MedWorm.com provides a medical RSS filtering service. Over 6000 RSS medical sources are combined and output via different filters. This feed contains the latest items from the 'Facial Plastic Surgery' source. Wed, 17 Mar 2010 14:02:19 +0100 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3221689&cid=s_36608_9_f&fid=36608&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thieme-connect.com%2FDOI%2FDOI10.1055%2Fs-0029-1245067 Facial plast Surg 2010; 26: 054-057DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1245067© Thieme Medical PublishersGet connected:Table of contents  |  Full text (Source: Facial Plastic Surgery) Facial Plastic Surgery journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3221689 Sat, 30 Jan 2010 13:55:03 +0100 3221689 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3221688&cid=s_36608_9_f&fid=36608&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thieme-connect.com%2FDOI%2FDOI10.1055%2Fs-0029-1245065 This article relates some of the strategies taken from the popular business development literature to the setting of plastic surgery practice development.[...]© Thieme Medical PublishersGet connected:Table of contents  |  Abstract  |  Full text (Source: Facial Plastic Surgery) Facial Plastic Surgery journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3221688 Sat, 30 Jan 2010 13:55:03 +0100 3221688 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3221687&cid=s_36608_9_f&fid=36608&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thieme-connect.com%2FDOI%2FDOI10.1055%2Fs-0029-1245064 This article describes the positives and negatives of opening a spa from construction through personnel.[...]© Thieme Medical PublishersGet connected:Table of contents  |  Abstract  |  Full text (Source: Facial Plastic Surgery) Facial Plastic Surgery journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3221687 Sat, 30 Jan 2010 13:55:03 +0100 3221687 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3221686&cid=s_36608_9_f&fid=36608&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thieme-connect.com%2FDOI%2FDOI10.1055%2Fs-0029-1245063 Facial plast Surg 2010; 26: 039-044DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1245063ABSTRACTDeveloping a successful Internet strategy can help attract new patients and take your practice to the next level. Today, as the Internet has evolved, it is more important than ever, especially as your competitors are likely pursuing more aggressive strategies themselves. There are several important components involved, and maximizing your efforts with each can help create a comprehensive and sound strategy that achieves significant results. Behind such a strategy you will find a strong focus in many areas, including Web site development, search engine optimization, link building, content creation, blogs, video, choosing a vendor, patient conversion, Web 2.0, social networking, reputation management, and more. Understandi... Facial Plastic Surgery journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3221686 Sat, 30 Jan 2010 13:55:03 +0100 3221686 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3221685&cid=s_36608_9_f&fid=36608&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thieme-connect.com%2FDOI%2FDOI10.1055%2Fs-0029-1245062 Facial plast Surg 2010; 26: 034-038DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1245062ABSTRACTAs facial plastic surgery becomes more global, pressures for practices to become commoditized will increase. Commoditized practices are those in which price drives the quality of the product. Franchised surgical practices have also recently increased within the United States and abroad. These are always commoditized by their corporate philosophies. There are better ways to create value than to lower price to compete with a neighboring practice. By establishing a Transcendent Relationship™ of growth, both the surgeon and the patient are more satisfied with their facial plastic surgical experiences. Key tools helpful in predicting future directions for a practice, the Four Compass Points™ and the Average Best P... Facial Plastic Surgery journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3221685 Sat, 30 Jan 2010 13:55:03 +0100 3221685 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3221684&cid=s_36608_9_f&fid=36608&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thieme-connect.com%2FDOI%2FDOI10.1055%2Fs-0029-1245061 This article introduces the concept of Retailicine, combining inherent edicts of medicine with the best practices in business, so today's aesthetic physician can develop strategies for success in any economy. Through the efficient use of marketing strategies catered to aesthetic medicine, aesthetic practices can thrive. Emphasizing the patient's experience, effectively using the Internet, and an ego-devoid introspective analysis of the flaws of one's practice are essential for any successful aesthetic physician to grow and be prosperous despite any shortfalls in the economy.[...]© Thieme Medical PublishersGet connected:Table of contents  |  Abstract  |  Full text (Source: Facial Plastic Surgery) Facial Plastic Surgery journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3221684 Sat, 30 Jan 2010 13:55:03 +0100 3221684 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3195088&cid=s_36608_9_f&fid=36608&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thieme-connect.com%2FDOI%2FDOI10.1055%2Fs-0029-1245068 Facial plast Surg 2010; 26: 059-059DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1245068© Thieme Medical PublishersGet connected:Table of contents  |  Full text (Source: Facial Plastic Surgery) Facial Plastic Surgery journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3195088 Fri, 22 Jan 2010 13:57:16 +0100 3195088 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3195087&cid=s_36608_9_f&fid=36608&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thieme-connect.com%2FDOI%2FDOI10.1055%2Fs-0029-1245060 This article reviews sound advice and strategies for what an aesthetic physician can do to survive and even flourish in today's new economy.[...]© Thieme Medical PublishersGet connected:Table of contents  |  Abstract  |  Full text (Source: Facial Plastic Surgery) Facial Plastic Surgery journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3195087 Fri, 22 Jan 2010 13:57:16 +0100 3195087 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3195086&cid=s_36608_9_f&fid=36608&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thieme-connect.com%2FDOI%2FDOI10.1055%2Fs-0029-1245058 Facial plast Surg 2010; 26: 012-015DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1245058ABSTRACTAntiaging medicine is the fastest growing medical specialty. It would behoove plastic surgeons to give serious consideration to extending their practices to incorporate antiaging medicine given the similarities in their patient populations, office settings, and fee-for-service practices. It is important to find a practitioner board-certified in antiaging and regenerative medicine that has done a 2-year fellowship in the specialty. Additionally, you must structure your business relationship appropriate to your needs and your practice. There are several options for the arrangement, including (1) having the antiaging physician use your office on your operative days or days off, (2) incorporating the antiaging physician as a... Facial Plastic Surgery journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3195086 Fri, 22 Jan 2010 13:57:16 +0100 3195086 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3195085&cid=s_36608_9_f&fid=36608&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thieme-connect.com%2FDOI%2FDOI10.1055%2Fs-0029-1245056 Facial plast Surg 2010; 26: 003-006DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1245056ABSTRACTIn today's market, the aesthetic physician needs to connect with patients using methods that are personal, educational, and that will glean the interest of prospective patients whose attention and dollars are sought by countless facial plastic surgery competitors near and far. Public relations, or reaching your prospective patient without a direct solicitation (advertising) for services, are traditional means that include media relations and charitable and social events. With the added component of social media, today the opportunities to reach out for new patients and garner real results are more varied and more affordable than ever before.[...]© Thieme Medical PublishersGet connected:Table of contents  |  Abstract... Facial Plastic Surgery journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3195085 Fri, 22 Jan 2010 13:57:16 +0100 3195085 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3195084&cid=s_36608_9_f&fid=36608&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thieme-connect.com%2FDOI%2FDOI10.1055%2Fs-0029-1245066 Facial plast Surg 2010; 26: 001-001DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1245066© Thieme Medical PublishersGet connected:Table of contents  |  Full text (Source: Facial Plastic Surgery) Facial Plastic Surgery journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3195084 Fri, 22 Jan 2010 02:49:42 +0100 3195084 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3102842&cid=s_36608_9_f&fid=36608&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thieme-connect.com%2FDOI%2FDOI10.1055%2Fs-0029-1243083 Facial plast Surg 2009; 25: 337-346DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1243083ABSTRACTPatients with photodamaged skin need guidance in selecting treatment plans that optimize outcomes, minimize downtime, and reduce adverse effects. The gold standard among cosmeceuticals is the topical retinoids, such as tretinoin. A topical formulation of folic acid and creatine appears to be a viable treatment option for the treatment of photodamaged skin. The use of specific topical cosmeceuticals in combination with nonablative photorejuvenation is recommended in choosing modalities that address the concerns of the patient. A combination of intense pulsed light (IPL), low-intensity diode light, and biostimulating drugs has been shown to provide results superior to those of IPL alone for photorejuvenation. Photodynamic ... Facial Plastic Surgery journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3102842 Sat, 19 Dec 2009 13:55:29 +0100 3102842 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3102841&cid=s_36608_9_f&fid=36608&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thieme-connect.com%2FDOI%2FDOI10.1055%2Fs-0029-1243082 Facial plast Surg 2009; 25: 329-336DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1243082ABSTRACTChemical peeling is becoming increasingly popular for the treatment of skin rejuvenation where it can improve damaged skin and fine wrinkles. The basic procedure aims at obtaining a controlled chemical burn of the epidermis and/or dermis. This results in epidermal regeneration and postinflammatory collagen neoformation with remodeling of collagen and elastic fibers and deposition of glycosaminoglycans in the dermis. Various chemicals have been used as peeling agents, of which the most used are the α-hydroxy acids, such as glycolic acid, or β-hydroxy acids, such as salicylic acid. The choice of the compound is linked to the different indications and to the depth of the desired peeling. Phenol is still the best a... Facial Plastic Surgery journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3102841 Sat, 19 Dec 2009 13:55:29 +0100 3102841 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3102840&cid=s_36608_9_f&fid=36608&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thieme-connect.com%2FDOI%2FDOI10.1055%2Fs-0029-1243081 This article describes the most frequent and serious complications, their prevention, and treatment.[...]© Thieme Medical PublishersGet connected:Table of contents  |  Abstract  |  Full text (Source: Facial Plastic Surgery) Facial Plastic Surgery journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3102840 Sat, 19 Dec 2009 13:55:29 +0100 3102840 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3102839&cid=s_36608_9_f&fid=36608&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thieme-connect.com%2FDOI%2FDOI10.1055%2Fs-0029-1243080 Facial plast Surg 2009; 25: 316-323DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1243080ABSTRACTModern lasers and light-based sources that were developed based on the theory of selective photothermolysis are capable of destroying specific tissue targets while minimizing the risk of scarring and pigmentary changes. This is accomplished through the use of a wavelength and pulse duration that is best absorbed by a specific chromophore such as melanin or hemoglobin. However, not all lasers and light sources adhere to this principle. Continuous wave (CW) lasers are least selective and may produce unwanted tissue damage and scarring through heat conduction to normal skin. Quasi-CW lasers limit excessive thermal destruction by delivery of a series of brief laser pulses but still pose a higher risk of nonspecific tissue da... Facial Plastic Surgery journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3102839 Sat, 19 Dec 2009 13:55:29 +0100 3102839 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3102838&cid=s_36608_9_f&fid=36608&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thieme-connect.com%2FDOI%2FDOI10.1055%2Fs-0029-1243079 Facial plast Surg 2009; 25: 311-315DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1243079ABSTRACTMany techniques have been described to improve facial scars. In this review we address nonoperative strategies to manage facial scarring. Scar characteristics and anatomic location are discussed. The following nonoperative techniques are comprehensively examined: pulsed dye laser (PDL), subcision, fat transplantation, collagen injection, dermabrasion, steroid injection, and fillers. The PDL is advocated to flatten and decrease the volume of hypertrophic scars while improving texture and pliability. Dermabrasion is used to blend acne scars into the surrounding facial skin by subtly improving their contour. Fat transplantation, collagen, and filler injection is recommended in the treatment of acne depressed scars and traum... Facial Plastic Surgery journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3102838 Sat, 19 Dec 2009 13:55:29 +0100 3102838 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3102837&cid=s_36608_9_f&fid=36608&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thieme-connect.com%2FDOI%2FDOI10.1055%2Fs-0029-1243078 Facial plast Surg 2009; 25: 301-310DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1243078ABSTRACTDermabrasion and microdermabrasion are facial resurfacing techniques that mechanically ablate aged or damaged skin to promote reepithelialization. Although the act of physically abrading the skin is common to both procedures, dermabrasion and microdermabrasion employ different instruments and are distinct in their technical executions. Dermabrasion completely removes the epidermis and penetrates to the level of the papillary or reticular dermis, inducing remodeling of the skin's structural proteins. Microdermabrasion only removes the uppermost layer of the epidermis, accelerating the natural process of exfoliation. Both techniques can result in clinically significant improvements in the appearance of skin and may become ... Facial Plastic Surgery journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3102837 Sat, 19 Dec 2009 13:55:29 +0100 3102837 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3102836&cid=s_36608_9_f&fid=36608&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thieme-connect.com%2FDOI%2FDOI10.1055%2Fs-0029-1243077 Facial plast Surg 2009; 25: 290-300DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1243077ABSTRACTIntense pulsed light technology has revolutionized the noninvasive treatment of a whole variety of cutaneous cosmetic problems. Today's machines are safer, more diverse, less painful, and readily available. Intense pulsed lights can be used to treat vascular and pigmented lesions and are used for facial rejuvenation and the removal of unwanted hair. Newer, less powerful home-device intense pulsed light sources will not replace those used in a physician's office but will augment the use of today's more powerful medical office systems.[...]© Thieme Medical PublishersGet connected:Table of contents  |  Abstract  |  Full text (Source: Facial Plastic Surgery) Facial Plastic Surgery journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3102836 Sat, 19 Dec 2009 13:55:29 +0100 3102836 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3102835&cid=s_36608_9_f&fid=36608&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thieme-connect.com%2FDOI%2FDOI10.1055%2Fs-0029-1243076 Facial plast Surg 2009; 25: 285-289DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1243076ABSTRACTFacial plastic surgeons are frequently called upon to enhance the appearance of their patients. Typically, this involves surgery of the face or neck. Increasingly, this may also require the use of injectables such as botulinum toxins, fillers, and volumizers. Lasers and light sources are used to enhance the appearance of the surface of the skin. Each of these modalities will help to improve the patient but are limited by the fact that they require the patient to be treated in the office. With the advent of effective topical agents, patients are increasingly able to improve their appearance with the use of prescription and nonprescription topical products. It is incumbent upon the facial plastic surgeon to have an underst... Facial Plastic Surgery journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3102835 Sat, 19 Dec 2009 13:55:29 +0100 3102835 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3102834&cid=s_36608_9_f&fid=36608&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thieme-connect.com%2FDOI%2FDOI10.1055%2Fs-0029-1243075 Facial plast Surg 2009; 25: 281-284DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1243075ABSTRACTFacial aging is a multidimensional, multifactorial process. The aging face has traditionally been treated by each specialty in a different manner. However, by understanding the process from the perspective of different specialties, each physician may better treat the spectrum of facial aging. Whether or not the facial plastic surgeon injects products to restore volume, uses lasers to resurface the epidermis and dermis, incorporates cosmeceuticals to enhance and maintain improvements in the skin integrity and appearance, or relaxes muscles with botulinum toxins, he or she can best advise patients and address facial aging by having a functional understanding of these various modalities. With this knowledge, the facial plas... Facial Plastic Surgery journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3102834 Sat, 19 Dec 2009 13:55:29 +0100 3102834 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3102833&cid=s_36608_9_f&fid=36608&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thieme-connect.com%2FDOI%2FDOI10.1055%2Fs-0029-1243074 Facial plast Surg 2009; 25: 279-280DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1243074© Thieme Medical PublishersGet connected:Table of contents  |  Full text (Source: Facial Plastic Surgery) Facial Plastic Surgery journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3102833 Sat, 19 Dec 2009 13:55:29 +0100 3102833 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3005481&cid=s_36608_9_f&fid=36608&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thieme-connect.com%2FDOI%2FDOI10.1055%2Fs-0029-1242133 Facial plast Surg 2009; 25: 277-277DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1242133© Thieme Medical PublishersGet connected:Table of contents  |  Full text (Source: Facial Plastic Surgery) Facial Plastic Surgery journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3005481 Thu, 19 Nov 2009 13:59:05 +0100 3005481 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3005480&cid=s_36608_9_f&fid=36608&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thieme-connect.com%2FDOI%2FDOI10.1055%2Fs-0029-1242033 This article describes its use for cosmetic facial applications.[...]© Thieme Medical PublishersGet connected:Table of contents  |  Abstract  |  Full text (Source: Facial Plastic Surgery) Facial Plastic Surgery journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3005480 Thu, 19 Nov 2009 13:59:05 +0100 3005480 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3005479&cid=s_36608_9_f&fid=36608&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thieme-connect.com%2FDOI%2FDOI10.1055%2Fs-0029-1242038 Facial plast Surg 2009; 25: 260-269DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1242038ABSTRACTThe desire for minimally invasive facial rejuvenation has continued to increase from the perspective of both the patients and injectors. For successful rejuvenation, it is important to understand the anatomic changes of the aging face as well as the properties of available neuromodulators and soft tissue fillers. The injector should be knowledgeable of the advantages and disadvantages of each product. Patient selection, perhaps, plays the largest role in success, choosing patients that would truly benefit from and have reasonable expectations for minimally invasive techniques. Unsatisfactory outcomes can be limited by meticulous injection technique and well thought out treatment plans.[...]© Thieme Medical PublishersGet... Facial Plastic Surgery journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3005479 Thu, 19 Nov 2009 13:59:05 +0100 3005479 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3005478&cid=s_36608_9_f&fid=36608&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thieme-connect.com%2FDOI%2FDOI10.1055%2Fs-0029-1242037 Facial plast Surg 2009; 25: 252-259DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1242037ABSTRACTTraditional theories on facial aging and methods for rejuvenation focus primarily on soft tissues with ptosis as the major mechanism responsible for senescent changes. Anatomic studies demonstrate that there are also many changes to the craniofacial skeleton as patients age. Midface skeletal augmentation, using implants made of porous polyethylene, is a simple and effective method to reverse age-related changes of the facial skeleton in patients with intact occlusion. Skeletal implants correct concave morphology by increasing projection and provide a means to resuspend cheek soft tissues that have descended off a deficient bony platform. Beyond rejuvenation, skeletal implants can be used to restore facial proportions in ... Facial Plastic Surgery journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3005478 Thu, 19 Nov 2009 13:59:05 +0100 3005478 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3005477&cid=s_36608_9_f&fid=36608&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thieme-connect.com%2FDOI%2FDOI10.1055%2Fs-0029-1242036 Facial plast Surg 2009; 25: 245-251DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1242036ABSTRACTThere is a significant desire by patients to reverse the signs of aging caused by photodamage. Numerous procedures for facial skin rejuvenation have been developed in an attempt to minimize the erythema, dyspigmentation, and rhytides associated with photoaging. The initial procedures developed for facial rejuvenation involve skin resurfacing via complete ablation of layers of skin. Of these procedures, ablative laser resurfacing is the most precise technique and is considered the gold standard for facial skin rejuvenation. Although ablative procedures are quite efficacious, they carry significant patient downtime and risks of adverse effects such as scarring and dyspigmentation. Concerns regarding patient morbidity have ... Facial Plastic Surgery journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3005477 Thu, 19 Nov 2009 13:59:05 +0100 3005477 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3005476&cid=s_36608_9_f&fid=36608&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thieme-connect.com%2FDOI%2FDOI10.1055%2Fs-0029-1242035 This article outlines the evolution of our approach to lower eyelid blepharoplasty with a specific focus on the importance of management of fat in the periocular region. A discussion of various surgical approaches with their advantages and disadvantages is presented, and the importance of maintaining a safe lower eyelid is emphasized. A comprehensive and systematic approach to restoration of the lower eyelid is highlighted with specific postoperative results.[...]© Thieme Medical PublishersGet connected:Table of contents  |  Abstract  |  Full text (Source: Facial Plastic Surgery) Facial Plastic Surgery journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3005476 Thu, 19 Nov 2009 13:59:05 +0100 3005476 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3005475&cid=s_36608_9_f&fid=36608&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thieme-connect.com%2FDOI%2FDOI10.1055%2Fs-0029-1242034 Facial plast Surg 2009; 25: 222-233DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1242034ABSTRACTEndoscopic method of rejuvenating the brow-forehead complex has evolved into the procedure of choice for many aesthetic surgeons. Safe and reliable application of the endoscopic technique depends on several important factors. These include technical expertise with the endoscopic equipment, understanding of the surgical goals in patients seeking rejuvenation in the forehead region, and detailed comprehension of the steps involved in altering forehead anatomy during endoscopic lifting. In this manuscript, the senior author reviews his experience with the endoscopic forehead lift and delineates a stepwise approach to this technically challenging operation. The text also highlights important details with respect to patient c... Facial Plastic Surgery journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3005475 Thu, 19 Nov 2009 13:59:05 +0100 3005475 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3005474&cid=s_36608_9_f&fid=36608&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thieme-connect.com%2FDOI%2FDOI10.1055%2Fs-0029-1242032 This article provides an overview of versatile and proven techniques that may be applied to the majority of aging nose rhinoplasty cases and that have been found to yield predictable and lasting results.[...]© Thieme Medical PublishersGet connected:Table of contents  |  Abstract  |  Full text (Source: Facial Plastic Surgery) Facial Plastic Surgery journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3005474 Thu, 19 Nov 2009 13:59:05 +0100 3005474 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3005473&cid=s_36608_9_f&fid=36608&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thieme-connect.com%2FDOI%2FDOI10.1055%2Fs-0029-1242031 Facial plast Surg 2009; 25: 213-213DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1242031© Thieme Medical PublishersGet connected:Table of contents  |  Full text (Source: Facial Plastic Surgery) Facial Plastic Surgery journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3005473 Thu, 19 Nov 2009 02:56:40 +0100 3005473 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2866985&cid=s_36608_9_f&fid=36608&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thieme-connect.com%2FDOI%2FDOI10.1055%2Fs-0029-1239450 Facial plast Surg 2009; 25: 204-211DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1239450ABSTRACTAuricular reconstruction is a challenging, mostly multistaged procedure that requires many different techniques. Whereas standard techniques have been developed for the standard severe, third-degree dysplasia, we are often confronted with severely scarred patients due to excess trauma or prior operations. These special situations need a variety of special techniques; some of those are described here to be considered as alternative options.[...]© Thieme Medical PublishersGet connected:Table of contents  |  Abstract  |  Full text (Source: Facial Plastic Surgery) Facial Plastic Surgery journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2866985 Wed, 07 Oct 2009 14:12:13 +0100 2866985 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2866984&cid=s_36608_9_f&fid=36608&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thieme-connect.com%2FDOI%2FDOI10.1055%2Fs-0029-1239446 Facial plast Surg 2009; 25: 190-203DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1239446ABSTRACTAn ear episthesis is an artificial substitute for the auricle. The term is used synonymously. The breakthrough came with the introduction of the modern silicones and their colorings. Although there are still indications for noninvasive methods of retention such as medical adhesives, the best and most reliable method of fixation is by bone anchorage. Long-lasting osseointegration with reaction-free skin penetration can be achieved with titanium implants. The first system used extraorally was the Brånemark flange fixture. Later, different solitary titanium implants were introduced, such as the ITI system. A different strategy used the titanium grids (Epitec) or plates (Epiplating) derived from osteosynthesis systems. Thes... Facial Plastic Surgery journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2866984 Wed, 07 Oct 2009 14:12:13 +0100 2866984 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2866983&cid=s_36608_9_f&fid=36608&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thieme-connect.com%2FDOI%2FDOI10.1055%2Fs-0029-1239448 Facial plast Surg 2009; 25: 181-189DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1239448ABSTRACTEar reconstruction is a difficult procedure requiring a framework and soft tissue covering. The traditional method uses a rib cartilage framework placed beneath scalp skin. This method has been used for 50 years despite inherent problems with both harvesting rib cartilage and using scalp for coverage. The authors describe a method using a porous polyethylene (PPE) framework covered by a large temporoparietal fascia (TFP) flap raised with the underlying subgaleal fascia (SGF). The entire implant is covered by the two-layered flap, which can be raised without any scalp incision. The skin grafts applied to the covered implant lie on the SGF. The trilaminar structure of the SGF allows the skin to move independently over the ... Facial Plastic Surgery journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2866983 Wed, 07 Oct 2009 14:12:13 +0100 2866983 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2866982&cid=s_36608_9_f&fid=36608&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thieme-connect.com%2FDOI%2FDOI10.1055%2Fs-0029-1239447 Facial plast Surg 2009; 25: 175-180DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1239447ABSTRACTIn many microtia patients, the hairline is lower than ideal. Despite this, it is essential to position the reconstructed ear in the correct place. Here is a series of tips and tricks to deal with unwanted hair on the skin that covers an autogenous tissue reconstruction. Replacement of the skin with a fascial flap and skin graft remains the mainstay of treatment for a very-low-hairline case. Surgical removal of hair on the helical rim during the release procedure is also described. Laser depilation, surgical electrolysis, and even shaving techniques are also discussed.[...]© Thieme Medical PublishersGet connected:Table of contents  |  Abstract  |  Full text (Source: Facial Plastic Surgery) Facial Plastic Surgery journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2866982 Wed, 07 Oct 2009 14:12:13 +0100 2866982 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2866981&cid=s_36608_9_f&fid=36608&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thieme-connect.com%2FDOI%2FDOI10.1055%2Fs-0029-1239449 Facial plast Surg 2009; 25: 169-174DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1239449ABSTRACTAlthough the use of autogenous cartilage is the gold standard in auricular reconstruction, its main disadvantage is the morbidity due to harvesting the cartilage. This includes postoperative pain, visible scar, and possibly asymmetry and reduced stability of the thorax. To reduce all of these drawbacks, we describe some modifications that reduce pain to a low tolerable level, hide the scar invisibly in the submammary fold in females, and induce regeneration as well reestablish stability of the rib defect.[...]© Thieme Medical PublishersGet connected:Table of contents  |  Abstract  |  Full text (Source: Facial Plastic Surgery) Facial Plastic Surgery journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2866981 Wed, 07 Oct 2009 14:12:13 +0100 2866981 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2866980&cid=s_36608_9_f&fid=36608&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thieme-connect.com%2FDOI%2FDOI10.1055%2Fs-0029-1239445 Facial plast Surg 2009; 25: 164-168DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1239445ABSTRACTReconstruction of the auricle is known to be complex. Our objective was to evaluate the improvement of the outcome of the lobulus-type microtia reconstruction. Patient satisfaction was also evaluated. There are no previous reports of the learning process in this field. Postoperative photographs of 51 microtia reconstructions were assessed and rated by a panel made up of six surgeons. The ratings were gathered to generate learning curves. Twenty-two patients assessed the outlook of their reconstructed ears, and the results were analyzed as a self-assessment group. The reliability of the rating by a panel was tested by intraclass correlations. There is a highly significant increasing trend in learning ( = 0.000... Facial Plastic Surgery journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2866980 Wed, 07 Oct 2009 14:12:13 +0100 2866980 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2866979&cid=s_36608_9_f&fid=36608&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thieme-connect.com%2FDOI%2FDOI10.1055%2Fs-0029-1239452 Facial plast Surg 2009; 25: 158-163DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1239452ABSTRACTLearning how to perform ear reconstruction is very difficult. There are no standardized teaching methods. This has resulted in many ear reconstructions being suboptimal. Learning requires a major commitment by the surgeon. Factors to be seriously considered by those considering performing this surgery are (1) commitment, (2) aptitude, (3) training methods available, (4) surgical skills and experience, and (5) additional equipment needs. Unless all these factors are addressed in a surgeon's decision to perform this form of reconstruction, the end result will be compromised, and patient care will not be optimized. It is hoped that considering these factors and following this approach will result in a higher quality of aest... Facial Plastic Surgery journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2866979 Wed, 07 Oct 2009 14:12:13 +0100 2866979 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2866978&cid=s_36608_9_f&fid=36608&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thieme-connect.com%2FDOI%2FDOI10.1055%2Fs-0029-1239451 Facial plast Surg 2009; 25: 149-157DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1239451ABSTRACTAlthough several techniques can be used for microtia repair, some standard procedures have been developed over the past few decades. In specialized centers, these techniques are performed most frequently. They include two to four operative steps using autogenous rib cartilage for the framework and local skin for its tegument. We have been using this technique presented here in more than 800 cases over the past two decades with good and mostly stable results.[...]© Thieme Medical PublishersGet connected:Table of contents  |  Abstract  |  Full text (Source: Facial Plastic Surgery) Facial Plastic Surgery journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2866978 Wed, 07 Oct 2009 14:12:13 +0100 2866978 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2866977&cid=s_36608_9_f&fid=36608&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thieme-connect.com%2FDOI%2FDOI10.1055%2Fs-0029-1239444 Facial plast Surg 2009; 25: 145-148DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1239444ABSTRACTThe auricle derives from six hillocks arising from the first and second branchial arches. Different hillocks give rise to different parts of the pinna. In the course of embryonic development, the auricle migrates postero-cranially as the mandible enlarges. Auricular malformations, such as microtia, are thought to be related to cell death of the first and second arch derivatives. The prevalence and characteristics of microtia vary in different populations. The prevalence ranges from 0.83 to 17.4 per 10,000. Microtia is more common in males, and right-sided dominance varies from 57 to 67%. The prevalence of aural atresia or stenosis varies from 55 to 93%. Microtia has been associated with numerous risk factors including ra... Facial Plastic Surgery journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2866977 Wed, 07 Oct 2009 14:12:13 +0100 2866977 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2866976&cid=s_36608_9_f&fid=36608&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thieme-connect.com%2FDOI%2FDOI10.1055%2Fs-0029-1239443 Facial plast Surg 2009; 25: 143-143DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1239443© Thieme Medical PublishersGet connected:Table of contents  |  Full text (Source: Facial Plastic Surgery) Facial Plastic Surgery journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2866976 Wed, 07 Oct 2009 14:12:13 +0100 2866976 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2391366&cid=s_36608_9_f&fid=36608&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thieme-connect.com%2FDOI%2FDOI10.1055%2Fs-0029-1220655 Facial plast Surg 2009; 25: 135-142DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1220655ABSTRACTThere are now many injectable implants for face remodeling since the first product appeared in Europe in 1984. The treatment regions most in demand are the cheeks, jaws, lips, and the oval of the face. The aging process is due to fat resorption over the upper two thirds of the face, in addition to the loss of elasticity. Weakness in the skin and subcutaneous fascia becomes more apparent over the lower third of the face. The fat loss together with the slack skin gives the impression of gauntness and loss of volume under the eyes (i.e., the zygomatic and palpebral areas). Treating the zygomatic bone area and subcutaneous tissue by injecting filler products will increase volume around the zygomatic malar bone and subcutaneo... Facial Plastic Surgery journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2391366 Thu, 07 May 2009 13:28:22 +0100 2391366 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2391365&cid=s_36608_9_f&fid=36608&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thieme-connect.com%2FDOI%2FDOI10.1055%2Fs-0029-1220654 This article will discuss the authors' experience with some of the more popular soft tissue fillers on the market in Canada that are not currently available in the United States.[...]© Thieme Medical PublishersGet connected:Table of contents  |  Abstract  |  Full text (Source: Facial Plastic Surgery) Facial Plastic Surgery journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2391365 Thu, 07 May 2009 13:28:22 +0100 2391365 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2391364&cid=s_36608_9_f&fid=36608&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thieme-connect.com%2FDOI%2FDOI10.1055%2Fs-0029-1220653 Facial plast Surg 2009; 25: 124-128DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1220653ABSTRACTInjectable fillers have gained widespread acceptance among the public and provide a nonsurgical means of rejuvenating the face. As the demand for fillers increases, facial plastic surgeons must become not only expert injectors but also experts in managing the complications of fillers. Little scientific data exists regarding the incidence of complications, and more adverse effects may be seen with longer-term follow-up of patients. The purpose of this article is to review the most commonly encountered complications and management thereof.[...]© Thieme Medical PublishersGet connected:Table of contents  |  Abstract  |  Full text (Source: Facial Plastic Surgery) Facial Plastic Surgery journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2391364 Thu, 07 May 2009 13:28:22 +0100 2391364 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2391363&cid=s_36608_9_f&fid=36608&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thieme-connect.com%2FDOI%2FDOI10.1055%2Fs-0029-1220652 This article outlines the approval process that foreign fillers go through in their home countries and gives an idea of the fillers that are currently under consideration by the FDA. As our armamentarium of injectable fillers grows, it will be essential to know each product's strengths and weaknesses so that we can provide our patients with the best possible aesthetic results.[...]© Thieme Medical PublishersGet connected:Table of contents  |  Abstract  |  Full text (Source: Facial Plastic Surgery) Facial Plastic Surgery journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2391363 Thu, 07 May 2009 13:28:22 +0100 2391363 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2391362&cid=s_36608_9_f&fid=36608&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thieme-connect.com%2FDOI%2FDOI10.1055%2Fs-0029-1220651 Facial plast Surg 2009; 25: 114-119DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1220651ABSTRACTArteFill is a novel, third-generation polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) injectable filler with unique properties. When compared with predecessor materials, ArteFill demonstrates improved biocompatibility as a result of more uniform PMMA microsphere size and shape. This translates into less adverse events after placement. ArteFill can provide a permanent volume enhancement by stimulation of fibroblasts that encapsulate nonabsorbable microspheres with collagen deposition. Currently, ArteFill is FDA approved for permanent augmentation of moderately deep nasolabial folds. It is also commonly used off-label for augmentation of other skin creases and regional areas of volume deficiency, such as the tear trough–malar and mari... Facial Plastic Surgery journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2391362 Thu, 07 May 2009 13:28:22 +0100 2391362 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2391361&cid=s_36608_9_f&fid=36608&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thieme-connect.com%2FDOI%2FDOI10.1055%2Fs-0029-1220650 This article will focus on the historical benefits and risks of collagen injections and the typical outcomes. With the advent of hyaluronic acid products and other options, the risks of collagen and limited benefit have caused a marked loss of market share. Specifically, allergy is a major concern. As a result, two rounds of skin testing are required adding inconvenience and delay for both the practitioner and patient. Furthermore, a negative skin test does not guarantee allergic reactions or other more serious side effects will not occur. Finally, the perceived clinical efficacy is often short lived despite histopathologic assessments showing that collagen persists at best 9 months.[...]© Thieme Medical PublishersGet connected:Table of contents  |  Abstract  |  Full text (Source:... Facial Plastic Surgery journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2391361 Thu, 07 May 2009 13:28:22 +0100 2391361 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2391360&cid=s_36608_9_f&fid=36608&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thieme-connect.com%2FDOI%2FDOI10.1055%2Fs-0029-1220649 Facial plast Surg 2009; 25: 100-105DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1220649ABSTRACTInjectable calcium hydroxylapatite (Radiesse) received FDA approval in 2006 for the correction of facial lipoatrophy and moderate to severe facial wrinkles. This product consists of microspheres of a synthetic bone suspended in a methylcellulose gel matrix. Because the product is thicker than the hyaluronic acids, it is used for the correction of moderate to severe wrinkles, such as deep nasolabial folds. It is also used “off-label” to treat multiple areas of the face, nose, and hands. Radiesse is injected into the subdermal plane, and correction lasts approximately 1 year after injection.[...]© Thieme Medical PublishersGet connected:Table of contents  |  Abstract  |  Full text (Source: Facial Plasti... Facial Plastic Surgery journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2391360 Thu, 07 May 2009 13:28:22 +0100 2391360 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2391359&cid=s_36608_9_f&fid=36608&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thieme-connect.com%2FDOI%2FDOI10.1055%2Fs-0029-1220648 Facial plast Surg 2009; 25: 095-099DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1220648ABSTRACTSculptra is a biocompatible, resorbable injectable filler composed of poly--lactic acid (PLLA). It falls in the class of a stimulatory filler that creates its effect through encouraging neocollagenesis when injected. As it differs from traditional, static fillers such as hyaluronic acid and collagen, it requires a special understanding of how it works, where it can be used, and how it should be injected. The goal of this article is to review the nature of stimulatory volume replacement with a focus on PLLA and its unique considerations. Both the natural method of volume restoration and the persistence of results of up to 2 to 3 years make this product one worthy of inclusion in the first line of tools for cosmetic rejuve... Facial Plastic Surgery journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2391359 Thu, 07 May 2009 13:28:22 +0100 2391359 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2391358&cid=s_36608_9_f&fid=36608&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thieme-connect.com%2FDOI%2FDOI10.1055%2Fs-0029-1220647 Facial plast Surg 2009; 25: 086-094DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1220647ABSTRACTOver the past decade, the popularity of nonsurgical cosmetic procedures has increased exponentially. Last year, according to the American Society of Aesthetic Plastic Surgery, more than 5 million procedures were performed using cosmetic injectables such as botulinum toxin and dermal filling agents. According to the society's recent statistics, more than 85% of all dermal filler procedures occurred with a hyaluronic acid derivative.These numbers are expected to rise in the future as there is currently no other class of filling agent that rivals the popularity of hyaluronic acid. The popularity of hyaluronic acid specifically stems from its effectiveness, ease of administration, and safety profile.[...]© Thieme Medical Pu... Facial Plastic Surgery journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2391358 Thu, 07 May 2009 13:28:22 +0100 2391358 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2391357&cid=s_36608_9_f&fid=36608&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thieme-connect.com%2FDOI%2FDOI10.1055%2Fs-0029-1220646 Facial plast Surg 2009; 25: 073-085DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1220646ABSTRACTThe biologic behavior of a facial filler determines its advantages and disadvantages. The purpose of this article is to look at the relevant biology as part of a logical basis for making treatment decisions. Historical perspectives and biologic characteristics such as local tissue reaction (including phagocytosis and granulomatous inflammation) cross-linking, particle concentration, immunogenicity, biofilm formation, gel hardness, and collagen neogenesis are considered. Bovine collagen is the most immunogenic facial filler. Porcine and bioengineered human collagen implants have very low immunogenicity, but allergic reactions and elevations of IgG are possible. Cross-linking and concentration affect the longevity of colla... Facial Plastic Surgery journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2391357 Thu, 07 May 2009 13:28:22 +0100 2391357 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2391356&cid=s_36608_9_f&fid=36608&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thieme-connect.com%2FDOI%2FDOI10.1055%2Fs-0029-1220645 This article will review the highlights of the evolution of facial filling agents.[...]© Thieme Medical PublishersGet connected:Table of contents  |  Abstract  |  Full text (Source: Facial Plastic Surgery) Facial Plastic Surgery journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2391356 Thu, 07 May 2009 13:28:22 +0100 2391356 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2391355&cid=s_36608_9_f&fid=36608&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thieme-connect.com%2FDOI%2FDOI10.1055%2Fs-0029-1220644 Facial plast Surg 2009; 25: 065-065DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1220644© Thieme Medical PublishersGet connected:Table of contents  |  Full text (Source: Facial Plastic Surgery) Facial Plastic Surgery journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2391355 Thu, 07 May 2009 13:28:22 +0100 2391355 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2391354&cid=s_36608_9_f&fid=36608&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thieme-connect.com%2FDOI%2FDOI10.1055%2Fs-0029-1220656 Facial plast Surg 2009; 25: 063-063DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1220656© Thieme Medical PublishersGet connected:Table of contents  |  Full text (Source: Facial Plastic Surgery) Facial Plastic Surgery journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2391354 Thu, 07 May 2009 13:28:22 +0100 2391354 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2177477&cid=s_36608_9_f&fid=36608&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thieme-connect.com%2FDOI%2FDOI10.1055%2Fs-0028-1112232 This article describes the historical developments of the fields of orthognathic surgery and minimally invasive surgery, as well as the integration of the two disciplines. Indications, techniques, and the most current outcome data for specific minimally invasive orthognathic surgical procedures are presented.[...]© Thieme Medical PublishersGet connected:Table of contents  |  Abstract  |  Full text (Source: Facial Plastic Surgery) Facial Plastic Surgery journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2177477 Wed, 11 Feb 2009 17:08:24 +0100 2177477 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2177476&cid=s_36608_9_f&fid=36608&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thieme-connect.com%2FDOI%2FDOI10.1055%2Fs-0028-1112231 Facial plast Surg 2009; 25: 043-048DOI: 10.1055/s-0028-1112231ABSTRACTFrontal sinus fractures account for 5 to 15% of all maxillofacial injuries. The majority of these fractures are the result of high-velocity injuries such as motor vehicle accidents, assaults, and sporting events. The treatment algorithm for frontal sinus fractures is controversial due to the associated risks of brain injury, meningitis, cerebrospinal fluid fistula, and mucocele formation. However, mild to moderately displaced anterior table fractures carry a relatively low risk of long-term morbidity and are generally treated as aesthetic deformities. Unfortunately, the coronal approach for repair of these injuries is associated with significant sequelae including a large scar, alopecia, paresthesias, and, uncommonly, fa... Facial Plastic Surgery journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2177476 Wed, 11 Feb 2009 17:08:24 +0100 2177476 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2177475&cid=s_36608_9_f&fid=36608&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thieme-connect.com%2FDOI%2FDOI10.1055%2Fs-0028-1112230 This article describes the authors' techniques for performing endoscopic orbital decompression.[...]© Thieme Medical PublishersGet connected:Table of contents  |  Abstract  |  Full text (Source: Facial Plastic Surgery) Facial Plastic Surgery journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2177475 Wed, 11 Feb 2009 17:08:24 +0100 2177475 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2177474&cid=s_36608_9_f&fid=36608&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thieme-connect.com%2FDOI%2FDOI10.1055%2Fs-0028-1112229 Facial plast Surg 2009; 25: 029-037DOI: 10.1055/s-0028-1112229ABSTRACTCerebrospinal fluid (CSF) rhinorrhea is an uncommon but important medical condition. It can result from trauma, intracranial hypertension, or be idiopathic in origin. If left untreated, significant sequelae can result including infectious meningitis. Beta-2 transferrin is a sensitive and specific protein marker for CSF. Various radiographic modalities have been used to localize defects, including computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging, and CT cisternography. In recent years, surgical management of this condition has evolved significantly, primarily being performed endoscopically. Reconstruction can be performed with fat, free mucosal, or fascial grafts, or with vascularized flaps. The endoscopic surgeon sho... Facial Plastic Surgery journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2177474 Wed, 11 Feb 2009 17:08:24 +0100 2177474 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2177473&cid=s_36608_9_f&fid=36608&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thieme-connect.com%2FDOI%2FDOI10.1055%2Fs-0028-1112228 Facial plast Surg 2009; 25: 023-028DOI: 10.1055/s-0028-1112228ABSTRACTThe endoscope-assisted technique for the repair of subcondylar fractures of the mandible has been in use for approximately a decade, and its acceptance continues to grow as more surgeons gain experience. It provides for transoral access to the condylar neck region of the mandible, allowing for repair of fractures in this region with minimal if any facial scarring, while also minimizing the risk of facial nerve injury. The authors describe their technique for performing the transoral, endoscopic-assisted approach for repair of subcondylar fractures and report their experience with 48 endoscopic explorations. No facial nerve injuries were encountered, and the success rate for the technique is reasonable; however, the surge... Facial Plastic Surgery journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2177473 Wed, 11 Feb 2009 17:08:24 +0100 2177473 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2177472&cid=s_36608_9_f&fid=36608&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thieme-connect.com%2FDOI%2FDOI10.1055%2Fs-0028-1112227 This study demonstrated that endoscopic endonasal sinus surgery is a successful technique for reducing medial orbital blowout fractures and does not cause complications. Twenty-three patients with isolated medial blowout fractures that did not involve the inferior wall underwent reduction surgery using the endoscopic endonasal approach. Surgery was indicated if the patient experienced persistent diplopia, ocular motility limitation, or enophthalmos. Septoplasty and submucous resection of the inferior turbinate bone were performed to access the fracture site safely in 3 and 15 patients, respectively. The bone fragments entrapping the orbital content or adhesions between the orbital contents and the sinus mucosa were dissected carefully from the fracture site. An ophthalmologist used the eye... Facial Plastic Surgery journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2177472 Wed, 11 Feb 2009 17:08:24 +0100 2177472 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2177471&cid=s_36608_9_f&fid=36608&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thieme-connect.com%2FDOI%2FDOI10.1055%2Fs-0028-1112226 Facial plast Surg 2009; 25: 008-016DOI: 10.1055/s-0028-1112226ABSTRACTThe management of orbital floor fractures involves several issues. Different surgeons have diverse opinions about who needs surgery and how best to do it. This is especially so with regard to use of transantral diagnostic and therapeutic endoscopic surgery over traditional lower eyelid approaches. Transantral endoscopy provides precise and complete information about the orbital floor fracture and makes possible the repair of these fractures under unobstructed vision at all times, minimizing the risk of implant misplacement and, hence, enophthalmos. Contrary to popular belief, this technique is versatile and is applicable for most cases of primary repair of orbital floor fractures of variable sizes of defect, regardless o... Facial Plastic Surgery journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2177471 Wed, 11 Feb 2009 17:08:24 +0100 2177471 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2177470&cid=s_36608_9_f&fid=36608&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thieme-connect.com%2FDOI%2FDOI10.1055%2Fs-0028-1112225 We present the experience of the Ear, Nose, and Throat Department of Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Curitiba and Hospital Universitário Cajuru PUC-PR in the transnasal endoscopic approach to medial orbital blowout fractures using nasal septum grafts. Seventeen patients have undergone endoscopic repair since June 2005, and septum grafts were used to maintain the orbital contents in position. All 17 patients were treated with this method. Two patients had diplopia on immediate postoperative evaluation. This symptom was corrected with orthoptic exercises in one patient, and the other had a little residual diplopia. Postoperative computed tomography scans showed anatomic reduction in 14 of 17 cases. There were no complications in these surgeries. The transnasal endoscopic approach is a reason... Facial Plastic Surgery journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2177470 Wed, 11 Feb 2009 17:08:24 +0100 2177470 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2177469&cid=s_36608_9_f&fid=36608&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thieme-connect.com%2FDOI%2FDOI10.1055%2Fs-0028-1112224 Facial plast Surg 2009; 25: 001-001DOI: 10.1055/s-0028-1112224© Thieme Medical PublishersGet connected:Table of contents  |  Full text (Source: Facial Plastic Surgery) Facial Plastic Surgery journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2177469 Wed, 11 Feb 2009 02:48:14 +0100 2177469 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1990691&cid=s_36608_9_f&fid=36608&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thieme-connect.com%2FDOI%2FDOI10.1055%2Fs-0028-1102910 Facial plast Surg 2008; 24: 467-471DOI: 10.1055/s-0028-1102910ABSTRACTDistraction osteogenesis is a method of enhancing bony deficiencies of the hypoplastic cleft maxilla. Whether it is the result of inherited growth deficiency or of iatrogenic causes from operative intervention, 20 to 25% of cleft maxilla patients require maxillary advancement. Traditionally, this has been done by standard orthognathic surgery at varying LeFort levels. Predictable results have been achieved with standard techniques in minor to moderate maxillary hypoplasia; however, limited advancement and relapse is common in severe cases. Distraction osteogenesis has improved results in these patients by allowing soft tissue relaxation and gradual bone generation. Therefore, greater movement of the craniofacial skeleton... Facial Plastic Surgery journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1990691 Thu, 27 Nov 2008 10:37:44 +0100 1990691 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1990690&cid=s_36608_9_f&fid=36608&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thieme-connect.com%2FDOI%2FDOI10.1055%2Fs-0028-1102909 Facial plast Surg 2008; 24: 462-466DOI: 10.1055/s-0028-1102909ABSTRACTThe author defines the essential management skills that are unique to building a successful hair restoration surgery team and contrasts these skills with those needed to manage a general cosmetic surgery practice. Strategies for hair technician selection, training, supervision, and management are discussed, emphasizing the management skill areas that are different from those of general medical office or cosmetic surgery practices. Attention is given to the components of a contemporary hair restoration surgery operating suite: size, specialized equipment and tools, and essential support systems.[...]© Thieme Medical PublishersGet connected:Table of contents  |  Abstract  |  Full text (Source: Facial Plastic Surge... Facial Plastic Surgery journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1990690 Thu, 27 Nov 2008 10:37:44 +0100 1990690 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1990689&cid=s_36608_9_f&fid=36608&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thieme-connect.com%2FDOI%2FDOI10.1055%2Fs-0028-1102908 Facial plast Surg 2008; 24: 453-461DOI: 10.1055/s-0028-1102908ABSTRACTHair restoration surgery has emerged as a leading technique for rejuvenation of the upper third of the face. Using contemporary techniques, the results are generally indistinguishable from the appearance of native scalp hair. Unfortunately, older techniques of hair transplantation did not produce this quality result. As a result, there are a considerable number of patients who bear the visual and psychological burden of older hair transplant techniques. In addition, there are regrettably additional patients who have similar unnatural hair transplant results from poorly performed procedures completed in recent time. Understanding the anatomic problems associated with the unnatural-appearing hair transplant is fundamental ... Facial Plastic Surgery journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1990689 Thu, 27 Nov 2008 10:37:44 +0100 1990689 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1990688&cid=s_36608_9_f&fid=36608&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thieme-connect.com%2FDOI%2FDOI10.1055%2Fs-0028-1102907 Facial plast Surg 2008; 24: 446-452DOI: 10.1055/s-0028-1102907ABSTRACTThe face is the second most common area for hair transplantation after the scalp. Areas that are transplanted include eyebrows, eyelashes, moustaches, beards, temples and temporal points, as well as scars either traumatic or the side effect of cosmetic procedures such as rhytidectomies or brow lifts. The hair is harvested from the same area as the hair that is transplanted to the head. For this reason, it grows longer than nongrafted facial hair and must be trimmed regularly. Occasionally, hair lower in the neck region is harvested, which is finer than occipital hair; however, because of movement in the neck area, the scars are often larger. Body hair has been suggested as donor hair but is not recommended because it spe... Facial Plastic Surgery journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1990688 Thu, 27 Nov 2008 10:37:44 +0100 1990688 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1990687&cid=s_36608_9_f&fid=36608&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thieme-connect.com%2FDOI%2FDOI10.1055%2Fs-0028-1102906 Facial plast Surg 2008; 24: 428-445DOI: 10.1055/s-0028-1102906ABSTRACTReconstruction and repair of scalp deformities poses several challenges. The repair and/or removal of the existing defect is often difficult; however, the appearance of the repair is often the most difficult challenge. Thus, an understanding of normal hair morphology, anatomy, and physiology is important to achieve long-lasting, satisfying results. We must anticipate future hair loss, communicate that to the patient, and consider it in surgical planning. In addition, residual effects such as radiation therapy after cancer resection may pose additional challenges. Today, many extraordinary techniques are available that allow creation of natural and almost undetectable hairlines, but these techniques are often unsuitable f... Facial Plastic Surgery journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1990687 Thu, 27 Nov 2008 10:37:44 +0100 1990687 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1990686&cid=s_36608_9_f&fid=36608&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thieme-connect.com%2FDOI%2FDOI10.1055%2Fs-0028-1102905 Facial plast Surg 2008; 24: 414-427DOI: 10.1055/s-0028-1102905ABSTRACTFemale pattern hair loss is devastating to many of the 21 million U.S. women who suffer from it. It is essential to differentiate female pattern hair loss from other types of hair loss to ensure appropriate treatment. Through use of follicular units, follicular families, and follicular pairing between existing hair follicles, natural-looking results can be achieved in women. Hair transplants create the benefit of increasing density and providing options for hair styling and can be combined with medications, devices, and styling aids such as minoxidil, low-level laser therapy, and topical powder makeup, respectively.[...]© Thieme Medical PublishersGet connected:Table of contents  |  Abstract  |  Full text (Source... Facial Plastic Surgery journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1990686 Thu, 27 Nov 2008 10:37:44 +0100 1990686 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1990685&cid=s_36608_9_f&fid=36608&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thieme-connect.com%2FDOI%2FDOI10.1055%2Fs-0028-1102904 This article describes the instrumentation and surgical methodology of FUE. It also presents some surgical difficulties and how to minimize their impact. Indications and patient candidacy are also discussed.[...]© Thieme Medical PublishersGet connected:Table of contents  |  Abstract  |  Full text (Source: Facial Plastic Surgery) Facial Plastic Surgery journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1990685 Thu, 27 Nov 2008 10:37:44 +0100 1990685 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1990684&cid=s_36608_9_f&fid=36608&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thieme-connect.com%2FDOI%2FDOI10.1055%2Fs-0028-1102903 This article attempts to guide the reader through all of the considerations that must be made before settling on the best hairline for a given individual patient. Five essential components to the hairline's design and construction are considered in detail: the height of the hairline, the general contour of the hairline, the intersection of the hairline's lateral arms with the side fringe, creating macrocontouring and microcontouring, and, finally, the direction and angulation of the hairs along the hairline. The pros and cons for using either the hemioval or the flared hairline contours are outlined. The author's strong preference in most patients is the flared design. A step-by-step method for drawing the hairline is given along with several “checks” to be done after the final... Facial Plastic Surgery journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1990684 Thu, 27 Nov 2008 10:37:44 +0100 1990684 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1990683&cid=s_36608_9_f&fid=36608&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thieme-connect.com%2FDOI%2FDOI10.1055%2Fs-0028-1102902 Facial plast Surg 2008; 24: 381-388DOI: 10.1055/s-0028-1102902ABSTRACTFollicular unit transplantation (FUT) is the culmination of decades of refinement and evolution of hair transplantation techniques. Hair naturally grows in groups of one to four individual follicles separated by intervening soft tissue. These clumps or groups of hairs are termed . FUT uses microscopic dissection to separate these units for transplantation in a fashion that most closely resembles naturally occurring hair. FUT has grown to become recognized by many prominent hair restoration surgeons as the state-of-the-art method of hair replacement surgery for both male and female pattern alopecia. Although larger punch grafts, scalp flaps, and alopecia reductions may play a role in certain cases, FUT achieves results th... Facial Plastic Surgery journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1990683 Thu, 27 Nov 2008 10:37:44 +0100 1990683 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1990682&cid=s_36608_9_f&fid=36608&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thieme-connect.com%2FDOI%2FDOI10.1055%2Fs-0028-1102901 Facial plast Surg 2008; 24: 379-379DOI: 10.1055/s-0028-1102901© Thieme Medical PublishersGet connected:Table of contents  |  Full text (Source: Facial Plastic Surgery) Facial Plastic Surgery journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1990682 Thu, 27 Nov 2008 10:37:44 +0100 1990682 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1908738&cid=s_36608_9_f&fid=36608&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thieme-connect.com%2FDOI%2FDOI10.1055%2Fs-0028-1083091 Facial plast Surg 2008; 24: 372-377DOI: 10.1055/s-0028-1083091ABSTRACTRevision rhinoplasty of the Asian nose requires a combination of cultural sensitivity and unique surgical strategies to achieve a successful outcome. Cultural sensitivity means understanding some of the folkloric motivations to undergo rhinoplasty and divergent ethnic standards of beauty. Basic techniques for Asian rhinoplasty are reviewed as a prerequisite knowledge for revision rhinoplasty of the Asian nose, specifically a combination technique of expanded polytetrafluoroethylene for bridge augmentation and autogenous cartilage tip grafting. Revision Asian nose surgery oftentimes involves removal of a previously placed solid silicone implant, which remains the most popular option for augmentation rhinoplasty in Asia. S... Facial Plastic Surgery journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1908738 Mon, 27 Oct 2008 10:30:24 +0100 1908738 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1908737&cid=s_36608_9_f&fid=36608&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thieme-connect.com%2FDOI%2FDOI10.1055%2Fs-0028-1083090 Facial plast Surg 2008; 24: 365-371DOI: 10.1055/s-0028-1083090ABSTRACTThe aims of rhinoplasty reconstruction include maintaining or augmenting long-term tip projection, restoring rigid dorsal stability, and restoring optimum respiratory function. The methods set forth to obtain these objectives are inherently based on the intrinsic nasal principles at the time of the rhinoplasty. Because of the excellent and consistent results autologous costal cartilage grafts provide when faced with problems such as the traumatic saddle deformity, defects after neoplastic resection, congenital nasal deformities, severe tip weakness or underprojection, rhinoplasty in the ethnic patient, and revision rhinoplasty, they are an invaluable resource to the rhinoplasty surgeon. Once the surgeon becomes comfortab... Facial Plastic Surgery journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1908737 Mon, 27 Oct 2008 10:30:24 +0100 1908737 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1908736&cid=s_36608_9_f&fid=36608&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thieme-connect.com%2FDOI%2FDOI10.1055%2Fs-0028-1083089 Facial plast Surg 2008; 24: 358-364DOI: 10.1055/s-0028-1083089ABSTRACTRevision rhinoplasty is an art and a science. Consistent success requires well developed judgment, vision and accumulated knowledge, and experience. For this article the senior author was asked to select five surgical techniques; pearls from his revision practice that warrant highlighting. The authors discuss hump reduction under direct visualization, powered rasp, diagnostic nasal endoscopy and endoscopic septoplasty, computer imaging, and composite grafting.[...]© Thieme Medical PublishersGet connected:Table of contents  |  Abstract  |  Full text (Source: Facial Plastic Surgery) Facial Plastic Surgery journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1908736 Mon, 27 Oct 2008 10:30:24 +0100 1908736 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1908735&cid=s_36608_9_f&fid=36608&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thieme-connect.com%2FDOI%2FDOI10.1055%2Fs-0028-1083088 This article on nasal obstruction after rhinoplasty emphasizes the precise anatomic diagnosis and describes successful methods used to correct the dysfunction.[...]© Thieme Medical PublishersGet connected:Table of contents  |  Abstract  |  Full text (Source: Facial Plastic Surgery) Facial Plastic Surgery journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1908735 Mon, 27 Oct 2008 10:30:24 +0100 1908735 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1908734&cid=s_36608_9_f&fid=36608&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thieme-connect.com%2FDOI%2FDOI10.1055%2Fs-0028-1083087 This article outlines the anatomy of the middle third of the nose, the conditions that cause secondary middle-third problems, and the surgical management of these deformities.[...]© Thieme Medical PublishersGet connected:Table of contents  |  Abstract  |  Full text (Source: Facial Plastic Surgery) Facial Plastic Surgery journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1908734 Mon, 27 Oct 2008 10:30:24 +0100 1908734 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1908733&cid=s_36608_9_f&fid=36608&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thieme-connect.com%2FDOI%2FDOI10.1055%2Fs-0028-1083086 Facial plast Surg 2008; 24: 327-338DOI: 10.1055/s-0028-1083086ABSTRACTRevision rhinoplasty is probably one of the most difficult procedures performed in facial plastic surgery. Many of these postsurgical deformities are found in the nasal dorsum. These changes are usually the result of inadequate or overzealous resections as well as inadequate healing. A review of the most common dorsal abnormalities encountered and how they can be corrected is presented. Most of these patients are operated on through the open approach, and treatment is multifactorial. Osteotomy and rasp techniques are used to realign; cartilage grafts are used to fill in, camouflage, and smooth out; and in severe cases implants are used to fill in large defects. Finally, a discussion on the different alternatives for the ... Facial Plastic Surgery journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1908733 Mon, 27 Oct 2008 10:30:24 +0100 1908733 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1908732&cid=s_36608_9_f&fid=36608&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thieme-connect.com%2FDOI%2FDOI10.1055%2Fs-0028-1083085 Facial plast Surg 2008; 24: 310-326DOI: 10.1055/s-0028-1083085ABSTRACTThe short nose is a complex and frustrating problem that many rhinoplasty surgeons face in their practice. It can be seen in both the hereditary nasal deformity patient as well as in patients having undergone previous nasal surgery. In the revision rhinoplasty patient, the short nose can result from overresection of the nasal dorsum, a deficiency in the middle third causing a saddle nose and tip retraction, and from structural loss in the lobule. Several methods have been described regarding the treatment of this deformity. They range from simple tip grafting in the mildly affected patient to complete nasal reconstruction in the patient with severe structural loss and skin retraction. We will discuss the anatomy of the s... Facial Plastic Surgery journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1908732 Mon, 27 Oct 2008 10:30:24 +0100 1908732 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1908731&cid=s_36608_9_f&fid=36608&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thieme-connect.com%2FDOI%2FDOI10.1055%2Fs-0028-1083084 This article reviews several of the common unfavorable sequelae of rhinoplasty and suggests endonasal approaches to their correction.[...]© Thieme Medical PublishersGet connected:Table of contents  |  Abstract  |  Full text (Source: Facial Plastic Surgery) Facial Plastic Surgery journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1908731 Mon, 27 Oct 2008 10:30:24 +0100 1908731 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1908730&cid=s_36608_9_f&fid=36608&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thieme-connect.com%2FDOI%2FDOI10.1055%2Fs-0028-1083083 This article attempts to provide the reader with a better understanding of the complex interplay of these issues and with this understanding help the reader to distinguish one who is a favorable surgical candidate from one who is best left unrevised.[...]© Thieme Medical PublishersGet connected:Table of contents  |  Abstract  |  Full text (Source: Facial Plastic Surgery) Facial Plastic Surgery journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1908730 Mon, 27 Oct 2008 10:30:24 +0100 1908730 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1908729&cid=s_36608_9_f&fid=36608&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thieme-connect.com%2FDOI%2FDOI10.1055%2Fs-0028-1083082 This article provides an overview of assessment, planning, and correction of deformities in revision rhinoplasty surgery. Common deformities are described with tips for preventing such postoperative problems, and corrective strategies are suggested. Assessment remains the key to successful rhinoplasty surgery, and its importance in revision operations is emphasized. The external approach is preferred for complex revision surgery due to its unparalleled exposure of the underlying anatomy, but closed approaches are still used for dorsal correction or minor tip deformities. The use of and options for graft material in reconstruction are detailed.[...]© Thieme Medical PublishersGet connected:Table of contents  |  Abstract  |  Full text (Source: Facial Plastic Surgery) Facial Plastic Surgery journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1908729 Mon, 27 Oct 2008 10:30:24 +0100 1908729 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1908728&cid=s_36608_9_f&fid=36608&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thieme-connect.com%2FDOI%2FDOI10.1055%2Fs-0028-1083081 Facial plast Surg 2008; 24: 269-269DOI: 10.1055/s-0028-1083081© Thieme Medical PublishersGet connected:Table of contents  |  Full text (Source: Facial Plastic Surgery) Facial Plastic Surgery journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1908728 Mon, 27 Oct 2008 08:07:23 +0100 1908728 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1432404&cid=s_36608_9_f&fid=36608&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thieme-connect.com%2FDOI%2FDOI10.1055%2Fs-2008-1075842 This article will discuss current research areas with respect to assessment and management of the facial nerve patient, as well as future surgical outcomes. We will also present the state of both clinical research and contemporary basic science issues relevant to facial nerve disorders.[...]© Thieme Medical PublishersGet connected:Table of contents  |  Abstract  |  Full text (Source: Facial Plastic Surgery) Facial Plastic Surgery journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1432404 Sat, 10 May 2008 00:08:26 +0100 1432404 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1432403&cid=s_36608_9_f&fid=36608&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thieme-connect.com%2FDOI%2FDOI10.1055%2Fs-2008-1075841 Facial plast Surg 2008; 24: 250-259DOI: 10.1055/s-2008-1075841ABSTRACTIndividuals with facial paralysis and distorted facial expressions and movements secondary to a facial neuromotor disorder experience substantial physical, psychological, and social disability. Previously, facial rehabilitation has not been widely available or considered to be of much benefit. An emerging rehabilitation science of neuromuscular reeducation and evidence for the efficacy of facial neuromuscular reeducation, a process of facilitating the return of intended facial movement patterns and eliminating unwanted patterns of facial movement and expression, may provide patients with disorders of facial paralysis or facial movement control opportunity for the recovery of facial movement and function. We provide a bri... Facial Plastic Surgery journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1432403 Sat, 10 May 2008 00:08:26 +0100 1432403 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1432402&cid=s_36608_9_f&fid=36608&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thieme-connect.com%2FDOI%2FDOI10.1055%2Fs-2008-1075840 Facial plast Surg 2008; 24: 242-249DOI: 10.1055/s-2008-1075840ABSTRACTFacial synkinesis is one of the most distressing consequences of facial paralysis. Synkinesis refers to the abnormal involuntary facial movement that occurs with voluntary movement of a different facial muscle group. The pathophysiologic basis of facial synkinesis is likely multifactorial although the predominant mechanism appears to be aberrant regeneration of facial nerve fibers to the facial muscle groups after facial nerve injury. Patients experience hypertonic contractures and synkinetic movements such as eye closure with volitional movement of the mouth or midfacial movement during volitional or reflexive eye closure. Synkinesis can cause functional limitation with activities such as eating, drinking, smiling, and ... Facial Plastic Surgery journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1432402 Sat, 10 May 2008 00:08:26 +0100 1432402 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1432401&cid=s_36608_9_f&fid=36608&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thieme-connect.com%2FDOI%2FDOI10.1055%2Fs-2008-1075839 This article presents a structural approach to the evaluation and treatment of lower eyelid paralysis and describes the surgical procedures designed to correct the three-dimensional anatomic abnormalities underlying this disorder. These procedures are frequently performed in conjunction with upper lid procedures that are described in a previous article by Bergeron and Moe in this issue of the journal.[...]© Thieme Medical PublishersGet connected:Table of contents  |  Abstract  |  Full text (Source: Facial Plastic Surgery) Facial Plastic Surgery journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1432401 Sat, 10 May 2008 00:08:26 +0100 1432401 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1432400&cid=s_36608_9_f&fid=36608&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thieme-connect.com%2FDOI%2FDOI10.1055%2Fs-2008-1075838 Facial plast Surg 2008; 24: 220-230DOI: 10.1055/s-2008-1075838ABSTRACTPatients with upper lid paralysis suffer from a loss of the blink reflex/response in the affected eye, leaving the eye vulnerable to a host of predatory insults. Partial or total impairment of the orbicularis oculi muscle, lagophthalmos, disruption of the lacrimal apparatus, upper lid retraction, and the unopposed pull of gravity on the surrounding paralyzed tissues all contribute to increased corneal exposure and an increased risk of exposure keratitis. Management of the upper lid in these patients must therefore focus on restoration of the effects of the blink reflex/response and prevention of corneal exposure. Relevant anatomy and pathophysiology are discussed. The initial treatment is supportive, with surgery reserve... Facial Plastic Surgery journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1432400 Sat, 10 May 2008 00:08:26 +0100 1432400 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1432399&cid=s_36608_9_f&fid=36608&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thieme-connect.com%2FDOI%2FDOI10.1055%2Fs-2008-1075837 Facial plast Surg 2008; 24: 216-219DOI: 10.1055/s-2008-1075837ABSTRACTManagement of the brow remains a challenging, important, and gratifying area in the care of facial paralysis patients. Aged facial paralysis patients generally require surgical management of brow ptosis. Young facial paralysis patients occasionally require surgical management of brow ptosis. Indications for surgical management, treatment options, and surgical approach are discussed. Consideration of factors such as age, forehead furrows, skin type, duration of paralysis, and degree of visual impairment are discussed in the context of treatment planning.[...]© Thieme Medical PublishersGet connected:Table of contents  |  Abstract  |  Full text (Source: Facial Plastic Surgery) Facial Plastic Surgery journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1432399 Sat, 10 May 2008 00:08:26 +0100 1432399 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1432398&cid=s_36608_9_f&fid=36608&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thieme-connect.com%2FDOI%2FDOI10.1055%2Fs-2008-1075836 This article describes and contrasts each of these techniques.[...]© Thieme Medical PublishersGet connected:Table of contents  |  Abstract  |  Full text (Source: Facial Plastic Surgery) Facial Plastic Surgery journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1432398 Sat, 10 May 2008 00:08:26 +0100 1432398 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1432397&cid=s_36608_9_f&fid=36608&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thieme-connect.com%2FDOI%2FDOI10.1055%2Fs-2008-1075835 Facial plast Surg 2008; 24: 204-210DOI: 10.1055/s-2008-1075835ABSTRACTDynamic muscle transfers offer the hope of improved facial support and symmetry, with volitional movement. These are most commonly employed for reanimation of the oral commissure to produce a smile. In addition, muscle transfers have been used successfully to reestablish eye closure. Facial paralysis of long-standing duration presents challenges quite distinct from paralysis that is managed early after onset. It is in this situation, most commonly, that dynamic muscle transfers are used. In this respect, the alternative is free tissue transfer. Each of these two options have advantages and disadvantages.[...]© Thieme Medical PublishersGet connected:Table of contents  |  Abstract  |  Full text (Source: Facial Pla... Facial Plastic Surgery journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1432397 Sat, 10 May 2008 00:08:26 +0100 1432397 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1432396&cid=s_36608_9_f&fid=36608&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thieme-connect.com%2FDOI%2FDOI10.1055%2Fs-2008-1075834 Facial plast Surg 2008; 24: 194-203DOI: 10.1055/s-2008-1075834ABSTRACTLong-standing facial paralysis requires the introduction of viable, innervated dynamic muscle to restore facial movement. The options include regional muscle transfer and microvascular free tissue transfer. There are advantages and disadvantages of each. Briefly, the regional muscle transfer procedures are reliable and provide immediate return of movement. However, the movement is not of a spontaneous mimetic nature. Free tissue transfer, in contrast, offers the possibility of synchronous, mimetic movement. It does, however, require a prolonged healing time in comparison with that of regional muscle transfer. The choice is made by physician and patient together, taking into account their preferences and biases. Muscle-al... Facial Plastic Surgery journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1432396 Sat, 10 May 2008 00:08:26 +0100 1432396 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1432395&cid=s_36608_9_f&fid=36608&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thieme-connect.com%2FDOI%2FDOI10.1055%2Fs-2008-1075833 Facial plast Surg 2008; 24: 177-193DOI: 10.1055/s-2008-1075833ABSTRACTThe facial paralysis patient suffers serious functional, cosmetic, and psychological problems with impaired ability to communicate. Despite the advances of recent years and the number of new techniques proposed in the literature, facial reanimation remains a challenge for the reconstructive surgeon. With the advent of microsurgery, reanimation of the paralyzed face took a major leap forward with the use of cross facial nerve grafts, nerve transfers, and free muscle transplantation. Today, nerve transfers represent the backbone of facial reanimation, especially in cases where reconstruction of the affected facial nerve is not feasible. The suitability of each nerve transfer is related to the type of facial palsy, time ela... Facial Plastic Surgery journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1432395 Sat, 10 May 2008 00:08:26 +0100 1432395 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1432394&cid=s_36608_9_f&fid=36608&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thieme-connect.com%2FDOI%2FDOI10.1055%2Fs-2008-1075832 Facial plast Surg 2008; 24: 170-176DOI: 10.1055/s-2008-1075832ABSTRACTFacial nerve injury and facial paralysis are devastating for patients. Although imperfect, primary repair is currently the best option to restore facial nerve function. Cable, or interposition, nerve grafting is an acceptable alternative when primary repair is not possible. Several donor nerves are at the surgeon's disposal. Great auricular, sural, or medial and lateral antebrachial cutaneous nerves are all easily obtained. Both primary repair and interposition grafting typically result in better facial function than do other dynamic and static rehabilitation strategies. Proficient anastomotic technique and, when necessary, selection of an appropriate interposition graft will optimize patient outcomes. Promising research... Facial Plastic Surgery journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1432394 Sat, 10 May 2008 00:08:26 +0100 1432394 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1432393&cid=s_36608_9_f&fid=36608&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thieme-connect.com%2FDOI%2FDOI10.1055%2Fs-2008-1075831 Facial plast Surg 2008; 24: 164-169DOI: 10.1055/s-2008-1075831ABSTRACTFacial nerve paralysis and its sequelae are devastating to patients. For the reconstructive surgeon, the management of the patient with facial paralysis is challenging. There is a lack of consensus regarding the initial management. Then, there is the dizzying array of treatment options for each patient, including nonoperative observation, nerve transfers, static slings, dynamic muscle transfers, and chemodenervation. The appropriate timing of any intervention is often not clear. In this article, we will briefly outline some important considerations for the facial plastic surgeon in the management of facial paralysis. This includes the relevant anatomy and the initial evaluation. An overview of treatment options, with sug... Facial Plastic Surgery journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1432393 Sat, 10 May 2008 00:08:26 +0100 1432393 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1432392&cid=s_36608_9_f&fid=36608&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thieme-connect.com%2FDOI%2FDOI10.1055%2Fs-2008-1075830 This article reviews the more common causes of facial paralysis and discusses relevant early treatment strategies.[...]© Thieme Medical PublishersGet connected:Table of contents  |  Abstract  |  Full text (Source: Facial Plastic Surgery) Facial Plastic Surgery journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1432392 Sat, 10 May 2008 00:08:26 +0100 1432392 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1432391&cid=s_36608_9_f&fid=36608&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thieme-connect.com%2FDOI%2FDOI10.1055%2Fs-2008-1075829 Facial plast Surg 2008; 24: 153-153DOI: 10.1055/s-2008-1075829© Thieme Medical PublishersGet connected:Table of contents  |  Full text (Source: Facial Plastic Surgery) Facial Plastic Surgery journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1432391 Sat, 10 May 2008 00:08:26 +0100 1432391 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1246603&cid=s_36608_9_f&fid=36608&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thieme-connect.com%2FDOI%2FDOI10.1055%2Fs-2008-1037456 Facial plast Surg 2008; 24: 146-151DOI: 10.1055/s-2008-1037456ABSTRACTMastery of the anatomy and embryology of the normal and cleft upper lip, primary palate, and secondary palate is an essential foundation for grasping techniques in aesthetic reconstruction of cleft lip defects. The surgical goals in repairing cleft lip deformities are to address the deficiencies of the cleft lip defect, restore static and dynamic anatomy, reshape the cleft nasal deformity, and leave a natural-appearing scar that mimics the contours of the philtral components. An additional goal is to improve skeletal alignment and retention of teeth in the vicinity of the alveolar cleft. There are advantages and disadvantages inherit in all repair techniques. However, there are principles that can be universally applied ... Facial Plastic Surgery journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1246603 Thu, 21 Feb 2008 08:54:40 +0100 1246603 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1246602&cid=s_36608_9_f&fid=36608&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thieme-connect.com%2FDOI%2FDOI10.1055%2Fs-2008-1037455 Facial plast Surg 2008; 24: 135-145DOI: 10.1055/s-2008-1037455ABSTRACTThe search for a universal reconstructive material and the application of a routine approach leaves the surgeon limited in cranial reconstruction. Facility with a variety of implant materials and approaches helps optimize surgical management. The variability of surgical defects and challenges in cranial reconstruction highlights the importance of a strategic approach to evaluate both the defect and the clinical circumstance. Among the numerous alloplastic materials available, the utility of titanium mesh, hydroxyapatite cement, and prefabricated custom acrylic implants have remained at the forefront. The onus of responsibility remains on the surgeon to evaluate each clinical scenario and select the optimal course for man... Facial Plastic Surgery journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1246602 Thu, 21 Feb 2008 08:54:40 +0100 1246602 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1246601&cid=s_36608_9_f&fid=36608&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thieme-connect.com%2FDOI%2FDOI10.1055%2Fs-2008-1037454 Facial plast Surg 2008; 24: 129-134DOI: 10.1055/s-2008-1037454ABSTRACTThe most innovative and meaningful recent advances regarding surgery of the cranial base involve the ability to perform a complete resection followed by a water- and airtight reconstruction while minimizing facial incisions and morbidity. Perhaps the first step in this direction took place when the subcranial/subfrontal approach was introduced for anterior skull base surgery. Originally developed by Raveh in 1978 for the management of severe skull base injuries, these approaches were later adapted for the treatment of congenital anomalies prior to their utilization for resection of anterior skull base tumors. The endoscopic approaches are quite practical with promising long-term efficacy for the treatment of most benign,... Facial Plastic Surgery journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1246601 Thu, 21 Feb 2008 08:54:40 +0100 1246601 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1246600&cid=s_36608_9_f&fid=36608&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thieme-connect.com%2FDOI%2FDOI10.1055%2Fs-2008-1037453 Facial plast Surg 2008; 24: 120-128DOI: 10.1055/s-2008-1037453ABSTRACTThe complex architecture of the auricle makes it one of the most challenging structures for the reconstructive surgeon to re-create. Overlying the ear’s unique cartilage framework are layers of varied soft tissues forming a three-dimensional organ, which is distinctively positioned on the head. Arguably, the most challenging auricle to reconstruct is third-degree microtia due to a near-total absence of native tissue and a need for lifelong durability of the reconstruction. Many methods of reconstruction have been studied; autogenous costal cartilage reconstruction has been one of the more traditional methods, with favorable long-term results reported by several surgeons. However, this technique requires tremendous ... Facial Plastic Surgery journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1246600 Thu, 21 Feb 2008 08:54:40 +0100 1246600 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1246599&cid=s_36608_9_f&fid=36608&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thieme-connect.com%2FDOI%2FDOI10.1055%2Fs-2007-1021893 Facial plast Surg 2008; 24: 105-119DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-1021893ABSTRACTReconstruction of small and medium-sized defects of the nose poses a challenge to the facial plastic surgeon. Flaps for small to medium-sized defects most often are closed in single-staged procedures as opposed to larger-sized defects. A variety of techniques can be used including secondary intention, primary closure, full-thickness skin grafts, composite grafts, rhomboid flaps, bilobe flaps, dorsal nasal flaps, island flaps, and inferiorly based meliolabial flaps.[...]© Thieme Medical PublishersGet connected:Table of contents  |  Abstract  |  Full text (Source: Facial Plastic Surgery) Facial Plastic Surgery journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1246599 Thu, 21 Feb 2008 08:54:40 +0100 1246599 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1246598&cid=s_36608_9_f&fid=36608&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thieme-connect.com%2FDOI%2FDOI10.1055%2Fs-2007-1021892 Facial plast Surg 2008; 24: 092-104DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-1021892ABSTRACTThe lips have both aesthetic and functional features that serve to provide recognizable individualized beauty, emotional cues, sensual interactions, speech abilities, and oral continence for nutrition. Lip distortion or loss occurring from trauma or neoplasms can have devastating cosmetic and form deficits with resultant psychological, physical, and nutritional detriments. Appropriate reconstruction of the lips requires a balance between form, function, and aesthetics. Conservation of tissue when feasible should be the overall goal followed by exhausting and maximizing on all adjacent local tissue advancements, rotations, and transposition options. Tissue preservation as the first line of lip reconstruction will achieve ... Facial Plastic Surgery journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1246598 Thu, 21 Feb 2008 08:54:40 +0100 1246598 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1246597&cid=s_36608_9_f&fid=36608&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thieme-connect.com%2FDOI%2FDOI10.1055%2Fs-2008-1037452 Facial plast Surg 2008; 24: 078-091DOI: 10.1055/s-2008-1037452ABSTRACTThe application of endoscopic surgical techniques to the treatment of craniomaxillofacial fractures not only has decreased the morbidity associated with the surgical approaches but has significantly altered the treatment philosophy for many types of fracture. Frontal sinus fractures, orbital floor fractures, zygomatic arch fractures, and subcondylar mandible fractures are the most notable examples where endoscopic techniques have found acceptance.[...]© Thieme Medical PublishersGet connected:Table of contents  |  Abstract  |  Full text (Source: Facial Plastic Surgery) Facial Plastic Surgery journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1246597 Thu, 21 Feb 2008 08:54:40 +0100 1246597 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1246596&cid=s_36608_9_f&fid=36608&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thieme-connect.com%2FDOI%2FDOI10.1055%2Fs-2007-1021891 Facial plast Surg 2008; 24: 069-077DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-1021891ABSTRACTMajor head and neck resections may result in ocular defects that are functionally and/or aesthetically incapacitating. Restoration of the eyelid and orbit must address lateral canthal laxity, midface ptosis, eyelid retraction and ptosis, globe malposition, and dysfunctional lacrimal drainage. Here we discuss lateral canthal reconstruction, midface-lifting, eyelid spacer grafts, gold weight placement, surgical approaches to the orbit, free flap options for orbital reconstruction, and endoscopic lacrimal surgery. Successful outcomes in eyelid and orbital reconstruction depend upon proper knowledge, planning, and multidisciplinary management.[...]© Thieme Medical PublishersGet connected:Table of contents  |  Abstract ... Facial Plastic Surgery journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1246596 Thu, 21 Feb 2008 08:54:40 +0100 1246596 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1246595&cid=s_36608_9_f&fid=36608&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thieme-connect.com%2FDOI%2FDOI10.1055%2Fs-2007-1021890 This article describes several options available in the postoperative setting to improve the appearance of transferred skin paddles. Regional tissue rearrangement with the submental and posterior scalping flaps is discussed in detail.[...]© Thieme Medical PublishersGet connected:Table of contents  |  Abstract  |  Full text (Source: Facial Plastic Surgery) Facial Plastic Surgery journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1246595 Thu, 21 Feb 2008 08:54:40 +0100 1246595 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1246594&cid=s_36608_9_f&fid=36608&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thieme-connect.com%2FDOI%2FDOI10.1055%2Fs-2008-1037451 Facial plast Surg 2008; 24: 050-064DOI: 10.1055/s-2008-1037451AbstractPast descriptions of vascular lesions often confused vascular malformations and hemangiomas using interchangeable definitions which led to inappropriate treatment and inconsistency in the medical literature. The work of Mulliken and Glowacki systematically delineated the difference between hemangiomas and the multiple varieties of vascular malformations. Hemangiomas are in fact as the suffix “oma” suggests true tumors exhibiting cellular proliferation on histology. Additionally, treatment has been clouded by numerous reports in the literature of near universal complete spontaneous resolution and conversely arguments that every lesion demands treatment. More recently, thoughtful studies of the natural course o... Facial Plastic Surgery journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1246594 Thu, 21 Feb 2008 08:54:40 +0100 1246594 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1246593&cid=s_36608_9_f&fid=36608&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thieme-connect.com%2FDOI%2FDOI10.1055%2Fs-2008-1037450 Facial plast Surg 2008; 24: 043-049DOI: 10.1055/s-2008-1037450ABSTRACTFacial Nerve (FN) paralysis and its morbidities can result from a wide variety of etiologies. Several novel surgical procedure methods for remediation of FN paralysis problems, using Incisionless technique are presented. The procedures are minimally-invasive and well-tolerated by patients. The Incisionless procedures achieve basic resuspension of the major orbital and oral morbidities associated with FN paralysis.[...]© Thieme Medical PublishersGet connected:Table of contents  |  Abstract  |  Full text (Source: Facial Plastic Surgery) Facial Plastic Surgery journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1246593 Thu, 21 Feb 2008 08:54:40 +0100 1246593 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1246592&cid=s_36608_9_f&fid=36608&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thieme-connect.com%2FDOI%2FDOI10.1055%2Fs-2007-1021460 Facial plast Surg 2008; 24: 035-042DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-1021460ABSTRACTAs free tissue transfer methods have improved, vascular bone grafting has become state of the art for reconstruction of mandibular defects. Prior studies have focused on flap survival and functional outcomes. The reconstructive surgeon should also strive to attain lofty aesthetic goals for this group of patients. The best results are achieved when patient factors, flap selection, treatment planning, and surgical techniques are all considered and properly selected.[...]© Thieme Medical PublishersGet connected:Table of contents  |  Abstract  |  Full text (Source: Facial Plastic Surgery) Facial Plastic Surgery journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1246592 Thu, 21 Feb 2008 08:54:40 +0100 1246592 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1246591&cid=s_36608_9_f&fid=36608&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thieme-connect.com%2FDOI%2FDOI10.1055%2Fs-2007-1021459 Facial plast Surg 2008; 24: 022-034DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-1021459ABSTRACTPatients with complex defects of the frontal and orbital regions present a myriad of problems for the reconstructive surgeon. In this review, options that allow state-of-the-art reconstruction using computer-assisted implants will be illustrated. The advantages of such implants created with computer assistance will be reviewed as well as indications for their use.[...]© Thieme Medical PublishersGet connected:Table of contents  |  Abstract  |  Full text (Source: Facial Plastic Surgery) Facial Plastic Surgery journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1246591 Thu, 21 Feb 2008 08:54:40 +0100 1246591 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1246590&cid=s_36608_9_f&fid=36608&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thieme-connect.com%2FDOI%2FDOI10.1055%2Fs-2007-1021458 This article reviews common methods of reconstructive surgery in patients with wounds that involve the scalp, including primary wound repair, healing by secondary intention, and the use of skin grafts, local tissue flaps, regional myocutaneous flaps, and microvascular free flaps. Special attention is paid toward consideration of aspects of the reconstruction that affect the aesthetic outcome, including preservation of the hairline and hair follicle orientation, scar camouflage, avoidance of alopecia, and secondary restoration of alopecia.[...]© Thieme Medical PublishersGet connected:Table of contents  |  Abstract  |  Full text (Source: Facial Plastic Surgery) Facial Plastic Surgery journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1246590 Thu, 21 Feb 2008 08:54:40 +0100 1246590 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1246589&cid=s_36608_9_f&fid=36608&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thieme-connect.com%2FDOI%2FDOI10.1055%2Fs-2007-1021457 This article presents a review of the historical significance of nasal injuries in antiquity and the various technical developments along the path to modern nasal reconstruction, from ancient India through medieval Europe to modern England and America. Although written texts from 6th-century India through 16th-century Europe described pedicle flap repair of nasal defects, it was not until the late 18th century that the first written description of the forehead flap appeared. Forehead flap repair developed on an alternate pathway, being transmitted via an oral tradition, typically within families of craftsmen, at least as early as the 14th century. These ancient authors recognized the need for accurate flap design and sizing, donor site repair, precise tissue apposition, protection of the f... Facial Plastic Surgery journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1246589 Thu, 21 Feb 2008 08:54:40 +0100 1246589 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1246588&cid=s_36608_9_f&fid=36608&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thieme-connect.com%2FDOI%2FDOI10.1055%2Fs-2007-1021456 Facial plast Surg 2008; 24: 001-001DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-1021456© Thieme Medical PublishersGet connected:Table of contents  |  Full text (Source: Facial Plastic Surgery) Facial Plastic Surgery journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1246588 Thu, 21 Feb 2008 01:01:47 +0100 1246588 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1103444&cid=s_36608_9_f&fid=36608&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thieme-connect.com%2FDOI%2FDOI10.1055%2Fs-2007-1019144 Facial plast Surg 2007; 23: A-1-A-1DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-1019144© Thieme Medical PublishersGet connected:Table of contents  |  Full text (Source: Facial Plastic Surgery) Facial Plastic Surgery journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1103444 Wed, 19 Dec 2007 02:00:47 +0100 1103444 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1103443&cid=s_36608_9_f&fid=36608&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thieme-connect.com%2FDOI%2FDOI10.1055%2Fs-2007-995818 Facial plast Surg 2007; 23: 259-266DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-995818ABSTRACTSeptorhinoplasty in children carries the risk of growth disturbance of the nose and premaxilla. The open or external approach has the advantage that the cartilaginous nasal skeleton remains intact. This open approach enables the surgeon to excise dermoid cysts and to realign lower lateral cartilages (unilateral cleft) without disturbing the integrity of the cartilaginous skeleton. In our experience, absolute indications for open rhinoplasty in children include dermoid cyst, cleft lip nose, and septal abscess. Relative indications include septal deviations causing severe nasal airway obstruction and or progressive distortion of the nose. In this article, we discuss the indications, advantages, disadvantages, and operative ... Facial Plastic Surgery journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1103443 Wed, 19 Dec 2007 02:00:47 +0100 1103443 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1103442&cid=s_36608_9_f&fid=36608&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thieme-connect.com%2FDOI%2FDOI10.1055%2Fs-2007-995817 This article presents our experience with septorhinoplasty in children over the last two decades in an academic setting. We have retrospectively studied the pediatric patients who underwent septorhinoplasty at the Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam, Netherlands. There were 106 children aged between 3 and 19 years who underwent nasal surgery between February 1994 and August of 2007. Sixty-six of these were boys and 40 were girls. Their follow-up ranged from 12 to 157 months with a mean follow-up period of 53 months. Eighteen patients underwent revision surgery. The clinical circumstances, indications for surgery, extent of surgical interference, and outcome in 106 patients are discussed. Importantly, the patients in this series have been followed for variable periods after puberty and adole... Facial Plastic Surgery journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1103442 Wed, 19 Dec 2007 02:00:47 +0100 1103442 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1103441&cid=s_36608_9_f&fid=36608&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thieme-connect.com%2FDOI%2FDOI10.1055%2Fs-2007-995816 Facial plast Surg 2007; 23: 239-243DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-995816ABSTRACTThe cartilaginous part of the nasal septum of a child with a septal hematoma or abscess is at risk of destruction. Consequently, the noses of these children can collapse, causing a saddle nose deformity, and in time, the normal outgrowth of both the nose and maxilla will be disturbed. In adulthood, they will have an underdeveloped saddle nose deformity with too much upward rotation of the nasal tip and a retroposition of the midface. Sequelae like these should be prevented by prompt diagnosis and surgical intervention. In this article, the management of septal hematomas and abscesses is discussed with special focus on reconstruction of destructed septal cartilage with the use of autologous cartilage grafts fixed to a poly... Facial Plastic Surgery journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1103441 Wed, 19 Dec 2007 02:00:47 +0100 1103441 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1103440&cid=s_36608_9_f&fid=36608&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thieme-connect.com%2FDOI%2FDOI10.1055%2Fs-2007-995815 Facial plast Surg 2007; 23: 231-237DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-995815ABSTRACTOne remaining problem of nose surgery is surgical correction of a prepubertal distortion of the septum. Unfortunately, the growing cartilage reacts differently upon a surgical intervention; in most cases this might cause iatrogenic disturbance of the development. Our clinical and histological studies with polydioxanone (PDS) foil in septal reconstruction showed that the PDS foil successfully prevented postoperative sequelae like dislocation of the reimplanted cartilage fragments and recurrent deviation caused by overlapping of the cartilage borders. Furthermore, it seemed to stimulate cartilage regeneration. The question occurs whether the same effect can be expected if growing septal cartilage is supported by the PDS foi... Facial Plastic Surgery journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1103440 Wed, 19 Dec 2007 02:00:47 +0100 1103440 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1103439&cid=s_36608_9_f&fid=36608&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thieme-connect.com%2FDOI%2FDOI10.1055%2Fs-2007-995814 Facial plast Surg 2007; 23: 219-230DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-995814ABSTRACTIn newborns, the main supporting structure of the nose is the dorsoseptal cartilage, a T-bar-formed complex of septum and upper lateral cartilages, which is essentially an external extension of the cartilage of the anterior cranial base. Later the anatomic situation gradually changes-a potential pitfall for surgeons and radiologists. The vulnerability of various processes underlying postnatal development of the facial skeleton is discussed. The cartilaginous septum is the dominant growth center. Loss of septal cartilage at different ages leads to different facial syndromes involving nose, maxilla, and orbita. The septal cartilage in children demonstrates thinner fracture-prone areas next to thicker growth zones. Septum fr... Facial Plastic Surgery journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1103439 Wed, 19 Dec 2007 02:00:47 +0100 1103439 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1103438&cid=s_36608_9_f&fid=36608&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thieme-connect.com%2FDOI%2FDOI10.1055%2Fs-2007-995813 Facial plast Surg 2007; 23: 217-217DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-995813© Thieme Medical PublishersGet connected:Table of contents  |  Full text (Source: Facial Plastic Surgery) Facial Plastic Surgery journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1103438 Wed, 19 Dec 2007 02:00:47 +0100 1103438 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=966909&cid=s_36608_9_f&fid=36608&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thieme-connect.com%2FDOI%2FDOI10.1055%2Fs-2007-979283 We present our method of direct gingivoperiosteoplasty performed simultaneously with palatoplasty after alveolar cleft narrowing without presurgical orthopedics via a two-stage lip repair. Preliminary data suggest bone growth capable of supporting tooth eruption without significant growth disturbances in a majority of patients treated with this protocol.[...]Copyright © 2007 by Thieme Medical Publishers, Inc., 333 Seventh Avenue, New York, NY 10001, USA.Get connected:Table of contents  |  Abstract  |  Full text (Source: Facial Plastic Surgery) Facial Plastic Surgery journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=966909 Mon, 22 Oct 2007 00:34:38 +0100 966909 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=966908&cid=s_36608_9_f&fid=36608&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thieme-connect.com%2FDOI%2FDOI10.1055%2Fs-2007-979282 We present our protocol for evaluation of velopharyngeal function with a focus on indications for palatoplasty and pharyngoplasty. We also discuss surgical modifications of sphincter pharyngoplasty.[...]Copyright © 2007 by Thieme Medical Publishers, Inc., 333 Seventh Avenue, New York, NY 10001, USA.Get connected:Table of contents  |  Abstract  |  Full text (Source: Facial Plastic Surgery) Facial Plastic Surgery journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=966908 Mon, 22 Oct 2007 00:34:38 +0100 966908 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=966907&cid=s_36608_9_f&fid=36608&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thieme-connect.com%2FDOI%2FDOI10.1055%2Fs-2007-979281 Facial plast Surg 2007; 23: 123-127DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-979281ABSTRACTSecondary rhinoplasty in the unilateral cleft nose represents one of the most difficult problems in rhinoplasty surgery. The sliding cheilorhinoplasty operation is a procedure that aids the correction of the deformed cleft nose. This technique is presented in detail, with operative examples.[...]Copyright © 2007 by Thieme Medical Publishers, Inc., 333 Seventh Avenue, New York, NY 10001, USA.Get connected:Table of contents  |  Abstract  |  Full text (Source: Facial Plastic Surgery) Facial Plastic Surgery journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=966907 Mon, 22 Oct 2007 00:34:38 +0100 966907 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=966906&cid=s_36608_9_f&fid=36608&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thieme-connect.com%2FDOI%2FDOI10.1055%2Fs-2007-979280 Facial plast Surg 2007; 23: 113-122DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-979280ABSTRACTContinued advancement in the comprehensive care of children with cleft lip and palate has resulted in numerous innovative treatment protocols. The cooperation of numerous specialties has continued to expand the options for difficult cases. A high standard for aesthetic and functional results has been established. Presurgical treatment of a cleft alveolus and its associated soft tissues with presurgical orthopedics is just one of these techniques. Differing opinions of the effectiveness, growth disturbances, and additional costs of presurgical molding are often debated, but the concepts should be understood by any cleft surgeon or orthodontist involved in cleft care.[...]Copyright © 2007 by Thieme Medical Publishers, Inc.... Facial Plastic Surgery journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=966906 Mon, 22 Oct 2007 00:34:38 +0100 966906 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=966905&cid=s_36608_9_f&fid=36608&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thieme-connect.com%2FDOI%2FDOI10.1055%2Fs-2007-979279 This article reviews the basic principles of distraction osteogenesis, summarizes the outcomes of recent literature involving pediatric mandibular distraction including this author's experience, and discusses the known and potential adverse sequelae of mandibular distraction. Before a clearly defined role of mandibular distraction in the treatment of infants with micrognathia-associated upper airway obstruction can be established, additional prospective studies are necessary to delineate its benefits and limitations.[...]Copyright © 2007 by Thieme Medical Publishers, Inc., 333 Seventh Avenue, New York, NY 10001, USA.Get connected:Table of contents  |  Abstract  |  Full text (Source: Facial Plastic Surgery) Facial Plastic Surgery journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=966905 Mon, 22 Oct 2007 00:34:38 +0100 966905 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=966904&cid=s_36608_9_f&fid=36608&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thieme-connect.com%2FDOI%2FDOI10.1055%2Fs-2007-979278 Facial plast Surg 2007; 23: 100-106DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-979278ABSTRACTThe bilateral cleft lip is a complex deformity involving discontinuity of the soft tissue layers of the lip and, frequently, the underlying bony structure. Satisfactory repair requires a thorough understanding of the anatomic deformity. The authors' philosophy and timing of the bilateral cleft lip repair are discussed. Details of the surgical technique are outlined.[...]Copyright © 2007 by Thieme Medical Publishers, Inc., 333 Seventh Avenue, New York, NY 10001, USA.Get connected:Table of contents  |  Abstract  |  Full text (Source: Facial Plastic Surgery) Facial Plastic Surgery journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=966904 Mon, 22 Oct 2007 00:34:38 +0100 966904 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=966903&cid=s_36608_9_f&fid=36608&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thieme-connect.com%2FDOI%2FDOI10.1055%2Fs-2007-979277 Facial plast Surg 2007; 23: 091-099DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-979277ABSTRACTReconstruction of the unilateral cleft lip deformity remains a challenge. The Millard repair is the most commonly employed technique of lip closure. Wide clefts with malaligned alveolar arches and very short cleft-side philtral ridges are particularly difficult to reconstruct well. These cases frequently require some degree of cleft-side alotomy with attendant scarring and potential growth disturbance. Additionally, the lip scar tends to cross the philtrum at an aesthetically unsatisfactory low level. Nasoalveolar molding is one method to address these problems, but is not always available or practical. Alternatively, a two-stage lip repair serves as a reasonable means of managing these problems as well. The first stage, ... Facial Plastic Surgery journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=966903 Mon, 22 Oct 2007 00:34:38 +0100 966903 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=966902&cid=s_36608_9_f&fid=36608&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thieme-connect.com%2FDOI%2FDOI10.1055%2Fs-2007-979276 Facial plast Surg 2007; 23: 087-090DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-979276ABSTRACTThe surgical repair of unilateral cleft lip has been refined over the centuries. During the past few decades, two techniques have emerged as ideal: (1) the rotation/advancement technique and (2) the triangular flap repair, the former more commonly utilized. Underrotation and insufficient advancement represent two potential errors when using this technique. In this review, these errors in flap development will be examined and strategies discussed for their avoidance. Insufficiencies in both rotation and advancement produce functionally and aesthetically suboptimal results. Although the principles of rotation and advancement are well described, differences in opinions exist as to the precise details of flap development. The... Facial Plastic Surgery journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=966902 Mon, 22 Oct 2007 00:34:38 +0100 966902 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=966901&cid=s_36608_9_f&fid=36608&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thieme-connect.com%2FDOI%2FDOI10.1055%2Fs-2007-979275 Facial plast Surg 2007; 23: 083-086DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-979275ABSTRACTCleft and craniofacial healthcare is complex, warranting a specialized, multidisciplinary approach. The modern cleft team is best suited to deliver appropriate care to both affected individuals and their families.[...]Copyright © 2007 by Thieme Medical Publishers, Inc., 333 Seventh Avenue, New York, NY 10001, USA.Get connected:Table of contents  |  Abstract  |  Full text (Source: Facial Plastic Surgery) Facial Plastic Surgery journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=966901 Mon, 22 Oct 2007 00:34:38 +0100 966901 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=966900&cid=s_36608_9_f&fid=36608&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thieme-connect.com%2FDOI%2FDOI10.1055%2Fs-2007-979274 Facial plast Surg 2007; 23: 081-081DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-979274Copyright © 2007 by Thieme Medical Publishers, Inc., 333 Seventh Avenue, New York, NY 10001, USA.Get connected:Table of contents  |  Full text (Source: Facial Plastic Surgery) Facial Plastic Surgery journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=966900 Mon, 22 Oct 2007 00:34:38 +0100 966900 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=966899&cid=s_36608_9_f&fid=36608&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thieme-connect.com%2FDOI%2FDOI10.1055%2Fs-2007-984561 This article will detail a modified approach to the traditional tarsomyectomy (Fasenalla-Servat procedure) and also discuss the levator advancement. Despite the proper preoperative evaluation and meticulous attention to technique, the ptosis surgeon may still encounter postoperative complications. The ability to manage the array of possible complications truly distinguishes the ptosis surgeon.[...]Copyright © 2007 by Thieme Medical Publishers, Inc., 333 Seventh Avenue, New York, NY 10001, USA.Get connected:Table of contents  |  Abstract  |  Full text (Source: Facial Plastic Surgery) Facial Plastic Surgery journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=966899 Mon, 22 Oct 2007 00:34:38 +0100 966899 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=966898&cid=s_36608_9_f&fid=36608&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thieme-connect.com%2FDOI%2FDOI10.1055%2Fs-2007-984560 Facial plast Surg 2007; 23: 200-202DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-984560ABSTRACTThe lateral tarsal strip is a mainstay procedure of oculoplastic surgery. The technique is easy to conceive but difficult to master. Awareness of its many indications and its limitations along with a working knowledge of its proper execution is necessary.[...]Copyright © 2007 by Thieme Medical Publishers, Inc., 333 Seventh Avenue, New York, NY 10001, USA.Get connected:Table of contents  |  Abstract  |  Full text (Source: Facial Plastic Surgery) Facial Plastic Surgery journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=966898 Mon, 22 Oct 2007 00:34:38 +0100 966898 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=966897&cid=s_36608_9_f&fid=36608&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thieme-connect.com%2FDOI%2FDOI10.1055%2Fs-2007-984559 Facial plast Surg 2007; 23: 190-199DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-984559ABSTRACTBlunt trauma to the orbital rim is a frequent cause of orbital floor fractures. Although orbital floor fractures often occur in association with other facial trauma, the term “blowout fracture” is reserved for isolated orbital floor fractures with an intact orbital rim. Many surgical specialties-including ophthalmologists, otolaryngologists, maxillofacial specialists, and plastic surgeons-evaluate and treat floor fractures. The wide range of treating physicians means that varying levels of expertise and experience are involved in care of patients with periorbital trauma. Although each subspecialty can offer pearls from their basis of training, the purpose of this article is to offer insights on orbital floor f... Facial Plastic Surgery journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=966897 Mon, 22 Oct 2007 00:34:38 +0100 966897 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=966896&cid=s_36608_9_f&fid=36608&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thieme-connect.com%2FDOI%2FDOI10.1055%2Fs-2007-984558 Facial plast Surg 2007; 23: 181-189DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-984558ABSTRACTSkin cancers are increasing as the population ages. Basal cell and squamous cell carcinomas are the most commonly occurring lesions. The frozen section techniques and Mohs' techniques are considered to be the gold standard of treatment of periocular carcinomas. Strategies for treatment of these lesions as well as reconstruction of full-thickness eyelid defects and partial-thickness skin defects are discussed.[...]Copyright © 2007 by Thieme Medical Publishers, Inc., 333 Seventh Avenue, New York, NY 10001, USA.Get connected:Table of contents  |  Abstract  |  Full text (Source: Facial Plastic Surgery) Facial Plastic Surgery journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=966896 Mon, 22 Oct 2007 00:34:38 +0100 966896 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=966895&cid=s_36608_9_f&fid=36608&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thieme-connect.com%2FDOI%2FDOI10.1055%2Fs-2007-984557 Facial plast Surg 2007; 23: 174-180DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-984557ABSTRACTA review of different techniques used in midface-lifting.[...]Copyright © 2007 by Thieme Medical Publishers, Inc., 333 Seventh Avenue, New York, NY 10001, USA.Get connected:Table of contents  |  Abstract  |  Full text (Source: Facial Plastic Surgery) Facial Plastic Surgery journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=966895 Mon, 22 Oct 2007 00:34:38 +0100 966895 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=966894&cid=s_36608_9_f&fid=36608&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thieme-connect.com%2FDOI%2FDOI10.1055%2Fs-2007-984556 Facial plast Surg 2007; 23: 168-173DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-984556ABSTRACTThyroid-related orbitopathy is a disorder related to systemic thyroid dysfunction, which can cause devastating orbital disease affecting nearly all of the orbital tissues. This includes orbital and eyelid abnormalities that may be acute, subacute, or chronic. The disease is complex and difficult to treat due varying activity of the systemic thyroid disease. The resulting morbidity of the disease ranges from mildly abnormal cosmesis and ocular irritation to blindness. A systematic approach to successful management of this disease requires timely medical and surgical interventions.[...]Copyright © 2007 by Thieme Medical Publishers, Inc., 333 Seventh Avenue, New York, NY 10001, USA.Get connected:Table of contents  |  Ab... Facial Plastic Surgery journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=966894 Mon, 22 Oct 2007 00:34:38 +0100 966894 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=966893&cid=s_36608_9_f&fid=36608&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thieme-connect.com%2FDOI%2FDOI10.1055%2Fs-2007-984555 Facial plast Surg 2007; 23: 162-167DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-984555ABSTRACTThe combination of noninvasive treatments in the periorbital area can be used to achieve dramatic and long-lasting results. New technologies and current therapies may supplement or even delay traditional surgical procedures.[...]Copyright © 2007 by Thieme Medical Publishers, Inc., 333 Seventh Avenue, New York, NY 10001, USA.Get connected:Table of contents  |  Abstract  |  Full text (Source: Facial Plastic Surgery) Facial Plastic Surgery journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=966893 Mon, 22 Oct 2007 00:34:38 +0100 966893 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=966892&cid=s_36608_9_f&fid=36608&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thieme-connect.com%2FDOI%2FDOI10.1055%2Fs-2007-984554 Facial plast Surg 2007; 23: 156-161DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-984554ABSTRACTCongenital ptosis is due to a dysgenesis of the levator complex with the levator muscle being replaced by fatty and fibrous tissue. This dysfunction of the levator muscle gives rise to the classic triad of findings in congenital ptosis, including ptosis in the primary position, lagophthalmos in downgaze, and a poorly formed eyelid crease. There are traditionally two ways to surgically correct congenital ptosis, levator resection and frontalis suspension (by utilizing a myriad of both autogenous and synthetic materials). Although frontalis suspension is the more utilized surgical option for the correction of congenital ptosis, the complication rate due to the use of synthetic materials is not insignificant. Many surgeons f... Facial Plastic Surgery journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=966892 Mon, 22 Oct 2007 00:34:38 +0100 966892 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=966891&cid=s_36608_9_f&fid=36608&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thieme-connect.com%2FDOI%2FDOI10.1055%2Fs-2007-984553 Facial plast Surg 2007; 23: 149-155DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-984553ABSTRACTInjury and disruption of the canaliculi of the lacrimal excretory system commonly occur from laceration or shearing trauma. This type of injury will likely lead to dysfunction of tear flow from the palpebral sulcus and chronic epiphora. The goal of this article is to give a step-by-step review of canalicular repair.[...]Copyright © 2007 by Thieme Medical Publishers, Inc., 333 Seventh Avenue, New York, NY 10001, USA.Get connected:Table of contents  |  Abstract  |  Full text (Source: Facial Plastic Surgery) Facial Plastic Surgery journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=966891 Mon, 22 Oct 2007 00:34:38 +0100 966891 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=966890&cid=s_36608_9_f&fid=36608&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thieme-connect.com%2FDOI%2FDOI10.1055%2Fs-2007-984552 Facial plast Surg 2007; 23: 147-148DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-984552Copyright © 2007 by Thieme Medical Publishers, Inc., 333 Seventh Avenue, New York, NY 10001, USA.Get connected:Table of contents  |  Full text (Source: Facial Plastic Surgery) Facial Plastic Surgery journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=966890 Fri, 10 Aug 2007 23:00:46 +0100 966890