MedWorm.com provides a medical RSS filtering service. Over 6000 RSS medical sources are combined and output via different filters. This feed contains the latest items from the 'Eurosurveillance latest news' source. Sun, 21 Mar 2010 15:15:57 +0100 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3380635&cid=s_33117_20_f&fid=33117&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosurveillance.org%2FViewArticle.aspx%3FArticleId%3D19516 (Source: Eurosurveillance latest news) Eurosurveillance latest news journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3380635 Thu, 18 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3380635 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3380634&cid=s_33117_20_f&fid=33117&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosurveillance.org%2FViewArticle.aspx%3FArticleId%3D19517 (Source: Eurosurveillance latest news) Eurosurveillance latest news journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3380634 Thu, 18 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3380634 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3380633&cid=s_33117_20_f&fid=33117&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosurveillance.org%2FViewArticle.aspx%3FArticleId%3D19515 (Source: Eurosurveillance latest news) Eurosurveillance latest news journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3380633 Thu, 18 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3380633 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3380632&cid=s_33117_20_f&fid=33117&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosurveillance.org%2FViewArticle.aspx%3FArticleId%3D19510 This study included all students and staff (n=1,065) at an inner city secondary school in Birmingham, United Kingdom (UK). Being in the same school year as the index case resulted in a significantly higher risk of being diagnosed with active TB (odds ratio (OR) 6.11) and either active or latent TB (OR 10.52) compared to the risk for pupils in other school years. Neither lower level classroom exposure in tutoring groups nor being a staff member resulted in significantly increased risk of infection. The number of cases detected in the school was significantly higher than compared with the TB notification rate for the respective age groups in the population in the area. This study is consistent with the small body of evidence that already exists suggesting that greater levels of classroom... Eurosurveillance latest news journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3380632 Thu, 18 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3380632 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3380631&cid=s_33117_20_f&fid=33117&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosurveillance.org%2FViewArticle.aspx%3FArticleId%3D19514 An analysis of surveillance data was performed to assess treatment outcomes of patients belonging to selected calendar year cohorts. Twenty-two countries in the European Union (EU) and European Economic Area (EEA) reported treatment outcome monitoring data for culture-confirmed pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) cases reported in 2007. The overall treatment success rate was 73.8% for all culture-confirmed pulmonary cases and 79.5% for new culture-confirmed pulmonary cases. For the cohort of new culture-confirmed TB cases, only three countries achieved the target of 85% success rate. This underachievement appears to be a result of relative high defaulting and unknown outcome information. Case fatality remains high particularly among cases of national origin. This factor appears attributable to adv... Eurosurveillance latest news journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3380631 Thu, 18 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3380631 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3380630&cid=s_33117_20_f&fid=33117&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosurveillance.org%2FViewArticle.aspx%3FArticleId%3D19518 This paper describes the results of second-line drug (SLD) susceptibility tests among multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR TB) cases reported in 20 European countries aiming to identify extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (XDR TB) cases. A project on molecular surveillance of MDR TB cases was conducted by EuroTB and the National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM) from 2005 to 2007. Information on drug susceptibility testing (DST) was provided to this project and case-based data on MDR TB cases were reported on a quarterly basis by 20 countries of the World Health Organization's European Region, including 15 European Union Member States. Data included SLD susceptibility test results, enabling a retrospective description of XDR TB cases notified between 2003 and 2007... Eurosurveillance latest news journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3380630 Thu, 18 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3380630 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3380629&cid=s_33117_20_f&fid=33117&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosurveillance.org%2FViewArticle.aspx%3FArticleId%3D19511 A cluster of 14 cases of Salmonella Urbana cases in Finland, the Czech Republic and Latvia were identified in January-February, 2010. The majority of cases (11) were male and children under 16 years of age. The investigation is currently ongoing and comparison of pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) profiles of the isolates suggests that the cases may have a common source of infection. (Source: Eurosurveillance latest news) Eurosurveillance latest news journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3380629 Thu, 18 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3380629 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3380628&cid=s_33117_20_f&fid=33117&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosurveillance.org%2FViewArticle.aspx%3FArticleId%3D19512 As of 1 March 2010, a total of 11 primary cases with onset of symptoms between 31 December 2009 and 10 February 2010, have been identified with identical hepatitis A genotype IB strains in the Netherlands. A relation with Australian and French foodborne outbreaks occurring in 2009 and 2010 is suspected. Ten of the 11 primary cases indicated that they had consumed one or more products containing semi-dried tomatoes during their incubation period. (Source: Eurosurveillance latest news) Eurosurveillance latest news journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3380628 Thu, 18 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3380628 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3380627&cid=s_33117_20_f&fid=33117&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosurveillance.org%2FViewArticle.aspx%3FArticleId%3D19519 Since 2008, the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control has been collecting data from the European Union (EU) and European Economic Area (EEA) on resistance to first- and second-line drugs against tuberculosis (TB). In 2008, the proportion of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR TB) was 6.0% of the total case load for 25 countries reporting data. Extensively drug-resistant (XDR TB) reporting has increased since 2007 and was observed in 7.3% of the MDR TB cases in 13 reporting countries. MDR TB remains a threat and XDR TB is now established within the EU/EEA borders. (Source: Eurosurveillance latest news) Eurosurveillance latest news journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3380627 Thu, 18 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3380627 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3380626&cid=s_33117_20_f&fid=33117&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosurveillance.org%2FViewArticle.aspx%3FArticleId%3D19513 (Source: Eurosurveillance latest news) Eurosurveillance latest news journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3380626 Thu, 18 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3380626 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3356175&cid=s_33117_20_f&fid=33117&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosurveillance.org%2FViewArticle.aspx%3FArticleId%3D19504 During the last decade Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) emerged and/or re-emerged in several Balkan countries, Turkey, southwestern regions of the Russian Federation, and the Ukraine, with considerable high fatality rates. Reasons for re-emergence of CCHF include climate and anthropogenic factors such as changes in land use, agricultural practices or hunting activities, movement of livestock that may influence host-tick-virus dynamics. In order to be able to design prevention and control measures targeted at the disease, mapping of endemic areas and risk assessment for CCHF in Europe should be completed. Furthermore, areas at risk for further CCHF expansion should be identified and human, vector and animal surveillance be strengthened. (Source: Eurosurveillance latest news) Eurosurveillance latest news journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3356175 Thu, 11 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3356175 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3356174&cid=s_33117_20_f&fid=33117&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosurveillance.org%2FViewArticle.aspx%3FArticleId%3D19507 Phlebotomine sandflies are known to transmit leishmaniases, bacteria and viruses that affect humans and animals in many countries worldwide. These sandfly-borne viruses are mainly the Phlebovirus, the Vesiculovirus and the Orbivirus. Some of these viruses are associated with outbreaks or human cases in the Mediterranean Europe. In this paper, the viruses transmitted by Phlebotomine sandflies in Europe (Toscana virus, Sicilian virus, sandfly fever Naples virus) are reviewed and their medical importance, geographical distribution, epidemiology and potential spreading discussed. Data on vertebrate reservoirs is sparse for sandfly fever viruses. The factor currently known to limit the spread of diseases is mainly the distribution areas of potential vectors. The distribution areas of the diseas... Eurosurveillance latest news journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3356174 Thu, 11 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3356174 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3356173&cid=s_33117_20_f&fid=33117&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosurveillance.org%2FViewArticle.aspx%3FArticleId%3D19505 is reviewed, based on a search of literature up to and including 2009. Topics covered are the disease, its relevance, transmission and epidemiology, diagnostic methods, treatment, prevention, current geographical distribution, potential factors triggering changes in distribution, and risk prediction. Potential factors triggering distribution changes include vectorial competence, importation or dispersal of vectors and reservoir hosts, travel, and climatic/environmental change. The risk of introducing leishmaniasis into the European Union (EU) and its spread among Member States was assessed for the short (2-3 years) and long term (15-20 years). There is only a low risk of introducing exotic Leishmania species because of the absence of proven vectors and/or reservoir hosts. The main threat ... Eurosurveillance latest news journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3356173 Thu, 11 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3356173 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3356172&cid=s_33117_20_f&fid=33117&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosurveillance.org%2FViewArticle.aspx%3FArticleId%3D19506 Rift Valley fever (RVF) is a severe mosquito-borne disease affecting humans and domestic ruminants, caused by a Phlebovirus (Bunyaviridae). It is widespread in Africa and has recently spread to Yemen and Saudi Arabia. RVF epidemics are more and more frequent in Africa and the Middle East, probably in relation with climatic changes (episodes of heavy rainfall in eastern and southern Africa), as well as intensified livestock trade. The probability of introduction and large-scale spread of RVF in Europe is very low, but localized RVF outbreaks may occur in humid areas with a large population of ruminants. Should this happen, human cases would probably occur in exposed individuals: farmers, veterinarians, slaughterhouse employees etc. Surveillance and diagnostic methods are available, but cont... Eurosurveillance latest news journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3356172 Thu, 11 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3356172 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3356171&cid=s_33117_20_f&fid=33117&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosurveillance.org%2FViewArticle.aspx%3FArticleId%3D19509 The introduction and rapidly expanding range of Aedes albopictus in Europe is an iconic example of the growing risk of the globalisation of vectors and vector-borne diseases. The history of yellow fever and dengue in temperate regions confirms that transmission of both diseases could recur, particularly if Ae. aegypti, a more effective vector, were to be re-introduced. The article is a broad overview of the natural history and epidemiology of both diseases in the context of these risks. (Source: Eurosurveillance latest news) Eurosurveillance latest news journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3356171 Thu, 11 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3356171 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3356170&cid=s_33117_20_f&fid=33117&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosurveillance.org%2FViewArticle.aspx%3FArticleId%3D19508 The appearance of West Nile virus in New York in 1999 and the unprecedented panzootic that followed, have stimulated a major research effort in the western hemisphere and a new interest in the presence of this virus in the Old World. This review considers current understanding of the natural history of this pathogen, with particular regard to transmission in Europe. (Source: Eurosurveillance latest news) Eurosurveillance latest news journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3356170 Thu, 11 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3356170 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3356169&cid=s_33117_20_f&fid=33117&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosurveillance.org%2FViewArticle.aspx%3FArticleId%3D19503 (Source: Eurosurveillance latest news) Eurosurveillance latest news journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3356169 Thu, 11 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3356169 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3333051&cid=s_33117_20_f&fid=33117&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosurveillance.org%2FViewArticle.aspx%3FArticleId%3D19502 (Source: Eurosurveillance latest news) Eurosurveillance latest news journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3333051 Thu, 04 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3333051 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3333050&cid=s_33117_20_f&fid=33117&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosurveillance.org%2FViewArticle.aspx%3FArticleId%3D19501 (Source: Eurosurveillance latest news) Eurosurveillance latest news journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3333050 Thu, 04 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3333050 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3333049&cid=s_33117_20_f&fid=33117&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosurveillance.org%2FViewArticle.aspx%3FArticleId%3D19499 This study was aimed at determining the proportion of hMPV infections in patients with influenza-like illness (ILI) during the three influenza seasons 2005-6, 2006-7, 2007-8 in northern Greece. We collected 380 nasopharyngeal swabs or aspirates from ILI patients during the winter seasons 2005-2008 and examined them for influenza viruses and hMPV by one-step real time RT-PCR and nested RT-PCR. Influenza viruses were detected in 151 of the 380 specimens (39.7%) and hMPV in 23 of them (6.05%). Co-infections with hMPV and influenza viruses were observed in seven cases. The majority of the ILI patients (60.5%) were 0-18 years-old. However, the incidence of influenza was slightly higher in the age group of 19-60-year-olds, while the incidence of hMPV infections was higher in the age group of 0-1... Eurosurveillance latest news journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3333049 Thu, 04 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3333049 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3333048&cid=s_33117_20_f&fid=33117&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosurveillance.org%2FViewArticle.aspx%3FArticleId%3D19498 Infection with the recently emerged pandemic influenza A(H1N1) virus causes mild disease in the vast majority of cases, but sporadically also very severe disease. A specific mutation in the viral haemagglutinin (D222G) was found with considerable frequency in fatal and severe cases in Norway, but was virtually absent among clinically mild cases. This difference was statistically significant and our data are consistent with a possible causal relationship between this mutation and the clinical outcome. (Source: Eurosurveillance latest news) Eurosurveillance latest news journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3333048 Thu, 04 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3333048 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3333047&cid=s_33117_20_f&fid=33117&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosurveillance.org%2FViewArticle.aspx%3FArticleId%3D19500 Measles cases are increasing in Ireland, with 320 cases notified since August 2009. Nearly two-thirds of these cases (n=206) were unvaccinated. In the early stages of the outbreak a substantial number of cases were linked to the Traveller community with some cases also reported among the Roma community, other citizens from eastern Europe and children whose parents objected to vaccination. By February 2010, there had been considerable spread to the general population. (Source: Eurosurveillance latest news) Eurosurveillance latest news journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3333047 Thu, 04 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3333047 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3308749&cid=s_33117_20_f&fid=33117&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosurveillance.org%2FViewArticle.aspx%3FArticleId%3D19495 (Source: Eurosurveillance latest news) Eurosurveillance latest news journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3308749 Thu, 25 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3308749 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3308748&cid=s_33117_20_f&fid=33117&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosurveillance.org%2FViewArticle.aspx%3FArticleId%3D19492 Chronic hepatitis C is a leading cause of end-stage liver disease and, with a worldwide prevalence of up to 3%, is a pandemic infectious disease. Austria, like most western European countries can be considered as a low prevalence country. This analysis aimed to assess the distribution of hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotypes in patients with chronic HCV infection in Upper Austria. Between September 1992 and December 2006, we identified 1,318 consecutive patients who tested positive for HCV RNA. Genotyping was routinely performed in 1,239 of the 1,318 patients, and in a subgroup of 617 patients data on the source of transmission were collected. Additionally we obtained data on liver histology and body mass index in a subsample of 273 of the 617 patients. Hepatitis C genotypes 1, 2, 3, 4, 6 and ... Eurosurveillance latest news journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3308748 Thu, 25 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3308748 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3308747&cid=s_33117_20_f&fid=33117&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosurveillance.org%2FViewArticle.aspx%3FArticleId%3D19493 Each spring, countries that participate in the European Surveillance Scheme for Travel Associated Legionnaires' Disease (EWGLINET) are requested to submit their annual dataset of all cases of Legionnaires' disease in residents of their country with onset of illness in the preceding year. These data have been collected annually since 1994 and are used to analyse epidemiological and microbiological trends within and between countries over time. This paper presents an overview of the data collected for 2007 and 2008. A total of 5,907 cases were reported by 33 countries in 2007 and 5,960 cases by 34 countries in 2008, a similar two-year total to that recorded in 2005 and 2006 [1]. The only countries with a major difference in case numbers between 2007 and 2008 were Russia, due to a large outbr... Eurosurveillance latest news journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3308747 Thu, 25 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3308747 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3308746&cid=s_33117_20_f&fid=33117&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosurveillance.org%2FViewArticle.aspx%3FArticleId%3D19494 We describe the first case of chikungunya fever in a French traveller returning from Malé, an island of the Maldives islands, confirming the permanence of virus circulation by the end of 2009. (Source: Eurosurveillance latest news) Eurosurveillance latest news journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3308746 Thu, 25 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3308746 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3308745&cid=s_33117_20_f&fid=33117&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosurveillance.org%2FViewArticle.aspx%3FArticleId%3D19496 Three cases of Legionnaires' disease caused by Legionella longbeachae Sg 1 associated with potting compost have been reported in Scotland between 2008 and 2009. The exact method of transmission is still not fully understood as Legionnaires' disease is thought to be acquired by droplet inhalation. The linked cases associated with compost exposure call for an introduction of compost labelling, as is already in place in other countries where L. longbeachae outbreaks have been reported. (Source: Eurosurveillance latest news) Eurosurveillance latest news journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3308745 Thu, 25 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3308745 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3308744&cid=s_33117_20_f&fid=33117&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosurveillance.org%2FViewArticle.aspx%3FArticleId%3D19497 (Source: Eurosurveillance latest news) Eurosurveillance latest news journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3308744 Thu, 25 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3308744 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3285533&cid=s_33117_20_f&fid=33117&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosurveillance.org%2FViewArticle.aspx%3FArticleId%3D19491 (Source: Eurosurveillance latest news) Eurosurveillance latest news journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3285533 Thu, 18 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3285533 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3285532&cid=s_33117_20_f&fid=33117&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosurveillance.org%2FViewArticle.aspx%3FArticleId%3D19488 Antibiotic resistance has been associated with the use of antibiotics. The dispensing of antimicrobials without prescription is a potential source of inappropriate antibiotic use. In our study, antibiotics were requested without prescription from pharmacies in the metropolitan area of Athens in Greece in 2008. Twenty-one collaborators visited 174 pharmacies and asked for either amoxicillin/clavulanate acid or ciprofloxacin without providing a prescription or any other justification for the request. In Greece additional restrictions for fluoroquinolone prescriptions were implemented in 2003 after which a separate specific prescription form needs to be filled in by the prescriber, justifying the choice of any fluoroquinolone. Amoxicillin/clavulanate acid was dispensed in all cases. Furthermo... Eurosurveillance latest news journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3285532 Thu, 18 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3285532 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3285531&cid=s_33117_20_f&fid=33117&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosurveillance.org%2FViewArticle.aspx%3FArticleId%3D19489 We report a fatal case of meningitis caused by Salmonella Enteritidis phage type 14b in a middle-aged man who had no history or findings to suggest he was immunocompromised. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of Salmonella meningitis in an adult in Ireland, and the first case of meningitis in an adult caused by phage type 14b. This case was associated with a nationwide cluster of salmonellosis which is still under investigation at the time of writing. (Source: Eurosurveillance latest news) Eurosurveillance latest news journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3285531 Thu, 18 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3285531 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3285530&cid=s_33117_20_f&fid=33117&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosurveillance.org%2FViewArticle.aspx%3FArticleId%3D19490 Due to non-existing or limited surveillance in Africa, little is known about the epidemiology of dengue illness in the continent. Serological and virological data obtained from returning European travellers is a key complement to this often flawed information. In the past years, dengue 3 virus has emerged in West Africa and has been detected in travellers returning to Europe. The first dengue epidemic in Cape Verde with more than 17,000 cases from September to December 2009 demonstrated that dengue virus is still expanding worldwide to new territories. (Source: Eurosurveillance latest news) Eurosurveillance latest news journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3285530 Thu, 18 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3285530 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3285529&cid=s_33117_20_f&fid=33117&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosurveillance.org%2FViewArticle.aspx%3FArticleId%3D19487 In October 2009, a traveller returning from Africa to Italy was hospitalised with symptoms suggestive of a haemorrhagic fever of unknown origin. The patient was immediately placed in a special biocontainment unit until laboratory investigations confirmed the infection to be caused by a dengue serotype 3 virus. This case reasserts the importance of returning travellers as sentinels of unknown outbreaks occurring in other countries, and highlights how the initial symptoms of dengue fever resemble those of other haemorrhagic fevers, hence the importance of prompt isolation of patients until a final diagnosis is reached. (Source: Eurosurveillance latest news) Eurosurveillance latest news journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3285529 Thu, 18 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3285529 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3264459&cid=s_33117_20_f&fid=33117&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosurveillance.org%2FViewArticle.aspx%3FArticleId%3D19482 In this study we present evidence for an episode of listeriosis: a time-linked cluster of cases that occurred in 2006 and 2007, and the identification of identical strains. The episode involved 11 patients, infected with Listeria monocytogenes of serovar 4b. The source of infection was not detected. (Source: Eurosurveillance latest news) Eurosurveillance latest news journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3264459 Thu, 11 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3264459 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3264458&cid=s_33117_20_f&fid=33117&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosurveillance.org%2FViewArticle.aspx%3FArticleId%3D19483 During the influenza season 2007-8, the proportion of seasonal influenza A(H1N1) viruses resistant to the neuraminidase inhibitor oseltamivir increased worldwide. We conducted an investigation to compare patients infected with oseltamivir-resistant (ose-R) and oseltamivir- susceptible (ose-S) influenza A(H1N1) viruses regarding risk factors for resistance and the capability to transmit in the household setting. Within a cohort of 396 laboratory confirmed influenza patients from sentinel physicians we conducted a nested case-control study among patients infected with A(H1N1). Thirty patients in the cohort were infected with influenza B, none with influenza A(H3N2) and 366 with A(H1N1). Of the 366 A(H1N1) viruses 52 (14%) were ose-R. Demographic characteristics, oseltamivir exposure, travel ... Eurosurveillance latest news journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3264458 Thu, 11 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3264458 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3264457&cid=s_33117_20_f&fid=33117&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosurveillance.org%2FViewArticle.aspx%3FArticleId%3D19486 A questionnaire survey on the attitude of healthcare workers towards pandemic influenza vaccination showed low acceptance (17%) of the pandemic vaccine. Factors associated with vaccine uptake were acceptance of seasonal influenza vaccination, medical profession and age. The main reason for refusal of vaccination was fear of side effects, which was stronger in those who received information on the safety of the vaccine mainly from mass media. (Source: Eurosurveillance latest news) Eurosurveillance latest news journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3264457 Thu, 11 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3264457 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3264456&cid=s_33117_20_f&fid=33117&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosurveillance.org%2FViewArticle.aspx%3FArticleId%3D19485 This short report based on clinical surveillance and laboratory data describes the circulation of rhinoviruses, influenza viruses and respiratory syncytial viruses (RSV) in France during the 2009-10 season compared with the previous winter season. The delayed circulation of RSV observed in 2009-10 compared with 2008-09 suggests that the early circulation of the 2009 pandemic influenza A(H1N1) viruses had an impact on the RSV epidemic. (Source: Eurosurveillance latest news) Eurosurveillance latest news journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3264456 Thu, 11 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3264456 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3264455&cid=s_33117_20_f&fid=33117&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosurveillance.org%2FViewArticle.aspx%3FArticleId%3D19484 At least 11 linked outbreaks of gastroenteritis with a total of 260 cases have occurred in Denmark in mid January 2010. Investigations showed that the outbreaks were caused by norovirus of several genotypes and by enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli. Lettuce of the lollo bionda type grown in France was found to be the vehicle. (Source: Eurosurveillance latest news) Eurosurveillance latest news journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3264455 Thu, 11 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3264455 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3241399&cid=s_33117_20_f&fid=33117&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosurveillance.org%2FViewArticle.aspx%3FArticleId%3D19478 Since May 2009, the pandemic influenza A(H1N1) virus has been spreading throughout the world. Epidemiological data indicate that the elderly are underrepresented among the ill individuals. Approximately 1,000 serum specimens collected in Finland in 2004 and 2005 from individuals born between 1909 and 2005, were analysed by haemagglutination-inhibition test for the presence of antibodies against the 2009 pandemic influenza A(H1N1) and recently circulating seasonal influenza A viruses. Ninety-six per cent of individuals born between 1909 and 1919 had antibodies against the 2009 pandemic influenza virus, while in age groups born between 1920 and 1944, the prevalence varied from 77% to 14%. Most individuals born after 1944 lacked antibodies to the pandemic virus. In sequence comparisons the ha... Eurosurveillance latest news journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3241399 Thu, 04 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3241399 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3241398&cid=s_33117_20_f&fid=33117&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosurveillance.org%2FViewArticle.aspx%3FArticleId%3D19479 To study if antibiotic treatment of outpatients had triggered Clostridium difficile infections (CDI), prescription numbers were compared with CDI-affected patient numbers. A strong correlation was observed for ciprofloxacin (R=0.917), suggesting that increased use of ciprofloxacin by outpatients contributed to increased numbers of CDI. These findings deserve further investigation as they may have an impact on future decisions regarding antibiotic prescribing. (Source: Eurosurveillance latest news) Eurosurveillance latest news journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3241398 Thu, 04 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3241398 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3241397&cid=s_33117_20_f&fid=33117&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosurveillance.org%2FViewArticle.aspx%3FArticleId%3D19481 We analysed mortality among people aged 65 years or older in Navarre, Spain in 2009 and compared it with the mean for the same period of time in the previous three years. In the pandemic weeks 24 to 52 2009 we observed 4.9% more deaths than expected (p=0.0268). Excess mortality occurred during the circulation of seasonal influenza (8.0%, p=0.0367) and the first wave of pandemic influenza (9.9%, p=0.0079). In the second wave of pandemic influenza there was a non-significant excess of deaths (5.2%, p=0.1166). Surveillance of laboratory-confirmed severe influenza cases detected only one death in this age group. (Source: Eurosurveillance latest news) Eurosurveillance latest news journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3241397 Thu, 04 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3241397 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3241396&cid=s_33117_20_f&fid=33117&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosurveillance.org%2FViewArticle.aspx%3FArticleId%3D19480 The paper describes weekly fluctuations of all-cause mortality observed in eight European countries during the period between week 27 and 51, 2009, in comparison with three previous years. Our preliminary data show that the mortality reported during the 2009 influenza pandemic did not reach levels normally seen during seasonal influenza epidemics. However, there was a cumulative excess mortality of 77 cases (1 per 100,000 population) in 5-14-year-olds, and possibly also among 0-4-year-olds. (Source: Eurosurveillance latest news) Eurosurveillance latest news journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3241396 Thu, 04 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3241396 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3241395&cid=s_33117_20_f&fid=33117&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosurveillance.org%2FViewArticle.aspx%3FArticleId%3D19477 We report an outbreak of listeriosis in Austria and Germany due to the consumption of 'Quargel' cheese produced by an Austrian manufacturer. At the time of writing this report, the outbreak was known to account for 14 outbreak cases in 2009, including four cases with lethal outcome. On 23 January 2010, the cheese product was voluntarily withdrawn from the market. (Source: Eurosurveillance latest news) Eurosurveillance latest news journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3241395 Thu, 04 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3241395 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3218411&cid=s_33117_20_f&fid=33117&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosurveillance.org%2FViewArticle.aspx%3FArticleId%3D19475 (Source: Eurosurveillance latest news) Eurosurveillance latest news journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3218411 Thu, 28 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3218411 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3218410&cid=s_33117_20_f&fid=33117&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosurveillance.org%2FViewArticle.aspx%3FArticleId%3D19476 (Source: Eurosurveillance latest news) Eurosurveillance latest news journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3218410 Thu, 28 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3218410 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3218409&cid=s_33117_20_f&fid=33117&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosurveillance.org%2FViewArticle.aspx%3FArticleId%3D19471 Phage typing has for decades been useful as a phenotypical, definitive method for epidemiological characterisation of Salmonella Typhimurium. The system recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) Collaborative Centre for phage typing of Salmonella has, however, become rather complex, and the present study illustrates the challenges of sufficient standardisation of the interpretation of lysis results to make sure that the same strain is assigned to the same phage type in different laboratories. Even though molecular typing methods will replace phenotypic characterisation methods in the future, it is our opinion that phage typing will remain for some time a useful tool to strengthen global Salmonella surveillance. Therefore, improved standardisation and quality assurance is essential... Eurosurveillance latest news journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3218409 Thu, 28 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3218409 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3218408&cid=s_33117_20_f&fid=33117&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosurveillance.org%2FViewArticle.aspx%3FArticleId%3D19474 Campylobacter is the most commonly reported enteric bacterial pathogen in humans. We still do not have any systematic data concerning campylobacteriosis in Bulgaria. For that reason, we present data of the thermophilic Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli in the aetiology of diarrhoeal diseases in Sofia, for the period from 1987 to 2008. The study included patients from 0 to over 65 years-old. A total of 51,607 faecal specimens were screened for Campylobacter. C. jejuni and C. coli were detected in 3.58% (1,847) of the strains, with the highest percentage in 1988 (7.5%) and the lowest in 2006 (0.3%). Campylobacteriosis occurred most frequently in the wet months of March, April, May and June, with 105, 102, 124 and 141 cases, respectively, and was rare in January with 25 cases. The m... Eurosurveillance latest news journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3218408 Thu, 28 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3218408 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3218407&cid=s_33117_20_f&fid=33117&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosurveillance.org%2FViewArticle.aspx%3FArticleId%3D19473 Highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N1) has ravaged the Egyptian poultry population. Ninety human cases, including 27 fatalities have been recorded by 30 December, 2009. However, epidemiological information on the infection in humans in Egypt is scarce. We analysed the first three years of highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N1) in Egypt between 20 March 2006 and 31 August 2009) and found that more cases occurred in females than males, especially in 2006 and 2007. Women in the age group 20-39 years had the greatest tendency to be infected. It took an average of one day and 18 hours to seek medical assistance in patients who recovered and of six days in fatal cases. Children sought treatment much earlier than adults. On average, a patient died 11 days after the onset of symptoms. Exposu... Eurosurveillance latest news journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3218407 Thu, 28 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3218407 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3218406&cid=s_33117_20_f&fid=33117&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosurveillance.org%2FViewArticle.aspx%3FArticleId%3D19472 Currently an investigation is ongoing to explore and control an outbreak of Legionnaires' disease, affecting 65 people as of 22 January 2010, in the cities of Ulm and Neu-Ulm, south-west Germany. A hitherto unidentified wet cooling system in these twin cities is considered as the most likely source of infection. (Source: Eurosurveillance latest news) Eurosurveillance latest news journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3218406 Thu, 28 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3218406 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3195441&cid=s_33117_20_f&fid=33117&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosurveillance.org%2FViewArticle.aspx%3FArticleId%3D19469 (Source: Eurosurveillance latest news) Eurosurveillance latest news journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3195441 Thu, 21 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3195441 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3195440&cid=s_33117_20_f&fid=33117&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosurveillance.org%2FViewArticle.aspx%3FArticleId%3D19470 (Source: Eurosurveillance latest news) Eurosurveillance latest news journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3195440 Thu, 21 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3195440 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3195439&cid=s_33117_20_f&fid=33117&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosurveillance.org%2FViewArticle.aspx%3FArticleId%3D19468 (Source: Eurosurveillance latest news) Eurosurveillance latest news journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3195439 Thu, 21 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3195439 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3195438&cid=s_33117_20_f&fid=33117&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosurveillance.org%2FViewArticle.aspx%3FArticleId%3D19467 School-age children are at a high risk of acute respiratory virus infections including the 2009 pandemic influenza A(H1N1). School absence records have been suggested as a tool for influenza surveillance. We analysed absence records from six primary schools (children aged from around five to 11 years) in London during the years 2005 to 2007 in order to provide baseline epidemiological characteristics of illness-related school absence, and to correlate school absence with seasonal influenza. The daily average prevalence of absence due to illness was 2.9%. The incidence was 1.3% per person-day. The mean duration of absence was 1.8 days (SD 1.8). Over 60% of absence episodes lasted for one day. Absence prevalence did not differ by sex. Prevalence was highest in the youngest children and then ... Eurosurveillance latest news journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3195438 Thu, 21 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3195438 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3195437&cid=s_33117_20_f&fid=33117&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosurveillance.org%2FViewArticle.aspx%3FArticleId%3D19466 This study aimed to measure rates of hand sanitiser use in a hospital entrance foyer four months after a baseline study during New Zealand's influenza pandemic. Of the 743 people observed over one (summer) day in December 2009, 8.2% used the hand sanitiser, which was significantly lower (p (Source: Eurosurveillance latest news) Eurosurveillance latest news journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3195437 Thu, 21 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3195437 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3173699&cid=s_33117_20_f&fid=33117&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosurveillance.org%2FViewArticle.aspx%3FArticleId%3D19460 (Source: Eurosurveillance latest news) Eurosurveillance latest news journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3173699 Thu, 14 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3173699 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3173698&cid=s_33117_20_f&fid=33117&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosurveillance.org%2FViewArticle.aspx%3FArticleId%3D19459 (Source: Eurosurveillance latest news) Eurosurveillance latest news journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3173698 Thu, 14 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3173698 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3173697&cid=s_33117_20_f&fid=33117&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosurveillance.org%2FViewArticle.aspx%3FArticleId%3D19463 From 1 July 2009 to 15 November 2009, 244 patients with 2009 pandemic influenza A(H1N1) were admitted to intensive care unit (ICU) and were compared with 514 cases hospitalised in medical wards in France until 2 November 2009. Detailed case-based epidemiological information and outcomes were gathered for all hospitalised cases. Infants and pregnant women are overrepresented among cases admitted to ICU with seven per cent for both groups respectively, and twenty per cent of ICU cases did not belong to a risk group. Chronic respiratory disease was the most common risk factor among cases but obesity (body mass index ? 30 Kg/m2), chronic cardiac disease and immunosuppression were risk factors associated with severe illness after adjustment for age and for other co-morbidities. (Source: Eurosur... Eurosurveillance latest news journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3173697 Thu, 14 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3173697 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3173696&cid=s_33117_20_f&fid=33117&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosurveillance.org%2FViewArticle.aspx%3FArticleId%3D19461 We analysed and reported on a weekly basis clinical and epidemiological characteristics of patients hospitalised in the Netherlands for the 2009 pandemic influenza A(H1N1) using information from the national mandatory notification system. The notification criteria changed on 15 August 2009 from all possible, probable and confirmed cases to only laboratory-confirmed pandemic influenza hospitalisations and deaths. In the period of comprehensive case-based surveillance (until 15 August), 2% (35/1,622) of the patients with pandemic influenza were hospitalised. From 5 June to 31 December 2009, a total of 2,181 patients were hospitalised. Of these, 10% (219/2,181) were admitted to an intensive care unit (ICU) and 53 died. Among non-ICU hospitalised patients, 56% (961/1,722) had an underlying med... Eurosurveillance latest news journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3173696 Thu, 14 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3173696 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3173695&cid=s_33117_20_f&fid=33117&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosurveillance.org%2FViewArticle.aspx%3FArticleId%3D19462 Pogosta disease is a viral disease caused by a mosquito-borne alphavirus, Sindbis virus (SINV), and large human outbreaks of SINV infection have emerged in Finland every seven years. After a major outbreak in 2002 an epidemic was expected to take place in 2009. Data from the National Infectious Disease Registry showed a small outbreak in humans in 2009 with a total of 105 reported cases but the seven-year cycle did not recur as anticipated. (Source: Eurosurveillance latest news) Eurosurveillance latest news journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3173695 Thu, 14 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3173695 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3173694&cid=s_33117_20_f&fid=33117&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosurveillance.org%2FViewArticle.aspx%3FArticleId%3D19464 A fatal case of anthrax occurred in an injecting drug user in Germany, in December 2009. A potential link to similar cases in Scotland in the same time period is currently under investigation. (Source: Eurosurveillance latest news) Eurosurveillance latest news journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3173694 Thu, 14 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3173694 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3173693&cid=s_33117_20_f&fid=33117&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosurveillance.org%2FViewArticle.aspx%3FArticleId%3D19465 An investigation is currently underway to explore and control an outbreak of Bacillus anthracis among drug users (mainly injecting) in Scotland. Contaminated heroin or a contaminated cutting agent mixed with the heroin is considered to be the most likely source and vehicle of infection. Heroin users have been advised of the risk. The risk to the general public is regarded as very low. (Source: Eurosurveillance latest news) Eurosurveillance latest news journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3173693 Thu, 14 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3173693 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3154687&cid=s_33117_20_f&fid=33117&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosurveillance.org%2FViewArticle.aspx%3FArticleId%3D19454 A nosocomial outbreak of 2009 pandemic influenza A(H1N1), with eight confirmed cases, occurred in a paediatric oncology ward in Italy, in October/November 2009. The fact that one case was infected despite being isolated and without contact to a symptomatic patient, hints towards potential transmission through a health care worker (HCW) and underlines the importance of vaccination of HCW who are involved in the care of critically ill patients. (Source: Eurosurveillance latest news) Eurosurveillance latest news journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3154687 Thu, 07 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3154687 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3150747&cid=s_33117_20_f&fid=33117&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosurveillance.org%2FViewArticle.aspx%3FArticleId%3D19453 (Source: Eurosurveillance latest news) Eurosurveillance latest news journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3150747 Thu, 07 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3150747 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3150746&cid=s_33117_20_f&fid=33117&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosurveillance.org%2FViewArticle.aspx%3FArticleId%3D19451 (Source: Eurosurveillance latest news) Eurosurveillance latest news journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3150746 Thu, 07 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3150746 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3150745&cid=s_33117_20_f&fid=33117&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosurveillance.org%2FViewArticle.aspx%3FArticleId%3D19456 By 27 June, a total of 14.559 clinical cases were identified in Los Lagos, affecting mostly 5-19 year-olds. The effective reproduction number during the initial phase (20 days) was 1.8 (1.6-2.0). Of the 190 confirmed cases with severe acute respiratory infection, 71 (37,4%) presented a risk condition or underlying illness. (Source: Eurosurveillance latest news) Eurosurveillance latest news journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3150745 Thu, 07 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3150745 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3150744&cid=s_33117_20_f&fid=33117&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosurveillance.org%2FViewArticle.aspx%3FArticleId%3D19457 We document here the in vivo transfer of blaKPC-2 between intensive care unit-acquired and a commensal strain of K. pneumoniae in a French patient after his repatriation from Greece. This first report of an emerging KPC-producing strain in France raises further concerns about the spread of carbapenem resistance among Enterobacteriaceae. (Source: Eurosurveillance latest news) Eurosurveillance latest news journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3150744 Thu, 07 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3150744 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3150743&cid=s_33117_20_f&fid=33117&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosurveillance.org%2FViewArticle.aspx%3FArticleId%3D19455 We simulated the early phase of the 2009 influenza A(H1N1) pandemic and assessed the effectiveness of public health interventions in Japan. We show that the detection rate of border quarantine was low and the timing of the intervention was the most important factor involved in the control of the pandemic, with the maximum reduction in daily cases obtained after interventions started on day 6 or 11. Early interventions were not always effective. (Source: Eurosurveillance latest news) Eurosurveillance latest news journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3150743 Thu, 07 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3150743 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3150742&cid=s_33117_20_f&fid=33117&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosurveillance.org%2FViewArticle.aspx%3FArticleId%3D19454 A nosocomial outbreak of 2009 pandemic influenza A(H1N1), with eight confirmed cases, occurred in a paediatric oncology ward in Italy, in October/November 2009. The fact that one case was infected despite being isolated and without contact to a symptomatic patient, hints towards potential transmission through a health care worker (HCW) and underlines the importance of vaccination of HCW who are involved in the care of critically ill patients. (Source: Eurosurveillance latest news) Eurosurveillance latest news journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3150742 Thu, 07 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3150742 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3150741&cid=s_33117_20_f&fid=33117&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosurveillance.org%2FViewArticle.aspx%3FArticleId%3D19458 (Source: Eurosurveillance latest news) Eurosurveillance latest news journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3150741 Thu, 07 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3150741 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3150740&cid=s_33117_20_f&fid=33117&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosurveillance.org%2FViewArticle.aspx%3FArticleId%3D19452 (Source: Eurosurveillance latest news) Eurosurveillance latest news journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3150740 Thu, 07 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3150740 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3098216&cid=s_33117_20_f&fid=33117&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosurveillance.org%2FViewArticle.aspx%3FArticleId%3D19447 (Source: Eurosurveillance latest news) Eurosurveillance latest news journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3098216 Thu, 17 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3098216 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3098215&cid=s_33117_20_f&fid=33117&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosurveillance.org%2FViewArticle.aspx%3FArticleId%3D19445 Smallpox was formally declared as eradicated in 1979. Smallpox is the only infectious disease of humans that has ever been eradicated. Poliomyelitis has been eliminated from three of the six World Health Organization (WHO) regions although not all countries within those regions always meet the elimination criteria. Elimination criteria for measles are being discussed. We use poliomyelitis and measles as examples to illustrate our assertion that the current approach to documenting measles elimination relies too heavily on criteria for surveillance quality, disadvantaging countries with long established and relatively inflexible surveillance systems. We propose an alternative approach to documenting measles elimination, with the two key criteria being molecular evidence to confirm the lack o... Eurosurveillance latest news journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3098215 Thu, 17 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3098215 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3098214&cid=s_33117_20_f&fid=33117&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosurveillance.org%2FViewArticle.aspx%3FArticleId%3D19444 A cross-sectional study was performed to determine the rubella seroprevalence in 331 children aged between 0 and 59 months in Turkey who were not vaccinated for rubella and lived in the area covered by Dogankent Health Center, a rural area with a large proportion of residents of low socioeconomic status. Rubella seropositivity was found to be low, with 17.5%, increased with age and low socioeconomic level, and was particularly high in children who live in a household with one member going to school, and in children of uneducated parents (p0.05). Rubella vaccine has only been included into the national vaccination programme in the form of the measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine since 2006 and is performed at the age of 12 months, in the first year of primary school and at the age of about 1... Eurosurveillance latest news journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3098214 Thu, 17 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3098214 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3098213&cid=s_33117_20_f&fid=33117&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosurveillance.org%2FViewArticle.aspx%3FArticleId%3D19443 Switzerland adheres to the objective of eliminating measles within the European region of the World Health Organization (WHO) by 2010. After several years with a relatively low annual incidence rate (0.3 to 1 case per 100,000 inhabitants), there has been a large epidemic of measles from November 2006 to August 2009. By mid September 2009, 4,415 cases were notified by physicians and laboratories, corresponding to an incidence rate of 15 per 100,000 in 2007 and 29 per 100,000 in 2008; by far the highest rates in Europe. This exceptionally long nationwide epidemic comprised three successive waves, with peaks in August 2007 (171 cases), March 2008 (569 cases) and March 2009 (417 cases). It mainly affected children aged from five to 14 years (48% of cases). Most cases were not vaccinated (93%) ... Eurosurveillance latest news journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3098213 Thu, 17 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3098213 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3098212&cid=s_33117_20_f&fid=33117&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosurveillance.org%2FViewArticle.aspx%3FArticleId%3D19448 This report enlarges the panel of emerging mosquito-borne flavivirus-related disease in humans. (Source: Eurosurveillance latest news) Eurosurveillance latest news journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3098212 Thu, 17 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3098212 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3098211&cid=s_33117_20_f&fid=33117&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosurveillance.org%2FViewArticle.aspx%3FArticleId%3D19446 We report the first worldwide case of Usutu virus (USUV) neuroinvasive infection in a patient with diffuse large B cell lymphoma who presented with fever and neurological symptoms and was diagnosed with meningoencephalitits. The cerebrospinal fluid was positive for USUV, and USUV was also demonstrated in serum and plasma samples by RT-PCR and sequencing. Partial sequences of the premembrane and NS5 regions of the viral genome were similar to the USUV Vienna and Budapest isolates. (Source: Eurosurveillance latest news) Eurosurveillance latest news journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3098211 Thu, 17 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3098211 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3098210&cid=s_33117_20_f&fid=33117&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosurveillance.org%2FViewArticle.aspx%3FArticleId%3D19440 From mid-September 2009 to 7 December 2009, 173 cases of mumps have been reported in the Jerusalem District. Most cases (82.1%) were male adolescents (median age 14.5 years) who are students in religious boarding schools. The majority of them (74%) are appropriately vaccinated for their age; 67% had received two doses of mumps-containing vaccine. An epidemiologic connection has been reported with visitors from New York, some of whom had recently had mumps. (Source: Eurosurveillance latest news) Eurosurveillance latest news journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3098210 Thu, 17 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3098210 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3098209&cid=s_33117_20_f&fid=33117&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosurveillance.org%2FViewArticle.aspx%3FArticleId%3D19442 Earlier this year, an outbreak of measles was detected in Bulgaria, following an eight-year period without indigenous measles transmission, and continues to spread in the country. By the end of 48 week of 2009 (first week of November), 957 measles cases had been recorded. Most cases are identified among the Roma community living in the north-eastern part of the country. Measles has affected infants, children and young adults. The vaccination campaign that started earlier in the year in the affected administrative regions continues, targeting all individuals from 13 months to 30 years of age who have not received the complete two-dose regimen of the combined measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccination. (Source: Eurosurveillance latest news) Eurosurveillance latest news journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3098209 Thu, 17 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3098209 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3098208&cid=s_33117_20_f&fid=33117&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosurveillance.org%2FViewArticle.aspx%3FArticleId%3D19441 An increased relative risk of infection with the 2009 pandemic H1N1 influenza virus associated with pregnancy and Indigenous status has been a common finding in many countries. Using publicly available data from May to October 2009 in Australia, we estimated the relative risk of hospitalisation, admission to intensive care unit and death as 5.2, 6.5 and 1.4 respectively for pregnant women, and as 6.6, 6.2 and 5.2, respectively for Indigenous Australians. Pregnancy and Indigenous status were associated with severe influenza. More complete analyses of risks in these groups are required to understand and prevent influenza morbidity and mortality. (Source: Eurosurveillance latest news) Eurosurveillance latest news journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3098208 Thu, 17 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3098208 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3098207&cid=s_33117_20_f&fid=33117&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosurveillance.org%2FViewArticle.aspx%3FArticleId%3D19449 (Source: Eurosurveillance latest news) Eurosurveillance latest news journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3098207 Thu, 17 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3098207 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3077197&cid=s_33117_20_f&fid=33117&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosurveillance.org%2FViewArticle.aspx%3FArticleId%3D19438 (Source: Eurosurveillance latest news) Eurosurveillance latest news journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3077197 Thu, 10 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3077197 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3077196&cid=s_33117_20_f&fid=33117&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosurveillance.org%2FViewArticle.aspx%3FArticleId%3D19439 The serological status of hepatitis viruses and other infectious diseases in the 66 dialysed patients of one haemodialysis unit in Kosovo were studied, comparing the data with a large group of blood donors and out-patients. All dialysed patients were hepatitis A virus (HAV) positive. Prevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), hepatitis B surface antibodies (anti-HBs), and hepatitis B core antibodies (anti-HBc) was 14 of 66, 21% (95% confidence interval (CI): 12-33%), 5 of 66, 8% (95%CI: 5-22%), and 50 of 66, 76% (95%CI: 64-85%), respectively. Antibodies to hepatitis C virus (anti-HCV) prevalence was 57 of 66, 86% (95%CI: 76-94%). No human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) positive case was found. Prevalence of past herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) infection was 29% (95%CI: 18-41%). T... Eurosurveillance latest news journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3077196 Thu, 10 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3077196 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3077195&cid=s_33117_20_f&fid=33117&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosurveillance.org%2FViewArticle.aspx%3FArticleId%3D19436 When testing 184 MRSA strains of human and animal origin from geographically distinct locations, we identified several characteristic single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within the SCCmec-orfX junction of livestock-associated (LA) MRSA CC398 which serve as suitable strain markers for screening purposes. All MRSA CC398 isolates were correctly identified by their characteristic Tm value in the commercial LightCycler MRSA Advanced test. (Source: Eurosurveillance latest news) Eurosurveillance latest news journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3077195 Thu, 10 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3077195 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3077194&cid=s_33117_20_f&fid=33117&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosurveillance.org%2FViewArticle.aspx%3FArticleId%3D19435 We describe a cluster of norovirus outbreaks affecting about 200 people in Southern Finland in September and October 2009. All outbreaks occurred after consumption of imported raspberries from the same batch intended for the catering sector. Human norovirus genotype GI.4 was found in frozen raspberries. The berries were served in toppings of cakes in separate catering settings or mixed in curd cheese as a snack for children in a daycare center. The relative risk for consumption of the berry dish was 3.0 (p ? 0.05) at the daycare centre. Human norovirus GI.4 was also detected in samples from two patients, and in berries. Both shared identical partial capsid sequences. Based on the results of epidemiological, trace-back and laboratory investigations it was concluded that one particular batch... Eurosurveillance latest news journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3077194 Thu, 10 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3077194 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3077193&cid=s_33117_20_f&fid=33117&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosurveillance.org%2FViewArticle.aspx%3FArticleId%3D19434 We observed a prolonged shedding of virus 14 and 28 days after symptom onset in two patients with pandemic H1N1 influenza, who did not have immunodepression and were treated with neuraminidase inhibitor. This prolonged shedding was not associated with the emergence of resistance mutation H275Y in the viral neuraminidase gene. (Source: Eurosurveillance latest news) Eurosurveillance latest news journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3077193 Thu, 10 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3077193 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3077192&cid=s_33117_20_f&fid=33117&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosurveillance.org%2FViewArticle.aspx%3FArticleId%3D19433 This article analyses the influenza A(H1N1)v situation in Andalusia until the week 39/2009. (Source: Eurosurveillance latest news) Eurosurveillance latest news journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3077192 Thu, 10 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3077192 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3077191&cid=s_33117_20_f&fid=33117&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosurveillance.org%2FViewArticle.aspx%3FArticleId%3D19432 A survey on attitudes and behaviours towards preventive measures against pandemic H1N1 influenza 2009 was carried out during the month of October 2009 in Italy through an online questionnaire adapted to the Italian situation from a similar survey of the Harvard School of Public Health in the United States (US). Results show that the intention to get vaccinated against pandemic H1N1 influenza 2009 is generally low and that there are differences in attitudes and behaviours towards preventive measures against pandemic H1N1 influenza 2009 between physicians and nurses, especially concerning vaccination. Differences relate also to sex, region of residence and marital status. (Source: Eurosurveillance latest news) Eurosurveillance latest news journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3077191 Thu, 10 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3077191 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3077190&cid=s_33117_20_f&fid=33117&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosurveillance.org%2FViewArticle.aspx%3FArticleId%3D19437 A cross-sectional telephone survey on a nationally representative sample of 1,000 Greek households was performed to assess the acceptability of the pandemic influenza A(H1N1)v vaccine, factors associated with intention to decline and stated reasons for declining vaccination. The survey was initiated the last week of August 2009 (week 35) and is still ongoing (analysis up to week 44). The percentage of participants answering they would "probably not/definitely not" accept the vaccine increased from 47.1% in week 35 to 63.1% in week 44 (test for trend: p (Source: Eurosurveillance latest news) Eurosurveillance latest news journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3077190 Thu, 10 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3077190 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3054310&cid=s_33117_20_f&fid=33117&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosurveillance.org%2FViewArticle.aspx%3FArticleId%3D19431 (Source: Eurosurveillance latest news) Eurosurveillance latest news journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3054310 Thu, 03 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3054310 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3054309&cid=s_33117_20_f&fid=33117&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosurveillance.org%2FViewArticle.aspx%3FArticleId%3D19430 Given the need of programme planners and policy makers for descriptions of specific interventions and quantitative estimates of intervention effects to make informed decisions concerning prevention funding and research, there is a need for a systematic review that updates the current knowledge base about HIV/STI preventive interventions targeted at men who have sex with men (MSM) in Europe. The aim was to summarise and assess the effectiveness of HIV/STI prevention interventions for MSM living in Europe, and to identify intervention characteristics associated with effectiveness as well as potential gaps in the evidence base. A systematic search for relevant literature in eight international databases and in reference lists of relevant reviews and included studies was performed. Studies wer... Eurosurveillance latest news journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3054309 Thu, 03 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3054309 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3054308&cid=s_33117_20_f&fid=33117&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosurveillance.org%2FViewArticle.aspx%3FArticleId%3D19429 In conclusion, socio-demographic factors such as education, age, ethnicity and sexual orientation may affect HIV risk behaviour knowledge, sexual behavior and substance use among MSM in Estonia, and need to be taken into consideration for targeted HIV prevention. (Source: Eurosurveillance latest news) Eurosurveillance latest news journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3054308 Thu, 03 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3054308 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3054307&cid=s_33117_20_f&fid=33117&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosurveillance.org%2FViewArticle.aspx%3FArticleId%3D19427 Data from 23 European countries show that the annual number of HIV diagnoses in men who have sex with men (MSM) increased by 86% between 2000 and 2006. This paper reports the main preliminary results of a bio-behavioural survey in MSM with a specific focus on HIV prevalence and use of United Nations General Assembly Special Session (UNGASS) indicators in six cities in Southern and Eastern Europe. Time-location sampling (TLS) was used. A total number of 2,356 questionnaires and 2,241 oral fluid samples were collected (invalid samples 4.1%). The data show different socio-demographic patterns across countries regarding age, level of education, living conditions, living area and self-identity. Southern European cities had the highest percentage of people who had tested for HIV and collected th... Eurosurveillance latest news journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3054307 Thu, 03 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3054307 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3054306&cid=s_33117_20_f&fid=33117&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosurveillance.org%2FViewArticle.aspx%3FArticleId%3D19428 Lymphogranuloma venereum, caused by the L serovars of Chlamydia trachomatis, emerged in Europe in 2003 and a series of outbreaks were reported in different countries. The infection presents as a severe proctitis in men who have sex with men, many of whom are co-infected with HIV and other sexually transmitted infections. This paper reviews the number of cases reported over a five year period, from 2003 to 2008, from countries that were part of the European Surveillance of Sexually Transmitted Infections (ESSTI) network. Reports were received from Belgium, Denmark, France, Germany, the Netherlands, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, and the United Kingdom. It appears that after five years the characteristics of the patients infected has overall remained unchanged, although the total number of cases h... Eurosurveillance latest news journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3054306 Thu, 03 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3054306 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3054305&cid=s_33117_20_f&fid=33117&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosurveillance.org%2FViewArticle.aspx%3FArticleId%3D19426 We describe HIV prevalence in men who have sex with men (MSM) diagnosed with infectious syphilis and/or gonorrhoea in 15 STI clinics; and concurrent diagnoses of STI in MSM newly diagnosed with HIV in 19 HIV/STI clinics. In total, 572 MSM were diagnosed with infectious syphilis and 580 with gonorrhoea during 2005-2007. HIV prevalence among syphilis and gonorrhoea cases was 29.8% and 15.2% respectively. In the multivariate analysis, HIV/syphilis co-infection was associated with being Latin American; having a history of STI; reporting exclusively anal intercourse; and having sex with casual or several types of partners. HIV and gonorrhoea co-infection was associated with age older than 45 years; having no education or only primary education completed; and having a history of STI. In total, 1... Eurosurveillance latest news journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3054305 Thu, 03 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3054305 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3054304&cid=s_33117_20_f&fid=33117&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosurveillance.org%2FViewArticle.aspx%3FArticleId%3D19425 An increase in the number of new HIV diagnoses among men who have sex with men (MSM) has been observed in several countries in the early 2000s. In this article, we explore the trends in MSM in France between 2003 and 2008. To estimate the number of MSM newly diagnosed with HIV, we take into account the reporting delay, underreporting and missing data for HIV case notification. To identify recent infections (RI) (acquired an average of six months before diagnosis), we used an enzyme immunoassay for recent HIV-1 infections (EIA-RI) which has been performed routinely for new HIV diagnoses since 2003. Multivariate analysis was used to identify factors associated with RI. We estimate that between 1,900 and 2,400 MSM have been newly diagnosed with HIV every year: the proportion of MSM among all ... Eurosurveillance latest news journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3054304 Thu, 03 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3054304 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3054303&cid=s_33117_20_f&fid=33117&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosurveillance.org%2FViewArticle.aspx%3FArticleId%3D19424 A 49-year-old man with a history of receptive unprotected anal intercourse with multiple anonymous men presented with a symptomatic primary HIV infection. Upon his initial visit the rapid HIV antibody screening test was negative but a p24 antigen test suggested a highly infectious phase in the HIV infection. An immunoblot assay confirmed the HIV diagnosis only 14 days later. Recent infections are characterised by a highly infectious phase and, if gone unnoticed, can have a large contribution to the ongoing transmission of HIV. Healthcare providers should be aware of primary HIV infection and the pitfalls in its diagnosis. (Source: Eurosurveillance latest news) Eurosurveillance latest news journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3054303 Thu, 03 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3054303 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3032130&cid=s_33117_20_f&fid=33117&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosurveillance.org%2FViewArticle.aspx%3FArticleId%3D19421 Viral hepatitis causes major disease burden worldwide, due to the chronic hepatitis sequelae: cirrhosis and primary liver cancer. Transmission of viral hepatitis is a problem not only in low-income countries, but also in high-income ones where viral hepatitis is a frequently occurring infection among men who have sex with men (MSM). Although the transmission routes of the three main hepatitis viruses, A, B and C, differ, MSM mainly acquire viral hepatitis during sexual contact. Vaccination programmes (only available for hepatitis A and B), raising awareness, and screening can be used to prevent transmission. However, despite the introduction of such methods in many high-income countries, the spread of viral hepatitis among MSM is still ongoing. This paper provides an overview of sexually a... Eurosurveillance latest news journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3032130 Thu, 26 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3032130 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3032129&cid=s_33117_20_f&fid=33117&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosurveillance.org%2FViewArticle.aspx%3FArticleId%3D19420 Belgium is currently experiencing an upward trend in the number of new HIV diagnoses characterised by a continuous increase in the number of cases among men who have sex with men (MSM). Based on surveillance data, in the past decade the yearly number of newly diagnosed HIV cases in MSM increased more than threefold, from 101 cases diagnosed in 1999 to 332 cases in 2008. During this period, the majority of new HIV infections in MSM were diagnosed among Belgians citizens (72%), followed by other European nationalities (13%). The increase in HIV diagnoses does not reflect an increase in HIV testing since the number of tests performed nationwide remained remarkably stable over time. The steady increase in the number of newly diagnosed HIV cases among MSM, and the high proportion of MSM among H... Eurosurveillance latest news journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3032129 Thu, 26 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3032129 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3032127&cid=s_33117_20_f&fid=33117&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosurveillance.org%2FViewArticle.aspx%3FArticleId%3D19419 The report presents data on HIV infection among men who have sex with men (MSM) in Slovenia during 1999-2008. HIV surveillance was based on universal mandatory reporting of HIV/AIDS cases, monitoring HIV infection prevalence among sentinel populations of MSM and STI patients and selected behaviour indicators in a sentinel population of MSM. Among 48 newly diagnosed HIV cases reported for 2008, 34 were MSM. Since 1999, the annual reported rate of HIV diagnoses in MSM rose from 7.1 to 46.8 per million men aged 15-64 years (an increase of more than six times). During 1999-2008, the proportion of MSM diagnosed with AIDS within three months of HIV diagnosis declined from 60% to 21%, however, the corresponding rate per million men aged 15-64 increased from 4.3 to 9.6. During 1999-2008, HIV preva... Eurosurveillance latest news journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3032127 Thu, 26 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3032127 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3032126&cid=s_33117_20_f&fid=33117&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosurveillance.org%2FViewArticle.aspx%3FArticleId%3D19417 This paper describes recent trends in the epidemiology of syphilis and gonorrhoea infections in Europe among men who have sex with men (MSM). Routine surveillance data submitted to the European Surveillance of Sexually Transmitted Infections (ESSTI) network from 24 European countries for the period 1998-2007 were analysed. Data on whether syphilis and gonorrhoea infections were in MSM were available for 12 and 10 countries respectively. The number of syphilis cases reported to be MSM increased considerably in all Western European countries. While in some Central and Eastern European countries the male to female ratio remained relatively stable at around 1:1, in Slovenia and Czech Republic the proportion of male cases increased and so did the percentage of cases reported to be MSM. More cas... Eurosurveillance latest news journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3032126 Thu, 26 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3032126 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3032125&cid=s_33117_20_f&fid=33117&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosurveillance.org%2FViewArticle.aspx%3FArticleId%3D19418 The objective was to investigate herpes simplex virus (HSV) epidemiology amongst HIV-positive and HIV-negative men who have sex with men (MSM) in England and Wales. Unlinked anonymous sera from 3,968 MSM attending 12 sexual health clinics in 2003 were tested for HIV, HSV-2 and HSV-1 antibodies. Fifty-five percent of HIV-positive MSM were HSV-2-seropositive, compared to 17% of HIV-negative MSM (Adj RR: 2.14 [CI: 1.92-2.37]). Amongst HIV-positive individuals, there was no significant difference in HSV-2 seroprevalence by knowledge of HIV status or whether the HIV infection was recently acquired (determined through STARHS). HIV infection was also independently associated with HSV-1 serostatus (Adj RR 1.19 [CI: 1.14-1.24)]). Four of the twelve attendees who received a diagnosis of recurrent an... Eurosurveillance latest news journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3032125 Thu, 26 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3032125 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3032124&cid=s_33117_20_f&fid=33117&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosurveillance.org%2FViewArticle.aspx%3FArticleId%3D19416 We examined whether men who have sex with men (MSM) in France have adopted serosorting with their casual partners, serosorting being one strategy to reduce the risk of HIV transmission. We expected to see the same predictors of this practice with casual partners in France as in other similar MSM communities (HIV-seropositive, Internet dating). Data from a cross-sectional survey was used, based on a self-administered questionnaire conducted among readers of the gay press and users of gay websites in 2004. The study population consisted of MSM who reported their HIV status, as well as the practice of unprotected anal intercourse (UAI) with a casual partner at least once during the previous 12 months. Among 881 respondents included in the analysis, 195 (22%) had practiced serosorting: 14% amo... Eurosurveillance latest news journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3032124 Thu, 26 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3032124 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3032123&cid=s_33117_20_f&fid=33117&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosurveillance.org%2FViewArticle.aspx%3FArticleId%3D19415 To evaluate the prevalence of sexual risk behaviours among men who have sex with men (MSM) in Catalonia and to identify sociodemographic, psychosocial, and behavioural factors associated with unprotected anal intercourse (UAI) with casual partners a convenience sample of 850 MSM was recruited in 2006. An anonymous questionnaire was used to explore risk behaviours during the previous 12 months. Logistic regression models were used to examine the variables associated with UAI. Mean age was 41 years and 20.4% were immigrants. Among those with casual partners (91.7% of all respondents), 31.4% had UAI. The multivariate analysis revealed that the likelihood of UAI was higher in men who were HIV-positive (OR: 1.77), used more than four drugs before sex (OR: 4.90 for +6), were not from Spain (OR: ... Eurosurveillance latest news journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3032123 Thu, 26 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3032123 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3032122&cid=s_33117_20_f&fid=33117&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosurveillance.org%2FViewArticle.aspx%3FArticleId%3D19414 This paper describes behavioural surveillance for HIV and sexually transmitted infections (STI) among men who have sex with men (MSM) in Europe, focusing on the methods and indicators used. In August 2008, questionnaires were sent to European Union Member States and European Free Trade Association countries seeking information on behavioural surveillance activities among eight population groups including MSM. Thirty-one countries were invited to take part in the survey and 27 returned a questionnaire on MSM. Of these 27 countries, 14 reported that there was a system of behavioural surveillance among MSM in their country while another four countries had conducted behavioural surveys of some kind in this subpopulation. In the absence of a sampling frame, all European countries used convenien... Eurosurveillance latest news journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3032122 Thu, 26 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3032122 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3032121&cid=s_33117_20_f&fid=33117&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosurveillance.org%2FViewArticle.aspx%3FArticleId%3D19413 An increase in HIV transmission among men who have sex with men (MSM) has been reported in eight regions of Spain from 2003 to 2007. In order to study the incidence of HIV-1 genetic forms in Galicia, northwest of Spain, in particular the spread of HIV-1 variants among MSM, 93 newly diagnosed HIV-1 patients, including those with acute and recently acquired infections, were studied for a year from August 2008 to August 2009. Thirty eight (41%) were MSM. Of them, nine (24%) were infected by non-B viruses, including seven different genetic forms. The analysis of transmission clusters showed that 23 (60%) MSM grouped in different clusters and mostly in large clusters. Resistance mutations were detected in six (16%) MSM. (Source: Eurosurveillance latest news) Eurosurveillance latest news journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3032121 Thu, 26 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3032121 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3032120&cid=s_33117_20_f&fid=33117&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosurveillance.org%2FViewArticle.aspx%3FArticleId%3D19422 HIV infections remain to be of major public health importance in Europe, with evidence of increasing transmission in several European countries. A total of 25,656 diagnosed cases of HIV infection were reported for 2008 by the countries of the European Union and European Economic Area (EU/EEA); data were not available from Austria, Denmark or Liechtenstein. The highest rates were reported by Estonia, Latvia, Portugal and the United Kingdom. In the EU/EEA, the predominant mode of transmission for HIV infection was sex among men who have sex with men (MSM, 40%) followed by heterosexual contact (29%), when cases in persons originating from countries with generalised epidemics were excluded. Injecting drug use accounted for 6% of the reported cases. Overall, despite incomplete reporting, the nu... Eurosurveillance latest news journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3032120 Thu, 26 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3032120 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3032119&cid=s_33117_20_f&fid=33117&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosurveillance.org%2FViewArticle.aspx%3FArticleId%3D19423 World Aids Day provides a good opportunity to take stock of the status of the HIV/AIDS epidemics in Europe and to reflect on achievements made and ongoing challenges. (Source: Eurosurveillance latest news) Eurosurveillance latest news journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3032119 Thu, 26 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3032119 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3010217&cid=s_33117_20_f&fid=33117&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosurveillance.org%2FViewArticle.aspx%3FArticleId%3D19411 (Source: Eurosurveillance latest news) Eurosurveillance latest news journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3010217 Thu, 19 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3010217 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3010216&cid=s_33117_20_f&fid=33117&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosurveillance.org%2FViewArticle.aspx%3FArticleId%3D19410 (Source: Eurosurveillance latest news) Eurosurveillance latest news journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3010216 Thu, 19 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3010216 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3010215&cid=s_33117_20_f&fid=33117&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosurveillance.org%2FViewArticle.aspx%3FArticleId%3D19407 This paper documents the progress of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine introduction in Belgium. Information on vaccine use is based on sales statistics and reimbursement claims. From November 2007 to November 2008, the National Institute for Health and Disability Insurance reimbursed the HPV vaccine for girls aged between 12-15 years. In December 2008, the age limit was extended to include girls up to the age of 18. In November 2008, the total number of HPV vaccines sold exceeded 530,000 doses. The number of vaccines reimbursed in Belgium, for the period November 2007-November 2008, corresponds to the amount required to fully vaccinate 44% of all girls aged between 12-15 years. However, the trend was decreasing over the last 10 months. By the current reimbursement policy, we can expect th... Eurosurveillance latest news journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3010215 Thu, 19 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3010215 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3010214&cid=s_33117_20_f&fid=33117&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosurveillance.org%2FViewArticle.aspx%3FArticleId%3D19412 (Source: Eurosurveillance latest news) Eurosurveillance latest news journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3010214 Thu, 19 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3010214 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3010213&cid=s_33117_20_f&fid=33117&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosurveillance.org%2FViewArticle.aspx%3FArticleId%3D19408 We describe the development and current organisation of surveillance of HAI in France and summarise key achievements and results. Surveillance of HAI is under the auspice of the national institute for public health surveillance through a central coordinating structure, the Réseau d'alerte, d'investigation et de surveillance des infections nosocomiales (RAISIN), which consists of five regional coordinating structures, two national advisory committees of the Ministry of Health and public health agencies. Surveillance includes the performance of national prevalence surveys every five years (latest in 2006), specific surveillance networks to follow trends and characterise HAI that are national priority, and mandatory reporting of HAI that meet specific criteria for alert purposes. RAISIN prio... Eurosurveillance latest news journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3010213 Thu, 19 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3010213 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3010212&cid=s_33117_20_f&fid=33117&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosurveillance.org%2FViewArticle.aspx%3FArticleId%3D19409 Analysis of all complete genome sequences of the pandemic influenza A(H1N1)v virus available as of 10 September 2009 revealed that two closely related but distinct clusters were circulating in most of the affected countries at the same time. The characteristic differences are located in genes encoding the two surface proteins - haemagglutinin and neuraminidase - and four internal proteins - the polymerase PB2 subunit, nucleoprotein, matrix protein M1 and the non-structural protein NS1. Phylogenetic inference was demonstrated by neighbour joining, maximum likelihood and Bayesian trees analyses of the involved genes and by tree construction of concatenated sequences. (Source: Eurosurveillance latest news) Eurosurveillance latest news journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3010212 Thu, 19 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3010212 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2986761&cid=s_33117_20_f&fid=33117&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosurveillance.org%2FViewArticle.aspx%3FArticleId%3D19399 (Source: Eurosurveillance latest news) Eurosurveillance latest news journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2986761 Thu, 12 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100 2986761 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2986760&cid=s_33117_20_f&fid=33117&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosurveillance.org%2FViewArticle.aspx%3FArticleId%3D19398 (Source: Eurosurveillance latest news) Eurosurveillance latest news journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2986760 Thu, 12 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100 2986760 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2986759&cid=s_33117_20_f&fid=33117&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosurveillance.org%2FViewArticle.aspx%3FArticleId%3D19401 (Source: Eurosurveillance latest news) Eurosurveillance latest news journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2986759 Thu, 12 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100 2986759 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2986758&cid=s_33117_20_f&fid=33117&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosurveillance.org%2FViewArticle.aspx%3FArticleId%3D19404 (Source: Eurosurveillance latest news) Eurosurveillance latest news journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2986758 Thu, 12 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100 2986758 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2986757&cid=s_33117_20_f&fid=33117&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosurveillance.org%2FViewArticle.aspx%3FArticleId%3D19403 From January 2008 to April 2009, 72 cases of severe Clostridium difficile infection were reported from 18 different districts in the state of Hesse, Germany. A total of 41 C. difficile isolates from 41 patients were subjected to PCR ribotyping. PCR ribotype (RT) 027 was the most prevalent strain accounting for 24 of 41 (59%) of typed isolates, followed by RT 001 (eight isolates, 20%), RT 017 and 042 (two isolates each), and RT 003, 066, 078, 081, and RKI-034 (one isolate each). Eighteen patients had died within 30 days after admission. C. difficile was reported as underlying cause of or contributing to death in 14 patients, indicating a case fatality rate of 19%. The patients with lethal outcome attributable to C. difficile were 59-89 years-old (median 78 years). Ribotyping results were av... Eurosurveillance latest news journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2986757 Thu, 12 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100 2986757 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2986756&cid=s_33117_20_f&fid=33117&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosurveillance.org%2FViewArticle.aspx%3FArticleId%3D19400 In late August and early September 2009, numerous larvae, pupae, and actively flying adult specimens of Ochlerotatus atropalpus were discovered in the Province of Brabant, southern Netherlands, during surveillance activities for Aedes albopictus at two trading companies that import used tires. No Ae. albopictus were found. Both companies mainly import used tires from countries in Europe, but also from North America. Oc. atropalpus is endemic to North America and has so far only been found outside of its endemic range in Europe, namely France and Italy, where it was subsequently eradicated. A preliminary modelling study shows that the weather conditions in the Netherlands are unlikely to prevent establishment of Oc. atropalpus. This species has so far only been shown to serve as a vector fo... Eurosurveillance latest news journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2986756 Thu, 12 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100 2986756 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2986755&cid=s_33117_20_f&fid=33117&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosurveillance.org%2FViewArticle.aspx%3FArticleId%3D19394 A family cluster of three cases of type E botulism were identified in south-east France in September 2009. The suspected food source of infection was a vacuum packed hot-smoked whitefish of Canadian origin purchased by the family during a visit to Finland and consumed several weeks later in France on the day prior to symptom onset. No leftover fish was available to confirm this hypothesis. Vacuum packed hot-smoked whitefish has previously been associated with cases of type E botulism in multiple countries, including Finland, Germany, the United States and Israel. (Source: Eurosurveillance latest news) Eurosurveillance latest news journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2986755 Thu, 12 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100 2986755 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2986754&cid=s_33117_20_f&fid=33117&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosurveillance.org%2FViewArticle.aspx%3FArticleId%3D19397 Since the start of 2009 H1N1 influenza pandemic, a notable surge in messages communicated through the Early Warning and Response System (EWRS) for the prevention and control of communicable diseases in the European Union has been recorded. In order to measure the impact of this increase on the reporting of other events, we compared the messages posted in the EWRS since April 2009 with those posted in the previous years (2004-2008). The analysis revealed that a ten-fold increase in messages was recorded during the pandemic period, from April to September 2009, and that the reporting of other threats dropped to a significantly low rate. These results suggest an important impact on the notification process of events in case of a situation requiring extensive mobilisation of public health reso... Eurosurveillance latest news journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2986754 Thu, 12 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100 2986754 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2986753&cid=s_33117_20_f&fid=33117&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosurveillance.org%2FViewArticle.aspx%3FArticleId%3D19406 In Norway there is an ongoing outbreak in pigs of infections with pandemic influenza A(H1N1)v virus. The first herd was confirmed positive on 10 October 2009. As of 26 October, a total of 23 herds have been diagnosed as positive. The majority of the herds seem to have been infected by humans. Sequence analysis of pig viruses from the index farm shows that they are identical or virtually identical to human viruses from the same geographical region. (Source: Eurosurveillance latest news) Eurosurveillance latest news journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2986753 Thu, 12 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100 2986753 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2986752&cid=s_33117_20_f&fid=33117&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosurveillance.org%2FViewArticle.aspx%3FArticleId%3D19396 Results from early clinical trials have shown that a single dose of pandemic H1N1 influenza vaccine may generate sufficient antibody response, but the relevance of this fact to public health decision making has yet to be clarified. The present study compares the risk of clinical attack (i.e. clinical attack rate) between one- and two-dose vaccination schemes. If the efficacies do not greatly vary between one- and two -dose schemes, one-dose vaccination may well be supported. Nevertheless, two-dose vaccination is shown to result in less morbidity if the vaccine efficacies are greatly diminished by reducing the dose. As long as the detailed efficacy estimates rest on theoretical assumptions, single-dose vaccination may only be sufficiently justified in a specific setting where the number of ... Eurosurveillance latest news journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2986752 Thu, 12 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100 2986752 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2986751&cid=s_33117_20_f&fid=33117&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosurveillance.org%2FViewArticle.aspx%3FArticleId%3D19402 After the first outbreaks of Clostridium difficile PCR ribotype 027 (North American pulsed-field type 1, restriction endonuclease analysis group BI) in the Netherlands in 2005, a national surveillance programme for C. difficile infection (CDI) was started. Furthermore, national guidelines were developed to rapidly recognise type 027 infections and prevent further spread. The mean incidence of CDI measured in 14 hospitals remained stable throughout the years: an incidence of 18 per 10,000 admissions was seen in 2007 and 2008. Between April 2005 and June 2009 a total of 2,788 samples were available for PCR ribotyping. A decrease was seen in the number and incidence of type 027 after the second half of 2006. In the first half of 2009, the percentage of type 027 isolates among all CDI decrease... Eurosurveillance latest news journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2986751 Thu, 12 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100 2986751 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2986750&cid=s_33117_20_f&fid=33117&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosurveillance.org%2FViewArticle.aspx%3FArticleId%3D19393 A survey was performed among European intensive care physicians to obtain information about their perception and experience with selected antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Seventy-eight out of 95 (82%) participants considered having to deal with infections due to antibiotic-resistant bacteria in the intensive care unit where they work was a major or significant problem. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and third-generation cephalosporin-resistant Enterobacteriaceae were the most frequently reported antibiotic-resistant bacteria with 69 (73%) and 67 (71%) participants reporting having treated at least one patient with such an infection during the preceding six months, respectively. Antibiotic-resistant Gram-negative bacteria, including carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae,... Eurosurveillance latest news journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2986750 Thu, 12 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100 2986750 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2986749&cid=s_33117_20_f&fid=33117&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosurveillance.org%2FViewArticle.aspx%3FArticleId%3D19405 (Source: Eurosurveillance latest news) Eurosurveillance latest news journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2986749 Thu, 12 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100 2986749 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2965069&cid=s_33117_20_f&fid=33117&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosurveillance.org%2FViewArticle.aspx%3FArticleId%3D19392 (Source: Eurosurveillance latest news) Eurosurveillance latest news journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2965069 Thu, 05 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100 2965069 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2965068&cid=s_33117_20_f&fid=33117&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosurveillance.org%2FViewArticle.aspx%3FArticleId%3D19390 (Source: Eurosurveillance latest news) Eurosurveillance latest news journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2965068 Thu, 05 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100 2965068 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2965067&cid=s_33117_20_f&fid=33117&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosurveillance.org%2FViewArticle.aspx%3FArticleId%3D19387 Standard sources of data for influenza surveillance include notifications of laboratory-confirmed cases and notifications from sentinel general practices. These data are not always available in a timely fashion, leading to proposals to use more immediate data sources such as over-the-counter drug sales, ambulance call-outs and web searches to monitor influenza-like illness (ILI). We aimed to assess data from a deputising medical service as another source of data for timely syndromic influenza surveillance. We measured the extent of agreement between the weekly percentage of patients with ILI reported from sentinel general practices and the corresponding weekly percentage reported from a deputising medical service in Victoria, Australia over ten years, from 1999 to 2008. There was good agre... Eurosurveillance latest news journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2965067 Thu, 05 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100 2965067 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2965066&cid=s_33117_20_f&fid=33117&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosurveillance.org%2FViewArticle.aspx%3FArticleId%3D19388 Within I-MOVE (European programme to monitor seasonal and pandemic influenza vaccine effectiveness (IVE)) five countries conducted IVE pilot case-control studies in 2008-9. One hundred and sixty sentinel general practitioners (GP) swabbed all elderly consulting for influenza-like illness (ILI). Influenza confirmed cases were compared to influenza negative controls. We conducted a pooled analysis to obtain a summary IVE in the age group of ?65 years. We measured IVE in each study and assessed heterogeneity between studies qualitatively and using the I2 index. We used a one-stage pooled model with study as a fixed effect. We adjusted estimates for age-group, sex, chronic diseases, smoking, functional status, previous influenza vaccinations and previous hospitalisations. The pooled analysis ... Eurosurveillance latest news journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2965066 Thu, 05 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100 2965066 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2965065&cid=s_33117_20_f&fid=33117&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosurveillance.org%2FViewArticle.aspx%3FArticleId%3D19384 In 2009, six new human cases of West Nile neuroinvasive disease (WNND) were identified in Veneto region, following the six cases already reported in 2008. A human West Nile virus (WNV) isolate was obtained for the first time from an asymptomatic blood donor. Whole genome sequence of the human WNV isolate showed close phylogenetic relatedness to the Italy-1998-WNV strain and to other WNV strains recently isolated in Europe, with the new acquisition of the NS3-Thr249Pro mutation, a trait associated with avian virulence, increased virus transmission, and the occurrence of outbreaks in humans. (Source: Eurosurveillance latest news) Eurosurveillance latest news journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2965065 Thu, 05 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100 2965065 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2965064&cid=s_33117_20_f&fid=33117&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosurveillance.org%2FViewArticle.aspx%3FArticleId%3D19383 Five cases of trichinellosis with onset of symptoms in September 2009, were reported in France, and were probably linked to the consumption of meat from a grizzly bear in Cambridge Bay in Nunavut, Canada. Travellers should be aware of the risks of eating raw or rare meat products in arctic regions, particularly game meat such as bear or walrus meat. (Source: Eurosurveillance latest news) Eurosurveillance latest news journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2965064 Thu, 05 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100 2965064 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2965063&cid=s_33117_20_f&fid=33117&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosurveillance.org%2FViewArticle.aspx%3FArticleId%3D19386 For the period of the spread of pandemic H1N1 influenza in New Zealand during 2009, we compared results from Google Flu Trends with data from existing surveillance systems. The patterns from Google Flu Trends were closely aligned with (peaking a week before and a week after) two independent national surveillance systems for influenza-like illness (ILI) cases. It was much less congruent with (delayed by three weeks) data from ILI-related calls to a national free-phone Healthline and with media coverage of pandemic influenza. Some patterns were unique to Google Flu Trends and may not have reflected the actual ILI burden in the community. Overall, Google Flu Trends appears to provide a useful free surveillance system but it should probably be seen as supplementary rather than as an alternativ... Eurosurveillance latest news journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2965063 Thu, 05 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100 2965063 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2965062&cid=s_33117_20_f&fid=33117&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosurveillance.org%2FViewArticle.aspx%3FArticleId%3D19385 The first outbreak of pandemic H1N1 influenza in Japan was contained in the Kansai region in May 2009 by social distancing measures. Modelling methods are needed to estimate the validity of these measures before their implementation on a large scale. We estimated the transmission coefficient from outbreaks of pandemic H1N1 influenza among school children in Japan in summer 2009; using this transmission coefficient, we simulated the spread of pandemic H1N1 influenza in a virtual community called the virtual Chuo Line which models an area to the west of metropolitan Tokyo. Measures evaluated in our simulation included: isolation at home, school closure, post-exposure prophylaxis and mass vaccinations of school children. We showed that post-exposure prophylaxis combined with isolation at home... Eurosurveillance latest news journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2965062 Thu, 05 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100 2965062 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2965061&cid=s_33117_20_f&fid=33117&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosurveillance.org%2FViewArticle.aspx%3FArticleId%3D19389 From 28 April 2009 to 3 October 2009, 205 cases of confirmed pandemic H1N1 influenza were hospitalised in Ireland. Detailed case-based epidemiological information was gathered on all hospitalised cases. Age-specific hospitalisation rates were highest in the age group of 15 to 19 year-olds and lowest in those aged 65 years and over. Nineteen hospitalised cases (9%) were admitted to intensive care units (ICU) where the median length of stay was 24 days. Four hospitalised cases (2%) died. Fifty-one percent of hospitalised cases and 42% of ICU cases were not in a recognised risk group. Asthma was the most common risk factor among cases; however, people with haemoglobinopathies and immunosuppression were the most over-represented groups. (Source: Eurosurveillance latest news) Eurosurveillance latest news journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2965061 Thu, 05 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100 2965061 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2965060&cid=s_33117_20_f&fid=33117&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosurveillance.org%2FViewArticle.aspx%3FArticleId%3D19391 (Source: Eurosurveillance latest news) Eurosurveillance latest news journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2965060 Thu, 05 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100 2965060 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2936504&cid=s_33117_20_f&fid=33117&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosurveillance.org%2FViewArticle.aspx%3FArticleId%3D19382 (Source: Eurosurveillance latest news) Eurosurveillance latest news journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2936504 Thu, 29 Oct 2009 00:00:00 +0100 2936504 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2936503&cid=s_33117_20_f&fid=33117&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosurveillance.org%2FViewArticle.aspx%3FArticleId%3D19380 (Source: Eurosurveillance latest news) Eurosurveillance latest news journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2936503 Thu, 29 Oct 2009 00:00:00 +0100 2936503 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2936502&cid=s_33117_20_f&fid=33117&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosurveillance.org%2FViewArticle.aspx%3FArticleId%3D19379 (Source: Eurosurveillance latest news) Eurosurveillance latest news journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2936502 Thu, 29 Oct 2009 00:00:00 +0100 2936502 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2936501&cid=s_33117_20_f&fid=33117&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosurveillance.org%2FViewArticle.aspx%3FArticleId%3D19373 In conclusion, when used in healthcare workers, in vitro assays may provide a significant increase of specificity for tuberculosis infection compared to TST, even among non vaccinated individuals, at the cost of some sensitivity. (Source: Eurosurveillance latest news) Eurosurveillance latest news journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2936501 Thu, 29 Oct 2009 00:00:00 +0100 2936501 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2936500&cid=s_33117_20_f&fid=33117&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosurveillance.org%2FViewArticle.aspx%3FArticleId%3D19372 In January 2008, we investigated a cluster of neonates with bullous impetigo in a hospital of northern Thailand in order to control the outbreak and identify a potential source of the infection. We reviewed medical records and working timetables of healthcare workers (HCWs) and conducted a case-control study. We performed an environmental study and took bacteriological samples from HCWs and equipments. According to our case definitions, we identified 16 confirmed cases and 14 probable cases. The attack rate was 42%. Most cases had skin blisters (28 cases) followed by pustules (five cases) and exfoliation (three cases). The location of the lesion was the trunk (17 cases), neck (14 cases) or armpits (nine cases). Nineteen cases had symptoms onset after discharge from hospital. Median age at ... Eurosurveillance latest news journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2936500 Thu, 29 Oct 2009 00:00:00 +0100 2936500 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2936499&cid=s_33117_20_f&fid=33117&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosurveillance.org%2FViewArticle.aspx%3FArticleId%3D19375 This article describes the development of training in applied epidemiology in Europe and outlines the current situation in Europe with a view of how the system can be improved to meet future challenges. (Source: Eurosurveillance latest news) Eurosurveillance latest news journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2936499 Thu, 29 Oct 2009 00:00:00 +0100 2936499 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2936498&cid=s_33117_20_f&fid=33117&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosurveillance.org%2FViewArticle.aspx%3FArticleId%3D19374 This article examines the achievements of the EPIET programme after its transition to ECDC and provides an outlook on its future. (Source: Eurosurveillance latest news) Eurosurveillance latest news journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2936498 Thu, 29 Oct 2009 00:00:00 +0100 2936498 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2936497&cid=s_33117_20_f&fid=33117&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosurveillance.org%2FViewArticle.aspx%3FArticleId%3D19381 We analyse activities and outputs of fellows of the European Programme for Intervention Epidemiology Training (EPIET) between 1995 and 2008 and describe the employment history of graduates after the training to demonstrate the contribution of this programme and of national EPIET-associated programmes to the public health workforce in the European Union and Norway. Up to 2008, some 161 fellows entered the training: 121 in EPIET and 40 in EPIET-associated programmes. Of these 149 were awarded a diploma. Fellows engaged in projects in all areas of surveillance, in outbreaks and field investigations and produced 340 publications in peer-reviewed journals. Seventy fellows were sent to 98 individual assignments on 65 international missions. The vast majority of graduates (90%) take up a position... Eurosurveillance latest news journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2936497 Thu, 29 Oct 2009 00:00:00 +0100 2936497 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2936496&cid=s_33117_20_f&fid=33117&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosurveillance.org%2FViewArticle.aspx%3FArticleId%3D19378 From 1994 to 2009, national field epidemiology training programmes (FETP) have been installed in Spain, Germany, Italy, France and Norway. During their two year duration, different components of the FETP are devised as follows: 63-79 weeks are spent on projects in hosting institutes, 2-26 weeks in outside projects, 9-30 weeks in courses and modules, and 1-2 weeks in scientific conferences. A considerable proportion of the Spanish FETP has is provided conventional 'class room training'. The content of the modules is very similar for all programmes. Except from the Italian programme, all focus on infectious disease epidemiology. The German and Norwegian programmes are so called EPIET-associated programmesas their participants are integrated in the modules and the supervision offered by EPIET... Eurosurveillance latest news journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2936496 Thu, 29 Oct 2009 00:00:00 +0100 2936496 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2936495&cid=s_33117_20_f&fid=33117&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosurveillance.org%2FViewArticle.aspx%3FArticleId%3D19377 (Source: Eurosurveillance latest news) Eurosurveillance latest news journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2936495 Thu, 29 Oct 2009 00:00:00 +0100 2936495 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2936494&cid=s_33117_20_f&fid=33117&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosurveillance.org%2FViewArticle.aspx%3FArticleId%3D19376 (Source: Eurosurveillance latest news) Eurosurveillance latest news journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2936494 Thu, 29 Oct 2009 00:00:00 +0100 2936494 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2917987&cid=s_33117_20_f&fid=33117&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosurveillance.org%2FViewArticle.aspx%3FArticleId%3D19367 (Source: Eurosurveillance latest news) Eurosurveillance latest news journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2917987 Thu, 22 Oct 2009 00:00:00 +0100 2917987 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2917986&cid=s_33117_20_f&fid=33117&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosurveillance.org%2FViewArticle.aspx%3FArticleId%3D19366 There are few structured data available to assess the risks associated with pandemic influenza A(H1N1)v infection according to ethnic groups. In countries of the Americas and the Pacific where these data are available, the attack rates are higher in indigenous populations, who also appear to be at approximately three to six-fold higher risk of developing severe disease and of dying. These observations may be associated with documented risk factors for severe disease and death associated with pandemic H1N1 influenza infection (especially the generally higher prevalence of diabetes, obesity, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and pregnancy in indigenous populations). More speculative factors include those associated with the risk of infection (e.g. family size, crowding and povert... Eurosurveillance latest news journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2917986 Thu, 22 Oct 2009 00:00:00 +0100 2917986 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2917985&cid=s_33117_20_f&fid=33117&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosurveillance.org%2FViewArticle.aspx%3FArticleId%3D19363 Australia was one of the first countries of the southern hemisphere to experience influenza A(H1N1)v with community transmission apparent in Victoria, Australia, by 22 May 2009. With few identified imported cases, the epidemic spread through schools and communities leading to 897 confirmed cases by 3 June 2009. The estimated reproduction ratio up to 31 May 2009 was 2.4 (95% credible interval (CI): 2.1-2.6). Methods designed to account for undetected transmission reduce this estimate to 1.6 (95% CI: 1.5-1.8). Time varying reproduction ratio estimates show a steady decline in observed transmission over the first 14 days of the epidemic. This could be accounted for by ascertainment bias or a true impact of interventions including antiviral prophylaxis, treatment and school closure. Most cases... Eurosurveillance latest news journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2917985 Thu, 22 Oct 2009 00:00:00 +0100 2917985