MedWorm.com provides a medical RSS filtering service. Over 6000 RSS medical sources are combined and output via different filters. This feed contains the latest items from the 'Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology' source. Thu, 09 Feb 2012 00:42:11 +0100 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5646409&cid=s_35560_32_f&fid=35560&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22285760%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Alimi H, Hfaeidh N, Bouoni Z, Sakly M, Rhouma KB Abstract The aim of the present study was to investigate the efficacy of Opuntia ficus indica f. inermis fruit juice (OFIj) on reversing oxidative damages induced by chronic ethanol intake in rat erythrocytes. OFIj was firstly analyzed with HPLC for phenolic and flavonoids content. Secondly, 40 adult male Wistar rats were equally divided into five groups and treated for 90 days as follows: control (C), ethanol-only 3g/kg body weight (b.w) (E), low dose of OFIj 2ml/100g b.w+ethanol (Ldj+E), high dose of OFIj 4ml/100g b.w+ethanol (Hdj+E), and only a high dose of OFIj 4ml/100g b.w (Hdj). HPLC analysis indicated high concentrations of phenolic acids and flavonoids in OFIj. Ethanol treatment markedly decreased the activities of e... Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5646409 Fri, 27 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5646409 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5646410&cid=s_35560_32_f&fid=35560&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22284335%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSION: The effectiveness of everolimus after rat LTX depended on the grade of inflammation of the allograft before initiation of drug treatment. Only allografts with no or low grade AR benefit from long-term treatment with everolilmus in the prevention of BO after LTX. It could be speculated that conversion to an everolimus-based immunosuppression after LTX might only be successful in patients free of BO. PMID: 22284335 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology) Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5646410 Wed, 25 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5646410 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5646411&cid=s_35560_32_f&fid=35560&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22281418%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, MAO-B is involved in the acute neurotoxicity of MPTP in embryonic and newborn mice. PMID: 22281418 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology) Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5646411 Tue, 24 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5646411 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5646413&cid=s_35560_32_f&fid=35560&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22261359%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Chen P, Kakan X, Wang S, Dong W, Jia A, Cai C, Zhang J Abstract The Period 2 (Per2) gene is an important component of the circadian system and is thought to modulate many physiological and pathological processes in mammals. In the previous study, we have disclosed the protective role of Per2 against carbon tetrachloride induced liver injury and fibrosis. Here we further assess the effect of Per2 deficiency on cholestatic hepatic injury and fibrosis. Cholestasis was induced by bile duct ligation (BDL) for 10 days in wild-type (WT) and Per2(-/-) mice. Masson trichrome staining and analysis of α-SMA immunohistochemistry were performed to show the collagen accumulation and the HSC activation, respectively. The mRNA levels of fibrosis-related genes were monitored by quantitati... Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5646413 Tue, 17 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5646413 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5646412&cid=s_35560_32_f&fid=35560&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22261360%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that AAWE suppresses compound 48/80-induced mast cell activation by inhibition of cellular mechanisms in signaling pathways, and would be beneficial for treatment of mast cell-mediated anaphylactic response. PMID: 22261360 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology) Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5646412 Tue, 17 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5646412 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5611438&cid=s_35560_32_f&fid=35560&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22257562%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Gerhauser I, Wohlsein P, Ernst H, Germann PG, Baumgärtner W Abstract Syrian golden hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus) are laboratory animals increasingly used for research and toxicological studies. Despite the need for an adequate knowledge of spontaneously occurring lesions, studies investigating the background pathology of different organ systems in hamsters are lacking. The aim of this study was to investigate the occurrence of spontaneous, age-dependent lesions in the central nervous system of this species. Multiple brain and spinal cord transverse sections of 520 hamsters of 1, 3, 6, 12, and 24 months of age were investigated using histology and immunohistochemistry. Vacuolation of grey matter neuropil and mineralisation especially in the brain stem were the most promi... Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5611438 Mon, 16 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5611438 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5586296&cid=s_35560_32_f&fid=35560&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22236574%26dopt%3DAbstract This study was carried out to investigate the chemopreventive potential of rosmarinic acid (RA) against 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH) induced rat colon carcinogenesis by evaluating the effect of RA on tumour formation, antioxidant enzymes, cytochrome P450 content, p-nitrophenol hydroxylase and GST activities. Rats were divided into six groups and fed modified pellet diet for the entire experimental period. Group 1 served as control, group 2 received RA (10mg/kgb.w.). Groups 3-6 were induced colon cancer by injecting DMH (20mg/kgb.w.) subcutaneously once a week for the first four weeks (groups 3-6). In addition, RA was administered at the doses of 2.5, 5 and 10mg/kgb.w. to groups 4-6 respectively. DMH treated rats showed large number of colonic tumours; decreased lipid peroxidation; decreased... Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5586296 Mon, 09 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5586296 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5571682&cid=s_35560_32_f&fid=35560&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22217449%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Ramasamy S, Abdul Wahab N, Zainal Abidin N, Manickam S Abstract Species of Phyllanthus have traditionally been used for hundreds of years for treating many ailments including diabetes, anemia, bronchitis and hepatitis. The present study aims to investigate the cytotoxic and apoptotic effects of methanol (PWM), hexane (PWH) and ethyl acetate (PWE) extracts from the leaves of the endemic plant Phyllanthus watsonii Airy Shaw (Phyllanthaceae) on MCF-7 human breast cancer cells. We observed that the PWM, PWH and PWE extracts were cytotoxic and selectively inhibited the growth and proliferation of MCF-7 cells compared to untreated control in a dose dependent manner with an IC(50) of 12.7±4.65, 7.9±0.60 and 7.7±0.29μg/ml, respectively. However, the extracts were not toxic at ... Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5571682 Mon, 02 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5571682 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5556668&cid=s_35560_32_f&fid=35560&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22206608%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Hata M, Iida H, Yamanegi K, Yamada N, Ohyama H, Hirano H, Nakasho K, Terada N Abstract The oral administration of thioacetamide to rats induces cholangiofibrosis characterized by hyperplasia of ductules surrounded by fibrous tissue. In the present study, we examined the expression of markers of cholangiocyte and hepatocyte phenotypes in these hyperplastic ductule cells and their proliferative activity immunohistochemically. The oral administration of thioacetamide to 21-day-old male Fisher 344 rats for 12 weeks induced multiple areas of various sizes with hyperplastic ductules. The ductules consisted of two types of ductules; ductules composed of cholangiocyte-like cuboidal cells with transparent nuclei and cytoplasm, and of intestinal epithelium-like (IE-like) cells of ba... Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5556668 Tue, 27 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5556668 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5556670&cid=s_35560_32_f&fid=35560&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22205119%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Sethi RS, Schneberger D, Singh B Abstract Exposure to chicken barn air causes lung injury resulting in lower and upper respiratory symptoms in the poultry workers, and mechanisms of which are not fully understood. The lung injury can initiate modifications such as proliferation of the airway epithelial cells such as Clara cells, type II alveolar (T2) cells and mucus producing goblet cells as part of the innate immune response. Toll-like receptors (TLR) have been suggested to play a role in cell division and proliferation. To understand the effect of TLR9 on Clara cells, T2 and mucus-producing goblet cells, we quantified the numbers of these cells in the lungs of wild-type (WT) and TLR9(-/-) mice exposed to chicken barn air. The mice were exposed for either one day or five ... Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5556670 Mon, 26 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5556670 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5556669&cid=s_35560_32_f&fid=35560&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22205120%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study we investigated the chemical composition and protective role of Oxalis corniculata methanol extract (OCME) on CCl(4)-induced nephrotoxicity in rat. Presence of flavonoids, alkaloids, terpenoids, saponins, cardiac glycosides, phlobatannins and steroids was determined in OCME while tannins were absent. Total phenolic contents estimated were 7.76±0.36 (mg gallic acid equivalents/g extract) while total flavonoid contents recorded were 6.92±0.52 (mg rutin equivalents/g extract). Intraperitoneal injection of CCl(4) (1ml/kg b.w., 20% in olive oil) once a day for seven days caused nephrotoxicity as evident by elevated levels of urinary specific gravity, RBCs, WBCs, creatinine, protein, urobilinogen and nitrite. Serum level of creatinine, urea, blood urea nitrogen were significantly... Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5556669 Mon, 26 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5556669 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5556671&cid=s_35560_32_f&fid=35560&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22197459%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Ouédraogo M, Lamien-Sanou A, Ramdé N, Ouédraogo AS, Ouédraogo M, Zongo SP, Goumbri O, Duez P, Guissou PI Abstract Oxidative stress due to abnormal production of reactive oxygen species has been implicated in the nephrotoxicity induced by gentamicin. The nephroprotective effect of aqueous-ethanolic extract of Moringa oleifera leaves (150 and 300mg/kg) was evaluated against gentamicin-induced (80mg/kg) renal injury in rabbits. Serum urea and creatinine levels were evaluated as the markers of renal nephrotoxicity. At the end of the experiment, the kidneys of rabbits were excised for histological examinations and determination of lipid peroxidation levels. Serum urea and creatinine levels were reduced in the M. oleifera (150 and 300mg/kg) plus gentamicin treated groups. On... Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5556671 Thu, 22 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5556671 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5484662&cid=s_35560_32_f&fid=35560&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22134123%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Khan RA, Khan MR, Sahreen S Abstract Antioxidant effects of Launaea procumbens methanol extract (LPME) were evaluated against CCl(4)-induced oxidative stress in liver of rat. 48 male rats were equally divided in to 8 groups (06 rats each). Group I (control) remained untreated, while Group II was given vehicles (olive oil and DMSO). Animals of Groups III, IV, V, VI and VII were injected intraperitoneally with CCl(4) (3ml/kg b.w.; i.p., 20% CCl(4)/olive oil) twice a week for four weeks. Group III received only CCl(4) while Group IV was given rutin (50mg/kg b.w.). Group V, VI and VII were administered LPME at a dose of 100, 150 and 200mg/kg b.w., respectively. Animals of Group VIII received LPME (200mg/kg b.w.) alone. Oxidative stress induced with CCl(4) in liver was evident ... Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5484662 Tue, 29 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5484662 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5270214&cid=s_35560_32_f&fid=35560&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20541922%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Mondal NK, Ghosh S, Ray MR Abstract The effect of glue snuffle on the expression of argyrophilic nucleolar organizer regions (AgNORs), an indicator of ribosome biosynthesis, in epithelial cells of oral mucosa has been investigated. AgNOR was evaluated by cytochemical staining in 148 Indian street boys (median age 12 year) who had different bad addictions like tobacco smoking, chewing and most importantly inhaling glue and 20 age- and body mass index-matched school boys who had no such type of bad habit. Compared with school boys, glue addicted street boys showed remarkably increased number of AgNOR dots per nucleus (9.38±1.84 vs. 3.12±0.87, p<0.001), AgNOR size (1.34±0.52 vs. 0.43±0.02μm(2), p<0.001) and percentage of AgNOR occupied nuclear area (9.38±2.12 vs. ... Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5270214 Sat, 01 Oct 2011 11:51:50 +0100 5270214 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5270213&cid=s_35560_32_f&fid=35560&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20570120%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Adaramoye OA, Okiti OO, Farombi EO Abstract The effect of dried fruit extract from Xylopia aethiopica (Annonaceae) (XA) and vitamin C (VC) against γ-radiation-induced liver and kidney damage was studied in male Wistar rats. XA and VC were given orally at a dose of 250mg/kg, orally for 6 weeks prior to and 8 weeks after radiation (5Gy). The rats were sacrificed after 1 and 8 weeks of single exposure to radiation. Results showed that all animals in un-irradiated group survived (100%), while 83.3% and 66.7% survived in XA- and VC-treated groups, respectively, and 50% survived in irradiated group. The levels of serum, liver and kidney lipid peroxidation (LPO) were elevated by 88%, 102% and 73% after 1 week of exposure, and by 152%, 221% and 178%, after 8 weeks of exposure, re... Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5270213 Sat, 01 Oct 2011 11:51:31 +0100 5270213 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5270212&cid=s_35560_32_f&fid=35560&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20627497%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Liang G, Chen M, Pan XL, Zheng J, Wang H Abstract Prenatal ethanol exposure has been well documented to be one of the etiological factors responsible for intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR). Previous studies have shown that chronic ethanol exposure during pregnancy elevated the basic level of corticosterone in fetus. However, the potential mechanisms behind them are still unclear. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of prenatal ethanol exposure on maternal and fetal hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis as well as placental 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 (11β-HSD-2), and to clarify the mechanism of ethanol-induced IUGR. Pregnant mice were intragastricly administrated with ethanol at a dose of 6.4gkg(-1)d(-1) from day 11 to 17 of ge... Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5270212 Sat, 01 Oct 2011 11:51:11 +0100 5270212 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5270211&cid=s_35560_32_f&fid=35560&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20627677%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Noorafshan A, Karbalay-Doust S, Valizadeh A, Aliabadi E Abstract Metronidazole (MTZ), an anti-parasitic drug, induces negative effects on the testis. Curcumin exhibits antioxidant properties and anti-tumor properties. The aim was to evaluate negative effects of seminiferous tubules and Leydig cells by MTZ and ameliorative effects of curcumin. Balb/c mice were divided into six groups. The control, second, third, fourth and fifth, and sixth groups were administrated distilled water, high doses of MTZ (500mg/kg/day), MTZ (500mg/kg/day) +100mg/kg/day curcumin, therapeutic doses of MTZ (165mg/kg/day), MTZ (165mg/kg/day) +100mg/kg/day curcumin, and 100mg/kg/day curcumin, respectively. The data revealed significant reduction in tubule volume, length and diameter and germinal epit... Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5270211 Sat, 01 Oct 2011 11:51:01 +0100 5270211 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5270210&cid=s_35560_32_f&fid=35560&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20965120%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Adisa RA, Choudhary MI, Olorunsogo OO Abstract The present study evaluates the possible hypoglycemic activity and ameliorative effects of oral administration of ethanol extracts (EEBC) and butanol fraction (BFBC) of Buchholzia coriacea seeds, a plant in use traditionally for treating diabetes, hypertension, rheumatism, cold, cough and catarrh, in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice and rats. Fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels were evaluated before and after extracts administration. EEBC and BFBC significantly decreased (P<0.05) FBG in hyperglycemic mice and normoglycemic rats within 4 and 12h, respectively after extract administration. The administration of EEBC, BFBC and glibenclamide (a standard antidiabetic drug) for 10 days significantly lowered (P<0.05) F... Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5270210 Sat, 01 Oct 2011 11:50:41 +0100 5270210 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5270209&cid=s_35560_32_f&fid=35560&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21943927%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Al-Khalifa A, Mathew TC, Al-Zaid NS, Mathew E, Dashti H Abstract Diabetes continues to be an overwhelmingly prevalent endocrine disorder that leads to several micro- and macrocomplications. It has been widely accepted that changes in dietary habits could induce or prevent the onset of diabetes. It is shown that low carbohydrate ketogenic diet (LCKD) is effective in the amelioration of many of the deleterious consequences of diabetes. However, its role in preventing the onset of diabetes is not understood. Therefore, this study is focused on the effect of LCKD in preventing the induction of diabetes using streptozotocin (STZ) in rats by biochemical and histological methods. Forty-two Wistar rats weighing 150-250g were used in this study. The animals were divided into three ... Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5270209 Sat, 01 Oct 2011 11:50:31 +0100 5270209 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5270208&cid=s_35560_32_f&fid=35560&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21945048%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Carlus M, Elies L, Fouque MC, Maliver P, Schorsch F Abstract Incidences of neoplastic lesions were evaluated in untreated Hannover Wistar Rats RjHan: WI (470 males and 470 females) used as control animals in eight carcinogenicity studies. All these studies were performed in a similar environment either for the in vivo and the postmortem evaluation. The major neoplastic lesions were found in the endocrine, integumentary and reproductive systems. Pituitary adenoma was the most frequent neoplasm and occurred in 33.9% of the males and 54.6% of the female rats. The other most frequent tumors in males were thyroid C-cell adenoma (8.6%), pancreatic islet cell adenoma (8.1%), subcutaneous fibrosarcoma (6.6%), subcutaneous fibroma (4.7%), benign pheochromocytoma (3.4%), and cutaneo... Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5270208 Sat, 24 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5270208 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5270207&cid=s_35560_32_f&fid=35560&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21945421%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Petitpas F, Sichel F, Hébert B, Lagadu S, Beljean M, Pottier D, Laurentie M, Prevost V Abstract Chronic alcohol consumption is known to result in tissue injury, particularly in the liver, and is considered a major risk factor for cancers of the upper respiratory tract. Here we assessed the oxidative effects of subchronic ethanol consumption on DNA and lipids by measuring biomarkers 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-oxodG) and malondialdehyde (MDA), respectively. Physiological responses of pigs (n=4) administered ethanol in drinking water for 39 days were compared with those of water-fed pigs (n=4). Alcoholisation resulted in serum ethanol concentration of 1.90gL(-1) and in a moderate but significant increase in alanine aminotransferase activity, an index of liver inj... Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5270207 Fri, 23 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5270207 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5236286&cid=s_35560_32_f&fid=35560&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21924596%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Wen YF, Zhao JQ, Bhadauria M, Nirala SK Abstract Therapeutic potential of baicalin was evaluated against Cd-induced hepatic cytotoxicity and oxidative stress. Exposure to Cd (cadmium chloride) in Chang liver cell culture produced cytotoxicity in terms of increase in cell growth inhibition rate, alanine aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase, and cellular lipid peroxidation, which was significantly mitigated by baicalin in a concentration dependent manner. Acute exposure to Cd (6.5mg/kg body weight; ip once only) produced a condition of oxidative stress in rats and substantially increased LPO and GSSG level along with corresponding decrease in GSH and various antioxidant enzymes in liver and also increased the leakage of liver marker enzymes in serum. Therapy with baicalin... Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5236286 Wed, 14 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5236286 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5236285&cid=s_35560_32_f&fid=35560&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21924597%26dopt%3DAbstract We examined the sequential histopathological changes in the placenta from rats exposed to cisplatin. Cisplatin was intraperitoneally administered at 2mg/kg/day during GDs 11-12 (GD11,12-treated group), or GDs 13-14 (GD13,14-treated group), and the placentas were sampled on GDs 13, 15, 17 and 21. Fetal mortality rates were increased up to approximately 65% from GD 17 onward, and fetal weights were decreased on GD 21 in the GD11,12-treated group. A reduction in placental weights was detected from GD 15 onward, and the placentas on GD 21 were macroscopically small and thin in both treated groups. Histopathologically, in the GD13,14-treated group, an increase in apoptotic cells was detected on GDs 15 and 17 in the labyrinth zone, and on GD 21 in the basal zone, resulting in labyrinth zone hypo... Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5236285 Wed, 14 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5236285 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5236284&cid=s_35560_32_f&fid=35560&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21924598%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Müller LG, Pase CS, Reckziegel P, Barcelos RC, Boufleur N, Prado AC, Fett R, Block JM, Pavanato MA, Bauermann LF, da Rocha JB, Burger ME Abstract The hepatoprotective activity of the aqueous extract of the shells of pecan nut was investigated against ethanol-induced liver damage. This by-product of the food industry is popularly used to treat toxicological diseases. We evaluated the phytochemical properties of pecan shell aqueous extract (AE) and its in vitro and ex vivo antioxidant activity. The AE was found to have a high content of total polyphenols (192.4±1.9mg GAE/g), condensed tannins (58.4±2.2mg CE/g), and antioxidant capacity, and it inhibited Fe(2+)-induced lipid peroxidation (LP) in vitro. Rats chronically treated with ethanol (Et) had increased plasmatic tran... Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5236284 Wed, 14 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5236284 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5236283&cid=s_35560_32_f&fid=35560&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21924599%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Rjiba-Touati K, Ayed-Boussema I, Belarbia A, Azzebi A, Achour A, Bacha H Abstract Cisplatin is an effective agent against various solid tumors. Despite its effectiveness, the dose of cisplatin that can be administered is limited by its nephrotoxicity. Therefore, strategies for minimising the toxicity of cisplatin are of a clinical interest. The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effect of recombinant human erythropoietin (rhEPO) against the cytotoxicity and apoptosis induced by cisplatin in cultured Vero cells. Three types of treatments were performed: (i) cells were treated with rhEPO 24h before exposure to cisplatin (pre-treatment), (ii) cells were treated with rhEPO and cisplatin simultaneously (co-treatment), (iii) cells were treated with rhEPO 24h aft... Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5236283 Wed, 14 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5236283 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5236291&cid=s_35560_32_f&fid=35560&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21920720%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, black tea partially protects the composition and level of rat liver cell integral membrane proteins against changes caused by ethanol intoxication. PMID: 21920720 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology) Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5236291 Tue, 13 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5236291 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5236290&cid=s_35560_32_f&fid=35560&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21920721%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Chang J, Liu S, Zhou S, Wang M, Zhu G Abstract Butachlor, a chloracetamide herbicide, is widely used in China. In the present study, paired adult male and female zebrafish (Danio rerio) were exposed to various concentrations of butachlor (0, 25, 50 and 100μg/L) for 30 days, and the effects on reproduction and endocrine disruption were evaluated using fecundity, condition factor (CF), gonadosomatic index (GSI), liver somatic index (LSI), plasma vitellogenin (VTG), sex steroids and thyroid hormone levels as endpoints. Our results showed that the mean fecundity rates were significantly decreased at 50 and 100μg/L butachlor during the 30-day exposure period. At the end of the exposure period, no significant changes were observed in CF and LSI in both females and males, while... Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5236290 Tue, 13 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5236290 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5236289&cid=s_35560_32_f&fid=35560&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21920722%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, our results show that Tsv causes strong edema in rat airways which is independent of mast cell activation and show that mast cells are not directly activated by Tsv. PMID: 21920722 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology) Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5236289 Tue, 13 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5236289 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5236288&cid=s_35560_32_f&fid=35560&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21920723%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Mohamed HE, El-Swefy SE, Mohamed RH, Ghanim AM Abstract Cisplatin is one of the most important chemotherapeutic agents useful in the treatment of a variety of solid tumors; however, it has several side effects such as nephrotoxicity. In the present study, the effect of rhEPO on acute kidney injury induced by i.p. injection of rats with 9.0mg/kg cisplatin was studied. It was observed that EPO treated group showed a significantly lower rate in the extent and severity of the histological signs of kidney injury than untreated one. This is attributed to (i) a decrease in the elevated oxidative and nitrosative stress markers, (ii) reduction of the expression of VEGF, HO-1 and iNOS as well as (iii) improvement of Bcl2 immunoreaction in most tubular cells. Thus, EPO may be one of ... Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5236288 Tue, 13 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5236288 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5236287&cid=s_35560_32_f&fid=35560&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21920724%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Dhamija I, Kumar N, Manjula SN, Parihar V, Setty MM, Pai KS Abstract In the present study, the root nodules of Premna herbacea Roxb. (PH) was investigated for its in vitro cytotoxicity and in vivo antitumor activity. Two extracts, aqueous and alcoholic; two fractions of alcoholic extract, ethyl acetate and butanol fractions were screened for their in vitro cytotoxicity by brine shrimp lethality (BSL) assay, trypan blue exclusion assay and MTT assay. Alcoholic extract and its ethyl acetate fraction were found to be the most effective in BSL assay, trypan blue exclusion assay. In vivo antitumor activity was screened in the Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) model and the Dalton lymphoma ascites (DLA) model. The extracts and the fractions were tested at two dosages (250 and 500m... Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5236287 Tue, 13 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5236287 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5223817&cid=s_35560_32_f&fid=35560&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21917435%26dopt%3DAbstract This study was designed to characterize smell sensitivity (using behavioral tests) and immunohistochemical effects on olfactory neuroepithelium induced by pyridine exposure in mice. Olfactory marker protein (OMP) and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) were used to characterize respectively mature olfactory neurons and basal cells. Results showed that inhalation exposure to pyridine had no impact on smell sensitivity whatever the concentration used and the time of exposure. These findings were in agreement with immunohistochemical measurements showing the same cellular kinetic whatever the condition of exposition to pyridine. Indeed, OMP-positive cells increased and PCNA-positive cells decreased as early as the beginning of exposure and cell amounts remained stable at this level unti... Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5223817 Mon, 12 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5223817 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5182614&cid=s_35560_32_f&fid=35560&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21880472%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSIONS: PTX-3 may have a role in the APAP-induced liver injury in the rats. The elevated liver PTX-3 in the APAP-induced hepatic necrosis might be a marker of acute histological liver damage. Further prospective studies are necessary to clarify the prognostic value of liver PTX-3 for prediction of histological hepatic necrosis in the APAP-induced liver injury. PMID: 21880472 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology) Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5182614 Sun, 28 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5182614 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5169305&cid=s_35560_32_f&fid=35560&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21855308%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Ito T, Suzuki K, Uchida K, Nakayama H Abstract Subcutaneous and intraperitoneal administrations of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) induce selective dopaminergic (DA-ergic) neuronal death in many animal species. After passing through the blood-brain barrier (BBB), MPTP is converted to 1-methy-4-phenylpiridinium (MPP(+)) by astrocytic monoamine oxidase-B (MAO-B). MPP(+) then induces the dopaminergic neuronal death. In mice, marked strain differences in the susceptibility to MPTP-injection have been reported. To clarify which factor(s) cause the strain differences, MPTP or MPP(+) was intracerebroventricularly (icv) injected into adult C57BL/6 (highly susceptible to MPTP) and BALB/c (resistant to MPTP) mice. The brain tissues including the striatum and subs... Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5169305 Wed, 17 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5169305 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5169304&cid=s_35560_32_f&fid=35560&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21856137%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, AA has detrimental effects on peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) and the Gut Associated Lymphoid Tissue (GALT) in rats. PMID: 21856137 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology) Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5169304 Tue, 16 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5169304 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5146272&cid=s_35560_32_f&fid=35560&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21852078%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Vijayaraj P, Muthukumar K, Sabarirajan J, Nachiappan V Abstract The flower extract of Cassia auriculata, herb has been used traditionally in India for medicinal purposes. The plant has been reported to treat hyperglycemia and associated hyperlipidemia. Hyperlipidemia and oxidative stress are known to accelerate coronary artery disease and progression of atherosclerotic lesions. The present work was undertaken to investigate the possible antihyperlipidemic and antioxidative effect of C. auriculata flower on hyperlipidemic rats. Hyperlipidemia was induced in rats by a single intravenous (iv) injection of Triton WR 1339 (300mg/kg b.w.) and it showed sustained elevated levels of serum cholesterol and triglyceride. Ethanolic extract of C. auriculata flowers (Et-CAF) (150, 300, ... Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5146272 Mon, 15 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5146272 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5078776&cid=s_35560_32_f&fid=35560&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21798732%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Sai T, Uchida K, Nakayama H 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1, 2, 3, 6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) causes damage to dopaminergic neurons in the nigrostriatal system, similar to that seen in Parkinson disease (PD). Recently, a few reports have confirmed neuroblastic apoptosis in the subventricular zone (SVZ) of adult C57BL/6J mice by i.p. injection of MPTP, and concluded that MPTP is also toxic to neuroblasts in the SVZ. While there have been many researches on the neurotoxicity of MPTP in adult mice, there have been only a few in fetal mice. In the present study, we assessed the toxicity of MPTP to embryonic and newborn mice after a single injection into pregnant or newborn mice. MPTP and 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP(+)), a metabolite of MPTP, caused loss of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)-posi... Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5078776 Mon, 25 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5078776 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5078777&cid=s_35560_32_f&fid=35560&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21795029%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Rodríguez S, Ito T, He XJ, Uchida K, Nakayama H 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) has been proved to be a potent neurotoxin on dopaminergic neurons inducing most of the symptoms and cerebral lesions observed in the idiopathic Parkinson's disease (PD). Although there is a substantial body of theory and researches about the effects of MPTP on susceptible mice and nonhuman primates, there are only few studies in resistant animals, such as golden hamsters (GH). The low levels of cerebral monoamine oxidase-B (MAO-B) enzyme have been proposed as the cause of the GH insensitivity to MPTP. The aim of this study was to elucidate whether MAO-B is the only factor which confer GH resistance to MPTP. Neither loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compa... Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5078777 Sun, 24 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5078777 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5078778&cid=s_35560_32_f&fid=35560&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21788124%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Ito T, Uchida K, Nakayama H 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) induces severe degeneration of dopaminergic (DA-ergic) neurons when administrated to C57BL/6 mice, but such lesions are not observed in BALB/c mice. To clarify the factors which influence such marked strain differences in the susceptibility to MPTP, the involvement of neuronal NOS (nNOS) and inducible NOS (iNOS) was investigated. MPTP was intraperitoneally (ip) administrated to adult C57BL/6 (highly sensitive) and BALB/c (resistant) mice. Immunohistochemical analysis using an antibody to tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) showed a significant decrease in TH-immunopositive areas in the striatum and TH-positive cells in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) of MPTP-treated C57BL/6 mice at 1 and 7days (d) ... Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5078778 Fri, 22 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5078778 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5078779&cid=s_35560_32_f&fid=35560&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21764274%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Sancheti S, Sancheti S, Seo SY The present study was intended to examine the effects of the supplementation of active α-glucosidase, α-amylase and lipase inhibitory ethyl acetate (CSE) fraction from the fruits of Chaenomeles sinensis (Thouin) Koehne on blood glucose (BG), triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransaminase (AST), acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and antioxidant levels. The diabetic rats were treated orally with CSE at the doses of 50 and 100mg/kg bw for 14 days. BG, TC, TG, HDL-C, ALT, AST and AChE levels were significantly reduced; on the other hand antioxidant levels were significantly increased in the treated groups. These observations suggest protective effects of... Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5078779 Thu, 14 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5078779 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5029546&cid=s_35560_32_f&fid=35560&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21752616%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Nitha B, Fijesh PV, Janardhanan KK The hepatoprotective activity of cultured mycelium of morel mushroom Morchella esculenta against CCl(4) and ethanol induced chronic hepatotoxicity was investigated. Hepatotoxicity was induced by challenging the animals with CCl(4) (1:5, v/v, 3.75ml/kg body weight, i.p., 30 doses) and ethanol (36%, v/v, 6ml/animal, p.o., 35 doses) and the extract was administered at two concentrations (250 and 500mg/kg body weight). Hepatoprotection was evaluated by determining the activities of liver function marker enzymes and antioxidant status of liver and also by histopathological observations of liver tissue. Administration of both ethanol and CCl(4) elevated the levels of liver function enzymes, GOT, GPT and ALP in serum drastically. The treatment with ... Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5029546 Sun, 10 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5029546 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5029561&cid=s_35560_32_f&fid=35560&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21742476%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Hvizdošová-Kleščová A, Uhlík J, Malina M, Vulterinová H, Novotný T, Vajner L The increased fetoplacental vascular resistance due to chronic hypoxia cannot be explained by simple hypoxic vasoconstriction, as it sustains to some degree after recovery in normobaric environment. To verify a hypothesis that fetoplacental arteries undergo remodeling of their walls similar to remodeling of pulmonary arteries in hypoxic pulmonary hypertension, we used a model of the chronically hypoxic rat placenta. Han Wistar pregnant rats were exposed to 14-day hypoxia (10% of oxygen) during the 6th to 19th day of pregnancy. Chronic hypoxia elicited in both intraplacental (prelabyrinthine) and chorionic plate (insertion) arteries significant narrowing of their lumina. Irregular thickening of... Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5029561 Thu, 07 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5029561 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4984798&cid=s_35560_32_f&fid=35560&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21703836%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, in this study we found that the oral exposure to rats of up to 1000mg/kg of calcium and magnesium citrate during organogenesis did not induce significant maternal and embryo-fetal toxicity. The experimentally derived NOAEL for developmental toxicity was 1000mg/kg. PMID: 21703836 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology) Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4984798 Tue, 21 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4984798 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4984800&cid=s_35560_32_f&fid=35560&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21676604%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Tripathi NK, Schultze AE, Pearson RC, Everds NE, Elliott GS, Ramaiah L, Wells MY, Latimer KS, Walter GL, Katavolos P, Collins ND, Tarrant J, Walker DB, Topper MJ, Jordan HL, O'Rourke LG, Guilpin VB, Brockus CW, Wilcox AL, Clemo FA, Smith GS, Reagan WJ, McCartney JE PMID: 21676604 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology) Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4984800 Sun, 12 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4984800 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4984799&cid=s_35560_32_f&fid=35560&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21676605%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusions, damage to blood vasculature by rotenone appeared mediating neuronal and non-neuronal pathology in Sprague-Dawley rats. This effect might provide new insights for ethiopathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases and contributes to the understanding of hemorrhagic stroke. PMID: 21676605 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology) Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4984799 Sun, 12 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4984799 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4929441&cid=s_35560_32_f&fid=35560&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21665447%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Sato H, Sakairi T, Takagi S, Kitamura K Altered hepatocellular focus was histopathologically observed in the liver of a 6-week-old Sprague-Dawley rat. The hepatocytes within this lesion had diffusely eosinophilic cytoplasm with scattered basophilia and slightly enlarged nuclei with prominent nucleoli. Based on these cytological characteristics, the lesion of these hepatocytes was classified as an amphophilic focus. This is the first report to describe spontaneous amphophilic focus in a young rat. PMID: 21665447 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology) Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4929441 Thu, 09 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4929441 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4929442&cid=s_35560_32_f&fid=35560&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21652192%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, S. dentifolium polysaccharide extracts E1 and E3 possessed a potential anti-genotoxic and a promising anti-mutagenic activity. PMID: 21652192 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology) Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4929442 Sun, 05 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4929442 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4929443&cid=s_35560_32_f&fid=35560&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21641783%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Basha RH, Priscilla DH Altered mitochondrial function plays an important role in the pathology of myocardial infarction. We investigated the protective effects of N-acetylcysteine on mitochondrial dysfunction in isoproterenol induced myocardial infarcted rats. Rats were pretreated with N-acetylcysteine (10mg/kg) orally daily for 14days. After pretreatment, rats were induced myocardial infarction by isoproterenol (100mg/kg) at an interval of 24h for 2 days. Lipid peroxidation products, antioxidants, lipids, mitochondrial marker enzymes and calcium in the mitochondrial heart were determined. Transmission electron microscopic and in vitro studies were also done. Isoproterenol treatment caused significant increase in mitochondrial lipid peroxides and lipids except phospholipids wi... Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4929443 Thu, 02 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4929443 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4929445&cid=s_35560_32_f&fid=35560&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21640567%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Arivarasu NA, Priyamvada S, Mahmood R Cisplatin (CP) is a widely used antineoplastic drug that exhibits gastrointestinal toxicity. We have previously shown that administration of a single dose of CP results in a decrease in the activities of several brush border membrane (BBM) enzymes, induces oxidative stress and alters the activities of several antioxidant enzymes in the small intestine of rats. In the present study we have investigated the effect of treatment with the dietary antioxidant caffeic acid (CA) on CP induced biochemical changes in the intestine. Administration of a single intraperitoneal dose of CP alone (6mg/kg body weight) led to a decrease in the activities of the BBM enzymes, increase in lipid peroxidation, decrease in sulfhydryl groups and changes in the act... Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4929445 Tue, 31 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4929445 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4929444&cid=s_35560_32_f&fid=35560&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21640568%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Saddala RR, Thopireddy L, Ganapathi N, Kesireddy SR Plants with antidiabetic activities provide important source for the development of new drugs in the management of diabetes mellitus. The main aim of this study was to evaluate the protective effect of aqueous extract (AE) of Pimpinella tirupatiensis (Pt) tuberous root on cardiac oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation (LPO) in non-diabetic and streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Diabetes was induced in male Wistar rats by a single administration of STZ (40mg/kg intraperitoneal (i.p). AE (750mg/kg/b.w./day) and glibenclamide (GLB) (20mg/kg/b.w./day) were administrated orally by intra oral gastric tube for 30 days. After 4 weeks of hyperglycaemia the enzymatic and non-enzymatic factors were measured in cardiac tissue o... Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4929444 Tue, 31 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4929444 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4780957&cid=s_35560_32_f&fid=35560&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21530204%26dopt%3DAbstract This study was carried out to investigate the preventive effects of galactoglucomannan (GGM), a homogeneous polysaccharide from Dendrobium huoshanense, on liver injury and fibrosis induced by sodium selenite. Sprague-Dawley rats injected subcutaneously with sodium selenite at the dosage of 3.28mgkg(-1) b.wt. were set as the model groups. Rats treated with sodium selenite at the dosage of 3.28mgkg(-1) b.wt. and GGM at 50-200mgkg(-1) b.wt. were set as the prevention groups. Biochemical and histological analysis showed that GGM significantly ameliorated selenite-induced liver injury and fibrosis in rats. Oral administration of GGM effectively attenuated the toxicity of selenite to liver tissue, which was judged both by the decreased activities of serum hepatic enzymes, including alanine amino... Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4780957 Wed, 27 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4780957 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4780959&cid=s_35560_32_f&fid=35560&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21530202%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Danesh G, Hellak T, Reinhardt KJ, Végh A, Schäfer E, Lippold C The aim of this in vitro study was to assess different auto-curing resins based on methylmethacrylate (MMA) and new light-curing resins based on urethane dimethacrylate (UDMA) regarding the residual monomers remaining in the resin and their elution over time. Specimens from three auto-curing and three light-curing resins were produced following the manufacturer's instructions. The concentration of residual MMA and UDMA monomers present in the resins as well as the quantity of the residual monomers released into artificial saliva solution after immersion times of 1, 3, and 7 days were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Data were statistically analyzed using ANOVA and the post hoc Student-Ne... Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4780959 Tue, 26 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4780959 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4780958&cid=s_35560_32_f&fid=35560&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21530203%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Yang F, Ren L, Zhuo L, Ananda S, Liu L Triptolide is one of the most widely used and one of the most potent Chinese traditional herbal medicines. However, side effects, especially nephrotoxicity, limit the use of triptolide. It has been reported that oxidative stress is involved in drug-induced nephrotoxicity. In the present study, we focused on observing triptolide-induced acute nephrotoxicity in rats and investigating whether or not oxidative stress is involved in the pathogenesis of this process. The results showed that a single large dose peritoneal injection of triptolide caused severe oxidative stress characterized by significant decreases of renal SOD and GSH-Px activities, as well as significant increase of renal MDA content and also led to severe impairment of renal s... Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4780958 Tue, 26 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4780958 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4780962&cid=s_35560_32_f&fid=35560&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21515036%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Wijnands M Multiple epidermoid cysts were observed microscopically in the testis of a New Zealand White rabbit. The cysts were lined by stratified squamous keratinizing epithelium and filled with concentric layers of keratin. Testicular epidermoid cysts have been described in men but are very rare in animals. PMID: 21515036 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology) Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4780962 Thu, 21 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4780962 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4780961&cid=s_35560_32_f&fid=35560&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21515037%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSION: Short-term treatment of histamine produces dose-dependent differential patterns of hepatic dysfunctions suggestive mild liver degeneration warranting further long-term studies. PMID: 21515037 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology) Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4780961 Thu, 21 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4780961 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4780960&cid=s_35560_32_f&fid=35560&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21515038%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Deb DD, Parimala G, Devi SS, Chakrabarti T Carum copticum seeds are well known for ailment of various diseases since ancient times. The present study pertains to investigate modulatory effects of methanolic extract of C. copticum seeds (MCE) against hexavalent chromium induced cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, apoptosis and oxidative stress on human bronchial epithelial cells (BEAS-2B) and isolated human peripheral blood lymphocyte (PBL) in vitro. Treatment of BEAS-2B and PBL with MCE prior to potassium dichromate (K(2)Cr(2)O(7)) treatment exhibited an increase in cell viability and decrease of DNA damage as compared to K(2)Cr(2)O(7) treatment alone, as evaluated by WST-8 and Comet assay respectively. Further, MCE administration 1h prior to graded doses of K(2)Cr(2)O(7) significantl... Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4780960 Thu, 21 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4780960 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4780963&cid=s_35560_32_f&fid=35560&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21514805%26dopt%3DAbstract This study was designed to investigate the effect of prolonged oral exposure of cockerels to disinfectant (Iodosteryl(®)) present in drinking water and its ability to induce liver damage and oxidative stress. Thirty-two healthy birds were used for this study. They were grouped into four groups of eight per group. Group I received 10ml/kg body weight of physiological saline. Groups II, III and IV received 1 part per million, 2 part per million and 4 part per million of Iodosteryl(®) in their drinking water for six weeks. The results revealed significant (P<0.05) increase in alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase activities in a dose-dependent manner in birds administered with Iodosteryl(®) when compared with control. Significant (P<0.05) incre... Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4780963 Wed, 20 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4780963 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4780964&cid=s_35560_32_f&fid=35560&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21507616%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Garoui EM, Troudi A, Fetoui H, Soudani N, Boudawara T, Zeghal N The aim of this study was to evaluate the biochemical changes in cobalt-exposed rats and to investigate the potential role of Tunisian propolis against the cobalt-induced renal damages. Twenty-four pregnant Wistar rats were divided into four groups and were treated as follows: group 1 (control) received distilled water; group 2 received 350ppm of CoCl(2) in drinking water; group 3 received 350ppm CoCl(2) in drinking water and a propolis-supplemented diet (1g/100g of diet); group 4 received a propolis-supplemented diet (1g/100g of diet) without cobalt. In the cobalt group, a significant decrease in body, absolute and relative weights was noted when compared to controls. The administration of cobalt to pregnant rats... Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4780964 Sun, 17 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4780964 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4780967&cid=s_35560_32_f&fid=35560&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21478002%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, gills of A. aff. bimaculatus presented profound histological alterations as a result of Zn exposure, and hence, proved to be excellent indicators of environmental contamination. PMID: 21478002 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology) Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4780967 Tue, 05 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4780967 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4780966&cid=s_35560_32_f&fid=35560&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21478003%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Vuda M, D'Souza R, Upadhya S, Kumar V, Rao N, Kumar V, Boillat C, Mungli P The hepatoprotective, curative and anti-oxidant properties of aqueous extract of Hybanthus enneaspermus (Violaceae) used against CCl4-induced liver damage in rats were investigated in the present study. Liver damage was induced by CCl4 (1ml/kg i.p.), and silymarin was used as a standard drug to compare hepatoprotective, curative and antioxidant effects of the extract. Rats were treated with aqueous extract of H. enneaspermus at a dose of either 200 or 400mg/kg after division into pre-treatment (once daily for 14 days before CCl4 intoxication) and post-treatment (2, 6, 24 and 48h after CCl4 intoxication) groups. Pre-treatment and post-treatment with aqueous extract of H. enneaspermus showed significant h... Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4780966 Tue, 05 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4780966 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4780965&cid=s_35560_32_f&fid=35560&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21478004%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Oda SS, El-Maddawy ZK The current study was performed to assess the adverse effect of deltamethrin (DLM) on reproductive organs and fertility in male rats and to evaluate the protective role of vitamin E (VE) and selenium (Se) combination in alleviating the detrimental effect of DLM on male fertility. The lethal dose 50 (LD(50)) of DLM for male rats was estimated at 6mg/kg bwt. Thirty male albino rats (10-weeks-old) were divided into three groups (10 rats each): Control group was injected subcutaneously with 2ml/kg bwt saline twice weekly and was daily administered 2ml distilled water intra-gastrically; DLM-treated group received 0.6mg/kg bwt (1/10 LD(50)) DLM intra-gastrically once daily; DLM+VE/Se-treated group was injected subcutaneously with 1.2mg/kg bwt Viteselen(®)15 (V... Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4780965 Tue, 05 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4780965 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4780969&cid=s_35560_32_f&fid=35560&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21474292%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Wang Q, Xiao L, He Q, Liu S, Zhang J, Li Y, Zhang Z, Nie F, Guo Y, Zhang L In this paper, we utilized two different test systems to compare the haemolysis of tentacle-only extract (TOE) devoid of nematocysts from jellyfish Cyanea capillata, the 1% whole blood and 0.45% erythrocyte suspension approximately with the same erythrocyte concentration from the blood samples of sheep, rabbit, mouse, rat and human, respectively. Without exception, the haemolytic activity of TOE was dose-dependent in both test systems from all the five kinds of blood samples, while it was generally stronger in erythrocyte suspension than that in diluted whole blood at the relatively high concentration of TOE. When various aliquots of plasma were added into the erythrocyte suspension test system, the hae... Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4780969 Mon, 04 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4780969 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4780968&cid=s_35560_32_f&fid=35560&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21474293%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Bhatt LK, Veeranjaneyulu A Diabetes greatly increases risk of cardiovascular dysfunction and interruptions of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) have been shown to reduce the risk by alteration in extracellular matrix. We hypothesized that minocycline induced MMP-2 and MMP-9 inhibition can be enhanced by aspirin (through its COX and tPA inhibitory action) and this combination can reduce cardiovascular dysfunction of diabetes. Four weeks after diabetes induction (streptozotocin, 55mg/kg, i.p.), rats were treated with minocycline (50mg/kg, p.o.), aspirin (50mg/kg, p.o.), or minocycline (50mg/kg, p.o.) plus aspirin (50mg/kg, p.o.) for a period of next four weeks. At the end of eighth week arterial pressure, heart rate and left ventricular pr... Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4780968 Mon, 04 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4780968 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4780970&cid=s_35560_32_f&fid=35560&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21458248%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, dichlorvos caused subacute and subchronic reproductive toxicity, but vitamins did not confer protection. PMID: 21458248 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology) Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4780970 Tue, 29 Mar 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4780970 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4675603&cid=s_35560_32_f&fid=35560&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21435852%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Zeng YW, Liu XZ, Lv ZC, Peng YH Ficus hirta Vahl. (Wuzhimaotao) is widely used as a folk medicine by Hakka people in southern China. In order to ascertain if any major fraction can be attributed to have pronounced anticancer effect, extracts of Wuzhimaotao on cytotoxic and apoptosis of HeLa cell lines were evaluated. HeLa cells were cultured and incubated with different concentrations of crude aqueous extracts (CAE), ethyl acetate extracts (EAE), and butyl alcohol extracts (BAE). It showed CAE, EAE, and BAE decreased cell viability on HeLa cells as a dose-dependent manner, and induced a sub-G1 peak in flow cytometry histogram of treated cells compared to the control. Apoptotic cell death is involved in CAE, EAE, and BAE toxicity, with EAE having a significant decrease in G1 po... Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4675603 Tue, 22 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4675603 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4615611&cid=s_35560_32_f&fid=35560&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21388795%26dopt%3DAbstract This study reports the effect of non-specific nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, N-nitro-l-arginine (NARG) on IDPN-induced neurobehavioral toxicity in adult male Wistar rats. Four groups of animals were given i.p. injections of IDPN (100mg/kg) for 6 days. These rats were treated with oral administration of NARG in the doses of 0 (IDPN alone group), 50, 150 and 300mg/kg, 60min before IDPN, respectively. Control rats received vehicle only, whereas another group was treated with 300mg/kg of NARG alone (without IDPN). The results showed that NARG significantly exacerbated the incidence and intensity of IDPN-induced dyskinetic head movements, circling and back walking. The histology of inner ear showed massive degeneration of the sensory hair cells in the crista ampullaris of rats receiving the c... Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4615611 Mon, 14 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4615611 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4615612&cid=s_35560_32_f&fid=35560&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21382703%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Mahmoud AM Flavonoids are non-nutritive dietary components that are widely distributed in plants. The present study was undertaken to examine the protective influence of rutin, a polyphenolic flavonoid, on oxidative stress during ammonium chloride (AC)-induced hyperammonemia by measuring the levels of oxidative damage as well as antioxidant status. The levels of tissue (liver, brain and kidney) lipid peroxides and the antioxidants (total thiols, catalase, reduced glutathione and glutathione peroxidase) were analyzed. Hyperammonemia was induced by daily intraperitoneal injections of AC at a dose of 100mg/kg body weight for 8weeks. Decreased levels of tissue lipid peroxidation accompanied with increased antioxidant levels in hyperammonemic rats were observed during oral administ... Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4615612 Sat, 05 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4615612 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4615614&cid=s_35560_32_f&fid=35560&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21377848%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, urinary cystatin C measurements can detect CDDP-induced AKI as early as KIM-1, GST-α, and EGF in rats, although the change ratio of the cystatin C was smaller than others. Immunohistochemical cystatin C expression in the proximal tubule of the kidney was hardly changed by the CDDP treatment, but it was newly observed in the renal tubule lumen after CDDP treatment. PMID: 21377848 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology) Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4615614 Fri, 04 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4615614 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4615613&cid=s_35560_32_f&fid=35560&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21377849%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Shukla S, Mehta A, Mehta P, Bajpai VK In the present study, we carried out a systematic research on relative antioxidant activity of aqueous leaf extract of Stevia rebaudiana. The DPPH activity of aqueous leaf extract (20, 40, 50, 100 and 200μg/ml) was increased in a dose dependent manner, which was found in the range of 40.00-72.37% as compared to ascorbic acid 64.26-82.58%. The IC(50) values of aqueous extract and ascorbic acid in DPPH radical scavenging assay were obtained to be 83.45 and 26.75μg/ml, respectively. Measurement of total phenolic content of the aqueous leaf extract of S. rebaudiana was achieved using Folin-Ciocalteau reagent containing 56.73mg/g of phenolic content, which was found significantly potent when compared to reference standard gallic acid. The aqu... Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4615613 Fri, 04 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4615613 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4554500&cid=s_35560_32_f&fid=35560&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21371873%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Shakya AK, Sharma N, Saxena M, Shrivastava S, Shukla S The present study was designed to demonstrate the antioxidant and hepatoprotective effect of Majoon-e-Dabeed-ul-ward, a Unani herbal formulation. The Majoon-e-Dabeed-ul-ward (MD) at the doses of 250, 500 and 1000mg/kg, p.o. was administered after carbon-tetrachloride (CCl(4); 1.5ml/kg, i.p. once only) intoxication. Treatment with MD at three doses brought the levels of aspartate transaminase, alanine transaminase, albumin and urea in dose dependent manner. Signification reduction was found in TBARS content and restored the level of reduced glutathione, adenosine triphosphatase, and glucose-6-phosphatase in liver. Therapy of MD showed its protective effect on biochemical and histopathological observation at all the three do... Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4554500 Tue, 01 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4554500 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4554501&cid=s_35560_32_f&fid=35560&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21354772%26dopt%3DAbstract This report documents an incidental finding during a study investigating the effects of melatonin supplementation on the development of blood pressure in SHR. Administration of 10mg/kg/day of melatonin in drinking water during pregnancy to Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) dams caused a loss of more than 50% of the pups by the age of three weeks and 95% by the age of 6 weeks. There was no maternal morbidity or mortality in the two strains or death of any of the SHR pups. No obvious physical defects were present but mean body weight was lower in the surviving WKY rats when compared to that of melatonin supplemented SHR or non-supplemented WKY pups. The reason for the high mortality in WKY pups is uncertain and appears to be strain if not batch specific. There is a need for caution in its use, particularly... Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4554501 Fri, 25 Feb 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4554501 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4554502&cid=s_35560_32_f&fid=35560&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21345661%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Taketa Y, Yoshida M, Inoue K, Takahashi M, Sakamoto Y, Watanabe G, Taya K, Yamate J, Nishikawa A In normal estrous cycling rats, corpora lutea (CL) regress over several cycles; however, the period during which they secrete progesterone (P4) is strictly limited. In the present study, we clarified the function of CL in normal cycling rats. We especially focused on expression levels of four steroidogenic and two luteolytic genes in the two different populations of the CL (new and old CL) at each estrous stage. The ovaries of female rats at each estrous cycle were collected, and new and old CL were separated with laser microdissection and analyzed for mRNA expression. In the new CL, the expressions of scavenger receptor class B type I (SR-BI), steroidogenic acute regulatory protei... Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4554502 Mon, 21 Feb 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4554502 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4442225&cid=s_35560_32_f&fid=35560&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21288705%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Abid-Essefi S, Zaied C, Bouaziz C, Salem IB, Kaderi R, Bacha H Zearalenone (ZEN) is a non-steroidal estrogenic mycotoxin produced by several species of Fusarium in cereals and agricultural products. It has been implicated in several mycotoxicosis in farm animals and in humans. Several reports suggest that oxidative damage seems to be a key determinant of ZEN induced toxicity in vitro and in vivo. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the protective effects of aqueous extract of Allium sativum (AEA), against ZEN-induced cytotoxicity, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and DNA fragmentation in cultured Vero cells. Indeed, cytotoxicity effects were studied using MTT viability assay, ROS generation measurement and catalase activity induction. To check whether the oxid... Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4442225 Mon, 31 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4442225 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4442228&cid=s_35560_32_f&fid=35560&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21282047%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Maturu P, Reddy VD, Padmavathi P, Varadacharyulu N Alcohol consumption is associated with a number of toxicological changes in blood and the oxidant-antioxidant system. The present study was performed to investigate the alcohol induced toxicological, pathological changes in blood and an adaptive role of erythrocyte antioxidant system in chronic alcoholics. Human male volunteers aged 44±6 years with similar dietary habits were divided into two groups, namely non-alcoholic controls and chronic alcoholics. We measured hematological parameters, erythrocyte lipid peroxidation, NO production, erythrocyte antioxidant and liver function test enzyme activities. Alcoholics had increased erythrocyte nitric oxide levels and also elevated erythrocyte lipid malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrat... Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4442228 Sat, 29 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4442228 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4442227&cid=s_35560_32_f&fid=35560&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21282048%26dopt%3DAbstract This study may provide baseline information about the toxicity of M. oleifera seed extract to C. carpio and to establish safer limit in water purification. PMID: 21282048 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology) Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4442227 Sat, 29 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4442227 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4442226&cid=s_35560_32_f&fid=35560&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21282049%26dopt%3DAbstract This study was aimed to investigate whether standardized hydroalcoholic extract of abresham (AB) ameliorates dyslipidemia, hepatic steatosis and associated hypertension in rats fed with high-cholesterol/high-fat diet (HFD). HFD (55% calorie from fat and 2% cholesterol) were fed for 45 days to induce dyslipidemia, hepatic steatosis and associated hypertension. After confirmation of hypercholesterolemia (total cholesterol >150mg/dl) on 30th day, different doses of AB (200-800mg/kg/day) were administered for next 15 days. HFD administration for 45 days led to cardiometabolic syndrome characterized by significant increase in body weight, total cholesterol, triglyceride, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, TNF-α levels along with decrease in high density lipoprotein cholesterol and serum N... Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4442226 Sat, 29 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4442226 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4442229&cid=s_35560_32_f&fid=35560&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21256724%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Yamamato E, Izawa T, Sawamoto O, Juniantito V, Kuwamura M, Yamate J Cyclooxygenase (COX)-2, an inducible form of COX, plays important roles in inflammatory lesions. We investigated effects of a COX-2 selective inhibitor, NS-398, on cisplatin (CDDP)-induced rat renal lesions. As compared with rats injected with a single dose of CDDP (6mg/kg; CDDP group), rats who were treated everyday with NS-398 (3mg/kg) after the CDDP injection (inhibitor group), showed the declines of blood urea nitrogen and creatinine values, and the delay of the peak of regenerating renal epithelial cell number (demonstrable with 5'-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine immunohistochemistry); these findings suggested cytoprotective effects of the inhibitor. Furthermore, the numbers of ED1-immunopositive macrophages and α... Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4442229 Thu, 20 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4442229 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4378006&cid=s_35560_32_f&fid=35560&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21242065%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, preadministration with GLS at dose of 8.0g/kg in ICV STZ rats significantly reversed these abnormalities. In conclusion, preadministration with GLS might protect hippocampus from oxidative impairment and energy metabolism disturbance of ICV STZ. This may also provide useful information for future research on the pathogenesis and prevention of Alzheimer's disease (AD). PMID: 21242065 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology) Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4378006 Sat, 15 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4378006 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4378009&cid=s_35560_32_f&fid=35560&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21227667%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Rana T, Bera AK, Das S, Bhattacharya D, Pan D, Bandyopadhyay S, Mondal DK, Samanta S, Bandyopadhyay S, Das SK Natural contamination of arsenic in ground water is a major health problem throughout the World. It is one of the most hazardous substances in the environment known to cause toxicity in multiple organs via oxidative stress. The molecular basis for arsenic toxicity involves direct or indirect damage to protein, lipid and DNA. Various studies have focused on the possible toxic effects of arsenic on membrane components and its correlation with oxidative damage. The present study was aimed to mitigation of arsenic induced hepatic oxidative stress by dietary modulation using of mushroom lectin in rats. Animals were divided into four groups; the first group was used as contr... Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4378009 Mon, 10 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4378009 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4378008&cid=s_35560_32_f&fid=35560&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21227668%26dopt%3DAbstract The objective of this study was to determine whether long-term (48-day) oral administration of low-dose zearalenone (ZEA) resulted in changes in uterine histology in sexually immature gilts. The study involved 12 clinically healthy 2-month-old gilts with a determined immune status. The animals were randomly divided into two experimental groups (E1, n=4; E2, n=4) and a control group (C, n=4). ZEA (20μg/kgbw for group E1 and 40μg/kgbw for group E2) was administered in gelatin capsules per os before the morning feeding for 48 days; group C was given placebo rather than ZEA. The animals were then sacrificed and the uteri were subjected to histological examination. Low doses of ZEA (50% and 100% of no observable adverse effect levels values) induced experimental hyperestrogenism and stimulate... Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4378008 Mon, 10 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4378008 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4378007&cid=s_35560_32_f&fid=35560&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21227669%26dopt%3DAbstract This study therefore sought to assess the antioxidant and the protective effect of dietary inclusion (0.5 and 1.0%) of yellow dye from root of Brimstone tree (used to enhance the sensory quality of foods and in folk medicine) on cyclophosphamide-induced oxidative stress in brain. Wistar strain albino rats were placed on diet containing 0.5 and 1.0% yellow dye preparation from root of Brimstone tree for 14 days. Intraperitoneal administration of cyclophosphamide (75mg/kg of body weight) 24h before the termination of the experiment caused a significant (P<0.05) increase in the brain malondialdehyde (MDA) content (147.2%) and serum activities of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (21.7UI/l), alanine amino-transferase (ALT) (29.6UI/l), alkaline phosphatase (43.8UI/l) and total bilirubin (1.7m... Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4378007 Mon, 10 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4378007 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4378013&cid=s_35560_32_f&fid=35560&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21216575%26dopt%3DAbstract This study aimed to confirm in situ localization of Bcl-2 mRNA and its product in the glomeruli, and to demonstrate the local expression of Bcl-2 mRNA in normal rat glomeruli. Paraffin sections of the kidneys from normal male Wistar rats were immunostained by anti-Bcl-2 monoclonal antibody. The localization of Bcl-2 mRNA in the glomeruli was evaluated by in situ hybridization. The glomeruli were dissected from frozen sections of the kidneys with the laser microdissection (LMD) system. Total RNA extracted from 10, 100 or 200 dissected glomeruli was used for reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and real-time PCR. Bcl-2 mRNA and its product were detected in the podocytes but barely in the mesangial cells. In RT-PCR, the specific-sized bands of Bcl-2 from 100 or 200 dissect... Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4378013 Fri, 07 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4378013 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4378012&cid=s_35560_32_f&fid=35560&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21216576%26dopt%3DAbstract This study investigated possible neurotoxic effects of GA(3) on the cerebrum and cerebellum of suckling rats. Female Wistar rats were given daily 200ppm GA(3) in drinking water from the 14th day of pregnancy until day 14 after delivery. Acetylcholinesterase activity in both cerebellum and cerebrum was inhibited after treatment with GA(3). Neurotoxicity was demonstrated by a significant increase in malondialdehyde level and a decrease in the antioxidant enzyme activities of catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase in the cerebrum and cerebellum of suckling pups. A significant decline of glutathione content and vitamin C was also observed. The biochemical parameters were correlated histologically with an abnormal development of the external granular layer and a loss of Purkinje... Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4378012 Fri, 07 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4378012 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4378011&cid=s_35560_32_f&fid=35560&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21216577%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Saravanan G, Ponmurugan P Hyperlipidemia is an associated complication of diabetes mellitus. The association of hyperglycemia with an alteration of lipid parameters presents a major risk for cardiovascular complications in diabetes. The present study was designed to examine the antihyperlipidemic effect of S-allylcysteine (SAC) in STZ induced diabetic rats. The levels of blood glucose, cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), free fatty acids, phospholipids and fatty acid composition were estimated in the liver and kidneys of control and experimental groups of rats. Oral administration of SAC at a dose of 150mg/kg bodyweight per day to STZ-induced diabetic rats for a period of 45 days resulted in a significant reduction in fasting blood glucose, TC, TG, free fatty acids, phosphol... Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4378011 Fri, 07 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4378011 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4378010&cid=s_35560_32_f&fid=35560&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21216578%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Badraoui R, Nasr HB, Louati R, Ellouze F, Rebai T The effects of subchronic exposure to tetradifon on biochemical related kidney toxicological parameters [creatinine (CRT), urea, and uric acid (UA)] were examined. Oxidative stress in kidney tissue was also assessed by measuring vitamin C (VitC) content and antioxidant enzyme activities [superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx)]. Tetradifon was administered orally to 12 rats at a cumulative dose of 24.3mg/kg for 12 weeks. Twelve additional rats, no treated, have served as control. Control and treated animals were sacrificed after 6 or 12 weeks. For each group, kidneys were examined for morphometric changes. Results showed that tetradifon induced significant increases in CRT and urea, and decr... Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4378010 Fri, 07 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4378010 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4378014&cid=s_35560_32_f&fid=35560&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21211949%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Ma M, Jiang Z, Ruan J, Tan X, Liu J, Wang C, Zha XM, Zhang L Disobulbin-D (DBD), a hepatotoxic furano norclerodane diterpenoid, was isolated by bio-guided fractionation from the rhizome of Dioscorea bulbifera L. In working toward elucidating the cellular and molecular mechanisms of DBD toxicity, we treated normal human liver cell line L-02 cells with DBD in vitro and evaluated its toxicity in terms of cell viability, morphologic changes, induction of apoptosis/necrosis, and caspase 3 activity. The viability of L-02 cells was inhibited by DBD in a concentration and time-dependent manner. Apoptosis was supported by the Annexin V and propidium iodide assay, Hoechst 33258 staining, and the occurrence of a sub-G(1) peak. DBD can cause an increase in caspase 3 activity, and pretreat... Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4378014 Tue, 04 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4378014 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4378015&cid=s_35560_32_f&fid=35560&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21208790%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, PM1 exhibits antidiabetic effect possibly by inhibiting DPP-IV and improving antioxidant levels in high fat diet/streptozotocin (HFD/STZ) diabetic mice. PMID: 21208790 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology) Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4378015 Mon, 03 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4378015 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4378016&cid=s_35560_32_f&fid=35560&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21195594%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Zhang GS, Ye WF, Tao RR, Lu YM, Shen GF, Fukunaga K, Huang JY, Ji YL, Han F The septal and temporal poles of the hippocampus differ markedly in their anatomical organization, but whether these distinct regions exhibit differential neurochemical profiles underlying lead (Pb(2+)) neurotoxicity remains to be determined. In the present study, we examined changes in the expression of Ca(2+)/calmodulin-dependent enzymes, including calpain, calcineurin, phospho-CaMKII (Thr286) and neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS), in the rat dorsal and ventral hippocampus (DH and VH) after acute Pb(2+) exposure. Five days after Pb(2+) exposure, we observed constitutively active forms of calcineurin (45kDa and 48kDa) in ventral portions of the hippocampus, a result consistent with the observed ca... Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4378016 Thu, 30 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4378016 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4378017&cid=s_35560_32_f&fid=35560&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21194914%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Abdalla FH, Bellé LP, Bitencourt PE, da Silva JE, Roman S, da Rosa C, Schetinger MR, Moretto MB Methylmercury (MeHg) is an organic form of mercury with toxic effects in multiple organs. The aim of the present investigation was to evaluate the in vivo effects of MeHg (1 and 4mg/kg) given orally for seven consecutive days on adenosine deaminase (ADA), n-acetyl-β-d-glucosaminidase (NAG) and ecto-nucleoside triphosphate phosphohydrolase (NTPDase) activities, and on lipid peroxidation in hippocampus, cerebral cortex, kidney and liver of suckling rat pups. The results showed that NAG activity and lipid peroxidation levels increased in the kidney in both treatments, whereas urinary NAG activity increased only in the 1mg/kg treatment. Despite the fact that the lipid peroxidation inc... Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4378017 Wed, 29 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4378017 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4378019&cid=s_35560_32_f&fid=35560&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21185162%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, supplementation of the diet with lactofermented beetroot juice may provide protection against precancerous aberrant crypt formation and reduce the cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of fecal water. PMID: 21185162 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology) Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4378019 Wed, 22 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4378019 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4378018&cid=s_35560_32_f&fid=35560&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21185163%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Kim ER, Kim KM, Lee JY, Joo M, Kim S, Noh JH, Ward SM, Koh SD, Rhee PL Recent studies of diabetic animal models suggest an important role of ICC in the pathogenesis of gastropathy. The aim of this study was to characterize the ultrastructural features of ICC and record the electrical properties in the stomach of patients with type 2 DM. Gastric specimens were obtained from 13 diabetic patients and 6 control subjects with gastric cancer that underwent gastrectomy. All specimens were taken from disease-free areas. The samples were processed for both electron microscopic and electrophysiologic examination. The characteristic ultrastructural changes of the ICC were observed in both the nucleus and cytoplasm in patients with type 2 DM. Wrinkling of the nuclear envelope and changes ... Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4378018 Wed, 22 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4378018 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4378020&cid=s_35560_32_f&fid=35560&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21183322%26dopt%3DAbstract This study aimed to explore new markers for AD as total homocysteine (tHcy), insulin, insulin like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), interlukin-1β (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α); to determine the modulatory effects of vitamin E (VE), acetyl-l-carnitine (ALC) and α-lipoic acid (LA) on the investigated parameters and to evaluate the possible therapeutic role of these nutraceutical in AD-induced in rats. Our results revealed that brain acetylcholine esterase (AChE) activity and tHcy levels were significantly increased in AD model. Folic acid, vitamin B(12) levels and Na(+)/K(+) ATPase activity were markedly reduced. Plasma insulin and IGF-1 levels were noticeably decreased but plasma TNF-α and IL-1β concentrations were significantly increased, confirming that abnormal inflammatory ... Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4378020 Tue, 21 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4378020 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4289486&cid=s_35560_32_f&fid=35560&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21159497%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSION: Ulinastatin may possess a protective role in the septic process by inhibiting TNF-α and IL-6, and augmenting IL-10 and IL-13 concentrations in intestine of septic rats. PMID: 21159497 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology) Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4289486 Mon, 13 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4289486 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4289488&cid=s_35560_32_f&fid=35560&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21146966%26dopt%3DAbstract This study is to explore the effect of selenium and fluoride on blood antioxidant capacity of rats, and try to find out the optimal level of selenium in drinking water against fluorosis. Animals were divided into control group, sodium fluoride treated group (NaF, 50mg/L) and selenium+NaF treated group (sodium selenite 0.375, 0.75, 1.5mg/L) in water were respectively administered to male rats, which were decapitated after 6 months. Their blood was collected for GSH-Px activity, plasma SOD activity, T-AOC assay, uric acid assay, sialic acid (SA) content and MDA content, and the fluidity of erythrocyte membrane by electron spin resonance (ESR) was analyzed. The results showed that, compared with the control group, the blood antioxidant capacity of the rats exposed to fluoride was down-regulat... Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4289488 Fri, 10 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4289488 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4289487&cid=s_35560_32_f&fid=35560&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21146967%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Fujimura H, Murakami N, Miwa S, Aruga C, Toriumi W To investigate the suitability of H4IIE cells for detecting cytochrome P450 (CYP) induction in vitro, we compared CYP induction by typical CYP inducers in H4IIE cells and rat primary hepatocytes by examining gene expression and enzyme activity, and by immunocytochemistry. The cells were preincubated with 0.1μM of dexamethasone (DEX) for 24h, followed by 48h of exposure to 10μM of beta-naphthoflavone (bNF), 100μM of phenobarbital (PB) and 10μM of DEX. Cyp1a1, Cyp2b1/2 and Cyp3a23/3a1 (Cyp3a23) expressions in H4IIE cells were up-regulated 280-, 1.5- and 65-fold relative to those in vehicle-treated cells, respectively. The fold inductions of those expressions in rat primary hepatocytes were 80-, 33- and 152-fold, respectively... Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4289487 Fri, 10 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4289487 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4289491&cid=s_35560_32_f&fid=35560&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21146379%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, these results suggested that puerarin could protect the rat liver against lead-induced injury by reducing ROS production, renewing the activities of antioxidant enzymes and decreasing DNA oxidative damage. PMID: 21146379 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology) Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4289491 Thu, 09 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4289491 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4289490&cid=s_35560_32_f&fid=35560&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21146380%26dopt%3DAbstract This study was aimed to evaluate the genotoxic and mutagenic potential of this compound in mice exposed to different doses and demonstrates the damage caused by fipronil on non-target organisms in artificial conditions. Mice were divided into five groups: group I=30% of DL(50) (15mg/kg), group II=50% of the DL(50) (25mg/kg), group III=DL(50) (50mg/kg), group IV=negative control, and group V=positive control. Peripheral blood was collected for the comet assay (24h after exposure) and the micronucleus test (24, 48 and 72h after exposure). Our findings revealed that doses of 15mg/kg (group I) and 25mg/kg (group II) of fipronil did not have genotoxic or mutagenic effects. Only the highest dose tested (50mg/kg) induced DNA damage 24h after exposure, indicating the mutagenic potential of fiproni... Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4289490 Thu, 09 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4289490 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4289489&cid=s_35560_32_f&fid=35560&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21146381%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Hmaissia Khlifa K, Ghali R, Mazigh C, Aouni Z, Machgoul S, Hedhili A Ochratoxin A is a natural mycotoxin with nephrotoxic properties that can contaminate food products. It has been detected in high amount in human serum collected from nephropathy patients, especially those categorized as having a chronic interstitial nephropathy of unknown etiology. In the present study, ochratoxin A levels were measured in commonly consumed food items and in serum samples from nephropathy and healthy subjects in Tunisia. To assess ochratoxin A, a high performance liquid chromatography method was optimized. The ochratoxin A assay showed very different scales of ochratoxin A serum and food contamination from 0.12 to 1.5ng/mL and 0.11 to 6.1ng/g respectively, and in healthy subjects and 0.11 to ... Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4289489 Thu, 09 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4289489 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4289493&cid=s_35560_32_f&fid=35560&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21144717%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Sachdeva J, Tanwar V, Golechha M, Siddiqui KM, Nag TC, Ray R, Kumari S, Arya DS Saffron (dried stigmas of Crocus sativus L.), a naturally derived plant product, has long been used as a traditional ancient medicine against various human diseases. The aim of the series of experiments was to systematically determine whether saffron exerts cardioprotection in isoproterenol-induced myocardial damage. Male Wistar rats (150-175g) were divided into five groups: control, isoproterenol (ISO) and three saffron (200, 400 and 800mg/kg) treatment groups. Aqueous extract of saffron or vehicle was administered orally to rats for four weeks. On days 28 and 29, the animals in ISO and saffron treatment groups were administered ISO (85mg/kg, s.c.) at an interval of 24h. On day 30, after recording... Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4289493 Mon, 06 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4289493 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4289492&cid=s_35560_32_f&fid=35560&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21144718%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Oktem G, Uysal A, Oral O, Sezer ED, Olukman M, Erol A, Akgur SA, Bilir A Although doxorubicin (DOX) is a commonly used chemotherapeutic agent its clinical use is restricted due to its organ toxicities. The present investigation relates to reducing DOX induced side effects to the liver, kidney and ileum by usage of the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory agent, resveratrol (RES) and to investigate the role of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) in the process. Wistar rats were divided into four groups: control (saline i.p); DOX (20mg/kg i.p), RES (20mg/kg i.p) and DOX (20mg/kg i.p)+RES (20mg/kg i.p). Immunohistochemical activity of both iNOS and eNOS were evaluated after DOX treatment and ultrastructural changes such as cellular damage and mitochondrial degeneration were evaluated. Degenera... Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4289492 Mon, 06 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4289492 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4289494&cid=s_35560_32_f&fid=35560&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21134734%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Pari L, Shagirtha K The present study was to evaluate the hepatoprotective effect of hesperetin (HTN) on cadmium (Cd) induced hepatotoxicity in male Wistar rats. Administration of Cd (3mg/kg body weight/day) subcutaneously for 21 days, the levels of hepatic markers such as aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT) and bilirubin were significantly increased in serum. The levels oxidative stress markers, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), lipid hydroperoxides (LOOH), conjugated dienes (CD) and protein carbonyl content (PCC) were also significantly increased while the levels of vitamin C, vitamin E, reduced glutathione (GSH), total sulphydryl group (TSH) and the... Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4289494 Sat, 04 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4289494 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4236004&cid=s_35560_32_f&fid=35560&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21130632%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Awadalla EA Paraquat has been demonstrated to be a highly toxic compound for humans and animals and many cases of acute poisoning and death have been reported over the past few decades. The current experiment aimed to examine if vitamin C (ascorbic acid) alleviates the morphological changes induced by paraquat (PQ) administration in the liver and kidney of male albino rats. Male adult rats received paraquat (PQ) (1.5mg/kg body weight) daily for three weeks. Vitamin C (VC) at a dose of 20mg/kg body weight was given concomitantly with PQ to rats. Animals were divided into three groups in this experiment (control, PQ and PQ+VC). The morphopathological manifestations were investigated in tissues from liver and kidney. As expected, PQ administration induced marked changes in the mo... Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4236004 Thu, 02 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4236004 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4236003&cid=s_35560_32_f&fid=35560&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21130633%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Sankar P, Telang AG, Manimaran A The aim of present study was to investigate the protective effect of curcumin on cypermethrin-induced changes in blood biochemical markers and tissue antioxidant enzyme in rats. Rats were divided into six groups of six each: group I used as control and II and III groups were used as vehicle control. While, groups IV, V and VI were orally treated with curcumin (100mg/kg body weight), cypermethrin (25mg/kg body weight) and cypermethrin plus curcumin, respectively for 28 days. Serum biochemical markers were measured in the serum, and the levels of lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzyme activity were determined in the liver, kidney and brain. Cypermethrin administration caused elevated level of blood biochemical markers in serum and lipid peroxi... Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4236003 Thu, 02 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4236003 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4236002&cid=s_35560_32_f&fid=35560&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21130634%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Engin AB, Sepici-Dincel A, Gonul II, Engin A Patients with hypothyroidism are considered to have an increased risk of developing atherosclerosis. Uncoupling of endothelial nitric oxide synthase from tetrahyrobiopterin, an essential cofactor, leads to the decrease of nitric oxide production and increase in reactive oxygen species. Both mechanisms contribute to atherosclerotic vascular disease. The aim of this study was to investigate whether hypothyroidism influences the systemic redox-state and the structure of aortic vascular endothelium in thyroidectomized rats. Twenty-eight Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to two groups; sham thyroidectomy and near-total thyroidectomy. Three weeks after surgery, nitric oxide in plasma, homocysteine, cysteine, glutathione levels an... Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4236002 Thu, 02 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4236002 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4236005&cid=s_35560_32_f&fid=35560&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21129940%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, sulforaphane is a promising antioxidant agent that is effective to attenuate oxidative stress and tissue/cell damage in different in vivo and in vitro experimental paradigms. PMID: 21129940 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology) Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4236005 Wed, 01 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4236005 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4236006&cid=s_35560_32_f&fid=35560&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21112748%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: You Z, Xin Y, Liu Y, Han B, Zhang L, Chen Y, Chen Y, Gu L, Gao H, Xuan Y N(G)-nitro-d-arginine (d-NNA) could convert into N(G)-nitro-l-arginine (l-NNA) in vivo, and kidney is the major target organ. In the chiral inversion process, a number of reactive oxygen species (ROS) were generated and NOS activity was inhibited, which may cause renal damage. Salvia miltiorrhiza (SM), a traditional Chinese drug, was used in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases and chronic renal failure. The aim of the present study was to investigate the kidney damage caused by d-NNA administration for 12 weeks and to evaluate the effects of treatment with SM on d-NNA-induced kidney damage. The rats, induced with d-NNA for period of 12 weeks, showed significant elevation of Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN),... Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4236006 Fri, 26 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4236006 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4236007&cid=s_35560_32_f&fid=35560&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21111584%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, cisplatin-induced structural changes are not, but the DNA damage and phosphorylation of p53 are, significantly, but not completely, alleviated by l-ascorbic acid. PMID: 21111584 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology) Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4236007 Wed, 24 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4236007 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4208171&cid=s_35560_32_f&fid=35560&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21106355%26dopt%3DAbstract This study highlighted an important signaling pathway involved in MDR regulated by PKCα in MCF-7/ADR breast cancer cells and implied that JNK might be an important downstream target of PKCα in this cellular context. PMID: 21106355 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology) Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4208171 Mon, 22 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4208171 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4208170&cid=s_35560_32_f&fid=35560&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21106356%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Singh PK, Baxi D, Banerjee S, Ramachandran AV Methanolic extracts of Pterocarpus marsupium Roxb (P. marsupium) and Ocimum sanctum Linn (O. sanctum) were prepared separately and then administered to both non-diabetic and alloxan induced diabetic adult female Wistar rats as a mixture of both at a dosage of 500mg/kg body weight, and its effect was checked on serum and tissue lipids together with corticosterone, estrogen and progesterone profile. Further, tissue load of metabolites (cholesterol), enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant status together with lipid peroxidation levels and serum markers of hepatic and renal damage were also assessed. Results of the present study strongly support the possibility of this herbal combination in humans to meet the objective of achieving a ... Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4208170 Mon, 22 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4208170 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4208169&cid=s_35560_32_f&fid=35560&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21106357%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Konan NA, Lincopan N, Collantes Díaz IE, de Fátima Jacysyn J, Tanae Tiba MM, Pessini Amarante Mendes JG, Bacchi EM, Spira B The leaves of the Cashew plant (Anacardium occidentale L.) are used by the folk medicine in South America and West Africa. This plant is rich in flavonoids, which are polyphenolic compounds widespread in plants, and that have diverse physiological effects. In a sub-acute toxicity assay it was found that an ethanolic extract of Cashew leaves elicited lymphopenia in rats. The extract was also found to be cytotoxic and to induce apoptosis in Jurkat (acute lymphoblastic leukemia) cells. The crude ethanolic extract was fractionated and resolved by HPLC. One of the four fractions obtained led to the isolation of the biflavonoid agasthisflavone. [(3)H]-thymidi... Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4208169 Mon, 22 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4208169 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4208174&cid=s_35560_32_f&fid=35560&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21095107%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Selvaraj P, Pugalendi KV The present study examines the preventive role of hesperidin (HDN) on plasma, cardiac and hepatic lipids in isoproterenol (ISO)-induced rats. Myocardial injury was induced by subcutaneous injection of isoproterenol hydrochloride (85mg/kg BW) twice at an interval of 24h, for two consecutive days. HDN was administered by post-orally at a dose of 200mg/kg BW. The results showed increased levels of plasma cholesterol, low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), very low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (VLDL-C), triglycerides (TG), free fatty acids (FFA) and phospholipids (PL) and decreased level of high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) in ISO-induced rats. ISO rats also showed an increase in cholesterol, TG and FFA and decrease in PL levels in the ... Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4208174 Sat, 20 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4208174 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4208173&cid=s_35560_32_f&fid=35560&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21095108%26dopt%3DAbstract This study investigated the effects of citrinin (CTN) on male mouse reproductive organs. Adult male mice were exposed to intraperitoneal injection of CTN at 0-6.25mg/kg body weight daily for 7 days, and then mated with sexually mature untreated female mice. Reproductive organ relative weights, semen quality, serum testosterone concentrations and fertility of treated mice were assessed. CTN significantly increased relative weights of the testes, epididymis, seminal vesicle and preputial gland, increased the number of abnormal spermatozoa and decreased the number of live spermatozoa. A significantly lower pregnancy rate was observed when females were mated with CTN-exposed males. The histological results indicated that distance of testicular seminiferus tubule increased. The sperm count and ... Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4208173 Sat, 20 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4208173 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4208172&cid=s_35560_32_f&fid=35560&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21095109%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Picmonova V, Berger J Unexpected, sometimes opposite effects of dietary isoflavonic phytoestrogens on immunity may suggest that classical mammalian toxicological assays are not entirely suitable for preclinical safety tests of these compounds. We evaluated a new alternative model of haemocytes of Egyptian cotton worm in vivo following genistein administration. Genistein induced significant changes in nucleolar morphology of haemocytes but did not influence their counts and nucleolar indices. The results indicate that genistein does not affect proliferation and differentiation of normal cells but potentiates their immuno-competence. Egyptian cotton worm larvae seem to be the new alternative biomodel for immunological screening. PMID: 21095109 [PubMed - as supplied by publis... Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4208172 Sat, 20 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4208172 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4208175&cid=s_35560_32_f&fid=35560&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21093234%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Golli-Bennour EE, Bouslimi A, Zouaoui O, Nouira S, Achour A, Bacha H Amiodarone is a potent anti-arrhythmic drug used for the treatment of cardiac arrhythmias. Although, the effects of amiodarone are well characterized on post-ischemic heart and cardiomyocytes, its toxicity on extra-cardiac tissues is still poorly understood. To this aim, we have monitored the cytotoxicity effects of this drug on three cultured cell lines including hepatocytes (HepG2), epithelial cells (EAhy 926) and renal cells (Vero). We have investigated the effects of amiodarone on (i) cell viabilities, (ii) heat shock protein expressions (Hsp 70) as a parameter of protective and adaptive response and (iii) oxidative damage.Our results clearly showed that amiodarone inhibits cell proliferation, induces an ... Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4208175 Wed, 17 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4208175 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4208176&cid=s_35560_32_f&fid=35560&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21084181%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Ma H, Zhou J, Jiang J, Duan J, Xu H, Tang Y, Lv G, Zhang J, Zhan Z, Ding A Toad Venom, called chansu (CS) in China, is an anti-inflammatory drug used in small doses for the treatment of various types of inflammation in China. Its use is hampered by the cardiotoxicity of bufadienolides derived from Toad Venom. Bezoar Bovis is another frequently used drug in Toad Venom preparations for the treatment of inflammatory or cardiovascular diseases in Asia. We explored whether Bezoar Bovis could protect against CS-induced acute toxicity in mice. Toxicity was assessed by the general features of poisoning, electrocardiography (ECG), and levels of creatine kinase (CK), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and calcium ions (Ca(2+)) in cardiac tissues. Toad Venom (90mg/kg) caused opisthotonus, ventr... Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4208176 Mon, 15 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4208176 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4176745&cid=s_35560_32_f&fid=35560&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21074979%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Khan MR, Siddique F The present study was carried out to evaluate the antioxidant effect of the chloroform extract of Citharexylum spinosum (CSCE) (Family: Verbenaceae) leaves in Sprague-Dawley male rats. The different groups of animals were administered with carbon tetrachloride (CCl(4); 20% in olive oil, 2ml/kg body weight) 7 doses (i.p.) at 48h interval. The CSCE at the doses of 100 and 200mg/kg or silymarin at a dose of 50mg/kg were administered intragastrically after 24h to the CCl(4) treated rats. The effect of CSCE or silymarin on urine and serum markers (urea, creatinine, creatinine clearance, protein, albumin, urobilinogen and nitrite) was measured in CCl(4)-induced nephrotoxicity in rat. Further, the effects on lipid peroxidation (TBARS), enzymatic antioxidants (cata... Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4176745 Thu, 11 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4176745 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4176746&cid=s_35560_32_f&fid=35560&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21074392%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Meshkini A, Yazdanparast R It is now well accepted that taxol exhibits cytotoxicity and antitumor activity in many human tumors through microtubule stabilization and induction of G2/M cell cycle arrest with final extensive cell apoptosis. Since many anti-cancer agents exert their cytotoxic effects through reactive oxygen species (ROS), we were interested to evaluate whether oxidative stress is involved in taxol-induced cytotoxicity among human leukemia K562 cells. Our results showed that induction of apoptosis was associated with generation of ROS and glutathione (GSH) depletion. The increase in ROS production and apoptosis were both suppressed by antioxidant N-acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC). Moreover, taxol caused an increase in c-Jun NH(2)-terminal kinase (JNK) and p38 activities, ... Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4176746 Wed, 10 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4176746 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4143449&cid=s_35560_32_f&fid=35560&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21050735%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Ojha S, Goyal S, Kumari S, Arya DS Pyruvate, a potent endogenous antioxidant and an important metabolic fuel is essential for the cardiac function and tissue defense mechanism. The present study was evaluated to investigate whether pyruvate attenuates the development of cardiotoxicity in isoproterenol (ISO)-induced myocardial infarction by assessing hemodynamic, biochemical and histopathological parameters. Subcutaneous injection of ISO (85mg/kg) administered for 2 days at an interval of 24h was used for induction of cardiotoxicity. ISO administration significantly decreased arterial pressure indices, heart rate, contractility {(+)LVdP/dt} and relaxation {(-)LVdP/dt} and increased left ventricular end-diastolic pressure. In addition, a significant reduction in activities of my... Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4143449 Mon, 01 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4143449 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4130758&cid=s_35560_32_f&fid=35560&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21036567%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Feng B, Guo YW, Huang CG, Li L, Jiao BH β-d-Glucosyl-(1-4)-α-l-thevetosides of 17β-digitoxigenin (GHSC-73) is a cardiac glycoside isolated from the seeds of Cerbera manghas L. GHSC-73 reduced viability of HepG2 cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner without decreasing the viability of Chang human liver cells and Swiss albino 3T3 fibroblasts, induced efficiently stimulated apoptosis in HepG2 cells as evidenced by DNA fragmentation, annexin V/PI binding assay and DAPI staining. This apoptotic process was accompanied by the activation of the effector caspase-3, the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨ(m)) and translocation of AIF from the mitochondrion to the nucleus in HepG2 cells. In addition, a broad-spectrum caspase inhibitor (z-VAD-fmk) tested in this experi... Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4130758 Fri, 29 Oct 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4130758 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4130757&cid=s_35560_32_f&fid=35560&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21036568%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Adaramoye OA, Adedara IA, Farombi EO Ionizing radiation is one of the environmental factors that may contribute to reproductive dysfunction by a mechanism involving oxidative stress. We investigated the possible ameliorative effects of kolaviron (KV) (a biflavonoid from the seeds of Garcinia kola) on sperm characteristics, testicular lipid peroxidation (LPO) and antioxidant status after a whole body γ-irradiation in Wistar rats. Vitamin C (VC) served as standard antioxidant in this study. The study consists of four groups of 6 rats each. Group I received corn oil, whereas group II received a single dose of γ-radiation (5Gy). The animals in groups III and IV were pretreated with KV (250mg/kg) and VC (250mg/kg) by oral gavage five times in a week, respectively, for 6 weeks pri... Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4130757 Fri, 29 Oct 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4130757 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4130759&cid=s_35560_32_f&fid=35560&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21036019%26dopt%3DAbstract This study was performed on 3 groups of 7 rats each: saline, cysteamine and cysteamine plus captopril treated groups. The effect of captopril against cysteamine-induced duodenal ulcer is determined by evaluating the duodenal damage, duodenal tissue SOD and GSH-PX activities and plasma MDA level. All animals were euthanized 24h after the last treatment and 2ml blood and duodena samples were collected for calculation of ulcer index, histopathological assessment and measurement of tissue SOD, GSH-PX activities and plasma MDA level. Cysteamine produced severe duodenal damage, decreased the activity of duodenal tissue SOD and GSH-PX and increased the plasma MDA level compared with saline pretreated rats. Pretreatment with captopril decreased the cysteamine-induced duodenal damage and plasma lev... Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4130759 Thu, 28 Oct 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4130759 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4130760&cid=s_35560_32_f&fid=35560&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21035316%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Agbor GA, Vinson JA, Sortino J, Johnson R Atherogenic diet is known to induce high plasma lipid concentration, oxidative stress and early atherosclerosis. Antioxidants have potentials to counter the effect of atherogenic diet. The present research aims at evaluating the antioxidant and anti-atherosclerotic activities of three Piper species (Piper guineense, Piper nigrum and Piper umbellatum) on atherogenic diet fed hamsters. Hamsters divided into 8 groups: normal control, atherosclerotic control and six test groups. The normal animals fed normal rodent chow, the atherosclerotic control animals fed the same rodent chow supplemented with 0.2% cholesterol and 10% coconut oil (high cholesterol diet). The 6 test groups' animals fed same diet as the atherosclerotic control group but... Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4130760 Wed, 27 Oct 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4130760 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4119994&cid=s_35560_32_f&fid=35560&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21030226%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSION: Results of this study show a dose-dependent effect for vitamin C in exacerbating stress contribution to liver injury. PMID: 21030226 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology) Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4119994 Mon, 25 Oct 2010 23:00:00 +0100 4119994 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4119993&cid=s_35560_32_f&fid=35560&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21030227%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Izzettin FV, Sancar M, Okuyan B, Apikoglu-Rabus S, Cevikbas U The aim of this study which was structured with the objective of determination of the optimum protective therapy against the long term NSAID therapy-induced ulcers was to compare the gastro-protective effects of various antiulcer drugs (ranitidine, omeprazole, bismuth and misoprostol) alone or in combination with each other in different doses on indomethacin-induced gastric ulcers in rats. In this experimental study the protective effect of misoprostol (100μg/kg/day and 10μg/kg/day i.g.), omeprazole (5mg/kg/day and 1.5mg/kg/day i.p.), ranitidine (40mg/kg/day and 10mg/kg/day i.p.), bismuth (70mg/kg/day and 15mg/kg/day i.g.), combinations of misoprostol (10μg/kg/day i.g.) plus omeprazole (1.5mg/kg/day i.p.) and mis... Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4119993 Mon, 25 Oct 2010 23:00:00 +0100 4119993 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4119995&cid=s_35560_32_f&fid=35560&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20971622%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion this study demonstrates that phytic acid decreased the negative effects of deoxynivalenol on the membrane integrity of the IPEC-1 intestinal epithelial cell line. PMID: 20971622 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology) Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4119995 Thu, 21 Oct 2010 23:00:00 +0100 4119995 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4100582&cid=s_35560_32_f&fid=35560&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20965707%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Kawai K, Sakairi T, Harada S, Shinozuka J, Ide M, Sato H, Tanaka M, Toriumi W, Kume E SHR/NDmcr-cp (SHR/NDcp) rats, which carry a nonsense mutation of the leptin receptor gene, are known to spontaneously develop hypertension, obesity and hyperlipidemia, and have therefore found use as an animal model of the metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes. However, some recent studies on SHR/NDcp rats revealed only mild elevation of blood glucose levels. To investigate whether metabolic factors including blood glucose and histopathological alterations of SHR/NDcp rats deteriorate with a diabetogenic diet, biochemical and histopathological examinations were conducted with animals fed normal or diabetogenic diets for 20 weeks. SHR/NDcp rats receiving the normal diet displayed obesity, hyp... Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4100582 Mon, 18 Oct 2010 23:00:00 +0100 4100582 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4100583&cid=s_35560_32_f&fid=35560&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20952170%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Oboh G, Ademiluyi AO, Akinyemi AJ Ginger has been reportedly used for the management or treatment of Alzheimer's disease in folklore medicine. Therefore, this study sought to investigate the inhibitory effects of water extractable phytochemicals of red and white ginger on acetylcholinesterase activities, and sodium nitroprusside (SNP) and quinolinic acid (QA)-induced lipid peroxidation in rat brain -in vitro. Both extracts inhibited acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activities in a dose-dependent manner; however, white ginger had higher acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity than red ginger. Combination of the ginger inhibited acetylcholinesterase activities synergistically. Furthermore, SNP and QA caused a significant increase in the malondialdehyde (MDA) contents of the brain; h... Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4100583 Thu, 14 Oct 2010 23:00:00 +0100 4100583 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4100584&cid=s_35560_32_f&fid=35560&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20951558%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, the variation in normal proliferation between estrous cycle stages and animals with an irregular estrous cycle should be considered in toxico-pathological studies of mammary gland proliferation. PMID: 20951558 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology) Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4100584 Wed, 13 Oct 2010 23:00:00 +0100 4100584 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4071266&cid=s_35560_32_f&fid=35560&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20932729%26dopt%3DAbstract This study clearly demonstrates uroprotective role of T. cordifolia from CP induced toxicities by modulating GSH and pro-inflammatory cytokine levels. PMID: 20932729 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology) Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4071266 Mon, 04 Oct 2010 23:00:00 +0100 4071266 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4071263&cid=s_35560_32_f&fid=35560&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20932730%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Villarreal-Calderon R, Reed W, Palacios-Moreno J, Keefe S, Herritt L, Brooks D, Torres-Jardón R, Calderón-Garcidueñas L Air pollution is a serious environmental problem. Elderly subjects show increased cardiac morbidity and mortality associated with air pollution exposure. Mexico City (MC) residents are chronically exposed to high concentrations of fine particulate matter (PM(2.5)) and PM-associated lipopolysaccharides (PM-LPS). To test the hypothesis that chronic exposure to urban pollution produces myocardial inflammation, female Balb-c mice age 4 weeks were exposed for 16 months to two distinctly different polluted areas within MC: southwest (SW) and northwest (NW). SW mice were given either no treatment or chocolate 2g/9.5mg polyphenols/3 times per week. Results were co... Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4071263 Mon, 04 Oct 2010 23:00:00 +0100 4071263 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4071267&cid=s_35560_32_f&fid=35560&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20926269%26dopt%3DAbstract In this report we describe a choristoma in the lung of a female placebo rat. The lesion was observed microscopically in the central part of the left lung lobe and was characterized by a nodule consisting of well-differentiated skeletal muscle cells. The muscle fibers were haphazardly organized giving the nodule a poorly demarcated border. Choristoma is a very rare lesion. PMID: 20926269 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology) Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4071267 Sun, 03 Oct 2010 23:00:00 +0100 4071267 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4033282&cid=s_35560_32_f&fid=35560&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20889321%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Mehana EE, Meki MA, Fazili KM In the present study, the effect of green tea extract (GTE) on lead induced toxicity was studied in Sprague-Dawley rats. Four groups of rats were used in the study. Lead and GTE was given orally to the rats with drinking water for 8 weeks. Lead concentration in the digested tissues of liver was detected using atomic absorption spectroscopy. The activities of glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were used as markers to evaluate the anti oxidant status of tissues. Lead exposure was found to attenuate the antioxidant potential of liver, which was however augmented when supplemented with green tea extract. Liver enzymes ALT, AST and ALP and serum protein determinations indicated the protective effects of green tea extract. Hi... Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4033282 Thu, 30 Sep 2010 23:00:00 +0100 4033282 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4021710&cid=s_35560_32_f&fid=35560&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20880685%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Pereno GL, Balaszczuk V, Beltramino CA Previously we have demonstrated that medial nucleus of the amygdala, which is part of medial extended amygdala, is damaged by status epilepticus induced by kainic acid (KA) and this neurodegeneration was prevents by estrogen replacement. The medial bed nucleus of stria terminalis (BSTM) also belong to medial extended amygdala and it is uncertain whether the gonadal hormones are protective or not against this neurotoxicity in the BSTM. Here we show that a single i.p. injection of KA (9mg/kg) induces neurodegeneration in the subnuclei of the BSTM of rats with different degrees of intensity in males and females. A differential neuroprotective effect of the gonadal hormones was also observed. In diestrous rats, massive neuronal death similar ... Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4021710 Sun, 26 Sep 2010 23:00:00 +0100 4021710 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4021714&cid=s_35560_32_f&fid=35560&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20869213%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Gao A, Wang L, Yuan H This paper aims at evaluating the induction of metallothionein (MT) synthesis in gills, heart and hepatopancreas of a freshwater crab, Sinopotamon yangtsekiense. Crabs were exposed to different cadmium concentrations (from 0 to 5mg/L) from 24 to 96h. The amount of cadmium (Cd) accumulated in gills, heart and hepatopancreas of the crab showed an increase with an increase in the treatment concentration. Furthermore, the amount of Cd accumulated in these tissues showed an increase with an increase in duration. On the other hand, MT and β-actin genes were amplified using reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR). Metallothionein gene expression induced by Cd was analyzed using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Its expression levels were correlated... Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4021714 Wed, 22 Sep 2010 23:00:00 +0100 4021714 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4021712&cid=s_35560_32_f&fid=35560&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20869857%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Tripathi T, Khan AA, Shahid M, Khan HM, Siddiqui M, Khan RA, Mahdi AA The present study was designed to delineate the immuno- and hepatotoxicological roles of HRs-antagonists in vivo which is elementary in existing literature. The cohort comprised of two experimental studies. Experimental study 1 was designed for immunological investigations and consisted of seven groups and immunized with intravenous injection of SRBC at day 3 containing six rabbits each. Experimental study 2 was designed to assess the functional status of liver and comprised of seven groups containing five rabbits each. In both experimental studies group-I received sterile distilled water intramuscularly, and group II-VI received subcutaneous histamine, pheniramine (H1R-antagonist), ranitidine (H2R-antagonis... Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4021712 Wed, 22 Sep 2010 23:00:00 +0100 4021712 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4021711&cid=s_35560_32_f&fid=35560&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20869858%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Ghafar SA, Yazan LS, Tahir PM, Ismail M Kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus) a plant of the family Malvaceae, is a valuable fiber plant native to India and Africa. Kenaf seeds contain alpha-linolenic acid, phytosterol such as β-sitosterol, vitamin E and other antioxidants with chemopreventive properties. In the present study we examined the hypothesis that kenaf seed 'supercritical fluid extract' (SFE) extract could suppress the early colon carcinogenesis in vivo by virtue of its bioactive compounds. To accomplish this goal, 60 male rats were randomly assigned to 5 groups which were (1) negative control group [not induced with azoxymethane (AOM)]; (2) positive control group (induced with AOM but received no treatment); (3) group treated with 500mg/kg kenaf seed SFE extract; (4) grou... Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4021711 Wed, 22 Sep 2010 23:00:00 +0100 4021711 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4021713&cid=s_35560_32_f&fid=35560&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20869214%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, the swimming training can attenuate the morbid effects of a high-fat diet combined with sedentary lifestyle in mice. These data reinforce the notion that swimming exercise can be considered an efficient nonpharmacologic therapy in the treatment of NAFLD, obesity and insulin resistance. PMID: 20869214 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology) Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4021713 Tue, 21 Sep 2010 23:00:00 +0100 4021713 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4021715&cid=s_35560_32_f&fid=35560&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20851583%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Messarah M, Klibet F, Boumendjel A, Abdennour C, Bouzerna N, Boulakoud MS, El Feki A The present study was undertaken to evaluate the protective effect of selenium against arsenic-induced oxidative damage in experimental rats. Males were randomly divided into four groups where the first was served as a control, whereas the remaining groups were respectively treated with sodium selenite (3mg/kg b.w.), sodium arsenite (5.55mg/kg b.w.) and a combination of sodium arsenite and sodium selenite. Changes in liver enzyme activities, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) level, antioxidants and reduced glutathione (GSH) contents were determined after 3 weeks experimental period. Exposure of rats to As caused a significant increase in liver TBARS compared to control, but the c... Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4021715 Thu, 16 Sep 2010 23:00:00 +0100 4021715 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4021716&cid=s_35560_32_f&fid=35560&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20843674%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Roth DR, Perentes E Microscopic examination of the heart of a clinically normal 14-month-old female Beagle dog revealed the presence of ectopic thyroid tissue at the base of the heart, around the aorta, and intracardially at the level of the left ventricle and the aortic valve. The tissue was composed of well-differentiated follicles lined by a cuboidal epithelium and containing colloid. Follicular cells and colloid exhibited strong thyroglobulin immunoreactivity, while no parafollicular cells were noted and the immunoreactions for calcitonin remained consistently negative. Although in the dog ectopic thyroid tumors represent 1-10% of all heart base neoplasms (Capen, 1978; Bracha et al., 2009), to the best of our knowledge, nonneoplastic ectopic thyroid tissue has not been rep... Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4021716 Sun, 12 Sep 2010 23:00:00 +0100 4021716 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4021718&cid=s_35560_32_f&fid=35560&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20833517%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Gupta A, Puri V, Sharma R, Puri S Systemic administration of folic acid (FA) in mice was used for studying the pathogenesis associated with acute renal failure (ARF). However, the mechanism by which FA induces ARF remains poorly understood. The present study therefore, was planned to investigate the effect of folic acid administration on prooxidant state and associated ultrastructural changes in renal tissue. Balb/c male mice of 4-6 weeks old were divided into control and two folic acid treatment groups (Groups A and B). The animals in group A were administered intraperitoneal injection of folic acid (100mgkg(-1) body weight) for a period of 7 consecutive days while the animal in group B were administered a single intraperitoneal dose of folic acid (250mgkg(-1) body weight). T... Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4021718 Thu, 09 Sep 2010 23:00:00 +0100 4021718 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4021717&cid=s_35560_32_f&fid=35560&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20833518%26dopt%3DAbstract Letter on behalf of the European College of Veterinary Clinical Pathology in response to the article "International Recommendations for Training Future Toxicologic Pathologists Participating in Regulatory-Type, Nonclinical Toxicity Studies" Exp Toxicol Pathol. 2010 Sep 10; Authors: Bonfanti U, O'Brien P, Pinches M, Poitout F, Stirn M, von Beust B PMID: 20833518 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology) Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4021717 Thu, 09 Sep 2010 23:00:00 +0100 4021717 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4021719&cid=s_35560_32_f&fid=35560&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20833006%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Ben Amara I, Troudi A, Soudani N, Guermazi F, Zeghal N AIMS: Selenium has a pharmacological properties and it is well considered as an antioxidant. The present study investigated the potential ability of selenium, used as a nutritional supplement, to alleviate bone impairments in suckling rats whose mothers were treated with methimazole, an antithyroid drug. MAIN METHODS: Female Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups of six each: group I served as control which received standard diet; group II were rendered hypothyroid by administration of methimazole (250mgL(-1) in their drinking water); group III received both methimazole (250mgL(-1) in their drinking water) and selenium (0.5mgkg(-1) of diet); group IV received 0.5Na(2)SeO(3)mgkg(-1) of diet. Treatments were star... Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4021719 Wed, 08 Sep 2010 23:00:00 +0100 4021719 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4021724&cid=s_35560_32_f&fid=35560&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20832266%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: de Andrade Belo MA, Soares VE, de Souza LM, da Rosa Sobreira MF, Cassol DM, Toma SB The present study evaluated the hepatoprotective effect of an N-acetyl dl-methionine+choline chloride+caffeine+thiamine hydrochloride+nicotinamide+pyridoxine hydrochloride compound at doses of 0.2, 0.6 and 1.0mL/kg of b.w., and the assessment was done by the investigation of serum-enzymatic activity, metabolic functions of the liver and histophatological changes in female Wistar rats, which were subjected to experimental intoxication with CCl(4). One hundred and nineteen rats were randomly distributed into 17 groups, performing five different treatments, being evaluated seven animals per treatment in four periods: 2, 4, 6 and 8 days after CCl(4)-induced intoxication. Treated rats with the hepat... Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4021724 Tue, 07 Sep 2010 23:00:00 +0100 4021724 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4021723&cid=s_35560_32_f&fid=35560&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20832267%26dopt%3DAbstract This study was performed to examine the healing effects of creams prepared from quince seed mucilage on dermal toxicity induced by T-2 toxin. Creams were prepared from quince seed mucilage in eucerin base as 5, 10, and 15% (w/w). To induce dermal toxicity, 100μg T-2 toxin was dissolved in 12μl methanol and applied on the shaved skin of rabbit for 2 consecutive days. A separate group received only solvent (methanol). On the third day, the prepared creams were applied on the skin lesions twice a day until complete healing was occurred. Healing, was defined by decreased wound margin, treatment erythema and blisters. Time required for healing was 14, 14, 12, 10, and 9 days for groups of no treatment, eucerin, quince seed cream 5%, 10%, and 15%, respectively. Results obtained by this stud... Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4021723 Tue, 07 Sep 2010 23:00:00 +0100 4021723 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4021722&cid=s_35560_32_f&fid=35560&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20832268%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Thounaojam MC, Jadeja RN, Dandekar DS, Devkar RV, Ramachandran AV The present study was aim to evaluate protective role of Sida rhomboidea.Roxb (SR) extract against high fat diet/fatty acid induced pathophysiological alterations in experimental model of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Effect of SR extract on plasma levels of markers of hepatic damage, plasma and hepatic lipids, mitochondrial oxidative stress, status of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants and histopathological changes in liver tissue were evaluated in high fat diet fed C57BL/6J mice. Also, the effect of SR supplementation on lipid accumulation, lipid peroxidation, cytotoxicity and cell viability were evaluated in oleic acid treated HepG2 cells. Supplementation of NASH mice with SR extract prevented h... Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4021722 Tue, 07 Sep 2010 23:00:00 +0100 4021722 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4021721&cid=s_35560_32_f&fid=35560&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20832269%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Ahmida MH Vancomycin (VAN) is a glycopeptide antibiotic which is active against gram positive bacteria including methicillin resistant Staphylococci. Free radicals are involved in the pathogenesis of vancomycin-induced nephrotoxicity. Therefore, the present study was conducted to investigate the antioxidant potential of curcumin (CUR) against the nephrotoxicity of vancomycin in male rats. Animals used in this study were divided into four groups; the first group was used as control, the second, third and fourth groups were treated orally with curcumin (200mg/kgBW/day), vancomycin (200mg/kgBW/day, i.p.), vancomycin plus curcumin, respectively. Curcumin was administered 2 weeks before and 1 week simultaneously with vancomycin. Results showed that thiobarbituric acid reactive subs... Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4021721 Tue, 07 Sep 2010 23:00:00 +0100 4021721 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4021720&cid=s_35560_32_f&fid=35560&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20832270%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Huang P, Li G, Chen C, Wang H, Han Y, Zhang S, Xiao Y, Zhang M, Liu N, Chu J, Zhang L, Sun Z Toxicity due to overexposure to manganese (Mn) is becoming increasingly prevalent. Mn-induced neurodegenerative toxicity has been demonstrated, but little is known concerning the adverse effects of the element on the liver. Under physiological conditions, manganese primarily exists as divalent manganese (Mn(2+)) and trivalent manganese (Mn(3+)). The present study was designed to evaluate and compare the effects of Mn(2+) and Mn(3+) on oxidative hepatic damage, membrane fluidity and histopathological changes in rats. Rats exposed to Mn(2+) or Mn(3+) (2.0mg Mn/kg body weight) showed significant inhibition of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity, as well as... Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4021720 Tue, 07 Sep 2010 23:00:00 +0100 4021720 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3960211&cid=s_35560_32_f&fid=35560&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20829007%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Shahzad MN, Javed MT, Shabir S, Irfan M, Hussain R The study was carried out on a total of 100 broiler chicks divided into six equal groups at day 7 of age. Birds were fed copper sulphate and urea in different combinations for up to 37 days and then the birds of all the groups were fed plan feed for one week. The general signs were an increased water intake, ruffled feathering, watery droppings along with salivation in treatment groups. These signs were mild in groups fed low level of urea, while were severe in fed higher levels of these compounds together. Mild to moderate gross changes were observed in the birds of group B, C and D, while more pronounced changes were seen in birds of group E and F. In the latter groups, the liver was pale to yellowish and fragile. Kidneys we... Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3960211 Mon, 06 Sep 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3960211 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3960210&cid=s_35560_32_f&fid=35560&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20829008%26dopt%3DAbstract This study reports gastroprotective effects of a cysteine precursor, L-2-oxothiazolidine-4-carboxylate (OTC), in experimental models of gastric secretion and ulceration. Acid secretion studies (volume and acidity) were undertaken in pylorus-ligated rats whereas the gastric lesions were induced by ethanol. Different groups of animals were treated with OTC (0, 100, 200 and 400mg/kg). The levels of gastric wall mucus, nonprotein sulfhydryls (NP-SH) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) were measured in the glandular stomach of rats following ethanol-induced gastric lesions. Both medium and high doses of OTC significantly reduced the volume and acidity of gastric secretion in pylorus-ligated rats. Pretreatment with OTC significantly and dose-dependently attenuated the formation of ethanol-induced gastric ... Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3960210 Mon, 06 Sep 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3960210 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3960209&cid=s_35560_32_f&fid=35560&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20829009%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Orhan IE, Sener B, Musharraf SG Fumaria species (Fumariaceae) have been recorded to be used traditionally against liver-related disorders in many countries including Turkey. Oxidative stress is also known to be strongly associated with hepatic problems. Consequently, in the current study, the ethanol extracts of four Fumaria species; F. cilicica Hausskn., F. densiflora DC., F. kralikii Jordan and F. parviflora Lam. growing in Turkey were initially screened for their in vitro antioxidant activities by three methods; 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging test, Fe(+2)-ferrozine test system for metal chelating test and ferric-ion reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) at 250, 500 and 1000μg/ml concentrations. Then, each of the ethanol extracts was fractionated into... Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3960209 Mon, 06 Sep 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3960209 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3960212&cid=s_35560_32_f&fid=35560&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20822887%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Choi EM The protective effect of quercitrin on the response of osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells to oxidative stress was evaluated. Osteoblasts were incubated with H(2)O(2) and/or quercitrin, and markers of osteoblast function and oxidative damage were examined. Quercitrin treatment reversed the cytotoxic effect of H(2)O(2) significantly (P<0.05). This effect was blocked by ICI182780 and LY294002, suggesting that quercitrin's effect might be involved in estrogen action and results from PI3K mediated signaling pathway. Pretreatment of quercitrin increased collagen content, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, and calcium deposition of osteoblasts compared with H(2)O(2) treated cells and these effects were blocked by ERKs and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) inhibitors... Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3960212 Thu, 02 Sep 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3960212