MedWorm.com provides a medical RSS filtering service. Over 6000 RSS medical sources are combined and output via different filters. This feed contains the latest items from the 'Endocrine Pathology' source. Thu, 09 Feb 2012 00:42:11 +0100 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5599903&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fklx8460262254m9r%2F Abstract  Ultrasound (US)-guided percutaneous laser ablation (LA) of benign thyroid nodules may be a potential alternative to surgery in patients with compressive symptoms, at high surgical risk, or in patients who refuse to undergo surgery. We evaluated the morphological effects of LA procedure on 22 patients and compared the cytological findings before and after LA with the histological features on surgical specimens. Twenty-two (4.9%; 19 women, three men, mean age 53.2 years) out of 452 patients treated with LA for benign thyroid nodules in our Hospital underwent surgery after LA procedure, either because nodule regrowth (treatment failure, n = 17) or indeterminate cytology (Thy3) after LA (n = 5). Morphological findings varied according to the time between L... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5599903 Fri, 13 Jan 2012 16:56:11 +0100 5599903 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5599904&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fj8l8l76057472744%2F Content Type Journal ArticlePages 1-3DOI 10.1007/s12022-011-9190-7Authors Anne-Paule Gimenez-Roqueplo, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou Service de Génétique, F-75015 Paris, FranceArthur S. Tischler, Department of Pathology, Tufts Medical Center, 800 Washington Street, Boston, MA 02111, USA Journal Endocrine PathologyOnline ISSN 1559-0097Print ISSN 1046-3976 (Source: Endocrine Pathology) Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5599904 Fri, 13 Jan 2012 16:56:10 +0100 5599904 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5573443&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F05r4414483824184%2F Content Type Journal ArticlePages 1-3DOI 10.1007/s12022-011-9191-6Authors Massimo Bongiovanni, Institute of Pathology, Locarno, SwitzerlandLuca Mazzucchelli, Institute of Pathology, Locarno, SwitzerlandVittoria Martin, Institute of Pathology, Locarno, SwitzerlandStefano Crippa, Institute of Pathology, Locarno, SwitzerlandMartin Bolli, Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Bellinzona, SwitzerlandSergio Suriano, Department of Nuclear Medicine and Thyroid Centre, Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland, Bellinzona, SwitzerlandLuca Giovanella, Department of Nuclear Medicine and Thyroid Centre, Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland, Bellinzona, Switzerland Journal Endocrine PathologyOnline ISSN 1559-0097Print ISSN 1046-3976 (Source: Endocrine... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5573443 Tue, 03 Jan 2012 06:44:38 +0100 5573443 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5527641&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F738l0027781n0237%2F Abstract  Pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas are highly vascularized tumors which are candidates for anti-angiogenic therapies. Several studies have reported the association of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) overexpression with malignancy, but none took into account the genetic status of the patients or tumors, which may have a major influence on such observations. Transcriptome studies indeed revealed that pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas can be classified into two major clusters depending on their gene expression profile: Cluster 1 comprises samples associated with a hypoxic signature such as SDHx- and VHL-related tumors and cluster 2 includes RET, NF1, and TMEM127-mutated tumors, as well as most of sporadic tumors. The aim of this study was to provide a co... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5527641 Mon, 19 Dec 2011 16:53:27 +0100 5527641 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5527642&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Ft2k4t62772273457%2F Abstract  The laboratory workup of patients with pheochromocytoma and extra-adrenal paraganglioma (PPGLs) has traditionally focused on biochemical measurements of tumor secretory products or their metabolites, with ultimate diagnosis resting on routine histopathology and immunohistochemistry. While such testing remains important, the needs to distinguish potentially metastatic from benign tumors and to identify tumors with a hereditary basis have stimulated searches for additional means to stratify patients according to risk of metastasis or presence of a particular mutation. Biomarkers based on traditional biochemical tests, such as profiles of catecholamine metabolites and granin-derived peptides, provide utility for both purposes, while novel biomarkers are being identif... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5527642 Sat, 17 Dec 2011 06:45:22 +0100 5527642 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5496824&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F5844671041j55g46%2F Content Type Journal ArticleCategory AbstractsPages 1-24DOI 10.1007/s12022-011-9187-2 Journal Endocrine PathologyOnline ISSN 1559-0097Print ISSN 1046-3976 (Source: Endocrine Pathology) Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5496824 Fri, 09 Dec 2011 17:08:34 +0100 5496824 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5443561&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Ft81ku3274w080028%2F This study tests the prevalence of BRAF V600E mutation in thyroid cancer patients in Indian subcontinental population. We analyzed 140 thyroid tumor specimens for BRAF gene mutation at codon 600 using mutant-allele-specific amplification, single-strand conformation polymorphism, Mutector assay, and DNA sequencing of the PCR-amplified exon 15. BRAF mutation at codon 600 was detected in 46 of 86 PTC patients (53.4%) from Indian subcontinental cohort. Frequency of mutation varied across the subtypes of PTCs. BRAF V600E mutation was more common in the conventional PTC (38 out of 62; 61%) than in the follicular variant of PTC (2 out of 17; 11.7%). None of the 8 follicular thyroid adenomas, 14 follicular thyroid carcinomas, 16 medullary thyroid carcinomas, and 16 benign hyperplasia patien... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5443561 Mon, 21 Nov 2011 18:09:05 +0100 5443561 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5433476&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F42287551l6k13332%2F Content Type Journal ArticlePages 1-2DOI 10.1007/s12022-011-9186-3 Journal Endocrine PathologyOnline ISSN 1559-0097Print ISSN 1046-3976 (Source: Endocrine Pathology) Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5433476 Fri, 18 Nov 2011 07:00:57 +0100 5433476 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5424293&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fl0k3r6114h755754%2F Content Type Journal ArticlePages 1-1DOI 10.1007/s12022-011-9185-4Authors Arthur S. Tischler, Department of Pathology, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, USAStephen P. Naber, Director of Anatomic Pathology, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, USARonald A. DeLellis, Department of Pathology, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, USA Journal Endocrine PathologyOnline ISSN 1559-0097Print ISSN 1046-3976 (Source: Endocrine Pathology) Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5424293 Wed, 16 Nov 2011 16:47:28 +0100 5424293 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5411592&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fp64332036t020314%2F This article will review the controversial area of follicular-patterned thyroid tumors. The literature is discussed with emphasis on pathologic diagnosis and the criteria for malignancy. In addition, the current state of knowledge regarding molecular markers and their utility in diagnosing benign from malignant nodules is described. Finally, the apparent lack of consistency with regard to results of certain immunohistochemical markers is included. Content Type Journal ArticlePages 1-6DOI 10.1007/s12022-011-9183-6Authors Virginia A. LiVolsi, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Division of Anatomic Pathology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USAZubair W. Baloch, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Division of Anatomic Pathology, University of ... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5411592 Wed, 09 Nov 2011 17:58:27 +0100 5411592 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5325927&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F4374644211665376%2F Abstract  Thyroid fine needle aspiration (FNA) is a safe, cost effective, and relatively accurate method for guiding the initial management of a thyroid nodule. The popularity of thyroid FNA is reflected in the fact that over 350,000 thyroid FNAs are performed each year in the USA. As we move into the next decade, several issues pertaining to thyroid FNA are being addressed including: how to better apply thyroid FNA as a differential test for follicular-patterned thyroid tumors, how to manage the atypical thyroid FNA, and how to use thyroid FNA in the evaluation of poorly differentiated thyroid carcinomas. Content Type Journal ArticlePages 1-6DOI 10.1007/s12022-011-9182-7Authors William C. Faquin, Department of Pathology, WRN 219, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fru... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5325927 Thu, 13 Oct 2011 15:49:14 +0100 5325927 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5298490&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fln58265843556355%2F Abstract  The article reviews the controversial area of poorly differentiated thyroid carcinoma. Consensus criteria that define poorly differentiated thyroid carcinoma have been published in 2007. According to these, poorly differentiated thyroid carcinoma is a distinct histotype and the term “poorly differentiated” should not be used as a synonym for high-grade thyroid cancer. Data in the literature show that tumor necrosis and high mitotic activity, but not growth pattern or histologic subtype, are prognostic markers for thyroid tumors. This underscores the importance of grading to identify thyroid carcinomas that behave aggressively. The issue of grading versus typing thyroid tumors is discussed. Content Type Journal ArticlePages 1-5DOI 10.1007/s12022-011-9176-5A... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5298490 Tue, 04 Oct 2011 05:50:19 +0100 5298490 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5276587&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fb27878363rrl8857%2F This study investigated whether detection of BRAF V600E mutation can be performed on routinely stained FNABs. We also examined if establishment of the BRAF V600E mutation could help in identification of patients at higher risk for metastatic disease. DNA was isolated from 134 FNABs samples (20 follicular neoplasm, ten suspicious for malignancy, and 104 malignant) using Pinpoint Slide DNA Isolation System. BRAF V600E mutation was detected by PCR followed by sequencing. DNA was successfully extracted from all examined FNABs samples. In follicular neoplasm, suspicious for malignancy and malignant FNABs, BRAF V600E mutation was found in 0/20 (0%), 2/10 (20%), and 47/104 (45.2%) of cases, respectively. Extra-thyroidal extension was detected in 35/47 (74.4%) BRAF V600E p... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5276587 Tue, 27 Sep 2011 05:54:01 +0100 5276587 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5252466&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F2745101065612203%2F Content Type Journal ArticlePages 1-3DOI 10.1007/s12022-011-9181-8Authors Simonetta Piana, Department of Pathology, IRCCS-Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova, Viale Risorgimento 80, 42100 Reggio Emilia, ItalyRiccardo Valli, Department of Pathology, IRCCS-Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova, Viale Risorgimento 80, 42100 Reggio Emilia, ItalyAnna Maria Foscolo, Department of Pathology, Ospedale Castelli Verbania, Verbania, Italy Journal Endocrine PathologyOnline ISSN 1559-0097Print ISSN 1046-3976 (Source: Endocrine Pathology) Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5252466 Wed, 21 Sep 2011 05:54:47 +0100 5252466 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5228695&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fwr565r8k22318w58%2F Content Type Journal ArticlePages 1-3DOI 10.1007/s12022-011-9178-3Authors Ozgur Mete, Department of Pathology, University Health Network, 200 Elizabeth Street, 11th floor, Toronto, ON, Canada M5G 2C4Sylvia L. Asa, Department of Pathology, University Health Network, 200 Elizabeth Street, 11th floor, Toronto, ON, Canada M5G 2C4 Journal Endocrine PathologyOnline ISSN 1559-0097Print ISSN 1046-3976 (Source: Endocrine Pathology) Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5228695 Mon, 12 Sep 2011 15:53:51 +0100 5228695 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5228696&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fm1t22tm63n316208%2F Abstract  Glomus tumors of the sellar region are exceedingly rare with only two reported cases in the literature. A case of a sellar glomangioma in a 72-year-old man is described. The tumor had the radiographic and gross appearance of a pituitary adenoma. Microscopically, the tumor was composed of epithelioid cells surrounding prominent small vascular channels. The tumor cells had indistinct cell borders and monotonous nuclei. Histological and immunohistochemical analysis identified the sellar tumor as a glomangioma. Here, we report the clinicopathological features of a third case of a sellar glomus tumor and review the literature. Content Type Journal ArticlePages 1-4DOI 10.1007/s12022-011-9179-2Authors Julius O. Ebinu, Department of Surgery, Division of Neurosurgery... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5228696 Mon, 12 Sep 2011 15:53:50 +0100 5228696 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5212529&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F276t766t0835h12q%2F Abstract  The serine/threonine protein kinase Akt is a key molecule in the phosphatidyl inositol 3-kinase pathway that is often overactivated in human cancers. Three Akt isoforms (Akt1, Akt2, Akt3) have been identified in human cells and they show different distribution and have non-redundant functions. The aim of this study was to determine whether the expression, phosphorylation, and localization of Akt1 isoform in human thyroid malignant lesions are different from those in benign lesions. Nuclear and cytoplasmic fractions were isolated from tissue samples and Western blot method was used to detect Akt1 presence in both cellular fractions. Akt1 expression was also assessed by ELISA method. To estimate Akt1 phosphorylation, kinase was immunoprecipitated from cell lysates a... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5212529 Tue, 06 Sep 2011 15:51:13 +0100 5212529 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5165006&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F7vt68772746l92m2%2F We report here three cases of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) with hyaline globules as seen in adenoid cystic carcinoma of the salivary glands. This unique growth pattern was seen in two cases of columnar cell and one case of cribriform morular variant of PTC. Fine-needle aspiration was performed in two cases. By immunohistochemistry, all cases demonstrated expression of TTF-1 and thyroglobulin confirming follicular cell derivation. It is important to be aware of this unusual growth pattern in thyroid carcinomas; immunohistochemistry is warranted for rendering accurate cytopathologic and histopathologic diagnosis. Content Type Journal ArticlePages 1-6DOI 10.1007/s12022-011-9174-7Authors Zubair W. Baloch, Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5165006 Tue, 23 Aug 2011 15:54:30 +0100 5165006 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5149077&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fp71n93621r7nnk30%2F We report three cases and identify that these lesions can resemble a radial scar. While a single case has been reported to contain true ovarian stromal elements, there was no evidence of steroidogenic differentiation in our cases. These findings justify the need for a better terminology since the entity falls within the spectrum of fibroblastic–myofibroblastic proliferations. We propose the terminology of “radial scar-like spindle cell myofibroblastic nodule of the adrenal gland” as a more accurate nomenclature to designate these lesions. Although rare, calcifying fibrous tumor of the adrenal gland, hypertrophic nerve bundles, and peripheral nerve sheath tumors may mimic these lesions. Content Type Journal ArticlePages 1-4DOI 10.1007/s12022-011-9175-6Authors Ozgur Mete, D... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5149077 Fri, 19 Aug 2011 15:52:49 +0100 5149077 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5149078&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F7120832539t6754r%2F In conclusion, gonadotroph adenomas, especially silent gonadotroph adenomas, are extremely rare in childhood and adolescence. Content Type Journal ArticlePages 1-6DOI 10.1007/s12022-011-9173-8Authors Hiroyuki Tamiya, Department of Endocrinology, Toranomon Hospital, Toranomon 2-2-2, Minato, Tokyo 105-8470, JapanNoriaki Fukuhara, Department of Hypothalamic and Pituitary Surgery, Toranomon Hospital, Toranomon 2-2-2, Minato, Tokyo 105-8470, JapanNaohiro Yoshida, Department of Endocrinology, Toranomon Hospital, Toranomon 2-2-2, Minato, Tokyo 105-8470, JapanHisanori Suzuki, Department of Endocrinology, Toranomon Hospital, Toranomon 2-2-2, Minato, Tokyo 105-8470, JapanAkira Takeshita, Department of Endocrinology, Toranomon Hospital, Toranomon 2-2-2, Minato, Tokyo 105-8470, JapanNaoko Inos... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5149078 Fri, 19 Aug 2011 06:39:37 +0100 5149078 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5104267&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F0n7884710856u947%2F We describe two patients who underwent surgery for rapidly growing thyroid nodes of uncertain nature on cytology. At the final histological examination, they proved to be fibrous tumors of the thyroid gland that were CD-34, BCL2, CD-99, and Ki-67 positive, like other known cases. Neither of these two cases have recurred so far. Content Type Journal ArticlePages 1-5DOI 10.1007/s12022-011-9172-9Authors Daunia Verdi, Surgical Pathology Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Padua, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128 Padova, ItalyGianmaria Pennelli, Pathology Unit, Department of Diagnostic Medical Sciences and Special Therapies, University of Padua, Padua, ItalyMaria Rosa Pelizzo, Surgical Pathology Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Padua,... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5104267 Fri, 05 Aug 2011 06:01:35 +0100 5104267 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5012713&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fg410432767j66u88%2F Abstract  Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine malignancy, and its incidence is rising in the USA and other countries. Papillary and follicular thyroid carcinomas are the two most common types of thyroid cancer. Non-overlapping genetic alterations, including BRAF and RAS point mutations, and RET/PTC and PAX8/PPARγ rearrangements, are found in more than 70% of papillary and follicular thyroid carcinomas. These represent the most common genetic alterations in thyroid cancer, as well as molecular markers of diagnostic and prognostic significance. The use of these and other emerging molecular markers will likely improve the diagnosis of malignancy in thyroid nodules as well as facilitate more individualized operative and postoperative management. Herein, we provide a bri... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5012713 Fri, 08 Jul 2011 06:29:58 +0100 5012713 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5001878&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fy557202270300l74%2F Comments on "Well-Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma with Concomitant Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis Present with Less Aggressive Clinical Stage and Low Recurrence" Content Type Journal ArticlePages 1-2DOI 10.1007/s12022-011-9171-xAuthors Lucas Leite Cunha, Laboratory of Cancer Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (Unicamp), 126 Tessalia Vieira de Camargo Street, Campinas, SP, Brazil PO Box 6111Laura Sterian Ward, Laboratory of Cancer Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (Unicamp), 126 Tessalia Vieira de Camargo Street, Campinas, SP, Brazil PO Box 6111 Journal Endocrine PathologyOnline ISSN 1559-0097Print ISSN 1046-3976 (Source: Endocrine Pathology) Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5001878 Mon, 04 Jul 2011 16:20:39 +0100 5001878 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4988052&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F9141678gu521w144%2F Content Type Journal ArticlePages 1-2DOI 10.1007/s12022-011-9169-4Authors Zubair W. Baloch, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Medical Center, 3400 Spruce Street, 6 Founders Pavilion, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USAKathleen Montone, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Medical Center, 3400 Spruce Street, 6 Founders Pavilion, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USAVirginia A. LiVolsi, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Medical Center, 3400 Spruce Street, 6 Founders Pavilion, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA Journal Endocrine PathologyOnline ISSN 1559-0097Print ISSN 1046-3976 (Source: Endocrine Pathology) Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4988052 Tue, 28 Jun 2011 05:57:18 +0100 4988052 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4963478&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F1155656576145560%2F Content Type Journal ArticlePages 1-1DOI 10.1007/s12022-011-9168-5Authors Zubair W. Baloch, UPENN Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USAAnne Marie McNicol, UPENN Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USAVirginia A. LiVolsi, UPENN Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA Journal Endocrine PathologyOnline ISSN 1559-0097Print ISSN 1046-3976 (Source: Endocrine Pathology) Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4963478 Wed, 22 Jun 2011 16:03:22 +0100 4963478 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4948006&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Ft51vr1544576k040%2F Abstract  Malignancies lacking specific features of cellular maturation are termed “undifferentiated” and represent 5–10% of all human tumors. They are encountered at a variety of sites but do not, as a rule, arise in the sellar region. A 39-year-old male with a history of testicular seminoma and an unsuccessful biopsy of a third ventricular neoplasm, presented with visual disturbances and memory loss. Light microscopically, the tumor consisted entirely of undifferentiated spindle cells. No germ cell component was noted. An exhaustive immunohistochemical study found immunoreactivity for vimentin and desmin, but for no other myoid markers. Polymerase chain reaction showed no X;18 translocation. Based upon these studies, a diagnosis of “undifferentiated sarcoma” was... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4948006 Fri, 17 Jun 2011 12:02:21 +0100 4948006 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4916093&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fe344v44x77724117%2F Abstract  MicroRNAs (miRNAs) represent a novel class of small RNA molecules that play a crucial role as post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression. As evidence for the involvement of miRNAs in various cellular processes increases, it is important to examine how miRNAs regulate gene expression. In the pituitary, aberrant miRNA expression is strongly linked with neoplasia, thus suggesting they play a role in the control of cell proliferation in adenomas. Research has built fundamental connections between aberrant miRNA expression and clinicopathological features of pituitary adenomas. Moreover, deregulated expression of miRNA target genes is often implicated in important biological pathways and thus provides significant insight into the role of miRNAs in tumorigenesis... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4916093 Tue, 07 Jun 2011 05:47:18 +0100 4916093 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4916092&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fe2k36t5241361074%2F In conclusions, both PTC and FTC with HT have less aggressive clinical presentation and better prognosis. Content Type Journal ArticlePages 1-6DOI 10.1007/s12022-011-9164-9Authors Bie-Yu Huang, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Keelung and Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospitals, Chang Gung University, 5, Fu-Shin St. Kweishan county, Taoyuan Hsien, Taiwan, Republic of ChinaChuen Hseuh, Department of Pathology, Chang Gung University, Taiyuan, Taiwan, Republic of ChinaTzu-Chieh Chao, Department of General Surgery, Chang Gung University, Taiyuan, Taiwan, Republic of ChinaKun-Ju Lin, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, Taiwan, Republic of ChinaJen-Der Lin, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Dep... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4916092 Tue, 07 Jun 2011 05:47:18 +0100 4916092 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4916094&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fd091546n1343q33w%2F Content Type Journal ArticlePages 1-4DOI 10.1007/s12022-011-9165-8Authors Darren K. Patten, Department of Biosurgery and Surgical Oncology, St Mary’s Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare Trust, London, UKMaisam Fazel, Department of Endocrine Surgery, Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare Trust, London, UKRoberto Dina, Department of Histopathology, Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare Trust, London, UKNeil Tolley, Department of Endocrine Surgery, Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare Trust, London, UK Journal Endocrine PathologyOnline ISSN 1559-0097Print ISSN 1046-3976 (Source: Endocrine Pathology) Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4916094 Sat, 04 Jun 2011 05:51:55 +0100 4916094 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4856946&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fag14242231371265%2F Content Type Journal ArticlePages 1-1DOI 10.1007/s12022-011-9163-x Journal Endocrine PathologyOnline ISSN 1559-0097Print ISSN 1046-3976 (Source: Endocrine Pathology) Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4856946 Fri, 20 May 2011 16:14:19 +0100 4856946 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4834836&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F741771rxw5640122%2F Abstract  Neuroendocrine secretory protein-55 (NESP-55) is a recently described member of the chromogranin family and appears to be a marker of the constitutive secretory pathway in certain neural, neuroendocrine, and endocrine cell types. It has been shown to be selectively expressed in tumors differentiating towards the adrenal chromaffin and pancreatic islet cell phenotypes. The highest levels of NESP-55 expression, at least in animals, appear to be in the adrenal medulla and the pituitary gland. However, very little is known about the status of NESP-55 expression in pituitary adenomas. We therefore studied the immunohistochemical profile of NESP-55 expression in a series of 30 well-characterized pituitary adenomas (five each of FSH/LH and ACTH, four GH, three TSH, seven... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4834836 Mon, 16 May 2011 08:42:31 +0100 4834836 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4816059&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fe01k61547257w24k%2F Abstract  Argyrophilic nucleolar organizing region associated proteins (AgNORs) have been shown to be of interest in a variety of different diseases including thyroid disorders. Our aim was to distinguish benign thyroid lesions from papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) via AgNOR count and with a new approach, via AgNOR surface area/total nuclear surface area (NORa/TNa) proportions in the nuclei on fine-needle aspiration (FNA) materials. Thirty patients (eight men and 22 women) whose FNA was compatible with benign lesion and 26 patients (eight men and 18 women) whose FNA was compatible with PTC were included in the study. Fine-needle aspiration materials were stained for AgNOR detection according to a specific protocol. One hundred nuclei per individual have been evaluated, and... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4816059 Tue, 10 May 2011 06:01:59 +0100 4816059 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4816061&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fw1m34h1213163766%2F Content Type Journal ArticlePages 1-4DOI 10.1007/s12022-011-9158-7Authors Manal Atwan, Department of Pathology, Western Infirmary, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, UKRunjan Chetty, Department of Pathology, Western Infirmary, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, UK Journal Endocrine PathologyOnline ISSN 1559-0097Print ISSN 1046-3976 (Source: Endocrine Pathology) Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4816061 Tue, 10 May 2011 06:01:58 +0100 4816061 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4816060&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F6n4k5v3u08t67460%2F In this study, we aimed to compare functional status, ultrasonographical features, cytological results, and histopathological characteristics of patients with CPTC and FVPTC. Preoperative thyroid functions, thyroid autoantibodies, ultrasonographical features, cytology, and histopathology results of 354 (79.9%) CPTC and 90 (20.3%) FVPTC patients were reviewed retrospectively. Sex distribution, mean age, thyroid autoantibody positivity, and thyroid dysfunctions were similar in two groups. Among 320 patients with preoperative ultrasonography (US) findings, a hypoechoic halo was observed more frequently (p = 0.003), and marginal irregularity was observed less commonly (p = 0.024) in FVPTC lesions. In CPTC, rate of malignant cytology (p = 0.001), and in FVPTC, rate of suspiciou... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4816060 Tue, 10 May 2011 06:01:58 +0100 4816060 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4808133&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F16270q8231614155%2F This study aimed to determine the value of cytological classification system and ultrasound (US) to predict malignancy in indeterminate thyroid nodule. This retrospective analysis enrolled 80 patients surgically treated at a single center, 75% (60) with benign vs. 25% (20) with malignant lesions at final histology. The clinical, scintigraphic, sonographic, and cytological classification (Bethesda) variables were analyzed in these selected cases of indeterminate cytology, and a prediction model was designed after the multivariate analysis. There was a 25% prevalence of malignancy (20/80). There were no differences in gender, serum thyroid-stimulating hormone and FT4 levels, thyroid auto-antibodies, thyroid dysfunction, and scintigraphic results between benign and malignant nodule grou... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4808133 Thu, 05 May 2011 15:47:52 +0100 4808133 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4750057&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fx722776481884602%2F Abstract  Fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNA) is currently the best initial diagnostic test for evaluation of a thyroid nodule. FNA cytology cannot discriminate between benign and malignant thyroid nodules in up to 30% of thyroid nodules. Therefore, an adjunct to FNA is needed to clarify these lesions as benign or malignant. Using differential display-polymerase chain reaction method, the gene expression differences between follicular and classic variants of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) and benign thyroid nodules were evaluated in a group of 42 patients. Computational gene function analyses via Cytoscape, FuncBASE, and GeneMANIA led us to a functional network of 17 genes in which a core sub-network of five genes coexists. Although the exact mechanisms underlying in thy... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4750057 Thu, 21 Apr 2011 06:13:59 +0100 4750057 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4728027&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fl457137nl06x7574%2F We report a follicular carcinoma of thyroid that showed a range of histologic appearances, with microfollicular, macrofollicular/pseudopapillary, oncocytic, and poorly differentiated areas. We used comparative genomic hybridization to detect the major DNA copy number changes in each component, in order to study the inter-relationships among them. All showed gains in 11q and 17q, suggesting that these were early events in the development of the tumor, and these were the only changes in the follicular component. The other components each showed additional gains and losses, some unique to one component. The oncocytic component showed most changes, including loss on 16q in the region of the E-cadherin gene. This was associated with reduced intensity of immunostaining for E-cadherin speci... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4728027 Fri, 15 Apr 2011 15:47:10 +0100 4728027 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4728028&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F113482m2520m6335%2F Abstract  Percutaneous ethanol injection (PEI) is an alternative therapy for thyroid nodules (TN). However, some concern is raised on its carcinogenic effects. To evaluate the cytological and clinical changes caused by PEI in patients with benign TN. Thirty-nine patients with TN (23.1% hyperfunctioning) were submitted to a median of three PEI sessions. After a median of 17 months, patients were reassessed. A new ultrasound-guided fine needle biopsy (US-FNB) was performed, and the smears were analyzed after May–Grünwald–Giemsa staining. The diagnostic findings and the cellular characteristics were compared before and after treatment. There was an increase in the proportion of nondiagnostic/unsatisfactory results (from 2.5% to 18.9%). No malignant cases were observed... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4728028 Thu, 14 Apr 2011 17:00:30 +0100 4728028 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4728029&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fd2405r424l508w24%2F Abstract  Frequent mutations in the GNAQ, MMP8, Akt3, EGFR, and PIK3R1 genes have been reported in human cancers but mostly have not been well examined in thyroid cancer. Selected exons of GNAQ, MMP8, AKT3, EGFR, and PIK3R1 genes were sequenced in various thyroid cancers. We found a G2203A EGFR mutation, resulting in a G735S amino acid change, in one of 21 (5%) papillary thyroid cancer samples. We did not find any mutation in the MMP8 gene, but observed a frequent SNP A259G (K87E) genotype switch in various types of thyroid cancer samples. We did not find any mutation in the GNAQ, AKT3, and PIK3R1genes in various types of thyroid cancer. No mutation in these genes was found in 12 cell lines derived from various types of thyroid cancer. Therefore, unlike in other cancers, mutat... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4728029 Wed, 13 Apr 2011 14:34:38 +0100 4728029 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4576171&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F0x00q42707336730%2F We report the case of a 36-year-old woman with Cushing’s syndrome caused by a malignant unresectable neuroendocrine carcinoma of the pancreas that developed bilateral ovarian metastases 7 years after diagnosis. In November 2001, because of abdominal pain and jaundice, the patient underwent radiological investigations and exploratory laparotomy that demonstrated the presence of a 3-cm mass of the head of the pancreas, infiltrating the superior mesenteric vein, associated with enlargement of multiple abdominal lymph nodes and with a liver nodule. Histological examination of one lymph node and of the liver nodule demonstrated the presence of metastases from a well-differentiated neuroendocrine carcinoma showing corticotropin immunoreactivity. A few months later, the patient start... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4576171 Wed, 09 Mar 2011 17:07:02 +0100 4576171 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4562841&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fy4l66r5471rv4662%2F We present a case of a malignant adrenal rest tumor arising from the retroperitoneum with Cushing's syndrome in a 31-year-old female. Her serum cortisol and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate levels were elevated, while adrenocorticotropic hormone levels were low. Computed tomography scans and magnetic resonance imaging revealed a retroperitoneal tumor with no visible lesions in the adrenal glands and ovaries. From those results and the histopathologic findings following biopsy of an enlarged supraclavicular lymph node, the patient was diagnosed as a malignant adrenal rest tumor of the retroperitoneum. Despite chemotherapy, the patient died of rapid development of multiple metastases. Autopsy revealed a large tumor that extended around the abdominal aorta from the levels of the left kidn... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4562841 Fri, 04 Mar 2011 10:46:27 +0100 4562841 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4537673&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fv77740uu753x3231%2F In this study, we report the clinical, histopathological, and genetic investigation of two unrelated cases, whom had apparently sporadic malignant parathyroid tumors, initially diagnosed as adenomas. In one case, the differential diagnosis was complicated by cervical seeding of parathyroid tumor cells. Genetic studies identified de novo HRPT2 germline mutations in cases 1 (c.518_521delTGTC [p.Ser174LysfsX27]) and 2 (c.226 C > T [p.Arg76X]), unveiling the hereditary HPT-JT syndrome in both patients. Furthermore, the identification of somatic mutations in the patients‟ parathyroid tumors provided evidence for complete inactivation of the HRPT2 gene, which was consistent with the tumor malignant features. The sensitivity of parafibromin immunostaining to detect HRPT2 mu... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4537673 Mon, 28 Feb 2011 16:47:37 +0100 4537673 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4456918&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Ff8301157326q68t4%2F We report the case of a 45-year-old Colombian female with a 3-month history of headache, anorexia, fatigue, and diplopia in addition to left facial nerve palsy 2 weeks prior to presentation. On examination, visual fields and fundi were normal, but left abducens and facial nerve palsies were noted. An MRI scan disclosed a sellar mass with suprasellar but neither parasellar nor retrosellar extension. The mass was interpreted as a pituitary tumor and resected via the transsphenoidal approach. Histologic examination revealed necrotizing granulomas in a background of normal pituitary gland tissue. The differential diagnosis includes tuberculosis, sarcoidosis, fungal infection, syphilis, granulomatous autoimmune hypophysitis, Langerhans cell histiocytosis, and Erdheim-Chester disease.... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4456918 Mon, 07 Feb 2011 22:02:42 +0100 4456918 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4440058&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fqw6324p816462514%2F Abstract  Somatostatin and its synthetic analogs act through five specific somatostatin receptors (sstr1–5), found on the cell membrane of various tumors, including endocrine ones. Dopamine—a known neurotransmitter—acts through five membranous dopamine receptors (D1R–D5R) which have recently been found to be expressed in endocrine tumors. We evaluated the immunohistochemical expression of the sstrs and D2R in a large series of gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEP-NETs). A total of 22 (28.94%) well-differentiated NETs (WDNETs), 6 (7.89%) WDNETs of uncertain biology, 26 (34.21%) well-differentiated neuroendocrine carcinomas, and 22 (28.94%) poorly differentiated neuroendocrine carcinomas were studied. Overall, 76.31% of the tumors were positive for differ... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4440058 Thu, 03 Feb 2011 07:08:07 +0100 4440058 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4430447&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F005934703302u652%2F Abstract  Hemangiomas are benign vascular tumors that are most commonly found superficially in the head and neck. Cavernous hemangiomas are located in deeper structures and have been reported in a variety of endocrine tumors. However, parathyroid hemangiomas are exceedingly rare, with only three previously reported cases in the literature, all of which were associated with hyperparathyroidism. Here, we present the first case of an intraparenchymal cavernous hemangioma of the parathyroid gland without accompanying hyperparathyroidism in an otherwise unremarkable gland, accompanied by a brief review of the relevant literature. Content Type Journal ArticlePages 1-4DOI 10.1007/s12022-011-9150-2Authors Peggy Lu Nguyen, Department of Otolaryngology and Communication Sciences... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4430447 Tue, 01 Feb 2011 08:37:41 +0100 4430447 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4402187&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fk2mwj24027r2748r%2F Abstract  Nucleophosmin (NPM) is a multifunctional nucleolar protein that, depending on the context, can act as oncogene or tumour suppressor. Mutations of the NPM1 gene induce delocalization of NPM in acute myeloid leukaemia. Differently, in solid tumours, only NPM overexpression, but not delocalization, has been so far reported. Here, NPM localization in thyroid tumours was investigated. By using immunohistochemistry, we show increase of NPM cytoplasmic localization in follicular adenomas and papillary carcinomas compared to normal thyroid tissue (p = 0.0125 and <0.0001, respectively). NPM1 mutations commonly found in human leukaemia are not present in thyroid tumours. Immunofluorescence in cultured cell lines was utilized to discriminate between nucleolar and nucle... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4402187 Sat, 22 Jan 2011 07:32:42 +0100 4402187 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4365549&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F61765vq620149582%2F Abstract  Granular cell tumours of the thyroid gland are rare, with only six previously reported cases in the English literature. Current histological, immunohistochemical and electron microscopic evidence favours a neural/Schwannian relationship. A case of a granular cell tumour of the thyroid gland in a healthy 36-year-old woman is described. The tumour was found incidentally following a right thyroid lobectomy for symptoms from an asymmetric multinodular goitre. Macroscopically, the lesion resembled a papillary microcarcinoma. Microscopically, the tumour was composed of nests of epithelioid cells with abundant granular, eosinophilic cytoplasm. The nests were divided by fibrous septa and peripherally interdigitated with surrounding thyroid follicles. Immunohistochemistry ... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4365549 Sat, 15 Jan 2011 06:58:48 +0100 4365549 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4365551&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F1350857wr8678975%2F Abstract  It is widely held that solid cell nests (SCN) of the thyroid are ultimobranchial body remnants. SCNs are composed of main cells and C cells. It has been suggested that main cells might be pluripotent cells contributing to the histogenesis of C cells and follicular cells, as well as to the formation of certain thyroid tumors. The present study sought to analyze the immunohistochemical profile of SCN and to investigate the potential stem cell role of SCN main cells. Tissue sections from ten cases of nodular hyperplasia (non-tumor goiter) with SCNs were retrieved from the files of the Hospital Infanta Luisa (Seville, Spain). Parathormone (PTH), calcitonin (CT), thyroglobulin (TG), thyroid transcription factor (TTF-1), galectin 3 (GAL3), cytokeratin 19 (CK 19), p63, b... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4365551 Sat, 15 Jan 2011 00:56:59 +0100 4365551 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4365550&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F901t504k4q25v173%2F Abstract  A 52-year-old woman experienced sudden onset of double vision due to a right abducens nerve palsy and was diagnosed as having a pituitary macroadenoma that invaded into the right cavernous sinus. Otherwise, she was asymptomatic despite marked elevation of ACTH (293 pg/ml) and cortisol (24.6 μg/dl) levels. The patient underwent transsphenoidal surgery followed by γ-knife radiosurgery (GKR), which healed the diplopia and ameliorated the hypercortisolemia. The excised tumor was diffusely stained for ACTH with a high (15%) Ki-67 labeling index. Early tumor recurrence occurred twice thereafter, producing right lower cranial nerve palsies with petrosal bone destruction at 8 months and an ipsilateral oculomotor nerve palsy at 12 months after GKR; all... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4365550 Sat, 15 Jan 2011 00:56:59 +0100 4365550 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4288067&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fh537203011765781%2F Abstract  Pediatric adrenocortical carcinoma is extremely rare with a prevalence of 0.3 per million. Adrenocortical neoplasms in children usually present with one of the endocrine abnormalities. Adrenocortical neoplasms cannot be easily diagnosed on cytopathology; hence, the cytomorphological features posing diagnostic dilemmas are discussed in a pediatric patient presenting with palpable abdominal mass and virilization. Fine-needle aspiration smears were cellular showing cells in cohesive clusters adhering to central core of capillaries exhibiting an endocrine vascular pattern along with single cells and stripped nuclei. Cells were polygonal in shape and had abundant cytoplasm with well-defined borders and round eccentric nuclei with prominent nucleoli. Marked anisonucleos... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4288067 Wed, 22 Dec 2010 20:23:17 +0100 4288067 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4273765&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fvp78423g70m3t422%2F Content Type Journal ArticleDOI 10.1007/s12022-010-9143-6Authors Runjan Chetty, Department of Pathology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland UK Journal Endocrine PathologyOnline ISSN 1559-0097Print ISSN 1046-3976 (Source: Endocrine Pathology) Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4273765 Thu, 16 Dec 2010 18:27:10 +0100 4273765 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4187774&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F5169t7811417811v%2F Abstract  Encapsulated malignant follicular cell-derived thyroid tumors are subject to considerable controversies. This group includes encapsulated follicular variant of papillary carcinoma (FVPTC) and encapsulated (so-called minimally invasive) follicular carcinoma (EFC). FVPTC usually presents as an encapsulated tumor and less commonly as a partially/nonencapsulated infiltrative neoplasm. The encapsulated form rarely metastasizes to lymph node, whereas infiltrative tumors often harbor nodal metastases. Encapsulated FVPTC have a molecular profile very close to follicular adenomas/carcinomas (high rate of RAS and absence of BRAF mutations). Infiltrative follicular variant has an opposite molecular profile closer to classical papillary thyroid carcinoma than to follicular ade... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4187774 Thu, 18 Nov 2010 17:56:38 +0100 4187774 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4153678&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fh377422532526t36%2F Abstract  MGMT expression in tumors has been correlated with response to treatment with temozolomide therapy. Few medical therapies are available for Nelson syndrome, and the efficacy of such therapeutics remains limited. The aim of the present study was to assess immunohistochemical expression of MGMT in ACTH-secreting pituitary adenomas of patients with Nelson syndrome. Our material consisted of eight specimens from ACTH-secreting pituitary adenomas of patients with Nelson syndrome. Immunohistochemical staining for MGMT was performed using the streptavidin-biotin-peroxidase complex method. MGMT immunoreactivity was assessed microscopically and recorded as an estimated percentage of nuclear MGMT immunostaining (0 = none, 1 = <10%, 2 = <25%, 3 = <50%, 4... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4153678 Mon, 08 Nov 2010 19:19:55 +0100 4153678 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4146612&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F0m16g2t516249484%2F Abstract  Our purpose was to evaluate MUC1 clinical utility in the diagnosis and prognosis of thyroid cancer patients. We studied the protein expression of MUC1 in 289 thyroid carcinomas and 121 noncancerous thyroid nodules. There were 41 follicular carcinomas (FC) and 248 papillary thyroid carcinomas (PTC) including 149 classic (CPTC), 20 tall cell (TCPTC) and 79 follicular variants (FVPTC). In addition, we used a quantitative real-time PCR (q-PCR) method to measure MUC1 mRNA expression levels in 108 carcinomas, 23 hyperplasias, and 19 FA. According to their serum Tg levels and other evidences of recurrence/metastasis, the patients were classified as free-of-disease (185 cases) or bad outcome (56 cases, 10 deaths). MUC1 protein was identified in 80.2% PTC; 48.8% FC; 68.3% F... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4146612 Sat, 06 Nov 2010 20:22:24 +0100 4146612 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4141648&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fq463872q68740312%2F Abstract  A 29-year-old Ethiopian man presented with marked bilateral visual loss, headache, hypopituitarism and significant hyponatraemia (115 mmol/L). A brain MRI scan demonstrated a large, lobulated, sellar and suprasellar mass, elevating the floor of the 3rd ventricle and compressing the optic chiasm. The patient underwent a transphenoidal resection of the mass followed by a craniotomy 10 days later. Histological examination demonstrated a Hyams’ grade III neuroblastoma with ectopic expression of vasopressin. He underwent fractionated radiotherapy at a dose of 60 Gy in 30 fractions. Fourteen months after the onset, he is well with no neuroimaging evidence of tumour recurrence. His serum and urine sodium are completely normalised. Content Type Journa... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4141648 Thu, 04 Nov 2010 17:51:23 +0100 4141648 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4141647&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F9qk5u5555780384h%2F Content Type Journal ArticleDOI 10.1007/s12022-010-9139-2Authors Yoshikazu Ogawa, Department of Neurosurgery, Kohnan Hospital, 4-20-1 Nagamachiminami, Taihaku-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 982-8523, JapanMika Watanabe, Department of Pathology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, JapanTeiji Tominaga, Department of Neurosurgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan Journal Endocrine PathologyOnline ISSN 1559-0097Print ISSN 1046-3976 (Source: Endocrine Pathology) Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4141647 Thu, 04 Nov 2010 17:51:23 +0100 4141647 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4042738&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fn7h6h1q4253r5137%2F Abstract  Intranuclear rodlets (INRs) are structures present within the nuclei of human insulin-secreting beta cells of the endocrine pancreas. Their physiological significance, and whether they are altered in disease, is unknown. In the present study, the proportion of pancreatic beta cells containing INRs was examined in mouse models of type II diabetes and in a model with improved beta cell function. To gain insights into the molecular regulators of INR formation, mice with a conditional adult beta cell-specific knockout of the serine/threonine protein kinase Lkb1 (Lkb1 adult beta cell knockout (LABKO) mice) were studied. To investigate INR changes in a pathophysiological context, beta cell INRs were examined in two models of human metabolic syndrome: (1) mice maintained... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4042738 Tue, 05 Oct 2010 05:50:06 +0100 4042738 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4007983&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F4253273w68141254%2F Content Type Journal ArticleDOI 10.1007/s12022-010-9133-8Authors Vânia Nosé, Anatomic Pathology, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Clinical Research Building, (R-5), 1120 N.W. 14 Street, Suite 1411, Miami, FL 33136, USA Journal Endocrine PathologyOnline ISSN 1559-0097Print ISSN 1046-3976 (Source: Endocrine Pathology) Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4007983 Mon, 27 Sep 2010 16:52:35 +0100 4007983 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4007985&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fb756732136334433%2F Abstract  Familial follicular cell-derived well-differentiated thyroid cancer, papillary (PTC), and follicular thyroid carcinomas (FTC), accounts for 95% of thyroid malignancies. The majority of are sporadic, and at least 5% of these patients will have familial disease. Familial thyroid syndromes are classified into familial medullary thyroid carcinoma (FMTC), derived from calcitonin-producing C cells, and familial follicular cell tumors or non-medullary thyroid carcinoma (FNMTC), derived from follicular cells. Twenty-five percent of patients with medullary thyroid cancer (MTC) have a familial form; however, this accounts for only 1% of all patients with thyroid cancer. The familial follicular cell-derived lesions or familial non-medullary thyroid cancer can be divided into... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4007985 Mon, 27 Sep 2010 16:52:34 +0100 4007985 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3978907&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Ft174717515x3g31j%2F Content Type Journal ArticleDOI 10.1007/s12022-010-9134-7Authors Sébastien Vergez, Department of Head and Neck Surgery, University-Hospital Rangueil-Larrey, 24 chemin de Pouvourville, 31059 Toulouse Cedex 9, FranceIsabelle Rouquette, Department of Pathology, University-Hospital Rangueil-Larrey, Toulouse, FranceMarylène Ancey, Department of Endocrinology, Metabolic Diseases and Nutrition, University-Hospital Rangueil-Larrey, Toulouse, FranceElie Serrano, Department of Head and Neck Surgery, University-Hospital Rangueil-Larrey, Toulouse, FrancePhilippe Caron, Department of Endocrinology, Metabolic Diseases and Nutrition, University-Hospital Rangueil-Larrey, Toulouse, France Journal Endocrine PathologyOnline ISSN 1559-0097Print ISSN 1046-3976 (Source: Endocrine Pathology) Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3978907 Thu, 16 Sep 2010 16:54:27 +0100 3978907 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3940708&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Ft0v074071j361380%2F In this study, we report the morphologic, immunohistochemical, and ultrastructural features of an incidentally discovered appendiceal clear cell/lipid-rich carcinoid in a 32-year-old man without any evidence of von Hippel–Lindau disease. Differential diagnosis with mimicking neoplastic and non-tumor lesions, epidemiology, and clinical behavior of this exceedingly rare variant of carcinoid of the appendix are also discussed. Content Type Journal ArticleDOI 10.1007/s12022-010-9132-9Authors Giulio Rossi, Operative Unit of Pathologic Anatomy, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Policlinico of Modena, Modena, ItalyNazarena Nannini, Operative Unit of Pathologic Anatomy, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Policlinico of Modena, Modena, ItalyFederica Bertolini, Department of Oncology, Azi... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3940708 Fri, 03 Sep 2010 16:52:14 +0100 3940708 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3897855&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fk8h04127044u1761%2F In this study, we examined the immunohistochemical expression of RKIP in various subtypes of thyroid carcinoma. Immunostaining for RKIP was performed on 104 cases of primary thyroid carcinoma (40 papillary, 29 follicular, 11 medullary, 11 poorly differentiated, and 13 anaplastic carcinomas) and 26 cases of nodal metastatic tumor (17 papillary, 4 medullary, and 5 anaplastic carcinomas). Normal thyroid tissue and all cases of follicular, papillary, and medullary carcinomas showed uniform, strong cytoplasmic immunoreactivity for RKIP. With the exception of one case, poorly differentiated carcinomas also revealed strong RKIP expression. In contrast, RKIP expression was completely absent in all anaplastic carcinomas. The transition zone from the differentiated carcinoma component (strong ... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3897855 Mon, 23 Aug 2010 18:00:43 +0100 3897855 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3878971&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fmnj6235851733756%2F Abstract  Activating mutations of GNAq protein in a hotspot at codon 209 have been recently described in uveal melanomas. Since these neoplasms share with thyroid carcinomas a high frequency of MAP kinase pathway-activating mutations, we hypothesized whether GNAq mutations could also play a role in the development of thyroid carcinomas. Additionally, activating mutations of another subtype of G protein (GNAS1) are frequently found in hyperfunctioning thyroid adenomas, making it plausible that GNAq-activating mutations could also be found in some of these nodules. To investigate thyroid papillary carcinomas and thyroid hyperfuncioning nodules for GNAq mutations in exon 5, codon 209, a total of 32 RET/PTC, BRAF, and RAS negative thyroid papillary carcinomas and 13 hyperfuncti... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3878971 Mon, 16 Aug 2010 18:08:00 +0100 3878971 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3878970&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fm0p4m76703868618%2F Abstract  In this brief report, we describe a case of ectopic thyroid tissue in the gallbladder wall. We review the literature on ectopia of the thyroid and its rare occurrence outside the usual path of the migration of the thyroid anlage from the foramen caecum to the mediastinum. The importance of distinguishing ectopic thyroid from metastatic thyroid carcinoma is emphasized. Content Type Journal ArticleDOI 10.1007/s12022-010-9130-yAuthors Clarissa A. Cassol, Department of Pathology, University Health Network, 200 Elizabeth Street, 11th Floor, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4, CanadaDhun Noria, Department of Pathology, The Scarborough Hospital, Toronto, ON CanadaSylvia L. Asa, Department of Pathology, University Health Network, 200 Elizabeth Street, 11th Floor, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4,... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3878970 Mon, 16 Aug 2010 18:08:00 +0100 3878970 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3774677&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F7tl501686064p6p1%2F In conclusion, immunohistochemistry for IgG4 can be a clue for differentiating IgG4-related hypophysitis from lymphocytic hypophysitis. However, clusters of IgG4-positive plasmacytes could be observed in secondary inflammation. Diagnosing hypophysitis with small biopsy specimen still remains troublesome. Content Type Journal ArticleDOI 10.1007/s12022-010-9128-5Authors Hiroshi Nishioka, Tokyo Medical University Department of Neurosurgery Tokyo JapanMakoto Shibuya, Tokyo Medical University Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Ibaraki Medical Center Tokyo JapanJo Haraoka, Tokyo Medical University Department of Neurosurgery Tokyo Japan Journal Endocrine PathologyOnline ISSN 1559-0097Print ISSN 1046-3976 (Source: Endocrine Pathology) Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3774677 Fri, 16 Jul 2010 07:48:12 +0100 3774677 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3650735&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F92326k00931r3430%2F Abstract  Brenner tumor and struma ovarii, two uncommon ovarian tumors arising alone or together with dermoid cysts or adenomas, are both rare entities. Both tumors rarely become malignant and rarely metastasize. Few published reports describe coexisting Brenner tumor and malignant struma ovarii. Patients in whom these malignancies coexist only occasionally have peritoneal spreading, strumosis, or a history of thyrotoxicosis. The patient we describe, a 74-year-old woman, presented with a 2 months’ history of lower abdominal pain and episodic intestinal subocclusion due to a complex pelvic mass. The mass consisted predominantly of a Brenner tumor associated with struma ovarii containing a single small island of thyroid tissue that had undergone malignant transformatio... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3650735 Mon, 07 Jun 2010 17:15:44 +0100 3650735 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3650734&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F97t2765v779380r0%2F Abstract  Recently, using ultrasonography, we observed that the right lobe usually is larger compared with the left thyroid lobe. Since the higher cell number in a larger right lobe may confer a higher tumor risk, we investigated the location of benign and malignant lesions to test the hypothesis of a more frequent occurrence in this lobe. In 1,001 consecutive patients with benign thyroid lesions, tumors more frequently occurred in the right lobe (+21.5%, p = 0.0022). Furthermore, in 1,277 thyroid cancer patients with 1,302 thyroid cancers, the right lobe more often harbored the tumor initially (+22.9%, p = 0.0009). Our data show a larger proportion of both benign and malignant tumors in the right thyroid lobe. Content Type Journal ArticleDOI 10.1007/s12022-010-9... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3650734 Mon, 07 Jun 2010 17:15:44 +0100 3650734 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3650736&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fq01qj12476545vh5%2F Abstract  Well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumors (carcinoids) arising in the presacral space are rare neoplasms that can arise in association with either sacrococcygeal teratomas or tailgut cysts. Although tumors arising in tailgut cysts are more frequent than those associated with teratomas, they are still very rare, and only 13 cases have been reported in the literature. We describe the first case of a carcinoid composed of ghrelin-producing cells arising in a tailgut cyst. Ghrelin production was demonstrated using immunohistochemistry, electron microscopy, and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction methods. A 73-year-old woman with back and pelvic pain was found to have a presacral mass histologically diagnosed, on needle biopsy, as a well-differentiated neur... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3650736 Mon, 07 Jun 2010 17:15:43 +0100 3650736 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3642911&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fk150055451300lu3%2F Abstract  The object of this work was to compare the frequency of three polymorphic changes in the RET proto-oncogene: L769L, S836S, and S904S in patients with medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC; n = 246) and in the general population (n = 420 for single-nucleotide polymorphism [SNP] L769L and S904S; n = 411 for SNP 836). We tried to investigate how the harbored SNPs affect the age at onset of sporadic medullary thyroid carcinoma (sMTC) and MTC in carriers of known pathogenic mutations at codons 634 and 791 of the RET gene. A statistically significant difference was found in the frequency of the heterozygous change L769L in patients with sMTC (48.3%) and in unaffected individuals (39.5%). The presence of the polymorphic change L769L in the RET gene predisposes to the ... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3642911 Wed, 02 Jun 2010 16:59:36 +0100 3642911 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3611381&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fr2724q8n63281074%2F Abstract  It is known that the prevalence of lymphocytic thyroiditis (LT) is higher in patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), that gender influences this association, and that certain features of PTC occur more frequently in patients who also have LT. These relationships have not been studied in patients with papillary thyroid microcarcinomas (PTMC), however. Therefore, we performed a study to compare the clinical and pathological features of patients with PTMC who did and did not have LT. We collected the 323 consecutive patients following excision of PTMC diagnosed as papillary carcinoma on preoperative needle aspiration cytology. We analyzed the demographic, serologic, and pathologic data of those cases with categorization into four groups based on presence of ... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3611381 Thu, 27 May 2010 11:03:01 +0100 3611381 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3579667&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fr20653tp850u5405%2F The objective of the study was to assess O 6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) immunoreactivity in pituitary adenomas of silent subtype 3 as a potential indicator of temozolomide susceptibility. The Mayo Clinic Anatomic Pathology Database was searched for all cases of silent subtype 3 pituitary adenoma. Each of the 23 cases identified had been confirmed on the basis of histology, immunohistochemical staining for pituitary hormones, as well as on diagnostic ultrastructural criteria. Unstained microscopic sections were immunostained for MGMT and were semiquantitatively assessed. Of the 23 tumors examined, 18 (78%) showed no MGMT immunoreactivity. The remaining five (22%) showed immunoreactivity in ≤50% of tumor cells. Among eight of the most clinically aggressive tumors in t... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3579667 Tue, 18 May 2010 08:17:21 +0100 3579667 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3579666&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F26v8629251828710%2F Content Type Journal ArticleDOI 10.1007/s12022-010-9122-yAuthors Matteo Fassan, University of Padova Pathology Unit, Department of Medical Diagnostic Sciences and Special Therapies Via Aristide Gabelli, 61 35121 Padova ItalyFederico Rea, University of Padova Thoracic Surgery Unit, Department of Cardio-Thoracic and Vascular Sciences Padova ItalyRoberto Clemente, University of Padova Pathology Unit, Department of Medical Diagnostic Sciences and Special Therapies Via Aristide Gabelli, 61 35121 Padova ItalyGiovanna Rizzardi, University of Padova Thoracic Surgery Unit, Department of Cardio-Thoracic and Vascular Sciences Padova ItalyMarco Pizzi, University of Padova Pathology Unit, Department of Medical Diagnostic Sciences and Special Therapies Via Aristide Gabelli, 61 35121 Padova ItalyLuci... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3579666 Tue, 18 May 2010 08:17:21 +0100 3579666 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3571883&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F0862058051t52m6k%2F We report results from APC and parafibromin expression analyses by immunohistochemistry and Western blot in five cases of atypical adenoma, a single case of carcinoma and 54 adenomas without atypical features. Complete loss of APC immunoreactivity and reduced expression of parafibromin was evident in two of the atypical adenomas and in the parathyroid carcinoma. By contrast, all adenomas displayed APC expression, including two cases with hyperparathyroidism 2 gene (HRPT2) mutations and loss of parafibromin expression. We conclude that loss of APC is a frequent molecular event in atypical adenomas and carcinomas, but not in adenomas. Following verification in an independent material, APC could become a valuable tool when assessing parathyroid tumours in the clinical setting. Furthermo... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3571883 Sat, 15 May 2010 08:16:30 +0100 3571883 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3571884&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fp136680176p34m63%2F Abstract  Pituitary tumors are usually less vascularized than the normal pituitary, and the role of angiogenesis in these adenomas is contentious. Appraisal of microvascular density and expression of the potent angiogenic vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) by immunohistochemistry has yielded controversial results, as a broad spectrum of immunostaining can be found. We determined the protein expression of VEGF and CD31, an endothelial marker, in a series of 56 surgically removed pituitary adenomas using Western blot assay. Prolactinomas had higher VEGF protein expression compared to nonfunctioning or ACTH- and GH-secreting adenomas, while CD31 was similar in the different adenoma histotypes. VEGF and CD31 were not affected by sex, age, years of adenoma evolution, or p... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3571884 Sat, 15 May 2010 08:16:29 +0100 3571884 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3469983&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fh56611q856u70416%2F Abstract  Anti-Saccharomyces cerevisiae antibodies (ASCA) have been described in many autoimmune diseases in which there is an increased intestinal permeability. Also in type 1 diabetes (T1D), there is an increased intestinal permeability. Since no data are available about ASCA in T1D, we evaluated, retrospectively, the frequency of ASCA in this disease. ASCA, IgG, and IgA, were determined by ELISA in sera of 224 T1D patients in which coeliac disease has been excluded and 157 healthy control group. The frequency of ASCA (IgG or IgA) was significantly higher in T1D patients than in the control group (24.5% vs. 2.5%, p < 10−7). The same observation was found in children and in adult patients when we compare them to healthy children and blood donors group respectively.... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3469983 Mon, 12 Apr 2010 17:59:04 +0100 3469983 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3451734&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F46811611w52tg074%2F We report a case of synchronous MTC and PTC in a patient with germline RET mutation, and investigate the molecular pathogenesis of these two tumors. A 48-year-old man presented with cervical lymphadenopathy and was found to have metastatic MTC involving cervical and mediastinal lymph nodes. He underwent thyroidectomy and debulking of metastatic disease. The resected thyroid showed bilateral MTC and a 1-cm PTC. His lymph node metastases were predominantly MTC along with a small focus of metastatic PTC. Molecular testing using peripheral blood revealed a germline RET point mutation (Val804Met). Both tumors were analyzed for the BRAF (Val600Glu) mutation and the RET/PTC1 translocation. The PTC was positive for the BRAF mutation but negative for RET/PTC1. The MTC was negative for both a... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3451734 Mon, 05 Apr 2010 21:36:24 +0100 3451734 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3406416&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fvw441332h752041t%2F Abstract  Thyroid cancer is the most frequent endocrine neoplasia worldwide. The route for metastasis and loco-regional invasion preferentially occurs by lymphatic vessels. For this reason, the assessment of lymphatic vessel density (LVD) is supposed to represent both a prognostic parameter and also a potential therapeutic target. In order to evaluate the value of LVD in benign and malignant thyroid lesions, we analyzed 110 thyroidectomy specimens using D2-40, a specific marker for lymphatic vessels and vascular endothelial growth factor C (VEGF-C), the most potent molecule of lymphatic proliferation. LVD was significantly different between papillary and follicular carcinomas in total (p = 0.045) and peritumoral area (p = 0.042). Follicular adenoma and follicular car... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3406416 Wed, 24 Mar 2010 17:59:51 +0100 3406416 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3337108&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fm1x366768786800u%2F This study has been carried on to evaluate the role of immunohistochemical markers including galectin-3, Hector Battifora mesothelial cell-1 (HBME-1), and cytokeratin-19 in the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of benign and malignant thyroid lesions. The expressions of galectin-3, HBME-1, and cytokeratin-19 were tested in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues from 458 surgically resected thyroid lesions including non-neoplastic and neoplastic lesions. Immunostaining with standard avidin–biotin complex technique was performed by using monoclonal antibodies. In malignant neoplastic thyroid lesions, galectin-3, HBME-1, and cytokeratin-19 were diffusely expressed in general. Diffuse expression rates of these three markers were 72.3% (47/65), 70.7% (46/65), and 76.9% (50/65), r... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3337108 Wed, 03 Mar 2010 08:07:19 +0100 3337108 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3329326&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F9316880r45p35m30%2F We report here a previously undescribed case of primary pulmonary atypical carcinoid with prominent mucinous stroma, an exceedingly rare variant of carcinoid tumor so far reported only in the thymus. The tumor was discovered in a 50-year-old, non-smoker woman, and pursued an aggressive behavior. The lack of TTF-1 expression and the positive staining with hormonal receptors made the diagnosis very challenging. Differential diagnosis with other primary and metastatic mucin-rich tumors is also discussed. Content Type Journal ArticleDOI 10.1007/s12022-010-9115-xAuthors Nazarena Nannini, Azienda Ospedaliera–Universitaria Policlinico Section of Pathologic Anatomy Via del Pozzo 71-41100 Modena ItalyFederica Bertolini, Azienda Ospedaliera–Universitaria Policlinico Section of Oncolog... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3329326 Tue, 02 Mar 2010 10:07:39 +0100 3329326 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3315706&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F530161638hh10835%2F Abstract  Solitary fibrous tumor was initially thought to be a pleura-based tumor. However, over the last two decades, its involvement in a variety of extrapleural sites gained recognition. Nonetheless, a primary involvement of the endocrine organs is rare, and in this report, we detail an instance where the tumor affected the adrenal gland of a 71-year-old Arab man. On histology, besides the typical morphologic features seen in solitary fibrous tumor, the neoplasm also exhibited unusual features on immunohistochemistry such as positive staining for cytokeratin AE1/3 and calponin in conjunction with diffuse expression for S-100. The genetic tests for t(X:18) as seen in synovial sarcoma were negative, and the overall histological appearance favored a diagnosis of solitary fi... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3315706 Fri, 26 Feb 2010 09:44:16 +0100 3315706 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3315707&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F5w682p7312644722%2F Abstract  PI3K/Akt signaling pathway plays critical role in many cell processes. There is indication that enhanced activation of PI3K/Akt cascade is implicated in thyroid tumors. Aim of this study was to evaluate the mutational status and expression of PI3K/Akt pathway mediators in papillary thyroid carcinoma in Greece. We evaluated the presence of mutations in PIK3CA (exons 9 and 20), AKT1 (exons 6–11), AKT2 (exons 6–11), AKT3 (exons 5–10), PTEN (exons 3–8), and PDPK1 (exons 4–10) genes in 83 papillary thyroid carcinomas by DNA sequencing. The expression levels of phospho-Akt and insulin-like growth factor I receptor (IGF-IR) were evaluated by immunohistochemistry. PIK3CA mutations were found in three samples. The analysis of AKT1 revealed one silent mutation in exo... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3315707 Thu, 25 Feb 2010 17:58:42 +0100 3315707 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3296658&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fk834145227q82p17%2F Content Type Journal ArticleDOI 10.1007/s12022-010-9108-9Authors Pin-Jie Chen, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital Department of Pathology Taichung TaiwanJeng-Dong Hsu, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital Department of Pathology Taichung TaiwanChih-Ping Han, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Taichung Taiwan Journal Endocrine PathologyOnline ISSN 1559-0097Print ISSN 1046-3976 (Source: Endocrine Pathology) Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3296658 Sat, 20 Feb 2010 06:57:35 +0100 3296658 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3296659&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fbj77rx8827j5lg23%2F Content Type Journal ArticleCategory AbstractDOI 10.1007/s12022-010-9109-8Authors Toshiaki Sano, University of Tokushima Department of Human Pathology, Institute of Health Bioscience Tokushima Japan Journal Endocrine PathologyOnline ISSN 1559-0097Print ISSN 1046-3976 (Source: Endocrine Pathology) Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3296659 Sat, 20 Feb 2010 06:57:34 +0100 3296659 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3296660&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Ft585k7q36x2020p0%2F Content Type Journal ArticleDOI 10.1007/s12022-010-9111-1Authors Peiguo G. Chu, City of Hope National Medical Center Department of Pathology Duarte CA USASean K. Lau, City of Hope National Medical Center Department of Pathology Duarte CA USALawrence M. Weiss, City of Hope National Medical Center Department of Pathology Duarte CA USA Journal Endocrine PathologyOnline ISSN 1559-0097Print ISSN 1046-3976 (Source: Endocrine Pathology) Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3296660 Sat, 20 Feb 2010 06:57:33 +0100 3296660 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3296661&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fa153672267216158%2F Abstract  Tall cell variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma is an aggressive form of thyroid cancer with a significant mortality. This review describes the pathology of this variant, compares it to its pathologic mimics and discusses its clinical pathologic features. The literature on this tumor is reviewed. A brief discussion of molecular pathologic correlates is included. Content Type Journal ArticleDOI 10.1007/s12022-010-9106-yAuthors Virginia A. LiVolsi, University of Pennsylvania Health System Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine 3400 Spruce Street Philadelphia PA 19104 USA Journal Endocrine PathologyOnline ISSN 1559-0097Print ISSN 1046-3976 (Source: Endocrine Pathology) Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3296661 Sat, 20 Feb 2010 06:57:32 +0100 3296661 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3296662&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F9766756q51430573%2F Abstract  Atypical adenoma has an aggressive biological character, invades the surrounding structures, and grows rapidly. Morphological malignant findings such as increasing cellularity and nuclear atypism are not involved in this entity, but some cases with overt malignant features such as significant nuclear atypism and/or necrosis are known. Null cell adenoma generally grows slowly, but hormone secretion is little understood. Atypical null cell adenoma is rare, and hormone production is unknown. A 55-year-old woman presented with severe hypopituitarism and diabetes insipidus and bilateral upper temporal quadrantanopsia. Head magnetic resonance imaging revealed a large sellar tumor compressing the optic chiasm. Transsphenoidal surgery was performed, but the tumor was part... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3296662 Sat, 20 Feb 2010 06:57:31 +0100 3296662 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3296663&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F14px23l5121238u1%2F Abstract  Pituitary adenomas (PA) occasionally show aggressive behavior, with invasion of the surrounding tissues. The identification of markers able to recognize aggressive PA in early stages remains a challenge. We aimed to determine the expression of a new cell proliferation marker, Mcm2, and the presence of apoptosis in PA, and to evaluate the association of clinicopathological features with the apoptotic and proliferative indices. Additionally, the TGF-β1 expression, an inducer of apoptosis, was determined. The proliferative index was determined in GH-secreting or clinically nonfunctioning PA using immunohistochemical (IH) methods for Mcm2 and Ki-67 antigens. The apoptosis was assessed by the TUNEL method and the TGF-β1 expression by IH. A significant positive correl... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3296663 Sat, 20 Feb 2010 06:57:30 +0100 3296663 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3224224&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fkg51878248208420%2F We report eight cases of unusual chromophobic adenomas. GH-immunoreactivity was detected in most adenoma cells in five cases and scattered in three cases. However, it appeared much weaker than that seen in ordinary GH-producing adenomas because of spotty immunoreactivity. Although intracytoplasmic organelles were well-developed, secretory granules were small and sparse. FB was not identified in any cases. Thyroid-stimulating hormone was positive in four cases. Pit-1 protein was positive in all eight cases. A weak labeling with GH probe was detected in two of two cases examined by in situ hybridization. Acromegalic features were evident in four cases, while mild or absent in four cases. GH levels were below 5 μg/l in four cases and 5–10 μg/l in the remaining cases. Macro... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3224224 Thu, 28 Jan 2010 18:05:09 +0100 3224224 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3169537&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fwt017682h685mp22%2F Abstract  The encapsulated follicular variant of papillary carcinoma has become one of the most common diagnoses in thyroid tumor pathology. However, serious issues remain regarding the reproducibility of the diagnosis, its position in the scheme of thyroid neoplasms, and the clinical implications of the diagnosis. Strict morphologic criteria should be applied to its microscopic recognition, especially in regard to the nuclear features. The generally indolent behavior of this tumor should be recognized in order to avoid overtreatment. Content Type Journal ArticleDOI 10.1007/s12022-009-9103-1Authors Juan Rosai, Centro Diagnostico Italiano International Center for Oncologic Pathology Consultations Via saint Bon 14 20147 Milan Italy Journal Endocrine PathologyOnline ... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3169537 Tue, 12 Jan 2010 06:47:56 +0100 3169537 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3161951&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fg42958u867544044%2F We present herein a giant prolactin-secreting pituitary adenoma in a middle-aged man that had responded partially to dopamine agonist therapy. The excised specimen demonstrated a double adenoma. The prolactin-producing one displayed the expected morphological changes resulting from medical therapy, while the other, a gonadotroph adenoma, did not. The failure of tumor shrinkage can be attributed to the presence of a double adenoma, a previously unreported cause of failure of medical therapy in prolactinoma. Content Type Journal ArticleDOI 10.1007/s12022-009-9104-0Authors Claire I. Coiré, Trillium Health Centre Department of Laboratory Medicine Mississauga ON CanadaHarley S. Smyth, Trillium Health Centre Department of Neurosurgery Mississauga ON CanadaDominic Rosso, Trillium Health ... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3161951 Thu, 07 Jan 2010 22:25:47 +0100 3161951 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3106146&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fe306x20023j72722%2F Abstract  Our understanding of oncocytic change in thyroid nodules is evaluated in light of the recent progress in understanding the mitochondrial DNA, its mutations, and somatic mutations that affect mitochondrial function. These changes are largely unrelated to the genetic events that result in proliferation and neoplastic transformation of thyroid follicular epithelial cells. The criteria for diagnosing lesions that are composed predominantly of oncocytic cells are the same as those applied to follicular lesions that do not contain oncocytic cells, including follicular variant papillary carcinomas, based on nuclear morphology, immunohistochemical profiles, and molecular markers. Content Type Journal ArticleDOI 10.1007/s12022-009-9102-2Authors Ozgur Mete, University H... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3106146 Wed, 16 Dec 2009 07:04:57 +0100 3106146 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3087488&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F617578503t584283%2F Abstract  Dominant nodules within Hashimoto thyroiditis (HT) may present with unique morphological features that overlap with but are not diagnostic of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). Activating BRAF point mutations, RAS aberrations, and RET rearrangements are mutually exclusive events in the oncogenesis of papillary thyroid carcinoma, and RET rearrangements have been previously described in dominant nodules of HT. We identified 28 cases of Hashimoto thyroiditis with a dominant nodule, from 345 consecutive HT thyroidectomies. Screening for BRAF, RET, KRAS, NRAS, and HRAS mutations, as well as RET-PTC1 and RET-PTC3 rearrangements, was performed on paraffin-embedded material from 17 of these dominant nodules. Patients ranged in age from 29 to 76 years and were predominan... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3087488 Sat, 12 Dec 2009 14:21:05 +0100 3087488 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3098665&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fv75431g227067tvj%2F Abstract  Poorly differentiated thyroid carcinoma (PDTC) was originally described in 1983 but included in the WHO classification of thyroid tumours in the 2004 edition, only. The diagnostic problems encountered in the 5 years of application of the WHO criteria are reviewed here. A long debate is still going on about the nature of PDTC, its morphological diagnostic features, its clinical significance and its optimal therapeutic approach. A consensus conference held in Turin in 2006 confirmed the geographical differences among claimed classical forms of PDTC and suggested a diagnostic algorithm based on the presence of a solid/trabecular/insular growth pattern and of high-grade features, in line with the WHO definition of PDTC, capable to select tumours with a distinct a... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3098665 Thu, 03 Dec 2009 18:23:58 +0100 3098665 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3065355&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fv75431g227067tvj%2F Abstract  Poorly differentiated thyroid carcinoma (PDTC) was originally described in 1983 but included in the WHO classification of thyroid tumours in the 2004 edition, only. The diagnostic problems encountered in the 5 years of application of the WHO criteria are reviewed here. A long debate is still going on about the nature of PDTC, its morphological diagnostic features, its clinical significance and its optimal therapeutic approach. A consensus conference held in Turin in 2006 confirmed the geographical differences among claimed classical forms of PDTC and suggested a diagnostic algorithm based on the presence of a solid/trabecular/insular growth pattern and of high-grade features, in line with the WHO definition of PDTC, capable to select tumours with a distinct a... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3065355 Thu, 03 Dec 2009 18:23:58 +0100 3065355 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3065356&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F486706376701qmj4%2F Content Type Journal ArticleCategory ErratumDOI 10.1007/s12022-009-9099-6Authors Michael Herman Chui, University Health Network Department of Pathology 200 Elizabeth Street, 11th Floor Toronto ON Canada M5G 2C4Nese Colak Özbey, Istanbul University Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine 34390 Capa Istanbul TurkeyShereen Ezzat, University Health Network and Mount Sinai Hospital Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology Toronto ON CanadaYersu Kapran, Istanbul University Department of Pathology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine 34390 Capa Istanbul TurkeyYesim Erbil, Istanbul University Department of Surgery, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine 34390 Capa Istanbul TurkeySylvia L. Asa, University Health Network Department of Pathology 200 Eliza... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3065356 Wed, 02 Dec 2009 18:47:56 +0100 3065356 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3016473&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F73t2328622860344%2F We report a case of familial, bilateral cervical paragangliomas (PGs) with lymph node metastasis. Patient I-1 is a 56-year-old man with a right carotid body tumor and a left vagal PG. Patient II-1 is a 29-year-old woman and the daughter of Patient I-1; she had a left carotid body tumor with regional lymph node metastasis. Histology of all the tumors showed the typical pattern of PGs, i.e., a zellballen pattern composed of chief cells positive for chromogranin A, and sustentacular cells positive for S100 protein. The Ki-67 labeling index was 1% to 3% in these PGs in both the primary and the metastatic tumors. Immunohistochemical analysis showed expression of somatostatin receptor (sstr) type 2A, but was negative for sstr type 5. Genomic mutation in succinate dehydrogenase type D was c... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3016473 Thu, 19 Nov 2009 20:07:59 +0100 3016473 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2971614&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fe722347rp065004j%2F We report here a case with RAS mutation detected in a malignant struma ovarii. The patient is a 38-year-old female who had a 2.4 cm ovarian cyst noted incidentally on a first trimester ultrasound. She proceeded to ovarian cystectomy post-delivery, with pathologic examination detecting a papillary thyroid carcinoma, follicular variant, arising in a cystic teratoma. The tumor was tested for BRAF, RAS, and RET/PTC mutations. HRAS codon 61 mutation was identified. This is the first report of RAS mutation detected in the follicular variant of papillary carcinoma arising in a struma ovarii. It provides evidence that tumors developing in this setting involve molecular mechanisms similar to those implicated in tumors developing in the thyroid gland. Content Type Journal ArticleDOI 10.... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2971614 Fri, 06 Nov 2009 19:47:38 +0100 2971614 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2971615&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fw580676003302071%2F Abstract  Insulin-like growth factor II mRNA-binding protein 3 (IMP3) is an oncofetal protein highly expressed in fetal tissue and malignant tumors but rarely found in adult benign tissues. In various tumors, IMP3 expression is correlated with increased tumor aggressiveness and reduced overall survival. To our knowledge, IMP3 expression has not been investigated in pituitary tumors. We analyzed the immunohistochemical expression of IMP3 in five normal pituitary tissues and 75 pituitary tumors (64 adenomas and 11 carcinomas) to determine if specific tumor types expressed IMP3 and if there were differences in IMP3 expression between adenomas and carcinomas. Immunohistochemical analysis showed that IMP3 was positive in four (80%) normal pituitaries with focal stain in a subset... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2971615 Fri, 06 Nov 2009 19:47:37 +0100 2971615 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2874146&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fy8677388750u2233%2F Abstract  Solid cell nests (SCN) associated with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis may show some atypical nuclear features including prominent nuclear grooves, enlarged overlapping nuclei and nuclear clearing. These features are sometimes mistaken for papillary thyroid microcarcinomas especially when the SCN are numerous. We reviewed SCN associated with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis in 12 patients selected from 1,420 archival routinely processed formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded thyroid specimens of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis in which there was more than ten SCN per slide. In addition to the atypical nuclear features, there was a distinct eosinophilic basement membrane surrounding the SCN. Immunohistochemical analysis showed that the SCN were strongly positive for p63, stained weakly fo... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2874146 Wed, 07 Oct 2009 07:20:11 +0100 2874146 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2840815&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fwqx5724u0v177530%2F Abstract  Thyrotropin (thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH))-producing pituitary adenomas have been known to be quite variable in clinical features covering from typical functioning TSH-producing adenomas (FTSHomas) associated with hyperthyroidism to clinically silent TSH cell adenomas (STAs) that are apparently unassociated with hyperthyroidism. It is important to distinguish STAs from other types of clinically non-functioning adenomas for adequate postoperative managements. However, because of rareness of TSH-producing adenomas, their histopathological features linking to the clinical manifestations have not been well characterized. Herein, we investigated clinical and histopathological findings to characterize 29 TSH-producing adenomas including 20 FTSHomas and nine STAs. C... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2840815 Thu, 24 Sep 2009 14:31:36 +0100 2840815 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2811281&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fb28g146605386272%2F Abstract  Intraductal lesions of the pancreas are usually due to intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms and the less common intraductal tubular adenoma. Cases of acinar cell carcinoma within intraductal location have also been encountered recently. Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors are rarely encountered within the main pancreatic duct. A 74-year-old male presented with non-specific abdominal symptoms and was found to have an obstructive lesion in the main pancreatic duct with associated chronic pancreatitis. A distal pancreatectomy was performed which revealed a solid and cystic tumor measuring 6 × 3 × 2 cm situated wholly within the main pancreatic duct. It formed an obstructing intraluminal polypoid lesion that resulted in surrounding chronic pancreatitis. Mi... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2811281 Thu, 17 Sep 2009 23:13:05 +0100 2811281 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2811282&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fu0608m4644170591%2F Abstract  Thyroid nodules can be biopsied by fine needle aspiration (FNA) or fine needle capillary (FNC) biopsies. However, there is controversy on whether one technique is superior to another. In a randomized cytopathologist-blinded cross-sectional study, 260 patients (238 females, age 43.2 ± 12.6) with nodular (82.7%) and diffuse goiter (17.3%) underwent 520 FNAs and 520 FNCs (not guided by ultrasound). Smears were scored for sample adequacy, and diagnosed as malignant, benign, suspicious, or nondiagnostic. Diagnostic accuracy was calculated based on the histological findings of 58 patients submitted to surgery. Intra-technique diagnostic accuracy and sample adequacy was seen in all samples. FNA and FNC provided similar cytological diagnosis, respectively (benign: 75... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2811282 Wed, 16 Sep 2009 18:45:35 +0100 2811282 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2767740&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fu26q52m3v82311m2%2F Abstract  17α-Hydroxylase deficiency (17OHD) is a rare form of congenital adrenal hyperplasia caused by mutations in the CYP17A1 gene. This condition shows considerable clinical and biochemical variation. Molecular characterization of novel mutations in the CYP17A1 gene and detailed study of their structural, enzymatic, and clinical consequences are required to fully understand enzyme behavior. Here, we present the first molecular characterization of two novel mutations in CYP17A1 in a 15-year-old female Mexican mestizo 46,XY female with primary amenorrhea and lack of pubertal development and severe hypertension that manifested only after surgery. A complete clinical and biochemical evaluation was compatible with 17OHD. Structural anomalies in the CYP17A1 gene were discovere... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2767740 Thu, 03 Sep 2009 06:05:58 +0100 2767740 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2736249&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fa171248213v72r8x%2F Abstract  Tumor-to-tumor metastasis in thyroid neoplasms is exceedingly uncommon. Two unusual cases of breast carcinoma and renal cell carcinoma metastatic to follicular variant papillary carcinoma are reported. On histologic sections, the donor tumor cells infiltrated the substance of the recipient tumor and the angiolymphatic channels, but the bulk of metastatic tumor was confined within the thyroid carcinoma. Immunohistochemical stains as well as molecular studies confirmed the origin of both donor tumors, as well as the diagnosis of follicular variant of papillary carcinoma in the recipient tumors. Distinguishing between two such tumor populations may be difficult when the donor tumor cells morphologically resemble primary neoplasms of the recipient organ. A history of ... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2736249 Tue, 25 Aug 2009 17:01:36 +0100 2736249 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2732492&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fn582240551772804%2F Abstract  Microvessel density (MVD) and area (MVA) were assessed in 53 clinically silent pituitary microadenomas and in surrounding normal pituitary tissue using CD34 immunostaining and digital image analysis system. Twenty-one microadenomas (40%) were avascular; in the others, both MVD and MVA were significantly lower than in the normal pituitary tissue. No significant differences in MVD and MVA were found between hormonally immunonegative and immunopositive tumors or between different hormonal subtypes of immunopositive microadenomas. In microadenomas and in normal pituitary tissue, MVD and MVA were not significantly influenced by age or sex. These results suggest that pituitary adenomas at early developmental stage are either avascular or significantly less vascular than... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2732492 Mon, 24 Aug 2009 17:40:34 +0100 2732492 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2732493&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fe32173705480uh32%2F We report the clinical, molecular, and genetic features of a patient with pregnancy-induced CS. A 29-year-old female patient developed CS during multiple pregnancies, leading to repeated miscarriage. Signs and symptoms of hypercortisolism resolved soon after delivery or abortion, only to recur in subsequent pregnancies. In the non-pregnant state, hCG stimulation testing resulted in elevated cortisol levels. Serum cortisol was not suppressible with dexamethasone. The adrenals exhibited bilateral adrenal cortical nodular hyperplasia. Quantitative RT-PCR revealed a 2-fold increase in LHCGR and progesterone receptor mRNA expression and decreased estrogen receptor-beta expression in the patient’s adrenal tissue relative to normal adrenals. Higher intensity of immunostaining for LHCGR wa... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2732493 Mon, 24 Aug 2009 17:40:33 +0100 2732493 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2723781&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F0378k557707v6336%2F In this report, we add a new classic case of amyloid goiter that differs from other reported cases in its association with intrathyroid parathyroid and lymphoepthelial cyst involved with amyloidosis. The presence of parathyroid tissue inside the thyroid parenchyma and surrounded by amyloid material elicited a diagnostic problem due to suspected medullary carcinoma. Careful histological examination and immunohistochemical staining for parathormone and calcitonin have largely helped in the differential diagnosis. Bilaterality, diffuse, and homogeneous involvement of the thyroid gland, with absence of definite masses, all direct the diagnosis toward amyloid goiter. Content Type Journal ArticleDOI 10.1007/s12022-009-9089-8Authors Asmaa G. Abdou, Menofiya University Pathology Departm... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2723781 Thu, 20 Aug 2009 19:27:25 +0100 2723781 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2697948&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fd6360j652860704j%2F Abstract  Our experiment investigated the mRNA expression of intestinal gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), proglucagon (PG), and glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor (GLP-1R) in the jejunum, ileum, and colon of rats fed with high-fat diet and Goto-Kakizaki (GK) rats and revealed the physiological role of intestinal GnRH. We found that the GnRH and PG mRNA levels in high-cholesterol (HCh) diet were higher than in the control. However, the GnRH receptor (GnRHR) and GLP-1R mRNA levels did not differ significantly between HCh and control. The GnRH, PG, and GLP-1R mRNA levels in GK rats were lower, respectively, than those in control rats, while the GnRHR levels did not differ significantly between GK rats and control rats. There were no difference in GnRH, PG, GnRHR, and GLP-1R... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2697948 Tue, 11 Aug 2009 00:10:16 +0100 2697948 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2604359&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fp7260ru4h0551j66%2F Abstract  Paragangliomas may have composite forms in which they combine features of a typical paraganglioma with those of a neural component consisting of either neuroblastoma, ganglioneuroblastoma, or ganglioneuroma. These variants are rare and generally located in the adrenal. Herein, we describe a retroperitoneal, extra-adrenal composite paraganglioma–ganglioneuroma of a 57-year-old woman. Radiological evaluation revealed a nodular mass with apparent pancreatic location, with findings suggestive of an endocrine tumor, yielding the diagnosis of a pancreatic endocrine tumor. At histology the neoplasm, strictly adhering to the external surface of the pancreatic gland but well demarcated, displayed a main central region with typical paraganglioma features and cells arrange... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2604359 Tue, 14 Jul 2009 10:55:33 +0100 2604359 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2461297&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fe187860759331821%2F Abstract  A 36-year-old male with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF-1) presented with symptoms of obstructive jaundice. Imaging showed a periampullary mass, which on endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography biopsy proved to be a somatostatinoma. A Whipple’s procedure was performed and a somatostatinoma of the duodenum was confirmed. In addition, the patient had a gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) of the jejunum with accompanying hyperplasia of interstitial cells of Cajal. The somatostatinoma was histologically characteristic with pseudoglandular and solid patterns together with psammoma bodies and lymphovascular invasion. The GIST did not display mutations in c-kit or platelet-derived growth factor receptor genes. The novel finding in this case was the presence of sev... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2461297 Tue, 02 Jun 2009 08:15:22 +0100 2461297 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2461298&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F6m2v297063477136%2F Abstract  The preventive effect of insulin on latent skin lesions in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats was investigated. Diabetes was induced in 72 male Sprague–Dawley rats, with 36 rats serving as the control group. Half of the diabetic rats were treated with insulin, and the other half were injected with vehicle. Skin tissues were collected 4, 8, and 12 weeks after the initiation of insulin therapy for measurement of glucose, collagen-related fluorescence and advanced glycation end product (AGE) expression, and histological observation. The diabetic rats exhibited changes in skin tissue, including a decrease in thickness, disappearance of the multilayer epithelium structure, degeneration of collagen fibers, and an increase in the infiltration of inflammatory cel... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2461298 Tue, 02 Jun 2009 08:15:21 +0100 2461298 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2432986&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F52435364014710w4%2F We report an interesting morphological alteration in the adrenal of a 72-year-old woman suffering from severe hypertension due to primary hyperaldosteronism. The laparoscopic left adrenalectomy specimen revealed an adrenal cortical adenoma composed of varying proportions of oncocytic and clear cells, predominantly showing central oncocytic change. Oncocytes also exhibited numerous eosinophilic intracytoplasmic globular inclusions, which are not commonly observed in aldosterone-producing adrenal cortical adenomas. Ultrastructural study revealed that the inclusions originated in degenerating mitochondria, explaining their association with the oncocytic phenotype of the tumor. Content Type Journal ArticleDOI 10.1007/s12022-009-9082-2Authors Ozgur Mete, University Health Network Depa... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2432986 Fri, 22 May 2009 05:52:56 +0100 2432986 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2420168&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fp2410l6338810q0k%2F This study also points to a possible common biological relationship between FC and FVPC that requires further investigation. Content Type Journal ArticleDOI 10.1007/s12022-009-9079-xAuthors Magdalena Slosar, University of Massachusetts Medical School, UMassMemorial Medical Center Department of Pathology Three Biotech, One Innovation Drive Worcester MA 01605 USAPoonam Vohra, University of Massachusetts Medical School, UMassMemorial Medical Center Department of Pathology Three Biotech, One Innovation Drive Worcester MA 01605 USAManju Prasad, University of Massachusetts Medical School, UMassMemorial Medical Center Department of Pathology Three Biotech, One Innovation Drive Worcester MA 01605 USAAndrew Fischer, University of Massachusetts Medical School, UMassMemorial Medical Center Depa... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2420168 Sat, 16 May 2009 05:38:03 +0100 2420168 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2420169&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fmt1v773514801603%2F We report here an IPT showing a predominantly fibrohistiocytic proliferation that occurred in a 75-year-old Japanese woman. Histologically, the lesion was characterized by haphazardly arranged spindle cells, histiocytes having foamy cytoplasm containing intracytoplasmic brown pigments, and small lymphocytes. Immunohistochemical study demonstrated that the spindle cells were vimentin+, desmin−, muscle-specific actin+, cytokeratin−, endomysial antibody−, anaplastic lymphoma kinase−, CD34-− CD68+/−, CD99−, cyclin D1−, bcl-2−, and antifollicular dendritic cell antibody−. IPT showing a predominant fibrohistiocytic proliferation should be differentiated from various nonneoplastic or neoplastic disorders showing spindle cell proliferation and/or exuberant fibrosis. They ... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2420169 Fri, 15 May 2009 06:03:03 +0100 2420169 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3098666&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Ft435050700737772%2F Abstract  Percutaneous laser ablation (PLA) is a new method to be used for reducing the volume of symptomatic cold benign thyroid nodules. We aimed to introduce the long-term histopathological effects of PLA procedure in thyroid nodules. A 42-year-old male patient with 18.7-mL nodule volume was transferred a total of 720 J of energy with 3-W power. A 50-year-old female patient with 14.1-mL volume nodule was transferred a total of 3,300 J with 5-W power. A 61-year-old female patient with 49.7-mL volume nodule was transferred a total of 4,200 J with 5-W power. The thyroidectomy materials were examined histopathologically 2 years later. In histopathologic examination, it was observed that the periphery of ablated area was organized with hyalinized connective... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3098666 Wed, 13 May 2009 05:45:47 +0100 3098666 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2420171&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Ft435050700737772%2F Abstract  Percutaneous laser ablation (PLA) is a new method to be used for reducing the volume of symptomatic cold benign thyroid nodules. We aimed to introduce the long-term histopathological effects of PLA procedure in thyroid nodules. A 42-year-old male patient with 18.7-mL nodule volume was transferred a total of 720 J of energy with 3-W power. A 50-year-old female patient with 14.1-mL volume nodule was transferred a total of 3,300 J with 5-W power. A 61-year-old female patient with 49.7-mL volume nodule was transferred a total of 4,200 J with 5-W power. The thyroidectomy materials were examined histopathologically 2 years later. In histopathologic examination, it was observed that the periphery of ablated area was organized with hyalinized connective... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2420171 Wed, 13 May 2009 05:45:47 +0100 2420171 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2420170&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Ft157384r21483151%2F Abstract  The overexpression of Wilms' tumor gene product WT1, which acts as a tumor suppressor or oncogene, has been reported in various malignancies. Recent studies have shown that the interaction partner Wnt-4 is upregulated in pituitary adenomas dependent on the Pit-1 lineage (somatotrophs, lactotrophs, and thyrotrophs). However, no data on WT1 expression in nontumorous pituitary tissue or pituitary adenomas is available to date. We investigated WT1 expression in 90 paraffin-embedded pituitary adenomas, including eight atypical adenomas, and in 28 nontumorous pituitary glands by immunohistochemistry. WT1 is absent in epithelial cells of all nontumorous pituitary glands and in 87 out of 90 pituitary adenomas. Only two GHomas (including one atypical adenoma) and one gonad... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2420170 Wed, 13 May 2009 05:45:47 +0100 2420170 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2401143&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Ft8134w83514m3774%2F We describe a unique case, which has never been reported previously, of MTC associated with TS. The MTC up to today has been associated with other endocrine neoplasia, and TS increases risk of neoplasia in various organs. The case reported shows one more circumstance and suggests thyroid screening in patients with diagnosis of TS. Content Type Journal ArticleDOI 10.1007/s12022-009-9077-zAuthors Palma Dicorato, Sapienza University of Rome Department of Experimental Medicine V.le Regina Elena, 324 Rome 00161 ItalyAnna Calvanese, Sapienza University of Rome Department of Experimental Medicine V.le Regina Elena, 324 Rome 00161 ItalyAmelia Maiuolo, Sapienza University of Rome Department of Surgery “Francesco Durante” Rome ItalyMimma D’Alessandri, Sapienza University of Rome Depart... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2401143 Fri, 08 May 2009 06:09:45 +0100 2401143 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2384915&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fxlvm45705140k314%2F Content Type Journal ArticleDOI 10.1007/s12022-009-9075-1Authors Tetsuo Kondo, University of Yamanashi Department of Pathology 1110, Shimokato, Chuo Yamanashi 409-3898 JapanKaori Kameyama, Keio University School of Medicine Division of Diagnostic Pathology Tokyo JapanTadao Nakazawa, University of Yamanashi Department of Pathology 1110, Shimokato, Chuo Yamanashi 409-3898 JapanToshimichi Fujisawa, Ito Hospital Tokyo JapanEiji Sasaki, Ito Hospital Tokyo JapanMegumi Tamura, Ito Hospital Tokyo JapanTomonori Kawasaki, University of Yamanashi Department of Pathology 1110, Shimokato, Chuo Yamanashi 409-3898 JapanNobuki Nakamura, University of Yamanashi Department of Pathology 1110, Shimokato, Chuo Yamanashi 409-3898 JapanTetsu Yamane, University of Yamanashi Department of Pathology 1110, Shimo... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2384915 Wed, 29 Apr 2009 07:04:46 +0100 2384915 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2384914&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F77n8574x76016626%2F The objective of our study is to examine the role of p18INK4C in the pathogenesis of human pituitary tumors. The protein and mRNA levels of p18INK4C were examined by immunohistochemistry and real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, respectively. The methylation status of the p18INK4C gene promoter and somatic mutations of the p18INK4C gene were also investigated. p18INK4C protein expression was lost or significantly reduced in 64% of pituitary adenomas compared with levels in normal pituitary glands. p18INK4C mRNA levels were low in all ACTH adenomas and non-functioning (NF)-FSH and in 42%, 70% and 66% of GH, PRL, and subtype 3 adenomas, respectively. p18INK4C mRNA levels were significantly associated with p18INK4C protein levels. Neither methylated promoters in pitui... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2384914 Wed, 29 Apr 2009 07:04:46 +0100 2384914 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2367503&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fg4g179812367m367%2F Abstract  Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) exhibits highly aggressive behavior and has a poor prognosis. While numerous investigations have been carried out, the exact mechanism of its carcinogenesis and aggressiveness is still unclear. SCLC is categorized as a neuroendocrine neoplasia and has a genetic profile characterized by universal alterations of the RB and TP53 genes. Epidemiological studies indicate the majority of SCLCs to be caused by smoking and the TP53 mutational pattern to be consistent with that evoked by smoke carcinogens; however, there is no direct evidence that such carcinogens induce alterations to RB in SCLC. While the importance of these alterations in the carcinogenesis of SCLC is strongly suggested, the exact molecular mechanism has been only little eluc... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2367503 Fri, 24 Apr 2009 06:46:49 +0100 2367503 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2358112&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fg2174q405lq32518%2F In conclusion, FNA and FNNA are useful and cost-effective techniques for the pre-operative assessment of patients with thyroid nodules. However, due probably to its minimally invasive procedure, FNNA produces specimens of better quality and reduces inadequate results. For these reasons FNNA should be preferable to FNA for the cytological evaluation of thyroid nodules. Content Type Journal ArticleDOI 10.1007/s12022-009-9074-2Authors Federica Romitelli, Catholic University of Sacred Heart Institute of Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry Largo F. Vito, 1-00168 Rome ItalyEnrico Di Stasio, Catholic University of Sacred Heart Institute of Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry Largo F. Vito, 1-00168 Rome ItalyCristina Santoro, Ospedale “S. M. Goretti” Pathological Anatomy O.U. Lat... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2358112 Tue, 21 Apr 2009 04:58:12 +0100 2358112 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2358120&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F725553586nm71171%2F Abstract  The neural crest is a pluripotent population of cells that arises at the junction of the neural tube and the dorsal ectoderm. These highly migratory cells form diverse derivatives including neurons and glia of the sensory, sympathetic, and enteric nervous systems, melanocytes, and the bones, cartilage, and connective tissues of the face. The neural crest has long been associated with the endocrine system, although not always correctly. According to current understanding, neural crest cells give rise to the chromaffin cells of the adrenal medulla, chief cells of the extra-adrenal paraganglia, and thyroid C cells. The endocrine tumors that correspond to these cell types are pheochromocytomas, extra-adrenal paragangliomas, and medullary thyroid carcinomas. Although c... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2358120 Tue, 21 Apr 2009 04:58:10 +0100 2358120 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2344520&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fl121282753887171%2F Abstract   BRAF gene mutations are identified in about 45% of papillary thyroid carcinomas (PTC) and represent the most common genetic event in this tumor. Here, we report a case of PTC, solid variant, with a complex BRAF mutation that involves one nucleotide substitution, C1796T, and a CTT triplet insertion, 1798_1799insCTT, located on the same allele. This mutation leads to the replacement of a threonine with an isoleucine, T599I, and replacement of a valine with an alanine and a leucine, V600delinsAL. This mutation was identified both in the preoperative fine needle aspirate sample and in the surgical specimen after total thyroidectomy. Other rare BRAF mutations in PTC are reviewed. Content Type Journal ArticleDOI 10.1007/s12022-009-9073-3Authors Simion Chiosea, Uni... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2344520 Thu, 16 Apr 2009 05:56:22 +0100 2344520 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2335961&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F467juu1080143008%2F Abstract  Granular cell tumor (GCT) of the thyroid is rare. Before this report, only four cases of thyroid GCT have been reported, none of which presented a cytopathological examination. In this paper, we report the fine needle aspiration cytology and pathological analysis of a thyroid GCT from a 12-year-old girl who presented with a painless neck mass. The tumor cells were single, in syncytial clusters, or pseudofollicles, contained small round, oval, or spindle nuclei, indistinct nucleoli, and a large amount of grayish, granular fragile cytoplasm. The background contained granular debris and naked nuclei. A differential diagnosis of thyroid GCT with more frequent thyroid lesions containing cytoplasmic granules, including Hurthle cells, macrophages, follicular cells, and c... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2335961 Wed, 08 Apr 2009 08:17:20 +0100 2335961 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2335962&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fk1g276167k8hr426%2F Abstract  MicroRNAs (miRNAs) constitute a recently identified class of small endogenous noncoding RNAs that act as negative regulators of the protein-coding gene expression and may impact cell differentiation, proliferation and survival, i.e., all fundamental cellular processes implicated in carcinogenesis. miRNA expression is deregulated in many types of human cancers, including thyroid cancer. The purpose of this review is to summarize the existing findings of miRNA deregulation in thyroid tumors and its potential role in thyroid cancer biology and molecular diagnostics. Content Type Journal ArticleDOI 10.1007/s12022-009-9069-zAuthors Marina N. Nikiforova, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine Department of Pathology 200 Lothrop Street Pittsburgh PA 15213 USASimo... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2335962 Wed, 08 Apr 2009 08:17:19 +0100 2335962 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2315169&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F2192l1m070555g96%2F Abstract  A 24-year-old man presented to our center with a huge goiter compressing his airway. He had a previous diagnosis of Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) of the lung. Core needle biopsy was consistent with histiocytosis. Thyroidectomy was performed. A very invasive mass was encountered at the time of surgery. Histopathology result was consistent with an invasive papillary cancer of thyroid co-occurring with LCH. Although association of LCH with different malignancies has been reported, co-existing invasive papillary thyroid cancer and LCH is a rare combination. Content Type Journal ArticleDOI 10.1007/s12022-009-9068-0Authors Hamid Reza Jamaati, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Department of Internal Medicine, National Research Institute of Tuberculo... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2315169 Wed, 01 Apr 2009 06:03:48 +0100 2315169 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2290955&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F95h034127u107567%2F Abstract  Ectopic secretion of growth hormone-releasing-hormone (GHRH) is a rare cause of acromegaly—representing less than 1% of patients. A 25-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital with acromegaly and a 6 × 6 cm infrahepatic mass. Sellar magnetic resonance imaging indicated diffuse pituitary enlargement consistent with hyperplasia. The infrahepatic mass was resected, and the histopathological diagnosis was a well-differentiated invasive neuroendocrine carcinoma of the duodenum with metastases to local lymph nodes. The tumor cells contained cytoplasmic immunoreactivity for GHRH. Because increased IGF-1 concentrations persisted after the operation, the patient was treated with octreotide long-acting repeatable (LAR) injections of 20 mg/month. Growth ho... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2290955 Fri, 20 Mar 2009 11:49:44 +0100 2290955 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2241381&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Ff402w0341257p11w%2F We report a case of a 36-year-old Hispanic woman with a soft mass measuring about 30 mm in the right thyroid lobe. Patient was operated on and the neoplasm showed microscopically a typical nesting organoid pattern (zellballen). The inmunohistochemical analysis revealed that the tumor showed strongly and diffuse stain for NSE, Synaptophysin, Chromogranin A, and S-100 protein in the sustentacular cells, whereas no inmunoreactivity was detected with antibodies against thyroglobulin, calcitonin, TTF-1, CEA, and AE1-AE3. The MIB-1 labeling showed 7% of neoplastic cells. Head and neck paragangliomas usually develop slowly, and this tumor exhibited a low proliferative activity. In view of the uncertain malignant potential of paragangliomas, we recommended a careful long-term follow-up.... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2241381 Wed, 04 Mar 2009 11:31:17 +0100 2241381 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2216984&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F2328123115256008%2F Abstract  Collision tumors of the sella turcica are rare and consist mainly of more than one type of pituitary adenoma, usually a corticotropin- and a prolactin-producing adenoma. The association of a craniopharyngioma and a pituitary adenoma is rare. Herein, we report the first case of an association between craniopharyngioma and silent pituitary adenoma subtype 3. It involved a 12-year-old boy who underwent a frontal craniotomy with surgical removal of a calcified sellar tumor. Histology revealed an adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma; however, by electron microscopy, there was conclusive evidence of adenoma cells showing the ultrastructural features of silent pituitary adenoma subtype 3. Endocrine and neuroimaging as well as detailed immunohistochemical and ultrastructural... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2216984 Tue, 24 Feb 2009 09:13:33 +0100 2216984 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2205355&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fcmh08w001ng05lq1%2F We report the case of a 62-year-old man with headache and left sixth cranial nerve palsy. A computerized tomography scan revealed an osteolytic process involving the sella turcica and clivus. A partial tumor resection was achieved via an endoscopic transsphenoidal approach. Morphologic investigation revealed a diffuse large B cell lymphoma involving pituitary parenchyma. No systemic disease was found upon staging. Primary pituitary lymphoma is extremely rare. An accurate histologic diagnosis is key to successful treatment and a favorable prognosis. The literature is reviewed. Content Type Journal ArticleDOI 10.1007/s12022-009-9062-6Authors Olga Moshkin, St. Michael’s Hospital Department of Laboratory Medicine 30 Bond Street, 2 Cardinal Carter Wing Toronto Ontario M5B 1W8 CanadaP... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2205355 Fri, 20 Feb 2009 06:56:53 +0100 2205355 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2200889&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F2534532x77728168%2F We report the case of a 28-year-old man with a SFT of the sella turcica mimicking a pituitary nonfunctioning macroadenoma. He presented with optic nerve compression caused by a heterogeneous tumor located in the sellar and suprasellar area. At surgery, the tumor was hard and infiltrated the sellar diaphragm, so that resection resulted in a cerebrospinal fluid fistula. His postoperative course was also complicated by complete central diabetes insipidus, hypopituitarism, and two episodes of meningitis. After surgical resection, the diagnosis of SFT was reached on the basis of histological and immunohistochemical studies. He was discharged after 49 days. Ten months after surgery, he was clinically well, and magnetic resonance images showed no evidence of residual or recurrent tumor... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2200889 Wed, 18 Feb 2009 07:58:08 +0100 2200889 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2188212&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F755573632063327r%2F Abstract  Keratins are intermediate filaments that provide mechanical support and fulfill a variety of additional functions in epithelial cells. Keratins show outstanding degree of molecular diversity. In humans, 54 functional keratin genes exist. Twenty common types of keratins are expressed in highly specific patterns related to epithelial type and stage of cellular differentiation. In general, keratins are classified as high-molecular-weight keratins (expressed in normal stratified epithelium and tumors derived from it) and low-molecular-weight keratins (expressed in normal simple epithelium and tumors derived from it). Histologically, endocrine organs belong to simple epithelium; thus, endocrine tissues usually express low-molecular-weight keratins. When an endocrine or... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2188212 Fri, 13 Feb 2009 08:06:01 +0100 2188212 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2188213&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fx67k544134337363%2F Abstract  Chimerism in an individual refers to the coexistence of cells arising from two distinct organisms. It can arise iatrogenically via transplant or blood transfusion, and physiologically via twin to twin transfer, or from trafficking between mother and fetus during pregnancy. Many of the diseases associated with microchimerism affect the endocrine system (e.g., autoimmune thyroid disease and diabetes mellitus type 1). Microchimerism is relevant to endocrine pathology because (a) it is associated with pregnancy, a condition of complex endocrine physiology; (b) materno-fetal and feto-maternal cellular migration must involve the placenta, itself an endocrine organ; and (c) in some species, chimerism results in states of intersexuality, a condition intimately involved with... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2188213 Fri, 13 Feb 2009 08:06:00 +0100 2188213 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2183030&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fw4hq707426323431%2F We report an adolescent girl diagnosed to have MEN1 following presentation with multiple collagenomas. Histological evaluation of her cutaneous lesions revealed >70 collagenomas. Hormonal evaluation included calcium, phosphate, and parathormone measurements. Exons 2–10 of the MEN1 gene and flanking intron–exon borders were sequenced and revealed a novel nonsense mutation, Y222X. Following the identification of the cutaneous lesions as collagenomas by the pathologist, the patient was referred for an endocrine evaluation which revealed asymptomatic primary hyperparathyroidism. The patient elected to have surgery at which time she was found to have parathyroid hyperplasia. This case emphasizes the usefulness of cutaneous findings for the diagnosis and management of MEN1. Conten... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2183030 Wed, 11 Feb 2009 07:25:47 +0100 2183030 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2173406&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fn3174745n2g5wn27%2F We report a case of APA discovered in a 32-year-old pregnant woman who visited our hospital for hypertension and hypokalemia at 26 weeks gestation. Elevated plasma aldosterone concentration and hypokalemia were observed, and an magnetic resonance imaging scan demonstrated a right adrenal mass. A laparoscopic adrenalectomy was performed because of refractory hypokalemia. Pathologically, the adrenal mass was diagnosed as APA, and in addition to the cytological features, in situ hybridization and real-time polymerase chain reaction proved that all the component cells were ZG-type cells. The cells also showed estrogen receptor β immunoreactivity and melanocortin 2 receptor mRNA expression, suggesting that estrogen and/or ACTH might be related to the proliferation of APA cells durin... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2173406 Sat, 07 Feb 2009 10:05:05 +0100 2173406 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2147770&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fd848076j73t66082%2F Abstract  Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a rare neoplasm but some of the cases are highly malignant. Clinical outcome of the patients with advanced ACC still remained poor or dismal despite recent development of aggressive antitumor therapies. Target-specific therapies have been developed in a number of human malignancies and resulted in therapeutic benefits in some cancer patients. However, these therapies are only effective in the cases in which corresponding targets are expressed in tumor tissues. Therefore, we evaluated expression of potential surrogate markers using immunohistochemistry in archival materials of adrenocortical carcinoma in order to explore the potential application of target specific therapies in ACC in this study. We immunolocalized ten established ... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2147770 Thu, 29 Jan 2009 11:16:01 +0100 2147770 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2141577&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fj6166q5r01251555%2F Abstract  The present study reports the case of a 70-year-old Caucasian man who was referred to the Military Hospital of Buenos Aires for evaluation of a giant sellar-extrasellar mass with extension in the right temporal lobe and compression of the third ventricle. Patient was initially responsive to cabergoline with reduction of prolactin levels and shrinkage of tumor burden for at least 36 months. Thereafter, prolactin levels and tumor size increased even though cabergoline dosage was increased. Transcraneal surgery was performed at 56 months of treatment. Prolactin levels and tumor proliferation did not subside and the patient died 14 months later. High GH and IGF-I levels were observed in the late stages of tumor development, with no evidence of acromegal... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2141577 Tue, 27 Jan 2009 07:43:41 +0100 2141577 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2056288&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fm6p23151h8206q47%2F Abstract  Poorly differentiated neuroendocrine carcinomas (PDNECs) of the kidney are extremely rare high-grade cancers accounting for only 42 cases reported in the literature. In this paper, we describe the morphological, immunohistochemical, ultrastructural, and for the first time, cytogenetic features of a renal PDNEC. In addition, we have reviewed the literature and compared the published clinicopathological data with our morphological and genetic results. The tumor arose within the kidney parenchyma and showed the typical histological features of a pure small cell PDNEC. Fluorescence in situ hybridization study demonstrated a complex chromosomal assessment indicative of a high degree of chromosome instability with gain of multiple chromosomes, loss of p53, and amplifica... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2056288 Fri, 19 Dec 2008 08:33:32 +0100 2056288 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2053123&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F2q5860x481741m6m%2F Abstract  Peliosis is characterised by multiple blood-filled lakes or cavities within parenchymatous organs. Typically found in the liver, spleen, bone marrow and lymph nodes, it has also been described in other organs such as lungs, kidneys, parathyroids and pancreas. The mechanism responsible for the development of peliosis remains unknown. (1) A 69 year-old man with a 6-year history of acromegaly underwent transsphenoidal surgery for pituitary adenoma. Morphologic findings demonstrated a plurimorphous plurihormonal pituitary adenoma consisting of somatotrophs, lactotrophs and mammosomatotrophs. The tumor contained several blood-filled cavities characteristic of peliosis. (2) A 61-year-old man with a prolactin-producing pituitary adenoma who underwent transsphenoidal... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2053123 Wed, 17 Dec 2008 08:48:50 +0100 2053123 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2053122&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fj286w22880m57108%2F Abstract  The adrenal gland is not a common specimen in surgical pathology practice as, until recently, adrenal tumors were recognized in life only if associated with hypersecretion of hormones or evidence of malignancy. However, adrenal nodules are not uncommon at autopsy, and the number of these found in life is now increasing as they are identified when the abdomen is scanned for the investigation of other diseases using computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging. It is therefore becoming increasingly important for the surgical pathologist to be aware of the range of pathology in the gland and to understand how to approach the specimens. This short review will deal with lesions of the adrenal cortex. Content Type Journal ArticleDOI 10.1007/s12022-008-9055-xAutho... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2053122 Wed, 17 Dec 2008 08:48:50 +0100 2053122 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3098667&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Ff712w855pr370725%2F Molecular Detection of PPARγ Rearrangements and Thyroid Carcinoma in Preoperative Fine-Needle Aspiration Biopsies Content Type Journal ArticleCategory ErratumDOI 10.1007/s12022-008-9053-zAuthors Christopher A. French, Harvard Medical School Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital Boston MA USAJonathan A. Fletcher, Harvard Medical School Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital Boston MA USAEdmund S. Cibas, Harvard Medical School Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital Boston MA USAChristopher Caulfield, Emory University School of Medicine Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Atlanta GA USAPaulette Allard, Emory University School of Medicine Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Atlanta GA USATodd G. Kroll, Universit... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3098667 Tue, 16 Dec 2008 08:03:50 +0100 3098667 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2047575&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Ff712w855pr370725%2F Content Type Journal ArticleCategory ErratumDOI 10.1007/s12022-008-9053-zAuthors Christopher A. French, Harvard Medical School Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital Boston MA USAJonathan A. Fletcher, Harvard Medical School Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital Boston MA USAEdmund S. Cibas, Harvard Medical School Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital Boston MA USAChristopher Caulfield, Emory University School of Medicine Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Atlanta GA USAPaulette Allard, Emory University School of Medicine Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Atlanta GA USATodd G. Kroll, University of Chicago Cancer Research Center, University of Chicago School of Medicine Department of Pathology Chicago IL USA ... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2047575 Tue, 16 Dec 2008 08:03:50 +0100 2047575 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2018080&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F4m8u018250k4h636%2F Abstract  Parathyroid neoplasms encompass a spectrum of proliferative lesions that include adenomas, atypical adenomas, and carcinomas. While the diagnosis of adenomas is usually straightforward, parathyroid carcinomas (PTCAs) often present considerable diagnostic challenges. Fibrosis and mitotic activity are common in PTCAs, but these features are not specific for malignancy. An unequivocal diagnosis of PTCA should be restricted to those tumors that invade adjacent soft tissues, thyroid gland, blood vessels, or perineural spaces or to those cases with documented metastases. Atypical adenomas include those tumors that share some of the features of PTCA but lack evidence of invasive growth. A variety of genetic abnormalities, including HRPT2 mutations, occur in PTCAs. Mutati... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2018080 Fri, 05 Dec 2008 09:17:24 +0100 2018080 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2011496&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fl1113261v41507j1%2F In this study, immunohistochemical analysis of the resected tumors were performed to evaluate the expression of 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 (11βHSD2) and glucocorticoid receptor (GR) in pituitary tissues obtained from two SCD (macroadenomas), eight Cushing’s disease (CD) (microadenomas), nine acromegaly, and nine normal pituitary (NP). Scattered 11βHSD2-immunopositive cells were detected in all NP tissues, but its immunoreactivity was totally absent in any tumorous tissues except two CD. Scattered GR-immunopositive cells were also detected and GR immunostaining was restricted to the cytosol in NP tissue. In contrast, GR-immunopositive cells were abundantly present and GR immunostaining was restricted to the nucleus in all the tumorous tissues. There were marked diffe... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2011496 Tue, 02 Dec 2008 07:33:26 +0100 2011496 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1999294&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fnk718790u76l5403%2F Abstract  Most intraspinal neoplasms of epithelial origin are metastases from primary carcinomas. Benign epithelial tumors are rarely found at this site. We here present the case of a 44-year-old woman with a lesion in the cauda equina that fulfilled the radiologic criteria of schwannoma and caused clinical symptoms for 3 years. The excised tumor was composed of nests of large polygonal cells with eosinophilic partial granular cytoplasm. Significant atypia, necrosis, and mitosis were absent from this lesion. The tumor showed diffuse positivity for melan-A, synaptophysin, and alpha-inhibin. Steroidogenic factor 1 and cytokeratins 8 and 18 were focally seen in the absence of S-100 and chromogranin. This immunoprofile indicated adrenocortical origin. Ultrastructural exami... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1999294 Fri, 28 Nov 2008 13:55:46 +0100 1999294 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1999295&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Ft1303p17731283xt%2F Abstract  Hyperparathyroidism and/or parathyroid hyperplasia, medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC), and pheochromocytomas compose the hallmarks of the multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2A (MEN 2A) syndrome. Revisiting a report in 1939 of a patient with hyperparathyroidism and parathyroid hyperplasia led to a search for evidence of MEN 2A. From medical records and discussion with family members, longitudinal follow-up of the patient and her descendants was obtained. Molecular diagnostics were integrated in the care of subsequent generations. The literature on hyperparathyroidism and MEN 2A was reviewed. Children of the proband exhibited all components of MEN 2A and the RET mutation of 634 TGC>CGC. The pedigree was typical for this mutation. Papers on anthropologic studies de... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1999295 Wed, 26 Nov 2008 19:05:53 +0100 1999295 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1996732&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F97320578q4075218%2F Abstract  The Wnt signaling pathway has been implicated in the genesis of numerous human cancers. A member of the Wnt family of genes, Wnt4, has been known to regulate proliferation of anterior pituitary cell types in the mouse during embryonic development. In order to elucidate the roles of Wnt signaling in human pituitary adenomas, we examined the expression of Wnt4 and its putative receptor Frizzled6 (Fzd6) by immunohistochemistry in pituitary adenomas and normal pituitaries. Expression of Wnt4 was higher in growth hormone-producing adenomas (GHomas), prolactin-producing adenomas (PRLomas), and thyroid-stimulating hormone-producing adenomas (TSHomas) than in the normal pituitary. Fzd6 was widely expressed in GHomas, PRLomas, TSHomas, and gonadotropin subunit (GnSU)-posit... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1996732 Wed, 26 Nov 2008 19:05:52 +0100 1996732 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1947446&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F3583045782r14wu3%2F Content Type Journal ArticleCategory EditorialDOI 10.1007/s12022-008-9047-xAuthors Arthur S. Tischler, Tufts Medical Center Department of Pathology Boston MA 02111 USA Journal Endocrine PathologyOnline ISSN 1559-0097Print ISSN 1046-3976 (Source: Endocrine Pathology) Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1947446 Sun, 09 Nov 2008 10:09:59 +0100 1947446 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1924687&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F341384k223qp7063%2F Abstract  Adrenal cystic lesions are uncommon and we analyzed clinical and pathologic features of 25 such cases from a single institute over 23 years. There were 16 pseudocysts, eight endothelial cysts, and one epithelial cyst. Seven of eight endothelial cysts were confirmed to be lymphangiomatous by D2-40 immunostaining. We suggest that pseudocysts and endothelial cysts may have different histogenesis. The proposed mesothelial origin of adrenal epithelial cyst cannot be confirmed in our example. Seven adrenal pseudocysts were associated with tumor, including two pheochromocytomas, one neuroblastoma, one adrenal cortical carcinoma, one adrenal cortical adenoma, one myelolipoma, and one schwannoma. The distinction of true cystic lesion from cystic neoplasm is important ... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1924687 Thu, 30 Oct 2008 06:56:00 +0100 1924687