MedWorm.com provides a medical RSS filtering service. Over 6000 RSS medical sources are combined and output via different filters. This feed contains the latest items from the 'Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety' source. Thu, 09 Feb 2012 11:36:03 +0100 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5504508&cid=s_35531_55_f&fid=35531&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22088328%26dopt%3DAbstract This study assessed the effects of microcystin-LR (MC-LR) exposure on matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) expression and cancer cell migration. After male mice were orally administered with different concentrations of MC-LR for 270d, histopathologic observation revealed an obvious hepatic lymphocyte infiltration or fatty degeneration. Immunohisto-chemical staining and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay demonstrated that MC-LR treatment (even at 1nM) caused up-regulated expressions of hepatic MMP-2/-9. Quantitative reverse-transcriptase PCR showed that the exposure to 80nM MC-LR induced an increase of MMP-2/-9 mRNA levels by 1.0 and 1.9 fold. Breast cancer cells (MDA-MB-435s) were also cultured with MC-LR solutions and a wound healing assay demonstrated that MC-LR posed a time/dose-dependent st... Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5504508 Fri, 16 Dec 2011 02:23:29 +0100 5504508 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5504507&cid=s_35531_55_f&fid=35531&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22088329%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Bauer DE, Conforti V, Ruiz L, Gómez N Abstract This bioassay was designed with the aim of exploring the responses of two wild planktonic microalgae exposed in situ (72h) as indicators of the changes in water quality. Monocultures of both strains within dialysis membrane bags were placed at two sites in a small lowland stream. Site 1 is located at a suburban area with low horticultural activity and Site 2 is impacted by toxic industrial discharges and urban land use. There was a decrease in population growth of both species at Site 2 compared with Site 1. The comparison of the algae exposed in situ with the normal specimens cultured at the laboratory indicated a significant increase in the cellular volume for both species at both sites. Abnormal shape was recorded at both ... Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5504507 Fri, 16 Dec 2011 02:23:19 +0100 5504507 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5504506&cid=s_35531_55_f&fid=35531&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22101109%26dopt%3DAbstract This study examined the potential of artificial neural network (ANN) modeling to infer timing, route and dose of contaminant exposure from biomarkers in a freshwater fish. Hepatic glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity and biliary concentrations of BaP, 1-OH BaP, 3-OH BaP and 7,8D BaP were quantified in juvenile Clarias gariepinus injected intramuscularly or intraperitoneally with 10-50mg/kg benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) 1-3d earlier. A feedforward multilayer perceptron (MLP) ANN resulted in more accurate prediction of timing, route and exposure dose than a linear neural network or a radial basis function (RBF) ANN. MLP sensitivity analyses revealed contribution of all five biomarkers to predicting route of exposure but no contribution of hepatic GST activity or one of the two hydroxylated BaP me... Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5504506 Fri, 16 Dec 2011 02:23:09 +0100 5504506 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5504505&cid=s_35531_55_f&fid=35531&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22114953%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Denslow ND, Griffitt RJ, Martyniuk CJ PMID: 22114953 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety) Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5504505 Fri, 16 Dec 2011 02:23:00 +0100 5504505 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5504483&cid=s_35531_55_f&fid=35531&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22154778%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Yi H, Yin J, Liu X, Jing X, Fan S, Zhang H Abstract Sulfur dioxide (SO(2)) induced nuclear condensation and nuclear fragmentation and rapid loss of guard cell viability in detached epidermis of Vicia leaves at concentrations of 1mM and higher (3h exposure). Caspase inhibitors Z-Asp-CH(2)-DCB (0.1mM) and TLCK (0.1mM) markedly suppressed SO(2)-induced cell death. The typical nuclear morphological changes and the inhibition effects of caspase inhibitors suggest the activation of a programmed cell death (PCD) pathway. SO(2)-induced cell death can be blocked by either antioxidants (0.1mM AsA or 200U/mL CAT) or Ca(2+) antagonists (0.1mM EGTA or LaCl(3)). AsA and CAT also blocked SO(2)-induced ROS production and [Ca(2+)](cyt) increase. However, EGTA and LaCl(3) can inhibit SO(2)-... Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5504483 Fri, 09 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5504483 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5504488&cid=s_35531_55_f&fid=35531&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22154142%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Vieira MC, Torronteras R, Córdoba F, Canalejo A Abstract Manganese is a relatively common, yet poorly studied element in freshwater ecosystems, where it can be significantly bioconcentrated. The knowledge about the mechanisms of Mn toxicity on fish health is still limited. The aim of the present study was to assess the potential induction of oxidative stress and the antioxidant response after a 96h waterborne Mn-exposure (at 0.1 and 1mM) in gill, kidney, liver and brain of goldfish (Carassius auratus). Mn 1mM induced an increase of lipid hydroperoxides, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities in all tissues with the exception of SOD inhibition in the brain. Particular response of catalase (CAT) was indicated-its inhibition in the liver and k... Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5504488 Thu, 08 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5504488 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5504486&cid=s_35531_55_f&fid=35531&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22154144%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, to develop a method for the detoxification of antineoplastics in excreta, methotrexate solution in the presence of human urine was electrolyzed and evaluated. We found that urine inhibits detoxification by electrolysis; however, this inhibition decreased by diluting urine. In urine samples, the concentrations of active chlorine generated by anodic oxidation from 0.9% NaCl solution for inactivation of antineoplastics increased in dilution-dependent and time-dependent manner. These results indicate that electrolysis with platinum-based iridium oxide composite electrode is a possible method for the detoxification of a certain antineoplastic in urine. PMID: 22154144 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety) Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5504486 Thu, 08 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5504486 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5504484&cid=s_35531_55_f&fid=35531&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22154146%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Shi JQ, Cheng J, Wang FY, Flamm A, Wang ZY, Yang X, Gao SX Abstract The acute toxicity (-logEC(50)) to Photobacterium phosphoreum and the n-octanol/water partition coefficient (logK(ow)) of 31 kinds of substituted thiophenols were determined at 298.15K. The -logEC(50) values of studied chemicals are between 4.26 and 5.89. Their logK(ow) values are between 1.34 and 4.02. Comparative molecular field (CoMFA) and comparative molecular similarity index analysis (CoMSIA) models established were successful in predicting -logEC(50) and logK(ow) values of halogenated, methylic, amino and methoxy thiophenols. The size of molecule is the main factor influencing the properties. No correlation was found between the properties and their structural and thermodynamic descriptors from DFT ... Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5504484 Thu, 08 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5504484 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5504487&cid=s_35531_55_f&fid=35531&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22154143%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Pham CH, Yi J, Gu MB Abstract The chronic toxicity test has been conducted for twenty-eight days to characterize the hepatic expression levels of eight stress-related genes after exposing Medaka to two doses of silver nitrate or a silver nanoparticle (Ag-NP) using real time RT-PCR analysis. This extends our previously published work to include three additional biomarkers and three later time points. In comparing with the control, the significant induction of MT and GST genes in livers of the fish exposed to 1μg/l Ag-NPs was observed at various time points during the test period. The Orla C3-1 (Medaka) gene was slightly induced only with 1μg/l Ag-NPs at 7-day exposure while the suppression of p53 and HSP70 was recorded in all exposures at the end of the test. The gene enc... Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5504487 Wed, 07 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5504487 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5504485&cid=s_35531_55_f&fid=35531&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22154145%26dopt%3DAbstract This study demonstrated that, after long-term exposure, U caused a decrease in antioxidant activities and induced oxidative stress. A possible ROS-mediated U cytotoxic mechanism is proposed. Expression levels of the investigated genes can possibly be used as a tool to evaluate U toxicity and seem to be more sensitive than the enzymatic activities. However a multiple biomarker approach is recommended as the perturbed pathways and the mode of action of this pollutant are not completely understood. PMID: 22154145 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety) Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5504485 Wed, 07 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5504485 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5504494&cid=s_35531_55_f&fid=35531&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22153302%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, atrazine induced early hepatic oxidative stress that triggered defense mechanisms to maintain the morphophysiological integrity of the liver. Further studies are needed to better understand the effects of this herbicide on human health. PMID: 22153302 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety) Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5504494 Mon, 05 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5504494 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5504493&cid=s_35531_55_f&fid=35531&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22153303%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Van Scoy AR, Anderson BS, Philips BM, Voorhees J, McCann M, De Haro H, Martin MJ, McCall J, Todd CR, Crane D, Sowby ML, Tjeerdema RS Abstract Oil spill responders require information on the relative toxicity of dispersed and un-dispersed oil in order to make informed decisions regarding the use of chemical dispersants during spill events. Toxicity of the water-accommodated fraction (WAF) and the chemically-enhanced WAF (CEWAF; via the dispersant Corexit 9500) of weathered Prudhoe Bay crude oil was investigated using adult and embryonic topsmelt; topsmelt are an ecologically important atherinid in California bays and estuaries and an important indicator species. Following 96-h exposures, metabolite profiles were measured using 1D (1)H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectr... Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5504493 Mon, 05 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5504493 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5504492&cid=s_35531_55_f&fid=35531&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22153304%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Zhang F, Wang L, Zhou L, Wu D, Pan H, Pan C Abstract A modified QuEChERS-LC-MS/MS (acronym of quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged and safe-liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry) method for the analysis of pyraclostrobin residue in peanut and soil was developed and validated. Pyraclostrobin residue dynamics and final residues in supervised field trials at Good Agricultural Practice (GAP) conditions in peanut and soil were studied. The limits of quantitation (LOQs) for pyraclostrobin in soil, plant, shell and peanut samples were 0.00057, 0.00026, 0.003 and 0.0037mgkg(-1), respectively. At fortification levels of 0.005, 0.05 and 0.5mgkg(-1) in all samples, it was shown that recoveries ranged from 80.3% to 109.4% with relative standard deviations of 1.1-8.2% (n=5). ... Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5504492 Mon, 05 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5504492 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5504491&cid=s_35531_55_f&fid=35531&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22153305%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Bonarska-Kujawa D, Kleszczyńska H, Przestalski S Abstract The aim of the present study on organotin compounds, which are toxic to biological systems, was to determine the relationship between the compounds' toxicity and their location in the lipid bilayer of the biological membrane. It was assumed that the degree of disturbance caused within the lipid bilayer of the membrane, which in turn depends on the depth of incorporation, was an appropriate measure of toxicity. Previous results from our studies on the effect of organotin chlorides on membranes, made by using infrared radiation and hemolysis of erythrocytes, indicated that tributyltin (TBT) is the most active in terms of its interaction with the erythrocyte membrane. This compound causes the most severe hemolysis of ... Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5504491 Mon, 05 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5504491 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5504490&cid=s_35531_55_f&fid=35531&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22153306%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Knauer K, Hommen U Abstract A mesocosm study with three photosystem-II inhibitors and an equipotent mixture was performed to address the value of functional and structural endpoints in evaluating the impact of herbicides on aquatic systems. The herbicides atrazine, diuron, and isoproturon were dosed in the ratio of their relative potencies as HC30 for the single substance treatments and as 1/3 HC30 for the mixture treatment to obtain comparable effect concentrations. To investigate the effects of the three herbicides and their mixture on photosynthesis of the whole system, the physical-chemical parameters pH, dissolved oxygen, and conductivity were monitored. To address effects on photosynthesis more specifically, the photosynthetic efficiency of phytoplankton and three su... Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5504490 Mon, 05 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5504490 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5504489&cid=s_35531_55_f&fid=35531&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22153307%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: López-Doval JC, Kukkonen JV, Rodrigo P, Muñoz I Abstract New analytical methods are available for detecting novel xenobiotic compounds in freshwater systems. Pharmaceuticals are suspected of having effects on freshwater biota at very low concentrations, although the nature of these effects remains unclear. Previous data from the Llobregat River revealed a positive statistical relationship between the biomass of benthic macroinvertebrates and the presence of certain non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and beta-blockers. Here, experiments were conducted with the midge Chironomus riparius and the freshwater snail Physella (Costatella) acuta in sediments and water, respectively. The sediments and water were treated with the pharmaceuticals propranolol and indometh... Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5504489 Mon, 05 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5504489 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5504495&cid=s_35531_55_f&fid=35531&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22142821%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, we assessed body burdens of PBDEs in 194 Chinese injection workers from electrical appliance factories and also measured 205 blood samples from catering workers, leather factory workers, umbilical cord and infertile men for comparison. Twelve PBDE congeners in serum samples were measured by GC-MS. The highest concentration for total PBDEs was found in injection workers, which is positively correlated to employment duration. BDE-209 was the most dominant congener followed by BDE-47, 28 and 99. We also found the presence of all twelve PBDEs in cord blood, suggesting an evidence of fetal exposure. Concentration of BDE-47 was particularly higher in serum samples from infertile men in comparison with that of catering workers and leather factory workers. PMID: 22142821 [PubMed... Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5504495 Sat, 03 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5504495 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5504499&cid=s_35531_55_f&fid=35531&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22138146%26dopt%3DAbstract Characterization of type "B" esterases and hepatic CYP450 isoenzimes in Senegalese sole for their further application in monitoring studies. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2011 Dec 2; Authors: Solé M, Vega S, Varó I Abstract In fish, the role that cholinesterases (ChEs) play in tissues other than those implicated in neural activity, as well as the involvement of carboxylesterases (CbEs) and cytochrome P450 isoenzymes (CYPs) in drug metabolism needs investigation. For that, Senegalese sole (Solea senegalensis) specimens were selected for characterization of several type B esterases and hepatic CYPs in order to further use this fish as sentinel. ChEs (acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and pseudocholinesterases (butyrylcholinesterase-BuChE and propionilcholinesterase-PrChE)) and CbEs wer... Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5504499 Fri, 02 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5504499 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5504498&cid=s_35531_55_f&fid=35531&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22138147%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Wang P, Zhang S, Wang C, Lu J Abstract The effects of Pb on photosynthetic pigments, oxidative stress and antioxidant response were assayed using biochemical and histochemical methods in leaves of Vallisneria natans (Lour.) Hara treated with 0-100μM Pb(2+) for 0-6d. The Pb content increased with the increase of exposure duration and a highest Pb uptake value (about 9.4mg Pbg(-1) dry weight) was obtained at 6d. Pb induced the accumulation of H(2)O(2) and O(2)(-). The increase of malondialdehyde content and the decrease of total chlorophyll and carotenoids were detected in V. natans under Pb stress. Activities of NAD(P)H oxidase, guaiacol peroxidase, glutathione reductase and ascorbate peroxidase increased at 75μM Pb(2+) for 2-6 days, while activities of superoxide dismuta... Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5504498 Fri, 02 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5504498 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5504497&cid=s_35531_55_f&fid=35531&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22138148%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Oukarroum A, Bras S, Perreault F, Popovic R Abstract Freshwater microalga Chlorella vulgaris and marine microalga Dunaliella tertiolecta were used to investigate toxic effects induced by 50nm silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). To induce AgNPs effect, we exposed Chlorella vulgaris and Dunaliella tertiolecta for 24h to 0-10mg/L. We showed that growth media had different effects in AgNPs agglomerates' formation. Cellular viability, reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation and lipids peroxidation were employed to assess the toxic effects of AgNPs. AgNPs were able to interact directly with the Chlorella vulgaris cells surface and large aggregates were observed. AgNPs have a negative effect on Chlorella vulgaris and Dunaliella tertiolecta, as manifested by a strong decrease in chlorop... Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5504497 Fri, 02 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5504497 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5504496&cid=s_35531_55_f&fid=35531&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22138149%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Bu N, Li X, Li Y, Ma C, Ma L, Zhang C Abstract Endophyte infected and uninfected seedlings of rice (Oryza sativa L.) were subjected to five different levels of Na(2)CO(3) for 2 weeks. Under both Na(2)CO(3) stress as well as no stress, endophyte-infected plants were higher for above-ground dry weight and shoot length, but lower for root length compared to non-infected controls, and there was no significant difference for below-ground dry weight. Chlorophylls and carotenoid contents, net photosynetic rate, transpiration rate, catalase and peroxidase activities increased, but malondialdehyde content declined in the infected plants compared to non-infected controls under Na(2)CO(3) stress. Compared to non-infected controls, water use efficiency, stomatal conductance, chlorophy... Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5504496 Fri, 02 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5504496 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5504501&cid=s_35531_55_f&fid=35531&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22137360%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Moore LJ, Fuentes L, Rodgers JH, Bowerman WW, Yarrow GK, Chao WY, Bridges WC Abstract The responses of five North American frog species that were exposed in an aqueous system to the original formulation of Roundup(®) were compared. Carefully designed and un-confounded laboratory toxicity tests are crucial for accurate assessment of potential risks from the original formulation of Roundup(®) to North American amphibians in aquatic environments. The formulated mixture of this herbicide as well as its components, isopropylamine (IPA) salt of glyphosate and the surfactant MON 0818 (containing polyethoxylated tallowamine (POEA)) were separately tested in 96h acute toxicity tests with Gosner stage 25 larval anurans. Rana pipiens, R. clamitans, R. catesbeiana, Bufo fowleri, and... Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5504501 Thu, 01 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5504501 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5504500&cid=s_35531_55_f&fid=35531&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22137361%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, a battery of bioassays with species from different low trophic levels is recommended as a rapid and cost-effective methodology for assessing LBMFF discharges. The graphical integration method and the PEEP index are proposed for consideration in EMPs for such farms. PMID: 22137361 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety) Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5504500 Thu, 01 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5504500 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5504502&cid=s_35531_55_f&fid=35531&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22136915%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Akkanen J, Tuikka A, Kukkonen JV Abstract The functionality of dissolved organic matter (DOM) was studied by assessing the availability of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) spiked in pore water samples separated from sediments by water extraction and centrifugation with or without subsequent filtration. The purpose was to compare the effects of traditionally defined DOM (0.45-μm cut off) and larger colloidal material present in the separated pore water samples on the partitioning and bioavailability of PAHs. The tested PAHs included phenanthrene (Phe), fluoranthene (Flu), pyrene (Pyr) and benzo[a]pyrene (BaP). Bioavailability of the selected PAHs was tested with two ecologically different organisms: pelagic filter feeder Daphnia magna and sediment-dwelling deposit f... Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5504502 Wed, 30 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5504502 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5504503&cid=s_35531_55_f&fid=35531&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22133653%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Kafel A, Nowak A, Bembenek J, Szczygieł J, Nakonieczny M, Swiergosz-Kowalewska R Abstract The effects of cadmium toxicity may vary between animals with different history of metal exposure. The aim of our study was to examine HSP70, protein carbonyl levels, catalase activity and total antioxidant capacity in the heads of Spodoptera exigua (Hübner) larvae originated from undergoing 1- and 44-generational cadmium treatment and in control (those that were not exposed to cadmium). We also measured the cadmium concentration and DNA damage level in the larvae. We observed higher level of heat shock proteins (HSPs) in the heads of larvae derived from multi-generational metal treatment than in the heads of those from one-generational treatment (derived from the control rearing). ... Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5504503 Tue, 29 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5504503 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5504504&cid=s_35531_55_f&fid=35531&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22118815%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Dabrowska H, Ostaszewska T, Kamaszewski M, Antoniak A, Napora-Rutkowski L, Kopko O, Lang T, Fricke NF, Lehtonen KK Abstract Flounder (Platichthys flesus), collected in late fall of 2009 from four coastal sites in the southern Baltic Sea including the Gulf of Gdańsk (GoG), were investigated for a suite of biomarkers of contaminant effects. The biomarkers included liver histopathologies, which were diagnosed and assessed using commonly applied lesion categories, the size and density of melano-macrophage aggregates (MMAs), expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and of cytochrome P450 1A (CYP1A) in liver as well as the size and density of MMAs and density of Perls'-positive cells in the spleen. The prevalence of liver lesions differed among the sites. Most fr... Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5504504 Wed, 23 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5504504 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5409309&cid=s_35531_55_f&fid=35531&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22078112%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Zhao H, Xue J, Jiang N, Peng W, Liu F Abstract The residue levels and dissipation rate of fenpropidin in wheat and soil were investigated by LC-MS/MS and GC-MS, respectively. The dissipation rates of fenpropidin were described using first-order kinetics and its half-life ranged from 3.1 to 3.3 days in wheat plants and 13.4-16.5 days in soils. During harvest time, the terminal residues of fenpropidin in wheat were below the EUs maximum residue limit (MRL, 0.5mgkg(-1)) when collected 20 days after the final application, which suggested that the use of this fungicide was safe for humans. The residues persistence varied between two geographically separated experimental sites, indicating that it might be influenced by climate, soil properties and growth dilution factor. These r... Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5409309 Wed, 09 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5409309 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5409308&cid=s_35531_55_f&fid=35531&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22078113%26dopt%3DAbstract This study highlights the interaction of citrate-coated silver nanoparticles (cAgNPs) with the biological surfaces of the nematode C. elegans. General toxicity, as proxied by factors such as mortality and reproduction, was evaluated in nematode growth medium (NGM), which provides a more homogeneous distribution of cAgNPs than in K-medium. The survival and reproduction of C. elegans evidenced a clear reduction in up to 100mg/L and 10mg/L of cAgNPs, respectively. We also noted significant interactions of cAgNPs with the biological surfaces of C. elegans. Severe epidemic edema and burst were detected in the exposure group, which may be associated with secondary infections in soil ecosystems. We observed no evidence of cAgNPs intake by C. elegans. This is, to the best of our knowledge, the fir... Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5409308 Wed, 09 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5409308 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5409307&cid=s_35531_55_f&fid=35531&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22078114%26dopt%3DAbstract This study demonstrates that fipronil insecticides cause alterations in the biochemical parameters in different tissues of carp without affecting the growth or the survival of the fish. PMID: 22078114 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety) Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5409307 Wed, 09 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5409307 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5409310&cid=s_35531_55_f&fid=35531&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22074855%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Liu Y, Gao B, Yue Q, Guan Y, Wang Y, Huang L Abstract The influences of spiramycin and amoxicillin on the algal growth, production and release of target microcystins (MCs), MC-LR, MC-RR and MC-YR, in Microcystis aeruginosa were investigated through the seven-day exposure test. Spiramycin were more toxic to M. aeruginosa than amoxicillin according to their 50 percent effective concentrations (EC(50)) in algal growth, which were 1.15 and 8.03μg/l, respectively. At environmentally relevant concentrations of 100ng/l-1μg/l, spiramycin reduced the total MC content per algal cell and inhibited the algal growth, while exposure to amoxicillin led to increases in the total MC content per algal cell and the percentage of extracellular MCs, without affecting the algal growth. Toxici... Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5409310 Tue, 08 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5409310 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5409311&cid=s_35531_55_f&fid=35531&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22071217%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Thomas M, Lazartigues A, Banas D, Brun-Bellut J, Feidt C Abstract Organochlorine pesticides (HCB, HCH with α-, β-, and γ isomers, heptachlor, cis-heptachlor epoxyde, trans-heptachlor epoxyde, endosulfan with α- and β isomers, sulfate endosulfan, o,p'-DDT, p,p'-DDT, o,p'-DDE, p,p'-DDE, o,p'-DDD, p,p'-DDD, chlorothalonil, alachlor, aldrin, dieldrin, methoxychlor, oxychlordane, chlordane with α- and γ isomers, p,p'-dicofol and o,p'-dicofol) and indicators PCBs (IUPAC nos. 28, 52, 101, 118, 138, 153, and 180) were studied both in sediments and muscles of farmed fish species (Cyprinus carpio and Perca fluviatilis). Samples were collected from fish ponds located in the hydrographic basin of the Moselle River (Lorraine Region, France). OCPs and PCBs were present at low con... Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5409311 Mon, 07 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5409311 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5409313&cid=s_35531_55_f&fid=35531&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22062151%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Gündel U, Kalkhof S, Zitzkat D, von Bergen M, Altenburger R, Küster E Abstract Concentration-response experiments, based on the testing of less replicates in favour of more exposure concentrations, represent the typical design of choice applied in toxicological and ecotoxicological effect assessment studies using traditional endpoints such as lethality. However, to our knowledge this concept has not found implementation in the increasingly applied OMICS techniques studying thousands of molecular endpoints at the same time. The present study is among the first applying the concentration-response concept for an ecotoxicoproteomics study. The effects of six different concentrations in the low effect range (<LC(20)) of the PAH phenanthrene to the proteome of the ecotoxico... Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5409313 Sat, 05 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5409313 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5409312&cid=s_35531_55_f&fid=35531&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22062152%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Weldegebriel Y, Chandravanshi BS, Wondimu T Abstract Samples of vegetables, water and soil were collected from four vegetable farms in Addis Ababa to evaluate the extent and trend of metal accumulation in these systems and health risk concerns to consumers. Vegetable samples were digested in HNO(3) and HClO(4), soil samples in Aqua Regia and water samples were pre-concentrated with methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK) using the chelating agent ammonium pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (APDC). All the samples were analyzed for Co, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, Zn, Cd and Pb with flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The concentrations of Cd (0.12-1.13mgkg(-1)) and Pb (0.11-0.89mgkg(-1)) in the vegetables surpassed the maximum recommended levels. The total metal concentrations in soils were (mgk... Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5409312 Sat, 05 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5409312 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5409315&cid=s_35531_55_f&fid=35531&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22056798%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Martyniuk CJ, Alvarez S, Denslow ND Abstract Molecular approaches in ecotoxicology have greatly enhanced mechanistic understanding of the impact of aquatic pollutants in organisms. These methods have included high throughput Omics technologies, including quantitative proteomics methods such as 2D differential in-gel electrophoresis (DIGE) and isobaric tagging for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ). These methods are becoming more widely used in ecotoxicology studies to identify and characterize protein bioindicators of adverse effect. In teleost fish, iTRAQ has been used successfully in different fish species (e.g. fathead minnow, goldfish, largemouth bass) and tissues (e.g. hypothalamus and liver) to quantify relative protein abundance. Of interest for ecotoxicolo... Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5409315 Fri, 04 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5409315 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5409314&cid=s_35531_55_f&fid=35531&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22056799%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Nakanishi S, Moore JE, Matsuda M, Goldsmith CE, Coulter WA, Rao JR Abstract Antibiotic resistance in clinical pathogens in humans may be traced back to resistance mechanisms in environmental bacteria and any factors, which are likely to alter (upregulate) resistance in environmental organisms, is of potential and eventual consequence to human pathogens. Furthermore, sublethal doses of gamma radiation to environmental organisms may cause sublethal stress and a selective pressure, which may lead to mutational events that alter the bacterium's susceptibility profile. A gamma (γ) radiation simulation experiment was performed to emulate the exposure of four environmental bacteria, including Listeria innocua, Bacillus subtilis, E. coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, to levels of r... Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5409314 Fri, 04 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5409314 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5374925&cid=s_35531_55_f&fid=35531&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22047768%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, lipid peroxidation and DNA methylation were observed in erythrocytes of Oreochromis niloticus exposed to soluble fractions of textile, metal-mechanic and pulp and paper industrial waste, after a period of 48h. Lipid peroxidation was quantified by the rate of malondialdehyde (MDA) and DNA methylation was quantified by the rate of 5-methyldeoxycytosine (m(5)dC). Soluble fractions of textile industrial waste caused metabolic changes for all studied samples. In organisms exposed to samples TX1 and TX2 (textile waste) MDA rates were 132.36 and 140.28nM MDA/mg protein, respectively, while in control organism the MDA rates were 27.5nM MDA/mg protein. All samples from soluble fractions of textile industrial waste induced increases in m(5)dC rates, increases varied between 300 percen... Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5374925 Mon, 31 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5374925 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5374924&cid=s_35531_55_f&fid=35531&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22047769%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Khadra A, Pinelli E, Lacroix MZ, Bousquet-Melou A, Hamdi H, Merlina G, Guiresse M, Hafidi M Abstract The genotoxicity of quinolone and fluroquinolones was assessed using the micronucleus (MN) test on Vicia faba roots by direct contact exposure to a solid matrix. Plants were exposed to quinolones (nalidixic acid) and fluoroquinolones (ciprofloxacin and enrofloxacin) alone or mixed with artificially contaminated soils. Four different concentrations of each of these antibiotics were tested (0.01, 0.1, 1 and 10mg/Kg) for nalidixic acid and (0.005, 0.05, 0.5 and 5mg/Kg) for ciprofloxacin and enrofloxacin. These antibiotics were also used in mixture. Exposure of Vicia faba plants to each antibiotic at the highest two concentrations showed significant MN induction. The lowest two... Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5374924 Mon, 31 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5374924 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5374929&cid=s_35531_55_f&fid=35531&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22036264%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, we detected the accumulation of MC-LR in rice grains collected from Taihu Lake region. MC-LR could accumulate in rice grains, but the risk evaluation suggested that MC-LR levels in rice grains from Taihu Lake region may not pose a threat to human health currently. In addition, MC-LR with low concentrations did not affect the growth of rice roots. However, MC-LR with high concentrations impeded the rice root morphogenesis by inhibiting root elongation, crown root formation, and lateral root development from primordia. Treatment with high concentrations of MC-LR stimulated the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and inhibited the production of nitric oxide (NO) in rice roots. Exogenous NO treatment reversed the inhibition of rice root growth under MC-LR stress. These r... Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5374929 Fri, 28 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5374929 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5374928&cid=s_35531_55_f&fid=35531&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22036265%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Veldhoen N, Ikonomou MG, Helbing CC Abstract Many species that contribute to the commercial and ecological richness of our marine ecosystems are harbingers of environmental change. The ability of organisms to rapidly detect and respond to changes in the surrounding environment represents the foundation for application of molecular profiling technologies towards marine sentinel species in an attempt to identify signature profiles that may reside within the transcriptome, proteome, or metabolome and that are indicative of a particular environmental exposure event. The current review highlights recent examples of the biological information obtained for marine sentinel teleosts, mammals, and invertebrates. While in its infancy, such basal information can provide a systems biol... Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5374928 Fri, 28 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5374928 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5374927&cid=s_35531_55_f&fid=35531&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22036266%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Hatef A, Alavi SM, Abdulfatah A, Fontaine P, Rodina M, Linhart O Abstract Alternations of reproductive physiology were studied in the male goldfish (Carassius auratus L.) exposed to environmentally relevant concentrations (0.6, 4.5 and 11.0μg/L) of bisphenol A (BPA) at days 10, 20 and 30 after exposure. Significant effects of BPA concentration, exposure time and their interactions were observed on testosterone (T), 11-ketotestosterone (11-KT) and sperm motility and velocity, but gonadosomatic index (GSI), hepatosomatic index (HSI) and 17β-estradiol (E(2)) were not affected. Vitellogenin (VTG) was only affected by BPA concentration. The T and 11-KT levels were significantly decreased in the BPA-treated groups after 20 or 30 days. Sperm motility was significantly decreased... Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5374927 Fri, 28 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5374927 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5374926&cid=s_35531_55_f&fid=35531&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22036267%26dopt%3DAbstract This study suggests that mulching may promote the accumulation of toxic metals such as Cd and Pb in cabbage and therefore increase crop risks to human health. PMID: 22036267 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety) Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5374926 Fri, 28 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5374926 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5374931&cid=s_35531_55_f&fid=35531&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22036208%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Velisek J, Stara A, Machova J, Svobodova Z Abstract The effects of a 90 day simazine exposure at concentrations of 0.06 (reported concentration in Czech rivers), 1, 2, and 4μgL(-1) were assessed in one-year-old common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.). Its influence on biometric parameters, hematology, blood biochemistry, liver biomarkers, and histology was investigated. Biometric parameters of common carp exposed to simazine at 0.06μgL(-1) showed no differences from untreated fish. Simazine concentrations of 1, 2, and 4μgL(-1) caused significant (p<0.01) increase of hepatosomatic indices relative to controls. Hematological profiles showed significant (p<0.01) decrease in leukocyte count relative to controls at all concentrations. Biochemical profiles of common carp expos... Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5374931 Thu, 27 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5374931 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5374930&cid=s_35531_55_f&fid=35531&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22036209%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Souza DS, Ramos AP, Nunes FF, Moresco V, Taniguchi S, Guiguet Leal DA, Sasaki ST, Bícego MC, Montone RC, Durigan M, Teixeira AL, Pilotto MR, Delfino N, Franco RM, de Melo CM, Bainy AC, Barardi CR Abstract Florianópolis, a city located in the Santa Catarina State in southern Brazil, is the national leading producer of bivalve mollusks. The quality of bivalve mollusks is closely related to the sanitary conditions of surrounding waters where they are cultivated. Presently, cultivation areas receive large amounts of effluents derived mainly from treated and non-treated domestic, rural, and urban sewage. This contributes to the contamination of mollusks with trace metals, pesticides, other organic compounds, and human pathogens such as viruses, bacteria, and protozoan. The ai... Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5374930 Thu, 27 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5374930 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5374932&cid=s_35531_55_f&fid=35531&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22033226%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Hackenberger BK, Velki M, Stepić S, Hackenberger DK Abstract Efflux pumps are transport proteins involved in the extrusion of toxic substrates from cells to the external environment. Activities of efflux pumps have been found in many organisms, however such activity has not been evidenced in earthworms. Adult Eisenia andrei earthworms were exposed to efflux modulators - verapamil (a known inhibitor of efflux pump protein) and dexamethasone (a known inducer of efflux activity) - and the amount of absorbed fluorescent dye rhodamine B was measured. The results showed that verapamil inhibited efflux activity and decreased removal of rhodamine B, whereas dexamethasone induced efflux activity and increased removal of rhodamine B. This is the first evidence of the presence of ef... Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5374932 Tue, 25 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5374932 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5356976&cid=s_35531_55_f&fid=35531&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22030380%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Giari L, Dezfuli BS, Lanzoni M, Castaldelli G Abstract An oil spill into the River Lambro occurred on 23 February 2010 and reached the Po River the following day. Breams captured here on 1 March 2010, along with a sample from a control site, were examined by light and electron microscopy. The main affected organs were skin and gill with slight or no damage to liver, kidney, and intestine. The gills exhibited lamellar aneurisms, fusion of secondary lamellae, edema with epithelial lifting, mucous cell hypertrophy, and mucus hypersecretion. Significantly higher mucous cell density was observed in the skin of exposed fish. Histochemical staining revealed that acid glycoconjugates were prevalent in epidermal mucous cells in the exposed Abramis brama, whereas neutral and mixed g... Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5356976 Mon, 24 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5356976 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5356981&cid=s_35531_55_f&fid=35531&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22019253%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Pandey R, Shubhashish K, Pandey J Abstract Pot culture experiments were conducted to study dietary intake of heavy metals via vegetables, spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.), radish (Raphanus sativus L.) and tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill) grown under the influence of atmospheric deposition and wastewater irrigation. The results indicated substantial accumulation of heavy metals in vegetables, which contribute significantly to dietary intake of total heavy metals ranging from 1.34 to 110.40μgg(-1) through leaves (spinach), 1.04 to 105.86μgg(-1) through root (radish) and 0.608 to 82.19μgg(-1) through fruits (tomato). Concentration of Cd, Ni and Pb in vegetables exceeded the safe limits of Prevention of Food Adulteration Act 1954. Health risk index for Cd and Pb exceeded... Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5356981 Fri, 21 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5356981 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5356979&cid=s_35531_55_f&fid=35531&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22019309%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Fang YX, Ying GG, Zhang LJ, Zhao JL, Su HC, Yang B, Liu S Abstract We investigated the acute toxicity of various industrial effluents in the Pearl River Delta region using lux bacteria, duckweed, green algae, crustaceans and zebrafish. The potential toxicants in the industrial effluents were identified and evaluated by lux bacteria bioassay and chemical analysis. The results show that green algae (Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata) and crustacean (Ceriodaphnia dubia) were more sensitive to the effluents from electronic and electroplate factories than other test species, while lux bacteria were more sensitive to all the other effluents. The toxicities of effluents from electronic and electroplate factories to the six test organisms were significantly higher than those of the ... Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5356979 Fri, 21 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5356979 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5356982&cid=s_35531_55_f&fid=35531&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22018546%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Serbula SM, Miljkovic DD, Kovacevic RM, Ilic AA Abstract Robinia pseudoacacia L. (Fabaceae) was evaluated as a possible bioindicator of airborne heavy metal pollution, which originates from mining and pyrometallurgical copper production in Bor (Eastern Serbia). Concentrations of Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd, As and Hg were determined in different plant organs (washed/unwashed leaves, branches, roots) and topsoil of R. pseudoacacia by ICP-AES and by AAS. Sampling was carried out during 2008 at ten selected sites distributed in five zones with different levels of pollution. Concentrations of Pb, Cd and Hg did not exceeded the maximum allowed concentration (MAC) in soils at any of the sampling sites. Cu and As were present only at two sites within the MAC, whereas Zn exceeded the MAC at tw... Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5356982 Thu, 20 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5356982 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5356980&cid=s_35531_55_f&fid=35531&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22019308%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Chen QL, Luo Z, Zheng JL, Li XD, Liu CX, Zhao YH, Gong Y Abstract The present study was conducted to determine interactive effects of waterborne co-exposure of copper (Cu) and calcium (Ca) on Cu accumulation, enzymatic activities and histology in yellow catfish Pelteobagrus fulvidraco and test the prediction that Ca could protect against Cu-induced toxicity in the fish species. Yellow catfish were exposed to 0, 1.0, 2.0mgCu/l, in combination with 0 and 50mgCa/l. Waterborne Cu and Ca co-exposure influenced the majority of tested enzymatic activities (succinate dehydrogenase, malic dehydrogenase, lactate dehydrogenase, lipoprotein lipase and hepatic lipase), and changed Cu contents in several organs (gill, liver, kidney, gastrointestine and muscle). For histological observat... Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5356980 Thu, 20 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5356980 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5356978&cid=s_35531_55_f&fid=35531&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22019310%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Ventura SP, Marques CS, Rosatella AA, Afonso CA, Gonçalves F, Coutinho JA Abstract The increasing interest on the application of ionic liquids (ILs) to a wide range of processes and products has been hampered by a lack of toxicological data, mainly in what concerns novel cations, such as guanidinium, phosphonium, and functionalized and non-functionalized imidazolium-based ILs. The present study reports the toxicity of five guanidinium-, six phosphonium, and six imidazolium-based ILs, towards the luminescent marine bacteria Vibrio fischeri. These new results clearly show that guanidinium-, unlike the imidazolium- and phosphonium-based ILs, do not follow the trend of increasing toxicity with the increase in the alkyl chain length. Moreover, the introduction of oxygenated gr... Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5356978 Thu, 20 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5356978 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5356977&cid=s_35531_55_f&fid=35531&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22019311%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Gutiérrez-Praena D, Jos A, Pichardo S, Moyano R, Blanco A, Monterde JG, Cameán AM Abstract Although fish and aquatic organisms can be in contact with the cyanotoxin cylindrospermopsin (CYN), toxicological studies are practically nonexistent. CYN has a late and progressive acute toxicity in rodents, but no data have been reported in fish. In this work, tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) were exposed for the first time to an acute dose of CYN (200μg/kg fish) by intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection, and the effects were compared with the oral route (gavage). In both cases, fish were sacrificed after 24h or 5 days of the toxin administration. CYN induced multiorganic damage, being the liver and kidney the main targets of toxicity. The histological findings were more pronounced aft... Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5356977 Thu, 20 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5356977 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5356983&cid=s_35531_55_f&fid=35531&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22018545%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Beyger L, Orrego R, Guchardi J, Holdway D Abstract Endosulfan is an organochlorine pesticide, which is used worldwide and has known toxic effects on non-target organisms including fish. This research investigated the acute and chronic effects of pulse-exposed endosulfan on Florida flagfish (Jordanella floridae). A 4-h pulse-exposure of endosulfan to larval flagfish caused a significant increase in mortality after 96h at nominal concentrations equal to or greater than 100μg/L. Some of the acute sub-lethal observations included hyperactivity, convulsions, and axis malformation. Seven-eight day old post-hatch flagfish were pulse-exposed for 4h to endosulfan and then monitored over one full life-cycle for chronic effects on growth, reproduction, and survivability. There were ... Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5356983 Wed, 19 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5356983 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5338953&cid=s_35531_55_f&fid=35531&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22014597%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Panigo ES, Dellaferrera IM, Acosta JM, Bender AG, Garetto JI, Perreta MG Abstract The purpose of this study was to analyze the structural variations of Commelina erecta, a glyphosate-tolerant weed, produced by this herbicide. Regrowth shoots (vegetative cloning axes) and seedlings and two glyphosate concentrations: 900 and 1800 grams of acid equivalent per hectare (ga.e.ha(-1)) were used. The following variations were observed: foliar shape and size changes, changes in the length of internodes, variations in the quantity of inflorescences, low seed production, and differences in the number of branches. After treatment, different phenotypic responses were observed as a result of differential sensitivity to glyphosate. Most of the vegetatively-propagated plants treated with ... Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5338953 Mon, 17 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5338953 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5338954&cid=s_35531_55_f&fid=35531&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22005213%26dopt%3DAbstract The objectives of this experimental study were to examine the interaction between metal contaminated aquatic environments and element uptake by Echinodorus amazinocus and Cryptocoryne undulata. Changes in element concentrations were investigated in three phases in aquatic environments: water, pore water and sediment. Additionally, the amounts of partial elements, relative uptakes, translocation factor and bio-concentration factor were evaluated for each plant. Growth analyses of both plants, as well as physical parameters of the water quality obtained from the reactors, were statistically evaluated by a two-sample t-test. Following the analyses, it was observed that the amount of all of the elements in each of the phases was different for each intermittent sample. Studies with C. undulata ... Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5338954 Sat, 15 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5338954 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5338956&cid=s_35531_55_f&fid=35531&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22001317%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Lin Y, Wang X, Wang B, Mohamad O, Wei G Abstract The bioaccumulation characteristics of Zn(2+) and Cd(2+) by a novel species, Streptomyces zinciresistens CCNWNQ0016(T), were investigated. S. zinciresistens accumulated Zn(2+) and Cd(2+) mainly on the cell wall followed by intracellular accumulation. The mycelium was deformed, aggregated and formed precipitate of zinc and cadmium on the cell surface. Electron dense granules were detected on the cell wall as well as within the cytoplasm. The amino, carboxyl, hydroxyl and carbonyl groups were responsible for the biosorption of Zn(2+) and Cd(2+). The Langmuir isotherm model fitted the experimental data of metals adsorption processes better than Freundlich isotherm model. Cu(2+) and Cr(3+) competed for adsorption sites on the ce... Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5338956 Fri, 14 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5338956 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5338955&cid=s_35531_55_f&fid=35531&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22001318%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Mishra K, Sharma RC, Kumar S Abstract Organochlorine pesticides, dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) and hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH), are potential chemical pollutants extensively used for agriculture and vector control purposes due to low cost and high effectiveness. Concentrations of HCH and DDT were determined in 175 surface soil samples from different agricultural fields, fallow and urban lands of districts Nagaon and Dibrugarh, Assam, India. The mean concentrations of total HCH and total DDT were 825ng/g (range: 98-1945ng/g) and 903ng/g (range: 166-2288ng/g) in district Nagaon while 705ng/g (range: 178-1701ng/g) and 757ng/g (range: 75-2296ng/g) in district Dibrugarh, respectively. The soils from paddy fields contained highest amounts of HCH and DDT residues. Total o... Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5338955 Fri, 14 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5338955 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5338957&cid=s_35531_55_f&fid=35531&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22000904%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Gaertner K, Chandler GT, Quattro J, Ferguson PL, Sabo-Attwood T Abstract The marine copepod, Amphiascus tenuiremis (A. tenuiremis), is a well characterized invertebrate model for the screening and evaluation of endocrine and reproductive toxins using life-cycle assays. These tests evaluate phenotypic endpoints related to development and reproduction, which are utilized to predict population outcomes. Some of these endpoints in arthropods, including sexual maturation and molting, are controlled by the hormone ecdysone which acts through its cognate receptor, the ecdysone receptor. The purpose of this research was to obtain and characterize sequence information for the A. tenuiremis ecdysone receptor and investigate modulation of expression levels by fipronil, an insecticide... Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5338957 Wed, 12 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5338957 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5338958&cid=s_35531_55_f&fid=35531&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21996586%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Barón-Sola A, Ouahid Y, Del Campo FF Abstract Cyanobacterial blooms are frequently formed by heterogeneous populations of toxin-producing and non-producing strains. Microcystins (MC) and cylindrospermopsin (CYN) are the most representative cyanobacterial toxins. We have developed a multiplex PCR assay that allows simultaneous detection of MC(+) and/or CYN(+) strains in mixed populations of cyanobacteria. Various primer sets were designed using mcy and aoa gene sequences related with MC and CYN synthesis respectively, to amplify at the same time aoa and mcy sequences. Purified DNA, cultured cell mixtures and field samples with MC and CYN producing strains were used as DNA template. The results show: (i) the expected amplicons were only observed with toxic strains; (ii) cel... Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5338958 Tue, 11 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5338958 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5338961&cid=s_35531_55_f&fid=35531&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21993346%26dopt%3DAbstract This study evaluates Al-induced toxicity on the grass carp C. idella. Specimens were exposed to the maximum concentration allowed in order to protect aquatic life (0.1mgL(-1)), for 12, 24, 48, 72 and 96h. After the exposure time, lipid peroxidation degree, superoxide dismutase and catalase activity, as well as dopamine, adrenaline and noradrenaline levels were evaluated. Al concentration in organisms and water was also measured, in order to determine the bioconcentration factor. Results show that Al bioconcentrates in grass carp inducing oxidative stress (increment of 300 and 455 percent on lipid peroxidation degree and SOD activity, and decrement of 49 percent on CAT activity) and neurotoxicity (increment of 55 and 155 percent on dopamine and adrenaline levels and decrement of 93 percent ... Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5338961 Mon, 10 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5338961 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5338960&cid=s_35531_55_f&fid=35531&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21993347%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Young BJ, Riera NI, Beily ME, Bres PA, Crespo DC, Ronco AE Abstract Effluents generated during the process of anaerobic digestion should be treated before their disposal into the environment. The aim of this study was evaluating the effectiveness of the effluent treatment system from an anaerobic bioreactor, assessing the toxicity reduction with the Lactuca sativa seed germination and root elongation inhibition test. Three sampling points were selected along the effluent treatment system: inflow into the first treatment pond, outflow from the third pond and recirculated flow to the bioreactor. Effluent dilutions tested for each sampling point were 25% and 50% (v/v), undiluted sample and controls. The pH, conductivity, temperature, dissolved oxygen, BOD(5) and COD were meas... Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5338960 Mon, 10 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5338960 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5338959&cid=s_35531_55_f&fid=35531&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21993348%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Maceda-Veiga A, Monroy M, de Sostoa A Abstract Although sewage treatment plants (STPs) play a crucial role in maintaining the water quality and flow of Mediterranean rivers, particularly during drought periods, few studies have addressed their impact on aquatic fauna. Here we analyzed the role of STPs as a source of metals in the Ripoll River, a heavily urbanized and industrialized watercourse with a long history of anthropogenic disturbance. For this purpose, we measured iron, mercury, cadmium, zinc, lead, nickel and copper accumulation in the liver and muscle of the Mediterranean barbel, Barbus meridionalis and also the concentrations of these metals in the river water. Industrial and urban sewage treatment plants are source of metals in Ripoll River but the former mainl... Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5338959 Mon, 10 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5338959 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5293271&cid=s_35531_55_f&fid=35531&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21974902%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Agamy E Abstract With the heavy transport of crude oil there is an increasing risk of a major oil spill in the Gulf waters; however, there have been few studies on the impact of oil spills and subsequent remedial action on Gulf fish. The aim of the experiment was to investigate the effects of acute exposure to water soluble fraction (WAF) of light Arabian crude oil, dispersed oil and dispersant on the liver of the juvenile rabbit fish (Siganus canaliculatus), observing several histopathological biomarkers of the liver at different time points and different doses. The concentrations used (3-100 percent WAF) simulated a range of possible oil pollution events. The main alterations observed in this study include hepatocyte swelling and cytoplasmic vacuolisation, megalocytosis,... Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5293271 Mon, 03 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5293271 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5272371&cid=s_35531_55_f&fid=35531&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21959188%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Poulsen AH, Kawaguchi S, King CK, King RA, Bengtson Nash SM Abstract Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) have been frequently measured throughout the Southern Ocean food web for which little information is available to assess the potential risks of POP exposure. The current study evaluated the toxicological sensitivity of a key Southern Ocean species, Antarctic krill, to aqueous exposure of p,p'-dichlorodiphenyl dichloroethylene (p,p'-DDE). Behavioural endpoints were used as indicators of sublethal toxicity. Immediate behavioural responses (partial immobility and tail flicking) most likely reflect neurotoxicity, while the p,p'-DDE body residue causing a median level of sublethal toxicity in Antarctic krill following 96h exposure (IEC50(sublethal toxicity)=3.9±0.21mmol/kg... Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5272371 Tue, 27 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5272371 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5272370&cid=s_35531_55_f&fid=35531&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21959189%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: de Melo EB Abstract A quantitative structure-property relationship (QSPR) study for predicting the logarithm of bioconcentration factors (LogBCF) of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) is presented in this work. For this, the descriptors were obtained using only the Simplified Molecular Input Line Entry System (SMILES) strings in the free web server Parameter Client. The model was built using the Partial Least Squares (PLS) regression method. The best model presented five descriptors (one E-state index and four topological descriptors) and a high quality for fit, internal, and external predictions. The leave-N-out (LNO) cross validation and the y-randomization test showed the model is robust and has no shown chance correlation. With a second test set, the model was compared t... Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5272370 Tue, 27 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5272370 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5272373&cid=s_35531_55_f&fid=35531&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21955883%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Olsén L, Lampa E, Birkholz DA, Lind L, Lind PM Abstract The plastic manufacture compounds, bisphenol A (BPA) and phthalates, are ubiquitous and have therefore been detected in virtually all types of analyzed human samples. The aim of this study was: (1) to investigate concentrations of serum levels of BPA and phthalate metabolites in seniors residing in the city of Uppsala, Sweden (2) to evaluate gender differences in relation to serum levels of BPA and phthalate metabolites in the subjects. In the population-based Prospective Investigation of the Vasculature in Uppsala Seniors (PIVUS), encompassing 1016 subjects, all aged 70, serum levels of BPA and phthalate metabolites were measured by Isotope Dilution-High Performance Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry. BP... Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5272373 Mon, 26 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5272373 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5272372&cid=s_35531_55_f&fid=35531&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21955884%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Lourenço J, Pereira R, Silva A, Carvalho F, Oliveira J, Malta M, Paiva A, Gonçalves F, Mendo S Abstract Earthworms were exposed for 56 days to a contaminated soil from an abandoned uranium mine and to the natural reference soil LUFA 2.2. The exposure occurred in situ: the containers with contaminated soil were placed near the mine pit; the containers with reference soil were placed in a reference site. For the assessment of metals bioaccumulation, DNA damages, cell-to-cell variation in DNA content, Median Fluorescence Intensity (MFI), coelomocytes frequency and proliferation, organisms were sampled after 0, 1, 2, 7, 14 and 56 days of exposure. For the assessment of radionuclides bioaccumulation, animals were sampled after 0, 14 and 56 days of exposure. As for growth, org... Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5272372 Mon, 26 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5272372 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5272376&cid=s_35531_55_f&fid=35531&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21944956%26dopt%3DAbstract The objective of this study is to determine the effect of sublethal copper on the glutathione system and carotenoids of Penaeus indicus postlarvae (PL) when subjected to short- and long-term exposure in the laboratory. The PL were exposed to 0.1641ppm (sublethal) copper for a period of 30 days with sampling intervals of 24, 48, 96h and 10, 20, 30 days. Variations in the activity of Glutathione reductase (GR), Glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and Glutathione-S-transferase (GSTase) were measured as biomarkers of toxicity. A significant (P<0.05) increase in the GR and GPx activity of the exposed PL till 20 days of exposure and thereafter a significant decrease indicates susceptibility of the PL to oxidative stress upon chronic exposure. Similarly, a significant decrease in GSTase activity duri... Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5272376 Fri, 23 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5272376 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5272375&cid=s_35531_55_f&fid=35531&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21944957%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Palanikumar L, Kumaraguru AK, Ramakritinan CM, Anand M Abstract Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are common toxic pollutants found in the aquatic environment, and the assessment of their impact on biota is of considerable concern. The aim of the present research was to study the acute toxicity, bioaccumulation and biochemical response of milkfish Chanos chanos (Forsskal) to two selected PAHs: anthracene and benzo [a] pyrene. Acute toxicity test results were evaluated by the Probit analysis method and 96h LC(50) values for C. chanos exposed to anthracene was 0.030mgl(-1) and 0.014mgl(-1) for benzo [a] pyrene. Bioaccumulation concentration of anthracene was high when compared to benzo [a] pyrene. Biomarkers indicative of neurotoxicity (acetylcholinesterase, AchE), oxi... Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5272375 Fri, 23 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5272375 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5272374&cid=s_35531_55_f&fid=35531&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21944958%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Li XY, Miao XQ, Zhang LF, Wang JJ Abstract In the present study, the immunotoxicity of 1-methyl-3-octylimidazolium bromide ([C(8)mim]Br) on brocarded carp was evaluated by an acute exposure of 100-300mgL(-1) of [C(8)mim]Br for 7 days. The results showed 300mgL(-1) of [C(8)mim]Br exposure caused activity inhibition of specific and non-specific immune systems, mainly including IgM level, lysozyme activity, and complement C3 content, while 100mgL(-1) of [C(8)mim]Br activated fish immune system during the early periods of exposure (2-5 days). This result indicates that [C(8)mim]Br has immunotoxicity on brocarded carp. Additionally, histological observation revealed that 300mgL(-1) of [C(8)mim]Br-exposure led to remarkable damages to the hepatopancreas, kidney, and spleen of br... Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5272374 Fri, 23 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5272374 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5272378&cid=s_35531_55_f&fid=35531&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21944693%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Stange D, Sieratowicz A, Horres R, Oehlmann J Abstract Molluscs are raising attention as ecotoxicological test organisms due to their high diversity and ecological importance. The ovoviviparous prosobranch gastropod Potamopyrgus antipodarum (freshwater mudsnail) responds very sensitively to xenobiotics and has therefore been proposed as OECD standard test organism. Endocrine disrupting chemicals influence the reproduction of P. antipodarum, which can be assessed by embryo numbers in the brood pouch. However, the knowledge about the endocrine system of P. antipodarum is rather limited. The aim of this study was to identify an estrogen receptor in the endocrine system of P. antipodarum and to investigate if this receptor is differentially expressed under exposure to (xeno-)h... Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5272378 Thu, 22 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5272378 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5272377&cid=s_35531_55_f&fid=35531&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21944694%26dopt%3DAbstract The objective of the current study was to investigate whether fish from an effluent-receiving waterbody exhibited differences in swimming performance and energy homeostasis compared to fish from a local reference site. Juvenile spottail shiner (Notropis hudsonius) were collected from a lake downstream of the uranium mill, and compared to fish collected from a nearby reference lake. Critical swimming speed (U(crit); fatigue velocity), tail beat frequency, and tail amplitude did not differ significantly when comparing fish collected from the exposure lake and reference lake. Captured shiner used in swim tests were considered fatigued, and metabolic endpoints were compared between this group and non-fatigued fish, which were treated similarly but not subjected to swim tests. In both non-fatig... Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5272377 Thu, 22 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5272377 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5272379&cid=s_35531_55_f&fid=35531&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21943551%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Li L, Liu X, Peijnenburg WJ, Zhao J, Chen X, Yu J, Wu H Abstract Halophyte plants offer a greater potential for phytoremediation research for reducing the levels of toxic metals from saline soils than salt sensitive plants. Using the scanning ion-selective electrode technique, we analyzed the pattern and rate of Cd(2+) fluxes at different regions of the root apex of Suaeda salsa. The Cd(2+) influx in the rhizosphere was greatest near the root tip (within 150μm of the tip). The results indicated that Cd(2+) influx into roots was significantly suppressed by the pre-treatment or in the presence of two kinds of Ca(2+) channel blockers; LaCl(3) and verapamil. The Cd(2+) influx was also reduced by N-ethylmaleimide, a thiol blocker. Cd content determination and labeling of Cd us... Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5272379 Wed, 21 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5272379 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5272383&cid=s_35531_55_f&fid=35531&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21937111%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Novelli A, Vieira BH, Vasconcelos AM, Peret AC, Espíndola EL Abstract The present study aimed to evaluate the interactions of the pesticide Vertimec(®) 18EC in aquatic ecosystems. In this respect, soil plots were contaminated with Vertimec(®) 18EC at the concentration indicated for strawberry crops (0.125L of solution m(-2)). After the contamination, torrential rainfall was simulated and the surface runoff was collected and transferred to mesocosm tanks in five treatments, run in triplicate: (1) control-C; (2) runoff from an uncontaminated plot-UR; (3) runoff from the plot contaminated with Vertimec(®) 18EC-CR; (4) direct application of Vertimec(®) 18EC in the water-V and (5) water samples gathered randomly to verify whether there was contamination between the mesocos... Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5272383 Mon, 19 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5272383 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5272382&cid=s_35531_55_f&fid=35531&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21937112%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Meier S, Alvear M, Borie F, Aguilera P, Ginocchio R, Cornejo P Abstract A hydroponic experiment was carried out to determine the root exudation patterns in two Cu-metallophytes (Oenothera picensis and Imperata condensata) and two agricultural plants (Lupinus albus and Helianthus annuus). Plants were grown in nutrient solution at increasing Cu doses (0, 0.125, 0.25, 0.5, 1 and 2mgCuL(-1)), and plant growth, root elongation, Cu accumulation and root exudates were measured. All plants showed a decrease of over 60% in root elongation at the highest Cu supply level, being O. picensis the most sensitive specie and showing the highest shoot and root Cu concentrations (116 and 2657μgCug(-1), respectively), which were six fold higher than the other species. Differences in root exu... Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5272382 Mon, 19 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5272382 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5272381&cid=s_35531_55_f&fid=35531&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21937113%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, acute exposure of S. pistillata to Aroclor 1254 at 300ng/L did not affect coral survival, photosynthesis or growth but may alter the expression of certain genes involved in various important cellular functions. The nubbin technique proved to be an efficient approach to simultaneously characterize the impact of PCBs on the corals at multiple biological levels. PMID: 21937113 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety) Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5272381 Mon, 19 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5272381 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5272380&cid=s_35531_55_f&fid=35531&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21937114%26dopt%3DAbstract This study indicates the usefulness of integrating a set of biomarkers to assess the effects of pollutants in aquatic environments under complex mix of pollutants and chronic pollution situation. PMID: 21937114 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety) Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5272380 Mon, 19 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5272380 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5238745&cid=s_35531_55_f&fid=35531&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21924494%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Oberholster PJ, Myburgh JG, Ashton PJ, Coetzee JJ, Botha AM Abstract Concentrations of total aluminium (Al) and iron (Fe) were determined in Lake Loskop over a period of four months in 2009 in samples of phytobenthos, phytoplankton, macroinvertebrates, amphibians and fish. The highest concentrations of Al and Fe were measured in the filamentous algae Spirogyra fluviatilis (Hillse) and Spirogyra adanata (Kütz), (Al=18,997.5mgkg(-1) dry weight and Fe=22,054.2mgkg(-1) dry weight) in the riverine zone of the lake with a near-neutral water average pH of 7.3. However, a negative correlation exists between the Al and Fe concentrations measured in the filamentous algae in comparison with the corresponding concentrations of these elements in the water column of the riverine zone. ... Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5238745 Wed, 14 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5238745 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5224453&cid=s_35531_55_f&fid=35531&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21917314%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Carriquiriborde P, Marino DJ, Giachero G, Castro EA, Ronco AE Abstract The metabolic profile of Odontesthes bonariensis and its global response to the insecticide cypermethrin were studied using HPLC-MS-based metabolomics. Three experiments using either juveniles or adults of O. bonariensis were performed by exposing fish (6, 24, or 96h) to sublethal concentrations of cypermethrin (5 or 10μg/L). Metabolic profiling was performed on either whole bile or aqueous and organic extracts. Chromatography was performed using a C18 column and an ACN/H(2)O mobile phase. Electrospray ionization (ESI) and atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI) interfaces were used in positive and negative modes. Full scan MS data were processed using the XCMS software, log-transformed, and an... Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5224453 Mon, 12 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5224453 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5214721&cid=s_35531_55_f&fid=35531&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21908043%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Müller YM, Kobus K, Schatz JC, Ammar D, Nazari EM Abstract Lead is an important heavy metal pollutant in the environment, and it induces neurodevelopmental toxicity, which is characterized by histological, ultrastructural, and neurochemical changes in the central nervous system. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of prenatal acute lead exposure on apoptosis, GFAP expression, and lead deposition in the developing spinal cord. Chick embryos were exposed to 150μg or 450μg doses of lead acetate via yolk sac at E3 or E5 embryonic ages and incubated for six days. Lead deposition was observed in the ependymal cells, developing dorsal, and ventral horns, and in the white matter of all the exposed embryos. TUNEL-positive cells were found in all layers of the spina... Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5214721 Fri, 09 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5214721 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5214722&cid=s_35531_55_f&fid=35531&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21907410%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Fernández MD, Pro J, Alonso C, Aragonese P, Tarazona JV Abstract Phytoremediation and bioremediation are site-specific processes, and feasibility studies should be performed as an initial step in scaling-up these processes. Soil microcosms can be a useful tool for investigating the efficiency of remediation alternatives under realistic conditions. In the present study, the degradation of diesel fuel in soil was studied in artificially assembled microcosms during a 180-day experiment. Microcosms consisted of soil columns seeded with a mix of Festuca arundinacea and Trifolium pratense into which earthworms were introduced and native soil microflora was used. Remediation assays were performed with different combinations of soil organisms' assemblages (micro-organisms, earthw... Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5214722 Thu, 08 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5214722 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5214723&cid=s_35531_55_f&fid=35531&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21903267%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Li WH, Tian YZ, Shi GL, Guo CS, Li X, Feng YC Abstract Sixteen PAHs in surface sediments at 28 sites throughout Fenhe reservoir and watershed were measured. The ∑PAHs concentrations ranged from 539.0 to 6281.7 with the mean of 2214.8ng/g. The 2-3 rings PAHs, contributing 55 percent to ∑PAHs, were the dominant species. Twenty-eight sites were grouped into three segments: Fenhe principal stream, estuaries of main branch streams, and Fenhe reservoir. ∑PAHs was highest in the estuaries of main branch streams. The ecological risk assessment was studied by biological thresholds. The results showed levels of PAHs might cause mild but not acute adverse biological effects. In addition, PAHs ratios, PCA/MLR and hierarchical clustering analysis were applied to evaluate the poss... Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5214723 Tue, 06 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5214723 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5214724&cid=s_35531_55_f&fid=35531&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21899888%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Mohan Murali Achary V, Patnaik AR, Panda BB Abstract Cellular responses to Al-stress in Hordeum vulgare seedling bioassay were evaluated with an objective to identify the possible biomarkers in leaf tissue that would be best suited to biomonitor aluminum (Al) in the environment. Germinating seeds were treated with different concentrations of AlCl(3) at pH 4.5 for 12h. Al-uptake and accumulation in root and leaf, generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS: O(2)(-), H(2)O(2) and ()OH), cell death, activity of antioxidant enzymes: catalase, superoxide dismutase, guaiacol peroxidase, ascorbate peroxidase, lipid peroxidation, protein oxidation, DNase activity and DNA damage were measured in leaf tissue of the seedlings on day 6 after treatment. The above parameters assessed in ... Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5214724 Mon, 05 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5214724 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5214725&cid=s_35531_55_f&fid=35531&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21893342%26dopt%3DAbstract This study looked at the genotoxic potential of samples from a contaminated site on the banks of the Taquari River, RS, Brazil, where potential environmental problems had been identified (pentachlorophenol, creosote and hydrosalt CCA). Samplers were installed at the site to investigate the drainage material (water and particulate soil matter) collected after significant rainfall events. Organic extracts of this drained material, sediment river samples of the Taquari River (interstitial water and sediment organic extracts) were evaluated by the Salmonella/microsome assay to detect mutagenicity and by Allium cepa bioassays (interstitial water and whole sediment samples) to detect chromosomal alterations. Positive mutagenicity results in the Salmonella/microsome assay of the material exported... Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5214725 Sat, 03 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5214725 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5214727&cid=s_35531_55_f&fid=35531&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21890202%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Freitas R, Costa E, Velez C, Santos J, Lima A, Oliveira C, Maria Rodrigues A, Quintino V, Figueira E Abstract Metals accumulated in marine sediments are often a threat to benthic communities. With the recognized importance and wide use of stress biochemical responses as indicators of metal contamination it becomes essential to compare these markers between different species and verify their ubiquity and accuracy. Using wild Diopatra neapolitana and Cerastoderma edule, collected at several areas differing in metal contamination, this study aimed to assess the use of these two macrobenthic species as sentinel organisms and to determine the applicability of currently used biomarkers in benthic species exposed to a range of low metal and As concentrations. Total metal accumula... Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5214727 Fri, 02 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5214727 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5214726&cid=s_35531_55_f&fid=35531&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21890203%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Kwasniewska J, Nałęcz-Jawecki G, Skrzypczak A, Płaza GA, Matejczyk M Abstract Two bacterial tests (the Ames test and the umu-test) and the Allium test were used to assess the genotoxicity of aqueous leachates from municipal solid waste landfill sites in Southern Poland. A comparison of the sensitivity of the applied tests was performed. None of the tested samples revealed genotoxic activity in the umu-test and thus did not appear to be sensitive enough for evaluations of leachates. Two out of 22 leachates were described as genotoxic in the Ames test and 3 out of 6 leachates in the Allium test. All of the analyzed leachates samples affected cell divisions. Two of the tests applied, the Allium and Ames test, revealed the high genotoxicity of leachate 4. Among the bioassay... Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5214726 Fri, 02 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5214726 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5214729&cid=s_35531_55_f&fid=35531&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21889211%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Billoir E, Delhaye H, Forfait C, Clément B, Triffault-Bouchet G, Charles S, Delignette-Muller ML Abstract The purpose of this study was to compare Daphnia magna responses to cadmium between two toxicity experiments performed in static and flow-through conditions. As a consequence of how water was renewed, the two experiments were characterised by two different exposure time patterns for daphnids, time-varying and constant, respectively. Basing on survival, growth and reproduction, we addressed the questions of organism development and sensitivity to cadmium. Classical analysis methods are not designed to deal with the time dimension and therefore not suitable to compare effects of different exposure time patterns. We used instead a dynamic modelling framework taking all t... Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5214729 Wed, 31 Aug 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5214729 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5214728&cid=s_35531_55_f&fid=35531&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21889212%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Leme DM, Grummt T, Heinze R, Sehr A, Skerswetat M, de Marchi MR, Machado MC, de Oliveira DP, Marin-Morales MA Abstract The designation of biodiesel as a green fuel has increased its commercialization and use, making its fate in the environment a matter of concern. Fuel spills constitute a major source of aquatic pollution and, like diesel spills, biodiesel can produce adverse effects on aquatic environments, animals and humans. The present study assessed cytotoxic effects of water systems contaminated with neat biodiesel and its diesel blends by means of different procedures on human T cell leukemia (Jurkat) and human hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) cells [detection of changes in mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨ(m)) using tetramethylrhodamine ethyl ester (TMRE), apo... Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5214728 Wed, 31 Aug 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5214728 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5214730&cid=s_35531_55_f&fid=35531&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21885125%26dopt%3DAbstract This study develops a similar approach for their acute toxicity in sediments. Acute toxicity (10 day EC(50)) values were generated using the marine amphipod Corophium volutator bioassay for twelve low molecular weight PAHs. The results ranged from 24 to >1000mg/Kg sediment dry weight for 4-methyldibenzothiophene and anthracene, respectively. Phenanthrene was used as the reference compound (TEF=1) and so the TEQ values derived are expressed as phenanthrene equivalents. In order to illustrate the applicability of this approach to the development of marine indicators we plotted TEQ values for acute toxicity to UK environmental monitoring data. Further work is required to validate the TEF values produced and to extend the TEQ approach to include a wider range of low molecular weight PAHs. ... Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5214730 Tue, 30 Aug 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5214730 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5214732&cid=s_35531_55_f&fid=35531&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21880368%26dopt%3DAbstract This study aimed to assess oxidative stress and genotoxicity biomarkers in Prussian carp Carassius gibelio laboratory-exposed to water from polluted Ukrainian rivers in order to evaluate their usefulness as endpoints in a short-term bioassay for toxicity testing of freshwaters. The micronucleus (MN) test and the frequency of cells with double nuclei (DN) in erythrocytes and gill cells were used as indicators of chromosome aberrations and abnormalities in cell divisions, respectively. Cellular antioxidant defenses i.e. antioxidant enzyme activities (catalase, Se-dependent glutathione peroxidase, total glutathione peroxidase and glutathione-S-transferase) and oxidative damage, i.e. lipid peroxidation (measured as thiobarbituric acid reactive substances) in the fish liver were used as biomark... Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5214732 Mon, 29 Aug 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5214732 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5214731&cid=s_35531_55_f&fid=35531&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21880369%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, the SELDI-TOF MS technology has shown its potential for defining compound-specific PESs in fish. Nevertheless, thorough validation of reproducibility, specificity and sensitivity of a PES is required before it can be applied in environmental monitoring. PMID: 21880369 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety) Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5214731 Mon, 29 Aug 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5214731 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5214733&cid=s_35531_55_f&fid=35531&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21872928%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Wang X, Song M, Wang Y, Gao C, Zhang Q, Chu X, Fang H, Yu Y Abstract The effect of repeated carbendazim applications on functional diversity of culturable microorganisms and bacterial community composition was studied under field conditions. The functional diversity of soil culturable microbial community (Shannon index, H') reduced significantly (P<0.05) after the first introduction of carbendazim at levels of 0.94, 1.88 and 4.70kg active ingredient (a.i.)ha(-1) and then recovered to that in the control with subsequent applications. An evident (P<0.01) difference in the bacterial community composition was observed after the second carbendazim application by Temperature Gradient Gel Electrophoresis (TGGE) analysis of 16S rRNA genes amplified from treated and control s... Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5214733 Fri, 26 Aug 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5214733 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5214735&cid=s_35531_55_f&fid=35531&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21872331%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Feng J, Zhai M, Liu Q, Sun J, Guo J Abstract Residues of HCHs and DDTs in surface water and suspended particulate matter (SPM) from upper reach of the Huaihe River, East China, were investigated. Levels of total HCHs (∑HCH) and total DDTs (∑DDT) in water detected by GC-ECD ranged from 0.85 to 12.77ngL(-1) and from 3.54 to 33.59ngL(-1), respectively. According to European and America water quality guidelines, HCHs were within safe levels while DDT would pose adverse biological effects. Distribution of OCPs in water indicated that input of tributaries was important factor for the Huaihe River. For OCPs in SPM, concentrations varied from 1.01 to 25.22ngg(-1) for ∑HCH and not detected to 4.74ngg(-1) for ∑DDT. Compared with sediment quality guidelines, HCHs and DDTs mig... Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5214735 Thu, 25 Aug 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5214735 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5214734&cid=s_35531_55_f&fid=35531&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21872332%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, we investigated the toxicity of the 6:2, 8:2, and 10:2 saturated (FTsCA) and unsaturated (FTuCA) fluorotelomer carboxylic acids to two species of freshwater algae, Chlorella vulgaris and Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata, and the amphipod, Hyalella azteca. C. vulgaris was generally the most sensitive species, with EC(50)s of 26.2, 31.8, 11.1, and 4.2mg/L for the 6:2 FTsCA, 6:2 FTuCA, 8:2 FTuCA, and 10:2 FTsCA, respectively. H. azteca was most sensitive to the 8:2 FTsCA and 10:2 FTuCA, with LC(50)s of 5.1 and 3.7mg/L. The toxicity of the FTCAs generally increased with increasing carbon chain length, and with saturation for most of the species tested, with the exception of P. subcapitata, which did not exhibit any trend. These observations agree with chain-length-toxicity relati... Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5214734 Thu, 25 Aug 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5214734 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5214737&cid=s_35531_55_f&fid=35531&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21871664%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Anselmo HM, Koerting L, Devito S, van den Berg JH, Dubbeldam M, Kwadijk C, Murk AJ Abstract A new 16-day echinoid early life stage (ELS) bioassay was developed to allow for prolonged observation of possible adverse effects during embryogenesis and larval development of the sea urchin Psammechinus miliaris. Subsequently, the newly developed bioassay was applied to study the effects of key marine persistent organic pollutants (POPs). Mortality, morphological abnormalities and larval development stages were quantified at specific time points during the 16-day experimental period. In contrast to amphibians and fish, P. miliaris early life development was not sensitive to dioxin-like toxicity in the prolonged early life stage test. Triclosan (TCS) levels higher than 500nM were ... Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5214737 Wed, 24 Aug 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5214737 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5214736&cid=s_35531_55_f&fid=35531&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21871665%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Vaj C, Barmaz S, Sørensen PB, Spurgeon D, Vighi M Abstract Mixture toxicity is a real world problem and as such requires risk assessment solutions that can be applied within different geographic regions, across different spatial scales and in situations where the quantity of data available for the assessment varies. Moreover, the need for site specific procedures for assessing ecotoxicological risk for non-target species in non-target ecosystems also has to be recognised. The work presented in the paper addresses the real world effects of pesticide mixtures on natural communities. Initially, the location of risk hotspots is theoretically estimated through exposure modelling and the use of available toxicity data to predict potential community effects. The concept of Conce... Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5214736 Wed, 24 Aug 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5214736 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5170226&cid=s_35531_55_f&fid=35531&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21868094%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Schmitt CJ, Stricker CA, Brumbaugh WG Abstract Crayfish (Orconectes spp.), Asian clam (Corbicula fluminea), northern hog sucker (hog sucker; Hypentelium nigricans), and smallmouth bass (smallmouth; Micropterus dolomieu) from streams in southeastern Missouri (USA) were analyzed for total mercury (HgT) and for stable isotopes of carbon (δ(13)C), nitrogen (δ(15)N), and sulfur (δ(34)S) to discern Hg transfer pathways. HgT concentrations were generally lowest in crayfish (0.005-0.112μg/gdw) and highest in smallmouth (0.093-4.041μg/gdw), as was δ(15)N. HgT was also lower and δ(15)N was higher in all biota from a stream draining a more heavily populated historical lead-zinc mining area than from similar sites with mostly undeveloped forested watersheds. δ(13)C in biota wa... Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5170226 Mon, 22 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5170226 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5170225&cid=s_35531_55_f&fid=35531&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21868095%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Chelinho S, Dieter Sautter K, Cachada A, Abrantes I, Brown G, Costa Duarte A, Sousa JP Abstract This work intends to implement the use of native soil nematode communities in ecotoxicological tests using a model pesticide and two geographically nematode communities (Mediterranean and sub-tropical) in order to obtain new perspectives on the evaluation of the toxic potential of chemical substances. The environmental condition of the nematode communities was described using a trait-based approach (grouping the organisms according to their feeding traits) and a traditional taxonomic method (identification to family level). Effects on total nematode abundance, number of families and abundance of nematode feeding groups as well as potential shifts in both trophic and family struc... Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5170225 Mon, 22 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5170225 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5170228&cid=s_35531_55_f&fid=35531&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21864905%26dopt%3DAbstract The objective of this study was to investigate the acute effects of the pesticide carbofuran on the sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) using parameters at different levels of biological organisation (swimming behaviour and several biomarkers) and possible relationships between alterations found in different effect criteria. In a bioassay, sea bass juveniles were individually exposed to different doses of carbofuran (31, 63, 125 and 250μg/L) for 96h. At the end of the bioassay, the swimming performance and 11 biomarkers were determined. Biomarkers were: hepatosomatic index (HSI), lipid peroxidation (LPO), reduced glutathione and the activities of the enzymes ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase (EROD), glutathione S-transferases, superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione red... Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5170228 Sun, 21 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5170228 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5170227&cid=s_35531_55_f&fid=35531&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21864906%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Ojha A, Srivastava N Abstract Organophosphate pesticides are among the most widely used synthetic chemicals for controlling domestic and agricultural pests. Present study was aimed to evaluate the potential of chlorpyrifos, parathion and malathion, to disturb glutathione homeostasis in rat tissues and to find out whether the pre-feeding of antioxidant vitamins has some ameliorating effect on the pesticide-induced alterations. The results showed that these pesticides, alone or in combination, caused decrease in the levels of GSH and the corresponding increase in the levels of GSSG, decreasing the GSH/GSSG ratio. The results also showed NADPH/NADP(+) and NADH/NAD(+) ratios were also decreased in the rat tissues on pesticide exposure. These pesticides, alone or in combination... Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5170227 Sun, 21 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5170227 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5170231&cid=s_35531_55_f&fid=35531&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21862128%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Hardy ML, Krueger HO, Blankinship AS, Thomas S, Kendall TZ, Desjardins D Abstract The potential toxicity of decabromodiphenyl ethane (DBDP-Ethane) was explored in 5 types of organisms residing in the water column and/or sediment, e.g. Oncorhynchus mykiss, Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata, Daphnia magna, Chironmus riparius, and Lumbriculus variegates. Fish, algae or Daphnia were unaffected by acute exposures to water accommodated fractions of 110mg DBDP-Ethane/L. Chronic exposure to DBDP-Ethane at the highest dose tested, 5000mg/kg dry sediment, did not affect midge mean development times, emergence or development rates or oligochaete survival, reproduction or dry weight. The chronic EC50, LOEC and NOEC were ≥5000mg/kg in the two sediment species. Applying an assessment fa... Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5170231 Fri, 19 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5170231 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5170229&cid=s_35531_55_f&fid=35531&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21862130%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Mieiro CL, Duarte AC, Pereira ME, Pacheco M Abstract The integration of bioaccumulation and effect biomarkers in fish has been proposed for risk evaluation of aquatic contaminants. However, this approach is still uncommon, namely in the context of mercury contamination. Furthermore, a multi-organ evaluation allows an overall account of the organisms' condition. Having in mind the organs' role on metal toxicokinetics and toxicodynamics, gills, liver and kidney of golden grey mullet (Liza aurata) were selected and mercury accumulation, antioxidant responses and peroxidative damage were assessed. Two critical locations in terms of mercury occurrence were selected from an impacted area of the Ria de Aveiro, Portugal (L1, L2), and compared with a reference area. Although kidney... Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5170229 Fri, 19 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5170229 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5170230&cid=s_35531_55_f&fid=35531&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21862129%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Villanueva RD, Yap HT, Montaño MN Abstract Toxic effects of the water-accommodated fraction (WAF) of a natural gas condensate on the reproduction of the brooding coral Pocillopora damicornis were studied in short-term (24h) laboratory experiments. Coral fragments were exposed to varying concentrations of condensate WAF during different reproductive phases: gametogenesis, early embryogenesis, and late embryogenesis (when nighttime planulation occurs). During gametogenesis, exposure to condensate WAF did not inhibit subsequent production of larvae. On the other hand, exposure to >25% WAF of gravid corals, at early and late embryogenesis, resulted in abortion and early release of larvae, respectively, with higher percentages of larvae expelled in fragments treated with hi... Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5170230 Thu, 18 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5170230 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5147054&cid=s_35531_55_f&fid=35531&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21855146%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Acker CI, Souza AC, Pinton S, da Rocha JT, Friggi CA, Zanella R, Nogueira CW Abstract The present study evaluated if repeated malathion administration would cause behavioral impairment in rat pups. Na(+) K(+) ATPase and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activities were investigated in brains of rat pups. Malathion was administered (100 or 200mg/kg) orally (p.o.), once a day for four consecutive days. Rat pups were submitted to behavioral tests on the 5th day, 24h after the last malathion administration. Malathion at the dose of 200mg/kg caused a significant increase in the negative geotaxis latency and a decrease in the rotarod latency of rat pups. Rat pups exposed to malathion at both doses showed a significant decrease in the forelimb support latency and an inhibition of brain... Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5147054 Wed, 17 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5147054 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5147053&cid=s_35531_55_f&fid=35531&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21855999%26dopt%3DAbstract This study brings new knowledge on the effects of controlled exposure to multiple stressors in birds. The aim was to test the hypothesis that influence of cyanobacterial biomass, lead and antigenic load may combine to enhance the effects on birds, including modulation of antioxidative and detoxification responses. Eight treatment groups of model species Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) were exposed to various combinations of these stressors. The parameters of detoxification and oxidative stress were studied in liver and heart after 30 days of exposure. The antioxidative enzymatic defense in birds seems to be activated quite efficiently, which was documented by the elevated levels and activities of antioxidative and detoxification compounds and by the low incidence of damage to l... Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5147053 Tue, 16 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5147053 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5147058&cid=s_35531_55_f&fid=35531&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21851980%26dopt%3DAbstract This study sought to validate Japan's zinc water quality standard for aquatic life (algae and benthic invertebrates) based on field survey data. The effects of zinc on aquatic life, especially algae and benthic invertebrates, were investigated mainly in water areas with upstream basins that contain mines. Seven biological indicators (number of cells or individuals, number of taxa, number of EPT taxa, number of collector-gatherer taxa of benthic invertebrates, and Simpson index, Shannon-Weiner index, and Margalef index for algae and benthic invertebrates) were analyzed with respect to zinc concentrations and the zinc toxic equivalent quantity (Zn-TEQ), and additive contribution from other metals was assumed. The results showed that the number of taxa of algae and benthic invertebrates signi... Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5147058 Mon, 15 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5147058 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5147057&cid=s_35531_55_f&fid=35531&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21851981%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Al-Subiai SN, Moody AJ, Mustafa SA, Jha AN Abstract While copper (Cu) is considered to be an essential trace element for many organisms, overexposure to this metal can induce a wide spectrum of effects including DNA damage. Given that Cu is a highly relevant contaminant in the marine environment, we aimed to evaluate the induction of DNA strand breaks (using the comet assay) in haemocytes and concurrently also determined biological responses at higher levels of biological organisation in bivalve molluscs, Mytilus edulis, following exposure for 5 days to a range of environmentally realistic levels of Cu (18-56μgl(-1)). Prior to evaluation of genetic damage, the maximum tolerated concentration (MTC) was also determined, which was found to be (56μgl(-1)) above which complet... Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5147057 Mon, 15 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5147057 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5147056&cid=s_35531_55_f&fid=35531&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21851982%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, it was determined that coumaphos led to adverse alterations in the majority of the oxidative stress markers investigated. The administration of wheat germ oil alleviated the coumpahos-induced adverse effects detected in the tissues examined. PMID: 21851982 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety) Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5147056 Mon, 15 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5147056 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5147055&cid=s_35531_55_f&fid=35531&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21851983%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Wu K, Xu X, Liu J, Guo Y, Huo X Abstract Primitive electronic-waste recycling resulted in serious pollution of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in the environment of Guiyu, China. We aimed to assess body burdens of PCBs and potential health risks for neonates. Umbilical cord blood (UCB) samples were collected from Guiyu, and the control area of Chaonan, China. PCBs in UCB were determined by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. The median ∑PCBs concentration was 338.56ngg(-1) lipid in UCB samples from Guiyu, vs. 140.16ngg(-1) lipid in samples from Chaonan. Mothers' involvement in electronic-waste recycling activities and house used as family workshop were the significant factors that contributed to ∑PCBs level. Some individual PCB congeners were found to c... Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5147055 Mon, 15 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5147055 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5134724&cid=s_35531_55_f&fid=35531&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21840599%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Rosen G, Leather J, Kan J, Arias-Thode YM Experimental materials currently being investigated for use as amendments for the in situ remediation of contaminated sediments were assessed for their potential impacts on marine benthos. Laboratory toxicity tests involving lethal and sublethal endpoints were conducted on sediments amended with apatite, organoclay, chitin, or acetate, with the polychaete Neanthes arenaceodentata, the amphipod Eohaustorius estuarius, and the larval sheepshead minnow Cyprinodon variegatus. Amendments were mixed loosely into uncontaminated or metal-contaminated sediments, and also added inside experimental geotextile mats, at sediment dry weight (dw) concentrations ranging from 0.5% to 10%. The geotextile mats, containing apatite (5 or 10% dw), and/or or... Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5134724 Thu, 11 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5134724 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5134712&cid=s_35531_55_f&fid=35531&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21840600%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Zhu B, Wu ZF, Li J, Wang GX In this work, acute toxicities of heavy metals (Cu, Zn and Cd) were evaluated singly or in mixtures on Chinese rare minnow (Gobiocypris rarus) in its early stages of development (embryos, larvae). Normal embryos not later than 3h post-fertilization and newly hatched larvae were selected for the tests. The embryos were exposed to the metal solutions studied until developing to the stages of somite formation (15h), tail detachment (25h 10min), heart-beat visible (34h 10min), pectoral fin bud appearance (47h 40min) and hatching (75h), respectively. Exposures of the larvae were continued for 24h. Results from the single toxicity tests revealed that the mortality of embryos increases obviously with increasing exposure duration. G. rarus appears to be mor... Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5134712 Thu, 11 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5134712 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5134749&cid=s_35531_55_f&fid=35531&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21840050%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, a qPCR assay (SYBR Green), targeting LT1 and ST1 genes was designed to quantify ETEC in potable waters derived from civic water supply. The assay could detect lowest 1CFU/PCR targeting LT1/ST1 gene from ten-fold diluted culture of the reference strain (E. coli MTCC 723) and is ten-fold more sensitive than the conventional PCR. The quantification of the ETEC in potable waters collected from civic supply of a major city of the northern India exhibiting high flow of tourists reveals that all the sites that ran along sewage line were contaminated by the ETEC. Contamination was due to percolation of sewage. The assay could be used for the regular monitoring of potable water in places exhibiting heavy flow of tourists to prevent ETEC induced diarrhea. PMID: 21840050 [PubMed - ... Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5134749 Wed, 10 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5134749 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5134735&cid=s_35531_55_f&fid=35531&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21840051%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Giorgetti L, Talouizte H, Merzouki M, Caltavuturo L, Geri C, Frassinetti S In order to investigate the biological hazard of effluents from textile industries of Fez-Boulmane region in Morocco, mutagenicity and phytotoxicity tests were performed on different biological systems. Moreover, the efficiency of a Sequencing Batch Reactor (SBR) system, working by activated sludge on a laboratory scale, was estimated by comparing the ecotoxicity results observed before and after wastewater treatment. Evaluation of the genotoxic potential was investigated by means of classic mutagenicity tests on D7 strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and by phytotoxicity tests on Allium sativum L., Vicia faba L. and Lactuca sativa L., estimating micronuclei presence, mitotic index and cytogenetic anomal... Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5134735 Wed, 10 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5134735 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5134762&cid=s_35531_55_f&fid=35531&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21839516%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Moogouei R, Borghei M, Arjmandi R Uptake rate of (133)Cs, at three different concentrations of CsCl, by Calendula alata, Amaranthus chlorostachys and Chenopodium album plants grown outdoors was studied. These plants grow abundantly in semi-arid regions and their varieties exist in many parts of the world. When exposed to lowest Cs concentration 68 percent Cs was remediated by Chenopodium album.(133)Cs accumulation in shoots of Amaranthus chlorostachys reached its highest value of 2146.2mgkg(-1) at a (133)Cs supply level of 3.95mgl(-1) of feed solution. The highest concentration ratio value was 4.89 for Amaranthus chlorostachys, whereas for the other tests it ranged from 0.74 to 3.33. Furthermore uptake of (133)Cs by all three species increased with increasing metal concentrati... Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5134762 Tue, 09 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5134762 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5134761&cid=s_35531_55_f&fid=35531&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21839517%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Rajkovic V, Djolai M, Matavulj M The effect of atrazine on jejunum was investigated by histopathological examination and quantification analysis related to the morphological parameters of the jejunum. The experiment was performed on male Wistar rats from postnatal day 23-51. Atrazine was administered by gavage daily to one group of rats at 50mg/kg of body weight (bw) dose, to the second at 200mg/kgbw while the third group was the control. At the end of the experiments after 28 days of treatment, tissue samples were routinely processed and stained with haematoxylin eosin. Additionally, the histochemical staining with periodic acid Schiff-alcian blue was used to demonstrate goblet cells and the immunohistochemistry protocol for serotonin-containing enteroendocrine cells. A signi... Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5134761 Tue, 09 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5134761 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5134766&cid=s_35531_55_f&fid=35531&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21835464%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Sadraddini S, Ekram Azim M, Shimoda Y, Mahmood M, Bhavsar SP, Backus SM, Arhonditsis GB We performed dynamic linear modeling analysis on fish contaminant data collected from the Ontario Ministry of the Environment and Environment Canada to examine long-term trends of total mercury (THg) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in Lake Erie. Several sport fish species (walleye, smallmouth bass, rainbow trout) with differences in their diet habits, food competition strategies and foraging patterns are characterized by weakly increasing trends of their THg levels in Lake Erie after the mid- or late 1990s. Similarly, our analysis shows that the decline rates of the PCB body burdens in white bass, smallmouth bass, freshwater drum and whitefish have slowed down or have switched to weakl... Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5134766 Mon, 08 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5134766 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5134765&cid=s_35531_55_f&fid=35531&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21835465%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Danion M, Le Floch S, Lamour F, Guyomarch J, Quentel C The effects of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) resulting from a water soluble fraction (WSF) of an Arabian crude oil were tested in vivo on the bioconcentration in muscles and on immune parameters in sea bass, Dicentrarchus labrax. After 15 days of acclimation, fish were acutely exposed (48h) to the WSF of 25g of oil, and then returned to clean sea water for a 15 day recovery period. PAH concentration in the WSF at the beginning of the exposure was estimated to 773±187ngL(-1) similar to that observed in the marine environment after an oil spill. The WSF in the experimental system was composed by lightest PAH compounds and did not remain constant during the two days of exposure. Just after exposure to the WSF, a to... Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5134765 Mon, 08 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5134765 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5134764&cid=s_35531_55_f&fid=35531&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21835466%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Charles J, Sancey B, Morin-Crini N, Badot PM, Degiorgi F, Trunfio G, Crini G Industrial wastewater containing heavy metals is generally decontaminated by physicochemical treatment consisting in insolublizing the contaminants and separating the two phases, water and sludge, by a physical process (filtration, settling or flotation). However, chemical precipitation does not usually remove the whole pollution load and the effluent discharged into the environment can be toxic even if it comes up to regulatory standards. To assess the impact of industrial effluent from 4 different surface treatment companies, we performed standardized bioassays using seeds of the lettuce Lactuca sativa. We measured the rate of germination, and the length and mass of the lettuce plantlet. The results... Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5134764 Mon, 08 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5134764 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5134763&cid=s_35531_55_f&fid=35531&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21835467%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Troudi A, Soudani N, Mahjoubi Samet A, Ben Amara I, Zeghal N 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) is largely used as a selective herbicide in Tunisia. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of 2,4-D on the kidneys of adult rats and their suckling pups. Female Wistar rats were divided into two groups: the controls and the treated rats that received 600mg/L of 2,4-D in their drinking water from the 14th day of pregnancy until day 14 after delivery. Exposure to 2,4-D induced nephrotoxicity as evidenced by an increase in thiobarbituric acid reactive substances and protein carbonyl levels and a decrease in antioxidant enzyme activities such as catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase in the kidneys of suckling pups and their mothers. In addition, a... Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5134763 Mon, 08 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5134763 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5134771&cid=s_35531_55_f&fid=35531&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21831430%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Voua Otomo P, Owojori OJ, Reinecke SA, Daniels S, Reinecke AJ In a recent study, we showed that the earthworm species Eisenia fetida, inhabiting an extremely high metal polluted compost heap on a wine farm, did not have elevated body loads of the metals but exhibited genotoxic tolerance when exposed to Cd in the laboratory (Voua Otomo and Reinecke, 2010). To unravel the mechanism behind the surprisingly low metal body burdens on one hand and genotoxic tolerance on the other hand, we investigated the estimated bioavailability of these metals (Cu, Zn, Pb and Cd) using sequential extraction methods with CaCl(2) and di-ethylene-triamine-pentaacetic acid (DTPA) and allozyme polymorphism in this field population, a laboratory control as well as a long-term Cd exposed population. The... Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5134771 Sun, 07 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5134771 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5134770&cid=s_35531_55_f&fid=35531&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21831431%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Latif Y, Sherazi ST, Bhanger MI The aim of present study was to assess pesticide residues in vegetables in the Hyderabad region of Pakistan. The concentrations of six pesticides were determined by gas chromatography coupled with mass selective detector (GC-MSD) in locally produced vegetables purchased from wholesale markets. A total of 200 samples of eight vegetables viz. cauliflower, green chilli, eggplant, tomato, peas, bitter gourd, spinach and apple gourd were analyzed for pesticide residues. The results indicated that almost all samples were contained pesticides, only 39% contained pesticide residues at or below maximum residue limits (MRLs), and 61% contained pesticide residues above MRLs. From the six analyzed pesticides, carbofuran and chlorpyrifos were found above to ... Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5134770 Sun, 07 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5134770 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5134769&cid=s_35531_55_f&fid=35531&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21831432%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Danion M, Deschamps MH, Thomas-Guyon H, Bado-Nilles A, Le Floch S, Quentel C, Sire JY In order to identify biomarkers of oil pollution in fish we tested the effects of an experimental Light Cycle Oil (LCO) exposure on vertebral bone of sea bass, Dicentrarchus labrax L. A total of 60 adult fish were acclimated for fifteen days, then twenty were collected as controls (Day 0) while 40 were exposed to a soluble fraction of LCO (1136ngL(-1) of ten Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons, PAHs) for seven days. Twenty of them were sampled at the end of the exposure period and the twenty last after a recovery period of fourteen days in clean seawater. Vertebral abnormalities were counted and bone mineralization, total bone area and bone density profiles were established for several post-cran... Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5134769 Sun, 07 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5134769 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5134768&cid=s_35531_55_f&fid=35531&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21831433%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Prado PS, Souza CC, Bazzoli N, Rizzo E The aim of this study was to assess the health indicators and reproductive endpoints in a wild population of lambari Astyanax fasciatus, a small characid fish widely distributed in South America. A range of biomarkers, from the molecular to population levels, was evaluated in adult fish sampled from five sites from the Furnas Reservoir, Grande River. At the sites that receive untreated agriculture and industrial residues, fish showed reduced body size and delayed gonadal maturation. Fish from the sites located immediately downstream from the municipal wastewater discharges exhibited feminisation, intersex and evidence of contamination by xenoestrogens. Elevated levels of zona radiata proteins were found by Western blot in the livers of ma... Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5134768 Sun, 07 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5134768 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5134767&cid=s_35531_55_f&fid=35531&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21831434%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Yuan J, Zhang X, Yu L, Sun Z, Zhu P, Wang X, Shi H Tributyltin (TBT) and triphenyltin (TPT) can induce unique malformations in embryos of amphibian (Xenopus tropicalis). We further exposed X. tropicalis embryos to TPT during different stages. Severe malformations were observed in the embryos after exposure to 5-10μgSn/L TPT during S32-40 and S40-46. Comparatively, the embryos showed slight or moderate malformations after exposure during S10-25, S25-32 or S46-47. The most characteristic malformations were narrow or no fins, followed by enlarged proctodaeums and skin hypopigmentation. The developed fins were still affected after TPT exposure, but the inhibited fins could not recover even after the removal of TPT exposure. In TPT treatment groups, the proctodaeums of embryos ext... Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5134767 Sun, 07 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5134767 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5134783&cid=s_35531_55_f&fid=35531&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21821288%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Catherine Tee PN, Janice Wong YT, Sherry JP, Bols NC Acid Blue 80 (AB80) is a dark blue colorant that like other synthetic dyes can get into the environment. Cultures of rainbow trout cell lines were dosed with AB80 either directly, which involved mixing AB80 stock solution into the medium over cells, or indirectly, which involved replacing the medium in cultures with medium that had AB80. A dose-dependent decline in cell viability was found in cultures with or without fetal bovine serum (FBS) after direct dosing. However, for FBS cultures, indirect dosing caused no loss of viability over 24h and in the long term was detrimental to RTgill-W1 but not RTL-W1 cultures. After 6 days at 50mg/L cytotoxicity was evident and by 9 days RTgill-W1 cell number had declined. Yet AB at 1mg/... Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5134783 Thu, 04 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5134783 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5134782&cid=s_35531_55_f&fid=35531&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21821289%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Chang Z, Lu M, Lee KW, Oh BS, Bae MJ, Park JS Metal ions existing in the environment could influence the estrogen pathway in aquatic animal, but the detailed mechanism is still delusive. We here showed that in male Carassius auratus hepatocytes, copper (Cu) or cadmium (Cd), did not directly induce vitellogenin (VTG) expression. Interestingly, co-exposure with Cd(2+) (or Cu(2+)) and 17-β-estradiol (E2) greatly increased the VTG level, comparing with single treatment of E2. Meanwhile, Cd(2+) or Cu(2+) (but not E2) triggers HSP70 expression. But, mixture of Cd(2+) or Cu(2+) with E2 did not obviously raise HSP70 level. E2 also had no obvious effect on reactive oxygen species. Co-treatment of Cd(2+) and E2 showed no obvious increase compared to single treatment with Cd(2+). We fur... Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5134782 Thu, 04 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5134782 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5134785&cid=s_35531_55_f&fid=35531&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21820739%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Ahlawat Sainger P, Dhankhar R, Sainger M, Kaushik A, Pratap Singh R Heavy metals concentrations of (Cr, Zn, Fe, Cu and Ni) were determined in plants and soils contaminated with electroplating industrial effluent. The ranges of total soil Cr, Zn, Fe, Cu and Ni concentrations were found to be 1443-3240, 1376-3112, 683-2228, 263-374 and 234-335mgkg(-1), respectively. Metal accumulation, along with hyperaccumulative characteristics of the screened plants was investigated. Present study highlighted that metal accumulation in different plants varied with species, tissues and metals. Only one plant (Amaranthus viridis) accumulated Fe concentrations over 1000mgkg(-1). On the basis of TF, eight plant species for Zn and Fe, three plant species for Cu and two plant species for Ni, could ... Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5134785 Wed, 03 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5134785 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5134786&cid=s_35531_55_f&fid=35531&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21816476%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study we examined effects of sewage and pulp mill effluents in the Saint John River, New Brunswick, on two stonefly genera (Plecoptera, Perlidae, Acroneuria spp. and Paragnetina spp.) and compared the responses to those of a small-bodied fish, the slimy sculpin (Cottus cognatus). Stonefly measurements included condition, developmental stage, gonad weight, and size upstream and downstream of sewage and a pulp mill discharge. Condition, developmental stage, and absolute gonad weight were greater in Paragnetina spp. downstream of the sewage discharge. Acroneuria spp. showed persistence of the late developmental stage downstream of the sewage inputs. Slimy sculpin exposed to sewage effluents also showed increased condition, but the impacts downstream of the pulp mill effluent were inco... Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5134786 Mon, 01 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5134786 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5134811&cid=s_35531_55_f&fid=35531&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21813178%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Tejada M, Gómez I, Del Toro M The sorption capacity of both an organic municipal solid waste by-product (MSW) and a cow manure (CM) in a soil polluted with chlorpyrifos, as well as its effect on soil microbial activity, and weight, reproductive parameters and glutathione-S-transferase activity of two earthworm species (Eisenia fetida and Lumbricus terrestris) were studied. Chlorpyrifos was added at the recommended application rate (5Lha(-1); 768mg chlorpyrifos kg(-1)) and treated with MSW at a rate of 10% and CM at a rate of 5.8% in order to apply the same amount of organic matter to the soil. An unamended polluted soil was used as control. Earthworm cocoon number, average weight of cocoon, and number of juveniles per cocoon were measured after 30 days of incubation, whereas ... Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5134811 Sun, 31 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5134811 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5134787&cid=s_35531_55_f&fid=35531&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21813179%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Hu T, Li HY, Zhang XZ, Luo HJ, Fu JM Two-month old seedlings of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) were subjected to four different levels of salinity for 7 days. The NaCl treatments reduced turf quality and normalized transpiration rates. Both chlorophyll (Chl) a and Chl b contents decreased in the grass exposed to 255mM relative to the control. An increase in the lipid peroxidationin was observed. The activity of leaf superoxide dismutase increased while, peroxidase and catalase activities decreased in response to NaCl treatments. The expression of Chl Cu/ZnSOD, Cyt Cu/ZnSOD, FeSOD, CAT, POD, GPX and GR was up-regulated for NaCl-treated grass. Salt stress increased accumulation of Na(+) and decreased K(+)/Na(+) ratio, Mg(2+) and P content in both shoots and roots of pere... Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5134787 Sun, 31 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5134787 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5087004&cid=s_35531_55_f&fid=35531&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21802730%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Rocha PS, Bernecker C, Strecker R, Mariani CF, Pompêo ML, Storch V, Hollert H, Braunbeck T The Tietê River and its tributary Pinheiros River receive a highly complex organic and inorganic pollutants load from sanitary sewage and industrial sources, as well as agricultural and agroindustrial activities. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the embryotoxic and teratogenic effects of sediments from selected locations in the Tietê River Basin by means of the sediment contact embryo toxicity assay with Danio rerio, in order to provide a comprehensive and realistic insight into the bioavailable hazard potential of these sediment samples. Lethal and sub-lethal effects were recorded, and high embryo toxicity could be found in the samples not only in the vicinity of the mega... Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5087004 Wed, 27 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5087004 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5087034&cid=s_35531_55_f&fid=35531&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21802142%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Andrade-Vieira LF, Davide LC, Gedraite LS, Campos JM, Azevedo H Spent Pot Liner (SPL) is a solid waste product generated in the process of aluminum production. Tradescantia micronuclei (Trad-MN) and stamen hair mutation (Trad-SHM) bioassays are very useful tests to assess genotoxicity of environmental pollutants. In the present study, we intended to investigate the genotoxicity of this waste with Tradescantia bioassays using leachates of SPL simulating the natural leachability of SPL in soil. The formation of micronuclei (MN) was found to be concentration dependent. MN frequency enhanced significantly with SPL treatment. In addition, SPL also appeared to increase the percentage of dyads and triads. Trad-SHM assay showed that SPL increases pink mutation events as SPL concentrat... Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5087034 Tue, 26 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5087034 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5087051&cid=s_35531_55_f&fid=35531&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21798597%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Sheeba , Pratap Singh V, Kumar Srivastava P, Mohan Prasad S In the present study, degree of tolerance and tolerance strategies of two paddy field cyanobacteria viz. Nostoc muscorum and Phormidium foveolarum against oxyfluorfen (10 and 20μgml(-1)) and UV-B (7.2kJm(-2)d(-1)) stress were investigated. Oxyfluorfen and UV-B decreased growth, photosynthesis, nutrient uptake, nitrate reductase, acid and alkaline phosphatase activities, which accompanied with the increase in the level of oxidative stress. However, growth was more affected in N. muscorum than P. foveolarum. Antioxidants exhibited differential responses against oxyfluorfen and UV-B stress. Ascorbate and proline levels were higher in P. foveolarum. A protein of 66kDa was expressed in N. muscorum, however, it was absent ... Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5087051 Mon, 25 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5087051 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5087044&cid=s_35531_55_f&fid=35531&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21798598%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Lagomarsino A, Mench M, Marabottini R, Pignataro A, Grego S, Renella G, Stazi SR Chemical fractionation of copper in bulk soil and its distribution in the particle-size fractions were analyzed in a Cu-contaminated soil (674±122μgCug(-1), up to 1900μgCug(-1) in the clay fraction) sampled from a wood preservation site left untreated and subsequently treated with dolomitic limestone (DL, 0.2% w/w) and compost (CM, 5% w/w), singly and in combination (DL+CM). Soil enzymatic activities of leucine aminopeptidase, cellulase, N-acetyl-β-glucosaminidase, arylsulfatase, β-glucosidase, acetate esterase, butyric esterase, and acid phosphatase were determined. Chemical speciation showed that Cu was mostly present in the acid-soluble and reducible fractions in both untreated and treated... Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5087044 Mon, 25 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5087044 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5087063&cid=s_35531_55_f&fid=35531&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21784523%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Kan J, Wang Y, Obraztsova A, Rosen G, Leather J, Scheckel KG, Nealson KH, Arias-Thode YM Sediment amendments provide promising strategies of enhancing sequestration of heavy metals and degradation of organic contaminants. The impacts of sediment amendments for metal and organic remediation including apatite, organoclay (and apatite and organoclay in geotextile mats), acetate, and chitin on environmental microbial communities in overlying water and sediment profiles are reported here. These experiments were performed concurrent with an ecotoxicity evaluation (data submitted in companion paper) and X-ray absorption spectroscopy of zinc speciation post apatite amendments. X-ray absorption spectra showed that a modest modification of zinc speciation occurred in amended treatments.... Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5087063 Thu, 21 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5087063 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5087058&cid=s_35531_55_f&fid=35531&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21784524%26dopt%3DAbstract This study examined an alternative test medium for nematodes that use gellan gum as the gelling agent instead of agar. The semi-fluid consistency of the gel-like component nematode growth gellan gum (CNGG) supports three-dimensional distribution of the nematodes and food bacteria, but still allows free movement of the former. Moreover, flexible preparation of the medium and easy recovery of the test organisms are possible. Here, the effects of the nematicides ivermectin (pharmaceutical) and aldicarb (pesticide) and of the metal cadmium on the growth and reproduction of the free-living nematodes Caenorhabditis elegans and Panagrolaimus cf. thienemanni were studied in CNGG media. Results were compared to those obtained with the standard liquid test media in order to evaluate the applicabilit... Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5087058 Thu, 21 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5087058 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5087069&cid=s_35531_55_f&fid=35531&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21783254%26dopt%3DAbstract We examined the mechanisms of toxicity of waterborne Cu to the freshwater pond snail Lymnaea stagnalis. The snail is one of the most sensitive species to acute Cu exposure (96h LC(50), LC(20): 24.9, 18.0μgl(-1)); they are not protected by the water quality criteria of the US EPA. Tissue Na and Ca were also reduced by Cu in the acute exposure. In contrast, during 28d chronic exposures to Cu in the presence of food, which resulted in higher DOC concentrations, there was no significant mortality but an inhibition of growth, which may reflect a re-allocation of resources to detoxification. Cu detoxification was evidenced in chronic exposure by increases in metallothionein-like protein concentrations and Cu binding to metal-rich granules, decreases in thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances, a... Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5087069 Wed, 20 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5087069 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5087079&cid=s_35531_55_f&fid=35531&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21782243%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, the administration of cinnamon extract might provide substantial protection against radiation-induced oxidative and inflammatory damages. PMID: 21782243 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety) Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5087079 Tue, 19 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5087079 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5087074&cid=s_35531_55_f&fid=35531&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21782244%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Uzunhisarcikli M, Kalender Y Male rats were given vitamins C+E, methyl parathion, or both daily via gavage for seven weeks. Body weight was decreased while liver weight increased significantly at the end of fourth and seventh weeks in the methyl parathion- and methyl parathion plus vitamin-treated groups. Serum total protein, albumin, triglyceride, low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (VLDL-cholesterol) levels decreased, and serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), γ-glutamyl-transferase (GGT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and total cholesterol levels increased significantly in the methyl parathion- and the methyl parathion plus vitamin-treated rats. There was a statistically significant difference for all biochemical ... Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5087074 Tue, 19 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5087074 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5087098&cid=s_35531_55_f&fid=35531&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21764133%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Zheng JL, Luo Z, Chen QL, Liu X, Liu CX, Zhao YH, Gong Y The present study was conducted to determine the metal accumulation, antioxidant enzymatic response, hepatic intermediary metabolism and histological changes in Synechogobius hasta exposed to 0.35 (control), 9.7 and 19.2mg/L Zn, respectively, on the 0, 4th, 8th and 12th day. Waterborne Zn exposure significantly reduced hepatosomatic index, hepatic lipid contents and fatty liver occurrence rate, increased Zn, Fe and Mn contents and reduced the contents of Cu and Ca in liver, and increased muscle Zn content. Waterborne Zn exposure also significantly influenced enzymatic activities involved in antioxidant responses (superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione-S-transferase, malondialdehyde) in liver and spleen, and changed ... Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5087098 Thu, 14 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5087098 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5087095&cid=s_35531_55_f&fid=35531&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21764451%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Iavicoli I, Fontana L, Marinaccio A, Alimonti A, Pino A, Bergamaschi A, Calabrese EJ Despite the widespread use of iridium (Ir) in catalytic converters for improved capacity for reducing carbon monoxide (CO), hydrocarbon (HC) and nitrogen oxide (NO(x)) emissions, there is a lack of studies that have assessed possible toxicological hazards of exposure to Ir. The present investigation indicates that female Wistar rats exposed to Ir in the drinking water for 90 days displayed renal toxicity based on the elevated urinary retinol binding protein (RBP) and albumin. The RBP was more sensitive to albumin, showing significant increases at 0.01mg/L. PMID: 21764451 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety) Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5087095 Wed, 13 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5087095 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5087092&cid=s_35531_55_f&fid=35531&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21764452%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Alloy MM, Roberts AP Relatively little is known about the potential impacts of engineered nanoparticles on aquatic biota. Particularly relevant to aquatic ecosystems are those particles, which display increased solubility either through specialized coatings or through an ability to interact with water column constituents such as natural organic matter (NOM). Previous research has indicated that grazing zooplankton (Daphnia magna) are able to ingest lipid-coated single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) from the water column during their normal feeding behavior (Roberts et al., 2007). Acute mortality was observed only at high concentrations (>5mg/L). In this research NOM was used in place of a surfactant to stabilize suspensions. Water chemistry (ionic strength, hardness, and p... Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5087092 Wed, 13 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5087092 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5087090&cid=s_35531_55_f&fid=35531&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21764453%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Dávila Costa JS, Albarracín VH, Abate CM Copper is a redox-active metal, which acts as a catalyst in the formation of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) encouraging oxidative stress. Protection against oxidants is intrinsic to every living cell; however, in stress conditions, cells are forced to increase and expand their antioxidative network. In this work, the novel copper-resistant strain Amycolatopsis tucumanensis and the copper-sensitive Amycolatopsis eurytherma were grown under copper increasing concentrations in order to elucidate the dissimilar effects of the metal on the strains viability, mainly on morphology and antioxidant capacity. Although biosorbed copper encouraged ROS production in a dose-dependent manner in both strains, the increase in ROS production from the ba... Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5087090 Wed, 13 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5087090 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5087088&cid=s_35531_55_f&fid=35531&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21764454%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Faupel M, Ristau K, Traunspurger W With respect to the ecological relevance of endpoints, biomass as an endpoint might be promising regarding ecotoxicological assessments of benthic communities. In a freshwater microcosm study the effect of two cadmium (Cd) concentrations (50 and 400mgCdkg(-1) dw) on biomass and abundance of a benthic community were investigated over a period of seven months. Specifically, the sensitivity of both endpoints in distinguishing differential effects was compared. While bacteria were found to be unaffected by Cd, abundance and biomass of protozoans and metazoans decreased. In a short-term comparison, differences between control and Cd treatments were, overall, more pronounced for flagellate biomass and for metazoan abundance with strong differences ... Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5087088 Wed, 13 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5087088 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5087085&cid=s_35531_55_f&fid=35531&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21764455%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Bado-Nilles A, Quentel C, Mazurais D, Zambonino-Infante JL, Auffret M, Thomas-Guyon H, Le Floch S Hydrocarbons are major contaminants that may affect biota at various trophic levels in estuaries and coastal ecosystems. The effects of accidental pollution by light cycle oil (LCO), a refined product of heavy fuel oil, on bioaccumulation, depuration processes and immune-related parameters in the European sea bass, Dicentrarchus labrax, were investigated in the laboratory after 7 days of exposure and a 2-week recovery period. Exposure of fish to the soluble fraction of LCO (1600ngL(-1)) for 7 days led to the bioaccumulation of some polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in muscles: naphthalene, acenaphthene, fluorene, phenanthrene and anthracene. After 7 days of recovery period, ... Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5087085 Wed, 13 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5087085 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5087103&cid=s_35531_55_f&fid=35531&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21762986%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Mateos-Naranjo E, Andrades-Moreno L, Redondo-Gómez S Spartina densiflora has demonstrated a high tolerance to heavy metal contamination and a high capacity for accumulating metal in its tissues. In the Gulf of Cadiz this species has colonized habitats with different degrees of metal pollution. The aim of this study is to analyse the responses of populations of Spartina densiflora to this pollution. Germination, growth, photosynthesis and metal uptake of two populations of Spartina densiflora collected from contaminated sites (Odiel and Tinto marshes) and of one population from a clean site (Piedras marshes) were examined through two reciprocal experiments, in which seeds and adult plants were exposed to metal-contaminated and uncontaminated soil under greenhouse conditions. T... Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5087103 Tue, 12 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5087103 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5087101&cid=s_35531_55_f&fid=35531&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21762987%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Sørmo EG, Lie E, Ruus A, Gaustad H, Skaare JU, Jenssen BM Liver concentrations of eight polybrominated diphenyl ethers (ΣPBDEs: sum of brominated diphenyl ethers [BDE]-28, -47, -99, -100, -153, -154, -183, and -209) ranged from 135 to 985ngg(-1) lipid weight (lw) in coastal herring gulls (Larus argentatus) from the marine Hvaler Archipelago (The Glomma River Estuary), Norway. Hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD) concentrations ranged from 10 to 698ngg(-1)lw. High range in δ(13)C indicates that gulls were subject to a diversity of carbon sources, likely reflecting their mixed feeding on terrestrial and marine organisms, or diversity of autochthonous and allochthonous (watershed) energy sources at the bases of their marine/estuarial food chains. Inverse relationships of HBCD, and to... Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5087101 Tue, 12 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5087101 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5037449&cid=s_35531_55_f&fid=35531&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21757232%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Phibbs J, Franz E, Hauck D, Gallego M, Tse JJ, Pickering IJ, Liber K, Janz DM This research evaluated the dominant exposure pathways with regard to the bioaccumulation and trophic transfer of selenium (Se) in caged small-bodied fish inhabiting the receiving waters of a uranium-processing mill in northern Saskatchewan, Canada. A 21-day cage study was conducted using wild naïve lake chub (Couesius plumbeus) collected from a reference lake and caged in a reference and an exposure lake downstream of the mill discharge. Caged fish were fed commercially produced Chironomus spp. diets of 1.5 (basal - commercial food) and 5.5 (lab reared in Se-spiked water) μgSe/g (dry weight) at a feeding ration of 10 percent percent body weight/day. Lake chub fed the Se-spiked diet and caged in th... Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5037449 Mon, 11 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5037449 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5037450&cid=s_35531_55_f&fid=35531&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21741708%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Dafré-Martinelli M, Nakazato RK, Dias AP, Rinaldi MC, Domingos M The occurrence of visible leaf injury caused by ozone in Ipomoea nil 'Scarlet O'Hara' may be regulated by their redox state, affecting its bioindicator efficiency. Thus, this study aimed to determine whether the redox state of I. nil plants in a subtropical area (São Paulo, SE-Brazil) contaminated by ozone oscillates, and to identify the environmental factors behind these variations. We comparatively evaluated indicators of redox state (ascorbic acid, glutathione, superoxide dismutase, ascorbate peroxidase, glutathione reductase) and leaf injury during nine field experiments of 28 days each. The variations in the redox indicators were explained by the combined effects of chronic levels of ozone and meteorologic... Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5037450 Wed, 06 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5037450 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5037451&cid=s_35531_55_f&fid=35531&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21741087%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Al Kaddissi S, Legeay A, Gonzalez P, Floriani M, Camilleri V, Gilbin R, Simon O This work aims to investigate the accumulation levels and effects (transcriptional responses, histopathology and survival rate) associated with a wide range of dissolved uranium (U) concentrations (0, 0.03, 0.6, 4 and 8mg/L of U) on adult male crayfish Procambarus clarkii during 4 (T4) and 10 (T10) days of exposure. The follow-up of the crayfish mortality showed that P. clarkii was highly resistant to U. Increasing waterborne U concentrations led to increasing bioaccumulation in key crayfish organs and increasing histological damages. U distribution in tissues was also evaluated using transmission electron microscopy and showed the presence of a detoxified form of U in the gill's epithelium in the ... Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5037451 Tue, 05 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5037451 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5037452&cid=s_35531_55_f&fid=35531&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21726901%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Jihen EH, Sonia S, Fatima H, Mohamed Tahar S, Abdelhamid K Zinc (Zn) reduces cadmium (Cd)-induced toxicity in the liver although it increases Cd tissue burden in some conditions; hence, the present study is designed to study the relationships between Cd, Zn and antioxidants in the liver of rats exposed to Cd. Livers of male rats which received orally relatively high doses of Cd (200mg Cd/L as Cd chloride or Cd (200mg/L)+Zn (500mg Zn as Zn chloride) during five weeks, were investigated. Cd induced an accumulation of Cd and Zn in parallel to depletion in important variables (GSH, GSH/GSSG, CuZn-SOD and GPx activities) and to elevation in others (Cd/Zn and GSSG). Cd, did not affect CuZn SOD/GPx, nor Mn-SOD in the liver. Cd accumulation, Cd/Zn, CuZn SOD activity and CuZn SOD/GPx, ... Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5037452 Fri, 01 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5037452