MedWorm.com provides a medical RSS filtering service. Over 6000 RSS medical sources are combined and output via different filters. This feed contains the latest items from the 'Gene' source. Mon, 06 Feb 2012 09:32:08 +0100 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5650550&cid=s_35583_50_f&fid=35583&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22285974%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Staley CA, Huang A, Nattestad M, Oshiro K, Ray L, Mulye T, Li ZH, Le T, Stephens JJ, Gomez SR, Moy A, Nguyen JC, Franz AH, Lin-Cereghino J, Lin-Cereghino GP Abstract Pichia pastoris is a methylotrophic yeast that has been genetically engineered to express over one thousand heterologous proteins valued for industrial, pharmaceutical and basic research purposes. In most cases, the 5' untranslated region (UTR) of the alcohol oxidase 1 (AOX1) gene is fused to the coding sequence of the recombinant gene for protein expression in this yeast. Because the effect of the AOX1 5'UTR on protein expression is not known, site-directed mutagenesis was performed in order to decrease or increase the length of this region. Both of these types of changes were shown to affect translational ef... Gene journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5650550 Wed, 25 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5650550 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5650554&cid=s_35583_50_f&fid=35583&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22285925%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Fuesler J, Nagahama Y, Szulewski J, Mundorff J, Bireley S, Coren JS Abstract The various iterations of the HapMap Project and many genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified hundreds of potential genes involved in monogenic and multifactorial traits. We constructed an arrayed 115,000-member human genomic library in the PAC shuttle vector pJCPAC-Mam2 that can be propagated in both bacterial and human cells. The library appears to represent a two-fold coverage of the human genome. Transient transfection of a p53-containing PAC clone into p53-null Saos-2 human osteosarcoma cells demonstrated that both p53 mRNA and protein were produced. Additionally, expression of the p53 protein triggered apoptosis in a subset of the Saos-2 cells. This library should serve as a v... Gene journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5650554 Tue, 24 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5650554 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5650549&cid=s_35583_50_f&fid=35583&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22289186%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSIONS: The frequency of Leu7Pro polymorphism of NPY was 5.9% in our Iranian population; higher than reported for other Asian populations. The Leu7Pro polymorphism was associated with CAD in an Iranian population. PMID: 22289186 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Gene) Gene journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5650549 Tue, 24 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5650549 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5650548&cid=s_35583_50_f&fid=35583&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22293393%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Hiyoshi M, Uemura H, Arisawa K, Nakamoto M, Hishida A, Okada R, Matsuo K, Kita Y, Niimura H, Kuriyama N, Nanri H, Ohnaka K, Suzuki S, Mikami H, Kubo M, Tanaka H, Hamajima N, Abstract In our previous proteomic study in rat liver damaged by carbon tetrachloride, soluble catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) increased as a phosphorylated form and decreased as a dephosphorylated form. This finding raised the possibility that the COMT protein is associated with liver function. Thus, we hypothesized that (1) the COMT gene contributes to liver homeostasis and (2) a COMT polymorphism (rs4680: Val158Met) causing thermolability of enzymatic activity affects liver enzymes (e.g., aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (γ-GT))... Gene journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5650548 Tue, 24 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5650548 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5650556&cid=s_35583_50_f&fid=35583&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22285923%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Chen J, Chen JY, Wang JN, Kuang JF, Shan W, Lu WJ Abstract CONSTANS (CO) gene is a key transcription regulator that controls the long-day induction of flowering in Arabidopsis plant. However, CO gene involved in fruit ripening and stress responses is poorly understood. In the present study, a novel cDNA encoding CONSTANS-like gene, designated as MaCOL1 was isolated and characterized from banana fruit. The full length cDNA sequence was 1887bp with an open reading frame (ORF) of 1242bp, encoding 414 amino acids with a molecular weight of 46.20kDa and a theoretical isoelectric point of 5.40. Sequence alignment showed that MaCOL1 contained two B-box zinc finger motifs and a CCT domain. In addition, MaCOL1 showed transcriptional activity in yeast and was a nucleus-localized pro... Gene journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5650556 Fri, 20 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5650556 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5650552&cid=s_35583_50_f&fid=35583&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22285927%26dopt%3DAbstract This study also shows the relevance of using molecular techniques to make an accurate diagnosis in patients with dysmorphic features and multiple anomalies suggestive of chromosome aberration, even if on G-banding their karyotype appears to be normal. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) was necessary to identify a masked balanced translocation in the patient's mother, indicating the importance of associating cytogenetic and molecular techniques in clinical genetics, given the implications for patient management and genetic counseling. PMID: 22285927 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Gene) Gene journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5650552 Fri, 20 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5650552 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5650551&cid=s_35583_50_f&fid=35583&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22285928%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Yang C, Li X, Wang Y, Zhao L, Chen W Abstract Long non-coding RNA urothelial carcinoma associated 1 (UCA1) promotes human bladder cancer cell proliferation, but the underlying mechanism remains unknown. After knocking down of UCA1 in BLZ-211 cells, several cell cycle-related genes (CDKN2B, EP300 and TGFβ-2) were screened by microarray assay and validated by real-time PCR. Interestingly, in western blot analysis, p300 (encoded by EP300) and its coactivator cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) level were significantly down-regulated. Both suppression of UCA1 expression by shRNA in BLZ-211 cells and ectopic expression of UCA1 in UMUC-2 cells showed that UCA1 alteration paralleled to the expression and phosphorylation of CREB, and UCA1 obviously influenced AKT express... Gene journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5650551 Fri, 20 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5650551 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5650558&cid=s_35583_50_f&fid=35583&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22285376%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Wong ES, Belov K Abstract Venoms contain highly complex mixtures that typically include hundreds of different components and have evolved independently in a diverse range of animals including platypuses, shrews, snakes, lizards, fishes, echinoderms, spiders, wasps, centipedes, sea snails, cephalopods, jellyfish and sea anemones. Many venom genes evolved through gene duplication. Gene duplication occurs in all domains of life and provides the raw substrate from which novel function arise. In this review, we focus on the role that gene duplication has played in the origin and diversification of venom genes. We outline the selective advantages of venom gene duplicates and the role that selection has played in the retention of these duplicates. We use toxin gene intermediates ... Gene journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5650558 Wed, 18 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5650558 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5650555&cid=s_35583_50_f&fid=35583&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22285924%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Eissenberg JC Abstract The chromodomain motif is found among certain chromosomal proteins of all eukaryotes. The chromodomain fold - three beta strands packed against a C-terminal alpha helix - mediates protein-protein and/or protein-nucleic acid interactions. In some cases, the affinity of chromodomain binding is regulated by lysine methylation, which appears to target chromodomain proteins and associated complexes to specific sites in chromatin. In this review, our current knowledge of chromodomain structure and function is summarized. PMID: 22285924 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Gene) Gene journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5650555 Wed, 18 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5650555 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5650553&cid=s_35583_50_f&fid=35583&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22285926%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Dong D, Gao X, Zhu Z, Yu Q, Bian S, Gao Y Abstract The pathogenesis of HCC is a multistage process with the involvement of genetic factors. The aim of the present study is to investigate the possible association between a 40-bp insertion/deletion polymorphism (indel) at constitutive promoter of MDM2 and risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in a Chinese population. Using 420 HCC patients and 423 control subjects, we genotyped the indel polymorphism (rs3730485) using polymerase chain reaction method. Logistic regression was used to analyze the association between the polymorphism and HCC susceptibility. Under co-dominant model, we found that the ins/del and del/del genotype of indel was associated with a significantly increased risk of HCC compared with its homozygote ins/... Gene journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5650553 Wed, 18 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5650553 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5650557&cid=s_35583_50_f&fid=35583&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22285377%26dopt%3DAbstract This report widens the clinical spectrum of VWMD and raises the possibility of an allele-specific association with adrenal insufficiency. PMID: 22285377 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Gene) Gene journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5650557 Tue, 17 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5650557 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5636004&cid=s_35583_50_f&fid=35583&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22265842%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Kim DW, Jeong S, Kim DS, Kim HS, Seo SB, Hahn Y Abstract Loss of gene function is implicated in the emergence of novel phenotypes during organism evolution. Here, we report the inactivation of the MSLNL gene encoding mesothelin-like protein in African great ape evolution. Human MSLNL has a nonsense mutation in exon 10 and two polymorphic mutations: a frameshift in exon 3 and a nonsense codon in exon 8. The gorilla gene also shows multiple deleterious mutations, including a premature stop codon, a deletion, and a splice site mutation. Molecular evolutionary analysis indicated relaxed selection pressure on MSLNL in African great ape lineages, which suggested that MSLNL might have become inactivated before the divergence of human, chimpanzee and gorilla. The mouse Mslnl gene ... Gene journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5636004 Sat, 14 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5636004 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5636003&cid=s_35583_50_f&fid=35583&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22266421%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSION: This preliminary study shows no evidence association of NOD2 gene with Crohn's disease in the Moroccan population. PMID: 22266421 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Gene) Gene journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5636003 Sat, 14 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5636003 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5636005&cid=s_35583_50_f&fid=35583&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22265841%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Meng X, Guo A, Gong W, Jia W, Luo X, Zhai J, Dou Y, Cai X Abstract Ovine β2 subunit of the interleukin (IL)-12 receptor (IL-12Rβ2) was cloned from mRNA preparation of mitogen-activated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). The complete coding sequence for ovine IL-12 Rβ2 was found to be 2586 nucleotides in length encoding 862-amino-acid residue protein. It showed 96.4% homology at the nucleotide level and 94.1% homology at the amino acid level with bovine IL-12 Rβ2. The ovine IL-12 Rβ2 subunit shares common structural and functional elements with their counterparts from the other species. Phylogenetic tree showed that ovine IL-12Rβ2 was clustered into the Artiodactyla group, together with those of cattle and pig, which was distinct from the other groups. Real-t... Gene journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5636005 Thu, 12 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5636005 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5636002&cid=s_35583_50_f&fid=35583&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22266422%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSION: We report the first biallelic MYH mutations in four Moroccan patients with clinical criteria of MAP; three of them had colorectal cancer with attenuated polyposis. No MYH mutations were found in colorectal patients without polyposis. Despite the relatively small sample size of the current study, our findings suggest that the MAP is not a frequent cause of colon cancer in Morocco as we had expected, and the molecular analysis of MYH gene should be restricted to patients displaying the classical phenotype of MAP. PMID: 22266422 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Gene) Gene journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5636002 Tue, 10 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5636002 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5617773&cid=s_35583_50_f&fid=35583&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22248626%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Huang W, Sun W, Wang Y Abstract The epimedii herb, a traditional Chinese medicinal plant, has significant pharmacological effects on human health. The bioactive components in the herb (Epimedium sagittatum (Sieb. et Zucc.) Maxim) are mainly prenylated flavonol glycosides, which are end-products of the flavonoid biosynthetic pathway. This has not been clearly elucidated until recently. The genes encoding flavonoid 3'-hydroxylase (F3'H) and flavonoid 3', 5'-hydroxylase (F3'5'H) involved in the flavonoid biosynthetic pathway, designated as EsF3'H and EsF3'5'H, were isolated from E. sagittatum using a homology-based cloning method and deposited in the GenBank databases (GenBank ID: HM011054 and HM011055), respectively. EsF3'H and EsF3'5'H proteins shared high homology with oth... Gene journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5617773 Mon, 09 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5617773 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5617780&cid=s_35583_50_f&fid=35583&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22244745%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, the rs2023239 and rs806381 polymorphisms of CNR1 were not associated with increased overweight and obesity risk. But the rs2023239 polymorphism was significantly associated with GPT, and the rs806381 polymorphism was significantly associated with TG. PMID: 22244745 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Gene) Gene journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5617780 Sun, 08 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5617780 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5617777&cid=s_35583_50_f&fid=35583&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22245183%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Suyari O, Kawai M, Ida H, Yoshida H, Sakaguchi K, Yamaguchi M Abstract In Drosophila, the 255kDa catalytic subunit (dpolεp255) and the 58kDa subunit of DNA polymerase ε (dpolεp58) have been identified. The N-terminus of dpolεp255 carries well-conserved six DNA polymerase subdomains and five 3'→5' exonuclease motifs as observed with Polε in other species. We here examined roles of dpolεp255 during Drosophila development using transgenic fly lines expressing double stranded RNA (dsRNA). Expression of dpolεp255 dsRNA in eye discs induced a small eye phenotype and inhibited DNA synthesis, indicating a role in the G1-S transition and/or S-phase progression of the mitotic cycle. Similarly, expression of dpolεp255 dsRNA in the salivary glands resulted in small size and ... Gene journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5617777 Sun, 08 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5617777 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5617774&cid=s_35583_50_f&fid=35583&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22245614%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, an association of these two loci with T2D was investigated in a Harbin Chinese population. Whereas the two populations in the initial studies were southern Han Chinese, Harbin Chinese are from northeastern China. The SNPs rs290487 and rs11196218 were genotyped by ligase detection reactions in 700 T2D patients and 570 unrelated non-diabetic controls. Association analyses, which were carried out using the case-control sample set, yielded a significant association between rs290487 and T2D, with a trend opposite to that described in a previous report. Specifically, rs290487T was found to be significantly associated with disease susceptibility (p=0.039), and the allelic OR of rs290487T carriers was 1.184 (95% CI 1.008-1.391). There was no significant association between rs1119621... Gene journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5617774 Sun, 08 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5617774 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5617781&cid=s_35583_50_f&fid=35583&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22244744%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Li F, Lu Y, Ding M, Wu G, Sinha S, Wang S, Zheng Q Abstract P63, a member of the P53 tumor suppressor family, is known to play important functions in cancer and development. Interestingly, previous studies have shown that p63 null mice are absent or have truncated limbs, while mutations in human P63 cause several skeletal syndromes that also show limb and digit abnormalities, suggesting its essential role in long bone development. Indeed, we detected increased level of p63 transcript in hypertrophic MCT cells (an established cell model of chondrocyte maturation) than in proliferative MCT cells. To investigate the in vivo role of P63 upon endochondral bone formation, we have established transgenic mouse lines in which HA- and Flag-tagged TAP63α (the longest P63 isoform) is... Gene journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5617781 Thu, 05 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5617781 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5617779&cid=s_35583_50_f&fid=35583&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22244746%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Liu DZ, Ander BP, Tian Y, Stamova B, Jickling G, Davis RR, Sharp FR Abstract Mature neurons (MNs), neural progenitor cells (NPCs) and neuroblastoma cells (NBCs) are all neural-derived cells. However, MNs are unable to divide once differentiated; NPCs are able to divide a limited number of times and differentiate to normal brain cell types; whereas NBCs can divide an unlimited number of times but rarely differentiate. Here, we perform whole transcriptome (mRNA, miRNA) profiling of these cell types and compare expression levels of each cell type to the others. Integrated mRNA-miRNA functional analyses reveal that: 1) several very highly expressed genes (e.g., Robo1, Nrp1, Epha3, Unc5c, Dcc, Pak3, Limk4) and a few under-expressed miRNAs (e.g., miR-152, miR-146b, miR-339-5p) i... Gene journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5617779 Thu, 05 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5617779 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5617778&cid=s_35583_50_f&fid=35583&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22245182%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Fomichev KA, Sazanova AL, Malewski T, Kaminski S, Sazanov AA Abstract Ten evolutionary conservative sequences with high identity level to homological sequences in other mammal species were revealed in 5'-flanking region of casein's genes cluster. Five novel SNPs located inside of the evolutionary conservative regions were identified. The binding sites were revealed to be present in one allelic variant of four detected SNPs. So these SNPs were considered as rSNPs. Significant differences of allelic frequencies were revealed between beef cow's group and dairy cow's group in two rSNPs (NCE4, NCE7, p<0.001). Different alleles of those two rSNPs were shown to be associated with some milk performance traits in Black-and-White Holstein dairy cows. Significant difference of pro... Gene journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5617778 Thu, 05 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5617778 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5617776&cid=s_35583_50_f&fid=35583&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22245612%26dopt%3DAbstract This study validates the utility of ITS rDNA region as a reliable indicator of phylogenetic relationships, especially ITS 2 as probable DNA barcode at higher levels and can serve as an additional approach for identification of broader range of plant taxa especially orchids. PMID: 22245612 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Gene) Gene journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5617776 Thu, 05 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5617776 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5617775&cid=s_35583_50_f&fid=35583&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22245613%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Zhang H, Wang J, Yi B, Zhao Y, Liu Y, Zhang K, Cai X, Sun J, Huang L, Liao Q Abstract We investigated the relationship between BsmI/ApaI polymorphisms in vitamin D receptor gene and diabetic nephropathy in a Han Chinese population. PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism was used to test the genotype and allele frequency of BsmI and ApaI polymorphisms in 304 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM group) and 100 control individuals (ND group). The DM group was further divided into DN0 (no diabetic nephropathy), DN1 (diabetes with small amount of albuminuria), DN2 (diabetes with large amount of albuminuria), L/NDN (late-onset DN after 5years/no DN over the whole follow-up period of 5years) and EDN (early-onset diabetic nephropathy occurring within first year) subgro... Gene journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5617775 Thu, 05 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5617775 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5594103&cid=s_35583_50_f&fid=35583&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22240313%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, to determine the mechanism by which MCPH1 regulates hTERT gene expression, we examined the role of MCPH1 in regulating the hTERT promoter in vitro. Co-transfection of the hTERT promoter with MCPH1 in Hela cells could inhibit the hTERT promoter activity. The EMSA assay demonstrated that MCPH1 could bind to the proximal hTERT promoter. Overexpression of MCPH1 could repress telomerase activity, and the repression was abolished by knocking down the MCPH1 expression using siRNA in U2OS cells. We propose that MCPH1 functions as a transcriptional repressor of hTERT in vitro. Since the activation of telomerase, widely observed in human tumor cell lines, is a critical step in tumorigenesis, our findings provide new insights into delineating the tumor-suppressing function of MCPH1 thr... Gene journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5594103 Thu, 05 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5594103 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5594102&cid=s_35583_50_f&fid=35583&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22240314%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Babu MS, Prabha TS, Kaul S, Al-Hazzani A, Shafi G, Roy S, Balakrishna N, Jyothy A, Munshi A Abstract Genetic variants of tPA (PLAT) and PAI-1 genes have been suggested to be the risk factors for stroke. In the present case-control study we investigated the association of -7351C/T polymorphism (rs2020918) and I/D polymorphism of tPA gene and Insertion/deletion polymorphism (4G/5G) of PAI-1 gene with genetic predisposition to ischemic stroke. 516 stroke patients and 513, sex and age matched healthy controls were involved in the study. We did not find a significant association of tPA -7351C/T polymorphism and PAI-1 4G/5G polymorphism with stroke. However, in case of I/D polymorphism significant difference was observed in the genotypic distribution and allelic frequency betwee... Gene journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5594102 Thu, 05 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5594102 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5594101&cid=s_35583_50_f&fid=35583&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22240315%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Chen X, Wang X, Li Z, Kong L, Liu G, Fu J, Wang A Abstract 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-Coenzyme A reductase (HMGR) is the rate-limiting enzyme for cholesterol synthesis. Its activity is regulated via a negative feedback mechanism through sterols and non-sterol metabolites derived from mevalonate, the product of the reaction catalyzed by reductase. Here, we cloned a full-length transcript of porcine HMGR by RT-PCR and RACE. The porcine HMGR cDNA (2864bp,GenBank accession no. DQ432054) contains a 2658bp open reading frame and shares 91% identify with those of human and cattle, and 85%, 85% and 84% identify with the HMGR coding sequences of Norway rat, golden hamster, and house mouse, respectively. The deduced porcine HMGR protein consists of 885 amino acids with a calculated ... Gene journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5594101 Thu, 05 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5594101 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5594107&cid=s_35583_50_f&fid=35583&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22237019%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, atomic force microscopy (AFM) was used to obtain the morphology and ultrastructure of SSCs at nanometer level, and the CD29 Ab-functionalized AFM tip was used to examine β1-integrin distribution on the cell membrane. There were many force-binding spots on about 50% of cell membrane binding to the CD29 Ab-functionalized AFM tip, and the mean bind rupture force was 283.63±12.56PN which was much larger than the non-specific average force 70.75±10.95PN. Meanwhile, β1-integrin on SSCs membrane was distributed non-uniformly, and there were some β1-integrins appeared to be expressed as 150-350nm nanoclusters on the membrane. Our results discovered the structure of SSCs at nanometer level by AFM. The force between β1-integrin antigen-antibody interactions and the distribution ... Gene journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5594107 Tue, 03 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5594107 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5594106&cid=s_35583_50_f&fid=35583&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22237020%26dopt%3DAbstract We examined the association by performing a meta-analysis. Two investigators independently searched the Medline, Embase, CNKI, and Chinese Biomedicine Databases. Summary odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) for CYP17 polymorphism and PCOS were calculated in a fixed-effects model and a random-effects model when appropriate. The pooled ORs were performed for co-dominant model (CC vs. TT, TC vs. TT), dominant model (CC+TC vs. TT), and recessive model (CC vs. TC+TT). Subgroup analyses were performed by ethnicity, country, Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) in controls and study sample size. This meta-analysis included 10 case-control studies, which included 1321 PCOS cases and 1017 controls. Overall, the variant genotypes (CC and TC) were not associated with PCOS risk, compar... Gene journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5594106 Tue, 03 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5594106 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5594105&cid=s_35583_50_f&fid=35583&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22240311%26dopt%3DAbstract We report our experience in the clinical diagnostic use of high resolution AGH up to 100kb on 131 patients with chromosomal phenotypes but previously normal karyotype. We evaluated the usefulness in our clinics and laboratories by the detection rate of causal CNVs and CNVs of unknown clinical significance and to what extent their interpretation would challenge the systematic use of high-resolution arrays in clinical application. Prioritizing phenotype-genotype correlation in our interpretation strategy to criteria previously described, we identified 33 (25.2%) potentially pathogenic aberrations. 16 aberrations were confirmed pathogenic (16.4% syndromic, 8.5% non-syndromic patients); 9 were new and individual aberrations, 3 of them were pathogenic although inherited and one is as small as a... Gene journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5594105 Tue, 03 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5594105 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5594104&cid=s_35583_50_f&fid=35583&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22240312%26dopt%3DAbstract This study therefore may help in elucidating the hitherto unknown molecular mechanism of the functionalities of σ(32)family of proteins. PMID: 22240312 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Gene) Gene journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5594104 Tue, 03 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5594104 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5594110&cid=s_35583_50_f&fid=35583&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22230226%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Zahid N, Zulfiqar S, Shakoori AR Abstract The transcriptional fusion of reporter lacZ gene with cusRS regulatory promoter of cus operon of Klebsiella pneumoniae enabled us to analyze the inductive effect of copper on promoter via lacZ assay. The stimulus response curve of promoter to a range of copper metal concentrations indicated a normal sigmoidal response profile with apparent Hill coefficient 1.0. There was a positive correlation of promoter response to the increasing concentration of copper in the medium. AC(50) value of copper was calculated to be 1mM, whereas the promoter response was exponential beyond 1mM and up to 2.5mM concentration. The promoter activity did not increase exponentially in copper concentration higher than 2.5mM. The promoter PcusRS requires two ... Gene journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5594110 Sat, 31 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5594110 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5594108&cid=s_35583_50_f&fid=35583&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22233894%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Rana TS, Narzary D, Ohri D Abstract The present study was undertaken to understand the genetic differentiation and relationships in various components of C. album complex, C. giganteum and some related species using inter simple sequence repeats (ISSR) profiles and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequences. The relationships based on UPGMA dendrograms have shown the heterogenous nature of C. album complex. The 2x taxa while showing close relation among themselves are sharply segregated from 4x and 6x taxa belonging to C. album and C. giganteum. Among the three cytotypes from North Indian plains the 4x shows greater similarity to 6x than to 2x which is corroborated by the karyotypic studies. Furthermore, the 6x C. album and C. giganteum accessions of American and European... Gene journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5594108 Sat, 31 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5594108 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5594111&cid=s_35583_50_f&fid=35583&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22230225%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Anisha S, Bhasker S, Mohankumar C Abstract Vechur cow, categorized as a critically maintained breed by the FAO, is a unique breed of Bos indicus due to its extremely small size, less fodder intake, adaptability, easy domestication and traditional medicinal property of the milk. Lactoferrin (Lf) is an iron-binding glycoprotein that is found predominantly in the milk of mammals. The full coding region of Lf gene of Vechur cow was cloned, sequenced and expressed in a prokaryotic system. Antibacterial activity of the recombinant Lf showed suppression of bacterial growth. To the best of our knowledge this is the first time that the full coding region of Lf gene of B. indicus Vechur breed is sequenced, successfully expressed in a prokaryotic system and characterized. Comparative... Gene journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5594111 Fri, 30 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5594111 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5594120&cid=s_35583_50_f&fid=35583&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22226810%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Li M, Shi J, Fu L, Wang H, Zhou B, Wu X Abstract The issue that genetic polymorphism of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) family is in association with coronary disease is controversial. So we did a meta-analysis to clarify it clearly. We made a literature search of PubMed, the Web of Science, and Cochrane Collaboration's database to identify eligible reports. The methodological quality of each included studies was assessed. We calculated the pooled ORs with their 95%CI for each genetic polymorphism in STATA 11 software. Separate analysis was performed to address the consistency of results across the subgroup with different continents. A total of 39 studies were included, with a sample of 42269 individuals. This meta-analysis provided evidence that genetic polymorphism of MMP... Gene journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5594120 Thu, 29 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5594120 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5594119&cid=s_35583_50_f&fid=35583&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22226811%26dopt%3DAbstract The objective of the work was to clone and analyze these genes so as to generate a comprehensive knowledge on the critical genes of catechins biosynthesis pathway. Gene expression analysis was carried out in response to leaf age and external cues (drought stress, abscisic acid, gibberellic acid treatments and wounding). A holistic analysis suggested that CsCHI, CsF3H, CsDFR, CsANS and CsANR were amongst the critical regulatory genes in regulating catechins content. PMID: 22226811 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Gene) Gene journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5594119 Thu, 29 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5594119 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5594118&cid=s_35583_50_f&fid=35583&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22226812%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Kotchoni SO, Jimenez-Lopez JC, Kayodé AP, Gachomo EW, Baba-Moussa L Abstract Aldehyde dehydrogenases (ALDHs) are members of NAD(P)(+)-dependent protein superfamily that catalyze the oxidation of a wide range of endogenous and exogenous highly reactive aliphatic and aromatic aldehyde molecules to their corresponding non toxic carboxylic acids. Research evidence has shown that ALDHs represent a promising class of genes to improve growth development, seed storage and environmental stress adaptation in higher plants. The recently completed genome sequences of several plant species have resulted in the identification of a large number of ALDH genes, most of which still need to be functionally characterized. In this paper, we identify members of the ALDH gene superfamily in soy... Gene journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5594118 Thu, 29 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5594118 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5594121&cid=s_35583_50_f&fid=35583&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22222140%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSION: miR-196a2CC, miR-499AG+GG, and the miR-196a2CC/miR-499AG+GG combination are significantly associated with idiopathic RSA in Korean women. PMID: 22222140 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Gene) Gene journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5594121 Wed, 28 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5594121 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5594117&cid=s_35583_50_f&fid=35583&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22227492%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, the full-length cDNA of sheep α-TTP gene was cloned from sheep liver by using of rapid amplification of complementary DNA ends (RACE). As a result, the sheep α-TTP gene was 1098bp in nucleotide which contained 23bp 5'-untranslated region (UTR), 226bp 3'-UTR and 849bp open reading frame (ORF) that encoded a basic protein of 282 amino acids. Further bioinformatic analysis indicated that the sheep α-TTP gene had a high homologous of both nucleotide and amino acid sequences compared with that of other species and had a Sec14p-like lipid-binding domain which called the CRAL-TRIO domain. Moreover, the expression of sheep α-TTP mRNA and protein in response to different vitamin E supplemented levels were observed according to quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and Western blot... Gene journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5594117 Wed, 28 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5594117 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5594116&cid=s_35583_50_f&fid=35583&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22227493%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Al-Asbahi AA Abstract Association between arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and majority of terrestrial plant species provides many benefits to plants that range from stress alleviation and bioremediation in soils polluted with heavy metals to plant growth promotion and yield quantity. Some non-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi such as, Trichoderma harzianum, are known to enhance the AMF symbiosis with vascular plants. However, information about their role in AMF symbiosis is still limited. Shoots of (Avocet S) wheat seedlings were sprayed with the fungal culture filtrate and gene expression patterns were analyzed in the treated tissues. An increase in the level of mRNA of arbuscular mycorrhizal protein comparing with control was found. The over-expression of this protein in w... Gene journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5594116 Wed, 28 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5594116 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5594115&cid=s_35583_50_f&fid=35583&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22227494%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Savinov A, Pan J, Ghosh P, Hatfull GF Abstract Mycobacteriophage Bxb1 encodes a serine-integrase that catalyzes both integrative and excisive site-specific recombination. However, excision requires a second phage-encoded protein, gp47, which serves as a recombination directionality factor (RDF). The viability of a Bxb1 mutant containing an S153A substitution in gp47 that eliminates the RDF activity of Bxb1 gp47 shows that excision is not required for Bxb1 lytic growth. However, the inability to construct a Δ47 deletion mutant of Bxb1 suggests that gp47 provides a second function that is required for lytic growth, although the possibility of an essential cis-acting site cannot be excluded. Characterization of a mutant prophage of mycobacteriophage L5 in which gene 54 - a h... Gene journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5594115 Wed, 28 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5594115 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5594114&cid=s_35583_50_f&fid=35583&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22227495%26dopt%3DAbstract This study identifies the alternative transcript variant NRDRA2 encoding a subcellular nuclear localized NRDRA2 protein. PMID: 22227495 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Gene) Gene journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5594114 Wed, 28 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5594114 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5594112&cid=s_35583_50_f&fid=35583&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22227497%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Lüscher B, Vervoorts J Abstract The proteins of the MYC/MAX/MAD network are central regulators of many key processes associated with basic cell physiology. These include the regulation of protein biosynthesis, energy metabolism, proliferation, and apoptosis. Molecularly the MYC/MAX/MAD network achieves these broad activities by controlling the expression of many target genes, which are primarily responsible for the diverse physiological consequences elicited by the network. The MYC proteins of the network possess oncogenic activity and their functional deregulation is associated with the majority of human tumors. Over the last years we have witnessed the accumulation of a considerable number of molecular observations that suggest many different biochemical means and tools... Gene journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5594112 Wed, 28 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5594112 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5594109&cid=s_35583_50_f&fid=35583&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22233893%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Gu M, Dong X, Shi L, Shi L, Lin K, Huang X, Chu J Abstract We performed a mitochondrial whole-genome comparison study in 40 Tibetan and 50 Han Chinese. All subjects could be classified into 13 haplogroups pertained to the Macrohaplogroup M and N that pitched different quadrants by principal component analysis. We observed a difference in the M9 haplogroup and identified 18 significant variants by comparing whole sequences between Tibetan and Han populations. Variants in ND2, COX2, tRNA alanine and 12S rRNA were predicted to confer increased protein stability in Tibetans. We compared the base substitutions of nonsynonymous (NS) versus synonymous (S) of 13 protein-encoding genes and found the NS/S values of the ATP6, ATP8, and Cyt b genes were larger (>1) in Tibetans than... Gene journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5594109 Wed, 28 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5594109 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5594113&cid=s_35583_50_f&fid=35583&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22227496%26dopt%3DAbstract "Delayed death" phenomenon: A synergistic action of cyclophosphamide and exogenous DNA. Gene. 2011 Dec 27; Authors: Dolgova EV, Proskurina AS, Nikolin VP, Popova NA, Alyamkina EA, Orishchenko KE, Rogachev VA, Efremov YR, Dubatolova TD, Prokopenko AV, Chernykh ER, Ostanin AA, Taranov OS, Omigov VV, Zagrebelniy SN, Bogachev SS, Shurdov MA Abstract Morbidity and mortality in mice were observed upon administration of exogenous DNA following their pre-treatment with a cytostatic agent cyclophosphamide. Upon intraperitoneal injections, the fragments of exogenous DNA reached bone marrow cells. These cells were also found to internalize up to 1800kb of exogenous DNA ex vivo. The 18-24h time frame represents a final stage in the repair of DNA double-strand breaks, so when exogenous ... Gene journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5594113 Tue, 27 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5594113 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5574842&cid=s_35583_50_f&fid=35583&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22209717%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSIONS: Our data firstly suggest that genetic variant rs3791783 A/G in myostatin gene are associated with obesity. The A allele carriers in rs3791783 SNP have an increased susceptibility to obesity compared with the G allele carriers. Participants with AA genotype in rs3791783 SNP site will have higher risk suffered from overweight or obesity than those with GG genotype. PMID: 22209717 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Gene) Gene journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5574842 Sat, 24 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5574842 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5574841&cid=s_35583_50_f&fid=35583&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22209718%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Kiehntopf M, Varga RE, Koch HG, Beetz C Abstract Infantile nephropatic cystinosis is a rare, recessive, and genetically homogeneous disorder impairing renal function. It is caused by mutations in CTNS. Several large copy number aberrations have been identified but, for the majority of these, heterozygous patients and carriers can not easily be identified. We therefore developed a multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification assay targeting eight of the twelve CTNS exons. We show that this assay is valid in detecting known deletions in both the homozygous and heterozygous state. The application to a family previously found mutation-negative by conventional screening revealed a novel large deletion which, as the first of its kind, does not involve the coding region. We c... Gene journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5574841 Sat, 24 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5574841 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5574840&cid=s_35583_50_f&fid=35583&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22209719%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Khan MA, Han Y, Zhao YF, Korban SS Abstract EST data generated from 14 apple genotypes were downloaded from NCBI and mapped against a reference EST assembly to identify Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs). Mapping of these SNPs was undertaken using 90% of sequence similarity and minimum coverage of four reads at each SNP position. In total, 37,807 SNPs were identified with an average of one SNP every 187bp from a total of 6888 unique EST contigs. Identified SNPs were checked for flanking sequences of ≥60bp along both sides of SNP alleles for reliable design of a custom high-throughput genotyping assay. A total of 12,299 SNPs, representing 6525 contigs, fit the selected criterion of ≥60bp sequences flanking a SNP position. Of these, 1411 SNPs were validated using fou... Gene journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5574840 Sat, 24 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5574840 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5574836&cid=s_35583_50_f&fid=35583&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22209984%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: van Dyk E, Pretorius PJ Abstract The autosomal recessive disorder, hereditary tyrosinemia type 1 (HT1), is caused by a defective fumarylacetoacetate hydrolase enzyme. Consequently intermediate metabolites such as fumarylacetoacetate, succinylacetone and p-hydroxyphenylpyruvic acid accumulate. Characteristic to HT1 is the development of hepatocellular carcinoma, irrespective of dietary intervention or pharmacological treatment. Carcinogenesis may occur through a chromosomal instability mutator phenotype or a microsatellite instability phenotype, and deficient DNA repair may be a contributing factor thereof. The purpose of this study was to investigate the expression of DNA repair proteins, and the possible occurrence of microsatellite instability in HT1. Gene expression ana... Gene journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5574836 Fri, 23 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5574836 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5574839&cid=s_35583_50_f&fid=35583&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22209720%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Yin H, Zhi Y, Jiang H, Wang P, Yin X, Zhang D Abstract The complete nucleotide sequence of the mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) of Gomphocerus tibetanus Uvarov, 1935 (Orthoptera: Acrididae: Gomphocerinae) was determined. It is 15,571bp in length and contains 74.8% A+T. All Gomphocerus tibetanus protein-coding sequences start with a typical ATN codon. The usual termination codons (TAA and TAG) were found from 13 PCGs except COI and COII which took incomplete codon T as termination codons. All tRNA genes could be folded into the typical cloverleaf secondary structure, except tRNA(Ser(AGN)) lacking of dihydrouridine (D) arm. The sizes of the large and small ribosomal RNA genes are 1313 and 822bp, respectively. The A+T content of the A+T-rich region is 82.3%. A preliminary an... Gene journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5574839 Thu, 22 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5574839 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5574838&cid=s_35583_50_f&fid=35583&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22209962%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Ling LZ Abstract The variation of key regulatory elements contributes to phenotypic diversity by altering the mechanism of gene regulation and selection operates more efficiently on them during evolution. Recently discovered microRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenous posttranscriptional repressors and play essential roles in diverse biological processes. Although genome-wide studies in animals and plants have identified candidate regions under selection, few attempts have been made, from the point of a biological process (e.g. plant flower development), to describe the regimes of selection on miRNA-associated motifs. Here I investigated the variation patterns of miRNA target sequences and characterized selection mechanisms by resequencing 31 miRNA targets involved in flower develop... Gene journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5574838 Thu, 22 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5574838 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5574837&cid=s_35583_50_f&fid=35583&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22209983%26dopt%3DAbstract This study is first of its kind to study association of LH β-subunit gene variants with PCOS among South-Indian women. 250 PCOS cases and 299 controls were recruited for the study. All the exons of LH β gene were screened. Allele and genotype frequencies of the SNPs were compared between the cases and controls. We identified seven SNPs in the LH β gene; one SNP in exon 3 (rs#1056917) exhibited significant difference in the allele frequency between the PCOS cases and controls (p=0.015). Although, the LH β variants that are found to be more frequent among PCOS cases are silent in nature and not of any functional significance, they might influence other significant functional polymorphisms in the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis which needs to be explored. PMID: 22209983 [PubMed - ... Gene journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5574837 Tue, 20 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5574837 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5557585&cid=s_35583_50_f&fid=35583&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22200568%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Kim HJ, Triplett BA, Zhang HB, Lee MK, Hinchliffe DJ, Li P, Fang DD Abstract Cellulose synthase catalytic subunits (CesAs) are the catalytic sites within a multisubunit complex for cellulose biosynthesis in plants. CesAs have been extensively studied in diploid plants, but are not well characterized in polyploid plants. Gossypium hirsutum is an allotetraploid cotton species producing over 90% of the world's cotton fibers. Although G. hirsutum CesAs (GhCesAs) are responsible for cellulose production in cotton fiber, very limited numbers of GhCesA genes have been identified. Here, we report isolating and characterizing a pair of homeologous CesA2 genes and their full-length cDNAs from allotetraploid cotton. The GhCesA2-A(T) gene from the A-subgenome and GhCesA2-D(T) gene fro... Gene journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5557585 Tue, 20 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5557585 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5557584&cid=s_35583_50_f&fid=35583&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22202639%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Murphy SK, Adigun A, Huang Z, Overcash F, Wang F, Jirtle RL, Schildkraut JS, Murtha AP, Iversen ES, Hoyo C Abstract Epigenetic alterations may mechanistically explain the developmental origins of adult disease, namely the hypothesis that many complex adult chronic diseases originate as a result of conditions encountered in utero. If true, epigenetically regulated imprinted genes, critical to normal growth and development, may partially mediate these outcomes. We determine the influence of in utero exposure to cigarette smoking on methylation at two differentially methylated regions (DMRs) regulating Insulin-like Growth Factor 2 (IGF2) and H19, and how this might relate to birth weight of infants born to 418 pregnant women. Smoking status was ascertained through self-report... Gene journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5557584 Tue, 20 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5557584 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5557583&cid=s_35583_50_f&fid=35583&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22207032%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that rs2943634 is associated with IS risk and with plasma levels of HDL-cholesterol and adiponectin in this German population. Further investigations are needed to confirm these results and to clarify the mechanisms underlying the association. PMID: 22207032 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Gene) Gene journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5557583 Tue, 20 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5557583 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5557582&cid=s_35583_50_f&fid=35583&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22207033%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Feng H, Reece-Hoyes JS, Walhout AJ, Hope IA Abstract Homeobox proteins are critical regulators of developmental gene transcription and cell specification. Many insights into transcriptional regulation have been gained from studies in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. We investigated the expression and regulation of the C. elegans homeobox gene ceh-63, which encodes a single-homeodomain transcription factor of 152 amino acids. ceh-63 is expressed in the interneuron DVC in both sexes, from late embryogenesis through adulthood, and two pairs of uterine cells in reproductive hermaphrodites only. A reporter gene fusion, encoding GFP fused to the full-length CEH-63, also drove weak inconsistent expression in additional unidentified cells in the head and tail. A potential ceh-... Gene journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5557582 Mon, 19 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5557582 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5543657&cid=s_35583_50_f&fid=35583&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22197657%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Takahashi J, Takagi M, Okihana Y, Takeo K, Ueda T, Touhata K, Maegawa S, Toyohara H Abstract During shell formation, little is known about the functions of organic matrices, especially about the biomineralization of shell prismatic layer. We identified a novel gene, shelk2, from the Pacific oyster presumed to be involved in the shell biosynthesis. The Pacific oyster has multiple copies of shelk2. Shelk2 mRNA is specifically expressed on the mantle edge and is induced during shell regeneration, thereby suggesting that Shelk2 is involved in shell biosynthesis. To our surprise, the database search revealed that it encodes a spider silk-like alanine-rich protein. Interestingly, most of the Shelk2 primary structure is composed of two kinds of poly-alanine motifs-GXNA(n)(S) and ... Gene journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5543657 Mon, 19 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5543657 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5543659&cid=s_35583_50_f&fid=35583&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22197655%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Abe H, Watanabe Y, Inoue-Murayama M Abstract Arginine vasotocin (AVT) is a neurohypophysial hormone that plays an essential role in various social behaviours. We investigated the degree of polymorphisms in the C-terminal domain of the AVT V2-type receptor (AVT2R) among avian species to determine the mechanism by which genetic polymorphisms in the neuropeptide receptor may contribute to different levels of signal transduction. In passerine birds, AVT2R was characterised by 2 variable regions, both of which were managed by insertion/deletion (indel); however, indels were rarely found in other avian taxa. The presence or absence of deletions in passerines largely affected the properties of the predicted palmitoylation sites at the proximal part of the C-terminal tail. Moreove... Gene journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5543659 Sat, 17 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5543659 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5543660&cid=s_35583_50_f&fid=35583&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22197654%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSION: Our findings show a relation between the short allele of D8S1743 in all related haplotype frequencies of subjects with metabolic syndrome. These findings may require more studies of some candidate genes, including the lipoprotein lipase gene, in this chromosomal region. PMID: 22197654 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Gene) Gene journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5543660 Fri, 16 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5543660 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5543658&cid=s_35583_50_f&fid=35583&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22197656%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Rahim MH, Ismail P, Alias R, Muhamad N, Mat Jais AM Abstract Haruan (Channa striatus) is in great demand in the Malaysian domestic fish market. In the present study, mtDNA cyt b was used to investigate genetic variation of C. striatus among populations in Peninsular Malaysia. The overall population of C. striatus demonstrated a high level of haplotype diversity (h) and a low-to-moderate level of nucleotide diversity (π). Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) results showed a significantly different genetic differentiation among 6 populations (F(ST)=0.37566, P=0.01). Gene flow (Nm) was high and ranged from 0.32469 to infinity (∞). No significant relationship between genetic distance and geographic distance was detected. A UPGMA tree based on the distance matrix of net i... Gene journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5543658 Fri, 16 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5543658 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5543656&cid=s_35583_50_f&fid=35583&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22197658%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Kuzuwa S, Yokoi KJ, Kondo M, Kimoto H, Yamakawa A, Taketo A, Kodaira KI Abstract Though some genetic features of lactobacillar fructan hydrolases were elucidated, information about their enzymology or mutational analyses were scarce. Lactobacillus casei IAM1045 exhibits extracellular activity degrading inulin. After partial purification of the inulin-degrading protein from the spent culture medium, several fragments were obtained by protease digestion. Based on their partial amino-acid sequences, oligonucleotide primers were designed, and its structural gene (levH1) was determined using the gene library constructed in the E. coli system. The levH1 gene encoded a protein (designated as LevH1), of which calculated molecular mass and pI were 138.8-kDa and 4.66, respectively. ... Gene journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5543656 Fri, 16 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5543656 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5543655&cid=s_35583_50_f&fid=35583&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22197659%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Gai S, Zhang Y, Mu P, Liu C, Liu S, Dong L, Zheng G Abstract Tree peony (Paeonia suffruticosa Andrews) is a well-known horticultural and medicinal plant. The flower buds must go through a period of endo-dormancy before bud sprouting in winter, but very little information concerned with dormancy release is available. We obtained 625,342 sequencing reads with massive parallel pyrosequencing on the Roche 454 GS FLX platform (mean length: 358.1bp). De novo assemblies yielded 23,652 contigs and singletons. 15,284 contigs longer than 300bp were further annotated, among them 12,345 ESTs showed significant similarity with sequences present in public databases (with an E-value <1e-10). 484 putative transcription factors were obtained. In addition, 2253 potential Simple Sequence ... Gene journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5543655 Fri, 16 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5543655 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5372928&cid=s_35583_50_f&fid=35583&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21986036%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Hughes AL, Piontkivska H Abstract Phylogenetic analysis of avian and other vertebrate fatty acid binding proteins (FABPs) supported the hypothesis that several gene duplications within this family occurred prior to the most recent common ancestor (MRCA) of tetrapods and bony fishes. The chicken genome encodes two liver-expressed FABPs: (1) L-FABP or FABP1; and (2) Lb-FABP. We propose that the latter be designated FABP10, because in our phylogenetic analysis it clustered with zebrafish FABP10. Bioinformatic analysis of across-tissue gene expression patterns in the chicken showed some congruence with phylogenetic relationships. On the basis of expression, chicken FABP genes seemed to form two major groups: (1) a cluster of genes many of which showed predominant expression in... Gene journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5372928 Fri, 04 Nov 2011 15:07:03 +0100 5372928 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5372927&cid=s_35583_50_f&fid=35583&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21989483%26dopt%3DAbstract We present a prenatal diagnosis of a rare de novo centromeric chromosome 6 variant. Cytogenetic and molecular techniques were used to characterize this variant and confirm the de novo nature of this event. This case illustrates the importance of reporting unusual variant chromosomes for genetic counseling and for determination of the frequency of variant chromosomes in the general population. PMID: 21989483 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Gene) Gene journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5372927 Fri, 04 Nov 2011 15:06:05 +0100 5372927 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5293180&cid=s_35583_50_f&fid=35583&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21971078%26dopt%3DAbstract This study also identifies GABRA3 and GABBR2 as potential biomarkers to select migraineurs that may be more responsive to GABA agonists with future investigations in this area warranted. PMID: 21971078 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Gene) Gene journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5293180 Sat, 24 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5293180 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5293186&cid=s_35583_50_f&fid=35583&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21963443%26dopt%3DAbstract This study presents a first report of Woodhouse-Sakati syndrome identified in Pakistani population. PMID: 21963443 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Gene) Gene journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5293186 Thu, 22 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5293186 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5293185&cid=s_35583_50_f&fid=35583&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21963444%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, we have evaluated a gene therapy approach using a helper-dependent canine adenovirus vector that expresses human SGSH as a means of delivering sustained transgene expression to the brain. Initial testing in a mixed neural cell culture model demonstrated that the vector could significantly increase SGSH activity in transduced cells, resulting in near-normalization of heparan sulfate-derived fragments. While administration of vector by direct injection into the brain of adult MPS-IIIA mice enabled transgene expression for at least 8.5months post-treatment, it was only in discrete areas of brain. Heparan sulfate storage was reduced in some regions following treatment, however there was no improvement in secondary neuropathological changes. These data demonstrate that helper-dep... Gene journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5293185 Thu, 22 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5293185 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5293183&cid=s_35583_50_f&fid=35583&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21963446%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Moreland RJ, Higgins S, Zhou A, Vanstraten P, Cauthron RD, Brem M, McLarty BJ, Kudo M, Canfield WM Abstract Acid α-glucosidase (GAA) is a lysosomal enzyme that hydrolyzes glycogen to glucose. Deficiency of GAA causes Pompe disease. Mammalian GAA is synthesized as a precursor of ~110,000Da that is N-glycosylated and targeted to the lysosome via the M6P receptors. In the lysosome, human GAA is sequentially processed by proteases to polypeptides of 76-, 19.4-, and 3.9-kDa that remain associated. Further cleavage between R(200) and A(204) inefficiently converts the 76-kDa polypeptide to the mature 70-kDa form with an additional 10.4-kDa polypeptide. GAA maturation increases its affinity for glycogen by 7-10 fold. In contrast to human GAA, processing of bovine and hamster GAA ... Gene journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5293183 Thu, 22 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5293183 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5293182&cid=s_35583_50_f&fid=35583&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21963995%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Yamada A, Koyanagi KO, Watanabe H Abstract Brachyury, a member of the T-box transcription family, has been suggested to be essential for morphogenetic movements in various processes of animal development. However, little is known about its critical transcriptional targets. In order to identify targets of Brachyury and understand the molecular mechanisms underlying morphogenetic movements, we first searched the genome sequence of Xenopus tropicalis, the only amphibian genomic sequence available, for Brachyury-binding sequences known as T-half sites, and then screened for the ones conserved between vertebrate genomes. We found three genes that have evolutionarily conserved T-half sites in the promoter regions and examined these genes experimentally to determine whether their... Gene journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5293182 Thu, 22 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5293182 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5293181&cid=s_35583_50_f&fid=35583&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21963996%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Kumar M, Verma V, Nagpal R, Kumar A, Gautam SK, Behare PV, Grover CR, Aggarwal PK Abstract The aim of this study was to investigate the chemopreventive effect of probiotic fermented milk and chlorophyllin on aflatoxin B(1) (AFB(1)) induced hepatocellular carcinoma. In vivo trials were conducted on 200 Wistar rats allocated to eight groups. Rats in the positive control group were given intraperitoneal injection of aflatoxin B(1) at 450μg/kg body weight twice a week for 6weeks. The rats were sacrificed and dissected at the 25th week of the experiment, and comet assay was carried out in hepatic cells to assess the genotoxicity or DNA damage. The tumour incidence was decreased by approximately one-third than the AFB(1) control group. The expression of c-myc bax, bcl-2, cyclin... Gene journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5293181 Thu, 22 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5293181 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5293187&cid=s_35583_50_f&fid=35583&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21963386%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Glait-Santar C, Benayahu D Abstract SVEP1 gene encodes a cell adhesion molecule (CAM) that was previously shown to be expressed by cells related to skeletal tissues. Here we focus on SVEP1 expression regulation in pre-osteoblastic MBA-15 and mammary adenocarcinoma DA3 cells. We show that SVEP1 message and protein are highly expressed by MBA-15 when compared with DA3 cells. DNA methylation of CpGs sites is an epigenetic mechanism associated with gene silencing. Therefore, we analyzed the methylation status of a region potentially harbors SVEP1 promoter and further activity alterations induced by estrogen (17βE(2)) and TNFα. We also mapped in silico the transcription binding sites namely TFIIB, NF-κB, ERE, AP1 and Sp1 at the putative promoter. Treatments with demethylatio... Gene journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5293187 Wed, 21 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5293187 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5293184&cid=s_35583_50_f&fid=35583&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21963445%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Cawthorn DM, Steinman HA, Witthuhn RC Abstract The development of DNA-based methods for the identification of fish species is important for fisheries research and control, as well as for the detection of unintentional or fraudulent species substitutions in the marketplace. The aim of this study was to generate a comprehensive reference database of DNA sequences from the mitochondrial 16S and 12S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes for 53 commercial fish species in South Africa and to evaluate the applicability of these genetic markers for the identification of fish at the species level. The DNA extracted from all target species was readily amplified using universal primers targeting both rRNA gene regions. Sequences from the 16S and 12S rRNA genes were submitted to GenBank for the ... Gene journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5293184 Wed, 21 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5293184 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5272301&cid=s_35583_50_f&fid=35583&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21959051%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Changey F, Devers-Lamrani M, Rouard N, Martin-Laurent F Abstract The adaptation of microorganisms to pesticide biodegradation relies on the recruitment of catabolic genes by horizontal gene transfer and homologous recombination mediated by insertion sequences (IS). This environment-friendly function is maintained in the degrading population but it has a cost which could diminish its fitness. The loss of genes in the course of evolution being a major mechanism of ecological specialization, we mimicked evolution in vitro by sub-culturing the atrazine-degrading Pseudomonas sp. ADP in a liquid medium containing cyanuric acid as the sole source of nitrogen. After 120 generations, a new population evolved, which replaced the original one. This new population grew faster on cyanu... Gene journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5272301 Sun, 18 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5272301 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5272306&cid=s_35583_50_f&fid=35583&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21939744%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Mishra KK, Mendonca M, Aroonnual A, Burkholder KM, Bhunia AK Abstract The translocation of proteins across the bacterial cell wall is carried out by the general secretory (Sec) system. Most bacteria have a single copy of the secA gene, with the exception of a few Gram-positive bacteria, which have an additional copy of secA, designated secA2. secA2 is present in Listeria monocytogenes and is responsible for secretion and translocation of several proteins including virulence factors; however, little is known about the secA2 gene and its genetic organization in nonpathogenic members of the genus Listeria. The goal of this study was to determine the presence of secA2 locus and analyze the genetic relatedness among pathogenic and nonpathogenic Listeria species. Cloning experim... Gene journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5272306 Sat, 17 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5272306 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5272302&cid=s_35583_50_f&fid=35583&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21951340%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Hofman S, Pabijan M, Dziewulska-Szwajkowska D, Szymura JM Abstract Natural transfer of mitochondrial DNA has occurred between three western Palaearctic waterfrog taxa: Pelophylax lessonae, Pelophylaxridibundus and their hybridogenetic hybrid, Pelophylax kl. esculentus. The transfer is asymmetric with most P. kl. esculentus and approximately one third of all central European P. ridibundus having mtDNA derived from P. lessonae (L-mtDNA). We obtained complete nucleotide sequences of multiple mitochondrial genomes (15,376-78bp without control regions) from all 3 taxa, including a P. ridibundus frog with introgressed L-mtDNA. The gene content and organization of the mitogenomes correspond to those typical of neobatrachians. Divergence between the mtDNAs of P. lessonae and P. ri... Gene journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5272302 Sat, 17 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5272302 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5272304&cid=s_35583_50_f&fid=35583&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21945688%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: He J, Wang Q, Ye J, Hu X, Li N Abstract The polycystic kidney disease 1 (PKD1) gene, which accounts for ~85% of human autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) cases, has been extensively studied in human and mouse. Much information about the pathogenesis of and treatments for ADPKD has been gained from the use of mouse models. However, because mouse models pose some limitations, further studies in other model systems are needed to investigate the biological basis of ADPKD. The pig is regarded as an important biomedical model. Thus, we isolated a pig PKD1 homolog and characterized its cDNA sequence, genomic structure, expression profile, alternative splicing, methylation status, protein characteristics, and immunohistochemical features in both neonatal and adult... Gene journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5272304 Fri, 16 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5272304 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5272303&cid=s_35583_50_f&fid=35583&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21945690%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Koho NM, Mykkänen AK, Reeben M, Raekallio MR, Ilves M, Pösö AR Abstract MCT1-CD147 complex is the prime lactate transporter in mammalian plasma membranes. In equine red blood cells (RBCs), activity of the complex and expression of MCT1 and CD147 is bimodal; high in 70% and low in 30%. We studied whether sequence variations contribute to the bimodal expression of MCT1 and CD147. Samples of blood and cremaster muscle were collected in connection of castration from 24 horses. Additional gluteus muscle samples were collected from 15 Standardbreds of which seven were known to express low amounts of CD147 in RBCs. The cDNA of MCT1 and CD147 together with a promoter region of CD147 was sequenced. The amounts of MCT1 and CD147 expressed in RBC and muscle membranes were measured... Gene journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5272303 Fri, 16 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5272303 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5272307&cid=s_35583_50_f&fid=35583&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21939743%26dopt%3DAbstract This study was conducted in Turkish patients with polycystic ovary syndrome to determine the frequency of I/D polymorphism genotypes of angiotensin converting enzyme gene, and to examine the role of this polymorphism in polycystic ovary syndrome development. Genomic DNA obtained from 200 persons (100 patients with polycystic ovary syndrome and 100 healthy controls) was used in the study. DNA was multiplied by polymerase chain reaction using I and D allele-specific primers. Polymerase chain reaction products were assessed with a charge coupled device (CCD) camera by being exposed to 2% agarose gel electrophoresis. There was statistically significant difference between the groups with respect to genotype distribution (p<0.001). The D allele frequency was indicated as 68% and I allele was ... Gene journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5272307 Mon, 12 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5272307 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5272305&cid=s_35583_50_f&fid=35583&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21939745%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Jung YD, Huh JW, Kim DS, Kim YJ, Ahn K, Ha HS, Lee JR, Yi JM, Moon JW, Kim TO, Song GA, Han K, Kim HS Abstract Choroideremia (CHM) is essential for the posttranslational activation of retina-specific Rab protein. Transcript variants (a and b) of the CHM gene were detected in human cancer cells and tissues. Sequence analysis of the both variants found that isoform b is caused by an LTR12C element offering an alternative splicing site within the CHM gene. We performed real-time RT-PCR analysis to study expression levels of the CHM transcript variants in tumor and adjacent normal tissue samples. Our results showed that CHM isoform b was highly expressed in tumor tissues but its expression levels were relatively low in those of adjacent normal tissues including colon, testis, ... Gene journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5272305 Mon, 12 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5272305 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5237986&cid=s_35583_50_f&fid=35583&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21924330%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, we predicted two potential genomic islands in M.tb genome, respectively named as GI-1 and GI-2. It is indicated that the genes belong to PE_PGRS family in GI-1 and genes involved in sulfolipid-1 (SL-1) synthesis in GI-2 are strongly associated with M.tb pathogenesis. Sequence analysis revealed that the five PGRS genes are more polymorphic than other PGRS members in full virulence M.tb complex strains at significance level 0.01 but not in attenuated strains. Expression analysis of microarrays collected from literatures displayed that GI-1 genes, especially Rv3508 might be correlated with the response to the inhibition of aerobic respiration. Microarray analysis also showed that SL-1 cluster genes are drastically down-expressed in attenuated strains relative to full virulence ... Gene journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5237986 Thu, 08 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5237986 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5237983&cid=s_35583_50_f&fid=35583&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21925247%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Hapala J, Trifonov EN Abstract High resolution sequence-directed nucleosome mapping is applied to 36,000 sequences containing splice junctions, from five different species. As it has been also shown in previous studies, the junctions are found to be preferentially located within nucleosomes. Moreover, the orientation of guanine residues at the GT- and AG-ends of introns within the nucleosomes is such that the guanines are positioned nearest to the surface of histone octamers, 3 and 4 bases upstream from the local DNA pseudo-dyads passing through minor grooves oriented outwards. Since the guanine residues are the most vulnerable to spontaneous damage within the cell (primarily, depurination and oxidation) such positioning of the splice junctions minimizes the damage that is... Gene journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5237983 Thu, 08 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5237983 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5237982&cid=s_35583_50_f&fid=35583&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21925248%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, we demonstrate that three arginine-rich CPPs (SR9, HR9 and PR9) can form stable complexes with plasmid DNA at the optimized nitrogen/phosphate ratio of 3 and deliver plasmid DNA into Paramecium caudatum in a noncovalent manner. Accordingly, the transported plasmid encoding the green fluorescent protein (GFP) gene could be expressed in cells functionally assayed at both the protein and DNA levels. The efficiency of gene delivery varied among these CPPs in the order of HR9>PR9>SR9. In addition, these CPPs and CPP/DNA complexes were not cytotoxic in Paramecium detected by the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diohenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Thus, these results suggest that the functionality of arginine-rich CPPs offers an efficient and safe tool for transgenesis i... Gene journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5237982 Thu, 08 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5237982 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5237981&cid=s_35583_50_f&fid=35583&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21925577%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Gharib AF, Karam RA, Pasha HF, Radwan MI, Elsawy WH Abstract Hereditary hemochromatosis and alpha-1antitrypsin deficiency are genetic diseases characterized by endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress with subsequent development of liver disease. Our aim was to estimate the frequency of hemochromatosis gene (HFE) mutant alleles (C282Y and H63D) and alpha-1 antitrypsin S/Z variants among Egyptian HCV cirrhotic patients and in hepatocellular carcinoma patients and to evaluate their effects on disease progression. HFE and alpha-1 antitrypsin polymorphisms were characterized in 200 Egyptian patients with HCV infection (100 patients complicated with cirrhosis, 100 patients with HCC) and 100 healthy subjects who had no history of any malignancy. The frequencies of HD genotype of H63D m... Gene journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5237981 Thu, 08 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5237981 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5237985&cid=s_35583_50_f&fid=35583&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21924331%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Xiao L, Kamau E, Donze D, Grove A Abstract Expression of ribosomal proteins is controlled by the Target of Rapamycin (TOR) kinase. The Saccharomyces cerevisiae Forkhead-like transcription factor Fhl1 is important for this regulation, and its localization to ribosomal protein gene promoters requires the high mobility group protein HMO1. We show here that HMO1 expression is similarly controlled by TOR signaling. Reporter constructs in which lacZ is under control of the HMO1 promoter show that HMO1 promoter activity is repressed on inactivation of TOR and that HMO1 is required for this repression. Chromatin immunoprecipitation shows that Fhl1 localizes to the HMO1 promoter in an HMO1-dependent fashion and that it centers on a predicted Fhl1 site, and removal of the Fhl1 site ... Gene journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5237985 Mon, 05 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5237985 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5237984&cid=s_35583_50_f&fid=35583&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21925246%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSIONS: Semaphorins and their receptors, the plexins, have been implicated in numerous aspects of neural development, however their expression in many other epithelial tissues suggests that the semaphorin-plexin signalling system also contributes to blood vessel growth and development. These findings warrant further investigation of the role of semaphorins and plexins and their role in normal and tumour-induced angiogenesis in vivo and in vitro. This may represent a new front of attack in anti-angiogenic therapies of breast and other cancers. PMID: 21925246 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Gene) Gene journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5237984 Fri, 02 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5237984 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5224405&cid=s_35583_50_f&fid=35583&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21914463%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Bosotti R, Carpinelli P, Healy S, Locatelli G, Cappella P, Lanfrancone L, Calogero R, Moll J, Isacchi A Abstract Aurora kinases represent an appealing target for anticancer therapies and several Aurora inhibitors are in clinical development, including the potent pan-Aurora inhibitor Danusertib. Treatment with Aurora inhibitors has been shown to induce diverse biological responses in different tumor cells, in part depending on TP53 status. To characterize the effects of Danusertib at the transcriptional level we carried out gene expression profiling of wt and TP53 mutant tumor cells showing differential cell cycle response upon drug treatment. We found that treatment with Danusertib induces a strong transcriptional response only in TP53 wt cells, with an overlapping pattern... Gene journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5224405 Fri, 02 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5224405 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5224404&cid=s_35583_50_f&fid=35583&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21914464%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Louhichi A, Fourati A, Rebaï A Abstract Intronless genes (IGs) fraction varies between 2.7 and 97.7% in eukaryotic genomes. Although many databases on exons and introns exist, there was no curated database for such genes which allowed their study in a concerted manner. Such a database would be useful to identify the functional features and the distribution of these genes across the genome. Here, a new database of IGs in eukaryotes based on GenBank data was described. This database, called IGD (Intronless Gene Database), is a collection of gene sequences that were annotated and curated. The current version of IGD contains 687 human intronless genes with their protein and CDS sequences. Some features of the entries are given in this paper. Data was extracted from GenBank re... Gene journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5224404 Fri, 02 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5224404 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5224403&cid=s_35583_50_f&fid=35583&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21914465%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Lampidonis AD, Theodorou G, Pecorini C, Rebucci R, Baldi A, Politis I Abstract The activation of plasminogen plays a crucial role in various extracellular proteolytic events (fibrinolysis, cell migration, ovulation and involution of the mammary gland). In the present study we describe the isolation of the 5' proximal and distal promoter regions of ovine PLAU (urokinase plasminogen activator, u-PA) and SERPIN1 (plasminogen activator inhibitor 1, PAI-1) genes for the first time in ruminants. Analysis of the 5.645kb 5'-flanking region of u-PA revealed a putative TATA-less promoter. In contrast the isolated 2.787kb 5'-flanking region of PAI-1 included a TATA-box. It should be noted that both genes lack the initiator motif around the transcription start site. The two genes shar... Gene journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5224403 Fri, 02 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5224403 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5224402&cid=s_35583_50_f&fid=35583&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21914466%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Otake S, Endo D, Park MK Abstract Zing finger AN1-type domain 3 (ZFAND3), also known as testis expressed sequence 27 (Tex27), is a gene found in the mouse testis, but its physiological function is unknown. We identified the full-length sequences of two isoforms (short and long) of ZFAND3 cDNA from Japanese quail and leopard gecko. This is the first cloning of avian and reptilian ZFAND3 cDNA. The two isoforms are generated by alternative polyadenylation in the 3'UTR and have the same ORF sequences encoding identical proteins. There were highly conserved regions in the 3'UTR of the long form near the polyadenylation sites from mammals to amphibians, suggesting that the features for determining the stability of mRNA or translation efficiency differ between isoforms. The deduc... Gene journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5224402 Fri, 02 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5224402 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5224401&cid=s_35583_50_f&fid=35583&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21914467%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, our study suggests that we have cloned a novel gene and this gene may play an important role in attachment of the chromophores to the apo-proteins. PMID: 21914467 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Gene) Gene journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5224401 Fri, 02 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5224401 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5224400&cid=s_35583_50_f&fid=35583&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21914468%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, for the first time, digestive enzymes of 4th larval instar of Ae. aegypti were purified and characterized. The knowledge of digestive enzymes present in Ae. aegypti larvae may be helpful in the development of a larvicide. PMID: 21914468 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Gene) Gene journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5224400 Fri, 02 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5224400 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5224399&cid=s_35583_50_f&fid=35583&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21920414%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Li C, Li Y, Xu J, Lv J, Ma Y, Shao T, Gong B, Tan R, Xiao Y, Li X Abstract Detection of the synergetic effects between variants, such as single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), is crucial for understanding the genetic characters of complex diseases. Here, we proposed a two-step approach to detect differentially inherited SNP modules (synergetic SNP units) from a SNP network. First, SNP-SNP interactions are identified based on prior biological knowledge, such as their adjacency on the chromosome or degree of relatedness between the functional relationships of their genes. These interactions form SNP networks. Second, disease-risk SNP modules (or sub-networks) are prioritised by their differentially inherited properties in IBD (Identity by Descent) profiles of affected and u... Gene journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5224399 Fri, 02 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5224399 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5224398&cid=s_35583_50_f&fid=35583&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21920415%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Zhao X, Tan Z, Feng H, Yang R, Li M, Jiang J, Shen G, Yu R Abstract Simple sequence repeats (SSRs) have been extensively used for various genetic and evolutionary studies in eukaryotic and prokaryotic organisms, while few relevant researches have been made in viruses. The Potyvirus is a fine system to study roles and evolution of SSRs in viruses. The densities, relative abundances, compositions and evolutionary inferences of SSRs in 45 different Potyvirus genomes have been analyzed in this study. Results showed that the densities and relative abundances of SSRs are similar in all those Potyvirus genomes. The number of SSRs decreases with an increase in the length of repeat unit. Dinucleotide repeats are the most abundant and followed by trinucleotide repeats, and the numbe... Gene journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5224398 Fri, 02 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5224398 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5214547&cid=s_35583_50_f&fid=35583&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21907770%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Wotton KR, Shimeld SM Abstract In the human genome, members of the FoxC, FoxF, FoxL1, and FoxQ1 gene families are found in two paralagous clusters. One cluster contains the genes FOXQ1, FOXF2, FOXC1 and the second consists of FOXF1, FOXC2, and FOXL1. In jawed vertebrates these genes are known to be expressed in different pharyngeal tissues and all, except FoxQ1, are involved in patterning the early embryonic mesoderm. We have previously traced the evolution of this cluster in the bony vertebrates, and the gene content is identical in the dogfish, a member of the most basally branching lineage of the jawed vertebrates. Here we extend these analyses to jawless vertebrates. Using genomic searches and molecular approaches we have identified homologues of these genes from lampr... Gene journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5214547 Wed, 31 Aug 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5214547 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5214549&cid=s_35583_50_f&fid=35583&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21893173%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Schneider DA Abstract Synthesis of the translation apparatus is a central activity in growing and/or proliferating cells. Because of its fundamental importance and direct connection to cell proliferation, ribosome synthesis has been a focus of ongoing research for several decades. As a consequence, much is known about the essential factors involved in this process. Many studies have shown that transcription of the ribosomal DNA by RNA polymerase I is a major target for cellular regulation of ribosome synthesis rates. The initiation of transcription by RNA polymerase I has been implicated as a regulatory target, however, recent studies suggest that the elongation step in transcription is also influenced and regulated by trans-acting factors. This review describes the factor... Gene journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5214549 Fri, 26 Aug 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5214549 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5214548&cid=s_35583_50_f&fid=35583&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21893174%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Asaduzzaman M, Kinoshita S, Siddique BS, Asakawa S, Watabe S Abstract The myosin heavy chain gene, MYH(M743-2), is highly expressed in fast muscle fibers of torafugu embryos and larvae, suggesting its functional roles for embryonic and larval muscle development. However, the transcriptional regulatory mechanism involved in its expression remained unknown. Here, we analyzed the 2075bp 5'-flanking region of torafugu MYH(M743-2) to examine the spatial and temporal regulation by using transgenic and transient expression techniques in zebrafish embryos. Combining both transient and transgenic analyses, we demonstrated that the 2075bp 5'-flanking sequences was sufficient for its expression in skeletal, craniofacial and pectoral fin muscles. The immunohistochemical observation re... Gene journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5214548 Fri, 26 Aug 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5214548 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5183579&cid=s_35583_50_f&fid=35583&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21884764%26dopt%3DAbstract "Anticipated" nucleosome positioning pattern in prokaryotes. Gene. 2011 Aug 23; Authors: Rapoport AE, Trifonov EN Abstract Linguistic (word count) analysis of prokaryotic genome sequences, by Shannon N-gram extension, reveals that the dominant hidden motifs in A+T rich genomes are T(A)(T)A and G(A)(T)C with uncertain number of repeating A and T. Since prokaryotic sequences are largely protein-coding, the motifs would correspond to amphipathic alpha-helices with alternating lysine and phenylalanine as preferential polar and non-polar residues. The motifs are also known in eukaryotes, as nucleosome positioning patterns. Their existence in prokaryotes as well may serve for binding of histone-like proteins to DNA. In this case the above patterns in prokaryotes may be considered... Gene journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5183579 Mon, 22 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5183579 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5183583&cid=s_35583_50_f&fid=35583&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21872648%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Yamazaki S, Yoshinari S, Kita K, Watanabe YI, Kawarabayasi Y Abstract The acidothermophilic crenarchaeon, Sulfolobus tokodaii strain7, was isolated from a hot spring in Beppu, Kyushu, Japan. Whole genomic data of this microorganism indicated that among 46 putative tRNA genes identified, 24 were interrupted tRNA genes containing an intron. A sequence comparison between the cDNA sequences for unspliced and spliced tRNAs indicated that all predicted tRNAs were expressed and all intron portions were spliced in this microorganism. However, the actual cleavage site in the splicing process was not determined for 13 interrupted tRNAs because of the presence of the same nucleotides at both 5' and 3' border regions of each intron. The cleavage sites for all the introns, which were d... Gene journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5183583 Wed, 17 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5183583 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5170181&cid=s_35583_50_f&fid=35583&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21855615%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Koval AP, Veniaminova NA, Kramerov DA Abstract Many genes of small RNAs and short interspersed elements (SINEs) are transcribed by RNA polymerase III due to an internal promoter that is composed of two boxes (A and B) spaced by 30-45bp. Rodent SINE B1 originated from 7SL RNA, and a 29-bp tandem duplication took place in B1 at an early stage of its evolution. As a result of this duplication, an additional box B (named B') located at a distance of 79-82bp from box A arose in SINE B1. Here we have shown that despite the unusually large distance between boxes A and B', they can form an active promoter. In chinchillas, guinea pigs, and other rodents belonging to clade Ctenohystrica, structure of the B' box was well preserved and closely resembles the canonical B box. One may su... Gene journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5170181 Mon, 08 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5170181 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5133150&cid=s_35583_50_f&fid=35583&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21835232%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, we developed a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) marker for Yunpoong based on analysis of expressed sequence tags (ESTs) in an exon region of the glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) gene. This SNP marker had high specificity to authenticate Yunpoong in twelve different main ginseng cultivars. For application of the molecular marker, a rapid identification method was established based on the NaOH-Tris method and real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in order to ensure more efficiency in the cultivar selection. The biggest feature of the NaOH-Tris method was that it made the extraction of DNA very simple and rapid in young leaf tissues. We only spent 1min to extract DNA and directly used it to do PCR. In this report, the conventional DNA extraction method w... Gene journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5133150 Sun, 07 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5133150 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5133143&cid=s_35583_50_f&fid=35583&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21840382%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, we stably expressed these variants in several cell lines. We found that Sirt3 M1 or M2 could be stably expressed with predominant mitochondrial localization. However, stable expression of Sirt3 M3 protein was consistently at very low levels. Fast proteasomal degradation contributed to the low expression of Sirt3 M3 protein, as proteasome inhibitor treatment increased Sirt3 M3 protein levels in these cells. Sirt3 M3 protein is ubiquitinated and the E3 ubiquitin ligase subunit Skp2 is involved in Sirt3 M3 protein degradation. Additionally, we found Sirt3 M3 protein could be produced from Sirt3 transcripts encoding longer M1 and M2 isoforms. To explore the mechanism underlying the instability of Sirt3 M3 protein, we found that Sirt3 M1 and M2 proteins, but not M3, specifically ... Gene journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5133143 Thu, 04 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5133143 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5133142&cid=s_35583_50_f&fid=35583&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21840383%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Parente TE, Rebelo MF, da-Silva ML, Woodin BR, Goldstone JV, Bisch PM, Paumgartten FJ, Stegeman JJ The Amazon catfish genus Pterygoplichthys (Loricariidae, Siluriformes) is closely related to the loricariid genus Hypostomus, in which at least two species lack detectable ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD) activity, typically catalyzed by cytochrome P450 1 (CYP1) enzymes. Pterygoplichthys sp. liver microsomes also lacked EROD, as well as activity with other substituted resorufins, but aryl hydrocarbon receptor agonists induced hepatic CYP1A mRNA and protein suggesting structural/functional differences in Pterygoplichthys CYP1s from those in other vertebrates. Comparing the sequences of CYP1As of Pterygoplichthys sp. and of two phylogenetically related siluriform species that do... Gene journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5133142 Thu, 04 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5133142 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5133145&cid=s_35583_50_f&fid=35583&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21839814%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study we demonstrate that the ability of the human POSTN promoter to drive transcription mostly depends on the activity of YingYang-1 (YY1) zinc finger transcription factor. YY1, whose regulatory role in biology includes, besides transcriptional control, also chromatin remodeling, DNA damage repair and tumorigenesis, acts as a strong negative modulator of the POSTN expression. We retain that the identification of the functional role of YY1 in the transcriptional control of the human POSTN gene adds new insights in the studies focused on gene expression in normal and transformed cells. PMID: 21839814 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Gene) Gene journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5133145 Tue, 02 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5133145 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5133144&cid=s_35583_50_f&fid=35583&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21839815%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Li X, Wu HX, Southerton SG Trees usually produce wood with distinct properties at different developmental stages. Juvenile wood (JW) formed in younger trees has poorer properties than mature wood (MW) formed in later years. We used cDNA microarrays to compare the xylem transcriptomes of Pinus radiata trees synthesising JW and MW respectively. JW and MW formation involved considerable transcriptome flux, with the greatest change occurring in spring (19.3%) compared to autumn (9.2%). We identified 147 candidate genes in response to wood maturation, of which 34.0% were implicated in cell wall formation and 19.7% were functional unknowns. Majority of the candidate genes were identified from MW and JW in spring (127) with fewer genes in autumn (30). Many genes involved in secondary... Gene journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5133144 Tue, 02 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5133144 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5133149&cid=s_35583_50_f&fid=35583&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21839152%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSION: More studies on larger number of samples are required to further evaluate role of RANTES in pathogenesis of CAD. PMID: 21839152 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Gene) Gene journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5133149 Mon, 01 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5133149 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5133148&cid=s_35583_50_f&fid=35583&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21839153%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSIONS: Our data suggest that GSTM1 and GSTT1 status may not influence the risk of developing gastric cancer. PMID: 21839153 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Gene) Gene journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5133148 Mon, 01 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5133148 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5133146&cid=s_35583_50_f&fid=35583&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21839155%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, the liver is one of the main ACC1 producing tissues in grass carp and ACC1 gene was highly homologous to that of mammals. PMID: 21839155 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Gene) Gene journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5133146 Mon, 01 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5133146 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5133152&cid=s_35583_50_f&fid=35583&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21827840%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Dupont PY, Stepien G Computational phylogenetic analysis coupled to promoter sequence alignment was used to understand mechanisms of transcriptional regulation and to identify potentially coregulated genes. Our strategy was validated on the human ANT4 gene which encodes the fourth isoform of the mitochondrial adenine nucleotide translocator specifically expressed during spermatogenesis. The movement of sperm flagella is driven mainly by ATP generated by glycolytic pathways, and the specific induction of the mitochondrial ANT4 protein presented an interesting puzzle. We analysed the sequences of the promoters, introns and exons of 30 mammalian ANT4 genes and constructed regulatory models. The whole human genome and promoter database were screened for genes that were potentially... Gene journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5133152 Sat, 30 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5133152 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5133147&cid=s_35583_50_f&fid=35583&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21839154%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Choe CY, Kim H, Dong J, van Wijnen AJ, Law PY, Loh HH The mu opioid receptor (MOR) is the principle molecular target of opioid analgesics. The polypyrimidine/polypurine (PPy/u) motif enhances the activity of the MOR gene promoter by adopting a non-B DNA conformation. Here, we report that the PPy/u motif regulates the processivity of torsional stress, which is important for endogenous MOR gene expression. Analysis by topoisomerase assays, S1 nuclease digests, and atomic force microscopy showed that, unlike homologous PPy/u motifs, the position- and orientation-induced structural strains to the mouse PPy/u element affect its ability to perturb the relaxation activity of topoisomerase, resulting in polypurine strand-nicked and catenated DNA conformations. Raman spectrum microscop... Gene journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5133147 Sat, 30 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5133147 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5133153&cid=s_35583_50_f&fid=35583&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21827838%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Ma K, Feng J, Lin J, Li J The complete mitochondrial (mt) genome sequence plays an important role in the accurate determination of phylogenetic relationships among metazoans. Herein, we determined the complete mt genome sequence, structure and organization of Macrobrachium nipponense (M. nipponense) (GenBank ID: NC_015073.1) and compared it to that of Macrobrachium lanchesteri (M. lanchesteri) and Macrobrachium rosenbergii (M. rosenbergii). The 15,806 base pair (bp) M. nipponense mt genome, which is comprised of 37 genes, including 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 22 transfer RNAs (tRNAs) and 2 ribosomal RNAs (rRNAs), is slightly larger than that of M. lanchesteri (15,694bp, GenBank ID: NC_012217.1) and M. rosenbergii (15,772bp, GenBank ID: NC_006880.1). The M. nipponense genom... Gene journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5133153 Fri, 29 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5133153 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5133151&cid=s_35583_50_f&fid=35583&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21835231%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Wang H, Wu J, Sun S, Liu B, Cheng F, Sun R, Wang X Glucosinolates (GS) are a group of amino acid-derived secondary metabolites found throughout the Cruciferae family. Glucosinolates and their degradation products play important roles in pathogen and insect interactions, as well as in human health. In order to elucidate the glucosinolate biosynthetic pathway in Brassica rapa, we conducted comparative genomic analyses of Arabidopsis thaliana and B. rapa on a genome-wide level. We identified 102 putative genes in B. rapa as the orthologs of 52 GS genes in A. thaliana. All but one gene was successfully mapped on 10 chromosomes. Most GS genes exist in more than one copy in B. rapa. A high co-linearity in the glucosinolate biosynthetic pathway between A. thaliana and B. rapa was als... Gene journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5133151 Fri, 29 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5133151 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5133154&cid=s_35583_50_f&fid=35583&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21824509%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Duhagon MA, Smircich P, Forteza D, Naya H, Williams N, Garat B The protozoans Trypanosoma cruzi, Trypanosoma brucei and Leishmania major (Tritryps), are evolutionarily ancient eukaryotes which cause worldwide human parasitosis. They present unique biological features. Indeed, canonical DNA/RNA cis-acting elements remain mostly elusive. Repetitive sequences, originally considered as selfish DNA, have been lately recognized as potentially important functional sequence elements in cell biology. In particular, the dinucleotide patterns have been related to genome compartmentalization, gene evolution and gene expression regulation. Thus, we perform a comparative analysis of the occurrence, length and location of dinucleotide repeats (DRs) in the Tritryp genomes and their putative a... Gene journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5133154 Wed, 27 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5133154 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5086641&cid=s_35583_50_f&fid=35583&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21803130%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSION: Both PONase and AREase activities are lower in patients and this could lead to increased lipid peroxidation and accelerated atherosclerosis in them. PONase activity, but not AREase activity is influenced by PON1 polymorphisms. QR, RR, GC, CC genotypes and L-C-A-R-G, L-T-A-R-G, L-T-G-Q-C haplotypes are commoner in diabetics as compared to controls and may be related to genetic susceptibility to type 2 diabetes. PMID: 21803130 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Gene) Gene journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5086641 Wed, 27 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5086641 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5086639&cid=s_35583_50_f&fid=35583&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21803132%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Gu HF, Gu T, Ostenson CG, Kärvestedt L, Brismar K Sox2 is a transcription factor, which plays an important role in the induction of pluripotent stem cells from somatic cells. The Sox2 gene is located in chromosome 3q26.33 and resides in a linkage region of diabetes. In the present study, we attempted to evaluate the genetic effect of Sox2 in the development of type 2 diabetes (T2D). A total of 1598 Swedish subjects of T2D, pre-diabetes and non-diabetic control subjects were enrolled in the present study. Genotyping experiments for allelic discrimination of SNP rs11915160 were performed with TaqMan allelic discrimination. Sox2 mRNA expression levels in pancreatic islets of T2D patients (n=16) and control subjects (n=8) were detected by using real time RT-PCR. Among the non-dia... Gene journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5086639 Wed, 27 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5086639 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5086642&cid=s_35583_50_f&fid=35583&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21801820%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, we constructed a recombinant expression vector pEGFP-N1-RhoBTB2 and transfected it into RhoBTB2-negative breast tumor cell line T-47D. Stable transformanted cells were identified by fluorescence microscope, RT-PCR and Western blot. Cell viability was measured by MTT assay. Colony forming efficiency of breast tumor cells was detected by colony formation assay. Morphological change of apoptotic cells was observed by hematoxylin-eosin staining. Apoptotic ratio was determined by flow cytometry. Cell invasion and migration ability assay were performed using transwell system. Overexpression of RhoBTB2 in breast tumor cells significantly inhibited the proliferation and colony formation of tumor cells. In addition, RhoBTB2 also elevated the apoptotic ratio and caused typical changes... Gene journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5086642 Fri, 22 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5086642 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5086647&cid=s_35583_50_f&fid=35583&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21784138%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Smith J, Mowla S, Prince S TBX3 is a member of the T-box family of genes that encode developmentally important transcription factors. Mutations resulting in decreased levels of functional TBX3 lead to Ulnar-Mammary Syndrome and increased levels of TBX3 have been linked to several cancers. To understand the mechanisms regulating TBX3 expression we have previously cloned the 5'-flanking region of the human TBX3 gene and here we describe cis-elements required for its basal transcription. Using site-directed mutagenesis, luciferase reporter assays and in vitro and in vivo DNA binding experiments we identify a Sp1 element and two CCAAT boxes to be essential for basal TBX3 promoter activity. Our results are consistent with reports that these sites are necessary for efficient basal t... Gene journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5086647 Wed, 20 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5086647 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5086643&cid=s_35583_50_f&fid=35583&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21798322%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion the present mitogenome of C. granulosa adds more information to our understanding of the diversity and evolution of mitogenomes of nonbilaterian animals. PMID: 21798322 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Gene) Gene journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5086643 Wed, 20 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5086643 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5086645&cid=s_35583_50_f&fid=35583&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21787851%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, we bioinformatically identify putative CTCF binding sites in the hTERT proximal exonic region (PER) and determine their functional relevance in mediating transcriptional silencing at this gene. Tests using a reporter gene assay in HeLa cancer cells demonstrate that a sub-region of the PER exhibits strong transcriptional repressive activity. This repression is independent of the previously identified CTCF binding site near the transcriptional start site of the hTERT gene. In addition, site directed mutagenesis of three predicted CTCF binding sites, including a previously characterized in vivo site in exon 2, does not result in a loss of the repression mediated by the PER. The results from this study indicate that expression of the hTERT gene in HeLa cells is regulated by sequ... Gene journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5086645 Tue, 19 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5086645 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5086644&cid=s_35583_50_f&fid=35583&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21787852%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Liu C, Cai L, Han X, Ying T To obtain an overall view on gene expression during the early stage (24h) of tomato fruit in response to postharvest UV-C irradiation (4kJ/m(2)), we performed a microarray analysis by using Affymetrix Tomato Genechip. The results showed that 274 and 403 genes were up- or down-regulated, respectively, more than two folds in postharvest tomato fruit irradiated with UV-C as compared with that in control fruit. The up-regulated genes mainly involve in signal transduction, defense response and metabolism. Conversely, genes related to cell wall disassembly, photosynthesis and lipid metabolism were generally down-regulated. These results opened ways to probe into the molecular mechanisms of the effects of postharvest UV-C irradiation on increased disease r... Gene journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5086644 Tue, 19 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5086644 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5086646&cid=s_35583_50_f&fid=35583&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21784139%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, the cucumber HO-1 gene (named as CsHO1) was isolated and sequenced. It contains four exons and three introns and encodes a polypeptide of 291 amino acids. Further results show that CsHO1 shares a high homology with plant HO-1 proteins and codes a 33.3kDa protein with a 65-amino transit peptide, predicting a mature protein of 26.1kDa. The mature CsHO1 was expressed in Escherichia coli to produce a fusion protein, which exhibits HO activity. The CsHO1:GFP fusion protein was localized in the chloroplast. Related biochemical analyses of mature CsHO1, including Vmax, Km, Topt and pHopt, were also investigated. CsHO1 mRNA was found in germinating seeds, roots, stem, and especially in leaf tissues. Several well-known adventitious root inducers, including auxin, ABA, hemin, nitric o... Gene journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5086646 Mon, 18 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5086646 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5086640&cid=s_35583_50_f&fid=35583&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21803131%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Shi L, Perin JC, Leipzig J, Zhang Z, Sullivan KE IRF1 is a transcription factor that participates in interferon signaling. Previous studies of IRF1 binding have utilized in vitro assays. We used ChIP-seq in human monocytes to better define the recognition motif for IRF1. The newly identified 18bp motif (RAAASNGAAAGTGAAASY) is a refinement of the 13bp IRF1 motif commonly used. We utilized the 18bp consensus motif and identified 345 potential target genes. To compare the 18bp motif with the 13bp motif, we compared putative gene targets. Only 56 potential gene targets were defined by both consensus motifs. To compare biological effects of interferon on the 13bp and the 18bp consensus targets, we mined expression data from cells exposed to interferons or transfected with IRF1. In ... Gene journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5086640 Mon, 18 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5086640 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5086638&cid=s_35583_50_f&fid=35583&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21803133%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Yu C, Cheng SY, He RL, Yau SS In this paper, we propose a new protein map which incorporates with various properties of amino acids. As a powerful tool for protein classification, this new protein map both considers phylogenetic factors arising from amino acid mutations and provides computational efficiency for the huge amount of data. The ten amino acid physico-chemical properties (the chemical composition of the side chain, two polarity measures, hydropathy, isoelectric point, volume, aromaticity, aliphaticity, hydrogenation, and hydroxythiolation) are utilized according to their relative importance. Moreover, during the course of calculation of genetic distances between pairs of proteins, this approach does not require any alignment of sequences. Therefore, the proposed mod... Gene journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5086638 Mon, 18 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5086638 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5086650&cid=s_35583_50_f&fid=35583&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21782907%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Costello LC, Franklin RB There now exists a resurgence of interest in the role of intermediary metabolism in medicine; especially in relation to medical disorders. Coupled with this is the contemporary focus on molecular biology, genetics and proteomics and their integration into studies of regulation and alterations in cellular metabolism in health and disease. This is a marriage that has vast potential for elucidation of the factors and conditions that are involved in cellular metabolic and functional changes, which heretofore could not be addressed by the earlier generations of biochemists who established the major pathways of intermediary metabolism. The achievement of this present potential requires the appropriate application and interpretation of genetic and proteomic s... Gene journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5086650 Sun, 17 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5086650 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5086649&cid=s_35583_50_f&fid=35583&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21782908%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Fan BS, Lou JY The current study explored the feasibility and efficacy of co-transfection of the human nerve growth factor (NGF) and vascular endothelial growth factor 165 (VEGF165) genes in rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). The obtained hNGF and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) cDNAs were cloned into the pEGFP-C1 expression vector to construct the recombinant vectors. Co-transfection in rat BMSCs was performed and the expressions of both genes were detected by RT-PCR, Western blot, and enzyme-linked immunospecific assay. The biological activity of recombinant NGF and VEGF proteins was confirmed using the Chick Chorioallantoic Membrane (CAM) assay. NGF and VEGF genes could be expressed successfully in rat BMSCs. The recombinant NGF and VEGF from the rat ... Gene journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5086649 Sun, 17 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5086649 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5086648&cid=s_35583_50_f&fid=35583&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21782909%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Xu J, Dou T, Liu C, Fu M, Huang Y, Gu S, Zhou Y, Xie Y The C-terminus alternative splicing in VEGFA (vascular endothelial growth factor A) is known for its impact on physiological and pathological angiogenesis. Based on our prediction and RT-PCR verification, we identified anti-angiogenic VEGFA165b isoforms in mouse and rabbit for the first time. We also found that the relative expression level of VEGFA165b isoform had been increasing from rodents to human, and exon8b may have experienced a minor-to-major form exon conversion, possibly correlated with its gain-of-function. It is suggested that introduction of alternative splicing exons (esp. exon6 and exon8b) made important contributions to the transcriptional diversity of VEGFA and played a crucial role in the evolution of it... Gene journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5086648 Sun, 17 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5086648 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5086652&cid=s_35583_50_f&fid=35583&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21767618%26dopt%3DAbstract This study shows that locus directed integration of model FMR1 CGG transgenes could be a new basic tool to further elucidating the basic molecular mechanisms behind transcriptional deregulation of the FMR1 gene in fragile X-syndrome and FXTAS. PMID: 21767618 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Gene) Gene journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5086652 Tue, 12 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5086652 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5086651&cid=s_35583_50_f&fid=35583&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21767619%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Linney E, Perz-Edwards A, Kelley B The retinoic acid receptors (RARs or rars) and the thyroid hormone receptors are members of the steroid receptor superfamily that interact with their DNA response elements (for RARs: retinoic acid response elements or RAREs) in the regulatory regions of promoters in the absence of their ligand. In this ligand minus configuration, it has been suggested that the RAR provides a binding site for a corepressor (SMRT or N-CoR) that also brings in other proteins to repress the gene. In the presence of the ligand, the receptor goes through an allosteric change eliminating the corepressor binding site and providing a coactivator binding site. In this manuscript we describe the isolation of the zebrafish corepressor, smrt. We show that its association ... Gene journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5086651 Tue, 12 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5086651 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5086653&cid=s_35583_50_f&fid=35583&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21762762%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Momand J, Villegas A, Belyi VA MDM2 and MDM4 are proto-oncoproteins that bind to and inhibit members of the p53 protein family, p53, p73 and possibly p63. p53 is a mammalian tumor suppressor and p63 and p73 are critical for development. With the sequencing of genomes from multiple organisms there is mounting evidence for a consensus scenario of p53 gene family evolution. A single p53/p63/p73 gene is in invertebrates and required for maintenance of germline DNA. Gene duplication occurred in an ancestor in common with cartilaginous fishes, giving rise to a separate p53 gene and at least one ancestral p63/p73 gene. In bony vertebrates, all three p53 gene family paralogs, p53, p63, and p73 are distinct genes. This raises the question of how MDM2 and MDM4 genes evolved. We show evi... Gene journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5086653 Sun, 03 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5086653 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5037287&cid=s_35583_50_f&fid=35583&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21756987%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Marquis-Nicholson R, Aftimos S, Ashton F, Love JM, Stone P, McFarlane J, George AM, Love DR Pseudotrisomy 13 syndrome is characterised by holoprosencephaly with or without polydactyly, but with a normal karyotype. The genetic cause of this syndrome remains unclear, but it is thought to be autosomal recessive. In order to identify possible candidate genes, we identified regions of homozygosity in the DNA of an affected foetus, which was the seventh pregnancy of a healthy non-consanguineous Cook Island Maori couple; this ethnic group derives from a small founder population. Several large regions of homozygosity were identified using a high density array. We excluded two candidate genes that lay within these regions, and suggest that Pseudotrisomy 13 syndrome might not be monogen... Gene journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5037287 Sun, 03 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5037287 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5037289&cid=s_35583_50_f&fid=35583&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21749917%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, we regrouped the cell-type-specific DHSs of Ig-β, those in the original six deletions and three additional ones, into three larger regional groups-the long upstream region, the intron, and the long downstream region-and deleted these groups individually or in combination. Combinatorial deletion of all three regional groups decreased Ig-β mRNA levels to 0.4% of the control, which was significantly higher than <0.1%, the level resulting from deletion of all six smaller groups. Histone H3 and H4 acetylation and H3K4 dimethylation levels at the Ig-β promoter were low in cells carrying deletions of all six smaller groups, but intermediate levels of acetylation and enhanced H3K4 dimethylation were observed in cells carrying deletions of all three larger groups. While CG meth... Gene journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5037289 Fri, 01 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5037289 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5037288&cid=s_35583_50_f&fid=35583&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21749918%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Fan H, Cinar MU, Phatsara C, Tesfaye D, Tholen E, Looft C, Schellander K Among modern western pigs, Duroc (high meat fat ratio) and Pietrain (low meat fat ratio) breeds extensively utilized in commercial pork production differ extremely for their muscle phenotypes. The molecular mechanism, especially the epigenetic mechanism, underlying these breed-specific differences is poorly known. Myogenic factor 6 (MYF6) is the most abundantly expressed myogenic factor in adult muscle. Moreover, MYF6 tends to be expressed more highly in muscle tissue of the lean selection line and is supposed to be one promising candidate gene for growth- and meat quality-related traits in adult pigs. Six months old female Duroc and Pietrain pure breed pigs were used in this study. Protein and mRNA level... Gene journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5037288 Fri, 01 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5037288 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5037292&cid=s_35583_50_f&fid=35583&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21723381%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, we investigated three regulators of exon 10 splicing: serine/arginine-rich protein SRp75 and heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins hnRNPG and hnRNPE2. SRp75 and hnRNPG inhibit splicing of exon 10 whereas hnRNPE2 activates it. Using co-transfections, co-immunoprecipitations and RNAi we discovered that SRp75 binds to the proximal downstream intron of tau exon 10 at the FTDP-17 hotspot region; and that hnRNPG and hnRNPE2 interact with SRp75. Thus, increased exon 10 inclusion in FTDP mutants may arise from weakened SRp75 binding. This work provides insights into the splicing regulation of the tau gene and into possible strategies for correcting the imbalance in tauopathies caused by changes in the ratio of exon 10. PMID: 21723381 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Sourc... Gene journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5037292 Wed, 29 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5037292 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5037291&cid=s_35583_50_f&fid=35583&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21723382%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, we report on the sequence characterization of a ferritin-coding cDNA in Eisenia andrei earthworms isolated by RT-PCR using degenerated primers, and we suggest the presence of a putative IRE in the 5'-UTR of ferritin mRNA. The obtained ferritin sequence was compared with those of other animals showing sequence and structure homology in consensus sites, including the iron-responsive element (IRE) and ferroxidase centers. Despite the sequence homology in the E. andrei mRNA of ferritin with the sequences of other animals in consensus IRE sites, the presented cytosine in the IRE of E. andrei ferritin in the expected position does not form a conventional bulge. The presence of ferritin in the coelomic fluid of E. andrei was proven by iron staining assay. Moreover, aconitase activi... Gene journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5037291 Wed, 29 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5037291 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5037290&cid=s_35583_50_f&fid=35583&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21741460%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, the promoter of shrimp Ran gene was identified which contained a typical TATA box. The results showed that the shrimp Ran protein was bound with the Ran promoter in Drosophila S2 cells. Based on luciferase assays, our study indicated that the transcription of Ran gene could be regulated by the interaction between the Ran promoter and the Ran protein, suggesting the existence of a feedback regulation in Ran gene expression. Therefore our study presented a novel finding on the feedback regulation of gene transcription. PMID: 21741460 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Gene) Gene journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5037290 Tue, 28 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5037290 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4993292&cid=s_35583_50_f&fid=35583&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21718763%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, we investigated expression profiles of miRNAs in the process of normal mouse brain growth from embryonic day 16.5 to ~19months old by means of DNA microarray and reverse-transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and we examined whether there was any association between the expression of miRNAs and brain growth. The results indicated that a major change in the expression of miRNAs occurred in the brain within the first week to the fourth week postnatally. The data also exhibited the miRNAs that gradually increased and decreased in their levels, over the course of brain growth. Therefore, the current study suggests that miRNAs are capable of becoming a useful biological marker for study of brain growth, and leads to the possibility that gene silencing involving miR... Gene journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4993292 Sun, 26 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4993292 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4993298&cid=s_35583_50_f&fid=35583&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21712076%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Dergai M, Skrypkina I, Dergai O, Tsyba L, Novokhatska O, Filonenko V, Drobot L, Rynditch A Intersectin 1 (ITSN1) is an evolutionarily conserved adaptor protein engaged in clathrin-mediated endocytosis, cell signaling and actin cytoskeleton rearrangements. Two major ITSN1 isoforms were initially described, the ubiquitous short isoform (ITSN1-s) and the long isoform (ITSN1-l) expressed predominantly in neurons. Numerous alternative splicing events for ITSN1 pre-mRNA were later identified. Here we describe a novel isoform ITSN1-22a with an alternative C-terminus encoded by exon 22a. This exon is only found in placental mammals. The transcript of ITSN1-22a is detected in a wide range of human and mouse tissues. We show here that two alternative splicing events affect the coding se... Gene journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4993298 Fri, 24 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4993298 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4993297&cid=s_35583_50_f&fid=35583&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21712077%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, over 30,000 expressed sequence tags (ESTs) were obtained from adipose tissue in rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss peritoneal cavity and searched for genes possibly related to lipid metabolism. Large numbers of ESTs encoded digestive enzymes and hormones usually found in the pancreas in higher vertebrates, consistent with the fact that pancreatic cells are dispersed in the adipose tissue. Many ESTs encoded apolipoprotein C-I, fatty acid-binding proteins and lymphocyte G0/G1 switch protein 2, which function in lipid transport, fatty acid accumulation and adipocyte differentiation, respectively. None of the ESTs encoded adipokines. We therefore obtained a cDNA encoding adiponectin, an adipokine that regulates oxidation of glucose and lipids in peripheral tissues, using rainbow ... Gene journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4993297 Fri, 24 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4993297 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4993296&cid=s_35583_50_f&fid=35583&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21712078%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: d'Alençon E, Nègre N, Stanojcic S, Alassoeur B, Gimenez S, Léger A, Abd-Alla A, Juliant S, Fournier P The discovery of an homolog of the human centromeric protein B, CENP-B, in an EST database of the holocentric insect species Spodoptera frugiperda prompted us to further characterize that gene because i) CENP-B has not been described in invertebrates yet ii) it should be a milestone in the molecular characterization of the holocentric centromere of Lepidoptera. Like its human counterpart, the Sf CENP-B protein is related to the transposase of the pogo transposable element (TE) of D. melanogaster. In this paper, we show evidences that the lepidopteran cenpB gene has evolved from domestication of a transposase. Furthermore, the Sf CENP-B nuclear location and its ability to bi... Gene journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4993296 Fri, 24 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4993296 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4993295&cid=s_35583_50_f&fid=35583&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21712079%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Orioli A, Pascali C, Pagano A, Teichmann M, Dieci G Eukaryotic genomes are punctuated by a multitude of tiny genetic elements, that share the property of being recognized and transcribed by the RNA polymerase (Pol) III machinery to produce a variety of small, abundant non-protein-coding (nc) RNAs (tRNAs, 5S rRNA, U6 snRNA and many others). The highly selective, efficient and localized action of Pol III at its minute genomic targets is made possible by a handful of cis-acting regulatory elements, located within the transcribed region (where they are bound by the multisubunit assembly factor TFIIIC) and/or upstream of the transcription start site. Most of them participate directly or indirectly in the ultimate recruitment of TFIIIB, a key multiprotein initiation factor able to d... Gene journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4993295 Fri, 24 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4993295 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4993294&cid=s_35583_50_f&fid=35583&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21712080%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Sierocka I, Rojek A, Bielewicz D, Karlowski W, Jarmolowski A, Szweykowska-Kulinska Z In bryophytes (lower plants), sex determination is manifested in the gametophyte generation by the production of egg- and sperm-forming gametangia. We identified four genes specifically expressed in the male thalli of dioecious liverwort Pellia endiviifolia species B using RDA-cDNA method. These are: PenB_TUA1 coding for an α-tubulin family protein, PenB_Raba1/11 coding for a Rab family protein, PenB_HMG-box coding for an HMG-box family protein and PenB_MT coding for an unknown transcript that contains an ORF of 295 amino acid residues. The expression of identified genes shows developmental and environmental regulation. PenB_TUA1 and PenB_Raba1/11 are expressed in the male thalli, regardless ... Gene journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4993294 Fri, 24 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4993294 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4993293&cid=s_35583_50_f&fid=35583&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21712081%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, we used genomic DNA sequence data from nine salmonid species to compare nucleotide identities for orthologous main olfactory receptor (mOR) genes with nucleotide identities for orthologous vomeronasal type 1-like (Ora) receptor genes. We found that orthologs for both classes of olfactory receptor genes (mORs and Oras) appear to be highly conserved among species. Our findings do not support the differential tuning hypothesis in Salmonidae, which predicts higher sequence conservation for mORs than Oras. We did, however, find convincing evidence for site-specific positive selection acting on paralogous main olfactory receptor genes. PMID: 21712081 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Gene) Gene journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4993293 Fri, 24 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4993293 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4993302&cid=s_35583_50_f&fid=35583&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21708229%26dopt%3DAbstract This study aims to contribute to the characterization of the genetic basis of PD in the dog, a classically accepted model in Periodontology. We searched for genetic variations in the interleukin-6 (IL6) gene, in order to verify its association with PD in a case-control study including 25 dogs in the PD case group and 45 dogs in the control group. We indentified and characterized three new genetic variations in IL6 gene. No statistically significant differences were detected between the control and PD cases groups. Our results do not support an evidence for a major role contribution of these variants in the susceptibility to PD in the analyzed population. Nevertheless, the sequence variant I/5_g.105G>A leads to an amino acid change (arginine to glutamine) and was predicted to be possibly... Gene journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4993302 Thu, 23 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4993302 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4993301&cid=s_35583_50_f&fid=35583&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21708230%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Li K, Xu C, Zhang J Maize rough dwarf disease (MRDD) is a viral disease and causes great yield loss. To better understand the effects of MRDD on plant growth and metabolism, comparative proteomic analysis of leaves from virus-infected and normal plants was performed. In order to eliminate the interference of Ribulose-1, 5-bisphosphate carboxylase with low-abundance proteins, total proteins were pre-fractionated by 15% PEG and the proteins from supernatant and precipitated fractions were analyzed by 2-DE, subsequently. Out of approximately 1200 protein spots detected, less than 2% of the spots on the gels were overlapping between the fractions of precipitation and supernatant. We identified 91 differentially accumulated proteins that belong to multiple metabolic/biochemical pat... Gene journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4993301 Thu, 23 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4993301 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4993300&cid=s_35583_50_f&fid=35583&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21708231%26dopt%3DAbstract This study analyzed responses to dehydration stress by manganese-dependent superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) and catalase, and the role of forkhead box class O type 1 (FoxO1) transcription factor in regulating their up-regulation, in selected tissues of the African clawed frogs, Xenopus laevis. Protein and mRNA levels of MnSOD and catalase were analyzed by immunoblotting and PCR. Analysis of FoxO1 included protein and phosphoprotein (FoxO1(ser245)) levels, nuclear versus cytoplasmic distribution, and FoxO1 binding to DNA. MnSOD protein increased significantly in the liver during dehydration whereas catalase rose in the liver and skeletal muscle. This was supported in liver by 1.5-2.2 fold increases in MnSOD and catalase mRNA levels. FoxO1 transcriptional activity was enhanced in liver of dehydr... Gene journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4993300 Thu, 23 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4993300 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4993299&cid=s_35583_50_f&fid=35583&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21708232%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Bailey JA, Maloney B, Ge YW, Lahiri DK Amyloid β peptide (Aβ) plaque in the brain is the primary (post mortem) diagnostic criterion of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Any physiological role of Aβ constituent is poorly understood. We have previously determined an Aβ interacting domain (AβID) in the promoters of AD-associated genes (Maloney and Lahiri, in press). This AβID interacts in a DNA sequence-specific manner with Aβ. We now demonstrate novel Aβ activity as a possible transcription factor. Herein, we demonstrate Aβ-chromatin interaction in cell culture by ChIP assay. We observed that human neuroblastoma (SK-N-SH) cells treated with FITC conjugated Aβ1-40 localized Aβ to the nucleus in the presence of H(2)O(2)-mediated oxidative stress. Furthermore, primary rat fetal ... Gene journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4993299 Thu, 23 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4993299 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4993291&cid=s_35583_50_f&fid=35583&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21718764%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSION: In our study, there was no difference in the HDMP treatment response between MDR1 gene genotypes. However, it should be noted that this study includes a small group of patients. Our data should therefore be considered preliminary, awaiting further confirmatory studies on an expanded patient base. PMID: 21718764 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Gene) Gene journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4993291 Mon, 20 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4993291 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4993304&cid=s_35583_50_f&fid=35583&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21703334%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Yang F, Du YZ, Wang LP, Cao JM, Yu WW The complete mitochondrial genome sequence of Liriomyza sativae Blanchard (15,551bp) was determined and analyzed in this study. The circular genome contained 37 genes including 13 protein-coding genes, 22 tRNA genes, 2 rRNA genes and an A+T-rich region. The initiation codons of COI and ND1 were 'ATCA' and 'GTG', respectively. ND2 gene used the truncated termination codon 'T'. All the tRNA genes had the typical cloverleaf secondary structures except for tRNA(Ser(AGN)) gene, which was found with the absence of a DHU arm. In addition, a tRNA-like secondary structure (tRNA(Met)) was found in the A+T-rich region. The great difference was that the length of L. sativae A+T-rich region was 597bp shorter than that of Liriomyza trifolii (Burgess). M... Gene journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4993304 Wed, 15 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4993304 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4993303&cid=s_35583_50_f&fid=35583&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21703335%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Wang H, Wang YH, Wu WS Identifying cell cycle transcription factors (TFs) is important for understanding the transcriptional regulation of the cell cycle process which controls the growth and development of all organisms. Existing computational approaches for identifying cell cycle TFs are mainly based on methods with a fixed selection criterion. That is, the same criterion was applied to each TF to determine whether it is a cell cycle TF or not. Since the characteristic of each TF may be quite different, it is not suitable to use a fixed selection criterion in identifying cell cycle TFs. Instead of using a fixed selection criterion, we propose a method with variable selection criteria to identify cell cycle TFs in yeast by integrating the ChIP-chip and cell cycle gene express... Gene journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4993303 Wed, 15 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4993303 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4993305&cid=s_35583_50_f&fid=35583&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21699964%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Maloney B, Lahiri DK Deposition of extracellular plaques, consisting of amyloid β peptide (Aβ), in the brain is the confirmatory diagnostic of Alzheimer's disease (AD); however, the physiological and pathological role of Aβ is not fully understood. Herein, we demonstrate novel Aβ activity as a putative transcription factor upon AD-associated genes. We used oligomers from 5'-flanking regions of the apolipoprotein E (APOE), Aβ-precursor protein (APP) and β-amyloid site cleaving enzyme-1 (BACE1) genes for electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) with different fragments of the Aβ peptide. Our results suggest that Aβ bound to an Aβ-interacting domain (AβID) with a consensus of "KGGRKTGGGG". This peptide-DNA interaction was sequence specific, and mutation of the first ... Gene journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4993305 Tue, 14 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4993305 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4944185&cid=s_35583_50_f&fid=35583&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21679751%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, we conducted a computational analysis of reported sequences for FTase from a diverse source of organisms, such as plants, fungi, and bacteria. Ninety-one proteins sequences were obtained; all belonging to the glycoside hydrolase 32 (GH32) and 68 (GH68) families. The sequences were grouped in seven clades, five for plants, one for fungi, and one for bacteria. Our findings suggest that FTases from fungi and bacteria likely evolved from dicotyledonous FTases. The analysis of catalytic domains A, D and E, which contain the amino acids involved in the catalytic binding site, allowed the identification of clade-specific conserved characteristics. The analysis of sequence motifs involved in donor/acceptor molecule affinity showed that additional sequences could be responsible for d... Gene journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4944185 Sun, 12 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4944185