MedWorm.com provides a medical RSS filtering service. Over 6000 RSS medical sources are combined and output via different filters. This feed contains the latest items from the 'Endocrine Pathology' source. Sun, 21 Mar 2010 15:53:44 +0100 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3337108&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fm1x366768786800u%2F This study has been carried on to evaluate the role of immunohistochemical markers including galectin-3, Hector Battifora mesothelial cell-1 (HBME-1), and cytokeratin-19 in the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of benign and malignant thyroid lesions. The expressions of galectin-3, HBME-1, and cytokeratin-19 were tested in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues from 458 surgically resected thyroid lesions including non-neoplastic and neoplastic lesions. Immunostaining with standard avidin–biotin complex technique was performed by using monoclonal antibodies. In malignant neoplastic thyroid lesions, galectin-3, HBME-1, and cytokeratin-19 were diffusely expressed in general. Diffuse expression rates of these three markers were 72.3% (47/65), 70.7% (46/65), and 76.9% (50/65), r... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3337108 Wed, 03 Mar 2010 08:07:19 +0100 3337108 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3329326&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F9316880r45p35m30%2F We report here a previously undescribed case of primary pulmonary atypical carcinoid with prominent mucinous stroma, an exceedingly rare variant of carcinoid tumor so far reported only in the thymus. The tumor was discovered in a 50-year-old, non-smoker woman, and pursued an aggressive behavior. The lack of TTF-1 expression and the positive staining with hormonal receptors made the diagnosis very challenging. Differential diagnosis with other primary and metastatic mucin-rich tumors is also discussed. Content Type Journal ArticleDOI 10.1007/s12022-010-9115-xAuthors Nazarena Nannini, Azienda Ospedaliera–Universitaria Policlinico Section of Pathologic Anatomy Via del Pozzo 71-41100 Modena ItalyFederica Bertolini, Azienda Ospedaliera–Universitaria Policlinico Section of Oncolog... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3329326 Tue, 02 Mar 2010 10:07:39 +0100 3329326 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3315706&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F530161638hh10835%2F Abstract  Solitary fibrous tumor was initially thought to be a pleura-based tumor. However, over the last two decades, its involvement in a variety of extrapleural sites gained recognition. Nonetheless, a primary involvement of the endocrine organs is rare, and in this report, we detail an instance where the tumor affected the adrenal gland of a 71-year-old Arab man. On histology, besides the typical morphologic features seen in solitary fibrous tumor, the neoplasm also exhibited unusual features on immunohistochemistry such as positive staining for cytokeratin AE1/3 and calponin in conjunction with diffuse expression for S-100. The genetic tests for t(X:18) as seen in synovial sarcoma were negative, and the overall histological appearance favored a diagnosis of solitary fi... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3315706 Fri, 26 Feb 2010 09:44:16 +0100 3315706 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3315707&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F5w682p7312644722%2F Abstract  PI3K/Akt signaling pathway plays critical role in many cell processes. There is indication that enhanced activation of PI3K/Akt cascade is implicated in thyroid tumors. Aim of this study was to evaluate the mutational status and expression of PI3K/Akt pathway mediators in papillary thyroid carcinoma in Greece. We evaluated the presence of mutations in PIK3CA (exons 9 and 20), AKT1 (exons 6–11), AKT2 (exons 6–11), AKT3 (exons 5–10), PTEN (exons 3–8), and PDPK1 (exons 4–10) genes in 83 papillary thyroid carcinomas by DNA sequencing. The expression levels of phospho-Akt and insulin-like growth factor I receptor (IGF-IR) were evaluated by immunohistochemistry. PIK3CA mutations were found in three samples. The analysis of AKT1 revealed one silent mutation in exo... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3315707 Thu, 25 Feb 2010 17:58:42 +0100 3315707 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3296658&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fk834145227q82p17%2F Content Type Journal ArticleDOI 10.1007/s12022-010-9108-9Authors Pin-Jie Chen, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital Department of Pathology Taichung TaiwanJeng-Dong Hsu, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital Department of Pathology Taichung TaiwanChih-Ping Han, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Taichung Taiwan Journal Endocrine PathologyOnline ISSN 1559-0097Print ISSN 1046-3976 (Source: Endocrine Pathology) Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3296658 Sat, 20 Feb 2010 06:57:35 +0100 3296658 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3296659&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fbj77rx8827j5lg23%2F Content Type Journal ArticleCategory AbstractDOI 10.1007/s12022-010-9109-8Authors Toshiaki Sano, University of Tokushima Department of Human Pathology, Institute of Health Bioscience Tokushima Japan Journal Endocrine PathologyOnline ISSN 1559-0097Print ISSN 1046-3976 (Source: Endocrine Pathology) Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3296659 Sat, 20 Feb 2010 06:57:34 +0100 3296659 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3296660&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Ft585k7q36x2020p0%2F Content Type Journal ArticleDOI 10.1007/s12022-010-9111-1Authors Peiguo G. Chu, City of Hope National Medical Center Department of Pathology Duarte CA USASean K. Lau, City of Hope National Medical Center Department of Pathology Duarte CA USALawrence M. Weiss, City of Hope National Medical Center Department of Pathology Duarte CA USA Journal Endocrine PathologyOnline ISSN 1559-0097Print ISSN 1046-3976 (Source: Endocrine Pathology) Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3296660 Sat, 20 Feb 2010 06:57:33 +0100 3296660 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3296661&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fa153672267216158%2F Abstract  Tall cell variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma is an aggressive form of thyroid cancer with a significant mortality. This review describes the pathology of this variant, compares it to its pathologic mimics and discusses its clinical pathologic features. The literature on this tumor is reviewed. A brief discussion of molecular pathologic correlates is included. Content Type Journal ArticleDOI 10.1007/s12022-010-9106-yAuthors Virginia A. LiVolsi, University of Pennsylvania Health System Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine 3400 Spruce Street Philadelphia PA 19104 USA Journal Endocrine PathologyOnline ISSN 1559-0097Print ISSN 1046-3976 (Source: Endocrine Pathology) Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3296661 Sat, 20 Feb 2010 06:57:32 +0100 3296661 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3296662&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F9766756q51430573%2F Abstract  Atypical adenoma has an aggressive biological character, invades the surrounding structures, and grows rapidly. Morphological malignant findings such as increasing cellularity and nuclear atypism are not involved in this entity, but some cases with overt malignant features such as significant nuclear atypism and/or necrosis are known. Null cell adenoma generally grows slowly, but hormone secretion is little understood. Atypical null cell adenoma is rare, and hormone production is unknown. A 55-year-old woman presented with severe hypopituitarism and diabetes insipidus and bilateral upper temporal quadrantanopsia. Head magnetic resonance imaging revealed a large sellar tumor compressing the optic chiasm. Transsphenoidal surgery was performed, but the tumor was part... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3296662 Sat, 20 Feb 2010 06:57:31 +0100 3296662 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3296663&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F14px23l5121238u1%2F Abstract  Pituitary adenomas (PA) occasionally show aggressive behavior, with invasion of the surrounding tissues. The identification of markers able to recognize aggressive PA in early stages remains a challenge. We aimed to determine the expression of a new cell proliferation marker, Mcm2, and the presence of apoptosis in PA, and to evaluate the association of clinicopathological features with the apoptotic and proliferative indices. Additionally, the TGF-β1 expression, an inducer of apoptosis, was determined. The proliferative index was determined in GH-secreting or clinically nonfunctioning PA using immunohistochemical (IH) methods for Mcm2 and Ki-67 antigens. The apoptosis was assessed by the TUNEL method and the TGF-β1 expression by IH. A significant positive correl... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3296663 Sat, 20 Feb 2010 06:57:30 +0100 3296663 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3224224&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fkg51878248208420%2F We report eight cases of unusual chromophobic adenomas. GH-immunoreactivity was detected in most adenoma cells in five cases and scattered in three cases. However, it appeared much weaker than that seen in ordinary GH-producing adenomas because of spotty immunoreactivity. Although intracytoplasmic organelles were well-developed, secretory granules were small and sparse. FB was not identified in any cases. Thyroid-stimulating hormone was positive in four cases. Pit-1 protein was positive in all eight cases. A weak labeling with GH probe was detected in two of two cases examined by in situ hybridization. Acromegalic features were evident in four cases, while mild or absent in four cases. GH levels were below 5 μg/l in four cases and 5–10 μg/l in the remaining cases. Macro... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3224224 Thu, 28 Jan 2010 18:05:09 +0100 3224224 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3169537&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fwt017682h685mp22%2F Abstract  The encapsulated follicular variant of papillary carcinoma has become one of the most common diagnoses in thyroid tumor pathology. However, serious issues remain regarding the reproducibility of the diagnosis, its position in the scheme of thyroid neoplasms, and the clinical implications of the diagnosis. Strict morphologic criteria should be applied to its microscopic recognition, especially in regard to the nuclear features. The generally indolent behavior of this tumor should be recognized in order to avoid overtreatment. Content Type Journal ArticleDOI 10.1007/s12022-009-9103-1Authors Juan Rosai, Centro Diagnostico Italiano International Center for Oncologic Pathology Consultations Via saint Bon 14 20147 Milan Italy Journal Endocrine PathologyOnline ... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3169537 Tue, 12 Jan 2010 06:47:56 +0100 3169537 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3161951&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fg42958u867544044%2F We present herein a giant prolactin-secreting pituitary adenoma in a middle-aged man that had responded partially to dopamine agonist therapy. The excised specimen demonstrated a double adenoma. The prolactin-producing one displayed the expected morphological changes resulting from medical therapy, while the other, a gonadotroph adenoma, did not. The failure of tumor shrinkage can be attributed to the presence of a double adenoma, a previously unreported cause of failure of medical therapy in prolactinoma. Content Type Journal ArticleDOI 10.1007/s12022-009-9104-0Authors Claire I. Coiré, Trillium Health Centre Department of Laboratory Medicine Mississauga ON CanadaHarley S. Smyth, Trillium Health Centre Department of Neurosurgery Mississauga ON CanadaDominic Rosso, Trillium Health ... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3161951 Thu, 07 Jan 2010 22:25:47 +0100 3161951 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3106146&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fe306x20023j72722%2F Abstract  Our understanding of oncocytic change in thyroid nodules is evaluated in light of the recent progress in understanding the mitochondrial DNA, its mutations, and somatic mutations that affect mitochondrial function. These changes are largely unrelated to the genetic events that result in proliferation and neoplastic transformation of thyroid follicular epithelial cells. The criteria for diagnosing lesions that are composed predominantly of oncocytic cells are the same as those applied to follicular lesions that do not contain oncocytic cells, including follicular variant papillary carcinomas, based on nuclear morphology, immunohistochemical profiles, and molecular markers. Content Type Journal ArticleDOI 10.1007/s12022-009-9102-2Authors Ozgur Mete, University H... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3106146 Wed, 16 Dec 2009 07:04:57 +0100 3106146 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3087488&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F617578503t584283%2F Abstract  Dominant nodules within Hashimoto thyroiditis (HT) may present with unique morphological features that overlap with but are not diagnostic of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). Activating BRAF point mutations, RAS aberrations, and RET rearrangements are mutually exclusive events in the oncogenesis of papillary thyroid carcinoma, and RET rearrangements have been previously described in dominant nodules of HT. We identified 28 cases of Hashimoto thyroiditis with a dominant nodule, from 345 consecutive HT thyroidectomies. Screening for BRAF, RET, KRAS, NRAS, and HRAS mutations, as well as RET-PTC1 and RET-PTC3 rearrangements, was performed on paraffin-embedded material from 17 of these dominant nodules. Patients ranged in age from 29 to 76 years and were predominan... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3087488 Sat, 12 Dec 2009 14:21:05 +0100 3087488 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3098665&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fv75431g227067tvj%2F Abstract  Poorly differentiated thyroid carcinoma (PDTC) was originally described in 1983 but included in the WHO classification of thyroid tumours in the 2004 edition, only. The diagnostic problems encountered in the 5 years of application of the WHO criteria are reviewed here. A long debate is still going on about the nature of PDTC, its morphological diagnostic features, its clinical significance and its optimal therapeutic approach. A consensus conference held in Turin in 2006 confirmed the geographical differences among claimed classical forms of PDTC and suggested a diagnostic algorithm based on the presence of a solid/trabecular/insular growth pattern and of high-grade features, in line with the WHO definition of PDTC, capable to select tumours with a distinct a... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3098665 Thu, 03 Dec 2009 18:23:58 +0100 3098665 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3065355&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fv75431g227067tvj%2F Abstract  Poorly differentiated thyroid carcinoma (PDTC) was originally described in 1983 but included in the WHO classification of thyroid tumours in the 2004 edition, only. The diagnostic problems encountered in the 5 years of application of the WHO criteria are reviewed here. A long debate is still going on about the nature of PDTC, its morphological diagnostic features, its clinical significance and its optimal therapeutic approach. A consensus conference held in Turin in 2006 confirmed the geographical differences among claimed classical forms of PDTC and suggested a diagnostic algorithm based on the presence of a solid/trabecular/insular growth pattern and of high-grade features, in line with the WHO definition of PDTC, capable to select tumours with a distinct a... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3065355 Thu, 03 Dec 2009 18:23:58 +0100 3065355 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3065356&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F486706376701qmj4%2F Content Type Journal ArticleCategory ErratumDOI 10.1007/s12022-009-9099-6Authors Michael Herman Chui, University Health Network Department of Pathology 200 Elizabeth Street, 11th Floor Toronto ON Canada M5G 2C4Nese Colak Özbey, Istanbul University Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine 34390 Capa Istanbul TurkeyShereen Ezzat, University Health Network and Mount Sinai Hospital Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology Toronto ON CanadaYersu Kapran, Istanbul University Department of Pathology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine 34390 Capa Istanbul TurkeyYesim Erbil, Istanbul University Department of Surgery, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine 34390 Capa Istanbul TurkeySylvia L. Asa, University Health Network Department of Pathology 200 Eliza... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3065356 Wed, 02 Dec 2009 18:47:56 +0100 3065356 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3016473&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F73t2328622860344%2F We report a case of familial, bilateral cervical paragangliomas (PGs) with lymph node metastasis. Patient I-1 is a 56-year-old man with a right carotid body tumor and a left vagal PG. Patient II-1 is a 29-year-old woman and the daughter of Patient I-1; she had a left carotid body tumor with regional lymph node metastasis. Histology of all the tumors showed the typical pattern of PGs, i.e., a zellballen pattern composed of chief cells positive for chromogranin A, and sustentacular cells positive for S100 protein. The Ki-67 labeling index was 1% to 3% in these PGs in both the primary and the metastatic tumors. Immunohistochemical analysis showed expression of somatostatin receptor (sstr) type 2A, but was negative for sstr type 5. Genomic mutation in succinate dehydrogenase type D was c... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3016473 Thu, 19 Nov 2009 20:07:59 +0100 3016473 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2971614&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fe722347rp065004j%2F We report here a case with RAS mutation detected in a malignant struma ovarii. The patient is a 38-year-old female who had a 2.4 cm ovarian cyst noted incidentally on a first trimester ultrasound. She proceeded to ovarian cystectomy post-delivery, with pathologic examination detecting a papillary thyroid carcinoma, follicular variant, arising in a cystic teratoma. The tumor was tested for BRAF, RAS, and RET/PTC mutations. HRAS codon 61 mutation was identified. This is the first report of RAS mutation detected in the follicular variant of papillary carcinoma arising in a struma ovarii. It provides evidence that tumors developing in this setting involve molecular mechanisms similar to those implicated in tumors developing in the thyroid gland. Content Type Journal ArticleDOI 10.... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2971614 Fri, 06 Nov 2009 19:47:38 +0100 2971614 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2971615&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fw580676003302071%2F Abstract  Insulin-like growth factor II mRNA-binding protein 3 (IMP3) is an oncofetal protein highly expressed in fetal tissue and malignant tumors but rarely found in adult benign tissues. In various tumors, IMP3 expression is correlated with increased tumor aggressiveness and reduced overall survival. To our knowledge, IMP3 expression has not been investigated in pituitary tumors. We analyzed the immunohistochemical expression of IMP3 in five normal pituitary tissues and 75 pituitary tumors (64 adenomas and 11 carcinomas) to determine if specific tumor types expressed IMP3 and if there were differences in IMP3 expression between adenomas and carcinomas. Immunohistochemical analysis showed that IMP3 was positive in four (80%) normal pituitaries with focal stain in a subset... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2971615 Fri, 06 Nov 2009 19:47:37 +0100 2971615 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2874146&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fy8677388750u2233%2F Abstract  Solid cell nests (SCN) associated with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis may show some atypical nuclear features including prominent nuclear grooves, enlarged overlapping nuclei and nuclear clearing. These features are sometimes mistaken for papillary thyroid microcarcinomas especially when the SCN are numerous. We reviewed SCN associated with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis in 12 patients selected from 1,420 archival routinely processed formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded thyroid specimens of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis in which there was more than ten SCN per slide. In addition to the atypical nuclear features, there was a distinct eosinophilic basement membrane surrounding the SCN. Immunohistochemical analysis showed that the SCN were strongly positive for p63, stained weakly fo... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2874146 Wed, 07 Oct 2009 07:20:11 +0100 2874146 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2840815&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fwqx5724u0v177530%2F Abstract  Thyrotropin (thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH))-producing pituitary adenomas have been known to be quite variable in clinical features covering from typical functioning TSH-producing adenomas (FTSHomas) associated with hyperthyroidism to clinically silent TSH cell adenomas (STAs) that are apparently unassociated with hyperthyroidism. It is important to distinguish STAs from other types of clinically non-functioning adenomas for adequate postoperative managements. However, because of rareness of TSH-producing adenomas, their histopathological features linking to the clinical manifestations have not been well characterized. Herein, we investigated clinical and histopathological findings to characterize 29 TSH-producing adenomas including 20 FTSHomas and nine STAs. C... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2840815 Thu, 24 Sep 2009 14:31:36 +0100 2840815 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2811281&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fb28g146605386272%2F Abstract  Intraductal lesions of the pancreas are usually due to intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms and the less common intraductal tubular adenoma. Cases of acinar cell carcinoma within intraductal location have also been encountered recently. Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors are rarely encountered within the main pancreatic duct. A 74-year-old male presented with non-specific abdominal symptoms and was found to have an obstructive lesion in the main pancreatic duct with associated chronic pancreatitis. A distal pancreatectomy was performed which revealed a solid and cystic tumor measuring 6 × 3 × 2 cm situated wholly within the main pancreatic duct. It formed an obstructing intraluminal polypoid lesion that resulted in surrounding chronic pancreatitis. Mi... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2811281 Thu, 17 Sep 2009 23:13:05 +0100 2811281 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2811282&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fu0608m4644170591%2F Abstract  Thyroid nodules can be biopsied by fine needle aspiration (FNA) or fine needle capillary (FNC) biopsies. However, there is controversy on whether one technique is superior to another. In a randomized cytopathologist-blinded cross-sectional study, 260 patients (238 females, age 43.2 ± 12.6) with nodular (82.7%) and diffuse goiter (17.3%) underwent 520 FNAs and 520 FNCs (not guided by ultrasound). Smears were scored for sample adequacy, and diagnosed as malignant, benign, suspicious, or nondiagnostic. Diagnostic accuracy was calculated based on the histological findings of 58 patients submitted to surgery. Intra-technique diagnostic accuracy and sample adequacy was seen in all samples. FNA and FNC provided similar cytological diagnosis, respectively (benign: 75... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2811282 Wed, 16 Sep 2009 18:45:35 +0100 2811282 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2767740&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fu26q52m3v82311m2%2F Abstract  17α-Hydroxylase deficiency (17OHD) is a rare form of congenital adrenal hyperplasia caused by mutations in the CYP17A1 gene. This condition shows considerable clinical and biochemical variation. Molecular characterization of novel mutations in the CYP17A1 gene and detailed study of their structural, enzymatic, and clinical consequences are required to fully understand enzyme behavior. Here, we present the first molecular characterization of two novel mutations in CYP17A1 in a 15-year-old female Mexican mestizo 46,XY female with primary amenorrhea and lack of pubertal development and severe hypertension that manifested only after surgery. A complete clinical and biochemical evaluation was compatible with 17OHD. Structural anomalies in the CYP17A1 gene were discovere... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2767740 Thu, 03 Sep 2009 06:05:58 +0100 2767740 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2736249&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fa171248213v72r8x%2F Abstract  Tumor-to-tumor metastasis in thyroid neoplasms is exceedingly uncommon. Two unusual cases of breast carcinoma and renal cell carcinoma metastatic to follicular variant papillary carcinoma are reported. On histologic sections, the donor tumor cells infiltrated the substance of the recipient tumor and the angiolymphatic channels, but the bulk of metastatic tumor was confined within the thyroid carcinoma. Immunohistochemical stains as well as molecular studies confirmed the origin of both donor tumors, as well as the diagnosis of follicular variant of papillary carcinoma in the recipient tumors. Distinguishing between two such tumor populations may be difficult when the donor tumor cells morphologically resemble primary neoplasms of the recipient organ. A history of ... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2736249 Tue, 25 Aug 2009 17:01:36 +0100 2736249 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2732492&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fn582240551772804%2F Abstract  Microvessel density (MVD) and area (MVA) were assessed in 53 clinically silent pituitary microadenomas and in surrounding normal pituitary tissue using CD34 immunostaining and digital image analysis system. Twenty-one microadenomas (40%) were avascular; in the others, both MVD and MVA were significantly lower than in the normal pituitary tissue. No significant differences in MVD and MVA were found between hormonally immunonegative and immunopositive tumors or between different hormonal subtypes of immunopositive microadenomas. In microadenomas and in normal pituitary tissue, MVD and MVA were not significantly influenced by age or sex. These results suggest that pituitary adenomas at early developmental stage are either avascular or significantly less vascular than... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2732492 Mon, 24 Aug 2009 17:40:34 +0100 2732492 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2732493&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fe32173705480uh32%2F We report the clinical, molecular, and genetic features of a patient with pregnancy-induced CS. A 29-year-old female patient developed CS during multiple pregnancies, leading to repeated miscarriage. Signs and symptoms of hypercortisolism resolved soon after delivery or abortion, only to recur in subsequent pregnancies. In the non-pregnant state, hCG stimulation testing resulted in elevated cortisol levels. Serum cortisol was not suppressible with dexamethasone. The adrenals exhibited bilateral adrenal cortical nodular hyperplasia. Quantitative RT-PCR revealed a 2-fold increase in LHCGR and progesterone receptor mRNA expression and decreased estrogen receptor-beta expression in the patient’s adrenal tissue relative to normal adrenals. Higher intensity of immunostaining for LHCGR wa... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2732493 Mon, 24 Aug 2009 17:40:33 +0100 2732493 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2723781&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F0378k557707v6336%2F In this report, we add a new classic case of amyloid goiter that differs from other reported cases in its association with intrathyroid parathyroid and lymphoepthelial cyst involved with amyloidosis. The presence of parathyroid tissue inside the thyroid parenchyma and surrounded by amyloid material elicited a diagnostic problem due to suspected medullary carcinoma. Careful histological examination and immunohistochemical staining for parathormone and calcitonin have largely helped in the differential diagnosis. Bilaterality, diffuse, and homogeneous involvement of the thyroid gland, with absence of definite masses, all direct the diagnosis toward amyloid goiter. Content Type Journal ArticleDOI 10.1007/s12022-009-9089-8Authors Asmaa G. Abdou, Menofiya University Pathology Departm... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2723781 Thu, 20 Aug 2009 19:27:25 +0100 2723781 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2697948&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fd6360j652860704j%2F Abstract  Our experiment investigated the mRNA expression of intestinal gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), proglucagon (PG), and glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor (GLP-1R) in the jejunum, ileum, and colon of rats fed with high-fat diet and Goto-Kakizaki (GK) rats and revealed the physiological role of intestinal GnRH. We found that the GnRH and PG mRNA levels in high-cholesterol (HCh) diet were higher than in the control. However, the GnRH receptor (GnRHR) and GLP-1R mRNA levels did not differ significantly between HCh and control. The GnRH, PG, and GLP-1R mRNA levels in GK rats were lower, respectively, than those in control rats, while the GnRHR levels did not differ significantly between GK rats and control rats. There were no difference in GnRH, PG, GnRHR, and GLP-1R... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2697948 Tue, 11 Aug 2009 00:10:16 +0100 2697948 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2604359&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fp7260ru4h0551j66%2F Abstract  Paragangliomas may have composite forms in which they combine features of a typical paraganglioma with those of a neural component consisting of either neuroblastoma, ganglioneuroblastoma, or ganglioneuroma. These variants are rare and generally located in the adrenal. Herein, we describe a retroperitoneal, extra-adrenal composite paraganglioma–ganglioneuroma of a 57-year-old woman. Radiological evaluation revealed a nodular mass with apparent pancreatic location, with findings suggestive of an endocrine tumor, yielding the diagnosis of a pancreatic endocrine tumor. At histology the neoplasm, strictly adhering to the external surface of the pancreatic gland but well demarcated, displayed a main central region with typical paraganglioma features and cells arrange... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2604359 Tue, 14 Jul 2009 10:55:33 +0100 2604359 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2461297&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fe187860759331821%2F Abstract  A 36-year-old male with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF-1) presented with symptoms of obstructive jaundice. Imaging showed a periampullary mass, which on endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography biopsy proved to be a somatostatinoma. A Whipple’s procedure was performed and a somatostatinoma of the duodenum was confirmed. In addition, the patient had a gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) of the jejunum with accompanying hyperplasia of interstitial cells of Cajal. The somatostatinoma was histologically characteristic with pseudoglandular and solid patterns together with psammoma bodies and lymphovascular invasion. The GIST did not display mutations in c-kit or platelet-derived growth factor receptor genes. The novel finding in this case was the presence of sev... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2461297 Tue, 02 Jun 2009 08:15:22 +0100 2461297 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2461298&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F6m2v297063477136%2F Abstract  The preventive effect of insulin on latent skin lesions in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats was investigated. Diabetes was induced in 72 male Sprague–Dawley rats, with 36 rats serving as the control group. Half of the diabetic rats were treated with insulin, and the other half were injected with vehicle. Skin tissues were collected 4, 8, and 12 weeks after the initiation of insulin therapy for measurement of glucose, collagen-related fluorescence and advanced glycation end product (AGE) expression, and histological observation. The diabetic rats exhibited changes in skin tissue, including a decrease in thickness, disappearance of the multilayer epithelium structure, degeneration of collagen fibers, and an increase in the infiltration of inflammatory cel... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2461298 Tue, 02 Jun 2009 08:15:21 +0100 2461298 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2432986&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F52435364014710w4%2F We report an interesting morphological alteration in the adrenal of a 72-year-old woman suffering from severe hypertension due to primary hyperaldosteronism. The laparoscopic left adrenalectomy specimen revealed an adrenal cortical adenoma composed of varying proportions of oncocytic and clear cells, predominantly showing central oncocytic change. Oncocytes also exhibited numerous eosinophilic intracytoplasmic globular inclusions, which are not commonly observed in aldosterone-producing adrenal cortical adenomas. Ultrastructural study revealed that the inclusions originated in degenerating mitochondria, explaining their association with the oncocytic phenotype of the tumor. Content Type Journal ArticleDOI 10.1007/s12022-009-9082-2Authors Ozgur Mete, University Health Network Depa... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2432986 Fri, 22 May 2009 05:52:56 +0100 2432986 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2420168&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fp2410l6338810q0k%2F This study also points to a possible common biological relationship between FC and FVPC that requires further investigation. Content Type Journal ArticleDOI 10.1007/s12022-009-9079-xAuthors Magdalena Slosar, University of Massachusetts Medical School, UMassMemorial Medical Center Department of Pathology Three Biotech, One Innovation Drive Worcester MA 01605 USAPoonam Vohra, University of Massachusetts Medical School, UMassMemorial Medical Center Department of Pathology Three Biotech, One Innovation Drive Worcester MA 01605 USAManju Prasad, University of Massachusetts Medical School, UMassMemorial Medical Center Department of Pathology Three Biotech, One Innovation Drive Worcester MA 01605 USAAndrew Fischer, University of Massachusetts Medical School, UMassMemorial Medical Center Depa... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2420168 Sat, 16 May 2009 05:38:03 +0100 2420168 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2420169&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fmt1v773514801603%2F We report here an IPT showing a predominantly fibrohistiocytic proliferation that occurred in a 75-year-old Japanese woman. Histologically, the lesion was characterized by haphazardly arranged spindle cells, histiocytes having foamy cytoplasm containing intracytoplasmic brown pigments, and small lymphocytes. Immunohistochemical study demonstrated that the spindle cells were vimentin+, desmin−, muscle-specific actin+, cytokeratin−, endomysial antibody−, anaplastic lymphoma kinase−, CD34-− CD68+/−, CD99−, cyclin D1−, bcl-2−, and antifollicular dendritic cell antibody−. IPT showing a predominant fibrohistiocytic proliferation should be differentiated from various nonneoplastic or neoplastic disorders showing spindle cell proliferation and/or exuberant fibrosis. They ... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2420169 Fri, 15 May 2009 06:03:03 +0100 2420169 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3098666&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Ft435050700737772%2F Abstract  Percutaneous laser ablation (PLA) is a new method to be used for reducing the volume of symptomatic cold benign thyroid nodules. We aimed to introduce the long-term histopathological effects of PLA procedure in thyroid nodules. A 42-year-old male patient with 18.7-mL nodule volume was transferred a total of 720 J of energy with 3-W power. A 50-year-old female patient with 14.1-mL volume nodule was transferred a total of 3,300 J with 5-W power. A 61-year-old female patient with 49.7-mL volume nodule was transferred a total of 4,200 J with 5-W power. The thyroidectomy materials were examined histopathologically 2 years later. In histopathologic examination, it was observed that the periphery of ablated area was organized with hyalinized connective... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3098666 Wed, 13 May 2009 05:45:47 +0100 3098666 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2420171&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Ft435050700737772%2F Abstract  Percutaneous laser ablation (PLA) is a new method to be used for reducing the volume of symptomatic cold benign thyroid nodules. We aimed to introduce the long-term histopathological effects of PLA procedure in thyroid nodules. A 42-year-old male patient with 18.7-mL nodule volume was transferred a total of 720 J of energy with 3-W power. A 50-year-old female patient with 14.1-mL volume nodule was transferred a total of 3,300 J with 5-W power. A 61-year-old female patient with 49.7-mL volume nodule was transferred a total of 4,200 J with 5-W power. The thyroidectomy materials were examined histopathologically 2 years later. In histopathologic examination, it was observed that the periphery of ablated area was organized with hyalinized connective... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2420171 Wed, 13 May 2009 05:45:47 +0100 2420171 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2420170&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Ft157384r21483151%2F Abstract  The overexpression of Wilms' tumor gene product WT1, which acts as a tumor suppressor or oncogene, has been reported in various malignancies. Recent studies have shown that the interaction partner Wnt-4 is upregulated in pituitary adenomas dependent on the Pit-1 lineage (somatotrophs, lactotrophs, and thyrotrophs). However, no data on WT1 expression in nontumorous pituitary tissue or pituitary adenomas is available to date. We investigated WT1 expression in 90 paraffin-embedded pituitary adenomas, including eight atypical adenomas, and in 28 nontumorous pituitary glands by immunohistochemistry. WT1 is absent in epithelial cells of all nontumorous pituitary glands and in 87 out of 90 pituitary adenomas. Only two GHomas (including one atypical adenoma) and one gonad... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2420170 Wed, 13 May 2009 05:45:47 +0100 2420170 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2401143&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Ft8134w83514m3774%2F We describe a unique case, which has never been reported previously, of MTC associated with TS. The MTC up to today has been associated with other endocrine neoplasia, and TS increases risk of neoplasia in various organs. The case reported shows one more circumstance and suggests thyroid screening in patients with diagnosis of TS. Content Type Journal ArticleDOI 10.1007/s12022-009-9077-zAuthors Palma Dicorato, Sapienza University of Rome Department of Experimental Medicine V.le Regina Elena, 324 Rome 00161 ItalyAnna Calvanese, Sapienza University of Rome Department of Experimental Medicine V.le Regina Elena, 324 Rome 00161 ItalyAmelia Maiuolo, Sapienza University of Rome Department of Surgery “Francesco Durante” Rome ItalyMimma D’Alessandri, Sapienza University of Rome Depart... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2401143 Fri, 08 May 2009 06:09:45 +0100 2401143 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2384915&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fxlvm45705140k314%2F Content Type Journal ArticleDOI 10.1007/s12022-009-9075-1Authors Tetsuo Kondo, University of Yamanashi Department of Pathology 1110, Shimokato, Chuo Yamanashi 409-3898 JapanKaori Kameyama, Keio University School of Medicine Division of Diagnostic Pathology Tokyo JapanTadao Nakazawa, University of Yamanashi Department of Pathology 1110, Shimokato, Chuo Yamanashi 409-3898 JapanToshimichi Fujisawa, Ito Hospital Tokyo JapanEiji Sasaki, Ito Hospital Tokyo JapanMegumi Tamura, Ito Hospital Tokyo JapanTomonori Kawasaki, University of Yamanashi Department of Pathology 1110, Shimokato, Chuo Yamanashi 409-3898 JapanNobuki Nakamura, University of Yamanashi Department of Pathology 1110, Shimokato, Chuo Yamanashi 409-3898 JapanTetsu Yamane, University of Yamanashi Department of Pathology 1110, Shimo... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2384915 Wed, 29 Apr 2009 07:04:46 +0100 2384915 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2384914&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F77n8574x76016626%2F The objective of our study is to examine the role of p18INK4C in the pathogenesis of human pituitary tumors. The protein and mRNA levels of p18INK4C were examined by immunohistochemistry and real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, respectively. The methylation status of the p18INK4C gene promoter and somatic mutations of the p18INK4C gene were also investigated. p18INK4C protein expression was lost or significantly reduced in 64% of pituitary adenomas compared with levels in normal pituitary glands. p18INK4C mRNA levels were low in all ACTH adenomas and non-functioning (NF)-FSH and in 42%, 70% and 66% of GH, PRL, and subtype 3 adenomas, respectively. p18INK4C mRNA levels were significantly associated with p18INK4C protein levels. Neither methylated promoters in pitui... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2384914 Wed, 29 Apr 2009 07:04:46 +0100 2384914 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2367503&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fg4g179812367m367%2F Abstract  Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) exhibits highly aggressive behavior and has a poor prognosis. While numerous investigations have been carried out, the exact mechanism of its carcinogenesis and aggressiveness is still unclear. SCLC is categorized as a neuroendocrine neoplasia and has a genetic profile characterized by universal alterations of the RB and TP53 genes. Epidemiological studies indicate the majority of SCLCs to be caused by smoking and the TP53 mutational pattern to be consistent with that evoked by smoke carcinogens; however, there is no direct evidence that such carcinogens induce alterations to RB in SCLC. While the importance of these alterations in the carcinogenesis of SCLC is strongly suggested, the exact molecular mechanism has been only little eluc... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2367503 Fri, 24 Apr 2009 06:46:49 +0100 2367503 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2358112&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fg2174q405lq32518%2F In conclusion, FNA and FNNA are useful and cost-effective techniques for the pre-operative assessment of patients with thyroid nodules. However, due probably to its minimally invasive procedure, FNNA produces specimens of better quality and reduces inadequate results. For these reasons FNNA should be preferable to FNA for the cytological evaluation of thyroid nodules. Content Type Journal ArticleDOI 10.1007/s12022-009-9074-2Authors Federica Romitelli, Catholic University of Sacred Heart Institute of Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry Largo F. Vito, 1-00168 Rome ItalyEnrico Di Stasio, Catholic University of Sacred Heart Institute of Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry Largo F. Vito, 1-00168 Rome ItalyCristina Santoro, Ospedale “S. M. Goretti” Pathological Anatomy O.U. Lat... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2358112 Tue, 21 Apr 2009 04:58:12 +0100 2358112 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2358120&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F725553586nm71171%2F Abstract  The neural crest is a pluripotent population of cells that arises at the junction of the neural tube and the dorsal ectoderm. These highly migratory cells form diverse derivatives including neurons and glia of the sensory, sympathetic, and enteric nervous systems, melanocytes, and the bones, cartilage, and connective tissues of the face. The neural crest has long been associated with the endocrine system, although not always correctly. According to current understanding, neural crest cells give rise to the chromaffin cells of the adrenal medulla, chief cells of the extra-adrenal paraganglia, and thyroid C cells. The endocrine tumors that correspond to these cell types are pheochromocytomas, extra-adrenal paragangliomas, and medullary thyroid carcinomas. Although c... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2358120 Tue, 21 Apr 2009 04:58:10 +0100 2358120 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2344520&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fl121282753887171%2F Abstract   BRAF gene mutations are identified in about 45% of papillary thyroid carcinomas (PTC) and represent the most common genetic event in this tumor. Here, we report a case of PTC, solid variant, with a complex BRAF mutation that involves one nucleotide substitution, C1796T, and a CTT triplet insertion, 1798_1799insCTT, located on the same allele. This mutation leads to the replacement of a threonine with an isoleucine, T599I, and replacement of a valine with an alanine and a leucine, V600delinsAL. This mutation was identified both in the preoperative fine needle aspirate sample and in the surgical specimen after total thyroidectomy. Other rare BRAF mutations in PTC are reviewed. Content Type Journal ArticleDOI 10.1007/s12022-009-9073-3Authors Simion Chiosea, Uni... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2344520 Thu, 16 Apr 2009 05:56:22 +0100 2344520 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2335961&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F467juu1080143008%2F Abstract  Granular cell tumor (GCT) of the thyroid is rare. Before this report, only four cases of thyroid GCT have been reported, none of which presented a cytopathological examination. In this paper, we report the fine needle aspiration cytology and pathological analysis of a thyroid GCT from a 12-year-old girl who presented with a painless neck mass. The tumor cells were single, in syncytial clusters, or pseudofollicles, contained small round, oval, or spindle nuclei, indistinct nucleoli, and a large amount of grayish, granular fragile cytoplasm. The background contained granular debris and naked nuclei. A differential diagnosis of thyroid GCT with more frequent thyroid lesions containing cytoplasmic granules, including Hurthle cells, macrophages, follicular cells, and c... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2335961 Wed, 08 Apr 2009 08:17:20 +0100 2335961 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2335962&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fk1g276167k8hr426%2F Abstract  MicroRNAs (miRNAs) constitute a recently identified class of small endogenous noncoding RNAs that act as negative regulators of the protein-coding gene expression and may impact cell differentiation, proliferation and survival, i.e., all fundamental cellular processes implicated in carcinogenesis. miRNA expression is deregulated in many types of human cancers, including thyroid cancer. The purpose of this review is to summarize the existing findings of miRNA deregulation in thyroid tumors and its potential role in thyroid cancer biology and molecular diagnostics. Content Type Journal ArticleDOI 10.1007/s12022-009-9069-zAuthors Marina N. Nikiforova, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine Department of Pathology 200 Lothrop Street Pittsburgh PA 15213 USASimo... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2335962 Wed, 08 Apr 2009 08:17:19 +0100 2335962 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2315169&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F2192l1m070555g96%2F Abstract  A 24-year-old man presented to our center with a huge goiter compressing his airway. He had a previous diagnosis of Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) of the lung. Core needle biopsy was consistent with histiocytosis. Thyroidectomy was performed. A very invasive mass was encountered at the time of surgery. Histopathology result was consistent with an invasive papillary cancer of thyroid co-occurring with LCH. Although association of LCH with different malignancies has been reported, co-existing invasive papillary thyroid cancer and LCH is a rare combination. Content Type Journal ArticleDOI 10.1007/s12022-009-9068-0Authors Hamid Reza Jamaati, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Department of Internal Medicine, National Research Institute of Tuberculo... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2315169 Wed, 01 Apr 2009 06:03:48 +0100 2315169 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2290955&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F95h034127u107567%2F Abstract  Ectopic secretion of growth hormone-releasing-hormone (GHRH) is a rare cause of acromegaly—representing less than 1% of patients. A 25-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital with acromegaly and a 6 × 6 cm infrahepatic mass. Sellar magnetic resonance imaging indicated diffuse pituitary enlargement consistent with hyperplasia. The infrahepatic mass was resected, and the histopathological diagnosis was a well-differentiated invasive neuroendocrine carcinoma of the duodenum with metastases to local lymph nodes. The tumor cells contained cytoplasmic immunoreactivity for GHRH. Because increased IGF-1 concentrations persisted after the operation, the patient was treated with octreotide long-acting repeatable (LAR) injections of 20 mg/month. Growth ho... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2290955 Fri, 20 Mar 2009 11:49:44 +0100 2290955 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2241381&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Ff402w0341257p11w%2F We report a case of a 36-year-old Hispanic woman with a soft mass measuring about 30 mm in the right thyroid lobe. Patient was operated on and the neoplasm showed microscopically a typical nesting organoid pattern (zellballen). The inmunohistochemical analysis revealed that the tumor showed strongly and diffuse stain for NSE, Synaptophysin, Chromogranin A, and S-100 protein in the sustentacular cells, whereas no inmunoreactivity was detected with antibodies against thyroglobulin, calcitonin, TTF-1, CEA, and AE1-AE3. The MIB-1 labeling showed 7% of neoplastic cells. Head and neck paragangliomas usually develop slowly, and this tumor exhibited a low proliferative activity. In view of the uncertain malignant potential of paragangliomas, we recommended a careful long-term follow-up.... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2241381 Wed, 04 Mar 2009 11:31:17 +0100 2241381 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2216984&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F2328123115256008%2F Abstract  Collision tumors of the sella turcica are rare and consist mainly of more than one type of pituitary adenoma, usually a corticotropin- and a prolactin-producing adenoma. The association of a craniopharyngioma and a pituitary adenoma is rare. Herein, we report the first case of an association between craniopharyngioma and silent pituitary adenoma subtype 3. It involved a 12-year-old boy who underwent a frontal craniotomy with surgical removal of a calcified sellar tumor. Histology revealed an adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma; however, by electron microscopy, there was conclusive evidence of adenoma cells showing the ultrastructural features of silent pituitary adenoma subtype 3. Endocrine and neuroimaging as well as detailed immunohistochemical and ultrastructural... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2216984 Tue, 24 Feb 2009 09:13:33 +0100 2216984 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2205355&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fcmh08w001ng05lq1%2F We report the case of a 62-year-old man with headache and left sixth cranial nerve palsy. A computerized tomography scan revealed an osteolytic process involving the sella turcica and clivus. A partial tumor resection was achieved via an endoscopic transsphenoidal approach. Morphologic investigation revealed a diffuse large B cell lymphoma involving pituitary parenchyma. No systemic disease was found upon staging. Primary pituitary lymphoma is extremely rare. An accurate histologic diagnosis is key to successful treatment and a favorable prognosis. The literature is reviewed. Content Type Journal ArticleDOI 10.1007/s12022-009-9062-6Authors Olga Moshkin, St. Michael’s Hospital Department of Laboratory Medicine 30 Bond Street, 2 Cardinal Carter Wing Toronto Ontario M5B 1W8 CanadaP... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2205355 Fri, 20 Feb 2009 06:56:53 +0100 2205355 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2200889&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F2534532x77728168%2F We report the case of a 28-year-old man with a SFT of the sella turcica mimicking a pituitary nonfunctioning macroadenoma. He presented with optic nerve compression caused by a heterogeneous tumor located in the sellar and suprasellar area. At surgery, the tumor was hard and infiltrated the sellar diaphragm, so that resection resulted in a cerebrospinal fluid fistula. His postoperative course was also complicated by complete central diabetes insipidus, hypopituitarism, and two episodes of meningitis. After surgical resection, the diagnosis of SFT was reached on the basis of histological and immunohistochemical studies. He was discharged after 49 days. Ten months after surgery, he was clinically well, and magnetic resonance images showed no evidence of residual or recurrent tumor... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2200889 Wed, 18 Feb 2009 07:58:08 +0100 2200889 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2188212&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F755573632063327r%2F Abstract  Keratins are intermediate filaments that provide mechanical support and fulfill a variety of additional functions in epithelial cells. Keratins show outstanding degree of molecular diversity. In humans, 54 functional keratin genes exist. Twenty common types of keratins are expressed in highly specific patterns related to epithelial type and stage of cellular differentiation. In general, keratins are classified as high-molecular-weight keratins (expressed in normal stratified epithelium and tumors derived from it) and low-molecular-weight keratins (expressed in normal simple epithelium and tumors derived from it). Histologically, endocrine organs belong to simple epithelium; thus, endocrine tissues usually express low-molecular-weight keratins. When an endocrine or... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2188212 Fri, 13 Feb 2009 08:06:01 +0100 2188212 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2188213&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fx67k544134337363%2F Abstract  Chimerism in an individual refers to the coexistence of cells arising from two distinct organisms. It can arise iatrogenically via transplant or blood transfusion, and physiologically via twin to twin transfer, or from trafficking between mother and fetus during pregnancy. Many of the diseases associated with microchimerism affect the endocrine system (e.g., autoimmune thyroid disease and diabetes mellitus type 1). Microchimerism is relevant to endocrine pathology because (a) it is associated with pregnancy, a condition of complex endocrine physiology; (b) materno-fetal and feto-maternal cellular migration must involve the placenta, itself an endocrine organ; and (c) in some species, chimerism results in states of intersexuality, a condition intimately involved with... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2188213 Fri, 13 Feb 2009 08:06:00 +0100 2188213 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2183030&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fw4hq707426323431%2F We report an adolescent girl diagnosed to have MEN1 following presentation with multiple collagenomas. Histological evaluation of her cutaneous lesions revealed >70 collagenomas. Hormonal evaluation included calcium, phosphate, and parathormone measurements. Exons 2–10 of the MEN1 gene and flanking intron–exon borders were sequenced and revealed a novel nonsense mutation, Y222X. Following the identification of the cutaneous lesions as collagenomas by the pathologist, the patient was referred for an endocrine evaluation which revealed asymptomatic primary hyperparathyroidism. The patient elected to have surgery at which time she was found to have parathyroid hyperplasia. This case emphasizes the usefulness of cutaneous findings for the diagnosis and management of MEN1. Conten... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2183030 Wed, 11 Feb 2009 07:25:47 +0100 2183030 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2173406&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fn3174745n2g5wn27%2F We report a case of APA discovered in a 32-year-old pregnant woman who visited our hospital for hypertension and hypokalemia at 26 weeks gestation. Elevated plasma aldosterone concentration and hypokalemia were observed, and an magnetic resonance imaging scan demonstrated a right adrenal mass. A laparoscopic adrenalectomy was performed because of refractory hypokalemia. Pathologically, the adrenal mass was diagnosed as APA, and in addition to the cytological features, in situ hybridization and real-time polymerase chain reaction proved that all the component cells were ZG-type cells. The cells also showed estrogen receptor β immunoreactivity and melanocortin 2 receptor mRNA expression, suggesting that estrogen and/or ACTH might be related to the proliferation of APA cells durin... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2173406 Sat, 07 Feb 2009 10:05:05 +0100 2173406 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2147770&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fd848076j73t66082%2F Abstract  Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a rare neoplasm but some of the cases are highly malignant. Clinical outcome of the patients with advanced ACC still remained poor or dismal despite recent development of aggressive antitumor therapies. Target-specific therapies have been developed in a number of human malignancies and resulted in therapeutic benefits in some cancer patients. However, these therapies are only effective in the cases in which corresponding targets are expressed in tumor tissues. Therefore, we evaluated expression of potential surrogate markers using immunohistochemistry in archival materials of adrenocortical carcinoma in order to explore the potential application of target specific therapies in ACC in this study. We immunolocalized ten established ... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2147770 Thu, 29 Jan 2009 11:16:01 +0100 2147770 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2141577&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fj6166q5r01251555%2F Abstract  The present study reports the case of a 70-year-old Caucasian man who was referred to the Military Hospital of Buenos Aires for evaluation of a giant sellar-extrasellar mass with extension in the right temporal lobe and compression of the third ventricle. Patient was initially responsive to cabergoline with reduction of prolactin levels and shrinkage of tumor burden for at least 36 months. Thereafter, prolactin levels and tumor size increased even though cabergoline dosage was increased. Transcraneal surgery was performed at 56 months of treatment. Prolactin levels and tumor proliferation did not subside and the patient died 14 months later. High GH and IGF-I levels were observed in the late stages of tumor development, with no evidence of acromegal... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2141577 Tue, 27 Jan 2009 07:43:41 +0100 2141577 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2056288&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fm6p23151h8206q47%2F Abstract  Poorly differentiated neuroendocrine carcinomas (PDNECs) of the kidney are extremely rare high-grade cancers accounting for only 42 cases reported in the literature. In this paper, we describe the morphological, immunohistochemical, ultrastructural, and for the first time, cytogenetic features of a renal PDNEC. In addition, we have reviewed the literature and compared the published clinicopathological data with our morphological and genetic results. The tumor arose within the kidney parenchyma and showed the typical histological features of a pure small cell PDNEC. Fluorescence in situ hybridization study demonstrated a complex chromosomal assessment indicative of a high degree of chromosome instability with gain of multiple chromosomes, loss of p53, and amplifica... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2056288 Fri, 19 Dec 2008 08:33:32 +0100 2056288 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2053123&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F2q5860x481741m6m%2F Abstract  Peliosis is characterised by multiple blood-filled lakes or cavities within parenchymatous organs. Typically found in the liver, spleen, bone marrow and lymph nodes, it has also been described in other organs such as lungs, kidneys, parathyroids and pancreas. The mechanism responsible for the development of peliosis remains unknown. (1) A 69 year-old man with a 6-year history of acromegaly underwent transsphenoidal surgery for pituitary adenoma. Morphologic findings demonstrated a plurimorphous plurihormonal pituitary adenoma consisting of somatotrophs, lactotrophs and mammosomatotrophs. The tumor contained several blood-filled cavities characteristic of peliosis. (2) A 61-year-old man with a prolactin-producing pituitary adenoma who underwent transsphenoidal... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2053123 Wed, 17 Dec 2008 08:48:50 +0100 2053123 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2053122&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fj286w22880m57108%2F Abstract  The adrenal gland is not a common specimen in surgical pathology practice as, until recently, adrenal tumors were recognized in life only if associated with hypersecretion of hormones or evidence of malignancy. However, adrenal nodules are not uncommon at autopsy, and the number of these found in life is now increasing as they are identified when the abdomen is scanned for the investigation of other diseases using computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging. It is therefore becoming increasingly important for the surgical pathologist to be aware of the range of pathology in the gland and to understand how to approach the specimens. This short review will deal with lesions of the adrenal cortex. Content Type Journal ArticleDOI 10.1007/s12022-008-9055-xAutho... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2053122 Wed, 17 Dec 2008 08:48:50 +0100 2053122 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3098667&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Ff712w855pr370725%2F Molecular Detection of PPARγ Rearrangements and Thyroid Carcinoma in Preoperative Fine-Needle Aspiration Biopsies Content Type Journal ArticleCategory ErratumDOI 10.1007/s12022-008-9053-zAuthors Christopher A. French, Harvard Medical School Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital Boston MA USAJonathan A. Fletcher, Harvard Medical School Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital Boston MA USAEdmund S. Cibas, Harvard Medical School Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital Boston MA USAChristopher Caulfield, Emory University School of Medicine Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Atlanta GA USAPaulette Allard, Emory University School of Medicine Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Atlanta GA USATodd G. Kroll, Universit... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3098667 Tue, 16 Dec 2008 08:03:50 +0100 3098667 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2047575&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Ff712w855pr370725%2F Content Type Journal ArticleCategory ErratumDOI 10.1007/s12022-008-9053-zAuthors Christopher A. French, Harvard Medical School Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital Boston MA USAJonathan A. Fletcher, Harvard Medical School Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital Boston MA USAEdmund S. Cibas, Harvard Medical School Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital Boston MA USAChristopher Caulfield, Emory University School of Medicine Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Atlanta GA USAPaulette Allard, Emory University School of Medicine Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Atlanta GA USATodd G. Kroll, University of Chicago Cancer Research Center, University of Chicago School of Medicine Department of Pathology Chicago IL USA ... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2047575 Tue, 16 Dec 2008 08:03:50 +0100 2047575 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2018080&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F4m8u018250k4h636%2F Abstract  Parathyroid neoplasms encompass a spectrum of proliferative lesions that include adenomas, atypical adenomas, and carcinomas. While the diagnosis of adenomas is usually straightforward, parathyroid carcinomas (PTCAs) often present considerable diagnostic challenges. Fibrosis and mitotic activity are common in PTCAs, but these features are not specific for malignancy. An unequivocal diagnosis of PTCA should be restricted to those tumors that invade adjacent soft tissues, thyroid gland, blood vessels, or perineural spaces or to those cases with documented metastases. Atypical adenomas include those tumors that share some of the features of PTCA but lack evidence of invasive growth. A variety of genetic abnormalities, including HRPT2 mutations, occur in PTCAs. Mutati... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2018080 Fri, 05 Dec 2008 09:17:24 +0100 2018080 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2011496&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fl1113261v41507j1%2F In this study, immunohistochemical analysis of the resected tumors were performed to evaluate the expression of 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 (11βHSD2) and glucocorticoid receptor (GR) in pituitary tissues obtained from two SCD (macroadenomas), eight Cushing’s disease (CD) (microadenomas), nine acromegaly, and nine normal pituitary (NP). Scattered 11βHSD2-immunopositive cells were detected in all NP tissues, but its immunoreactivity was totally absent in any tumorous tissues except two CD. Scattered GR-immunopositive cells were also detected and GR immunostaining was restricted to the cytosol in NP tissue. In contrast, GR-immunopositive cells were abundantly present and GR immunostaining was restricted to the nucleus in all the tumorous tissues. There were marked diffe... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2011496 Tue, 02 Dec 2008 07:33:26 +0100 2011496 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1999294&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fnk718790u76l5403%2F Abstract  Most intraspinal neoplasms of epithelial origin are metastases from primary carcinomas. Benign epithelial tumors are rarely found at this site. We here present the case of a 44-year-old woman with a lesion in the cauda equina that fulfilled the radiologic criteria of schwannoma and caused clinical symptoms for 3 years. The excised tumor was composed of nests of large polygonal cells with eosinophilic partial granular cytoplasm. Significant atypia, necrosis, and mitosis were absent from this lesion. The tumor showed diffuse positivity for melan-A, synaptophysin, and alpha-inhibin. Steroidogenic factor 1 and cytokeratins 8 and 18 were focally seen in the absence of S-100 and chromogranin. This immunoprofile indicated adrenocortical origin. Ultrastructural exami... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1999294 Fri, 28 Nov 2008 13:55:46 +0100 1999294 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1999295&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Ft1303p17731283xt%2F Abstract  Hyperparathyroidism and/or parathyroid hyperplasia, medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC), and pheochromocytomas compose the hallmarks of the multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2A (MEN 2A) syndrome. Revisiting a report in 1939 of a patient with hyperparathyroidism and parathyroid hyperplasia led to a search for evidence of MEN 2A. From medical records and discussion with family members, longitudinal follow-up of the patient and her descendants was obtained. Molecular diagnostics were integrated in the care of subsequent generations. The literature on hyperparathyroidism and MEN 2A was reviewed. Children of the proband exhibited all components of MEN 2A and the RET mutation of 634 TGC>CGC. The pedigree was typical for this mutation. Papers on anthropologic studies de... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1999295 Wed, 26 Nov 2008 19:05:53 +0100 1999295 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1996732&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F97320578q4075218%2F Abstract  The Wnt signaling pathway has been implicated in the genesis of numerous human cancers. A member of the Wnt family of genes, Wnt4, has been known to regulate proliferation of anterior pituitary cell types in the mouse during embryonic development. In order to elucidate the roles of Wnt signaling in human pituitary adenomas, we examined the expression of Wnt4 and its putative receptor Frizzled6 (Fzd6) by immunohistochemistry in pituitary adenomas and normal pituitaries. Expression of Wnt4 was higher in growth hormone-producing adenomas (GHomas), prolactin-producing adenomas (PRLomas), and thyroid-stimulating hormone-producing adenomas (TSHomas) than in the normal pituitary. Fzd6 was widely expressed in GHomas, PRLomas, TSHomas, and gonadotropin subunit (GnSU)-posit... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1996732 Wed, 26 Nov 2008 19:05:52 +0100 1996732 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1947446&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F3583045782r14wu3%2F Content Type Journal ArticleCategory EditorialDOI 10.1007/s12022-008-9047-xAuthors Arthur S. Tischler, Tufts Medical Center Department of Pathology Boston MA 02111 USA Journal Endocrine PathologyOnline ISSN 1559-0097Print ISSN 1046-3976 (Source: Endocrine Pathology) Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1947446 Sun, 09 Nov 2008 10:09:59 +0100 1947446 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1924687&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F341384k223qp7063%2F Abstract  Adrenal cystic lesions are uncommon and we analyzed clinical and pathologic features of 25 such cases from a single institute over 23 years. There were 16 pseudocysts, eight endothelial cysts, and one epithelial cyst. Seven of eight endothelial cysts were confirmed to be lymphangiomatous by D2-40 immunostaining. We suggest that pseudocysts and endothelial cysts may have different histogenesis. The proposed mesothelial origin of adrenal epithelial cyst cannot be confirmed in our example. Seven adrenal pseudocysts were associated with tumor, including two pheochromocytomas, one neuroblastoma, one adrenal cortical carcinoma, one adrenal cortical adenoma, one myelolipoma, and one schwannoma. The distinction of true cystic lesion from cystic neoplasm is important ... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1924687 Thu, 30 Oct 2008 06:56:00 +0100 1924687 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1895544&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fnl19v67w395544j5%2F Abstract  Gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEP-NETS) are unusual and rare neoplasms for which prognostic assessment and the diagnosis of malignancy, on the basis of histology alone, represent considerable challenges for the pathologist. To date, many molecular markers have been identified with a view to providing accurate and timely prediction of response to treatment and long-term survival. Proliferation remains a key feature of tumor progression, which has been widely estimated by the immunohistochemical use of the Ki-67 nuclear antigen. Given the continued difficulties inherent in prediction of malignancy in pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PETs) in particular, it has become unclear whether Ki-67 is truly a reliable prognostication marker. This review seeks ... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1895544 Sat, 18 Oct 2008 11:08:24 +0100 1895544 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1895543&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F7q10698503738620%2F Abstract  Familial thyroid cancer can arise from follicular cells (familial non-medullary thyroid carcinoma (FNMTC)) or from the calcitonin-producing C-cell (familial medullary thyroid carcinoma). This is usually a component of multiple endocrine neoplasias (MEN) IIA or IIB, or as pure familial medullary thyroid carcinoma syndrome. The genetic events in the familial C-cell-derived tumors are known and genotype–phenotype correlations are well established. In contrast, the case for a familial predisposition of non-medullary thyroid carcinoma is only now beginning to emerge. Although the majority of papillary (PTC) and follicular thyroid carcinomas (FTC) are sporadic, familial tumors account for over 5% of cases. The presence of multifocal papillary carcinoma is a common fea... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1895543 Sat, 18 Oct 2008 11:08:24 +0100 1895543 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1811485&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Frq6555782342q57q%2F Content Type Journal ArticleDOI 10.1007/s12022-008-9043-1Authors R. R. de Krijger, Erasmus MC–University Medical Center Department of Pathology, Josephine Nefkens Insitute Rotterdam The Netherlands Journal Endocrine PathologyOnline ISSN 1559-0097Print ISSN 1046-3976 (Source: Endocrine Pathology) Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1811485 Thu, 18 Sep 2008 06:46:38 +0100 1811485 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1764193&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fa26943237x275157%2F Abstract  Vascular lesions are one of the most controversial issues in thyroid pathology. The differential diagnosis includes benign lesions on one side, i.e., endothelial reactive hyperplasia (Masson’s “hemangioma”) in goiter and hemangioma, and malignant tumors on the other, i.e., angiosarcomas and undifferentiated (angio)sarcomatoid carcinomas. Benign reactive endothelial hyperplasia with atypias mimicking malignant tumors may occur in long-standing nodular goiter, as a result of spontaneous hemorrhage followed by granulation tissue and fibrous organization. Alternatively, it may follow a fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) procedure. Angiosarcoma is a rare primary malignant thyroid tumor, mainly observed in endemic goiter areas displaying morphologic and phenotyp... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1764193 Wed, 03 Sep 2008 07:40:19 +0100 1764193 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1764195&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fr609217210358395%2F In conclusion, p16INk4a expression suggests extrathyroid neck extension of PTC. This effect is enhanced when p27kip1 is negative. We think that their analysis by immunohistochemistry could be useful in the management of patients with PTC. Content Type Journal ArticleDOI 10.1007/s12022-008-9037-zAuthors Carles Zafon, University Autonomous of Barcelona Division of Endocrinology, Hospital General i Universitari Vall d’Hebron Pg. Vall d’Hebron 119-129 08035 Barcelona SpainGabriel Obiols, University Autonomous of Barcelona Division of Endocrinology, Hospital General i Universitari Vall d’Hebron Pg. Vall d’Hebron 119-129 08035 Barcelona SpainJosep Castellví, University Autonomous of Barcelona Department of Pathology, Hospital General i Universitari Vall d’Hebron Barcelona SpainSa... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1764195 Wed, 03 Sep 2008 07:40:03 +0100 1764195 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1764194&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fr6057555211365hq%2F Abstract  Poorly differentiated thyroid carcinomas are a heterogeneous group of tumors occupying an area intermediate between well-differentiated follicular or papillary carcinoma and anaplastic carcinomas, from both a histopathogenetic and a clinical point of view. Large tumor series selected on the basis of structural and/or other morphological criteria showed that poorly differentiated carcinomas have a distinct biological behavior, and the classification of these tumors into a separate group appears justified, although strict homogeneous diagnostic criteria should be achieved and widely accepted to better characterize such tumor entity. Moreover, the identification of the prognostic parameters segregating aggressive from indolent cases has important clinical implications... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1764194 Wed, 03 Sep 2008 07:40:03 +0100 1764194 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1750384&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F007p275ww62u31j8%2F We report the case of metastatic uveal melanoma in a woman with multinodular goiter and primary hyperparathyroidism. The patient presented with hypercalcemia and an elevated intact parathyroid hormone level, in conjunction with a follicular neoplasm in the setting of goiter. She underwent an uneventful total thyroidectomy and parathyroidectomy. Postoperatively, she became normocalcemic. Histopathologic analyses revealed metastatic uveal melanoma cells within both the multinodular goiter and parathyroid adenoma. At present, she is enrolled in a phase II trial for disseminated uveal melanoma. This is a report of uveal melanoma metastatic to both a parathyroid adenoma and a nodular hyperplastic thyroid. Additionally, this case serves to display the unusual metastatic potential of uveal ... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1750384 Sat, 30 Aug 2008 18:32:43 +0100 1750384 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1750385&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fy3160v7100107x23%2F Abstract  The genome has been sequenced. However, the functions of each gene remain to be elucidated through phenotypic analysis. This analysis has been called phenogenomics. That part of phenogenomics related to disease can be called pathogenomics or Genomic Pathology. The initial phases of disease analysis will use genetically modified mice. The proliferation of ambitious programs designed to use mice for phenogenomics has been met with alarm by comparative pathologists who note the lack of qualified genomic pathologists and of training programs in genomic pathology. While endocrine pathology offers a number of excellent examples of the contributions made by pathologists to the scientific literature, it also contains examples of the hazards of working with untrained, unwa... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1750385 Sat, 30 Aug 2008 18:32:34 +0100 1750385 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1704945&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fy573p57570340033%2F Abstract  Factors that should be considered when studying the effect of dietary iodine in the development of thyroid cancer include pathological criteria, diagnostic techniques, screening programs, radioactive fallout, and standard of medical care in the studied population. In most surveys, papillary carcinoma forms the largest group of thyroid malignancies, both before and after iodine prophylaxis where an increase in the papillary:follicular carcinoma ratio is also noted. Undifferentiated carcinomas decrease after salt prophylaxis. In Salta, Argentina, the increasing incidence of clinically significant papillary thyroid cancer and the decrease of undifferentiated carcinoma after iodine prophylaxis are probably due to better access to health centers and consequent earlier ... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1704945 Tue, 12 Aug 2008 07:23:05 +0100 1704945 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1693922&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fr71882v836017664%2F In this study, we used polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-coupled single-stranded conformational polymorphism (SSCP) and DNA sequencing to examine possible mutations in the NF1 GRD in human pituitary tumors. We screened 36 nonfunctioning and 20 growth hormone—secreting adenomas. No mutation was detected in these tumors. Our results indicate that inactivation of neurofibromin may not have a primary role in the formation of pituitary adenomas. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original ArticleDOI 10.1007/BF02921491Authors Lin Pei, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center—UCLA School of Medicine Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism 90048 Los Angeles CAShlomo Melmed, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center—UCLA School of Medicine Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism 90048 Los Angeles CA ... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1693922 Fri, 08 Aug 2008 07:00:57 +0100 1693922 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1693923&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fh1181682g6417072%2F Abstract  Seventy-three adrenal glands of 44 patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) were examined and graded histologically to reveal cytomegaloviral (CMV) adrenalitis. The number of CMV inclusion bodies (IB) were evaluated and compared with 3 methods in 58 adrenal glands of 40 patients: histological sections, immunocytochemistry for early antigens of CMV, and in situ hybridization with biotinylated probes for CMV DNA All 73 adrenal glands contained foci of lymphocytic infiltrate. Forty (55%) showed CMV adrenalitis and necrosis, which were more extensive in the medulla than in the cortex. The number of CMV IB increased with the severity of necrosis and fibrosis (grades I, 1.0; II, 3.6; III, 27.8 IB/ thousand cells counted in 20 fields). More than 85 percent... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1693923 Fri, 08 Aug 2008 07:00:55 +0100 1693923 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1693924&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F96343uw2848575q2%2F Abstract  To assess the proliferative activity of pituitary adenomas, 36 surgically removed adenomas were studied by light microscopical parameters; mitotic count; expression of PCNA, Ki-67, cathepsin D, and EGF; and image cytometry. Three adenomas (9%) showed high, 11 (34%) medium, 17 (53%) moderate, and 1 (3%) low structural differentiation. In 10 adenomas (31%), no mitosis was observed. The average was 2.4 mitoses/100 HPF; the highest count was 7.1 mitoses/100 HPF. Eleven adenomas (33.3%) were PCNA-negative; in 20 adenomas (60.6%), between 0.05 and 3.9, and in 2 adenomas (6.0%), between 10.5 and 16.4 PCNA-positive nuclei were observed. Only a recurrent null-cell adenoma (9%) was Ki-67-negative. Three adenomas (9.1%) were EGF-negative, 28 (84.8%) showed up to 10% positive... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1693924 Fri, 08 Aug 2008 07:00:54 +0100 1693924 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1693926&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fq151m4532n02xp74%2F Content Type Journal ArticleCategory EditorialDOI 10.1007/BF02921486Authors Kaiman KovacsSylvia L. Asa Journal Endocrine PathologyOnline ISSN 1559-0097Print ISSN 1046-3976 Journal Volume Volume 5 Journal Issue Volume 5, Number 4 / December, 1994 (Source: Endocrine Pathology) Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1693926 Fri, 08 Aug 2008 07:00:53 +0100 1693926 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1693925&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F155788544n221728%2F Abstract  Fifty-three primary non-small-cell lung carcinomas (NSCLC) were immunohistochemically investigated with antibodies against chromogranin A, chromogranin B, and ecretoneurin. All 3 peptides were focally immunolocalized in 3 of 25 adenocarcinomas and in 2 of 6 large-cell anaplastic carcinomas in more than 20% of tumor cells. Two of 15 squamous-cell carcinomas showed chromogranin B reactivity in more than 20% of tumor cells. Neuroendocrine (NE) differentiation was also demonstrated in lymphnode metastases of large-cell anaplastic carcinomas, in 1 adenocarcinoma, and in 1 squamous-cell carcinoma, with NE differentiation of the respective primary tumors. All tumors with NE differentiation exhibited (large cell) anaplastic tumor areas. We conclude that NE differentiation... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1693925 Fri, 08 Aug 2008 07:00:53 +0100 1693925 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1693930&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fy3800741m912t838%2F Abstract  The pathologic diagnosis of thyroid follicular tumors is difficult, particularly in preoperative fine-needle aspiration biopsies. To investigate whether the molecular diagnosis of PPARγ rearrangements can detect thyroid carcinomas in fine-needle aspiration biopsies, we performed interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization on 24 thyroid fine-needle aspiration and 17 follow-up thyroidectomy specimens. Two of the 24 fine-needle aspiration biopsies contained PPARγ rearrangements, and both were diagnosed suggestive of a thyroid follicular neoplasm by cytology. The two corresponding thyroidectomies each contained PPARγ rearrangements in all tumor cells and, both were diagnosed follicular-patterned thyroid carcinomas—one a follicular carcinoma and the other a folli... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1693930 Fri, 08 Aug 2008 07:00:52 +0100 1693930 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1693929&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F02587186q4074644%2F We report a patient with clinical features of acromegaly whose tumor was a composite lesion: one area exhibited morphological characteristics of a corticotroph adenoma and another distinct area exhibited features of a somatotroph adenoma. The possible histogenesis is discussed. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Case ReportDOI 10.1007/BF02921493Authors Robyn L. Apel, Mount Sinai Hospital and University of Toronto Department of Pathology 600 University Avenue M5G 1X5 Toronto Ontario CanadaRobert J. Wilson, Hotel Dieu of St. Joseph Hospital Department of Medicine Windsor Ontario CanadaSylvia L. Asa, Mount Sinai Hospital and University of Toronto Department of Pathology 600 University Avenue M5G 1X5 Toronto Ontario Canada Journal Endocrine PathologyOnline ISSN 1559-0097Print ... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1693929 Fri, 08 Aug 2008 07:00:52 +0100 1693929 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1693928&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F8t28717j5t087nt8%2F Abstract  Two patients with rare cancer-to-neopiasm metastasis are presented. One patient was a 69-year-old woman who had undergone gastrectomy for gastric cancer 10 months previously and died of generalized metastases. An autopsy revealed generalized metastases of the gastric carcinoma, together with a cystic, hemorrhagic thyroid tumor measuring 2.0 cm in diameter. Histologically, the thyroid tumor was an oxyphilic adenoma with multiple metastatic foci of gastric adenocarcinoma. Because no metastasis was found in the background thyroid tissue, this metastasis might have developed specifically and not by chance, most likely due to the rich vascularity and good circulation of the thyroid adenoma. The other patient was an 82-year-old man who had undergone total thyroidectomy ... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1693928 Fri, 08 Aug 2008 07:00:52 +0100 1693928 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1693927&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fg0q427g852l64m9l%2F Abstract  No current histological or cytological indices can distinguish reliably malignant from benign tumors in neuroendocrine tumors, including pheochromocytomas, pancreatic endocrine tumors, and carcinoid tumors. We investigated immunohistochemically the expression of Ki-67 in 52 neuroendocrine tumors, including 17 pheochromocytomas, 9 pancreatic endocrine tumors, 23 carcinoid tumors, 2 neuroendocrine carcinomas (NEC), and 1 neuroblastoma with liver metastasis. Of the 52 tumors, distant metastasis was observed in 4 pheochromocytomas, 2 pancreatic endocrine tumors, 4 carcinoids, 2 NEC, and 1 neuroblastoma. We classified these tumors into 3 groups; Groups A, B, and C, depending on the number of Ki-67-positive cells counted under a 200 x magnified field. Expression of Ki-6... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1693927 Fri, 08 Aug 2008 07:00:52 +0100 1693927 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1692356&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F7685h2k7l2308421%2F Abstract  Thec-erbB-2 proto-oncogene encodes a 190-kD putative membrane receptor that shows considerable homology to the epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor.c-erbB-2 is overexpressed in many human tumors but has not previously been studied in pituitary tumors. In the normal pituitary gland, EGF is believed to play a regulatory role, but EGF receptors were found to be absent in a study of 22 pituitary adenomas. In the present study, 32 human pituitary adenomas and 7 samples of normal human pituitary were stained for thec-erbB-2 oncoprotein. All were negative for membrane staining, which suggests that amplification of thec-erbB-2 oncogene is not important in the etiology and progression of human pituitary adenomas. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original ArticleDOI 1... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1692356 Thu, 07 Aug 2008 09:53:19 +0100 1692356 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1692358&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fe6643q823127u766%2F Abstract  The hormonal immunoreactivity and vascularity of pituitary adenomas containing folliculostellate (FS) cells have been compared with those of tumors in which such cells were not identified. FS cells were present in variable numbers in 36 of 92 tumors. Adenomas immunoreactive for growth hormone (GH), adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), or prolactin (PRL) contained FS cells in 40–50% of cases. Those immunoreactive for glycoprotein hormones and alphasubunit contained FS cells in 67–85% of cases, a statistically significant correlation. When alpha-subunit was also present in GH-, GH/PRL-, and ACTH-immunoreactive tumors, a higher proportion contained FS cells (57–91%). These data suggest a correlation between the presence of FS cells and glycoprotein immunoreactiv... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1692358 Thu, 07 Aug 2008 09:53:18 +0100 1692358 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1692357&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fn56044812504056k%2F Abstract  In addition to the hormone-producing granulated cells, the so-called folliculostellate (FS) cells of the adenohypophysis represent a population of nongranulated cells extensively described in a large number of species. They show distinctive morphological features including a star shape with thin cytoplasmic projections extending between granulated cells and well-developed junctional complexes. FS cells are joined together surrounding irregular microcavities and project microvilli into the lumina. The immunocytochemical localization of S-100 protein, glial fibrillary acidic protein, and vimentin constitutes a reliable and easy method for investigating their presence and distribution in the normal pituitary gland and in pituitary adenomas. Although the expression of ... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1692357 Thu, 07 Aug 2008 09:53:18 +0100 1692357 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1692360&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fw5x64j7284084617%2F Abstract  Tissue from 23 pituitary adenomas causing Cushing’s disease was implanted subcutaneously into 159 NuNu/NMRi mice, resected after 21 or 35 days, and evaluated histologically and immunohistochemically. After 21 days, 74.3% of the grafts survived, 59% having less than 30% necrotic adenoma cells. After 35 days, 45% of the adenoma fragments survived, 37% having less than 30% necrotic adenoma cells. The preservation of the grafts was essentially dependent on the grade of vascularization accomplished by migration of the host’s capillaries. As assessed by adrenal weight and histologically, biological activity of the transplants could not be detected. Histologically, the grafts maintained the features of their primary tumors, and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) coul... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1692360 Thu, 07 Aug 2008 09:53:16 +0100 1692360 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1692359&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F6683m627u2847310%2F Content Type Journal ArticleCategory EditorialDOI 10.1007/BF02915205Authors Kalman Kovacs, St. Michael’s Hospital University of Toronto Department of Pathology Toronto Ontario CanadaSylvia L. Asa, St. Michael’s Hospital University of Toronto Department of Pathology Toronto Ontario CanadaEva Horvath, St. Michael’s Hospital University of Toronto Department of Pathology Toronto Ontario Canada Journal Endocrine PathologyOnline ISSN 1559-0097Print ISSN 1046-3976 Journal Volume Volume 2 Journal Issue Volume 2, Number 4 / December, 1991 (Source: Endocrine Pathology) Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1692359 Thu, 07 Aug 2008 09:53:16 +0100 1692359 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1692362&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fd007l625nx18663t%2F Abstract  A case of localized adiposity of the thyroid in a 35-year-old woman with a long history of steroid therapy for nephrotic syndrome is reported. A well-demarcated yellowish mass measuring 2 cm in diameter was found in the upper portion of the right lobe of the thyroid. Microscopically, this lesion was composed of mature adipose tissue partially mixed with thyroid tissue and had no distinct capsule. The nontumorous thyroid tissue showed features of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis. At least two factors—hamartomatous malformation and metabolic disturbance-may be involved in the histogenesis of this localized adiposity. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Case ReportDOI 10.1007/BF02915212Authors Hiroshi Morizumi, Tokushima Municipal Hospital Department of Pathology Toku... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1692362 Thu, 07 Aug 2008 09:53:14 +0100 1692362 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1692361&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fm5v3812551053j66%2F Abstract  In a previous study, we immunohistochemically investigated Crooke’s hyaline change and concluded that it was composed of cytokeratin. The present study was undertaken to further identify the cytokeratin subfamily by immunohistochemistry. Twenty-eight postmortem, routinely processed pituitary glands revealing unequivocal Crooke’s hyaline change were selected. To demonstrate Crooke’s cellsand cytokeratin subfamilies simultaneously, serial hori zontal sections were sliced. Using an avidin-biotin peroxidase complex method, one was stained with a monoclonal antibody against synthesized adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) 1–24, and the adjacent ones were stained with one of eight test monoclonal antibodies against cytokeratin subfamilies (containing cytokeratins 1... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1692361 Thu, 07 Aug 2008 09:53:14 +0100 1692361 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1692364&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fvx511600502n2427%2F Abstract  The intermediate zone of the rat pituitary was studied after stimulation for 3 weeks with the adrenostatic drugs metyrapone and aminogfutethimide and after suppression for 3 weeks with the glucocorticoid 6α-methylprednisolone using morphometry by the point-counting method on electron micrographs. After metyrapone, intermediate cells showed a significant (P <.05) increase in volume percentages of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum, the Golgi apparatus, and the lucent immature secretory granules, as well as a significant decrease in the lucent secretory granules, the vacuoles, the lysosomes, and the cell membranes in comparison with the untreated controls. After aminoglutethimide, the volume percentages of the nuclei, the smooth endoplasmic reticulum, and the dense... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1692364 Thu, 07 Aug 2008 09:53:13 +0100 1692364 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1692363&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F5r27x7763uw57730%2F Abstract  The case of a 51 -year-old man with recurrent nonfunctioning pituitary adenoma is presented. Despite clinically and endocrinologically normal pituitary function in regard to growth hormone and prolactin, many growth hormone- and prolactin-positive cells were immunohis-tochemically detected in adenoma tissue. Furthermore, a quite rare tumor of silent mixed growth hormone cell-prolactin cell pituitary adenoma was confirmed by the double-labeling immunoelectron-microscopical study. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Case ReportDOI 10.1007/BF02915213Authors Shigeru Furuhata, Keio University School of Medicine Department of Neurosurgery TokyoToru Kameya, Kitasato University School of Medicine Department of Pathology Kanagawa JapanMitsuhiro Otani, Keio University Sc... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1692363 Thu, 07 Aug 2008 09:53:13 +0100 1692363 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1679583&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fjq321tjmn8j17w53%2F Abstract  Dysadherin is a novel glycoprotein, with an anti-cell–cell adhesion function. The aim of the present study was to examine the expression of dysadherin in thyroid papillary microcarcinoma (PMC), to associate it with the expression of E-cadherin and to investigate whether there are differences with papillary carcinoma (PC). A statistically significant difference in dysadherin and E-cadherin expression between PC and PMC and a negative correlation between E-cadherin and dysadherin expression regardless of tumor size were noted. Based on these findings it is hypothesized that retained cell–cell adhesion, through maintenance of the E-cadherin adhesion system, in PMC prevents neoplastic cells from dissociating easily from each other and metastasizing. Increased dysa... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1679583 Sun, 03 Aug 2008 05:45:08 +0100 1679583 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1655655&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fh0j2474p73232355%2F We report a case of combined gangliocytoma and prolactinoma of the pituitary gland. A 49-year-old male presented with vertigo. Radiological examination revealed an intrasellar tumor with a suprasellar extension, which was removed via the trans-sphenoidal approach. Histologically, the tumor was composed of adenoma cells, mature ganglion cells and cells with features intermediate between those of adenoma cells and ganglion cells (intermediate cells). Immunohistochemical analysis revealed the ganglion cells and intermediate cells as well as adenoma cells to be positive for prolactin. No growth hormone-positive tumor cells were observed. The ganglion cells were positive for synaptophysin and neurofilament. The findings in this case are discussed in relation to hypotheses proposed for hi... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1655655 Thu, 24 Jul 2008 09:46:09 +0100 1655655 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1635154&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fv007270061101152%2F Abstract  Pituitary adenomas producing almost exclusively growth hormones (GH) have been ultrastructurally classified into two distinct types: densely granulated somatotroph (DG) adenomas and sparsely granulated (SG) adenomas. Fibrous body (FB), an intracytoplasmic globular aggregation of cytokeratin (CK) filaments, is a hallmark of SG adenomas. Under light microscope, FB could be identified by CK immunohistochemistry as a dot-pattern immunoreaction versus a perinuclear pattern for cells without FB. However, it has been noted that numerous adenomas contain mixed populations of the two patterns. To clarify clinicopathological characteristics of the adenomas with mixed populations (“intermediate type” adenomas) and to confirm clinicopathological differences between strict... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1635154 Wed, 16 Jul 2008 05:53:03 +0100 1635154 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1616388&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fy0467xg2gl723036%2F Abstract  Myelolipomas of the adrenal gland are benign, nonfunctioning tumors. Patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia sometimes develop large and bilateral myelolipomas. Although the precise pathogenesis of myelolipomas remains unclear, prolonged stimulation with high levels of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) or adrenal androgens are assumed to have a causative role. To clarify the role of ACTH and androgen in the pathogenesis of myelolipoma, we report a case of giant adrenal myelolipoma in a patient with poorly controlled congenital adrenal hyperplasia. A 43-year-old female was diagnosed with congenital adrenal hyperplasia at 6 years of age because of ambiguous genitalia. She had high plasma ACTH and 17-hydroxyprogesterone levels. Abdominal computed tomograph... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1616388 Fri, 11 Jul 2008 07:09:39 +0100 1616388 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1561263&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fu32924473g16p681%2F Abstract  From 751 patients with suspected pituitary tumor, 2,354 frozen sections were prepared for histological identification of the tissue and determination of the resection margins after selective adenoma removal. The accuracy of the method was determined by comparison of the frozen section diagnoses with the diagnoses of permanent sections of the same tissue. The overall accuracy was 83. I%. The reasons for incorrect diagnoses in frozen section were analyzed retrospectively. Prevailing causes were spurious lesions resulting from problems in processing the extremely small specimens, and regressive transformations of the tissue leading to alterations of the tissue structure. Despite the rather low accuracy rate, we would consider frozen section diagnosis of pituitary tum... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1561263 Sun, 29 Jun 2008 06:20:34 +0100 1561263 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1561265&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fb8q563255qhj6025%2F Abstract  Immunohistochemical localization of 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase/Δ5→4-isomerase (3β-HSD), which converts Δ5-3β-hydroxysteroids to Δ4-3-ketosteroids, was performed in the human adrenal gland and in its disorders by employing a specific antibody raised against the enzyme purified from human placenta. Immunoreactivity of 3β-HSD was present in all three cortical zones of the adrenal glands obtained at autopsy, while in surgically removed adrenal glands, immunoreactivity was dominant in the zona fasciculata (ZF), with faint immunoreactivity in the zona glomerulosa (ZG) and the zona reticularis (ZR). Intracortical localization of 3β-HSD in the adrenal glands obtained at autopsy may represent an adrenal adaptation to antemortem stress, with shifting of adrena... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1561265 Sun, 29 Jun 2008 06:20:31 +0100 1561265 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1561264&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fk51214x70288n2g2%2F Abstract  The immunohistochemical distribution of the protease inhibitors alpha1-antichymotrypsin (alpha1-ACT) and alpha1-antitrypsin (alpha1-AT) has been documented in the normal human pituitary gland and in a series of pituitary tumors. In normal gland, alpha1-ACT was localized mainly in the dendritic folliculostellate cells, identified by immunopositivity for S 100 protein. A minority of endocrine cells also stained in 3 of 10 autopsy glands. Folliculostellate cells were identified in 11 of 28 tumors, and again, the distribution of alpha1-ACT positivity corresponded to these cells. In 4 cases, there was staining of a small minority of tumor cells. Alpha1-AT was localized to colloid in the microfollicles of the anterior lobe. In I normal gland, there was granular staining of ... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1561264 Sun, 29 Jun 2008 06:20:31 +0100 1561264 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1561268&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fj81x75555111318v%2F Abstract  A number of evaluating techniques have moved from the research laboratory into the purview of the diagnostic pathologist and have been applied to the analysis of thyroid lesions. Some of these have already proved diagnostically and prognostically useful, whereas some have produced insights into pathogenesis of specific thyroid lesions and disorders. Rapid proliferation and application of these techniques should allow for increased understanding of human thyroid disease in the near future. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory ReviewDOI 10.1007/BF02915622Authors Virginia A. LiVoisi, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania Surgical Pathology, Founders 6042 3400 Spruce Street 19104 Philadelphia PA Journal Endocrine PathologyOnline ISSN 1559-0097Print ISSN ... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1561268 Sun, 29 Jun 2008 06:20:30 +0100 1561268 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1561267&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Ft12487r001048880%2F Abstract  The nonobese diabetic (NOD) mouse was used as a model for evaluating alterations in testicutar structure. The NOD mouse exhibits diabetic manifestations on an apparently autoimmune basis and thus resembles human type 1 insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Testicular samples were obtained from animals with and without diabetic manifestations at various ages. The principal changes noted on histological examination were in the seminiferous tubules, including germ cell degeneration, disruption of spermatogenesis, tubular fibrosis, and intratubular calcification. These effects were diffuse and extensive in animals with severe hyperglycemia. In those with normal and borderline elevated glucose levels, focal tubular damage was found to occur in a patchy distribution. The... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1561267 Sun, 29 Jun 2008 06:20:30 +0100 1561267 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1561266&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F329k6pt36010n015%2F Content Type Journal ArticleCategory EditorialDOI 10.1007/BF02915621Authors William Singer, University of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada Journal Endocrine PathologyOnline ISSN 1559-0097Print ISSN 1046-3976 Journal Volume Volume 1 Journal Issue Volume 1, Number 2 / June, 1990 (Source: Endocrine Pathology) Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1561266 Sun, 29 Jun 2008 06:20:30 +0100 1561266 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1561270&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F21m6l11500332827%2F Abstract  A nontoxic thyroid nodule was detected in a female infant soon after birth. At 4 years of age, the nodule was removed. Histological examination disclosed a Iobulated spindle-cell neoplasm with focal epithelioid differentiation. The tumor demonstrated diffuse immunopositivity for low-molecular-weight keratins with scattered cells staining for S- 100 protein or leukocyte common antigen; the tumor was negative for calcitonin and thyroglobulin. By electron microscopy, the spindle-shaped cells contained bundles of intracytoplasmic tonofilaments and desmosomes. The light- and electron-microscopical features and immunohistochemical profile of this tumor were those of the recently described primary thyroid thymoma. Thymoma should be considered as a possible, albeit rare, ... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1561270 Sun, 29 Jun 2008 06:20:28 +0100 1561270 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1561269&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fa16056gv4m58t21n%2F Abstract  A total of 17 (10 adrenal and 7 extraadrenal) pheochromocytomas were examined immunohistochemically for the localization of catecholamine-synthesizing enzymes-tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), dopamine β-hydroxylase (DBH), and phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase (PNMT)-as well as the marker peptides for pheochrornocytomas (i.e., met-enkephalin-arggly-leu [MEAGL]). Normal adult, fetal, and newborn human adrenal medullas were also examined. Six adrenal pheochromocytomas showed immunohistochernically positive staining for PNMT; 5 of these cases demonstrated elevated serum adrenalin levels, This indicated morphofunctional correlation. PNMT-positive cells were mostly positive for TH but did not show co-localization of MEAGL except in 1 case, Absence of co-localization was... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1561269 Sun, 29 Jun 2008 06:20:28 +0100 1561269 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1561272&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fb3487215330568q6%2F Abstract  Positive immunohistochemical staining for three metal binding proteins, ceruloplasmin, lactoferrin, and transferrin, has been suggested to be a reliable diagnostic marker of malignant but not benign thyroid neoplasms. We tested this hypothesis on a series of 9 nodular hyperplasias, 17 follicular adenomas, 54 papillary carcinomas, 20 follicular carcinomas, and 3 anaplastic carcinomas of thyroid using formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues. We found focal staining for ceruloplasmin and lactoferrin in approximately 25% of follicular adenomas examined; focal ceruloplasmin positivity was also seen in nonneoplastic tissues surrounding thyroid neoplasms. No staining for these markers was found in malignant neoplasms or hyperplasias. Transferrin was found in 55% of papi... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1561272 Sat, 28 Jun 2008 08:15:53 +0100 1561272 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1561271&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fk18t075r914jw867%2F Abstract  Eighty-nine ACTH-secreting pituitary adenomas from patients with Cushing’s disease or Nelson’s syndrome were investigated by immunohistochemical methods for their content of gastrin, cholecystokinin (CCK), vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), bombesin, substance P, and ubiquitin as a marker for intercellular fibrils and hyalin and D11 as a marker for adrenocortical tissue. In contrast to in vitro studies reported in the relevant literature, we did not find significantly positive percentages (more than 10% of adenoma cells) for gastrin and CCK. VIP and bombesin were demonstrated in one adenoma. Among the adenomas examined, ubiquitin was found in 15% and D11 in 75%. ACTH was present in 99%, pro-γ-MSH in 21 %, β-endorphin in 13%, enkephalin in 4%, and α-subuni... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1561271 Sat, 28 Jun 2008 08:15:53 +0100 1561271 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1561273&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F3u75j40826316272%2F Abstract  A 51 -year-old woman with mixed growth hormone (GH) cell-prolactin (PRL) cell pituitary adenoma is presented. She had clinical signs due to hypersecretion of GH and PRL. Resected tissue was studied immunohistochemically and morphologically. The serial sections revealed that GH and α-subunit were co-localized in most cells, while GH and PRL were localized in different cells. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Case ReportDOI 10.1007/BF02921363Authors Shigeru Furuhata, Kitasato University School of Medicine Department of Pathology KanagawaToru Kameya, Kitasato University School of Medicine Department of Pathology KanagawaTomoko Tsuruta, Kitasato University School of Medicine Department of Pathology KanagawaHeiji Naritaka, Keio University School of Medicine Depart... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1561273 Sat, 28 Jun 2008 08:15:52 +0100 1561273 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1561276&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fa76104m951r78722%2F Abstract  The ability to visualize the adrenal glands with modern imaging techniques has improved our detection of small adrenal masses. In cancer patients, metastatic tumors to the adrenal glands are common, but not all adrenal masses are metastases. Percutaneous fine needle aspiration biopsy can be used in distinguishing metastatic malignancies to the adrenal glands from primary adrenal lesions. In our series we achieved a success rate of 86% in obtaining cellular material for diagnosis. A diagnosis of metastatic malignancy obviates the need for surgical intervention and is essential for staging and therapeutic planning. Primary adrenal cortical masses with benign cytology and under 5 cm in size can be managed conservatively with follow-up scans; those with atypical cytol... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1561276 Sat, 28 Jun 2008 08:15:51 +0100 1561276 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1561275&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fj7n41w8u31137w52%2F This report presents a patient with a rectal carcinoid tumor of small size ( 14 mm in diameter), with typical growth pattern, localized in the mucosa. Despite these microscopically good prognostic features the patient died from metastatic disease 30 months later. The tumor had an unusual hormone profile with main secretion of immunoreactive motilin and serotonin. Immunocytochemically these substances were localized in separate tumor cell populations; the majority of tumor cells were motilin-immunoreactive and a minority were serotonin-immunoreactive. The patient was first treated interventionally by hepatic arterial embolizations and later medically with octreotide. The treatment resulted in long periods of good palliation related to reduced levels of tumor markers and weight gain. T... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1561275 Sat, 28 Jun 2008 08:15:51 +0100 1561275 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1561274&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Ft83m3274gumw47gl%2F Abstract  The pathological findings are described of a female patient with persistent Cushing’s disease after two unsuccessful transsphenoidal operations: a left transsphenoidal hemihypophysectomy followed by a total hypophysectomy 1 month later. The patient was finally cured by bilateral adrenalectomy but suddenly died of heart failure 4 months later. Postmortem examination did not show invasive ACTH-secreting tissue in the pituitary region or an ectopic ACTH-secreting tumor, as initially presumed. Instead, a very small corticotroph adenoma was located immediately under the diaphragm sellae at the left side. The reasons for surgical failure in Cushing’s disease are discussed. As in our patient, a missed small intrasellar adenoma must not be excluded when “total” hy... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1561274 Sat, 28 Jun 2008 08:15:51 +0100 1561274 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1561278&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fr23734160n534585%2F Abstract  Pancreatic islet cells containing both glucagon and pancreatic polypeptide simultaneously (glucagon/PP cells) were identified in the rat and human normal pancreas using immunocy-tochemical staining on consecutive serial sections and double-immunolabeling techniques on the same sections. Numerous glucagon/PP cells were found at the periphery of the islets in all regions of the pancreas, particularly in the rat. As a whole, these bipeptide-containing cells appeared in higher proportions than the cells secreting glucagon or PP separately. Double immunogold labeling performed on both surfaces of the thin tissue sections allowed differentiation between the glucagon/PP cells and the single-labeled glucagon or PP cells at the ultra-structural level. The pancreatic glucag... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1561278 Sat, 28 Jun 2008 08:15:50 +0100 1561278 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1561277&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F25230l466h3g0371%2F Content Type Journal ArticleCategory ReviewDOI 10.1007/BF02921358Authors G. Lahr, Abteilung Anatomie und Zellbiologie der Universität Ulm Albert-Einstein-Allee 11 Postfach 4066 D-7900 Ulm GermanyK. Langley, IN-SERM U-338 de Biologie de la Communication Cellulaire Strasbourg FranceC. Vereczkey, A. Szent-Györgyi Medical University Department of Anatomy Szeged HungaryO. Gratzl, Neurochirurgische Universitätsklinik Kantonsspital Basel SwitzerlandM. Gratzl, Abteilung Anatomie und Zellbiologie der Universität Ulm Albert-Einstein-Allee 11 Postfach 4066 D-7900 Ulm Germany Journal Endocrine PathologyOnline ISSN 1559-0097Print ISSN 1046-3976 Journal Volume Volume 3 Journal Issue Volume 3, Number 4 / December, 1992 (Source: Endocrine Pathology) Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1561277 Sat, 28 Jun 2008 08:15:50 +0100 1561277 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1561279&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fh0654lw723717j31%2F Abstract  The immunohistochemical localization of procollagen III peptide, a precursor of type III collagen, was examined in 38 papillary carcinomas and 25 follicular neoplasms using an immu-noperoxidase technique. Although localization of procollagen ill peptide was not demonstrated in normal follicular cells, distinct cytoplasmic immunostaining of neoplastic cells was frequently found in the tissues examined, as were stromal fibroblasts. Such cytoplasmic immunostaining was observed in 92.1 % of 38 papillary carcinomas and in 36.0% of 25 follicular neoplasms. Cytoplasmic immunoreactivity in papillary carcinomas was more intense at the peripheral zone of the tumor and correlated with the degree of invasiveness. The controls, in which the primary antibody was preabsorbed wit... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1561279 Sat, 28 Jun 2008 08:15:47 +0100 1561279 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1561280&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F9k11666663t22m14%2F Abstract  Thirty-two adrenocortical neoplasms in children and adolescents were evaluated for prognostic factors including clinical and morphological parameters and DNA ploidy. The patients were segregated into two groups according to clinical outcome: group A, represented by patients with clinically benign neoplasms (n = 15), and group B, patients with clinically malignant tumors as evidenced by local recurrence, metastases, or fatal outcome (n = 17). Clinical and morphological parameters in these two groups were evaluated using appropriate statistical methods. Parameters with a significant predictive value in terms of prognosis were age [p = .04], tumor size (p = .0003), median tumor weight (p = .0001), mitotic count (p = 0.04), and 25% tumor necrosis or more (p = .03). Twe... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1561280 Sat, 28 Jun 2008 08:15:46 +0100 1561280 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1561282&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fq644v85505j72433%2F Content Type Journal ArticleCategory EditorialDOI 10.1007/BF02921351Authors Robert V. Campos, Toronto General Hospital 200 Elizabeth Street M5G 2C4 Toronto Ontario CanadaDaniel J. Drucker, Toronto General Hospital 200 Elizabeth Street M5G 2C4 Toronto Ontario Canada Journal Endocrine PathologyOnline ISSN 1559-0097Print ISSN 1046-3976 Journal Volume Volume 3 Journal Issue Volume 3, Number 3 / September, 1992 (Source: Endocrine Pathology) Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1561282 Sat, 28 Jun 2008 08:15:45 +0100 1561282 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1561281&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F1u3r4165u24xg5n3%2F Abstract  A case of metastatic medullary thyroid carcinoma presenting with anterior pituitary dysfunction is reported. Initial evaluation revealed an intrasellar mass at a time when serum calcitonin and carcinoembryonic antigen levels were elevated, and histological analysis of resected tissue demonstrated the presence of metastatic medullary carcinoma of the thyroid. Immunohis-tochemical analysis confirmed the presence of calcitonin in the tumor cells. Like other malignant processes, metastatic medullary carcinoma of the thyroid may involve the pituitary gland and should be included in the differential diagnosis in the appropriate clinical setting. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Case ReportDOI 10.1007/BF02921357Authors Sandra E. Dempsey, University of Illinois Co... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1561281 Sat, 28 Jun 2008 08:15:45 +0100 1561281 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1553106&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fbx82mwp74g538548%2F In conclusion, bromocriptine induces a reversible lysosomal change and could inhibit gene transcription of prolactin and GH in GH3 cells.Endocr Pathol 4:28–33, 1993. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original ArticleDOI 10.1007/BF02914486Authors Keiichi Kamijo, Muroran City General Hospital Department of Internal Medicine JapanMiyako Sato, Sapporo Medical College Department of Internal Medicine JapanTeizo Saito, Sapporo Medical College Department of Internal Medicine JapanTsuyoshi Yabana, Sapporo Medical College Department of Internal Medicine JapanAkira Yachi, Sapporo Medical College Department of Internal Medicine JapanNobuyuki Fujii, Sapporo Medical College Department of Microbiology JapanTakashi Minase, NTT Sapporo Hospital Department of Clinical Laboratory Japan Jo... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1553106 Fri, 27 Jun 2008 06:04:10 +0100 1553106 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1553107&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F3817843464m3182j%2F Abstract  Adrenal medullary hyperplasia and pheochromocytomas occur frequently in laboratory rats, both in the courseof aging and in response to prolonged administration of a variety of drugs and other substances. In contrast, these lesions are rare in humans. Rat chromaffin cells proliferate throughout life, but the proliferative capacities of human chromaffin cells are unknown. To determine whether the difference in prevalence of adrenal lesions might be correlated with differences in cell proliferation, adrenal medullary cells from 3 patients undergoing radical nephrectomy were maintained in vitro for up to 2 weeks in control medium or in the presence of nerve growth factor (NGF) and/or tetradecanoyl phorbol acetate (TPA), an activator of protein kinase C. Both NGF and TP... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1553107 Fri, 27 Jun 2008 06:04:09 +0100 1553107 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1553108&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Ft2r2776068n01008%2F Content Type Journal ArticleCategory EditorialDOI 10.1007/BF02914482Authors Kamal Thapar, University of Toronto Departments of Pathology and Neurosurgery CanadaLucia Stefaneanu, University of Toronto Departments of Pathology and Neurosurgery CanadaKalman Kovacs, University of Toronto Departments of Pathology and Neurosurgery CanadaEva Horvath, University of Toronto Departments of Pathology and Neurosurgery CanadaSylvia L Asa, University of Toronto Departments of Pathology and Neurosurgery Canada Journal Endocrine PathologyOnline ISSN 1559-0097Print ISSN 1046-3976 Journal Volume Volume 4 Journal Issue Volume 4, Number 1 / March, 1993 (Source: Endocrine Pathology) Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1553108 Fri, 27 Jun 2008 06:04:06 +0100 1553108 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1553112&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fr42447q567371925%2F Abstract  The authors describe a patient whose nasal neoplasm demonstrated histological characteristics of both a moderately differentiated intestinal-type adenocarcinoma and an atypical carcinoid (well-differentiated neuroendocrine carcinoma). The adenocarcinoma displayed a predominantly papillary architecture, immunohistochemically positive staining for intestinal markers, and ultrastructural features (microvilli with long roots) characteristic of intestinal differentiation. The carcinoid component was argyrophilic, was immunoreactive with chromogranin, gastrin, and serotonin, and displayed ultrastructurally characteristic G and EC cells. The neoplasm recurred twice, and the tumor tissue from the second recurrence was composed only of neuroendocrine cells, indicating that... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1553112 Fri, 27 Jun 2008 06:04:05 +0100 1553112 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1553111&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F2812jt10l7255952%2F Abstract  An immature ovarian teratoma containing adenohypophyseal tissue with a central arteriole and interpositioned in mature neural tissue is reported in an asymptomatic 31 -year-old woman. The tumor was a grade 2 immature teratoma according to the modified ThurlbeckScully histological grading system. Immunocytochemistry showed positive staining for growth hormone, prolactin, adrenocorticotropin, and alpha-subunit human chorionic gonodotropin and negative staining for thyroid-stimulating, follicle-stimulating, and luteinizing hormones in the adenohypophysis. The absence of staining for growth-hormonereleasing and corticotropin-releasing hormones, somatostatin, vasopressin, and neurophysin in adjacent tissue is consistent with the view that adenohypophyseal development i... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1553111 Fri, 27 Jun 2008 06:04:05 +0100 1553111 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1553110&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fa4x406x479456671%2F Abstract  The immunocytochemical profile of 300 clinically nonsecreting pituitary adenomas was investigated. All tumors were diagnosed, classified, and separated into null cell adenomas, oncocytomas, and gonadotroph adenomas according to their ultrastructural morphology. The immunocytochemical analysis was based on the semiquantitative proportional estimates of positive cells immunostained for all known peptide and glycoprotein pituitary hormones including alpha-subunit. The majority of tumors (87%) were to some extent immunopositive for various hormones. Glycoprotein hormones were most frequently encountered. Usually, particularly in males, more than one subunit was present in the same tumor. In 97 tumors (32%) more than 25% of adenoma cells were immunoreactive for gfycopr... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1553110 Fri, 27 Jun 2008 06:04:05 +0100 1553110 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1553109&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fj828855200hk7317%2F Abstract  The adrenal gland has been known to be a common site of opportunistic infections and tumors that define the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) ever since the first autopsy data were published. We have examined the adrenal glands of 66 AIDS patients autopsied in New York City and tabulated and graded the findings in an attempt to estimate the likelihood of adrenal insufficiency developing on the basis of these lesions. AIDSdefining conditions were found in the adrenal glands of 56% of patients, primarily opportunistic infections (53%) and much less frequently neoplasms (3%). Cytomegaloviral (CMV) infection was by far the most common type (42%), followed by mycobacterial (8%) and fungal infections (3%). There was one case eachof Kaposi’s sarcoma and lymphoma... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1553109 Fri, 27 Jun 2008 06:04:05 +0100 1553109 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1553114&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F9k87038263283426%2F Abstract  A 24-year-old woman with a large pituitary adenoma had amenorrhea and galactorrhea, but no physical stigmata of acromegaly despite slightly elevated serum growth hormone (GH) and normal serum prolactin (PRL) levels. Subtotal removal of the tumor cured galactorrhea and resulted in normalization of serum GH concentration. The question is raised whether amenorrhea and galactorrhea were related to excessive GH production in this patient. Absence of acromegaly might have been due to the short duration of the disease. The tumor was a chromophobic, periodic acid-Schiff-negative adenoma. Immunocytochemistry and in situ hybridization revealed focal GH immunoreactivity and diffuse, weak signal for GH messenger RNA. By electron microscopy, the tumor showed no features of GH ... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1553114 Fri, 27 Jun 2008 06:04:04 +0100 1553114 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1553113&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fh81v724833q06001%2F Abstract  Thirteen cases of fatal sporadic medullary carcinoma of the thyroid (MCT) that killed the patient within 1 year after diagnosis were compared with 12 nonfatal MCTs with excellent prognosis. Males predominated in fatal cases whereas the reverse was true in MCTs with good prognosis. The two groups of tumors showed generally similar cytoarchitectural features. Outstanding features of fatal MCTs, as compared with nonfatal ones, included more cellular atypia, less frequent amyloid stroma and calcification, higher mitotic rate, tumor necrosis, and a generally lower proportion of neoplastic cells stained for calcitonin. We believe that the morphological features based on routine histological studies, together with immunohistochemistry, should be reported by the pathologi... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1553113 Fri, 27 Jun 2008 06:04:04 +0100 1553113 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1551793&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fx021819j52k85428%2F Abstract  A 44-year-old woman came to medical attention with right thyroid lobe enlargement and weight loss. Thyroid scan and ultrasound demonstrated a nodule in the right thyroid lobe; a right hemithyroidectomy was performed. Histologic examination documented granulomatous and lymphocytic thyroiditis associated with a follicular adenoma. No inflammation was apparent within the adenoma. The parallels between granulomatous thyroiditis and lymphocytic thyroiditis, including presumed viral initiation and deranged immunologic function, suggest that granulomatous thyroiditis may evolve into chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis; this case may be an example of such a transition. It is proposed that thyroid follicular adenomas have different antigenicity, which may account for the consp... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1551793 Thu, 26 Jun 2008 06:15:32 +0100 1551793 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1551796&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fd374m07520058345%2F Abstract  The monoclonal antiparathyroid antibody E11 reacts with a glycoprotein of high molecular weight, which acts as a calcium receptor on the surface of parathyroid cells and mediates calcium regulation of parathyroid hormone (PTH) release. Reduced expression of the calcium receptor has been implicated as a cause of the defect in PTH regulation in the pathological parathyroid parenchyma of patients with hyperparathyroidism (HPT). The present study evaluated the efficacy of immunostainings with the E11 antibody in comparison with routine histopathological methods including staining by the oil red O technique for histological discrimination between normal and pathological parathyroid glands. Parathyroid tissue from euparathyroid individuals invariably presented intense a... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1551796 Thu, 26 Jun 2008 06:15:27 +0100 1551796 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1551795&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fm7270288657516u4%2F We report a hitherto undescribed form of primary pituitary dwarfism associated with absence of adenohypophysial GH, prolactin (PRL), and thyrotropin (TSH). Two sisters had dwarfism, hypothyroidism, and hypoglycemia. The first child had craniofacial abnormalities and died at age 11/2 months of fluid overload. The second sibling died at age 4 years of pulmonary congestion. At autopsy, both pituitaries were small and acidophils were conspicuously absent. They contained a normal number of corticotrophs with intense adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) immunoreactivity, and gonadotrophs with normal content of α-subunit and β-subunits of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH). No GH, PRL, or β-TSH immunoreactivity was identified. The thyroid glandswere atrophic. Both chil... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1551795 Thu, 26 Jun 2008 06:15:27 +0100 1551795 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1551794&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fw86ju77411vq2777%2F We describe the case of a 55-year-old woman with visual disturbances who was found by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to have a sellar and suprasellar tumor. She underwent subtotal surgical resection by a transsphe-noidal approach. By light microscopy the tumor displayed a uniform population of short spindle cells with round to oval nuclei, separated by an abundant fibrillary stroma containing axonal processes as shown by the Bodian stain. The neoplastic cells were immunoreactive for neuron-specific enolase (NSE), synaptophysin, and vasopressin, and nonimmunoreactive for glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), bombesin, chromogranin, neurofilament, cytokeratins (high and low molecular weight), vimentin, S100 protein, somatostatin, β-endorphin, g... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1551794 Thu, 26 Jun 2008 06:15:27 +0100 1551794 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1551797&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F511105526823n300%2F Abstract  Both DNA flow and image cytometry are methods that can be used for the quantitative determination of cellular DNA content. Objective, quantitative analysis of cellular morphology can also be obtained using image cytometry. Data thus generated have been shown to be of diagnostic and prognostic use in the study of many solid tumors and would be of particular value in the evaluation of endocrine tumors that show a poor correlation between their histology and biological behavior. The main application of these techniques to endocrine tumors has been in the analysis of thyroid nodules, although a limited number of studies of parathyroid, pituitary, adrenal, and pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors and tumors of the dispersed neuroendocrine system have been reported. Review ... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1551797 Thu, 26 Jun 2008 06:15:26 +0100 1551797 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1551798&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fv2n3592rw1568734%2F Content Type Journal ArticleCategory EditorialDOI 10.1007/BF02921345Authors Uwe M. H. Schrell, University of Erlangen/Nürnberg Department of Neurosurgery 8520 Erlangen GermanyRudolf Fahlbusch, University of Erlangen/Nürnberg Department of Neurosurgery 8520 Erlangen Germany Journal Endocrine PathologyOnline ISSN 1559-0097Print ISSN 1046-3976 Journal Volume Volume 3 Journal Issue Volume 3, Number 2 / June, 1992 (Source: Endocrine Pathology) Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1551798 Thu, 26 Jun 2008 06:15:25 +0100 1551798 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1551799&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fl0rv0730271033t4%2F Abstract  A silent corticotroph adenoma with multiple cysts was found incidentally at autopsy. By immunohistochemistry, most of the adenoma cells contained reactivity for adrenocorticotropic hormone and beta-endorphin; a few cells stained for beta-subunit of luteinizing hormone. The cysts, interspersed within the tumor, were lined by cuboidal epithelium with foci of stratified squamous epithelium. The lining cells contained immunoreactive keratin; some cells were positive for S-100 protein or glial fibrillary acidic protein, and a few cells were also immuno-stained for adrenocorticotropic hormone and beta-endorphin. It is suggested that this tumor may represent a neoplasm of pars intermedia derivation. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Case ReportDOI 10.1007/BF02921343... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1551799 Thu, 26 Jun 2008 06:15:24 +0100 1551799 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1551801&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F414072650n7114j8%2F Abstract  The presence, distribution, and morphological appearance of S-100 protein-immunoreactive cells in the human hypophysis were studied by immunocytochemistry. One hundred and twelve nonadenomatous pituitaries from fetuses to adults and pituitaries affected by several lesions including metastases, acute infarcts, and lymphocytic hypophysitis, as well as 115 pituitary adenomas were examined.S-100 protein immunoreactivity was detected in neurohy-pophyseal pituicytes and stellate cells of the pars distalis from 5 months following birth. In adults, S-100 protein-immunopositive cells displayed a preferential topographical association with growth hormone-, follicle-stimulating hormone-, luteinizing hormone-, and alpha-sub-unit-immunoreactive cells and with capillary walls. ... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1551801 Thu, 26 Jun 2008 06:15:23 +0100 1551801 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1551800&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fck1x646612254440%2F Abstract  Clonal cell lines producing corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) have been generated by transfection of the W2 rat medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) cell with a CRH-encoding CMV/ SV40 expression vector. Here, we report the morphological, immunohistochemical, and ultrastructural features of rat tumors derived by implantation of CRH-producing W2CRH-7 cells and compare them with non-CRH-producing W2 MTCs. Both types of tumors grew rapidly and consisted of sheets and nests of pleomorphic cells infiltrating adjacent adipose tissue. Immunohistochemistry revealed CRH in only W2CRH-7 tumors; scattered cells in these tumors also were immunoreactive for chromogranin and for vasoactive intestinal peptide. Otherwise, the two tumor types exhibited similar profiles of various ... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1551800 Thu, 26 Jun 2008 06:15:23 +0100 1551800 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1551802&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fu36r85931p7q3120%2F Abstract  Gastric carcinoid tumors and nontumorous corpus mucosa from 4 patients suffering from chronic atrophic gastritis associated with pernicious anemia were characterized histochemically, with special reference to the cellular localization of histamine. Tissue sections were also examined for argentaffinity using the Masson technique, for argyrophilia using the Grimelius and Sevier-Munger techniques, and for chromogranin A and serotonin immunoreactivities. The majority of the tumor cells showed the staining characteristics of enterochromaffinlike cells: That is, they exhibited the argyrophil reaction with the Grimelius and Sevier-Munger techniques but lack of argentaffinity, positive histamine and chromogranin A immunostaining, but no serotonin immunoreactivity. Numerou... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1551802 Thu, 26 Jun 2008 06:15:21 +0100 1551802 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1551803&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fkw44468711713112%2F Abstract  Certain proteins, such as the chromogranins, have a ubiquitous occurrence in nearly ail peptide hormone-producing cells. To date, little is known about their functional role as structural proteins, precursors of bioactive peptides, or enzymes. Such proteins may serve as markers for endocrine cells and tumors. In the present study, we have used an antiserum that recognizes both chromogranin A and B (CAB) to demonstrate peptide hormone-producing endocrine cells and tumors in humans. The antiserum demonstrated endocrine cells all along the gastrointestinal tract, most of the islet cells, the adrenomedullary cells, the thyroid C cells, scattered endocrine cells in the respiratory tract, and numerous cells in the adenohypophysis. The CAB-positive cells outnumbered thos... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1551803 Thu, 26 Jun 2008 06:15:20 +0100 1551803 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1551806&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Ft055766659548v56%2F Abstract  In adrenocortical pathology, it is important to localize the sites of steroid biosynthesis in order to obtain a better understanding of steroid metabolism. Previous morphological techniques, including light- and electron-microscopical examination, histochemistry, and immunohisto-chemistry of steroids, as well as biochemical studies, could not satisfactorily demonstrate which types of cortical cells produce which steroid hormones. Recent purification and characterization of specific steroidogenic enzymes, such as cytochrome P-450, that are involved in adrenal steroid biosynthesis have made it possible to generate specific antibodies and DNA probes against the enzymes that catalyze specific reaction(s) in the complicated biochemical cascade of steroidogenesis. By em... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1551806 Thu, 26 Jun 2008 06:15:19 +0100 1551806 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1551805&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F3856j4274302x3m7%2F Abstract  Galectin-3 plays important roles in cell adhesion, cell proliferation, apoptosis, neoplastic transformation, and metastasis. Galectin-3 expression has been evaluated in various malignant neoplasms to determine its effectiveness in differential diagnosis from benign lesions and its effects on carcinogenesis. There are few and somewhat controversial results regarding its changes through cancer progression in thyroid malignancies. We studied the presence of galectin-3 expression immunohistochemically and its relation with tumor invasiveness and lymph node metastasis in 89 cases of papillary carcinoma of the thyroid. Galectin overexpression was less frequent in cases with lymph node metastases compared with cases without lymph node metastasis (P = 0.001). Metastati... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1551805 Thu, 26 Jun 2008 06:15:19 +0100 1551805 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1551804&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fb724w10733461552%2F Content Type Journal ArticleCategory EditorialDOI 10.1007/BF02921337Authors Ricardo V. Lloyd, University of Michigan Medical Center Department of Pathology 48109 Ann Arbor MI Journal Endocrine PathologyOnline ISSN 1559-0097Print ISSN 1046-3976 Journal Volume Volume 3 Journal Issue Volume 3, Number 1 / March, 1992 (Source: Endocrine Pathology) Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1551804 Thu, 26 Jun 2008 06:15:19 +0100 1551804 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1551807&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fj582457253172763%2F In this report, we suggest that the granulomas in both cases may have their origin in immunological malfunction, the same immunological malfunction responsible for Hashimoto’s thyroiditis. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Case ReportDOI 10.1007/BF02921344Authors David K. Driman, St. Michael’s Hospital Departments of Pathology 30 Bond Street M5B 1W8 Toronto Ontario CanadaSylvia L. Asa, St. Michael’s Hospital Departments of Pathology 30 Bond Street M5B 1W8 Toronto Ontario CanadaDavid Murray, St. Michael’s Hospital Departments of Pathology 30 Bond Street M5B 1W8 Toronto Ontario CanadaLanny G. Goluboff, University of Toronto Department of Medicine, Northwestern General Hospital Toronto Ontario CanadaRalph W. Shaw, North York General Hospital canada Journal Endocrine Pa... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1551807 Thu, 26 Jun 2008 06:15:18 +0100 1551807 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1538271&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F90321211162012j1%2F Abstract  c-kit (CD117) is a tyrosine kinase receptor involved in the proliferation, differentiation, and secretory functions of various cells. In experimental animal models, c-kit has been detected in the pars intermedia of the normal pituitary gland and in α-melanocyte-stimulating-hormone-positive adenomas and it has been suggested that it plays a role in regulating adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) secretion. To the best of our knowledge, the expression of c-kit in normal human pituitary cells and in pituitary adenomas has never been reported, so the possible biological role of this receptor in the control of pituitary hormone secretion remains unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate the immunohistochemical expression of c-kit in normal human pituitary glands an... Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1538271 Sat, 21 Jun 2008 07:15:06 +0100 1538271 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1522406&cid=s_35958_32_f&fid=35958&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Ft6m34m0r8k077837%2F Content Type Journal ArticleCategory EditorialDOI 10.1007/BF02915150Authors Kalman Kovacs, St. Michael’s Hospital Department of Pathology 30. Bond St. M5B 1W8 Toronto Ontario CanadaSylvia L. Asa, St. Michael’s Hospital Department of Pathology 30. Bond St. M5B 1W8 Toronto Ontario Canada Journal Endocrine PathologyOnline ISSN 1559-0097Print ISSN 1046-3976 Journal Volume Volume 1 Journal Issue Volume 1, Number 1 / March, 1990 (Source: Endocrine Pathology) Endocrine Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1522406 Sat, 14 Jun 2008 05:46:49 +0100 1522406