MedWorm.com provides a medical RSS filtering service. Over 6000 RSS medical sources are combined and output via different filters. This feed contains the latest items from the 'Eating Behaviors' source. Sat, 20 Mar 2010 16:31:19 +0100 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3322746&cid=s_35528_164_f&fid=35528&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20188288%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Epstein LH, Dearing KK, Roba LG Behavioral choice theory and laboratory choice paradigms can provide a framework to understand the reinforcing efficacy or reinforcing value of food. Reinforcing efficacy is measured in the laboratory by assessing how much effort one will engage in to gain access to food as the amount of work progressively increases. However, this method to establish demand curves as estimates of reinforcer efficacy is time consuming and limits the number of reinforcers that can be tested. The general aim of this study was to compare the reinforcing efficacy of snack foods using a behavioral task that requires subjects to respond to gain access to portions of food (LAB task) with a questionnaire version of a purchasing task designed to determine demand curves (Q... Eating Behaviors journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3322746 Tue, 02 Mar 2010 20:22:59 +0100 3322746 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3322745&cid=s_35528_164_f&fid=35528&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20188289%26dopt%3DAbstract This study examined the weight loss goals and predictors of these goals among patients participating in obesity treatment in an applied, clinical setting (i.e., managed care organization). Managed care patients enrolled in a behavioral weight loss program (N=143; mean age=46.8years; mean BMI=36.9kg/m(2); 89.5% female; 64.5% Caucasian) completed a self-report survey during an initial weight loss session. The survey included items assessing patients' weight loss expectations, including goals for dream, happy, acceptable, and disappointed weights. Participants completed questions regarding contacts with their primary care physician and physician provision of weight loss counseling and/or referrals. They also provided values for current height and weight. BMI's and weight loss associated with ... Eating Behaviors journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3322745 Tue, 02 Mar 2010 20:22:51 +0100 3322745 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3322744&cid=s_35528_164_f&fid=35528&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20188290%26dopt%3DAbstract This study sought to (a) compare the prevalence and severity of binge eating symptomatology and BED diagnosis in Hispanic, African American, and Caucasian women presenting for gastric bypass surgery, (b) examine the impact of depressive symptoms and stress on binge eating symptomatology, and (c) investigate whether ethnicity moderated any relationship between depression, stress, and binge eating. Results indicated that Hispanic women exhibited equal rates of binge eating symptomatology, BED, and depressive symptomatology as African American and Caucasian women. However, Caucasian women exhibited greater binge eating symptomatology than African American women, and African American women endorsed greater levels of stress than Caucasian women. Across all ethnic groups, depressive symptomatolo... Eating Behaviors journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3322744 Tue, 02 Mar 2010 20:22:47 +0100 3322744 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3322743&cid=s_35528_164_f&fid=35528&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20188291%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Wonderlich-Tierney AL, Vander Wal JS The current study examined the hypotheses that social support and coping moderate and or mediate the relationship between a broad and a narrow form of social anxiety and eating disorder symptoms. One hundred sixty-nine female undergraduates at a private Midwestern university, completed measures of social support, coping, social anxiety, fear of negative evaluation, and disordered eating attitudes and behaviors. Results of hierarchical multiple regression analyses indicated that higher levels of social support are associated with a weaker association between social anxiety and eating disorder symptomatology. Low use of task- and avoidant-oriented (distraction) coping and increased use of emotion-oriented coping are associated with a stronger... Eating Behaviors journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3322743 Tue, 02 Mar 2010 20:22:39 +0100 3322743 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3322742&cid=s_35528_164_f&fid=35528&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20188292%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Root TL, Thornton LM, Lindroos AK, Stunkard AJ, Lichtenstein P, Pedersen NL, Rasmussen F, Bulik CM We applied twin methodology to female and male twin pairs to further understand the nature of the relation between two behaviors associated with eating disorders-binge eating (BE) and night eating (NE) in an effort to determine the extent of overlap of genetic and environmental factors influencing liability to these behaviors. We calculated heritability estimates for males and females for each behavior and applied bivariate twin modeling to the female data to estimate the genetic and environmental correlation between these two traits. Data on BE and NE were derived from the Swedish Twin study of Adults: Genes and Environment (STAGE) of the Swedish Twin Registry (STR; N=11,604). P... Eating Behaviors journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3322742 Tue, 02 Mar 2010 20:22:33 +0100 3322742 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3322741&cid=s_35528_164_f&fid=35528&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20188293%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSIONS: Findings provide preliminary support for the external validity of the clusters. Future research might extend this work by investigating the clusters in relation to recovery, relapse and treatment response. PMID: 20188293 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Eating Behaviors) Eating Behaviors journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3322741 Tue, 02 Mar 2010 20:22:28 +0100 3322741 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3322740&cid=s_35528_164_f&fid=35528&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20188294%26dopt%3DAbstract This study examined social comparisons, appearance related comments and contingent self-esteem, and their relationships with body dissatisfaction and eating disturbance in young adult women. Importantly, the role of both positive and negative appearance related comments, and upward and downward comparisons, were investigated. A self-report questionnaire assessing each of these variables was completed by one hundred and ninety-six women aged 18-35. A higher frequency of negative comments and contingent self-esteem were associated with higher upward comparisons, and more positive comments were associated with higher downward comparisons. Overall, social comparisons were shown to be more important than verbal commentary and contingent self-esteem. More upward comparisons and less downward com... Eating Behaviors journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3322740 Tue, 02 Mar 2010 20:22:24 +0100 3322740 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3322739&cid=s_35528_164_f&fid=35528&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20188295%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Watson HJ, Street H, Raykos BC, Byrne SM, Fursland A, Nathan PR The aim of this study was to develop and validate a self-report measure of Conditional Goal Setting (CGS) for use among individuals with eating disorders, the Conditional Goal Setting in Eating Disorders Scale (CGS-EDS). The CGS-EDS assesses the degree to which an individual believes that the achievement of happiness is contingent upon the attainment of body shape and weight goals. Women with a DSM-IV diagnosed eating disorder consecutively referred to a specialist outpatient clinic (N=238) completed the CGS-EDS and self-report measures of theoretically related constructs. Exploratory factor analysis indicated a one-factor solution, which accounted for 65% of the variance. The CGS-EDS correlated positively with th... Eating Behaviors journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3322739 Tue, 02 Mar 2010 20:22:20 +0100 3322739 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3322738&cid=s_35528_164_f&fid=35528&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20188296%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Lavender JM, De Young KP, Anderson DA Normative data on the Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire for samples of undergraduate men in the United States are presented. Participants were 404 undergraduate men aged 18-26 who completed the EDE-Q as part of two larger survey studies. Mean scores, standard deviations, and percentile ranks for the Global score and four subscale scores are provided. Data regarding the frequency of objective binge eating episodes and compensatory behaviors also are reported. Although the overall prevalence of full threshold eating disorders remains lower in men than in women, body dissatisfaction and disordered eating behaviors are fairly common among young men. These results will help researchers and clinicians interpret the EDE-Q scores of underg... Eating Behaviors journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3322738 Tue, 02 Mar 2010 20:22:15 +0100 3322738 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3322737&cid=s_35528_164_f&fid=35528&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20188297%26dopt%3DAbstract This study identified a specific parenting practice which may contribute to the development of disordered eating behaviors and a potential mechanism to explain this relation. These findings also highlight family emotion-related processes as important for better understanding disordered eating behaviors. PMID: 20188297 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Eating Behaviors) Eating Behaviors journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3322737 Tue, 02 Mar 2010 20:22:12 +0100 3322737 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3322736&cid=s_35528_164_f&fid=35528&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20188298%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSION: EDNOS patients are generally no less clinically impaired than those with BN. However AN patients may be more impaired in some aspects of general functioning compared with BN or EDNOS patients. PMID: 20188298 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Eating Behaviors) Eating Behaviors journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3322736 Tue, 02 Mar 2010 20:22:06 +0100 3322736 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3067673&cid=s_35528_164_f&fid=35528&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19962113%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSIONS: In line with clinical eating disorders, non-clinical disordered eating is associated with emotion recognition deficits. However, the nature of these deficits appears to be dependent upon the type of eating psychopathology and the degree of co-morbid alexithymia. PMID: 19962113 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Eating Behaviors) Eating Behaviors journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3067673 Wed, 09 Dec 2009 00:44:30 +0100 3067673 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3067672&cid=s_35528_164_f&fid=35528&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19962114%26dopt%3DAbstract This study examined the relationships between weight concern and control and theoretically and empirically relevant correlates in a Hispanic college student sample. Participants were 163 Hispanic college students who completed measures assessing demographics, willingness to put health at risk to lose weight, unhealthy weight loss methods, acculturation, body weight and fitness happiness and importance, and sociocultural attitudes toward appearance. Body mass index was also assessed. Females internalized sociocultural attitudes toward appearance more and found personal attractiveness more important than males, while males were less happy with their personal attractiveness. Internalization of sociocultural attitudes toward appearance and BMI predicted the degree to which individuals were wil... Eating Behaviors journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3067672 Wed, 09 Dec 2009 00:44:27 +0100 3067672 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3067671&cid=s_35528_164_f&fid=35528&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19962115%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Befort CA, Donnelly JE, Sullivan DK, Ellerbeck EF, Perri MG Rural women have among the highest rates of obesity and sedentary lifestyle, yet few studies have examined strategies for delivering state-of-the-art obesity treatment to hard-to-reach rural areas. The purpose of this pilot trial was to examine the impact and cost-effectiveness of a 6-month behavioral weight loss program delivered to rural women by phone either one-on-one with a counselor or to a group via conference call. Thirty-four rural women (mean BMI=34.4, SD=4.6) were randomized to group phone-based treatment or individual phone-based treatment. Completers analysis showed that weight loss was greater in the group condition (mean=14.9kg=, SD=4.4) compared to the individual condition (mean=9.5kg, SD=5.2; p=.03). ... Eating Behaviors journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3067671 Wed, 09 Dec 2009 00:44:24 +0100 3067671 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3067670&cid=s_35528_164_f&fid=35528&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19962116%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Ivezaj V, Saules KK, Hoodin F, Alschuler K, Angelella NE, Collings AS, Saunders-Scott D, Wiedemann AA Binge eating is associated with a host of adverse outcomes, but little is known about sex and racial differences among those who binge eat. The present study examined sex and racial group differences in binge eating based on weight status within a college-student population. It was hypothesized that White women would endorse higher rates of binge eating, depression, anxiety, and body image dissatisfaction than other groups. Participants completed a web-based survey assessing depression, anxiety, body image, weight history, physical activity, smoking, and body mass index. Participants included White, Black, and Bi/Multiracial college students. Findings highlighted sex and racia... Eating Behaviors journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3067670 Wed, 09 Dec 2009 00:44:22 +0100 3067670 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3067669&cid=s_35528_164_f&fid=35528&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19962117%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Davis DS, Sbrocco T, Odoms-Young A, Smith DM Traditional body image studies have been constrained by focusing on body thinness as the sole component of attractiveness. Evidence suggests that African American women may hold a multifactorial view of attractiveness that extends beyond size to include factors such as dress attire and race. The current study employed a culturally sensitive silhouette Model Rating Task (MRT) to examine the effects of attire, body size, and race on attractiveness. Unexpectedly, minimal differences on attractiveness ratings emerged by attire, body size, or model race between African American and Caucasian women. Overall, participants preferred the dressed, underweight, and African American models. Factors such as exposure to diverse groups and changes... Eating Behaviors journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3067669 Wed, 09 Dec 2009 00:44:18 +0100 3067669 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3067668&cid=s_35528_164_f&fid=35528&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19962118%26dopt%3DAbstract This study demonstrated the effectiveness and feasibility of an online intervention to prevent weight gain among college students. PMID: 19962118 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Eating Behaviors) Eating Behaviors journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3067668 Wed, 09 Dec 2009 00:44:15 +0100 3067668 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3067667&cid=s_35528_164_f&fid=35528&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19962119%26dopt%3DAbstract This study examined whether those who do and do not respond to follow-up assessments differ before or during treatment. Participants (N=268) receiving residential eating disorders treatment were categorized according to those who did ("responders," n=152) and did not ("non-responders," n=116) complete a one-month follow-up assessment. Among participants diagnosed with bulimia nervosa (n=136), responders exhibited significantly higher scores than non-responders at intake on restraint, weight concern, eating concerns, body dissatisfaction, drive for thinness, and depressive symptoms, and had significantly less improvement in eating concerns during treatment. Among participants with anorexia nervosa (n=132), there were no significant differences between responders and non-responders at intake... Eating Behaviors journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3067667 Wed, 09 Dec 2009 00:44:13 +0100 3067667 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3067666&cid=s_35528_164_f&fid=35528&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19962120%26dopt%3DAbstract We report on the development and validation of a questionnaire that provides independent assessments of thought frequency and emotional valence (positive, negative or neutral). METHOD: In Study 1 questionnaire items were validated against a three-day diary measure with 40 males and females. In Study 2 the questionnaire was administered to 130 males and females alongside a range of other measures. RESULTS: The questionnaire showed good construct validity, internal reliability, and test-retest reliability. Dieters and females scored higher on frequency and negativity subscales. There was also a significant interaction between sex and diet status on thought frequency, with females showing a stronger relationship between the two. DISCUSSION: The questionnaire should be useful for exploring the... Eating Behaviors journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3067666 Wed, 09 Dec 2009 00:44:10 +0100 3067666 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3067665&cid=s_35528_164_f&fid=35528&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19962121%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Reba-Harrelson L, Von Holle A, Hamer RM, Torgersen L, Reichborn-Kjennerud T, Bulik CM The impact of eating disorders on maternal feeding practices and children's eating behaviors is not well understood. In the prospective Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study (MoBa), we compared self-reported feeding behavior in mothers with anorexia nervosa (AN), bulimia nervosa (BN), binge eating disorder (BED), and no eating disorders (No ED) as well as child eating behaviors and psychological symptoms. The sample comprised 13,006 women and their children from a prospective population-based study of 100,000 births throughout Norway. Eating disorder status was measured 6months prior to pregnancy and during pregnancy. Maternal feeding, child eating, and psychological variables were reported... Eating Behaviors journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3067665 Wed, 09 Dec 2009 00:44:08 +0100 3067665 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3067664&cid=s_35528_164_f&fid=35528&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19962122%26dopt%3DAbstract This study tested whether exercising in response to negative affect moderates the association between obligatory exercise and eating and body image psychopathology. Participants (n=226) completed the Eating Disorders Examination-Questionnaire (EDE-Q), Obligatory Exercise Questionnaire (OEQ), and a question assessing whether they ever exercise in response to negative affect. In total, 132 (58.4%) participants endorsed exercising in response to negative affect. Multiple regression analyses revealed significant main effects of negative affect motivated exercise, OEQ total scores, and gender on all four EDE-Q subscales and significant interactions of negative affect motivated exercise and OEQ scores on the Eating Concern, Shape Concern, and Weight Concern scales but not the Restraint scale of ... Eating Behaviors journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3067664 Wed, 09 Dec 2009 00:44:05 +0100 3067664 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2836006&cid=s_35528_164_f&fid=35528&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19778747%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Ochner CN, Gray JA, Brickner K The purpose of this research was to develop, and establish the initial psychometric properties of, the Male Body Dissatisfaction Scale (MBDS). Ninety-five male students were recruited over three phases. An item-remainder analysis was performed in phase I, convergent and discriminant validity assessed in phase II, and test-retest reliability and factor structure assessed in phase III. The MBDS achieved an alpha level of 0.93 and was inversely related to body esteem (p=0.02) and self-esteem (p=0.03), and positively related to how much participants' opinion of themselves was based on their body shape and weight (p<0.01). The MBDS was not related to measures of affect, and was able to distinguish between males endorsing, and not endorsing, elevate... Eating Behaviors journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2836006 Sun, 27 Sep 2009 17:58:27 +0100 2836006 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2836005&cid=s_35528_164_f&fid=35528&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19778748%26dopt%3DAbstract This study investigated whether ethnic differences in dieting history contributed to differences in body dissatisfaction and dietary control, or to differential changes that may occur during weight loss and regain. Eighty-nine EA and AA women underwent dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry to measure body composition and completed questionnaires to assess body dissatisfaction and dietary control before, after, and one year following, a controlled weight-loss intervention. While EA women reported a more extensive dieting history than AA women, this difference did not contribute to ethnic differences in body dissatisfaction and perceived dietary control. During weight loss, body satisfaction improved more for AA women, and during weight regain, dietary self-efficacy worsened to a greater degree f... Eating Behaviors journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2836005 Sun, 27 Sep 2009 17:58:25 +0100 2836005 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2836004&cid=s_35528_164_f&fid=35528&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19778749%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Kral TV, Stunkard AJ, Berkowitz RI, Stettler N, Stallings VA, Kabay A, Faith MS The energy density (ED; kcal/g) of foods, when manipulated in the laboratory, affects short-term energy intake. The aim of this study was to examine if, when given a choice, dietary ED (foods only) and energy intake (expressed as a percentage of subjects' estimated daily energy requirement; EER) at a self-selected, single meal differ for teens born with a different familial predisposition to obesity and as a function of their sex. Subjects (13 males, 17 females) were 12years of age and born at high risk (HR; n=15) or low risk (LR; n=15) for obesity based on maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI; kg/m(2)). The buffet meal, served for lunch and consumed ad libitum, consisted of a variety of foo... Eating Behaviors journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2836004 Sun, 27 Sep 2009 17:58:21 +0100 2836004 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2836003&cid=s_35528_164_f&fid=35528&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19778750%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Raykos BC, Byrne SM, Watson H A confirmatory factor analysis of the factor structure of the Distress Tolerance Scale (DTS) created by Corstorphine et al. [Corstorphine, E., Mountford, V., Tomlinson, S., Waller, G., & Meyer, C. (2007). Distress tolerance in the eating disorders. Eating Behaviors, 8, 91-97.] was conducted to assess whether the scale's purported three factors emerged in a clinical sample of patients with a DSM-IV diagnosed eating disorder. The original three-factor model was generally considered to be a poor fit for the data. Subsequent exploratory factor analysis indicated that a better fit emerged using a four-factor structure. Significant associations were observed between behavioral avoidance of positive affect and eating disorder psychopathology. Implica... Eating Behaviors journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2836003 Sun, 27 Sep 2009 17:58:19 +0100 2836003 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2836002&cid=s_35528_164_f&fid=35528&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19778751%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Shay LE, Seibert D, Watts D, Sbrocco T, Pagliara C The more consistently someone records their food intake the more likely they are to lose weight. We hypothesized that subjects who kept track via their preferred method would demonstrate higher adherence and therefore improved outcomes compared to those who used a non-preferred method. Participants were randomly assigned to use a paper, PDA, or Web-based diary and classified as "Preferred" if they used their preferred method and "Non-Preferred" if they did not. Days adherent to diary use were collected for 12 weeks. Weight, % body fat, waist circumference, and self-efficacy scores were measured at baseline, 6 and 12 weeks. Thirty nine participants completed the 12 week study. Fifty nine percent were male. The mean age was 35 a... Eating Behaviors journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2836002 Sun, 27 Sep 2009 17:58:16 +0100 2836002 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2836001&cid=s_35528_164_f&fid=35528&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19778752%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Lavender JM, Jardin BF, Anderson DA Experiential avoidance, the refusal to accept contact with unpleasant private experiences, is believed to play a role in the onset and maintenance of eating disorders. Preliminary evidence suggests that mindfulness- and acceptance-based interventions that reduce avoidance may be effective in treating disordered eating behaviors. The purpose of the current investigation was to examine whether one form of experiential avoidance (thought suppression) and the theoretically opposing construct of dispositional mindfulness are associated with bulimic symptoms. Undergraduate men (n=219) and women (n=187) completed questionnaires assessing mindful attention and awareness, chronic thought suppression, and bulimic symptoms. A series of hierarchical reg... Eating Behaviors journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2836001 Sun, 27 Sep 2009 17:58:14 +0100 2836001 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2836000&cid=s_35528_164_f&fid=35528&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19778753%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusions emphasize the interactive nature among obesity risk factors. PMID: 19778753 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Eating Behaviors) Eating Behaviors journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2836000 Sun, 27 Sep 2009 17:58:12 +0100 2836000 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2835999&cid=s_35528_164_f&fid=35528&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19778754%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Dennis EA, Flack KD, Davy BM Total energy consumption among United States adults has increased in recent decades, and energy-containing beverages are a significant contributor to this increase. Because beverages are less satiating than solid foods, consumption of energy-containing beverages may increase energy intake and lead to weight gain; trends in food and beverage consumption coinciding with increases in overweight and obesity support this possibility. The purpose of this review is to present what is known about the effect of beverage consumption on short-term (i.e., meal) energy intake, as well as longer-term effects on body weight. Specific beverages addressed include water, other energy-free beverages (diet soft drinks, coffee and tea), and energy-containing beverages ... Eating Behaviors journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2835999 Sun, 27 Sep 2009 17:58:09 +0100 2835999 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2835995&cid=s_35528_164_f&fid=35528&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19778755%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Ambwani S, Hopwood CJ Previous research suggests that heterogeneity in bulimic features can be explained in part by pathoplastic, or varying, interpersonal problems. The present study compared groups of women with bulimic features (N=110) defined by varying interpersonal problems (warm-dominant, warm-submissive, cold-submissive, or cold-dominant) with regard to comorbid psychopathology, personality characteristics, and the influences of dietary restraint and negative affectivity on bulimic psychopathology. As predicted, group differences were not explained by severity of eating-related pathology, socially desirable responding, or the interpretability of interpersonal profiles, although groups unexpectedly differed in depressive symptoms. The warm-submissive group had highest s... Eating Behaviors journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2835995 Sun, 27 Sep 2009 17:58:07 +0100 2835995 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2692214&cid=s_35528_164_f&fid=35528&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19665094%26dopt%3DAbstract This study examined change in eating disorder (ED) symptoms in undergraduate women, and the relationship between change in ED symptoms and change in risk factors. Participants (N=186) completed measures of ED symptoms (i.e., bingeing, purging, and bulimic attitudes) and risk factors (i.e., academic stress, body dissatisfaction, depression, self-esteem, and social insecurity) at two time points, two months apart. ED symptoms were common, with 49% and 40% of the sample endorsing disordered eating an average of at least once per week at Time 1 and Time 2, respectively. Mean scores decreased on all ED symptoms and risk factors except bingeing. However, individual change scores indicated that ED symptoms and risk factors did not change reliably for most women. When change occurred, decreases in... Eating Behaviors journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2692214 Fri, 31 Jul 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2692214 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2692213&cid=s_35528_164_f&fid=35528&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19665095%26dopt%3DAbstract This study compares romantic interest in obese and non-obese students. We surveyed 1217 college students on their demographic characteristics, self-perceptions (self-loathing and drive for thinness), and romantic selectivity. Obese people (especially women) showed strongly negative self-perceptions. Obese people and women were less likely to be selective about the physical traits of their potential partners than nonobese people and men. Obese women preferred overweight (but not obese) partners. Obese men preferred partners in the normal weight range. Results suggest that obesity is associated with predictable alterations in one's romantic attraction to others. PMID: 19665095 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Eating Behaviors) Eating Behaviors journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2692213 Fri, 31 Jul 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2692213 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2692212&cid=s_35528_164_f&fid=35528&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19665096%26dopt%3DAbstract This study examined whether improvements in problem-solving abilities mediate the relation between treatment adherence and weight-loss outcome in the behavioral treatment of obesity. METHOD: 272 women (mean+/-SD age=59.4+/-6.2 years, BMI=36.5+/-4.8) participated in a 6-month lifestyle intervention for obesity. Body weight and problem-solving skills (as measured by the Social Problem Solving Inventory-Revised) were assessed pre- and posttreatment. The completion of self-monitoring logs during the intervention served as the marker of treatment adherence. RESULTS: At posttreatment, participants lost 8.4+/-5.8 kg, an 8.8% reduction in body weight. Changes in weight were associated with increased problem-solving skills and with higher levels of treatment adherence. Improvements in problem-solvi... Eating Behaviors journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2692212 Fri, 31 Jul 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2692212 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2692211&cid=s_35528_164_f&fid=35528&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19665097%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Ross KM, Shivy VA, Mazzeo SE Stigmatization towards obese individuals has not decreased despite the increasing prevalence of obesity. Nonetheless, stigmatization remains difficult to study, given concerns about social desirability. To address this issue, this study used paired comparisons and cluster analysis to examine how undergraduates (n=189) categorized scenarios describing the health-related behaviors of obese individuals. The cluster analysis found that the scenarios were categorized into two distinct clusters. The first cluster included all scenarios with health behaviors indicating high responsibility for body weight. These individuals were perceived as unattractive, lazy, less likeable, less disciplined, and more deserving of their condition compared to individuals i... Eating Behaviors journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2692211 Fri, 31 Jul 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2692211 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2692210&cid=s_35528_164_f&fid=35528&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19665098%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Wilson GT, Perrin NA, Rosselli F, Striegel-Moore RH, Debar LL, Kraemer HC Beliefs about foods and binge eating may influence the development and maintenance of eating disorders and the likelihood that people will seek treatment. We found that the majority of a random sample of members of a large health maintenance organization considered binge eating a problem for which there are effective treatments. Self-reported binge eaters, however, were significantly less likely to agree that there are effective treatments. Two thirds of the sample reported that certain foods are addictive and also believed that strict dieting is an effective means of reducing binge eating. Therapeutic implications of these attitudes are discussed. PMID: 19665098 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Eating... Eating Behaviors journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2692210 Fri, 31 Jul 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2692210 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2692209&cid=s_35528_164_f&fid=35528&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19665099%26dopt%3DAbstract This study examined the correlations between media use, body mass variables, and physical activity among 116 male undergraduates (white n=106; African American n=5, Latin American n=1, Asian American n=2, and 2 others). Length of video game play during one sitting was positively related to body mass index (BMI; r=.27, p<.01) and negatively correlated with frequency of exercise (r=-.21, p<.05) and days of walking (r=-.22, p<.05). Frequency of video game play was negatively correlated with length of exercising (r=-.21, p<.05). Years of video game play was negatively correlated with length of exercise (r=-.21, p<.05). These results were stronger among those who play online games. Hierarchical regression analyses indicated that video game use predicted BMI, accounting for 6.9% o... Eating Behaviors journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2692209 Fri, 31 Jul 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2692209 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2692208&cid=s_35528_164_f&fid=35528&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19665100%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Welch E, Miller JL, Ghaderi A, Vaillancourt T A link between perfectionism and disordered eating has been documented in previous studies. The purpose of the current study was to expand our knowledge of the specific role of perfectionism in disordered eating by examining perfectionism as a mediator or a moderator in the relation between body dissatisfaction and disordered eating (assessed using the EAT-26 and its subscales, and the Binge Scale). We sampled a large ethnically diverse sample of university women (N=520) using two measures of perfectionism: the Eating Disorder Inventory Perfectionism subscale (EDI-P) and the Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale (H-MPS). In general, socially prescribed and self-oriented perfectionism, but not other-oriented perfectionism, were corre... Eating Behaviors journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2692208 Fri, 31 Jul 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2692208 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2692207&cid=s_35528_164_f&fid=35528&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19665101%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Annunziato RA, Timko CA, Crerand CE, Didie ER, Bellace DL, Phelan S, Kerzhnerman I, Lowe MR The purpose of the present study was to examine the relationship between patterns of meal replacement (MR) adherence and changes in outcomes during a behaviorally-oriented weight loss program. Data from the present study are based on sixty female participants (age: 29-62 years, BMI: 27.99-37.50 kg/m(2)). Participants were randomized into either a control or experimental condition, which tested the use of MRs during weight loss maintenance. Outcome measures included body weight, depression, physical activity, cognitive restraint, disinhibition, hunger, and binge eating collected at four assessment points. Within the experimental condition, we further examined adherence to MRs and its rel... Eating Behaviors journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2692207 Fri, 31 Jul 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2692207 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2692206&cid=s_35528_164_f&fid=35528&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19665102%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Jänsch C, Harmer C, Cooper MJ Emotional processing was investigated in patients with anorexia nervosa (AN) and in healthy volunteers (HVs) using self report questionnaires and information processing tasks. Compared to the HVs, patients with AN had lower levels of self reported emotional awareness and expression. They also responded more slowly to, correctly identified fewer emotions and misclassified more emotions in a facial recognition task, and responded more slowly to, and recalled fewer, self-referent emotion words. There were no key differences between the two groups on non-emotional control tasks, suggesting that their deficits are specific to emotional information and not a general feature of the illness. Analysis indicated that some, but not all, of the differenc... Eating Behaviors journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2692206 Fri, 31 Jul 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2692206 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2692205&cid=s_35528_164_f&fid=35528&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19665103%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: MacLaren VV, Best LA Female undergraduate students at two Canadian universities (N = 378) completed the NEO PI-R (Costa, P.T. & McCrae, R.R. (1992). NEO PI-R Professional Manual. Lutz, FL: Psychological Assessment Resources) and the Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-26; Garner, D. M., Olmstead, M. P., Bohr, Y. & Garfinkel, P. E. (1982). The Eating Attitudes Test: Psychometric features and clinical correlates. Psychological Medicine, 12, 871-878.). Eating disorder symptomatic (N = 43) and nonsymptomatic (N = 335) women differed on facets of Neuroticism, Extraversion, and Agreeableness. Among symptomatic women, the Oral Control subscale of the EAT-26 was correlated significantly with facets of Neuroticism, Agreeableness and Conscientiousness. Specifically, the Impulsivity facet... Eating Behaviors journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2692205 Fri, 31 Jul 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2692205 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2524934&cid=s_35528_164_f&fid=35528&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19447348%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Tremblay L, Lariviere M The main objective of this study is to verify the hypothesis that pubertal development, obesity, body satisfaction, as well as family and peer influences predict unhealthy eating habits in children and adolescents. A randomized stratified sample of young Quebecers aged 9, 13, and 16 years on March 31, 1999 [608 children aged of 9 years (325 girls and 283 boys) and 662 adolescents aged of 13 and 16 years (349 girls and 313 boys)] were used. Children's weight, height, and Body Mass Index (BMI) were recorded. Questionnaires were administered to children and a parent (usually the mother). Among 9-year-old children, this study found that weight loss or weight control behaviors were predicted mainly by the onset of puberty, lower maternal abusive control, and... Eating Behaviors journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2524934 Tue, 31 Mar 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2524934 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2524933&cid=s_35528_164_f&fid=35528&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19447349%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Ross KM, Milsom VA, Rickel KA, Debraganza N, Gibbons LM, Murawski ME, Perri MG The relative contribution of obesity versus poor fitness to adverse health outcomes and diminished quality of life remains an area of controversy. Indeed, some researchers contend that poor cardiorespiratory fitness represents a greater threat to health and health-related quality of life than excess body weight. We addressed this issue by providing 298 obese 50-75 year-old women with a six-month lifestyle intervention that incorporated a low-calorie eating pattern coupled with an aerobic exercise program consisting of 30 min/day of brisk walking. The results showed that weight loss exhibited a significant individual contribution to improvements in seven of the nine domains of quality of life assesse... Eating Behaviors journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2524933 Tue, 31 Mar 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2524933 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2524932&cid=s_35528_164_f&fid=35528&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19447350%26dopt%3DAbstract We examined the independent contributions of thoughts and behaviors on a measure of psychopathology (depression). A second-order model of "eating disorder thoughts" and "eating disorder behaviors" was supported by the data, based on model fit, factor loadings, and model parsimony. Mean scores on depression were clinically significant for groups engaged in any level of eating disorder behavior whereas thoughts contributed to risk for depression only at the extreme end. Because of the disproportionate representation of eating disorder thoughts (high) and eating disorder behaviors (low) in non-clinical populations, the measurement and detection of eating disorders may be enhanced by measuring thoughts separate from behaviors. PMID: 19447350 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Eating Behaviors) Eating Behaviors journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2524932 Tue, 31 Mar 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2524932 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2524930&cid=s_35528_164_f&fid=35528&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19447351%26dopt%3DAbstract This study investigated interpersonal influences on changes in late adolescent boys' and girls' symptoms of disordered eating over one year. Participants were a community sample of late adolescents 16-19 years of age (N=199; 49.75% girls), their mothers, and friends. Structural equation modeling revealed that interpersonal pressure to be thin and criticism about appearance predicted increases in disordered eating over time. Late adolescents', mothers' and friends' reports of pressure were associated with disordered eating at Time 1 and Time 2. Further, adolescents' perceptions and friends' reports of pressure to be thin predicted changes in disordered eating over time. Findings underscore the significance of interpersonal relationships for disordered eating during late adolescence in both ... Eating Behaviors journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2524930 Tue, 31 Mar 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2524930 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2524929&cid=s_35528_164_f&fid=35528&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19447352%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSION: Intervention programs designed to facilitate healthy and circumvent unhealthy weight control practices in adolescents should attend to gender differences in motivational factors shown to predict dieting and weight control behaviors. For females it may be important to minimize compliance motivation whereas for males, programs that foster social motivation to eat might be appropriate. PMID: 19447352 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Eating Behaviors) Eating Behaviors journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2524929 Tue, 31 Mar 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2524929 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2524928&cid=s_35528_164_f&fid=35528&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19447353%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Fleig D, Randler C Recent research revealed an association between chronotype and psychological constructs of eating behaviour. Here, we used food logs in adolescents and assessed their chronotype. We found that later bed and rise times were associated with the tendency to drink caffeinated drinks and eat fast food and to consume less dairy products. No relationship existed between chronotype and sweets, vegetables and salad, and meat consumption. These results suggest a healthier lifestyle in morning oriented adolescents (or late chronotypes). Breakfast times differed between weekdays and weekend while lunch and dinner times were similar. Mean breakfast time at the weekend was later in late chronotypes which was a result of later rise times of late chronotypes. The study show... Eating Behaviors journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2524928 Tue, 31 Mar 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2524928 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2524927&cid=s_35528_164_f&fid=35528&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19447354%26dopt%3DAbstract The objective of this study was to develop an improved weight-related eating questionnaire (WREQ) that reflects recent advancements in the assessment and understanding of theory-based eating behaviors. A sequential process of measurement development was used to construct this brief but comprehensive questionnaire. By factor analysis and structural equation modeling, a 16-item, four-factor structure was found to best fit the data. This newly developed questionnaire measures two constructs of dietary restraint (routine and compensatory restraint), susceptibility to external cues (external eating), and emotional eating. The WREQ demonstrated good preliminary construct validation against similar psychometrics, BMI, and measures of fruit and vegetable and dietary fat intake. Further validation ... Eating Behaviors journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2524927 Tue, 31 Mar 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2524927 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2524926&cid=s_35528_164_f&fid=35528&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19447355%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Hamann DM, Wonderlich-Tierney AL, Vander Wal JS Individuals who experience interpersonal sensitivity (IPS) may be at an increased risk for developing eating disorder symptomatology. The purpose of the present study was to assess the predictive capacity of IPS and related constructs in the development of bulimic symptomatology both cross-sectionally and longitudinally while controlling for depressive symptoms. Participants were 119 female undergraduate psychology students attending a private mid-size Midwestern university. Data were collected at both the beginning and end of the academic semester. Participants completed the Center for Epidemiological Study - Depression Scale, Brief Fear of Negative Evaluation Scale, Interpersonal Sensitivity Measure, and the Bulimia Test - Revi... Eating Behaviors journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2524926 Tue, 31 Mar 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2524926 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2524925&cid=s_35528_164_f&fid=35528&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19447356%26dopt%3DAbstract This study reports the results of a worksite weight loss program which allowed female hospital and nursing home employees to enroll in a worksite weight loss program as individuals or as part of a group. After 8 weeks, employees (irrespective of group versus individual participation) lost an average of 6.2 lb and 1.5% body fat. The initial weight, body fat, and body mass index reductions were all significantly greater, in absolute and percentage terms, among group participants than individual participants. Weight reduction averaged 7.6+1.1 lb for group participants and 4.2+6.4 lb for individual participants; body fat reduction was 1.7+1.3% for group participants and 0.9+1.3% for individual participants. Exercising more frequently was significantly associated with weight loss in those parti... Eating Behaviors journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2524925 Tue, 31 Mar 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2524925 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2524924&cid=s_35528_164_f&fid=35528&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19447357%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Hersrud SL, Stoltenberg SF Problems related to food and weight in women may be influenced by the (DA) dopamine system. Catechol-o-methyl transferase (COMT) and the dopamine transporter (DAT) exert control on concentrations of extracellular DA. High and low functioning alleles of the COMT Val158Met and DAT1 3' UTR VNTR polymorphisms have been identified, and their associations with reward and cognition suggest a role in the modulation of eating behavior. A sample of undergraduate college women (N=71) was characterized for binge eating and eating psychopathology and genotyped for the COMT and DAT1 markers. Results revealed a significant epistatic interaction between COMT and DAT1 genes on eating psychopathology and binge eating (p=.02 for both). This suggests that genetic studie... Eating Behaviors journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2524924 Tue, 31 Mar 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2524924 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2524923&cid=s_35528_164_f&fid=35528&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19447358%26dopt%3DAbstract This study assessed whether motivational interviewing (MI), applied as part of a standard guided self-help (GSH) behavioral weight loss treatment, reduced attrition rate and improved participant weight loss and other eating-related and general psychological measures, relative to a standard GSH treatment alone. Thirty-nine overweight patients (7 males, 32 females) were randomized to receive either 6 sessions of traditional guided self-help and 2 traditional motivation-focused sessions (GSH treatment); or 6 guided self-help sessions and 2 sessions utilizing an MI approach to motivation (GSH/MI treatment). In intention-to-treat analyses, significant differences were found in the areas of eating concern and control over eating, favoring GSH/MI. Between-group effect size estimates indicated a s... Eating Behaviors journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2524923 Tue, 31 Mar 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2524923 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2141485&cid=s_35528_164_f&fid=35528&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19171310%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Saules KK, Collings AS, Hoodin F, Angelella NE, Alschuler K, Ivezaj V, Saunders-Scott D, Wiedemann AA College student participants (N=1063; 77.8% response rate) completed a web-based survey assessing demographics, depression, anxiety, body image, cigarette smoking, and weight history. Among overweight participants, 42.6% of those who believed they were overweight admitted to binge eating, while only 30.1% who did not feel overweight did so (p<.05). Among non-overweight participants, 43.2% of those who believed they were overweight admitted to binge eating, while only 32.9% of those who did not feel overweight did so (p<.05). Weight Problem Perception (WPP) mediated the contribution of BMI on binge eating outcomes, and WPP contributed significantly to the prediction of bi... Eating Behaviors journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2141485 Thu, 01 Jan 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2141485 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2141484&cid=s_35528_164_f&fid=35528&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19171311%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Fox A, Harrop C, Trower P, Leung N Recent research has suggested that normal adolescent processes are important in understanding psychosis, and that young adult individuals with psychosis are often struggling to develop an individual and autonomous self (the "fundamental task" of adolescence). The current paper explores the utility of considering normative adolescent developmental processes in understanding anorexia nervosa. Data were collected from 31 female young-adults with symptoms of anorexia nervosa, 26 female comparison young-adults and 71 female adolescents on measures of adolescent egocentrism. A one-way ANOVA indicated that individuals with symptoms of anorexia nervosa scored more highly than both their peers and the adolescents on several dimensions of egocentric de... Eating Behaviors journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2141484 Thu, 01 Jan 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2141484 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2141483&cid=s_35528_164_f&fid=35528&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19171312%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Exterkate CC, Vriesendorp PF, de Jong CA Due to the importance of the distorted body experience in eating disorder diagnosis and treatment, we wanted to explore body attitudes of patients with eating disorders before and after 5 months of intensive specialized outpatient day treatment. We assessed 193 patients diagnosed with Anorexia Nervosa (AN), Bulimia Nervosa (BN) and Eating Disorder Not Otherwise Specified (EDNOS) using the Body Attitude Test (BAT), Body Mass Index (BMI), Eating Disorder Evaluation Scale (EDES) and Symptom Checklist 90 (SCL-90). Eating disorder subtypes differed in BMI, total body attitudes and negative appreciation of body size at intake, but not at termination of treatment. Following treatment, all patient groups reported large improvements in eating di... Eating Behaviors journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2141483 Thu, 01 Jan 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2141483 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2141482&cid=s_35528_164_f&fid=35528&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19171313%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Sierra-Baigrie S, Lemos-Giráldez S, Fonseca-Pedrero E The aim of the study was to explore the relationship between binge eating, behavioural problems and family-meal patterns in a sample of adolescents. Two hundred and fifty-nine adolescents from a public secondary school completed the Bulimic Investigatory test, Edinburgh (BITE) [Henderson, M., & Freeman, C. P. (1987). A self-rating scale for bulimia. The "BITE". British Journal of Psychiatry, 150, 18-24.] and the Youth Self-Report (YSR) [Achenbach, T. M. (1991). Manual for the Youth Self-Report and 1991 profile. Burlington, VT: University of Vermont.], as well as 13 additional questions regarding the eating episodes and family-meal patterns. The results show that binge eating is a frequent behaviour in adolescence w... Eating Behaviors journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2141482 Thu, 01 Jan 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2141482 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2141481&cid=s_35528_164_f&fid=35528&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19171314%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Schneider KL, Spring B, Pagoto SL Exercise expends energy, but without dietary intervention, exercise does not appear to produce substantial weight loss. The present study examined whether overweight, sedentary individuals increase their energy intake after moderate intensity exercise, particularly in the presence of negative mood. A repeated measures design was used where overweight, sedentary individuals (N=65) completed, in counterbalanced order, two conditions: 3 min of exercise (Active) and 3 min of sedentary activity (Sedentary) during one session. Snack foods were presented 10 min after each activity. Mixed-effects regression modeling revealed no significant effect of Active versus Sedentary condition on energy intake. However, moderational analyses revealed that change... Eating Behaviors journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2141481 Thu, 01 Jan 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2141481 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2141480&cid=s_35528_164_f&fid=35528&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19171315%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Pagoto SL, Spring B, McChargue D, Hitsman B, Smith M, Appelhans B, Hedeker D Serotonergic involvement has been implicated in preferential consumption of treat foods. We tested the effect of acute tryptophan depletion (ATD) on food consumption by overweight and lean adults with and without a history of recurrent major depressive disorder (MDD). ATD and taste-matched placebo challenges were administered double-blind in counter-balanced order. Participants were classified as lean (n=36) or overweight (n=19) on the basis of body mass index (BMI). Total calorie, carbohydrate, protein, and sweet food consumption were assessed via a test meal 8-h following ATD. Four food items of comparable palatability were offered as a part of the test: two sweet (one carbohydrate-rich, and one pro... Eating Behaviors journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2141480 Thu, 01 Jan 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2141480 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2141479&cid=s_35528_164_f&fid=35528&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19171316%26dopt%3DAbstract This study confirms that pleasure associated with eating is an important moderator of the relationship between restrained eating and well-being. PMID: 19171316 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Eating Behaviors) Eating Behaviors journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2141479 Thu, 01 Jan 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2141479 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2141478&cid=s_35528_164_f&fid=35528&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19171317%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSION: The findings suggest that CSA treatment programs should assess survivors for ED as they might benefit from a more specialized focus on their emotional responses to the abuse. PMID: 19171317 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Eating Behaviors) Eating Behaviors journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2141478 Thu, 01 Jan 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2141478 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2141477&cid=s_35528_164_f&fid=35528&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19171318%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Pomerleau CS, Snedecor SM, Pomerleau OF To shed light on the complex relationship between smoking and body weight, we used never-smokers stratified on family smoking history to model the effects of a diathesis for smoking on body weight without the potential confound of metabolic changes or decreased physical activity caused by chronic tobacco smoke exposure. Participants were 100 family history negative never-smokers (FH-; 2 never-smoking parents) and 71 family history positive never-smokers (FH+; 2 ever-smoking parents). Controlling for significant group differences in race and age, BMI was significantly higher in FH+ (26.7+/-.6) than in FH- (24.5+/-.4; F=10.351 p<.01). Further analysis using logistic regression showed that FH+ were 2.7 times as likely to be overweight/ob... Eating Behaviors journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2141477 Thu, 01 Jan 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2141477 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2141476&cid=s_35528_164_f&fid=35528&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19171319%26dopt%3DAbstract This study examined the effect of smoking abstinence and menstrual cycle on short-term weight gain. Women were randomized to quit smoking during the follicular or luteal phase of their cycle and followed for four weeks. Weight, among other measures, was recorded at five post-quit date visits (days 2, 5, 9, 12 and week 4). Participants (n=152) were grouped based on randomized quit phase and smoking status after assigned quit date: 1) follicular (F), quit<24 h, 2) F, quit>/=five days, 3) luteal (L), quit<24 h, and 4) L, quit>/=five days. Participants who quit smoking experienced significantly more weight gain than those who quit for less than 24 h. There were no significant increases in short-term weight gain based on menstrual cycle phase during attempted smoking cessation. ... Eating Behaviors journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2141476 Thu, 01 Jan 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2141476 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2141475&cid=s_35528_164_f&fid=35528&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19171320%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Kendzor DE, Adams CE, Stewart DW, Baillie LE, Copeland AL Elevated rates of cigarette smoking have been reported among individuals with Bulimia Nervosa. However, little is known about eating disorder symptoms within non-clinical samples of smokers. The purpose of the present study was to compare the eating disorder symptoms of young adult female smokers (n=184) and non-smokers (n=56), to determine whether smokers were more likely to endorse bulimic symptoms and report greater body shape concern than non-smokers. Analyses indicated that smokers scored significantly higher than non-smokers on the Body Shape Questionnaire, p=.03, and the Bulimia Test-Revised, p=.006. In addition, a higher proportion of smokers than non-smokers scored >/=85 on the Bulimia Test-Revised, p=.05, s... Eating Behaviors journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2141475 Thu, 01 Jan 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2141475 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2141474&cid=s_35528_164_f&fid=35528&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19171321%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSIONS: EMA of ED urges is a valid and reliable approach that is associated with ED symptom severity, and predictive of treatment outcome. PMID: 19171321 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Eating Behaviors) Eating Behaviors journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2141474 Thu, 01 Jan 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2141474 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2141473&cid=s_35528_164_f&fid=35528&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19171322%26dopt%3DAbstract DISCUSSION: The TAQ-ED-R is a clinically useful measure of dysfunctional assumptions that can be tested with the help of behavioural experiments and surveys. It will be important to test the predictive validity of the new measure, as well as its capacity to drive treatment for comorbid states, such as alexithymia and social anxiety. PMID: 19171322 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Eating Behaviors) Eating Behaviors journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2141473 Thu, 01 Jan 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2141473 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2141472&cid=s_35528_164_f&fid=35528&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19171323%26dopt%3DAbstract This study investigated the relationship between dietary restraint (DR) and osteoporosis-related knowledge and beliefs in college women and men. A total of 517 university students completed measures of osteoporosis knowledge, perceived susceptibility to and severity of osteoporosis, barriers to and benefits of calcium and exercise, health motivation, exercise and calcium self-efficacy, and DR. Two MANOVAs were conducted to examine differences between high and low dietary restrainers on osteoporosis beliefs and knowledge. For women, HR scored higher on perceived susceptibility to, and severity of, osteoporosis, calcium barriers, and health motivation; for men, HR scored lower on exercise benefits. These results suggest that DR may be related to osteoporosis beliefs and knowledge differently... Eating Behaviors journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2141472 Thu, 01 Jan 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2141472 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2141471&cid=s_35528_164_f&fid=35528&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19171324%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: McFarland MB, Kaminski PL Beginning in the early 1990s investigations into the body image concerns of men have increased, and this study adds to extant research by examining correlates of more general body dissatisfaction (BD) and symptoms of muscle dysmorphia (MD) in particular. Three hundred four undergraduate men completed a broad-based symptom inventory, a self-concept questionnaire, and an instrument that assessed problematic body image, eating, and exercise patterns as well as specific symptoms of MD. Multiple regression analyses suggest that lower ratings of overall self-concept and higher levels of depression, anxiety, and interpersonal sensitivity are predictive of body image concerns in men. Furthermore, these variables accounted for almost twice the variance in gene... Eating Behaviors journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2141471 Thu, 01 Jan 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2141471 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2141470&cid=s_35528_164_f&fid=35528&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19171325%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSION: Specific weight and eating pathology parameters affected positive as well as negative obesity treatment outcome. Identifying more pre-treatment predictors for drop-out can ameliorate our treatment approach. PMID: 19171325 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Eating Behaviors) Eating Behaviors journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2141470 Thu, 01 Jan 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2141470 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1895322&cid=s_35528_164_f&fid=35528&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18928900%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSIONS: In addition to a decreased ability to recognize certain visceral sensations related to hunger, there is a generally reduced capacity to accurately perceive bodily signals in anorexia nervosa. This highlights the potential importance of interoceptive sensitivity in the pathogenesis of eating disorders. PMID: 18928900 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Eating Behaviors) Eating Behaviors journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1895322 Wed, 22 Oct 2008 15:23:17 +0100 1895322 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1895321&cid=s_35528_164_f&fid=35528&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18928901%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSIONS: The findings support the inclusion of emotional processing in models of eating disorders, and suggest that it may have a role in their development. Emotional processing warrants further investigation particularly in those "at risk" but also in those with eating disorders. PMID: 18928901 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Eating Behaviors) Eating Behaviors journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1895321 Wed, 22 Oct 2008 15:23:13 +0100 1895321 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1895320&cid=s_35528_164_f&fid=35528&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18928902%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Allison KC, Engel SG, Crosby RD, de Zwaan M, O'Reardon JP, Wonderlich SA, Mitchell JE, Smith West D, Wadden TA, Stunkard AJ Uniform diagnostic criteria for the night eating syndrome (NES), a disorder characterized by a delay in the circadian pattern of eating, have not been established. Proposed criteria for NES were evaluated using item response theory (IRT) analysis. Six studies yielded 1,481 Night Eating Questionnaires which were coded to reflect the presence/absence of five night eating symptoms. Symptoms were evaluated based on the clinical usefulness of their diagnostic information and on the assumptions of IRT analysis (unidimensionality, monotonicity, local item independence, correct model specification), using a two parameter logistic (2PL) IRT model. Reports of (1) n... Eating Behaviors journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1895320 Wed, 22 Oct 2008 15:23:08 +0100 1895320 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1895319&cid=s_35528_164_f&fid=35528&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18928903%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Courtney EA, Gamboz J, Johnson JG Previous research has indicated that low self-esteem may be an important risk factor for the development of eating disorders. Few longitudinal studies have examined the relationships between low self-esteem, depressive symptoms, and eating disorders in adolescents. The present study investigated whether low self-esteem was associated with depressive symptoms and problematic eating behaviors. Measures of low self-esteem and problematic eating behaviors were administered to a sample of 197 adolescent primary-care patients. Depressive symptoms and problematic eating behaviors were assessed ten months later. Youths with low self-esteem were at greater risk for high levels of depressive symptoms and eating disorder symptoms. In addition, depressive... Eating Behaviors journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1895319 Wed, 22 Oct 2008 15:23:05 +0100 1895319 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1895318&cid=s_35528_164_f&fid=35528&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18928904%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Harris CL, George VA Exercise is often used for successful weight management, particularly by males. However, exercise may have the potential to promote counter-regulatory eating, because of certain cognitive and psychological factors. The purpose of this study was to investigate the unknown role of dietary restraint, BMI, and dieting status on acute and 12-hour post-exercise energy intake (PE-EI) in sedentary males following moderate-intensity exercise. The study consisted of two experimental conditions, exercise and rest, in a counterbalanced-crossover design on two days. Exercise consisted of walking on a treadmill for 60 min. Acute and 12-hour PE-EI were compared on exercise and rest days. Eighty males, mean age 30+/-8 years, participated in the study and were categorized ... Eating Behaviors journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1895318 Wed, 22 Oct 2008 15:23:02 +0100 1895318 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1895317&cid=s_35528_164_f&fid=35528&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18928905%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Lepage ML, Crowther JH, Harrington EF, Engler P Vigorous exercise and fasting are commonly used compensatory behaviors. However, it is unknown how non-clinical individuals who engage in one or both of these compensatory behaviors differ from one another. This research compared women who engaged in both fasting and vigorous exercise as compensatory strategies (n=76) with women who engaged in either fasting (n=56) or excessive exercise (n=82) and women who employed no compensatory strategies (n=113) on body image/eating and psychological symptomatology. Participants completed questionnaires assessing body dissatisfaction, restrained eating, thin-ideal internalization, depression, self-esteem, and general psychological distress. Women who utilize any compensatory strategies repor... Eating Behaviors journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1895317 Wed, 22 Oct 2008 15:22:59 +0100 1895317 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1895316&cid=s_35528_164_f&fid=35528&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18928906%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Neighbors LA, Sobal J Weddings are significant life events when brides and grooms often seek a culturally-defined ideal appearance. A cross-sectional survey of 275 unmarried university students assessed current weight and shape, general ideal weight and shape, desired wedding weight and shape, and expectations to diet and/or exercise when contemplating their future wedding. Results indicated that men and women conceptualize the size and scope of their wedding similarly, but wedding appearance (including weight) was more important among women than men. Few men and women idealized a wedding-specific weight and shape that differed from their general ideal weight and shape. When contemplating their future wedding day, expectations about engaging in weight control behaviors were mo... Eating Behaviors journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1895316 Wed, 22 Oct 2008 15:22:56 +0100 1895316 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1895315&cid=s_35528_164_f&fid=35528&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18928907%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSION: Results provide support for current cognitive-behavioural models of binge eating, and have implications for guiding binge eating prevention and intervention efforts with children. PMID: 18928907 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Eating Behaviors) Eating Behaviors journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1895315 Wed, 22 Oct 2008 15:22:53 +0100 1895315 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1895314&cid=s_35528_164_f&fid=35528&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18928908%26dopt%3DAbstract This study, performed under rigorous study conditions, supports the existence of a carbohydrate craving syndrome in which carbohydrate self-administration improves mildly dysphoric mood. PMID: 18928908 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Eating Behaviors) Eating Behaviors journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1895314 Wed, 22 Oct 2008 15:22:48 +0100 1895314 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1895313&cid=s_35528_164_f&fid=35528&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18928909%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, we examine attentional deficits and biases in bulimia. METHOD: 18 bulimic participants and 18 controls performed an adaptation of the go/no-go affective shifting task. That task allows the investigation of attention, inhibitory control and mental flexibility for stimuli related to the body and food. RESULTS: Bulimic participants tended to react faster than controls in the go/no-go affective task. They also had poorer discrimination ability than controls and showed inhibition problems, particularly when the targets were related to food. The magnitude of these effects ranged from moderate to large. No difference between groups was found concerning mental flexibility. DISCUSSION: These results suggest that bulimics present cognitive deficits and are more impulsive, especially w... Eating Behaviors journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1895313 Wed, 22 Oct 2008 15:22:44 +0100 1895313 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1895312&cid=s_35528_164_f&fid=35528&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18928910%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Nijs IM, Franken IH, Muris P The main objective of this study was to investigate, by means of event-related potentials (ERPs), whether obese individuals process food-related information differently as compared to normal-weight individuals. Because amplitudes of late positive ERP components (P3, LPP) reflect motivational tendencies, obese participants were expected to display enlarged P3 and LPP amplitudes towards food pictures. Obese and normal-weight adults were exposed to pictures of food and control items, while EEG was recorded. Subjective levels of food craving and hunger were also assessed. While there were no differences in ERP amplitudes between obese and normal-weight individuals, significantly larger P3 and LPP amplitudes were elicited by pictures of food items as co... Eating Behaviors journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1895312 Wed, 22 Oct 2008 15:22:39 +0100 1895312 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1895311&cid=s_35528_164_f&fid=35528&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18928911%26dopt%3DAbstract Discussion focuses on implications for the assessment and treatment of eating disorders. PMID: 18928911 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Eating Behaviors) Eating Behaviors journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1895311 Wed, 22 Oct 2008 15:22:36 +0100 1895311 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1895310&cid=s_35528_164_f&fid=35528&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18928912%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSION: Symptoms of psychopathology may be more likely to associate with controlling feeding practices in parents of daughters due to societal values for slimness in females. PMID: 18928912 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Eating Behaviors) Eating Behaviors journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1895310 Wed, 22 Oct 2008 15:22:33 +0100 1895310 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1895309&cid=s_35528_164_f&fid=35528&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18928913%26dopt%3DAbstract This study examined negative affect as a mediator of the relationship between weight-based teasing and binge eating. Participants included 265 adolescent female twins (aged 10-15 years). Self-report measures assessed binge eating, weight-based teasing, and negative affect. Mediation was tested within hierarchical linear models to control for the non-independence of the twin data. Significant positive associations were observed between binge eating, teasing, and negative affect. In the regression analyses, negative affect partially mediated associations between weight-based teasing and binge eating. Results suggest that increases in negative affect are one way in which weight-based teasing leads to binge eating in girls. Future studies should examine additional mediators and assess possible... Eating Behaviors journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1895309 Wed, 22 Oct 2008 15:22:30 +0100 1895309 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1895308&cid=s_35528_164_f&fid=35528&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18928914%26dopt%3DAbstract This study was designed to examine links between agentic and communal personality traits and disordered eating behavior and related problems (i.e., body shape concern and depressive symptoms) in a sample of 298 undergraduates. As predicted, unmitigated agency was positively associated with uncontrolled eating, and unmitigated communion was positively related to emotional eating and fasting for at least 24 h in order to control weight. When controlling for depressive symptomatology, unmitigated communion was no longer associated with emotional eating. Whereas unmitigated agentic and communal characteristics were positively associated with problematic eating patterns, agency was negatively associated with fasting and body shape concern. Findings suggest that further examination of the potent... Eating Behaviors journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1895308 Wed, 22 Oct 2008 15:22:27 +0100 1895308 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1895307&cid=s_35528_164_f&fid=35528&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18928915%26dopt%3DAbstract This study examined the association between loss of control and eating disorder psychopathology in a community sample of women of Hispanic origin. Seventy-seven monolingual Spanish-speaking Latinas recruited from the community were administered the Spanish language version of the Eating Disorders Examination (S-EDE). Latinas who reported regular (at least once weekly) loss of control-through objective bulimic episodes (OBEs) and/or subjective bulimic episodes (SBEs)-were compared with Latinas who did not report regular loss of control. Latinas who reported LOC did not differ significantly from Latinas who denied LOC in age, current body mass index, or highest adult weight. Latinas who reported LOC had significantly more frequent weight cycling and significantly higher scores on all S-EDE s... Eating Behaviors journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1895307 Wed, 22 Oct 2008 15:22:24 +0100 1895307 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1895306&cid=s_35528_164_f&fid=35528&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18928916%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSIONS: Eating patterns for a significant number of college students are altered before, during, and following drinking episodes, which related to change in freshman year BMI. PMID: 18928916 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Eating Behaviors) Eating Behaviors journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1895306 Wed, 22 Oct 2008 15:22:19 +0100 1895306 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1895305&cid=s_35528_164_f&fid=35528&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18928917%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Matthews A, Lynn SJ PMID: 18928917 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Eating Behaviors) Eating Behaviors journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1895305 Wed, 22 Oct 2008 15:22:17 +0100 1895305 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1895304&cid=s_35528_164_f&fid=35528&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18928918%26dopt%3DAbstract This study examined potential differences and similarities between attitudes about body shape and eating behaviors in Japan versus America. Discrepancies between various body ideals (e.g., own versus ideal; Japanese versus American) and perceived weight status were examined in a sample of adult Japanese women. Forty-five adult Japanese women rated various body ideals using the Stunkard Body Shape Questionnaire. They also answered questions about their perceived body weight and completed the Eating Disorders Inventory (EDI-2). Participants rated the ideal body shape for Japanese women to be significantly thinner than for American women. Body image discrepancy predicted drive for thinness and bulimic symptoms as measured by the EDI-2. Furthermore, there was an interaction between perfectioni... Eating Behaviors journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1895304 Wed, 22 Oct 2008 15:22:14 +0100 1895304 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1895303&cid=s_35528_164_f&fid=35528&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18928919%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSIONS: Results highlight mechanisms whereby AD(H)D symptoms could influence body mass and stress the importance of addressing AD(H)D symptoms in both the prevention and treatment of overeating and obesity. PMID: 18928919 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Eating Behaviors) Eating Behaviors journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1895303 Wed, 22 Oct 2008 15:22:10 +0100 1895303 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1518883&cid=s_35528_164_f&fid=35528&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18549984%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Latner JD, Rosewall JK, Chisholm AM Individuals with binge eating disorder have increased gastric capacity and may require excessive food intake and increased volume in the stomach to produce satiation. The present study examined whether lower energy density (ED) meals lead to lower energy intake more than higher-ED meals in women with binge eating disorder (BED) and weight-matched controls. Women with BED (n=15) and healthy weight-matched controls (n=15) were instructed to consume as much as they wished during two test meals on non-consecutive days. Participants were served two hedonically similar versions of a pasta salad (19% protein, 50% carbohydrate, 31% fat): low-ED (1.0 kcal/g) and high-ED (1.6 kcal/g), and food intake and appetite ratings were assessed. Energy intake w... Eating Behaviors journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1518883 Sat, 14 Jun 2008 22:51:35 +0100 1518883 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1518882&cid=s_35528_164_f&fid=35528&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18549985%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Temple JL, Chappel A, Shalik J, Volcy S, Epstein LH The reinforcing value of food is one factor that influences energy intake. The purpose of this study was to determine if the reinforcing value of highly liked snack foods could be modified by restriction or daily intake of individual preferred foods in the absence of changes in total energy intake. Food reinforcement was tested at baseline and after each of two, two-week phases. During the restriction phase, participants did not eat a target food or closely related foods while during the daily intake phase, participants consumed a 200-300 kcal portion of the target food daily. The reinforcing value of the target food significantly decreased after two weeks of daily intake. Restriction did not change food reinforcement. These ... Eating Behaviors journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1518882 Sat, 14 Jun 2008 22:51:32 +0100 1518882 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1518881&cid=s_35528_164_f&fid=35528&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18549986%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Vander Wal JS, Gibbons JL, Del Pilar Grazioso M Exposure to Western ideals of appearance along with rapid societal change appears to be salient risk factors for eating disorder development. According to the sociocultural model, internalization of the thin ideal leads to body dissatisfaction and subsequent negative affect and dieting behaviors which increase the risk for eating disorder development. An expanded version of the sociocultural model was examined among an economically stratified sample of 347 girls in grades 5 and 6 from Guatemala City. Questionnaires used to measure disturbed eating attitudes and behaviors, body dissatisfaction, social sensitivity, and internalization of the thin ideal were administered and BMI was calculated following measurement of height and wei... Eating Behaviors journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1518881 Sat, 14 Jun 2008 22:51:28 +0100 1518881 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1518880&cid=s_35528_164_f&fid=35528&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18549987%26dopt%3DAbstract The objective was to describe eating behavior (Dutch Eating Behaviour Questionnaire) in terms of the Big Five personality traits (NEO Personality Inventory-Revised) in obesity patients (n=442). Emotional eating was strongly positively associated to Neuroticism, in particular impulsiveness and depression, and further linked to lower Conscientiousness mainly seen in lower self-discipline, and lower Extraversion. External eating was likewise mainly associated to the facets impulsiveness and lower self-discipline. Restrained eating was on the other hand related to higher Conscientiousness, Extraversion and Openness, and lower Neuroticism. These results imply that poor self-control seen in impulsiveness and lower self-discipline was most important for eating due to negative emotions as well as ... Eating Behaviors journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1518880 Sat, 14 Jun 2008 22:51:25 +0100 1518880 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1518879&cid=s_35528_164_f&fid=35528&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18549988%26dopt%3DAbstract This study aimed at assessing the extent to which personality traits are related to BMI and eating behaviors in overweight and obese women (N=154; mean body mass index (BMI) of 30.5+/-3.0 kg/m(2)). The NEO Five-Factor Inventory was used to capture the five dimensions of personality (neuroticism, extraversion, openness to experience, agreeableness and conscientiousness). Anthropometric measurements (weight, height and BMI) were performed and eating behaviors (cognitive dietary restraint, disinhibition and susceptibility to hunger) were measured by the Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire. Regressional analyses showed that only conscientiousness was positively related to BMI. A higher level of neuroticism was identified as a significant predictor of higher scores for cognitive dietary restraint... Eating Behaviors journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1518879 Sat, 14 Jun 2008 22:51:21 +0100 1518879 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1518878&cid=s_35528_164_f&fid=35528&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18549989%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Czyzewska M, Graham R The study compared implicit and explicit attitudes to three types of foods (high-calorie non-sweet HCNS, high-calorie sweet HCS and low-calorie LC) among females varying in BMI status. Eight three participants completed an affective priming task (implicit attitudes), followed by explicit rating of food images. The results of ANOVA showed a significant difference in implicit attitudes to different types of food, F(3,246)=3.90, p<.01 and the difference among BMI groups (F(6, 213)=2.15, p<.05). The implicit attitudes to HCS were positive in the healthy-weight and overweight groups but negative in obese; the reversed pattern was revealed in attitudes to HCNS. All groups showed negative implicit attitudes to LC foods. The ANOVA performed on explicit rati... Eating Behaviors journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1518878 Sat, 14 Jun 2008 22:51:18 +0100 1518878 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1518877&cid=s_35528_164_f&fid=35528&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18549990%26dopt%3DAbstract This study examined the relationship between an invalidating childhood environment and eating pathology, including diagnoses, eating attitudes and eating behaviours. METHOD: Fifty-eight eating-disordered patients completed a measure of invalidating childhood environments, and a standardised measure of eating pathology. RESULTS: Patients with bulimia nervosa scored higher on levels of paternal invalidation than those with anorexia nervosa. There were no associations at the attitudinal level, but some behaviours were related to perceived parental style. Self-induced vomiting was associated with paternal invalidation, while those who experienced an invalidating mother were less likely to report binge-eating. Those who exercised excessively were more likely to have experienced a family style i... Eating Behaviors journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1518877 Sat, 14 Jun 2008 22:51:16 +0100 1518877 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1518876&cid=s_35528_164_f&fid=35528&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18549991%26dopt%3DAbstract This study suggests that food reinforcement may be more similar between parents and children than behavioral impulsivity, though additional research using other measures of relative reinforcing value and impulsivity is warranted. PMID: 18549991 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Eating Behaviors) Eating Behaviors journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1518876 Sat, 14 Jun 2008 22:51:12 +0100 1518876 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1518875&cid=s_35528_164_f&fid=35528&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18549992%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSION: Individuals interested in losing weight should continue to be advised to regularly self-monitor energy intake and expenditure as well as to create a consistent daily energy deficit (e.g., 500 kcal day). PMID: 18549992 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Eating Behaviors) Eating Behaviors journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1518875 Sat, 14 Jun 2008 22:51:08 +0100 1518875 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1518874&cid=s_35528_164_f&fid=35528&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18549993%26dopt%3DAbstract This study provides evidence that temperamental dimensions related to mood rather than impulsivity are associated with bulimic symptomatology and contribute to bulimic symptoms over and above state mood and dietary restraint. Future empirical studies are needed to clarify relationships between temperament and other risk factors for disordered eating. PMID: 18549993 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Eating Behaviors) Eating Behaviors journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1518874 Sat, 14 Jun 2008 22:51:05 +0100 1518874 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1518873&cid=s_35528_164_f&fid=35528&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18549994%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Lundgren JD, Allison KC, O'Reardon JP, Stunkard AJ The purpose of this study was to characterize the Night Eating Syndrome (NES) and its correlates among non-obese persons with NES, and to compare them to non-obese healthy controls. Nineteen non-obese persons with NES were compared to 22 non-obese controls on seven-day, 24-hour prospective food and sleep diaries, the Eating Disorder Examination and the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Diagnoses interviews, and measures of disordered eating attitudes and behavior, mood, sleep, stress, and quality of life. Compared to controls, persons with NES reported significantly different circadian distribution of food intake, greater depressed mood, sleep disturbance, disordered eating and body image concerns, perceived stress, dec... Eating Behaviors journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1518873 Sat, 14 Jun 2008 22:51:03 +0100 1518873 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1518872&cid=s_35528_164_f&fid=35528&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18549995%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Miller JL, Schmidt LA, Vaillancourt T Previous empirical studies have shown that the personality trait of shyness, either alone or in combination with varying levels of sociability (i.e., a socially-conflicted profile-high shyness with high sociability) to be a reliable predictor of various psychopathologies, including substance abuse and mood disorders. Extending these findings to other forms of dysregulated behaviours, we examined multiple measures of eating problems in relation to self-reported shyness and sociability in a sample of 520 undergraduate females (M = 20.7 years). Analyses revealed a consistent significant main effect for shyness across all measures of disordered eating. These findings extend earlier work on shyness to another form of psychopathology (i.e., eati... Eating Behaviors journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1518872 Sat, 14 Jun 2008 22:51:00 +0100 1518872 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1518871&cid=s_35528_164_f&fid=35528&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18549996%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Tanofsky-Kraff M, Marcus MD, Yanovski SZ, Yanovski JA Binge eating is common in middle childhood (6-12 years) and often presents in concert with disordered eating attitudes, emotional distress, overweight and adiposity. Binge eating is also predictive of excessive weight gain and is associated with energy intake. However, few children meet DSM-IV-TR criteria for binge eating disorder, thereby making treatment recommendations a challenge. We propose criteria for a new diagnosis, Loss of Control Eating Disorder in Children age 12 years and younger, for further study. The criteria put forward are a revision of Marcus and Kalarchian's [Marcus, M.D., & Kalarchian, M.A. (2003). Binge eating in children and adolescents. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 34 Suppl, S47-S57... Eating Behaviors journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1518871 Sat, 14 Jun 2008 22:50:56 +0100 1518871 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1518870&cid=s_35528_164_f&fid=35528&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18549997%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSIONS: Assessing tobacco use and eating disorders may be important when sampling on the basis of family members who are discordant for BMI. Finally, results suggest possibilities for interventions in individuals at-risk for overweight. PMID: 18549997 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Eating Behaviors) Eating Behaviors journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1518870 Sat, 14 Jun 2008 22:50:53 +0100 1518870 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1518869&cid=s_35528_164_f&fid=35528&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18549998%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Gilmour Flint KM, Van Walleghen EL, Kealey EH, Vonkaenel S, Bessesen DH, Davy BM Habitual dietary intake, dietary cognitive restraint (CR), disinhibition and hunger are eating behaviors that influence energy balance in both young and older adults. Since the prevalence of overweight and obesity in older adults is steadily rising, it is important to identify eating behavior adaptations that allow individuals to maintain a healthy body weight with advancing age. The association of age with habitual dietary intake, dietary CR, dishinhibition and hunger was examined in 30 older (60-72 years) and 30 younger (18-25 years) nonobese, weight stable, nondieting healthy adults pair-matched by age group for sex, physical activity level (active >150 min of physical activity per week, sed... Eating Behaviors journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1518869 Sat, 14 Jun 2008 22:50:49 +0100 1518869 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1518868&cid=s_35528_164_f&fid=35528&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18549999%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Pomerleau CS, Snedecor SM The Weight Control Smoking Scale (WCSS), originally developed as part of a Reasons for Smoking Scale, includes 3 items (smoke to avoid weight gain; smoke to control appetite; less hungry when smoking). Although widely used, it has not previously been subjected to psychometric analysis. To fill this gap, we analyzed data from 1512 smokers. WCSS score correlated significantly and positively with the Dieting and Bingeing Severity Scale, self-efficacy about relapse if postcessation weight gain occurred, increased appetite/weight gain as a withdrawal symptom, and the Three Factor Eating Questionnaire subscales, and negatively with Body Satisfaction. Cronbach's alpha was .834. Female participants scored significantly higher than males. When only Black and W... Eating Behaviors journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1518868 Sat, 14 Jun 2008 22:50:46 +0100 1518868 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1294595&cid=s_35528_164_f&fid=35528&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18329590%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSION: Available data are not sufficient to formally recommend antidepressants as a single first line therapy for both short-term remission of binge-eating episodes and weight reduction in patients with BED. BED is a chronic condition and very short-term studies (8 weeks) may be of limited value. PMID: 18329590 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Eating Behaviors) Eating Behaviors journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1294595 Tue, 11 Mar 2008 20:55:56 +0100 1294595 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1294594&cid=s_35528_164_f&fid=35528&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18329591%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Sims R, Gordon S, Garcia W, Clark E, Monye D, Callender C, Campbell A Previous studies have reported that psychological stress is associated with greater food consumption, particularly consumption of high fat foods. We are unaware of any studies that have examined stress-induced eating among African Americans (AAs). The goals of the current study were to examine the relationship between perceived stress and high fat eating behaviors in a sample of AAs, to examine whether this relationship is stronger among overweight and obese participants, and to examine whether haphazard meal planning mediates the relationship between perceived stress and high fat eating behaviors. One hundred fifty-nine adults from a metropolitan area completed the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10), the Eatin... Eating Behaviors journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1294594 Tue, 11 Mar 2008 20:55:53 +0100 1294594 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1294593&cid=s_35528_164_f&fid=35528&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18329592%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Pinto AM, Heinberg LJ, Coughlin JW, Fava JL, Guarda AS The purpose of this study was to examine the predictive validity of the Eating Disorder Recovery Self-Efficacy Questionnaire (EDRSQ), an empirically-derived self-report instrument that assesses confidence to eat without engaging in eating disordered behavior or experiencing undue emotional distress (Normative Eating Self-Efficacy) and confidence to maintain a realistic body image that is not dominated by pursuit of thinness (Body Image Self-Efficacy). Participants were 104 female inpatients with anorexia nervosa (AN), subthreshold AN, or underweight bulimia nervosa who were treated at a specialized eating disorder clinic and completed the EDRSQ and Eating Disorder Inventory-2 (EDI-2) Drive for Thinness (DT) and Body Dissat... Eating Behaviors journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1294593 Tue, 11 Mar 2008 20:55:51 +0100 1294593 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1294592&cid=s_35528_164_f&fid=35528&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18329593%26dopt%3DAbstract This study aimed to examine the factor structure and psychometric properties of the DTEDS in a sample of treatment-seeking eating disordered (N=87) and overweight/obese (N=111) women. Confirmatory factor analysis demonstrated that a two-factor model provided a better fit to the data than a one-factor model. The psychometric properties of the final scale were excellent, with evidence being provided for the reliability and validity of the two subscales. Overall, the results indicated that the DTEDS is a reliable instrument that can be used to assess eating-specific as well as more general aspects of dichotomous thinking. PMID: 18329593 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Eating Behaviors) Eating Behaviors journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1294592 Tue, 11 Mar 2008 20:55:48 +0100 1294592 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1294591&cid=s_35528_164_f&fid=35528&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18329594%26dopt%3DAbstract This study considered the potential role of narcissism and narcissistic defences in driving body checking cognitions and behaviours. 68 eating-disordered and 70 non-clinical women completed well-validated measures of body checking and narcissism. There were specific patterns of association between different elements of narcissism and different aspects of body checking. These patterns are compatible with a model where body checking serves the defensive function of maintaining self-esteem, rather than promoting positive levels of narcissistic self-esteem. PMID: 18329594 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Eating Behaviors) Eating Behaviors journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1294591 Tue, 11 Mar 2008 20:55:46 +0100 1294591 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1294590&cid=s_35528_164_f&fid=35528&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18329595%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Presnell K, Pells J, Stout A, Musante G The aim of the current study was to examine whether weight loss self-efficacy, binge eating, and depressive symptoms predicted weight loss during treatment, and whether gender moderates these associations with prospective data from 297 participants (223 women and 74 men) enrolled in a residential obesity treatment program. Men reported higher initial levels of self-efficacy than women, whereas women reported greater pre-treatment levels of binge eating and depressive symptoms. Higher pre-treatment levels of weight control self-efficacy, binge eating, and depressive symptoms predicted greater weight loss in men, but not in women. Results suggest that certain psychological and behavioral factors should be considered when implementing weigh... Eating Behaviors journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1294590 Tue, 11 Mar 2008 20:55:44 +0100 1294590 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1294589&cid=s_35528_164_f&fid=35528&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18329596%26dopt%3DAbstract We examined whether body weight, depression, and body dissatisfaction could predict problematic eating behaviors in a community sample of less acculturated adult Latina women. Three hundred and forty-nine Latina women ages 20-40 were classified as non-overeater (n=244), eating disorder not otherwise specified-binge eating disorder features (EDNOS-BED) (n=65), or eating disorder not otherwise specified-bulimia nervosa features (EDNOS-BN) (n=40). Participants completed measures of problematic eating behaviors, depression, and body image. Results revealed that normal weight and overweight women were at a higher risk only for EDNOS-BN, while obese women were at a higher risk for either EDNOS-BN or EDNOS-BED. Women with high depression scores were 16 times more likely to be assigned to the EDNO... Eating Behaviors journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1294589 Tue, 11 Mar 2008 20:55:41 +0100 1294589 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1294588&cid=s_35528_164_f&fid=35528&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18329597%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Salvy SJ, Kieffer E, Epstein LH Although most eating occurs in a social context, the impact of peer influence on child food consumption and selection of healthy and unhealthy snacks has not been the object of systematic experimental study. The present experiment assessed the effects of peer interaction on energy intake and food choices in 18 overweight and 21 non-overweight youth. Participants had access to high and low-calorie food items and were provided with several games as alternatives to eating. On one occasion, participants were tested alone and on another occasion they were tested in dyads with an unfamiliar peer. Consistent with previous results, we found that overweight children ate substantially more when alone than when in the presence of a peer and also more when ... Eating Behaviors journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1294588 Tue, 11 Mar 2008 20:55:39 +0100 1294588 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1294587&cid=s_35528_164_f&fid=35528&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18329598%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, we examined the prevalence of binge eating disorder (BED) and borderline personality disorder (BPD) in a sample of 121 candidates seeking surgery for obesity. In this predominantly female sample (85.9%), according to the Questionnaire on Eating and Weight Patterns-Revised (QEWP-R), the prevalence of BED was 6.5%. As for the prevalence of BPD, 14.0% exceeded the clinical cut-off score on the Self-Harm Inventory (SHI), 14.0% exceeded the clinical cut-off score on the borderline personality scale of the Personality Diagnostic Questionnaire-4 (PDQ-4), and 7.4% exceeded the clinical cut-off score on the McLean Screening Inventory for Borderline Personality Disorder (MSI-BPD). Overall, 24.8% of the sample exceeded the clinical cut-off on at least one measure of BPD whereas only 3.... Eating Behaviors journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1294587 Tue, 11 Mar 2008 20:55:36 +0100 1294587 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1294586&cid=s_35528_164_f&fid=35528&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18329599%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest that weight-based stigmatization predicts binge eating behavior and that psychological distress associated with stigmatizing experiences may be an important mediating factor. PMID: 18329599 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Eating Behaviors) Eating Behaviors journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1294586 Tue, 11 Mar 2008 20:55:33 +0100 1294586 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1294585&cid=s_35528_164_f&fid=35528&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18329600%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSION: High SP and low MC appear to account for the link between BN and SAD symptomology, whereas high SR appears to distinguish the disorders. PMID: 18329600 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Eating Behaviors) Eating Behaviors journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1294585 Tue, 11 Mar 2008 20:55:30 +0100 1294585 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1294584&cid=s_35528_164_f&fid=35528&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18329601%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSIONS: The previously elucidated factor structure of the ChEAT was primarily supported in a sample of overweight children. The emergence of separate body/weight concern and dieting subscales may relate to these children's experiences with attempted weight reduction. PMID: 18329601 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Eating Behaviors) Eating Behaviors journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1294584 Tue, 11 Mar 2008 20:55:28 +0100 1294584 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1294583&cid=s_35528_164_f&fid=35528&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18329602%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Carels RA, Konrad K, Young KM, Darby LA, Coit C, Clayton AM, Oemig CK The current investigation examined the impact of a weight maintenance intervention (MI) designed to empower people to create a personal healthy food and physical activity environment on weight loss treatment outcomes. It was hypothesized that behavioral weight loss program (BWLP) participants who received an additional MI would evidence superior weight loss maintenance compared to participants who received a BWLP alone (no contact [NC]). Fifty-one obese adults were randomly assigned to participate in a 16-week weight loss intervention followed by NC or a 6-week MI. Thirty-eight participants completed the six-month follow-up. Body weight, percent body fat, cardiorespiratory fitness, self-reported physical act... Eating Behaviors journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1294583 Tue, 11 Mar 2008 20:55:25 +0100 1294583 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1294582&cid=s_35528_164_f&fid=35528&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18329603%26dopt%3DAbstract This study shows that some children in this population at increased risk for obesity and related chronic disease have already incorporated emotional eating as a learned response to stress by the time that they enter adolescence. PMID: 18329603 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Eating Behaviors) Eating Behaviors journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1294582 Tue, 11 Mar 2008 20:55:23 +0100 1294582 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1294581&cid=s_35528_164_f&fid=35528&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18329604%26dopt%3DAbstract We examined whether media pressures would mediate the association between two dimensions of the media (source of information and internalization) and bulimic attitudes/tendencies. The study sample consisted of 106 female college students (M age=19.9; range=18-22). Participants completed anonymous, self-report measures on media influences on body image and appearance as well as disordered eating attitudes/behaviors. Findings showed that the association between two dimensions of the media (source of information and internalization) and bulimic attitudes/tendencies was mediated by perceived media pressures. Such findings highlight the significant influence of media pressures on bulimic attitudes/tendencies. Future research and prevention implications are discussed. PMID: 18329604 [PubMed ... Eating Behaviors journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1294581 Tue, 11 Mar 2008 20:55:21 +0100 1294581 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1294580&cid=s_35528_164_f&fid=35528&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18329605%26dopt%3DAbstract This study examined commonly consumed high-fat food sources to estimate dietary fat intake among 314 urban, African American adolescents (mean age (SD)=12.57 (.98) years; 66% female; 91% African American non-Hispanic; and 9% African American Hispanic). Youths' fat intake was measured using the Block Fat Screener. Most (77%) participants had diets very high in fat (i.e., 40% to 50% of energy). Mean frequencies of consumption revealed youths' preferences for the following high-fat food items: corn chips, potato chips, popcorn, and crackers; fried chicken; and doughnuts, pastries, cake, and cookies. Total fat intake differed based on youths' age. Urban, African American adolescents can benefit from intervention to lower their fat intake. Programs that target and address the food preferences a... Eating Behaviors journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1294580 Tue, 11 Mar 2008 20:55:18 +0100 1294580 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1128820&cid=s_35528_164_f&fid=35528&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18167319%26dopt%3DAbstract This study tested the construct validity of a multidimensional ambivalence model of chocolate craving, and examined the concurrent and discriminant validity of the model with respect to chocolate consumption and disordered eating behaviors. The Orientation to Chocolate Questionnaire (OCQ) was administered to 312 university students (79.5% female) along with measures of chocolate consumption and disordered eating. Results supported a three-factor model of chocolate craving incorporating approach and avoidance inclinations and feelings of guilt. These craving dimensions differentially predicted frequency and quantity of chocolate consumption as well as a range of disordered eating behaviors. Chocolate-related guilt was a consistent indicator of dysfunctional eating patterns, but was unrelate... Eating Behaviors journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1128820 Tue, 01 Jan 2008 05:00:00 +0100 1128820 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1128819&cid=s_35528_164_f&fid=35528&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18167320%26dopt%3DAbstract This study investigated the relationship between bonding patterns and self-concept, and the influence of these constructs on a measure of sub-clinical eating disturbances. Undergraduate students from the United States (N=166) and Norway (N=233) were given self-report questionnaires that included measures of parental bonding, locus of control, self-concept clarity, self-esteem, and disturbed cognitions associated with eating. A structural equation model showed the expected pattern, with bonding predicting self-concept and self-concept predicting eating disturbances. The model fit equally well for samples from both countries and for both genders. This model links the pattern of low care and overprotective parental bonding indicators mediated through a self-concept defined by a lack of self-u... Eating Behaviors journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1128819 Tue, 01 Jan 2008 05:00:00 +0100 1128819 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1128818&cid=s_35528_164_f&fid=35528&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18167321%26dopt%3DAbstract This article reports the development and validation of a measure of Irrational Food Beliefs (IFB), defined as cognitively distorted and unhealthy attitudes and beliefs pertaining to food, which is proposed to be a factor that undermines success at weight loss and maintenance. Studies 1 and 2 demonstrated that the Irrational Food Beliefs Scale (IFBS) contains ecologically valid items and is comprised of two primary factors (irrational and rational food beliefs) whose items are internally consistent. Study 3 established that irrational subscale scores were positively associated with first semester weight gain in college freshmen. In Study 4, irrational food belief scores related predictably to measures of recent weight gain, poor weight loss maintenance, and bulimic symptoms in another colle... Eating Behaviors journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1128818 Tue, 01 Jan 2008 05:00:00 +0100 1128818 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1128817&cid=s_35528_164_f&fid=35528&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18167322%26dopt%3DAbstract This study investigated whether implicit and self-reported food and exercise attitudes changed during a residential six month treatment period in youngsters with obesity (n=19). Moreover, it was examined whether this attitudinal change explained their decrease in overweight during the program and at a one year follow up. Two Extrinsic Affective Simon Tasks (EAST) were conducted to investigate implicit attitudes towards exercise and food, respectively. Self-reported attitudes were assessed using a questionnaire. The results revealed that the obese youngsters lost weight during the treatment, that was not regained at follow up. Mean self-reported and implicit attitudes did not change markedly. Moreover, changes in self-reported attitudes were not predictive for decrease in overweight during ... Eating Behaviors journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1128817 Tue, 01 Jan 2008 05:00:00 +0100 1128817 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1128816&cid=s_35528_164_f&fid=35528&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18167323%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Cooley E, Toray T, Wang MC, Valdez NN PMID: 18167323 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Eating Behaviors) Eating Behaviors journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1128816 Tue, 01 Jan 2008 05:00:00 +0100 1128816 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1128815&cid=s_35528_164_f&fid=35528&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18167324%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Allison KC, Lundgren JD, O'Reardon JP, Martino NS, Sarwer DB, Wadden TA, Crosby RD, Engel SG, Stunkard AJ The purpose of this study was to evaluate the Night Eating Questionnaire (NEQ) as a measure of severity of the Night Eating Syndrome (NES). The 14-item NEQ assesses the behavioral and psychological symptoms of NES. The NEQ was evaluated in three samples: 1980 persons who completed the NEQ on the Internet; 81 persons diagnosed with NES; and 194 bariatric surgery candidates. Study 1, using principal components analysis, generated four factors (nocturnal ingestions, evening hyperphagia, morning anorexia, and mood/sleep) and an acceptable alpha (.70). Confirmatory factor analysis suggested that 99% of covariation among factors is accounted for by a higher-order construct. Stud... Eating Behaviors journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1128815 Tue, 01 Jan 2008 05:00:00 +0100 1128815 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1128814&cid=s_35528_164_f&fid=35528&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18167325%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Reba-Harrelson L, Von Holle A, Thornton LM, Klump KL, Berrettini WH, Brandt H, Crawford S, Crow S, Fichter MM, Goldman D, Halmi KA, Johnson C, Kaplan AS, Keel P, Lavia M, Mitchell J, Plotnicov K, Rotondo A, Strober M, Treasure J, Woodside DB, Kaye WH, Bulik CM We investigated the relation between diet pill use and eating disorder subtype, purging and other compensatory behaviors, body mass index (BMI), tobacco and caffeine use, alcohol abuse or dependence, personality characteristics, and Axis I and Axis II disorders in 1,345 participants from the multisite Price Foundation Genetics Studies. Diet pill use was significantly less common in women with restricting type of AN than in women with other eating disorder subtypes. In addition, diet pill use was associated with the use o... Eating Behaviors journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1128814 Tue, 01 Jan 2008 05:00:00 +0100 1128814 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1128813&cid=s_35528_164_f&fid=35528&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18167326%26dopt%3DAbstract DISCUSSION: Female students in their first year of college gain a small but significant amount of weight, and weight gain was mostly unrelated to dietary restraint. Disordered eating increases during the first year of college and, is predicted by prospective dietary restraint and concerns about weight gain. PMID: 18167326 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Eating Behaviors) Eating Behaviors journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1128813 Tue, 01 Jan 2008 05:00:00 +0100 1128813 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1128812&cid=s_35528_164_f&fid=35528&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18167327%26dopt%3DAbstract DISCUSSION: These results are consistent with an internalization model of family issues. Family dysfunction and values lead to depressive symptoms, external attributions, and negative body esteem. Dieting may be a "solution" that leads to additional eating problems such as binge eating when depression is present. PMID: 18167327 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Eating Behaviors) Eating Behaviors journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1128812 Tue, 01 Jan 2008 05:00:00 +0100 1128812 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1128811&cid=s_35528_164_f&fid=35528&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18167328%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Chang EC, Ivezaj V, Downey CA, Kashima Y, Morady AR The present study investigated the relationships between three popular measures of perfectionism [the Eating Disorders Inventory - Perfectionism scale (EDI-P), the Frost Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale (FMPS), and the Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale (MPS)] and measures of eating disturbances and health behaviors, in a sample of 248 female college students. Results indicated that the adaptiveness or maladaptiveness of certain perfectionism dimensions should still be questioned. Also, self-oriented and socially prescribed perfectionism (from the MPS) were consistently found to be the most important predictors of both eating disturbances and health behaviors. Surprisingly, scores on the EDI-P were not found to be signi... Eating Behaviors journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1128811 Tue, 01 Jan 2008 05:00:00 +0100 1128811 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1128810&cid=s_35528_164_f&fid=35528&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18167329%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Ferrier AG, Martens MP The concepts of ineffectiveness and task-specific failure have both been studied in relation to disordered eating. A new, related concept that may have more clinical utility is that of perceived incompetence, or the feeling that one is inadequate in specific life domains. The purposes of this study were to (a) validate a measure of perceived incompetence, and (b) determine the degree to which perceived incompetence and disordered eating are related and the implications of such a relationship. Participants were 403 undergraduate students who completed questionnaires to assess levels of perceived incompetence, disordered eating, and self-esteem. Based on adequate convergent validity with a measure of self-esteem and a confirmatory factor analysis, this mea... Eating Behaviors journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1128810 Tue, 01 Jan 2008 05:00:00 +0100 1128810 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1128809&cid=s_35528_164_f&fid=35528&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18167330%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Zoccali R, Bruno A, Muscatello MR, Micò U, Corica F, Meduri M The aim was to assess the prevalent defense mechanisms in a sample of obese subjects; since specific defensive styles may interfere with the management of stressors and emotions, they may also influence the onset, the severity, and the maintenance of obesity. 70 obese subjects and 70 healthy normal-weight volunteers were assessed using the Defense Mechanisms Inventory - DMI. Significant differences between groups have emerged at Turning Against Object (t=-5.30; p<0.0001), Projection (t=-5.55; p<0.0001), Turning Against Self (t=-4.87; p<0.0001) and Reversal (t=-3.61; p<0.0001) variables. Within the obese group, significant differences have been found at Turning Against Object (U=264; p=.001) and Proj... Eating Behaviors journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1128809 Tue, 01 Jan 2008 05:00:00 +0100 1128809 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1128808&cid=s_35528_164_f&fid=35528&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18167331%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Mayer B, Bos AE, Muris P, Huijding J, Vlielander M In the present study, the hypothesized causal relationship between disgust and eating pathology was investigated. Female undergraduates were either assigned to an experimental condition in which feelings of disgust were induced by means of a bad smelling odorant, or to a control condition in which no such disgust manipulation was carried out. Both groups completed questionnaires for measuring various eating disorder-related concepts (i.e., body esteem, restraint eating, and body change strategies). In addition, explicit and implicit preferences for high-caloric food were measured. Results demonstrated that women in the experimental condition did not report lower levels of body esteem, and neither showed higher levels of restra... Eating Behaviors journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1128808 Tue, 01 Jan 2008 05:00:00 +0100 1128808 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=974516&cid=s_35528_164_f&fid=35528&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17950931%26dopt%3DAbstract This study examined the magnitude of BD in university undergraduates (n=310). Body weight dissatisfaction (BWD) was measured as the difference between current and idealized body weight; body shape dissatisfaction (BSD) as the difference between and current and idealized body shape. Overall, females expressed greater BD than males. Overweight individuals expressed the greatest BWD and BSD, yet half desired a weight that would maintain their overweight body mass index (BMI) classification. Normal weight females desired a slightly thinner, lighter body, while desires among normal weight males were mixed. Underweight females and normal weight males expressed little BWD and BSD, commonly idealizing a body weight maintaining their BMI classification. However, results may suggest a shift in body ... Eating Behaviors journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=974516 Wed, 24 Oct 2007 13:58:26 +0100 974516 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=974515&cid=s_35528_164_f&fid=35528&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17950932%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Santos M, Steven Richards C, Kathryn Bleckley M PMID: 17950932 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Eating Behaviors) Eating Behaviors journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=974515 Wed, 24 Oct 2007 13:58:25 +0100 974515 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=974514&cid=s_35528_164_f&fid=35528&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17950933%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Somerville K, Cooper M Women with bulimia nervosa (BN), dieters and non-dieting control participants were questioned about spontaneous imagery linked to concern with food and eating, weight and shape. The downward arrow technique was used to access any associated negative or core beliefs, which were examined for belief, distress and content. A semi-structured interview with open and closed questions was used. Negative self (core) beliefs were successfully accessed, and responses to the interview items had good test-retest and good inter-rater reliability. Patients with BN reported significantly more negative self (core) beliefs than those in the other two groups. Only a very small number of core beliefs about other people or the world in general were reported. Emotional belief... Eating Behaviors journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=974514 Wed, 24 Oct 2007 13:58:24 +0100 974514 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=974513&cid=s_35528_164_f&fid=35528&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17950934%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Davies WH, Ackerman LK, Davies CM, Vannatta K, Noll RB Conducted exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis of the About Your Child's Eating (AYCE) inventory with 763 parents. Parent subjects were drawn from a community study of families with physically healthy and chronically ill children between 8 and 16 years of age. Three correlated factors were identified: Child Resistance to Eating, Positive Mealtime Environment, and Parent Aversion to Mealtime. The internal consistency of the factors remained satisfactory across all examined demographic subgroups. Evidence for convergent validity was found by comparing the AYCE factors to higher order factors of the Family Environment Scale. Empirically derived clinical range cut-off scores are presented. Results support the AYCE as a... Eating Behaviors journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=974513 Wed, 24 Oct 2007 13:58:22 +0100 974513 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=974512&cid=s_35528_164_f&fid=35528&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17950935%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: de Leeuw RN, Snoek HM, van Leeuwe JF, van Strien T, Engels RC The present study investigated similarities and reciprocal influences in emotional, external and restrained eating in adolescent siblings, and the moderating role of sex and quality of relationship. A total of 415 sibling pairs (aged 13-16 years) participated in this two-wave one-year longitudinal study. Analyses were conducted by means of Structural Equation Modeling. Cross-sectional findings demonstrated that siblings are moderately similar in their eating behavior. Longitudinal findings showed that the younger siblings exert a small influence on the emotional and external eating behavior of the older siblings. No support was found for the older siblings affecting the younger siblings in their eating behavior. Fur... Eating Behaviors journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=974512 Wed, 24 Oct 2007 13:58:21 +0100 974512 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=974511&cid=s_35528_164_f&fid=35528&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17950936%26dopt%3DAbstract This study investigated the relationship between illness representations and stage of change in women with anorexic (N=33) and women with bulimic (N=36) disorders. A cross-sectional design was employed and participants were asked to complete a set of questionnaires. The relationship between illness representations and stage of change was explored in the two groups separately using hierarchical multiple regression analyses. A number of different items from the illness representations measure, together with locus of control and social support, explained relatively high proportions of the variance in each stage of change in the two groups. Where similar items emerged as important in both groups, their relative importance showed variation according to stage of change being considered. Implicat... Eating Behaviors journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=974511 Wed, 24 Oct 2007 13:58:20 +0100 974511 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=974510&cid=s_35528_164_f&fid=35528&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17950937%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Chui W, Safer DL, Bryson SW, Agras WS, Wilson GT This exploratory study investigated whether White and ethnic minority bulimic participants differ on key features of eating psychopathology and treatment outcome. Data from a randomized controlled multi-site study comparing the efficacy of either cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) or interpersonal therapy (IPT) for 219 women with bulimia nervosa were analyzed. A significant baseline ethnic difference for body mass index (BMI) (p<.001) was found as well as an ethnicity by center interaction for a prior history of depression (p<.05). In addition, there was a significant ethnic difference for the Weight Concerns subscale of the Eating Disorder Examination (EDE). However, once BMI was controlled, this difference did not retain... Eating Behaviors journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=974510 Wed, 24 Oct 2007 13:58:18 +0100 974510 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=974509&cid=s_35528_164_f&fid=35528&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17950938%26dopt%3DAbstract This study evaluated predictors of strategies to change weight and muscles among men and women who attend fitness centers. A questionnaire was completed by 107 men (mean age=39.17, SD=13.14), and 151 women (mean age=35.31, SD=11.38) who regularly attended fitness centers at two points in time, one year apart. The only unique predictor of body change strategies over time for men was body dissatisfaction predicting drive for thinness; for women, body dissatisfaction predicted strategies to lose weight, drive for thinness, use of food supplements to lose weight and levels of bulimia. Media messages also predicted drive for thinness and bulimia among women. These findings would suggest that attendance body dissatisfaction is an important factor predicting other normative and health risk behavi... Eating Behaviors journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=974509 Wed, 24 Oct 2007 13:58:17 +0100 974509 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=974508&cid=s_35528_164_f&fid=35528&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17950939%26dopt%3DAbstract This study examined body dissatisfaction and negative affect in understanding the link between perfectionism and dieting and bulimic symptoms in a sample of 307 female college students. Perfectionism was found to be associated with dieting and bulimic symptoms. Body dissatisfaction was found to interact with socially prescribed perfectionism in predicting both dieting and bulimic symptoms. Support for a prediction model involving negative affect as a mediator between socially prescribed perfectionism and bulimic symptoms was found only among those who reported a moderate level of body dissatisfaction. For those who reported a high level of body dissatisfaction, socially prescribed perfectionism was the only significant predictor of bulimic symptoms. Implications of the present findings for... Eating Behaviors journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=974508 Wed, 24 Oct 2007 13:58:15 +0100 974508 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=714084&cid=s_35528_28_f&fid=35528&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17606224%26dopt%3DAbstract DISCUSSION: The current study suggests that both BAQ and ABS are adequate for use in Japanese males and females to assess their body attitudes. PMID: 17606224 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Eating Behaviors) Eating Behaviors journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=714084 Wed, 04 Jul 2007 17:51:12 +0100 714084 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=714083&cid=s_35528_28_f&fid=35528&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17606225%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Hinrichsen H, Sheffield A, Waller G While social anxiety and agoraphobia are commonly observed in patients with eating disorders, little is known about the types of family environment that may predispose patients to the development of these types of comorbid anxiety problem. The present study investigated whether social anxiety and agoraphobia in patients with eating disorders are linked to different types of parenting experiences. A sample of 70 women meeting DSM-IV criteria for an eating disorder completed self-report measures of social anxiety, agoraphobia and perceived parenting experiences. Social anxiety in patients with eating disorders is associated with emotionally inhibited parenting by fathers (i.e., parenting that reflects a lack of ability to share feelings with t... Eating Behaviors journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=714083 Wed, 04 Jul 2007 17:51:11 +0100 714083 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=714082&cid=s_35528_28_f&fid=35528&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17606226%26dopt%3DAbstract DISCUSSION: In an experimental condition not related with food intake there is the same under-evaluation of the amount of presented food and nonedible objects among patients affected by AN and Control Subjects. The clinical finding of overestimation of food intake among patients affected by AN seems not to be due to a perceptive bias. PMID: 17606226 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Eating Behaviors) Eating Behaviors journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=714082 Wed, 04 Jul 2007 17:51:10 +0100 714082 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=714081&cid=s_35528_28_f&fid=35528&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17606227%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: De Berardis D, Carano A, Gambi F, Campanella D, Giannetti P, Ceci A, Mancini E, La Rovere R, Cicconetti A, Penna L, Di Matteo D, Scorrano B, Cotellessa C, Salerno RM, Serroni N, Ferro FM The aim of the present study was to evaluate in a non-clinical sample of undergraduate women, the relationships between alexithymia, body checking and body image, identifying predictive factors associated with the possible risk of developing an Eating Disorder (ED). The Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20), Body Checking Questionnaire (BCQ), Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-26), Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ), Interaction Anxiousness Scale (IAS), Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES) and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) were completed by 254 undergraduate females. We found that alexithymics had more c... Eating Behaviors journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=714081 Wed, 04 Jul 2007 17:51:09 +0100 714081 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=714080&cid=s_35528_28_f&fid=35528&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17606228%26dopt%3DAbstract This study examined the schema-level cognitive content and processes that might explain the presence of compulsive behaviours among patients with eating disorders. METHOD: Each of 62 eating-disordered women completed standardised measures of schema-level core beliefs and cognitive processes, and was interviewed for diagnosis and obsessive compulsive features. RESULTS: Compulsive behaviours were associated with four core beliefs - 'mistrust/abuse', 'defectiveness/shame', 'dependence/incompetence' and 'subjugation'. Higher levels of avoidance of emotional arousal were also associated with compulsivity. DISCUSSION: Schema-level beliefs and processes are associated with the presence of compulsivity. The key cognitions might impact via the activation of negative affect, meaning that the compuls... Eating Behaviors journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=714080 Wed, 04 Jul 2007 17:51:08 +0100 714080 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=714079&cid=s_35528_28_f&fid=35528&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17606229%26dopt%3DAbstract DISCUSSION: Different aspects of psychopathological symptomology may be risk factors for reports of feeding problems dependent on the child's gender. Further work should continue to assess the nature and motivation for the controlling of feeding behaviors exhibited by mothers of children of different genders. PMID: 17606229 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Eating Behaviors) Eating Behaviors journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=714079 Wed, 04 Jul 2007 17:51:07 +0100 714079 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=714078&cid=s_35528_28_f&fid=35528&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17606230%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Freedman RE, Carter MM, Sbrocco T, Gray JJ Racial differences in men's preferences for African-American and Caucasian women's body size and shape were examined. As expected, there was a trend for African-American men to choose ideal figures with a lower waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), which is associated with a more curvaceous figure. Contrary to expectations, however, African-American men did not choose heavier female figures as ideal. In fact, both groups chose underweight and normal weight figures as ideal. The results from this study suggest that while preferences for WHR may continue to be associated with cultural factors, African-American and Caucasian men may have become more similar than different in their preferences for female weight. Also, the results suggest that within ... Eating Behaviors journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=714078 Wed, 04 Jul 2007 17:51:06 +0100 714078 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=714077&cid=s_35528_28_f&fid=35528&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17606231%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Thome JL, Espelage DL Although disordered eating behaviors and obligatory exercise are relatively common among undergraduate females, many questions about their etiology remain unanswered. In the current study, structural equation modeling was used to investigate whether a model of personality, exercise attitudes, and exercise behavior that was previously developed with a clinical sample [Davis, C., Katzman, D.K., & Kirsh, C. (1999). Compulsive physical activity in adolescents with anorexia nervosa: A psychobehavioral spiral of pathology. The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 187, 336-342.] would also fit for a sample of non-clinical college females (n=599). Further, a second model extended the first model to predict exercise behavior and eating/weight restriction. Re... Eating Behaviors journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=714077 Wed, 04 Jul 2007 17:51:05 +0100 714077 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=714076&cid=s_35528_28_f&fid=35528&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17606232%26dopt%3DAbstract DISCUSSION: The concept of disordered energy control warrants further investigation particularly in overweight and obese groups. A biological measure of inappropriate energy control associated with medical and psychological problems would be useful. PMID: 17606232 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Eating Behaviors) Eating Behaviors journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=714076 Wed, 04 Jul 2007 17:51:03 +0100 714076