MedWorm.com provides a medical RSS filtering service. Over 6000 RSS medical sources are combined and output via different filters. This feed contains the latest items from the 'Hormone and Metabolic Research' source. Wed, 08 Feb 2012 15:08:58 +0100 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5667758&cid=s_36610_15_f&fid=36610&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1055%2Fs-0031-1299707 Horm Metab ResDOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1299707Metastatic pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas are rare and challenging tumors. The tumor burden, combined with excessive catecholamine production, predispose to a broad spectrum of complications that range from spinal cord compression to any organ damage, all of which may lead to decreased quality of life and overall survival. Current therapies include surgery, systemic chemotherapy and radiopharmaceutical agents. Surgery is often a preferred therapy because it may cure or allow a long-term remission in patients with locoregional or isolated resectable distant metastases. Additionally, surgery can palliate symptoms related to tumor burden or catecholamine excess. However, in patients for whom surgery is not an option, systemic chemotherapy and rad... Hormone and Metabolic Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5667758 Tue, 07 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5667758 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5667757&cid=s_36610_15_f&fid=36610&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1055%2Fs-0032-1305800 Horm Metab Res 2012; 44: 154-154DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1305800© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New YorkArticle in Thieme eJournals:Table of contents  |  FREE Full text (Source: Hormone and Metabolic Research) Hormone and Metabolic Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5667757 Tue, 07 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5667757 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5667756&cid=s_36610_15_f&fid=36610&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1055%2Fs-0031-1299747 Horm Metab Res 2012; 44: 114-122DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1299747Maternal protein restriction (PR) during lactation programs a lower body weight, hyperthyroidism, leptin resistance, and over-expression of leptin receptor in the pituitary gland at adulthood. Because leptin regulates energy homeo­stasis and the hypothalamus-pituitary-thyroid (HPT) axis, we evaluated adipocyte morpho­logy, the leptin signaling pathway in the HPT axis and the in vitro thyrotropin (TSH) response to leptin in adult progeny in this model. At birth, dams were separated in control diet with 23% protein or PR diet with 8% protein. After weaning, offspring received a normal diet. Adult PR offspring showed lower adipocytes area, higher leptin:visceral fat ratio, lower hypothalamic signal transducer and activator of transc... Hormone and Metabolic Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5667756 Tue, 07 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5667756 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5660419&cid=s_36610_15_f&fid=36610&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1055%2Fs-0031-1301303 Horm Metab ResDOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1301303To date, the large majority of studies evaluating growth hormone (GH) response to acute physical exercise has been performed involving gross muscle groups. To the best of our knowledge, none has evaluated the effects of a respiratory muscle endurance training (RMET) on hormonal secretions, particularly on GH release, though some respiratory devices have been widely used in athletes to train respiratory muscles and to improve cardiopulmonary function and physical performance. 8 healthy men underwent an incremental progressive RMET protocol of 11 daily sessions, obtained through the use of a specifically designed respiratory device (Spiro Tiger®). The 12th session of RMET (15 min duration: 1 min at a respiration rate of 28 acts/min, 5 min at ... Hormone and Metabolic Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5660419 Fri, 03 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5660419 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5638948&cid=s_36610_15_f&fid=36610&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1055%2Fs-0031-1301281 Horm Metab ResDOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1301281The prevalence of primary aldosteronism (PA) is around 10% of hypertensives, with markedly increased risk of cardiovascular damage compared with age-, sex- and BP-matched essential hypertension (EH). Currently, if hypertension is present in 20% of the population, PA will account for 2%; of these PA patients only 1% are ever screened, let alone diagnosed and treated, and the remaining 99% suboptimally treated, if at all. Mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) antagonists are effective in lowering BP, uniquely vasoprotective and safe when titrated to effect in EH. In resistant hypertension (BP elevated despite 3 or more conventional agents, including a diuretic), which constitutes 20–30% of EH, addition of a low dose MR antagonist reproducibly produces BP ... Hormone and Metabolic Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5638948 Thu, 26 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5638948 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5629439&cid=s_36610_15_f&fid=36610&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1055%2Fs-0031-1301280 In conclusion, higher serum testosterone levels in men with excessive erythrocytosis were associated with an increased rate of conversion from DHEAS to testosterone rather than to a lower aromatase activity.[...]© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New YorkArticle in Thieme eJournals:Table of contents  |  Abstract  |  Full text (Source: Hormone and Metabolic Research) Hormone and Metabolic Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5629439 Tue, 24 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5629439 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5629438&cid=s_36610_15_f&fid=36610&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1055%2Fs-0031-1299730 Horm Metab ResDOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1299730Primary aldosteronism (PA) is the most frequent cause of secondary arterial hypertension. To date 3 forms of familial hyperaldosteronism (FH) have been described accounting for a small percentage of all PA cases. In Germany, the prevalence of FH is currently unknown. Our aim was to determine the prevalence of familiarity in a large cohort of patients with PA. A total of 166 patients with apparently sporadic PA in Munich were investigated. FH types I, II, and III were identified using established clinical, biochemical, and molecular criteria. Among the 166 patients with PA, 2 patients (1.2%) reported a family history suggestive of FH. None of the 166 patients showed clinical, endocrine, or genetic evidence of FH type I. The 2 families had characteris... Hormone and Metabolic Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5629438 Tue, 24 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5629438 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5629434&cid=s_36610_15_f&fid=36610&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1055%2Fs-0031-1301284 Horm Metab ResDOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1301284Type 2 familial partial lipodystrophy (FPLD2) patients show impaired glucose and lipid metabolism resulting from lipodystrophic ‘lipid pressure’ and an intrinsic defect in skeletal muscle metabolism. Since mutated lamin A may interfere with peroxisome proliferator activator gamma (PPARγ) expression, we hypothesized that PPARγ stimulation improves fat distribution and metabolic abnormalities in these patients. 5 nondiabetic FPLD2 patients were treated with rosiglitazone over 12 months. We assessed body composition, body fat distribution, and skinfold thickness/subcutaneous tissue thickness. We also determined venous glucose, insulin, and free fatty acid (FFA) concentrations, and respiratory quotient (RQ) before and during oral glucose tolerance... Hormone and Metabolic Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5629434 Tue, 24 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5629434 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5629433&cid=s_36610_15_f&fid=36610&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1055%2Fs-0031-1295497 We present a family with the rare RET mutation, D631Y in which the proband initially presented with a pheochromocytoma, and review the available literature pertaining to this mutation. In 83% of index cases, pheochromocytoma was the presenting feature and only 37% of adult germline mutation carriers have developed medullary thyroid carcinoma, none of whom have been reported to have nodal or metastatic disease. Patients with a D631Y RET mutation typically present with pheochromocytoma and medullary thyroid carcinoma appears to occur with a later onset than reported with other RET mutations. Based on the current literature we recommend performing prophylactic total thyroidectomy by age 12 years for D631Y carriers although this recommendation may need to be reviewed as additional data becomes... Hormone and Metabolic Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5629433 Tue, 24 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5629433 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5629437&cid=s_36610_15_f&fid=36610&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1055%2Fs-0031-1299694 Horm Metab ResDOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1299694Bearing in mind that cancer cachexia is associated with chronic systemic inflammation and that endurance training has been adopted as a nonpharmacological anti-inflammatory strategy, we examined the effect of 8 weeks of moderate intensity exercise upon the balance of anti- and pro-inflammatory cytokines in 2 different depots of white adipose tissue in cachectic tumour-bearing (Walker-256 carcinosarcoma) rats. Animals were assigned to a sedentary control (SC), sedentary tumour-bearing (ST), sedentary pair-fed (SPF) or exercise control (EC), exercise tumour-bearing (ET), and exercise pair-fed (EPF) group. Trained rats ran on a treadmill (60% VO2max) 60 min/day, 5 days/week, for 8 weeks. The retroperitoneal (RPAT) and mesenteric (MEAT) adipose pads w... Hormone and Metabolic Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5629437 Fri, 20 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5629437 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5629436&cid=s_36610_15_f&fid=36610&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1055%2Fs-0031-1298019 Horm Metab ResDOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1298019Several human adrenocortical cell lines have been used as model systems for aldosterone production. However, these cell lines have not been directly compared with each other. Human adrenal cell lines SW13, CAR47, the NCI-H295 and its sub-strains and sub-clones were compared with regard to aldosterone production and aldosterone synthase (CYP11B2) expression. Culture media was collected 48 h after incubation, aldosterone secretion was measured and the data were normalized to the amount of cell protein. RNA was isolated for microarray analysis and quantitative RT-PCR (qPCR). The cell lines with the highest aldosterone production were further tested with regard to angiotensin II (Ang II) stimulation. Neither aldosterone nor CYP11B2 transcript were det... Hormone and Metabolic Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5629436 Fri, 20 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5629436 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5629435&cid=s_36610_15_f&fid=36610&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1055%2Fs-0031-1299774 The objective of the work was at first to investigate the effects of a low-salt vs. a high-salt diet on blood pressure without the influence of gonadal steroids in male and female rats. Second, to determine the sex-specific effects of mineralocorticoid receptor blockade by spironolactone in high-salt and low-salt fed gonadectomized male and female animals. Normotensive male and female Wistar rats were gonadectomized and put on a low (NaCl<0.03%) or high (NaCl=4%) salt diet. On each diet animals received spironolactone or placebo. Blood pressure was measured by tail-cuff-method; 24-h urine samples were collected in metabolic cages and blood was collected for hormonal measurements. High-salt diet significantly increased systolic blood pressure in both sexes. This effect could be blocked e... Hormone and Metabolic Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5629435 Fri, 20 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5629435 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5598410&cid=s_36610_15_f&fid=36610&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1055%2Fs-0031-1299711 Horm Metab ResDOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1299711Maternal prolactin inhibition at the end of lactation programs for metabolic syndrome and hypothyroidism in adult offspring, which could negatively affect exercise performance. We evaluated the effects of maternal hypoprolactinemia in late lactation on physical performance in adult progeny. Lactating Wistar rats were treated with bromocriptine (BRO, 1 mg per day) or saline on days 19, 20, and 21 of lactation and offspring were followed until 180 days old. Physical performance was recorded in untrained rats at 90 and 180 days by an acute exhaustive swimming test (exercise group-Ex). At day 90, BRO offspring showed higher visceral fat mass, higher plasma thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, lower total antioxidant capacity, higher liver glycogen... Hormone and Metabolic Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5598410 Fri, 13 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5598410 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5598409&cid=s_36610_15_f&fid=36610&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1055%2Fs-0031-1299681 Horm Metab ResDOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1299681Aldosterone hypersecretion in primary aldosteronism is unilateral (aldosterone producing adenoma and primary unilateral hyperplasia) or bilateral (idiopathic adrenal hyperplasia). Lapa­roscopic adrenalectomy is nowadays the preferred approach to treat patients with unilateral primary aldosteronism. We review the outcomes of this intervention in recently published series. Laparoscopic adrenalectomy has a morbidity of 5–14%, mortality below 1%, and a mean hospital stay around 3 days. It generally results in the normalization of aldosterone secretion and in a large decrease of blood pressure and antihypertensive medication, but normotension without treatment is only achieved in 42% of all cases. Normotension following adrenalectomy is more likely in... Hormone and Metabolic Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5598409 Fri, 13 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5598409 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5598408&cid=s_36610_15_f&fid=36610&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1055%2Fs-0031-1299729 In conclusion serum visfatin level was lower in prepubertal SGA children but not correlated with IR indices. Low birth weight was an independent predictor of visfatin level.[...]© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New YorkArticle in Thieme eJournals:Table of contents  |  Abstract  |  Full text (Source: Hormone and Metabolic Research) Hormone and Metabolic Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5598408 Fri, 13 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5598408 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5552802&cid=s_36610_15_f&fid=36610&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1055%2Fs-0031-1295414 In conclusion, the present data indicate that apart from disturbances of insulin secretion substantial changes of insulin clearance contribute to inadequate peripheral insulin concentrations in obese DM2 patients.[...]© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New YorkArticle in Thieme eJournals:Table of contents  |  Abstract  |  Full text (Source: Hormone and Metabolic Research) Hormone and Metabolic Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5552802 Wed, 28 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5552802 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5552801&cid=s_36610_15_f&fid=36610&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1055%2Fs-0031-1295491 Horm Metab Res 2012; 44: 6-14DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1295491Retinol binding protein 4 (RBP4) is regarded as a novel cardiometabolic risk factor, which is secreted mainly by the hepatocytes and also by the adipose tissue. RBP4 has been shown to induce insulin resistance, and plasma RBP4 values are increased in type 2 diabetes mellitus, obesity, metabolic syndrome, and cardiovascular disease. Moreover, it has been found that circulating RBP4 decreases during medical interventions that result in amelioration of the metabolic profile, such as diet, exercise, oral antidiabetic drugs, and hypolipidemic agents. However, only few of the RBP4-related studies have investigated whether RBP4 constitutes a causal factor of the above-mentioned metabolic conditions. Importantly, circulating RBP4 is influence... Hormone and Metabolic Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5552801 Wed, 28 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5552801 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5552800&cid=s_36610_15_f&fid=36610&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1055%2Fs-0031-1297971 Horm Metab Res 2012; 44: 01-05DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1297971Leptin influences bone formation centrally through the hypothalamus and peripherally by acting on osteoblasts or their precursors. However, neither mechanism explains the divergent, gender-specific correlation between leptin and bone mineral density in humans. Although leptin is a potent regulator of pro-inflammatory immune responses, a potential role for leptin as an osteoimmunologic intermediate in bone metabolism has not been tested. Mice with myeloid-specific ablation of the long-form leptin receptor (ObRb) were generated using mice expressing cre-recombinase from the lysoszyme M promoter. At 12 weeks of age, the conditional knockout mice did not display any appreciable phenotype. However, at 52 weeks 2 changes were noted. First,... Hormone and Metabolic Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5552800 Wed, 28 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5552800 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5552799&cid=s_36610_15_f&fid=36610&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1055%2Fs-0031-1295474 Horm Metab Res 2012; 44: 70-74DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1295474Serotoninergic 5-HT4 receptors have been detected in several tissues including the heart. An autoimmune mechanism may underline the pathogenesis of heart failure. The aim of this work was to look for autoantibodies to the 5-HT4 receptor in patients with heart failure. We looked for the presence of autoantibodies against 5-HT4 receptor as well as angiotensin II type (AT1), β1-adrenoceptor, and muscarinic M2 receptors in the sera of 176 patients with heart failure (female: n=96, male: n=80) and in 108 controls (female: n=69; male: n=39). The prevalence of 5-HT4 receptor autoantibodies was 18.8% (n=33) in the group of patients with heart failure and 4.6% (n=5) in the control group (p<0.002). The prevalence of autoantibodies against ... Hormone and Metabolic Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5552799 Wed, 28 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5552799 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5552798&cid=s_36610_15_f&fid=36610&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1055%2Fs-0031-1297942 Horm Metab Res 2012; 44: 28-32DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1297942Aquaglyceroporin 7 (AQP7) is a glycerol transporter expressed in adipocytes. Its expression has been shown to be modulated in obesity. Metabolic syndrome is characterized by abdominal obesity, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and hypertension. An animal model displaying several features of metabolic syndrome was used to study the AQP7 expression at both mRNA and protein level and glycerol flux in adipocytes. Second generation n3-PUFA depleted female rats is a good animal model for metabolic syndrome as it displays characteristic features such as liver steatosis, visceral obesity, and insulin resistance. Our data show a reduced expression of AQP7 at the protein level in adipose tissue from n3-PUFA-depleted rats, without any changes a... Hormone and Metabolic Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5552798 Wed, 28 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5552798 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5552797&cid=s_36610_15_f&fid=36610&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1055%2Fs-0031-1297990 Horm Metab Res 2012; 44: 15-20DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1297990Glucocorticoid (GC) excess promotes adipose tissue accumulation, and 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11β-HSD1) plays an important role in the local amplification of GC. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the effects of carbenoxolone (CBX), an 11β-HSD1 inhibitor, on morphological changes in visceral fat, and the expression of genes involved in adipogenesis and lipid metabolism in high-fat (HF) diet-fed mice. Mice were fed a HF diet from 5 weeks of age. At 10 weeks of age, the mice received an intraperitoneal injection of CBX or vehicle every day for 2 weeks. CBX decreased body weight and visceral fat mass, and improved insulin sensitivity in HF-fed mice. This was accompanied by reduced adipocyte size and a decrease ... Hormone and Metabolic Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5552797 Wed, 28 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5552797 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5552796&cid=s_36610_15_f&fid=36610&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1055%2Fs-0031-1295416 Horm Metab Res 2012; 44: 33-40DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1295416The present study was designed to determine the antihyperglycemic function of ginsenoside Rh2 (GS-Rh2) by the regeneration of β-cells in mice that underwent 70% partial pancreatectomy (PPx), and to explore the mechanisms of GS-Rh2-induced β-cell proliferation. Adult C57BL/6J mice were subjected to PPx or a sham operation. Within 14 days post-PPx, mice that underwent PPx received GS-Rh2 (1 mg/kg body weight) or saline injection. GS-Rh2-treated mice exhibited an improved glycemia and glucose tolerance, an increased serum insulin levels, and β-cell hyperplasia. Meanwhile, increased β-cell proliferation percentages and decreased β-cell apoptosis percentages were also observed in GS-Rh2-treated mice. Further studies on the Akt/Foxo... Hormone and Metabolic Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5552796 Wed, 28 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5552796 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5544894&cid=s_36610_15_f&fid=36610&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1055%2Fs-0031-1297941 Horm Metab ResDOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1297941Hypothyroidism is a systemic disease resulting from either thyroid gland’s anatomical and functional absence or lack of hypophyseal stimulation, both of which can lead to deficiency in thyroid hormone (TH) production. TH is essential for human and animal development, growth, and function of multiple organs. Children with deficient TH can develop alterations in central nervous system (CNS), striated muscle, bone tissue, liver, bone marrow, and cardiorespiratory system. Among the clinical outlook are signs like breathing difficulty, cardiac insufficiency, dysphagia, and repeated bronchial aspiration, constipation, muscle weakness, cognitive alterations, cochlear dysfunction, reduced height, defects in temperature regulation, anaemia, jaundice, susce... Hormone and Metabolic Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5544894 Tue, 27 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5544894 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5544893&cid=s_36610_15_f&fid=36610&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1055%2Fs-0031-1299693 Horm Metab ResDOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1299693Reducing angiotensin II (Ang II) production via angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors is a key approach for the treatment of hypertension. However, these inhibitors may also affect other enzymes, such as angiotensinases and vasopressinase, responsible for the metabolism of other peptides also involved in blood pressure control, such as Ang 2-10, Ang III, Ang IV, and vasopressin. We analyzed the activity of these enzymes in the hypothalamus, plasma, and kidney of normotensive adult male rats after inhibition of ACE with captopril. Aspartyl- (AspAP), glutamyl- (GluAP), alanyl- (AlaAP) and cystinyl-aminopeptidase (CysAP) activities were measured fluorimetrically using arylamides as substrates. Systolic blood pressure (SBP), water intake, and u... Hormone and Metabolic Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5544893 Tue, 27 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5544893 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5538464&cid=s_36610_15_f&fid=36610&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1055%2Fs-0031-1298018 Horm Metab ResDOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1298018Insulin, insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), and leptin signaling have been proposed to play an important role in regulating energy homeostasis. In order to specifically address the role of neuronal IGF-1 receptor (IGF-1R) signaling for energy expenditure and metabolism we used conditional mutagenesis. Deletion of one copy of the IGF-1R specifically in post-mitotic neurons (nIGF-1R+/ − ) does not result in growth retardation or skeletal abnormalities. Interestingly, male nIGF-1R+/ −  mice accumulate less fat mass during aging accompanied with decreased leptin levels compared to wild-type littermates. Furthermore, male nIGF-1R+/ −  mice present with increased locomotor activity and energy expenditure. In contrast, female nIGF-1R+/... Hormone and Metabolic Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5538464 Fri, 23 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5538464 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5538463&cid=s_36610_15_f&fid=36610&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1055%2Fs-0031-1298027 Horm Metab ResDOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1298027A novel oral form of salmon calcitonin (sCT) was recently demonstrated to improve both fasting and postprandial glycemic control and induce weight loss in diet-induced obese and insulin-resistant rats. To further explore the glucoregulatory efficacy of oral sCT, irrespective of obesity and metabolic dysfunction, the present study investigated the effect of chronic oral sCT treatment on fasting and postprandial glycemic control in male lean healthy rats. 20 male rats were divided equally into a control group receiving oral vehicle or an oral sCT (2 mg/kg) group. All rats were treated twice daily for 5 weeks. Body weight and food intake were monitored during the study period and fasting blood glucose, plasma insulin and insulin sensitivity were dete... Hormone and Metabolic Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5538463 Fri, 23 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5538463 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5538462&cid=s_36610_15_f&fid=36610&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1055%2Fs-0031-1298017 This study showed that plasma GLP-1 level increased after gastric glucose challenge, and UCP2 maybe serve as a negative regulator in glucose-induced GLP-1 secretion in mouse gut tract.[...]© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New YorkArticle in Thieme eJournals:Table of contents  |  Abstract  |  Full text (Source: Hormone and Metabolic Research) Hormone and Metabolic Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5538462 Fri, 23 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5538462 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5525622&cid=s_36610_15_f&fid=36610&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1055%2Fs-0031-1297940 Horm Metab ResDOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1297940Synthetic cannabinoid receptor agonists activate lipoprotein lipase and the formation of lipid droplets in cultured adipocytes. Here we extend this work by examining whether Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), a major plant-derived cannabinoid, increases adipocyte size in vivo. Further, possibly as a consequence of hypertrophy, we hypothesize that THC exposure promotes macrophage infiltration into adipose tissue, an inflammatory state observed in obese individuals. Rats repeatedly exposed to THC in vivo had reduced body weight, fat pad weight, and ingested less food over the drug injection period. However, THC promoted adipocyte hypertrophy that was accompanied by a significant increase in cytosolic phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK-C) expression... Hormone and Metabolic Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5525622 Wed, 21 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5525622 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5505779&cid=s_36610_15_f&fid=36610&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1055%2Fs-0031-1297262 Horm Metab ResDOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1297262The purpose of the study was to assess the effects of aerobic exercise training on saliva steroid hormones [i. e., cortisol, dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), and testosterone], physical capacity, and quality of life in obese diabetic men. 8 abdominally obese type 2 diabetic men (59.5±1.7 years old, BMI=35.5±1.6 kg/m2, waist circumference=119.4±3.3 cm) and 9 healthy men (57.4±1.5 years old, BMI=24.5±0.8 kg/m2, waist circumference=92.3±1.9 cm) participated in the study. The obese diabetic men underwent 8 weeks of aerobic exercise training: twice a week 45 min sessions at 75% of peak heart rate and once a week 45 min session of intermittent exercise. Before and after training, steroid hormone concentrations were analyzed from saliva s... Hormone and Metabolic Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5505779 Thu, 15 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5505779 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5487665&cid=s_36610_15_f&fid=36610&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1055%2Fs-0031-1291366 Horm Metab Res 2011; 43: 911-918DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1291366Type 2 diabetes is often developed in genetically predisposed subjects combined with sedentary life style or environmental factors. In women with polycystic ovary syndrome, hyperandrogenism is often accompanied with hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance. Further, some studies have found associations of hyperandrogenemia with β-cell dysfunction and type 2 diabetes. We therefore tested the impairment effect of testosterone on glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in INS-1 cells. INS-1 cells were treated with different concentrations of testosterone and examined at different time points. In contrast to control, excess testosterone treatment for 48 h could promote glucose-stimulated insulin secretion and enhance pancreatic/duodenal... Hormone and Metabolic Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5487665 Wed, 07 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5487665 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5487664&cid=s_36610_15_f&fid=36610&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1055%2Fs-0031-1295461 Horm Metab ResDOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1295461The mineralocorticoid aldosterone is a key regulator of blood pressure, fluid and electrolyte homeostasis, and acts via the mineralocorticoid receptor (MR). In recent years, an increasing number of studies revealed deleterious effects of aldosterone via its receptor. Especially in patients with primary hyperaldosteronism (PHA) a significant higher risk of developing cardiovascular comorbidities and comortalities was reported. Also renal insufficiency is clearly increased in patients with PHA indicating a role of aldosterone and the MR in the pathogenesis of renal injury. It has been shown that aldosterone in combination with an elevated salt intake, leads to renal inflammation, fibrosis, podocyte injury, and mesangial cell proliferation. This review... Hormone and Metabolic Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5487664 Wed, 07 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5487664 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5487663&cid=s_36610_15_f&fid=36610&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1055%2Fs-0031-1295463 Horm Metab Res 2011; 43: 944-949DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1295463Inhibition of the receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL) is a novel therapeutic option in the treatment of osteoporosis and related diseases. The aim of this study was to evaluate bone metabolism and structure in pigs after RANKL inhibition. 12 growing pigs were assigned to 2 groups with 6 animals each. The OPG group received recombinant human OPG-Fc (5 mg/kg IV) at day 0, the control group was given 0.9% NaCl solution. Serum levels of OPG-Fc, calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P), and bone turnover markers were evaluated every 5 days, and pigs were euthanized on day 20. Serum OPG-Fc concentration peaked at day 5 and coincided with significantly decreased Ca, P, and bone turnover markers. By day 15, measureable OPG-Fc serum levels co... Hormone and Metabolic Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5487663 Wed, 07 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5487663 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5487662&cid=s_36610_15_f&fid=36610&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1055%2Fs-0031-1295462 Horm Metab Res 2011; 43: 907-910DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1295462A growing need exists to deliver effective and affordable prevention programs and to take urgent action to address the major public health challenge that diabetes represents. Achieving prevention of type 2 diabetes requires moving through a series of steps from basic science discovery to widespread distribution of effective interventions. Understanding the cellular level influences on diabetes prevention will help target particular interventions to those who may be most responsive. Several randomized controlled trials conducted throughout the world have demonstrated that type 2 diabetes can be prevented or delayed. Subsequent real-world translation studies have provided important information necessary to reduce cost and increase ac... Hormone and Metabolic Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5487662 Wed, 07 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5487662 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5477112&cid=s_36610_15_f&fid=36610&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1055%2Fs-0031-1295460 Horm Metab ResDOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1295460Although the aldosterone/renin ratio (ARR) is the most reliable screening test for primary aldo­steronism, false positives and negatives occur. Dietary salt restriction, concomitant malignant or renovascular hypertension, pregnancy and treatment with diuretics (including spironolactone), dihydropyridine calcium blockers, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors, and angiotensin receptor antagonists can produce false negatives by stimulating renin. We recently reported selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors lower the ratio. Because potassium regulates aldosterone, uncorrected hypokalemia can lead to false negatives. Beta-blockers, alpha-methyldopa, clonidine, and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs suppress renin, raising the ARR with potential fo... Hormone and Metabolic Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5477112 Tue, 06 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5477112 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5477111&cid=s_36610_15_f&fid=36610&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1055%2Fs-0031-1295439 Horm Metab ResDOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1295439Allantoin, an active principle of yam, is documented to lower plasma glucose in diabetic rats. However, action mechanisms of allantoin remain obscure. It has been indicated that metformin shows ability to activate imidazoline I-2 receptors (I-2R) to lower blood sugar. Allantoin has also a chemical structure similar to metformin; both belong to guanidinium derivative. Thus, it is of special interest to know the effect of allantoin on I-2R. In the present study, the marked plasma glucose-lowering action of allantoin in streptozotocin-induced type-1 like diabetic rats was blocked by specific I-2R antagonist, BU224, in a dose-dependent manner. Also, the increase of β-endorphin release by allantoin was blocked by BU224 in the same manner. Otherwise, ami... Hormone and Metabolic Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5477111 Tue, 06 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5477111 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5477110&cid=s_36610_15_f&fid=36610&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1055%2Fs-0031-1295459 Horm Metab ResDOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1295459An increased prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) has been reported in patients with primary aldosteronism (PA). DM is associated with abnormal structure and metabolism of circulating lipoproteins, which normally serve as a major source of cholesterol for adrenocortical steroidogenesis. The present study has been designed to investigate the effect of diabetically modified lipoproteins on adrenocortical aldosterone synthesis. Lipoproteins (VLDL, LDL, HDL) isolated from healthy volunteers, were subjected to oxidation or glycoxidation in the presence of sodium hypochlorite (3 mmol/l) or glucose (200 mmol/l), and aldosterone synthesis in human adrenocortical cells (H295R) was examined. Native and glycoxidized VLDL had greatest stimulatory effect on ... Hormone and Metabolic Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5477110 Tue, 06 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5477110 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5469483&cid=s_36610_15_f&fid=36610&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1055%2Fs-0031-1295438 Horm Metab ResDOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1295438There is an ongoing controversy on the prevalence of primary aldosteronism (PA). We aimed to update a meta-analysis published in 2008, that compiled studies reporting the prevalence of positive ARR screening tests and PA. We therefore reviewed original studies published in 2008 or later to examine whether current reports provide similar, higher or lower prevalences of elevated ARRs or PA than reports included in the original meta-analysis. A systematic review of English articles using PubMed was conducted. Search and extraction of articles were performed by one review author; the second review author checked all extracted data. We identified 11 eligible studies. The updated, weighted mean prevalences of elevated ARRs and PA in primary care (prevalen... Hormone and Metabolic Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5469483 Thu, 01 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5469483 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5458577&cid=s_36610_15_f&fid=36610&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1055%2Fs-0031-1291358 In this study we test the hypothesis that osteoblastic matrix mineralisation is altered at the onset of estrogen deficiency. In vitro cell culture experiments were carried out up to 28 days to compare the mineral production of MC3T3-E1 osteoblastic cells subject to estrogen deficiency (fulvestrant), enhanced estrogen supplementation (17-β-estradiol) or a combination of both. Mineralisation was detected using von Kossa staining and was quantified with alizarin red absorbance readings. The expression of osteocalcin and osteopontin proteins, markers of osteoblast differentiation and mineralisation, was monitored using immunohistochemistry. Our results demonstrate that estrogen enhancement improves matrix mineralisation by MC3T3 cells in vitro. Furthermore this study found a significant reduc... Hormone and Metabolic Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5458577 Mon, 28 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5458577 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5449959&cid=s_36610_15_f&fid=36610&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1055%2Fs-0031-1295409 Horm Metab ResDOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1295409Primary aldosteronism (PA) has a prevalence in the general hypertensive population from 5 to 10%, and is widely recognized as the most frequent form of secondary hypertension. The 2 main PA subtypes are aldosterone producing adenoma (APA) and bilateral adrenal hyperplasia (BAH) that account for 95% of all PA cases. The diagnosis of PA is a 3-step process that comprises screening, confirmatory testing, and subtype differentiation. The different categories of patients at an increased risk of PA who should thus undergo a screening test were described in the first Endocrine Society (ES) Practice Guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of PA published in 2008. These categories include patients with Joint National Committee Stage 2, Stage 3, or drug-resist... Hormone and Metabolic Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5449959 Fri, 25 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5449959 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5441632&cid=s_36610_15_f&fid=36610&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1055%2Fs-0031-1295412 This article reviews current knowledge regarding the prevalence and characteristics of the metabolic syndrome in primary aldosteronism, and discusses a possible pathophysiological link between aldosterone and its individual components other than hypertension. An abnormal glucose metabolism due to insulin resistance appears to be linked to aldosterone overproduction, and seems the major contributor to metabolic dysfunction in primary aldosteronism. Impairment of insulin action may be also due to concurrent environmental factors (hypokalemia?), and/or it might occur in compartments other than fat tissue (liver? skeletal muscle?). Higher rates of cardiovascular events reported in primary aldosteronism could be due in part to the increased prevalence of the metabolic syndrome in this disorder.... Hormone and Metabolic Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5441632 Thu, 24 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5441632 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5441633&cid=s_36610_15_f&fid=36610&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1055%2Fs-0031-1291345 Horm Metab ResDOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1291345 Trigonella foenum-graecum L. (fenugreek) has been described earlier and its use in ancient medicinal practice is well known. The hypoglycemic effects of fenugreek have been studied in many animal models and diabetic patients. The purpose of this study was to examine the preventive efficiency of dietary fenugreek on diet-induced metabolic diseases in rats. The diets used in this study were a standard diet, a high-fat high-sucrose (HFS) diet, and a HFS diet containing 0.5 g/kg b. w./day fenugreek based on the modified version of the AIN-93G purified diet, for 12 weeks, respectively. The rats fed the HFS diet containing fenugreek showed significantly lower fasting insulin levels and HOMA-IR than the rats fed the HFS diet. Therefore, fenugreek impr... Hormone and Metabolic Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5441633 Wed, 23 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5441633 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5441631&cid=s_36610_15_f&fid=36610&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1055%2Fs-0031-1295415 Horm Metab ResDOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1295415We aimed to investigate the subjective well-being in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer after hormone withdrawal. Since this might be confounded by psycho-oncological processes unrelated to hypothyroidism we intended to minimize such factors by only including patients with a history of uneventful follow-up examinations for several years.We investigated 67 patients applying the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) at 3 time points t1, t2, and t3. The time point t2 represented an intensified follow-up examination 5 years after thyroidectomy, which was performed either on hormone withdrawal (49 patients) or using rh-TSH (18 patients). The time points t1 and t3 took place during follow-up examinations 6 months before and after t2 in a euthyroi... Hormone and Metabolic Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5441631 Tue, 22 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5441631 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5441630&cid=s_36610_15_f&fid=36610&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1055%2Fs-0031-1291334 Horm Metab ResDOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1291334Maternal factors can have major imprinting effects on homeostatic mechanisms in the developing fetus and newborn. Here we studied whether supplemented perinatal polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) influence energy balance and fuel homeostasis later in life. Between day 10 after conception and day 10 after delivery, female rats were subjected to chow enriched with 10% fish-oil (FO-rich). Fish oil contains high concentrations of n-3 biosynthesis endpoint products, which may have caused the increased membrane phospholipid incorporation (particularly derived from the long-chain 20 +:n-3 PUFAs) in 10-day old pup brains. Adult male offspring of FO-rich fed rats had reduced body weight (− 20%) at 3 months, and had lower levels of plasma leptin (−â€... Hormone and Metabolic Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5441630 Tue, 22 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5441630 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5432255&cid=s_36610_15_f&fid=36610&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1055%2Fs-0031-1291304 Horm Metab Res 2011; 43: 872-876DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1291304Mature cystic teratomas are often found in gonadal sites, but are very rarely located extragonadally, for example, in retroperitoneum, mediastinum, central nervous system, lung, or liver. In the literature, only 10 cases of cystic teratoma originating from the diaphragm have been reported. Here, we report for the first time a metachronous occurrence of a benign mature cystic teratoma in the left diaphragm together with a serotonin-producing neuroendocrine tumor of the ileum. The 51-year-old, female patient received a partial resection of the ileum due to a neuroendocrine tumor (pT3N1M0) 4 years ago. Furthermore, she was operated for a benign cystadenoma of the right ovary 3 years ago. In her past medical history, she had an appende... Hormone and Metabolic Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5432255 Mon, 21 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5432255 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5432254&cid=s_36610_15_f&fid=36610&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1055%2Fs-0031-1291271 Horm Metab Res 2011; 43: 858-864DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1291271Here we tested whether global histone modifications predict survival in organic hyperinsulinism and whether global histone modification pattern can be used to distinguish benign from malignant primary insulinoma. A tissue microarray (TMA) was built, using samples from 63 patients with organic hyperinsulinism. The TMA was classified according to the WHO classification of 2004 [WHO 1A: benign insulinoma (wdPET); WHO 1B: unknown behavior (wdPETub); WHO 2/3: malignant insulinoma (wdPEC/pdPEC)]. The TMA consisted of tissue cores from islands of Langerhans, primary insulinomas, lymph node metastases, and hepatic metastases. Immunohistochemistry was performed on consecutive TMA slides with antibodies against H3K9Ac, H3K18Ac, H4K12Ac, H3K4... Hormone and Metabolic Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5432254 Mon, 21 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5432254 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5432253&cid=s_36610_15_f&fid=36610&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1055%2Fs-0031-1291307 Horm Metab Res 2011; 43: 825-831DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1291307Neuroendocrine neoplasms (NEN) appear homogeneous in terms of morphology, but constitute a very heterogeneous group of tumors in terms of biological and clinical features. NEN may occur in any organ, but are most commonly observed in the lung and the gastroenteropancreatic system (GEP). The European Neuroendocrine Tumor Society (ENETS) developed guidelines in the last 5 years to standardize and improve the diagnosis and therapy of GEP-NEN. Taking these guidelines into account, the TNM classification of the Union for International Cancer Control (UICC) was introduced in 2009. The new GEP-NEN classification of the World Health Organization (WHO) was presented 1 year later. According to the guidelines of the ENETS, the UICC, and the W... Hormone and Metabolic Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5432253 Mon, 21 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5432253 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5432252&cid=s_36610_15_f&fid=36610&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1055%2Fs-0031-1295404 Horm Metab ResDOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1295404An aberrant proliferation of mesangial cells (MCs) is one of the more important features of diabetic nephropathy (DN). Adiponectin, an adipocyte-derived hormone, has been associated with type 2 diabetes, a known cause of DN. Recent studies have suggested that adiponectin has a protective effect on the kidney. To elucidate the potential protective mechanism of adiponectin on kidney, we investigated the effects of adiponectin on platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-induced cell proliferation and intracellular signaling pathways in cultured Human MCs (HMCs). PDGF-induced HMC proliferation was significantly inhibited by the co-treatment of adiponectin. Adiponectin alone had no effect on HMC proliferation. The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and 40... Hormone and Metabolic Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5432252 Mon, 21 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5432252 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5432251&cid=s_36610_15_f&fid=36610&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1055%2Fs-0031-1291368 Horm Metab Res 2011; 43: 844-853DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1291368Neuroendocrine tumors (NET) are frequently diagnosed late and not amenable to curative surgery due to metastatic disease to the liver and lymph nodes. The disease is complex and heterogeneous given the various functionalities, distinct tumor growth patterns, and tumor spread upon diagnosis. Established therapies include somatostatin analogues, alpha-interferon, systemic chemotherapy, and loco-regional therapies of the liver. The availability of novel agents and expression of targets, such as growth factor receptors, different subtypes of somatostatin receptors, and the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) have led to the exploration of different classes of drugs and offer new treatment opportunities in neuroendocrine tumors. This r... Hormone and Metabolic Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5432251 Mon, 21 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5432251 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5432250&cid=s_36610_15_f&fid=36610&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1055%2Fs-0031-1291333 We report 38 patients with a NET of the pancreas. Tumor tissues were surgically resected, fixed in formalin, and embedded in paraffin. PTEN expression was evaluated by immunohistochemistry and was correlated with several clinical and pathological parameters of each individual tumor. After evaluation of our immunohistochemistry data using a modified Remmele Score, a widely accepted method for categorizing staining results for reports and statistical evaluation, staining results of PTEN expression were correlated with the clinical and pathological parameters of each individual tumor. Our data demonstrates a significant difference in survival with existence of lymph node or distant metastases. Negative patients show a significant better survival compared with positive patients. Furthermore, w... Hormone and Metabolic Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5432250 Mon, 21 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5432250 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5432249&cid=s_36610_15_f&fid=36610&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1055%2Fs-0031-1291328 Horm Metab Res 2011; 43: 823-824DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1291328© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New YorkArticle in Thieme eJournals:Table of contents  |  Full text (Source: Hormone and Metabolic Research) Hormone and Metabolic Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5432249 Mon, 21 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5432249 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5422740&cid=s_36610_15_f&fid=36610&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1055%2Fs-0031-1291318 Horm Metab ResDOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1291318Recent views suggest that long-term exposure to elevated aldosterone concentrations might result in cardiac, vascular, renal, and metabolic sequelae that occur independent of the blood pressure level. Indirect evidence of the untoward effects of aldosterone on the heart has been clearly established in clinical studies that have tested the effects of mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists in the treatment of systolic heart failure. As it has become clear in recent years, the interaction between aldosterone and the heart has to deal with additional actions of the hormone on specific cell types, cellular mechanisms, and molecules that are involved in regulation of tissue responses, leading to hypertrophy, remodeling, and fibrosis. The majority of these... Hormone and Metabolic Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5422740 Thu, 17 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5422740 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5388213&cid=s_36610_15_f&fid=36610&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1055%2Fs-0031-1291246 In conclusion, SR-rhGH treatment for 26 weeks reduced abdominal visceral fat and waist circumference without severe adverse events. Further studies may be considered on the role of weekly administered SR-rhGH as a treatment for abdominal obesity.[...]© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New YorkArticle in Thieme eJournals:Table of contents  |  Abstract  |  Full text (Source: Hormone and Metabolic Research) Hormone and Metabolic Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5388213 Wed, 09 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5388213 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5388209&cid=s_36610_15_f&fid=36610&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1055%2Fs-0031-1291285 This study shows modifications in the gene expression profile of the C2C12 cell line after rhGH exposure. In vitro and gene function analysis revealed genes involved in skeletal and muscle system as well as cardiovascular system development and function.[...]© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New YorkArticle in Thieme eJournals:Table of contents  |  Abstract  |  Full text (Source: Hormone and Metabolic Research) Hormone and Metabolic Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5388209 Wed, 09 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5388209 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5388216&cid=s_36610_15_f&fid=36610&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1055%2Fs-0031-1291305 Horm Metab ResDOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1291305Hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal-axis activity is suggested to be involved in the pathophysiology of the metabolic syndrome. In diet-induced obesity mouse models, features of the metabolic syndrome are induced by feeding high fat diet. However, the models reveal conflicting results with respect to the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal-axis activation. The aim of this review was to assess the effects of high fat feeding on the activity of the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal-axis in mice. PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, the Cochrane database, and Science Direct were electronically searched and reviewed by 2 individual researchers. We included only original mouse studies reporting parameters of the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal-axis after high fat feeding, ... Hormone and Metabolic Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5388216 Tue, 08 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5388216 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5388215&cid=s_36610_15_f&fid=36610&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1055%2Fs-0031-1291272 Horm Metab ResDOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1291272The toxic effects of aldosterone on the vasculature, and in particular on the endothelial layer, have been proposed as having an important role in the cardiovascular pathology observed in mineralocorticoid-excess states. In order to characterize the genomic molecular mechanisms driving the aldosterone-induced endothelial dysfunction, we performed an expression microarray on transcripts obtained from both human umbilical vein endothelial cells and human coronary artery endothelial cells stimulated with 10 − 7 M aldosterone for 18 h. The results were then subjected to qRT-PCR confirmation, also including a group of genes known to be involved in the control of the endothelial function or previously described as regulated by aldosterone. The s... Hormone and Metabolic Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5388215 Tue, 08 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5388215 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5388214&cid=s_36610_15_f&fid=36610&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1055%2Fs-0031-1291233 Horm Metab ResDOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1291233High levels of fetuin-A has been linked to cardiovascular disease, possibly via modulating low-grade systemic inflammation. We performed a subanalysis from the PIOSTAT study to investigate a possible link between fetuin-A and the inflammatory biomarker hs-CRP. 66 nondiabetic individuals at cardiovascular risk were randomized to either pioglitazone, simvastatin, or the combination of both, and followed for 12 weeks. At study endpoint, correlations between serum fetuin-A, hs-CRP, blood lipids, PAI-1, MMP-9, HOMA-IR, and liver transaminases were investigated by Spearman rank correlation. Changes in fetuin-A concentration did not correlate to changes in hs-CRP (r=0.19, p=0.16). A positive correlation was found for change of HOMA-IR value (r=0.33, p=0.01... Hormone and Metabolic Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5388214 Tue, 08 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5388214 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5388211&cid=s_36610_15_f&fid=36610&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1055%2Fs-0031-1291273 Horm Metab ResDOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1291273The aim of the study was to evaluate thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) concentration in a reference group and to compare it with the TSH in subjects with high probability of thyroid dysfunction. The study population consisted of 852 subjects. The reference group consisting of 316 subjects was obtained by the exclusion of the subjects having thyroid disease, taking thyroid influencing drugs, having increased thyroid peroxidase (TPO) antibodies, or having abnormal thyroid ultrasound. 42 high probability of thyroid dysfunction subjects were defined by the association of increased TPO antibody concentration, changed echogenicity, and changed echosonographic structure of thyroid parenchyma. In the reference group TSH reference range was 0.45 mU/l (95% ... Hormone and Metabolic Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5388211 Tue, 08 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5388211 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5388210&cid=s_36610_15_f&fid=36610&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1055%2Fs-0031-1291306 Horm Metab ResDOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1291306Adult obese carriers of the A allele of SNP rs324420 in the fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) gene lose more weight and improve associated phenotypes better than non-carriers during an intervention. We aimed to replicate this finding in obese children and adolescents undergoing a one year lifestyle intervention (Obeldicks program). A total of 453 overweight and obese children and adolescents (10.8±2.6 years, BMI-SDS 2.4±0.5; 55% girls) were genotyped for rs324420 (C/A) by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis. Participants were prescribed a balanced diet, containing 55 En% carbohydrates, 30 En% fat, and 15 En% proteins. Moreover, they took part in an exercise therapy once a week. Blood was taken at baseline and after 1 year of i... Hormone and Metabolic Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5388210 Tue, 08 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5388210 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5388212&cid=s_36610_15_f&fid=36610&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1055%2Fs-0031-1291249 Horm Metab ResDOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1291249Adrenal masses discovered incidentally during imaging studies – adrenal incidentalomas (AIs) – are common and prompt investigations to exclude secretory lesions and malignancy. Their best management strategy is unknown. Our objectives were to identify all outcomes of AI investigation in a UK centre and to assess the performance of the 2 mg low dose (LDDST) and 1 mg overnight dexamethasone (ODST) suppression tests in this setting. Out of 125 patients referred to our centre between 2005 and 2009 with AIs, 16 (12.8%) were diagnosed with secretory adrenal adenomas. 24 patients (23%) failed to suppress on LDDST or ODST using a serum cortisol cut-off of 50 nmol/l for both tests; in 12 this was due to false positive results. 5 patients were diagn... Hormone and Metabolic Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5388212 Wed, 02 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5388212 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5336785&cid=s_36610_15_f&fid=36610&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1055%2Fs-0031-1291177 Horm Metab Res 2011; 43: 737-742DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1291177There is significant interest in development of thyroid hormone analogues to harness specific properties as therapeutic agents for a variety of clinical indications including obesity, hypercholesterolemia, heart failure, and thyrotoxicosis. To date, most analogues have been designed to target liver specific effects, which can promote weight loss and lipid lowering through either tissue specific uptake or thyroid hormone receptor (TR) β isoform selectivity at the same time minimizing the unwanted cardiac and bone effects. We have developed a molecular biomarker assay to study the induction of the transcription of the cardiac specific α-myosin heavy chain (MHC) gene as a more sensitive and specific measure of thyroid hormone action... Hormone and Metabolic Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5336785 Tue, 18 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5336785 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5336784&cid=s_36610_15_f&fid=36610&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1055%2Fs-0031-1287854 Horm Metab Res 2011; 43: 754-759DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1287854Adipose tissue plays an important role in energy homeostasis; however, there is only little knowledge about its metabolic activity during critical illness or sepsis. We assessed adipose tissue metabolic activity and local blood flow during experimental endotoxemia in otherwise healthy humans. In a prospective, placebo controlled and randomized experiment we measured changes in lactate, glycerol, and pyruvate concentrations in microdialysate samples of femoral adipose tissue after an intravenous bolus of lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 4 ng/kg). Intravenous endotoxin caused an early and constant increase in interstitial pyruvate, while formation of lactate in adipose tissue was not affected. In contrast, lactate levels in serum were elev... Hormone and Metabolic Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5336784 Tue, 18 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5336784 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5336783&cid=s_36610_15_f&fid=36610&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1055%2Fs-0031-1286325 Horm Metab Res 2011; 43: 760-765DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1286325Patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) have an increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. There is increasing evidence that diabetes mellitus is associated with pathological hemorheological alterations, which might contribute to impaired coronary blood flow in coronary artery disease (CAD). We hypothesize that red blood cell (RBC) deformability is impaired in diabetic patients with CAD in comparison to nondiabetic patients with CAD. RBC deformability was mea­sured in 21 patients with CAD and type 2 diabetes mellitus (CAD + DM) and 24 patients with CAD (CAD – DM). RBC deformability was measured by the Laser-assisted optical rotational cell analyzer by determining the elongation index (EI). RBC deformability was reduc... Hormone and Metabolic Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5336783 Tue, 18 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5336783 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5336782&cid=s_36610_15_f&fid=36610&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1055%2Fs-0031-1287766 In this study, we have investigated the effects of GHRH antagonists (GHRHa) in ES-2 human clear cell ovarian cancer and in UCI-107 human serous ovarian cancer in vitro and in vivo. We evaluated the expression of mRNA for GHRH receptor, the binding to GHRH receptors, in specimens of ES-2 ovarian cancer. We evaluated also the in vitro effects of GHRHa on ES-2 cells and the in vivo effect of 2 different GHRHa on ES-2 and UCI-107 tumors. Nude mice bearing xenografts on ES-2 and UCI-107 ovarian cancer were treated with JMR-132 and MZ-J-7-118, respectively. Tumor growth was compared to control. ES-2 cells expressed mRNA for the functional splice variant SV1 of the GHRH receptor. JMR-132 inhibited cell proliferation in vitro by 42% and 18% at 10 and 1 μM concentration, respectively. Specific hig... Hormone and Metabolic Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5336782 Tue, 18 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5336782 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5336781&cid=s_36610_15_f&fid=36610&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1055%2Fs-0031-1286324 Horm Metab Res 2011; 43: 794-800DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1286324Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) can be sporadic or they can arise in complex hereditary syndromes. Patients with hereditary NETs can be identified before the development of tumors by performing genetic screenings. The aim of the study was to evaluate the clinical and prognostic impact of a preclinical genetic screening in subjects with hereditary NET syndromes. 46 subjects referred for hereditary NET syndrome [22 MEN1, 12 MEN2, 12 Familial Paragangliomatosis (FPGL)] were enrolled and divided in 2 groups (group A, 20 subjects with clinical appearance of NET before the genetic diagnosis; group B, 26 subjects with genetic diagnosis of hereditary NET syndromes before the clinical appearance of NETs). The main outcome measures were severit... Hormone and Metabolic Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5336781 Tue, 18 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5336781 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5336780&cid=s_36610_15_f&fid=36610&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1055%2Fs-0031-1287794 Horm Metab ResDOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1287794Neuroendocrine gastrointestinal and pancreatic tumors (GEP-NETs) are a heterogenous group of cancers with various clinical expressions. All tumors produce and secret various amines and peptides, which can be used as tissue and circulating markers. Chromogranin A (CgA) is a general tumor marker stored in secretory granules within the tumor cell and released upon stimulation. CgA is the best general tumor marker at the moment, expressed in 80–90% in all patients with GEP-NETs. CgA and NSE are used as tissue markers for the delineation of the neuroendocrine features of the tumors, but recently also the proliferation marker Ki-67 has been included in the standard procedure for evaluation of the proliferation. GEP-NETs are classified into well differen... Hormone and Metabolic Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5336780 Tue, 18 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5336780 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5336779&cid=s_36610_15_f&fid=36610&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1055%2Fs-0031-1286305 In this study, we show the effects of oxidative stress present in the blood from obese patients on recombinant human insulin. Insulin was incubated with whole blood (WB) from overweight subjects (OW), obese 1 patients (O1), or normal weight volunteers (NW) (n=16 for each group). Whole blood from OW and O1, unlike WB from NW, increased the carbonyl content of insulin; however, only whole blood from O1 patients increased the amount of formazan present in the hormone. Interestingly, the incubation of insulin with WB from O1 provoked a decrease in the hypoglycemic activity of the hormone (18%), an effect due to insulin polymerization. In addition, we showed that the formation of the insulin polymer generated the formation of new epitopes and the development of a new immunogenicity. These obser... Hormone and Metabolic Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5336779 Tue, 18 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5336779 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5336778&cid=s_36610_15_f&fid=36610&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1055%2Fs-0031-1286279 Horm Metab Res 2011; 43: 743-747DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1286279In a recent genome-wide association study investigating Han Chinese PCOS women 3 loci that are strongly associated with PCOS were identified on chromosome 2p16.3 (rs13405728), 2p21 (rs13429458), and 9q33.3 (rs2479106). The aim of the study was to investigate the impact of rs13405728, rs13429458, and rs2479106 variants on PCOS susceptibility in a Caucasian cohort of PCOS and control women. Metabolic, endocrine, and anthropometric measurements and oral glucose tolerance tests were performed in 545 PCOS and 317 control women. The rs13405728, rs13429458, and rs2479106 polymorphisms were genotyped. There was no significant difference in genotype frequencies of rs13405728 and rs13429458 variants between PCOS and controls. There was a tre... Hormone and Metabolic Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5336778 Tue, 18 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5336778 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5336777&cid=s_36610_15_f&fid=36610&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1055%2Fs-0031-1287767 Horm Metab Res 2011; 43: 809-815DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1287767Visceral fat accumulation relates to cardiovascular risk factors, but the underlying mechanisms are not well understood. We investigated the role of visceral adipocyte triglyceride breakdown (lipolysis) for several risk factors of cardiovascular disease. In 73 obese women, fat mass and distribution, blood pressure, blood samples for cardiometabolic risk factors, and whole-body insulin sensitivity were determined. A subcutaneous and a visceral fat biopsy were taken. Fat cell glycerol release after stimulation with a major lipolytic hormone, noradrenaline, was measured. In simple regression analysis, visceral fat cell lipolysis, but not subcutaneous adipocyte lipolysis was related to components of the metabolic syndrome. Moreover, su... Hormone and Metabolic Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5336777 Tue, 18 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5336777 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5336776&cid=s_36610_15_f&fid=36610&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1055%2Fs-0031-1287783 Horm Metab Res 2011; 43: 801-808DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1287783The purpose of this study was to determine whether long-term modulation of inflammatory activity by tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α inhibitors has some influence on insulin resistance (IR). 16 active rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients without CV risk factors treated with anti-TNF-α agents were included in this study. RA activity by disease activity score 28, IR by HOMA2-IR, body composition by impedance analysis, physical activity by accelerometry, abdominal fat distribution by magnetic resonance imaging, and serum level of key adipokines by ELISA were measured at baseline and during a 1-year follow-up period. Patient body mass index increased significantly (26.94±3.88 vs. 28.06±4.57 kg/m2, p=0.02) after 1 year of treatment. Bo... Hormone and Metabolic Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5336776 Tue, 18 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5336776 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5336775&cid=s_36610_15_f&fid=36610&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1055%2Fs-0031-1287855 Horm Metab Res 2011; 43: 774-781DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1287855We have previously shown that soy protein isolate (SPI) with intact phytoestrogen content prevented obesity-related dysfunction. Recent data have suggested that soy ingredients may act as regulators of adipogenic programming in adipose tissue (AT) and liver. Thus, the current study was undertaken to determine whether the beneficial effects of SPI are linked to changes in adipogenic regulators, such as the Wnt signaling cascade. For this, lean (LZR) and obese Zucker (OZR) rats were provided isocaloric and isonitrogenous diets containing SPI, sodium caseinate, or dairy whey protein for 17 weeks. At termination, SPI increased body weight and total adiposity in rodents, which corresponded with an increase in both adipocyte size and num... Hormone and Metabolic Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5336775 Tue, 18 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5336775 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5336774&cid=s_36610_15_f&fid=36610&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1055%2Fs-0031-1287793 Horm Metab Res 2011; 43: 766-773DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1287793 p-Methoxycinnamic acid (p-MCA) is a cinnamic acid derivative that shows various pharmacologic actions such as hepatoprotective and antihyperglycemic activities. The present study was to elucidate the mechanisms by which p-MCA increases [Ca2+]i and insulin secretion in INS-1 cells. p-MCA (100 μM) increased [Ca2+]i in INS-1 cells. The p-MCA-induced insulin secretion and rise in [Ca2+]i were markedly inhibited in the absence of extracellular Ca2+ or in the presence of an L-type Ca2+ channel blocker nimodipine. These results suggested that p-MCA increased Ca2+ influx via the L-type Ca2+ channels. Diazoxide, an ATP-sensitive K+ channel opener, did not alter p-MCA-induced insulin secretion, nor [Ca2+]i response. In addition, p-MCA en... Hormone and Metabolic Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5336774 Tue, 18 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5336774 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5336773&cid=s_36610_15_f&fid=36610&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1055%2Fs-0031-1286333 Horm Metab Res 2011; 43: 782-787DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1286333Despite the efforts to control the epidemic of diabetes the total number of people living with diabetes is still steadily rising. In order to detect people at risk, cost-effective, convenient, and sensitive screening tools to assess the diabetes risk and to detect undiagnosed type 2 diabetes need to be developed and implemented in the primary care setting. To evaluate the combination of the well established FINDRISK questionnaire and HbA1c testing as a potential screening strategy the data obtained from 671 blood donors were analyzed for a potential correlation with the results of an oral glucose tolerance test. Based on the oral glucose tolerance test, 65 blood donors (9.7%) were newly diagnosed with diabetes, 336 (50.1%) with pre... Hormone and Metabolic Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5336773 Tue, 18 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5336773 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5336772&cid=s_36610_15_f&fid=36610&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1055%2Fs-0031-1287795 Horm Metab Res 2011; 43: 788-793DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1287795There are conflicting results regarding the frequency of gestational diabetes (GDM) in Hungary. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of GDM and to clarify the association between selected maternal characteristics and GDM risk. In a population-based screening program of GDM in Tolna County, Hungary, 75 g OGTTs were offered to all pregnant women between 24–28 weeks of gestation and evaluated according to WHO criteria in 2000 (WHO GDM). Women were also classified based on the IADPSG criteria (IADPSG GDM). Selected risk factors were recorded by district nurses. OGTT results were available for 1 835 (81.2%) pregnancies out of 2 261. Altogether 159 (8.7%) were diagnosed as WHO GDM and 304 (16.6%) as IADPSG GDM. Ge... Hormone and Metabolic Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5336772 Tue, 18 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5336772 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5305024&cid=s_36610_15_f&fid=36610&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1055%2Fs-0031-1291208 Horm Metab ResDOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1291208Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common condition in women associated with menstrual irregularity and anovulation. While obesity worsens and weight loss or exercise improves reproduction function in PCOS, the mechanism for this is unclear. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of exercise on ovarian hormones [anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH)] and menstrual and ovulatory function in women with and without PCOS. Overweight women with (n=7) and without (n=8) PCOS of comparable age, weight and BMI undertook a 12-week intensified endurance exercise training program (1 h 3 times/week) with no structured energy restriction. Primary outcomes were AMH, ovulation (weekly urinary pregnanediol) and menstrual regularity. Secondary outcomes were ins... Hormone and Metabolic Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5305024 Tue, 11 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5305024 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5305023&cid=s_36610_15_f&fid=36610&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1055%2Fs-0031-1291182 Horm Metab ResDOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1291182To date the best defined function of prolactin (PRL) is its action on the ovary and mammary gland, although it has also been shown to have an effect on lipid metabolism. Using mice engineered to express only the long form of the prolactin receptor (PRL-RL), we demonstrate that PRL acting through PRL-RL alone causes severe adipose accumulation in visceral fat of males at 6 months of age. The increase in visceral fat accumulation is attributed to loss of adipose-derived leptin, which results in diminished lipolysis. The reduction in leptin also corresponds to decreased activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), which further results in diminished fatty acid oxidation and increased fatty acid synthesis. Interestingly, the blunted AMPK response ... Hormone and Metabolic Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5305023 Tue, 11 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5305023 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5305022&cid=s_36610_15_f&fid=36610&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1055%2Fs-0031-1284354 Horm Metab ResDOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1284354Treatment of patients with undifferentiated and histologically confirmed neuroendocrine tumors (NET) usually includes chemotherapeutic intervention. This retrospective study evaluated the outcome of 2 such chemotherapies. 18 patients (11 males; age 56.2±2.5) with proven progressive disease were enrolled (mean Ki-67 34±5%). Patients were treated from 2005 to 2007 with regimen A (carboplatin, etoposide, paclitaxel), and from 2007 to 2009 with regimen B (cisplatin, etoposide). This change was due to low tolerability of regimen A. The standard imaging procedure was computed tomography. 8 patients underwent treatment with regimen A (mean 3.3±0.7 courses). Due to severe side effects, 3 patients had their therapy prematurely discontinued. The treatment ... Hormone and Metabolic Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5305022 Tue, 11 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5305022 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5305021&cid=s_36610_15_f&fid=36610&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1055%2Fs-0031-1287769 Horm Metab ResDOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1287769A combination of basic research observations concerning the interaction of somatostatin (SST) and dopamine (DA) receptors, and clinical reports of enhanced efficacy of combined SST and DA analogue treatment in suppressing GH hypersecretion, lead to the concept of creating chimeric molecules combining structural features of both compound classes. The resulting SST/DA chimeras retain the ability to interact with receptors of both families and display greatly enhanced potency and efficacy, as compared with that of individual SST or DA receptor agonists. In vitro studies with pituitary adenoma cells from acromegalic patients have demonstrated that the chimeric molecules have exceptional activity with regard to suppression of GH and prolactin secretion. ... Hormone and Metabolic Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5305021 Tue, 11 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5305021 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5286322&cid=s_36610_15_f&fid=36610&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1055%2Fs-0031-1284382 Horm Metab ResDOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1284382During the last 30 years the incidence of neuroendocrine tumors has increased considerably and the overall 5-year survival rate has not changed substantially. Conventional therapeutic approaches appear to show an unsatisfactory effect in the more insidious forms of malignancies. Hence, attempts were made to direct the patient’s own immune system against cancer by vaccinating against different tumor antigens. Up to date, only sporadic achievements were demonstrated in the majority cases of vaccination trials. One of the main hindrances to a successful vaccination comprises tumor-immune-escape mechanisms. This review focuses on the current knowledge concerning tumor immunoevasion strategies and the immune system in neuroendocrine tumors.[...]© Geor... Hormone and Metabolic Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5286322 Tue, 04 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5286322 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5274555&cid=s_36610_15_f&fid=36610&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1055%2Fs-0031-1284381 Horm Metab ResDOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1284381The successful introduction of rationally targeted agents into standard cancer care is a testimony of the vast knowledge base in tumor biology. However, in order to provide individually tailored therapy to patients and to identify small subsets of patients with a high likelihood to benefit from treatment, the identification of biomarkers for response or resistance to a particular therapeutic regimen is imperative. Herein, by the use of a genetically engineered mouse model of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors, we have assessed the utility of pericyte characteristics in terms of differential marker expression to serve as surrogate markers for response or evasive resistance to anti-angiogenic therapy. We found that tumors refractory to therapy following... Hormone and Metabolic Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5274555 Thu, 29 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5274555 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5238605&cid=s_36610_15_f&fid=36610&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1055%2Fs-0031-1286299 Horm Metab Res 2011; 43: e1-e1DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1286299Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · NewYorkArticle in Thieme eJournals:Table of contents  |  FREE Full text (Source: Hormone and Metabolic Research) Hormone and Metabolic Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5238605 Wed, 21 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5238605 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5238611&cid=s_36610_15_f&fid=36610&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1055%2Fs-0031-1286297 This study analyzed upper limits of normal (ULN, mean + 2 SD) for 2 newer immunoassays, using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) as reference method. Each 10 healthy subjects were grouped by age (18–29; 30–49; ≥ 50 years), BMI (< 25; ≥ 25 kg/m2), and sex, resulting in a total of 120 controls (60 males; age: 39.3±1.3 years; BMI: 25.9±0.4 kg/m2). ULN were calculated for a radioimmunoassay (RIA, Immunotech) and an electrochemiluminescence immunoassay (ECLIA, Roche) and applied to 12 hypercortisolemic patients (4 males; age: 53.1±3.1 years; BMI: 29.1±1.8 kg/m2). To determine degradation, samples were stored at 4°C (without light) or 22°C (with and without light) for 0, 24, and 72 h. Cortisol concentrations were significantly correlated: r=0.88 for... Hormone and Metabolic Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5238611 Mon, 19 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5238611 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5238610&cid=s_36610_15_f&fid=36610&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1055%2Fs-0031-1286259 Horm Metab Res 2011; 43: 708-713DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1286259Metformin (dimethylbiguanide) belongs to guanidinium-derivative and is widely used for treatment of diabetic disorders in clinic. Metformin lowers blood glucose in diabetic animals through increase of glucose uptake into skeletal muscle. Recent evidence indicates that activation of imidazoline I2B receptor (I2BR) by guanidinium-derivatives also increased glucose uptake; however, the effect of metformin on I2BR is still unknown. The blood glucose levels were determined by a glucose kit. The ability of glucose uptake into isolated skeletal muscle or cultured C2C12 cells was determined using 2-[14C]-deoxyglucose as tracer. The expressions of 5′ AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and glucose transporter 4 (GLUT-4) were identified by... Hormone and Metabolic Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5238610 Mon, 19 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5238610 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5238609&cid=s_36610_15_f&fid=36610&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1055%2Fs-0031-1286306 This study further investigated that formononetin inactivated IGF1/IGF1R-PI3K/Akt pathways and decreased cyclin D1 mRNA and protein expression in human breast cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. MCF-7 cells were treated with different concentrations of formononetin. The proliferation of the cells treated with formononetin was tested by MTT assay. The cell cycle in the treated cells was examined by flow cytometry. The levels of p-IGF-1 R, p-Akt, and cyclin D1 protein expression and cyclin D1 mRNA expression in the treated cells were determined by Western blot and RT-PCR, respectively. In addition, the antitumor activity of formononetin was evaluated in nude mice bearing orthotopic tumor implants. Compared with the control, formononetin inhibited the proliferation of MCF-7 cells and effec... Hormone and Metabolic Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5238609 Mon, 19 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5238609 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5238608&cid=s_36610_15_f&fid=36610&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1055%2Fs-0031-1286307 Horm Metab Res 2011; 43: 723-727DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1286307Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) is largely expressed throughout folliculogenesis and its levels may represent both the quantity and quality of ovarian follicle pool. We conducted this study to evaluate the levels of AMH in women with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) before and after metformin therapy. 22 consecutive patients with PCOS and 20 healthy age-matched controls were investigated. The patients received 2 550 mg/day metformin for 6 months. Serum levels of AMH, sex hormones, insulin, blood glucose, and lipids were measured before and after metformin therapy. The basal AMH levels in patients with PCOS (42.34±6.42 pmol/l) were significantly elevated in comparison with the controls (21.58±3.41 pmol/l), p=0.008. 17 pati... Hormone and Metabolic Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5238608 Mon, 19 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5238608 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5238607&cid=s_36610_15_f&fid=36610&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1055%2Fs-0031-1285868 In conclusion, the excellent correlation we found between the Tg assays make the fully automated KRYPTOR® Tg assay interchangeable with the established Dyno-test® Tg-plus in patients with DTC. A very high qualitative concordance rate was found between Dyno-test® TgAbn and KRYPTOR® TgAb assays, making these methods interchangeable to screen sera for the presence of TgAb. However, since quantitative discordances still occurred in some patients a re-baseline of TgAb positive patients is strongly supported before changing the TgAb assay method.[...]Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New YorkArticle in Thieme eJournals:Table of contents  |  Abstract  |  Full text (Source: Hormone and Metabolic Research) Hormone and Metabolic Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5238607 Mon, 19 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5238607 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5238606&cid=s_36610_15_f&fid=36610&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1055%2Fs-0031-1286284 Horm Metab Res 2011; 43: 674-680DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1286284It has been known that the changes in gonadal steroids are closely associated with adipose tissue metabolism. Domestic pigs have been a well-recognized experimental animal in biomedical research because of their similarity to humans in body size and other physiological/anatomical features. The aims of this study were to investigate the influence of castration-induced sex hormone deficiency on serum lipid levels and the genes expression of key enzymes associated with lipogenic and lipolytic processes in male pigs. The experimental animals consisted of 2 groups slaughtered on 147th and 210th day, respectively. In each of the group, 7 full-sib pairs of castrated and intact male hybrids from Yorkshire dams sired by Landrace were contai... Hormone and Metabolic Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5238606 Mon, 19 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5238606 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5238604&cid=s_36610_15_f&fid=36610&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1055%2Fs-0031-1284383 Horm Metab Res 2011; 43: 731-734DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1284383Sitagliptin is a stable inhibitor of dipeptidyl peptidase-IV, a responsible enzyme that mainly inactivates glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), and now one of the widely used agents for the treatment of diabetes. However, effects of sitagliptin on vascular injury are largely unknown. Since advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and their receptor (RAGE) axis contribute to vascular damage in diabetes, we investigated here whether sitagliptin inhibits the AGE-RAGE-induced endothelial cell damage in vitro. Although effects of 10 pM GLP-1 or 0.5 μM sitagliptin monotherapy on RAGE gene and protein expression were modest, combination therapy completely blocked the AGE-induced increase in RAGE mRNA and protein levels in human umbilical v... Hormone and Metabolic Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5238604 Mon, 19 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5238604 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5238603&cid=s_36610_15_f&fid=36610&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1055%2Fs-0031-1285909 Horm Metab Res 2011; 43: 693-701DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1285909Neonate male rats whose mothers were nicotine-treated during lactation have higher adiposity, hyperleptinemia, and adrenal dysfunction. At adulthood, they still present higher adiposity and hyperleptinemia, but there was no report about their adrenal function. Also, there was no report of this developmental plasticity on females. Here, we evaluated the adrenal function and leptin content in adipocytes and muscle of male and female adult offspring whose mothers were nicotine-treated during lactation. On the 2nd postnatal day (PN2), dams were subcutaneously implanted with osmotic minipumps releasing nicotine (NIC-6 mg/kg/day) or saline for 14 days (12 litters/group and 2 rats/litter). Male and female offspring were killed on PN180.... Hormone and Metabolic Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5238603 Mon, 19 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5238603 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5238602&cid=s_36610_15_f&fid=36610&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1055%2Fs-0031-1285867 In conclusion, our data shed light on the role of DHEAS at physiologic concentrations in maintaining muscle mass.[...]Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New YorkArticle in Thieme eJournals:Table of contents  |  Abstract  |  Full text (Source: Hormone and Metabolic Research) Hormone and Metabolic Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5238602 Mon, 19 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5238602 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5238601&cid=s_36610_15_f&fid=36610&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1055%2Fs-0031-1286309 Horm Metab Res 2011; 43: 669-673DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1286309The American College of Sports Medicine recommends lifting a weight of at least 70% 1RM to achieve muscular hypertrophy as it is believed that anything below this intensity rarely produces substantial muscle growth. At least part of this recommendation is related to elevated systemic hormones following heavy resistance training being associated with skeletal muscle hypertrophy. Despite benefits of high intensity resistance training, many individuals are unable to withstand the high mechanical stresses placed upon the joints during heavy resistance training. Blood flow restricted exercise offers a novel mode of exercise allowing skeletal muscle hypertrophy at low intensities, however the testosterone response to this exercise has ye... Hormone and Metabolic Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5238601 Mon, 19 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5238601 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5238600&cid=s_36610_15_f&fid=36610&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1055%2Fs-0031-1286308 Horm Metab Res 2011; 43: 687-692DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1286308Compounds that delay aging in model organisms may be of significant interest to antiaging medicine, since these substances potentially provide pharmaceutical approaches to promote healthy lifespan in humans. The aim of the study was to test whether pharmaceutical concentrations of the glycolytic inhibitor lonidamine are capable of extending lifespan in a nematodal model organism for aging processes, the roundworm Caenorhabditis elegans. Several hundreds of adult C. elegans roundworms were maintained on agar plates and fed E. coli strain OP50 bacteria. Lonidamine was applied to test whether it may promote longevity by quantifying survival in the presence and absence of the compound. In addition, several biochemical and metabolic ass... Hormone and Metabolic Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5238600 Mon, 19 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5238600 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5238599&cid=s_36610_15_f&fid=36610&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1055%2Fs-0031-1286310 Horm Metab Res 2011; 43: 720-722DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1286310The incidence of both type 2 diabetes and cardiac events is reported to be higher during winter, indicating a putative annual periodic change in insulin sensitivity (IS). Annual differences in IS – quantified as HOMA-%S and Matsuda-Sensitivity Index – were analyzed using a cosine wave-fitting algorithm in a cross-sectional study group including 2 385 participants. Additionally, semi-annual differences in IS were compared. We found periodicity for HOMA-%S and Matsuda-Sensitivity Index (p=0.02 or 0.006), which was strengthened after restriction to participants without diabetes (p=0.009 or 0.004). The rhythm amplitude of 0.08 indicated moderate changes in IS throughout the year. IS was significantly higher when participants were... Hormone and Metabolic Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5238599 Mon, 19 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5238599 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5098429&cid=s_36610_15_f&fid=36610&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1055%2Fs-0031-1283139 Horm Metab Res 2011; 43: 660-666DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1283139AbstractObesity is more common in African than Asian-Indian populations and yet type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases are more common in the latter populations. The main purpose of the current study was therefore to determine whether ethnic differences in body fat distribution, adipokine levels, and socio-economic status may explain population differences in the prevalence of these metabolic disorders. Leptin, IL-6, CRP, visceral fat, education level, and socio-economic status were measured in 50 African and the same number of Indian women residing in Johannesburg, South Africa. Serum leptin levels were significantly higher in Indian than African subjects (41.3±2.0 and 34.2±2.9 ng/ml, respectively; p<0.05). TNF-&#9... Hormone and Metabolic Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5098429 Thu, 04 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5098429 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5098428&cid=s_36610_15_f&fid=36610&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1055%2Fs-0031-1283162 Horm Metab Res 2011; 43: 653-659DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1283162AbstractNo consensus exists whether subclinical thyroid disease should be treated or just observed. Untreated overt thyroid disease is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease, and this study was conducted to assess the risk of cardiovascular events in subclinical thyroid disease. The population-based prospective study was conducted in Denmark. A total of 609 subjects from general practice aged 50 years or above with normal left ventricular function were examined. During a median of 5 years of follow-up, major cardiovascular events were documented. In subjects with abnormal TSH at baseline, information about potential thyroid treatment during follow-up was obtained from case reports and mailings. At baseline, 549 (9... Hormone and Metabolic Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5098428 Thu, 04 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5098428 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5098427&cid=s_36610_15_f&fid=36610&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1055%2Fs-0031-1284352 Horm Metab Res 2011; 43: 646-652DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1284352AbstractExercise-associated hyponatremia (EAH) is a well know electrolyte disorder in endurance athletes. Although fluid overload is the most like etiology, recent studies, however, argued whether EAH is a disorder of vasopressin secretion. The aims of the present study were to investigate (i) the prevalence of EAH in male ultra-marathoners and (ii) whether fluid intake, aldosterone or vasopressin, as measured by copeptin, were associated with post-race serum sodium concentration ([Na+]). In 50 male ultra-marathoners in a 100 km ultra-marathon, serum [Na+], aldosterone, copeptin, serum and urine osmolality, and body mass were measured pre- and post-race. Fluid intake, renal function parameters and urine excretion were measure... Hormone and Metabolic Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5098427 Thu, 04 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5098427 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5098426&cid=s_36610_15_f&fid=36610&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1055%2Fs-0031-1283150 Horm Metab Res 2011; 43: 642-645DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1283150AbstractMetabolic syndrome is a complex clinical disorder characterized by obesity, a disturbance of glucose metabolism, dyslipidemia, and hypertension, leading to increased cardiovascular risk. Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is a proinflammatory cytokine produced both by innate immune cells and by adipocytes, and it plays an important role in inflammatory and cardiovascular diseases. The goal of this study was to evaluate the expression of circulating MIF in patients with metabolic syndrome. A study was conducted involving 172 persons who attended the Jeju National University Hospital Health Promotion Center. Among the 172 subjects, 88 patients with metabolic syndrome and 84 healthy control subjects were included. Se... Hormone and Metabolic Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5098426 Thu, 04 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5098426 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5098425&cid=s_36610_15_f&fid=36610&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1055%2Fs-0031-1283192 Horm Metab Res 2011; 43: 636-641DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1283192AbstractThe renal function of rats whose mothers had hypoprolactinemia at the end of lactation was evaluated during development. Lactating Wistar rats were treated with bromocriptine (BRO, 1 mg twice a day, s.c.) or saline on days 19, 20, and 21 of lactation, and their male offspring were followed from weaning until 180 days old. 1 rat from each of the 12 litters/group was evaluated at 2 time points (90 and 180 days). Body and kidney weights, sodium, potassium, and creatinine were measured. Values were considered significant when p<0.05. Adult BRO-treated offspring presented higher body weight (+10%), lower relative renal weight at 90 and 180 days (−9.2% and −15.7%, respectively), glomerulosclerosis, and peritu... Hormone and Metabolic Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5098425 Thu, 04 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5098425 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5098424&cid=s_36610_15_f&fid=36610&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1055%2Fs-0031-1283147 Horm Metab Res 2011; 43: 625-630DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1283147AbstractHyperlipidemia is an important risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. Agents for the treatment of hyperlipidemia are well-developed in the clinic while PPARα is a target for lipid-lowering agents. Shan-Zha (Crataegus pinnatifida) is a traditional Chinese medicine used to increase digestion. Also, Shan-Zha fruit extract showed merit to improve obesity and hyperlipidemia in hamsters; however, the mechanism remained obscure. In the present study, hypertriglycemia and hypercholesterolemia were induced by high fat diet in C57BL/6 J male mice. Then, they were orally administered with Shan-Zha fruit extract at an effective dose of 250 mg/kg for 7 days. The liver was removed to estimate the expressions of PPAR&#9... Hormone and Metabolic Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5098424 Thu, 04 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5098424 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5098423&cid=s_36610_15_f&fid=36610&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1055%2Fs-0031-1283148 We examined here whether AGE-RAGE axis could impair cholesterol efflux from human macrophage cells, THP-1 cells by suppressing ABCA1 and ABCG1 expression. We further investigated the effects of rosuvastatin on cholesterol efflux from AGE-exposed THP-1 cells. AGE increased reactive oxygen species generation in THP-1 cells, which was completely inhibited by rosuvastatin, anti-RAGE-antibody or diphenylene iodonium chloride (DPI), an inhibitor of NADPH oxidase. The antioxidative effect of rosuvastatin on AGE-exposed THP-1 cells was significantly prevented by geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate (GGPP). AGE decreased ABCA1 and ABCG1 mRNA levels, and subsequently reduced cholesterol efflux from THP-1 cells, which was prevented by GGPP. DPI mimicked the effects of rosuvastain. The results demonstrated th... Hormone and Metabolic Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5098423 Thu, 04 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5098423 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5098422&cid=s_36610_15_f&fid=36610&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1055%2Fs-0031-1283149 Horm Metab Res 2011; 43: 614-618DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1283149Abstract17β-Estradiol has been demonstrated to protect blood-brain barrier from disruption and attenuate brain injury in various conditions. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of 17β-estradiol on the blood-retina barrier (BRB) breakdown induced by intravitreous injection of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), a significant mediator of vascular permeability. Intravitreous injection of VEGF was performed to initiate BRB breakdown in male rats with PBS in the contralateral eye as control. 2 doses of 17β-estradiol and vehicle control were given to 3 groups of rats. The integrity of the BRB was quantified by Evans blue technique and assessed by fluorescent dyes in retinal sections and wholemounts. ... Hormone and Metabolic Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5098422 Thu, 04 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5098422 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5098421&cid=s_36610_15_f&fid=36610&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1055%2Fs-0031-1284355 This study demonstrates the loss of the normal homeostatic balance between oxidant-antioxidant state in obese children and adolescents with manifestations of partial and full MetS.[...]Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New YorkArticle in Thieme eJournals:Table of contents  |  Abstract  |  Full text (Source: Hormone and Metabolic Research) Hormone and Metabolic Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5098421 Thu, 04 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5098421 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5098420&cid=s_36610_15_f&fid=36610&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1055%2Fs-0031-1283138 Horm Metab Res 2011; 43: 601-606DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1283138AbstractAcetyl CoA carboxylase isoforms 1 and 2 (ACC1/2) are key enzymes of fat metabolism and their inhibition has been postulated to be beneficial for the treatment of the metabolic syndrome by decreasing ectopic fat accumulation. In order to validate this approach pharmacologically, we characterized the chronic effect of the small molecule ACC1/2 inhibitor SAR210 in 2 rodent models of fatty liver. Chronic administration of SAR210 increased serum ketone levels in both diet-induced obese mice and female ZDF rats. The inhibitor neither reduced hepatic triglycerides nor influenced body weight in either diet-induced obese mice or female ZDF rats. Thus, chronic pharmacological inhibition of ACC1/2 stimulated fat oxidation, which was, ... Hormone and Metabolic Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5098420 Thu, 04 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5098420 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5098419&cid=s_36610_15_f&fid=36610&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1055%2Fs-0031-1284353 Horm Metab Res 2011; 43: 593-600DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1284353AbstractPregnancy and puerperium are periods of intense hormonal changes. Maternal metabolism adapts to spare the mother from harm on behalf of her developing offspring and major alterations maintain normal glucose tolerance. Insulin secretion increases during a normal pregnancy to compensate for pregnancy-induced insulin resistance and maintain euglycemia. Women at risk for gestational diabetes have insulin resistance before conception. Gestational diabetes develops when a woman at risk is unable to meet the insulin secretory demands imposed by the additional insulin resistance characteristic of pregnancy. The lactogens, human placental lactogen and prolactin, are major stimuli for the adaptation of the endocrine pancreas during g... Hormone and Metabolic Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5098419 Thu, 04 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5098419 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5040535&cid=s_36610_15_f&fid=36610&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1055%2Fs-0031-1280829 Horm Metab Res 2011; 43: 562-568DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1280829AbstractWhereas the majority of hot thyroid nodules are caused by somatic TSH-receptor mutations, the percentage of TSH-receptor mutation negative clonal hot nodules (HN) and thus the percentage of hot nodules likely caused by other somatic mutations are still debated. This is especially the case for toxic multinodular goiter (TMNG). 35 HNs [12 solitary hot nodules (SHN), 23 TMNG] were screened for somatic TSHR mutations in the exons 9 and 10 and for Gsα mutations in the exons 7 and 8 using DGGE. Determination of X-chromosome inactivation was used for clonality analysis. Overall TSHR mutations were detected in 14 out of 35 (40%) HNs. A nonrandom X-chromosome inactivation pattern was detected in 18 out of 25 (72%) HNs suggestin... Hormone and Metabolic Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5040535 Mon, 18 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5040535 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5040534&cid=s_36610_15_f&fid=36610&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1055%2Fs-0031-1280828 Horm Metab Res 2011; 43: 551-556DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1280828AbstractHomer 1 gene products are involved in synaptic transmission and plasticity, and hence, distinct behavioral abnormalities, including anxiety- and depression-like behaviors, have been observed in Homer 1 knockout (KO) mice. Here we report that Homer 1 KO mice additionally exhibit a pronounced endocrine phenotype, displaying a profoundly increased adrenal gland weight and increased adrenal/body weight ratio. Histological examinations of Homer 1 deficient adrenal glands revealed an increased size of the adrenal cortex, especially the sizes of the zona fasciculata and zona glomerulosa. Moreover, the plasma corticosterone and aldosterone were higher in Homer 1 KO than wild-type (WT) mice while the plasma ACTH levels were not diff... Hormone and Metabolic Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5040534 Mon, 18 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5040534 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5040532&cid=s_36610_15_f&fid=36610&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1055%2Fs-0031-1280784 Horm Metab Res 2011; 43: 524-530DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1280784AbstractThe estrogen binding to specific extranuclear receptors (ER) activates several intracellular pathways that are activated by insulin as well. Moreover, insulin and estradiol (E2) influence cardiac energy substrates, blood glucose and free fatty acids (FFAs), and both hormones exert cardio-beneficial effects. In view of these facts, we suggest that cross-talk between their signaling pathways might have an important role in regulation of cardiac energy substrate transport. Ovariectomized rats were treated with insulin, estradiol (E2), or their combination 20, 30, or 40 min before analysis of blood glucose and FFA level, as well as cardiac plasma membranes (PM) and low density microsomes (LDM) content of glucose (GLUT4 an... Hormone and Metabolic Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5040532 Mon, 18 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5040532 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5040531&cid=s_36610_15_f&fid=36610&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1055%2Fs-0031-1280780 Horm Metab Res 2011; 43: 519-523DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1280780AbstractGlargine is widely used as a long-acting insulin analogue in the treatment of diabetes mellitus. However, this insulin analogue has been recently suspected to be associated with an increased risk of cancer. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of glargine on proliferation of breast adenocarcinoma cell line (MCF-7) and its possible mechanism. Effects of glargine and regular human insulin on the cell proliferation were tested in ER-positive MCF-7 cells by MTT assay. Apoptosis in MCF-7 cells was measured by flow cytometry. The protein levels of p-AKT, Bcl-2, and Bax were also determined by Western blotting and immunohistochemistry, respectively. The result showed that glargine (100, 200 nmol/l) stimulat... Hormone and Metabolic Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5040531 Mon, 18 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5040531 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5040536&cid=s_36610_15_f&fid=36610&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1055%2Fs-0031-1280783 This study implies that in the obese state the altered PYY response to food consumption is a consequence of a dysfunction of L cells, which become less sensitive to the positive feedback effect of lipids.[...]Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · NewYorkArticle in Thieme eJournals:Table of contents  |  Abstract  |  Full text (Source: Hormone and Metabolic Research) Hormone and Metabolic Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5040536 Sun, 17 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5040536 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5040533&cid=s_36610_15_f&fid=36610&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1055%2Fs-0031-1280782 In this study, we demonstrate that mouse adiponectin protein migrated as 2 bands on SDS-PAGE gel. Slower migrating band of adiponectin was reduced by PNGase treatment. PNGase is known as N-glycosidase, and is able to change the mobility of N-glycosylated protein on SDS-PAGE gel. This result indicates the possibility that slower band shifted and overlapped with faster band by cleavage of N-glycan. To further clarify the N-glycosylation of adiponectin, we investigated the effect of N-glycosylation inhibitor tunicamycin on 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Tunicamycin significantly reduced the ratio of slower band to faster band in culture medium from 3T3-L1 adipocytes. This result also indicates the possibility that slower band of adiponectin is N-glycosylated. Lastly, to identify glycosylated asparagine r... Hormone and Metabolic Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5040533 Sun, 17 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5040533 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5010416&cid=s_36610_15_f&fid=36610&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1055%2Fs-0031-1280830 This study involved a histological examination of 143 purebred (74 juvenile and 69 adult) and 47 crossbred (only juvenile) porcine pancreata. Islet isolation was performed in 48 purebred adult pigs and in 25 crossbred pigs. Tissue samples were stained with Aldehyde Fuchsine. The presence of HIs was scored semi-quantitatively (HI–, HI+). We observed HIs in 48% of the purebred and in 68% of the crossbred pigs. However, only 3.3±3.1% and 3.1±4.7% of all assessed islets was hyperemic in HI+ pancreata in purebred and crossbred pigs, respectively. In both groups, significantly higher endocrine cell mass was found in the HI+ pancreata (p<0.01). When the higher endocrine cell mass was taken into account, we found significantly lower yields in the HI+ pancreata in both purebred and cross... Hormone and Metabolic Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5010416 Tue, 05 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5010416 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4999734&cid=s_36610_15_f&fid=36610&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1055%2Fs-0031-1280781 Horm Metab ResDOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1280781AbstractThe mechanisms regarding hepatic steatosis related to hepatic insulin resistance have been well documented. However, the agents for treatment of hepatic steatosis and insulin resistance remain poorly developed. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are transcription factors that are responsible for the regulation of glucose and/or lipid metabolism. There are 3 distinct isoforms of PPARs family: PPARα, PPARγ, and PPARδ. Both PPARα and PPARγ agonists are widely used in clinic for the treatment of hyperlipidemia and hyperglycemia. However, the therapeutic efficacy of PPARδ agonists for diabetic disorders remains obscure. In the present study, we used L-165041 as PPARδ agonist to treat the h... Hormone and Metabolic Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4999734 Thu, 30 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4999734 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4999735&cid=s_36610_15_f&fid=36610&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1055%2Fs-0031-1280797 In conclusion, testosterone replacement therapy significantly improved lean tissue mass and energy expenditure in hypogonadal men with spinal cord injury, findings that would be expected to influence the practice of clinical care, if confirmed. Larger, randomized, controlled clinical trials should be performed to confirm and extend our preliminary findings.[...]Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · NewYorkArticle in Thieme eJournals:Table of contents  |  Abstract  |  Full text (Source: Hormone and Metabolic Research) Hormone and Metabolic Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4999735 Tue, 28 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4999735 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4999741&cid=s_36610_15_f&fid=36610&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1055%2Fs-0031-1277228 Horm Metab Res 2011; 43: 494-499DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1277228AbstractGhrelin (Ghr) is a gut/hypothalamus peptide with inhibitory actions on reproductive physiology; however, there are no previous reports of its role on estrous behavior. Under the hypothesis that the increase of plasma Ghr during food restriction (FR) is responsible for receptivity reduction, we intended to evaluate the receptivity percentage of female mice subjected to: exp. 1) acute and chronic FR and Ghr administration (3 nmol/animal/day, s. c.) and exp. 2) the co-administration of a ghrelin antagonist [ant=(d-Lys3)-GHRP-6; 6 nmol/animal/day s. c.]. All females were ovariectomized, primed with steroids, trained, and randomly subjected every week to each one of several protocols, followed by a behavi... Hormone and Metabolic Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4999741 Thu, 09 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4999741 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4999740&cid=s_36610_15_f&fid=36610&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1055%2Fs-0031-1277226 Horm Metab Res 2011; 43: 464-469DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1277226AbstractAldosterone is considered as a new cardiovascular risk factor that plays an important role in metabolic syndrome; however, the underlying mechanism of these effects is not clear. Hypoadiponectinemia and elevated circulating concentration of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) are causally associated with obesity-related insulin resistance and cardiovascular disease. The aim of the present study is to investigate the effect of aldosterone on the production of adiponectin and PAI-1 in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Northern and Western blot analyses revealed that aldosterone treatment inhibited adiponectin mRNA expression and secretion and simultaneously enhanced PAI-1 mRNA expression and secretion in a time- and dose-dependent man... Hormone and Metabolic Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4999740 Thu, 09 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4999740 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4999737&cid=s_36610_15_f&fid=36610&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1055%2Fs-0031-1279779 Horm Metab ResDOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1279779AbstractThe mechanism of the altered GH secretion in obesity is unclear. There is evidence that oral glucose (OG) administration initially decreases and subsequently stimulates GH secretion. Ghrelin is a peptide that displays strong growth hormone-releasing activity. Its physiological importance on GH regulation is unclear. Our aim was to study fasting GH concentrations and their response to OG administration in relation with ghrelin secretion in obese and healthy women, in order to elucidate the hypothetical participation of ghrelin on post-oral glucose GH secretion. 36 women were included in the study. After an overnight fast, 75 g of oral glucose was administered; glucose, insulin, ghrelin, and PYY1–36 were obtained at baseline and du... Hormone and Metabolic Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4999737 Thu, 09 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4999737 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4999736&cid=s_36610_15_f&fid=36610&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1055%2Fs-0031-1279777 Horm Metab ResDOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1279777AbstractCortisol increases have been associated with psychological and physiological stress; however, cortisol dynamics after weight loss (bariatric) surgery have not been defined. Obese participants not using exogenous glucocorticoids were eligible to participate. Female participants (n=24) provided salivary cortisol samples at bedtime, upon awakening the following morning, and 30 min after awakening before, and at 6 or 12 months after bariatric surgery. The Medical Outcomes Study Short Form-12 version 2 questionnaire regarding health-related quality of life was also completed. Preoperatively, mean body mass index was 45.1±8.1 kg/m2. Mean late night (1.8±1.1 nmol/l), awakening (10.7±7.4 nmol/l), and after-awakening (11.5Â... Hormone and Metabolic Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4999736 Thu, 09 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4999736 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4999739&cid=s_36610_15_f&fid=36610&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1055%2Fs-0031-1277225 This article reviews the recent literature on oncolytic viruses used so far for neuroendocrine tumors and indicates important issues to focus on in the future.[...]© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New YorkArticle in Thieme eJournals:Table of contents  |  Abstract  |  Full text (Source: Hormone and Metabolic Research) Hormone and Metabolic Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4999739 Sun, 29 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4999739 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4999738&cid=s_36610_15_f&fid=36610&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1055%2Fs-0031-1277227 We examined the effects of the globular and full-length adiponectin on cytokine production in macrophages derived from Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) patients and control individuals. Adiponectin's effects in human macrophages upon lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treatment were also examined. Full length adiponectin acted differently on TNF-α and IL-6 production by upregulating TNF-α and IL-6 protein production, but not their mRNA expression. Additionally, full length adiponectin was unable to abrogate LPS proinflammatory effect in TNF-α and IL-6 mRNA expression in CAD and NON-CAD macrophages. In contrast, globular adiponectin appeared to have proinflammatory properties by potently upregulating TNF-α and IL-6 mRNA and protein secretion in human macrophages while subsequently re... Hormone and Metabolic Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4999738 Sun, 29 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4999738 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4832350&cid=s_36610_15_f&fid=36610&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1055%2Fs-0031-1277182 In conclusion, these results suggest that ER stress may induce cell death by modulating PI3K/Akt signal pathway linked to cell death-related proteins in FRTL5 thyroid cells. Moreover, these findings imply that ALA may ameliorate ER stress-induced cell death by activating PI3K/Akt signal pathway and attenuating changes of cell death-related proteins in FRTL5 thyroid cells.[...]© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New YorkArticle in Thieme eJournals:Table of contents  |  Abstract  |  Full text (Source: Hormone and Metabolic Research) Hormone and Metabolic Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4832350 Mon, 16 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4832350 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4832349&cid=s_36610_15_f&fid=36610&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1055%2Fs-0031-1277184 We describe nonautoimmune familial hyperthyroidism identified in an Israeli woman, which is remarkable for the prolonged inappropriate TSH suppression after thyroid ablation. After 2 radioiodine treatments for several years, her TSH was always lower than 0.03 mU/l with 1.6 μg/kg/day (100 μg) thyroxine. 14 years after the radioiodine treatments, she discontinued thyroxine for 3.5 months and developed myxoedema with fT4 <6.0 and fT3 1.3 pmol/l and TSH of only 4.4 mU/l, which rose to only 8.6 after TRH. Genomic analysis showed a germline substitution M626I in the TSHR gene. Both exons of the thyroid-releasing hormone receptor revealed no mutations in this gene. Functional in vitro characterization of M626I showed a cell surface expression of 70% compared with the wt (100%), a sig... Hormone and Metabolic Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4832349 Mon, 16 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4832349 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4832348&cid=s_36610_15_f&fid=36610&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1055%2Fs-0031-1275704 Horm Metab ResDOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1275704AbstractThe aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of pioglitazone and glibenclamide on lipid profile and inflammatory parameters during an oral fat load (OFL). A total of 201 type 2 diabetic patients on treatment with metformin were enrolled in the study; pioglitazone was titrated till 45 mg/day and glibenclamide till 15 mg/day, in association with metformin, respectively. The patients underwent an OFL at baseline and after 12 months. The OFL was given between 08.00 and 09.00 h after a 12-h fast. Blood samples were drawn before and 3, 6, 9, and 12 h after the OFL. We evaluated glycemic-metabolic parameters [glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), fasting plasma insulin (FPI), homeostasis model assessment (Homa) index], total... Hormone and Metabolic Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4832348 Mon, 16 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4832348 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4806673&cid=s_36610_15_f&fid=36610&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1055%2Fs-0031-1277156 In conclusion, bone acting cytokines are produced in the adipose tissue and may affect bone through endocrine mechanisms.[...]© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New YorkArticle in Thieme eJournals:Table of contents  |  Abstract  |  Full text (Source: Hormone and Metabolic Research) Hormone and Metabolic Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4806673 Mon, 09 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4806673 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4806677&cid=s_36610_15_f&fid=36610&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1055%2Fs-0031-1277155 This study was performed to investigate the involvement of nitric oxide (NO) in corticosterone, endpoint product of hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis activation, and metabolic responses to 3 days of food deprivation. To investigate this aim, we used a nonspecific inhibitor of nitric oxide synthases, N-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME). In food deprived group we have noted a significant increase in plasma corticosterone concentration accompanied by a significant depletion in hepatic glycogen content with concomitant increase in glycogen phosphorylase (GP) activity by 63.72%, key enzyme of glycogenolysis and decrease in hexokinase (HK) activity by 25.16%, leading to significant decrease in glucose concentration. However, L-NAME administration in food deprived rats decreased sligh... Hormone and Metabolic Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4806677 Sun, 08 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4806677 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4806676&cid=s_36610_15_f&fid=36610&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1055%2Fs-0031-1277187 Horm Metab ResDOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1277187AbstractThyroid hormones regulate energy balance and act on adipokines. However, while it is unclear what the effects are of calorie restriction and high doses of triiodothyronine (T3) on adipokines in obesity, thyroid hormones are illicitly administered in isolation or in association with a hypocaloric diet as an obesity treatment. The present study determined the effect of T3 on serum concentrations and gene expression of the adipokines leptin, resistin, and adiponectin in calorie-restricted obese rats. Male Wistar rats received a hypercaloric diet for 20 weeks followed by calorie restriction for 8 weeks. The animals were then randomly divided into 3 groups: calorie restriction (OR), OR with 5 μg of T3/100 g BW (RS1), and OR with ... Hormone and Metabolic Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4806676 Sun, 08 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4806676 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4806675&cid=s_36610_15_f&fid=36610&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1055%2Fs-0031-1277183 Horm Metab ResDOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1277183AbstractRacecadotril is an enkephalinase inhibitor used to treat abdominal discomfort in the clinic. The blood-glucose lowering action of racecadotril has been observed in rats; however, the mechanisms remain obscure. 8-week-old Wistar rats were intravenously injected with racecadotril and the levels of insulin in the brain were measured. Additionally, brain homogenates were co-incubated with racecadotril or thiorphan to evaluate insulin degrading enzyme (IDE) activity. Otherwise, rats were pretreated by intracerebroventricular (i. c. v.) injection of insulin antibody or glibenclamide at a dose sufficient to inhibit KATP channels prior to injection of racecadotril. Moreover, rats were vagotomized to evaluate the role of the cholinergic n... Hormone and Metabolic Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4806675 Sun, 08 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4806675 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4806674&cid=s_36610_15_f&fid=36610&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1055%2Fs-0031-1277154 In conclusion, the skeleton of adult sows of a conventional breed is seemingly protected from effects of OVX and calcium shortage.[...]© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New YorkArticle in Thieme eJournals:Table of contents  |  Abstract  |  Full text (Source: Hormone and Metabolic Research) Hormone and Metabolic Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4806674 Sun, 08 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4806674 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4776494&cid=s_36610_15_f&fid=36610&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1055%2Fs-0031-1275703 Horm Metab ResDOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1275703AbstractThe present study was aimed to investigate glucose homeostasis and insulin secretion in acromegalic patients during octreotide-long acting release (LAR) therapy and designed as an observational prospective study. 18 acromegalic patients who had undergone trans-sphenoidal surgery with active disease were included. All patients were treated with octreotide-LAR injection for 1 year. These patients received oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) before, 21 days after, and 1 year after octreotide-LAR treatment. Primary outcomes were changes in glucose levels and insulin secretion during an OGTT. We also determined the differences between subjects with normalized and uncontrolled IGF-1 levels. Of the 18 patients treated with octreotide-LAR for 1 year,... Hormone and Metabolic Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4776494 Sun, 01 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4776494 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4736613&cid=s_36610_15_f&fid=36610&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1055%2Fs-0031-1275702 In conclusion, postnatal nutrition is determinant for future leptin production by different fat depots as well as adipocyte morphology. These changes seem to be related to the severity of obesity and its metabolic consequences.[...]© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New YorkArticle in Thieme eJournals:Table of contents  |  Abstract  |  Full text (Source: Hormone and Metabolic Research) Hormone and Metabolic Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4736613 Wed, 20 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4736613 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4736612&cid=s_36610_15_f&fid=36610&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1055%2Fs-0031-1275705 Horm Metab ResDOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1275705AbstractIn order to determine whether the Ii-Key technology can enhance the presentation of specific epitopes associated with type 1 diabetes, we have designed and synthesized a series of Ii-Key/proinsulin and GAD epitope hybrid peptides. Peptides of proinsulin and GAD shown to be recognized by CD4+ T cells of type 1 diabetes patients have been selected from the literature and modified with Ii-Key. A total of 23 Caucasian type 1 diabetes subjects and 17 normal subjects as controls were included in the study. Reactive T cells were identified using an IFN-γ ELISPOT assay. We selected 5 proinsulin and 5 GAD epitopes. Regarding the activity of the proinsulin Ii-Key hybrids, 3 out of 15 patients (20%) demonstrated a positive response to one or more ... Hormone and Metabolic Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4736612 Wed, 20 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4736612 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4736611&cid=s_36610_15_f&fid=36610&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1055%2Fs-0031-1277135 Horm Metab ResDOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1277135Abstract1,1-Dichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethylene (p,p′-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene, p,p′-DDE), the major metabolite of 2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)-1,1,1-trichloroethane (DDT), is a known persistent organic pollutant and endocrine disrupting toxicant. In recent years, it has attracted many attentions on account of its disturbing effects on thyroid and thyroid hormones (THs). However, the mechanisms by which the p,p′-DDE exposure influences THs still remain uncertain. To elucidate the possible mechanisms, 20 male rats are administered with different doses of p,p′-DDE (0, 20, 60, 100 mg/kg body wt) every other day by intraperitoneal injection for 10 days. The results indicate that after the p,p′-DDE exposure, serum to... Hormone and Metabolic Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4736611 Wed, 20 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4736611 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4736610&cid=s_36610_15_f&fid=36610&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1055%2Fs-0031-1275719 Horm Metab ResDOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1275719AbstractThere is currently controversial data regarding the prevalence of MS among SCH patients. The aim of the study was to investigate the prevalence of MS in an adult population with SCH. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 6 998 adults in China. Epidemiological information and medical data were obtained (fasting plasma glucose, triglycerides, high density lipoprotein-C, and thyroid function). The IDF criteria were applied for the diagnosis of MS. SCH was defined as TSH more than 4.5 mIU/l with normal values for FT3 and FT4. Among the 6 560 participants, 21.5% were diagnosed with MS and 8.2% suffered from SCH. MS was found in 21.3% in the euthyroidism (EUT) group and in 25.7% in the SCH group (p<0.05). However, this difference between ... Hormone and Metabolic Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4736610 Wed, 20 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4736610 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4736609&cid=s_36610_15_f&fid=36610&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1055%2Fs-0031-1275706 Horm Metab ResDOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1275706AbstractThe aim of this study was to investigate the association of macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) polymorphism rs1007888 with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), and its association with postpartum metabolic syndrome. In a case-control study, 147 GDM and 169 healthy pregnant patients were recruited. Blood sample was taken 2 times from all the participants; one at 24-28 weeks of gestation, second at 6-12 weeks of postpartum. Biochemical measurement and DNA extraction were performed. The PCR_SSP was performed for genotyping. The frequencies of AA, AG, and GG genotypes were 11.24% (19), 76.92% (130), and 11.83% (20) in healthy pregnancies and were 7.48% (11), 70.74% (104), and 21.76% (32) in GDM individuals. The distributions of MIF gen... Hormone and Metabolic Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4736609 Wed, 20 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4736609 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4736615&cid=s_36610_15_f&fid=36610&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1055%2Fs-0031-1275325 In conclusion, activation of I-1 R may activate FXR to lower plasma lipids, suggesting I-1 R as a new target for the treatment of hyperlipidemia.[...]© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New YorkArticle in Thieme eJournals:Table of contents  |  Abstract  |  Full text (Source: Hormone and Metabolic Research) Hormone and Metabolic Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4736615 Sun, 10 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4736615 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4736614&cid=s_36610_15_f&fid=36610&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1055%2Fs-0031-1275326 Horm Metab ResDOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1275326AbstractPromptly detecting pediatric thyroid dysfunction requires age-appropriate reference ranges for serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), serum free thyroxine (FT4), and serum free triiodothyronine (FT3). We sought to establish such ranges, employing the widely-used Immulite® 2000 automated immunoluminometric assays in a large population. We assayed the analytes according to manufacturer's instructions in serum samples from 359 male and 297 female university hospital patients, aged between newborn to 18 years, without evidence of thyroid or pituitary dysfunction. As data were not normally distributed, the reference ranges were assumed to lie between the 2.5th and 97.5th percentiles. Curves for age-related changes in the reference ranges were ... Hormone and Metabolic Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4736614 Sun, 10 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4736614 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4654644&cid=s_36610_15_f&fid=36610&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1055%2Fs-0031-1273768 Horm Metab ResDOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1273768AbstractUnderstanding the function of fat metabolism during differentiation of human preadipocytes to fully developed fat tissue has been the aim of various studies in the past decades. Due to the lack of suitable human cell culture lines, experimental research predominantly focused on rodent models and nonhuman cell culture systems. Here, we demonstrate that a human preadipocyte cell line SGBS is well suited to examine differential expression of the Acyl-CoA binding protein (ACBP) during adipogenesis. The Acbp gene expresses various alternative high- and low-abundant transcript variants encoding ACBP protein isoforms, which play a central role in fat metabolism. Whereas the low-abundant transcript Acbp-1G is downregulated during SGBS adipogenesis, ... Hormone and Metabolic Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4654644 Mon, 28 Mar 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4654644 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4654643&cid=s_36610_15_f&fid=36610&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1055%2Fs-0031-1273763 Horm Metab ResDOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1273763AbstractRats fed a high fat diet develop increased adiposity and oxidative stress leading to impaired vasodilation. The purpose of the present study was to examine the effects of high fat-induced increases in adiposity and oxidative stress on vasoconstrictor reactivity of isolated mesenteric arteries. We hypothesized that rats with more adiposity would develop oxidative stress-potentiated increases in iNOS-derived nitric oxide leading to diminished vasoconstriction. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed either a control (Chow) or high fat diet for 6 weeks. The roles of oxidative stress and iNOS in the impaired vasoconstrictor responses to endothelin-1 were characterized in small mesenteric arteries. Rats fed the HFD developed significantly more adiposit... Hormone and Metabolic Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4654643 Mon, 28 Mar 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4654643 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4654642&cid=s_36610_15_f&fid=36610&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1055%2Fs-0031-1273760 Horm Metab ResDOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1273760AbstractInsulin and insulin like-growth factor-I (IGF-I) participate in the regulation of ovarian steroidogenesis. In insulin resistant states ovaries remain sensitive to insulin because insulin can activate alternative signaling pathways, such as phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI-3 kinase) and mitogen-activated protein-kinase (MAPK) pathways, as well as insulin receptors and type 1 IGF receptors. We investigated the roles of MAPK-Erk1/2 and MAPK-p38 in insulin and IGF-I signaling pathways for progesterone production in human ovarian cells. Human ovarian cells were cultured in tissue culture medium in the presence of varying concentrations of insulin or IGF-I, with or without PD98059, a specific MAPK-Erk1/2 inhibitor, with or without SB203580, a spe... Hormone and Metabolic Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4654642 Mon, 28 Mar 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4654642 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4654641&cid=s_36610_15_f&fid=36610&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1055%2Fs-0031-1273767 Horm Metab ResDOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1273767AbstractAdipokines play a central role in the development of diseases associated with insulin resistance and obesity. Hypoxia in adipose tissue leads to a dysregulation of the expression of adipokines. The effect of hypoxia on the more recently identified adipokine apelin in human adipocytes is unclear. Therefore, we aimed at investigating the role of hypoxia on the expression of the adipokine apelin. Differentiated human Simpson-Golabi-Behmel syndrome (SGBS) adipocytes were cultured under hypoxic conditions for varying time periods. A modular incubator chamber was used to create a hypoxic tissue culture environment (defined as 1% O2, 94% N, and 5% CO2). In addition, hypoxic conditions were mimicked by using CoCl2. The effect of hypoxia on the expre... Hormone and Metabolic Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4654641 Mon, 28 Mar 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4654641 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4654640&cid=s_36610_15_f&fid=36610&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1055%2Fs-0031-1273761 Horm Metab ResDOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1273761AbstractPolycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder associated with increased prevalence of insulin resistance (IR). IR could be implicated in PCOS etiology and represents the major cause of cardiometabolic complications. The aim of present study was to investigate for the first time the association of lipin 1 gene polymorphisms with metabolic and hormonal profile in PCOS patients and controls. Into a case-control study 371 individuals were enrolled: 222 PCOS patients and 149 controls. Two lipin 1 gene polymorphisms were analyzed: rs11693809 (intron 1 SNP) and rs2716610 (intron 17 SNP) using fluorescent hydrolyzing probes. Body mass index, fasting plasma insulin and glucose along with androgen profile were measured in all subject... Hormone and Metabolic Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4654640 Mon, 28 Mar 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4654640 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4654639&cid=s_36610_15_f&fid=36610&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1055%2Fs-0031-1275270 Horm Metab ResDOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1275270AbstractDisturbance of glucose metabolism and diabetes is an increasing complication in adult patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). The aim of the present study was to evaluate the impact of insulin and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) secretion on early disturbance of glucose metabolism and clinical status in an unselected cohort of CF patients. 34 adult CF patients and 10 matched healthy subjects underwent an oral glucose tolerance test. Blood samples were taken to measure indices for insulin secretion and insulin sensitivity. Metabolic parameters were correlated with anthropometric and clinical data. In CF patients, there was a decrease in first phase insulin secretion (FPIR) with progressive delay of insulin peak, which was correlated with worsenin... Hormone and Metabolic Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4654639 Mon, 28 Mar 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4654639 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4654638&cid=s_36610_15_f&fid=36610&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1055%2Fs-0031-1273769 In conclusion, the present study brought new insights on aging and obesity, demonstrating for the first time that GH therapy was harmful in aged and obesity conditions, impairing calorimetric parameters and lipid profile. GH was disadvantageous in control old rats, having undesirable effects on triacylglycerol accumulation and cardiac oxidative stress.[...]© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New YorkArticle in Thieme eJournals:Table of contents  |  Abstract  |  Full text (Source: Hormone and Metabolic Research) Hormone and Metabolic Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4654638 Mon, 28 Mar 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4654638 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4654637&cid=s_36610_15_f&fid=36610&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1055%2Fs-0031-1275285 Horm Metab ResDOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1275285AbstractFlaxseed has several benefits for health such as improvement in lipid profile; and since thyroid hormones increases cholesterol biliary excretion, we decide to evaluate the programming effect of maternal flaxseed diet during lactation upon thyroid hormone metabolism and action in the adult offspring in rats. At birth, lactating rats were divided into: flaxseed dams (F) - diet with 25% of flaxseed - and controls dams (C). F and C pups received normal diet after weaning and male offspring were sacrificed at 21 and 180 days old. We evaluated serum T3, T4, and TSH; type 1 and 2 deiodinase activities (D1 and D2) in the liver, thyroid, brown adipose tissue (BAT), and pituitary; thyroid hormone receptor (TRβ1) expression and mitochondrial glyc... Hormone and Metabolic Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4654637 Mon, 28 Mar 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4654637 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4601910&cid=s_36610_15_f&fid=36610&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1055%2Fs-0031-1273682 Horm Metab ResDOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1273682AbstractMetastasized differentiated thyroid carcinoma is treated by surgery followed by radioiodine remnant ablation. The application of differentiating agents is a possibility of increasing the efficacy of radioiodine therapy. We evaluated DPP IV and aminopeptidase N, both linked to malignancy in thyroid carcinoma, and dipeptidyl peptidase II activities in human follicular thyroid carcinoma cell lines upon treatment with retinol, apicidine, and lovastatin as differentiating agents. Decrease of dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP IV) activity may play a role in the differentiating action. In the human cancer cell lines FTC 138 and 238, high DPP IV and low aminopeptidase N activities were recorded. Retinol treatment induced increases in thyroid-specific pro... Hormone and Metabolic Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4601910 Wed, 16 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4601910 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4601909&cid=s_36610_15_f&fid=36610&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1055%2Fs-0031-1271817 Horm Metab ResDOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1271817AbstractLeptin receptor-deficient db/db mice are a commonly used research model and it is known that the genetic background, on which the mutation is bred, modulates the phenotype. While diabetes-resistant strains sustain near normal glycemia and hyperinsulinemia, susceptible backgrounds develop overt hyperglycemia and islet involution. We hypothesized that genetically-determined differences in the proliferative capacity and the apoptotic frequency of pancreatic beta cells contribute to this phenotypic disparity. We studied C57BLKS/J (BKS; diabetes-susceptible) and C57BL/6 (B6; diabetes-resistant) db/db mice and heterozygous controls from 5 to 12 weeks of age. Body weight, fasting blood glucose, plasma insulin, HOMA-IR, alpha cell mass, beta cell ma... Hormone and Metabolic Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4601909 Wed, 16 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4601909 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4601908&cid=s_36610_15_f&fid=36610&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1055%2Fs-0031-1273762 Horm Metab ResDOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1273762AbstractThe protooncogene c-myc is a major factor in tumourigenesis. Whereas c-myc overexpression is considered to be a general feature of many tumours, we have recently demonstrated c-myc underexpression in adrenocortical cancer by a meta-analysis. We hypothesise that c-myc underexpression might be a central event in adrenortical tumourigenesis based on network topology modelling and previous experimental observations. In this brief hypothesis, we present our arguments and their possible relevance.[...]© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New YorkArticle in Thieme eJournals:Table of contents  |  Abstract  |  Full text (Source: Hormone and Metabolic Research) Hormone and Metabolic Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4601908 Wed, 16 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4601908 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4601907&cid=s_36610_15_f&fid=36610&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1055%2Fs-0031-1273699 Horm Metab ResDOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1273699AbstractFamily and twin studies suggest a genetic predisposition for euthyroid goiters. However, iodine deficiency and smoking are important exogenous factors for goiter development. We investigated goiter predisposition by a matched case control study in a region with recently documented low normal iodine supply. A sum of 376 patients were included in the study. We matched 188 patients with euthyroid/subclinically hyperthyroid goiter (TSH 4.20-0.05 mU/l) with 188 euthyroid controls without thyroid enlargement for age and gender. Thyroid ultrasound was performed in all patients, whereby 50.5% of patients with goiters showed a positive family history for goiter. In contrast, only 25% of control patients had a positive family history (p<0.001; OR=3... Hormone and Metabolic Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4601907 Wed, 16 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4601907 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4536983&cid=s_36610_15_f&fid=36610&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1055%2Fs-0031-1273681 Horm Metab ResDOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1273681AbstractThe effect of an i. v. infusion of somatostatin (SRIH) 4.1 μg/min×90 min on the basal secretion of NPY and on the NPY response to physical exercise was studied in normal men. Basal NPY secretion was not modified by SRIH infusion, whereas the NPY response to physical exercise was significantly lower in the presence of SRIH. These data suggest the involvement of a somatostatinergic mechanism in the regulation of NPY response to physical exercise.[...]© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New YorkArticle in Thieme eJournals:Table of contents  |  Abstract  |  Full text (Source: Hormone and Metabolic Research) Hormone and Metabolic Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4536983 Tue, 01 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4536983 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4536982&cid=s_36610_15_f&fid=36610&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1055%2Fs-0031-1271746 In conclusion, these results suggest that RBP4 contributes, at least partly, to the pathogenesis of IR in SHR. Furthermore, the decrease of blood pressure caused by valsartan not only decreased RBP4 levels, but also improved IR in SHR.[...]© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New YorkArticle in Thieme eJournals:Table of contents  |  Abstract  |  Full text (Source: Hormone and Metabolic Research) Hormone and Metabolic Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4536982 Tue, 01 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4536982 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4536981&cid=s_36610_15_f&fid=36610&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1055%2Fs-0031-1271778 In conclusion, weight reduction with a very low calorie diet improves endothelial function measured by pulse wave velocity. The missing correlation with ADMA suggests possible further mechanisms underlying this observed effect, for example, improvement of insulin resistance.[...]© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New YorkArticle in Thieme eJournals:Table of contents  |  Abstract  |  Full text (Source: Hormone and Metabolic Research) Hormone and Metabolic Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4536981 Tue, 01 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4536981 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4533168&cid=s_36610_15_f&fid=36610&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1055%2Fs-0031-1271777 Horm Metab ResDOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1271777AbstractGlucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is an incretin that has glucoregulatory effects as well as protective effects in a variety of tissues, including the heart. We hypothesized that GLP-1 may have a direct effect on neutrophils (PMNs) after myocardial ischemia, to ameliorate reperfusion injury. Deeply anesthetized Sprague-Dawley rats underwent 30 min of left coronary artery occlusion followed by 120 min of reperfusion. Immediately prior to reperfusion, rats were treated with either GLP-1 (human rGLP-1, 30 pM/kg/min) or PBS as placebo. GLP-1 significantly decreased myocardial infarct size [73.2±11.7% INF/AAR in PBS (n=4) vs. 15.7 ±5.52% INF/AAR in GLP-1-treated animals (n=5), p<0.05], PMN activation in blood in vivo (fMLP-stimulated CD11b sur... Hormone and Metabolic Research journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4533168 Mon, 28 Feb 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4533168