International Journal of Epidemiology via MedWorm.com MedWorm.com provides a medical RSS filtering service. Over 6000 RSS medical sources are combined and output via different filters. This feed contains the latest items from the 'International Journal of Epidemiology' source. Mon, 06 Feb 2012 11:13:14 +0100 Reviewers http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5491601&cid=s_28388_54_f&fid=28388&url=http%3A%2F%2Fije.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F40%2F6%2F1745%3Frss%3D1 (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology) International Journal of Epidemiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5491601 Fri, 09 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5491601 Books Received http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5491600&cid=s_28388_54_f&fid=28388&url=http%3A%2F%2Fije.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F40%2F6%2F1744%3Frss%3D1 (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology) International Journal of Epidemiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5491600 Fri, 09 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5491600 Social Networks and Health: Models, Methods, and Applications. Thomas W. Valente. http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5491599&cid=s_28388_54_f&fid=28388&url=http%3A%2F%2Fije.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F40%2F6%2F1742%3Frss%3D1 (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology) International Journal of Epidemiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5491599 Fri, 09 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5491599 Two faces of sleep and epidemiology. Sleep, Health, and Society. From Aetiology to Public Health. Cappuccio FP, Miller MA, Lockley SW (eds). http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5491598&cid=s_28388_54_f&fid=28388&url=http%3A%2F%2Fije.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F40%2F6%2F1740%3Frss%3D1 (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology) International Journal of Epidemiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5491598 Fri, 09 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5491598 Instrumental variables in epidemiological research: an assessment of the adoption rate and future trends http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5491597&cid=s_28388_54_f&fid=28388&url=http%3A%2F%2Fije.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F40%2F6%2F1738%3Frss%3D1 (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology) International Journal of Epidemiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5491597 Fri, 09 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5491597 Author's Response * Female sex worker typology: too complicated to be used pragmatically http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5491596&cid=s_28388_54_f&fid=28388&url=http%3A%2F%2Fije.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F40%2F6%2F1737%3Frss%3D1 (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology) International Journal of Epidemiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5491596 Fri, 09 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5491596 Female sex worker typology: too complicated to be used pragmatically http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5491595&cid=s_28388_54_f&fid=28388&url=http%3A%2F%2Fije.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F40%2F6%2F1735%3Frss%3D1 (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology) International Journal of Epidemiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5491595 Fri, 09 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5491595 When size presents problems http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5491594&cid=s_28388_54_f&fid=28388&url=http%3A%2F%2Fije.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F40%2F6%2F1734%3Frss%3D1 (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology) International Journal of Epidemiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5491594 Fri, 09 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5491594 Meta-analyses involving cross-over trials: methodological issues http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5491593&cid=s_28388_54_f&fid=28388&url=http%3A%2F%2Fije.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F40%2F6%2F1732%3Frss%3D1 (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology) International Journal of Epidemiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5491593 Fri, 09 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5491593 Author's Response * Expert Working Groups--a reliable recipe http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5491592&cid=s_28388_54_f&fid=28388&url=http%3A%2F%2Fije.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F40%2F6%2F1730%3Frss%3D1 (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology) International Journal of Epidemiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5491592 Fri, 09 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5491592 Author's Response * Composition of IARC Working Groups http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5491591&cid=s_28388_54_f&fid=28388&url=http%3A%2F%2Fije.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F40%2F6%2F1729%3Frss%3D1 (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology) International Journal of Epidemiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5491591 Fri, 09 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5491591 Authors' Response * Problems with IARC's 'expert' working groups http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5491590&cid=s_28388_54_f&fid=28388&url=http%3A%2F%2Fije.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F40%2F6%2F1728%3Frss%3D1 (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology) International Journal of Epidemiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5491590 Fri, 09 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5491590 IARC's plea for traditional 'expert' working groups--a recipe for problems? http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5491589&cid=s_28388_54_f&fid=28388&url=http%3A%2F%2Fije.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F40%2F6%2F1727%3Frss%3D1 (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology) International Journal of Epidemiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5491589 Fri, 09 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5491589 Associations of adult height and its components with mortality: a report from cohort studies of 135 000 Chinese women and men http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5491588&cid=s_28388_54_f&fid=28388&url=http%3A%2F%2Fije.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F40%2F6%2F1715%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions Our results suggest that different mechanisms may be involved in linking height and its components with cancer and CVD mortality. (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology) International Journal of Epidemiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5491588 Fri, 09 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5491588 More variation in lifespan in lower educated groups: evidence from 10 European countries http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5491587&cid=s_28388_54_f&fid=28388&url=http%3A%2F%2Fije.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F40%2F6%2F1703%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions Lower educated individuals not only have shorter life expectancies, but also face greater uncertainty about the age at which they will die. More priority should be given to efforts to reduce the risk of an early death among the lower educated, e.g. by strengthening protective policies within and outside the health-care system. (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology) International Journal of Epidemiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5491587 Fri, 09 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5491587 Diurnal cortisol patterns are associated with physical performance in the Caerphilly Prospective Study http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5491586&cid=s_28388_54_f&fid=28388&url=http%3A%2F%2Fije.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F40%2F6%2F1693%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions Dysregulation of the hypothalamic pituitary adrenal (HPA) axis is associated with worse physical performance in later life. This may reflect a causal effect of the HPA axis on ageing or that ageing itself is associated with reduced HPA reactivity. (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology) International Journal of Epidemiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5491586 Fri, 09 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5491586 Epidemiological methods in diarrhoea studies--an update http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5491585&cid=s_28388_54_f&fid=28388&url=http%3A%2F%2Fije.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F40%2F6%2F1678%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions Using appropriate sampling strategies and outcome measures can improve the efficiency, validity and comparability of diarrhoea studies. Allocating large clusters in cluster randomized trials is compromized by unpredictable design effects and should be carried out only if the research question requires it. (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology) International Journal of Epidemiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5491585 Fri, 09 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5491585 Metabolic risk factors and ovarian cancer in the Metabolic Syndrome and Cancer project http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5491584&cid=s_28388_54_f&fid=28388&url=http%3A%2F%2Fije.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F40%2F6%2F1667%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion There was no overall association between MetS and ovarian cancer risk. However, increasing levels of cholesterol and blood pressure increased the risks of mucinous and endometrioid tumours, respectively. Increasing levels of BMI conferred an increased risk of ovarian cancer mortality in women above the age of 50 years. (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology) International Journal of Epidemiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5491584 Fri, 09 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5491584 China Kadoorie Biobank of 0.5 million people: survey methods, baseline characteristics and long-term follow-up http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5491583&cid=s_28388_54_f&fid=28388&url=http%3A%2F%2Fije.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F40%2F6%2F1652%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion This established large biobank will be a rich and powerful resource for investigating genetic and non-genetic causes of many common chronic diseases in the Chinese population. (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology) International Journal of Epidemiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5491583 Fri, 09 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5491583 Demonstrating bias and improved inference for stoves' health benefits http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5491582&cid=s_28388_54_f&fid=28388&url=http%3A%2F%2Fije.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F40%2F6%2F1643%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions Our data demonstrate the potential importance of bias in household air pollution studies. This results from failure to address the possibility that those receiving improved stoves are themselves prone to better or worse health outcomes. It suggests the value of data collection and of study design for cookstove interventions and, more generally, for policy interventions within many health outcomes. (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology) International Journal of Epidemiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5491582 Fri, 09 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5491582 Participant identification in genetic association studies: improved methods and practical implications http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5491581&cid=s_28388_54_f&fid=28388&url=http%3A%2F%2Fije.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F40%2F6%2F1629%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions Simple guidelines for publication that are based on a single criterion are therefore unlikely to suffice. In particular, ‘directed’ summary statistics should not be posted openly on the web but could be protected by an internet-based access check as proposed by the P3G_Consortium et al. (Public access to genome-wide data: five views on balancing research with privacy and protection. PLoS Genet 2009;5:e1000665). (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology) International Journal of Epidemiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5491581 Fri, 09 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5491581 Genetic variation at CHRNA5-CHRNA3-CHRNB4 interacts with smoking status to influence body mass index http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5491580&cid=s_28388_54_f&fid=28388&url=http%3A%2F%2Fije.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F40%2F6%2F1617%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions Smoking status modifies the association between the 15q25 variant and BMI, which strengthens evidence that smoking exposure is causally associated with reduced BMI. Smoking cessation initiatives might be more successful if they include support to maintain a healthy BMI. (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology) International Journal of Epidemiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5491580 Fri, 09 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5491580 Long-term antioxidant supplementation has no effect on health-related quality of life: The randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, primary prevention SU.VI.MAX trial http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5491579&cid=s_28388_54_f&fid=28388&url=http%3A%2F%2Fije.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F40%2F6%2F1605%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions Long-term supplementation with antioxidant vitamins and minerals had no beneficial effect on HRQoL in this trial. This is contrary to conventional beliefs and claims that such an effect exists. Trial Registration "Primary Prevention Trial of the Health Effects of Antioxidant Vitamins and Minerals." NTC n 00272428 http://www.clinicaltrials.gov (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology) International Journal of Epidemiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5491579 Fri, 09 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5491579 Critical windows of exposure for arsenic-associated impairment of cognitive function in pre-school girls and boys: a population-based cohort study http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5491578&cid=s_28388_54_f&fid=28388&url=http%3A%2F%2Fije.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F40%2F6%2F1593%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion We found adverse effects of arsenic exposure on IQ in girls, but not boys, at 5 years of age. (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology) International Journal of Epidemiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5491578 Fri, 09 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5491578 Juvenile delinquency, social background and suicide--a Swedish national cohort study of 992 881 young adults http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5491577&cid=s_28388_54_f&fid=28388&url=http%3A%2F%2Fije.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F40%2F6%2F1585%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions This study supports the hypothesis that individuals with delinquent behaviour in late adolescence have an increased risk of suicide as young adults. Regardless of causality issues, repeated juvenile offenders should be regarded by professionals in health, social and correctional services who come into contact with this group as a high-risk group for suicide. (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology) International Journal of Epidemiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5491577 Fri, 09 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5491577 Does adding information on job strain improve risk prediction for coronary heart disease beyond the standard Framingham risk score? The Whitehall II study http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5491576&cid=s_28388_54_f&fid=28388&url=http%3A%2F%2Fije.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F40%2F6%2F1577%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion In this middle-aged low-risk working population, job strain was associated with an increased risk of CHD. However, when compared with the Framingham algorithm, adding job strain did not improve the model's predictive performance. (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology) International Journal of Epidemiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5491576 Fri, 09 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5491576 Does alleviating poverty affect mothers' depressive symptoms? A quasi-experimental investigation of Mexico's Oportunidades programme http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5491575&cid=s_28388_54_f&fid=28388&url=http%3A%2F%2Fije.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F40%2F6%2F1565%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions Although Oportunidades did not target maternal mental health directly, we found modest but clinically meaningful effects on depressive symptoms. Our design permits stronger causal inference than observational studies that have linked poverty and depressive symptoms. Our results emphasize that the well-being of individuals is responsive to macro-level economic policies and programmes. (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology) International Journal of Epidemiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5491575 Fri, 09 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5491575 Lifecourse infectious origins of sexual inequalities in central adiposity http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5491574&cid=s_28388_54_f&fid=28388&url=http%3A%2F%2Fije.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F40%2F6%2F1556%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions These observations are consistent with the lifecourse hypothesis that early exposure to infections makes women vulnerable to central obesity. This hypothesis potentially sheds new light on the developmental origins of obesity, and is consistent with the generally higher levels of central obesity among women than men in developing populations. (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology) International Journal of Epidemiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5491574 Fri, 09 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5491574 Commentary: Trends in prevalence of type 2 diabetes and prediabetes in South Asians--does it tell a story? http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5491573&cid=s_28388_54_f&fid=28388&url=http%3A%2F%2Fije.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F40%2F6%2F1554%3Frss%3D1 (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology) International Journal of Epidemiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5491573 Fri, 09 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5491573 Is there a divergence in time trends in the prevalence of impaired glucose tolerance and diabetes? A systematic review in South Asian populations http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5491572&cid=s_28388_54_f&fid=28388&url=http%3A%2F%2Fije.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F40%2F6%2F1542%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion This novel systematic review is the first to assess secular trends of pre-diabetes in any population. The data show diabetes prevalence is rising, whereas IGT prevalence is stable or falling. Explanations include: recent environmental or lifestyle changes favouring an increased rate of conversion from IGT to diabetes, or a cohort effect with improving maternal and infant nutrition resulting in reduced IGT with a fall in diabetes to follow. (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology) International Journal of Epidemiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5491572 Fri, 09 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5491572 Commentary: Liver enzymes and the risk of adverse cardiovascular outcomes--the lower, the better? http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5491571&cid=s_28388_54_f&fid=28388&url=http%3A%2F%2Fije.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F40%2F6%2F1539%3Frss%3D1 (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology) International Journal of Epidemiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5491571 Fri, 09 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5491571 The inverse relationship between alanine aminotransferase in the normal range and adverse cardiovascular and non-cardiovascular outcomes http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5491570&cid=s_28388_54_f&fid=28388&url=http%3A%2F%2Fije.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F40%2F6%2F1530%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions In three independent populations, ALT in the normal range displayed an inverse relationship with total mortality, cardiovascular events and non-cardiovascular events in middle-to-older aged subjects without evidence of clinically significant liver damage, independent of traditional cardiovascular and other risk factors. These findings indicate that the relationship between ALT and clinical outcomes is more complex than generally appreciated. (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology) International Journal of Epidemiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5491570 Fri, 09 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5491570 Premature cardiovascular mortality and alcohol consumption before death in Arkhangelsk, Russia: an analysis of a consecutive series of forensic autopsies http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5491569&cid=s_28388_54_f&fid=28388&url=http%3A%2F%2Fije.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F40%2F6%2F1519%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions A high proportion of subjects who died from CVD in Arkhangelsk consumed alcohol shortly before death. It was highest among males aged 50–59 years. The largest gender difference in mortality, highest absolute number of premature CVD deaths, and the highest proportion of alcohol-positive autopsies occurred among them. Since associations with alcohol consumption varied considerably between the types of CVD diagnoses, this observation should be taken into account when planning future research. Our study does not provide evidence that cardiovascular deaths are misclassified cases of acute alcohol poisoning. (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology) International Journal of Epidemiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5491569 Fri, 09 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5491569 Reproductive history and mortality from cardiovascular disease among women textile workers in Shanghai, China http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5491568&cid=s_28388_54_f&fid=28388&url=http%3A%2F%2Fije.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F40%2F6%2F1510%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions Use of steroid contraceptives, induced abortions and reduced parity from China's one-child-per-family policy has not had an adverse effect on risk of CVD mortality in this cohort. (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology) International Journal of Epidemiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5491568 Fri, 09 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5491568 Is adult education associated with reduced coronary heart disease risk? http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5491567&cid=s_28388_54_f&fid=28388&url=http%3A%2F%2Fije.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F40%2F6%2F1499%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions Men and women who leave school without any qualifications may be able to ‘catch up’ to some extent with more qualified people in terms of lowered CHD risk, if they obtain qualifications later on in life. However, there are important limitations to these observed associations which limit any causal interpretation of the results. (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology) International Journal of Epidemiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5491567 Fri, 09 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5491567 South Asians have adverse cerebrovascular haemodynamics, despite equivalent blood pressure, compared with Europeans. This is due to their greater hyperglycaemia http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5491566&cid=s_28388_54_f&fid=28388&url=http%3A%2F%2Fije.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F40%2F6%2F1490%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions Cerebrovascular resistance and autoregulation are worse in South Asians than in Europeans, despite equivalent resting BP. The greater hyperglycaemia in South Asians accounts for their adverse cerebrovascular resistance. This could explain excess stroke in South Asians but requires testing in longitudinal studies. (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology) International Journal of Epidemiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5491566 Fri, 09 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5491566 The French paradox and other ecological fallacies http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5491565&cid=s_28388_54_f&fid=28388&url=http%3A%2F%2Fije.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F40%2F6%2F1486%3Frss%3D1 (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology) International Journal of Epidemiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5491565 Fri, 09 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5491565 Cohort Profile: Pathways of risk from conception to disease: the Western Australian schizophrenia high-risk e-Cohort http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5491564&cid=s_28388_54_f&fid=28388&url=http%3A%2F%2Fije.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F40%2F6%2F1477%3Frss%3D1 (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology) International Journal of Epidemiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5491564 Fri, 09 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5491564 Cohort Profile: The Jamaican 1986 Birth Cohort Study http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5491563&cid=s_28388_54_f&fid=28388&url=http%3A%2F%2Fije.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F40%2F6%2F1469%3Frss%3D1 (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology) International Journal of Epidemiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5491563 Fri, 09 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5491563 Cohort Profile: The 2004 Pelotas (Brazil) Birth Cohort Study http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5491562&cid=s_28388_54_f&fid=28388&url=http%3A%2F%2Fije.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F40%2F6%2F1461%3Frss%3D1 (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology) International Journal of Epidemiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5491562 Fri, 09 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5491562 Commentary: The history and place of n-of-1 trials: a commentary on Hogben and Sim http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5491561&cid=s_28388_54_f&fid=28388&url=http%3A%2F%2Fije.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F40%2F6%2F1458%3Frss%3D1 (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology) International Journal of Epidemiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5491561 Fri, 09 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5491561 Commentary: Hogben vs the Tyranny of Averages http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5491560&cid=s_28388_54_f&fid=28388&url=http%3A%2F%2Fije.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F40%2F6%2F1454%3Frss%3D1 (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology) International Journal of Epidemiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5491560 Fri, 09 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5491560 The Self-Controlled and Self-Recorded Clinical Trial for Low-Grade Morbidity http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5491559&cid=s_28388_54_f&fid=28388&url=http%3A%2F%2Fije.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F40%2F6%2F1438%3Frss%3D1 (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology) International Journal of Epidemiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5491559 Fri, 09 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5491559 Sleep epidemiology--a rapidly growing field http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5491558&cid=s_28388_54_f&fid=28388&url=http%3A%2F%2Fije.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F40%2F6%2F1431%3Frss%3D1 (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology) International Journal of Epidemiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5491558 Fri, 09 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5491558 Hogben on speed, paradoxes and strain* http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5491557&cid=s_28388_54_f&fid=28388&url=http%3A%2F%2Fije.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F40%2F6%2F1429%3Frss%3D1 (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology) International Journal of Epidemiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5491557 Fri, 09 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5491557 Authors's Response to Letter on the study of Rusconi et al. http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5372614&cid=s_28388_54_f&fid=28388&url=http%3A%2F%2Fije.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F40%2F5%2F1428%3Frss%3D1 (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology) International Journal of Epidemiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5372614 Sat, 29 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5372614 Paracetamol use for non-respiratory indications and subsequent asthma: a valuable way to eliminate confounding by respiratory infections http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5372613&cid=s_28388_54_f&fid=28388&url=http%3A%2F%2Fije.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F40%2F5%2F1427%3Frss%3D1 (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology) International Journal of Epidemiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5372613 Sat, 29 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5372613 Authors's Response to: Football matches and acute cardiac events: potential effects of a complex psychosocial phenomenon on cardiovascular health http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5372612&cid=s_28388_54_f&fid=28388&url=http%3A%2F%2Fije.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F40%2F5%2F1425%3Frss%3D1 (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology) International Journal of Epidemiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5372612 Sat, 29 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5372612 Football matches and acute cardiac events: potential effects of a complex psychosocial phenomenon on cardiovascular health http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5372611&cid=s_28388_54_f&fid=28388&url=http%3A%2F%2Fije.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F40%2F5%2F1422%3Frss%3D1 (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology) International Journal of Epidemiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5372611 Sat, 29 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5372611 The social context of sexual HIV prevention among female sex workers in China http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5372610&cid=s_28388_54_f&fid=28388&url=http%3A%2F%2Fije.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F40%2F5%2F1421%3Frss%3D1 (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology) International Journal of Epidemiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5372610 Sat, 29 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5372610 Editor's Response http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5372609&cid=s_28388_54_f&fid=28388&url=http%3A%2F%2Fije.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F40%2F5%2F1420-a%3Frss%3D1 (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology) International Journal of Epidemiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5372609 Sat, 29 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5372609 Fewer orphans than previously thought? http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5372608&cid=s_28388_54_f&fid=28388&url=http%3A%2F%2Fije.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F40%2F5%2F1420%3Frss%3D1 (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology) International Journal of Epidemiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5372608 Sat, 29 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5372608 Alcohol imagery and branding, and age classification of films popular in the UK http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5372607&cid=s_28388_54_f&fid=28388&url=http%3A%2F%2Fije.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F40%2F5%2F1411%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion Alcohol imagery is extremely common in all films popular in the UK, irrespective of BBFC age classification. Given the relationship between exposure to alcohol imagery in films and use of alcohol by young people, we suggest that alcohol imagery should be afforded greater consideration in determining the suitability of films for viewing by children and young people. (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology) International Journal of Epidemiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5372607 Sat, 29 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5372607 Heavy drinking occasions in relation to ischaemic heart disease mortality-- An 11-22 year follow-up of the 1984 and 1995 US National Alcohol Surveys http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5372606&cid=s_28388_54_f&fid=28388&url=http%3A%2F%2Fije.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F40%2F5%2F1401%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions Among former and current drinkers, heavy drinking occasions should be taken into account when examining the complex association of alcohol consumption on IHD mortality risk. (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology) International Journal of Epidemiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5372606 Sat, 29 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5372606 Domains of physical activity and all-cause mortality: systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of cohort studies http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5372605&cid=s_28388_54_f&fid=28388&url=http%3A%2F%2Fije.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F40%2F5%2F1382%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion Higher levels of total and domain-specific physical activity were associated with reduced all-cause mortality. Risk reduction per unit of time increase was largest for vigorous exercise. Moderate-intensity activities of daily living were to a lesser extent beneficial in reducing mortality. (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology) International Journal of Epidemiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5372605 Sat, 29 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5372605 Male circumcision and sexual function in men and women: a survey-based, cross-sectional study in Denmark http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5372604&cid=s_28388_54_f&fid=28388&url=http%3A%2F%2Fije.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F40%2F5%2F1367%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions Circumcision was associated with frequent orgasm difficulties in Danish men and with a range of frequent sexual difficulties in women, notably orgasm difficulties, dyspareunia and a sense of incomplete sexual needs fulfilment. Thorough examination of these matters in areas where male circumcision is more common is warranted. (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology) International Journal of Epidemiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5372604 Sat, 29 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5372604 A synthesis of convenience survey and other data to estimate undiagnosed HIV infection among men who have sex with men in England and Wales http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5372603&cid=s_28388_54_f&fid=28388&url=http%3A%2F%2Fije.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F40%2F5%2F1358%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions Our estimates are consistent with earlier work that did not make full use of data sources. Reconciling data from multiple sources, including probability-, clinic- and venue-based convenience samples can reduce bias in estimates. This methodology could be applied in other settings to take full advantage of multiple imperfect data sources. (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology) International Journal of Epidemiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5372603 Sat, 29 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5372603 Commentary: Decreasing response rates require investigators to quantify and report the impact of selection bias in case-control studies http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5372602&cid=s_28388_54_f&fid=28388&url=http%3A%2F%2Fije.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F40%2F5%2F1355%3Frss%3D1 (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology) International Journal of Epidemiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5372602 Sat, 29 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5372602 The potential value of sibling controls compared with population controls for association studies of lifestyle-related risk factors: an example from the Breast Cancer Family Registry http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5372601&cid=s_28388_54_f&fid=28388&url=http%3A%2F%2Fije.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F40%2F5%2F1342%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions Since participation of population controls might be unintentionally related to some risk factors, we hypothesize that sister controls could provide more valid relative risk estimates and be recruited at lower cost. Given declining study participation by population controls, this contention is highly relevant to epidemiologic research. (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology) International Journal of Epidemiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5372601 Sat, 29 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5372601 Bias in the case-only design applied to studies of gene-environment and gene-gene interaction: a systematic review and meta-analysis http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5372600&cid=s_28388_54_f&fid=28388&url=http%3A%2F%2Fije.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F40%2F5%2F1329%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion As understanding of the relationships between genes and environmental exposures in the population improves, the case-only design may prove to be of considerable value. (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology) International Journal of Epidemiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5372600 Sat, 29 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5372600 Is rigorous retrospective harmonization possible? Application of the DataSHaPER approach across 53 large studies http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5372599&cid=s_28388_54_f&fid=28388&url=http%3A%2F%2Fije.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F40%2F5%2F1314%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion The current article shows that the DataSHaPER provides an effective and flexible approach for the retrospective harmonization of information across studies. To implement data synthesis, some additional scientific, ethico-legal and technical considerations must be addressed. The success of the DataSHaPER as a harmonization approach will depend on its continuing development and on the rigour and extent of its use. The DataSHaPER has the potential to take us closer to a truly collaborative epidemiology and offers the promise of enhanced research potential generated through synthesized databases. (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology) International Journal of Epidemiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5372599 Sat, 29 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5372599 A graphical method for assessing agreement with the mean between multiple observers using continuous measures http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5372598&cid=s_28388_54_f&fid=28388&url=http%3A%2F%2Fije.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F40%2F5%2F1308%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions The proposed graphical method of assessing agreement can be used alongside other measures such as ICC for reporting on reproducibility in studies of multiple observers making continuous measurements. (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology) International Journal of Epidemiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5372598 Sat, 29 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5372598 Risk factors and interventions with statistically significant tiny effects http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5372597&cid=s_28388_54_f&fid=28388&url=http%3A%2F%2Fije.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F40%2F5%2F1292%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions Statistically significant tiny effects for risk factors and interventions of clinical or public health importance become more common in the literature. Cautious interpretation is warranted, since most of these effects could be eliminated with even minimal biases and their importance is uncertain. (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology) International Journal of Epidemiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5372597 Sat, 29 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5372597 Magnitude of effects in clinical trials published in high-impact general medical journals http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5372596&cid=s_28388_54_f&fid=28388&url=http%3A%2F%2Fije.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F40%2F5%2F1280%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions Small trials published in the most prestigious journals show more favourable effects for experimental interventions, and this is most prominent for early-published trials in such journals. No effect inflation is seen for large trials. (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology) International Journal of Epidemiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5372596 Sat, 29 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5372596 Risks of colon and rectal adenomas are differentially associated with anthropometry throughout life: the French E3N prospective cohort http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5372595&cid=s_28388_54_f&fid=28388&url=http%3A%2F%2Fije.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F40%2F5%2F1269%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions These findings suggest that early life events may influence early stages of colorectal carcinogenesis and add to the evidence of differential pathways of carcinogenesis in the right colon, left colon and rectum. (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology) International Journal of Epidemiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5372595 Sat, 29 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5372595 Menstrual factors and cancer risk among Korean women http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5372594&cid=s_28388_54_f&fid=28388&url=http%3A%2F%2Fije.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F40%2F5%2F1261%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion These findings suggest that female hormonal factors play a significant role in the development of cancer in Korean women. (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology) International Journal of Epidemiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5372594 Sat, 29 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5372594 Childhood cancer and nuclear power plants in Switzerland: a census-based cohort study http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5372593&cid=s_28388_54_f&fid=28388&url=http%3A%2F%2Fije.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F40%2F5%2F1247%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions This nationwide cohort study found little evidence of an association between residence near NPPs and the risk of leukaemia or any childhood cancer. (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology) International Journal of Epidemiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5372593 Sat, 29 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5372593 Is informal child care associated with childhood obesity? Evidence from Hong Kong's "Children of 1997" birth cohort http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5372592&cid=s_28388_54_f&fid=28388&url=http%3A%2F%2Fije.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F40%2F5%2F1238%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions In a developed, non-Western setting, informal child care was associated with childhood obesity. Modifiable attributes of informal child care warrant investigation for obesity prevention. (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology) International Journal of Epidemiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5372592 Sat, 29 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5372592 Is infant weight associated with childhood blood pressure? Analysis of the Promotion of Breastfeeding Intervention Trial (PROBIT) cohort http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5372591&cid=s_28388_54_f&fid=28388&url=http%3A%2F%2Fije.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F40%2F5%2F1227%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions Children who gained weight faster than their peers, particularly at later ages, had higher blood pressure at the age of 6.5 years, with no association between birthweight and blood pressure. (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology) International Journal of Epidemiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5372591 Sat, 29 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5372591 Pre-natal and post-natal growth trajectories and childhood cognitive ability and mental health http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5372590&cid=s_28388_54_f&fid=28388&url=http%3A%2F%2Fije.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F40%2F5%2F1215%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions Although the effect sizes are small and residual confounding cannot be excluded, our results suggest that among healthy children, faster growth from the pre-natal period through age 5 years is positively associated with cognitive ability, whereas faster growth in the pre-natal period and infancy is positively associated with mental health at early school age. (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology) International Journal of Epidemiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5372590 Sat, 29 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5372590 Mechanisms underlying the associations of maternal age with adverse perinatal outcomes: a sibling study of 264 695 Danish women and their firstborn offspring http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5372589&cid=s_28388_54_f&fid=28388&url=http%3A%2F%2Fije.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F40%2F5%2F1205%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions Our findings suggest that different mechanisms underlie the association of younger and older maternal age with adverse perinatal outcomes. Socio-economic position and other characteristics shared by sisters appear to explain most of the association of young maternal age with adverse perinatal outcomes, but the association of older maternal age with preterm birth, and SGA is not explained by this confounding and may even be masked by it. (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology) International Journal of Epidemiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5372589 Sat, 29 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5372589 The effect of water and sanitation on child health: evidence from the demographic and health surveys 1986-2007 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5372588&cid=s_28388_54_f&fid=28388&url=http%3A%2F%2Fije.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F40%2F5%2F1196%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions Although our point estimates indicate somewhat smaller protective effects than some of the estimates reported in the existing literature, the results presented in this article strongly underline the large health consequences of lacking access to water and sanitation for children aged <5 years in low- and middle-income countries. (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology) International Journal of Epidemiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5372588 Sat, 29 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5372588 The role of political and welfare state characteristics in infant mortality: a comparative study in wealthy countries since the late 19th century http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5372587&cid=s_28388_54_f&fid=28388&url=http%3A%2F%2Fije.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F40%2F5%2F1187%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions The relation between political and welfare state characteristics and infant mortality in previous studies probably reflects the historical moment in which the transition in infant mortality took place in each country. Methodological limitations do not allow inference of causality in the associations found between welfare state characteristics and infant mortality. (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology) International Journal of Epidemiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5372587 Sat, 29 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5372587 Cohort Profile: The Amsterdam Born Children and their Development (ABCD) Study http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5372586&cid=s_28388_54_f&fid=28388&url=http%3A%2F%2Fije.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F40%2F5%2F1176%3Frss%3D1 (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology) International Journal of Epidemiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5372586 Sat, 29 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5372586 Cohort Profile: Scottish Health and Ethnicity Linkage Study of 4.65 million people exploring ethnic variations in disease in Scotland http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5372585&cid=s_28388_54_f&fid=28388&url=http%3A%2F%2Fije.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F40%2F5%2F1168%3Frss%3D1 (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology) International Journal of Epidemiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5372585 Sat, 29 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5372585 Cohort Profile: The Nordic Perinatal Bereavement Cohort http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5372584&cid=s_28388_54_f&fid=28388&url=http%3A%2F%2Fije.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F40%2F5%2F1161%3Frss%3D1 (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology) International Journal of Epidemiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5372584 Sat, 29 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5372584 Commentary: Folate and neural tube defects--the influence of Smithells et al. on research and policy in the Antipodes http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5372583&cid=s_28388_54_f&fid=28388&url=http%3A%2F%2Fije.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F40%2F5%2F1159%3Frss%3D1 (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology) International Journal of Epidemiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5372583 Sat, 29 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5372583 Commentary: From controversy and procrastination to primary prevention http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5372582&cid=s_28388_54_f&fid=28388&url=http%3A%2F%2Fije.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F40%2F5%2F1156%3Frss%3D1 (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology) International Journal of Epidemiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5372582 Sat, 29 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5372582 Commentary: A brief history of folic acid in the prevention of neural tube defects http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5372581&cid=s_28388_54_f&fid=28388&url=http%3A%2F%2Fije.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F40%2F5%2F1154%3Frss%3D1 (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology) International Journal of Epidemiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5372581 Sat, 29 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5372581 Apparent prevention of neural tube defects by periconceptional vitamin supplementation* http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5372580&cid=s_28388_54_f&fid=28388&url=http%3A%2F%2Fije.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F40%2F5%2F1146%3Frss%3D1 An earlier preliminary paper is expanded. Women who had given birth to one or more infants with a neural tube defect were recruited into a trial of periconceptional vitamin supplementation. Two hundred mothers attending five centres were fully supplemented (FS), 50 were partially supplemented (PS), and 300 were unsupplemented (US). Neural tube defect recurrences in the study pregnancies were 1(0.5%), in FS, none in PS, and 13 (4%) in US mothers. The difference in outcome between FS and US mothers is significant. The most likely explanation is that supplementation has prevented some neural tube defects, but further studies are needed. (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology) International Journal of Epidemiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5372580 Sat, 29 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5372580 Tranexamic acid--a recipe for saving lives in traumatic bleeding http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5372579&cid=s_28388_54_f&fid=28388&url=http%3A%2F%2Fije.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F40%2F5%2F1145%3Frss%3D1 (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology) International Journal of Epidemiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5372579 Sat, 29 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5372579 Surveillance and monitoring: a vital investment for the changing burdens of disease* http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5372578&cid=s_28388_54_f&fid=28388&url=http%3A%2F%2Fije.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F40%2F5%2F1139%3Frss%3D1 (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology) International Journal of Epidemiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5372578 Sat, 29 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5372578 Is the first cut the deepest? Ernst Engel on the statistical imperative of embracing the lifecourse perspective http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5372577&cid=s_28388_54_f&fid=28388&url=http%3A%2F%2Fije.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F40%2F5%2F1135%3Frss%3D1 (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology) International Journal of Epidemiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5372577 Sat, 29 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5372577 Ecological correlations and the behavior of individuals http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5136928&cid=s_28388_54_f&fid=28388&url=http%3A%2F%2Fije.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F40%2F4%2F1134%3Frss%3D1 (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology) International Journal of Epidemiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5136928 Mon, 15 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5136928 Books Received http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5136927&cid=s_28388_54_f&fid=28388&url=http%3A%2F%2Fije.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F40%2F4%2F1133%3Frss%3D1 (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology) International Journal of Epidemiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5136927 Mon, 15 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5136927 Epidemiology and the People's Health. Theory and Context. * Nancy Krieger. http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5136926&cid=s_28388_54_f&fid=28388&url=http%3A%2F%2Fije.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F40%2F4%2F1130%3Frss%3D1 (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology) International Journal of Epidemiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5136926 Mon, 15 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5136926 A pilot study to explore whether airborne endotoxins play a role in the association between environmental tobacco smoke and non-respiratory, smoking-related diseases http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5136925&cid=s_28388_54_f&fid=28388&url=http%3A%2F%2Fije.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F40%2F4%2F1128%3Frss%3D1 (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology) International Journal of Epidemiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5136925 Mon, 15 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5136925 Re-analysis of risk for glioma in relation to mobile telephone use: comparison with the results of the Interphone international case-control study http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5136924&cid=s_28388_54_f&fid=28388&url=http%3A%2F%2Fije.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F40%2F4%2F1126%3Frss%3D1 (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology) International Journal of Epidemiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5136924 Mon, 15 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5136924 Robinson's Ecological Correlations and the Behavior of Individuals: methodological corrections http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5136923&cid=s_28388_54_f&fid=28388&url=http%3A%2F%2Fije.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F40%2F4%2F1123%3Frss%3D1 (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology) International Journal of Epidemiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5136923 Mon, 15 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5136923 Social and economic patterning in the Interphone study http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5136922&cid=s_28388_54_f&fid=28388&url=http%3A%2F%2Fije.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F40%2F4%2F1122%3Frss%3D1 (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology) International Journal of Epidemiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5136922 Mon, 15 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5136922 Health status and epidemiological capacity and prospects: WHO Western Pacific Region http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5136921&cid=s_28388_54_f&fid=28388&url=http%3A%2F%2Fije.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F40%2F4%2F1109%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion Communicable disease surveillance and research need consolidation (especially in eastern Asian WPR countries), and non-communicable disease epidemiological capacity requires strengthening to match disease trends. Capacity and sustainability of both training and research within LMICs in WPR are ongoing priorities. China in particular is advancing quickly. One role for the IEA in building capacity is facilitating collaborative networks within WPR. (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology) International Journal of Epidemiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5136921 Mon, 15 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5136921 Commentary: Reporting standards are needed for evaluations of risk reclassification http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5136920&cid=s_28388_54_f&fid=28388&url=http%3A%2F%2Fije.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F40%2F4%2F1106%3Frss%3D1 (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology) International Journal of Epidemiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5136920 Mon, 15 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5136920 Use of reclassification for assessment of improved prediction: an empirical evaluation http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5136919&cid=s_28388_54_f&fid=28388&url=http%3A%2F%2Fije.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F40%2F4%2F1094%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions Reclassification studies would benefit from more rigorous methodological standards; otherwise claims for improved reclassification may remain spurious. (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology) International Journal of Epidemiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5136919 Mon, 15 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5136919 Commentary: Money and models: double-edged swords http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5136918&cid=s_28388_54_f&fid=28388&url=http%3A%2F%2Fije.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F40%2F4%2F1091%3Frss%3D1 (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology) International Journal of Epidemiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5136918 Mon, 15 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5136918 Positive income shocks and accidental deaths among Cherokee Indians: a natural experiment http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5136917&cid=s_28388_54_f&fid=28388&url=http%3A%2F%2Fije.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F40%2F4%2F1083%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions Although long-term income gains may improve health in this population, our findings indicate that acute responses to large income gains, in the short term, increase risk-taking and accident proneness. We encourage further investigation of natural experiments to identify causal economic antecedents of population health. (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology) International Journal of Epidemiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5136917 Mon, 15 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5136917 Commentary: Being gay in straight places--exploring density effects on the mental health of homosexual and bisexual populations http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5136916&cid=s_28388_54_f&fid=28388&url=http%3A%2F%2Fije.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F40%2F4%2F1081%3Frss%3D1 (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology) International Journal of Epidemiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5136916 Mon, 15 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5136916 The protective effects of social/contextual factors on psychiatric morbidity in LGB populations http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5136915&cid=s_28388_54_f&fid=28388&url=http%3A%2F%2Fije.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F40%2F4%2F1071%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions These results provide evidence for the protective effect of social/contextual influences on the prevalence of psychiatric disorders in LGB individuals. Measures of the social environment should be incorporated into future research on the mental health of LGB populations. (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology) International Journal of Epidemiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5136915 Mon, 15 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5136915 Commentary: Trends in activity limitation http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5136914&cid=s_28388_54_f&fid=28388&url=http%3A%2F%2Fije.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F40%2F4%2F1068%3Frss%3D1 (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology) International Journal of Epidemiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5136914 Mon, 15 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5136914 Trends in activity limitations: the Dutch older population between 1990 and 2007 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5136913&cid=s_28388_54_f&fid=28388&url=http%3A%2F%2Fije.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F40%2F4%2F1056%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions No declines were observed in the prevalence of activity limitations in the Dutch older population over the period 1990–2007. The increase in life expectancy in this period is accompanied by a stable prevalence of most activity limitations. (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology) International Journal of Epidemiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5136913 Mon, 15 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5136913 Association between alcohol intake and risk for gastric cancer with regard to ALDH2 genotype in the Korean population http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5136912&cid=s_28388_54_f&fid=28388&url=http%3A%2F%2Fije.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F40%2F4%2F1047%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions A dose–response association between alcohol intake and the risk for gastric cancer was not observed. However, ALDH2 polymorphisms were found to modify the susceptibility to the development of gastric cancer associated with alcohol intake, especially in case of ALDH2 *1/*2 genotype. The findings suggest an alcohol–ALDH2 genotype interaction in gastric carcinogenesis. (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology) International Journal of Epidemiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5136912 Mon, 15 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5136912 Policies for alcohol restriction and their association with interpersonal violence: a time-series analysis of homicides in Cali, Colombia http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5136911&cid=s_28388_54_f&fid=28388&url=http%3A%2F%2Fije.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F40%2F4%2F1037%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion Extended hours of sales and consumption of alcohol were associated with increased risk of homicides. Strong restrictions on alcohol availability could reduce the incidence of interpersonal violence events in communities where homicides are high. (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology) International Journal of Epidemiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5136911 Mon, 15 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5136911 Commentary: Measuring nutritional status of children http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5136910&cid=s_28388_54_f&fid=28388&url=http%3A%2F%2Fije.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F40%2F4%2F1030%3Frss%3D1 (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology) International Journal of Epidemiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5136910 Mon, 15 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5136910 Is relative leg length a biomarker of childhood nutrition? Long-term follow-up of the Hyderabad Nutrition Trial http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5136909&cid=s_28388_54_f&fid=28388&url=http%3A%2F%2Fije.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F40%2F4%2F1022%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions In this nutritional supplementation trial in an undernourished population, we were unable to confirm relative leg length as a biomarker of childhood nutrition. Alternative explanations may underlie the reported associations between childhood conditions and relative leg length. (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology) International Journal of Epidemiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5136909 Mon, 15 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5136909 Commentary: Birthweight and childhood cognition: the use of twin studies http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5136908&cid=s_28388_54_f&fid=28388&url=http%3A%2F%2Fije.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F40%2F4%2F1019%3Frss%3D1 (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology) International Journal of Epidemiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5136908 Mon, 15 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5136908 The effect of birthweight on childhood cognitive development in a middle-income country http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5136907&cid=s_28388_54_f&fid=28388&url=http%3A%2F%2Fije.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F40%2F4%2F1008%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion Scarcity of uterine resources resulting in intra-uterine growth restriction has a detrimental effect on cognitive development in childhood. This effect interacts with family socioeconomic status (SES), so that low-SES families reinforce the effect of low birthweight and high-SES families fully compensate for it. Findings are particularly relevant in the developing world, where intra-uterine growth restriction is the main determinant of low birthweight. (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology) International Journal of Epidemiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5136907 Mon, 15 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5136907 Commentary: Additional strong evidence that optimal serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels are at least 75 nmol/l http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5136906&cid=s_28388_54_f&fid=28388&url=http%3A%2F%2Fije.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F40%2F4%2F1005%3Frss%3D1 (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology) International Journal of Epidemiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5136906 Mon, 15 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5136906 Vitamin D and all-cause mortality among adults in USA: findings from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Linked Mortality Study http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5136905&cid=s_28388_54_f&fid=28388&url=http%3A%2F%2Fije.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F40%2F4%2F998%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions Concentrations of vitamin D were weakly and inversely related to all-cause mortality in this sample of US adults. (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology) International Journal of Epidemiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5136905 Mon, 15 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5136905 Commentary: Obesity-years--a new metric to measure health effects of obesity http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5136904&cid=s_28388_54_f&fid=28388&url=http%3A%2F%2Fije.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F40%2F4%2F996%3Frss%3D1 (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology) International Journal of Epidemiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5136904 Mon, 15 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5136904 The number of years lived with obesity and the risk of all-cause and cause-specific mortality http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5136903&cid=s_28388_54_f&fid=28388&url=http%3A%2F%2Fije.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F40%2F4%2F985%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions The number of years lived with obesity is directly associated with the risk of mortality. This needs to be taken into account when estimating its burden on mortality. (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology) International Journal of Epidemiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5136903 Mon, 15 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5136903 Trends in malnutrition and mortality in Darfur, Sudan, between 2004 and 2008: a meta-analysis of publicly available surveys http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5136902&cid=s_28388_54_f&fid=28388&url=http%3A%2F%2Fije.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F40%2F4%2F971%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion A meta-analysis of myriads of surveys permitted us to draw an overall picture of the situation in Darfur and to identify some of its influencing factors. The large humanitarian operation, which gained momentum through 2004–05, was able to contain the crisis despite huge difficulties, but did not compensate for seasonal variations. The situation has remained fragile with some negative patterns tending to emerge. It is crucial that the humanitarian situation continues to be closely monitored. (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology) International Journal of Epidemiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5136902 Mon, 15 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5136902 The incubation period distribution of tuberculosis estimated with a molecular epidemiological approach http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5136901&cid=s_28388_54_f&fid=28388&url=http%3A%2F%2Fije.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F40%2F4%2F964%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions Molecular epidemiological analysis has allowed a more precise description of the incubation period of TB than was possible in previous studies, including the identification of risk factors for shorter incubation periods. (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology) International Journal of Epidemiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5136901 Mon, 15 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5136901 Smallpox vaccination and all-cause infectious disease hospitalization: a Danish register-based cohort study http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5136900&cid=s_28388_54_f&fid=28388&url=http%3A%2F%2Fije.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F40%2F4%2F955%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion Smallpox vaccination is associated with a reduced risk of infectious disease hospitalization in a high-income setting. (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology) International Journal of Epidemiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5136900 Mon, 15 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5136900 In utero and intra-partum HIV-1 transmission and acute HIV-1 infection during pregnancy: using the BED capture enzyme-immunoassay as a surrogate marker for acute infection http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5136899&cid=s_28388_54_f&fid=28388&url=http%3A%2F%2Fije.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F40%2F4%2F945%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions These data provide evidence that in utero transmission of HIV might be higher among women who seroconvert during pregnancy. (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology) International Journal of Epidemiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5136899 Mon, 15 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5136899 Commentary: Malaria and HIV transmission: old meets new in a deadly partnership or an opportunity for healthcare synergism? http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5136898&cid=s_28388_54_f&fid=28388&url=http%3A%2F%2Fije.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F40%2F4%2F940%3Frss%3D1 (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology) International Journal of Epidemiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5136898 Mon, 15 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5136898 HIV-malaria co-infection: effects of malaria on the prevalence of HIV in East sub-Saharan Africa http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5136897&cid=s_28388_54_f&fid=28388&url=http%3A%2F%2Fije.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F40%2F4%2F931%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion This is the first study to report malaria as a risk factor of concurrent HIV infection at the population level. According to our results, individuals who live in areas with high P. falciparum parasite rate have about twice the risk of being HIV positive compared with individuals who live in areas with low P. falciparum parasite rate. Our work emphasizes the need for field studies focused on quantifying the interaction among parasitic infections and risk of HIV infection, and studies to explore the impact of control interventions. Programmes focused on reducing malaria transmission will be important to address, especially in HIV-infected individuals. (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology) International Journal of Epidemiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5136897 Mon, 15 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5136897 Stabilizing HIV prevalence masks high HIV incidence rates amongst rural and urban women in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5136896&cid=s_28388_54_f&fid=28388&url=http%3A%2F%2Fije.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F40%2F4%2F922%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion HIV incidence rates are devastatingly high in young women in rural and urban KwaZulu-Natal, despite reports of stabilized HIV prevalence observed in current surveillance data. The diffuse nature of the HIV epidemic underscores the urgent need to enhance HIV prevention and treatment modalities. (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology) International Journal of Epidemiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5136896 Mon, 15 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5136896 Commentary: Pregnancy outcome--a fertile barometer for women's health http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5136895&cid=s_28388_54_f&fid=28388&url=http%3A%2F%2Fije.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F40%2F4%2F920%3Frss%3D1 (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology) International Journal of Epidemiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5136895 Mon, 15 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5136895 Maternal risk of ischaemic heart disease following elective and spontaneous pre-term delivery: retrospective cohort study of 750 350 singleton pregnancies http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5136894&cid=s_28388_54_f&fid=28388&url=http%3A%2F%2Fije.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F40%2F4%2F914%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions We observed a stronger association between elective pre-term delivery and IHD, than spontaneous pre-term delivery and IHD. Elective pre-term delivery is usually undertaken because of growth restriction or pre-eclampsia, resulting from placental dysfunction. The age trend observed suggests an underlying genetic predisposition to both placental dysfunction and IHD. (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology) International Journal of Epidemiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5136894 Mon, 15 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5136894 Major life events and the risk of ischaemic heart disease: does accumulation increase the risk? http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5136893&cid=s_28388_54_f&fid=28388&url=http%3A%2F%2Fije.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F40%2F4%2F904%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion This prospective study finds no associations between accumulated MLE and IHD. MLE is, however, strongly associated with VE and use of tranquillizers. The results underscore the problems in conceptualizing and measuring MLE. (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology) International Journal of Epidemiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5136893 Mon, 15 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5136893 Commentary: Non-communicable diseases in sub-Saharan Africa: a new global health priority and opportunity http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5136892&cid=s_28388_54_f&fid=28388&url=http%3A%2F%2Fije.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F40%2F4%2F902%3Frss%3D1 (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology) International Journal of Epidemiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5136892 Mon, 15 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5136892 Non-communicable diseases in sub-Saharan Africa: what we know now http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5136891&cid=s_28388_54_f&fid=28388&url=http%3A%2F%2Fije.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F40%2F4%2F885%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions The prevalence of NCDs and their risk factors is high in some SSA settings. With the lack of vital statistics systems, epidemiologic studies with a variety of designs (cross-sectional, longitudinal and interventional) capable of in-depth analyses of risk factors could provide a better understanding of NCDs in SSA, and inform health-care policy to mitigate the oncoming NCD epidemic. (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology) International Journal of Epidemiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5136891 Mon, 15 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5136891 Cohort Profile: The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5136890&cid=s_28388_54_f&fid=28388&url=http%3A%2F%2Fije.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F40%2F4%2F877%3Frss%3D1 (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology) International Journal of Epidemiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5136890 Mon, 15 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5136890 Cohort Profile: The Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5136889&cid=s_28388_54_f&fid=28388&url=http%3A%2F%2Fije.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F40%2F4%2F868%3Frss%3D1 (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology) International Journal of Epidemiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5136889 Mon, 15 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5136889 Cohort Profile: The Bambui (Brazil) Cohort Study of Ageing http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5136888&cid=s_28388_54_f&fid=28388&url=http%3A%2F%2Fije.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F40%2F4%2F862%3Frss%3D1 (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology) International Journal of Epidemiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5136888 Mon, 15 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5136888 Commentary: The death of clinical freedom http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5136887&cid=s_28388_54_f&fid=28388&url=http%3A%2F%2Fije.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F40%2F4%2F859%3Frss%3D1 (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology) International Journal of Epidemiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5136887 Mon, 15 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5136887 Commentary: Clinical freedom is dead and no one need regret its passing http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5136886&cid=s_28388_54_f&fid=28388&url=http%3A%2F%2Fije.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F40%2F4%2F858%3Frss%3D1 (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology) International Journal of Epidemiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5136886 Mon, 15 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5136886 Commentary: 'The end of clinical freedom': relevance in the era of evidence-based medicine http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5136885&cid=s_28388_54_f&fid=28388&url=http%3A%2F%2Fije.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F40%2F4%2F855%3Frss%3D1 (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology) International Journal of Epidemiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5136885 Mon, 15 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5136885 Commentary: The clinical freedom worth having--commentary on Hampton (1983) http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5136884&cid=s_28388_54_f&fid=28388&url=http%3A%2F%2Fije.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F40%2F4%2F853%3Frss%3D1 (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology) International Journal of Epidemiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5136884 Mon, 15 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5136884 Commentary: The need for clinical freedom http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5136883&cid=s_28388_54_f&fid=28388&url=http%3A%2F%2Fije.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F40%2F4%2F849%3Frss%3D1 (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology) International Journal of Epidemiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5136883 Mon, 15 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5136883 The end of clinical freedom http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5136882&cid=s_28388_54_f&fid=28388&url=http%3A%2F%2Fije.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F40%2F4%2F848%3Frss%3D1 (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology) International Journal of Epidemiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5136882 Mon, 15 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5136882 Epidemiology of healthy ageing and the idea of more refined outcome measures http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5136881&cid=s_28388_54_f&fid=28388&url=http%3A%2F%2Fije.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F40%2F4%2F845%3Frss%3D1 (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology) International Journal of Epidemiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5136881 Mon, 15 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5136881 NCDs--what's in an acronym? http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5136880&cid=s_28388_54_f&fid=28388&url=http%3A%2F%2Fije.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F40%2F4%2F843%3Frss%3D1 (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology) International Journal of Epidemiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5136880 Mon, 15 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5136880 Authors' Response * Correlation between baseline telomere length and shortening over time--spurious or true? http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5084631&cid=s_28388_54_f&fid=28388&url=http%3A%2F%2Fije.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F40%2F3%2F840%3Frss%3D1 (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology) International Journal of Epidemiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5084631 Sat, 30 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5084631 Spurious association between telomere length reduction over time and baseline telomere length http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5084630&cid=s_28388_54_f&fid=28388&url=http%3A%2F%2Fije.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F40%2F3%2F839%3Frss%3D1 (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology) International Journal of Epidemiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5084630 Sat, 30 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5084630 Watching football matches and the risk of acute myocardial infarction http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5084629&cid=s_28388_54_f&fid=28388&url=http%3A%2F%2Fije.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F40%2F3%2F838%3Frss%3D1 (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology) International Journal of Epidemiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5084629 Sat, 30 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5084629 Cancer screening: inequalities ... in the data http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5084628&cid=s_28388_54_f&fid=28388&url=http%3A%2F%2Fije.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F40%2F3%2F837-a%3Frss%3D1 (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology) International Journal of Epidemiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5084628 Sat, 30 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5084628 Authors' Response to the letter to the editor: Cancer screening: inequalities ... in the data http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5084627&cid=s_28388_54_f&fid=28388&url=http%3A%2F%2Fije.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F40%2F3%2F837%3Frss%3D1 (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology) International Journal of Epidemiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5084627 Sat, 30 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5084627 Response to: Gregson S, Gonese E, Hallett TB et al. HIV decline in Zimbabwe due to reductions in risky sex? Evidence from a comprehensive epidemiological review http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5084626&cid=s_28388_54_f&fid=28388&url=http%3A%2F%2Fije.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F40%2F3%2F836%3Frss%3D1 (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology) International Journal of Epidemiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5084626 Sat, 30 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5084626 Association between arsenic exposure from drinking water and proteinuria: results from the Health Effects of Arsenic Longitudinal Study http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5084625&cid=s_28388_54_f&fid=28388&url=http%3A%2F%2Fije.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F40%2F3%2F828%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion The findings suggest that there are adverse effects of As exposure on the risk of proteinuria and the effects are modifiable by recent changes in As exposure. (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology) International Journal of Epidemiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5084625 Sat, 30 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5084625 Recent respiratory infection and risk of venous thromboembolism: case-control study through a general practice database http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5084624&cid=s_28388_54_f&fid=28388&url=http%3A%2F%2Fije.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F40%2F3%2F819%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions There are strong associations between recent respiratory infection and VTE. There should be less distinction between venous and arterial events in decisions about preventing or aborting infections, especially in high-risk patients. (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology) International Journal of Epidemiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5084624 Sat, 30 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5084624 Type 2 diabetes incidence and socio-economic position: a systematic review and meta-analysis http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5084623&cid=s_28388_54_f&fid=28388&url=http%3A%2F%2Fije.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F40%2F3%2F804%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions The risk of getting type 2 diabetes was associated with low SEP in high-, middle- and low-income countries and overall. The strength of the associations was consistent in high-income countries, whereas there is a strong need for further investigation in middle- and low-income countries. (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology) International Journal of Epidemiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5084623 Sat, 30 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5084623 Effectiveness of different types of motorcycle helmets and effects of their improper use on head injuries http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5084622&cid=s_28388_54_f&fid=28388&url=http%3A%2F%2Fije.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F40%2F3%2F794%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions Of the three helmet types, half-coverage helmets provided motorcyclists the least protection from head injuries. Furthermore, wearing a loosely fastened helmet may compromise any potential protection. (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology) International Journal of Epidemiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5084622 Sat, 30 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5084622 Explaining low mortality among US immigrants relative to native-born Americans: the role of smoking http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5084621&cid=s_28388_54_f&fid=28388&url=http%3A%2F%2Fije.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F40%2F3%2F786%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions Low smoking-related mortality was the main reason for immigrants’ and Hispanics’ longevity advantage in the USA in 2000. (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology) International Journal of Epidemiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5084621 Sat, 30 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5084621 The Simpson's paradox unraveled http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5084620&cid=s_28388_54_f&fid=28388&url=http%3A%2F%2Fije.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F40%2F3%2F780%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion Analytical errors may occur when the problem is stripped of its causal context and analyzed merely in statistical terms. (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology) International Journal of Epidemiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5084620 Sat, 30 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5084620 Commentary: Adjusting for bias: a user's guide to performing plastic surgery on meta-analyses of observational studies http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5084619&cid=s_28388_54_f&fid=28388&url=http%3A%2F%2Fije.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F40%2F3%2F777%3Frss%3D1 (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology) International Journal of Epidemiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5084619 Sat, 30 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5084619 A proposed method of bias adjustment for meta-analyses of published observational studies http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5084618&cid=s_28388_54_f&fid=28388&url=http%3A%2F%2Fije.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F40%2F3%2F765%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion This approach provides a viable method of bias adjustment for meta-analyses of observational studies, allowing the quantitative synthesis of evidence from otherwise incompatible studies. From the meta-analysis of longitudinal observational studies, we conclude that there is no evidence that physical activity is associated with gain in body fat. (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology) International Journal of Epidemiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5084618 Sat, 30 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5084618 Avoiding bias from weak instruments in Mendelian randomization studies http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5084617&cid=s_28388_54_f&fid=28388&url=http%3A%2F%2Fije.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F40%2F3%2F755%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions Weak instrument bias is of practical importance for the design and analysis of Mendelian randomization studies. Post hoc choice of instruments, genetic models or data based on measured F-statistics can exacerbate bias. In particular, the commonly cited rule of thumb that F > 10 avoids bias in IV analysis is misleading. (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology) International Journal of Epidemiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5084617 Sat, 30 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5084617 Commentary: Can 'many weak' instruments ever be 'strong'? http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5084616&cid=s_28388_54_f&fid=28388&url=http%3A%2F%2Fije.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F40%2F3%2F752%3Frss%3D1 (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology) International Journal of Epidemiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5084616 Sat, 30 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5084616 Power and instrument strength requirements for Mendelian randomization studies using multiple genetic variants http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5084615&cid=s_28388_54_f&fid=28388&url=http%3A%2F%2Fije.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F40%2F3%2F740%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions The feasibility of well-powered, unbiased MR studies will depend upon the amount of variance in the exposure that can be explained by known genetic factors and the ‘strength’ of the IV set derived from these genetic factors. (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology) International Journal of Epidemiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5084615 Sat, 30 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5084615 Genetic contributions to the association between adult height and testicular germ cell tumors http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5084614&cid=s_28388_54_f&fid=28388&url=http%3A%2F%2Fije.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F40%2F3%2F731%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions This novel analysis provides tentative evidence that SNPs which are associated with adult height may also share an association with risk of TGCT. (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology) International Journal of Epidemiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5084614 Sat, 30 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5084614