MedWorm.com provides a medical RSS filtering service. Over 6000 RSS medical sources are combined and output via different filters. This feed contains the latest items from the 'European Neuropsychopharmacology' source. Thu, 09 Feb 2012 02:31:45 +0100 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5669734&cid=s_35556_36_f&fid=35556&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanneuropsychopharmacology.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0924977X12000089%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes (Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology) European Neuropsychopharmacology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5669734 Thu, 09 Feb 2012 07:14:32 +0100 5669734 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5669733&cid=s_35556_36_f&fid=35556&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanneuropsychopharmacology.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0924977X12000065%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes (Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology) European Neuropsychopharmacology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5669733 Thu, 09 Feb 2012 07:14:32 +0100 5669733 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5669732&cid=s_35556_36_f&fid=35556&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanneuropsychopharmacology.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0924977X12000090%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes The authors regret that in the abovementioned article, an author name and affiliation were listed incorrectly. The correct listing is printed above. (Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology) European Neuropsychopharmacology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5669732 Thu, 09 Feb 2012 07:14:32 +0100 5669732 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5669725&cid=s_35556_36_f&fid=35556&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanneuropsychopharmacology.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0924977X1200003X%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes (Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology) European Neuropsychopharmacology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5669725 Thu, 09 Feb 2012 07:14:32 +0100 5669725 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5546372&cid=s_35556_36_f&fid=35556&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanneuropsychopharmacology.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0924977X11003257%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes (Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology) European Neuropsychopharmacology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5546372 Wed, 28 Dec 2011 23:42:28 +0100 5546372 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5546371&cid=s_35556_36_f&fid=35556&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanneuropsychopharmacology.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0924977X11003233%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes (Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology) European Neuropsychopharmacology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5546371 Wed, 28 Dec 2011 23:42:28 +0100 5546371 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5546361&cid=s_35556_36_f&fid=35556&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanneuropsychopharmacology.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0924977X11003208%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes (Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology) European Neuropsychopharmacology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5546361 Wed, 28 Dec 2011 23:42:28 +0100 5546361 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5528149&cid=s_35556_36_f&fid=35556&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanneuropsychopharmacology.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0924977X11003038%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes (Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology) European Neuropsychopharmacology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5528149 Thu, 22 Dec 2011 20:26:32 +0100 5528149 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5528148&cid=s_35556_36_f&fid=35556&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanneuropsychopharmacology.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0924977X11003014%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes (Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology) European Neuropsychopharmacology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5528148 Thu, 22 Dec 2011 20:26:32 +0100 5528148 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5528139&cid=s_35556_36_f&fid=35556&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanneuropsychopharmacology.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0924977X11002987%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes (Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology) European Neuropsychopharmacology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5528139 Thu, 22 Dec 2011 20:26:32 +0100 5528139 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5433793&cid=s_35556_36_f&fid=35556&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanneuropsychopharmacology.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0924977X11002756%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes (Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology) European Neuropsychopharmacology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5433793 Tue, 22 Nov 2011 19:46:33 +0100 5433793 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5433792&cid=s_35556_36_f&fid=35556&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanneuropsychopharmacology.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0924977X11002732%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes (Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology) European Neuropsychopharmacology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5433792 Tue, 22 Nov 2011 19:46:33 +0100 5433792 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5433782&cid=s_35556_36_f&fid=35556&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanneuropsychopharmacology.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0924977X11002707%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes (Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology) European Neuropsychopharmacology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5433782 Tue, 22 Nov 2011 19:46:33 +0100 5433782 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5277131&cid=s_35556_36_f&fid=35556&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanneuropsychopharmacology.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0924977X11002409%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes (Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology) European Neuropsychopharmacology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5277131 Mon, 03 Oct 2011 18:51:32 +0100 5277131 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5277130&cid=s_35556_36_f&fid=35556&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanneuropsychopharmacology.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0924977X11002380%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes (Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology) European Neuropsychopharmacology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5277130 Mon, 03 Oct 2011 18:51:32 +0100 5277130 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5277122&cid=s_35556_36_f&fid=35556&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanneuropsychopharmacology.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0924977X11002355%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes (Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology) European Neuropsychopharmacology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5277122 Mon, 03 Oct 2011 18:51:32 +0100 5277122 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5669729&cid=s_35556_36_f&fid=35556&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanneuropsychopharmacology.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0924977X11001660%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: In mammals, the circadian and stress systems are involved in adaptation to predictable and unpredictable stimuli, respectively. A series of experiments examined the relationship between stress-induced posttraumatic stress (PTSD)-like behavioral response patterns in rats and brain levels of genes related to circadian rhythms. The effects of agomelatine, administered immediately after exposure, on stress-related behavior and on local expression of Per1 and Per2 were assessed. Animals were exposed to predator scent stress. The outcome measures included behavior in an elevated plus-maze (EPM) and acoustic startle response (ASR) 7days after the exposure. Pre-set cut-off behavioral criteria classified exposed animals according to behavioral responses in EPM and ASR paradigms as those w... European Neuropsychopharmacology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5669729 Mon, 19 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5669729 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5669727&cid=s_35556_36_f&fid=35556&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanneuropsychopharmacology.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0924977X11001647%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes The objective of this manuscript is to report associations between baseline depressive severity and (1) baseline sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, (2) treatment outcomes, and (3) differential outcomes for three treatment groups. Six hundred and sixty-five outpatients with nonpsychotic, major depressive disorder were prospectively randomized to treatment with either a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) monotherapy (escitalopram plus placebo) or one of two antidepressant medication combinations (bupropion-sustained release plus escitalopram, or venlafaxine-extended release plus mirtazapine). For purposes of these analyses, participants were divided into four groups based on baseline severity by the 16-item Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology — Self-Report (... European Neuropsychopharmacology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5669727 Mon, 19 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5669727 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5669726&cid=s_35556_36_f&fid=35556&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanneuropsychopharmacology.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0924977X11002045%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Conclusion: Overall, there is scarce evidence of efficacy and safety as regards adjunctive strategies for CLZ-resistant patients. However, several limitations do not allow to draw any definitive conclusion; among these we underline the small sample size of clinical trials, the variable definitions of CLZ resistance, the heterogeneity of outcome measures and methodological designs. (Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology) European Neuropsychopharmacology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5669726 Mon, 12 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5669726 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5277123&cid=s_35556_36_f&fid=35556&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanneuropsychopharmacology.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0924977X11002021%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: The European Medicines Agency (EMA) in London is responsible for the Regulatory review of new medicinal products for Marketing Authorisation, through which pharmaceutical companies may obtain first Marketing Authorisation and subsequent Variations valid throughout the EU and EFTA.The qualification opinion of novel methodologies is a new procedure where applicants can obtain scientific advice on new methodologies for regulatory clinical trials of efficacy of new compounds. It will help benefit/risk assessment of the CHMP.The definition of prodromal AD is acceptable. The “Dubois Criteria” as criteria to define the population must be validated in full at the time of the submission of the dossiers.Including a positive CSF biomarker profile is considered predictive for the evaluat... European Neuropsychopharmacology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5277123 Wed, 07 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5277123 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5198875&cid=s_35556_36_f&fid=35556&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanneuropsychopharmacology.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0924977X11001799%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes (Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology) European Neuropsychopharmacology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5198875 Wed, 31 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5198875 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5198874&cid=s_35556_36_f&fid=35556&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanneuropsychopharmacology.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0924977X11001805%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes (Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology) European Neuropsychopharmacology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5198874 Wed, 31 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5198874 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5198873&cid=s_35556_36_f&fid=35556&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanneuropsychopharmacology.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0924977X11001775%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes (Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology) European Neuropsychopharmacology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5198873 Wed, 31 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5198873 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5198868&cid=s_35556_36_f&fid=35556&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanneuropsychopharmacology.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0924977X11001726%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Conclusion: In every year over a third of the total EU population suffers from mental disorders. The true size of “disorders of the brain” including neurological disorders is even considerably larger. Disorders of the brain are the largest contributor to the all cause morbidity burden as measured by DALY in the EU. No indications for increasing overall rates of mental disorders were found nor of improved care and treatment since 2005; less than one third of all cases receive any treatment, suggesting a considerable level of unmet needs. We conclude that the true size and burden of disorders of the brain in the EU was significantly underestimated in the past. Concerted priority action is needed at all levels, including substantially increased funding for basic, clinical and public healt... European Neuropsychopharmacology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5198868 Wed, 31 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5198868 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5198867&cid=s_35556_36_f&fid=35556&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanneuropsychopharmacology.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0924977X1100174X%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes (Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology) European Neuropsychopharmacology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5198867 Wed, 31 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5198867 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5669730&cid=s_35556_36_f&fid=35556&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanneuropsychopharmacology.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0924977X11001659%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes In this study, arterial spin labeling-based functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was applied to detect TMT-induced regional modulations of neuronal activity in Wistar rats. During TMT exposure the rats displayed increased freezing behavior and reduced exploration in the odor-associated area. Neuronal activity was selectively increased in the dorsal periaqueductal gray, superior colliculus and medial thalamus and reduced in the median raphe, locus coeruleus, nucleus accumbens shell, ventral tegmental area, ventral pallidum and entorhinal piriform cortex. This fMRI fingerprint involving distinct neuronal pathways was used to describe a schematic model of fear processing. Key brain areas known to underlie fear and anxiety-related autonomic and behavioral responses as well as centers o... European Neuropsychopharmacology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5669730 Mon, 22 Aug 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5669730 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5669728&cid=s_35556_36_f&fid=35556&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanneuropsychopharmacology.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0924977X11001672%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: The vasodilator niacin may provoke greater facial flushing and other symptoms of anxiety in patients with social anxiety disorder than in non-anxious controls. To determine whether this also applies in non-clinical samples, niacin (100mg) or placebo was administered double-blind to 33 young adults and flushing was investigated in relation to fear of negative evaluation (a cardinal feature of social anxiety). Increases in facial blood flow were greater in people with high than low fear of negative evaluation in the niacin condition, but were similar in both groups in the placebo condition. However, changes in pulse rate and ratings of embarrassment, anxiety, blushing and facial heat were similar in both groups in both drug conditions. These findings suggest that the facial vessels... European Neuropsychopharmacology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5669728 Mon, 22 Aug 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5669728 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5546368&cid=s_35556_36_f&fid=35556&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanneuropsychopharmacology.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0924977X11001593%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Many patients with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) only respond to pharmacological treatment after a delay of some weeks, and approximately 35% of patients do not respond. Therefore, early identification of potential responders may have important implications for clinical decision-making. In order to identify early improvement criteria that optimally predict eventual response during short-term treatment of GAD with pregabalin or venlafaxine XR, data were pooled from four double-blind, placebo-controlled GAD treatment studies. A range of measures were analyzed using logistic regression models and receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, to predict endpoint response. Results showed that early improvement (≥20% reduction from baseline score) on the Hamilton Anxiet... European Neuropsychopharmacology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5546368 Fri, 12 Aug 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5546368 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5669731&cid=s_35556_36_f&fid=35556&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanneuropsychopharmacology.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0924977X11001635%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes We described a first approach to the pharmacological targets of mephedrone (4-methyl-methcathinone) in rats to establish the basis of the mechanism of action of this drug of abuse.Experimental procedures: We performed in vitro experiments in isolated synaptosomes or tissue membrane preparations from rat cortex or striatum, studying the effect of mephedrone on monoamine uptake and the displacement of several specific radioligands by this drug.Results: In isolated synaptosomes from rat cortex or striatum, mephedrone inhibited the uptake of serotonin (5-HT) with an IC50 value lower than that of dopamine (DA) uptake (IC50=0.31±0.08 and 0.97±0.05μM, respectively). Moreover, mephedrone displaced competitively both [3H]paroxetine and [3H]WIN35428 binding in a concentration-dependent manner (Ki... European Neuropsychopharmacology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5669731 Mon, 08 Aug 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5669731 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5546364&cid=s_35556_36_f&fid=35556&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanneuropsychopharmacology.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0924977X11001568%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Neuroimaging studies have consistently shown functional brain abnormalities in patients with Bipolar Disorder (BD) and Major Depressive Disorder (MDD). However, the extent to which these two disorders are associated with similar or distinct neural changes remains unclear. We conducted a systematic review of functional magnetic resonance imaging studies comparing BD and MDD patients to healthy participants using facial affect processing paradigms. Relevant spatial coordinates from twenty original studies were subjected to quantitative Activation Likelihood Estimation meta-analyses based on 168 BD and 189 MDD patients and 344 healthy controls. We identified common and distinct patterns of neural engagement for BD and MDD within the facial affect processing network. Both disorders w... European Neuropsychopharmacology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5546364 Mon, 08 Aug 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5546364 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5546366&cid=s_35556_36_f&fid=35556&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanneuropsychopharmacology.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0924977X11001520%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: This analysis was conducted to compare the effects of adjunctive ziprasidone or placebo on metabolic parameters among patients receiving maintenance treatment with lithium or valproate. We also tested whether metabolic syndrome (MetS) and other risk factors were associated with baseline characteristics and treatment response. In the stabilization phase (Phase 1), 584 bipolar I disorder (DSM-IV) patients received 2.5–4months of open label ziprasidone (80–160mg/d) plus lithium or valproic acid (ZIP+MS). Patients who achieved at least 8weeks of clinical stability were subsequently randomized into Phase 2 to 6-months of double-blind treatment with ZIP+MS (n=127) vs. placebo+MS (n=113).At baseline of Phase 1, MetS was found in 111 participants (23%). Participants with MetS (vs. no... European Neuropsychopharmacology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5546366 Fri, 29 Jul 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5546366 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5546370&cid=s_35556_36_f&fid=35556&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanneuropsychopharmacology.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0924977X11001544%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: The open field test is a common tool to measure innate anxiety in rodents. In the usual configuration of this test the animal is forced to explore the open arena and its behavior includes both anxiety and non-anxiety responses. However, the open arena is generally small and allows only limited expression of exploratory behavior. The recently developed dimensionality emergence assay in which an animal is housed in a home cage with free access to a large circular arena elicits graded exploration and promises to serve as a more ethological test of anxiety. Here we examined the predictive validity of this assay for anxiety-related measures in mice. First, we compared their behavior in the presence or absence of access to the home cage and found that mice with access to the home cage ... European Neuropsychopharmacology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5546370 Tue, 26 Jul 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5546370 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5546367&cid=s_35556_36_f&fid=35556&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanneuropsychopharmacology.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0924977X11001532%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Recent evidence supports the use of second generation antipsychotics in drug resistant depression. The aim of the present open-label study was to evaluate the effect of aripiprazole as an add-on medication in drug-resistant depressed patients who had not responded to clomipramine. Thirty-five patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) were included in the study. All patients had not responded to a previous adequate treatment with an SSRI and had been receiving clomipramine (daily doses ranging from 100 to 300mg) for 113.9±18.9days without getting significant clinical improvement. Aripiprazole was added at the fixed dose of 5mg/day and clinical status as well as clomipramine plasma levels were monitored before and after 4, 8, and 24weeks of combined treatment. Hamilton depress... European Neuropsychopharmacology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5546367 Mon, 25 Jul 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5546367 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5546369&cid=s_35556_36_f&fid=35556&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanneuropsychopharmacology.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0924977X11001325%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: In a previous study, steady-state methadone treatment was found to prevent associative cocaine learning, as well as related decreases in mRNA expression of preprohypocretin/preproorexin (ppHcrt) in the lateral hypothalamus (LH) and dopamine D2 receptor (DR2) in the caudate-putamen (CP), and increases in mu-opioid receptor in the ventral striatum of rats. To investigate whether the same regimen of methadone exposure could prevent the incubation of cocaine sensitization and related alterations in gene expression, male Sprague–Dawley rats received 45mg/kg/day steady-dose “binge” cocaine administration (IP) for 14days followed by mini-pumps releasing 30mg/kg/day methadone (SC). After 14days of methadone, and a subsequent 10-day drug-free period, all rats were tested for sensiti... European Neuropsychopharmacology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5546369 Tue, 12 Jul 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5546369 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5546365&cid=s_35556_36_f&fid=35556&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanneuropsychopharmacology.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0924977X11001337%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes In this study we investigate the relationship between alcohol, cannabis and nicotine use with gray matter volume in ARMS subjects and healthy volunteers. Twenty seven ARMS subjects and 27 healthy volunteers took part in the study. All subjects underwent volumetric MRI imaging. The relationship between regional gray matter volume and cannabis use, smoking, and alcohol use in controls and ARMS subjects was analysed using voxel-based morphometry. In any region where a significant relationship with drug was present, data were analysed to determine if there was any group difference in this relationship. Alcohol intake was inversely correlated with gray matter volume in cerebellum, cannabis intake was use was inversely correlated with gray matter volume in prefrontal cortex and tobacco intake wa... European Neuropsychopharmacology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5546365 Mon, 11 Jul 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5546365 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5277125&cid=s_35556_36_f&fid=35556&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanneuropsychopharmacology.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0924977X11001301%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: High-dose corticosteroids have been reported to reduce symptoms of acute stress and post-traumatic stress in polytrauma patients and in animal studies. The underlying mechanism of action remains largely unclear. These issues were addressed in parallel in the clinical and preclinical studies below. In this preliminary study, 25 patients with acute stress symptoms were administered a single intravenous bolus of high-dose hydrocortisone (100–140mg) or placebo within 6h of a traumatic event in a prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled pilot study. Early single high-dose hydrocortisone intervention attenuated the core symptoms of both the acute stress and of subsequent PTSD in patients. High-dose hydrocortisone treatment given in the first few hours after a traumat... European Neuropsychopharmacology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5277125 Mon, 11 Jul 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5277125 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5002278&cid=s_35556_36_f&fid=35556&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanneuropsychopharmacology.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0924977X11001404%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes (Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology) European Neuropsychopharmacology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5002278 Thu, 07 Jul 2011 17:03:45 +0100 5002278 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5002277&cid=s_35556_36_f&fid=35556&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanneuropsychopharmacology.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0924977X11001453%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes (Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology) European Neuropsychopharmacology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5002277 Thu, 07 Jul 2011 17:03:45 +0100 5002277 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5002276&cid=s_35556_36_f&fid=35556&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanneuropsychopharmacology.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0924977X11001386%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes (Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology) European Neuropsychopharmacology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5002276 Thu, 07 Jul 2011 17:03:45 +0100 5002276 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5002268&cid=s_35556_36_f&fid=35556&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanneuropsychopharmacology.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0924977X11001350%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes (Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology) European Neuropsychopharmacology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5002268 Thu, 07 Jul 2011 17:03:43 +0100 5002268 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5546363&cid=s_35556_36_f&fid=35556&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanneuropsychopharmacology.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0924977X11001313%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: There is a potential risk that 5-HT1A receptor blockade combined with blockade of the 5-HT transporter by an SSRI may cause a toxic increase in 5-HT within the synapse, sparking concern for 'serotonin syndrome', a rare but potentially life threatening condition. We evaluated the safety and pharmacodynamics of the combination of the 5-HT1A antagonist lecozotan and the SSRI citalopram in a well-controlled Clinical Pharmacology Unit setting using the Hunter Serotonin Toxicity Criteria (HSTC), a set of validated decision rules featuring neurological and body temperature measurements, to detect any clinically relevant serotonin toxicity. Forty-three young healthy male subjects were randomized, to 2 parallel double-blind treatment groups following a 10-day citalopram 40mg run-in period... European Neuropsychopharmacology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5546363 Wed, 06 Jul 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5546363 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5528140&cid=s_35556_36_f&fid=35556&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanneuropsychopharmacology.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0924977X11001027%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Previous meta-analyses of structural MRI studies have shown diffuse cortical and sub-cortical abnormalities in unipolar depression. However, the presence of duplicate publications, recruitment of particular age groups and the selection of specific regions of interest means that there is uncertainty about the balance of current research. Moreover, the lack of systematic exploration of highly significant heterogeneity has prevented the generalisability of finding. A systematic review and random-effects meta-analysis was carried out to estimate effect sizes. Possible publication bias, and the impact of various study design characteristics on the magnitude of the observed effect size were systematically explored. The aim of this study was 1) to include structural MRI studies systemat... European Neuropsychopharmacology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5528140 Mon, 04 Jul 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5528140 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5528147&cid=s_35556_36_f&fid=35556&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanneuropsychopharmacology.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0924977X11001258%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Depressive disorders are among the world's greatest public health problems. Na+, K+-ATPase is the established receptor for the steroidal digitalis-like compounds (DLC). Alteration in brain Na+, K+-ATPase and DLC have been detected in depressive disorders raising the hypothesis of their involvement in these pathology. The present study was designed to further elaborate this hypothesis by investigating the behavioral and biochemical consequences of neutralization in brain DLC activity attained by anti-ouabain antibodies administrations, in normal Sprague–Dawley (SD) and in the Flinders Sensitive Line (FSL) of genetically depressed rats. Chronic i.c.v. administration of anti-ouabain antibodies to FSL rats elicited anti-depressive behavior. Administration of anti-ouabain antibodies... European Neuropsychopharmacology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5528147 Thu, 23 Jun 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5528147 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4948227&cid=s_35556_36_f&fid=35556&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanneuropsychopharmacology.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0924977X11001118%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes (Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology) European Neuropsychopharmacology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4948227 Tue, 21 Jun 2011 01:16:37 +0100 4948227 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4948226&cid=s_35556_36_f&fid=35556&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanneuropsychopharmacology.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0924977X11001246%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes (Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology) European Neuropsychopharmacology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4948226 Tue, 21 Jun 2011 01:16:37 +0100 4948226 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4948225&cid=s_35556_36_f&fid=35556&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanneuropsychopharmacology.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0924977X1100109X%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes (Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology) European Neuropsychopharmacology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4948225 Tue, 21 Jun 2011 01:16:37 +0100 4948225 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4948218&cid=s_35556_36_f&fid=35556&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanneuropsychopharmacology.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0924977X11001039%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes In early March 2011 the European College of Neuropsychopharmacology (ECNP) hosted a summit to consider the implications and consequences of the abrupt withdrawal of a number of major pharmaceutical companies from key areas of neuroscience research and development in brain disorders and psychopharmacology in particular. This paper presents the recommendations of the summit plus details of the background and analyses of the problem. It will be widely circulated within Europe and elsewhere. (Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology) European Neuropsychopharmacology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4948218 Tue, 21 Jun 2011 01:16:35 +0100 4948218 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4948217&cid=s_35556_36_f&fid=35556&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanneuropsychopharmacology.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0924977X11001064%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes (Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology) European Neuropsychopharmacology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4948217 Tue, 21 Jun 2011 01:16:35 +0100 4948217 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5546362&cid=s_35556_36_f&fid=35556&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanneuropsychopharmacology.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0924977X11001040%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Neuropathic pain is a disease of global burden. Its symptoms include spontaneous and stimulus-evoked painful sensations. Several maladaptive mechanisms underlying these symptoms have been elucidated in recent years: peripheral sensitization of nociception, abnormal excitability of afferent neurons, central sensitization comprising pronociceptive facilitation, disinhibition of nociception and central reorganization processes, and sympathetically maintained pain. This review aims to illustrate these pathophysiological principles, focussing on molecular and neurophysiological findings. Finally therapeutic options based on these findings are discussed. (Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology) European Neuropsychopharmacology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5546362 Wed, 15 Jun 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5546362 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5528143&cid=s_35556_36_f&fid=35556&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanneuropsychopharmacology.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0924977X11001003%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes The objective of the study was to determine healthcare costs and indirect illness costs in MS patient in a national sample.We used all national records from the Danish National Patient Registry (1998–2006), and identified 10,849 MS patients which were compared with 43,396 randomly age-, sex- and social matched citizens. Healthcare sector costs included frequencies and costs of hospitalizations and weighted outpatient use, frequencies of visits and hospitalizations and costs from primary sectors, and the use and costs of drugs. Productivity costs (the value of lost productivity from time off from work due to illness) and all social transfer payments were also calculated.Patients with MS had significantly higher rates of health-related contact and medication use and very low employment rat... European Neuropsychopharmacology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5528143 Mon, 13 Jun 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5528143 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5002269&cid=s_35556_36_f&fid=35556&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanneuropsychopharmacology.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0924977X11001131%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes For many years, the field of child neuropsychopharmacology has been neglected, pursued by only a very few researchers suffering due to lack of funding. Only recently has the issue of safety and tolerability of psychotropic drugs in children and adolescents become a matter of major concern. In recent years, we have known that these drugs have been used much more frequently than in the past and for longer periods of time, not only mostly in the USA, but also, to a lesser extent, in Europe () (). These are in part some of the reasons that have led both the FDA and EMA to implement regulations that encourage and make it mandatory to conduct clinical trials in pediatric populations. The consequences of the 2007 pediatric regulation in the EU, at the regulatory level and for research aimed at d... European Neuropsychopharmacology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5002269 Sun, 12 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5002269 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5528144&cid=s_35556_36_f&fid=35556&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanneuropsychopharmacology.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0924977X11001015%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Performance of recruitment centers is a critical feature for the success of multicentric randomized clinical trials (RCT). An enrichment window strategy (EWS) was recently proposed to enhance signal detection in RCTs based on the identification of centers with non-plausible placebo response, leading to a Per Protocol exclusion of all data from these non-informative centers before statistical analysis. The risk of an inflated Type I error associated with EWS was assessed using Clinical Trial Simulation. Randomized two-arm placebo controlled trials were simulated under the assumption that the drug treatment was ineffective.The results obtained in the absence of population enrichment were compared to the results obtained after EWS application. The results indicated that EWS preserve... European Neuropsychopharmacology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5528144 Thu, 02 Jun 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5528144 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5433783&cid=s_35556_36_f&fid=35556&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanneuropsychopharmacology.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0924977X1100071X%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Research in the area of herbal psychopharmacology has increased markedly over the past decades. To date however, a comprehensive review of herbal antidepressant, anxiolytic and hypnotic psychopharmacology and applications in depression, anxiety and insomnia has been absent. A search of MEDLINE (PubMed), CINAHL, PsycINFO, and the Cochrane Library databases was conducted (up to February 21st 2011) on commonly used psychotropic herbal medicines. A review of the literature was conducted to ascertain mechanisms of action of these botanicals, in addition to a systematic review of controlled clinical trials for treatment of mood, anxiety and sleep disorders, which are common comorbid psychiatric disorders. Specific emphasis was given to emerging phytomedicines. Analysis of evidence leve... European Neuropsychopharmacology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5433783 Wed, 25 May 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5433783 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5528146&cid=s_35556_36_f&fid=35556&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanneuropsychopharmacology.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0924977X11000940%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes We examined acute DBS of the VTA as a novel method for ameliorating these electrophysiological aberrations, in addition to attenuation of depressive-like behavior. The pattern of stimulation was fashioned to mimic the firing pattern of VTA neurons in control rats, as shown in previous work. The results suggest that treatment with programmed acute electrical stimulation of the VTA substantially restores VTA LFP in FSL rats to normal activity levels, parallel to alleviation of depressive-like behavior, for an extended period of time. (Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology) European Neuropsychopharmacology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5528146 Thu, 19 May 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5528146 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5528142&cid=s_35556_36_f&fid=35556&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanneuropsychopharmacology.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0924977X11000733%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: CB1 receptor is highly expressed in cerebral structures related to motor control, such as motor cortex, basal ganglia and cerebellum. In the spinal cord, the expression of CB1 receptors has also been observed in ventral motor neurons, interneurons and primary afferents, i.e., in the cells that may be part of the circuits involved in motor control. It is known that the antagonist/inverse agonist of CB1 receptors Rimonabant penetrates the blood–brain barrier and produces a broad range of central psychoactive effects in humans. Based on the occurrence of central effects in humans treated with Rimonabant and on the location of CB1 receptors, we hypothesized that the application of Rimonabant can also affect the motor system. We tested the effects of a single dose of 20mg of Rimonab... European Neuropsychopharmacology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5528142 Mon, 16 May 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5528142 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5198869&cid=s_35556_36_f&fid=35556&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanneuropsychopharmacology.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0924977X1100040X%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes The objective of the present review is to systematically consider and summarize the best evidence-based approaches to the treatment of SAD and extensively point out the gap between treatment research and clinical practice of this disorder. The complex problem of controlling the pleomorphic presentation of SAD's syndromic construct is reflected in the lack of evidence on key topics, including: diagnostic consistency, pharmacological approaches (mood stabilizers, antidepressants, both in acute and maintenance treatment as well as their possible combination), and the adjunctive role of psychosocial and biophysical interventions. Finally, treatment strategies for SAD, both unipolar and bipolar type, are proposed. (Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology) European Neuropsychopharmacology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5198869 Thu, 12 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5198869 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4808552&cid=s_35556_36_f&fid=35556&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanneuropsychopharmacology.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0924977X11000800%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes (Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology) European Neuropsychopharmacology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4808552 Wed, 11 May 2011 23:23:43 +0100 4808552 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4808551&cid=s_35556_36_f&fid=35556&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanneuropsychopharmacology.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0924977X11000812%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes (Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology) European Neuropsychopharmacology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4808551 Wed, 11 May 2011 23:23:43 +0100 4808551 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4808550&cid=s_35556_36_f&fid=35556&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanneuropsychopharmacology.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0924977X11000782%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes (Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology) European Neuropsychopharmacology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4808550 Wed, 11 May 2011 23:23:43 +0100 4808550 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4808543&cid=s_35556_36_f&fid=35556&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanneuropsychopharmacology.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0924977X11000757%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes (Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology) European Neuropsychopharmacology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4808543 Wed, 11 May 2011 23:23:39 +0100 4808543 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5528145&cid=s_35556_36_f&fid=35556&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanneuropsychopharmacology.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0924977X11000721%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Repeated exposure to psychostimulant drugs induces complex molecular and structural modifications in discrete brain regions of the meso-cortico-limbic system. This structural remodeling is thought to underlie neurobehavioral adaptive responses. Administration to adolescent rats of methylphenidate (MPH), commonly used in attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), triggers alterations of reward-based behavior paralleled by persistent and plastic synaptic changes of neuronal and glial markers within key areas of the reward circuits. By immunohistochemistry, we observe a marked increase of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) expression and a down-regulation of glial glutamate transporter GLAST in dorso-lateral and ventro-medial s... European Neuropsychopharmacology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5528145 Mon, 09 May 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5528145 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5002273&cid=s_35556_36_f&fid=35556&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanneuropsychopharmacology.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0924977X11000708%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: In children and adolescents the Second Generation Antipsychotics (SGAs) represent the class of psychotropic drugs whose use has grown more significantly in recent years: they are primarily used for treatment of patients with disruptive behavior disorders, mood disorders and pervasive developmental disorders or mental retardation. In order to compare the efficacy and tolerability of antipsychotics against placebo or each other, a systematic Medline/PubMed search for randomized, double blind studies on SGA in patients younger than 18years of age at enrolment, was conducted. Papers on schizophrenia, discussed in another article of this specific issue, were excluded by the efficacy analysis. A set of standard efficacy and safety indices, such as treatment effect sizes (ES), the Numbe... European Neuropsychopharmacology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5002273 Sun, 08 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5002273 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5002272&cid=s_35556_36_f&fid=35556&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanneuropsychopharmacology.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0924977X11000678%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: ADHD is a common neuropsychiatric disorder with a strong persistence over time. Medication is frequently used in the clinical management of ADHD. After response, medication is typically prescribed for months to years. It is unclear whether extended medication treatment provides long-term benefits and how long it should be continued. Furthermore, there is concern about the long-term safety of ADHD medication. The aim of this systematic review is to address these issues and provide recommendations about the decision to stop or not to stop ADHD medication. We performed a search in PubMed and focused on medication studies with a treatment longer than 12weeks in subjects 6–18years old.Extended placebo-controlled double-blind parallel studies are not available. Placebo-controlled dis... European Neuropsychopharmacology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5002272 Thu, 28 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5002272 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5528141&cid=s_35556_36_f&fid=35556&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanneuropsychopharmacology.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0924977X11000691%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Second-generation antipsychotics (SGA), especially clozapine and olanzapine, are associated with an increased metabolic risk. Recent research showed that plasma adiponectin levels, an adipocyte-derived hormone that increases insulin sensitivity, vary in the same way in schizophrenic patients as in the general population according to gender, adiposity and metabolic syndrome (MetS). The aim of the present study was to investigate whether different SGAs differentially affect plasma adiponectin levels independent of body mass index (BMI) and MetS status.113 patients with schizophrenia (65.5% males, 32.3years old) who were free of antipsychotic medication were enrolled in this open-label prospective single-center study and received either risperidone (n=54) or olanzapine (n=59). They ... European Neuropsychopharmacology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5528141 Thu, 21 Apr 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5528141 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5433788&cid=s_35556_36_f&fid=35556&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanneuropsychopharmacology.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0924977X1100068X%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: The purpose of the present study was to examine the relationship between age and dopamine D2 receptor availability in striatal subdivisions of young and middle-aged healthy subjects using high-resolution positron emission tomography (PET) with [11C]raclopride to better characterize the nature of age-related decrements in striatal D2 receptor availability. Twenty-four healthy volunteers completed 3-Tesla magnetic resonance imaging and high-resolution [11C]raclopride PET scans. The analyses using linear and exponential models revealed that age had a significant negative correlation with D2 receptor availability in the post-commissural putamen (postPU) and that D2 receptor binding in the postPU decreased significantly more with age than in the ventral striatum, suggesting subregiona... European Neuropsychopharmacology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5433788 Thu, 21 Apr 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5433788 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5277124&cid=s_35556_36_f&fid=35556&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanneuropsychopharmacology.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0924977X11000423%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes In this study, we asked voters in Israel's national election (N=113) to report on their general affective state immediately before entering the polling place using the Positive Affect Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) and to provide us with a saliva sample through which we could evaluate their cortisol levels. Compared to a second sample of voters who reported their affective state on election night (N=70), we found that voters at the ballot box had higher positive and negative affect. Moreover, our voters at the polling place exhibited cortisol levels that were significantly higher than their own normal levels obtained on a similar day, and significantly higher than those of a second control group sampled the day after the elections (N=6). Our data demonstrate that elections are exciting, ... European Neuropsychopharmacology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5277124 Wed, 13 Apr 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5277124 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4700495&cid=s_35556_36_f&fid=35556&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanneuropsychopharmacology.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0924977X11000538%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes (Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology) European Neuropsychopharmacology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4700495 Tue, 12 Apr 2011 22:53:43 +0100 4700495 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4700494&cid=s_35556_36_f&fid=35556&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanneuropsychopharmacology.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0924977X1100054X%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes (Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology) European Neuropsychopharmacology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4700494 Tue, 12 Apr 2011 22:53:43 +0100 4700494 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4700493&cid=s_35556_36_f&fid=35556&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanneuropsychopharmacology.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0924977X11000514%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes (Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology) European Neuropsychopharmacology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4700493 Tue, 12 Apr 2011 22:53:43 +0100 4700493 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4700484&cid=s_35556_36_f&fid=35556&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanneuropsychopharmacology.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0924977X11000484%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes (Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology) European Neuropsychopharmacology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4700484 Tue, 12 Apr 2011 22:53:40 +0100 4700484 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5433785&cid=s_35556_36_f&fid=35556&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanneuropsychopharmacology.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0924977X11000447%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes The objective of this study was to compare coronary heart disease (CHD) risk and metabolic syndrome (MS) prevalence in patients with deficit (DS) and non-deficit schizophrenia treated with antipsychotics. A total of 1452 antipsychotic-treated outpatients meeting criteria for schizophrenia, schizophreniform or schizoaffective disorder were included in this cross-sectional multicentre study. CHD risk was assessed by SCORE (10-year cardiovascular death) risk score, and metabolic syndrome was assessed according to NCEP-ATP III criteria. A total of 1452 patients (863 men, 60.9%), 40.7±12.2years (mean±SD) were included. DS was found in 404 patients (35.1%). Patients with DS were older, more frequently male and obese, more likely to be receiving sickness benefits, and had longer illness duratio... European Neuropsychopharmacology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5433785 Fri, 08 Apr 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5433785 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5433786&cid=s_35556_36_f&fid=35556&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanneuropsychopharmacology.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0924977X11000460%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Posttraumatic obsessions have been reported in a few studies and case series. However, the magnitude of this phenomenon is still unknown. In the current study we systematically evaluated the prevalence of OCD in a sample of combat and terror related PTSD patients. Out of 44 referrals, 43% of the participants had PTSD with no OCD and 41% were diagnosed also with OCD. Six percent had sub-threshold OC symptoms. No difference was found between PTSD and PTSD–OCD participants' characteristics (including demographics, trauma-related factors, and other psychiatric co-morbidity). The surprisingly high number of OCD found in the current study suggests that PTSD–OCD might be underdiagnosed, signifies the importance of direct assessment of OCD in patients with PTSD, and raise questions r... European Neuropsychopharmacology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5433786 Thu, 07 Apr 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5433786 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5433784&cid=s_35556_36_f&fid=35556&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanneuropsychopharmacology.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0924977X11000435%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: There is as yet no definite prognostic marker to determine whether a first-episode psychosis will become schizophrenia or not. The aim of the present study is to address whether the mechanism of sensitization of the subcortical dopaminergic pathway – yielding to an increase of the postsynaptic D2 receptors – may serve as a prognostic marker of clinical outcome in drug naïve patients with a first-episode psychosis, by means of a prospective and multicentric study with untreated first-episode psychosis patients (n=37). 123I-IBZM SPECT was performed at the time of the inclusion in the study, before antipsychotic medication was initiated. One year later, patients were assessed again so as to determine their diagnosis. There was a significant group effect at baseline in D2 Striat... European Neuropsychopharmacology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5433784 Thu, 07 Apr 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5433784 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5277127&cid=s_35556_36_f&fid=35556&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanneuropsychopharmacology.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0924977X11000459%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) patients exhibit compulsive acts that share key characteristics that discriminate them from normal behaviors. In OCD, factor analysis of symptomatology has identified separate clusters (contamination/cleaning; harming/checking; symmetry/ordering; hoarding). Here we used video analysis of the motor characteristics of OCD compulsions derived from two separate clusters, checking and cleaning, in order to determine whether behavioral differences exist in the way these two compulsions are performed. We compared 22 behavioral components (acts) of 12 OC-cleaning rituals and 25 OC-checking rituals. A normal activity with the identical theme was matched for each OC ritual as a control. For each ritual and control, we measured 22 parameters (such as the ... European Neuropsychopharmacology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5277127 Thu, 07 Apr 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5277127 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5198870&cid=s_35556_36_f&fid=35556&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanneuropsychopharmacology.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0924977X11000411%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Antidepressants are an effective treatment for depressive and anxiety disorders. Those disorders are frequently accompanied by heightened cortisol levels. Antidepressants may affect hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis functioning, the alteration of which could be partially responsible for treatment efficacy. The association between antidepressants and cortisol was investigated in 1526 subjects of the Netherlands Study of Depression and Anxiety who were grouped into ‘serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) users’ (n=309), ‘tricyclic antidepressant (TCA) users’ (n=49), ‘other antidepressant users’ (n=100), and ‘non-users’ (n=1068). All subjects had a current or past diagnosis of anxiety and/or depression. Subjects provided 7 saliva samples from which 3 cortisol indi... European Neuropsychopharmacology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5198870 Sun, 03 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5198870 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4808544&cid=s_35556_36_f&fid=35556&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanneuropsychopharmacology.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0924977X1100037X%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes In the last years, the use of “antipsychotics” in areas that are not related to “psychosis” has been suggested; the use of medications like quetiapine in bipolar depression (), antipsychotic augmentation for major depression and dysthymia () and aripiprazole in non-psychotic mania () all reflect this trend. Many times, to prescribe an antipsychotic in clearly non-psychotic conditions leads to confusion in the patients: “Am I schizophrenic, doctor?” or “Why are you giving me an antipsychotic — is my condition that bad?” is a typical reaction. Many patients consult the web or go to another physician, and consequently, it aggravates compliance issues, which are already quite frequent in psychiatry. (Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology) European Neuropsychopharmacology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4808544 Sun, 27 Mar 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4808544 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4585727&cid=s_35556_36_f&fid=35556&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanneuropsychopharmacology.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0924977X11000320%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes (Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology) European Neuropsychopharmacology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4585727 Tue, 15 Mar 2011 18:14:27 +0100 4585727 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4585726&cid=s_35556_36_f&fid=35556&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanneuropsychopharmacology.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0924977X11000307%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes (Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology) European Neuropsychopharmacology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4585726 Tue, 15 Mar 2011 18:14:26 +0100 4585726 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4585717&cid=s_35556_36_f&fid=35556&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanneuropsychopharmacology.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0924977X11000277%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes (Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology) European Neuropsychopharmacology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4585717 Tue, 15 Mar 2011 18:14:25 +0100 4585717 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5433787&cid=s_35556_36_f&fid=35556&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanneuropsychopharmacology.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0924977X11000241%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Recent GWAS identified a risk variant for Alzheimer's disease (AD) at a locus (rs11136000) of the clusterin gene (CLU). Here we use functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during working memory to probe the effect of the risk variant on brain activation in healthy individuals. Participants with the CLU risk genotype had higher activity than participants with the protective allele in frontal and posterior cingulate cortex and the hippocampus, particularly during high memory demand. These results inform pathophysiological models of the preclinical progression of AD. (Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology) European Neuropsychopharmacology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5433787 Mon, 14 Mar 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5433787 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5277129&cid=s_35556_36_f&fid=35556&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanneuropsychopharmacology.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0924977X11000253%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Addiction is a brain chronic relapsing disorder associated with emotional distress. The serotonergic system and especially the 5-HT1A receptor crucially regulate emotional behaviors both in humans and rodents. Using [35S]GTPγS autoradiography in mice, we show that 5-HT1A receptor function is enhanced by chronic morphine treatment in the medial prefrontal cortex, and decreased in dorsal raphe nucleus one week later, two regions involved in emotional processing. These molecular adaptations could contribute to the development of emotional disorders experienced by former opiate addicts. (Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology) European Neuropsychopharmacology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5277129 Mon, 14 Mar 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5277129 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4808545&cid=s_35556_36_f&fid=35556&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanneuropsychopharmacology.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0924977X11000034%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Atypical antipsychotics are increasingly used for treatment of anxiety disorders, either in mono- or combination therapy. This is the first review reporting on the use of atypical antipsychotics in monotherapy or augmentation in patients with primary anxiety disorders or anxiety (disorders) comorbid to schizophrenia, bipolar disorder (BPD) and major depressive disorder (MDD). We included 49 open-label trials, 32 randomized, placebo-controlled trials (RCTpls) and five randomized controlled trials without placebo arm with almost 6000 patients (open-label: 1710, randomized: 4145). An increasing number of RCTpls show promising results in 27–71% of patients with primary or comorbid anxiety disorders who were treated with monotherapy atypical antipsychotics or augmentation therapy. H... European Neuropsychopharmacology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4808545 Wed, 23 Feb 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4808545 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4808549&cid=s_35556_36_f&fid=35556&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanneuropsychopharmacology.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0924977X10002488%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Neurokinin-3 receptors (NK3-R) are localized in brain regions which have been implicated in processes governing learning and memory as well as emotionality. The effects of acute subcutaneous (s.c.) senktide (0.2 and 0.4mg/kg), a NK3-R agonist, were tested in aged (23–25month old) Wistar rats: (a) in an episodic-like memory test, using an object discrimination task (this is the first study to test for deficits in episodic-like memory in aged rats, since appropriate tests have only recently became available); (b) on parameters of anxiety in an open field test, (c) on indices of depression in the forced swimming test and (d) on the activity of cholinergic neurons of the basal forebrain, using in vivo microdialysis and HPLC. Neither the saline-, nor senktide-treated aged animals, e... European Neuropsychopharmacology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4808549 Tue, 22 Feb 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4808549 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5433791&cid=s_35556_36_f&fid=35556&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanneuropsychopharmacology.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0924977X11000083%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes This study investigated the effects of acute olanzapine (1, 5mg/kg, s.c.) on extracellular NT-like immunoreactivity (−LI) concentrations in the ventral striatum (vSTR) and the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), and the effects of acute d-amphetamine (1.5mg/kg, s.c.) on extracellular NT-LI in these brain regions after a 30-day olanzapine (15mg/kg, p.o.) administration in rats. The effects of a 30-day olanzapine (3, 15mg/kg, p.o.) administration and d-amphetamine (1.5mg/kg, s.c.) coadministration during either the last day (acute) or the last 8days (chronic) on NT-LI tissue content in distinct rat brain regions were also studied. Acute olanzapine increased extracellular NT-LI, in both the vSTR and the mPFC. Chronic olanzapine increased and decreased basal extracellular NT-LI in the vSTR and ... European Neuropsychopharmacology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5433791 Mon, 14 Feb 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5433791 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5433790&cid=s_35556_36_f&fid=35556&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanneuropsychopharmacology.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0924977X11000071%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: The anxiolytic- and antidepressant-like effects of the neurokinin (NK) receptor antagonists have been shown in behavioral studies. According to the involvement of neurotrophin signaling in the mechanisms of action of psychotropic agents, we aimed to investigate whether the selective NK1, NK2, or NK3 receptor antagonists (GR-205171, SR48968, and SR142801, respectively) affect nerve growth factor (NGF) contents in the brain regions involved in the modulation of emotions. To gain a mechanistical insight into the process by which the NK antagonists regulate brain NGF levels, we evaluated the role of the cannabinoid system which is linked to depression and/or antidepressant effects and appears to interact with neurotrophin signaling. According to the results, single injection of the N... European Neuropsychopharmacology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5433790 Mon, 14 Feb 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5433790 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5277126&cid=s_35556_36_f&fid=35556&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanneuropsychopharmacology.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0924977X1100006X%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes This study is, to our knowledge, the first to assess the relationship between sensorimotor gating and self-presentational style in humans. Its findings suggest that very basic perceptual deficits that can be assessed using the PPI paradigm, may reflect information processing abnormalities that impact negatively upon the perception of complex social interactions. (Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology) European Neuropsychopharmacology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5277126 Mon, 14 Feb 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5277126 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4467477&cid=s_35556_36_f&fid=35556&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanneuropsychopharmacology.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0924977X11000150%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes (Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology) European Neuropsychopharmacology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4467477 Sat, 12 Feb 2011 20:43:26 +0100 4467477 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4467476&cid=s_35556_36_f&fid=35556&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanneuropsychopharmacology.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0924977X11000162%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes (Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology) European Neuropsychopharmacology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4467476 Sat, 12 Feb 2011 20:43:26 +0100 4467476 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4467475&cid=s_35556_36_f&fid=35556&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanneuropsychopharmacology.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0924977X11000137%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes (Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology) European Neuropsychopharmacology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4467475 Sat, 12 Feb 2011 20:43:26 +0100 4467475 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4467466&cid=s_35556_36_f&fid=35556&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanneuropsychopharmacology.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0924977X11000101%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes (Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology) European Neuropsychopharmacology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4467466 Sat, 12 Feb 2011 20:43:25 +0100 4467466 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5433789&cid=s_35556_36_f&fid=35556&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanneuropsychopharmacology.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0924977X11000058%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: The extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathway, which can be activated by NMDA receptor stimulation, is involved in fear conditioning and drug addiction. We have previously shown that withdrawal from chronic ethanol administration facilitated the formation of contextual fear memory. In order to explore the neural substrates and the potential mechanism involved in this effect, we examined: 1) the ERK1/2 activation in the central (CeA) and basolateral (BLA) nuclei of the amygdala and in the dorsal hippocampus (dHip), 2) the effect of the NMDA receptor antagonist MK-801 on fear conditioning and ERK activation and 3) the effect of the infusion of U0126, a MEK inhibitor, into the BLA on fear memory formation in ethanol withdrawn rats.Rats made dependent via an ethanol-contain... European Neuropsychopharmacology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5433789 Fri, 11 Feb 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5433789 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4948220&cid=s_35556_36_f&fid=35556&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanneuropsychopharmacology.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0924977X10002439%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes The objective of this study was to evaluate the association between executive function deficits (EFDs) and response to methylphenidate treatment in ADHD in adults. We conducted a 6-week, parallel design, randomized, placebo controlled study in adults with DSM-IV ADHD. Our psychometric index of executive function used standardized neuropsychological testing. We assessed behaviors reflective of EFDs using the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function — Adult Version (BRIEF-A). Subjects with available measures of executive functioning (OROS-MPH N=40; Placebo N=47) were included for analysis. There was no difference in the percent of subjects completing the 6-week acute efficacy Phase I of the trial (100% (N=40) vs. 98% (N=46), p=0.4). The mean daily dose at Phase I endpoint was 84.6±... European Neuropsychopharmacology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4948220 Wed, 09 Feb 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4948220 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5198871&cid=s_35556_36_f&fid=35556&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanneuropsychopharmacology.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0924977X11000046%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: The dystrobrevin binding protein-1 (DTNBP1) gene encodes dysbindin-1, a protein involved in neurodevelopmental and neurochemical processes related mainly to the monoamine dopamine. We investigated possible associations between eleven DTNBP1 polymorphisms and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) concentrations of the major dopamine metabolite homovanillic acid (HVA), the major serotonin metabolite 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA), and the major noradrenaline metabolite 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol (MHPG) in healthy human subjects (n=132). Two polymorphisms, rs2619538 and rs760666, were nominally associated with CSF HVA and 5-HIAA concentrations, whereas a third polymorphism, rs909706, showed association only with HVA. After correction for multiple testing only the associations between ... European Neuropsychopharmacology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5198871 Tue, 08 Feb 2011 00:00:00 +0100 5198871 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5277128&cid=s_35556_36_f&fid=35556&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanneuropsychopharmacology.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0924977X11000022%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Drug seeking, craving, and relapse can be triggered by environmental stimuli that acquire motivational salience through repeated associations with the drug's effects. Previous studies indicated that the dopamine D3 receptor (Drd3) might be involved in the expression of drug-conditioned responses in rats, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) could modulate Drd3 expression in the nucleus accumbens (NAc). However, the involvement of neural regions with Drd3 activation and the underlying interaction between BDNF and Drd3 in the expression of behavioral responses controlled by a drug-associated environment have remained poorly understood. The present study used a conditioning procedure to assess the roles of BDNF, Drd3, and their interactions in the NAc in the expression of mo... European Neuropsychopharmacology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5277128 Mon, 31 Jan 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5277128 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5198872&cid=s_35556_36_f&fid=35556&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanneuropsychopharmacology.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0924977X10002798%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes In conclusion, 1-(7-methoxy-2-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-isoquinolin-4-yl)-cyclohexanol, possess antidepressant-like activity in animal models of depression by modulating the neurotransmitter levels in the brain. Such an activity might be due to the modulating action of this novel molecule on trace amine receptors. Such a molecule may be the future drugs of choice for the treatment of major depression. (Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology) European Neuropsychopharmacology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5198872 Mon, 31 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 5198872 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4948222&cid=s_35556_36_f&fid=35556&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanneuropsychopharmacology.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0924977X10002804%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Agonists for neurotensin (NT)-1 receptors have produced antipsychotic-like effects in many animals, including reversal of prepulse inhibition deficits and psychostimulant-induced increases in spontaneous activity. The present study sought to provide a basic assessment of the putative antipsychotic effects of PD149163 in rats using a two way conditioned avoidance response task, which is highly validated for screening antipsychotic drugs, and an inclined grid assessment, which is used to assess extrapyramidal side effect liability. PD149163 (0.0625–8.0mg/kg) significantly suppressed conditioned avoidance responding (CAR) following administration of a 1.0 or 8.0mg/kg dose. PD149163 failed to significantly increase catalepsy scores. The typical antipsychotic drug haloperidol (0.01�... European Neuropsychopharmacology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4948222 Mon, 31 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4948222 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4808546&cid=s_35556_36_f&fid=35556&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanneuropsychopharmacology.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0924977X10002816%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Sodium oxybate (SMO) is a GABA-ergic drug currently used for the treatment of alcohol-dependence in some European countries. In particular, clinical studies have shown a role of SMO in promoting alcohol abstinence, as well as in relieving withdrawal symptoms. The aim of this study was to describe alcohol abstinence and the onset of craving for and abuse of SMO in alcohol-dependent subjects with and without psychiatric co-morbidity. Forty-eight patients were enrolled and classified into two groups: group A (20 alcoholics without any psychiatric co-morbidity) and group B (28 alcoholics with a psychiatric co-morbidity). All patients were treated with oral SMO (50mg/kg of body weight t.i.d.) for 12weeks. Alcohol abstinence as well as alcohol drinking during the 12weeks of treatment d... European Neuropsychopharmacology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4808546 Mon, 31 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4808546 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4408356&cid=s_35556_36_f&fid=35556&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanneuropsychopharmacology.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0924977X10002774%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes (Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology) European Neuropsychopharmacology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4408356 Fri, 28 Jan 2011 19:44:54 +0100 4408356 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4408355&cid=s_35556_36_f&fid=35556&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanneuropsychopharmacology.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0924977X10002786%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes (Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology) European Neuropsychopharmacology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4408355 Fri, 28 Jan 2011 19:44:54 +0100 4408355 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4408354&cid=s_35556_36_f&fid=35556&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanneuropsychopharmacology.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0924977X10002750%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes (Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology) European Neuropsychopharmacology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4408354 Fri, 28 Jan 2011 19:44:54 +0100 4408354 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4408343&cid=s_35556_36_f&fid=35556&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanneuropsychopharmacology.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0924977X10002725%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes (Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology) European Neuropsychopharmacology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4408343 Fri, 28 Jan 2011 19:44:52 +0100 4408343 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4948221&cid=s_35556_36_f&fid=35556&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanneuropsychopharmacology.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0924977X10002701%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Although functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) has gained increasing importance in investigating neural substrates of anxiety disorders, less is known about the stress eliciting properties of the scanner environment itself. The aim of the study was to investigate feasibility, self-reported distress and anxiety management strategies during an fMRI experiment in a comprehensive sample of patients with panic disorder and agoraphobia (PD/AG). Within the national research network PANIC-NET, n=89 patients and n=90 controls participated in a multicenter fMRI study. Subjects completed a retrospective questionnaire on self-reported distress, including a habituation profile and exploratory questions about helpful strategies. Drop-out rates and fMRI quality parameters were employed a... European Neuropsychopharmacology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4948221 Thu, 27 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4948221 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4700487&cid=s_35556_36_f&fid=35556&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanneuropsychopharmacology.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0924977X10002300%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Background: To evaluate the predictive validity of early response compared to other well-known predictor variables in acutely ill first-episode patients.Methods: 112 patients were treated with a mean dosage of 4.14mg (±1.70) haloperidol and 112 patients with a mean dosage of 4.17mg (±1.55) risperidone for a mean inpatient treatment duration of 42.92days (±16.85) within a double-blind, randomized controlled trial. Early response was defined as a ≥30% improvement in the PANSS total score by week 2, response as a ≥50% reduction in the PANSS total score from admission to discharge and remission according to the consensus criteria. Univariate tests and logistic regression models were applied to identify significant predictors of response and remission.Results: 52% of the patien... European Neuropsychopharmacology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4700487 Mon, 24 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4700487 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4948223&cid=s_35556_36_f&fid=35556&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanneuropsychopharmacology.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0924977X10002518%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Current approaches to dissect the molecular neurobiology of complex neuropsychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia and major depression have been rightly criticized for failing to provide benefits to patients. Improving the translational potential of our efforts will require the development and refinement of better disease models that consider a wide variety of contributing factors, such as genetic variation, gene-by-environment interactions, endophenotype or intermediate phenotype assessment, cross species analysis, sex differences, and developmental stages. During a targeted expert meeting of the European College of Neuropsychopharmacology (ECNP) in Istanbul, we addressed the opportunities and pitfalls of current translational animal models of psychiatric disorders and agreed... European Neuropsychopharmacology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4948223 Tue, 18 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4948223 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5002271&cid=s_35556_36_f&fid=35556&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanneuropsychopharmacology.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0924977X10002452%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Recent changes in legislation have stimulated a new wave of interest and activity in paediatric psychopharmacology. This increased activity has coincided with a recognition that pragmatic measures of outcome such as those that tap into impairment and health related quality of life (HRQOL) have the potential to add considerably to the traditional symptom based measures of outcome. There are however considerable methodological issues associated with these types of measure, and these are made more complex when they are applied in mental health and paediatric settings. There is a clear need for the continued development of valid and reliable measures of HRQOL and impairment that are fit for purpose for use in clinical trials. Other more specific issues that need to be considered, and... European Neuropsychopharmacology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5002271 Mon, 03 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 5002271 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4467472&cid=s_35556_36_f&fid=35556&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanneuropsychopharmacology.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0924977X10002476%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes This study suggests that IR expression and its signaling pathways in hippocampal CA1 and CA3 regions are involved in memory functions and STZ (ICV) induced memory deficit. Hippocampal IR system might be playing an important role in regulation of memory functions, however only IR/IRS-1/Akt pathway in CA3 region is associated with STZ induced memory deficit. (Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology) European Neuropsychopharmacology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4467472 Mon, 03 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4467472 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4467468&cid=s_35556_36_f&fid=35556&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanneuropsychopharmacology.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0924977X1000249X%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: The therapeutic value of β-adrenoceptor blockage, using propranolol, in the aftermath of traumatic experience is uncertain. A prospective, controlled animal model of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) was employed to assess the effects of propranolol on long-term behavioral responses to stress. Animals exposed to predator scent stress received a single bolus of propranolol (10 or 15mg/kg) or vehicle 1h post-exposure. Outcomes were assessed using the elevated plus-maze (EPM) and acoustic startle response (ASR) at 30days and freezing response to a trauma reminder (unsoiled litter) on Day 31. Individual animals were classified as having “extreme”, “partial” and “minimal” behavioral responses, according to pre-set cut-off criteria for EPM and ASR response patterns. The... European Neuropsychopharmacology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4467468 Mon, 03 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4467468 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4467467&cid=s_35556_36_f&fid=35556&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanneuropsychopharmacology.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0924977X10002506%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: The substance P-neurokinin-1 receptor (SP-NK1R) system has been extensively studied in experimental models of stress, fear, and reward. Elevated cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) SP levels were reported previously in combat-related PTSD. No medication specifically targeting this system has been tested in PTSD. This proof-of-concept randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial evaluated the selective NK1R antagonist GR205171 in predominately civilian PTSD. Following a 2-week placebo lead-in, 39 outpatients with chronic PTSD and a Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale (CAPS) score ≥50 were randomized to a fixed dose of GR205171 (N=20) or placebo (N=19) for 8weeks. The primary endpoint was mean change from baseline to endpoint in the total CAPS score. Response rate (≥50% reduction in ... European Neuropsychopharmacology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4467467 Mon, 03 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4467467 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4365887&cid=s_35556_36_f&fid=35556&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanneuropsychopharmacology.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0924977X10002634%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes (Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology) European Neuropsychopharmacology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4365887 Sat, 01 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4365887 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4365886&cid=s_35556_36_f&fid=35556&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanneuropsychopharmacology.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0924977X10002567%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes (Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology) European Neuropsychopharmacology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4365886 Sat, 01 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4365886 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4365885&cid=s_35556_36_f&fid=35556&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanneuropsychopharmacology.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0924977X10002580%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes (Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology) European Neuropsychopharmacology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4365885 Sat, 01 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4365885 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4365881&cid=s_35556_36_f&fid=35556&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanneuropsychopharmacology.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0924977X10001835%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Human gene association studies have produced conflicting findings regarding the relationship between the 5-HT transporter (5-HTT) and anxiety. In the present study genetically modified mice were utilised to examine the effects of changes in 5-HTT expression on anxiety. In addition, the influence of 5-HTT expression on two innate “species-typical” behaviours (burrowing and marble burying) and body weight was explored. Across a range of models, 5-HTT overexpressing mice displayed reduced anxiety-like behaviour whilst 5-HTT knockout mice showed increased anxiety-like behaviour, compared to wildtype controls. In tests of species-typical behaviour 5-HTT overexpressing mice showed some facilitation whilst 5-HTT knockout mice were impaired. Reciprocal effects were also seen on body ... European Neuropsychopharmacology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4365881 Sat, 01 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4365881 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4365870&cid=s_35556_36_f&fid=35556&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanneuropsychopharmacology.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0924977X10002531%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes (Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology) European Neuropsychopharmacology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4365870 Sat, 01 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4365870 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4467473&cid=s_35556_36_f&fid=35556&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanneuropsychopharmacology.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0924977X10002440%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Hyperactivity in anorexia nervosa (AN) is associated with low plasma leptin levels and negatively impacts on disease outcome. Using an animal model that mimics features of AN including food-restriction induced hyperlocomotion, we demonstrate that central leptin injections in the lateral ventricle and local injections of leptin into the ventral tegmental area (VTA) suppress running wheel activity. The results support that falling levels of leptin, that accompany caloric restriction, result in increased activity levels because of decreased leptin signaling in the VTA, part of the mesolimbic reward system. (Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology) European Neuropsychopharmacology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4467473 Wed, 29 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4467473 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4948224&cid=s_35556_36_f&fid=35556&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanneuropsychopharmacology.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0924977X10002415%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Although most available antidepressants increase monoaminergic neurotransmission, their therapeutic efficacy is likely mediated by longer-term molecular adaptations. To investigate the molecular changes induced by chronic antidepressant treatment we analysed proteomic changes in rat pre-frontal/frontal cortex and hippocampus after nortriptyline (NT) administration. A wide-scale analysis of protein expression was performed on the Flinders Sensitive Line (FSL), a genetically-selected rat model of depression, and the control Flinders Resistant Line (FRL). The effect of NT treatment was examined in a gene–environment interaction model, applying maternal separation (MS) to both strains.In the forced swim test, FSL rats were significantly more immobile than FRL animals, whereas NT tr... European Neuropsychopharmacology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4948224 Mon, 20 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4948224 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4467469&cid=s_35556_36_f&fid=35556&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanneuropsychopharmacology.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0924977X10002427%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Knowledge on mechanisms involved in early prediction of response to antidepressant medication may help optimize clinical decision making. Recent studies regarding response to pharmacotherapy implicate resilience-like mechanisms and involvement of positive, rather than negative emotions. The aim of the current study is to examine the contribution of early change in positive affect to the prediction of response to pharmacotherapy. Positive and negative emotions were measured at baseline and during the first week of pharmacotherapy, using experience sampling techniques. The association between early change in positive and negative emotions and severity of depressive symptoms at week six was examined in a sample of 49 depressed patients. The added benefits of measuring early change i... European Neuropsychopharmacology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4467469 Mon, 13 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4467469 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4408350&cid=s_35556_36_f&fid=35556&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanneuropsychopharmacology.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0924977X10002403%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is the most commonly diagnosed psychiatric disorder in children. Psychostimulants such as methylphenidate (MPH) are used as first line treatment. The prefrontal cortex (PFC) has a proven role in the expression of ADHD. Previous studies from our laboratory have demonstrated that MPH activates the firing activity of medial PFC neurones in anaesthetised rats. The aim of the present study was to determine the respective contribution and location of the different types of catecholamine receptors in mediating these excitatory effects and to compare these effects with those induced by other selective dopamine or noradrenaline uptake blockers.Single unit activity of presumed pyramidal PFC neurones was recorded in rats anaesthetised with ure... European Neuropsychopharmacology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4408350 Mon, 13 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4408350 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4365871&cid=s_35556_36_f&fid=35556&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanneuropsychopharmacology.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0924977X10002464%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes This special issue of European Neuropsychopharmacology is devoted to papers from NewMood (New Molecules for Mood Disorders), a 5year European Union Integrated Programme (www.newmood.co.uk). NewMood brought together 13 clinical and basic science groups in 10 EU countries to address the major unmet need of improving the understanding of depression, the drug treatment of which remains only partially effective and reliant on neurochemical actions discovered 50years ago. Using a highly translational animal–human approach, the strategy has been to identify new depressive endophenotypes at the cognitive–behavioural, neural systems and molecular level that are the shared outcome of various interacting environmental and genetic risk mechanisms, in order to identify new candidate biomarkers of i... European Neuropsychopharmacology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4365871 Mon, 13 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4365871 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4408353&cid=s_35556_36_f&fid=35556&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanneuropsychopharmacology.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0924977X10002397%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Working memory (WM) is fractionated into systems for visuospatial and phonological information. Recently, it has been shown that the dopamine d2 receptor gene DRD2 and CHRNA4, the gene coding for the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor's alpha4 subunit, interact epistatically on visuospatial WM capacity. In the present study, we show a similar interaction on phonological WM capacity in N=137 healthy subjects genotyped for two single nucleotide polymorphisms (DRD2 rs6277 and CHRNA4 rs1044396). Given the functional independence of the two systems we hypothesize that the genetic interaction targets the central executive which is the common control process for both systems. (Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology) European Neuropsychopharmacology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4408353 Mon, 06 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4408353 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4408351&cid=s_35556_36_f&fid=35556&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanneuropsychopharmacology.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0924977X10002385%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Imaging studies in drug-dependent subjects show reduced striatal dopamine D2/3 receptor (DRD2/3) availability, and it is hypothesized that increasing DRD2/3 availability is a promising strategy to treat drug dependence. We recently showed that rats treated for two weeks with 2mg/kg/day varenicline (a partial agonist at α4β2 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors) showed higher striatal DRD2/3 availability compared to control rats. The present study examined the effects of lower varenicline doses as well as the duration of the effect after treatment discontinuation. DRD2/3 availability in striatal areas was studied in 80 rats following two-week treatment with 0.5, 1 or 2mg/kg/day varenicline or vehicle and survival of the effects of varenicline on DRD2/3 availability up to 2weeks aft... European Neuropsychopharmacology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4408351 Mon, 06 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4408351 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4467471&cid=s_35556_36_f&fid=35556&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanneuropsychopharmacology.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0924977X10002348%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Images of brain metabolism and measurements of activities of components of the electron transport chain support earlier studies that suggest that brain glucose oxidation is inherently abnormal in a significant proportion of persons with schizophrenia. Therefore, we measured the activities of enzymes of the tricarboxylic (TCA) cycle in dorsolateral–prefrontal–cortex from schizophrenia patients (N=13) and non-psychiatric disease controls (N=13): the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDHC), citrate synthase (CS), aconitase, isocitrate dehydrogenase (ICDH), the alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex (KGDHC), succinate thiokinase (STH), succinate dehydrogenase (SDH), fumarase and malate dehydrogenase (MDH). Activities of aconitase (18.4%, p (Source: European Neuropsychopharmacolo... European Neuropsychopharmacology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4467471 Wed, 01 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4467471 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4467474&cid=s_35556_36_f&fid=35556&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanneuropsychopharmacology.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0924977X1000235X%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Different pharmacologic agents have been evaluated in the treatment of Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS), albeit with moderate efficacy. Among the compounds thought to present with potential to be efficacious in CFS patients stands out low-dose amisulpride, a substituted benzamide that has been shown to be an useful treatment for conditions which exhibit some overlap with CFS such as dysthymia and somatoform disorders. We thus recruited forty non-depressed CFS patients that were randomized to receive either amisulpride 25mg bid, or fluoxetine 20mg uid; all subjects were un-blinded to the treatment regimen. At the time of enrollment in the study and after twelve weeks of treatment, enrolled subjects completed the Krupp Fatigue Severity Scale, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale... European Neuropsychopharmacology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4467474 Mon, 29 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4467474 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4467470&cid=s_35556_36_f&fid=35556&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanneuropsychopharmacology.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0924977X10002373%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: A well established theory proposes that glutamate signalling via the NMDA receptor is compromised in patients with schizophrenia. Deficits related to NMDA receptor signalling can be observed in several brain regions including the prefrontal cortex (PFC), an area extensively linked to the cognitive dysfunction in this disease and notably affected by NMDA receptor antagonists such as phencyclidine (PCP). In addition, a number of studies suggest that normalizing of PFC function could constitute a treatment rationale for schizophrenia. To further study the role of PFC function we investigated the effect of local PFC NMDA receptor blockade on impaired prepulse inhibition (PPI) induced by systemic administration of PCP. Mice received prefrontal injections of PCP (0.01, 0.1 or 1mM) befo... European Neuropsychopharmacology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4467470 Fri, 26 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4467470 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4408344&cid=s_35556_36_f&fid=35556&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanneuropsychopharmacology.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0924977X10002361%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes The aging of the population demands attention to the costs involved in the care of the elderly, including those imposed by chronic diseases. Neurodegenerative disorders take a substantial portion of these costs. Healthcare systems around the world struggle with this problem and different countries vary in the way these costs are shared by authorities, health providers, insurers, patients and carers. The economic burden on patients and carers only adds up to the enormous emotional burden of their disease. (Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology) European Neuropsychopharmacology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4408344 Thu, 25 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4408344 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4585720&cid=s_35556_36_f&fid=35556&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanneuropsychopharmacology.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0924977X10002166%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes In conclusion, neither winter birth nor MTHFR genotype were significantly associated with increased schizophrenia risk. There was no evidence for interaction between MTHFR 677TT genotype and winter birth in the development of schizophrenia. (Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology) European Neuropsychopharmacology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4585720 Mon, 22 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4585720 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4365882&cid=s_35556_36_f&fid=35556&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanneuropsychopharmacology.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0924977X10002336%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Variation in the human serotonin transporter gene (hSERT; 5-HTT) resulting in a life-long alteration in SERT function influences anxiety and the risk of developing affective disorders. The mechanisms underlying the influence of the hSERT gene on these phenotypes remain unclear but may involve altered 5-HT receptor function. Here we characterise the cerebral metabolic response to 5-HT2A/C receptor activation in two transgenic mouse models of altered SERT function, SERT knock-out (SERT KO) and hSERT over-expressing (hSERT OE) mice, to test the hypothesis that genetically mediated variability in SERT expression alters 5-HT2A/C function. We found that a constitutive increase in SERT expression (hSERT OE) enhanced, whereas a constitutive decrease in SERT expression (SERT KO) attenuate... European Neuropsychopharmacology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4365882 Fri, 19 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4365882 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4948219&cid=s_35556_36_f&fid=35556&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanneuropsychopharmacology.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0924977X10002324%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes In conclusion, selective publication and reporting lead to an overestimation of efficacy and underestimation of safety of insomnia products. Authors of treatment guidelines should be aware of this bias. EPARs/FDA reviews provide a more unbiased view of the benefit–risk balance of insomnia and other medications and hence these documents should be consulted by e.g. authors of meta-analyses and of treatment guidelines. (Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology) European Neuropsychopharmacology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4948219 Wed, 17 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4948219 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4365875&cid=s_35556_36_f&fid=35556&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanneuropsychopharmacology.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0924977X10002312%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Transcriptome analyses were performed in the anterior raphe area of mutant mice deficient in the serotonin transporter (5-HTT KO) or overexpressing this protein (5-HTT TG), which exhibit opposite changes in anxiety-related behavior. Among genes with altered expression, the gene encoding the neuropeptide urocortin 1 was down-regulated in 5-HTT KO and up-regulated in 5-HTT TG mice. Expression of the gene encoding cocaine-and-amphetamine-related-peptide, which colocalizes with urocortin 1, was also increased in 5-HTT TG mutants. Real-time RT-PCR confirmed these data and immunoautoradiographic labeling showed that parallel changes in neuropeptide levels were confined to the non-preganglionic Edinger–Westphal nucleus. Thus, 5-HTT expression correlates with that of urocortin 1, sugge... European Neuropsychopharmacology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4365875 Mon, 15 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4365875 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4700492&cid=s_35556_36_f&fid=35556&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanneuropsychopharmacology.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0924977X1000163X%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Social isolation of rats immediately after weaning is thought to represent an animal model of anxiety-like disorders. This mildly stressful condition reduces the cerebrocortical and plasma concentrations of 3α-hydroxy-5α-pregnan-20-one (3α,5α-TH PROG) as well as increases the sensitivity of rats to the effects of acute ethanol administration on the concentrations of this neuroactive steroid. We further investigated the effects of voluntary consumption of ethanol at concentrations increasing from 2.5 to 10% over 4weeks of isolation. Isolated rats showed a reduced ethanol preference compared with group-housed animals. Ethanol consumption did not affect the isolation-induced down-regulation of BDNF or Arc, but it attenuated the increase in the cerebrocortical concentration of 3�... European Neuropsychopharmacology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4700492 Thu, 11 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4700492 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4700486&cid=s_35556_36_f&fid=35556&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanneuropsychopharmacology.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0924977X10002294%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Discussion: Taking into account the proper caution in the use of Ads in bipolar disorder, there is a subgroup of bipolar patients who might benefit from adjunctive Ads. Looking at specific clinical factors during the course of the illness could help physicians in deciding whether to use an antidepressant in a bipolar depressed patient already treated with mood stabilizers. (Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology) European Neuropsychopharmacology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4700486 Tue, 09 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4700486 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4408352&cid=s_35556_36_f&fid=35556&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanneuropsychopharmacology.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0924977X10002142%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes This study examined the role of forebrain n-methyl-d-aspartate receptors (NMDA-Rs) in the promnesiant effects of natural (+) pregnenolone sulfate (PREGS) and its synthetic (−) enantiomer ent-PREGS in young adult mice. Using the two-trial arm discrimination task in a Y-maze, PREGS and ent-PREGS administration to control mice increased memory performances. In mice with a knock-out of the NR1 subunit of NMDA-Rs in the forebrain, the promnesiant effect of ent-PREGS was maintained whereas the activity of PREGS was lost. Memory enhancement by PREGS involves the NMDA-R activity in the hippocampal CA1 area and possibly in some locations of the cortical layers, whereas ent-PREGS acts independently of NMDA-R function. (Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology) European Neuropsychopharmacology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4408352 Mon, 01 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4408352 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4365872&cid=s_35556_36_f&fid=35556&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanneuropsychopharmacology.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0924977X10002154%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes This study aimed to identify whether genetic manipulation of four systems implicated in the pathogenesis of depression converge on shared molecular processes underpinning depression-like behaviour in mice. Altered 5HT function was modelled using the 5-HT transporter knock out mouse, impaired glucocorticoid receptor (GR) function using an antisense-induced knock down mouse, disrupted glutamate function using a heterozygous KO of the vesicular glutamate transporter 1 gene, and impaired cannabinoid signalling using the cannabinoid 1 receptor KO mouse. All 4 four genetically modified mice were previously shown to show exaggerated helpless behaviour compared to wild-type controls and variable degrees of anxiety and anhedonic behaviour. mRNA was extracted from frontal cortex and hybridised to Il... European Neuropsychopharmacology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4365872 Fri, 29 Oct 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4365872 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4102891&cid=s_35556_36_f&fid=35556&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanneuropsychopharmacology.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0924977X10002233%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes (Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology) European Neuropsychopharmacology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4102891 Tue, 26 Oct 2010 06:12:00 +0100 4102891 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4102890&cid=s_35556_36_f&fid=35556&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanneuropsychopharmacology.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0924977X10002245%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes (Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology) European Neuropsychopharmacology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4102890 Tue, 26 Oct 2010 06:12:00 +0100 4102890 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4102889&cid=s_35556_36_f&fid=35556&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanneuropsychopharmacology.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0924977X1000221X%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes (Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology) European Neuropsychopharmacology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4102889 Tue, 26 Oct 2010 06:12:00 +0100 4102889 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4102883&cid=s_35556_36_f&fid=35556&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanneuropsychopharmacology.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0924977X10001860%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Cerebral grey matter volume reductions are progressive in schizophrenia, with larger grey matter volume decreases associated with cannabis use. It is unknown whether this grey matter loss is globally distributed over the entire brain or more pronounced in specific cortical brain regions. Fifty-one patients with recent-onset schizophrenia and 31 matched healthy subjects were included. For all subjects, magnetic resonance imaging scans were obtained at inclusion and at 5-year follow-up. Nineteen patients (ab-)used cannabis but no other illicit drugs; 32 patients and the healthy comparison subjects did not use any drugs during the 5-year follow-up. At follow-up, clinical outcome was measured. To evaluate the local differences in cortical thickness change over five years between the ... European Neuropsychopharmacology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4102883 Tue, 26 Oct 2010 06:11:57 +0100 4102883 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4102879&cid=s_35556_36_f&fid=35556&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanneuropsychopharmacology.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0924977X1000218X%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes (Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology) European Neuropsychopharmacology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4102879 Tue, 26 Oct 2010 06:11:55 +0100 4102879 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4585718&cid=s_35556_36_f&fid=35556&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanneuropsychopharmacology.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0924977X10001690%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes In conclusion, functional recovery occurred in approximately half of those who achieved remission. Impairment of work and social functioning was consistently associated with lower remission and recovery rates. (Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology) European Neuropsychopharmacology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4585718 Thu, 21 Oct 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4585718 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4408348&cid=s_35556_36_f&fid=35556&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanneuropsychopharmacology.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0924977X10001902%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Adaptive design is regarded as an efficient method for clinical trials in order to increase the success rate of a new drug in development, and recently has been actively discussed among regulatory agencies, industry and academia. Since adaptive design involves interim analyses and is more complex than traditional fixed design, some points such as possibility of introducing statistical and operational bias should be considered when planning and implementing such trials. In this article, we share our perspectives in the consideration of adaptive design clinical trials based on our experiences discussing adaptive design in clinical trial consultation meetings in Japan. (Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology) European Neuropsychopharmacology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4408348 Thu, 21 Oct 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4408348 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4365876&cid=s_35556_36_f&fid=35556&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanneuropsychopharmacology.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0924977X10001823%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: There is increasing evidence that mood disorders may derive from the impact of environmental pressure on genetically susceptible individuals. Stress-induced hippocampal plasticity has been implicated in depression. We studied hippocampal transcriptomes in strains of mice that display high (HA) and low (LA) swim stress-induced analgesia and that differ in emotional behaviors and responses to different classes of antidepressants. Chronic mild stress (CMS) affected expression of a number of genes common for both strains. CMS also produced strain specific changes in expression suggesting that hippocampal responses to stress depend on genotype. Considerably larger number of genes, biological processes, molecular functions, biochemical pathways, and gene networks were affected by CMS i... European Neuropsychopharmacology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4365876 Thu, 21 Oct 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4365876 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4808548&cid=s_35556_36_f&fid=35556&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanneuropsychopharmacology.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0924977X1000194X%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Social isolation rearing (SIR) in rats induces behavioral and glutamatergic changes akin to schizophrenia. We studied the effects of 8weeks SIR on cortico-striatal redox and social and cognitive behaviors in rats. SIR increased superoxide dismutase activity, decreased oxidized:reduced glutathione ratio and increased lipid peroxidation in both brain regions, and induced deficits in prepulse inhibition and social and self-directed interactive behaviors. Both behavioral and cortico-striatal redox disturbances were corrected by clozapine (5mg/kg/day×11days). Behavioral changes evoked by SIR are associated with cortico-striatal oxidative stress that is reversed by clozapine treatment, providing novel insight into the neurobiology and treatment of schizophrenia. (Source: European Neur... European Neuropsychopharmacology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4808548 Wed, 20 Oct 2010 23:00:00 +0100 4808548 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4408347&cid=s_35556_36_f&fid=35556&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanneuropsychopharmacology.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0924977X10001938%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Adaptive clinical trial designs offer significant opportunities to optimize the conduct of clinical trials for the benefit of the subjects in the trial, the subjects that may be treated after the trial and the trial sponsor. However currently, the use of adaptive designs is limited, due to statistical, regulatory and logistical concerns. In this article we share our experience of overcoming the last of these over a range of phase 2, response adaptive, dose finding studies. Based on our experience we feel quite strongly that the logistics of executing adaptive trials should not be a barrier to their use. (Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology) European Neuropsychopharmacology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4408347 Fri, 15 Oct 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4408347 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4365877&cid=s_35556_36_f&fid=35556&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanneuropsychopharmacology.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0924977X10002130%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: G protein-activated K+ channel 2 (GIRK2) and cAMP-response element binding protein (CREB1) are involved in synaptic plasticity and their genes have been implicated depression and memory processing. Excessive rumination is a core cognitive feature of depression which is also present in remission. High scores on the Ruminative Response Scale (RRS) questionnaire are predictive of relapse and recurrence. Since rumination involves memory, we tested the hypothesis that variation in the genes encoding GIRK2 (KCNJ6) and CREB1 mechanisms would influence RRS scores. GIRK2 and CREB1 polymorphisms were studied in two independent samples (n=651 and n=1174) from the general population. Strongly significant interaction between the TT genotype of rs2070995 (located in KCNJ6) and the GG genotype ... European Neuropsychopharmacology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4365877 Wed, 13 Oct 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4365877 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4808547&cid=s_35556_36_f&fid=35556&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanneuropsychopharmacology.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0924977X10002129%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Dysfunction of GABAergic transmission related to abnormal expression of GABAA receptor subunits in specific brain regions underlies some pathological anxiety states. Besides involvement of the benzodiazepine recognition site of GABAA receptor in the expression of anxiety-like behaviour, the roles of the β2/β3 subunits are not well characterized. To address this issue, the experimental design of this study utilized the GABAergic compound etifoxine (with a preferential effectiveness after binding to a specific site at β2/β3 subunits) tested in two inbred mouse strains: BALB/cByJ and C57BL/6J mice using three behavioural paradigms (light/dark box, elevated plus maze and restraint stress-induced small intestinal transit inhibition) and the t-butylbicyclophosphorothionate-induced ... European Neuropsychopharmacology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4808547 Tue, 12 Oct 2010 23:00:00 +0100 4808547 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4700488&cid=s_35556_36_f&fid=35556&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanneuropsychopharmacology.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0924977X10001951%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Acute tryptophan depletion (ATD) in currently depressed patients has no immediate effect on symptoms, but leads to transient symptom improvement or worsening the next day. In view of recent findings concerning the cognitive effects of serotonin manipulations, we used ATD in fourteen depressed patients to investigate whether cognitive effects following ATD predict symptom changes. We found that symptom improvement 24h after ATD was associated with an improved recall of positive words and with less attentional bias and recall of negative words, 5h after ATD. These results indicate that serotonergic alterations affect emotional processing which may subsequently lead to symptom changes. (Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology) European Neuropsychopharmacology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4700488 Tue, 12 Oct 2010 23:00:00 +0100 4700488 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4365874&cid=s_35556_36_f&fid=35556&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanneuropsychopharmacology.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0924977X10001434%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Major depression might originate from both environmental and genetic risk factors. The environmental chronic mild stress (CMS) model mimics some environmental factors contributing to human depression and induces anhedonia and helplessness. Mice heterozygous for the synaptic vesicle protein (SVP) vesicular glutamate transporter 1 (VGLUT1) have been proposed as a genetic model of deficient glutamate function linked to depressive-like behaviour. Here, we aimed to identify, in these two experimental models, gene expression changes in the frontal cortex, common to stress and impaired glutamate function.Both VGLUT1+/− and CMS mice showed helpless and anhedonic-like behavior. Microarray studies in VGLUT1+/− mice revealed regulation of genes involved in apoptosis, neurogenesis, synap... European Neuropsychopharmacology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4365874 Mon, 11 Oct 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4365874 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4408346&cid=s_35556_36_f&fid=35556&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanneuropsychopharmacology.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0924977X10001914%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: In central nervous system therapeutic areas, there are general concerns with establishing efficacy thought to be sources of high attrition rate in drug development. For instance, efficacy endpoints are often subjective and highly variable. There is a lack of robust or operational biomarkers to substitute for soft endpoints. In addition, animal models are generally poor, unreliable or unpredictive. To increase the probability of success in central nervous system drug development program, adaptive design has been considered as an alternative designs that provides flexibility to the conventional fixed designs and has been viewed to have the potential to improve the efficiency in drug development processes. In addition, successful implementation of an adaptive design trial relies on ... European Neuropsychopharmacology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4408346 Fri, 08 Oct 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4408346 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4102880&cid=s_35556_36_f&fid=35556&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanneuropsychopharmacology.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0924977X10001896%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: The incidence of suicide attempts (fatal and non-fatal) was analysed in a prospective cohort of patients with schizophrenia randomly assigned to sertindole (4905 patients) or risperidone (4904 patients) in a parallel-group open-label study with blinded classification of outcomes (the sertindole cohort prospective study — SCoP). The total exposure was 6978 and 7975 patient-years in the sertindole and risperidone groups, respectively. Suicide mortality in the study was low (0.21 and 0.28 per 100 patients per year with sertindole and risperidone, respectively). The majority (84%) of suicide attempts occurred within the first year of treatment. Cox's proportional hazards model analysis of the time to the first suicide attempt, reported by treating psychiatrists and blindly reviewed... European Neuropsychopharmacology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4102880 Tue, 05 Oct 2010 23:00:00 +0100 4102880 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4408349&cid=s_35556_36_f&fid=35556&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanneuropsychopharmacology.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0924977X10001707%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: We investigated the costs of Parkinson's Disease (PD) in 486 patients based on a survey conducted in six countries. Economic data were collected over a 6-month period and presented from the societal perspective. The total mean costs per patient ranged from EUR 2620 to EUR 9820. Direct costs totalled about 60% to 70% and indirect costs about 30% to 40% of total costs. The proportions of costs components of PD vary notably; variations were due to differences in country-specific health system characteristics, macro economic conditions, as well as frequencies of resource use and price differences. However, inpatient care, long-term care and medication were identified as the major expenditures in the investigated countries. (Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology) European Neuropsychopharmacology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4408349 Mon, 04 Oct 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4408349 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4408345&cid=s_35556_36_f&fid=35556&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanneuropsychopharmacology.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0924977X10001926%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Adaptive designs learn from accumulating trial data in real time and apply this knowledge to optimize subsequent study execution. A set of design rules define a priori which modifications may be incorporated into the trial design. Judicious use of adaptive designs may increase the information value per resource unit invested by avoiding allocation of patients to non-efficacious/unsafe therapies and allowing stopping decisions to be made at the earliest possible time point. Ultimately this may accelerate the development of promising therapies. (Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology) European Neuropsychopharmacology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4408345 Mon, 04 Oct 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4408345