VES-13 score ( (Source: Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology) Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4903860 Tue, 20 Jul 2010 23:00:00 +0100 4903860 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4295333&cid=s_35486_6_f&fid=35486&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.croh-online.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1040842810001198%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a major cause of cancer-related morbidity and mortality. Molecular imaging using positron emission tomography (PET) is now an integral part of multidisciplinary cancer care. In this review, we discuss the role of PET in CRC including well established indications in the assessment of recurrent disease and emerging applications such as initial staging, monitoring therapy efficacy and using PET for radiotherapy planning. With rapid advancement in imaging technology, we also discuss the future potential of combining PET and magnetic resonance imaging and the use of novel radiotracers. (Source: Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology) Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4295333 Mon, 12 Jul 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4295333 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4805598&cid=s_35486_6_f&fid=35486&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.croh-online.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1040842810001435%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Conclusion: Cetuximab plus irinotecan has a favourable safety profile in elderly mCRC patients, but a reduced dose of irinotecan should be considered. Such a combination can be a useful option for elderly KRAS and BRAF wild-type patients. (Source: Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology) Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4805598 Thu, 08 Jul 2010 23:00:00 +0100 4805598 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5020170&cid=s_35486_6_f&fid=35486&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.croh-online.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1040842810001423%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Conclusion: Due to significant variations in practice in the treatment of patients with BC, our group aimed to provide guidelines for clinical practice. The systematic review of the literature formed the basis of our evidence-based recommendations; however expert agreements were necessary on those subjects that are still under debate. Our group will update these guidelines every 4 years, taking in consideration new advances in technology, new drugs administration, biologic tools and innovative therapeutic options. (Source: Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology) Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5020170 Wed, 07 Jul 2010 23:00:00 +0100 5020170 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4805597&cid=s_35486_6_f&fid=35486&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.croh-online.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1040842810001411%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes This article reviews the current literature on the efficacy, cost-effectiveness and toxicity of the currently approved targeted agents in the elderly population. (Source: Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology) Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4805597 Sun, 04 Jul 2010 23:00:00 +0100 4805597 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4805596&cid=s_35486_6_f&fid=35486&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.croh-online.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1040842810001241%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Conclusion: Drug interactions are common in the elderly, but almost half of interactions were moderate. (Source: Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology) Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4805596 Thu, 01 Jul 2010 23:00:00 +0100 4805596 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4685920&cid=s_35486_6_f&fid=35486&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.croh-online.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS104084281000140X%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) represent a heterogeneous group of clonal hematopoietic stem cell disorders that are preferentially diagnosed in the elderly. Aberrant expression of the adhesion receptor CD44 correlates with poor prognosis in various neoplasms. To evaluate the prognostic impact of CD44 in MDS serum levels of soluble CD44 standard (solCD44s) were measured in 130 MDS patients (median age 68 years) using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). solCD44s levels were significantly elevated in MDS patients as compared to those of healthy donors (p688.5ng/ml) correlated significantly with shorter overall survival in MDS patients (12 versus 39 months; p (Source: Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology) Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4685920 Sun, 27 Jun 2010 23:00:00 +0100 4685920 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4805599&cid=s_35486_6_f&fid=35486&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.croh-online.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1040842810001393%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Conclusions: Gemcitabine-based chemotherapy can be an effective treatment, without significant toxicity, in elderly patients. Comorbidity, not age, was prognostic in patients with advanced pancreatic cancer. (Source: Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology) Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4805599 Thu, 24 Jun 2010 23:00:00 +0100 4805599 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3667619&cid=s_35486_6_f&fid=35486&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.croh-online.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1040842810001265%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes (Source: Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology) Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3667619 Fri, 18 Jun 2010 05:14:14 +0100 3667619 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3667618&cid=s_35486_6_f&fid=35486&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.croh-online.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1040842810001290%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes (Source: Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology) Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3667618 Fri, 18 Jun 2010 05:14:14 +0100 3667618 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4805592&cid=s_35486_6_f&fid=35486&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.croh-online.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS104084281000123X%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Understanding the mechanisms of carcinogenesis and progression of gynecological tumors is important as these insights might lead to improved diagnostic tools for the pathologist, improved prediction of prognosis, response to therapy, and eventually better biology-based disease management, thereby improving prognosis and quality of life for the individual patient. Hypoxia is an important event in carcinogenesis because it renders a more aggressive phenotype with increased invasiveness and proliferation, formation of metastases and poorer survival. Although selecting patients with hypoxic tumors may therefore be clinically important, there is no consensus as to the method best suited for routine assessment of hypoxia. One of the potential tumor hypoxia markers is hypoxia inducible ... Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4805592 Sun, 06 Jun 2010 23:00:00 +0100 4805592 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4805595&cid=s_35486_6_f&fid=35486&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.croh-online.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1040842810001253%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Although suicide in cancer patients is a burdening public health problem with ethical, medical and psychiatric implications, it still has to be clarified why cancer patients commit suicide and how cancer suicides differ from others. Therefore, a review of the literature on suicide and suicidal ideation in cancer patients was conducted, starting from an overview of these issues in the general population. Evidence suggests that suicidality in the general population can be explained according to a genetic and psychological vulnerability to stress. The psychological and physical stressors found to be associated with suicide in cancer patients corroborate this model. Nevertheless, based on the well-described immunological disturbances due to cancer, we propose that suicide is not just... Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4805595 Tue, 01 Jun 2010 23:00:00 +0100 4805595 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3667623&cid=s_35486_6_f&fid=35486&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.croh-online.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1040842810001186%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes In this issue of Critical Reviews in Oncology-Hematology, two interesting articles by French authors investigate the perception and dissemination of geriatric oncology. Sifer-Rivière et al. have conducted a sociological study of people's perception of geriatric oncology in the setting of a pilot structure dedicated to geriatric oncology. Kurtz et al. have studied the current concerns and needs of general practitioners (GPs) and cancer specialists (SPs) regarding elderly cancer patient management in a French region (Alsace) where a pilot geriatric oncology structure has been established (in Strasbourg). (Source: Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology) Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3667623 Mon, 31 May 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3667623 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3615363&cid=s_35486_6_f&fid=35486&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.croh-online.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1040842810000946%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes The publisher and author regret that some errors were printed in the above paper as follows: In Table 2, in the column “ORR, %”, the final two numbers are incorrect. These numbers should be replaced by “NR”. (Source: Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology) Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3615363 Mon, 31 May 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3615363 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3615354&cid=s_35486_6_f&fid=35486&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.croh-online.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1040842810001058%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes (Source: Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology) Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3615354 Mon, 31 May 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3615354 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4593911&cid=s_35486_6_f&fid=35486&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.croh-online.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1040842810001228%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Traditional treatments for leukemia and myeloproliferative disorders have involved invasive clinical regimes, including chemotherapy, phlebotomy, and bone marrow transplantation, together with supportive care. These have been of variable effectiveness and have often elicited adverse, sometimes life-threatening side effects. Perturbation of key signal transduction pathways has become a consistent finding in the pathophysiology of leukemia and related diseases. This has allowed the development of specific pharmacological agents targeting deviant pathway component(s). Of this class of therapeutics those directed at the leukemic oncoproteins BCR-ABL and PML-RARα have provided proof-of-concept of the approach and are now established mainstream therapies. Specific inhibitors for the J... Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4593911 Mon, 31 May 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4593911 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4295330&cid=s_35486_6_f&fid=35486&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.croh-online.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1040842810000934%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Dissemination of tumor cells from primary tumors in the circulatory system is an early event in carcinogenesis. The presence of these single disseminated tumor cells (DTC) in peripheral blood, bone marrow and distant organs is the rationale for adjuvant systemic treatment. Detection of DTC in bone marrow aspirates from breast cancer patients and other solid tumors at the primary diagnosis impacts the prognosis of disease. In peripheral blood these cells are termed as circulating tumor cells (CTC). Due to technical difficulties the clinical significance of CTC detection at early stages is less established. This review focuses on available techniques for detection of DTC and CTC, recent technical advances in development of more sensitive microfluidic methods for capture of DTC and ... Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4295330 Mon, 31 May 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4295330 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4903858&cid=s_35486_6_f&fid=35486&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.croh-online.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1040842810001216%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Monoclonal components (MC) formed by chains/fragments of intact/truncated globulin components produced in different lymphoproliferative diseases are responsible for monoclonal immunoglobulin deposition disease (MIDD) and consequent tissue damage by organized (amyloid fibrils) or non-organized (amorphous) deposits.The kidneys are the most commonly affected organs in MIDD, and renal failure represents an important adverse factor for prognosis.The renal outcome and the role of renal pathology in diagnosing MIDD was evaluated in 289 elderly patients with multiple myeloma (MM, n=115) and monoclonal gammopathy (MGUS, n=174). Renal impairment was the only significant risk factor for patient death, while significant risk factors for renal impairment were diabetes (HR 3.65, 95% CI: 2.08�... Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4903858 Sun, 30 May 2010 23:00:00 +0100 4903858 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4805594&cid=s_35486_6_f&fid=35486&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.croh-online.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1040842810001204%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Twenty years were passed between the discovery of oncogene HER2, the description of its implication in mammary carcinogenesis, and the development of specific targeted therapies. To date, trastuzumab and lapatinib are the two anti-HER2 targeted therapies commonly used, demonstrating therapeutic effects. Although their clinical efficacy seems to be exclusively related to the amplification of the HER2 gene or to the overexpression of the protein, these factors are not sufficient since tumors can develop resistance. Because of a better knowledge in those mechanisms of resistance, novel therapeutic agents could help to bypass them. How should these be used with respect to current anti-HER2 targeted therapies? Recent notions such as oncogene addiction, tumor cell dormancy and residual... Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4805594 Sun, 30 May 2010 23:00:00 +0100 4805594 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4685917&cid=s_35486_6_f&fid=35486&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.croh-online.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1040842810000922%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Conclusions: This is the first review to bring together the information of 89 years and to analyze all the potential information accumulated. Although a well know entity no consensus is reached in order to describe MUP presentation, management or prognosis. (Source: Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology) Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4685917 Sun, 30 May 2010 23:00:00 +0100 4685917 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3667625&cid=s_35486_6_f&fid=35486&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.croh-online.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS104084281000079X%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: The aim of this study was to document physicians’ perceptions of cancer care for elderly patients within an oncogeriatric coordination pilot unit (UPCOG) created in Paris, France. We focused on how physicians apply new cancer care practices, how they establish new teamwork, and their experience of oncogeriatrics in everyday practice. Qualitative methods were used, including a literature review, observation of working sessions in the oncogeriatric pilot unit, and semi-structured interviews with 28 physicians. The results show how physicians’ differing perceptions of geriatric oncology can hinder routine collaboration. (Source: Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology) Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3667625 Sun, 30 May 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3667625 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4295335&cid=s_35486_6_f&fid=35486&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.croh-online.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1040842810000806%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Aim of the study: At present, there is very little data available about the impact of anemia on elderly cancer patient's quality of life (QoL). Most of the acquired knowledge has been derived from small studies selected for primary site cancer. This observational study investigates the association between hemoglobin (Hb) level and comprehensive geriatric assessment variables: Cancer Linear Analog Scale (CLAS), Activities of Daily Living (ADL), Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) in elderly cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy (CT).Methods: We enrolled 586 elderly cancer patients undergoing CT who were evaluated at baseline and every 3–4 weeks for at least 12 weeks. The correlation between Hb level changes and the examined index changes were performed using Pearson correlati... Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4295335 Wed, 19 May 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4295335 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4685916&cid=s_35486_6_f&fid=35486&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.croh-online.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS104084281000082X%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: This review addresses the management of MPM. In an introductory section, the etiology, epidemiology, presentation, diagnosis and staging of MPM will be reviewed. The evidence was collected by a systematic analysis of the literature (2000–2009) using the databases Medline (National Library of Medicine, USA), Embase (Elsevier, Netherlands), Cochrane Library (Great Britain), National Guideline Clearinghouse (USA), HTA Database (International Network of Agencies for Health Technology Assessment – INAHTA), NIH database (USA), International Pleural Mesothelioma Program – WHOLIS (WHO Database) with the following keywords and filters: pleura, cancer, mesothelioma, guidelines, treatment, surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, palliation, supportive care, pleurodesis, review. (Source: ... Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4685916 Wed, 12 May 2010 23:00:00 +0100 4685916 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4152629&cid=s_35486_6_f&fid=35486&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.croh-online.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1040842810000831%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: This analysis compared azacitidine (AZA) to conventional care regimens (CCR) and their associated overall survival (OS) and tolerability in the subset of 87 elderly (≥75 years) patients with higher-risk MDS (FAB: RAEB, RAEB-t, CMML and IPSS: Int-2 or High) from the AZA-001 trial. Patients were randomized to AZA (75mg/m2/daysubcutaneously×7 days every 28 days) (n=38) or CCR (n=49) and had median ages of 78 and 77 years, respectively. AZA significantly improved OS vs CCR (HR: 0.48 [95%CI: 0.26, 0.89]; p=0.0193) and 2-year OS rates were 55% vs 15% (p (Source: Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology) Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4152629 Fri, 07 May 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4152629 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4805600&cid=s_35486_6_f&fid=35486&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.croh-online.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1040842810000843%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes We report the final results of a randomised pilot trial comparing primary tamoxifen and wedge mastectomy as initial treatment in this population.One hundred and thirty-one women >70 years with early operable primary breast cancer ( (Source: Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology) Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4805600 Wed, 05 May 2010 23:00:00 +0100 4805600 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4685919&cid=s_35486_6_f&fid=35486&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.croh-online.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1040842810000818%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Conclusion: The majority had ≥1 frailty marker. Low grip strength predicted toxicity, none of the functional measures did. Further researcher investigating the usefulness of frailty markers is needed. (Source: Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology) Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4685919 Tue, 04 May 2010 23:00:00 +0100 4685919 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4685915&cid=s_35486_6_f&fid=35486&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.croh-online.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1040842810000788%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Extra-fascial total hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy with or without lymph node dissection is the initial treatment for endometrial cancer. Unresolved scientific controversy exists regarding the selection of patients who may benefit from lymphadenectomy, the magnitude of such benefit, and the role of adjuvant therapy. External pelvic irradiation has been shown to reduce loco-regional recurrences without improving survival. Meta-analyses of randomized trials indicate that external pelvic irradiation offers a significant benefit in terms of survival only in high-risk disease (i.e. stage Ic grade 3). Intermediate risk patients (i.e. stage Ib grade 3 disease), therefore, may be treated with adjuvant intravaginal brachytherapy alone to avoid the risk of side effects as... Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4685915 Sun, 25 Apr 2010 23:00:00 +0100 4685915 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4805593&cid=s_35486_6_f&fid=35486&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.croh-online.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1040842810000776%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: The present state of the art for management of patients with febrile neutropenia has been reviewed as well as potential ways to improve it in the future. A major advance has been the possibility to predict, accurately and early, the risk of complications and death in those patients. While the algorithm for therapy in low-risk patients is presently straightforward, significant progresses are needed for patients who are at higher risk of presenting severe complications. (Source: Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology) Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4805593 Wed, 21 Apr 2010 23:00:00 +0100 4805593 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4685921&cid=s_35486_6_f&fid=35486&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.croh-online.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1040842810000727%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Purpose: Sufficient data are currently unavailable to assist in defining suitable regimens for patients ≥70 years with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).Methods: Chemonaïve patients with a performance status (PS) of 0 or 1 and stage IIIB or IV NSCLC were randomized to gemcitabine 1000mg/m2 on days 1 and 8 plus carboplatin area under the curve (AUC) 5.5 on day 1; the same schedule of gemcitabine plus paclitaxel 200mg/m2 on day 1; or paclitaxel 225mg/m2 on day 1 plus carboplatin AUC 6.0 on day 1. Cycles were every 21 days up to 6. Efficacy and toxicity results were compared by age groups.Results: Overall survival (OS) between patients (Source: Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology) Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4685921 Wed, 21 Apr 2010 23:00:00 +0100 4685921 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4593910&cid=s_35486_6_f&fid=35486&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.croh-online.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1040842810000752%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes This report, based on an expert panel discussion held in February 2009, presents recommendations for the management of skin rash, hand-foot skin reaction, diarrhea, and hypertension, and strategies to help lessen the frequency and severity of these events. In addition, general recommendations for dose modifications are discussed. The goal of these management recommendations is to optimize sorafenib therapy for advanced RCC. (Source: Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology) Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4593910 Tue, 20 Apr 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4593910 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4593908&cid=s_35486_6_f&fid=35486&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.croh-online.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1040842810000764%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Guidelines are produced in oncology to facilitate clinical decision making and improve clinical practice. However, existing guidelines are mainly developed for countries with a certain availability of means and cultural aspects are rarely taken into account. Around the Mediterranean Area, countries share common cultural backgrounds but also great disparities with respect to availability of means; current guidelines by most societies are not applicable to all of those countries. Association of Radiotherapy and Oncology of the Mediterranean Area (AROME) is a scientific organization for the promotion and overcoming of inequalities in oncology clinical practice around the Mediterranean Area. In an effort to accomplish this goal, members of the AROME society have developed clinical re... Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4593908 Tue, 20 Apr 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4593908 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4685918&cid=s_35486_6_f&fid=35486&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.croh-online.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1040842810000594%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Background: Most elderly patients with cancer suffer from a multitude of intense physical and psychological symptoms regardless of the stage of disease. The current paper describes the prevalence of pain, fatigue, insomnia, and mood disturbance, alone and in combination in elderly cancer patients, as well as the inter-correlations among these four symptoms, and the relationship of the symptom cluster to functional status and quality of life (QoL) during cancer therapy.Patients and methods: This cross-sectional study used secondary data from a convenience sample of 120 patients, 65 years of age and older, with colorectal, lung, head/neck, breast, gynecological, prostate or esophageal cancer receiving chemotherapy or radiotherapy. Measuring instruments included the Karnofsky Perfor... Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4685918 Mon, 19 Apr 2010 23:00:00 +0100 4685918 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3970153&cid=s_35486_6_f&fid=35486&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.croh-online.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1040842809002480%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Conclusion: In elderly cancer patients, an all-oral combination of capecitabine and vinorelbine maintains functional status, is well tolerated, and provides good disease control. (Source: Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology) Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3970153 Tue, 30 Mar 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3970153 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4406566&cid=s_35486_6_f&fid=35486&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.croh-online.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1040842810000363%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Conclusions: The designed CGA was accepted by most patients and was not perceived to be overly time-consuming. (Source: Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology) Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4406566 Tue, 30 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4406566 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3405135&cid=s_35486_6_f&fid=35486&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.croh-online.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1040842810000624%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes (Source: Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology) Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3405135 Fri, 26 Mar 2010 13:48:20 +0100 3405135 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4593912&cid=s_35486_6_f&fid=35486&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.croh-online.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1040842810000521%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Conclusions: The concerns of respondents about comorbidities, functional status, and social support, along with their interest to collaborate with geriatricians, support the need for a partnership between these two disciplines. (Source: Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology) Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4593912 Wed, 24 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4593912 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4593913&cid=s_35486_6_f&fid=35486&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.croh-online.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS104084281000051X%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: The incidence of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLCL) in the older is growing to the point of becoming a health priority in the next decades. Prognostic factors and the biology of the tumor are not very different between younger and older populations. Furthermore, it seems that the response rate is basically similar in both populations, provided an appropriate dose of chemotherapy is administered. However, there seem to be differences with regard to a lower tolerance to treatment and a higher relapse rate in responsive older patients. To analyze these problems we review the most important differences between young and older DLCL patients in terms of immunologic status, treatment toxicity and the presence of other concomitant diseases or organ dysfunctions. We also consider the mo... Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4593913 Mon, 22 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4593913 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4295331&cid=s_35486_6_f&fid=35486&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.croh-online.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS104084281000034X%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Emerging data suggests that host immune cells with a suppressive phenotype represent a significant hurdle to successful therapy for metastatic cancer. Among the suppressor cells, T regulatory cells (Treg) and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) are significantly increased in hosts with advanced malignancies. MDSC mediate the suppression of the tumor antigen-specific T cell response through the induction of T cell anergy and the development of Treg in tumor-bearing mice. These results provide robust evidence of an in vivo immunoregulatory function of MDSC in the establishment of tumor antigen-specific tolerance and the development of Treg in tumor-bearing hosts. To achieve effective anti-tumor immunity, tumor-induced immunosuppression must be reversed. Our preliminary results ... Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4295331 Mon, 22 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4295331 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4593914&cid=s_35486_6_f&fid=35486&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.croh-online.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1040842810000533%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Conclusions: An OACE unit model of care resulted in increased nutritional interventions. Future work is warranted to evaluate outcomes of care. (Source: Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology) Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4593914 Thu, 18 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4593914 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4593909&cid=s_35486_6_f&fid=35486&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.croh-online.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1040842810000351%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: The pertinent literature on clinical studies comparing the respective value of myeloid colony stimulating factors to pegfilgrastim as a prevention of febrile neutropenia in chemotherapy-treated cancer patients has been reviewed.Pegfilgrastim is definitely not inferior to filgrastim or other myeloid colony stimulating agents with respect to duration of grade IV neutropenia and delivery of full chemotherapy dose on time; several comparative studies indicate a trend to less frequent febrile neutropenia with pegfilgrastim. (Source: Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology) Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4593909 Mon, 15 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4593909 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4406564&cid=s_35486_6_f&fid=35486&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.croh-online.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1040842810000314%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Recently, a greater understanding of tumor biology, including the use of genetic signatures, has led to a more precise classification of breast cancer. This has translated into a more granular assessment of risk-benefit calculations for the selection of patients for adjuvant therapies. For unselected patients, anthracyclines offer a survival benefit over non-anthracycline-based regimens, but are associated with long-term risks including congestive heart failure. Until recently, the benefit of anthracyclines in older patients with early breast cancer was largely extrapolated from studies involving younger cohorts. Emerging data now suggest that for appropriately selected older patients anthracyclines offer distinct benefits and are associated with a manageable toxicity profile. Th... Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4406564 Mon, 15 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4406564 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4406562&cid=s_35486_6_f&fid=35486&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.croh-online.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1040842810000338%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Aging of the population – global graying – is occurring rapidly, with significant effects on epidemiology, treatment and outcomes for cancer patients. In colorectal cancer, outcomes for the elderly are worse than those for younger patients, partially driven by treatment disparities between the two groups. Nonetheless, standard-of-care treatment for the elderly results in equivalent long-term outcomes to those observed in the younger population; and available data support the use of aggressive surgery and adjuvant therapies in well-selected patients. Data evaluating epidemiology, treatment patterns and outcomes in elderly patients with colorectal cancer liver metastasis are lacking. Liver resection offers the only curative approach, but it is rarely offered to older adults. Cu... Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4406562 Mon, 08 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4406562 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3615358&cid=s_35486_6_f&fid=35486&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.croh-online.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1040842809001966%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Nearly 30% of breast cancer cases present in women younger than 50 years old. While newer treatment regimens employed are less gonadotoxic, regimens still consist of combination medications that include cyclophosphamide, known to deplete the number of primordial follicles, thereby potentially leading to infertility. For common regimens such as adriamycin/cytoxan (AC), the risk of premature ovarian failure was thought to be largely dependent on patient age, with the risk of complete ovarian failure 40 years age. This review examines major strides in the field of reproductive medicine over the past 20 years including the use of leuprolide acetate, embryo cryopreservation, oocyte cryopreservation and ovarian tissue banking. We also discuss the role of gestational carriers and adopti... Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3615358 Mon, 08 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3615358 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3323774&cid=s_35486_6_f&fid=35486&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.croh-online.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1040842810000399%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes (Source: Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology) Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3323774 Wed, 03 Mar 2010 13:47:56 +0100 3323774 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4078250&cid=s_35486_6_f&fid=35486&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.croh-online.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1040842810000028%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Neoplastic stem cells have initially been characterized in myeloid leukemias where NOD/SCID mouse-repopulating progenitors supposedly reside within a CD34+/Lin− subset of the malignant clone. These progenitors are considered to be self-renewing cells responsible for the in vivo long-term growth of neoplastic cells in leukemic patients. Therefore, these cells represent an attractive target of therapy. In some lymphoid leukemias, NOD/SCID mouse-repopulating cells were also reported to reside within the CD34+/Lin− subfraction of the clone. More recently, several attempts have been made to transfer the cancer stem cell concept to solid tumors and other non-hematopoietic neoplasms. In several of these tumors, the cell surface antigens AC133 (CD133) and CD44 are considered to indic... Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4078250 Fri, 26 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4078250 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4406565&cid=s_35486_6_f&fid=35486&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.croh-online.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1040842810000302%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes This study was undertaken to explore the ability of KPS to correctly assess the PS of elderly cancer patients, comparing it to a validated geriatric tool named Physical Performance Test (PPT).One single examiner assessed elderly cancer patients’ PS at registration in our institution and performed the PPT on patients with KPS ≥60. A sample of 152 patients actually underwent PPT. A low refusal rate was observed ( (Source: Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology) Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4406565 Thu, 25 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4406565 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3970147&cid=s_35486_6_f&fid=35486&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.croh-online.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1040842809002625%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: There is strong evidence that infertility is a dramatic and frequent side effect in men and women of childbearing age who are undergoing chemotherapy for their cancer treatment. This, severe and often underestimated complication heavily deteriorates the quality of life of affected patients and risks to reduce the therapeutic efforts and the compliance towards the suggested treatments. Moreover, cancer related infertility is still considered a marginal aspect of the quality of life in cancer patients. Reproduction's preservation plays today an emerging role in the culture of industrialized countries and moves extraordinary interests from the scientific and economic points, of view. Unfortunately medical oncologists, surgeons and gynaecologists have little consideration, for this c... Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3970147 Thu, 25 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3970147