MedWorm.com provides a medical RSS filtering service. Over 6000 RSS medical sources are combined and output via different filters. This feed contains the latest items from the 'Dental Abstracts' source. Wed, 08 Feb 2012 12:06:14 +0100 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5659795&cid=s_38396_11_f&fid=38396&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dentalabstracts.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0011848610005832%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes The sleep-related breathing disorder obstructive sleep apnea/hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) is characterized by disruptive snoring and repeated partial or complete upper airway obstructions. The severity is measured using the apnea–hypopnea index (AHI) and can be mild (AHI: 5 to 15), moderate (AHI: 15 to 30), or severe (AHI: >30). Excessive sleepiness, increased risk of accidents, and impaired quality of life are common, along with an increased risk for ischemic heart disease, congestive heart failure, and stroke. Treatment usually involves a continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) device, but compliance is low and patients often prefer the less-intrusive oral appliances that reposition the mandible forward and downward. Mild and moderate OSAHS might respond to oral appliance therapy, but ... Dental Abstracts journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5659795 Sun, 01 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5659795 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5659794&cid=s_38396_11_f&fid=38396&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dentalabstracts.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0011848610005820%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Sealant manufacturers recommend that teeth be cleaned before acid etching and placement of a sealant. However, the method of cleaning is not always specified in the instructions for use. Whether sealant retention is equally good after toothbrushing and handpiece prophylaxis was investigated through a review of randomized controlled trials or systematic reviews on the issue. Direct evidence from two clinical trials found no difference in sealant retention between surfaces cleaned mechanically using pumice or prophylaxis paste and those to which an air-water syringe or dry toothbrushing was applied. Indirect evidence in 10 studies showed that toothbrush prophylaxis had sealant retention values of greater than or equal to those achieved with handpiece prophylaxis. In school-based dental seala... Dental Abstracts journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5659794 Sun, 01 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5659794 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5659793&cid=s_38396_11_f&fid=38396&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dentalabstracts.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0011848611001774%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes The acid-etch technique is the most effective method for reliable and durable bonding to enamel. Self-etch adhesives have been developed to address demands for simplicity, rapid use, and low technique sensitivity. Mild and ultra-mild self-etch adhesives are significantly less acidic than other one-step adhesives and have a prolonged shelf life. However, composite restorations bonded with these milder varieties tend to have margin adaptation problems at the enamel surface, which have been attributed to interference caused by bur debris smeared across the enamel during cavity preparation. Various surface preparation methods were evaluated through high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (TEM) for their effects on the interfacial structure of an ultra-mild self-etch adhesive bonded to... Dental Abstracts journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5659793 Sun, 01 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5659793 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5659792&cid=s_38396_11_f&fid=38396&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dentalabstracts.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0011848610005819%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Dental caries lesions progress through various stages based on a continual imbalance between pathologic and protective factors. The process involves the dissolution of apatite crystals and the loss of calcium, phosphate, and other ions from the tooth, termed demineralization. Modern dentistry hopes to manage noncavitated caries lesions noninvasively by remineralizing these sites, preventing disease progression, and improving esthetics, strength, and function. Remineralization is defined as the process wherein calcium and phosphate ions are supplied from a source external to the tooth, promoting ion deposits into crystal voids (any accessible spaces in a crystal caused by ion loss) in demineralized enamel, producing a net gain in mineral content. Saliva produces a small amount of reminerali... Dental Abstracts journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5659792 Sun, 01 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5659792 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5659791&cid=s_38396_11_f&fid=38396&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dentalabstracts.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0011848611002950%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Caries remains a widespread public health problem and is mainly treated with restorative options, although the problem is preventable. At present, there are many aids to protect dental health but also many harmful influences, such as sugary snacks and drinks. A correlation between caries incidence and sugar consumption has been documented repeatedly, although fluoride use can weaken this relationship. The use of xylitol-containing products has also been strongly associated with a significant reduction in caries incidence and with lesion remineralization in young children, school-aged children, and mothers. Toothbrushing twice daily is known to promote better dental health as well. To assess the role of oral health-related behaviors on adults’ dental health, the relationship between the f... Dental Abstracts journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5659791 Sun, 01 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5659791 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5659790&cid=s_38396_11_f&fid=38396&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dentalabstracts.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0011848611001749%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes In generalized aggressive periodontitis (GAgP), there is severe destruction of the supporting structures of the teeth that can cause edentulism early in life. This is a relatively rare disorder and little studied. Treatment approaches begin with a cause-related treatment phase aimed at reducing and/or eliminating pathogenic microorganisms. Systemic antimicrobials may also prove beneficial. A 7-day adjunctive course of systemic metronidazole and amoxicillin significantly improved the short-term clinical outcomes in patients with GAgP who underwent nonsurgical debridement. However, in clinical practice, antimicrobials are more likely to be used for retreatment than for initial therapy. An investigation was undertaken to determine whether retreatment with adjunctive antimicrobials achieves th... Dental Abstracts journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5659790 Sun, 01 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5659790 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5659789&cid=s_38396_11_f&fid=38396&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dentalabstracts.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0011848611002937%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Successful orthodontic treatment depends on the establishment of a good relationship between the patient and the orthodontist. This begins with the consultation and treatment planning stages and continues throughout the process. Both patients and parents are more informed about orthodontics at present than in previous times. Extractions are done to provide space to accommodate a crowded dentition or to achieve orthodontic camouflage. The range of extraction frequencies between practitioners varies considerably, although generally, the frequency is diminishing. During informed consent, patients are offered all alternative treatments and may seek further information on the Internet to help them in choosing among the options, such as extraction or nonextraction. The quality of health informat... Dental Abstracts journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5659789 Sun, 01 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5659789 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5659788&cid=s_38396_11_f&fid=38396&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dentalabstracts.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0011848611001701%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes After nonsurgical root canal treatment (NSRCT), between 59% and 73.5% of teeth that suffer a major untoward event are extracted within 2 to 8 years. These untoward events are usually caused by endodontic, prosthetic, or periodontal failure—all dental-related reasons. However, it is possible that systemic disease may increase the risk of tooth extraction after NSRCT. A large-scale prospective study of teeth having NSRCT was undertaken to determine the influence systemic disease has on the risk of tooth extraction after NSRCT. (Source: Dental Abstracts) Dental Abstracts journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5659788 Sun, 01 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5659788 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5659787&cid=s_38396_11_f&fid=38396&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dentalabstracts.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0011848611002913%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Radiotherapy is an established treatment method for managing malignant disease of the head and neck. This modality targets all cells with a high turnover rate, regardless of whether they are malignant or normal tissues. The key to achieving a cure is to balance the eradication of tumor cells with the avoidance of further patient debilitation. The adverse effects on normal tissue limit the dose and delivery rate of radiotherapy. Osteoradionecrosis (ORN) is one of the most serious complications of radiotherapy. ORN is defined as an area of exposed devitalized irradiated bone that does not heal within 3 to 6 months with no local neoplastic disease. ORN is difficult to treat and is often associated with a poor outcome and deformity. ORN can be spontaneous, caused by periodontal and apical dise... Dental Abstracts journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5659787 Sun, 01 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5659787 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5659786&cid=s_38396_11_f&fid=38396&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dentalabstracts.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0011848611002901%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Millions of denture patients live in the United States and many use denture adhesives. Because zinc is an ingredient in denture adhesives, patients may inadvertently ingest more than the recommended daily allowance of zinc (). The literature indicates that the ingestion of excess zinc can induce copper deficiency and result in neurological problems. GlaxoSmithKline has informed all healthcare providers that their denture adhesives will no longer contain zinc, but zinc is still in the other manufacturers’ products. Dentists must understand how the excessive use of zinc-containing denture adhesives can cause bone marrow suppression and polyneuropathy, with numbness and paresthesia of the extremities, loss of balance, and walking problems. The adverse systemic effects of prolonged, excessiv... Dental Abstracts journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5659786 Sun, 01 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5659786 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5659785&cid=s_38396_11_f&fid=38396&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dentalabstracts.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0011848611002834%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Dental offices used to be “drill and fill” practices, with little demand for elective dentistry or cosmetic procedures other than for the rich and famous. Orthodontics was generally limited to children. At present, dentistry is dealing with an explosion of technology and services to provide to consumers. The general public demands many of these options and can pay for them. Has the definition of what constitutes “ideal treatment” been lost? Presenting the ideal treatment to patients educates them, increases their awareness about the recommended dentistry, and establishes a way to prioritize recommended procedures. Patients receive the “big picture” so they know what it will take to achieve optimal oral health. In this presentation, they can also be informed about services that ... Dental Abstracts journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5659785 Sun, 01 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5659785 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5659784&cid=s_38396_11_f&fid=38396&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dentalabstracts.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0011848610005078%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes It can be difficult to diagnose and manage temporomandibular disorders (TMDs). As with other chronic illnesses, the diagnosis will significantly affect how individuals think about themselves and how their condition influences daily life. Obtaining a diagnosis and an appropriate management plan can be hindered by various factors. The effects of seeking diagnosis and treatment for TMDs were evaluated in a qualitative study. (Source: Dental Abstracts) Dental Abstracts journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5659784 Sun, 01 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5659784 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5659783&cid=s_38396_11_f&fid=38396&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dentalabstracts.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0011848611002822%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes The use of endosseous oral implants to support mandibular dentures is considered the preferred treatment for edentulous patients with retention problems related to conventional mandibular dentures. There is no age restriction as to when oral implants can be inserted to support overdentures, as this is a good treatment option for all ages. Implant-supported prosthodontic rehabilitation of functional and esthetic oral problems is being used more and more often with very favorable results in independent subjects who can perform the required level of oral self-care. However, for patients who have become dependent on others for daily oral health care, these restorations represent a challenge. Specific oral care is not always available for patients with implant-supported dentures, or in some ins... Dental Abstracts journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5659783 Sun, 01 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5659783 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5659782&cid=s_38396_11_f&fid=38396&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dentalabstracts.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0011848610005650%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Primary snoring is defined as snoring associated with changes in the caliber of the upper airway, causing reduced flow and increased airway resistance but no clinical symptoms or sleep disruption. Snoring should be diminished by displacing the tongue anteriorly, which tends to compensate for inadequate activity of the pharyngeal opening muscles. Use of tongue-retaining devices may reduce the time of loud snoring that occurs during sleep. Mandibular position can also influence the patency of the upper airway. This may be related to jaw opening associated with the posterior movement of the jaw angle, which compromises oropharyngeal airway diameter. Upper airway resistance is significantly lower during nasal breathing than mouth breathing, so pure nasal breathing and complete closure of the m... Dental Abstracts journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5659782 Sun, 01 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5659782 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5659781&cid=s_38396_11_f&fid=38396&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dentalabstracts.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0011848610005649%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes It has been recommended that one should leave carious tissue on the axial floor of deep lesions rather than perform vigorous excavation because there is less pulpal damage, caries is halted, and the short-term longevity of the restoration is acceptable. However, questions arise about the long-term survival of restorations placed after incomplete caries removal. Leaving a layer of carious dentin may compromise the strength of the restoration. Higher bond strengths are noted with restoration materials bonded to sound rather than carious dentin, and also carious dentin is softer and has a lower Young’s modulus than sound dentin. Thus, fracture strength may be compromised when soft carious tissue is left in the cavity before the restoration is placed. (Source: Dental Abstracts) Dental Abstracts journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5659781 Sun, 01 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5659781 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5659780&cid=s_38396_11_f&fid=38396&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dentalabstracts.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0011848610005637%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Dentists can be called upon to perform esthetic treatment of a single discolored anterior tooth. The most conservative approach is generally bleaching, followed by laminates that can mask or reduce the discoloration while maintaining the tooth structure. Ceramic laminate veneers allow the tooth to behave similar to a natural, unrestored tooth with respect to strain and stress transference. Feldspathic ceramic laminate was used for a young woman with a dark maxillary central incisor (). (Source: Dental Abstracts) Dental Abstracts journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5659780 Sun, 01 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5659780 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5659779&cid=s_38396_11_f&fid=38396&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dentalabstracts.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0011848610005625%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes The most important factors in achieving successful resin-based composite (RBC) restorations are good bonding to tooth structure and adequate resin polymerization. Optimal polymerization relies on the clinical efficiency of the light-curing unit. The wavelength of the emitted light, type of photoinitiator, bulb intensity, exposure time, distance and angle of the light tip from the composite surface, type of RBC, and shade of resin composite all contribute to achieving an efficient cure. (Source: Dental Abstracts) Dental Abstracts journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5659779 Sun, 01 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5659779 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5659778&cid=s_38396_11_f&fid=38396&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dentalabstracts.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0011848610003936%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Crown-lengthening procedures are often applied when caries or fractures are extensive and are located subgingivally. With this therapy, dentists can expose the solid tooth structure and proceed with the restoration efforts. The goals, basic surgical principles, wound healing linked to crown-lengthening procedures, the outcomes of the therapy, and the results in a clinical case observed for 8 years were reported. Both clinical and radiographic studies and literature reviews were included in the information search. Only publications relating surgical exposure of natural dentition to restorative options, aesthetic concerns, or both were included. (Source: Dental Abstracts) Dental Abstracts journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5659778 Sun, 01 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5659778 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5659777&cid=s_38396_11_f&fid=38396&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dentalabstracts.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0011848610005066%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Endodontically treated teeth have a history of reduced resistance to fracture and diminished strength as compared with vital untreated teeth. Various factors contribute to this weakness including loss of structural integrity, stress from the various procedures that were performed, and inappropriate selection of tooth abutments for prosthetic elements. Restoring endodontically treated teeth should be designed to increase tooth fracture resistance, often with posts to support and reinforce the remaining tooth structure. The relevant published data on the fracture resistance of teeth restored with post-retained restorations were reviewed. (Source: Dental Abstracts) Dental Abstracts journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5659777 Sun, 01 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5659777 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5659776&cid=s_38396_11_f&fid=38396&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dentalabstracts.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0011848611002780%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes The success of prosthetic devices depends on the dimensional accuracy and detail reproduction of impressions and corresponding models that are used to create the restoration. Impressions are obtained to provide a dimensionally stable “negative” that will serve as a cast mold. Impression materials must be able to reproduce the static oral structures accurately if an optimum reproduction of preparation margins is to be obtained. This ability varies depending on the material chosen. The marginal precision averages 50 μm on dental restorations and represents the sum of all relative and absolute errors incurred in the fabrication process. For each stage, the error rate must be minimal to reduce the cumulative effect. Conventional impressions are still required to transport information from... Dental Abstracts journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5659776 Sun, 01 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5659776 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5659775&cid=s_38396_11_f&fid=38396&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dentalabstracts.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0011848611002779%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes As people are living longer and retaining more teeth into their later years, dentists are being called on increasingly to provide oral rehabilitation. Occlusal arrangements may be complex in these often partially dentate adults, presenting challenges for dental practitioners. The removable partial denture (RPD) is usually the simplest and most straightforward option for patients with multiple or extensive edentulous areas. RPDs are conservative of adjacent teeth and relatively inexpensive, but can suffer patient intolerance and create a higher probability of periodontitis and caries if they are not properly designed. The clinician is ethically and legally required to design appropriate devices and ensure the fabrication of a high-quality RPD. However, in a study in the United Kingdom, 53% ... Dental Abstracts journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5659775 Sun, 01 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5659775 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5659774&cid=s_38396_11_f&fid=38396&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dentalabstracts.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0011848611002767%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Pediatric dentists are especially interested in determining what children feel and how they will behave in the dental chair. Generally, they observe the child’s behavior and emotional status for cues as to how to best manage the child’s anxiety and/or pain and make the dental experience more pleasant. Children often have difficulty describing subjective experiences using verbal language but tend to do better matching internal states with pictorial expressions of emotions. Nonverbal self-report techniques have been used, including the visual analog scale, and have provided reliable and valid measurements of pain in pediatric dental patients. However, it is difficult to isolate pain from other emotional states with these tools, and the child may be inappropriately treated for the current... Dental Abstracts journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5659774 Sun, 01 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5659774 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5659773&cid=s_38396_11_f&fid=38396&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dentalabstracts.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0011848611002755%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Each dental practitioner should consider the importance of communication, competence, and consent when planning oral surgery. Success or failure can depend on communication skills. In addition, it is vital to be able to objectively assess one’s own ability and competence when considering risk management for oral surgery procedures. Practitioners must be able to reflect on their own ability to execute the treatment plan that has been developed. If they are relatively inexperienced in a procedure, they have an obligation to inform patients and offer the choice of a referral to a more experienced colleague. Finally, patients must be provided with adequate information regarding the nature, purpose, and alternatives to a proposed treatment plan so as to provide informed consent. Included in t... Dental Abstracts journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5659773 Sun, 01 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5659773 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5659772&cid=s_38396_11_f&fid=38396&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dentalabstracts.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS001184861100152X%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes To safely perform dental extractions in patients taking oral anticoagulant therapy (OAT) requires establishing a balance between the risk of thromboembolic events and the risk of postoperative bleeding complications. The most recent recommendations are that patients’ OAT regimen be maintained and several postprocedural local hemostatic measures be instituted, such as gelatin sponges, oxidized cellulose, fibrin glue, sutures, and tranexamic acid, to control bleeding risks. Evidence thus far has consistently upheld this approach, but a large multicenter, prospective, case-control study was undertaken to confirm previous findings and validate the protocol. (Source: Dental Abstracts) Dental Abstracts journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5659772 Sun, 01 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5659772 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5659771&cid=s_38396_11_f&fid=38396&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dentalabstracts.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0011848611001518%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Taste is often considered a minor sense because it provides information about only a few stimulus qualities. Considerably less medical and clinical research has been focused on taste because it is rarely significantly disrupted. However, it is a key sense in protecting human beings from consuming dangerous substances and in encouraging them to consume more nutritious substances. Disruptions may be rare but they can substantially alter both nutrition and quality of life. Often, the dental practitioner is the first clinician to see patients reporting a change in taste sensation. It is important to properly assess these patients and manage the problems presented. (Source: Dental Abstracts) Dental Abstracts journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5659771 Sun, 01 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5659771 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5659770&cid=s_38396_11_f&fid=38396&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dentalabstracts.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0011848611001506%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Many tribal societies in Africa, Asia, and South America have practiced body piercing for centuries, but the art has recently become popular among teenagers and young adults in Western societies. In addition, in some areas of the world, the practice has taken on cultural or religious significance. Common sites for body piercing include the ear lobes, nose, eyebrow, navel, nipple, and genitals. Pertinent to dental practice are piercings of the lips, cheeks, tongue, uvula, or combinations of these sites. Oral piercing is generally performed by unlicensed self-taught persons who may lack clinical and anatomic knowledge, who do not use anesthesia, and who do not observe infection control practices. As a result, complications are not uncommon, including hemorrhage, infection, edema, swelling, t... Dental Abstracts journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5659770 Sun, 01 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5659770 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5659769&cid=s_38396_11_f&fid=38396&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dentalabstracts.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0011848611002718%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes The negative effects of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) are well known. Even mild levels show correlations with cardiovascular complications, excessive daytime sleepiness and fatigue, and a significantly altered quality of life. Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy, although potentially of great benefit for patients with OSA, suffers from poor patient compliance. OSA surgery reduces the respiratory disturbance index by 50% and lowers events to fewer than 20 per hour for patients who do not tolerate CPAP therapy. Nothing has the ability to totally eliminate OSA, but maxillomandibular advancement (MMA) surgery is currently the most effective surgical therapy. Although this has been considered a procedure of last resort, evidence indicates that MMA should be thought of as the firs... Dental Abstracts journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5659769 Sun, 01 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5659769 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5659768&cid=s_38396_11_f&fid=38396&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dentalabstracts.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0011848611004961%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Cost-effectiveness modeling is being used more often to provide estimates of long-term clinical and economic outcomes that are not obtained through clinical studies. Such analysis provides clear, standardized measurement of the value of health policies. Whether the outcomes of such analysis influence either public policy or implementation in dental practice is not yet clear. However, the Monitor Practice Programme (MPP) was developed to expand the generalizability of cost-effectiveness research by assessing the cost and effectiveness of a structured preventive dental program (the Caries Management System) compared with the standard dental care available in a private dental practice. The report noted 3-year efficacy results for the MPP, used these data to validate a model developed to asses... Dental Abstracts journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5659768 Sun, 01 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5659768 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5659767&cid=s_38396_11_f&fid=38396&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dentalabstracts.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS001184861100495X%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes This study was confined to the United Kingdom, however, and may not adequately reflect the cost-effectiveness of SPC in other countries. (Source: Dental Abstracts) Dental Abstracts journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5659767 Sun, 01 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5659767 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5659766&cid=s_38396_11_f&fid=38396&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dentalabstracts.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0011848611004948%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Many changes are taking place that affect the practice of dental hygiene. These include caring for underserved populations, changing workforce models, collaborating with other professionals, and recognizing oral health−overall health links. Periodontitis prevalence may be up to 50% greater than previously reported, according to the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) III and National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2001–2004. In addition, the 2000 publication Oral Health in America: A Report of the Surgeon General states that good general health is not possible without good oral health. This has led to increased federal funding and many more publications exploring linkages between oral and overall health. The specific findings relative to periodontology we... Dental Abstracts journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5659766 Sun, 01 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5659766 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5659765&cid=s_38396_11_f&fid=38396&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dentalabstracts.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0011848611003025%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes The way we make decisions changes with age at a fundamental physiological level. The brain approaches decision making and other tasks differently, and we need to understand it to be able to work within that context. Gregory Samanez-Larkin, co-director of the Scientific Research Network on Decision Neuroscience and Aging, focuses on brain systems involved in computing value when making financial decisions, which he finds are at the core of making decisions. He compared aids used by young people in their 20s and 30s and those in their 60s and older to make decisions regarding a set of risky or safe investment options. The brains of older adults were more likely to deviate from standard decision-making patterns when facing difficult choices than the brains of younger adults. This may graphica... Dental Abstracts journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5659765 Sun, 01 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5659765 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5659764&cid=s_38396_11_f&fid=38396&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dentalabstracts.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0011848611003694%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes If in the course of managing a postgraduate periodontics program in a dental school, a practitioner encounters patients who have been advised by a periodontist to undergo full-mouth periodontal surgery when the practitioner finds only minimal pocket depth that could respond to conservative treatment, the practitioner faces an ethical dilemma. Should the practitioner tell the patients that the other dentist has recommended treatment that may be unneeded? Should the practitioner have a resident provide care for patients that does not further his or her educational needs? The ethical solution to this situation was discussed. (Source: Dental Abstracts) Dental Abstracts journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5659764 Sun, 01 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5659764 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5659763&cid=s_38396_11_f&fid=38396&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dentalabstracts.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0011848611002615%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Having patients fail to follow through with recommended treatments, not seek consultations, or miss scheduled appointments are part of the reality of dental practice. Contributory negligence is the term applied to the conduct that falls below the standard required for the patient to protect himself or herself from suffering physical harm. Most patients are cooperative and follow instructions. Should they fail to do so, any resulting negative effects are usually not clinically significant. However, some patients suffer harm while under the dentist’s care because of their own poor compliance. It is important to review the care provided for each patient and ensure that prudent risk management has been practiced. (Source: Dental Abstracts) Dental Abstracts journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5659763 Sun, 01 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5659763 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5659762&cid=s_38396_11_f&fid=38396&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dentalabstracts.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0011848611004894%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes In the case of Paul v Providence Health System-Oregon, 240 P.3d 1110 (Ore. Ct. App., 2010), the patient files of a dentist had been inside a briefcase securely locked overnight in the dentist’s car. The car was broken into and the briefcase was stolen. The unencrypted files included personal and medical information as well as clinical information, and the dentist immediately contacted all patients who were involved. A number of patients filed a class-action lawsuit against the dentist, claiming damages that they had suffered or would suffer in the form of financial injury involved in monitoring credit reports, notifying credit bureaus of fraud alerts, notifying the Social Security Administration and other governmental or law enforcement bodies, and possibly repairing identity theft damag... Dental Abstracts journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5659762 Sun, 01 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5659762 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5659761&cid=s_38396_11_f&fid=38396&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dentalabstracts.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0011848611003682%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Ideally, all staff members in a dental office should get along well and work together harmoniously while performing their specific tasks perfectly. Because this is unrealistic, it is important to recognize that both the right leadership and effective systems must be in place to have a smoothly working office, and even then conflict can develop. If the practice is poorly managed, conflict can cause a division among the troops, with stress, unacceptable customer service, and chaos in the office. Although the dentist may want to turn a blind eye and hope that it all works out, a better approach is to take steps to manage staff member conflict effectively. (Source: Dental Abstracts) Dental Abstracts journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5659761 Sun, 01 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5659761 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5659760&cid=s_38396_11_f&fid=38396&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dentalabstracts.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0011848611003670%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Between patients and dentists, interpersonal relationships, particularly their communication aspects, are often as important to the patient as technical aspects of dental care. Good communication can reduce patient anxiety; increase patient satisfaction, motivation, and adherence to healthy behaviors; and lead to better oral health results. Inadequate or poor communication can create barriers to care and lead to undesirable outcomes. Communication is becoming even more important in light of the increasingly diverse US population that is also less educated, older, and more economically disadvantaged than previously. About 90 million US adults demonstrate health illiteracy, manifested by an impaired capacity to obtain and comprehend data on basic health care and services, thus inhibiting the... Dental Abstracts journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5659760 Sun, 01 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5659760 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5659759&cid=s_38396_11_f&fid=38396&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dentalabstracts.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0011848611006078%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes The amount of material to be covered at the undergraduate level can be overwhelming for both the student who must learn it and the faculty who must prepare and teach it. In the current dental school curriculum, there are competing demands from various disciplines to cover more and more information while still integrating the knowledge into a cohesive and clinically relevant package. In former times, the amount that could be presented was limited by the speed at which students could transcribe the lecture. Assigned reading filled in the rest of the information. Today, using PowerPoint presentations allows the faculty member to highlight the important “take-home” messages in class, then provide copies of slides and still assign reading in the corresponding textbook. Because of all the de... Dental Abstracts journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5659759 Sun, 01 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5659759 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5659758&cid=s_38396_11_f&fid=38396&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dentalabstracts.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0011848612000027%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Evidence-based dentistry is being widely encouraged, with whole systems developed to rate the hierarchy of evidence. One aspect that has been left out is time, which is especially important in evidentiary research dealing with dental materials and techniques. Often conclusions regarding dental materials and techniques are based on simple trends that are drawn from underpowered clinical trials, case reports, or in vitro research. However, speakers at various venues regularly present information as if it is proven doctrine. Three examples are offered to convey the importance of considering the effectiveness of materials over time. (Source: Dental Abstracts) Dental Abstracts journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5659758 Sun, 01 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5659758 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5659757&cid=s_38396_11_f&fid=38396&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dentalabstracts.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0011848611006042%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes The discussion about new schools reminds me of the Wimpy character in Popeye who famously said, “I’ll gladly pay you Tuesday for a hamburger today.” Everyone knows that he never has, or will, pay on Tuesday. So, in Wimpy’s style, if I open a new school today, then on Tuesday, the number of credible academic faculty will increase dramatically, the number of people who can pay for or have somebody else pay for (i.e., the government) care will dramatically change, the number of people wanting comprehensive rather than episodic care will skyrocket, the graduates with $200,000 of debt will flock to underserved areas, and the return on investment for dental education will be adequate to maintain a highly qualified applicant pool. If we are evidence-based decision makers, the likelihood o... Dental Abstracts journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5659757 Sun, 01 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5659757 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5659756&cid=s_38396_11_f&fid=38396&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dentalabstracts.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0011848611006613%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes (Source: Dental Abstracts) Dental Abstracts journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5659756 Sun, 01 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5659756 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5659755&cid=s_38396_11_f&fid=38396&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dentalabstracts.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0011848611006601%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes (Source: Dental Abstracts) Dental Abstracts journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5659755 Sun, 01 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5659755 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5400791&cid=s_38396_11_f&fid=38396&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dentalabstracts.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0011848611006030%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Açai, nutrition claims for, 43 Acetaminophen, liver toxicity of, 220 (Source: Dental Abstracts) Dental Abstracts journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5400791 Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5400791 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5400790&cid=s_38396_11_f&fid=38396&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dentalabstracts.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0011848611005930%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abbas F, 214 Abebe W, 304 (Source: Dental Abstracts) Dental Abstracts journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5400790 Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5400790 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5400789&cid=s_38396_11_f&fid=38396&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dentalabstracts.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0011848611003001%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Benefits to mental and physical well-being accompany exercising in a natural environment. A review of data from a minimum of 11 randomized and nonrandomized control trials (833 adults) compared the effects of outdoor exercise initiatives with those conducted indoors. Most participants reported that outdoor exercise improved mental well-being; increased the sense of revitalization, energy, and positive engagement; and diminished tension, confusion, anger, and depression. Participants enjoyed and were satisfied by outdoor exercises more than those done indoors and said they were more likely to repeat the activity later. The effects of physical activity on physical well-being and of natural environments on persistence of exercise behaviors were not measured. (Source: Dental Abstracts) Dental Abstracts journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5400789 Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5400789 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5400788&cid=s_38396_11_f&fid=38396&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dentalabstracts.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0011848611002925%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Cross-sectional and cohort studies with small sample sizes have linked obesity with periodontal disease. To avoid the limitations of these types of studies requires a longitudinal approach on a large sample. Such a study was conducted with the goal of assessing the relationship between levels of obesity and the development of periodontal disease. (Source: Dental Abstracts) Dental Abstracts journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5400788 Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5400788 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5400787&cid=s_38396_11_f&fid=38396&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dentalabstracts.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0011848611002871%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Controlled trials to determine the efficacy of mandibular implant-supported overdentures (IODs) compared with conventional dentures (CDs) in managing edentulous patients have found higher patient satisfaction and significantly better oral health-related quality of life among the IOD patients. These findings may be skewed by the nature of these trials. In a community setting, patients choose their own therapy, are not subject to strict selection criteria, and may pay the cost of the entire therapy. Whether the previous trial findings also hold true in the community setting was investigated in a multisite, observational effectiveness study. (Source: Dental Abstracts) Dental Abstracts journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5400787 Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5400787 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5400786&cid=s_38396_11_f&fid=38396&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dentalabstracts.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0011848611004006%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Many countries, including the United States, report problems of oral health and oral health care disparities among racial, ethnic, and socioeconomic sectors of their populations. Problems with access to dental care for low-income individuals in the United States are increasing because the relative supply of dentists is declining. Financial problems for students are compounding the problem, along with difficulties recruiting and retaining clinical faculty in dental schools because of the considerably lower income potential in academic settings compared with private practice. The Robert Wood Johnson Foundation and the California Endowment have sponsored the Dental Pipeline, Profession, and Practice Community-Based Dental Education program (Pipeline Program) in 15 dental schools. This program... Dental Abstracts journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5400786 Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5400786 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5400785&cid=s_38396_11_f&fid=38396&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dentalabstracts.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0011848611003992%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes A restored root-treated tooth has a life expectancy that is influenced by many factors, including how bad the damage is, the thickness of the remaining dentin, the choice of materials for the restoration, positioning of the restoration materials, distribution of the masticatory forces in the root, and the patient's occlusion. Materials used to restore a root-treated tooth should protect all the remaining tooth structure where the highest stress forces are concentrated. Stress should be distributed appropriately to improve longevity of the restoration. Prefabricated glass fiber-reinforced composite (FRC) posts have a modulus of elasticity similar to that of dentin, so their use in the root may diminish the risk of root fracture. However, the insertion of these posts requires dentin removal,... Dental Abstracts journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5400785 Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5400785 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5400784&cid=s_38396_11_f&fid=38396&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dentalabstracts.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0011848611003980%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Fiberglass posts offer several advantages for use in endodontically treated teeth. They have high flexural strength, an elasticity modulus comparable with that of dentin, good aesthetic appearance, and no corrosive products that cause gingival discoloration or root surface alteration. In addition, they can be adhesively cemented in the root canal using either conventional composite or self-adhesive resin cement. Some controversy exists regarding the presence of eugenol in the adhesive and whether it may affect post retention. The effects of various root canal sealers on the bond strength between a fiberglass post and root dentin fixed with self-adhesive cement were evaluated. (Source: Dental Abstracts) Dental Abstracts journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5400784 Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5400784 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5400783&cid=s_38396_11_f&fid=38396&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dentalabstracts.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS001184861100286X%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Dental lesions often complicate orotracheal intubation. Factors that contribute to this complication include poor dentition, impetuous or aggressive laryngoscopy in a restricted visual field and/or limited mouth opening situation, incomplete anesthesia and curarization during induction, emergency procedures, inexperience or lack of supervision, lack of alternative intubation devices, and lack of correct prophylactic approaches. The anesthetist should always perform a preoperative oropharyngeal evaluation, identifying the most appropriate airway strategy and noting any clinical risk areas. An anesthetic chart (AC) is recommended to describe the patient’s clinical status and document the preexisting dental conditions and possible lesions caused by intubation and/or extubation. The ACs, lit... Dental Abstracts journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5400783 Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5400783 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5400782&cid=s_38396_11_f&fid=38396&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dentalabstracts.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0011848611003979%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Amalgam is being replaced by resin composites for dental restorations throughout the world. The survival rates for these two materials are comparable at 5 years, although longer terms tend to favor amalgam. Location of the diagnosed caries may influence the choice of restorative material. Relationships between location of the caries and restorative material chosen were investigated. (Source: Dental Abstracts) Dental Abstracts journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5400782 Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5400782 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5400781&cid=s_38396_11_f&fid=38396&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dentalabstracts.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0011848611003967%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes It can be difficult to maintain adequate oral hygiene while undergoing orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances. This can increase the risk for developing caries lesions ranging from opaque white-spot lesions (WSLs) or decalcification to loss of enamel surface integrity and cavitation. About 50% of orthodontic patients have enamel opacities on at least one tooth after treatment. During treatment, patients suffer significant increases in the prevalence and severity of enamel opacities, with 84% of patients having WSL after treatment compared with about 72% before treatment. More recent data indicate that over 95% of patients develop at least one new WSL or have an increased severity of existing lesions after orthodontic treatment. This increased prevalence of enamel lesions caused by ort... Dental Abstracts journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5400781 Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5400781 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5400780&cid=s_38396_11_f&fid=38396&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dentalabstracts.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0011848611001804%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Physicians often include an assessment of whether their patient appears older than his or her actual age while determining health status. However, research led by St. Michael's Hospital in Toronto shows that looking older does not necessarily mean poor health. A total of 126 patients aged 30 to 70 years completed a survey that accurately determined whether they had poor physical or mental health. Photographs taken of the patients were shown to 58 physicians who were told the patients' actual ages and asked to determine how old the patients looked. When physicians rated persons at least 10 years older than their actual age, 99% of the persons had poor physical or mental health. When physicians rated persons up to 5 years older than their actual age, the assessment had little predictive valu... Dental Abstracts journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5400780 Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5400780 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5400779&cid=s_38396_11_f&fid=38396&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dentalabstracts.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0011848611002810%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes (PD) is an irreversible, slowly progressive, neurodegenerative movement disorder characterized by tremor, rigidity, and bradykinesia. It is a common neurological disease, affecting 120 per 100,000 persons, with men being affected by it 1.5 times more frequently than women. Usually, the onset is after the age of 40 years, and the prevalence increases with increased age, reaching 1% to 5% in persons aged ≥65. The disease reflects the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the basal ganglia and substantia nigra of the brain. Patients progress through five stages, with medication being used after the symptoms interfere with the patient’s functioning. Levodopa is the drug of choice, but its effectiveness declines with time. Effects also vary in a 24-hour cycle. Other drugs are commonly us... Dental Abstracts journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5400779 Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5400779 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5400778&cid=s_38396_11_f&fid=38396&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dentalabstracts.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0011848611002809%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes The traditional oral roles of saliva include lubricating the mucosa; aiding chewing, swallowing, and speaking; and cleaning and remineralizing the dentition. It is now being proposed as a diagnostic indicator of oral and systemic disease. The evidence to support this role and an overview of saliva versus traditional sampling methods for diagnostic indicators were presented. (Source: Dental Abstracts) Dental Abstracts journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5400778 Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5400778 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5400777&cid=s_38396_11_f&fid=38396&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dentalabstracts.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0011848610005054%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Traditional techniques using dental amalgam suffer from unaesthetic appearance, concerns about safety, and lack of adherence to remaining tooth tissue. Often caries-free tooth tissue must be sacrificed to provide mechanical retention for an amalgam restoration. Composite restorations are aesthetic, readily bonded, offer positive benefits, and perform best when the preparation is limited to the removal of irreversibly damaged tooth tissue. Such restorations fit well with the concept of minimally invasive dental practice, making composite resins a better choice than dental amalgam for restoring a posterior tooth damaged by caries. However, a worldwide survey performed in 1989 and updated in 1998 found that dental students are seldom taught about posterior composites. The topic was not covere... Dental Abstracts journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5400777 Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5400777 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5400776&cid=s_38396_11_f&fid=38396&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dentalabstracts.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0011848610005042%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Considerable resources are expended to restore teeth. Because restorations have a limited lifespan, costly interventions are needed at various points, comprising repairs or even replacements. Each time an intervention is needed, less tooth surface becomes available, eventually resulting in an unrestorable tooth or fracture that requires extraction. This restorative cycle, spiral, or staircase is a common pattern. A balance is required between the benefits and adverse effects of repair and replacement of restorations. The process of analyzing the integrity of a restoration is complex and tends to be subjective. Therefore, there is a large variation in the care provided by different clinicians for the same condition. The current evidence available on the effectiveness of replacing versus rep... Dental Abstracts journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5400776 Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5400776 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5400775&cid=s_38396_11_f&fid=38396&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dentalabstracts.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0011848610005601%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes is an inflammatory bone condition that begins as an infection of the medullary cavity but quickly spreads to the haversian systems and the periosteum of the affected site. However, antibiotics have made the characteristic nonhealing compound fractures of the long bones a thing of the past. Today, osteomyelitis is generally considered a subchronic condition seen in debilitated, immunosuppressed, or medically compromised individuals. Acute osteomyelitis is diagnosed on the basis of time: a maximum of 1 month after symptoms appear it is acute osteomyelitis, thereafter it is chronic osteomyelitis. Presenting features include presence of a virulent infection with intense pain, inflammation, and redness. This could be life-threatening because of the toxic effects of the bacteria, but symptoms c... Dental Abstracts journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5400775 Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5400775 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5400774&cid=s_38396_11_f&fid=38396&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dentalabstracts.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS001184861000498X%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes develops 2 to 4 days after surgery and constitutes a significant postoperative complication of tooth extractions. The incidence rate can be as high as 45% after the extraction of mandibular third molars, but is generally between 1% and 4%. Inconsistencies in defining dry socket and the criteria used for diagnosis have complicated management of the complication. The pathophysiology, etiology, prevention, and recommended treatment for dry socket were presented. (Source: Dental Abstracts) Dental Abstracts journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5400774 Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5400774 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5400773&cid=s_38396_11_f&fid=38396&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dentalabstracts.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0011848611002743%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes More than 50% of the general population has oral malodor, or bad breath. The odor comes from anaerobic bacteria on the tongue that form volatile organic compounds (VOCs). The causes of oral malodor, its assessment, and its management were discussed. (Source: Dental Abstracts) Dental Abstracts journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5400773 Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5400773 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5400772&cid=s_38396_11_f&fid=38396&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dentalabstracts.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0011848611002731%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes The treatment of head and neck cancer with radiotherapy can be complicated by the development of osteoradionecrosis (ORN) of the jaws. However, before cancer treatment, ORN may be prevented or minimized as much as possible through good oral hygiene, careful preventative dental care, and extractions. The optimal dental management of patients before radiotherapy and the possible benefits of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) before extractions for patients who have undergone radiotherapy were detailed. (Source: Dental Abstracts) Dental Abstracts journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5400772 Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5400772 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5400771&cid=s_38396_11_f&fid=38396&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dentalabstracts.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS001184861100272X%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes There are currently no formally approved, evidence-based options for the treatment of oral precancerous lesions. Excision with a carbon dioxide laser can benefit both the diagnosis and the treatment of premalignant oral lesions. Severity of dysplasia is considered one of the most useful prognostic indicators of transformation. Although many clinicians recommend excision only for moderate or severe dysplasia, even mildly dysplastic lesions at high-risk sites in young patients, especially those who continue to smoke or who are unlikely to attend follow-up visits, can benefit from excision. Incisional biopsy may not provide a representative sample of tissue to assess dysplasia or the presence of oral squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), so incisional biopsy specimens may underdiagnose the condition... Dental Abstracts journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5400771 Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5400771 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5400770&cid=s_38396_11_f&fid=38396&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dentalabstracts.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0011848611002706%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Several disease processes can involve the maxillary sinus. Some arise from within the lining of the sinus, some from adjacent paranasal sinuses, some from the nasal space, and some from dental and oral tissues or adjacent bone (). The dentist is often required to make a diagnosis for patients who come with orofacial pain, and some causes will be sinogenic. Dental professionals must be aware of the disease processes that involve the maxillary sinus and should be able to differentiate them from pathologic conditions related to the oral cavity. (Source: Dental Abstracts) Dental Abstracts journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5400770 Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5400770 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5400769&cid=s_38396_11_f&fid=38396&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dentalabstracts.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0011848611003852%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes The neodymium-doped yttrium aluminium garnet (Nd:YAG) laser has proved its ability to remove pocket lining epithelium in humans with moderate periodontitis and served as an adjunct to traditional scaling and root planing (SRP) to accomplish supragingival and subgingival debridement. Thermal injury is minimized by using simultaneous air-water spray for irrigation during laser irradiation. The clinical improvements of the Nd:YAG laser plus water and air coolant used adjunctively to SRP were compared with those with ultrasonic scaling alone. In addition, the number of subgingival microorganisms present after subgingival SRP with or without adjunctive Nd:YAG laser treatment, and the postoperative experiences and patient comfort with these treatment approaches were evaluated. (Source: Dental Ab... Dental Abstracts journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5400769 Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5400769 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5400768&cid=s_38396_11_f&fid=38396&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dentalabstracts.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS001184861100269X%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Lack of vertical bone height because pneumatization (enlargement) of the sinus cavity has been carried out is the primary limitation for standard implant placement in the posterior maxilla. Various techniques allow entry into the cavity and membrane elevation to permit implant placement. The clinical situations in which each technique is most appropriate, the complications that develop, and the success rates were reviewed. (Source: Dental Abstracts) Dental Abstracts journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5400768 Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5400768 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5400767&cid=s_38396_11_f&fid=38396&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dentalabstracts.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0011848611002688%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes The use of herbal supplement appears to be increasing in the United States. In 1990, 2.2% of adult Americans aged ≥18 years used herbal supplements; this increased to about 22% by 2006. The older population and those with medical compromises are reported to have even higher use rates. Many users are unaware of the potential adverse effects of these supplements, and up to 70% of patients do not report their use to their healthcare providers. Herbal supplements are not regulated by the Food and Drug Administration as conventional drugs are, and this increased use has raised concerns among healthcare professionals regarding their safety and efficacy. An initial assessment of the use of herbal supplements among adult dental patients in a U.S. dental clinic was conducted. (Source: Dental Abst... Dental Abstracts journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5400767 Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5400767 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5400766&cid=s_38396_11_f&fid=38396&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dentalabstracts.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0011848611003840%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Headache, especially tension-type headache (TTH), is a complaint expressed by about 40% to 70% of patients who suffer from temporomandibular disorders (TMDs). The occlusal treatment of TMDs can reduce overall headache, TTH, and combined headache, but the exact relationship between TMDs and headache is unclear. Occlusal therapy, including occlusal appliances, positively affects TTH over both the short term and the long term. A stabilization appliance can positively influence the frequency of TTH in patients with TMD pain of both arthrogenous and myogenous origin. A prefabricated occlusal appliance was compared with a stabilization appliance in the treatment of TMDs. The effectiveness of the two appliances with respect to the frequency and intensity of headache in patients with myofascial pa... Dental Abstracts journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5400766 Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5400766 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5400765&cid=s_38396_11_f&fid=38396&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dentalabstracts.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0011848611003815%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Studies show that early carious lesions can be remineralized using fluoride in the form of dietary supplements, topical applications, mouthwashes, and dentifrices, as well as fluoridated community water supplies. Fluoride-containing dentifrices are among the most important reasons for a lower dental caries rate. Although brushing with a fluoridated dentifrice can significantly reduce dental caries, there is also a risk of dental fluorosis, particularly in young children. The most critical period for fluorosis development in the maxillary central incisors is from age 20 to 28 months. Fluoride preventive programs must weigh the risk of fluorosis against maximum anti-caries action. Few studies have tested low fluoride concentration dentifrices on primary teeth for their caries preventive effe... Dental Abstracts journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5400765 Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5400765 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5400764&cid=s_38396_11_f&fid=38396&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dentalabstracts.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0011848611003803%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Multitudes of studies have been investigating the outcomes of nonsurgical root canal treatment (RCTx). The success rates with this approach have been reported to range from 53% to 95%. Review of the investigations reveals inconsistencies in defining and classifying outcomes, which lead to the variability in success rates. An objective quantification of outcome, tooth survival, was used in a report on primary endodontic treatment that culled data from 14 studies, of which 10 were retrospective. Any direct comparison of findings was hindered by substantial differences in study characteristics. Evidence supporting the effect of prognostic factors on tooth survival was weak, but four conditions were noted to significantly improve tooth survival. These were, in descending order of influence, as... Dental Abstracts journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5400764 Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5400764 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5400763&cid=s_38396_11_f&fid=38396&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dentalabstracts.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0011848611003797%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Drooling is most commonly associated with disorders involving the coordination of orofacial and palatolingual muscles and can be present even with low salivary flow rates. Physically, the patient suffers skin irritation around the mouth and soaking of the clothing. Socially, the patient, family, and caregivers can experience distress and reduced quality of life. Patients with neurodegenerative disorders, such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and Parkinson’s disease (PD), can experience drooling and its associated negative effects. Various surgical and nonsurgical approaches have been explored to treat drooling. To date, some are relatively ineffective, and some have significant side effects. Percutaneous injections of botulinum toxin (BTX) into the parotid and submandibular glands ... Dental Abstracts journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5400763 Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5400763 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5400762&cid=s_38396_11_f&fid=38396&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dentalabstracts.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0011848611003773%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Resin composites are the materials of choice to restore cavitated carious lesions. Over the past decade, various subspecies of restorative materials, such as hybrid resin composites, fine hybrid resin composites, nanohybrid resin composites, and nano resin composites have been developed. The most recent ones especially claim to have less polymerization shrinkage, lower shrinkage stress, and higher wear resistance. However, these claims remain largely unproved. Nano hybrid resin composites have demonstrated enamel-like wear properties. Two restorative material systems (a conventional resin composite [Grandio] and a partially nanofilled resin composite [Tetric Ceram]) were used in extended Class II cavities and the results observed for 6 years. (Source: Dental Abstracts) Dental Abstracts journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5400762 Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5400762 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5400761&cid=s_38396_11_f&fid=38396&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dentalabstracts.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0011848611003761%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Dental erosion is the loss of tooth structure as a result of acid dissolving the enamel and dentinal surfaces. The acid may be of intrinsic or extrinsic sources and cause demineralization of the outer enamel and dentin, so that the tooth surface softens and wear results from abrasion and attrition. Dental erosion affects 2% to 18% of the population and the incidence is increasing. This is paralleled by increased consumption of acidic soft drinks, sports drinks, and energy drinks and a significant rise in obesity and diabetes in both children and adults. Although sports drinks were developed to improve the hydration and performance of athletes engaging in intense or endurance sports, most are now marketed to and consumed by persons not involved in these pursuits. Few athletes consume suffic... Dental Abstracts journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5400761 Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5400761 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5400760&cid=s_38396_11_f&fid=38396&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dentalabstracts.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS001184861100375X%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ) is an uncommon occurrence that is primarily seen in patients with cancer who are receiving osteoclast inhibition using high-potency bisphosphonates. Because of this association, the term bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw has been used. Over the course of 3 years, a working definition of ONJ was developed that included exposure to bisphosphonate therapy, but not head and neck irradiation, and cited duration of at least 8 weeks. Using this definition, ONJ was distinguished from osteomyelitis and osteoradionecrosis. As time has passed, further information has been gathered, suggesting that the definition be further refined. (Source: Dental Abstracts) Dental Abstracts journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5400760 Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5400760 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5400759&cid=s_38396_11_f&fid=38396&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dentalabstracts.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0011848611003748%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes HIV-positive dentists in the United Kingdom are obligated to suspend clinical practicing exposure-prone procedures (EPPs) in dentistry practice. Although the risk of transmission to a patient is extremely slim, there is a real risk, as demonstrated by Dr Acer in Florida who infected six patients. This transmission was verified by epidemiologic and laboratory investigations that found no other likely source of HIV for these patients, and their HIV strains closely resembled the DNA sequences of the dentist’s strain. The mode of transmission and the reasons for transmission remain unknown. Since Dr Acer’s time, highly active antiretroviral therapy has produced a decline in mortality and morbidity in patients infected with HIV, enough that HIV/AIDS is considered a chronic illness rather th... Dental Abstracts journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5400759 Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5400759 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5400758&cid=s_38396_11_f&fid=38396&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dentalabstracts.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0011848611003736%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes More than 90% of malignancies of the mouth and maxillofacial region are squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs). The geographic distribution of oral cancer reflects differences in risk factors, specifically, tobacco, areca, alcohol consumption, and quality of diet. However, a substantial minority of cases develop with no traditional risk factors present. Developing countries account for two-thirds of the malignant cases. Most cases occur during the fifth to seventh decades of life, reflecting long exposure to the risk factors identified. Inequities between and within nations with respect to the incidence, mortality, risk factors, and provision of care; gaps in knowledge; and research questions were outlined. (Source: Dental Abstracts) Dental Abstracts journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5400758 Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5400758 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5400757&cid=s_38396_11_f&fid=38396&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dentalabstracts.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0011848611003724%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes The International Association for Dental Research Global Oral Health Inequalities Task Group on Dental Caries reviewed the field to identify inequities in dental caries, identify reasons for the inequities, note gaps in knowledge and/or understanding, reveal reasons while measures shown to be effective clinically or in laboratory settings have not been implemented, identify priorities for basic and applied research, and develop a 5-year research agenda. (Source: Dental Abstracts) Dental Abstracts journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5400757 Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5400757 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5400756&cid=s_38396_11_f&fid=38396&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dentalabstracts.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0011848611001361%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Implant procedures are done by many general dentists who have been trained and have experience with the techniques. Whether it is ethical to allow an untrained general practitioner to observe a periodontist who does implants perform several procedures so that the general practitioner can add that to his or her armamentarium was questioned. (Source: Dental Abstracts) Dental Abstracts journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5400756 Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5400756 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5400755&cid=s_38396_11_f&fid=38396&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dentalabstracts.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0011848611001373%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes To obtain informed consent, the following three conditions must be present: (1) the patient must be able to make a sensible decision and give consent, (2) the consent must be given voluntarily, and (3) the patient must be adequately informed. It is necessary for the patient to receive thorough explanations of the nature and purpose of the recommended treatment and its possible results and risks, as well as alternative treatments with their results and risks. Most surgeons prefer to use the verbal approach to informing patients, but it is easy for the patient to forget most of these explanations if they are not supported by other means. The ability of patients to understand and remember the risks of impacted third molar extraction as outlined in written form before surgery was investigated.... Dental Abstracts journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5400755 Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5400755 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5400754&cid=s_38396_11_f&fid=38396&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dentalabstracts.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS001184861100135X%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Phone book advertising among healthcare professionals is usually a topic for editorials. It has been proffered that younger members of the dental profession would have a more commercial outlook toward practice, including listing their practice in the Yellow Pages. The listings of dental practices in the phone book for San Francisco were evaluated to determine whether this perception is a reality and to note other characteristics of practices that are listed in the Yellow Pages. (Source: Dental Abstracts) Dental Abstracts journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5400754 Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5400754 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5400753&cid=s_38396_11_f&fid=38396&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dentalabstracts.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0011848611004882%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Should the level of bioavailable mercury in the environment become significant, there is the potential to harm both human developmental and neurological systems. Dental offices contribute to the levels of mercury found in municipal water treatment plants. As a result, dental offices are encouraged to take steps to manage their mercury waste. (Source: Dental Abstracts) Dental Abstracts journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5400753 Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5400753 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5400752&cid=s_38396_11_f&fid=38396&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dentalabstracts.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0011848611004870%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Dentists are regularly faced with requests to volunteer their services and/or equipment or to donate financially to local or global oral healthcare efforts. There is a critical need to reduce the global burden of poor oral health and its effects on general health and quality of life. Not only does dental decay affect more than 90% of the world’s population, but in most low- and middle-income countries the majority of the decay remains untreated, usually because of a lack of access to affordable oral healthcare. Volunteering, however, can have negative effects on the host community. Nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) tend to promote a traditional model that focuses on short-term clinical treatment with little follow-through or long-term benefit. The negative effects of this traditional ... Dental Abstracts journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5400752 Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5400752 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5400751&cid=s_38396_11_f&fid=38396&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dentalabstracts.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0011848611004869%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes It has been my honor to address graduating dental students as they embark on their professional careers, including recently the classes of the University of Pennsylvania Dental School and the Arizona School of Dentistry and Oral Health at A. T. Still University. The themes that are important for those just entering the profession, I believe, still apply to those firmly in the trenches of dentistry. (Source: Dental Abstracts) Dental Abstracts journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5400751 Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5400751 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5400750&cid=s_38396_11_f&fid=38396&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dentalabstracts.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0011848611005383%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes (Source: Dental Abstracts) Dental Abstracts journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5400750 Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5400750 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5400749&cid=s_38396_11_f&fid=38396&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dentalabstracts.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0011848611005371%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes (Source: Dental Abstracts) Dental Abstracts journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5400749 Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5400749 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5273873&cid=s_38396_11_f&fid=38396&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dentalabstracts.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0011848611002986%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes For endodontics, conventional radiographic images are limited in their ability to clarify the difference between anatomic landmarks and periapical pathosis, an effect of (1) portraying three-dimensional anatomy in a two-dimensional image, (2) the superimposition of overlying anatomy, and (3) the density of cortical bone. It is often difficult to visualize lesions and juxtaposed structures, particularly features on the buccolingual axis. Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) techniques developed especially for dentistry offer three-dimensional imaging to help in the diagnosis and management of endodontic problems. The accuracy of simulated endodontic complications in images obtained with conventional radiographs and with CBCT was investigated. (Source: Dental Abstracts) Dental Abstracts journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5273873 Thu, 01 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5273873 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5273872&cid=s_38396_11_f&fid=38396&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dentalabstracts.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0011848611002974%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Some practitioners believe that when there is a single posterior bounded edentulous space (BES), the missing posterior tooth may lead to arch collapse as the adjacent and unopposed teeth move. Various prosthetic treatments such as fixed bridges and implant-supported crowns have been used to replace the missing tooth and restore esthetics and function. The actual impact of tooth extraction on occlusion and long-term occlusal stability remains unknown. Whether or not the missing tooth must be replaced is not yet clear. The available evidence pertinent to the presumed migration of teeth related to a posterior BES was reviewed, noting its quality and strength, and a decision-tree-like approach was developed to help in clinical decision making. (Source: Dental Abstracts) Dental Abstracts journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5273872 Thu, 01 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5273872 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5273871&cid=s_38396_11_f&fid=38396&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dentalabstracts.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0011848611002949%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes The rates of dental disease among Indigenous Australian children are disproportionately high. In addition, over the past 15 years, the rates of caries among Indigenous Australian children have increased, whereas those among non-Indigenous children have decreased. Disparities in health are particularly notable in the preschool years and in geographically remote areas. Fluoride varnish can effectively reduce levels of decay. This treatment combined with parental counseling in diet and oral hygiene, both of which can be performed by nondental personnel in primary care settings, formed the crux of a preventive dental program designed to target underserved families and communities. When preparing for the implementation of this program with Indigenous Australian communities, it was learned that ... Dental Abstracts journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5273871 Thu, 01 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5273871 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5273870&cid=s_38396_11_f&fid=38396&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dentalabstracts.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0011848611002962%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Dental plaque is a causative factor in both gingivitis and periodontitis, although the exact link between these two disorders remains to be clarified. Tooth loss can result from periodontal disease. Good oral hygiene, involving the removal of plaque, plays a key role in oral health, preventing both periodontal disease and caries. Effective toothbrushing requires motivation, knowledge, and manual dexterity. Powered toothbrushes were designed to simulate the manual motion of nonpowered toothbrushes but require less effort on the patient’s part. Whether certain powered toothbrushes are better at removing plaque and reducing gingivitis than others was investigated through a literature search. (Source: Dental Abstracts) Dental Abstracts journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5273870 Thu, 01 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5273870 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5273869&cid=s_38396_11_f&fid=38396&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dentalabstracts.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0011848611001725%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes “Temporomandibular disorders” (TMDs) is a collective term that covers a multitude of clinical problems of the masticatory muscles, tempromandibular joint (TMJ), and related structures. Most of the previously published data support an association between patients having motor vehicle collisions (MVCs) and the occurrence of TMDs. Dentists can recognize, diagnose, and manage injuries and pain after trauma sustained in MVCs. (Source: Dental Abstracts) Dental Abstracts journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5273869 Thu, 01 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5273869 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5273868&cid=s_38396_11_f&fid=38396&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dentalabstracts.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0011848611001695%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Diagnosing periodontal disease has been based on the results of checking bleeding on probing, pocket depth, clinical attachment loss, plaque index, and radiographs of bone loss. Although easy to use, relatively noninvasive, and reliable, these clinical measures involve significant time, cost, and professional expertise, prompting a search for other chairside measures to help in diagnosis and monitoring. Tests of saliva have been especially attractive because this is an abundant diagnostic fluid that can be obtained rapidly and through noninvasive means. The usefulness of biomarkers in saliva is complicated by the possibility that they may also indicate systemic inflammation caused by chronic inflammatory diseases. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disease that destroys so... Dental Abstracts journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5273868 Thu, 01 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5273868 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5273867&cid=s_38396_11_f&fid=38396&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dentalabstracts.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0011848611001683%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Periodontal disease and diabetes mellitus (DM) seem to share a two-way relationship, with the status of one affecting the status of the other. Inadequately controlled DM places a patient at higher risk for periodontal disease, and resolving periodontal disease can improve metabolic control. It was hypothesized that periodontal treatment of patients with DM will improve glycemic control by reducing the local infection and/or inflammation. The improvement would be reflected by the glycosylated hemoglobin (A1C) level. (Source: Dental Abstracts) Dental Abstracts journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5273867 Thu, 01 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5273867 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5273866&cid=s_38396_11_f&fid=38396&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dentalabstracts.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0011848611001671%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Diabetes is a serious systemic condition that affects an increasingly larger segment of the U.S. population. Not only does diabetes cause retinopathy, nephropathy, and impaired cell-mediated immunity, but it is an important risk factor for hypertension, atherosclerotic heart disease/coronary heart disease, peripheral vascular disease, congestive heart failure, and cerebrovascular disease. It is also associated with several other physical conditions, including poor wound healing. Strict glycemic control has been emphasized for its positive effect on wound healing. However, the duration of diabetes, rather than preoperative plasma glucose levels or glycosylated hemoglobin (A1c) level, has been identified as a significant predictor of implant failure. Thus, chronic glycemic control may be a b... Dental Abstracts journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5273866 Thu, 01 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5273866 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5273865&cid=s_38396_11_f&fid=38396&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dentalabstracts.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0011848611002895%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes The conventional method for managing caries excavation is the use of a rotary bur. However, this highly efficient low-cost technique generates considerable noise and vibration. An erbium laser beam is a relatively new method, not yet widely used, that is quieter and vibrates less. It may also be less painful, reducing the need for local anesthesia. When the laser beam encounters the tooth surface, light is absorbed by water molecules in the dental hard-tissues, thus they heat up quickly, and then subsequently vaporize. This reaction creates a high localized pressure and a microexplosion that ablates the dental hard-tissue. Both rotary burs and lasers can raise the temperature and increase the risk of thermal injury to the pulp. For the erbium lasers, peak surface temperature during ablatio... Dental Abstracts journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5273865 Thu, 01 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5273865 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5273864&cid=s_38396_11_f&fid=38396&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dentalabstracts.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0011848611002883%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Professional burnout can result from chronic work-related stress. It includes three defining dimensions: emotional exhaustion (EE), development of a negative or cynical attitude toward patients or clients called depersonalization (DP), and the tendency to assess oneself negatively, termed diminished personal accomplishment (PA). Physical exhaustion may also occur, but the key aspect of professional burnout involves the depleted emotional component. Various investigations in several countries have found high levels of burnout among 11% to 16% of dentists, making it a serious risk for the dental profession. Work-related stressors for dentists include difficult patient contacts, organizational management, time pressure, government or insurance restrictions, and lack of clinical challenge. A w... Dental Abstracts journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5273864 Thu, 01 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5273864 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5273863&cid=s_38396_11_f&fid=38396&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dentalabstracts.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0011848610005716%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Failure of osseointegration is attributable to multiple factors such as anatomic conditions, systemic health, genetic disposition, immune function, and behavioral factors. Sometimes implants are contraindicated in patients because of the increased risk for implant failure. Special care is needed for patients who have autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and connective tissue disease (CTD), both of which can affect hard- and soft-tissue structures. The effect of systemic autoimmune bone and soft-tissue disease on the survival and success rates of osseointegrated implants was explored, focusing on whether the presence of such disease should be an absolute contraindication for dental implant placement. (Source: Dental Abstracts) Dental Abstracts journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5273863 Thu, 01 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5273863 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5273862&cid=s_38396_11_f&fid=38396&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dentalabstracts.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0011848611001658%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Emergency department (ED) visits are often the primary source of care for acute dental problems among populations lacking private health insurance. However, ED physicians usually treat patients on the basis of their personal experience rather than evidence-based research. In the case of dental conditions, especially those of pulpal origin, the care provided often consists solely of antibiotics with no surgical intervention to treat the localized infection, which is an inappropriate response to such disorders. In about 17% of cases, patients have received at least one “potentially inappropriate medication” and expressed a preference for one-on-one care from a dentist rather than from the ED. Finally, the ED is not only highly inefficient in delivering emergency dental care but costs con... Dental Abstracts journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5273862 Thu, 01 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5273862 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5273861&cid=s_38396_11_f&fid=38396&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dentalabstracts.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0011848611001622%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Few studies have examined the role of endodontic involvement in tooth loss. Studies have noted that root canal filled (RCF) teeth are lost significantly more often than teeth not receiving root canal treatment (RCT). In addition, periapical involvement has been linked to a higher risk of tooth loss. However, it is rarely considered a separate cause of tooth loss, but rather is usually classified as a sequel to dental caries. The relationships between endodontic involvement and tooth loss, with consideration of periapical lesions, were investigated. (Source: Dental Abstracts) Dental Abstracts journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5273861 Thu, 01 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5273861 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5273860&cid=s_38396_11_f&fid=38396&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dentalabstracts.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0011848611002858%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Over the past 25 years, the incidence of perioperative dental damage related to general anesthesia has been between 0.01% and 0.1% of patients. The risk factors for this damage include preexisting dental and periodontal damage. Dental damage is the most frequent medicolegal claim made against anesthesiologists. A retrospective analysis of data obtained between 1990 and 2004 at one hospital was performed. (Source: Dental Abstracts) Dental Abstracts journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5273860 Thu, 01 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5273860 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5273859&cid=s_38396_11_f&fid=38396&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dentalabstracts.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0011848611002846%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes The controversy over dental amalgam centers on its mercury content and what that could mean for a person’s health. To date, no published research has reported evidence that dental amalgam has any adverse effects on health except in the rare case of mercury allergy. However, individuals self-report reactions to dental amalgam that include nonspecific emotional, somatic, and cognitive symptoms. Among the more common reactions noted are memory disturbance, fatigue, muscle and joint pain, dizziness, headache, lack of concentration, and general anxiety. Patients who report these symptoms as being associated with amalgam also have a high degree of psychiatric comorbidity such as somatization, anxiety disorders, and depression. For these patients, who are believed to have difficulty expressing ... Dental Abstracts journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5273859 Thu, 01 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5273859 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5273858&cid=s_38396_11_f&fid=38396&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dentalabstracts.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0011848611003013%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Science says that love can lower blood pressure, reduce depression, and speed healing. Julianne Holt-Lunstad of Brigham Young University, says, “Our relationships help us cope with stress, so if we have someone we can turn to for emotional support or advice, that can buffer the negative effects of stress.” In 2007, the Department of Health and Human Services published a 68-page report that essentially said married people are happier, live longer, drink less, and have fewer appointments of doctors than unmarried people. But few studies consider the quality of the marriage union. Holt-Lunstad found that happily married people have lower blood pressure than unmarried people, but unhappily married couples have higher blood pressure than either of the other groups. Loving spouses tend to en... Dental Abstracts journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5273858 Thu, 01 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5273858 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5273857&cid=s_38396_11_f&fid=38396&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dentalabstracts.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0011848611001592%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Tooth sensitivity can be a challenging problem. Should a patient report cold sensitivity, for example, in the maxillary right second molar, the clinician’s best approach is a stepwise move from noninvasive to minimally invasive methods. (Source: Dental Abstracts) Dental Abstracts journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5273857 Thu, 01 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5273857 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5273856&cid=s_38396_11_f&fid=38396&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dentalabstracts.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0011848611001580%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Many tooth bleaching agents are available, making it difficult for consumers to choose which one will provide the most effective and longest-lasting results. The gold standard treatment for discolored teeth is at-home dentist-supervised tooth bleaching using 10% carbamide peroxide (CP) gel and custom trays. This approach provides ease of use, reduced chair time, and a low incidence of tooth sensitivity and gingival irritation. However, new products are constantly being added, often with higher concentrations of hydrogen peroxide-containing agents. Unfortunately, these are often associated with a higher incidence of tooth sensitivity or gingival irritation. Few randomized clinical trials measure the longevity of whitening for more than 1 year after treatment. A 10% and a 16% product were c... Dental Abstracts journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5273856 Thu, 01 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5273856 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5273855&cid=s_38396_11_f&fid=38396&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dentalabstracts.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS001184861000395X%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Severe inflammatory lesions of the pulp and pulp necrosis may develop in cases with deep caries lesions. A stepwise approach to caries excavation rather than direct complete excavation was suggested as an alternative that may diminish the risk of pulp exposure and increase the chances of the pulp healing. Stepwise excavation and direct complete excavation were compared, along with direct pulp capping and partial pulpotomy, in randomized clinical trials. (Source: Dental Abstracts) Dental Abstracts journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5273855 Thu, 01 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5273855 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5273854&cid=s_38396_11_f&fid=38396&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dentalabstracts.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0011848610003948%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes In atraumatic restorative treatment (ART), highly-softened carious enamel and dentin are removed using hand instruments, after which adhesive restorative material is used to restore the cavity. The procedure is known to be minimally invasive by nature and was developed for use in lesser industrialized areas of the world. However, it is currently being accepted in developed countries as a part of the minimum intervention philosophy. High-viscosity glass ionomer cement (GIC) is the material of choice for ART restorations. GIC can be applied in early stages of caries or in larger cavities and it is known to simplify the restorative process. The hand instruments are used to remove the caries-infected dentin following which a seal is created between the GIC and the remaining enamel margin and c... Dental Abstracts journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5273854 Thu, 01 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5273854 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5273853&cid=s_38396_11_f&fid=38396&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dentalabstracts.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0011848611001543%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Both dental implants and peri-implant tissues are susceptible to inflammatory lesions similar to those that develop around natural teeth. Peri-implantitis occurs in 28% to 56% of patients and 12% to 43% of implant sites, similar to the figures for chronic periodontitis in natural teeth. Oral biofilms form on the surfaces of both dental implants and natural teeth. These are the primary cause of both periodontal and peri-implant lesions. Inhibiting these biofilms may help prevent and manage such disorders. Toothbrushing and flossing are the primary methods of removing the oral biofilm, but because most people are less than perfect in their technique, toothpastes are supplemented with chemotherapeutic agents to aid oral hygiene efforts. Triclosan is an antimicrobial agent often combined with ... Dental Abstracts journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5273853 Thu, 01 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5273853 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5273852&cid=s_38396_11_f&fid=38396&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dentalabstracts.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0011848611001531%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes As children grow older, they adapt their expression of pain to cultural norms, so that their responses tend to be less than their actual pain experience. Younger children are not so conditioned and perceive pain more efficiently and are more expressive about it. Clinicians therefore cannot simply observe pain responses and accurately gauge a child’s pain experience. Pain measurement methods are needed to help determine the level of intervention required. In addition, these measurements help avoid any bias involved with interpreting pain behavior. Pain justification, a complex mental process that requires continuous intuitive estimation of the child’s sensitivity to pain, potential pain from a planned procedure, and probability of risks and complications related to interventions to mana... Dental Abstracts journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5273852 Thu, 01 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5273852 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5273851&cid=s_38396_11_f&fid=38396&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dentalabstracts.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0011848611001464%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Soft-tissue injuries often accompany traumatic dental injuries, with an estimated 63% of patients treated in emergency departments of hospitals for oral trauma resulting from a lip injury. The teeth or the impacting object may directly cause such lip injuries, but in either case, the physician should look for possible displacement of tooth fragments into the soft-tissue area. In addition, dental injuries can be overlooked in emergency situations. A case highlighting the importance of being alert to such injuries in orofacial trauma patients was presented. (Source: Dental Abstracts) Dental Abstracts journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5273851 Thu, 01 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5273851 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5273850&cid=s_38396_11_f&fid=38396&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dentalabstracts.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0011848610004978%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes During the combat phases of military deployment, it is important to address the development of disease and nonbattle injury. These rates increase during combat compared with peacetime. Pericoronitis was the cause of 13% and 19%of dental emergencies among United Kingdom and US military personnel, respectively, during the 2003 Gulf Conflict. Military medical services are required to reduce nonbattle injury so as to diminish suffering and to enhance the operational effectiveness of the troops. Dental facilities cannot always be close to areas of operation, especially in a nonconventional conflict like that in Afghanistan or Iraq. Travel to a dental facility also presents a significant risk. The prevalence and details of third molar morbidity and associated complications in military personnel ... Dental Abstracts journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5273850 Thu, 01 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5273850 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5273849&cid=s_38396_11_f&fid=38396&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dentalabstracts.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0011848610004966%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes The minimal approach advocated in dentistry is designed to involve the least amount of trauma to the tooth and the patient, reduce postoperative complications, and increase long-term success. The question that arises is whether oral surgery can follow the trend applied to other dental specialties. Coronectomy is a conservative oral surgical procedure. The rationale for this procedure and how it fits into the conservative pattern of modern dentistry remain to be controversial. The ability of coronectomy to avoid injury to the inferior dental nerve (IDN) during the removal of a mandibular third molar (MTM) and the consequences of leaving behind a root were discussed. (Source: Dental Abstracts) Dental Abstracts journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5273849 Thu, 01 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5273849 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5273848&cid=s_38396_11_f&fid=38396&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dentalabstracts.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0011848610005595%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes s can result from local or systemic conditions, even serving as the first indication of a systemic disease. The broad categories of trauma, inflammation, infection, metabolic disease, neoplasm, and idiopathic conditions () should be considered as etiologic possibilities. A clinical case illustrating an approach to diagnosing and treating swollen lip was offered. (Source: Dental Abstracts) Dental Abstracts journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5273848 Thu, 01 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5273848 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5273847&cid=s_38396_11_f&fid=38396&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dentalabstracts.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0011848610004954%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes The risk of recurrent stroke is higher among persons who have suffered a stroke or a transient ischemic attack (TIA), as compared with the risk of the first stroke. This increased risk may remain for a maximum of 1 year after the stroke or TIA, with as many as 70% of recurrent episodes occurring within 1 month. It has been recommended, on the basis of this increased risk, that elective dental care should be delayed for a minimum of 6 months after a stroke, TIA, or reversible ischemic neurologic defect. However, studies now show that the risk for recurrent cerebrovascular (CrbV) events is only partly the result of cardiovascular (CV) causes, with most of the risk related to pulmonary complications associated with aspiration. Thus, the risk for CV complications of dental treatment is not as ... Dental Abstracts journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5273847 Thu, 01 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5273847 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5273846&cid=s_38396_11_f&fid=38396&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dentalabstracts.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0011848611001440%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes It is not clear whether dental implants in patients who undergo oral cancer therapy suffer a shorter survival rate because of the treatment. After surgical removal of oral malignancies, patients often undergo either radiotherapy or chemotherapy or both. Irradiated sites are more susceptible to tissue necrosis, which may lead to implant loss, than nonirradiated sites (). However, the data do not clearly indicate that dental implants cannot osseointegrate and remain functionally stable even after the patient has oral cancer therapy. Therefore, an investigation was undertaken to assess the implant survival rate after oral cancer therapy. (Source: Dental Abstracts) Dental Abstracts journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5273846 Thu, 01 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5273846 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5273845&cid=s_38396_11_f&fid=38396&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dentalabstracts.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0011848611002676%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Because of its ability to dissolve organic soft-tissue in the root canal system and its strength as an antimicrobial agent, sodium hypochlorite is the most commonly used irrigant in endodontic treatment. Its drawback is the fact that its contact with vital tissues can produce severe inflammation and tissue necrosis, with complications ranging from minor discomfort to severe tissue necrosis and nerve damage. Four patients who had extensive damage after sodium hypochlorite extrusion into soft-tissues during endodontic treatment were reported. (Source: Dental Abstracts) Dental Abstracts journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5273845 Thu, 01 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5273845 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5273844&cid=s_38396_11_f&fid=38396&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dentalabstracts.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0011848611002664%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Increased periodontal probing depth and increased residual biofilms and calculus are related. A common area where residual biofilm and calculus are seen after scaling and root planing (SRP) is the cementoenamel junction (CEJ), despite the fact that this area is readily accessible in most cases. Factors that may contribute to this accumulation at the CEJ include the anatomical relationships of enamel, dentin, and cementum at this site; the role of CEJ anatomy itself; and the biologic and clinical implications of subgingival residual biofilm and calculus. (Source: Dental Abstracts) Dental Abstracts journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5273844 Thu, 01 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5273844 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5273843&cid=s_38396_11_f&fid=38396&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dentalabstracts.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0011848611002652%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Significant disparities still exist with respect to the oral health status of children in the United States. Compared with their more affluent peers, children in low-income families have higher prevalence rates of dental caries and unmet dental treatment needs. Similar trends are found between non-Hispanic white children and African American and Latino children. Use of dental services is much greater for privately insured children than for those on Medicaid or uninsured children. Various public and private entities have reexamined factors related to poor oral health and low use of oral health services. Their findings, conclusions, and recommendations have prompted several proposals to improve children’s oral health and oral healthcare delivery. However, nearly all lack a strategic framew... Dental Abstracts journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5273843 Thu, 01 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5273843 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5273842&cid=s_38396_11_f&fid=38396&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dentalabstracts.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0011848611002603%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Among the professional designations in dentistry are the academic degrees, honorary degrees, honorary fellowships, and many other legal or commercial honors. The appropriate, ethic use of such designations is governed by how the public in general will likely respond to the impression made by an advertisement containing them. They should not be used in a confusing or misleading way, misrepresenting facts, omitting facts, creating an unjustified expectation about possible results, or implying or stating that one’s services are better than those of other dentists without reasonable substantiation. An unearned academic degree or a nonhealth degree may be considered as a misleading advertisement. (Source: Dental Abstracts) Dental Abstracts journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5273842 Thu, 01 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5273842 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5273841&cid=s_38396_11_f&fid=38396&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dentalabstracts.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0011848611002597%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes The question is asked whether a general dentist can deliver injections of onabotulinumtoxinA. In the specific case cited, the dentist had been a registered medical technologist and worked for several years in a hospital. Additionally, he had taken a 4-hour course in cosmetic and dermal filler injections. The state dental board was silent about dentists performing such procedures. This situation must be analyzed from a legal and an ethical viewpoint. An additional consideration is related to malpractice coverage. (Source: Dental Abstracts) Dental Abstracts journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5273841 Thu, 01 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5273841 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5273840&cid=s_38396_11_f&fid=38396&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dentalabstracts.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0011848611002585%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes In today’s economy, new and unprecedented patient behaviors have developed. Consumers are being more judicious about choosing when and where to spend. They have also seen that it is possible to negotiate prices through online auctions, and so forth. Thus, it is possible that a patient may approach the dentist or staff and ask for a discount on the treatment fees. (Source: Dental Abstracts) Dental Abstracts journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5273840 Thu, 01 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5273840 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5273839&cid=s_38396_11_f&fid=38396&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dentalabstracts.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0011848611002573%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes The cost of losing a good employee is often underestimated in dental practices. Fallout can include stress, the need to use valuable time to train a replacement, the need to hire a temporary worker, decline in practice performance for several months, adverse effects on remaining employees, dissatisfaction among patients, and the possibility that other employees will also walk away. The annual revenue in a dental practice can fall up to 10% when a single good employee leaves. As a result, it is important to develop strategies for retaining good employees. (Source: Dental Abstracts) Dental Abstracts journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5273839 Thu, 01 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5273839 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5273838&cid=s_38396_11_f&fid=38396&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dentalabstracts.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0011848611003669%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Why do dentists change their clinical practice patterns? How do they decide which changes are beneficial to patients? New knowledge comes from continuing education courses, professional journal articles, interactions with professional colleagues, advertising, and other sources, but it is important to scrutinize the validity of the information and not simply accept it. One estimate says that each day the biomedical literature presents 75 trials and 11 systematic reviews, so it is imperative that practitioners be selective and knowledgeable about where and how information is obtained. The question arises as to whether all health care professionals have the skill to sort through these massive amounts of information and determine what is valuable and what is not. As far as what changes are ben... Dental Abstracts journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5273838 Thu, 01 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5273838 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5273837&cid=s_38396_11_f&fid=38396&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dentalabstracts.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0011848611003657%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes In a dental career, one makes many transitions, beginning with the academic movement from student to resident to practitioner or teacher. Within academic environments, the student’s goal is clearly identified, but outside of them, there is usually no mentor to define what path should be taken. Few objective measures exist outside of traditional educational situations, yet the dentist is encouraged to progress in skills and knowledge throughout his or her dental career. To ensure that this occurs, it is important to develop first the mentoring relationships and then later collegial relationships so that dentists continue to grow and learn what is needed. (Source: Dental Abstracts) Dental Abstracts journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5273837 Thu, 01 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5273837 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5273836&cid=s_38396_11_f&fid=38396&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dentalabstracts.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0011848611003645%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes In 2000, in the landmark report Oral Health in America, U.S. Surgeon General Dr. David Satcher brought poor oral health and its significant health risks to the attention of the American public and the public health community calling it a “silent epidemic” affecting disadvantaged groups across the United States. (Source: Dental Abstracts) Dental Abstracts journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5273836 Thu, 01 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5273836 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5273835&cid=s_38396_11_f&fid=38396&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dentalabstracts.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0011848611004213%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes (Source: Dental Abstracts) Dental Abstracts journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5273835 Thu, 01 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5273835 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5273834&cid=s_38396_11_f&fid=38396&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dentalabstracts.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0011848611004201%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes (Source: Dental Abstracts) Dental Abstracts journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5273834 Thu, 01 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5273834 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5020835&cid=s_38396_11_f&fid=38396&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dentalabstracts.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0011848611001762%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Composite resins are subject to the degrading effects of wear in the oral cavity. In addition to exposure to saliva and food and drink components, they suffer changes in temperature, chewing forces, and biofilm effects. Wear will make composite surfaces roughen, lose microhardness, and suffer filler particle exposure or matrix swelling. Relayering, which is bonding one composite layer onto an existing one, can repair composite restorations; however, the effects of biofilm on composite-to-composite bonding are unknown. Surface-conditioning methods can be applied to improve bonding. These include intermediate adhesive resin (IAR) application and silica coating (SC) followed by silanization and IAR application. Aging and composite type alter the efficacy of these surface-conditioning methods,... Dental Abstracts journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5020835 Thu, 30 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5020835 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5020834&cid=s_38396_11_f&fid=38396&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dentalabstracts.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0011848611001750%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes How evidence is produced is an important concern, especially with recent examples of serious scientific misconduct. Although dentistry has really only one glaring example of such misconduct (the Norwegian doctor and dentist Jon Sudbø), other examples are likely to exist, with the exposed cases representing just the tip of the iceberg. A survey of 2347 U.S. scientists funded by the National Institutes of Health reported that about 16% caved in to pressure from funding sources and changed their design, methods, or results and 10% withheld details of methods or results. The extent of the problem, digital forensics contributions, and steps that might reduce scientific misconduct are outlined. (Source: Dental Abstracts) Dental Abstracts journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5020834 Thu, 30 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5020834 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5020833&cid=s_38396_11_f&fid=38396&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dentalabstracts.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0011848611001737%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Acetaminophen or N-acetyl-p-aminophenol (APAP) is widely used as an analgesic and antipyretic medication for children and adults. This extensive use has been based on its relative safety, effectiveness, and affordability. Few contraindications have been raised to its use. However, in June 2009, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) raised concern about the potential toxic effects of APAP on the liver and advised revision of the labeling warnings for APAP products. Overdoses of APAP from both over-the-counter (OTC) and prescription products were an issue. These reportedly caused thousands of patient visits to emergency departments. A literature review was conducted to determine what impact the FDA's concerns could have on dental practice. (Source: Dental Abstracts) Dental Abstracts journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5020833 Thu, 30 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5020833 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5020832&cid=s_38396_11_f&fid=38396&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dentalabstracts.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0011848610005224%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Periodontitis is found more often among elderly patients than among younger and middle-aged persons. It should also become more prevalent among elderly persons in future because many of these individuals are maintaining their own teeth later in life than was previously seen in elderly persons. To serve public health interests, it is important to monitor the oral health and geographic distributions of the population. This allows for more accurate estimates of the need for treatment, preventive dental programs, and the adequate delivery of care. The periodontal condition of elderly persons in Finland was described using a nationally representative sample. (Source: Dental Abstracts) Dental Abstracts journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5020832 Thu, 30 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5020832 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5020831&cid=s_38396_11_f&fid=38396&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dentalabstracts.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0011848610005789%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes The cause of tongue pain (glossodynia) can be local, systemic, or psychological, making its management complex and controversial. Treatment can be further complicated if symptoms do not improve after the initial trial and examinations. Reports have linked the incidence and treatment of distorted taste (dysgeusia) in patients with glossodynia and serum concentrations of zinc, copper, and other substances. The roles of serum concentrations of zinc, vitamin B12, folic acid, and copper and of systemic diseases in patients with tongue pain who experienced no improvement after the first treatment attempts were investigated. (Source: Dental Abstracts) Dental Abstracts journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5020831 Thu, 30 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5020831 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5020830&cid=s_38396_11_f&fid=38396&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dentalabstracts.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0011848611001713%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes After a motor vehicle collision (MVC), subjects should be evaluated for the presence of possible dental, oral, and jaw-related injuries in addition to the medical evaluation and treatment. Persons should be carefully questioned about any new symptoms affecting the head, neck, or dentition as well as the details of the MVC relative to orofacial areas. Careful extraoral and intraoral examinations are then conducted. If the history or physical examination reveals hard-tissue involvement, appropriate diagnostic imaging is indicated. Magnetic resonance imaging is used for possible soft-tissue injuries. If the subject is missing crowns, prostheses, or teeth, radiographs of the periapical tissues, chest, abdomen, and perioral soft-tissues are also needed. If the mandible or maxilla is fractured, ... Dental Abstracts journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5020830 Thu, 30 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5020830 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5020829&cid=s_38396_11_f&fid=38396&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dentalabstracts.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0011848610005777%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Studies have linked periodontitis with various cardiovascular and autoimmune diseases. The relationship could reflect the disease predisposing to periodontitis, the periodontitis predisposing to the disease, coincidental findings related to an unknown confounding factor, or periodontitis causing the disease only when combined with a confounding factor. All these mechanisms may also be present to various degrees. The fact remains that any link between systemic disease and periodontitis has important implications for treatment and prevention. To avoid selection bias, which could skew the results of studies focused on links between periodontitis and other diseases, the existence of relationships between periodontitis and cardiovascular and autoimmune diseases was investigated using randomly s... Dental Abstracts journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5020829 Thu, 30 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5020829 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5020828&cid=s_38396_11_f&fid=38396&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dentalabstracts.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0011848610005170%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Mastication promotes and preserves general health, particularly cognitive function. Mastication increases cortical blood flow and activates many cortical areas of the somatosensory, supplementary motor, and insular cortices, along with the striatum, thalamus, and cerebellum. When subjects chewed immediately before a cognitive task, blood oxygen levels increased in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus while they worked. This is essential for learning and memory and improves performance on the task itself. Thus, mastication may provide a drug-free, simple method for preventing senile dementia and stress-related disorders that often are accompanied by cognitive dysfunction such as impaired spatial memory and amnesia. Having fewer teeth, using dentures infrequently, and small maximal biting f... Dental Abstracts journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5020828 Thu, 30 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5020828 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5020827&cid=s_38396_11_f&fid=38396&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dentalabstracts.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0011848610005169%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Diabetes mellitus affects the metabolism of carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins, with hyperglycemia as a major feature. This is a group of disorders caused by a deficiency in insulin secretion that is produced by pancreatic β-cell dysfunction and/or insulin resistance in the liver and muscle. Over 9% of the US population is affected, but many cases remain undiagnosed. Rates are increasing globally, with younger patients being affected more often than before. Type 1 diabetes results from cellular-mediated autoimmune destruction of the pancreatic β-cells, whereas type 2 diabetes is caused by the resistance to insulin coupled with the failure to produce sufficient insulin to compensate for this resistance. Obesity contributes to type 2 diabetes. Metabolic control is an essential aspect of t... Dental Abstracts journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5020827 Thu, 30 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5020827 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5020826&cid=s_38396_11_f&fid=38396&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dentalabstracts.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS001184861100166X%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Tooth extractions are considered to be highly distressing for many people, being ranked in the top five most fear-evoking treatment procedures in dentistry. Third molar removal is the most common potentially distressing surgical procedure performed in oral and maxillofacial surgery. Some patients even develop symptoms indicative of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), which typically follows only life-threatening events, such as witnessing or being the victim of rape, assault, or a disaster. Distressing or traumatic experiences can make patients vulnerable, increasing the risk of long-standing dental anxiety and trauma-related symptoms. One study of 34 patients has investigated possible risk factors for developing anxiety or PTSD symptoms after third molar removal. The emotional impact of... Dental Abstracts journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5020826 Thu, 30 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5020826 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5020825&cid=s_38396_11_f&fid=38396&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dentalabstracts.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0011848610005704%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Dental implants are widely used, and they have prompted the introduction of many new products. In choosing products, the dentist should consider longevity and esthetic acceptability as some of the most important objectives to be met. Metal abutments have been used for more years than ceramic abutments; therefore, there is more documentation concerning the performance of metals. The long-term success and complications associated with the two types of abutments and the suitability of each with respect to patients’ demands for esthetics were evaluated in a meta-analysis covering 29 studies with a minimum mean follow-up of 3 years. (Source: Dental Abstracts) Dental Abstracts journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5020825 Thu, 30 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5020825 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5020824&cid=s_38396_11_f&fid=38396&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dentalabstracts.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0011848611001646%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Although nearly 75% of infants in the United States are breastfed to some extent, infant formula remains a major source of nutrition during the child’s first year. Reconstituted infant formula depends largely on the fluoride content of the water component, which is most often tap water. Ingesting fluoride during critical periods of tooth development may produce a range of visually detectable changes in enamel opacity, called enamel fluorosis. The risk of developing enamel fluorosis from ingesting fluoride in reconstituted infant formula is as yet unknown. An evaluation of the relevant scientific evidence that clinicians need to make recommendations regarding the use of reconstituted formula in infants from birth until the age of 12 months was presented. (Source: Dental Abstracts) Dental Abstracts journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5020824 Thu, 30 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5020824 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5020823&cid=s_38396_11_f&fid=38396&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dentalabstracts.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0011848611001634%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Clinical decision support tools such as evidence-based clinical practice guidelines have been developed to facilitate the transfer of scientific findings into clinicians’ treatment planning process. However, evidence informs patient care only about 50% of the time, even when the best practices are well known and documented. Changes throughout the healthcare delivery system are needed to encourage dentists to incorporate current scientific evidence into their treatment plan designs. Barriers to change are related to patients, healthcare provider teams, and healthcare organizations. Often the presumed barriers are based on opinion rather than empirical research. Which barriers to implementing evidence-based treatments are perceived by practicing dentists to be most common in their practice... Dental Abstracts journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5020823 Thu, 30 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5020823 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5020822&cid=s_38396_11_f&fid=38396&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dentalabstracts.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0011848611001610%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Both implants and endodontically restored teeth provide quality care and good function for patients. However, the long-term predictability of endodontically treated teeth can be influenced by many poorly understood preoperative clinical factors. Further information is needed regarding factors that affect the decision to restore a tooth or extract it and use an implant. (Source: Dental Abstracts) Dental Abstracts journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5020822 Thu, 30 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5020822 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5020821&cid=s_38396_11_f&fid=38396&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dentalabstracts.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0011848611001609%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Dental erosion is the pathologic loss of dental hard tissue as a result of the chemical influence of acids, intrinsic or extrinsic, without bacteria being involved. Wine is an extrinsic factor that can cause dental erosion because of its fruit-acid content, especially tartaric and malic acid, and its low concentration of phosphorus and calcium ions. The prevalence and severity of dental erosion in professional wine tasters were investigated. (Source: Dental Abstracts) Dental Abstracts journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5020821 Thu, 30 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5020821 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5020820&cid=s_38396_11_f&fid=38396&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dentalabstracts.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0011848611001798%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Depending on your age, a myriad of health concerns can interfere with sleep. They can be roughly divided into problems by the decades. In the 20s and 30s, 5% to 10% of new moms develop postpartum thyroiditis. It usually begins as mild hyperthyroidism that revs you up and causes insomnia, but then it progresses to hypothyroidism where body functions slow down and you feel tired all the time. Moms who are too jumpy to sleep or extremely fatigued after childbirth should consult their doctor. (Source: Dental Abstracts) Dental Abstracts journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5020820 Thu, 30 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5020820 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5020819&cid=s_38396_11_f&fid=38396&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dentalabstracts.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0011848610003894%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Epinephrine is commonly used in the management of anaphylaxis and cardiac arrest. In dental practice, epinephrine is added as a vasoconstrictor to many local anesthetics. This blunts the vasodilatory effect of these anesthetics, which could otherwise cause bleeding at the injection site and too rapid absorption of the anesthetic into the bloodstream, which not only shortens its effectiveness but also produces higher and potentially dangerous plasma levels of the anesthetic. The effects of epinephrine in normal and cardiac patients were reviewed. (Source: Dental Abstracts) Dental Abstracts journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5020819 Thu, 30 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5020819 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5020818&cid=s_38396_11_f&fid=38396&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dentalabstracts.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0011848610004942%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Cancer treatments are continuously improving; therefore, it is quite likely that dentists will be called on to advice and treat patients who have or have had malignancies and are undergoing or have undergone cancer treatments. Because of the cancer, patients may have various physical, medical, and emotional problems. Therefore, dentists should be conversant with and sensitive to both the effects of the cancer and the problems that may arise because of treatment. Generally, patients with cancer are managed through surgery, radiotherapy (the therapeutic use of localized ionizing radiation to destroy malignant cells), or chemotherapy. The selection, timing, and prescription of the treatments are managed by a multidisciplinary oncology team and vary depending on the tumor type and location. Su... Dental Abstracts journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5020818 Thu, 30 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5020818 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5020817&cid=s_38396_11_f&fid=38396&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dentalabstracts.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS001184861100149X%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Most cases of oral cancer result from lifestyle risk factors, but the implementation of effective oral cancer control policies is hampered by differences in habits between countries and regions. Some population-based interventions to control detrimental lifestyles have been effective, but most fail in the ultimate goal of eradicating these lifestyles. Additionally, few have any long-term benefits. For example, although the conventional wisdom is that smoking behaviors are fixed by the age of 18 years, making the teen years the focus of most smoking prevention programs, the long-term effect of such interventions is minimal if any. Generally, effective tobacco control policies for adolescents have merely delayed when people begin smoking. These results suggest that population-based oral canc... Dental Abstracts journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5020817 Thu, 30 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5020817 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5020816&cid=s_38396_11_f&fid=38396&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dentalabstracts.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0011848611001476%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes The alumina air abrasion technique is a minimally invasive, nonselective dental procedure to remove extrinsic stain as well as sound and carious enamel and dentin during cavity preparation. However, the technique is operator-sensitive and carries a high risk of cavity overpreparation. Bioactive glass reacts with an aqueous solution, producing chemical and structural changes that produce a hydroxycarbonate apatite surface layer and the eventual dissolution of the powder particle. Currently, bioactive glass is used intraorally as bone graft material. It is much softer than alumina and may be able to remove softer substrate selectively and leave harder, sound tissue intact. The effects of bioactive glass powder air abrasion on carious and noncarious occlusal surfaces on human molars were inve... Dental Abstracts journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5020816 Thu, 30 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5020816 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5020815&cid=s_38396_11_f&fid=38396&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dentalabstracts.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0011848611001488%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are caused by overuse, stress, and/or trauma to the body’s hard and soft-tissues, affecting the muscles, tendons, ligaments, cartilage, joints, nerves, and blood vessels and causing pain. MSDs are a significant occupational health hazard in dental professionals, with a suggested prevalence between 64% and 93%. Dental hygienists are especially at risk based on their performance of repetitive and fine-tuned actions and psychosocial issues. A review was conducted to gather evidence on MSDs in dental hygienists. (Source: Dental Abstracts) Dental Abstracts journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5020815 Thu, 30 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5020815 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5020814&cid=s_38396_11_f&fid=38396&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dentalabstracts.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0011848610005571%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention estimated in 2007 that 17% of the U.S. population had chronic kidney disease (CKD), which is known to develop after a progressive decline in glomerular filtration rate (GFR) until it is less than 15 mL/minute/1.73 m2 (). In managing patients with compromised kidney function, dentists must determine the severity of the disease and any comorbid conditions and carefully consider adjustments to the doses of typically prescribed medications. Safe treatment depends on the dentist having a clear understanding of the medical management of renal insufficiency and of the pharmacokinetics of drugs that will be prescribed in the dental care situation. (Source: Dental Abstracts) Dental Abstracts journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5020814 Thu, 30 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5020814 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5020813&cid=s_38396_11_f&fid=38396&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dentalabstracts.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0011848611001452%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Decontamination and disinfection of dental impressions are required of dental practitioners before they send them on to the dental laboratory. However, impressions can arrive at the laboratory with visible contamination and inappropriate disinfection in many cases. As a result, dental technicians lack confidence that impressions are being decontaminated and disinfected and perform repeat procedures that can alter the surface detail and accuracy of the impression. Immersion and dipping are considered the most reliable ways to apply disinfectant agents. The current impression decontamination and disinfection practices and the relative prevalence of contaminated voids in apparently disinfected impressions were evaluated. (Source: Dental Abstracts) Dental Abstracts journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5020813 Thu, 30 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5020813 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5020812&cid=s_38396_11_f&fid=38396&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dentalabstracts.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0011848611001439%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Seldom does a clinician attempt to place an implant for a third time at the same site at which two previous attempts resulted in failure. However, some patients may require this third attempt if the location is critical for the patient’s prosthetic rehabilitation plan. The evidence to support such a course of action is lacking. The survival rate of dental implants performed in sites where two previous attempts failed was analyzed. (Source: Dental Abstracts) Dental Abstracts journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5020812 Thu, 30 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5020812 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5020811&cid=s_38396_11_f&fid=38396&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dentalabstracts.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0011848610005522%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Neural injury can cause paresthesia, manifest as a burning or prickling sensation or partial numbness. In dentistry, the inferior alveolar nerve (IAN) and mental nerve (MN) are most often involved, and the paresthesia can result from systemic or local factors. Diagnosis is based on an accurate patient history to determine when the symptoms began and how they have changed over time. The affected area can be evaluated subjectively using thermal, mechanical, electrical, or chemical tests. More objective assessment involves electrophysiologic analysis of the nerve and sometimes radiographs and/or neurophysiologic screening tests. Computed tomography will display small structures and reveal spatial relationships in three dimensions. If the nerve irritation is nonpersistent, paresthesia can reso... Dental Abstracts journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5020811 Thu, 30 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5020811 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5020810&cid=s_38396_11_f&fid=38396&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dentalabstracts.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0011848611001427%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Steam autoclaving is a routine procedure in dental practices. New carbide burs may be placed on the bur block and undergo multiple autoclaving cycles before ever being used. The process can cause rust and corrosion on carbon steel and low-quality stainless steel instruments. Quantitatively, autoclaving does not diminish the sharpness of the bur, but dentists often believe that a new bur offers the best cut. Many choose to use autoclaved carbide burs only two to four times before discarding them, and some use a new one for each patient. The ability of autoclaving to cause a carbide bur to become dull enough that a dentist will judge it as unable to cut effectively was evaluated and compared to a quantitative analysis of carbide burs’ durability. (Source: Dental Abstracts) Dental Abstracts journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5020810 Thu, 30 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5020810