MedWorm.com provides a medical RSS filtering service. Over 6000 RSS medical sources are combined and output via different filters. This feed contains the latest items from the 'Experimental Gerontology' source. Wed, 08 Feb 2012 16:54:24 +0100 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5663481&cid=s_35566_18_f&fid=35566&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22297108%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Delbono O, Messi ML, Wang ZM, Treves S, Mosca B, Bergamelli L, Nishi M, Takeshima H, Shi H, Xue B, Zorzato F Abstract The decline in muscular strength with age is disproportionate to the loss in total muscle mass that causes it. Knocking out JP45, an integral protein of the junctional face membrane of the skeletal muscle sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR), results in decreased expression of the voltage-gated Ca(2+) channel, Ca(v)1.1; excitation-contraction uncoupling (ECU); and loss of muscle force (Delbono et al., 2007). Here, we show that Ca(v)1.1 expression, charge movement, SR Ca(2+) release, in vitro contractile force, and sustained forced running remain stable in male JP45KO mice at 12 and 18months. They also exhibit the level of ECU reported for 3-4-month mice (Delbono et ... Experimental Gerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5663481 Wed, 25 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5663481 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5663482&cid=s_35566_18_f&fid=35566&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22289381%26dopt%3DAbstract This study evaluates a device capable of this overloading (a motor-driven and computer-controlled leg press) to develop recommendations for future training interventions. Unimpaired younger and older men and women (7/group, total n=28) performed three maximal-effort trials for both directions of footplate motion (IN and OUT) at three speed profiles (knee rotation speeds of 15, 25, and 35°/s) on a motor-driven and computer-controlled leg press. Normalized forces were tested for effects of age group, sex, direction of footplate motion, and knee rotation speed. Peak forces were 57% greater for younger and 20% greater for IN. Trends of greater IN relative to OUT forces (IN overloading) were present in women, but this was due to an inverse correlation between strength and IN overloading that w... Experimental Gerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5663482 Fri, 20 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5663482 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5626573&cid=s_35566_18_f&fid=35566&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22269334%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Lai WF Abstract Protein kinases are enzymes that catalyze the transfer of γ phosphate from adenosine triphosphate to substrate proteins, and are important signal transduction mediators in a diversity of biological processes, ranging from apoptosis to energy metabolism. In this article, we will take this prominent class of proteins as an example to illustrate the involvement of proteins in modulation of aging and to highlight the prospects and challenges of protein-targeted interventions for anti-aging. It is hoped that through this article, more empirical work on interventive gerontology will follow, and with collaborative endeavors among researchers, hurdles in anti-aging intervention development can be overcome in the near future. PMID: 22269334 [PubMed - as supplie... Experimental Gerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5626573 Tue, 17 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5626573 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5626574&cid=s_35566_18_f&fid=35566&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22265801%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Hemmeryckx B, Hoylaerts MF, Lijnen HR Abstract To evaluate the effect of aging on adipose tissue development, subcutaneous (SC) and gonadal (GON) white and peri-aortic brown adipose tissues were analyzed of 10 and 30week old mice deficient in the clock gene Bmal1 (brain and muscle arnt like protein 1) (Bmal1(-/-)) and wild-type littermates (Bmal1(+/+)) kept on a standard fat diet. At both ages, daily food intake was significantly decreased for Bmal1(-/-) mice, associated with reduced hypothalamic expression of PPARα. Between 10 and 30weeks of age, the total body weight of Bmal1(+/+) mice increased significantly, but that of Bmal1(-/-) mice did not change. Whereas for Bmal1(+/+) mice, both SC and GON fat mass increased with age, these decreased for Bmal1(-/-) mice. This wa... Experimental Gerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5626574 Thu, 12 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5626574 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5607213&cid=s_35566_18_f&fid=35566&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22244837%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, we found that adding 10μM water-soluble CoQ(10) to the culture medium of clk-1 mutant nematodes that were fed a diet of standard bacteria restored the pharyngeal pumping, defecation and the lifespan to levels that were comparable to those of wild-type animals. The results indicate that both behavioral rates and lifespan are regulated by the clk-1 gene through the action of CoQ in nematodes. PMID: 22244837 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Experimental Gerontology) Experimental Gerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5607213 Thu, 05 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5607213 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5607212&cid=s_35566_18_f&fid=35566&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22245785%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Hoffmann M, Honnen S, Mayatepek E, Wätjen W, Koopman WJ, Bossinger O, Distelmaier F Abstract Caenorhabditis elegans open reading frame T21C9.1 encodes an uncharacterized protein, which is here named MICS-1 (mitochondrial scaffolding protein-1). It is predicted to be the homolog of human outer mitochondrial membrane protein 25 (OMP25 or synaptojanin-2-binding protein), which is a PDZ domain containing protein with a putative role in cellular stress response pathways. Here, we provide evidence that MICS-1 is an interacting partner of the mitochondrial protein ATAD-3 (homologue of human ATAD3), which is essential for C. elegans development. We demonstrate that mics-1(RNAi) animals or mics-1 mutants display enhanced longevity with an increased mean lifespan of up to 54% compa... Experimental Gerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5607212 Thu, 05 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5607212 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5580193&cid=s_35566_18_f&fid=35566&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22230488%26dopt%3DAbstract We examined the influence of healthy aging on the capability of acute exercise to improve cognition, and whether exercise-induced improvements in cognition are related to CBF and cortical hemodynamics. Middle cerebral artery blood flow velocity (MCAv; Doppler) and cortical hemodynamics (NIRS) were measured in 13 young (24±5 y) and 9 older (62±3 y) participants at rest and during cycling at 30% and 70% of heart rate range (HRR). Cognitive performance was assessed using a computer-adapted Stroop task (i.e., test of executive function cognition) at rest and during exercise. Average response times on the Stroop task were slower for the older compared to younger group for both simple and difficult tasks (P<0.01). Independent of age, difficult-task response times improved during exercise (P... Experimental Gerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5580193 Mon, 02 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5580193 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5580192&cid=s_35566_18_f&fid=35566&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22230489%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Montgomery MK, Buttemer WA, Hulbert AJ Abstract The oxidative damage hypothesis of ageing posits that the accumulation of oxidative damage is a determinant of an animal species' maximum lifespan potential (MLSP). Recent findings in extremely long-living mammal species such as naked mole-rats challenge this proposition. Among birds, parrots are exceptionally long-living with an average MLSP of 25years, and with some species living more than 70years. By contrast, quail are among the shortest living bird species, averaging about 5-fold lower MLSP than parrots. To test if parrots have correspondingly (i) superior antioxidant protection and (ii) lower levels of oxidative damage compared to similar-sized quail, we measured (i) total antioxidant capacity, uric acid and reduced gl... Experimental Gerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5580192 Mon, 02 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5580192 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5580191&cid=s_35566_18_f&fid=35566&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22234287%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Pereira A, Izquierdo M, Silva AJ, Costa AM, Bastos E, González-Badillo JJ, Marques MC Abstract The purpose of the study was to examine the effects of 12weeks high-speed power training on isometric contraction (handgrip strength), maximal strength (1RM), muscle power (walking velocity, counter movement jump and ball throwing) and functional tasks of the arm and leg muscles (sit-to-stand and get-up and go). Fifty-six older women were divided into an experimental group and a control group [EG, n=28, 62.5 (5.4) years; CG: n=28, 62.5 (4.3) years]. The EG was submitted to a high-speed power training that consisted of 40% of one repetition maximum (1<RM) to 75% of 1RM); 3 sets 4-12 reps, countermovement jump and medicine ball (1.5kg) throwing. Over the 12-week training period... Experimental Gerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5580191 Mon, 02 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5580191 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5580194&cid=s_35566_18_f&fid=35566&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22226625%26dopt%3DAbstract This study investigates whether elderly patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) are characterized by distinct clinical and pathologic features and different clinical course after resection. Special emphasis is placed on disease recurrence, which is an important, but rarely described parameter for biological tumor behavior. Sex, stage, histology, differentiation grade, smoking status, performance status, hemoglobin, C-reactive protein, lactate dehydrogenase, Ki-67 index, recurrent disease and overall survival were analyzed in 383 surgically resected NSCLC patients. Calculations were performed comparing patients <70 to >70years. A postoperative follow-up period of 15years enabled detailed correlations. Rate of disease recurrence and disease-free survival did not differ between... Experimental Gerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5580194 Thu, 29 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5580194 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5580195&cid=s_35566_18_f&fid=35566&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22226624%26dopt%3DAbstract We describe changes in ETS(ab) fiber CSA and determined that CR fibers respond differently to the challenge of mitochondrial deficiency. Fiber counts of intact rectus femoris muscles revealed that muscle fiber density was preserved in old CR animals. We suggest that muscle fibers from CR animals are better poised to endure and adapt to changes in muscle mass than those of Control animals. PMID: 22226624 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Experimental Gerontology) Experimental Gerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5580195 Wed, 28 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5580195 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5580196&cid=s_35566_18_f&fid=35566&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22222317%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Sfar S, El Heni J, Laporte F, Braham H, Jawed A, Amor S, Sfar MT, Kerkeni A Abstract Micronutrients as well as essential fatty acids are indispensable for the correct functioning of the organism. The risk of disturbance in the associated nutrition and metabolism is expected to increase during ageing. In addition, it seems that trace elements are involved in the fatty acids metabolism. The aim of the present study was then to assess age-related changes in trace elements status and in plasma essential fatty acids composition with an emphasis on the desaturase activity estimation. Two hundred healthy Tunisian subjects (30-85years old) were recruited and separated into two subgroups: elderly (65-85years old) and middle-aged (30-60years old). The findings revealed that plasma z... Experimental Gerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5580196 Tue, 27 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5580196 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5568551&cid=s_35566_18_f&fid=35566&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22212533%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Saharia K, Arya U, Kumar R, Sahu R, Das CK, Gupta K, Dwivedi H, Subramaniam JR Abstract Aging is a debilitating process often associated with chronic diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's disease (AD). AD occurs at a very high incidence posing a huge burden to the society. Model organisms such as C. elegans become essential to understand aging or lifespan extension - the etiology, molecular mechanism and identification of new drugs against age associated diseases. The AD model, manifesting Aβ proteotoxicity, in C. elegans is well established and has provided valuable insights. Earlier, we have reported that Reserpine, an FDA-approved antihypertensive drug, increases C. elegans lifespan with a high quality of life and ame... Experimental Gerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5568551 Mon, 26 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5568551 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5568552&cid=s_35566_18_f&fid=35566&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22212532%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Richie JP, Das A, Calcagnotto AM, Aliaga CA, El-Bayoumy K Abstract Aging represents a major risk factor for prostate cancer; however, mechanisms responsible for this relationship remain unclear. Preclinical and some clinical investigations support the protective role of selenium against prostate cancer possibly through the reduction of oxidative stress. While increased levels of oxidative stress together with decreases in selenium and the major cellular antioxidant glutathione (GSH) are common in tissues of old animals, there is little data available on these parameters in the prostate. In the present study we have compared the levels of selenium, GSH and protein-bound GSH (GSSP) in blood and prostate tissues in young (4-month), mature (12-month), old (18month), and very o... Experimental Gerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5568552 Sat, 24 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5568552 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5568554&cid=s_35566_18_f&fid=35566&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22210125%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSION: The SNP in ADARB2 related to longevity is associated with metabolic disorders. This finding suggests that genetic factors modulate human longevity via the regulation of metabolic factors such as abdominal obesity and lipid profiles. PMID: 22210125 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Experimental Gerontology) Experimental Gerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5568554 Thu, 22 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5568554 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5568553&cid=s_35566_18_f&fid=35566&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22210159%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, in this pilot study, patients with AD or MCI that later converted to AD had similar LTL as healthy controls. Patients with stable MCI that did not progress to dementia had reduced LTL compared to controls, which might suggest a more marked biological aging as a cause of the cognitive symptoms in this group. PMID: 22210159 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Experimental Gerontology) Experimental Gerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5568553 Thu, 22 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5568553 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5552870&cid=s_35566_18_f&fid=35566&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22197903%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Peng C, Zuo Y, Kwan KM, Liang Y, Ma KY, Chan HY, Huang Y, Yu H, Chen ZY Abstract Blueberry possesses greater antioxidant capacity than most other fruits and vegetables. The present study investigated the lifespan-prolonging activity of blueberry extracts in fruit flies and explored its underlying mechanism. Results revealed that blueberry extracts at 5mg/ml in diet could significantly extend the mean lifespan of fruit flies by 10%, accompanied by up-regulating gene expression of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and Rpn11 and down-regulating Methuselah (MTH) gene. Intensive H(2)O(2) and Paraquat challenge tests showed that lifespan was only extended in Oregon-R wild type flies but not in SOD(n108) or Cat(n1) mutant strains. Chronic Paraquat exposure shortened the ... Experimental Gerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5552870 Sat, 17 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5552870 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5538587&cid=s_35566_18_f&fid=35566&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22178632%26dopt%3DAbstract This study investigated the effects of different intra-session exercise sequences in the cardiovascular and neuromuscular adaptations induced by concurrent training in elderly. Twenty-six healthy elderly men (64.7±4.1years), were randomly placed into two concurrent training groups: strength training prior to (SE, n=13) or after (ES, n=13) endurance training. Subjects trained strength and endurance training 3 times per week performing both exercise types in the same training session. The peak oxygen uptake (VO(2peak)), maximum aerobic workload (W(máx)), absolute (VT(1) and VT(2)) and relative (VT(1)% and VT(2)%) ventilatory thresholds, as well as workloads at VT(1) and VT(2) (W(VT1) and W(VT2)) were evaluated during a maximal incremental test on a cycle ergometer before and after the trai... Experimental Gerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5538587 Fri, 09 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5538587 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5538586&cid=s_35566_18_f&fid=35566&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22178633%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, the telomere length is age-dependent in monocytes, decreased in AD patients, which could mean that the AD pathology may contribute to telomere length shortening. The high variability of telomere lengths in individuals suggests that it will not be useful as a general biomarker for AD. However, it could become a biomarker in personalized long-term monitoring of an individuals' health. PMID: 22178633 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Experimental Gerontology) Experimental Gerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5538586 Thu, 08 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5538586 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5516193&cid=s_35566_18_f&fid=35566&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22155690%26dopt%3DAbstract This study revealed that the bone trabeculae of elderly women express less elastic behavior at the material level, which makes them more vulnerable to unusual impact loads originating from a fall. The observed age-related structural and mechanical alteration at the bone material level adds new evidence for understanding why hip fractures are more frequent in elderly women. PMID: 22155690 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Experimental Gerontology) Experimental Gerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5516193 Sun, 04 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5516193 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5516194&cid=s_35566_18_f&fid=35566&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22143179%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Quintas A, de Solís AJ, Díez-Guerra FJ, Carrascosa JM, Bogónez E Abstract We have studied the effect of aging and late onset caloric restriction (CR) on the expression of SIRT1 in hippocampus and cerebral cortex of the rat. Quantitative analysis showed that there is a significant reduction of SIRT1 protein levels in hippocampus with aging. Late onset, moderate CR prevented the deleterious effect of aging on SIRT1 content. Examination of SIRT1 immunoreactivity in coronal sections from hippocampus supported these results, and confirmed that old animals are able to respond to the beneficial effects of CR by regulating SIRT1 protein expression. Differences in the amounts of SIRT1 transcripts among animal groups were not found, which suggest that post-transcriptional mechani... Experimental Gerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5516194 Sat, 26 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5516194 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5516195&cid=s_35566_18_f&fid=35566&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22137892%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, we analyzed the replicative life span of 73 yeast deletion mutants lacking the genes of the mitochondrial electron transfer chain system, and found that nine of these mutants (Δnde1, Δtcm62, Δrip1, Δcyt1, Δqrc8, Δpet117, Δcox11, Δatp11, Δfmc1) had significantly shorter life spans. These mutants had lower rates of respiration and were slightly sensitive to exogenous administration of hydrogen peroxide. However, only two of them, Δnde1 and Δfmc1, produced higher amounts of intrinsic superoxide radicals in the presence of glucose compared to that of wild type cells. Interestingly, there were no significant alterations in the mitochondrial membrane potentials of these mutants. We speculate that the shorter life spans of ETC mutants result from multiple mechanisms incl... Experimental Gerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5516195 Fri, 25 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5516195 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5463379&cid=s_35566_18_f&fid=35566&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22123428%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, present results demonstrate that the relationship between lower levels of serum IL-6 and higher values of physical fitness in asymptomatic women is independent of age, body composition, and lifestyle, endocrine and metabolic confounders. It remains to be determined whether the inverse relationship between IL-6 and fitness reflects the presence of preclinical inflammatory diseases that could potentially influence fitness in asymptomatic women. PMID: 22123428 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Experimental Gerontology) Experimental Gerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5463379 Wed, 23 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5463379 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5463378&cid=s_35566_18_f&fid=35566&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22123429%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Montgomery MK, Hulbert AJ, Buttemer WA Abstract Mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) production rates are reported to be inversely related to maximum lifespan potential (MLSP) in mammals and also to be higher in short-living mammals compared to short-living birds. The mammal-bird comparison, however, is mainly based on studies of rats and pigeons. To date, there has been no systematic examination of ROS production in birds that differ in MLSP. Here we report a comparison of mitochondrial ROS production in two short-living (quails) and three long-living bird species (parrots) that exhibit, on average, a 5-fold longevity difference. Mitochondrial ROS production was determined both in isolated mitochondria (heart, skeletal muscle and liver) as traditionally done and al... Experimental Gerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5463378 Mon, 21 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5463378 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5463377&cid=s_35566_18_f&fid=35566&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22123430%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Murakami H, Guillet C, Tardif N, Salles J, Migné C, Boirie Y, Walrand S Abstract Post-translational oxidative protein modifications which are more marked during aging and/or high-calorie (HC) diets affect protein function and metabolism. Protein function and metabolism are different according to the type of muscle proteins. Oxidative muscle protein modifications may thus be associated with age-related sarcopenia, and HC may be implicated in the development of sarcopenia by emphasizing protein modifications. Understanding the role of protein modifications in the process of sarcopenia and metabolism associated with a high fat diet may be elucidated by investigations with skeletal muscle protein subfractionations. To study this hypothesis, carbonylated protein (CP) and 3-nit... Experimental Gerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5463377 Mon, 21 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5463377 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5463376&cid=s_35566_18_f&fid=35566&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22123431%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSIONS: Our findings support suggestions that low levels of vitamin D may be associated with reduced cognitive functioning in the elderly. PMID: 22123431 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Experimental Gerontology) Experimental Gerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5463376 Mon, 21 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5463376 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5463382&cid=s_35566_18_f&fid=35566&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22100319%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study we investigated the associations between inflammatory markers, candidate polymorphisms and physical performance in elderly people. Plasma levels of TNF-α, IL-6, CRP, fibrinogen, sICAM-1 and candidate polymorphisms were measured in 600 twin individuals aged 73years and older participating in the Longitudinal Study of Aging Danish Twins. Physical performance was assessed using a self-reported measure. The inclusion of twins allowed both traditional and within-twin-pair analysis which permitted control for shared environment and genetic factors. Higher levels of inflammatory markers were generally associated with a lower level of physical performance. The TNFα-238G/A polymorphism was significantly associated with physical performance in men, with A allele carriers having signi... Experimental Gerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5463382 Sat, 12 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5463382 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5463381&cid=s_35566_18_f&fid=35566&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22100641%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Huhn R, Weber NC, Preckel B, Schlack W, Bauer I, Hollmann MW, Heinen A Abstract Helium induces preconditioning (He-PC) by mitochondrial calcium-sensitive potassium (mK(Ca)) channel-activation, but this effect is lost in the aged myocardium. Both, the upstream signalling pathway of He-PC and the underlying mechanisms for an age-related loss of preconditioning are unknown. A possible candidate as upstream regulator of mK(Ca) channels is protein kinase A (PKA). We investigated whether 1) regulation of PKA is involved in He-PC and 2) regulation of PKA is age-dependent. Young (2-3months) and aged (22-24months) Wistar rats were randomised to eight groups (each n=8). All animals underwent 25min regional myocardial ischemia and 120min reperfusion. Control (Con, Age Con) animals we... Experimental Gerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5463381 Sat, 12 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5463381 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5463380&cid=s_35566_18_f&fid=35566&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22100642%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Wojtovich AP, Nadtochiy SM, Brookes PS, Nehrke K Abstract Aging represents a triple threat for myocardial infarction (MI). Not only does the incidence of MI increase with age, but the heart becomes more susceptible to MI induced damage and protective interventions such as ischemic preconditioning (IPC) become less effective. Therefore, any rational therapeutic strategy must be built around the ability to combat the detrimental effects of ischemia in aged individuals. To accomplish this, we need to develop a better understanding of how ischemic damage, protection, and aging are linked. In this regard, mitochondria have emerged as a common theme. First, mitochondria contribute to cell damage during ischemia-reperfusion (IR) and are central to cell death. Second, the protecti... Experimental Gerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5463380 Thu, 10 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5463380 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5427968&cid=s_35566_18_f&fid=35566&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22079852%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Dalton BH, Power GA, Vandervoort AA, Rice CL Abstract Older adults are less fatigable than young during isometric tasks, but this apparent ability to resist fatigue is often abolished when dynamic actions are performed. These findings could indicate that the velocity component of dynamic contractions or the task performed is an important factor in explaining fatigability of older adults. However, it has not been evaluated systematically. The purpose was to investigate the differences in age-related fatigue of the knee extensors in 8 older (73.6±3.5years) and 8 younger (25.1±2.6years) men. Neuromuscular measures were collected at baseline, during and immediately following task termination of three different maximal effort knee extension tasks. On three separate days, part... Experimental Gerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5427968 Fri, 04 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5427968 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5427967&cid=s_35566_18_f&fid=35566&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22085543%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, advanced age is associated with disruption of muscle iron metabolism which is further perturbed by disuse and persists over a longer time period. PMID: 22085543 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Experimental Gerontology) Experimental Gerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5427967 Fri, 04 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5427967 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5427971&cid=s_35566_18_f&fid=35566&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22075531%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Cui R, Zhang G, Kang Y, Cheng Q, Tan H, Cui H, Shi G Abstract Testosterone has been shown to affect motor behavior and nigrostriatal dopaminergic (NSDA) system in young and adult male rats. However, it is not known whether exogenous testosterone intervention to aged male rats can ameliorate age-related motor impairment. Thus, in the present study, the open field motor behavior and adhesive tape removal motor performance as well as the expression of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and dopamine transporter (DAT) of NSDA system were examined in aged male rats following chronic subcutaneous injections of testosterone propionate (TP). Aged rats showed significantly reduced open field motor behavior and adhesive tape removal motor performance compared to adult rats. Chronic TP supplem... Experimental Gerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5427971 Sat, 29 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5427971 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5427970&cid=s_35566_18_f&fid=35566&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22075532%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Ramesh T, Kim SW, Sung JH, Hwang SY, Sohn SH, Yoo SK, Kim SK Abstract The intracellular levels of oxidant and antioxidant balances are gradually distorted during the aging process. An age associated elevation of oxidative stress occurring throughout the lifetime is hypothesized to be the major cause of aging. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the putative antioxidant activity of the fermented Panax ginseng extract (GINST) on lipid peroxidation and antioxidant status of major organs of aged rats compared to young rats. Increased levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), urea and creatinine were observed in the serum of aged rats. Increased levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and significantly lowered activities of superoxide dismutas... Experimental Gerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5427970 Sat, 29 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5427970 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5427969&cid=s_35566_18_f&fid=35566&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22075533%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study we have assessed whether age influences the behavioral outcome of estradiol therapy in rats. Animals were ovariectomized at 2 or 20months of age. Immediately after ovariectomy animals were treated for 10weeks with estradiol valerate or vehicle. Estradiol therapy decreased body weight in both young and older rats compared to animals injected with vehicle. In contrast, estradiol treatment improved object recognition memory and decreased anxiety-like behavior in the circular open field of older but not young rats and decreased depressive-like behavior of young but not older animals. Thus, our findings indicate that age affects the outcome of estradiol therapy in the brain. PMID: 22075533 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Experimental Gerontology) Experimental Gerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5427969 Sat, 29 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5427969 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5427972&cid=s_35566_18_f&fid=35566&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22056222%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Carloni M, Nasuti C, Fedeli D, Montani M, Amici A, Vadhana MS, Gabbianelli R Abstract Early life environmental exposure to pesticides could play a critical role in the onset of age-related diseases. The present study aims to evaluate in brain, plasma and leukocytes of 300day-old rats, the effect of a low dose of the insecticide permethrin administered during early life (1/50 LD(50), from 6th to 21st day of life). The outcomes show that Nurr1, mRNA and protein expression, as well as calcium and NO levels are decreased in striatum. Moreover, the pesticide induces an imbalance in glutamate, calcium and NO in hippocampus. Low calcium concentrations in leukocytes and in plasma were observed, while increased NO and decreased SOD plasma levels were measured. The results suggest t... Experimental Gerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5427972 Tue, 25 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5427972 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5383304&cid=s_35566_18_f&fid=35566&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22032874%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Beyer I, Njemini R, Bautmans I, Demanet C, Bergmann P, Mets T Abstract Inflammation in older persons is associated with muscle wasting, leading to frailty and functional decline. Most studies have focused on IL-6 and TNF-α. In order to further elucidate the underlying mechanisms of muscle wasting and reduced muscle mass and strength we investigated a large panel of cytokines and chemokines, as well as cytoprotective heat shock proteins (Hsp), and measured lean body mass (LBM) and grip strength (GS), fatigue resistance (FR), and grip work (GW) in 33 geriatric patients (median age 84years) admitted with acute infection-induced inflammation. Higher expression of Hsp27 without heat challenge (WHC) in circulating monocytes and lymphocytes correlated with better FR (r=0.363, p&... Experimental Gerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5383304 Tue, 18 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5383304 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5383303&cid=s_35566_18_f&fid=35566&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22037549%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Rippe C, Blimline M, Magerko KA, Lawson BR, Larocca T, Donato AJ, Seals DR Abstract A senescent phenotype in endothelial cells is associated with increased apoptosis, reduced endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and inflammation, which are implicated in arterial dysfunction and disease in humans. We tested the hypothesis that changes in microRNAs are associated with a senescent phenotype in human aortic endothelial cells (HAEC). Compared with early-passage HAEC, late-passage HAEC had a reduced proliferation rate and increased staining for senescence-associated beta-galactosidase and the tumor suppressor p16(INK4a). Late-passage senescent HAEC had reduced expression of proliferation-stimulating/apoptosis-suppressing miR-21, miR-214 and miR-92 and increased expression of... Experimental Gerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5383303 Sat, 15 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5383303 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5383307&cid=s_35566_18_f&fid=35566&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22015325%26dopt%3DAbstract This study investigated lower extremity tissue composition, i.e. muscle and fat volumes, in young and older adults and the relative importance of individual tissue compartments to the physical function of older adults. A total of 43 older (age 78.3±5.6years) and 20 younger (age 23.8±3.9years) healthy men and women participated in the study. Older participants were further classified as either high- (HF) or low-functioning (LF) according to the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB). Magnetic resonance images were used to determine the volumes of skeletal muscle, subcutaneous fat (SAT), and intermuscular fat (IMAT) in the thigh (femoral) and calf (tibiofibular) regions. After adjusting for the sex of participants, younger participants had more femoral muscle mass than older adults (p&l... Experimental Gerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5383307 Wed, 12 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5383307 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5383306&cid=s_35566_18_f&fid=35566&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22015326%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Pasini E, Le Douairon Lahaye S, Flati V, Assanelli D, Corsetti G, Speca S, Bernabei R, Calvani R, Marzetti E Abstract Physical exercise is the most effective intervention against sarcopenia of aging; however, the cellular and molecular mechanisms mediating training-induced adaptations are not yet completely understood. Furthermore, it is unclear whether exercise training initiated late in life affects myocyte anabolic signaling in a dose-dependent manner. Hence, we sought to investigate the effects of treadmill exercise and training frequency on anabolic pathways, including insulin signaling, in the skeletal muscle of old rats. Aged (14-16-month-old) male Wistar rats were trained on a treadmill for 3 (EX3) or 5days/week (EX5) during 8weeks and compared with age-matched sed... Experimental Gerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5383306 Wed, 12 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5383306 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5383305&cid=s_35566_18_f&fid=35566&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22027539%26dopt%3DAbstract This study provides valuable data based on the rhesus macaque model further validating age-related mitochondrial functional decline with increasing age and suggesting that mtDNA damage might be a good biomarker of aging. PMID: 22027539 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Experimental Gerontology) Experimental Gerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5383305 Wed, 12 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5383305 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5317139&cid=s_35566_18_f&fid=35566&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21983493%26dopt%3DAbstract We examined whether TOMM40 variants, which have been reported to influence age of onset of AD and are in linkage disequilibrium with APOE, have an effect on CSF NFL levels, in 47 healthy, cognitively intact individuals with or without APOE ε4. Our results show that the presence of APOE ε4 alone does not affect CSF NFL levels significantly; however APOE and TOMM40 appear to interact. Subjects with APOE ε4 have higher CSF NFL levels than non-ε4 carriers, only when they do not carry a short poly-T variant of TOMM40, which is associated with later age of onset of AD, and may act as protective against the dose effect of ε4. PMID: 21983493 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Experimental Gerontology) Experimental Gerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5317139 Sat, 01 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5317139 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5317138&cid=s_35566_18_f&fid=35566&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21983494%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Jatczak B, Leszek J, Siemieniec I, Sochocka M, Wiśniewska A, Tarkowski R, Bębenek M, Błach-Olszewska Z Abstract Two mechanisms of innate immunity, i.e. resistance to viral infection and the production of cytokines by leukocytes, were compared in blood isolated from four groups of donors: healthy young (19-35years old), healthy elderly (over 60), elderly Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients, and elderly patients with alimentary tract cancer (CA). Peripheral blood leukocytes (PBLs) were isolated by gradient centrifugation in Gradisol G. The degree of resistance was calculated from the kinetics of vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) replication in the PBLs. Cytokine (TNFα, IFNα, IFNγ, IL-12, and IL-10) levels were determined by ELISA. The antiviral resistance of the PBLs vari... Experimental Gerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5317138 Sat, 01 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5317138 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5317140&cid=s_35566_18_f&fid=35566&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21983171%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Hoekzema E, Rojas S, Herance R, Pareto D, Abad S, Jiménez X, Figueiras FP, Popota F, Ruiz A, Flotats N, Fernández FJ, Rocha M, Rovira M, Víctor VM, Gispert JD Abstract Whereas molecular imaging studies in the aging human brain have predominantly demonstrated reductions in serotonin transporter (5-HTT) availability, the majority of the rodent studies, using autoradiographic methods, report increases in neural 5-HTT levels with age. To our knowledge, however, no previous rodent studies have assessed this topic in vivo, and therefore it remains unclear whether this discrepancy arises from methodological or inter-species differences. We performed an [(11)C]-DASB microPET study to evaluate the effects of aging on 5-HTT availability in the rat brain. To generate binding poten... Experimental Gerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5317140 Thu, 29 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5317140 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5317141&cid=s_35566_18_f&fid=35566&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21979452%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Bledowski P, Mossakowska M, Chudek J, Grodzicki T, Milewicz A, Szybalska A, Wieczorowska-Tobis K, Wiecek A, Bartoszek A, Dabrowski A, Zdrojewski T PMID: 21979452 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Experimental Gerontology) Experimental Gerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5317141 Wed, 28 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5317141 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5284105&cid=s_35566_18_f&fid=35566&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21968104%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Benke KS, Carlson MC, Doan BQ, Walston JD, Xue QL, Reiner AP, Fried LP, Arking DE, Chakravarti A, Fallin MD Abstract The inflammatory cytokine interleukin-1 (IL1) potentially plays a role in cognitive deterioration through pathology due to a dementing disorder or due to an aging process. Study of genetic variants in the IL1 genes has been mostly limited to diseases such as Alzheimer's, however, there may be benefit to studying a continuous measure of cognition. Using data from the Cardiovascular Health Study, we evaluate genetic variation in the genes encoding inflammatory agonists IL1A and IL1B, and the antagonist IL1RN, with repeated measures of global cognition (3MS) and processing speed (DSST), using mixed effects models. We found statistically significant minor allele... Experimental Gerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5284105 Sat, 24 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5284105 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5284106&cid=s_35566_18_f&fid=35566&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21964236%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Marttila S, Jylhävä J, Pesu M, Hämäläinen S, Jylhä M, Hervonen A, Hurme M Abstract Interleukin-7 is a homeostatic cytokine that contributes to the maintenance of the T cell pool. It also has proinflammatory effects and is involved in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases. Due to its homeostatic effects, IL-7 has been proposed as a potential rejuvenation factor for the elderly immune system. We analyzed the correlation of plasma IL-7 concentrations and the proportions of different T cell populations in nonagenarians (n=163) participating in the Vitality 90+ study. Young individuals (n=35, aged 19-30years) were used as controls. The numbers of CD3+, CD14+, CD4+ and CD8+ cells and the expression of the CD28 costimulatory molecule on CD4+ and CD8+ lymphocyte subsets we... Experimental Gerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5284106 Thu, 22 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5284106 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5284107&cid=s_35566_18_f&fid=35566&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21963655%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Oishi K, Koyanagi S, Ohkura N Abstract To evaluate the effects of aging on the circadian gene expression of coagulation and fibrinolytic factors in the mouse tissues, we examined temporal mRNA expression profiles of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), tissue-type plasminogen activator (tPA), tissue factor (TF), and thrombomodulin (TM) genes together with circadian clock genes in the brains, hearts and livers of young (5weeks old) and aged (15months old) mice. Cardiac mRNA expression of β-myosin heavy chain (β-MHC), a molecular marker of cardiac hypertrophy, was obviously increased in the aged mice. Rhythmic expression of the clock genes mPer2 and BMAL1 in these organs was almost identical between young and aged mice, whereas that of PAI-1, TF and TM mRNAs and of c... Experimental Gerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5284107 Wed, 21 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5284107 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5268489&cid=s_35566_18_f&fid=35566&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21945291%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Zhao L, Wang F, Gui B, Hua F, Qian Y Abstract Postoperative cognition impairment is a perishing complication in elderly patients undergone surgeries. Lithium is widely used in psychiatric patients for its role in neuronal protection, whereas whether or not it could attenuate surgery-associated postoperative cognition dysfunction used prophylactically is not well defined. After approval by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee, 48 male Sprague-Dawley rats aged 18months old were randomly divided into three groups with 16 each: i, no surgeries and drugs were given; ii, surgical procedures were performed only without drug delivery; iii, prophylactic 2mM/kg lithium chloride was given intraperitoneally once a day for seven days before surgeries. The change in spatial m... Experimental Gerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5268489 Fri, 16 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5268489 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5268488&cid=s_35566_18_f&fid=35566&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21945877%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Feng J, Zhang J, Liu M, Wan G, Qi K, Zheng C, Lv Z, Hu C, Zeng Y, Gregory SG, Yang Z Abstract Human longevity is a complex heritable genetic trait. Based on substantial evidence from model organisms, it is clear that mitochondria play a pivotal role in aging and lifespan. However, the effects that mitochondrial genome variations have upon longevity and longevity-related phenotypes in Chuang people in China have yet to be established. By genotyping 15 variants for 10 haplogroups in 738 Chuang subjects, including 367 long-lived individuals and 371 controls, we found that haplogroup F was significantly associated with longevity in females of Zhuang population of China (p=0.003, OR: 2.01, 95%CI: 1.263-3.197). Additionally, haplogroup F was related to higher HDL levels (p<0.... Experimental Gerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5268488 Fri, 16 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5268488 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5268490&cid=s_35566_18_f&fid=35566&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21933703%26dopt%3DAbstract We examined experimentally the relationship between the period of unhealthy life and longevity in the medfly by using the first sign of supine behavior (upside down; immobile) in medflies as an indication of their poor health and by altering cohort longevity through dietary manipulations. Our main findings included the following: i) for longer lived medflies it was more likely to observe the supine behavior while shorter lived flies would more likely die before exhibiting the supine behavior. ii) males have similar total life expectancy as females but a longer healthy life expectancy; iii) the total number of healthy days, spent in the pre-supine period, and the amount of healthy life span as a fraction of the total lifespan varied with both sex and diet; iv) despite the large difference i... Experimental Gerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5268490 Mon, 12 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5268490 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5268491&cid=s_35566_18_f&fid=35566&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21939751%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Finch CE Abstract A symposium in January 2011 "The Paleocardiology of Ancient Egypt" reviewed old and new evidence for the presence of advanced atherosclerotic lesions in ancient Egyptian mummies. This symposium was dedicated as a Centenary for the pioneering report of Marc Ruffer in 1911 (Ruffer, 1911). Based on CT scans, the Horus Study team concluded that atherosclerosis was present in the ancient Egyptian elites and is not a disease new to the 20th Century. Presentations included radiological data on vasculature, skeleton, and teeth, indicating degenerative diseases and poor health before age 50 in these specimens. Comparisons were made with the Bolivian Tsimane, a 20th Century population living without access to modern medicine with short life expectancy. Further rese... Experimental Gerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5268491 Sun, 11 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5268491 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5235027&cid=s_35566_18_f&fid=35566&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21920428%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Sanchis-Gomar F, Gómez-Cabrera MC, Viña J Abstract Muscle aging is a key component of the increase in frailty in human populations. The generation of critical levels of power is a prerequisite to perform simple tasks of daily living, such as rising from a chair or climbing stairs. There is great scientific and social interest to determine which behaviors can lead to the maintenance of the muscle mass in young immobilized subjects and in the elderly. Several hormonal treatments have been proposed for the treatment of sarcopenia. However, the side effects associated to these treatments emphasize the need of finding non-toxic and non-hormonal treatments that help increase muscle strength, improve muscle function, and decrease the degree of dependency in the old population. ... Experimental Gerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5235027 Sat, 03 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5235027 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5221572&cid=s_35566_18_f&fid=35566&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21907271%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Kulminski AM Abstract Studies of non-human species show that loci on non-homologous chromosomes can be in linkage disequilibrium (LD). I focus on the Framingham Heart Study (FHS) participants to explore whether the phenomenon of inter-chromosomal LD can be caused by non-stochastic bio-genetic mechanisms in the human genome and be associated with complex, polygenic phenotypes. This paper documents remarkably strong and extensive LD among SNPs at loci on multiple non-homologous chromosomes genotyped using two independent (Affymetrix 50K and 500K) arrays. The analyses provided compelling evidences that the observed inter-chromosomal LD was unlikely generated by stochasticity, population or family structure, or mis-genotyping. The analyses show that this LD is associated with ... Experimental Gerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5221572 Wed, 31 Aug 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5221572 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5221573&cid=s_35566_18_f&fid=35566&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21896325%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, N. korthausae appears to be a species with appropriate characteristics for ageing studies because it manifests clear signs of progressive ageing. Comparing species of Nothobranchius genus with different lifespans may be useful for increasing our understanding of the ageing process. PMID: 21896325 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Experimental Gerontology) Experimental Gerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5221573 Sun, 28 Aug 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5221573 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5221575&cid=s_35566_18_f&fid=35566&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21884780%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Pan Y Abstract As a major intracellular source of reactive oxygen species (ROS), mitochondria are involved in aging and lifespan regulation. Using the yeast chronological aging model, researchers have identified conserved signaling pathways that affect lifespan by modulating mitochondrial functions. Caloric restriction and a genetic mimetic with reduced target of rapamycin signaling globally upregulate the mitochondrial proteome and respiratory functions. Recent discoveries support the notion that an altered mitochondrial proteome induces mitohormesis. Mitohormesis involves a variety of ROS during several growth stages and extends lifespan in yeast and other organisms. Here we recap recent advances in understanding of ROS as signals that decelerate chronological aging in y... Experimental Gerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5221575 Mon, 22 Aug 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5221575 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5221574&cid=s_35566_18_f&fid=35566&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21884781%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSIONS: With advancing age, physical performance declines even in healthy, active females despite a spare of muscle mass. The increase in PTH seems to have a role in this decline, that could be clarified by further investigations. PMID: 21884781 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Experimental Gerontology) Experimental Gerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5221574 Mon, 22 Aug 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5221574 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5180373&cid=s_35566_18_f&fid=35566&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21871550%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Asha Devi S, Sagar Chandrasekar BK, Manjula KR, Ishii N Abstract There is growing concern over the increasing instances of decline in cognitive abilities with aging in humans. The present study evaluated the benefits of the natural antioxidant, grape seed proanthocyanidin extract (GSPE) in treating the effects of age-related oxidative stress (OS) and accumulation of lipofuscin (LF) on the cognitive ability in rats. Female Wistar rats of 3- and 12-months of age received a daily oral supplement of GSPE until they attained 6- and 15-months of age. During this period, rats were tested for their cognitive ability. At the end of this period, blood glucose and markers of OS were assessed in the hippocampus. GSPE lowered blood glucose, lipid peroxidation, hydrogen peroxide level, ... Experimental Gerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5180373 Mon, 15 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5180373 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5180371&cid=s_35566_18_f&fid=35566&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21871552%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Skytthe A, Valensin S, Jeune B, Cevenini E, Balard F, Beekman M, Bezrukov V, Blanche H, Bolund L, Broczek K, Carru C, Christensen K, Christiansen L, Collerton JC, Cotichini R, de Craen AJ, Dato S, Davies K, De Benedictis G, Deiana L, Flachsbart F, Gampe J, Gilbault C, Gonos ES, Haimes E, Hervonen A, Hurme MA, Janiszewska D, Jylhä M, Kirkwood TB, Kristensen P, Laiho P, Leon A, Marchisio A, Masciulli R, Nebel A, Passarino G, Pelicci G, Peltonen L, Perola M, Poulain M, Rea IM, Remacle J, Robine JM, Schreiber S, Scurti M, Sevini F, Sikora E, Skouteri A, Slagboom PE, Spazzafumo L, Stazi MA, Toccaceli V, Toussaint O, Törnwall O, Vaupel JW, Voutetakis K, Franceschi C, Abstract In 2004, the integrated European project GEHA (Genetics of Healthy Ageing) was initiated with the aim... Experimental Gerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5180371 Mon, 15 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5180371 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5180370&cid=s_35566_18_f&fid=35566&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21871553%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Ahn JH, Choi JH, Song JM, Lee CH, Yoo KY, Hwang IK, Kim JS, Shin HC, Won MH Abstract We previously reported that no distinct neuronal loss occurred in the aged dog spinal cord, although oxidative stress was increased in the aged dog spinal cord. Thioredoxin 2 (Trx2)/peroxiredoxin 3 (Prx3) redox system is a major route for removing H(2)O(2) in the central nervous system. In the present study, we compared the distribution and immunoreactivity of thioredoxin reductase 2 (TrxR2), Trx2 and Prx3 and their protein levels in the spinal cord and hippocampus between the adult (2-3years) and aged (10-12years) dogs. The number of TrxR2-immunoreactive neurons was slightly increased; however, its immunoreactivity was significantly increased in the aged spinal cord compared to that in th... Experimental Gerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5180370 Mon, 15 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5180370 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5180372&cid=s_35566_18_f&fid=35566&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21871551%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Wu Z, Song L, Liu SQ, Huang D Abstract A high throughput screening assay was developed based on the yeast chronological aging model and applied in evaluating several factors that mediate lifespan, including inoculum size, cellular state in nutrient-rich medium, and calorie level. Using our assay, we confirmed the previously reported genetic mimics of calorie restriction, including deletion of TOR1, SCH9 or RAS2. In contrast, deletion of SIR2 had longevity effect but seems to produce only small beneficial effect on the response to calorie restriction. Overall, this new high throughput screening assay may facilitate identification of calorie restriction mimetics with a rapid and simple protocol, uncomplicated data analysis, and high sensitivity. In addition, the assay also p... Experimental Gerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5180372 Thu, 11 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5180372 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5160350&cid=s_35566_18_f&fid=35566&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21864669%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Guevara R, Gianotti M, Oliver J, Roca P Abstract Mitochondria are the main source of free radical species and the most direct target for their damaging effects, which especially affect the brain mitochondrial function, which is better maintained by females than males. The aim of this work was to investigate the age-related changes in rat brain mitochondrial oxidative status focusing on sex differences. Male and female rat brain from four different age groups (6, 12, 18 and 24months old) were analyzed. Oxidative damage accumulates in rat brain throughout aging, related to the increasing activity of mitochondrial respiratory chain (MRC) and failure of several antioxidant defenses. The aging effect was less marked in females, which accumulated less oxidative damage than males... Experimental Gerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5160350 Thu, 11 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5160350 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5142756&cid=s_35566_18_f&fid=35566&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21846498%26dopt%3DAbstract This study was undertaken to determine the role of adenosine signalling in the development of age-related hearing loss (ARHL). We and others have shown previously that adenosine signalling via A(1) receptors is involved in cochlear protection from noise-induced cochlear injury. Here we demonstrate that enhanced adenosine signalling in the cochlea provides partial protection from ARHL in C57BL/6J mice. We targeted adenosine kinase (ADK), the key enzyme in adenosine metabolism, using a treatment regime with the selective ADK inhibitor ABT-702 (1.5mg/kg intraperitoneally twice a week) commencing at the age of three months or six months. This treatment, intended to increase free adenosine levels in the cochlea, was maintained until the age of nine months and hearing thresholds were evaluated m... Experimental Gerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5142756 Sat, 06 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5142756 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5142757&cid=s_35566_18_f&fid=35566&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21827845%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Rose G, Crocco P, D'Aquila P, Montesanto A, Bellizzi D, Passarino G Abstract The brown fat specific UnCoupling Protein 1 (UCP1) is involved in thermogenesis, a process by which energy is dissipated as heat in response to cold stress and excess of caloric intake. Thermogenesis has potential implications for body mass control and cellular fat metabolism. In fact, in humans, the variability of the UCP1 gene is associated with obesity, fat gain and metabolism. Since regulation of metabolism is one of the key-pathways in lifespan extension, we tested the possible effects of UCP1 variability on survival. Two polymorphisms (A-3826G and C-3740A), falling in the upstream promoter region of UCP1, were analyzed in a sample of 910 subjects from southern Italy (475 women and 435 men; a... Experimental Gerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5142757 Fri, 29 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5142757 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5111837&cid=s_35566_18_f&fid=35566&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21821112%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Lee JE, Heo JI, Park SH, Kim JH, Kho YJ, Kang HJ, Chung HY, Yoon JL, Lee JY Even though CR has shown to enhance base excision repair (BER) and nucleotide excision repair (NER) capacities, it has not been reported whether CR can enhance non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) activity. To examine the effect of CR on NHEJ activity, ad libitum (AL)- and calorie restricted (CR)-dieted rats were used. Age-dependent decline of NHEJ activity was apparent in the lung, liver, and kidney and appeared to be slightly decreased in spleen. CR reduced age-dependent decline of NHEJ activity in all tissues, even though the extent of recovery was variable among tissues. Moreover, CR appeared to reduce age-dependent decline of XRCC4 protein level. These results suggest that CR could reduce age-depende... Experimental Gerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5111837 Thu, 28 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5111837 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5111843&cid=s_35566_18_f&fid=35566&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21821111%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSIONS: Adaptations to RET are markedly blunted in older women, perhaps in-part due to the inability to downregulate REDD1 and thus upregulate mTOR signaling after RE. PMID: 21821111 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Experimental Gerontology) Experimental Gerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5111843 Wed, 27 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5111843 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5111896&cid=s_35566_18_f&fid=35566&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21820043%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Buoso E, Lanni C, Molteni E, Rousset F, Corsini E, Racchi M Aging is associated to a decline in immune functions that are in part related to a defective protein kinase C dependent signal transduction machinery. RACK-1 (Receptor for Activated C Kinase 1) is a scaffold protein for different kinases and membrane receptors. We have previously demonstrated, in the elderly, a defective PCKβII (Protein Kinase C βII) translocation related to a decrease in RACK-1 protein expression, which is correlated to the age-associated decline in DHEA (dehydroepiandrosterone) levels. As a consequence of this signal transduction impairment, a significant decrease in immune cells functionality was observed. Furthermore, we could demonstrate that in vivo and in vitro DHEA administration restored RA... Experimental Gerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5111896 Tue, 26 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5111896 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5111891&cid=s_35566_18_f&fid=35566&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21820503%26dopt%3DAbstract The objective of this study is to clarify whether age-related oxidative stress enhances hepatic vulnerability via increased interaction of advanced glycation endproducts (AGE) with their receptor RAGE. To further address the role of uncoupling of mitochondrial respiration, mitochondrial uncoupling protein-2 wild-type (UCP2+/+) and knock out (UCP2-/-) mice were used and studied at an age of 8 (young), 38 (adult) and 76weeks (senescent). First, we could show that UCP2 protein expression increased with age in UCP2+/+ mice. Second, in both mouse strains oxidative stress, as measured by malondialdehyde concentrations and the ratio of glutathione to glutathione disulfide, as well as hepatic RAGE expression and highly modified AGE accumulation significantly increased with age. This, however, was ... Experimental Gerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5111891 Tue, 26 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5111891 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5111910&cid=s_35566_18_f&fid=35566&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21798334%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Botta G, Turn CS, Quintyne NJ, Kirchman PA We have previously shown that copper supplementation extends the replicative life span of Saccharomyces cerevisiae when grown under conditions forcing cells to respire. We now show that copper's effect on life span is through Fet3p, a copper containing enzyme responsible for high affinity transport of iron into yeast cells. Life span extensions can also be obtained by supplementing the growth medium with 1mM ferric chloride. Extension by high iron levels is still dependent on the presence of Fet3p. Life span extension by iron or copper requires growth on media containing glycerol as the sole carbon source, which forces yeast to respire. Yeast grown on glucose containing media supplemented with iron show no extension of life span. The ... Experimental Gerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5111910 Mon, 25 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5111910 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5111924&cid=s_35566_18_f&fid=35566&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21798332%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Mackenzie DK, Bussière LF, Tinsley MC Immune system effectiveness generally declines as animals age, compromising disease resistance. In Drosophila, expression of a variety of immune-related genes elevates during ageing; however how this is linked to increasing pathogen susceptibility in older flies has remained unclear. We investigated whether changes in the Drosophila cellular immune response might contribute to immunosenescence. Experiments studied fly cohorts of different ages and compared the numbers and activity of the circulating haemocytes involved in pathogen defence. In female wildtype Samarkand and Oregon R flies the haemocyte population fell by 31.8% and 10.2% respectively during the first four weeks of adulthood. Interestingly we detected no such decline in male ... Experimental Gerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5111924 Fri, 22 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5111924 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5111900&cid=s_35566_18_f&fid=35566&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21816217%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Luo Y, Zou P, Zou J, Wang J, Zhou D, Liu L Oxidative stress induces not only senescence but also autophagy in a variety of mammalian cells. However, the relationship between these two has not been well established and thus, was investigated in the present study using WI38 human diploid fibroblasts (WI38 cells) as a model system. Our results showed that exposure of WI38 cells to H(2)O(2) induced both senescence and autophagy. Downregulation of autophagy protein 5 (Atg5) with Atg5 siRNA inhibited not only autophagy but also senescence induced by H(2)O(2). Further studies showed that Atg5 regulates H(2)O(2)-induced senescence primarily by up-regulating the expression of p21 at the level of post-transcription. In addition, we examined the mechanisms by which H(2)O(2) induces autop... Experimental Gerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5111900 Fri, 22 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5111900 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5111916&cid=s_35566_18_f&fid=35566&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21798333%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Defays R, Gómez FH, Sambucetti P, Scannapieco AC, Loeschcke V, Norry FM Longevity is a typical quantitative trait which is influenced by multiple genes. Here we explore the genetic variation in longevity of Drosophila melanogaster in both mildly heat-stressed and control flies. Quantitative trait loci (QTL) analysis for longevity was performed in a single-sex environment at 25°C with and without a mild heat-stress pre-treatment, using a previously reported set of recombinant inbred lines (RIL). QTL regions for longevity in heat-stressed flies overlapped with QTL for longevity in control flies. All longevity QTL co-localized with QTL for longevity identified in previous studies using very different sets of RIL in mixed sex environments, though the genome is nearly saturated w... Experimental Gerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5111916 Wed, 20 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5111916 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5111928&cid=s_35566_18_f&fid=35566&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21782924%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Ryu SH, Kang K, Yoo T, Joe CO, Chung JH In order to better characterize epigenetic alterations at repetitive DNA elements with aging, DNA methylation and histone marks at various repeat classes were investigated. Repetitive DNA elements were hypermethylated in the brains of old mice. Histone hypoacetylation and altered histone trimethylation at repetitive sequences were detected in brain tissues during aging. The expression of repeat-derived transcripts (RDTs) was then measured to explore any correlations with the observed epigenetic alterations. Large numbers of RDTs investigated were down-regulated along with age. Bisulfite sequencing revealed that CpG dinucleotide methylation patterns at the repeats of the RDT promoter region were mostly well maintained during aging. ChIP a... Experimental Gerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5111928 Sun, 17 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5111928 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5111939&cid=s_35566_18_f&fid=35566&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21763413%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Thomas MM, Vigna C, Betik AC, Tupling AR, Hepple RT The senescent heart has decreased systolic and diastolic functions, both of which could be related to alterations in cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) calcium (Ca(2+)) handling. The purpose of this study was to determine if SR protein content and rates of Ca(2+) release and uptake and ATPase activity are lower in the senescent (34-36mo) Fisher 344×Brown-Norway F1 hybrid rat heart and if a long-term exercise training program could maintain SR function. Late middle aged (29mo) male rats underwent 5-7mo of treadmill training. Aging resulted in a decrease in SERCA activity and modest decrease in the rate of Ca(2+) uptake but no change in Ca(2+) release rate. SERCA2a content was not decreased with age but nitrotyrosine accumula... Experimental Gerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5111939 Thu, 07 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5111939 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5111934&cid=s_35566_18_f&fid=35566&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21763414%26dopt%3DAbstract This study addresses variation in the allocation of resources to asexual reproduction and to maintenance of Hydra magnipapillata in relation to differences in temperature and food availability. Hydra is a non-senescent, persistent species with primarily clonal reproduction. We recorded changes in budding rate and mean survival under starvation, which indicate changes in the allocation of resources to asexual reproduction and maintenance. In constant conditions we observed a clear trade-off between asexual reproduction and maintenance, where budding increased linearly with food intake while starvation survival stayed rather constant. In contrast, an environment with fluctuations in temperature or food availability promotes maintenance and increases the survival chances of hydra under starva... Experimental Gerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5111934 Tue, 05 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5111934 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5069050&cid=s_35566_18_f&fid=35566&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21742024%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Drewry MD, Williams JM, Hatle JD Dietary restriction (DR) and reduced reproduction each extend life span in many species. Females undergoing DR typically experience a reduction in their fecundity, which raises the question of whether the two treatments are actually extending life span in overlapping ways. Life span in lubber grasshoppers has been shown to be increased by DR, and separately by ovariectomy (OVX). Here, we test the combination of these on life span. If life extension by the two treatments are additive, it would suggest that they likely act through separate pathways. The experimental groups were: fully reproductive and fully fed (ShamFD); ovariectomized and fully fed (OVXFD); fully reproductive and restricted diet (ShamDR); and ovariectomized and restricted diet (... Experimental Gerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5069050 Thu, 30 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5069050 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5069051&cid=s_35566_18_f&fid=35566&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21741463%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Qiao-Feng W, Ling-Ling G, Shu-Guang Y, Qi Z, Sheng-Feng L, Fang Z, Hai-Yan Y, Yong T, Xian-Zhong Y A (1)H NMR-based metabonomic method was used to investigate the metabolic change of plasma in senescence-prone 8 (SAMP8) mice before and after electro-acupuncture (EA). Sixteen SAMP8 male mice (aged 8months) were randomly divided into model group and acupuncture treatment group while the later group received EA treatment for 21days. Eight senescence-resistant 1 (SAMR1) mice were used as the control group. Morris water maze was used to evaluate the effects of EA. All mice plasma samples obtained from different groups were analyzed by using 600MHz (1)H nuclear magnetic resonances ((1)H NMR) spectroscopy. The data sets were analyzed by Principal Components Analysis (PCA) and Partial... Experimental Gerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5069051 Tue, 28 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5069051 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5069052&cid=s_35566_18_f&fid=35566&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21718780%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, we investigated the age-related changes of FoxO3a in the gerbil hippocampus using immunohistochemistry and western blot analysis. In the postnatal month 3 (PM 3) group, FoxO3a immunoreactivity was well detected in pyramidal cells of the hippocampus proper, and granule cells of the dentate gyrus. FoxO3a immunoreactivity in the pyramidal cells of the hippocampus proper was not changed until PM 24. However, in the dentate granule cells, FoxO3a immunoreactivity was much decreased in the dorsal blade, not the ventral blade, of the granule cell layer in the PM 6 and 12 groups compared to the PM 3 group. At PM 24, FoxO3a immunoreactivity in the granule cells was hardly detected. Western blot analysis showed that FoxO3a level was significantly decreased in the PM 24 group. These res... Experimental Gerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5069052 Tue, 21 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5069052 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4922855&cid=s_35566_18_f&fid=35566&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21651971%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, hyposulfatemic NaS1 null (Nas1-/-) mice were used to investigate the consequences of perturbed SO(4)(2-) homeostasis on longevity. Median life spans were increased (by ≈25%) in male and female Nas1-/- mice when compared with Nas1+/+ mice on identical food intakes. At 1yr of age, serum SO(4)(2-) levels remained low in Nas1-/- mice (≈0.16mM) when compared to Nas1+/+ mice (≈0.96mM). RT-PCR revealed increased hepatic mRNA levels of Sirt1 (by ≈60%), Cat (by ≈48%), Hdac3 (by ≈22%), Trp53 and Cd55 (by ≈36%) in Nas1-/- mice, genes linked to ageing. Histological analyses of livers from 2yr old mice revealed neoplasms in >50% of Nas1+/+ mice but not in Nas1-/- mice. This is the first study to report increased lifespan, decreased hepatic tumours and increased hepatic e... Experimental Gerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4922855 Sun, 29 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4922855 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4922856&cid=s_35566_18_f&fid=35566&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21620941%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Terrien J, Blanc S, Zizzari P, Epelbaum J, Aujard F Epidemiological evidence related to increased death from hyperthermia suggests higher frailty in the elderly when exposed to high ambient temperatures. Despite the recent awareness of such public health problems, integrative studies investigating the effects of age on the physiological responses to heat wave thermal conditions remain scarce. Daily rhythmicity of core temperature (T(c)) and locomotor activity (LA), as well as parameters representative of energy balance and IGF-1 levels which are involved in the aging process and stress resistance, were monitored in a non-human primate species, the gray mouse lemur (Microcebus murinus). Adult and aged animals, acclimated to long days (LD) or short days (SD), were monitored duri... Experimental Gerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4922856 Wed, 18 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4922856 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4922857&cid=s_35566_18_f&fid=35566&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21619925%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Alabarse PV, Salomon TB, Medeiros TM, Hackenhaar FS, Schüller AK, Ehrenbrink G, Benfato MS Reproduction alters the male physiology. We performed a comprehensive examination of oxidative stress in the kidneys of male rats with (experienced) or without (naïve) reproductive activity during aging. Oxidative stress was assessed by measuring the activity of catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione S-transferase, and superoxide dismutase, and by measuring protein carbonylation, lipid peroxidation, nitrite and nitrate levels, vitamin C levels, and glutathione (total, reduced, and oxidized forms) levels, and metabolism was accessed by aconitase activity in kidney tissue, as well as testosterone and estradiol levels in serum. Reproductively active animals exhibited increased test... Experimental Gerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4922857 Mon, 16 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4922857 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4877114&cid=s_35566_18_f&fid=35566&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21609757%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study we assessed the age-related changes in the temporal processing of acoustical signals in the auditory system of pigmented rats (Long Evans strain). The temporal resolution was investigated in young adult (3-4months) and old (30-34months) rats by behavioral and electrophysiological methods: the rats' ability to detect and discriminate gaps in a continuous noise was examined behaviorally, and the amplitude-rate function was assessed for the middle latency response (MLR) to clicks. A worsening of the temporal resolution with aging was observed in the results of all tests. The values of the gap detection threshold (GDT) and the gap duration difference limen (GDDL) in old rats increased about two-fold in comparison with young adult rats. The MLR to a click train in old rats exhibit... Experimental Gerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4877114 Sat, 14 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4877114 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4877113&cid=s_35566_18_f&fid=35566&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21616133%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Vadhana MS, Carloni M, Nasuti C, Fedeli D, Gabbianelli R Early life environmental exposure to xenobiotics could represent a critical period for the onset of permanent alterations in the structure and function of different organs. Cardiovascular diseases can be related to various factors including environmental toxicants. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of early life permethrin treatment (1/50 LD(50), from 6th to 21st day of life) on heart of adult rats. Increased DNA damage, decreased heart cell membrane fluidity, increased cholesterol content, protein and lipid oxidation were measured in heart cells from adult rats treated with permethrin during the neonatal period with respect to control rats. Moreover, the same group showed higher levels of cholester... Experimental Gerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4877113 Sat, 14 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4877113 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4877118&cid=s_35566_18_f&fid=35566&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21586320%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Yu YF, Zhai F, Dai CF, Hu JJ To explore the relationship between age-related hearing loss (presbycusis) and synaptic degeneration in the hippocampal CA3 region of C57BL/6J mice, we investigated both cognitive performance and synaptic changes within the hippocampus of C57BL/6J mice from three age groups of 6-8, 24-26, and 42-44weeks; CBA/CaJ mice served as controls. The auditory brainstem response was used as a measure of hearing threshold, and cognitive behavior was evaluated using the Morris water maze. The ultrastructure of synapses was observed with transmission electron microscopy, and the quantity and distribution of the synaptic markers synaptophysin and PSD-95 were observed with immunohistochemistry. The hearing threshold of C57BL/6J mice was significantly higher at 24-... Experimental Gerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4877118 Fri, 13 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4877118 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4877116&cid=s_35566_18_f&fid=35566&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21601628%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Lee CH, Park JH, Choi JH, Yoo KY, Ryu PD, Won MH In the present study, we compared HSP90 and its co-chaperone, p23, immunoreactivity and their protein levels in the hippocampus between adult (postnatal month 6) and aged (postnatal month 24) gerbils using immunohistochemistry and western blot analysis. HSP90 immunoreactivity was markedly increased in pyramidal cells in the hippocampus proper and in polymorphic cells in the dentate gyrus of the aged group compared to the adult group. p23 immunoreactivity was slightly increased in pyramidal cells of the hippocampus proper and in granule cells of the dentate gyrus in the aged group. In addition, HSP90 and p23 protein levels in the aged hippocampus were much higher than the adult hippocampus. These results indicate that HSP90 and p... Experimental Gerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4877116 Thu, 12 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4877116 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4877115&cid=s_35566_18_f&fid=35566&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21601629%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Campuzano O, Castillo-Ruiz MD, Acarin L, Gonzalez B, Castellano B Brain aging is associated to several morphological and functional alterations that influence the evolution and outcome of CNS damage. Acute brain injury such as an excitotoxic insult induces initial tissue damage followed by associated inflammation and oxidative stress, partly attributed to neutrophil recruitment and the expression of oxidative enzymes such as myeloperoxidase (MPO), among others. However, to date, very few studies have focused on how age can influence neutrophil infiltration after acute brain damage. Therefore, to evaluate the age-dependent pattern of neutrophil cell infiltration following an excitotoxic injury, intrastriatal injection of N-methyl-d-aspartate was performed in young and aged male... Experimental Gerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4877115 Thu, 12 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4877115 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4877117&cid=s_35566_18_f&fid=35566&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21600277%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Ananthakrishnan R, Li Q, Gomes T, Schmidt AM, Ramasamy R Aging men and women display both increased incidence of cardiovascular disease and complications of myocardial infarction and heart failure. We hypothesized that altered glucose metabolism, in particular, flux of glucose via the polyol pathway (PP) may be responsible, in part, for the enhanced vulnerability of aging myocardium to ischemic injury, even in the absence of superimposed disease processes linked to PP flux, such as diabetes. To test our hypothesis, we determined the expression and products of PP enzymes aldose reductase (AR) and sorbitol dehydrogenase (SDH) in hearts from Fischer 344 aged (26month) and young (4month) rats subjected to global ischemia followed by reperfusion in the presence or absence of blocke... Experimental Gerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4877117 Mon, 09 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4877117 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4877121&cid=s_35566_18_f&fid=35566&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21570457%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, our data demonstrate that p38 MAPK is activated during lung aging with a corresponding increase in pro-inflammatory cytokines and decrease in antioxidant capacity. PMID: 21570457 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Experimental Gerontology) Experimental Gerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4877121 Tue, 03 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4877121 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4877120&cid=s_35566_18_f&fid=35566&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21570458%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Palaniyappan A, Alphonse R Senescence is the result of an imbalance between free radical production and antioxidant defenses, with concomitant oxidative stress and age-dependent functional decline. This process is especially evident in the immune cells, which use free radicals in their functions and suffer a senescent deterioration probably linked to oxygen stress. We hypothesize that oxidative damage and antioxidant imbalance may play a critical role in the immune dysfunction in aging. In the present study, we investigated this hypothesis in aged rats by treatment with alpha-lipoic acid (α-LA). We studied the effect of α-LA on immune function by examining immunomodulating factors in the plasma. Then we examined oxidative damage and antioxidant defense systems in the plasma.... Experimental Gerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4877120 Tue, 03 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4877120 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4877119&cid=s_35566_18_f&fid=35566&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21570459%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Greising SM, Carey RS, Blackford JE, Dalton LE, Kosir AM, Lowe DA Estradiol (E(2)) treatment in young adult, ovariectomized mice increases physical activity and reverses deleterious effects on skeletal muscle. Here we test the hypothesis that E(2) treatment improves muscle function and physical activity in aged, ovarian-senescent mice. Plasma E(2) levels and vaginal cytology confirmed ovarian senescence in 20-month-old C57BL/6 mice. Mice were then randomly divided into activity groups, having access to a running wheel or not, and further into those receiving E(2) or placebo. Placebo-treated mice wheel ran more than E(2)-treated mice (P=0.03), with no difference between treatment groups in cage activities such as time spent being active and ambulation distance (P≥0.55). Soleu... Experimental Gerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4877119 Tue, 03 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4877119 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4824258&cid=s_35566_18_f&fid=35566&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21549188%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Mouton S, Willems M, Houthoofd W, Bert W, Braeckman BP Freshwater planarians have a large totipotent stem cell population allowing high rates of cell renewal and morphological plasticity. It is often suggested that they are able to rejuvenate during fission, regeneration and starvation. These features, together with the rapidly expanding molecular toolset, make planarians such as Schmidtea polychroa and S. mediterranea interesting for ageing research. Yet, the basic demographic and physiological data are lacking or still based on fragmentary observations of one century ago. Here, we present the first longitudinal physiological study of the species S. polychroa. Survival, size and metabolic rate, measured by microcalorimetry, of a cohort of 28 individuals were followed over a p... Experimental Gerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4824258 Fri, 22 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4824258 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4824261&cid=s_35566_18_f&fid=35566&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21511025%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSIONS: TMS/tDCS appears safe in AD, but longer-term risks have been insufficiently considered. TMS holds promise as a physiologic biomarker in AD to identify therapeutic targets and monitor pharmacologic effects. In addition, TMS/tDCS may have therapeutic utility in AD, though the evidence is still very preliminary and cautious interpretation is warranted. PMID: 21511025 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Experimental Gerontology) Experimental Gerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4824261 Wed, 13 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4824261 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4824262&cid=s_35566_18_f&fid=35566&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21504786%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, the present findings suggest that lifelong endurance exercise training ensures an improved oxidative capacity of skeletal muscle, and that skeletal muscle of elderly subjects maintains the ability to respond to acute endurance exercise. PMID: 21504786 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Experimental Gerontology) Experimental Gerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4824262 Tue, 12 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4824262 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4824259&cid=s_35566_18_f&fid=35566&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21513787%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Leng SX, Li H, Xue QL, Tian J, Yang X, Ferrucci L, Fedarko N, Fried LP, Semba RD In immunocompetent persons, cytomegalovirus (CMV) is thought to persist primarily in monocytes and myeloid progenitor cells, establishing a chronic infection. In older adults, chronic CMV infection is typically diagnosed by a positive IgG serology. While many studies have shown CMV-specific T-cell expansion in CMV seropositive older individuals, significant heterogeneity has also been observed in this elderly population. In a study of 71 community-dwelling older adults, we assessed CMV viral DNA in peripheral monocytes by nested PCR and compared the relationships of detectable CMV DNA and IgG serology with serum levels of neopterin, a marker for monocyte/macrophage-mediated immune activation. The ... Experimental Gerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4824259 Tue, 12 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4824259 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4824260&cid=s_35566_18_f&fid=35566&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21513786%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Rowan SL, Purves-Smith FM, Solbak NM, Hepple RT The age-related decline in muscle mass, known as sarcopenia, exhibits a marked acceleration in advanced age. Although many studies have remarked upon the accumulation of very small myofibers, particularly at advanced stages of sarcopenia, the significance of this phenomenon in the acceleration of sarcopenia has never been examined. Furthermore, although mitochondrial dysfunction characterized by a lack of cytochrome oxidase (COX) activity has been implicated in myofiber atrophy in sarcopenia, the contribution of this phenotype to the accumulation of severely atrophied fibers in aged muscles has never been determined. To this end, we examined the fiber size distribution in the slow twitch soleus (Sol) and fast twitch gastrocnemius... Experimental Gerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4824260 Mon, 11 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4824260 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4824263&cid=s_35566_18_f&fid=35566&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21453768%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Bordner KA, Kitchen RR, Carlyle B, George ED, Mahajan MC, Mane SM, Taylor JR, Simen AA Aging in humans is associated with parallel changes in cognition, motivation, and motoric performance. Based on the human aging literature, we hypothesized that this constellation of age-related changes is mediated by the medial prefrontal cortex and that it would be observed in aging mice. Toward this end, we performed detailed assessments of cognition, motivation, and motoric behavior in aging mice. We assessed behavioral and cognitive performance in C57Bl/6 mice aged 6, 18, and 24months, and followed this with microarray analysis of tissue from the medial prefrontal cortex and analysis of serum cytokine levels. Multivariate modeling of these data suggested that the age-related changes in ... Experimental Gerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4824263 Mon, 28 Mar 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4824263 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4668305&cid=s_35566_18_f&fid=35566&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21419212%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Bautmans I, Vantieghem S, Gorus E, Grazzini YR, Fierens Y, Pool-Goudzwaard A, Mets T Multiple causes contribute to the prolonged reaction-times (RT) observed in elderly persons. The involvement of antagonist muscle co-activation remains unclear. Here the Mm. Biceps and Triceps Brachii activation in 64 apparently healthy elderly (80±6years) and 60 young (26±3years) subjects were studied during a simple RT-test (moving a finger using standardized elbow-extension from one pushbutton to another following a visual stimulus). RT was divided in pre-movement-time (PMT, time for stimulus processing) and movement-time (MT, time for motor response completion). RT-performance was significantly worse in elderly compared to young; the slowing was more pronounced for MT than PMT (respectiv... Experimental Gerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4668305 Thu, 24 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4668305 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4607213&cid=s_35566_18_f&fid=35566&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21397002%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Verónica GL, Esther RR, Israel PT, Guadalupe BD Several factors such as age, gender, race, lifestyle and diet, contribute to the prevalence of the metabolic syndrome, which has become the new epidemic of this century. They also contribute to the prevalence, age of appearance and outcome of cardiovascular disease, which is the number one cause of morbidity and mortality in men and women worldwide. Metabolic syndrome increases the risk of developing cardiovascular diseases, hypertension and type-2 diabetes, among other diseases. In this paper we analyze from a pathogenetic point of view, two of the factors which contribute to the increasing prevalence of the metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular diseases: age and gender. The gender variations are a consequence of the different ... Experimental Gerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4607213 Wed, 09 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4607213 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4607214&cid=s_35566_18_f&fid=35566&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21396438%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Ahn JH, Choi JH, Kim JS, Lee HJ, Lee CH, Yoo KY, Hwang IK, Lee YL, Shin HC, Won MH Aging shows slowly progressive changes and is associated with many functional and morphological changes in the central nervous system. The accumulation of reactive oxygen species causes age-related deterioration in neuronal function and contributes to the increase of disease susceptibility during normal aging. In the present study, we compared the neuronal distribution and immunoreactivities of 4-hydroxy-2E-nonenal (4-HNE, end product of lipid peroxidation), and superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) and SOD2 in the cervical and lumbar spinal cord between adult (2-3years) and aged (10-12years) dogs. No significant change in neuronal morphology was observed after cresyl violet staining. The number of NeuN... Experimental Gerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4607214 Tue, 08 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4607214 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4607215&cid=s_35566_18_f&fid=35566&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21385605%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Ma Q, Qiang J, Gu P, Wang Y, Wang YG Autophagy is responsible for the degradation of long-lived proteins and damaged organelles intracellular, even extracellular,and autophagy is proved to have relationship with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and aging. The senescence accelerated mouse prone 8 (SAMP8) was a non-genetically modified mice widely used as a rodent model of aging and senile dementia. However, little was known about the age-related changes of autophagy in the brain of SAMP8 mice. To better understand the precise relationship between aging, autophagy and neurodegeneration, we explored the time course of cognitive ability, ubiquitin-positive inclusions, ultrastructure of neurons and detected the expression of LC3 and Beclin 1 protein in different brain reigons of 2, 7 and 1... Experimental Gerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4607215 Sat, 05 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4607215 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4607216&cid=s_35566_18_f&fid=35566&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21382465%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Kim JS, Kim EJ, Kim HJ, Yang JY, Hwang GS, Kim CW Stress induced premature senescence (SIPS) occurs after exposure to many different sublethal stresses including H(2)O(2), hyperoxia, or tert-butylhydroperoxide. Human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) exhibit limited proliferative potential in vitro, the so-called Hayflick limit. According to the free-radical theory, reactive oxygen species (ROS) might be the candidates responsible for senescence and age-related diseases. H(2)O(2) may be responsible for the production of high levels of ROS, in which the redox balance is disturbed and the cells shift into a state of oxidative stress, which subsequently leads to premature senescence with shortening telomeres. H(2)O(2) has been the most commonly used inducer of SIPS, which shares fea... Experimental Gerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4607216 Fri, 04 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4607216 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4607224&cid=s_35566_18_f&fid=35566&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21376793%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Gutman R, Genzer Y, Chapnik N, Miskin R, Froy O αMUPA transgenic mice exhibit spontaneously reduced eating and increased life span compared with their wild type (WT) control FVB/N mice. αMUPA mice also show high-amplitude circadian rhythms in food intake, body temperature, and hepatic clock gene expression. Here we examined young and aged WT and αMUPA mice for the period of locomotor activity (tau) under total darkness (DD). We show that tau changed in WT mice from a period <24h at 8months to a period >24h at 18months. However, the period of αMUPA mice was ~24h at both 8 and 18months. As deviation of tau from 24h has been found to be inversely related to life span in a large number of rodents, our results suggest that the sustainable endogenous period of ~24h in αMU... Experimental Gerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4607224 Thu, 03 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4607224 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4607223&cid=s_35566_18_f&fid=35566&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21376794%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Ruiz M, Sanchez D, Canal I, Acebes A, Ganfornina MD Apolipoprotein D (ApoD), a member of the Lipocalin family, is the gene most up-regulated with age in the mammalian brain. Its expression strongly correlates with aging-associated neurodegenerative and metabolic diseases. Two homologues of ApoD expressed in the Drosophila brain, Glial Lazarillo (GLaz) and Neural Lazarillo (NLaz), are known to alter longevity in male flies. However, sex differences in the aging process have not been explored so far for these genes. Here we demonstrate that NLaz alters lifespan in both sexes, but unexpectedly the lack of GLaz influences longevity in a sex-specific way, reducing longevity in males but not in females. While NLaz has metabolic functions similar to ApoD, the regulation of GLaz expre... Experimental Gerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4607223 Thu, 03 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4607223 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4607222&cid=s_35566_18_f&fid=35566&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21377515%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, we explored the mechanisms by which the angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI), enalapril, and the Ang II receptor blocker (ARB), losartan suppress oxidative stress and NF-κB activation-induced inflammatory responses in aged rat kidney. The experimentations were carried out utilizing aged (24-month-old) Brown Norway×Fischer 344 (F1) male rats which were randomized into 3 groups and administered enalapril (40mg/kg), losartan (30mg/kg) or placebo for 6months (daily p.o.). The level of reactive species (RS), peroxynitrite (ONOO(-)), GSH/GSSG and lipid peroxidation were measured. The activity of the pro-inflammatory transcription factor NF-κB, and gene expression of proteins in upstream signaling cascades were measured by electro-mobility shift assay (EMSA) and Wester... Experimental Gerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4607222 Thu, 03 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4607222 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4607221&cid=s_35566_18_f&fid=35566&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21377516%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Pliss L, Brakmanis A, Ranka R, Elferts D, Krumina A, Baumanis V Various studies have demonstrated that mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) heteroplasmy tends to increase with age and that the observed frequency of heteroplasmy among populations mostly depends on the way it is measured. Therefore, we investigated age-related association on the presence of mtDNA heteroplasmy within the hypervariable segment 1 (HVS-I) in a selected study group. The study group consisted of 300 maternally unrelated Latvians ranging in age from 18 to over 90years. To determine the optimal method for mtDNA heteroplasmy detection, three approaches were used: (i) SURVEYORTM Mutation Detection Kit, (ii) sequencing and (iii) denaturing gradient-gel electrophoresis (DGGE). Among the studied individuals, 30.3% were... Experimental Gerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4607221 Thu, 03 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4607221 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4607220&cid=s_35566_18_f&fid=35566&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21377517%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Suda H, Sato K, Shimizu Y We previously proposed a rate theory of chemical reaction as well as a lifespan equation derived by a stochastic fluctuation theory. Both were applied to biodemographic data by C. elegans to quantitatively explain that respiratory activity declines exponentially with age and that it has a physiological decline rate and a finite value (threshold) in advanced age. In this work, using the poikilothermic nature of C. elegans, we demonstrate the further validity of the rate theory of chemical reaction as well as the lifespan equation by changing two methods First, to test the appropriateness of the lifespan equation from another aspect, lifespan assays were conducted by varying the time interval of observation employing the egl-1 mutant. The results indica... Experimental Gerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4607220 Thu, 03 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4607220 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4607219&cid=s_35566_18_f&fid=35566&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21377518%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: González-Martínez A, Rosado B, Pesini P, Suárez ML, Santamarina G, García-Belenguer S, Villegas A, Monleón I, Sarasa M Aging dogs naturally demonstrate cognitive impairment and neuropathology that model early Alzheimer's disease (AD). In particular, there is evidence that canine cognitive dysfunction syndrome (CDS) in aged dogs is accompanied by cortical deposition of Aβ peptides and neurodegeneration. Plasma Aβ levels have been examined in humans as putative biomarkers for AD, but to date, no similar studies have been conducted for canine dementia. The aim of the present study was to assess plasma Aβ1-42 and Aβ1-40 levels in a blind study using pet dogs that were either successfully aging or exhibiting CDS. The severity of cognitive impairment was assessed using an o... Experimental Gerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4607219 Thu, 03 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4607219 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4607218&cid=s_35566_18_f&fid=35566&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21377519%26dopt%3DAbstract The objective of this study was to observe the changes in activities of monoamine oxidase, glucose transporter-4 levels, membrane fluidity, lipid peroxidation levels and lipofuscin accumulation occurring in brains of female rats of 3months (young), 12months (adult) and 24months (old) age groups, and to see whether these changes are restored to normal levels after exogenous administration of estradiol (0.1μg/g body weight for 1month). The results obtained in the present work revealed that normal aging was associated with significant increases in the activity of monoamine oxidase, lipid peroxidation levels and lipofuscin accumulation in the brains of aging female rats, and a decrease in glucose transporter-4 level and membrane fluidity. Our data showed that estradiol treatment significantly... Experimental Gerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4607218 Thu, 03 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4607218 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4607217&cid=s_35566_18_f&fid=35566&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21377520%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, we describe the functional, structural and genetic changes in murine hearts as they first develop cardiomyopathy of aging. PMID: 21377520 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Experimental Gerontology) Experimental Gerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4607217 Thu, 03 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4607217 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4419783&cid=s_35566_18_f&fid=35566&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21277365%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Yang H, Wen SR, Zhang GW, Wang TG, Hu FX, Li XL, Wang DS Fuzhisan (FZS), a chinese herbal complex prescription, has been used in the treatment of Alzheimer`s disease (AD) for more than 16years. However the underlying mechanism remains to be explored. The effects of the aqueous extract of FZS on the cognitive functions of the aged mice and the pharmacological basis for its therapeutic efficacy were investigated. The results showed that FZS improved impaired cognitive ability of aged SAMP-8 mice. FZS (2.4, 4.8g/kg/d) increased hippocampal neurogenesis and the long-term survival of BrdU-labeled cells without affecting the proportion of BrdU-positive neurons and glial cells. FZS also increased the number of BrdU-positive cells in the subventricular zone (SVZ) of the lateral ventri... Experimental Gerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4419783 Thu, 27 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4419783 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4419784&cid=s_35566_18_f&fid=35566&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21262335%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, the mtDNA C150T polymorphism could not present an accumulation in an elderly Han Chinese population. Previous association studies might have been influenced by nuclear DNA and/or environment factors. PMID: 21262335 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Experimental Gerontology) Experimental Gerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4419784 Fri, 21 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4419784 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4419785&cid=s_35566_18_f&fid=35566&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21256205%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, noninvasive quantification of FV/BV ratio using an image analysis software is as reliable as histology for identifying age related marrow fat changes with high inter and intra-rater reliability. These findings provide a new noninvasive method for quantifying marrow fat, which is useful and can be tested not only in animals but also in human studies. PMID: 21256205 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Experimental Gerontology) Experimental Gerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4419785 Thu, 20 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4419785 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4356714&cid=s_35566_18_f&fid=35566&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21211561%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Fetoni AR, Picciotti PM, Paludetti G, Troiani D Presbycusis is the most common cause of hearing loss in aged subjects, reducing individual's communicative skills. Age related hearing loss can be defined as a progressive, bilateral, symmetrical hearing loss due to age related degeneration and it can be considered a multifactorial complex disorder, with both environmental and genetic factors contributing to the aetiology of the disease. The decline in hearing sensitivity caused by ageing is related to the damage at different levels of the auditory system (central and peripheral). Histologically, the aged cochlea shows degeneration of the stria vascularis, the sensorineural epithelium, and neurons of the central auditory pathways. The mechanisms responsible for age-associated hea... Experimental Gerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4356714 Tue, 04 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4356714 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4356734&cid=s_35566_18_f&fid=35566&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21187139%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Tatar M It has been almost two decades since dietary restriction was first shown to increase Drosophila lifespan. Since then, understanding this phenomenon advanced as groups worked to identify what quality of restricted diet matters: calories or a specific nutrient. The problem is complex because is it difficult to measure what a fly actually consumes. A powerful solution uses the geometric framework of nutrition where diets in many combinations can be tested for their effects on lifespan and reproduction while measuring intake. Applied to Drosophila, it is now clear that specific nutrients, not calories, mediate longevity. The geometric framework also reveals a nutritional basis for the trade-off between reproduction and lifespan. This complements a stable-isotope analysis t... Experimental Gerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4356734 Sat, 25 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4356734 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4259684&cid=s_35566_18_f&fid=35566&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21130861%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Nishimura M, Ocorr K, Bodmer R, Cartry J With age, cardiac performance declines progressively and the risk of heart disease, a primary cause of mortality, rises dramatically. As the elderly population continues to increase, it is critical to gain a better understanding of the genetic influences and modulatory factors that impact cardiac aging. In an attempt to determine the relevance and utility of the Drosophila heart in unraveling the genetic mechanisms underlying cardiac aging, a variety of heart performance assays have recently been developed to quantify Drosophila heart performance that permit the use of the fruit fly to investigate the heart's decline with age. As for the human heart, Drosophila heart function also deteriorates with age. Notably, with progressive age the... Experimental Gerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4259684 Fri, 03 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4259684 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4259721&cid=s_35566_18_f&fid=35566&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21130151%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Katewa SD, Kapahi P Extensive studies in model organisms in the last few decades have revealed that aging is subject to profound genetic influence. The conserved nutrient sensing TOR (Target of Rapamycin) pathway is emerging as a key regulator of lifespan and healthspan in various species from yeast to mammals. The TOR signaling pathway plays a critical role in determining how a eukaryotic cell or a cellular system co-ordinates its growth, development and aging in response to constant changes in its surrounding environment? TOR integrates signals originating from changes in growth factors, nutrient availability, energy status and various physiological stresses. Each of these inputs is specialized to sense particular signal(s), and conveys it to the TOR complex which in turn re... Experimental Gerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4259721 Thu, 02 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4259721 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4228929&cid=s_35566_18_f&fid=35566&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21122814%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, the effects of caffeine (CAF) and SCH58261, a selective A(2A) receptor antagonist, on memory impairment and oxidative stress generated by aging in rats were investigated. Young and aged rats were treated daily per 10 days with CAF (30 mg/kg p.o.) or SCH58261 (0.5 mg/kg, p.o.) or vehicle (1 ml/kg p.o.). Rats were trained and tested in a novel object recognition task. After the behavioral test, ascorbic acid and oxygen and nitrogen reactive species levels as well as Na(+)K(+) ATPase activity were determined in rat brain. The results demonstrated that the age-related memory deficit was reversed by treatment with CAF or SCH58261. Treatment with CAF or SCH58261 significantly normalized oxygen and nitrogen reactive species levels increased in brains of aged rats. Na(+)K(+) ATPase ... Experimental Gerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4228929 Sun, 28 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4228929 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4228930&cid=s_35566_18_f&fid=35566&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21118714%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Pijpe J, Pul N, van Duijn S, Brakefield PM, Zwaan BJ Candidate genes for the regulation of lifespan have emerged from studies that use mutants and genetically manipulated model organisms. However, it is rarely addressed whether these genes contribute to lifespan variation in populations of these species that capture natural standing genetic variation. Here, we explore expression variation in three candidate ageing genes, Indy, sod2, catalase, in Bicyclus anynana, a butterfly with well understood ecology. We used populations established from natural populations and artificially selected for increased adult starvation resistance. They show a considerable increase in adult lifespan under both starvation and optimal food conditions. We measured adult butterflies of various ages, u... Experimental Gerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4228930 Sat, 27 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4228930 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4228936&cid=s_35566_18_f&fid=35566&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21111799%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Biteau B, Karpac J, Hwangbo D, Jasper H Cellular responses to extrinsic and intrinsic insults have to be carefully regulated to properly coordinate cytoprotection, repair processes, cell proliferation and apoptosis. Stress signaling pathways, most prominently the Jun-N-terminal Kinase (JNK) pathway, are critical regulators of such cellular responses and have accordingly been implicated in the regulation of lifespan in various organisms. JNK signaling promotes cytoprotective gene expression, but also interacts with the insulin signaling pathway to influence growth, metabolism, stress tolerance and regeneration. Here, we review recent studies in Drosophila that elucidate the tissue-specific and systemic consequences of JNK activation that ultimately impact lifespan of the organi... Experimental Gerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4228936 Fri, 26 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4228936 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4228935&cid=s_35566_18_f&fid=35566&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21111800%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Yamagishi SI A non-enzymatic reaction between ketones or aldehydes and the amino groups of proteins, lipids and nucleic acids contributes to the aging of macromolecules and to the development and progression of various age-related disorders such as vascular complications of diabetes, Alzheimer's disease, cancer growth and metastasis, insulin resistance and degenerative bone disease. Under hyperglycemic and/or oxidative stress conditions, this process begins with the conversion of reversible Schiff base adducts, and then to more stable, covalently-bound Amadori rearrangement products. Over a course of days to weeks, these early glycation products undergo further reactions and rearrangements to become irreversibly crossed-linked, fluorescent protein derivatives termed advanced g... Experimental Gerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4228935 Fri, 26 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4228935 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4228931&cid=s_35566_18_f&fid=35566&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21115107%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Brown-Borg HM, Borg KE PMID: 21115107 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Experimental Gerontology) Experimental Gerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4228931 Fri, 26 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4228931 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4228933&cid=s_35566_18_f&fid=35566&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21112313%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Seto JT, Chan S, Turner N, Macarthur DG, Raftery JM, Berman YD, Quinlan KG, Cooney GJ, Head S, Yang N, North KN Deficiency of the fast-twitch muscle protein α-actinin-3 due to homozygosity for a nonsense polymorphism (R577X) in the ACTN3 gene is common in humans. α-Actinin-3 deficiency (XX) is associated with reduced muscle strength/power and enhanced endurance performance in elite athletes and in the general population. The association between R577X and loss in muscle mass and function (sarcopenia) has previously been investigated in a number of studies in elderly humans. The majority of studies report loss of ACTN3 genotype association with muscle traits in the elderly, however, there is some indication that the XX genotype may be associated with faster muscle function dec... Experimental Gerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4228933 Thu, 25 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4228933 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4228932&cid=s_35566_18_f&fid=35566&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21112383%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Humpel C Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive chronic disorder and is characterized by β-amyloid plaques and angiopathy, tau pathology, neuronal cell death, and inflammatory responses. The reasons for this disease are not known. This review proposes the hypothesis that a chronic mild longlasting cerebrovascular dysfunction could initiate a cascade of events leading to AD. It is suggested that (vascular) risk factors (e.g. hypercholesterolemia, type 2 diabetes, hyperhomocysteinemaia) causes either damage of the cerebrovascular system including silent strokes or causes dysregulation of beta-amyloid clearance at the blood-brain barrier resulting in increased brain beta-amyloid. A cascade of subsequent downstream events may lead to disturbed metabolic changes, and neuroinfla... Experimental Gerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4228932 Thu, 25 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4228932 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4228934&cid=s_35566_18_f&fid=35566&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21111801%26dopt%3DAbstract We examined whether adherence to a Mediterranean-style diet has positive effects on mobility assessed over a 9-year follow-up in a representative sample of older adults. This research is part of the InCHIANTI Study, a prospective population-based study of older persons in Tuscany, Italy. The sample for this analysis included 935 women and men aged 65years and older. Adherence to the Mediterranean diet was assessed at baseline by the standard 10-unit Mediterranean diet score (MDS). Lower extremity function was measured at baseline, and at the 3-, 6- and 9-year follow-up visits using the short physical performance battery (SPPB). At baseline, higher adherence to Mediterranean diet was associated with better lower body performance. Participants with higher adherence experienced less decline i... Experimental Gerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4228934 Wed, 24 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4228934 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4205714&cid=s_35566_18_f&fid=35566&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21095226%26dopt%3DAbstract This study compares the expression and phosphorylation of MAP kinase and mTOR networks in head, neck, tongue, and limb muscles from 8- and 26-month old F344 rats to test the hypothesis that physical activity and developmental origin contribute to preservation of muscle mass with age. Phosphorylation of p38 was exaggerated in aged branchial arch muscles. Phosphorylation of ERK and p70S6k T421/S424 declined with age only in the biceps brachii. Expression of p70S6k declined in all head and neck, tongue and limb muscles although no change in phosphorylation of p70S6k on T389 could be resolved. A systemic change that results in a loss of p70S6k protein expression may reduce the capacity to respond to acute hypertrophic stimuli, while the exaggerated p38 signaling in branchial arch muscles may r... Experimental Gerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4205714 Sat, 20 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4205714 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4205715&cid=s_35566_18_f&fid=35566&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21094246%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, young (6 mo) and old (24-28 mo) mice were subjected to 2 hours of TK-induced ischemia of the hindlimb followed by 1, 3, 5, or 7days of reperfusion. Real time-PCR analysis revealed clear age-related reductions and temporal alterations in the expression of IGF-I and individual IGF-I Ea and Eb splice variants. ELISA verified a reduction of IGF-I peptide with age following 7days recovery from TK. Western blotting showed that the phosphorylation of Akt, mTOR, and FoxO3, all indicators of anabolic activity, were reduced in the muscles of old mice. These data indicate an age-related impairment of IGF-I expression and intracellular signaling does exist following injury, and potentially has a role in the impaired recovery of skeletal muscle with age. PMID: 21094246 [PubMed - as s... Experimental Gerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4205715 Thu, 18 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4205715 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4173375&cid=s_35566_18_f&fid=35566&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21074600%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Vo TK, Godard P, de Saint-Hubert M, Morrhaye G, Debacq-Chainiaux F, Swine C, Geenen V, Martens HJ, Toussaint O The abundance of a selection of transcript species involved in inflammation, immunosenescence and stress response was compared between PBMC of 35 geriatric patients with hip fracture in acute phase (day 2-4 after hospitalization) or convalescence phase (day 7-10) and 28 healthy aged controls. Twenty-nine differentially abundant transcripts were identified in acute phase versus healthy ageing. Twelve of these transcripts remained differentially abundant in convalescence phase, and 22 were similarly differentially abundant in acute phase of geriatric infectious diseases. Seven of these 22 transcripts were previously identified as differentially abundant in PBMC of healt... Experimental Gerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4173375 Wed, 10 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4173375 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4173374&cid=s_35566_18_f&fid=35566&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21074601%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Yu S, Driscoll M More than 400 genes have been noted to modulate C. elegans longevity. Recent studies testing the role of proposed secreted insulin binding proteins unexpectedly revealed a potent role for the EGF signaling pathway in promoting healthy aging and longevity in C. elegans. Activation of EGF receptor LET-23 is associated with increased mean and maximum lifespan, maintained pharyngeal pumping, extended locomotory function, and low lipofuscin and advanced glycation end product accumulation. Conversely, reducing the activity of the EGF pathway is associated with system-wide evidence of progeria. The EGF pathway appears to work in a manner largely independent of the insulin/IGF-like pathway, in that effects are additive with reduction of DAF-2/InsR activity and are not... Experimental Gerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4173374 Wed, 10 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4173374 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4173376&cid=s_35566_18_f&fid=35566&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21070848%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Zara S, Di Stefano A, Nasuti C, Rapino M, Patruno A, Pesce M, Sozio P, Cerasa LS, Cataldi A Alzheimer's disease is a neurodegenerative pathology due to the presence of β amyloid plaques at brain level and hippocampus level and associated with the loss of memory speech and learning. At the basis of these effects lie molecular mechanisms which include Nitric Oxide metabolic pathway, whose involvement in the occurrence of morphological modifications related to such neurodegenerative process is suggested. Current evidences show that the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug ibuprofen posses a protective effect against the development of the disease, substantially delaying its onset; furthermore (R)-α-lipoic acid seems to have an antioxidant ameliorating effect on disease progress... Experimental Gerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4173376 Mon, 08 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4173376 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4159531&cid=s_35566_18_f&fid=35566&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21056099%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, our analysis demonstrates that short life span in N. furzeri is a consequence of a typical teleost aging processes which determines systemic failure of homeostasis functions rather than of a single organ or apparatus. Unlike other teleosts, however, this scenario is reinforced by high incidence of age-dependent neoplasias, making this species a promising model to analyze the molecular pathways of age-dependent spontaneous tumorigenesis. PMID: 21056099 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Experimental Gerontology) Experimental Gerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4159531 Wed, 03 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4159531 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4111287&cid=s_35566_18_f&fid=35566&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20971182%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Wang L, Jones DL Throughout life, adult stem cells play essential roles in maintaining tissue and organ function by providing a reservoir of cells for homeostasis and regeneration. A decline in stem cell number or activity may, therefore, lead to compromised organ and tissue function that is characteristic of aging. Drosophila has emerged as an ideal system for studying the relationship between stem cells and aging, as it has a short lifespan, tissues that are maintained by adult stem cells, and conserved pathways known to regulate aging. In this review, we highlight recent findings describing intrinsic and extrinsic age-related changes that affect the behavior of Drosophila germline and intestinal stem cells. We also discuss whether pathways affecting lifespan can act autonom... Experimental Gerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4111287 Wed, 20 Oct 2010 23:00:00 +0100 4111287 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4111286&cid=s_35566_18_f&fid=35566&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20971183%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Alabarse PV, Hackenhaar FS, Medeiros TM, Mendes MF, Viacava PR, Schüller AK, Salomon TB, Ehrenbrink G, Benfato MS Reproduction alters the male physiology. We performed a comprehensive study to examine oxidative stress in the brains of male rats with (experienced) or without (naïve) reproductive activity during aging. Oxidative stress was assessed by measuring the activity of catalase, glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione S-transferase, aconitase, and aconitase reactivated, and by measuring lipid peroxidation, protein carbonylation, nitrite and nitrate levels, vitamin C levels, and glutathione (total, reduced, oxidized forms) levels in brain tissue, as well as testosterone and estradiol levels in serum. Reproductively active animals exhibited increased te... Experimental Gerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4111286 Wed, 20 Oct 2010 23:00:00 +0100 4111286 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4111288&cid=s_35566_18_f&fid=35566&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20970491%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Flatt T Reproduction shortens lifespan in practically all organisms examined so far, but the underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown to date. Here I review what evolutionary and molecular biologists have learned about such "costs of reproduction" in the fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster) since Maynard Smith's (1958) seminal discovery that sterile mutants in D. subobscura live substantially longer than fertile wildtype flies. Together with observations from the nematode worm (Caenorhabditis elegans) and other organisms, the data from Drosophila suggest that there are at least four general principles that underlie trade-offs between reproduction and lifespan: (1) trade-offs between survival and reproduction are widespread; (2) the relationship between increased lifespan an... Experimental Gerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4111288 Tue, 19 Oct 2010 23:00:00 +0100 4111288 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4098898&cid=s_35566_18_f&fid=35566&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20965244%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Hsieh YS, Hsu CY Trophocytes and fat cells are distributed around the abdominal segments in honeybees (Apis mellifera). Whether these cells are a good model for cellular senescence studies is unknown. Here we used histochemical, biochemical, and genetic techniques to investigate the fluctuation of age-related molecules in trophocytes and fat cells of newly emerged and old worker bees. Histochemical studies revealed that old worker trophocytes and fat cells exhibited more senescence-associated β-galactosidase, lipofuscin granules, and non-homogeneous cellular morphology compared to the same cells in newly emerged workers. Biochemical assays demonstrated that trophocytes and fat cells of old workers expressed more lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation than those of newly eme... Experimental Gerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4098898 Sun, 17 Oct 2010 23:00:00 +0100 4098898 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4082584&cid=s_35566_18_f&fid=35566&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20955773%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSION: The therapeutic efficacy of voluntary exercise against insulin-resistance in aging rats is achieved mainly through restoration of HISS-action. PMID: 20955773 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Experimental Gerontology) Experimental Gerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4082584 Thu, 14 Oct 2010 23:00:00 +0100 4082584 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4082586&cid=s_35566_18_f&fid=35566&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20951790%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Mitzelfelt JD, Dupree JP, Seo DO, Carter CS, Morgan D There is growing concern over the increasing use of opioids to treat chronic pain in the elderly primarily because of the potential increased sensitivity to the adverse side effects. Here, we use a preclinical model (male Brown Norway X F344 rats aged 12, 18, 24, and 30months) to describe the outcome of chronic fentanyl administration (1.0mg/kg/day) on various physiological and behavioral measures. Continuous fentanyl administration resulted in an initial decrease in food consumption, followed by the development of tolerance to this effect over a 4-week period and a subsequent increase in food consumption during withdrawal. This change in food consumption was associated with decreases in body weight (predominantly due to a ... Experimental Gerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4082586 Wed, 13 Oct 2010 23:00:00 +0100 4082586 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4082585&cid=s_35566_18_f&fid=35566&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20951791%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, the effect of mild stress on learning and task retention (1 week later) was assessed in young and aged mice. In addition, because exercise can counteract negative effects of stress and facilitate learning, the effect of one week of voluntary exercise on task retention was assessed. Regulation of the learning/memory related genes BDNF exon VI, synapsin, MAPK, and CRFR1 were also examined in the hippocampus using real-time PCR. Results of this study demonstrate that mild stress 24 hours prior to the learning test improved performance in aged, but not young animals. However, exercise for one week between tests improved the performance of both groups of animals in the retention task. In aged, but not young animals, all four genes increased significantly after exercise. Thus, in ... Experimental Gerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4082585 Wed, 13 Oct 2010 23:00:00 +0100 4082585 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4082588&cid=s_35566_18_f&fid=35566&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20951194%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Miura Y, Sato Y, Arai Y, Abe Y, Takayama M, Toda T, Hirose N, Endo T We performed proteomic analysis of plasma proteins in Japanese semisuper centenarians (SSCs) (>105years) and young controls (20-39years), and found that 18 protein spots were altered in the plasma of SSCs. From peptide mass fingerprinting following in-gel digestion, it was demonstrated that paraoxonase/arylesterase 1 (PON 1) and apolipoprotein E were decreased, while haptoglobin β-chain, α(1)-microglobulin, and clusterin precursor were increased in SSCs. Interestingly, proteins related to oxidative stress, PON1, haptoglobin, α(1)-microglobulin, and clusterin, were altered in SSCs. These results suggest that systemic redox regulation is important for the longevity of SSCs. Overall, proteomics analysis is... Experimental Gerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4082588 Tue, 12 Oct 2010 23:00:00 +0100 4082588 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4082587&cid=s_35566_18_f&fid=35566&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20951195%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, this study provides evidence that LAMA5 rs659822 regulates anthropometric and metabolic traits in elderly people. Future studies are warranted to replicate these findings in independent and larger populations and to investigate whether rs659822 is the causal variant responsible for the observed associations. PMID: 20951195 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Experimental Gerontology) Experimental Gerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4082587 Tue, 12 Oct 2010 23:00:00 +0100 4082587 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4067111&cid=s_35566_18_f&fid=35566&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20933076%26dopt%3DAbstract Discussion contains a listing of discoveries derived from this recent research that appear to be unique to the investigations on medfly aging in the wild. It is suggested that studies of aging in wild populations of Drosophila melanogaster have the potential to exploit this model organism in an entirely new aging research domain and thus complement the already deep literature on aging in this species. PMID: 20933076 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Experimental Gerontology) Experimental Gerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4067111 Mon, 04 Oct 2010 23:00:00 +0100 4067111 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4067110&cid=s_35566_18_f&fid=35566&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20933077%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Zhang H, Liu Y, Lao M, Ma Z, Yi X Mitochondrial oxidative stress induced by reactive oxygen species (ROS) has been strongly associated with the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer's disease (AD). We used mitochondrial transgenic neuronal cell cybrid models of sporadic AD (SAD), which overproduce ROS compared to control cybrids, to investigate the protective effects of puerarin, an isoflavone purified from Chinese herb radix of Pueraria lobata, on viability, endogenous ROS and intracellular signaling pathways. SAD cybrids had increased apoptosis and increased accumulation of ROS that was inhibited by puerarin. Western blotting demonstrated that SAD cybrids had increased basal activation of the caspase-3, p38 and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) that we... Experimental Gerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4067110 Mon, 04 Oct 2010 23:00:00 +0100 4067110 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4053656&cid=s_35566_18_f&fid=35566&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20923699%26dopt%3DAbstract In this report we present evidence that increased visceral fat leads to inflammation and subsequent bone loss in 12-month-old C57BL/6J mice that were fed 10% corn oil (CO)-based diet and a control lab chow (LC) for 6 months. As expected from our previous work, CO-fed mice demonstrated increased visceral fat and enhanced total body fat mass compared to LC. The adipocyte-specific PPARγ and bone marrow (BM) adiposity were increased in CO-fed mice. In correlation with those modifications, inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α) were significantly elevated in CO-fed mice compared to LC-fed mice. This inflammatory BM microenvironment resulted in increased superoxide production in osteoclasts and undifferentiated BM cells. In CO-fed mice, the increased number of osteoclasts per trabecular ... Experimental Gerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4053656 Fri, 01 Oct 2010 23:00:00 +0100 4053656 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4053657&cid=s_35566_18_f&fid=35566&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20920571%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Skoumalová A, Ivica J, Santorová P, Topinková E, Wilhelm J Oxidative stress, which is present in Alzheimer´s disease (AD), results in the formation of various end-products of free radical reactions with proteins and lipids. At present there are no reliable diagnostic biomarkers of AD in the blood. Therefore, specific products of lipid peroxidation in the blood of AD patients were investigated. Lipophilic extracts of erythrocytes in the group of patients with AD (n=44) and age-matched controls (n=16) were studied. The end-products of lipid peroxidation, so called lipofuscin-like pigments (LFP), were analyzed by fluorescence spectroscopy. It was found that the level of these products is significantly increased in erythrocytes of AD patients compared to controls. LFP were fur... Experimental Gerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4053657 Thu, 30 Sep 2010 23:00:00 +0100 4053657 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4031622&cid=s_35566_18_f&fid=35566&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20888895%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Edrey YH, Park TJ, Kang H, Biney A, Buffenstein R Animals that have evolved exceptional capabilities, such as extraordinary longevity may reveal pertinent and potentially critical insights into biomedical research that are not readily apparent in standard laboratory animals. Naked mole-rats (Heterocephalus glaber; NMRs) are extremely long-lived (30years) mouse-sized rodents. They clearly have evolved superior anti-aging mechanisms as evident by the markedly attenuated age-related decline in physiological function, sustained reproductive capacity and pronounced cancer resistance throughout their long-lives. These eusocial rodents, like the social insects, live in colonies with breeding restricted to one female and a few males. Subordinates are sexually monomorphic, yet retain t... Experimental Gerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4031622 Wed, 29 Sep 2010 23:00:00 +0100 4031622 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4031621&cid=s_35566_18_f&fid=35566&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20888896%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Collins C, Tzima E Aging is a key risk factor associated with the associated onset of cardiovascular disease. Notably, vascular aging and cardiovascular disease are both with endothelial dysfunction, or a marked decrease in production and bioavailability the vasodilator of nitric oxide (NO). As a result of decreased nitric oxide availability, aging vessels often exhibit endothelial cell senescence and increased oxidative stress. One of the most potent activators of NO production is fluid shear stress produced by blood flow. Interestingly, age-related decrease in NO production partially results from endothelial insensitivity to shear stress. While the endothelial cell response to fluid shear stress has been well characterized in recent years, the exact mechanisms of how the mec... Experimental Gerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4031621 Wed, 29 Sep 2010 23:00:00 +0100 4031621 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4031624&cid=s_35566_18_f&fid=35566&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20883770%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Silva E, Pinto V, Simão S, Serrão MP, Afonso J, Amaral J, Pinho MJ, Gomes P, Soares-da-Silva P It has been suggested that alterations in Na(+),K(+)-ATPase mediate the development of several aging-related pathologies, such as hypertension and diabetes. Thus, we evaluated Na(+),K(+)-ATPase function and H(2)O(2) production in the renal cortex and medulla of Wistar Kyoto (WKY) rats at 13, 52 and 91 weeks of age. Creatinine clearance, proteinuria, urinary excretion of Na(+) and K(+) and fractional excretion of Na(+) were also determined. The results show that at 91 weeks old WKY rats had increased creatinine clearance and did not have proteinuria. Despite aging having had no effect on urinary Na(+) excretion, urinary K(+) excretion was increased and fractional Na(+) excretion was... Experimental Gerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4031624 Sun, 26 Sep 2010 23:00:00 +0100 4031624 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4031623&cid=s_35566_18_f&fid=35566&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20883771%26dopt%3DAbstract We present a longitudinal study on the impact of CR on early stage sarcopenia in the upper leg of monkeys from ~16years to ~22years of age. Using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry we show that CR delayed the development of maximum muscle mass and, unlike Control animals, muscle mass of the upper leg was preserved in CR animals during early phase sarcopenia. Histochemical analyses of vastus lateralis muscle biopsies revealed that CR opposed age-related changes in the proportion of Type II muscle fibers and fiber cross-sectional area. In contrast the number of muscle fibers with mitochondrial electron transport system enzyme abnormalities (ETS(ab)) was not significantly affected by CR. Laser capture microdissection of ETS(ab) fibers and subsequent PCR analysis of the mitochondrial DNA reveale... Experimental Gerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4031623 Sun, 26 Sep 2010 23:00:00 +0100 4031623 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4018058&cid=s_35566_18_f&fid=35566&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20870017%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Pardon MC Lifestyle factors emerge as key modifiers of the risk and progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most prevalent senile dementia. Stress accelerates, whereas positive lifestyle factors such as physical and mental exercise, slow the progression of AD symptoms and neuropathological hallmarks in humans and genetic mouse models of the condition. Positive lifestyle factors are thought to improve brain function and delay ageing through the induction of a mild stress response as opposed to excessive stress reactions causing the harmful effects of adverse stressors. This suggests that stress mediators can be targeted for the development of improved treatment for AD. This review discussed the involvement of glucocorticoids, corticotrophin-releasing hormone (CRH) and chol... Experimental Gerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4018058 Wed, 22 Sep 2010 23:00:00 +0100 4018058 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4018059&cid=s_35566_18_f&fid=35566&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20869430%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Viviani B, Boraso M The achievement that cytokines and all the related "transducing machinery" are expressed within the central nervous system and play a consistent role in the modulation of neurological functions and dysfunctions, has allowed a novel interpretation of brain behaviour. In this view, neuroinflammation and cytokines production has been acknowledged as potential triggers of the functional changes occurring in the brain during"normal" and "pathological" aging. In particular the aged brain seem to be characterized by increased levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines. A growing number of reports show that cytokines may specifically interact with neuronal channels regulating neuronal excitability, synaptic plasticity and responses to injury. By reviewing literature and ... Experimental Gerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4018059 Tue, 21 Sep 2010 23:00:00 +0100 4018059 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4001670&cid=s_35566_18_f&fid=35566&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20863877%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Piriz J, Muller A, Trejo JL, Torres-Aleman I Insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) are important modulators of organismal life-span all along phylogeny. These growth factors are widely viewed as detrimental for long life by reducing tissue resistance to oxidative stress. However, IGF-I has been consistently shown to be a potent neuroprotective factor in mammals, and as such, a deterrent of brain aging. Conversely, recent data suggest that IGF-I may contribute to amyloid neurodegeneration underlying Alzheimer´s disease. These opposing observations underline an incomplete understanding of the significance of this ancestral hormone pathway in relation to brain aging. It is possible that these opposite results are the consequence of using different experimental approaches. Thus, b... Experimental Gerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4001670 Sun, 19 Sep 2010 23:00:00 +0100 4001670 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3991807&cid=s_35566_18_f&fid=35566&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20840862%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Tower J Since their discovery in Drosophila, the heat shock proteins (Hsps) have been shown to regulate both stress resistance and life-span. Aging is characterized by increased oxidative stress and the accumulation of abnormal (malfolded) proteins, and these stresses induce Hsp gene expression through the transcription factor HSF. In addition, a subset of Hsps is induced by oxidative stress through the JNK signaling pathway and the transcription factor Foxo. The Hsps counteract the toxicity of abnormal proteins by facilitating protein refolding and turnover, and through other mechanisms including inhibition of apoptosis. The Hsps are up-regulated in tissue-specific patterns during aging, and their expression correlates with, and sometimes predicts, life span, making them idea... Experimental Gerontology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3991807 Fri, 17 Sep 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3991807