MedWorm.com provides a medical RSS filtering service. Over 6000 RSS medical sources are combined and output via different filters. This feed contains the latest items from the 'European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology' source. Tue, 07 Feb 2012 05:19:53 +0100 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5664995&cid=s_33769_162_f&fid=33769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fejlt.201100277 AbstractWe performed a survey on the yield, quality, and chemical characteristics of virgin olive oils from two olive varieties in Croatian Istria: Frantoio and Ascolana tenera, on Cherry leafroll virus‐infected and virus‐noninfected trees and on two harvest dates. Free acidity, peroxide value, specific spectrophotometric absorptions at 232 and 270 nm, fatty acid composition, total phenols, o‐diphenols, oil color, and pigments were determined. Infected olives had lower oil yield and maturity index versus healthy ones. Oils from infected fruits had significant lower value of K232 and K270 and very elevated total phenols content compared to those obtained from healthy olives. Infected Frantoio gave a lower content of o‐diphenols than the healthy ones, which is in contrast to infect... European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5664995 Wed, 01 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5664995 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5617997&cid=s_33769_162_f&fid=33769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fejlt.201100019 AbstractSummary: The main proposal of this study was to evaluate whether cold‐pressed flaxseed oil (CFO), vitamin E‐enriched hot pressed and totally refined flaxseed oils (HRFO) characterized by different qualities of micronutrients would have beneficial effects on lipid profile and antioxidant status in high‐fat fed rats. Male Wistar rats were fed synthetic diets containing 10% of HRFO, CFO, low‐dose (100 mg/100g oil) vitamin E‐enriched HRFO (L‐HRFO) or high‐dose (200 mg/100g oil) vitamin E‐enriched HRFO (H‐HRFO) respectively for 4 weeks. The results showed that plasma TG, TC and LDL‐C levels in CFO group decreased by 12%, 21% and 18% compared with HRFO group (p < 0.05), the total hepatic lipids, TC and TG levels in CFO group were also lower significantly th... European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5617997 Thu, 19 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5617997 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5617996&cid=s_33769_162_f&fid=33769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fejlt.201100147 AbstractFour blends formulated with low saturated fatty acid content, with the saturated component rich in stearic acid were prepared from shea stearin, interesterified shea stearin, fully hardened soybean oil and high oleic sunflower oil in order to study their performance as shortenings in puff pastry products. The blends had a low saturated fatty acid content (30.1 ± 1.1%) compared to butter (65.9%). Saturates in the four blends examined came mainly from SSS, SOS, SSO and SOO. Puff pastry prepared from the blend that contained SOS as the main source of saturates had better properties than the other blends. It was similar to butter in compressibility of the baked product. The β polymorphic form was present in all blends, although blends containing the highest levels of SSS also sho... European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5617996 Thu, 19 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5617996 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5617995&cid=s_33769_162_f&fid=33769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fejlt.201100347 The objective of the present study was to develop a supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) method, suitable for extraction of total oil content from linseed, and to be used as a preparative technique for fatty acid determination. Optimum conditions (volume of added ethanol as a co‐solvent, dynamic extraction time ‐ DET, and pressure) were predicted in order to obtain the maximum yield of the extract. Response surface methodology (RSM) and central composite rotatable design (CCRD) were used for modelling the process. Variable values ranged as follows: co‐solvent 0–1 ml, DET 36–60 min, and pressure 45.57–62.05 MPa (6000–9000 psi). Effects of co‐solvent volume and extraction pressure were well described by simplified polynomial equation (R2 = 0.85), since DET had no ... European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5617995 Thu, 19 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5617995 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5617994&cid=s_33769_162_f&fid=33769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fejlt.201100367 AbstractIn last two decades, rapid development of analytical methods and their combinations have enabled powerful chromatographical resolution of the regioisomers of triacylglycerols (TAGs), and their reliable determination by mass spectrometry using soft ionization methods. In this review article the resolution of TAG regioisomers by chromatography alone using silver‐ion high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), reversed‐phase (RP)–HPLC, and high‐resolution gas‐liquid chromatography (GLC) will be presented. Further, the determination of regioisomers by mass spectrometry (MS) solely, using negative ion chemical ionization tandem MS was reported. In addition, the determination of regioisomers by chromatography and MS using GLC and electron ionization (EI) MS, silver ion HPLC ... European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5617994 Thu, 19 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5617994 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5664994&cid=s_33769_162_f&fid=33769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fejlt.201100158 This study is concerned with the effect of the process of roasting of naked pumpkin seeds prior to their pressing on the chemical composition and oxidative stability of the extracted oil. Ground seeds were roasted at temperatures of 90, 110, and 130°C for 30 and 60 min, according to the traditional technology of production of roasted pumpkin oil. Depending on the roasting conditions of the seeds, this treatment resulted in a significant increase of the contents of phospholipids (from 0.005 to 0.463%), total phenolic compounds (from 4.63 to 19.60 mg/kg), and total tocopherols (from 265.79 to 350.98 mg/kg) in oil. Higher contents of these minor components enhanced the oxidative stability of the oil, i.e., increased the induction period (from 4.50 to 12.93 h). However, at the same ti... European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5664994 Mon, 16 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5664994 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5664993&cid=s_33769_162_f&fid=33769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fejlt.201100348 In this study, the methodology of shift reagents was exploited to distinguish cis and trans unsaturation in oils and fats. The differential binding of silver ions (in the form of AgFOD) to cis and trans double bonds allowed the separation of the allylic and olefinic proton signals in the 1H NMR spectra of mixtures of cis and trans methyl esters of monoene aliphatic acids and unsaturated triacylglycerol mixtures at low frequency spectrometers (300 MHz). Careful integration of the appropriate proton resonances in the recorded quantitative 1H NMR spectra afforded percentage concentrations in very good agreement with the actual values. This 1H NMR methodology was validated by analyzing AOCS Laboratory Proficiency Program GC samples containing various percentages of saturated, cis‐mono unsa... European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5664993 Mon, 16 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5664993 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5594787&cid=s_33769_162_f&fid=33769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fejlt.201100343 In conclusion, the mRNA levels of some of the genes involved in duodenal FA uptake may be altered by a fish‐meal‐ and potato‐protein‐based diet enriched with omega‐3 PUFA. This may be beneficial for the treatment of canine chronic enteropathies, particularly FRD.Practical applicationsIn this study, feeding dogs on a fish‐meal‐ and potato‐protein‐based diet enriched with omega‐3 PUFA resulted in marked suppression of intestinal inflammatory activity, mainly in the duodenum of dogs with food responsive diarrhea with a concomitant alteration of some of the genes involved in fatty acid uptake. In inflammatory bowel disease, however, a combination of diet and immunosuppressive drugs was required. The present study provides preliminary insights into the importance of the here... European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5594787 Mon, 16 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5594787 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5594786&cid=s_33769_162_f&fid=33769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fejlt.201100081 This study offered a cheap, rapid, accurate, sensitive, risk‐free and practical metal determination method after the extraction. (Source: European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology) European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5594786 Mon, 16 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5594786 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5594785&cid=s_33769_162_f&fid=33769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fejlt.201100164 AbstractSummary: Among vegetable oils, Extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) has nutritional and sensory characteristics that make it unique and a basic component of the Mediterranean diet. EVOO has always been used over the centuries for its preventive and therapeutic properties, as well as precious and valuable dietary lipidic condiment. Benefic effects of a diet rich in EVOO on the human health, especially in prevention and/or reduction of hypercholesterolaemia, serum lipoprotein levels and atherosclerosis, hypertension, cardiovascular diseases and thrombotic risk, oxidation and oxidative stress, obesity and type 2 diabetes, inflammatory processes and cancer are discussed in these review. Recent studies suggest also its role in regulating the sense of satiety. The chemical compounds of EVOO tha... European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5594785 Mon, 16 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5594785 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5594784&cid=s_33769_162_f&fid=33769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fejlt.201100348 In this study, the methodology of shift reagents was exploited to distinguish cis and trans unsaturation in oils and fats. The differential binding of silver ions (in the form of AgFOD) to cis and trans double bonds allowed the separation of the allylic and olefinic proton signals in the 1H NMR spectra of mixtures of cis and trans methyl esters of monoene aliphatic acids and unsaturated triacylglycerol mixtures at low frequency spectrometers (300 MHz). Careful integration of the appropriate proton resonances in the recorded quantitative 1H NMR spectra afforded percentage concentrations in very good agreement with the actual values. This 1H NMR methodology was validated by analyzing AOCS Laboratory Proficiency Program GC samples containing various percentages of saturated, cis‐mono unsa... European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5594784 Mon, 16 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5594784 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5594783&cid=s_33769_162_f&fid=33769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fejlt.201100331 AbstractSummary: Determination of the main phytosterols (β‐sitosterol and campesterol) and cholesterol precursors (desmosterol and lathosterol) in human serum using a simple gas chromatography‐flame ionization detector (GC‐FID) method has been validated. Direct saponification, without lipid extraction, sterols extraction and further derivatization was applied to samples prior to GC analysis. To evaluate the method, a pool of serum samples from 8 healthy women was used. Good linearity (r > 0.99) was found in the assay range: β‐sitosterol (0.99‐17.82 µg/mL), campesterol (0.14‐10.8 µg/mL), desmosterol (0.17‐2.6 µg/mL), and lathosterol (0.6‐5.97 µg/mL). Limits of detection (LOD) (ng/mL) were: 86 (β‐sitosterol), 42 (campesterol), 4 (desmosterol), 44 (lath... European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5594783 Mon, 16 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5594783 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5594782&cid=s_33769_162_f&fid=33769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fejlt.201100158 This study is concerned with the effect of the process of roasting of naked pumpkin seeds prior to its pressing on the chemical composition and oxidative stability of the extracted oil. Ground seeds were roasted at temperatures of 90, 110 and 130 °C for 30 and 60 min, according to the traditional technology of production of roasted pumpkin oil. Depending on the roasting conditions of the seeds, this treatment resulted in a significant increase of the contents of phospholipids (from 0.005 to 0.463%), total phenolic compounds (from 4.63 to 19.60 mg/kg), and total tocopherols (from 265.79 to 350.98 mg/kg) in oil. Higher contents of these minor components enhanced the oxidative stability of the oil, i.e. increased the induction period (from 4.50 to 12.93 h). However, at the same time,... European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5594782 Mon, 16 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5594782 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5664997&cid=s_33769_162_f&fid=33769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fejlt.201100215 In this study, fat blends with identical levels of SFA (50%) but differing in the ratio asymmetric/symmetric blends were evaluated by pulsed NMR and texturometry as a function of storage time and storage temperature. A higher trisaturated TAG content gave rise to a higher solid fat content (SFC) at higher temperature and a lower SFC at lower temperature for both palmitic and stearic based blends. On the other hand, the effect of symmetry on the SFC‐profile of the blends was only clear for the stearic based blends. At lower temperatures, the SFC of symmetric TAG based blend (blend SM) was markedly lower than that of asymmetric TAG based blend (blend iS). However, from 30°C onwards, the SFC of blend SM was clearly higher than that of blend iS. The microscopic analyses revealed a denser cr... European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5664997 Wed, 11 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5664997 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5664996&cid=s_33769_162_f&fid=33769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fejlt.201100300 This study indicated that the composition and content of wax, policosanol, and long‐chain aldehydes may vary depending on the cultivar of the sugarcane and the specific part of the sugarcane analyzed, as well as on the degree of sugarcane maturity.Practical applications: Different sugarcane cultivars have been evaluated in terms of their usefulness as a source of policosanol, which is a valuable wax component that may have beneficial effects on human health. Policosanol is the common name that refers to a group of long‐chain (C20–C30) aliphatic primary alcohols that are of great interest since their effects include reduction of platelet aggregation, reduction of low‐density lipoprotein levels in blood, inhibition of cholesterol synthesis, and prevention of atherosclerosis developme... European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5664996 Wed, 11 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5664996 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5594789&cid=s_33769_162_f&fid=33769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fejlt.201100289 AbstractTo elucidate the weight and the influence of the cultivation area and climatic conditions on volatiles of virgin olive oil from Gemlik cultivar, an investigation was carried out. Five Turkish geographical zones (Balıkesir, Aydın, Manisa, Antalya and Hatay) were chosen. From these areas, fruits were collected at the same maturity stage and processed using a small experimental olive oil mill, applying the same processing conditions for all olive samples. Headspace solid‐phase microextraction (HS‐SPME) technique coupled to gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) was used for volatile analysis. Twenty‐seven compounds were identified and characterized, representing 96.40–98.74% of the total GC area. The major volatile representing about 50% was the (E)‐2‐hexenal. This... European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5594789 Wed, 11 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5594789 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5594788&cid=s_33769_162_f&fid=33769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fejlt.201100215 In this study, fats blends with the same level of saturated fatty acid content (50%) but differing in the ratio asymmetric/symmetric blends were evaluated by pNMR and texturometry as a function of storage time and storage temperature. A higher trisaturated TAG content gave rise to a higher SFC at higher temperature and a lower SFC at lower temperature for both palmitic and stearic based blends. On the other hand, the effect of symmetry on the SFC‐profile of the blends was only clear for the stearic based blends. At lower temperatures, the SFC of symmetric TAG based blend (blend SM) was markedly lower than of asymmetric TAG based blend (blend iS). However, from 30°C onwards, the SFC of blend SM was clearly higher than of blend iS. The microscopic analyses revealed a denser crystal networ... European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5594788 Wed, 11 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5594788 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5578299&cid=s_33769_162_f&fid=33769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fejlt.201100346 AbstractTransesterification of phytosterols with short and medium chain fatty acids ethyl esters and with tributyrin catalyzed by Candida rugosa and Pseudomonas stutzeri TL lipases in solvent‐free medium were studied including the effects of temperature, fatty acid specificity, enzyme quantity, the residual activity of each lipase and reduced pressure. More than the 90% of the original phytosterols were transformed into their corresponding phystosteryl esters after 3‐4 h reaction at 50‐60 °C and at 100‐350 mbar. Then product mixtures containing 40‐50% (w/w) phystosteryl esters were vacuum distilled to remove molar excess of short and medium chain fatty acid ethyl esters utilized in the enzymatic reaction. By this methodology, purities > 95% in short and medium chain phytoster... European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5578299 Wed, 11 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5578299 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5578298&cid=s_33769_162_f&fid=33769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fejlt.201100240 In this study, the thermal stability of some phenolic antioxidants including flavonoids (quercetin and catechin) and phenolic acids (gallic acid, tannic acid, ellagic acid, and caffeic acid) in tallow olein was investigated. Tallow olein fractionated from sheep tallow fat was used as a medium to study the antioxidant activity at 120, 140, 160, and 180°C. In order to extract tallow olein, a three‐stage fractionation method was performed on sheep tallow fat at the constant temperatures of 25, 15, and 5°C using acetone as a solvent. The results suggested that quercetin and ellagic acid had the highest thermal stability amongst others, while gallic acid and caffeic acid exhibited the least thermal stability.Practical applicationsThe sheep tallow fat has been primarily used in soap manufact... European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5578298 Wed, 11 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5578298 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5578297&cid=s_33769_162_f&fid=33769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fejlt.201100328 This study may give new insight and could help to understanding the behavior and biological roles of the sphingolipids under oxidative stress conditions. (Source: European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology) European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5578297 Wed, 11 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5578297 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5578296&cid=s_33769_162_f&fid=33769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fejlt.201100300 This study indicated that the composition and content of wax, policosanol and long‐chain aldehydes may vary depending on the cultivar of the sugarcane and the specific part of the sugarcane analyzed, as well as on the degree of sugarcane maturity.Practical applicationsThe practical application of this study is that different sugarcane cultivars have been evaluated in terms of their usefulness as a source of policosanol, which is a valuable wax component that may have beneficial effects on human health. Policosanol is the common name that refers to a group of long‐chain (C20‐C30) aliphatic primary alcohols that are of great interest since their effects include reduction of platelet aggregation, reduction of low‐density lipoprotein levels in blood, inhibition of cholesterol synthesis... European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5578296 Wed, 11 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5578296 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5625964&cid=s_33769_162_f&fid=33769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fejlt.201100330 AbstractThe high level of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) in fish oil, primarily eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) result in rapid oxidation of the oil. Current methods used to assess oxidation have little correlation with sensory properties of fish oils. Here we describe an alternative method using solid phase microextraction (SPME) combined with gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry to monitor volatile oxidation products. Stepwise discriminant function analysis (DFA) was used to classify oils characterized as acceptable or unacceptable based on sensory analysis; a cross validated success rate of 100% was achieved with the function. The classification function was also successfully validated with tasted samples that were not used to create the method. A total ... European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5625964 Sun, 01 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5625964 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5617993&cid=s_33769_162_f&fid=33769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fejlt.201100231 AbstractEffect of roasting temperature and roasting duration on oil yield (OY) and quality of melon seed (Citrullus lanatus Thunb) was studied using response surface methodology. Five levels of roasting temperature (87.6, 100, 130, 160, and 172.4°C) and duration (12.9, 15, 20, 25, and 27.1 min.) considered. Quality parameters determined were specific gravity (SG), colour (CO), free fatty acid (FFA), and anisidine value (AV). Recorded range of OY, SG, CO, FFA, and AV were 44.0 to 67.5%, 0.9 to 1.0, and 13.1 to 94.0 abs, 1.7 to 5.3%, and 3.9 to 28.2 mg/l, respectively. The variables have significant effect (p < 0.05) on all the responses with exception of specific gravity. Coefficients of determination (R2) of predictive equations for OY, CO, FFA and AV were 0.79, 0.97, 0.95, and 0.95, r... European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5617993 Sun, 01 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5617993 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5594794&cid=s_33769_162_f&fid=33769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fejlt.201100411 (Source: European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology) European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5594794 Sun, 01 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5594794 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5594793&cid=s_33769_162_f&fid=33769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fejlt.201290002 (Source: European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology) European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5594793 Sun, 01 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5594793 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5594792&cid=s_33769_162_f&fid=33769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fejlt.201290001 (Source: European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology) European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5594792 Sun, 01 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5594792 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5594791&cid=s_33769_162_f&fid=33769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fejlt.201290000 (Source: European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology) European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5594791 Sun, 01 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5594791 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5594781&cid=s_33769_162_f&fid=33769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fejlt.201100129 This study focuses on the evaluation of the content of phenolic compounds in olive oils originated from cross breeding in an olive breeding program (Cordoba, Spain). This step is crucial to determine the range of variation of phenolic compounds and the selection of interesting genotypes with higher composition in total phenols or in an individual phenol targeted at a breeding program. (Source: European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology) European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5594781 Sun, 01 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5594781 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5513528&cid=s_33769_162_f&fid=33769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fejlt.201100234 AbstractThe quantitative production of microalgae oil is often overestimated. The cost of the salts invested in the production of 1 kg algal diesel approximates the actual price of 1 kg mineral diesel. Total sum of electrical energy expenses for production of biodiesel from microalgae is several‐fold higher than the energy income from combustion of the same quantity. The biological value of cultivated microalgae as food is much higher than as fuel. An opinion is shared, that money ought to be invested in microalgal biomass production as a food additive, forage and pharmaceuticals. The aim is to prevent making too hasty steps and investments in microalgal biodiesel. (Source: European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology) European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5513528 Fri, 16 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5513528 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5594790&cid=s_33769_162_f&fid=33769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fejlt.201100296 AbstractThe aim of the present study was to compare different rape varieties. For this purpose oil from six different varieties of rapeseeds was cold pressed under laboratory conditions. In the obtained rapeseed oils the fatty acids composition and minor components, characteristic values (acid value; AV and TOTOX), oxidative stability (DSC test), and volatiles were determined and a sensory evaluation was carried out. The highest oxidative stability was found for oil from sample 5 (IP = 158 min), which also has the lowest amount of C18:3 (7.8%), chlorophylls (0.083 mg/kg), and metals (Cu2+ 0.02 mg/kg and Fe2+ 0.08 mg/kg). This oil has also the lowest AV (0.17 mg KOH/g), which may be related to the lowest moisture content of the seeds prior to extraction. It was characterized b... European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5594790 Mon, 12 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5594790 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5502495&cid=s_33769_162_f&fid=33769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fejlt.201100296 AbstractThe aim of the present study was to compare different rape varieties. For this purpose oil from six different varieties of rapeseeds was cold pressed in laboratory conditions. In obtained rapeseed oils the fatty acids composition and minor components, characteristic values (acid AV, and TOTOX), oxidative stability (DSC test) and volatiles were determined and the sensory evaluation was carried out.The most oxidative stability was found for oil from sample 5 (IP=158 min), which also has the lowest amount of C18:3 (7.8%), chlorophylls (0.083 mg/kg), metals (Cu2+ 0.02 mg/kg, Fe2+ 0.08 mg/kg). This oil has also the lowest acid value (0.17 mg KOH/g), which may be related to the lowest moisture content of the seeds prior to extraction. It was characterized by the highest rapeseed flavor i... European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5502495 Mon, 12 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5502495 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5550633&cid=s_33769_162_f&fid=33769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fejlt.201100248 AbstractThe snow alga Chlamydomonas nivalis is a typical microalgal species that can adapt and resist to natural habitats in the polar region and similar extreme environments. In response to various stress conditions, the change of lipid profile in cell membrane systems is known to play a vital role in cell survival and reproduction. In the present work, to elucidate the involvement of intracellular lipids in the molecular mechanism of cell response and adaptation to salt stress, C. nivalis was cultured and treated with different sodium chloride (NaCl) concentrations in different time courses. The ultra performance liquid chromatography/quadrupole‐TOF‐MS (UPLC/Q‐TOF‐MS)‐based approach was developed for lipidomic profiling followed by multivariate statistical analysis including pa... European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5550633 Wed, 07 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5550633 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5484594&cid=s_33769_162_f&fid=33769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fejlt.201100248 AbstractThe snow alga Chlamydomonas nivalis is a typical microalgal species that can adapt and resist to natural habitats in the polar region and similar extreme environments. In response to various stress conditions, the change of lipid profile in cell membrane systems is known to play a vital role in cell survival and reproduction. In the present work, to elucidate the molecular mechanism of intracellular lipids on cell response and adaptation to salt stress, Chlamydomonas nivalis was cultured and treated with different sodium chloride (NaCl) concentrations in different time courses. The UPLC/Q‐TOF‐MS‐based approach was developed for lipidomic profiling followed by multivariate statistical analysis including PLS‐DA and OPLS‐DA for data classification and potential biomarkers se... European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5484594 Wed, 07 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5484594 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5617998&cid=s_33769_162_f&fid=33769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fejlt.201100059 AbstractThe flavor of sesame oil significantly depends on the roasting conditions and the relative concentrations of volatiles. In the present study, volatile components from three varieties of sesame oil produced by roasting the seeds under different conditions were analyzed and profiled using GC–mass chromatography. The results showed that the roasting temperature had an obvious effect on the aroma of the oils since there was an increase in the concentration of the volatiles responsible for aroma such as pyrazines, furans, and sesamol as the temperature at which the seeds were roasted was increased. However, the concentration of some components such as alcohols and aldehydes, decreased with an increase in the roasting temperature. The roasting conditions have an important effect on the... European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5617998 Tue, 06 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5617998 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5550634&cid=s_33769_162_f&fid=33769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fejlt.201100103 AbstractTo evaluate the effects of repeated deep‐frying on the trans‐fatty acid (TFA) formation in soybean oils, simultaneous frying experiments were carried out. French fries were prepared using three different types of soybean oil (pressed soybean oil, PSBO; first‐grade solvent extracted soybean oil, FG‐SESBO; and third‐grade solvent extracted soybean oil, TG‐SESBO). French fries were fried intermittently at 180–185°C for a total frying time of 32 h and at an interval time of 30 min. It was found that the initial amount of total TFAs was 0.29 g/100 g, 0.31 g/100 g, and 0.90 g/100 g in PSBO, TG‐SESBO, and FG‐SESBO, respectively. Before the frying started, the C18:1,t‐9, trans‐linoleic acid (TLA), trans‐linolenic acid (TLNA), and total TFA content o... European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5550634 Tue, 06 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5550634 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5550632&cid=s_33769_162_f&fid=33769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fejlt.201100305 In conclusion, polymerization was a considerable reaction as part of the autoxidation of steryl esters. Moreover, the reaction competed with the formation of secondary oxidation products.Practical applications: Several types of food products are fortified with plant sterols because of their ability to lower serum cholesterol levels. Therefore, it is important to study the oxidation behavior of sterols and their conjugates. The subject is relevant since radicals and oxidation products of sterols may form during the manufacture of the preparations, thus leading to higher contents of oxides and possibly oligomers in the final food products. Polymerization of lipids could affect also the cholesterol‐lowering efficiency of plant sterols in fortified food products. The obtained results improve... European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5550632 Tue, 06 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5550632 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5484598&cid=s_33769_162_f&fid=33769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fejlt.201100305 In conclusion, polymerization was a considerable reaction as part of the autoxidation of steryl esters. Moreover, the reaction competed with the formation of secondary oxidation products.Practical applications: Several types of food products are fortified with plant sterols because of their ability to lower serum cholesterol levels. Therefore, it is important to study the oxidation behaviour of sterols and their conjugates. The subject is relevant since radicals and oxidation products of sterols may form during the manufacture of the preparations, thus leading to higher contents of oxides and possibly oligomers in the final food products. Polymerization of lipids could affect also the cholesterol‐lowering efficiency of plant sterols in fortified food products. To our knowledge, this is t... European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5484598 Tue, 06 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5484598 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5484597&cid=s_33769_162_f&fid=33769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fejlt.201100264 AbstractArthrospira platensis (Spirulina) is an important source of pharmaceuticals and nutraceuticals such as γ‐linolenic acid (GLnA). Effects of several parameters including carbon source (glucose, ethanol and acetic acid), type of addition (batch or fed‐batch), light intensity (2.0, 3.5 and 5.0 klx) were investigated in the mixotrophic cultivation of Spirulina (using both light and carbon source). The obtained Spirulina was analyzed in terms of biomass, lipid, and GLnA production. Compared to photoautotrophic conditions (i.e., when using light without external carbon source), the biomass concentration was found to be higher when Spirulina was grown mixotrophically. Similarly, the lipid content as well as the GLnA was found at higher levels when using mixotrophic conditions. Effects... European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5484597 Tue, 06 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5484597 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5484596&cid=s_33769_162_f&fid=33769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fejlt.201100103 AbstractTo evaluate the effects of repeated deep‐frying on the trans‐fatty acid (TFA) formation of soybean oils, simultaneous frying experiments were carried out. French fries were prepared using three different types of soybean oil (pressed soybean oil, PSBO; first grade solvent extracted soybean oil, FG‐SESBO; and third grade solvent extracted soybean oil, TG‐SESBO). French fries were fried intermittently at 180∼185°C for a total frying time of 32 h and at an interval time of 30 min. It was found that the initial amount of total TFAs was 0.29 g/100 g, 0.31 g/100 g and 0.90 g/100 g in PSBO, TG‐SESBO, and FG‐SESBO, respectively. Before the frying started, the C18:1,t‐9, trans‐linoleic acid (TLA), trans‐linolenic acid (TLNA), and total TFA content of the... European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5484596 Tue, 06 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5484596 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5484595&cid=s_33769_162_f&fid=33769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fejlt.201100059 AbstractThe flavor of sesame oil significantly depends on the roasting conditions and the relative concentrations of volatiles. In the present study, volatile components from three varieties of sesame oil produced by roasting the seeds under different conditions were analyzed and profiled using gas chromatography – mass chromatography. The results showed that the roasting temperature had an obvious effect on the aroma of the oils since there was an increase in the concentration of the volatiles responsible for aroma such as pyrazines, furans and sesamol as the temperature at which the seeds were roasted was increased. However, the concentration of some components such as alcohols and aldehydes, decreased with an increase in the roasting temperature. The roasting conditions have an import... European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5484595 Tue, 06 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5484595 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5474466&cid=s_33769_162_f&fid=33769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fejlt.201100008 In conclusion, several of the presented plant seeds contain considerable amounts of n‐3 PUFA and GLA, which could be relevant for nutritional purposes due to their biological function as precursors for eicosanoid synthesis.Practical applications:N‐3 PUFA are important for human health and nutrition. Unfortunately, due to an increasing world population, overfishing of the seas and generally low amounts of n‐3 PUFA in major oil crops, there is a demand for new sources of n‐3 PUFA. One approach involves searching for potential vegetable sources of n‐3 PUFA; especially those rich in ALA and SDA. The conversion of ALA to SDA in humans is dependent on the rate‐limiting ▵6‐desaturation. Plant‐derived SDA is therefore a promising precursor regarding the endogenous synthesis of n�... European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5474466 Mon, 05 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5474466 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5578295&cid=s_33769_162_f&fid=33769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fejlt.201100239 AbstractSeveral food‐grade bacteria are known to produce conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) and conjugated linolenic acid (CLNA) from linoleic acid (LA) and a‐linolenic acid (ALA), respectively. Therefore, bifidobacteria and a Lactobacillus sakei strain, able to produce CLA and CLNA in vitro, were applied as starter cultures for the fermentation of milk and meat, respectively. However, for both the fermented milk and meat no increase in CLA and CLNA content was obtained. Although, LA and ALA were present in sufficient amounts in milk, their availability as free fatty acids was likely too low. During meat fermentation, the prevailing temperature and pH conditions most probably were the limiting factors for conversion of LA and ALA.Practical applications: The market interest in CLA and CLNA ... European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5578295 Thu, 01 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5578295 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5550635&cid=s_33769_162_f&fid=33769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fejlt.201100111 AbstractThe free fatty acids (FFAs) of waste cooking oil (WCO) are readily esterified with crude glycerol in the presence of the solid superacid SO/ZrO2–Al2O3. This reaction lowers the acidity of WCO before biodiesel production. The solid superacid SO/ZrO2–Al2O3 catalyzes both FFA esterification and TAG glycerolysis during the reaction. The conversion of FFA in the WCO with an acid value of 88.4 ± 0.5 mg KOH/g to acylglycerols was 98.4% under optimal conditions (mole ratio of glycerol to FFA = 1.4:1; reaction time = 4 h; reaction temperature = 200°C; catalyst loading = 0.3 wt%) obtained through an orthogonal experiment. The final FAME product with a FAME content of 96.9 ± 0.3 wt% yield was 94.8 wt%, after transesterification of the esterified WCO wi... European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5550635 Thu, 01 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5550635 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5550631&cid=s_33769_162_f&fid=33769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fejlt.201100253 This study investigates the hypothesis that the ethyl acetate extract of rice fermented with red yeast (Monascuspilosus) in medium containing garlic (RYRGE) inhibits the differentiation of 3T3‐L1 preadipocytes by down regulating cellular induction of PPARγ, and C/EBPα. Mouse 3T3‐L1 preadipocytes were treated with 0.0, 0.125 and 0.25 mg/ml of RYRGE, and Oil Red O staining, triglyceride accumulation and glyceradehyde‐3‐phosphate dehydrogenase (GPDH) activity were measured as markers of adipocyte differentiation. The protein and mRNA expressions of PPARγ and C/EBPα were measured using Western Blot and RT‐PCR, respectively. The mRNA expressions of leptin and aP2 genes were measured using RT‐PCR. RYRGE significantly inhibited lipid accumulation and GPDH activity in dose‐depend... European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5550631 Thu, 01 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5550631 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5513527&cid=s_33769_162_f&fid=33769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fejlt.201100078 This study reports on the HPLC profiles of the phenolic compounds of virgin olive oils obtained from Arbequina olives from the harvesting in a super‐intensive orchard under a linear irrigation system. In addition, phenolic content, carotenoid and chlorophyllic pigments, and oxidative stability were analysed. Total phenol content and 3,4‐DHPEA‐EDA increased up to a maximum throughout the ripening process. The simple phenols tyrosol and hydroxytyrosol acetate increased throughout the ripening process, however, there was not found a clear trend in hydroxytyrosol content. Minor constituents such as vanillic acid and p‐coumaric acid increased up to a maximum and then decreased, since vanillin decreased progressively throughout the time of harvest. 3,4‐DHPEA‐EDA and lignans were pres... European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5513527 Thu, 01 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5513527 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5502501&cid=s_33769_162_f&fid=33769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fejlt.201100100 AbstractPhytosterols are a family of compounds similar to cholesterol which have been shown to lower cholesterol levels when supplemented in the diet. A daily dose of 2–3 g of phytosterols has been shown to reduce LDL‐cholesterol levels by 5–15%. Phytosterol supplementation can be undertaken using phytosterol enriched functional foods or nutraceutical preparations. The type of phytosterol supplemented, such as plant sterol or saturated plant stanol appear to be equally effective in lowering cholesterol levels. Phytosterols, whether in esterified or free form have both been shown to lower cholesterol levels, with esterified phytosterol formulations having a greater number of clinical trials demonstrating efficacy. The functional food or nutraceutical matrix which is used to deliver ... European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5502501 Thu, 01 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5502501 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5502500&cid=s_33769_162_f&fid=33769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fejlt.201100396 (Source: European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology) European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5502500 Thu, 01 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5502500 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5502499&cid=s_33769_162_f&fid=33769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fejlt.201190038 (Source: European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology) European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5502499 Thu, 01 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5502499 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5502498&cid=s_33769_162_f&fid=33769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fejlt.201190037 (Source: European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology) European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5502498 Thu, 01 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5502498 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5502497&cid=s_33769_162_f&fid=33769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fejlt.201190036 (Source: European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology) European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5502497 Thu, 01 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5502497 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5502494&cid=s_33769_162_f&fid=33769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fejlt.201100313 AbstractThe nature of the fatty acids and other lipophilic components in extracts from black currant seed and pomace (containing seed), were investigated, with a view to highlighting any potential uses. The same non‐hydroxylated fatty acids were the major components in both types of extract, but total levels were less in pomace (75582 mg 100g−1 oil) than in seed alone (90972 mg 100g−1 oil) and there were less unsaturated fatty acids, including GLA (8653 and 12625 mg 100g−1 oil, respectively), but long chain n‐20:0 ‐ n‐30:0 fatty acids (4080 and 437 mg 100g−1 oil respectively) were greatly increased in pomace. Phytosterols (mainly β‐sitosterol), saturated n‐20:0 ‐ n‐30:0 policosanols, ω‐hydroxy fatty acids (mainly 16‐hydroxy 16:0) and 2‐hydroxy fatty acids (m... European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5502494 Thu, 01 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5502494 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5419429&cid=s_33769_162_f&fid=33769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fejlt.201100074 AbstractThere is increasing evidence that the positional fatty acid composition of triacylglycerols is more important than total fatty acid composition in the aspect of nutrition values of edible oils and fats. A rapid and direct regiospecific analysis of positional fatty acids in triacylglycerols (TAG) using 13C NMR was developed to overcome the tedious conventional methods which involve enzymatic hydrolysis, Grignard chemical degradation and chromatography analysis. A set of NMR data acquisition parameters and processing methods had been proven its excellent versatility and applicability on various types of oils and fats, with systematic error at 1.0 mol %. It was found that there are discrepancies between the regiospecific analysis results obtained by current method and reported resul... European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5419429 Wed, 16 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5419429 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5419428&cid=s_33769_162_f&fid=33769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fejlt.201100156 AbstractThe study was carried out to investigate the changes in main fat groups saturated (SFA), monoene (MUFA), trans (TFA) and polyunsaturated (PUFA) fatty acids and their key fatty acid ratios (SFA/UFA, cis PUFA/SFA, C18:2/C16:0 and C18:3/C16:0) during potato chips frying in canola oil using single bounce attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared (SB‐ATR‐FTIR) spectroscopy. The data obtained from gas chromatography‐flame ionization detector (GC‐FID) used as reference. The calibration of main fat groups and their key fatty acid ratios were developed by partial least square (PLS) regression coefficients using 4000 to 650 cm−1 spectral range. FT‐IR PLS regression for the predicted SFA, MUFA, TFA and PUFA were found 0.999, 0.998, 0.998 and 0.999 respectively. Where... European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5419428 Wed, 16 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5419428 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5419427&cid=s_33769_162_f&fid=33769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fejlt.201100309 AbstractNADH‐cytochrome b5 oxidoreductase (Ncb5or) in endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is involved in fatty acid metabolism, and Ncb5or−/− mice fed standard chow (SC) are insulin‐sensitive but weigh less than wild type (WT) littermates. Ncb5or−/− mice develop hyperglycemia at about age 7 weeks due to β‐cell dysfunction and loss associated with saturated fatty acid accumulation and manifestations of ER and oxidative stress. Here we report that when Ncb5or−/− mice born to heterozygous mothers fed a high fat (HF) diet continue to ingest HF, they weigh as much as SC‐fed WT at age 5 weeks. By age 7 weeks, diabetes mellitus develops in all HF‐fed vs. 68% of SC‐fed Ncb5or−/− mice. Islet β‐cell content in age 5‐week Ncb5or−/− mice fed HF for 7 days is lower (53%) th... European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5419427 Wed, 16 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5419427 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5513530&cid=s_33769_162_f&fid=33769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fejlt.201100169 AbstractLysophosphatidylcholine (lysoPC) with polyunsaturated fatty acyl chains has been known to be anti‐inflammatory in vivo. In the present study, we examined the effect of docosahexaenoyl‐lysophosphatidylcholine (DHE‐lysoPC) and 17‐hydroxydocosahexaenoyl‐lysophosphatidylcholine (17‐HDHE‐lysoPC) on spleen weight and cytokine level in spleen of mice treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). For this purpose, mice were administrated i.p. with DHE‐lysoPC or 17‐HDHE‐lysoPC 1 h before i.p. injection of LPS. First, DHE‐lysoPC (50–400 µg/kg) was found to suppress the LPS‐induced increase of spleen weight dose‐dependently, and such a suppressive effect was greater for 17‐HDHE‐lysoPC, compared to DHE‐lysoPC. Next, in an attempt to see the effect of DHE‐lysoP... European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5513530 Wed, 09 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5513530 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5398191&cid=s_33769_162_f&fid=33769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fejlt.201100002 AbstractThe aim of the present study was to evaluate the antioxidative effect of lipophilized dihydrocaffeic acid, i.e. octyl dihydrocaffeate and oleyl dihydrocaffeate. Furthermore, the relationship between the measured efficacy of the antioxidants in emulsions and their partitioning into different phases of an emulsion system and their in vitro antioxidant properties was also evaluated. Lipid oxidation in the emulsions was affected by the antioxidants applied. Thus, despite a reduced antioxidant activity of lipophilized dihydrocaffeic acid in the antioxidant assays, lipophilized dihydrocaffeic acid was more efficient than caffeic and dihydrocaffeic acids. Octyl dihydrocaffeate had a significantly higher antioxidative effect than oleyl dihydrocaffeate in emulsions. The results partly suppo... European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5398191 Wed, 09 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5398191 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5398190&cid=s_33769_162_f&fid=33769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fejlt.201100254 AbstractThe current study was conducted to determine optimal levels of dietary saturated fatty acid (SFA), n‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) and to study potential n‐3 sparing effect of dietary SFA for Malaysian mahseer Tor tambroides. Juvenile T. tambroides were fed four trial diets with similar basal composition but different oil mixtures in a 2 × 2 factorial experimental design for 10 weeks. The two factors were the levels of dietary SFA and the levels of dietary n‐3 PUFAs. Growth performance and fatty acid profile of tissues were analyzed at the end of the experiment. Significant differences in growth performance were observed among treatments, and fish fed the low n‐3–high saturated fatty acid diet showed the best growth performance. T. tambroides fed the high n‐3... European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5398190 Wed, 09 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5398190 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5398189&cid=s_33769_162_f&fid=33769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fejlt.201100113 AbstractLipid oxidation is the main deterioration process that occurs in vegetable oils containing lipid molecules with polyunsaturation. The aim of the present study was to investigate the possible effects of blackseed (Nigella Sativa L.) essential oil (BEO) and rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) extract (RE) on stabilization of sunflower oil under accelerated storage conditions. RE was obtained by soxhlet extraction using methanol whereas BEO was hydrodistilled from the blackseed extract obtained by extraction using petroleum ether (b.p. 40–60°C). The results indicate that both extracts stabilize sunflower oil to a certain extent, the extent being greater with RE than with BEO based on measurements of peroxide value, p‐anisidine value, amount of nonoxidized linoleic acid in saponi... European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5398189 Wed, 09 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5398189 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5398188&cid=s_33769_162_f&fid=33769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fejlt.201100169 AbstractLysophosphatidylcholine (lysoPC) with polyunsaturated fatty acyl chains has been known to be anti‐inflammatory in vivo. In the present study, we examined the effect of docosahexaenoyl‐lysophosphatidylcholine (DHE‐lysoPC) and 17‐hydroxydocosahexaenoyl‐lysophosphatidylcholine (17‐HDHE‐lysoPC) on spleen weight and cytokine level in spleen of mice treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). For this purpose, mice were administrated i.p. with DHE‐lysoPC or 17‐HDHE‐lysoPC 1 h before i.p. injection of LPS. First, DHE‐lysoPC (50–400 µg/kg) was found to suppress the LPS‐induced increase of spleen weight dose‐dependently, and such a suppressive effect was greater for 17‐HDHE‐lysoPC, compared to DHE‐lysoPC. Next, in an attempt to see the effect of DHE‐lysoP... European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5398188 Wed, 09 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5398188 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5398187&cid=s_33769_162_f&fid=33769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fejlt.201100181 AbstractThe total antioxidant capacity of edible oils corresponds to the integrated action of antioxidant compounds. The antioxidant capacity may be used as a proxy of the chemical antioxidant activities of components in oils, but this hypothesis has not been tested by multivariate statistical analysis. Tocols, fatty acids, artificial antioxidants, peroxide value, conjugated dienes, and total antioxidant capacity were determined in samples of refined oils of soybean, corn, canola, and sunflower. Generalized linear models and multiple regression models were adjusted to estimate the integrated association between the total antioxidant capacity and chemical components of oils. The generalized linear model of antioxidant capacity better adjusted to the data because the descriptive variable typ... European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5398187 Wed, 09 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5398187 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5513529&cid=s_33769_162_f&fid=33769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fejlt.201100120 AbstractIn this paper subcritical co‐solvents extraction (SCE) of algal lipid from wet pastes of Nannochloropsis sp. is examined. The influences of five operating parameters including the ratio between ethanol to hexane, the ratio of mixed solvents to algal biomass (dry weight), extraction temperature, pressure, and time were investigated. The determined optimum extraction conditions were 3:1 (hexane to ethanol ratio), 10:1 ratio (co‐solvents to microalgae (dry weight) ratio), 90°C, 1.4 MPa, and 50 min, which could produce 88% recovery rate of the total lipids. In addition, electron micrographs of transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were conducted to show that the algal cell presented shrunken, collapsed with some wrinkles and microholes a... European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5513529 Tue, 08 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5513529 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5398195&cid=s_33769_162_f&fid=33769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fejlt.201100120 AbstractThis paper examined subcritical co‐solvents extraction (SCE) of algal lipid from wet pastes of Nannochloropsis sp.. The influences of five operating parameters including the ratio between ethanol to hexane, the ratio of mixed solvents to algal biomass (dry weight), extraction temperature, pressure and time were investigated. The determined optimum extraction condition were 3:1 (hexane to ethanol ratio), 10:1 ratio (co‐solvents to microalgae (dry weight) ratio), 90°C, 1.4MPa and 50min, which could produce 88.21% recovery rate of the total lipids. In addition, electron micrographs of transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were conducted to show that the algal cell presented shrunken, collapsed with some wrinkles and micro‐holes after SCE ... European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5398195 Tue, 08 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5398195 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5398194&cid=s_33769_162_f&fid=33769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fejlt.201100067 AbstractFatty acid composition of roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L) seed oil was determined and oil extraction was optimized using response surface methodology. Five levels of the variables, roasting duration (10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 min.) and temperature (80, 90, 100, 110 and 120 oC) were used. Oil yield, free fatty acid, anisidine value, specific gravity and stability were responses and determined using standard methods. Major fatty acids found were oleic acid (37.92%), linoleic (35.01%), palmitic (19.65%) and stearic (6.07%). Myristic (0.16), myristoleic (0.17), palmitoleic (0.56), arachidic (0.14), and eicosatrienoic (0.20) were minor fatty acids content. Oil yield, free fatty acid, anisidine value, specific gravity and stability varied from 18 ‐ 23%, 0.56 ‐ 4.11%, 6.93 ‐ 35.7 mg... European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5398194 Tue, 08 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5398194 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5398193&cid=s_33769_162_f&fid=33769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fejlt.201000471 This study reports an improved route to synthesizing sbc‐FAs from monounsaturated fatty acids using a modified H‐Ferrierite zeolite catalyst in conjunction with small amounts of triphenylphosphine additive. The yields of sbc‐FAs (up to 80 wt%) and co‐products (up to15 wt%) were determined using a modification of a previously reported GC method. A more detailed analysis of the distribution of sbc‐FA isomers in the products was made by the combined use of GC × GC‐ToF‐MS. Additionally, it was found that the H‐Ferrierite zeolite catalyst was recyclable and reusable up to 10 times without significant loss of activity and selectivity for sbc‐FAs. (Source: European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology) European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5398193 Tue, 08 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5398193 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5398192&cid=s_33769_162_f&fid=33769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fejlt.201100208 AbstractBroa is an example of bread that is a good candidate for inclusion in functional diets, so it deserves further in‐depth study of its chemical composition – namely with regard to evolution of the lipid profile throughout breadmaking, in order to assess whether mixing, fermentation or baking affect its nutritional value (in terms of unsaturated fatty acids) based on the assumption that neutral lipids (NL) can be protein‐ or carbohydrate‐bound. Hence, constituent fatty acids in NL of maize (Zea mays) and rye flour (Secale cereale), and in sourdough and final broa manufactured from a mixture therefrom were quantitated. Methodologies of esterification of fatty acids, as well as of transesterification of acyl lipids and sterol esters (SE) were improved. The n‐hydrocarbons conta... European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5398192 Tue, 08 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5398192 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5484593&cid=s_33769_162_f&fid=33769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fejlt.201100226 AbstractThis work aims at evaluating the potentialities of Carica papaya lipase (CPL) self‐immobilized in papaya latex, as biocatalyst for the synthesis of Human Milk Fat Substitutes (HMFS), to be used as a low‐cost alternative to commercial lipases. Two different CPL preparations, one extracted from the papaya fruit (CPL I) and the other from petiole leaves (CPL II) of papaya tree, were tested as catalysts for the acidolysis between tripalmitin and (i) oleic acid or (ii) omega‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, batchwise, at 60°C, in solvent‐free media. After 24h, molar incorporation was higher for oleic acid (22.1 mol‐%) when CPL I was used. This biocatalyst was selected for further studies. Response surface methodology was used to model reaction conditions: medium formulation (mo... European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5484593 Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5484593 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5474465&cid=s_33769_162_f&fid=33769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fejlt.201100149 AbstractAn experimental study to modify Sterculia foetida L. oil (STO) or the corresponding methyl esters (STO FAME) to branched ester derivatives is reported. The transformations involve conversion of the cyclopropene rings in the fatty acid chains of STO through various catalytic as well as stoichiometric reactions. Full conversion of the cyclopropene rings was obtained using Diels‐Alder chemistry involving cyclopentadiene in water at 40°C without the need for a catalyst. Olefin metathesis reactions were performed using a Grubbs 2nd generation catalyst and cyclopropene ring conversion was ≥99%‐mol and 54%‐mol with 2,3‐dimethyl‐2‐butene and 1‐octene, respectively. Oxidation reactions were performed using established epoxidation (Sharpless) and dihydroxylation (Prilezhaev)... European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5474465 Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5474465 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5466555&cid=s_33769_162_f&fid=33769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fejlt.201100111 AbstractThe free fatty acids of waste cooking oil (WCO) are readily esterified with crude glycerol in the presence of the solid superacid . This reaction lowers the acidity of WCO before biodiesel production. The solid superacid catalyzes both FFA esterification and TAG glycerolysis during the reaction. The conversion of FFA in the WCO with an acid value of 88.4 ± 0.5 mg KOH/g to acylglycerols was 98.4% under optimal conditions (mole ratio of glycerol to FFA = 1.4:1; reaction time = 4 h; reaction temperature = 200°C; catalyst loading = 0.3 wt %) obtained through an orthogonal experiment. The final fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) product with a FAME content of 96.9 ± 0.3 wt% yield was 94.8 wt%, after transesterification of the esterified WCO with methan... European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5466555 Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5466555 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5419426&cid=s_33769_162_f&fid=33769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fejlt.201100213 In conclusion, the present study suggest that the nephroprotective potential of EVOO in 2,4‐D toxicity might be due to the synergic effect of the two fractions, which could be useful for achieving optimum effects in 2,4‐D‐induced renal damage. (Source: European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology) European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5419426 Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5419426 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5398200&cid=s_33769_162_f&fid=33769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fejlt.201100317 (Source: European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology) European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5398200 Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5398200 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5398199&cid=s_33769_162_f&fid=33769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fejlt.201100359 (Source: European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology) European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5398199 Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5398199 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5398198&cid=s_33769_162_f&fid=33769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fejlt.201190034 (Source: European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology) European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5398198 Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5398198 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5398197&cid=s_33769_162_f&fid=33769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fejlt.201190033 (Source: European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology) European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5398197 Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5398197 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5398196&cid=s_33769_162_f&fid=33769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fejlt.201190032 (Source: European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology) European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5398196 Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5398196 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5398186&cid=s_33769_162_f&fid=33769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fejlt.201100191 AbstractStorage conditions can affect the stability of extra virgin olive oil, with adverse results on quality. The aim of this study is to examine changes in the chemical composition and sensory characteristics of the oil resulting from prolonged storage at different temperatures and depending on the type of container. The influence on the quality of the oil was also considered, based on the analysis of quality parameters, the total phenol contents, changes in minority compounds, the variation of the Trolox Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity values (TEAC) and sensory features. At both room temperature and refrigerated temperature, all container types had the same surface area of exposure to light and air. All the oils stored showed losses in both qualitative properties and minority compounds... European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5398186 Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5398186 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5474467&cid=s_33769_162_f&fid=33769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fejlt.201100047 AbstractAs biodiesel production from triglyceride transesterification increases, a surplus amount of by‐product glycerol is produced. The glycerol production per year in Europe has tripled within the last 10 years to 800–900 kt per year. This motivates the development of new processes for the conversion of glycerol into valuable chemicals, e.g., the transformation into acrolein. It is an attractive intermediate for acrylates, methionine, glutaraldehyde, etc. In the recent years, some researchers studied the dehydration of glycerol to acrolein over acidic bulk and supported catalysts, in particular with heteropolyacids (HPAs) as active compounds. HPAs attracted the attention due to their high Brønsted acidity and well known structures, however, they have some disadvantages such as lo... European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5474467 Fri, 28 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5474467 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5344723&cid=s_33769_162_f&fid=33769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fejlt.201100317 (Source: European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology) European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5344723 Fri, 21 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5344723 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5332570&cid=s_33769_162_f&fid=33769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fejlt.201100170 The objective of the present study was to investigate the effects of a lipid‐encapsulated CLA preparation on rumen metabolism and the actual post‐ruminal bioavailability of the applied CLA isomers. In the rumen, the CLA supplementation modified the molar proportions of VFA. In Period CLA‐1 the rumen fermentation shifted towards more butyric acid at the expense of acetic acid. The highest CLA supplementation resulted in increased amounts of isobutyric, isovaleric and valeric acid. The apparent ruminal digestibility of starch increased in Period CLA‐2. The ruminal protein degradation was higher after CLA supplementation, while the efficiency of the use of the RDP for microbial protein synthesis declined. The duodenal flow of trans‐10,cis‐12 CLA amounted to 16 and 5% of the intake... European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5332570 Tue, 18 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5332570 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5332569&cid=s_33769_162_f&fid=33769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fejlt.201000410 AbstractThe aim of the research was to characterize bioactive components of unsaponifiable fraction of selected unconventional oils. Nine oils were analyzed as far as the content of tocopherols, squalene, phenolic compounds and sterols were concerned.Tocopherols and squalene were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography coupled with diode array detector and fluorescent detector (HPLC‐DAD‐FLD). The content of sterols in oils was determined by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC‐MS). The total amount of phenolic compounds in oils was determined by the colorimetric methods using Folin‐Ciocalteau phenol reagent.The examined oils were characterized by differentiated amount of particular forms of tocopherols. The oil obtained from the seeds of amaranth was the... European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5332569 Tue, 18 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5332569 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5332568&cid=s_33769_162_f&fid=33769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fejlt.201000466 In this study, an integrated strategy using supercritical fluids for extraction of squalene from olive oil deodorizer distillate (OODD), one of the most important by‐products of the olive oil refining process was presented. First, OODD was esterified in supercritical methanol, and then squalene from the sample consisting of 66% methyl ester was extracted using supercritical CO2. The extraction conditions, i.e., pressure (88.2‐121.8 bar), temperature (41.6‐58.4 °C) and extraction time (129.6‐230.4 min), were optimized via response surface methodology to achieve the highest squalene content. The optimum results were obtained at a temperature of 52.05 °C, pressure of 104.8 bar and extraction time of 180 minutes. Consequently, two kinds of value‐added products such as biodi... European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5332568 Tue, 18 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5332568 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5312095&cid=s_33769_162_f&fid=33769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fejlt.201100079 AbstractThis work investigates the production and characterization of mono‐acylglycerols through the glycerolysis of biodiesel, a methyl ester mixture, obtained from linseed oil. The biodiesel employed was derived from linseed oil through transesterification according to transesterification double step process [1]. The efficiency of H2SO4, CaO and NaOH as catalysts was evaluated for the production of mono‐acylglycerols. The glycerolysis reactions were performed by varying the molar ratio of the reagents (biodiesel:glycerol), the type and amount of catalyst, reaction time and temperature. Systematic evaluation of reaction yield is shown as a function of these parameters. Reaction products were characterized through IR, 1H NMR and the GC techniques. The study of three different catalysts... European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5312095 Tue, 11 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5312095 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5312094&cid=s_33769_162_f&fid=33769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fejlt.201100100 AbstractPhytosterols are a family of compounds similar to cholesterol which have been shown to lower cholesterol levels when supplemented in the diet. A daily dose of 2‐3 grams of phytosterols has been shown to reduce LDL‐cholesterol levels by 5‐15%. Phytosterol supplementation can be undertaken using phytosterol enriched functional foods or nutraceutical preparations. The type of phytosterol supplemented, such as plant sterol or saturated plant stanol appear to be equally effective in lowering cholesterol levels. Phytosterols, whether in esterified or free form have both been shown to lower cholesterol level, with esterified phytosterol formulations having a greater number of clinical trials demonstrating efficacy. The functional food or nutraceutical matrix which is used to deliver... European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5312094 Tue, 11 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5312094 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5312093&cid=s_33769_162_f&fid=33769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fejlt.201100209 AbstractPolyphenol composition of the shell, pulp, roasted, and unroasted kernels of the argan fruit was qualitatively and quantitatively determined by HPLC coupled with electrospray negative ionization ion trap mass spectrometry (HPLC‐ESI‐MS). Eleven phenolic compounds were identified. Unroasted kernels and shell contained various polyphenols but the pulp was characterized by a very high amount of total polyphenols (75.78 mg of gallic acid equivalent/g). The radical scavenging (DPPH• method) and antioxidant activity (ABTS method) of each fruit part was also determined. Argan fruit pulp showed the highest radical scavenging activity (0.17 ± 0.005 µM Trolox equivalent/mg) and antioxidant activity (0.375 ± 0.07 µM Trolox equivalent/mg). Therefore, argan fruit polyphenols are good c... European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5312093 Tue, 11 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5312093 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5312092&cid=s_33769_162_f&fid=33769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fejlt.201100138 The objective of this research was to validate a method for the analysis of phytosterols in small seed samples of sunflower. Samples consisting of six seeds were analysed for phytosterol content in a set of 87 inbred lines using a method adapted to small samples. The accuracy of the method was evaluated through the standard error of the analysis of replicates of ground samples, which was 72.12 mg kg‐1 compared to average values of 1665,3 and 1887,2 mg kg‐1 seed in the samples. Sunflower inbred lines showed ranges of variation from 1,426.0 to 4,710.0 mg kg‐1 seed and from 2,855.2 to 9,752.0 mg kg‐1 oil. The method correlated strongly with the conventional method based on the analysis of extracted oils (r=0.85). The results indicated that analysis of phytosterols on samples consistin... European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5312092 Tue, 11 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5312092 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5377931&cid=s_33769_162_f&fid=33769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fejlt.201100075 AbstractFour fat blends based on palm fractions in combination with high oleic sunflower oil (HOSF) with a relatively low saturated fatty acid content (29.2 ± 0.85%, i.e. less than 50% of that of butter) were prepared. The saturated fat was located in different TAG structures in each blend. Principal saturated TAG were derived from palm stearin (POs, containing tripalmitoyl glycerol—PPP), palm mid‐fraction (PMF, containing 1,3‐dipalmitoyl‐2‐oleoyl glycerol—POP) and interesterified PMF (inPMF, containing PPP, POP and rac‐1,2‐dipalmitoyl‐3‐oleoyl glycerol—PPO). Thus, in blend 1, composed of POs and HOSF, the saturates resided principally in PPP. In blend 2, composed of POs, PMF and HOSF, the principal saturate‐containing TAG were PPP and POP. Blend 3, composed of... European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5377931 Mon, 10 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5377931 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5302351&cid=s_33769_162_f&fid=33769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fejlt.201100127 AbstractThe antioxidant activities of the essential oil and crude methanolic extract (CEx) of cumin seed (Cuminum cyminum) were evaluated. Total phenolics and tocopherols contents, reducing power, DPPH radical‐scavenging capacity (EC50), and the oxidative/oil stability index were assessed. The contents of total phenolics and total tocopherols in the essential oil (18.47 and 0.11 mg g‐1, respectively) were significantly lower than those of the CEx (29.12 and 0.42 mg g‐1, respectively). The CEx had an EC50 value (0.74 mg mL‐1) significantly lower than those of the essential oil and α‐tocopherol (1.20 and 32.50 mg mL‐1, respectively). The reducing power of the CEx (459.46 mmol Fe2+ per mass) was significantly higher than those of the essential oil (18.47 mmol L‐1) and α‐toco... European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5302351 Mon, 10 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5302351 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5302350&cid=s_33769_162_f&fid=33769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fejlt.201100115 This study aims at investigating whether the intake of butter blends containing diacylglycerol (DAG) oil may result in reduced fat accumulation, in similarity to DAG oil, and the potential metabolic differences between butter blends and DAG oil. Four experimental diets containing either 10 wt% DAG butter blend (BDAG), triacylglycrol (TAG) butter blend (BTAG), DAG oil (ODAG) or TAG oil (OTAG) were prepared, and each was fed to a group of 8 male Wistar rats. The design of the experiment was a combined balance and feeding experiment. The rats fed the BTAG and ODAG‐diets had a significantly higher protein content than rats fed the BDAG and OTAG‐diets, and the fat content was significantly lower in rats fed the ODAG‐diet as compared to rats fed the OTAG and BDAG‐diets. A significantly h... European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5302350 Mon, 10 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5302350 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5377929&cid=s_33769_162_f&fid=33769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fejlt.201100102 AbstractFour Iranian pumpkin seed cultivars were evaluated for their chemical composition and physicochemical characteristics of the extracted oils. Moisture content of seeds was quite low and ranged from 4.7 to 5.4%. The samples showed high level of protein (28.8–35.5%) and oil content (36.9–47.8%) in which the highest amount belonged to Postekaghazi cultivar. In regard to oil properties, due to the high level of oleic acid (52.7%) followed by linoleic acid (28.1%), Khoreshti cultivar was much different from other samples (in which linoleic acid is predominant: 46.5–56.1%). Moreover, relatively high content of phenolic compounds led to high‐oxidative stability index (OSI) of 16.63 h for Khoreshti oil compared to other samples (6.99–10.54 h). Furthermore, cluster analysis con... European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5377929 Thu, 06 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5377929 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5419430&cid=s_33769_162_f&fid=33769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fejlt.201100054 AbstractA characterization study of the main olive oil cultivars of southwest Spain (Picual, Arbequina, and Verdial) has been performed in order to establish logistic regression models. Several quality characteristics (free acidity, peroxide value, K232, K270, oxidative stability index) and chemical data (fatty acids, sterols, erythrodiol–uvaol composition) were measured. Logit regressions were used to evaluate the correlation of the parameters and to create models that allow saving costs on identifying oils as Arbequina, Picual, or Verdial type. Multiple logit regression models were developed: one for Arbequina, three models for Picual, and two models for Verdial cultivar, allowing in this way to minimize the cost for classifying oil samples.Practical application: The olive oil marketin... European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5419430 Tue, 04 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5419430 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5282713&cid=s_33769_162_f&fid=33769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fejlt.201000415 In this study, application of various concentrations (0.025%, 0.05% and 0.075%) of Zataria multiflora Boiss. essential oil (EO) were examined on oxidative stability of sunflower oil and there were compared to butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) and butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) during storage at 37 and 47 °C. The main compounds of EO were identified as carvacrol (45.6%), p‐cymene (18.1%) and thymol (16.3%). Peroxide value (PV), anisidine value (AnV) and thiobarbituric acid (TBA) value measurement in sunflower oil showed that all concentrations of EO had an antioxidant effect in comparison to BHA and BHT. Samples supplemented with EO concentration of 0.075% were the most stable during storage at both temperatures (P<0.05). Furthermore, Totox value, antioxidant activity (AA), stabilization... European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5282713 Tue, 04 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5282713 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5282712&cid=s_33769_162_f&fid=33769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fejlt.201100142 AbstractThe ability of selected phenolic acids to improve the frying performance of canola oil triacylglycerides was evaluated in a frying test. The frying performance was assessed by the analysis of total polar components, formation of 4‐hydroxynonenal and volatile carbonyl compounds. Ferulic, caffeic, dihydrocaffeic, gallic, and vanillic acids significantly increased the frying stability of canola oil triacylglycerols. At the end of the frying test, the amount of polar components formed in the canola triacylglycerides was at 22.9% compared to a maximum of 18.8% when the phenolic acids were added. Similarly, the level of HNE was reduced by up to 45% when triacyglycerols were supplemented with these compounds. The results showed that ethyl ferulate was more efficient as antioxidant than ... European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5282712 Tue, 04 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5282712 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5282711&cid=s_33769_162_f&fid=33769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fejlt.201100054 This study could be used as a training to create models for other olive oil cultivars. (Source: European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology) European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5282711 Tue, 04 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5282711 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5356643&cid=s_33769_162_f&fid=33769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fejlt.201100047 AbstractAs biodiesel production from triglyceride transesterification increases, a surplus amount of by‐product glycerol is produced. The glycerol production per year in Europe has been tripled within the last ten years to 800‐900 kt per year. This provokes the development of new processes for the conversion of glycerol into valuable chemicals, e.g. the transformation into acrolein. It is an attractive intermediate for acrylates, methionine, glutaraldehyde etc. In the recent years, some researchers studied the dehydration of glycerol to acrolein over acidic bulk and supported catalysts, in particular with heteropolyacids as active compounds. Heteropolyacids attracted the attention due to their high Brϕnsted acidity and well known structures, however, they have some disadvantages such ... European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5356643 Sat, 01 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5356643 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5344722&cid=s_33769_162_f&fid=33769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fejlt.201100269 (Source: European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology) European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5344722 Sat, 01 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5344722 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5332567&cid=s_33769_162_f&fid=33769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fejlt.201100035 AbstractThe discovery of fatty acid esters of 3‐chloropropane‐1,2‐diol (3‐MCPD) in edible oil products initiated food monitoring campaigns in many EU Member States. As the determination of 3‐MCPD esters was new to most laboratories questions towards the reliability of the produced analysis data were raised. In response to this, the Institute for Reference Materials and Measurements (IRMM) of the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) organised a proficiency test on the determination of 3‐chloropropane‐1,2‐diol esters (3‐MCPD esters) in edible oils. The aim of this proficiency test was to scrutinise the capabilities of official food control laboratories, private food control laboratories as well as laboratories from food industry to determine the 3‐MCPD esters... European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5332567 Sat, 01 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5332567 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5322281&cid=s_33769_162_f&fid=33769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fejlt.201100325 AbstractThe development of functional foods and supplements containing bioactive lipids, such as esters of long‐chain PUFA (LC‐PUFA), is very challenging. Although the requirements and nutritional value of LC‐PUFA are widely recognized, their physical and chemical characteristics are limiting the choice of product applications, packaging materials, processing, and shelf‐life conditions. In this issue of the European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology, Borhaug et al. report a new technology to produce water soluble concentrate of LC‐PUFA. Opportunities and challenges for this new generation of ingredients are discussed in the present commentary.See accompanying article by Borhaug et al. on pages 1235–1242 (Source: European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology) European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5322281 Sat, 01 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5322281 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5322280&cid=s_33769_162_f&fid=33769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fejlt.201100106 This study describes the application and optimization of in situ transesterification to a lipid‐bearing algal biomass. Application of this technology could facilitate the economical production of biodiesel from algal biomass. (Source: European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology) European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5322280 Sat, 01 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5322280 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5322279&cid=s_33769_162_f&fid=33769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fejlt.201100063 AbstractThe successful development of 00‐oilseed rape—also named canola (erucic acid free in seed oil and low glucosinolate content in the residual seed)—has opened almost unlimited avenues into the food and feed markets. Oilseed rape is today the world's third leading oil crop and contributes both to the economies and health of people around the world. During the last decades, the demand for vegetable oils as food, non‐food, and biofuel has grown significantly. This demand could be satisfied due to improved agronomic developments, better processing methods, and improvements in the varieties available. The yield however varies in different countries, reflecting different input levels and production efficiency. This highlights the room for crop improvement, and the yield will contin... European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5322279 Sat, 01 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5322279 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5322278&cid=s_33769_162_f&fid=33769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fejlt.201100327 (Source: European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology) European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5322278 Sat, 01 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5322278 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5322277&cid=s_33769_162_f&fid=33769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fejlt.201190031 (Source: European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology) European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5322277 Sat, 01 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5322277 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5322276&cid=s_33769_162_f&fid=33769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fejlt.201190030 (Source: European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology) European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5322276 Sat, 01 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5322276 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5322275&cid=s_33769_162_f&fid=33769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fejlt.201190029 (Source: European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology) European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5322275 Sat, 01 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5322275 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5502496&cid=s_33769_162_f&fid=33769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fejlt.201000489 AbstractPlatelet‐activating factor (PAF) is a signaling phospholipid with a significant physiological role in multicellular and unicellular organisms, including fermentative organisms such as yeast. Zymomonas mobilis is an ethanologenic α‐proteobacterium currently studied for bioethanol production. In order to examine the presence of PAF and/or PAF inhibitors in Z. mobilis, a new one‐step high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) separation procedure of total lipids was performed, using a C8 reversed‐phase semi‐preparative column. According to this method and to bioassays based on washed rabbit platelet aggregation, two lipid molecules with PAF‐like activity and same retention times as those of standard PAF were detected; electron‐spray ionization MS and MS/MS analysis r... European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5502496 Fri, 30 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5502496 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5377930&cid=s_33769_162_f&fid=33769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fejlt.201000510 AbstractMackerel is known to be a rich source of omega‐3 family PUFAs. The acid value and conjugated dienoic acid value of mackerel, known as indices of oxidation, were determined. Fatty acids in both raw and broiled mackerels were analyzed by GC. PUFAs and saturated fatty acids were observed at a low level in broiled mackerel, possibly as a result of thermal degradation of the lipids. In addition, volatile components in mackerel extracted by solvent‐assisted flavor evaporation were analyzed by GC‐MS. In total, 38 volatile components were detected in raw mackerel, whereas 53 volatiles were found in broiled mackerel. Hydrocarbons and methyl‐ and/or ethyl‐substituted benzenes were quantitatively dominant. Levels of aldehydes and alcohols were significantly enhanced in broiled macke... European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5377930 Fri, 30 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5377930 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5270830&cid=s_33769_162_f&fid=33769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fejlt.201000489 AbstractPlatelet‐activating factor (PAF) is a signaling phospholipid with a significant physiological role in multicellular and unicellular organisms, among which fermentative organisms such as yeast. Zymomonas mobilis is an ethanologenic α‐proteobacterium currently studied for bioethanol production. In order to examine the presence of PAF and/or PAF inhibitors in Z. mobilis, a new one‐step HPLC separation procedure of total lipids was performed, using a C8 reversed‐phase semi‐preparative column. According to this method and to bioassays based on washed rabbit platelet aggregation, two lipid molecules with PAF‐like activity and same retention times as those of standard PAF were detected; ESI‐MS and MS/MS analysis revealed that they share similar structure with 16:0 and 18:0 ... European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5270830 Fri, 30 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5270830 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5270829&cid=s_33769_162_f&fid=33769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fejlt.201000510 AbstractMackerel is known to be a rich source of omega‐3 family polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). The acid value and conjugated dienoic acid value of mackerel, known as indices of oxidation, were determined. Fatty acids in both raw and broiled mackerels were analyzed by gas chromatography. PUFAs and saturated fatty acids were observed at a low level in broiled mackerel, possibly as a result of thermal degradation of the lipids. In addition, volatile components in mackerel extracted by solvent‐assisted flavor evaporation were analyzed by gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry. In total, 38 volatile components were detected in raw mackerel, whereas 53 volatiles were found in broiled mackerel. Hydrocarbons and methyl‐ and/or ethyl‐ substituted benzenes were quantitatively dominant.... European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5270829 Fri, 30 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5270829 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5270828&cid=s_33769_162_f&fid=33769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fejlt.201100030 AbstractPolyisoprenylation is a set of secondary modifications involving proteins whose aberrant activities are implicated in cancers and degenerative disorders. The last step of the pathway involves an ester‐forming polyisoprenylated protein methyl transferase‐ and hydrolytic polyisoprenylated methylated protein methyl esterase (PMPMEase)‐catalyzed reactions. Omega‐3 and omega‐6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) have been linked with antitumorigeneis and tumorigenesis, respectively. PUFAs are structurally similar to the polyisoprenyl groups and may interfere with polyisoprenylated protein metabolism. It was hypothesized that PUFAs may be more potent inhibitors of PMPMEase than their more polar oxidative metabolites, the prostaglandins. As such, the relative effects of PUFAs an... European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5270828 Fri, 30 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5270828 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5270827&cid=s_33769_162_f&fid=33769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fejlt.201100049 AbstractTemperature and pH‐responsive polyglycerol‐based hydrogels were successfully synthesized and characterized. An increase in polyglycerol molecular weight was achieved by cross‐linking polyglycerol using multifunctional electrophilic epoxide‐containing compounds. The chemical structure of polyglycerol‐based hydrogels was determined by FTIR spectroscopy. The temperature‐dependent swelling behavior of the hydrogels was studied at 293, 310, 333 and 353K and a negative temperature‐sensitive system was observed. The hydrogels exhibited pH sensitivity at pH 4, 7 and 10. The hydrophilicity and biocompatibility of these hydrogels make them suitable for pharmaceutical, biomedical and biotechnological applications. They could potentially serve as a replacement for fossil‐based ... European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5270827 Fri, 30 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5270827 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5205405&cid=s_33769_162_f&fid=33769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fejlt.201100106 This study describes the application and optimization of in situ transesterification to a lipid‐bearing algal biomass. Application of this technology could facilitate the economical production of biodiesel from algal biomass. (Source: European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology) European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5205405 Tue, 06 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5205405 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5312097&cid=s_33769_162_f&fid=33769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fejlt.201100044 AbstractSelective hydrogenation over pre‐reduced 8% Cu/SiO2 catalysts has been carried out on a series of non‐food oils methylesters. The catalyst shows a very high diene:monoene selectivity, thus allowing one to reduce not only the linolenic component, but also the linoleic one in this way enriching the oil in oleic acid and avoiding a contemporary increase in stearic acid concentration. This treatment improves the oxidation stability of the oil while keeping acceptable viscosity and cold properties and can be used to standardize a wide variety of different available feedstock.Practical applications: Vegetable oils from different sources can be used as primary, secondary (when they are residues of other processes), or tertiary (post‐consumer wastes) feedstock for the chemical indust... European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5312097 Fri, 02 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5312097 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5312096&cid=s_33769_162_f&fid=33769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fejlt.201100087 AbstractThe current study was conducted to evaluate the effects of various dietary n−3/n−6 ratio on growth and lipid metabolism in gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) juveniles. The fish were fed ad libitum on three isoproteic (52%), isolipidic (14%), and isoenergetic diets (21 MJ/kg), formulated to contain three different n−3/n−6 ratios: a high (3.8), medium (2.5), or low (0.9) ratio. Fish grew from 9.5 ± 0.1 g to 54.2 ± 0.7 g in 12 weeks. Growth rate (2.2% BW/day), voluntary feed intake (2.4 ± 0.1% BM/day), feed conversion ratio (1.38 ± 0.05), and net protein utilization (27.5 ± 1.0%) did not vary among treatments. In contrast, body lipid content and lipid deposition efficiency were significantly reduced in fish fed low n−3/n−6 ratio. Fish fed the... European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5312096 Thu, 01 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5312096 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5312091&cid=s_33769_162_f&fid=33769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fejlt.201100136 AbstractSome plant oil derived cyclohexane tricarboxylic acid triesters were synthesized and suggested as potential plasticizers based mainly on renewable feedstock. Methyl calendulate 1 and α‐eleostearate 2 obtained from calendula oil and tung oil, respectively, as well as methyl oleate 3 were used as starting material. Reactions with maleic anhydride gave the corresponding Diels‐Alder adducts 4 and 5 and ene adduct 6, which were converted by ring‐opening reactions with various alcohols to the respective tricarboxylic acid triesters. Especially the cyclohexane tricarboxylic trimethyl triester 9 derived from Diels‐Alder adduct 5 showed excellent absorption properties by PVC, superior to bis(2‐ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP). Moreover, the commercially available Diels‐Alder adduct ... European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5312091 Thu, 01 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5312091 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5302349&cid=s_33769_162_f&fid=33769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fejlt.201100075 AbstractFour fat blends based on palm fractions in combination with high oleic sunflower oil (HOSF) with a relatively low saturated fatty acid content (29.2±0.85%, i.e. less than 50% of that of butter) were prepared. The saturated fat was located in different triacylglycerols (TAG) structures in each blend. Principal saturated TAG were derived from palm stearin (POs, containing tripalmitoyl glycerol ‐ PPP), palm mid fraction (PMF, containing 1,3‐dipalmitoyl‐2‐oleoyl glycerol ‐ POP) and interesterified PMF (inPMF, containing PPP, POP and rac‐1,2‐dipalmitoyl‐3‐oleoyl glycerol ‐ PPO). Thus, in blend 1, composed of POs and HOSF, the saturates resided principally in PPP. In blend 2, composed of POs, PMF and HOSF, the principal saturate‐containing TAG were PPP and POP. Ble... European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5302349 Thu, 01 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5302349 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5294655&cid=s_33769_162_f&fid=33769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fejlt.201100102 AbstractFour Iranian pumpkin seed cultivars were evaluated for their chemical composition and physicochemical characteristics of the extracted oils. Moisture content of seeds was quite low and ranged from 4.7‐5.4 %. The samples showed high level of protein (28.8‐35.5 %) and oil content (36.9‐47.8 %) in which the highest amount belonged to Postekaghazi cultivar. In regard to oil properties, due to the high level of oleic acid (52.7%) followed by linoleic acid (28.1%), Khoreshti cultivar was much different from other samples (in which linoleic acid is predominant: 46.5‐56.1%). Moreover, relatively high content of phenolic compounds led to high oxidative stability index (OSI) of 16.63 hr for Khoreshti oil compared to other samples (6.99‐10.54 hr). Furthermore, Cluster analysis confi... European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5294655 Thu, 01 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5294655 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5282710&cid=s_33769_162_f&fid=33769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fejlt.201100003 AbstractCamelina sativa is an alternative, low input oilseed crop with oil of high nutritional value. In Slovenia, Camelina sativa landrace has been grown by local farmers in the Koroška region since the middle of the 20th century. In our study, we determined oil and glucosinolate content (GLS) of camelina seed and free fatty acid (FFA), peroxide value (PV), iodine value (IV), tocopherol contents (T), and fatty acid profile of camelina oil from ten locations over three consecutive growing seasons. The oil content ranged from 28.78‐40.21%, while IV, PV and FFA fell into a range that makes this oil useful in various nutritional applications. Camelina was remarkably rich in essential n‐3 α‐linolenic acid (33.32‐37.65%) and γ‐T (532‐798 mg/kg) in oil, and GLS (16.39‐41.43 µmo... European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5282710 Thu, 01 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5282710 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5270826&cid=s_33769_162_f&fid=33769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fejlt.201100118 In this study, we show that administration of Lactobacillus casei Zhang evokes a significant reduction in the levels of cholesterol, triglycerides, and low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol from the serum and liver of hypercholesterolemic rats. After administration of L. casei Zhang, there was 31.5 % and 30.8% reduction in the levels of serum triglyceride and low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol. DNA microarray results revealed that 755 genes, mainly involved in biological regulation, and cellular and metabolic processes, were differentially expressed in the liver from rats treated with probiotic bacteria, wherein 324 genes were up‐regulated and 431 were down‐regulated, respectively. In the up‐regulated group, we characterized genes including Acsl1, Hadh, Acaa2, Acads, and gcdH, whi... European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5270826 Thu, 01 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5270826 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5258142&cid=s_33769_162_f&fid=33769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fejlt.201000559 AbstractChemical compositions of 80 vegetable oils were collected from literature and the properties of the obtainable biodiesel (methyl esters) have been predicted by empirical relationships. The purpose has been to check the viability of predicting if a biodiesel could meet the EN 14214 standards knowing only the fatty acid profile (FAP) of the parent oil. Two parameters were used in this investigation: 1) Average number of carbon atoms in the fatty acid chains, 2) Average number of double bonds (C=C) per molecule. Two new empirical relationships have been proposed to predict the viscosity and the cetane number of biodiesel from the two parameters. The range of values of the two parameters leading to biodiesel meeting the EN 14214 standard for viscosity, cetane number, iodine value and c... European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5258142 Thu, 01 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5258142 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5220329&cid=s_33769_162_f&fid=33769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fejlt.201190025 (Source: European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology) European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5220329 Thu, 01 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5220329 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5220328&cid=s_33769_162_f&fid=33769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fejlt.201100130 AbstractIn our contemporary adipogenic environment even modest improvements in body fat mass could be of relevance. In the last years animal and human studies have investigated the potential benefit of CLA on body composition. However, inconclusive results are often derived from short‐term studies. Long‐term intervention trials with supplemental CLA on body composition have not been reviewed exclusively up to now. Therefore, the objective of this study was to review the evidence of prolonged CLA supplementation as well as its influence on body composition in humans, and to summarize results from safety assessments of CLA intake. A literature search was performed to find intervention trials with CLA supplementation and its effects on body composition, as well as on insulin sensitivity. ... European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5220328 Thu, 01 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5220328 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5220327&cid=s_33769_162_f&fid=33769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fejlt.201100250 (Source: European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology) European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5220327 Thu, 01 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5220327 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5220326&cid=s_33769_162_f&fid=33769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fejlt.201190028 (Source: European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology) European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5220326 Thu, 01 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5220326 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5220325&cid=s_33769_162_f&fid=33769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fejlt.201190027 (Source: European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology) European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5220325 Thu, 01 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5220325 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5220324&cid=s_33769_162_f&fid=33769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fejlt.201190026 (Source: European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology) European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5220324 Thu, 01 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5220324 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5220322&cid=s_33769_162_f&fid=33769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fejlt.201100174 AbstractIn this work, a multidisciplinary approach for the evaluation of extra virgin olive oil traceability (geographical provenience and botanical differentiation) was presented. Conventional techniques such as major chemical component determination (triacylglycerols and fatty acids) and other novel approaches as stable isotopic ratio (13C/12C in combination with 18O/16O) and thermal properties obtained from cooling curves and their deconvoluted peaks by means of differential scanning calorimetry were compared. Fifty three samples from different Italian regions, diverse cultivars and two Mediterranean areas (Italy and Croatia) were analysed with all the three techniques. Oils exhibited different values especially for δ18O and thermal properties of the deconvoluted peaks of crystallizati... European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5220322 Thu, 01 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5220322 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5180940&cid=s_33769_162_f&fid=33769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fejlt.201100087 AbstractThe current study was conducted to evaluate the effects of various dietary n‐3/n‐6 ratio on growth and lipid metabolism in gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) juveniles. Fish were fed ad libitum on three isoproteic (52%), isolipidic (14%) and isoenergetic diets (21 MJ/kg), formulated to contain three different n‐3/n‐6 ratios: a high (3.8), medium (2.5) or low (0.9) ratio. Fish grew from 9.5 ± 0.1g to 54.2 ± 0.7g in 12 weeks. Growth rate (2.2% BW day−1), voluntary feed intake (2.4 ± 0.1% BM day−1), feed conversion ratio (1.38 ± 0.05) and net protein utilization (27.5 ± 1.0%) did not vary among treatments. In contrast, body lipid content and lipid deposition efficiency were significantly reduced in fish fed low n‐3/n‐6 ratio. Fish fed the highes... European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5180940 Wed, 31 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5180940 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5180939&cid=s_33769_162_f&fid=33769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fejlt.201100185 Conclusions: There is a degree of variability associated with the precision of POCT device; measurement error is a problem associated with cholesterol testing.Practical applications: Point‐of‐care testing devices are widely used to measure cholesterol levels. They are convenient for patients because only a small amount of blood is required,reducing discomfort. They also have the advantage of providing results quickly, at a location convenient and easily accessible to the patient. It is important that a POCT device being used for the purposes of screening and monitoring is both accurate and precise.This study aimed to examine the precision of a POCT device when used in a primary care setting.The results of this study are consistent with other studies that indicate that measurement error... European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5180939 Wed, 31 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5180939 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5282714&cid=s_33769_162_f&fid=33769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fejlt.201100148 This article presents the procedure of medium‐chain‐length polyhydroxyalkanoates (mcl‐PHAs) synthesis by the Pseudomonas Gl01 and Gl06 strains from waste rapeseed oil as a feedstock. Beside the microbial production of these environmentally friendly plastics, this approach also represents a new way of utilizing waste oils. The knowledge of the key enzymes involved in mcl‐PHAs accumulation is necessary in order to understand the mechanisms of their synthesis, and to use them effectively in biotechnological applications. (Source: European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology) European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5282714 Tue, 30 Aug 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5282714 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5247544&cid=s_33769_162_f&fid=33769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fejlt.201100023 AbstractIsolate MS16 obtained from diesel contaminated soil, identified as Enterobacter sp. using 16S rRNA gene analysis produced biosurfactant when grown on unconventional substrates like groundnut oil cake, sunflower oil, and molasses. Of these carbon substrates used, sunflower oil cake showed highest biosurfactant production (1.5 g/L) and reduction in surface tension (68%). The biosurfactant produced by MS16 efficiently emulsified various hydrocarbons. The carbohydrates and fatty acids of the biosurfactants were studied using TLC, FTIR, NMR, and GC‐MS. The carbohydrate composition as determined by GC‐MS of their alditol acetate derivatives showed the predominance of glucose, galactose and arabinose, and hydroxyl fatty acids of chain length of C16 and C18 on the basis of FAMEs anal... European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5247544 Tue, 30 Aug 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5247544 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5180946&cid=s_33769_162_f&fid=33769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fejlt.201000554 AbstractSeasonal variations of proximate, muscle lipids and fatty acids (FA) of seven seawater species (Silllago sihoma, Upeneus pori, Sparus aurata, Saurida undosquamis, Epinephelus auneus, Mullus barbatus, Solea solea) from the Mediterranean Sea, were determined all seasons. The results showed the fatty acid compositions of each species ranged from 26.41‐38.70% saturated (SFA), 13.78‐26.52% monounsaturated (MUFAs) and 25.02‐50.83% polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). The high proportions of EPA were obtained from M. barbatus (8.34%) in spring, S. sihoma (7.54%), U. pori (6.75%), S. aurata (6.31%), S. undosquamis (5.12%), E. auneus (5.10%) in summer, and also S. solea (6.19%) in spring. The high proportions of DHA were found in spring, ranging from 25.14% for M. barbatus to 34.87% f... European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5180946 Mon, 29 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5180946 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5180945&cid=s_33769_162_f&fid=33769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fejlt.201100023 AbstractIsolate MS16 obtained from diesel contaminated soil, identified as Enterobacter sp. using 16S rRNA gene analysis had produced biosurfactant when grown on unconventional substrates like groundnut oil cake, sunflower oil and molasses. Of these carbon substrates used, sunflower oil cake showed highest biosurfactant production (1.5 g/L) and reduction in surface tension (68%). MS16 produced biosurfactant efficiently emulsified various hydrocarbons tested. The carbohydrates and fatty acids of biosurfactants were studied using TLC, FTIR, NMR and GC‐MS. The carbohydrate composition as determined by GC‐MS of their alditol acetate derivatives showed the predominance of glucose, galactose and arabinose and hydroxyl fatty acids of chain length of C16 and C18 on the basis of FAMEs analysis.... European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5180945 Mon, 29 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5180945 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5180944&cid=s_33769_162_f&fid=33769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fejlt.201100095 AbstractA quantitative descriptive analysis (QDA®) was developed to characterize the sensory quality of a set of fourteen cold pressed sunflower oils present on the Italian market. The oils' chemical quality (free acidity, peroxide value, oleic acid, linoleic acid and volatile profile) was also defined. Eighteen sensory descriptors, selected by a trained panel, allowed for thorough profiling of the specimens. Some of the oils were characterized by dominant positive sensory notes typical of cold pressed sunflower oils (sunflower seeds and nutty), some by mild notes of refined sunflower oils, while others by negative sensory attributes (rancid/fried oil, specially). The volatile profiles of the samples (by solid phase micro extraction ‐ gas chromatographic analysis, SPME‐GC) were well i... European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5180944 Mon, 29 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5180944 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5180943&cid=s_33769_162_f&fid=33769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fejlt.201100148 This article presents the procedure of medium‐chain‐length polyhydroxyalkanoates (mcl‐PHAs) synthesis by the Pseudomonas Gl01 and Gl06 strains from waste rapeseed oil as a feedstock. Beside the microbial production of these environmentally‐friendly plastics, this approach also represents a new way of utilizing waste oils. The knowledge of the key enzymes involved in mcl‐PHAs accumulation is necessary to understand the mechanisms of the synthesis of these biopolymers, and thus their effective use in biotechnological applications. (Source: European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology) European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5180943 Mon, 29 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5180943 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5180942&cid=s_33769_162_f&fid=33769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fejlt.201100189 AbstractThe capacity of the natural antioxidant from barley husks and synthetic antioxidants to retard oxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids in cod liver oil (Gadus morhua) was investigated. The results confirm the efficacy of a natural antioxidant derived from barley husks to slow down the progress of lipid hydrolysis and increase oxidative stability in cod liver oil. The rates of formation of lipid hydrolysis and lipid oxidation were slowed down by increasing the concentration of natural antioxidant used. In fact, the use of 100 mg of natural antioxidant had been proved to be more effective than some synthetic antioxidants (BHA 200 mg and BHT 200mg) on the slowdown in primary and secondary oxidation. The use of PG as an antioxidant (200 mg/Kg in cod liver oil) was the most effective a... European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5180942 Mon, 29 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5180942 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5180941&cid=s_33769_162_f&fid=33769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fejlt.201100199 AbstractIn this work, the ability of pine bark procyanidins to hinder oxidation in bulk corn oil and corn oil‐in‐water‐emulsion has been investigated. A preliminary characterisation of the obtained aqueous (AF) and organic (OW) fractions and subfractions allowed concluding a very polar character and that all of them possess remarkable antioxidant activity when minimum concentrations of 2 mg/mL are used. OW fractions and subfractions belonging to both pine varieties were able to inhibit oxidation in oils. More specifically, two organic subfractions were the most efficient ones for retarding the degradation process, with levels of 62% and 50% after 8 days of treatment, respectively. Organic subfractions obtained from both varieties of pine also rendered possible inhibition levels in oi... European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5180941 Mon, 29 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5180941 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5157989&cid=s_33769_162_f&fid=33769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fejlt.201100070 The objective of this study was to evaluate the protective effects of five different emulsifiers on lipid oxidation in 70% fish oil‐in‐water emulsions to be used as delivery systems for long chain polyunsaturated omega‐3 fatty acids to foods. The emulsifiers were either phospholipid (PL) based or protein based. The PL‐based emulsifiers were soy lecithin and two milk PL concentrates (with either 20 or 75% PL). The protein‐based emulsifiers were whey protein isolate and sodium caseinate. Lipid oxidation was studied at two pH values (pH 4.5 and 7.0) and results were compared to lipid oxidation in neat fish oil. Lipid oxidation was followed by determination of peroxide values and volatile oxidation products. Emulsions were furthermore imaged by confocal and cryo‐scanning electron m... European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5157989 Mon, 22 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5157989 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5157988&cid=s_33769_162_f&fid=33769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fejlt.201100132 AbstractTransesterification of methyl esters of rapeseed oil with ethylene glycol in excess led to a ω‐hydroxy fatty ester with a yield of 90%. 2‐Mercaptoethanol was grafted onto the double bonds of this ω‐hydroxy fatty ester by UV initiated thiol‐ene coupling under mild conditions. Double bond conversion was found to be quantitative and yielded a polyol with average of two primary hydroxyl functions. This pseudo‐diol was characterized by means of NMR spectroscopy, titration and mass spectroscopy (MS) and was used to synthesize polyurethane (PU) by step growth polyaddition with methylene diphenyl‐4,4′‐diisocyanate. The polymer, analyzed by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and DSC, showed a glass transition temperature of −3°C, close to the one measured (8°C) on a PU b... European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5157988 Mon, 22 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5157988 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5157991&cid=s_33769_162_f&fid=33769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fejlt.201100109 In conclusion, β‐lg and NaOle can form complexes with apoptosis‐inducing qualities comparable to those of BAMLET.Practical applications: Globular proteins such as the milk proteins α‐lactalbumin and β‐lactoglobulin can bind oleic acid, thereby converting into a complex with high biological activity against tumour cells. Its cytotoxicity is strongly dependent on the binding stoichiometry, indicating the importance of oleic acid in the cell death. (Source: European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology) European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5157991 Thu, 18 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5157991 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5157987&cid=s_33769_162_f&fid=33769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fejlt.201000549 AbstractComparative evaluation of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria viz. Azospirillum brasilense, Azotobacter vinelandii Khsr1 and chemical fertilizers was made on growth, protein and oil yield as well as quality of canola (Brassica napus L.) cv. Rainbow. The A. brasilense and A. vinelandii were applied as seed inoculation at 106cells/ml. The recommended doses of urea (150 kg/ha) and diamonium phosphate (180 kg/ha) were applied as sources of chemical fertilizers. First dose of chemical fertilizers was applied at the time of sowing while other three doses were applied at 45 days interval. The chemical fertilizers were highly effective in increasing leaf chlorophyll content, number of branches plant‐1, number of siliqua branch‐1, number of seeds siliqua‐1 and total seed yield. A. br... European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5157987 Thu, 18 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5157987 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5220323&cid=s_33769_162_f&fid=33769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fejlt.201100203 AbstractSqualene is a natural triterpene and an important intermediate of sterol and hopanoid biosynthesis in various types of cell from bacteria to human. Synthesis and further conversion of squalene are key steps in the metabolism of sterols and related components. Here we summarize the recent knowledge of squalene biochemistry, its molecular properties, and its physiological effects. We compare squalene biosynthetic pathways in different cell types and describe biotechnological strategies to isolate this lipid. Finally, applications of squalene in nutrition, pharmacy, and medicine are discussed. (Source: European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology) European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5220323 Wed, 17 Aug 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5220323 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5205406&cid=s_33769_162_f&fid=33769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fejlt.201100167 AbstractThe seasonal variation of the fatty acids composition of butters were investigated over three seasons during a 12‐month study in the protected designation of origin Parmigiano‐Reggiano cheese area. Fatty acids were analyzed by GC‐FID, and then computed by artificial neural networks (ANN). Compared with spring and winter, butter manufactured from summer milk creams showed an optimal saturated/un‐saturated fatty acids ratio (−8.89 and −5.79%), lower levels of saturated fatty acids (−2.63 and −1.68%) and higher levels of mono‐unsaturated (+5.50 and +3.45%), poly‐unsaturated fatty acids (+0.65 and +0.17%), and rumenic acid (+0.55 and +3.41%), while vaccenic acid had lower levels in spring and higher in winter (−2.94 and +2.91%). Moreover, the ANN models were able ... European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5205406 Wed, 17 Aug 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5205406 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5138354&cid=s_33769_162_f&fid=33769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fejlt.201000304 We describe a novel process for extraction of tea oil preceded by tea saponin extraction from Camellia oleifera seed kernels. The extraction efficiency obtained with microwave‐assisted extraction (MAE) is very high, which the recovery yield is up to 83% in 30 seconds and the saponins in camellia seed kernels can be completely removed by the second microwave‐assisted extraction. Moreover, an important step in the process development has been the pretreatment of microwave puffing of Camellia seed kernel residues followed by aqueous enzymatic oil extraction (AEOE) increased oil extraction yield from 53.2% to 95%, which will is comparable to hexane oil extraction yields from plant materials. (Source: European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology) European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5138354 Tue, 16 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5138354 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5138353&cid=s_33769_162_f&fid=33769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fejlt.201100203 AbstractSqualene is a natural triterpene and an important intermediate of sterol and hopanoid biosynthesis in various types of cell from bacteria to human. Synthesis and further conversion of squalene are key steps in the metabolism of sterols and related components. Here we summarize the recent knowledge of squalene biochemistry, its molecular properties and its physiological effects. We compare squalene biosynthetic pathways in different cell types and describe biotechnological strategies to isolate this lipid. Finally, applications of squalene in nutrition, pharmacy and medicine are discussed. (Source: European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology) European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5138353 Tue, 16 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5138353 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5138352&cid=s_33769_162_f&fid=33769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fejlt.201100167 AbstractThe seasonal variation of the fatty acids composition of butters were investigated over 3 seasons during a 12‐month study in the protected designation of origin Parmigiano‐Reggiano cheese area. Fatty acids were analyzed by GC‐FID, and then computed by artificial neural networks (ANN). Compared with spring and winter, butter manufactured from summer milk creams showed an optimal saturated/un‐saturated fatty acids ratio (‐8.89% and ‐5.79%), lower levels of saturated fatty acids (‐2.63% and ‐1.68%) and higher levels of mono‐unsaturated (+5.50% and +3.45%), poly‐unsaturated fatty acids (+0.65% and +0.17%), and rumenic acid (+0.55% and +3.41%), while vaccenic acid had lower levels in spring and higher in winter (‐2.94% and +2.91%). Moreover, the ANN models were abl... European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5138352 Tue, 16 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5138352 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5205404&cid=s_33769_162_f&fid=33769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fejlt.201100063 AbstractThe Successful development of 00‐oilseed rape ‐ also named canola (erucic acid free in seed oil and low glucosinolate content in the residual seed) has opened almost unlimited avenues into the food and feed markets. Oilseed rape is today the world's third leading oil crop and contributes both to the economies and health of people around the world. During the last decades, the demand for vegetable oils as food, non‐food and biofuel has grown significantly. This demand was withstood due to improved agronomic developments, better processing methods and improvements in the varieties available. Yield however, varies in different countries, reflecting different input levels and production efficiency. This highlights the scope for crop improvement, and yield will continue to be the ... European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5205404 Mon, 01 Aug 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5205404 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5194918&cid=s_33769_162_f&fid=33769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fejlt.201100045 AbstractElectrochemical conversions combine an electron transfer with a chemical reaction, which allows conversions that are not available in non‐electrochemical reactions. Electrochemical conversions need mostly fewer steps, produce less waste, provide a cheaper reagent, require less auxiliaries and allow often an easier scale‐up than non‐electrochemical syntheses. In addition, they can be conducted at ambient temperature and pressure. All these qualities agree well with the rules of green chemistry. Electroactive sites for fatty acids are the carboxyl group, the C‐C double bond and the activated C‐H bond. The deprotonated carboxyl group is anodically decarboxylated to afford an alkyl radical. The radical can couple or add to a C‐C double bond. Radical coupling provides dieste... European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5194918 Sun, 31 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5194918 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5180938&cid=s_33769_162_f&fid=33769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fejlt.201100044 AbstractSelective hydrogenation over pre‐reduced 8% Cu/SiO2 catalysts has been carried out on a series of non‐food oils methylesters. The catalyst shows a very high diene: monoene selectivity, thus allowing one to reduce not only the linolenic component, but also the linoleic one in this way enriching the oil in oleic acid and avoiding a contemporary increase in stearic acid concentration. This treatment improves the oxidation stability of the oil while keeping acceptable viscosity and cold properties and can be used to standardise a wide variety of different available feedstock.Practical applicationsVegetable oils from different sources can be used as primary, secondary (when they are residues of other processes) or tertiary (post‐consumer wastes) feedstock for the chemical industry... European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5180938 Sun, 31 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5180938 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5157986&cid=s_33769_162_f&fid=33769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fejlt.201100051 AbstractWaste not, want not! This saying also applies to the yeast. In times of excess this microorganism synthesizes non‐polar lipids, triacylglycerols and steryl esters, which serve as energy source and/or as a source of building blocks for the formation of membrane phospholipids when nutriments become limiting. Due to the lack of charged groups substantial amounts of non‐polar lipids cannot be incorporated into cellular membranes, whereas the hydrophobic nature of these molecules also deprives cytosolic localization. Consequently, triacylglycerols and steryl esters are stored in specialized compartments known as lipid particles or lipid droplets. Triacylglycerol synthases and steryl ester synthases which catalyze the final steps in storage lipid formation occur redundantly. Hydrolyt... European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5157986 Sun, 31 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5157986 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5138351&cid=s_33769_162_f&fid=33769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fejlt.201000494 AbstractThe changes in fatty acid composition, non‐polar (triglycerols) and polar lipids (phospholipids), total free fatty acids and total cholesterol of Russian sturgeon (Acipenser gueldenstaedtii) were studied during 360 days of storage at ‐18 °C. It was established that total neutral lipids and phospholipids content decreased and total free fatty acids concentration increased significantly during the frozen storage. Lower non‐polar and polar lipids content and higher free fatty acids concentration of vacuum‐packaged samples in comparison with air‐packaged samples were found. The changes in total cholesterol concentration and phospholipid classes of frozen stored sturgeon were not influenced by the frozen storage period and the type of packaging. It was established that the st... European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5138351 Sun, 31 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5138351 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5130467&cid=s_33769_162_f&fid=33769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fejlt.201100246 (Source: European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology) European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5130467 Sun, 31 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5130467 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5130466&cid=s_33769_162_f&fid=33769&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fejlt.201190024 (Source: European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology) European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5130466 Sun, 31 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5130466