MedWorm.com provides a medical RSS filtering service. Over 6000 RSS medical sources are combined and output via different filters. This feed contains the latest items from the 'Developing World Bioethics' source. Fri, 27 Jan 2012 20:34:40 +0100 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5437469&cid=s_31004_74_f&fid=31004&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1471-8847.2011.00313.x (Source: Developing World Bioethics) Developing World Bioethics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5437469 Wed, 23 Nov 2011 13:15:26 +0100 5437469 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5437468&cid=s_31004_74_f&fid=31004&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1471-8847.2011.00312.x (Source: Developing World Bioethics) Developing World Bioethics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5437468 Wed, 23 Nov 2011 13:15:25 +0100 5437468 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5437467&cid=s_31004_74_f&fid=31004&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1471-8847.2011.00315.x (Source: Developing World Bioethics) Developing World Bioethics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5437467 Wed, 23 Nov 2011 13:15:24 +0100 5437467 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5437466&cid=s_31004_74_f&fid=31004&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1471-8847.2011.00308.x This study explores psychological meaning and attitudes toward euthanasia in 546 Mexican subjects, either medical students or physicians, who were divided into three groups: a) beginning students, b) advanced students, and c) physicians. We used the semantic networks technique, which analyzed the words the participants associated with the term ‘euthanasia’. Positive psychological meaning, as well as positive attitudes, prevailed among advanced students and physicians when defining euthanasia, whereas both positive and negative psychological meaning together with more ambivalent attitudes toward euthanasia predominated in beginning students. The findings are discussed in the context of a current debate on a bill proposing active euthanasia in Mexico City. (Source: Developing World Bioet... Developing World Bioethics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5437466 Wed, 23 Nov 2011 13:15:19 +0100 5437466 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5437465&cid=s_31004_74_f&fid=31004&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1471-8847.2011.00310.x ABSTRACTPersonalism is one of the philosophical perspectives which hold that the reality in person and the human person has the highest intrinsic value. This paper makes reference to Louis Janssens' eight criteria in adequate consideration of the human person but further argues that there is need to consider people as situated agents especially within gender relational perspectives. The paper identifies gender as an important social construction that shapes the consideration of the human persons within socio‐spatial spheres. The main crux of the paper is that there is a gender context of personalism and this has profound implications for bioethical agendas. Gender is part of the human condition, especially when we philosophically or sociologically engage the notion of equity and equality... Developing World Bioethics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5437465 Wed, 23 Nov 2011 13:15:18 +0100 5437465 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5437464&cid=s_31004_74_f&fid=31004&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1471-8847.2011.00309.x Conclusion:  Participants perceived research to be beneficial and most of them thought that, though it was risky, the benefits outweighed the risks. It is our view that researchers need to give serious consideration to participant's perception of benefits in designing their consent forms, to see to the fulfillment of achievable goals. (Source: Developing World Bioethics) Developing World Bioethics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5437464 Wed, 23 Nov 2011 13:15:17 +0100 5437464 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5437463&cid=s_31004_74_f&fid=31004&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1471-8847.2011.00311.x (Source: Developing World Bioethics) Developing World Bioethics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5437463 Wed, 23 Nov 2011 13:15:12 +0100 5437463 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5061584&cid=s_31004_74_f&fid=31004&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1471-8847.2011.00302.x (Source: Developing World Bioethics) Developing World Bioethics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5061584 Mon, 25 Jul 2011 19:57:08 +0100 5061584 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5061583&cid=s_31004_74_f&fid=31004&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1471-8847.2011.00301.x ABSTRACTA dominant cultural narrative within Costa Rica describes Costa Ricans not only as different from their Central American neighbours, but it also exalts them as better: specifically, as more white, peaceful, egalitarian and democratic. This notion of Costa Rican exceptionalism played a key role in the creation of their health care system, which is based on the four core principles of equity, universality, solidarity and obligation. While the political justification and design of the current health care system does, in part, realize this ideal, we argue that the narrative of Costa Rican exceptionalism prevents the full actualization of these principles by marginalizing and excluding disadvantaged groups, especially indigenous and black citizens and the substantial Nicaraguan minority... Developing World Bioethics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5061583 Mon, 25 Jul 2011 19:57:07 +0100 5061583 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5061582&cid=s_31004_74_f&fid=31004&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1471-8847.2011.00299.x ABSTRACTInequities in global health are increasingly of interest to health care providers in developed countries. In response, many academic healthcare programs have begun to offer international service learning programs. Participants in these programs are motivated by ethical principles, but this type of work presents significant ethical challenges, and no formalized ethical guidelines for these activities exist. In this paper the ethical issues presented by international service learning programs are described and recommendations are made for how academic healthcare programs can carry out international service learning programs in a way that minimizes ethical conflicts and maximizes benefits for all stakeholders. Issues related to project sustainability and community involvement are emph... Developing World Bioethics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5061582 Mon, 25 Jul 2011 19:57:07 +0100 5061582 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5061581&cid=s_31004_74_f&fid=31004&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1471-8847.2011.00307.x (Source: Developing World Bioethics) Developing World Bioethics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5061581 Mon, 25 Jul 2011 19:57:04 +0100 5061581 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5061577&cid=s_31004_74_f&fid=31004&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1471-8847.2011.00306.x Conclusions:  One‐third of articles still do not mention IRB approval. Mention varied by country, and was associated with biomedical research, and more sponsor country involvement. Recently, some journals have required mention of IRB approval, but allow authors to do so in cover letters to editors, not in the article itself. Instead, these data suggest, journals should require that articles document adherence to ethical standards. (Source: Developing World Bioethics) Developing World Bioethics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5061577 Mon, 25 Jul 2011 19:57:00 +0100 5061577 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5061580&cid=s_31004_74_f&fid=31004&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1471-8847.2011.00300.x ABSTRACTOne of the characteristics of the relationship between the developed and developing worlds is the ‘brain drain’– the phenomenon by which expertise moves towards richer countries, thereby condemning poorer countries to continued comparative and absolute poverty. It is tempting to see the phenomenon as a moral problem in its own right, such that there is a moral imperative to end it, that is separate from (and additional to) any moral imperative to relieve the burden of poverty. However, it is not clear why this should be so – why, that is, there is a moral reason to stem the flow of expertise in addition to seeking to improve welfare. In this paper, I examine three explanations of the putative moral aspect of the brain drain. (Source: Developing World Bioethics) Developing World Bioethics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5061580 Sat, 23 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5061580 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5061579&cid=s_31004_74_f&fid=31004&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1471-8847.2011.00303.x ABSTRACTThe topic of abortion has been extensively researched, and the research has produced a large number of arguments and discussions. Missing in the literature, however, are discussions of practices in some areas of the Developing or Third World. In this paper, we examine the morality of sex selection abortions in Kazakhstan's Kazakh culture, and argue that such abortions can be ethically justified based, in part, on the unique perspectives of Kazakh culture. (Source: Developing World Bioethics) Developing World Bioethics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5061579 Sat, 23 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5061579 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5061578&cid=s_31004_74_f&fid=31004&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1471-8847.2011.00304.x ABSTRACTRecent global advances in available technology to prevent mother‐to‐child HIV transmission necessitate a rethinking of contemporary and previous ethical debates on HIV testing as a means to preventing vertical transmission. In this paper, we will provide an ethical analysis of HIV‐testing strategies of pregnant women. First, we argue that provider‐initiated opt‐out HIV testing seems to be the most effective HIV test strategy. The flip‐side of an opt‐out strategy is that it may end up as involuntary testing in a clinical setting. We analyse this ethical puzzle from a novel perspective, taking into account the moral importance of certain hypothetical preferences of the child, as well as the moral importance of certain actual preferences of the mother. Finally, we balanc... Developing World Bioethics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5061578 Sat, 23 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5061578 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5057314&cid=s_31004_74_f&fid=31004&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1471-8847.2011.00305.x Conclusions:  1) Our data suggests the need for a wider debate towards building capacity and addressing ethical issues related to human genomic research in sub‐Saharan Africa and specifically in Cameroon; 2) National ethical guidelines and regulations concerning the collection, use and storage of human DNA are urgently needed in Cameroon. (Source: Developing World Bioethics) Developing World Bioethics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5057314 Thu, 31 Mar 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5057314 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4621532&cid=s_31004_74_f&fid=31004&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1471-8847.2011.00297.x Discussion of these concepts is supported with ethnographic examples from relevant literature and from our own (United States (US) Government‐funded) research in South Africa. A preliminary set of recommendations is provided in an effort to equip researchers with a greater sense of organization and control over the ethics of researcher identity. The paper concludes that the complex construction of researcher identity needs to be central among the ethical concerns of global health researchers, and that the conceptual tools discussed in the paper are a useful starting point for better organizing and acting on these ethical concerns. (Source: Developing World Bioethics) Developing World Bioethics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4621532 Wed, 23 Mar 2011 02:23:16 +0100 4621532 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4605314&cid=s_31004_74_f&fid=31004&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1471-8847.2010.00295.x (Source: Developing World Bioethics) Developing World Bioethics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4605314 Fri, 18 Mar 2011 04:19:31 +0100 4605314 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4605313&cid=s_31004_74_f&fid=31004&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1471-8847.2011.00298.x (Source: Developing World Bioethics) Developing World Bioethics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4605313 Fri, 18 Mar 2011 04:19:27 +0100 4605313 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4399013&cid=s_31004_74_f&fid=31004&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1471-8847.2010.00293.x The objective of this paper is to report on the results of an internal quality assurance initiative to determine the extent of the information being provided in genetic research informed consent forms. In order to achieve this, we developed checklists to assess the inclusion of basic elements of informed consent as well as elements related to the collection and future storage of biological samples. Three of the authors independently evaluated and reached consensus on seven informed consent forms that were available for review.Of the seven consent forms, four had less than half of the basic elements of informed consent. None contained any information regarding whether genetic information relevant to health would be disclosed, whether participants may share in commercial products, the extent... Developing World Bioethics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4399013 Tue, 25 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4399013 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4399012&cid=s_31004_74_f&fid=31004&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1471-8847.2010.00292.x This article examines the relationship between bioethics and the therapeutic standards in HIV prevention research in the developing world, focusing on the closure of the pre‐exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) trials in the early 2000s. I situate the PrEP trials in the historical context of the vertical transmission debates of the 1990s, where there was protracted debate over the use of placebos despite the existence of a proven intervention. I then discuss the dramatic improvement in the clinical management of HIV and the treatment access movement, and consider how these contexts have influenced research practice. I argue that as HIV prevention trials oblige researchers to observe the rate at which vulnerable people under their care acquire HIV, there is an obligation to provide antiretroviral ... Developing World Bioethics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4399012 Tue, 25 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4399012 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4399011&cid=s_31004_74_f&fid=31004&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1471-8847.2010.00294.x ABSTRACTThe ‘family consent’ process has been placed at the centre of Chinese clinical practice. Although there has been critical analysis of how the process functions in relation to the autonomy and rights of patients, there has been little examination of the perceptions and attitude of patients and their families and the medical professionals, in relation to moral dilemmas that arise in real cases in the bioethical discourse. When faced with a consent form in an emergency situation, the family member's capacity to act is reduced, as he/she becomes enmeshed in the hospital structure of tacit, socially‐imposed rules. In a questionnaires based on a real death case in 2008, 70.9% of the surveyed medical professionals (n = 3,665) disagreed with performing surgery without the consent... Developing World Bioethics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4399011 Tue, 25 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4399011 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4241240&cid=s_31004_74_f&fid=31004&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1471-8847.2010.00287.x ABSTRACTTermination of pregnancy (TOP) is offered in many countries, for foetuses prenatally diagnosed with congenital malformations that are deemed incompatible with life or that are associated with a high morbidity. In Lebanon, a middle income country where religion plays a focal role, the law prohibits any form of TOP unless it is the only means to save the mother's life. It is the contention of the authors of this article that even if the foetus is a person, if it were medically revealed that there is a substantial risk that the newborn will suffer severe physical abnormalities that will cause it to be seriously handicapped; it is morally acceptable to terminate the pregnancy. Hence, TOP carried out for these indications is justified in the interest of the foetus and the child. Whateve... Developing World Bioethics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4241240 Tue, 07 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4241240 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4241239&cid=s_31004_74_f&fid=31004&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1471-8847.2010.00288.x ABSTRACTTwo decades have passed since the first attempts were made to establish systematic ethical review of human research in the Baltic States. Legally and institutionally much has changed. In this paper we provide an historical and structural overview of ethical review of human research and identify some problems related to the role of ethical review in establishing quality research environment in these countries. Problems connected to (a) public availability of information, (b) management of conflicts of interest, (c) REC composition and motivation of REC members, and (d) differing levels of stringency of ethical review for different types of studies, are identified. Recommendations are made to strengthen cooperation among the Baltic RECs. (Source: Developing World Bioethics) Developing World Bioethics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4241239 Tue, 07 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4241239 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4212957&cid=s_31004_74_f&fid=31004&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1471-8847.2010.00296.x ABSTRACTDebates about justice in international clinical research problematically conflate two quite different forms of obligation. International research ethics guidelines were intended to describe how to conduct biomedical research in a just manner at the micro or clinical level (within the researcher‐participant interaction) but have come to include requirements that are clearly intended to promote justice at the global level. Ethicists have also made a variety of claims regarding what international research should contribute to global justice. This paper argues that the conflation of debates about justice at the micro and macro‐levels has not only resulted in the placement of obligations upon the wrong actors but has also served to exclude relevant actors from the ethical picture. S... Developing World Bioethics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4212957 Tue, 30 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4212957 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4150076&cid=s_31004_74_f&fid=31004&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1471-8847.2010.00290.x (Source: Developing World Bioethics) Developing World Bioethics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4150076 Wed, 10 Nov 2010 17:08:04 +0100 4150076 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4150075&cid=s_31004_74_f&fid=31004&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1471-8847.2010.00286.x (Source: Developing World Bioethics) Developing World Bioethics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4150075 Wed, 10 Nov 2010 17:08:04 +0100 4150075 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4150074&cid=s_31004_74_f&fid=31004&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1471-8847.2010.00285.x (Source: Developing World Bioethics) Developing World Bioethics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4150074 Wed, 10 Nov 2010 17:08:03 +0100 4150074 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4150073&cid=s_31004_74_f&fid=31004&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1471-8847.2010.00289.x ABSTRACTIn a prior issue of Developing World Bioethics, Cheryl Macpherson and Ruth Macklin critically engaged with an article of mine, where I articulated a moral theory grounded on indigenous values salient in the sub‐Saharan region, and then applied it to four major issues in bioethics, comparing and contrasting its implications with those of the dominant Western moral theories, utilitarianism and Kantianism. In response to my essay, Macpherson and Macklin have posed questions about: whether philosophical justifications are something with which bioethicists ought to be concerned; why something counts as ‘African’; how medicine is a moral enterprise; whether an individual right to informed consent is consistent with sub‐Saharan values; and when thought experiments help to establis... Developing World Bioethics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4150073 Wed, 10 Nov 2010 17:08:03 +0100 4150073 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4150072&cid=s_31004_74_f&fid=31004&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1471-8847.2009.00267.x This article reports the results of a case study on patient selection at a rural ART clinic in Lesotho. The purpose of the study was to examine whether or not such concepts had relevance or operative value for a treatment team providing ART in rural Lesotho. The study found that while concepts of fairness and equity were relevant to the work of the treatment team, patient selection practices did not necessarily reflect what these concepts entail. The idea of fairness as a structured, formalized selection process did not figure in the approach to ART provision at the site. A less formal, ‘first‐come‐first‐served’ approach was adopted. While there was knowledge among some team members that social, economic or geographic conditions inhibit individuals and groups from gaining access ... Developing World Bioethics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4150072 Wed, 10 Nov 2010 17:08:01 +0100 4150072 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4150071&cid=s_31004_74_f&fid=31004&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1471-8847.2010.00291.x (Source: Developing World Bioethics) Developing World Bioethics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4150071 Wed, 10 Nov 2010 17:08:00 +0100 4150071 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3907048&cid=s_31004_74_f&fid=31004&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1471-8847.2010.00284.x (Source: Developing World Bioethics) Developing World Bioethics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3907048 Sat, 31 Jul 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3907048 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3842715&cid=s_31004_74_f&fid=31004&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1471-8847.2010.00277.x (Source: Developing World Bioethics) Developing World Bioethics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3842715 Sat, 31 Jul 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3842715 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3842714&cid=s_31004_74_f&fid=31004&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1471-8847.2008.00244.x (Source: Developing World Bioethics) Developing World Bioethics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3842714 Sat, 31 Jul 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3842714 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3842713&cid=s_31004_74_f&fid=31004&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1471-8847.2010.00276.x ABSTRACT (Source: Developing World Bioethics) Developing World Bioethics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3842713 Sat, 31 Jul 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3842713 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3842712&cid=s_31004_74_f&fid=31004&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1471-8847.2010.00283.x (Source: Developing World Bioethics) Developing World Bioethics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3842712 Sat, 31 Jul 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3842712 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3555587&cid=s_31004_74_f&fid=31004&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1471-8847.2010.00282.x Recently, in increasing numbers, citizens of wealthy nations are heading to poorer countries for medical care. They are traveling to the global South as medical tourists because in their home nations either they cannot get timely medical care or they cannot afford needed treatments. This essay offers a robust, particularist ethical assessment of the practice of citizens of richer nations traveling to poorer countries for healthcare. (Source: Developing World Bioethics) Developing World Bioethics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3555587 Tue, 11 May 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3555587 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3555588&cid=s_31004_74_f&fid=31004&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1471-8847.2010.00280.x (Source: Developing World Bioethics) Developing World Bioethics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3555588 Mon, 10 May 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3555588 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3504615&cid=s_31004_74_f&fid=31004&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1471-8847.2010.00281.x With a global commitment to scaling up AIDS care and treatment in resource-poor settings for some of the most HIV-affected countries in Africa, availability of antiretroviral treatment is no longer the principal obstacle to expanding access to treatment. A shortage of trained healthcare personnel to initiate treatment and manage patients represents a more challenging barrier to offering life-saving treatment to all patients in need. Physician-centered treatment policies accentuate this challenge. Despite evidence that task shifting for nurse-centered AIDS patient care is effective and can alleviate severe physician shortages that currently obstruct treatment scale-up, political commitment and policy action to support task shifting models of care has been slow to absent. In this paper we re... Developing World Bioethics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3504615 Sun, 25 Apr 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3504615 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3311032&cid=s_31004_74_f&fid=31004&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1471-8847.2010.00277.x (Source: Developing World Bioethics) Developing World Bioethics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3311032 Fri, 26 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3311032 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3311033&cid=s_31004_74_f&fid=31004&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1471-8847.2010.00276.x Our claim in this paper is that not being identified as the data source might cause harm to a person or group. Therefore, in some cases the default of anonymisation should be replaced by a careful deliberation, together with research subjects, of how to handle the issues of identification and confidentiality. Our prime example in this article is community participatory research and similar endeavours on indigenous groups. The theme, content and aim of the research, and the question of how to handle property rights and ownership of research results, as well as who should be in charge of the research process, including the process of creating anonymity, should all be answered, before anonymity is accepted. (Source: Developing World Bioethics) Developing World Bioethics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3311033 Thu, 25 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3311033 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3181885&cid=s_31004_74_f&fid=31004&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1471-8847.2009.00274.x This article reconstructs the history of medical research in East Africa (Kenya, Tanganyika, Uganda), laying out the lies, rumours, and oppressive techniques that made research such a fraught enterprise during the colonial era. The focus is on the beginning stages of medical research: researchers' arrivals, villagers' responses, the gathering of subjects and consent. New archival and oral sources gathered in East Africa illuminate the research encounter and reintegrate the perspective of villagers cum subjects. Data from the 1950s shows that upon arrival in a village, researchers regularly lied in order to avoid sensitive topics and sidestep potential opposition. Misinformation fuelled villagers' fears, skepticism and rumours of blood stealing researchers. When it came to gathering subject... Developing World Bioethics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3181885 Mon, 18 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3181885 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3181884&cid=s_31004_74_f&fid=31004&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1471-8847.2009.00275.x In this article, the authors focus on Argentina's activity in the developing field of regenerative medicine, specifically stem cell research. They take as a starting point a recent article by Shawn Harmon (published in this journal) who argues that attempts to regulate the practice in Argentina are morally incoherent. The authors try to show first, that there is no such 'attempt to legislate' on stem cell research in Argentina and this is due to a number of reasons that they explain. Second, by examining the role played by different values, conflicting legal and moral views, and the influence of various actors, they attempt to show that the legislative silence regarding stem cell research may not necessarily be a manifestation of a legal/moral disconnection but rather a survival strategy f... Developing World Bioethics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3181884 Mon, 18 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3181884 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3842710&cid=s_31004_74_f&fid=31004&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1471-8847.2009.00272.x (Source: Developing World Bioethics) Developing World Bioethics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3842710 Fri, 01 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3842710 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3066542&cid=s_31004_74_f&fid=31004&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1471-8847.2009.00272.x Some participants will get HIV-infected in HIV prevention trials, despite risk reduction measures. The subsequent treatment responsibilities of sponsor-investigators have been widely debated, especially where access to antiretroviral therapy (ART) is not available. In this paper, we explore two accounts of beneficence to establish whether they can shed light on sponsor-investigator responsibilities. We find the notion of general beneficence helpful insofar as it clarifies that some beneficent actions will be obligatory where they can be dispensed without scuppering the trial. We find the notion of specific beneficence helpful insofar as it directs investigators to attend to the needs of trial participants; however the range of interventions that could be provided remains unhelpfully broad.... Developing World Bioethics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3066542 Tue, 08 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3066542 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3051733&cid=s_31004_74_f&fid=31004&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1471-8847.2009.00270.x Current strategies to address global inequities in access to life-saving vaccines use averaged national income data to determine eligibility. While largely successful in the lowest income countries, we argue that this approach could lead to significant inefficiencies from the standpoint of justice if applied to middle-income countries, where income inequalities are large and lead to national averages that obscure truly needy populations. Instead, we suggest alternative indicators more sensitive to social justice concerns that merit consideration by policy-makers developing new initiatives to redress health inequities in middle-income countries. (Source: Developing World Bioethics) Developing World Bioethics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3051733 Thu, 03 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3051733 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3051732&cid=s_31004_74_f&fid=31004&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1471-8847.2009.00271.x Research ethics is the most developed aspect of bioethics in Africa. Most African countries have set up Institutional Review Boards (IRBs) to provide guidelines for research and to comply with international norms. However, bioethics has not been responsive to local needs and values in the rest of the continent. A new direction is needed in African bioethics. This new direction promotes the development of a locally-grounded bioethics, shaped by a dynamic understanding of local cultures and informed by structural and institutional problems that impact the public's health, as well as cognisant of the salient contribution of social sciences and social epidemiology which can bring a lasting impact on African local communities. In today's post-Structural Adjustment Africa, where healthcare has b... Developing World Bioethics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3051732 Thu, 03 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3051732 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3051731&cid=s_31004_74_f&fid=31004&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1471-8847.2009.00273.x The field of bioethics is replete with applications of moral theories such as utilitarianism and Kantianism. For a given dilemma, even if it is not clear how one of these western philosophical principles of right (and wrong) action would resolve it, one can identify many of the considerations that each would conclude is relevant. The field is, in contrast, largely unaware of an African account of what all right (and wrong) actions have in common and of the sorts of factors that for it are germane to developing a sound response to a given bioethical problem. My aim is to help rectify this deficiency by first spelling out a moral theory grounded in the mores of many sub-Saharan peoples, and then applying it to some major bioethical issues, namely, the point of medical treatment, free and inf... Developing World Bioethics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3051731 Thu, 03 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3051731 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3842711&cid=s_31004_74_f&fid=31004&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1471-8847.2009.00267.x (Source: Developing World Bioethics) Developing World Bioethics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3842711 Tue, 01 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3842711 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2988559&cid=s_31004_74_f&fid=31004&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1471-8847.2009.00267.x This article reports the results of a case study on patient selection at a rural ART clinic in Lesotho. The purpose of the study was to examine whether or not such concepts had relevance or operative value for a treatment team providing ART in rural Lesotho. The study found that while concepts of fairness and equity were relevant to the work of the treatment team, patient selection practices did not necessarily reflect what these concepts entail. The idea of fairness as a structured, formalized selection process did not figure in the approach to ART provision at the site. A less formal, 'first-come-first-served' approach was adopted. While there was knowledge among some team members that social, economic or geographic conditions inhibit individuals and groups from gaining access to ART and... Developing World Bioethics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2988559 Fri, 13 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100 2988559 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2988560&cid=s_31004_74_f&fid=31004&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1471-8847.2009.00266.x Conclusion: Although the majority of REC members in the targeted African countries had received training in ethics, they expressed a need for additional training. The results of this survey have been used to design a training program in research ethics evaluation that meets this need. (Source: Developing World Bioethics) Developing World Bioethics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2988560 Thu, 12 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100 2988560 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2890007&cid=s_31004_74_f&fid=31004&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1471-8847.2009.00262.x This paper examines pain and pain relief in the Caribbean, where pain is widely perceived as an unavoidable part of life, and where unnecessary suffering results from untreated and under treated pain. Barriers to pain relief in the Caribbean include patient and family attitudes, inadequate knowledge among health professionals and unduly restrictive regulations on the medical use of opioids. Similar barriers exist all over the world. This paper urges medical, nursing and public health professionals, and educators to examine attitudes towards pain and pain relief and to work towards making effective pain relief and palliation more accessible. It recommends that i) health professionals and officials be better educated about pain, palliation and opioids, ii) regulatory restrictions be updated ... Developing World Bioethics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2890007 Tue, 13 Oct 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2890007 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2890006&cid=s_31004_74_f&fid=31004&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1471-8847.2009.00263.x In little more than 30 years, China has recovered from the intellectual stagnation brought about by the Cultural Revolution to become a global leader in science and technology. Like other leading countries in science and technology, China has encountered some ethical problems related to the conduct of research. China's leaders have taken some steps to respond to these problems, such as developing ethics policies and establishing oversight committees. To keep moving forward, China needs to continue to take effective action to promote research integrity. Some of the challenges China faces include additional policy development, promoting education in responsible conduct of research, protecting whistle-blowers, and cultivating an ethical research environment. (Source: Developing World Bioethic... Developing World Bioethics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2890006 Tue, 13 Oct 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2890006 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2868587&cid=s_31004_74_f&fid=31004&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1471-8847.2009.00264.x Many countries have not considered palliative care a public health problem. With limited resources, disease-oriented therapies and prevention measures take priority. In this paper, I intend to describe the moral framework for considering palliative care as a public health priority in resource-poor countries. A distributive theory of justice for health care should consider integrative palliative care as morally required as it contributes to improving normal functioning and preserving opportunities for the individual. For patients requiring terminal care, we are guided less by principles of justice and more by the duty to relieve suffering and society's commitment to protecting the professional's obligation to uphold principles of beneficence, compassion and non-abandonment. A fair deliberat... Developing World Bioethics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2868587 Tue, 06 Oct 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2868587 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2838701&cid=s_31004_74_f&fid=31004&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1471-8847.2009.00265.x Access to treatment, in HIV vaccine trials (HVTs), remains ethically controversial. In most prevention trials, including in South Africa, participants who seroconvert are referred to publicly funded programmes for treatment. This strategy is problematic when there is inadequate and uneven access to public sector antiretroviral therapy (ART) and support resources. The responsibilities, if any, of researchers, sponsors and public health authorities involved in HVTs has been hotly debated among academics, scholars, representatives of international organizations and sponsors. However, there is little published on community perceptions. Recent guidance asserts that communities should make inputs into treatment and care decisions. This qualitative study explored a South African community's perce... Developing World Bioethics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2838701 Sun, 27 Sep 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2838701 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2711709&cid=s_31004_74_f&fid=31004&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1471-8847.2009.00261.x To help ensure the ethical conduct of research, many have recommended educational efforts in research ethics to investigators and members of research ethics committees (RECs). One type of education activity involves multi-day workshops in research ethics. To be effective, such workshops should contain the appropriate content and teaching techniques geared towards the learning styles of the targeted audiences. To ensure consistency in content and quality, we describe the development of a curriculum guide, core competencies and associated learning objectives and activities to help educators organize research ethics workshops in their respective institutions. The curriculum guide is divided into modular units to enable planners to develop workshops of different lengths and choose content mate... Developing World Bioethics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2711709 Tue, 18 Aug 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2711709 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2670485&cid=s_31004_74_f&fid=31004&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1471-8847.2009.00259.x Africa is a continent in transition amidst a revival of cultural practices. Over previous years the continent was robbed of the benefits of medical advances by unfounded cultural practices surrounding its cultural heritage. In a fast moving field like genetic screening, discussions of social and policy aspects frequently need to take place at an early stage to avoid the dilemma encountered by Western medicine. This paper, examines the potential challenges to genetic screening in Africa. It discusses how cultural practices may affect genetic screening. It views genomics science as a culture which is trying to diffuse into another one. It argues that understanding the existing culture will help the diffusion process. The paper emphasizes the importance of genetic screening for Africa, by ass... Developing World Bioethics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2670485 Tue, 04 Aug 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2670485 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2670486&cid=s_31004_74_f&fid=31004&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1471-8847.2009.00258.x A physician's lack of humanity is a general complaint in public surveys. The physician-patient relationship is viewed by the public as being reduced to a business relationship where the patient feels that she is merely a 'client' and the physician a healthcare 'practitioner' instead of a 'care giver'. This public perception is not a phenomenon that is peculiar to Lebanon. Yet, the problem has been increasing over the years to the extent that patients feel that physicians are becoming inhumane and business oriented. While this might not characterize all physicians of the 21st century, this might be true of at least some. Responses were collected from a study that was undertaken based on a questionnaire distributed to a pool of 650 participants from different geographical areas and different... Developing World Bioethics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2670486 Mon, 03 Aug 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2670486 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2468262&cid=s_31004_74_f&fid=31004&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1471-8847.2009.00257.x Since the development of assisted reproductive technologies, infertile individuals have crossed borders to obtain treatments unavailable or unaffordable in their own country. Recent media coverage has focused on the outsourcing of surrogacy to developing countries, where the cost for surrogacy is significantly less than the equivalent cost in a more developed country. This paper discusses the ethical arguments against international surrogacy. The major opposition viewpoints can be broadly divided into arguments about welfare, commodification and exploitation. It is argued that the only valid objection to international surrogacy is that surrogate mothers may be exploited by being given too little compensation. However, the possibility of exploitation is a weak argument for prohibition, as e... Developing World Bioethics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2468262 Wed, 10 Jun 2009 04:00:00 +0100 2468262 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2468263&cid=s_31004_74_f&fid=31004&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1471-8847.2009.00256.x A subcategory of medical tourism, reproductive tourism has been the subject of much public and policy debate in recent years. Specific concerns include: the exploitation of individuals and communities, access to needed health care services, fair allocation of limited resources, and the quality and safety of services provided by private clinics. To date, the focus of attention has been on the thriving medical and reproductive tourism sectors in Asia and Eastern Europe; there has been much less consideration given to more recent 'players' in Latin America, notably fertility clinics in Chile, Brazil, Mexico and Argentina. In this paper, we examine the context-specific ethical and policy implications of private Argentinean fertility clinics that market reproductive services via the internet. W... Developing World Bioethics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2468263 Mon, 08 Jun 2009 04:00:00 +0100 2468263 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2380200&cid=s_31004_74_f&fid=31004&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1471-8847.2009.00254.x This study explored the ethical challenges identified by various stakeholders, through an open-ended, in-depth approach. While the few previous studies have been largely quantitative, respondents in this study had the opportunity to spontaneously identify the issues that they perceived to be of priority concern in the South African context. Stakeholders spontaneously identified the following as ethical priorities: informed consent, social harms, collaborative relationships between research stakeholders, the participation of children and adolescents, access to treatment for participants who become infected with HIV, physical harms, fair participant and community selection, confidentiality, benefits, and payment. While there is some speculation that research in developing countries poses spe... Developing World Bioethics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2380200 Thu, 30 Apr 2009 04:00:00 +0100 2380200 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2380199&cid=s_31004_74_f&fid=31004&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1471-8847.2009.00255.x Largely, the concept of energy or vital force, as first analysed by Placide Tempels in Bantu Philosophy, permeates most African ontology systems, worldviews and life views. The Ntomba Chief is chosen because of his above average vital force. This puts him in the position of intermediary between the Supreme Being, the ancestors, and his subordinates. The waning of his energy is incompatible with his position because his energy is that of his tribe. When installed, he takes an oath that, when this happens, he has to accept mohilo, the 'hastening of death'. In the Chief's case, the hastening of death is not intended to relieve his pain, as it would be with other creatures. The Chief's dying a natural death would result in the loss of the entire community's vital force. Therefore, he has to be... Developing World Bioethics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2380199 Thu, 30 Apr 2009 04:00:00 +0100 2380199 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2259015&cid=s_31004_74_f&fid=31004&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1471-8847.2009.00251.x The risk posed to the community by possible xenozoonosis after xenotransplantation suggests that some form of 'community consent' is required before whole organ animal-to-human xenotransplantation should take place. I argue that this requirement places greater obstacles in the path of ethical xenotransplantation than has previously been recognised. The relevant community is global and there are no existing institutions with democratic credentials sufficient to establish this consent. The distribution of the risks and benefits from xenotransplantation also means that consent is unlikely to be forthcoming. Proceeding on the basis of hypothetical consent to a package of global health measures that includes xenotransplantation, as Rothblatt has recently advocated, is more problematic than she ... Developing World Bioethics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2259015 Fri, 13 Mar 2009 04:00:00 +0100 2259015 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2259016&cid=s_31004_74_f&fid=31004&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1471-8847.2009.00250.x (Source: Developing World Bioethics) Developing World Bioethics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2259016 Wed, 11 Mar 2009 04:00:00 +0100 2259016 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2070950&cid=s_31004_74_f&fid=31004&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1471-8847.2008.00245.x We report here the results of reviewing two entomological field studies carried out in our research center from 2003 to 2006. Eight students from our School of Biology were invited to catch sand flies. A total of six of the eight (75%) developed a typical clinical picture of Localized Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (LCL) caused by L. (L.) mexicana. In this article we identify the ethical issues related to these kinds of studies and propose some guidelines for conducting them. (Source: Developing World Bioethics) Developing World Bioethics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2070950 Thu, 01 Jan 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2070950 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2070952&cid=s_31004_74_f&fid=31004&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1471-8847.2008.00243.x A needs assessment survey of ethics review committees (ERCs) across Africa was conducted in order to establish their major needs and areas of weaknesses in terms of ethical review capacity. The response rate was 84% (31 of 37 targeted committees), and committees surveyed were located in 18 African countries. The majority of the responding committees (61%) have been in existence between 5 and 10 years; approximately 74% of the respondents were institutional committees, with the remainder being either national (6/31) or regional (2/31). In terms of the ethical review process, nine of the 31 committees that responded did not have standard operating procedures (SOPs), and seven of the 22 that did have SOPs had never revised them after their initial development (an average period of three years... Developing World Bioethics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2070952 Mon, 29 Dec 2008 05:00:00 +0100 2070952 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2070951&cid=s_31004_74_f&fid=31004&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1471-8847.2008.00244.x (Source: Developing World Bioethics) Developing World Bioethics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2070951 Mon, 29 Dec 2008 05:00:00 +0100 2070951 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1695302&cid=s_31004_74_f&fid=31004&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1471-8847.2008.00240.x This paper examines the case of a recent H5N1virus (avian influenza) outbreak in West Bengal, an eastern state of India, and argues that poorly executed pandemic management may be viewed as a moral lapse. It further argues that pandemic management initiatives are intimately related to the concept of health as a social 'good' and to the moral responsibility of protection from foreseeable social harm from an infectious disease. The initiatives, therefore, have to be guided by special moral obligations towards biorisk reduction, obligations which remain unfulfilled when a public body entrusted with the responsibility fails to manage satisfactorily the prevention and control of the infection. The overall conclusion is that pandemic management has a moral dimension. The gravity of the threat th... Developing World Bioethics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1695302 Tue, 12 Aug 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1695302 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1688225&cid=s_31004_74_f&fid=31004&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1471-8847.2007.00226.x This paper integrates some Buddhist moral values, attitudes and self-cultivation techniques into a discussion of the ethics of cognitive enhancement technologies [ndash] in particular, pharmaceutical enhancements. Many Buddhists utilize meditation techniques that are both integral to their practice and are believed to enhance the cognitive and affective states of experienced practitioners. Additionally, Mahāyāna Buddhism's teaching on skillful means permits a liberal use of methods or techniques in Buddhist practice that yield insight into our selfnature or aid in alleviating or eliminating dukha (i.e. dissatisfaction). These features of many, if not most, Buddhist traditions will inform much of the Buddhist assessment of pharmaceutical enhancements offered in this paper. Som... Developing World Bioethics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1688225 Fri, 08 Aug 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1688225 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1659727&cid=s_31004_74_f&fid=31004&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1471-8847.2008.00239.x The ethics of conducting research in epidemic situations have yet to account fully for differences in the proportion and acuteness of epidemics, among other factors. While epidemics most often arise from infectious diseases, not all infectious diseases are of epidemic proportions, and not all epidemics occur acutely. These and other variations constrain the generalization of ethical decision-making and impose ethical demands on the individual researcher in a way not previously highlighted. This paper discusses a number of such constraints and impositions. It applies the ethical principles enunciated by Emmanuel et al.1 to the controversial Pfizer study in Nigeria in order to highlight the particular ethical concerns of acute epidemic research, and suggest ways of meeting such challenges. T... Developing World Bioethics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1659727 Tue, 29 Jul 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1659727 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1624556&cid=s_31004_74_f&fid=31004&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1471-8847.2008.00238.x To participate in health research, there is a need for well-administered informed consent. Understanding of informed consent, especially in international health research, is influenced by the participants' understanding of information and the meaning attached to the information communicated to them regarding the purpose and procedure of the research. Incorrect information and the power differential between researcher and participants may lead to participants becoming victims of harmful research procedures. Meningitis epidemics in Kano in early 1996 led to a response from drug companies, especially Pfizer, as well as humanitarian workers from Médecins Sans Frontiers, which resulted in an unethical trial. Pfizer's drug trial during the epidemics has left a lasting controversy, which has yet... Developing World Bioethics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1624556 Wed, 16 Jul 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1624556 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1614321&cid=s_31004_74_f&fid=31004&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1471-8847.2006.00183.x Conclusion: The process for obtaining informed consent was seen as a means of establishing a relationship between the volunteers and the investigator/research team. The information that the study participants expected to be given coincides with the requirements established under Resolution 196/96. The use of audiovisual aids would improve understanding of the information provided. (Source: Developing World Bioethics) Developing World Bioethics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1614321 Sun, 13 Jul 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1614321 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1406298&cid=s_31004_74_f&fid=31004&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.blackwell-synergy.com%2Fdoi%2Fabs%2F10.1111%2Fj.1471-8847.2008.00234.x%3Fai%3D2ep%26mi%3D4mpuw%26af%3DR Developing World Bioethics, Volume 0, Issue 0, Page ???, OnlineEarly Articles. ABSTRACT Most writing on informed consent in Africa highlights different cultural and social attributes that influence informed consent practices, especially in research settings. This review presents a composite picture of informed consent in Nigeria ... (Source: Developing World Bioethics) Developing World Bioethics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1406298 Tue, 29 Apr 2008 18:37:38 +0100 1406298 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1403760&cid=s_31004_74_f&fid=31004&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.blackwell-synergy.com%2Fdoi%2Fabs%2F10.1111%2Fj.1471-8847.2008.00233.x%3Fai%3D2ep%26mi%3D4mpuw%26af%3DR Developing World Bioethics, Volume 0, Issue 0, Page ???, OnlineEarly Articles. ABSTRACT Objective: Ethical guidelines are designed to ensure benefits, protection and respect of participants in clinical research. Clinical trials must now be registered on open-access databases and provide details on ethical considerations. This ... (Source: Developing World Bioethics) Developing World Bioethics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1403760 Mon, 28 Apr 2008 18:14:00 +0100 1403760 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1398703&cid=s_31004_74_f&fid=31004&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.blackwell-synergy.com%2Fdoi%2Fabs%2F10.1111%2Fj.1471-8847.2008.00235.x%3Fai%3D2ep%26mi%3D4mpuw%26af%3DR In this study, we analyzed a set of 461 peer-reviewed articles with neuroethics content, ... (Source: Developing World Bioethics) Developing World Bioethics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1398703 Fri, 25 Apr 2008 18:30:18 +0100 1398703 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1277085&cid=s_31004_74_f&fid=31004&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.blackwell-synergy.com%2Fdoi%2Fabs%2F10.1111%2Fj.1471-8847.2007.00205.x%3Fai%3D2ep%26mi%3D4mpuw%26af%3DR Developing World Bioethics, Volume 8, Issue 1, Page 51-52, April 2008. (Source: Developing World Bioethics) Developing World Bioethics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1277085 Mon, 03 Mar 2008 23:45:27 +0100 1277085 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1277086&cid=s_31004_74_f&fid=31004&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.blackwell-synergy.com%2Fdoi%2Fabs%2F10.1111%2Fj.1471-8847.2006.00170.x%3Fai%3D2ep%26mi%3D4mpuw%26af%3DR Developing World Bioethics, Volume 8, Issue 1, Page 53-55, April 2008. (Source: Developing World Bioethics) Developing World Bioethics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1277086 Mon, 03 Mar 2008 23:45:26 +0100 1277086 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1277083&cid=s_31004_74_f&fid=31004&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.blackwell-synergy.com%2Fdoi%2Fabs%2F10.1111%2Fj.1471-8847.2007.00222.x%3Fai%3D2ep%26mi%3D4mpuw%26af%3DR Developing World Bioethics, Volume 8, Issue 1, Page 23-32, April 2008. ABSTRACT Since the introduction of drugs to prevent vertical transmission of HIV, the purpose of and approach to HIV testing of pregnant women has increasingly become an area of major controversy. In recent years, many strategies to increase the uptake ... (Source: Developing World Bioethics) Developing World Bioethics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1277083 Mon, 03 Mar 2008 23:44:35 +0100 1277083 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1277084&cid=s_31004_74_f&fid=31004&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.blackwell-synergy.com%2Fdoi%2Fabs%2F10.1111%2Fj.1471-8847.2008.00230.x%3Fai%3D2ep%26mi%3D4mpuw%26af%3DR This article critically evaluates how prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) programs, the ... (Source: Developing World Bioethics) Developing World Bioethics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1277084 Mon, 03 Mar 2008 23:44:18 +0100 1277084 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1277082&cid=s_31004_74_f&fid=31004&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.blackwell-synergy.com%2Fdoi%2Fabs%2F10.1111%2Fj.1471-8847.2008.00231.x%3Fai%3D2ep%26mi%3D4mpuw%26af%3DR Developing World Bioethics, Volume 8, Issue 1, Page iii-vi, April 2008. (Source: Developing World Bioethics) Developing World Bioethics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1277082 Mon, 03 Mar 2008 23:44:05 +0100 1277082 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1277087&cid=s_31004_74_f&fid=31004&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.blackwell-synergy.com%2Fdoi%2Fabs%2F10.1111%2Fj.1471-8847.2008.00232.x%3Fai%3D2ep%26mi%3D4mpuw%26af%3DR Developing World Bioethics, Volume 8, Issue 1, Page 56-57, April 2008. (Source: Developing World Bioethics) Developing World Bioethics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1277087 Mon, 03 Mar 2008 23:44:01 +0100 1277087 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1267705&cid=s_31004_74_f&fid=31004&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.blackwell-synergy.com%2Fdoi%2Fabs%2F10.1111%2Fj.1471-8847.2007.00226.x%3Fai%3D2ep%26mi%3D4mpuw%26af%3DR Developing World Bioethics, Volume 0, Issue 0, Page ???, OnlineEarly Articles. ABSTRACT This paper integrates some Buddhist moral values, attitudes and self-cultivation techniques into a discussion of the ethics of cognitive enhancement technologies – in particular, pharmaceutical enhancements. Many Buddhists utilize meditation ... (Source: Developing World Bioethics) Developing World Bioethics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1267705 Fri, 29 Feb 2008 19:16:25 +0100 1267705 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1260901&cid=s_31004_74_f&fid=31004&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.blackwell-synergy.com%2Fdoi%2Fabs%2F10.1111%2Fj.1471-8847.2008.00229.x%3Fai%3D2ep%26mi%3D4mpuw%26af%3DR Developing World Bioethics, Volume 0, Issue 0, Page ???, OnlineEarly Articles. ABSTRACT This paper reports on a multidisciplinary meeting held to discuss ethical issues in medical research in the developing world. Many studies, including clinical trials, are conducted in developing countries with a high burden of disease. ... (Source: Developing World Bioethics) Developing World Bioethics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1260901 Wed, 27 Feb 2008 19:15:26 +0100 1260901 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2504990&cid=s_31004_74_f&fid=31004&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1471-8847.2008.00229.x This paper reports on a multidisciplinary meeting held to discuss ethical issues in medical research in the developing world. Many studies, including clinical trials, are conducted in developing countries with a high burden of disease. Conditions under which this research is conducted vary because of differences in culture, public health, political, legal and social contexts specific to these countries. Research practices, including standards of care for participants, may vary as a result. It is therefore not surprising that ethical issues emerge. This meeting sought to identify and discuss these issues from the perspectives of the many actors in such research, including community representatives, with a view to finding ethical and pragmatic solutions to these issues. Dialogue between thes... Developing World Bioethics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2504990 Wed, 27 Feb 2008 00:00:00 +0100 2504990 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1211557&cid=s_31004_74_f&fid=31004&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.blackwell-synergy.com%2Fdoi%2Fabs%2F10.1111%2Fj.1471-8847.2008.00228.x%3Fai%3D2ep%26mi%3D4mpuw%26af%3DR Developing World Bioethics, Volume 0, Issue 0, Page ???, OnlineEarly Articles. ABSTRACT International research enrolling human subjects has raised an ethical concern regarding the just distribution of benefits between the countries that design the research and the host communities. Although several universal declarations have ... (Source: Developing World Bioethics) Developing World Bioethics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1211557 Wed, 06 Feb 2008 19:14:23 +0100 1211557 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1211558&cid=s_31004_74_f&fid=31004&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.blackwell-synergy.com%2Fdoi%2Fabs%2F10.1111%2Fj.1471-8847.2008.00227.x%3Fai%3D2ep%26mi%3D4mpuw%26af%3DR Developing World Bioethics, Volume 0, Issue 0, Page ???, OnlineEarly Articles. ABSTRACT HIV/AIDS continues to constitute a serious threat to the social and physical wellbeing of African mothers and their babies. In the hardest hit countries of sub-Saharan Africa, more than 60% of all new HIV infections are occurring in women, ... (Source: Developing World Bioethics) Developing World Bioethics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1211558 Wed, 06 Feb 2008 07:38:39 +0100 1211558 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2504989&cid=s_31004_74_f&fid=31004&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1471-8847.2008.00228.x This article analyzes the distribution of benefits in a review of international research in Mexico and produces an ethical reflection based on the results. (Source: Developing World Bioethics) Developing World Bioethics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2504989 Tue, 05 Feb 2008 00:00:00 +0100 2504989 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1102774&cid=s_31004_74_f&fid=31004&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.blackwell-synergy.com%2Fdoi%2Fabs%2F10.1111%2Fj.1471-8847.2007.00225.x%3Fai%3D2ep%26mi%3D4mpuw%26af%3DR Developing World Bioethics, Volume 0, Issue 0, Page ???, OnlineEarly Articles. ABSTRACT Objective: To identify perceived barriers to capacity building for local research ethics oversight in El Salvador, and to set an agenda for international collaborative capacity building. Methods: Focus groups were formed in El Salvador which ... (Source: Developing World Bioethics) Developing World Bioethics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1102774 Tue, 18 Dec 2007 19:04:56 +0100 1102774 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1089751&cid=s_31004_74_f&fid=31004&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.blackwell-synergy.com%2Fdoi%2Fabs%2F10.1111%2Fj.1471-8847.2007.00221.x%3Fai%3D2ep%26mi%3D4mpuw%26af%3DR Developing World Bioethics, Volume 0, Issue 0, Page ???, OnlineEarly Articles. ABSTRACT An ethical analysis of Jordan's Clinical Research Law, which became effective in 2001, was performed. Accordingly, this paper discusses the major components, key strengths and weaknesses of this law. As an initial effort, the Law addresses ... (Source: Developing World Bioethics) Developing World Bioethics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1089751 Wed, 12 Dec 2007 19:07:47 +0100 1089751 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1086979&cid=s_31004_74_f&fid=31004&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.blackwell-synergy.com%2Fdoi%2Fabs%2F10.1111%2Fj.1471-8847.2007.00223.x%3Fai%3D2ep%26mi%3D4mpuw%26af%3DR Developing World Bioethics, Volume 0, Issue 0, Page ???, OnlineEarly Articles. ABSTRACT Global debates in approaches to HIV/AIDS control have recently moved away from a uniformly strong human rights-based focus. Public health utilitarianism has become increasingly important in shaping national and international policies. However, ... (Source: Developing World Bioethics) Developing World Bioethics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1086979 Tue, 11 Dec 2007 19:05:11 +0100 1086979 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1045766&cid=s_31004_74_f&fid=31004&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.blackwell-synergy.com%2Fdoi%2Fabs%2F10.1111%2Fj.1471-8847.2007.00222.x%3Fai%3D2ep%26mi%3D4mpuw%26af%3DR Developing World Bioethics, Volume 0, Issue 0, Page ???, -Not available-. ABSTRACT Since the introduction of drugs to prevent vertical transmission of HIV, the purpose of and approach to HIV testing of pregnant women has increasingly become an area of major controversy. In recent years, many strategies to increase the uptake ... (Source: Developing World Bioethics) Developing World Bioethics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1045766 Thu, 22 Nov 2007 19:10:20 +0100 1045766 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1026446&cid=s_31004_74_f&fid=31004&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.blackwell-synergy.com%2Fdoi%2Fabs%2F10.1111%2Fj.1471-8847.2007.00191.x%3Fai%3D2ep%26mi%3D4mpuw%26af%3DR Developing World Bioethics, Volume 7, Issue 3, Page 157-162, December 2007. (Source: Developing World Bioethics) Developing World Bioethics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1026446 Wed, 14 Nov 2007 09:42:38 +0100 1026446 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1026450&cid=s_31004_74_f&fid=31004&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.blackwell-synergy.com%2Fdoi%2Fabs%2F10.1111%2Fj.1471-8847.2007.00215.x%3Fai%3D2ep%26mi%3D4mpuw%26af%3DR Developing World Bioethics, Volume 7, Issue 3, Page 172, December 2007. (Source: Developing World Bioethics) Developing World Bioethics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1026450 Wed, 14 Nov 2007 09:42:37 +0100 1026450 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1026449&cid=s_31004_74_f&fid=31004&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.blackwell-synergy.com%2Fdoi%2Fabs%2F10.1111%2Fj.1471-8847.2007.00219.x%3Fai%3D2ep%26mi%3D4mpuw%26af%3DR Developing World Bioethics, Volume 7, Issue 3, Page 171, December 2007. (Source: Developing World Bioethics) Developing World Bioethics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1026449 Wed, 14 Nov 2007 09:42:37 +0100 1026449 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1026448&cid=s_31004_74_f&fid=31004&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.blackwell-synergy.com%2Fdoi%2Fabs%2F10.1111%2Fj.1471-8847.2007.00161.x%3Fai%3D2ep%26mi%3D4mpuw%26af%3DR Developing World Bioethics, Volume 7, Issue 3, Page 168-170, December 2007. (Source: Developing World Bioethics) Developing World Bioethics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1026448 Wed, 14 Nov 2007 09:42:37 +0100 1026448 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1026445&cid=s_31004_74_f&fid=31004&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.blackwell-synergy.com%2Fdoi%2Fabs%2F10.1111%2Fj.1471-8847.2007.00210.x%3Fai%3D2ep%26mi%3D4mpuw%26af%3DR Developing World Bioethics, Volume 7, Issue 3, Page ii-iv, December 2007. (Source: Developing World Bioethics) Developing World Bioethics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1026445 Wed, 14 Nov 2007 09:42:37 +0100 1026445 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1026451&cid=s_31004_74_f&fid=31004&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.blackwell-synergy.com%2Fdoi%2Fabs%2F10.1111%2Fj.1471-8847.2007.00216.x%3Fai%3D2ep%26mi%3D4mpuw%26af%3DR Developing World Bioethics, Volume 7, Issue 3, Page 173, December 2007. (Source: Developing World Bioethics) Developing World Bioethics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1026451 Wed, 14 Nov 2007 09:42:36 +0100 1026451 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1026447&cid=s_31004_74_f&fid=31004&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.blackwell-synergy.com%2Fdoi%2Fabs%2F10.1111%2Fj.1471-8847.2007.00160.x%3Fai%3D2ep%26mi%3D4mpuw%26af%3DR Developing World Bioethics, Volume 7, Issue 3, Page 166-168, December 2007. (Source: Developing World Bioethics) Developing World Bioethics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1026447 Wed, 14 Nov 2007 09:42:36 +0100 1026447 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=972219&cid=s_31004_74_f&fid=31004&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.blackwell-synergy.com%2Fdoi%2Fabs%2F10.1111%2Fj.1471-8847.2007.00220.x%3Fai%3D2ep%26mi%3D4mpuw%26af%3DR Developing World Bioethics, Volume 0, Issue 0, Page ???, -Not available-. ABSTRACT Laws in China relating to HIV disclosure are inconsistent. After a patient has tested HIV-positive, service providers struggle to decide who should be informed first: patients, family members, or both. To understand service providers' attitudes ... (Source: Developing World Bioethics) Developing World Bioethics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=972219 Tue, 23 Oct 2007 18:08:56 +0100 972219 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=934828&cid=s_31004_74_f&fid=31004&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.blackwell-synergy.com%2Fdoi%2Fabs%2F10.1111%2Fj.1471-8847.2007.00218.x%3Fai%3D2ep%26mi%3D4mpuw%26af%3DR Developing World Bioethics Volume 0, Issue 0, Page ???-???. ABSTRACT Every year approximately 18 million people die prematurely from treatable medical conditions including infectious diseases and nutritional deficiencies. The deaths occur primarily amongst the poorest citizens of poor developing nations. Various g... (Source: Developing World Bioethics) Developing World Bioethics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=934828 Mon, 08 Oct 2007 18:05:36 +0100 934828 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=920747&cid=s_31004_74_f&fid=31004&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.blackwell-synergy.com%2Fdoi%2Fabs%2F10.1111%2Fj.1471-8847.2007.00217.x%3Fai%3D2ep%26mi%3D4mpuw%26af%3DR Developing World Bioethics Volume 0, Issue 0, Page ???-???. ABSTRACT Given its intimate relationship with the human body and its environment, biotechnology innovation, and more particularly stem cell research innovations as a part thereof, implicate diverse social and moral/ethical issues. This paper explores some... (Source: Developing World Bioethics) Developing World Bioethics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=920747 Tue, 02 Oct 2007 18:12:31 +0100 920747 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=920748&cid=s_31004_74_f&fid=31004&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.blackwell-synergy.com%2Fdoi%2Fabs%2F10.1111%2Fj.1471-8847.2007.OEhold999.x%3Fai%3D2ep%26mi%3D4mpuw%26af%3DR Developing World Bioethics Volume 0, Issue 0, Page ???-???. What is OnlineEarly? OnlineEarly is a Blackwell Synergy service where fully corrected, fully web-functional and complete articles are published online as and when they are ready, prior to their ultimate inclusion in a print issue. This service is a benefi... (Source: Developing World Bioethics) Developing World Bioethics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=920748 Tue, 02 Oct 2007 13:48:58 +0100 920748 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=902158&cid=s_31004_74_f&fid=31004&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.blackwell-synergy.com%2Fdoi%2Fabs%2F10.1111%2Fj.1471-8847.2007.00212.x%3Fai%3D2ep%26mi%3D4mpuw%26af%3DR Developing World Bioethics Volume 0, Issue 0, Page ???-???. (Source: Developing World Bioethics) Developing World Bioethics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=902158 Tue, 25 Sep 2007 18:03:27 +0100 902158 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=884894&cid=s_31004_74_f&fid=31004&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.blackwell-synergy.com%2Fdoi%2Fabs%2F10.1111%2Fj.1471-8847.2007.00213.x%3Fai%3D2ep%26mi%3D4mpuw%26af%3DR Developing World Bioethics Volume 0, Issue 0, Page ???-???. (Source: Developing World Bioethics) Developing World Bioethics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=884894 Wed, 19 Sep 2007 18:04:52 +0100 884894 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=884895&cid=s_31004_74_f&fid=31004&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.blackwell-synergy.com%2Fdoi%2Fabs%2F10.1111%2Fj.1471-8847.2007.00214.x%3Fai%3D2ep%26mi%3D4mpuw%26af%3DR Developing World Bioethics Volume 0, Issue 0, Page ???-???. ABSTRACT Despite recent advances in ways to prevent transmission of HIV from a mother to her child during pregnancy, infants continue to be born and become infected with HIV, particularly in southern Africa where HIV prevalence is the highest in the world... (Source: Developing World Bioethics) Developing World Bioethics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=884895 Wed, 19 Sep 2007 10:08:48 +0100 884895 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=863195&cid=s_31004_74_f&fid=31004&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.blackwell-synergy.com%2Fdoi%2Fabs%2F10.1111%2Fj.1471-8847.2007.00208.x%3Fai%3D2ep%26mi%3D4mpuw%26af%3DR Developing World Bioethics Volume 0, Issue 0, Page ???-???. ABSTRACT Various mechanisms to ensure the protection of subjects in human research have been suggested, including the presence of witnesses during the informed consent process. For our commentary on the use of witnesses and their potential role and respon... (Source: Developing World Bioethics) Developing World Bioethics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=863195 Tue, 11 Sep 2007 18:05:46 +0100 863195 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=762510&cid=s_31004_74_f&fid=31004&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.blackwell-synergy.com%2Fdoi%2Fabs%2F10.1111%2Fj.1471-8847.2007.00209.x%3Fai%3D2ep%26mi%3D4mpuw%26af%3DR Developing World Bioethics Volume 0, Issue 0, Page ???-???. ABSTRACT As a result of increased interest in global health, more and more medical students and trainees from the ‘developed world’ are working and studying in the ‘developing world’. However, while opportunities to do this important work increase, there ... (Source: Developing World Bioethics) Developing World Bioethics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=762510 Fri, 27 Jul 2007 18:05:51 +0100 762510 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=714534&cid=s_31004_74_f&fid=31004&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.blackwell-synergy.com%2Fdoi%2Fabs%2F10.1111%2Fj.1471-8847.2007.00196.x%3Fai%3D2ep%26mi%3D4mpuw%26af%3DR Developing World Bioethics Volume 7, Issue 2, Page 114-116, Aug 2007. (Source: Developing World Bioethics) Developing World Bioethics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=714534 Wed, 04 Jul 2007 14:05:07 +0100 714534 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=714536&cid=s_31004_74_f&fid=31004&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.blackwell-synergy.com%2Fdoi%2Fabs%2F10.1111%2Fj.1471-8847.2007.00206.x%3Fai%3D2ep%26mi%3D4mpuw%26af%3DR Developing World Bioethics Volume 7, Issue 2, Page 118-118, Aug 2007. (Source: Developing World Bioethics) Developing World Bioethics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=714536 Wed, 04 Jul 2007 14:05:06 +0100 714536 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=714535&cid=s_31004_74_f&fid=31004&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.blackwell-synergy.com%2Fdoi%2Fabs%2F10.1111%2Fj.1471-8847.2007.00204.x%3Fai%3D2ep%26mi%3D4mpuw%26af%3DR Developing World Bioethics Volume 7, Issue 2, Page 117-117, Aug 2007. (Source: Developing World Bioethics) Developing World Bioethics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=714535 Wed, 04 Jul 2007 14:05:06 +0100 714535 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=714533&cid=s_31004_74_f&fid=31004&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.blackwell-synergy.com%2Fdoi%2Fabs%2F10.1111%2Fj.1471-8847.2006.00171.x%3Fai%3D2ep%26mi%3D4mpuw%26af%3DR Developing World Bioethics Volume 7, Issue 2, Page 112-113, Aug 2007. (Source: Developing World Bioethics) Developing World Bioethics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=714533 Wed, 04 Jul 2007 14:05:06 +0100 714533 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=714531&cid=s_31004_74_f&fid=31004&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.blackwell-synergy.com%2Fdoi%2Fabs%2F10.1111%2Fj.1471-8847.2007.00202.x%3Fai%3D2ep%26mi%3D4mpuw%26af%3DR Developing World Bioethics Volume 7, Issue 2, Page 64-67, Aug 2007. ABSTRACT This paper discusses the Brazilian Supreme Court ruling on the case of anencephaly. In Brazil, abortion is a crime against the life of a fetus, and selective abortion of non-viable fetuses is prohibited. Following a paradigmatic case discussed by... (Source: Developing World Bioethics) Developing World Bioethics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=714531 Wed, 04 Jul 2007 14:05:06 +0100 714531 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=714532&cid=s_31004_74_f&fid=31004&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.blackwell-synergy.com%2Fdoi%2Fabs%2F10.1111%2Fj.1471-8847.2007.00201.x%3Fai%3D2ep%26mi%3D4mpuw%26af%3DR This study is an ethical reflection on the formulation and application of public policies regarding reproductive health in Brazil. The Integral Assistance Program for Women's Health (PAISM) can be considered advanced for a country in development.... (Source: Developing World Bioethics) Developing World Bioethics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=714532 Wed, 04 Jul 2007 14:04:53 +0100 714532 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=714530&cid=s_31004_74_f&fid=31004&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.blackwell-synergy.com%2Fdoi%2Fabs%2F10.1111%2Fj.1471-8847.2007.00203.x%3Fai%3D2ep%26mi%3D4mpuw%26af%3DR Developing World Bioethics Volume 7, Issue 2, Page ii-iv, Aug 2007. (Source: Developing World Bioethics) Developing World Bioethics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=714530 Wed, 04 Jul 2007 14:04:53 +0100 714530 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=657065&cid=s_31004_74_f&fid=31004&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.blackwell-synergy.com%2Fdoi%2Fabs%2F10.1111%2Fj.1471-8847.2007.00197.x%3Fai%3D2ep%26mi%3D4mpuw%26af%3DR Developing World Bioethics Volume 0, Issue 0, Page ???-???. (Source: Developing World Bioethics) Developing World Bioethics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=657065 Tue, 05 Jun 2007 18:10:31 +0100 657065 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=657066&cid=s_31004_74_f&fid=31004&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.blackwell-synergy.com%2Fdoi%2Fabs%2F10.1111%2Fj.1471-8847.2007.00200.x%3Fai%3D2ep%26mi%3D4mpuw%26af%3DR Developing World Bioethics Volume 0, Issue 0, Page ???-???. (Source: Developing World Bioethics) Developing World Bioethics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=657066 Tue, 05 Jun 2007 09:44:53 +0100 657066 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=657068&cid=s_31004_74_f&fid=31004&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.blackwell-synergy.com%2Fdoi%2Fabs%2F10.1111%2Fj.1471-8847.2007.00199.x%3Fai%3D2ep%26mi%3D4mpuw%26af%3DR Developing World Bioethics Volume 0, Issue 0, Page ???-???. (Source: Developing World Bioethics) Developing World Bioethics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=657068 Tue, 05 Jun 2007 09:44:52 +0100 657068 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=657067&cid=s_31004_74_f&fid=31004&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.blackwell-synergy.com%2Fdoi%2Fabs%2F10.1111%2Fj.1471-8847.2007.00198.x%3Fai%3D2ep%26mi%3D4mpuw%26af%3DR Developing World Bioethics Volume 0, Issue 0, Page ???-???. (Source: Developing World Bioethics) Developing World Bioethics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=657067 Tue, 05 Jun 2007 09:44:52 +0100 657067 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=657069&cid=s_31004_74_f&fid=31004&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.blackwell-synergy.com%2Fdoi%2Fabs%2F10.1111%2Fj.1471-8847.2007.00195.x%3Fai%3D2ep%26mi%3D4mpuw%26af%3DR Developing World Bioethics Volume 0, Issue 0, Page ???-???. (Source: Developing World Bioethics) Developing World Bioethics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=657069 Tue, 05 Jun 2007 09:42:40 +0100 657069 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=497202&cid=s_31004_74_f&fid=31004&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.blackwell-synergy.com%2Fdoi%2Fabs%2F10.1111%2Fj.1471-8847.2007.00194.x%3Fai%3D2ep%26mi%3D4mpuw%26af%3DR Developing World Bioethics Volume 0, Issue 0, Page ???-???. (Source: Developing World Bioethics) Developing World Bioethics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=497202 Fri, 23 Mar 2007 18:17:58 +0100 497202 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=497203&cid=s_31004_74_f&fid=31004&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.blackwell-synergy.com%2Fdoi%2Fabs%2F10.1111%2Fj.1471-8847.2007.00193.x%3Fai%3D2ep%26mi%3D4mpuw%26af%3DR Developing World Bioethics Volume 0, Issue 0, Page ???-???. (Source: Developing World Bioethics) Developing World Bioethics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=497203 Wed, 21 Mar 2007 11:23:13 +0100 497203 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=497204&cid=s_31004_74_f&fid=31004&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.blackwell-synergy.com%2Fdoi%2Fabs%2F10.1111%2Fj.1471-8847.2007.00192.x%3Fai%3D2ep%26mi%3D4mpuw%26af%3DR Developing World Bioethics Volume 0, Issue 0, Page ???-???. (Source: Developing World Bioethics) Developing World Bioethics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=497204 Wed, 21 Mar 2007 11:22:19 +0100 497204 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=478381&cid=s_31004_74_f&fid=31004&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.blackwell-synergy.com%2Fdoi%2Fabs%2F10.1111%2Fj.1471-8847.2007.00191.x%3Fai%3D2ep%26mi%3D4mpuw%26af%3DR Developing World Bioethics Volume 0, Issue 0, Page ???-???. (Source: Developing World Bioethics) Developing World Bioethics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=478381 Sat, 17 Mar 2007 20:12:12 +0100 478381 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=478383&cid=s_31004_74_f&fid=31004&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.blackwell-synergy.com%2Fdoi%2Fabs%2F10.1111%2Fj.1471-8847.2007.00189.x%3Fai%3D2ep%26mi%3D4mpuw%26af%3DR Developing World Bioethics Volume 0, Issue 0, Page ???-???. (Source: Developing World Bioethics) Developing World Bioethics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=478383 Fri, 16 Mar 2007 12:51:08 +0100 478383 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=464035&cid=s_31004_74_f&fid=31004&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.blackwell-synergy.com%2Fdoi%2Fabs%2F10.1111%2Fj.1471-8847.2007.00184.x%3Fai%3D2ep%26mi%3D4mpuw%26af%3DR Developing World Bioethics Volume 7, Issue 1, Page 35-40, Apr 2007. (Source: Developing World Bioethics) Developing World Bioethics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=464035 Tue, 06 Mar 2007 11:45:25 +0100 464035 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=464036&cid=s_31004_74_f&fid=31004&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.blackwell-synergy.com%2Fdoi%2Fabs%2F10.1111%2Fj.1471-8847.2006.00182.x%3Fai%3D2ep%26mi%3D4mpuw%26af%3DR Developing World Bioethics Volume 7, Issue 1, Page 41-44, Apr 2007. (Source: Developing World Bioethics) Developing World Bioethics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=464036 Tue, 06 Mar 2007 11:45:24 +0100 464036 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=464042&cid=s_31004_74_f&fid=31004&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.blackwell-synergy.com%2Fdoi%2Fabs%2F10.1111%2Fj.1471-8847.2007.00188.x%3Fai%3D2ep%26mi%3D4mpuw%26af%3DR Developing World Bioethics Volume 7, Issue 1, Page 53-53, Apr 2007. (Source: Developing World Bioethics) Developing World Bioethics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=464042 Tue, 06 Mar 2007 11:45:23 +0100 464042 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=464037&cid=s_31004_74_f&fid=31004&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.blackwell-synergy.com%2Fdoi%2Fabs%2F10.1111%2Fj.1471-8847.2006.00155.x%3Fai%3D2ep%26mi%3D4mpuw%26af%3DR Developing World Bioethics Volume 7, Issue 1, Page 45-46, Apr 2007. (Source: Developing World Bioethics) Developing World Bioethics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=464037 Tue, 06 Mar 2007 11:45:22 +0100 464037 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=464039&cid=s_31004_74_f&fid=31004&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.blackwell-synergy.com%2Fdoi%2Fabs%2F10.1111%2Fj.1471-8847.2006.00158.x%3Fai%3D2ep%26mi%3D4mpuw%26af%3DR Developing World Bioethics Volume 7, Issue 1, Page 48-49, Apr 2007. (Source: Developing World Bioethics) Developing World Bioethics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=464039 Tue, 06 Mar 2007 11:45:21 +0100 464039 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=464034&cid=s_31004_74_f&fid=31004&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.blackwell-synergy.com%2Fdoi%2Fabs%2F10.1111%2Fj.1471-8847.2007.00187.x%3Fai%3D2ep%26mi%3D4mpuw%26af%3DR Developing World Bioethics Volume 7, Issue 1, Page ii-ii, Apr 2007. (Source: Developing World Bioethics) Developing World Bioethics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=464034 Tue, 06 Mar 2007 11:45:16 +0100 464034 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=464041&cid=s_31004_74_f&fid=31004&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.blackwell-synergy.com%2Fdoi%2Fabs%2F10.1111%2Fj.1471-8847.2006.00159.x%3Fai%3D2ep%26mi%3D4mpuw%26af%3DR Developing World Bioethics Volume 7, Issue 1, Page 51-52, Apr 2007. (Source: Developing World Bioethics) Developing World Bioethics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=464041 Tue, 06 Mar 2007 11:45:10 +0100 464041 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=464038&cid=s_31004_74_f&fid=31004&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.blackwell-synergy.com%2Fdoi%2Fabs%2F10.1111%2Fj.1471-8847.2006.00166.x%3Fai%3D2ep%26mi%3D4mpuw%26af%3DR Developing World Bioethics Volume 7, Issue 1, Page 46-47, Apr 2007. (Source: Developing World Bioethics) Developing World Bioethics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=464038 Tue, 06 Mar 2007 11:45:04 +0100 464038 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=464040&cid=s_31004_74_f&fid=31004&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.blackwell-synergy.com%2Fdoi%2Fabs%2F10.1111%2Fj.1471-8847.2006.00156.x%3Fai%3D2ep%26mi%3D4mpuw%26af%3DR Developing World Bioethics Volume 7, Issue 1, Page 49-50, Apr 2007. (Source: Developing World Bioethics) Developing World Bioethics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=464040 Tue, 06 Mar 2007 11:44:55 +0100 464040 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=434128&cid=s_31004_74_f&fid=31004&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.blackwell-synergy.com%2Fdoi%2Fabs%2F10.1111%2Fj.1471-8847.2007.00186.x%3Fai%3D2ep%26mi%3D4mpuw%26af%3DR Developing World Bioethics Volume 0, Issue 0, Page ???-???. (Source: Developing World Bioethics) Developing World Bioethics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=434128 Tue, 20 Feb 2007 19:06:17 +0100 434128 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=434129&cid=s_31004_74_f&fid=31004&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.blackwell-synergy.com%2Fdoi%2Fabs%2F10.1111%2Fj.1471-8847.2007.00185.x%3Fai%3D2ep%26mi%3D4mpuw%26af%3DR Developing World Bioethics Volume 0, Issue 0, Page ???-???. (Source: Developing World Bioethics) Developing World Bioethics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=434129 Mon, 19 Feb 2007 20:06:07 +0100 434129 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=434130&cid=s_31004_74_f&fid=31004&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.blackwell-synergy.com%2Fdoi%2Fabs%2F10.1111%2Fj.1471-8847.2006.00183.x%3Fai%3D2ep%26mi%3D4mpuw%26af%3DR Developing World Bioethics Volume 0, Issue 0, Page ???-???. (Source: Developing World Bioethics) Developing World Bioethics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=434130 Mon, 19 Feb 2007 20:05:52 +0100 434130 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=342320&cid=s_31004_74_f&fid=31004&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.blackwell-synergy.com%2Fdoi%2Fabs%2F10.1111%2Fj.1471-8847.2006.00181.x%3Fai%3D2ep%26mi%3D4mpuw%26af%3DR Developing World Bioethics Volume 0, Issue 0, Page ???-???. (Source: Developing World Bioethics) Developing World Bioethics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=342320 Fri, 12 Jan 2007 19:05:09 +0100 342320 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=342321&cid=s_31004_74_f&fid=31004&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.blackwell-synergy.com%2Fdoi%2Fabs%2F10.1111%2Fj.1471-8847.2006.00153.x%3Fai%3D2ep%26mi%3D4mpuw%26af%3DR Online early issue. (Source: Developing World Bioethics) Developing World Bioethics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=342321 Fri, 05 Jan 2007 12:57:31 +0100 342321 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=342322&cid=s_31004_74_f&fid=31004&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.blackwell-synergy.com%2Fdoi%2Fabs%2F10.1111%2Fj.1471-8847.2006.00180.x%3Fai%3D2ep%26mi%3D4mpuw%26af%3DR Online early issue. (Source: Developing World Bioethics) Developing World Bioethics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=342322 Fri, 05 Jan 2007 12:57:29 +0100 342322 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=290381&cid=s_31004_74_f&fid=31004&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.blackwell-synergy.com%2Fdoi%2Fabs%2F10.1111%2Fj.1471-8847.2006.00175.x%3Fai%3D2ep Developing World Bioethics Volume 0, Issue 0, Page ???-???. (Source: Developing World Bioethics) Developing World Bioethics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=290381 Sat, 11 Nov 2006 19:11:09 +0100 290381 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=235969&cid=s_31004_74_f&fid=31004&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.blackwell-synergy.com%2Fdoi%2Fabs%2F10.1111%2Fj.1471-8847.2006.00174.x%3Fai%3D2ep%26mi%3D4mpuw%26af%3DR Developing World Bioethics Volume 0, Issue 0, Page ???-???. (Source: Developing World Bioethics) Developing World Bioethics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=235969 Sun, 15 Oct 2006 10:45:01 +0100 235969 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=235973&cid=s_31004_74_f&fid=31004&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.blackwell-synergy.com%2Fdoi%2Fabs%2F10.1111%2Fj.1471-8847.2006.00178.x%3Fai%3D2ep%26mi%3D4mpuw%26af%3DR Developing World Bioethics Volume 6, Issue 3, Page 175-175, Dec 2006. (Source: Developing World Bioethics) Developing World Bioethics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=235973 Fri, 13 Oct 2006 08:48:09 +0100 235973 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=235974&cid=s_31004_74_f&fid=31004&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.blackwell-synergy.com%2Fdoi%2Fabs%2F10.1111%2Fj.1471-8847.2006.00179.x%3Fai%3D2ep%26mi%3D4mpuw%26af%3DR Developing World Bioethics Volume 6, Issue 3, Page 176-177, Dec 2006. (Source: Developing World Bioethics) Developing World Bioethics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=235974 Fri, 13 Oct 2006 08:47:56 +0100 235974 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=235972&cid=s_31004_74_f&fid=31004&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.blackwell-synergy.com%2Fdoi%2Fabs%2F10.1111%2Fj.1471-8847.2006.00177.x%3Fai%3D2ep%26mi%3D4mpuw%26af%3DR Developing World Bioethics Volume 6, Issue 3, Page 174-174, Dec 2006. (Source: Developing World Bioethics) Developing World Bioethics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=235972 Fri, 13 Oct 2006 08:47:49 +0100 235972 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=235971&cid=s_31004_74_f&fid=31004&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.blackwell-synergy.com%2Fdoi%2Fabs%2F10.1111%2Fj.1471-8847.2006.00176.x%3Fai%3D2ep%26mi%3D4mpuw%26af%3DR Developing World Bioethics Volume 6, Issue 3, Page ii-ii, Dec 2006. (Source: Developing World Bioethics) Developing World Bioethics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=235971 Fri, 13 Oct 2006 08:45:04 +0100 235971 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=235970&cid=s_31004_74_f&fid=31004&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.blackwell-synergy.com%2Fdoi%2Fabs%2F10.1111%2Fj.1471-8847.2006.00173.x%3Fai%3D2ep%26mi%3D4mpuw%26af%3DR Developing World Bioethics Volume 0, Issue 0, Page ???-???. (Source: Developing World Bioethics) Developing World Bioethics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=235970 Thu, 12 Oct 2006 20:57:37 +0100 235970