MedWorm.com provides a medical RSS filtering service. Over 6000 RSS medical sources are combined and output via different filters. This feed contains the latest items from the 'International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction' source. Sat, 20 Mar 2010 16:42:39 +0100 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3362349&cid=s_33387_2_f&fid=33387&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fh63g2673n158n839%2F Abstract  While mainstream psychiatry tends to view psychosis as an enduring and chronic condition, there is growing interest in the possibility of recovery from psychosis. A phenomenological research method was utilized in interviewing 17 individuals who all self-identified as being in recovery from psychosis. The research question was, “What was the lived experience of having a psychosis episode and now being in recovery?” Through thematic analysis, the authors found four major themes and seven subthemes that described the experience of recovery from psychosis. The four major themes included: (i) pre-psychosis childhood traumatic experiences, (ii) the descent into psychosis, (iii) paths to recovery, and (iv) post-recovery challenges. These findings suggest both some p... International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3362349 Thu, 11 Mar 2010 02:48:52 +0100 3362349 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3358881&cid=s_33387_2_f&fid=33387&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fy177472646588t70%2F Content Type Journal ArticleDOI 10.1007/s11469-010-9269-2Authors Rick Wolff, University of Massachusetts Amherst MA USA Journal International Journal of Mental Health and AddictionOnline ISSN 1557-1882Print ISSN 1557-1874 (Source: International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction) International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3358881 Wed, 10 Mar 2010 16:11:40 +0100 3358881 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3331209&cid=s_33387_2_f&fid=33387&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F1g11nr1884387422%2F Content Type Journal ArticleDOI 10.1007/s11469-010-9270-9Authors Alex Blaszczynski, The University of Sydney School of Psychology Sydney Australia Journal International Journal of Mental Health and AddictionOnline ISSN 1557-1882Print ISSN 1557-1874 (Source: International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction) International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3331209 Tue, 02 Mar 2010 10:06:47 +0100 3331209 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3314596&cid=s_33387_2_f&fid=33387&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F1k7753kv66x117t4%2F Abstract  The progressive approaches First Nations, Métis, and Inuit communities use to address health and wellness concerns are rarely written about or acknowledged in a positive manner. This paper speaks to a concept introduced through the Canadian Aboriginal Aids Network (CAAN) entitled “wise practices”. CAAN saw a wise practices model as more useful and inclusive of Aboriginal community practice and knowledge exchange than the current “best practice” model. In addition, wise practices acknowledge and express the notion of “Changing the Face of Aboriginal Canada”, a metaphor frequently used by the senior author of this paper, as a long overdue vehicle for lifting up the collective morale of Aboriginal peoples in Canada. Indigenous peoples worldwide have long ... International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3314596 Thu, 25 Feb 2010 08:01:30 +0100 3314596 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3208273&cid=s_33387_2_f&fid=33387&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F17363336q461k318%2F Abstract  An existing database was used to compare problem gamblers (N = 138) who presented for treatment of their gambling problem to two other groups: alcohol and/or drug addiction clients who also had a gambling problem (N = 280) or who did not have a gambling problem (N = 2178). Clients with gambling as their primary problem were more likely to be female; employed or retired; more highly educated; married, divorced, or widowed; without legal problems; and older than the other groups. They also had different patterns of recent mental health diagnoses and problematic substance use. The other problem gambling clients were more similar to the substance only clients. These findings indicate that those who present for treatment of problem gambling are a distinct sub... International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3208273 Thu, 21 Jan 2010 11:08:06 +0100 3208273 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3193645&cid=s_33387_2_f&fid=33387&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fu0350285qg9x2rr4%2F Abstract  Across cultures, approximately one third of people with drug dependence are women of child-bearing age. There is emerging evidence regarding the effectiveness of integrating pregnancy, parenting, and child development services with addiction services. In 2007, we conducted a national survey of addiction agencies serving women to provide preliminary information on available services. Approximately one half of the program managers reported providing some type of pregnancy-, parenting-, or child-related services, the majority of which were external referrals, and very few agencies provided any services for children under 5 years. These findings indicate a gap in services in Canada. Reliable data on services for women with substance use issues and their children ... International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3193645 Fri, 15 Jan 2010 00:46:58 +0100 3193645 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3163678&cid=s_33387_2_f&fid=33387&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fv155526332422gg0%2F This article describes the population of children in care of the child welfare system in Manitoba. Also this article will highlight the relevance of these research findings to aboriginal populations in Canada and its implications for international aboriginal/indigenous groups. Finally, the implications for policy, practice are discussed and the article puts forward some directions for further research. Content Type Journal ArticleDOI 10.1007/s11469-009-9258-5Authors Don Fuchs, University of Manitoba Winnipeg MB CanadaLinda Burnside, University of Manitoba Winnipeg MB CanadaSheila Marchenski, University of Manitoba Winnipeg MB CanadaAndria Mudry, University of Manitoba Winnipeg MB Canada Journal International Journal of Mental Health and AddictionOnline ISSN 1557-1882Print IS... International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3163678 Fri, 08 Jan 2010 09:16:07 +0100 3163678 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3163679&cid=s_33387_2_f&fid=33387&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F4m402x1q45q11127%2F Abstract  This paper focuses on issues associated with parenting and living with FASD. It is based on a larger research and video production project that examined the challenges, accomplishments and support needs of adults with FASD in relation to parenting, employment and the legal system. Using theoretical sampling techniques, in-depth, face-to-face interviews were conducted with a total of 59 people from 5 diverse communities in British Columbia; of these, 15 were adults with (suspected) FASD. Findings presented in this article relate to parents’ hopes, goals and accomplishments, parenting challenges, experiences with the child welfare system, and perceived barriers to support, including policy-related barriers. Findings also revealed prevailing ignorance about the nat... International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3163679 Fri, 08 Jan 2010 09:16:06 +0100 3163679 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3163680&cid=s_33387_2_f&fid=33387&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fa8w76456n3226783%2F Abstract  Research on alcohol and substance use in First Nations populations frequently describes the nature of the problem, and the severity of the risk factors, but seldom addresses possible interventions and the effectiveness of the treatments that clients do engage in. This paper reviews a participatory evaluation of the 6-week residential ‘Namgis Treatment Centre (NTC) program in Alert Bay, British Columbia. Intake files (n = 218) were reviewed for clients who participated in 17 different 6-week sessions over a period of two and a half years. The assessment included a telephone follow-up survey, developed in conjunction with all of the NTC staff, for clients who had been out of treatment for 3–37 months (n = 91, 52.7% male and 47.3% female participants)... International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3163680 Fri, 08 Jan 2010 09:16:01 +0100 3163680 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3163681&cid=s_33387_2_f&fid=33387&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fr7435783x1351120%2F Abstract  Children and adolescents are at increased risk of developing gambling problems compared to adults. A review of successful prevention campaigns targeting drinking and driving, smoking, unprotected sex, and drug use suggests that public service announcements (PSAs) featuring celebrity spokespersons have strong potential for raising awareness of the risks associated with excessive underage gambling. In developing these PSAs, the psychological processes underlying persuasion should be considered along with the source characteristics of prospective spokespersons. Having a celebrity spokesperson associated with gambling should lend credibility to the message and increase issue relevant processing among youth highly involved in gambling. The recent surge in popularity of... International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3163681 Thu, 07 Jan 2010 15:58:51 +0100 3163681 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3156399&cid=s_33387_2_f&fid=33387&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F33513426r9567404%2F Abstract  Catatonia is a syndrome of specific motor abnormalities closely associated with disorders in mood, affect, thought and cognition. The principal signs of the disorder are mutism, immobility, negativism, posturing, stereotypy and echo phenomena. Catatonia is commonly seen in various psychiatric disorders, neurological disorders and certain medical conditions. It has also been reported in individuals with substance withdrawal. But we are presenting the case of a patient with cannabis dependence, who presented with symptoms of catatonia preceded by an increase in the amount of cannabis intake and resolution of the catatonia when he abstained from the substance. Literature review did not show any case revealing association between cannabis to catatonia. Content Type ... International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3156399 Wed, 06 Jan 2010 06:55:35 +0100 3156399 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3135472&cid=s_33387_2_f&fid=33387&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fh06584556n440137%2F Abstract   Mamow-Sha-way-gi-kay-win: North-South Partnership for Children represents a coalition of individuals and organizations from southern Ontario who have partnered with First Nations Chiefs, community leaders, Elders, youth and community members from 30 remote northern communities. The collective goal of the Partnership is to learn from one another while addressing the needs of First Nations communities. Southern partners are dedicated to following the direction of northern First Nations in identifying issues, priorities and potential solutions. These issues stem from an imposed colonial history and loss of land, culture, and identity; and, from the abuse and trauma suffered by many survivors of the residential school system. First Nations have clear aspirations and ... International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3135472 Wed, 30 Dec 2009 06:48:32 +0100 3135472 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3133538&cid=s_33387_2_f&fid=33387&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fh3j43310u54571t9%2F Abstract  The paper gives an account of psychiatric services in Dubai (U.A.E). It describes the unique demographic constitution of Dubai and its complex health system. It also discusses the reasons behind the primitiveness of psychiatry in comparison to other medical specialities and services, especially considering the wealth of Dubai. The paper then goes on to mention the available psychiatric services and the environment of the psychiatric department in Rashid Hospital in Dubai. Finally, the report touches on areas of mental health legislation, education, training and research in the field of mental health in Dubai. Content Type Journal ArticleDOI 10.1007/s11469-009-9252-yAuthors Saoud Al Mualla, Rashid Hospital Department of Health & Medical Services (DOHMS) Dubai Un... International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3133538 Tue, 29 Dec 2009 06:57:44 +0100 3133538 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3082338&cid=s_33387_2_f&fid=33387&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fx3278480g0416272%2F Abstract  The aim of the study was to examine the relationship between neuropsychological impairment in severe alcohol dependence and relapse. This was assessed following inpatient detoxification over a period of three months. Participants were tested on measures of neuropsychological functioning at the end of a seven to ten day stay in an inpatient alcohol detoxification unit. Participants were followed up three months later by telephone to ascertain the number of days in which alcohol was consumed during this period using the Timeline Follow Back procedure (TLFB). A correlation and regression design was used to analyse results. An inpatient alcohol detoxification unit. Thirty-four residents in an inpatient alcohol detoxification unit. Executive dysfunction during detoxifi... International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3082338 Wed, 09 Dec 2009 06:51:01 +0100 3082338 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3048039&cid=s_33387_2_f&fid=33387&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F71611637w6161r58%2F Abstract  The effects of a warning banner, informing patrons of the randomness of Video Lottery Terminal (VLT) outcomes, on gambling behaviour and beliefs were tested in a field setting using a mixed- model 2 × 3 design over a six-week period with 27 problem and 27 non-problem gamblers recruited from bars in a Canadian city with a population of 85,000. Overall, self-reported VLT gambling behaviour decreased significantly during the three, two-week periods. More specifically, gambling behaviour during the banner period was significantly less than during the baseline period. In addition, for only problem gamblers, significant decreases in faulty gambling beliefs were found across the three periods. This suggested that decreases in gambling behaviour were mediated by decr... International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3048039 Thu, 26 Nov 2009 08:14:54 +0100 3048039 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2999455&cid=s_33387_2_f&fid=33387&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fj168u5x5u2745k00%2F Abstract  Previous research in US populations has found associations between disaster-related variables, psychological variables, and post-disaster increases in smoking and alcohol use. To date, no research has examined this association in an international population of disaster exposed individuals. Data used in this study were drawn from a larger study involving a two-wave assessment of a disaster-affected sample of Vietnamese citizens (N = 798). Interviews were conducted to assess the effects of mental health variables and typhoon related variables on reported increases in alcohol use and cigarette smoking. Results indicate that post-disaster increases in smoking were associated with post-disaster diagnosis of generalized anxiety disorder. Post-disaster increases in al... International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2999455 Sat, 14 Nov 2009 06:59:40 +0100 2999455 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2984717&cid=s_33387_2_f&fid=33387&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fxt1057184538ml18%2F Abstract  In addiction research it is imperative to explore, not only motivations that precipitate drug use and abuse, but also the changes which take place in the social environment that enable individuals suffering from an addictive disorder to ‘break the cycle’ and reach a position of recovery. Therefore the main aims of the study were to explore the idiosyncratic experiences of female heroin addicts. Five female participants were recruited. Open ended, semi-structured interviews were performed; their narratives were then analysed according to the principles of Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA; Smith et al. 1999). Three recurrent super-ordinate themes were developed including: childhood experiences, physiological and psychological effects and perceptions... International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2984717 Tue, 10 Nov 2009 08:05:14 +0100 2984717 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2984718&cid=s_33387_2_f&fid=33387&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fn26077n557g1l324%2F We describe New Choices as an example of an integrated program, review research on existing treatment for Aboriginal mothers with substance use issues, and describe Sheway as a promising integrated program for Aboriginal women with substance abuse issues and their young children. There are few treatment programs specifically for Aboriginal mothers with substance use issues and their children and very little research on their effectiveness. Based on our review of existing evidence, we offer recommendations for future research and practice. Content Type Journal ArticleDOI 10.1007/s11469-009-9255-8Authors Alison Niccols, McMaster University Hamilton ON CanadaColleen Anne Dell, McMaster University Hamilton ON CanadaSharon Clarke, McMaster University Hamilton ON Canada Journal I... International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2984718 Tue, 10 Nov 2009 08:05:13 +0100 2984718 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2967225&cid=s_33387_2_f&fid=33387&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F9712354144832410%2F This study used data from semi-structured focus groups and interviews with 38 participants (Median age 42 years) to explore wider aspects of accessibility. People preferred venues which were open long hours and located close to home, work or regular routes, i.e., geo-temporal accessibility. This was particularly influential for problem gamblers. Social and personal accessibility related to venues as safe, social, easy entertainment experiences, and as an accessible retreat from life issues. The attraction of an accessible retreat was restricted to problem gamblers. Finally, low outlay games and easy access to money increased financial accessibility. Accessibility should therefore be considered multidimensional. Further, results suggested that while gambling as safe, social enter... International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2967225 Tue, 03 Nov 2009 20:38:38 +0100 2967225 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2946859&cid=s_33387_2_f&fid=33387&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fk240j78120t23w34%2F Abstract  Research has estimated that between 6 to 13% of individuals who play video games do so excessively. However, the methods and definitions used to identify “problem” video game players often vary considerably. This research presents preliminary validation data for a new measure of problematic video game play called the Problem Video Game Playing Test (PVGT). Two studies were conducted: an online survey of 373 university student video game players, and a paper-and-pencil survey of 416 video game players from video game outlets and LAN businesses. This paper presents the internal consistency, score distribution, convergent validity and dimensionality of the PVGT. The PVGT demonstrates potential as a continuous measure of problem video game playing. Future research... International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2946859 Thu, 29 Oct 2009 07:03:25 +0100 2946859 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2875910&cid=s_33387_2_f&fid=33387&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fb3wx6574q5476527%2F Abstract  The study examined the perception of random lines by people with gambling problems compared to people without gambling problems. The sample consisted of 67 probable pathological gamblers and 46 people without gambling problems. Participants completed a number of questionnaires about their gambling and were then presented with a series of random and non-random lines. The participants rated lines as random if the pattern stayed near zero (the middle of the screen) and did not form anything that resembled waves. The probable pathological gamblers rated 2 of the patterns (jumps, and multi-wave) as significantly less random than non-problem gamblers. They also rated random lines significantly less random than the non-problem gamblers. That is, they seem to be able to fi... International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2875910 Wed, 07 Oct 2009 07:35:20 +0100 2875910 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2875911&cid=s_33387_2_f&fid=33387&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fa735424x200775h3%2F Abstract  Suicide is a complex problem linked to genetic, environmental, psychological and community factors. For the Aboriginal population more specifically, loss of culture, history of traumatic events, individual, family and community factors may also play a role in suicidal behaviour. Of particular concern is the high rate of suicide among Canadian Aboriginal youth. While the need to develop interventions to reduce suicidal behaviour for First Nations on-reserve populations is evident, there may be an element of distrust of researchers by Aboriginal communities. Furthermore, research in mental health and specifically suicide is much more sensitive than studying medical illnesses like diabetes. Clearly, this issue requires a unique and insightful approach. While numerous... International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2875911 Wed, 07 Oct 2009 07:35:19 +0100 2875911 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2871477&cid=s_33387_2_f&fid=33387&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fr13562052202x10h%2F This article describes these initiatives and some of the early successes and challenges we have faced in the design and implementation of them. Preliminary evidence is presented to support the contention that these initiatives increase youth engagement. Content Type Journal ArticleDOI 10.1007/s11469-009-9242-0Authors Claire V. Crooks, CAMH Centre for Prevention Science London Ontario CanadaDebbie Chiodo, CAMH Centre for Prevention Science London Ontario CanadaDarren Thomas, Wilfrid Laurier University Brantford Ontario CanadaRay Hughes, CAMH Centre for Prevention Science London Ontario Canada Journal International Journal of Mental Health and AddictionOnline ISSN 1557-1882Print ISSN 1557-1874 (Source: International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction) International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2871477 Tue, 06 Oct 2009 12:50:43 +0100 2871477 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2862397&cid=s_33387_2_f&fid=33387&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fb3k72646l5j32116%2F Abstract  Child sexual abuse (CSA) lead to short-term sequelae and long-lasting pervasive outcomes. Research has started addressing CSA as a potential risk factor for later addictions, including pathological gambling. Among Aboriginal peoples, it is plausible that the legacy of residential schooling and other historical traumas have led to unresolved grief that contribute to social problems, such as pathological gambling. The purpose of this brief paper is to report on the few available studies examining the connection between CSA and later pathological gambling. Results show that gambling is more prevalent among Aboriginal than non-Aboriginal populations. Although no causal relationship has been confirmed, experiences of CSA may be related to the later development of patho... International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2862397 Fri, 02 Oct 2009 05:47:14 +0100 2862397 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2862398&cid=s_33387_2_f&fid=33387&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F2273134v8t255241%2F Abstract  Schizophrenia is a chronic mental illness which poses a tremendous burden on the families, caregivers and the society. The purpose of this paper is to provide an updated review of the epidemiology of schizophrenia with a special attention to the clinically important risk factors such as drug abuse, hormonal factors and the new advances in genetic research. The authors reviewed the literature with a special focus to the recent papers published from January 1970 to present. The prevalence of schizophrenia varied by ten-fold and the incidence of schizophrenia varied by five-fold among different studies. Significant advances in genetic research and DNA technology have been achieved over the past two decades and suggested substantial genetic etiology of schizophrenia. ... International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2862398 Fri, 02 Oct 2009 05:47:13 +0100 2862398 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2851680&cid=s_33387_2_f&fid=33387&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fr82604x144ur3185%2F Content Type Journal ArticleCategory ErratumDOI 10.1007/s11469-009-9249-6Authors Lisa Rey Thomas, University of Washington Alcohol and Drug Abuse Institute Seattle WA USADennis M. Donovan, University of Washington Alcohol and Drug Abuse Institute Seattle WA USARobin L. W. Sigo, Suquamish Tribe Suquamish WA USA Journal International Journal of Mental Health and AddictionOnline ISSN 1557-1882Print ISSN 1557-1874 (Source: International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction) International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2851680 Tue, 29 Sep 2009 07:33:28 +0100 2851680 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2812347&cid=s_33387_2_f&fid=33387&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fr2116132350656k6%2F Abstract  The Tobacco Advertising and Promotion Act (TAPA), introduced between 2003 and 2005 in the UK, prohibits all tobacco advertising, promotion and sponsorship. Packaging, however, is not covered in the Act. Two strands of a long-term audit (trade press review and panel of smokers) are examined to monitor change in tobacco packaging from January 2002 to January 2009. The trade press provides numerous examples of value based (altered pack size or price marked packaging), image based (altered pack design) and innovation based (pack additions or modifications) packaging. Some examples of value, image and innovation based packaging are reported in the trade press from 2002 to 2004, but mention of all three forms of packaging increases markedly from 2005 onwards, as other f... International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2812347 Fri, 18 Sep 2009 06:48:29 +0100 2812347 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2812348&cid=s_33387_2_f&fid=33387&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fd624618670673787%2F Abstract  Defined by researchers as “a silent epidemic” the gambling phenomenon is a social problem that has a negative impact on individuals, families and communities. Among these effects, there is exasperating evidence of comprised community networks, a deterioration of family and social ties, psychiatric co-morbidity, suicides and more recently, homelessness. In this context, individual, structural and social vulnerabilities become important markers in understanding the dynamics involved. From a social critical perspective of the literature review, we will highlight some of the major psychosocial stakes underlining the social construction of gambling as pathology. Following a brief definition of the concept of vulnerability, the focus of this paper will be placed on ... International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2812348 Thu, 17 Sep 2009 12:42:17 +0100 2812348 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2812349&cid=s_33387_2_f&fid=33387&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F24717w407j8j47p8%2F This study provides analysis of a representative national sample of Internet gamblers. Using participant data from the 2007 British Gambling Prevalence Survey (n = 9003 adults aged 16 years and over), all participants who had gambled online, bet online, and/or who had used a betting exchange in the last 12 months (6% of the total sample) were compared with all other gamblers who had not gambled via the Internet (62% of the sample). Results showed that Internet gambling and non-Internet gambling had a significant association with smoking (nicotine) and drinking (alcohol). Self-reported general health status was not significantly associated with Internet gambling but was significantly associated with offline gambling. Analysis of DSM-IV scores showed that problem gambling ... International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2812349 Tue, 15 Sep 2009 20:45:04 +0100 2812349 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2812351&cid=s_33387_2_f&fid=33387&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fq28140q433613930%2F Content Type Journal ArticleDOI 10.1007/s11469-009-9236-yAuthors Griffith Edwards, King’s College London Institute of Psychiatry, National Addiction Centre London UKTom Babor, University of Connecticut Farmington CT USAShane Darke, University of New South Wales Sydney AustraliaWayne Hall, University of Queensland Herston, Qld AustraliaJohn Marsden, King’s College London Institute of Psychiatry, National Addiction Centre London UKPeter Miller, Deakin University Geelong AustraliaRobert West, University College London London UK Journal International Journal of Mental Health and AddictionOnline ISSN 1557-1882Print ISSN 1557-1874 (Source: International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction) International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2812351 Tue, 15 Sep 2009 20:45:02 +0100 2812351 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2812350&cid=s_33387_2_f&fid=33387&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F12914611r031848p%2F Abstract  Access to, and delivery of, safe and culturally appropriate health services is increasingly important in New Zealand. This paper will focus on counting the costs of health advocacy through the experience of a small non government charitable organisation, the Health Advocates Trust, (HAT) which aimed to provide advocacy services for a wide range of different population groups, each with distinct but also similar health needs in the Auckland and Northland regions of New Zealand. The costs of advocating for a fair share of funding for the provision of health advocacy services for approximately a third of New Zealand’s population and the legal journey and involved is discussed as well as the lessons those involved have learnt along the way. A focus is made on the im... International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2812350 Tue, 15 Sep 2009 20:45:02 +0100 2812350 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2812352&cid=s_33387_2_f&fid=33387&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F8351646u2v52606r%2F Abstract  The purpose of this paper is to describe characteristics of substance abuse treatment counselors in the Republic of South Africa, including demographics, education, training, and job duties. Counselors recruited from 24 treatment centers completed a survey after signing informed consent. Counselors were primarily female (75%), racially diverse (36.4% White, 30.8% Black, 18.9% Coloured, 12.6% Indian or Asian, and 1.4% Cape Malay), and were 38 years old on average. The majority (62.3%) held at least an equivalent of a bachelor’s degree, and just under half (49%) were registered social workers. Counselors had a mean of 5.3 years’ experience in substance abuse treatment. The substance abuse treatment workforce of South Africa appears to be young and educ... International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2812352 Tue, 15 Sep 2009 20:45:00 +0100 2812352 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2812353&cid=s_33387_2_f&fid=33387&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F0g5l5443q2379856%2F Abstract  Indigenous communities have engaged in needs and resources assessments for thousands of years. By blending CBPR/TPR approaches with community-driven assets and needs assessments, academic and community based researchers can work together to better understand and identify community strengths as well as issues of concern in Native communities. This best practice approach can set research agendas that are relevant to Native communities and result in interventions and health promotion programs that are respectful of Tribal sovereignty and that incorporate unique traditions and strengths of Native communities. A successful research partnership to develop and implement a needs and resources assessment using CBPR/TPR approaches is presented using a case study that can be... International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2812353 Tue, 15 Sep 2009 20:44:59 +0100 2812353 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2768608&cid=s_33387_2_f&fid=33387&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fn0q82846um612115%2F The objective of this study was to investigate the association between depression and anxiety and adolescents’ smoking status, and to determine whether depression or anxiety mediate the association between Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and smoking. A cross-sectional survey of tobacco use was conducted in regional school districts located outside the Greater Vancouver area of British Columbia, Canada. The sample included 6,943 students. Having taken medications for depression, anxiety, or ADHD; ethnicity/race; and parental, peer, and sibling smoking status were significantly associated with smoking status. ADHD was significantly associated with depression and anxiety. In multivariate analysis, although depression/anxiety and ADHD were found to be significant correl... International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2768608 Thu, 03 Sep 2009 06:33:33 +0100 2768608 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2737673&cid=s_33387_2_f&fid=33387&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F4jg3371k88611705%2F Content Type Journal ArticleDOI 10.1007/s11469-009-9227-zAuthors Betty Ford Institute, Consensus Panel, Executive Office of the President, Office of National Drug Control Policy Washington, DC USA Journal International Journal of Mental Health and AddictionOnline ISSN 1557-1882Print ISSN 1557-1874 (Source: International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction) International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2737673 Tue, 25 Aug 2009 06:45:49 +0100 2737673 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2724774&cid=s_33387_2_f&fid=33387&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fr7884m322x221623%2F Abstract  This exploratory study examined reflective practice among a class of students studying a ‘communities and addictions’ course as part of the undergraduate health science degree. Most reflective practice publications are focused on medical or teachers’ training rather than undergraduates in general. This is surprising given that reflective practice is an impetus to deeper learning. The students were required to write a 500 word reflective piece after writing essays on the disease model and a public health approach to problem gambling, substance use, tobacco use, or eating disorders. This innovative study demonstrated that reflective practice can help the students learn on a deeper level both academically and personally. In particular, reflective practice shoul... International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2724774 Fri, 21 Aug 2009 11:10:35 +0100 2724774 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2733964&cid=s_33387_2_f&fid=33387&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fn724h44q77413486%2F Abstract  Most states and territories in Australia have adopted the Problem Gambling Severity Index (PGSI) of the Canadian Problem Gambling Index as the standard measure of problem gambling in their prevalence studies and research programs. However, notwithstanding this attempted standardisation, differences in sampling and recruitment methodologies and in some cases the modification of the scoring methods used in the PGSI have lead to substantial difficulties in comparison of the prevalence rates obtained in different studies. This paper focuses on how these two actions may significantly underestimate the true prevalence percent of problem gambling in Australian studies of the prevalence of problem gambling. It is recommended that the original and validated version of the ... International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2733964 Tue, 18 Aug 2009 09:18:08 +0100 2733964 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2719642&cid=s_33387_2_f&fid=33387&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fw25693732t857k45%2F Abstract  How do we limit our focus to mental health when Indigenous teaching demands a much wider lens? How do we respond to mental health recovery when Indigenous experience speaks to a very different approach to healing, and how can we take up the health of Indigenous people in Canada without a discussion of identity and colonization? We cannot, for the mental health and recovery of Indigenous people in Canada have always been tied to history, identity, politics, language and dislocation. Thus, in this paper, our aim is to make clear that history, highlight the impacts of colonization and expound on Indigenous healing practices taking place in Toronto. Based on findings from a local research project, we argue these healing practices go beyond limited notions of recovery ... International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2719642 Tue, 18 Aug 2009 09:18:08 +0100 2719642 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2733965&cid=s_33387_2_f&fid=33387&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fd0r35148154552g7%2F Abstract  Virtual communities for those who self-injure (SI) are increasingly popular and involve Internet communication technologies including e-message boards. The social and emotional support of an accepting virtual community may facilitate individual recovery from SI. Via self-report data, this study describes individuals who participate in virtual communities for those who SI and implications for e-health communities. Sixty-seven individuals who participate in virtual communities responded to ten open-ended questionnaire items posted on two e-message boards for those who SI. Participants reported a variety of strategies of self-harm. The majority indicated that they SI in response to emotional distress. Almost half reported visiting the boards at least once a day. More... International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2733965 Tue, 18 Aug 2009 09:18:07 +0100 2733965 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2719643&cid=s_33387_2_f&fid=33387&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fd7431v04272x9817%2F Abstract  This paper details a four-stage methodology for developing early alcohol interventions for at-risk Aboriginal youth. Stage 1 was an integrative approach to Aboriginal education that upholds Aboriginal traditional wisdom supporting respectful relationships to the Creator, to the land and to each other. Stage 2 used quantitative methods to investigate associations between personality risk factors and risky drinking motives. Stage 3 used qualitative interviews to further understand the contexts and circumstances surrounding drinking behaviour within a larger cultural context. Stage 3 involved tailoring personality-matched, motive-specific brief interventions to meet at-risk adolescents’ needs. Stage 4 involved an efficacy test of the interventions. This novel metho... International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2719643 Tue, 18 Aug 2009 09:18:07 +0100 2719643 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2648927&cid=s_33387_2_f&fid=33387&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fb43j3631663xn1g1%2F Abstract  Childhood maltreatment has been thought to be a significant risk factor in the development of gambling problems. Incorporating a developmental psychopathology perspective, 1,324 adolescents and young adults, age 17–22 years completed self-report measures on gambling behaviors, gambling severity, and childhood maltreatment. Problem gamblers reported high levels of childhood maltreatment as compared with non gamblers and social gamblers. The results highlight the inter-relationship between multiple types of childhood abuse and gambling severity and are consistent with Jacobs’ General Theory of Addictions and Blaszczynski and Nower’s Pathways Model. The importance of routine assessments for childhood trauma, in addition to other psychological disorders and c... International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2648927 Sun, 26 Jul 2009 21:24:59 +0100 2648927 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2648926&cid=s_33387_2_f&fid=33387&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fb58w064u6q826445%2F Abstract  Although outcomes monitoring and the collection of other performance data holds benefits for service managers and policy makers, the extent to which these data are collected by South African substance abuse service providers is unknown. To describe (i) the extent to which substance abuse service providers in South Africa monitor and evaluate their programmes and (ii) the availability of structures to support monitoring and evaluation activities within these services. Cross-sectional surveys of substance abuse treatment services were conducted in Gauteng and KwaZulu-Natal provinces (2006–2007) and the Central and Northern region of the country (2007–2008). A survey of prevention services was conducted in the Cape Town metropole (2008). Across all sites approxim... International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2648926 Sun, 26 Jul 2009 21:24:59 +0100 2648926 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2639550&cid=s_33387_2_f&fid=33387&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fn072354j70723555%2F Abstract  Conventional views towards psychosis typically portray psychosis as an illness of the brain with a generally poor prognosis, even if treated with antipsychotics. However, there is a growing body of literature which presents an alternative view of psychosis, whereby people are not only able to recover from psychosis, but can also experience transformative and/or spiritual growth through psychosis. To learn more about the transformative potential of psychotic experiences, a phenomenological approach was used to research the experiences of six people who self-identified as having benefited from psychosis in a spiritual and/or transformative manner. Keys themes emerging from interviews with these six individuals included in the pre-psychosis phase “childhood foresha... International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2639550 Wed, 22 Jul 2009 02:01:37 +0100 2639550 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2634306&cid=s_33387_2_f&fid=33387&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fy6k470502h144587%2F This study is part of a school-based collaborative research project with a Nova Scotian Mi’kmaq community that hopes to shed light on the relationship between exposure to violence and mental health in First Nations youth. This particular study sought to examine how the multifaceted construct of resilience might act as a protective factor, buffering some students from the negative mental health consequences of exposure to violence. The present paper focuses on whether the construct of resilience, measured by the Child and Youth Resiliency Measure (CYRM; Ungar et al. 2008), has a moderating impact on the relationship between exposure to violence (emotional, physical, and sexual), measured by the Childhood Experience of Violence Questionnaire (CEVQ; Walsh, MacMillan, Trocmé, Jamieson,... International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2634306 Sat, 18 Jul 2009 17:55:51 +0100 2634306 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2591397&cid=s_33387_2_f&fid=33387&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Ff32k5gk52371110u%2F This study uses data from two case studies to highlight the role of context in distinguishing excessive gaming from addictive gaming. Both of the gamers in this study claimed to be playing for up to 14 h a day yet and although they were behaviorally identical in terms of their game playing, they were very different in terms of psychological motivation and the meaning and experience of gaming within their lives. It is argued that one of the players appears to be genuinely addicted to online gaming but that the other player is not based on context and consequences. The two cases outlined highlight the importance of context in the life of a gamer and demonstrates that excessive gaming does not necessarily mean that a person is addicted. It is argued that online gaming addiction sho... International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2591397 Tue, 07 Jul 2009 14:51:16 +0100 2591397 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2509961&cid=s_33387_2_f&fid=33387&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fn16121l21v088650%2F This study aimed to provide an initial perspective on the possible utility of Problem Behaviour Theory, a well-validated model for the emergence of problem behaviours such as alcohol and cannabis use in adolescents. Problem Behaviour Theory posits that the emergence of these behaviours is influenced by three systems of psychosocial influence: the Personality System, the Perceived Environment System and the Behaviour System, in addition to demographic and socialization factors. Problem gambling among youth in various ethnic communities may have the potential to be explained by PBT, as it employs a psychosocial framework to explain adolescent involvement in behaviours socially defined as deviant or inappropriate. We conducted separate focus groups for adolescent and adult members of t... International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2509961 Thu, 18 Jun 2009 15:54:14 +0100 2509961 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2509962&cid=s_33387_2_f&fid=33387&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fj5rv51v840243453%2F Abstract  Although abuse of several unusual inhalants had been documented, addiction to cow dung fumes or their ashes has not been reported in medical literature as yet. We are reporting a case of cow dung dependence in ingestion and inhalational form. Content Type Journal ArticleDOI 10.1007/s11469-009-9214-4Authors Praveen Khairkar, Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences Department of Psychiatry Sawangi (M) Wardha Maharashtra IndiaPrashant Tiple, Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences Department of Psychiatry Sawangi (M) Wardha Maharashtra IndiaGovind Bang, Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences Department of Psychiatry Sawangi (M) Wardha Maharashtra India Journal International Journal of Mental Health and AddictionOnline ISSN 1557-1882Print ISSN 1557-1874 ... International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2509962 Thu, 11 Jun 2009 13:51:21 +0100 2509962 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2509963&cid=s_33387_2_f&fid=33387&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fa28462mvr1065135%2F Abstract  Colonial projects in Canada have a long history of violently intervening into the personal lives and social structures of Indigenous peoples. These interventions are associated with elevated rates of addictions and mental health issues among Indigenous peoples. In this paper we employ an indigenized social determinants approach to mental health and addictions that accounts for the multiple, intersecting effects of colonial discourse upon the health of Indigenous peoples, and particularly the health effects of colonial interventions into the lives of First Nations Indigenous children in Canada. We focus on both historic and contemporary discourses about Indigenous peoples as deviant, discourses that include particular ideas and assumptions held by government offici... International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2509963 Thu, 11 Jun 2009 13:51:20 +0100 2509963 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2509964&cid=s_33387_2_f&fid=33387&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Frr35377625w20262%2F Abstract  Empirical research examining the situational characteristics of gambling and their effect on gambling behaviour is limited but growing. This experimental pilot investigation reports the first ever empirical study into the combined effects of both music and light on gambling behaviour. While playing an online version of roulette, 56 participants took part in one of four experimental conditions (14 participants in each condition); (1) gambling with fast tempo music under normal (white) light, (2) gambling with fast tempo music under red light, (3) gambling with slow tempo music under normal (white) light, and (4) gambling with slow tempo music under red light. Risk (dollars spent) per spin and speed of bets were measured as indicators of gambling behaviour. Signific... International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2509964 Thu, 11 Jun 2009 13:51:19 +0100 2509964 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2457835&cid=s_33387_2_f&fid=33387&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F5082362q11l4q166%2F We examined internal consistency and test-retest reliability of a measure of dispositional optimism, the Life Orientation Test — Revised, in 121 opiate-dependent patients seeking methadone treatment. Internal consistency was adequate at baseline (α = .69) and follow-up (α = .72). Low socioeconomic status and being on disability were significantly associated with reduced internal consistency; ethnic and educational differences approached significance. Test-retest reliability was good (ICC = .72), varying across gender, race, ethnicity, education, employment and income (ICC Range = .24 –.85). Criterion validity was strong; the LOT-R was significantly negatively correlated with hopelessness (r = -.65, p < .001) and depression (r = -.60, p < .001)... International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2457835 Tue, 02 Jun 2009 08:09:12 +0100 2457835 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2440588&cid=s_33387_2_f&fid=33387&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fn882282707332152%2F Content Type Journal ArticleDOI 10.1007/s11469-009-9223-3Authors Masood Zangeneh, International Journal of Mental Health & Addiction (IJMA) Editorial Office, 54 Royal Chapin Crescent Richmond Hill ON L4S 2A7 Canada Journal International Journal of Mental Health and AddictionOnline ISSN 1557-1882Print ISSN 1557-1874 (Source: International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction) International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2440588 Wed, 27 May 2009 05:48:47 +0100 2440588 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2440589&cid=s_33387_2_f&fid=33387&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fe623n07r1234q467%2F Abstract  The study focuses on the serious issue related to the adolescents’ and adults’ behavior and health. It aims to identify the risk factors for drug abuse from samples taken from a town of Eastern Nepal. This is a matched case-control study. The conditional logistic regression method was adopted for data analysis. The diagnosis cut off was determined by Receiver Operating Characteristic curve. A representative sample of 150 matched pairs was recruited from Dharan in 2006. The final model after adjusting 17 possible variables each other, detected some factors like education, occupation, short temper, depression, etc that were significantly associated with drug abuse, but shy behavior was not a significant predictor for drug abuse among the study sample. The level ... International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2440589 Wed, 27 May 2009 05:48:46 +0100 2440589 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2432719&cid=s_33387_2_f&fid=33387&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fa710743472804777%2F Abstract  Methamphetamine has become a drug of concern in many countries. This qualitative study reports on the historical and current psychological and physical health of a group of methamphetamine users in Auckland, New Zealand in 2004, most of whom were in drug treatment. Participants reported they had experienced a range of physical health problems including those relating to lack of eating, skin problems, and cardiovascular and respiratory issues. Psychological problems included hallucinatory experiences, lack of sleep, feelings and acts of aggression and poor self-esteem. SF-36 results indicated that current health status was perceived as generally ‘good’, possibly due to many having stopped using the drug. Many participants were poly drug users so attribution to ... International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2432719 Fri, 22 May 2009 05:53:24 +0100 2432719 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2432717&cid=s_33387_2_f&fid=33387&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fj274k0462530k027%2F Content Type Journal ArticleCategory ErratumDOI 10.1007/s11469-009-9222-4Authors Todd Monroe, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center Memphis TN USAFrances Pearson, The University of Memphis Memphis TN USAHeidi Kenaga, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center Memphis TN USA Journal International Journal of Mental Health and AddictionOnline ISSN 1557-1882Print ISSN 1557-1874 (Source: International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction) International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2432717 Fri, 22 May 2009 05:53:24 +0100 2432717 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2416591&cid=s_33387_2_f&fid=33387&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F9142570213555058%2F The objective of the study was to qualitatively evaluate the managerial and organisational issues associated with service quality in a privately funded alcohol treatment centre in the UK. Two different groups of participants at a private treatment clinic were interviewed. The first group comprised 25 of its patients. The second group comprised 15 staff members of the same clinic. All 40 interviews were transcribed and a thematic analysis was performed on the data to reveal the key themes. Six themes emerged from the interviews amongst patients and staff of the treatment clinic. The six themes were: (1) the fellowship of patients, (2) professionalism, (3) process and measurement, (4) incarceration, (5) empathy gap, and (6) access to treatment. Findings suggested there was a strong emp... International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2416591 Tue, 12 May 2009 05:59:51 +0100 2416591 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2416590&cid=s_33387_2_f&fid=33387&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fh53v45288457w593%2F This study indicates that HIV/AIDS update trainings should be a priority for school personnel in order to increase their knowledge, comfort, confidence, and attitudes in addressing the needs of students and their families in an appropriate educational setting. Content Type Journal ArticleDOI 10.1007/s11469-009-9221-5Authors Sharon Deutschlander, Indiana University of Pennsylvania Indiana PA USA Journal International Journal of Mental Health and AddictionOnline ISSN 1557-1882Print ISSN 1557-1874 (Source: International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction) International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2416590 Tue, 12 May 2009 05:59:51 +0100 2416590 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2416593&cid=s_33387_2_f&fid=33387&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fp1585q8w77861886%2F Abstract  Important to the assessment of adolescent alcohol misuse is examination of alcohol-related problems. However, most measurement tools have only been validated among Euro-American cultures. The present study assessed the ability of the Rutgers Alcohol Problem Index (RAPI) to identify problem drinkers among groups of First Nations Mi’kmaq and non-Aboriginal adolescents from rural Nova Scotia and compared cut-point scores across cultural groups. Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analyses revealed that the RAPI adequately distinguished between problem and non-problem drinkers in both groups with similar levels of precision. Cut-points were lower for First Nations Mi’kmaq as compared to non-Aboriginal adolescents. Results support the use of the RAPI with... International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2416593 Tue, 12 May 2009 05:59:46 +0100 2416593 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2416592&cid=s_33387_2_f&fid=33387&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F0820x60p431p3023%2F Abstract  This paper examines the post-treatment support practices, attitudes and preferences of outpatient alcohol and other drug (AOD) treatment staff as well as perceived barriers to implementing a post-treatment support service in an outpatient AOD treatment context. Data were collected via semi-structured interview and group discussion (n = 23). Findings suggest that post-treatment support was rarely provided by participating AOD treatment staff or their respective services. However, there was widespread support for implementing such services, and it was generally believed that implementation would be most successful if: multiple post-treatment support options were made available; if one or more of these options were based on the maintenance of an established client... International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2416592 Tue, 12 May 2009 05:59:46 +0100 2416592 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2388380&cid=s_33387_2_f&fid=33387&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fg462155t7788113h%2F Abstract  Indigenous populations are now being encouraged to be involved in the business of gambling as an operator or if not given that status, are actively encouraged to participate in gambling activities. Research both published and unpublished show that different indigenous populations often have a higher prevalence of problem and pathological gambling than other populations groups, especially the dominant population, which actively encourages the normalisation and exposure of vulnerable peoples to gambling. Within this context there are issues for indigenous peoples which vary from one country to another, but irrespective of different government and state policies, there are matters to be considered such as the “voice”, of indigenous peoples in gambling policies, t... International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2388380 Sat, 02 May 2009 06:28:09 +0100 2388380 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2357621&cid=s_33387_2_f&fid=33387&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F065594r85l65w824%2F Abstract  Based upon a previous qualitative study a questionnaire ascertaining adolescents’ awareness of gambling advertisements and their impact upon their behavior was developed and administered to 1,147 youth between the ages of 12 and 19. The findings suggest that almost all youth report being exposed to advertising with many individuals indicating being bombarded with messages, especially through pop-up ads viewed on the Internet. Sixty-one percent of youth reported receiving spam gambling advertisements by e-mail and 96% had seen TV advertisements for gambling. The underlying perceived message is that winning is easy, the chance of winning is high and that gambling is an easy way to become wealthy. While most youth are dismissive of the messages and are aware of the... International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2357621 Tue, 21 Apr 2009 10:57:08 +0100 2357621 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2357627&cid=s_33387_2_f&fid=33387&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fp2281078260g1921%2F Abstract  Research examining the relationships among Maori cultural identification, drinking behaviour, drinking motivation and mental health is almost non-existent. A review of literature suggests that stronger Maori identification could be associated with lower alcohol consumption on a typical occasion, less frequent drinking, drinking to enhance mood or sociability (positive reinforcement) and better mental health. Maori identification and mental health would be related inversely to negative reinforcement (reduce aversive and undesirable states) and to negative affect (feeling angry, aggressive). The convenience sample consisted of 113 male and 334 female Maori aged 18–80 years (M = 33.88, SD = 11.43). Participants completed an online or mail questionnaire ... International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2357627 Tue, 21 Apr 2009 10:57:07 +0100 2357627 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2347558&cid=s_33387_2_f&fid=33387&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Faq1k1538kg708p20%2F Abstract  For more than a century, the US nursing profession has been aware of substance abuse problems among its practitioners and student nurses but has generally dealt with the issue by taking disciplinary action rather than pursuing nonpunitive options. The latter course would allow more healthcare providers, following successful rehabilitation, to remain in the profession. Since the early 1980s, the American Nurses Association (ANA), National Council of State Boards of Nursing (NCSBN), American Association of Colleges of Nursing (AACN), and the International Nurses Society on Addictions (IntNSA) have actively promoted nonpunitive substance abuse policies, and many states have adopted alternative-to-discipline programs that have achieved good outcomes. At the same time,... International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2347558 Thu, 16 Apr 2009 06:08:26 +0100 2347558 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2331052&cid=s_33387_2_f&fid=33387&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Ff57j8j2416239v31%2F This study examined drug use patterns, HIV/AIDS, and related outcomes among former Soviet Union (FSU) immigrants from Russia, Ukraine and the Caucasus mountain region in Israel who reported heroin use. A total of 253 FSU heroin users were interviewed from 2002 to 2007 as part of a large drug use surveillance study in Israel. Individuals were sampled at drug treatment facilities in an urban population center of the Negev region of Israel. Participants were assessed using the Addiction Severity Index, fifth edition. First, immigrants from Russia and Ukraine were compared; then, as a group, compared to those from the Caucasus region. Overall, ASI composite scores suggested comparable levels of addiction severity between the Russian and Ukrainian groups. However, Kavkaz immigrants are ol... International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2331052 Thu, 09 Apr 2009 07:02:46 +0100 2331052 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2331053&cid=s_33387_2_f&fid=33387&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fx8t60608314752m8%2F Content Type Journal ArticleDOI 10.1007/s11469-009-9210-8Authors Masood Zangeneh, International Journal of Mental Health & Addiction (IJMA) Editorial Office, 54 Royal Chapin Crescent Richmond Hill ON L4S 2A7 Canada Journal International Journal of Mental Health and AddictionOnline ISSN 1557-1882Print ISSN 1557-1874 Journal Volume Volume 7 Journal Issue Volume 7, Number 2 / April, 2009 (Source: International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction) International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2331053 Thu, 09 Apr 2009 07:02:45 +0100 2331053 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2331054&cid=s_33387_2_f&fid=33387&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F640867030577p255%2F Abstract  The paper outlines the advantages, disadvantages, and other implications of using the Internet to collect data from gaming addicts. Drawing from experience of numerous addiction studies carried out online by the author, and by reviewing the methodological literature examining online data collection among both gambling addicts and video game addicts, the main issues concerning data collected using the Internet are discussed and reviewed. This paper extends upon previous methodological papers in the area by outlining some of the methodological and ethical issues associated with specific (rather then generic) online methodologies that have been used to carry out gaming addiction research. The specific online data collection methods examined include the collection of g... International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2331054 Wed, 08 Apr 2009 09:33:48 +0100 2331054 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2331055&cid=s_33387_2_f&fid=33387&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fe36r361015778147%2F Abstract  Excessive video game playing behaviour may be influenced by a variety of factors including the structural characteristics of video games. Structural characteristics refer to those features inherent within the video game itself that may facilitate initiation, development and maintenance of video game playing over time. Numerous structural characteristics that influence gambling frequency and expenditure have been identified in the gambling literature, and some researchers have drawn comparisons between the rewarding elements in video gaming and those in slot machine gambling. However, there have been few rigorous attempts to classify and organise the psycho-structural elements of video games in a similar way to gambling. In order to aid current psychological unders... International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2331055 Tue, 07 Apr 2009 05:50:50 +0100 2331055 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2331056&cid=s_33387_2_f&fid=33387&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fc5v56125880u2p64%2F Abstract  This policy commentary addresses a significant access to care issue that faces methadone maintenance patients seeking residential treatment in the United States. Methadone maintenance therapy (MMT) has demonstrated strong efficacy in the outpatient treatment of opiate dependence. However, many opiate dependent patients are also in need of more intensive interventions, such as residential care. Many publically-funded residential treatment programs explicitly decline to admit MMT patients, contending that methadone raises both clinical and administrative problems in treatment. Although advocates within the field believe that this issue is a violation of the American’s with Disabilities Act (ADA) in the United States, no lawsuits have been brought forth, and there ... International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2331056 Sun, 05 Apr 2009 13:59:36 +0100 2331056 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2275601&cid=s_33387_2_f&fid=33387&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fv7t120227141254q%2F Abstract  To date, South African research has not examined mental health service provision in substance abuse treatment facilities, even though these services improve client retention and treatment outcomes. To describe the extent to which substance abuse treatment facilities in Gauteng and KwaZulu-Natal provinces provide clients with mental health services during the course of treatment and to compare mental health service provision in these settings by type of facility and staff composition. Cross-sectional audits of substance abuse treatment facilities were conducted in Gauteng and KwaZulu-Natal provinces. Data were collected using the Treatment Services Audit Questionnaire. A response rate of 84% was obtained. Few treatment facilities provide clients with access to ment... International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2275601 Wed, 18 Mar 2009 07:08:03 +0100 2275601 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2239200&cid=s_33387_2_f&fid=33387&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fc73j248724445x22%2F This study examines print, radio, television and point of sale casino ads that aired in Canada. Using quantitative and qualitative methods we analyze a convenience sample of 367 ads that aired or were printed in 2005 and 2006. Our findings indicate that these ads target audiences along age, gender and ethnic lines and mobilize excitement and sex as persuasive techniques to promote the view that casino gambling is the “new fun-tier” of the entertainment industry where visiting a casino is as normal as going to a movie and where winning, glitz and gracious living prevail over losing, work and everyday life. We conclude that casino advertising evinces troubling similarities with some of the factors that research has shown contributes to at-risk gambling: the association between spa... International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2239200 Tue, 03 Mar 2009 13:20:42 +0100 2239200 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2221609&cid=s_33387_2_f&fid=33387&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F881357422np12870%2F This study comprised 422 online poker players (362 males and 60 females) and investigated some of the predicting factors of online poker success and problem gambling using an online questionnaire. Results showed that length of time as a player was positively correlated with the number of days playing per year, length of poker sessions, and financial success. However, length of time playing did not correlate with either score on DSM-IV problem gambling criteria or perceived skill. Using a stepwise multiple regression, predictors of winning play and financial success among the online players were examined. Those players who were more likely to have financial success were: (1) disciplined and avoided spending over their monthly gambling budget; (2) played at higher stake levels; (3) did... International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2221609 Wed, 25 Feb 2009 10:43:34 +0100 2221609 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2204357&cid=s_33387_2_f&fid=33387&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fyl0646r4n3156673%2F Abstract  Massively multiplayer online role-playing games (MMORPGs) are one of the most interesting innovations in the area of online computer gaming. This pilot study set out to examine the psychological and social effects of online gaming using an online questionnaire with particular reference to excessive and ‘dependent’ online gaming. A self-selecting sample of 119 online gamers ranging from 18 to 69 years (mean = 28.5 years) completed the questionnaire. The results showed that 41% of gamers played online to escape and 7% of gamers were classified as ‘dependent’ individuals who were at risk of developing a psychological and behavioural dependence for online gaming using an adapted ‘addiction’ scale. Further analysis showed that excessive online ... International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2204357 Fri, 20 Feb 2009 07:03:56 +0100 2204357 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2199545&cid=s_33387_2_f&fid=33387&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Ft0311g024408g68t%2F Abstract  The purpose of this study was to evaluate knowledge of students enrolled in an Introductory Psychology class about schizophrenia. Students filled out a questionnaire containing twelve questions on a variety of issues connected to this disorder. The questions were tested in a pilot study using students in a fourth year Psychology course focused on Schizophrenia. Participants were asked to specify their age, less than 20 (62%) and 20+ (37%). The mean number of questions answered correctly was low, only 6.5 out of 12. The students’ gender made a difference to the number of correct answers they gave, with males ( ×   = 6.89) doing better than females ( ×   = 6.13), while year of study did not. Of four different subcategories of questi... International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2199545 Wed, 18 Feb 2009 09:12:55 +0100 2199545 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2186958&cid=s_33387_2_f&fid=33387&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fv3627848g1mqmm10%2F Abstract  Video game playing has received increased academic interest over the last few decades, particularly with regard to the psychological understanding of addiction. Based on the many studies carried out by the authors, this paper summarises some of the methodological challenges which may arise when studying video game players, including obstacles associated with various aspects of the research population, the knowledge and attributes of the researcher, as well as external factors often out of the researcher’s control. This paper is based on the experience of conducting empirical studies of varying methodologies, including group interview, experiment and survey methods. Practical advice is also suggested, to assist researchers in building effective relationships betw... International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2186958 Fri, 13 Feb 2009 07:53:56 +0100 2186958 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2186959&cid=s_33387_2_f&fid=33387&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fc3720k483h0690m5%2F Abstract  The impact of Maori identification on alcohol behaviour and mental health and has been neglected in the psychological literature. This paper consists of a review of literature on the history of alcohol use in New Zealand and its impact on indigenous Maori, on their cultural identity and on their mental health. Previous research has been primarily concerned with the benefits of strengthening Maori cultural identification when treating alcohol abuse. Prevalence rates of alcohol consumption, behaviour and attitudes amongst Maori have also been well established. However, none of these studies have addressed the relationship of Maori identification to alcohol behaviour. Research on the relationship between Maori identification and mental health is also scarce. Because ... International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2186959 Fri, 13 Feb 2009 07:53:55 +0100 2186959 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2186960&cid=s_33387_2_f&fid=33387&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fuqhrk4522074280q%2F Abstract  Mindfulness is a concept that has taken quite a hold on the therapeutic world in recent years. Techniques that induce “mindfulness” are increasingly being employed in Western psychology and psychotherapy to help alleviate a variety of conditions. So while mindfulness has its conceptual roots in Buddhism it has been translated into a Western non-religious context. Mindfulness skills are now included as a technique for coping with urges to engage in substance use and relapse in addiction. The research at this date has not revealed the ultimate effectiveness of mindfulness for substance abuse and addiction. It might be that mindfulness is a helpful, but not a sufficient factor as a means to address substance abuse. The relationship between spirituality and mindfu... International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2186960 Fri, 13 Feb 2009 07:53:54 +0100 2186960 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2186961&cid=s_33387_2_f&fid=33387&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fj1h07458n3663wm9%2F This study addresses the impact of prohibition of note acceptors on gambling behaviour and gambling problems among Norwegian adolescents. Data comprised school surveys at three time points; 2004 and 2005 (before intervention) and 2006 (after intervention). Net samples comprised 20.000 students aged 13–19 years at each data collection. Identical measures of gambling behaviour (gambling frequency and expenditures on slot machines) and indicators of problem gambling (SOGS-RA and Lie/Bet) were assessed at all three time points. No significant changes in gambling behaviour and problem gambling were observed in the period prior to the intervention, whereas slot machine gambling frequency was reduced by 20%, the proportion that gambled frequently on slot machines was reduced by 26%; ... International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2186961 Fri, 13 Feb 2009 07:53:52 +0100 2186961 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2159949&cid=s_33387_2_f&fid=33387&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F3367839w83203q81%2F Abstract  In recent years clinicians report a great deal of concern about definition, diagnostic assessment, and treatment modalities when dealing with what might be called out-of-control sexual behavior. Many terms have been used to describe the phenomenon of problematic sexual behavior. Many of these concepts overlap, some are no longer popular, and some are used interchangeably. Without clear criteria and definitions, the diagnosis is difficult, if not impossible, to assign. This paper compares problematic sexual behavior with the common heuristic explanations from the current literature, which identify the problem as a compulsive, impulsive, or addictive disorder. Accordingly, this paper will look at the current treatment models employed despite these controversies. ... International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2159949 Tue, 03 Feb 2009 06:51:57 +0100 2159949 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2152545&cid=s_33387_2_f&fid=33387&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fj03225j4r747w6x3%2F Abstract  Multiple means exist by which gamblers including problem gamblers may be recruited from the general population for research survey purposes. However, there appears to be limited discussion in the published literature about the relative merits of one or other approach. This paper addresses this gap, in part, by reporting the experiences of employing two contrasting approaches to survey recruitment: passive advertisement versus active solicitation outside gambling venues. Fifty participants were recruited by advertisement and 54 by active solicitation. The former group was found to be less ethnically diverse and more likely to be problem gamblers than the latter group which, due to the nature of the recruitment process, showed a more even distribution of ethnicity a... International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2152545 Sat, 31 Jan 2009 07:35:11 +0100 2152545 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2140874&cid=s_33387_2_f&fid=33387&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fk2ru45880um2437t%2F Content Type Journal ArticleDOI 10.1007/s11469-009-9192-6Authors Masood Zangeneh, International Journal of Mental Health & Addiction (IJMA) Richmond Hill Canada Journal International Journal of Mental Health and AddictionOnline ISSN 1557-1882Print ISSN 1557-1874 (Source: International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction) International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2140874 Tue, 27 Jan 2009 08:02:55 +0100 2140874 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2140875&cid=s_33387_2_f&fid=33387&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F303t737452346778%2F This article presents a brief overview of related literature, describes a transpersonal theory of healing following youth suicide, and provides practice implications. Individual healing is conceptually described as a transpersonal journey characterized by the inter-relationships among three healing patterns: Self-reflection (thinking), Self-care (acting), and Self-transcendence (being). During our interactions with survivors, as professionals, we need to be mindful that we do not inadvertently and prematurely abort the self-transcendent healing pattern. One way of facilitating healing is to be fully present with survivors in each and every moment. Content Type Journal ArticleDOI 10.1007/s11469-009-9193-5Authors Ruth Grant Kalischuk, University of Lethbridge Faculty of Health Scie... International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2140875 Tue, 27 Jan 2009 08:02:54 +0100 2140875 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2128360&cid=s_33387_2_f&fid=33387&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fp1rl746383060455%2F Abstract  Adolescent methamphetamine use is a prominent concern for Canadian media and government. Few empirical studies, however, have established the scope of adolescent methamphetamine use or associated outpatient substance abuse treatment utilization. The current study aimed to answer the following questions: (1) What was the overall proportion of primary methamphetamine-related cases seen at youth outpatient substance abuse treatment centres in British Columbia in 2005–2006?; (2) What kind of treatment programming did these treatment centres offer primary methamphetamine users?; and (3) How prepared were these treatment programs to provide services to primary methamphetamine users? We developed a comprehensive list of all sites offering outpatient substance-abuse tre... International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2128360 Thu, 22 Jan 2009 00:11:33 +0100 2128360 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2072951&cid=s_33387_2_f&fid=33387&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fk6q73h0225t75113%2F This study was designed to identify predictors of the choice to abort or deliver a child within 18 months of a previous birth and to compare mothers who chose to abort or deliver relative to substance use and adverse partner behavior. Using a systems perspective, data from the Fragile Families and Well-Being Study were examined. The sample included participants from 16 cities, and within the selected cities, hospitals with high rates of unmarried births were chosen for inclusion in the survey. The data analysis process entailed two steps: 1) predictors of the choice to abort were identified statistically; 2) mothers who chose to abort and deliver were compared relative to heavy drinking, cigarette smoking, and adverse partner behavior after controlling for potentially confoundin... International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2072951 Wed, 31 Dec 2008 09:51:00 +0100 2072951 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2059661&cid=s_33387_2_f&fid=33387&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fm6r565u63423p1qu%2F Abstract  In this paper the authors present and debate the theoretical case for the use of social marketing to help reduce problem gambling in the public health context of the UK. Is triangulated between the key theories and principles of social marketing, the key literature and its theoretical application to the debate about reducing problem gambling in the UK. The distinctions between social marketing and health education are outlined. Exchange theory, relationship marketing, and consumer focus and insight are vital to work with the public health implications of problem gambling. Social marketing may have something to offer problem gamblers, professionals in public health and policymakers. However, the self interest of the problem gambler should strongly guide interventio... International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2059661 Sun, 21 Dec 2008 08:29:43 +0100 2059661 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2059660&cid=s_33387_2_f&fid=33387&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F625654u381q3uw54%2F This study qualitatively explored the impact of gambling advertising on problem gambling by interviewing twenty-five people with current or past gambling problems. Interviews were relatively long and involved the participants’ viewing numerous examples of gambling advertising. A quarter of the participants reported that gambling advertising had no impact on their problems, slightly over half of them reported that advertising had a marginal impact, and one fifth reported a tangible impact. However, none considered advertising to be a main cause of their gambling problems. The negative self-perceived impact was primarily that advertising triggered impulses to gamble. Advertising thus increased already high involvement in gambling and/or made it harder to stick to a decision to gamble... International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2059660 Sun, 21 Dec 2008 08:29:43 +0100 2059660 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2051857&cid=s_33387_2_f&fid=33387&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fd1t8675mkq582836%2F Abstract  To explore the structure of gambling participation and its association with problem gambling, we draw upon Caillois’s distinction between games based on competition (i.e. agôn) and those based on chance (i.e. alea). The idea that alea and agôn are socially patterned and associated with differing levels of problem gambling, as measured by the Canadian Problem Gambling Index (CPGI), was empirically tested using data from the 2005 Northern Territory Gambling Prevalence Survey (Australia). This survey collected information on gambling participation, problem gambling, and a range of socio-demographic variables from a representative sample of the Northern Territory adult population. Principal Components Analysis of participation in eight different gambling activities... International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2051857 Thu, 18 Dec 2008 07:31:01 +0100 2051857 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2045566&cid=s_33387_2_f&fid=33387&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fch515637674252n3%2F Abstract  Neurocognitive disturbances suggesting a frontal lobe dysfunction have been observed in pathological gamblers and alcohol dependents. Given that a high homocysteine level has been suggested to be a mediating factor in alcohol-related cognitive decline, we have determined homocysteine and cobalamine in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) obtained from 11 pathological male gamblers and 11 healthy male controls. Compared with healthy controls, pathological gamblers displayed higher CSF levels of homocysteine while the opposite was the case with CSF cobalamine. Smoking decreased the levels of homocysteine while the concentrations of cobalamine were increased. Homocysteine is a sulphur-containing amino acid exerting cytotoxic effects in living cells. The metabolism of homocystei... International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2045566 Tue, 16 Dec 2008 07:57:36 +0100 2045566 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1959522&cid=s_33387_2_f&fid=33387&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fb220651t4317p261%2F Abstract  Gambling has become increasingly popular among minors and is easily accessible to them. This is alarming since research has indicated that minors are more susceptible to gambling pathology than adults. Additionally, gambling has devastating effects on minors that gamble as well as their families and communities. The Illinois Institute for Addiction Recovery (IIAR) developed a gambling awareness prevention program called “Don’t Gamble Away our Future ™” to educate minors about gambling and the dangers associated with it. The IIAR started collecting data for the purpose of evaluation in 2005. The purpose of the current study was to evaluate the program’s effectiveness at changing knowledge about gambling and to assess the frequencies of problem and patholo... International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1959522 Wed, 12 Nov 2008 22:23:28 +0100 1959522 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1954857&cid=s_33387_2_f&fid=33387&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fn9u552151l53u58m%2F The objective of this study is to identify the differences between substance abusers with and without gambling problems. A cross sectional study was conducted interviewing with Addition Severity Index (ASI) and South Oaks Gambling Screen (SOGS), alcohol and drug abusers (N = 147) who sought treatment in specialized treatment facilities. SOGS was used to access and classify individuals into two groups: social gamblers (n = 96) and probable pathological gamblers (n = 32). Scores on ASI provided data about severity on seven areas. Several differences were found between the two groups. Cocaine was the major reason for treatment among drug abusers with gambling problems. This group had more severity problems in the areas of drug use, psychiatric, legal and family-social. Furthe... International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1954857 Tue, 11 Nov 2008 07:59:54 +0100 1954857 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1954856&cid=s_33387_2_f&fid=33387&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F7g83g16430416808%2F This article aims to examine specific substance use profiles among former Soviet Union (FSU) immigrant and native-born women in Israeli therapeutic treatment facilities. Individuals were sampled at drug treatment facilities and assessed using the Addiction Severity Index. ASI scores suggest differences between the two groups. Among the findings are native born females have been using heroin and amphetamines longer than FSU immigrants; however, immigrant women have more years of alcohol use. FSU women are more inclined to be injection drug users, prefer shorter forms of treatment, and to use alcohol when receiving treatment for heroin addiction. FSU women have higher levels of chronic medical problems, HCV, and HIV/AIDS. The study results tend to support the position that treatment of... International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1954856 Tue, 11 Nov 2008 07:59:54 +0100 1954856 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1900540&cid=s_33387_2_f&fid=33387&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fdk8m303812227718%2F Content Type Journal ArticleDOI 10.1007/s11469-008-9181-1Authors Masood Zangeneh, International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction (IJMA), Editorial Office 54 Royal Chapin Crescent Richmond Hill ON Canada L4S 2A7 Journal International Journal of Mental Health and AddictionOnline ISSN 1557-1882Print ISSN 1557-1874 (Source: International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction) International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1900540 Tue, 21 Oct 2008 05:55:38 +0100 1900540 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1885806&cid=s_33387_2_f&fid=33387&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F93xh85801375l41t%2F This study investigates connections between opportunity structure, gambling during the workday, and gambling problems among employees in the transport sector. Data has been collected from three different transport organizations in Norway: bus, truck, and taxi drivers (N = 1033). 6.8% of the sample gambled during working hours and 3.2% of the employees could be characterized as having a gambling problem. We found a positive relationship between opportunities to gamble during working hours and problem gambling, with the odds for problem gambling increasing fourteen-fold if employees gambled during working hours. Gambling during the workday is a major risk factor for gambling problems in this sample. Content Type Journal ArticleDOI 10.1007/s11469-008-9179-8Authors Tevje Revheim,... International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1885806 Thu, 16 Oct 2008 09:58:04 +0100 1885806 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1867992&cid=s_33387_2_f&fid=33387&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fm2k4k77806j67451%2F This article examines portrayals of female gamblers in recent Hong Kong movies. The authors report that the depiction of female gamblers is very different from that of male gamblers in the movies made in the same period. Whereas the male gamblers are pitching a lonely and desperate battle against an evil opponent, the female gamblers portrayed in the movies are housewives or small-time players who gamble only for their personal gain. A generally negative overtone in portrayals of female gamblers was interpreted as a reflection of the traditional view that discourages women from gambling. The shift of gambling themes in the Hong Kong movies has been identified to reflect the most salient concerns among Hong Kong residents. Such changes are attributed to particular social and cultural ... International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1867992 Wed, 08 Oct 2008 09:51:56 +0100 1867992 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1805831&cid=s_33387_2_f&fid=33387&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fb2717810q4063747%2F This study analyzes narratives of cyber-porn users and defines major patterns of distress as self-reported by contributors to a self-help group in the Internet. It applies narrative analysis methodology to 2000 messages sent by 302 members of an Italian self-help Internet community for cyber-porn dependents (noallapornodipendenza). This paper focuses directly on the narratives of cyber-porn dependents, as they define themselves to analyze the major patterns of distress and characterize the extent and manifestations of their self-defined dysfunction. According to these testimonials in the collected messages, we should suggest that cyber-porn dependence is for many a real mental disorder that can have destructive implications for personal well-being, social adaptation, work, sex life an... International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1805831 Tue, 16 Sep 2008 09:25:32 +0100 1805831 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1782096&cid=s_33387_2_f&fid=33387&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F4888225708301830%2F This study aimed to identify socio-cultural factors facilitating initiation of opium use among drug users in Darab, Iran. A qualitative study using in-depth interviews was conducted. The study began in June 2006 and included 76 drug users, aged 20–43, of whom 95% (72) were male, and 5% (4) were female. The five most common factors facilitating initiation of drug use were revealed to be: lack of hobbies, treatment of general medical problems, modeling, peer networks, and cultural norms. Partner pressure was a common complaint among women in this study. Cultural factors perceived to facilitate initiation of drug use revealed in this study have not been fully addressed by current prevention and rehabilitation programs. Programs can be targeted at social and family levels to alter drug... International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1782096 Tue, 09 Sep 2008 10:48:34 +0100 1782096 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1782097&cid=s_33387_2_f&fid=33387&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fu44275240mg631n4%2F Abstract  Recruiting participants for a research project can be challenging. Incentives, particularly monetary incentives, have been shown to increase response rates. Offering a monetary incentive for participation in a research study can become very costly for the investigators. For this reason some researchers, including graduate students involved in under-funded projects, have resorted to lottery compensation to attract participants. From an ethical standpoint, all participants in a research study should be treated equally and fairly. Compensation lotteries, however, undermine equal treatment of all participants (notion of justice) because they prevent equal distribution of rewards. In this pilot study, we were interested in exploring and understanding the prevalence and... International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1782097 Tue, 09 Sep 2008 10:48:20 +0100 1782097 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1782098&cid=s_33387_2_f&fid=33387&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fb41740u42457256h%2F This report describes a case of adverse reaction to nicotine gum in a female Malay smoker. Assays taken 2 h after the gum, showed that her plasma cotinine/nicotine ratio was 0.4, indicating poor nicotine metabolic status. She developed nausea, severe vomiting and diarrhoea with raised blood pressure and pulse rate, following the administration of a piece of 2 mg nicotine gum on an empty stomach. This was observed in the course of a study to determine nicotine metabolism. Nicotine gum may be associated with adverse reactions in those with poor nicotine metabolic rate. Further investigation is required into the clinical effects of nicotine gum in those with poor nicotine metabolic status. Content Type Journal ArticleDOI 10.1007/s11469-008-9157-1Authors Md Haris Robson No... International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1782098 Tue, 09 Sep 2008 10:48:19 +0100 1782098 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1782099&cid=s_33387_2_f&fid=33387&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Ft68x802303x14kv4%2F Abstract  Recent evidence indicates that more and more women gamble and develop gambling problems and pathological gambling (PG). Research has further indicated that female and male PGs differ in their clinical characteristics. The aim of this study is to do a critical review of the literature concerning clinical characteristics of female pathological gamblers (PGs) compared to males. We searched Medline/PubMed, Embase, PsycInfo, The Cochrane Library, Sociological Abstracts and Gender Studies databases from 1970 to 2007 for clinical issues related to female PGs. The searches identified 399 abstracts and 28 papers which were included in the review. The studies had a high frequency of methodological shortcomings. They indicated that gender differences exist in demographic cha... International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1782099 Tue, 09 Sep 2008 10:48:18 +0100 1782099 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1782100&cid=s_33387_2_f&fid=33387&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fal20t66m35101693%2F Abstract  Gambling is now big business in Australia and public expenditure on gambling is high. Some individuals gamble to excess with adverse consequences for themselves and their partner. The present study targeted women who had concerns about a current or previous partner’s gambling and employed a qualitative methodology to explore their experiences, understandings and responses. Various recruitment strategies were used to avoid an excessive reliance on a clinical sample and to attract participants in different walks of life. The final sample comprised twenty-three women, eleven of whom continued to maintain a marital or de facto relationship with the gambler. Data were gathered by means of in-depth interviews and subjected to thematic analysis. Findings from the study... International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1782100 Tue, 09 Sep 2008 10:48:17 +0100 1782100 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1782101&cid=s_33387_2_f&fid=33387&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fr76217177l446551%2F Abstract  The purpose of the present study was to examine the hypothesis that religious affiliation, attendance at religious services, and religious importance would be negatively associated with substance use and sexual behavior related to substance use. An additional hypothesis was tested to determine if age-related differences in the magnitude of these associations was present. Data from the National Survey of Family Growth were utilized to examine these hypotheses in 12,571 women and men. Results showed expected associations between religiousness and substance use and sexual behavior. No age differences in the magnitude of these associations were identified. Religiousness may offer protection from health risks, and faith-based public health efforts would do well to cont... International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1782101 Tue, 09 Sep 2008 10:48:16 +0100 1782101 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1782102&cid=s_33387_2_f&fid=33387&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F998631p968851223%2F Abstract  New Mexico experienced a surge in the gaming industry during the mid-1990s with the initiation of a state lottery and other new gaming opportunities, as well as the development of many Indian gaming establishments. This paper explores patterns associated with gambling in two random samples of the adult population (N = 2674) in the entire State of New Mexico in 1996 and 1998. Specifically, the purpose of this paper is to describe the relationship between gambling and such variables as age, gender, and ethnicity. Overall, an increase occurred in the number of people who reported having ever gambled, from 86.4% in 1996 to 92.5% in 1998. From 1996 to 1998, respondents’ reports of their past month gambling showed that certain forms of gambling (e.g., playing cards... International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1782102 Tue, 09 Sep 2008 10:48:15 +0100 1782102 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1679007&cid=s_33387_2_f&fid=33387&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F38q2738100146441%2F Abstract  The present study examined Internet gambling behavior in a sample of online gamblers. Participants (N = 563; 382 male; ages 18–over 65) were recruited from a banner placed in an online newsletter. Questionnaires were completed online and assessed demographic information, game-play patterns (e.g., frequency, duration, wagering), preferred type of play, and problem gambling (using the DSM-IV). In addition, participation in gambling-type games without money was also examined. Seventy-seven percent of respondents reported playing gambling-type games without money and 42% reported gambling on the Internet. Twenty-three percent of participants were identified as problem gamblers. Problem gamblers were significantly more likely than social gamblers to spend more tim... International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1679007 Sat, 02 Aug 2008 06:56:09 +0100 1679007 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1668077&cid=s_33387_2_f&fid=33387&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fw3149758827v2628%2F Abstract  Factors (demographics, gambling behaviors and comorbid problems) that may be related to the severity of gambling problems were investigated among 440 problem gamblers seeking treatment in an Australian outpatient treatment agency. The participants were divided into sub-threshold pathological gamblers (SPGs; N = 104) and pathological gamblers (PGs; N = 336) using Diagnostic Statistical Manual (DSM) IV diagnosis of pathological gambling. SPGs were more likely to be separated/divorced, while PGs were more likely to be single. PGs tended to be younger than SPGs. Participation in lottery games was the only form of gambling that could distinguish between the two severity groups. No significant differences were found in participation in more than one gambling sess... International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1668077 Tue, 29 Jul 2008 06:54:18 +0100 1668077 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1652017&cid=s_33387_2_f&fid=33387&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F082l4987x8247232%2F Abstract  A screening tool (in Chinese) for maladaptive internet use was developed in two stages. Thirty-five factors were first extracted from data obtained from 378 adolescents with a 179-item questionnaire. Nine higher-order factors were then obtained from 35 factors. A 26-item screen that measures both endogenous and exogenous factors was constructed on the basis of the nine higher-order factors. The screen’s split-half validity and concurrent criterion-related validity were ascertained with a new sample of 3,523 adolescents. The screen may be used to classify adolescent internet-users into four categories. Its endogenous part may be used to identify potential problem internet users. Content Type Journal ArticleDOI 10.1007/s11469-008-9170-4Authors Siu L. Chow, Un... International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1652017 Tue, 22 Jul 2008 15:59:47 +0100 1652017 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1605409&cid=s_33387_2_f&fid=33387&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F411q534wj3001h76%2F Content Type Journal ArticleDOI 10.1007/s11469-008-9168-yAuthors Masood Zangeneh, St. Michael’s Hospital Centre for Research on Inner City Health Toronto ON Canada Journal International Journal of Mental Health and AddictionOnline ISSN 1557-1882Print ISSN 1557-1874 (Source: International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction) International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1605409 Wed, 09 Jul 2008 05:58:00 +0100 1605409 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1550913&cid=s_33387_2_f&fid=33387&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fj7421u9n04738gww%2F In conclusion, the awareness training session on responsible gambling allowed employees to increase their knowledge about gambling and improve their attitudes regarding gamblers. Since some important components that were taught—such as the established procedure to help gamblers—were not well assimilated, awareness training program planners in casinos need to schedule for additional information to be made available (refresher courses, posters, brochures, videos) to keep employees well informed. Content Type Journal ArticleDOI 10.1007/s11469-008-9165-1Authors Isabelle Giroux, Université Laval Quebec CanadaClaude Boutin, Université Laval Quebec CanadaRobert Ladouceur, Université Laval Quebec CanadaStella Lachance, Université Laval Quebec CanadaMagali Dufour, University of She... International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1550913 Thu, 26 Jun 2008 06:02:48 +0100 1550913 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1550914&cid=s_33387_2_f&fid=33387&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fa53g446833383jp4%2F Abstract  Problematic internet use (PIU) during the college life becomes a significant public health concern with a variety of negative outcomes. The aim of the present study was to examine the incidence of generalized PIU (GPIU) and its relationship to stressful life events and coping style among Chinese college students. Six hundred and fifty-four college students recruited from Guangzhou completed the self-reported measures of the Chinese version of GPIU scale, Chinese College student Stress Questionnaire (CCSQ), and Coping Style Questionnaire (CSQ). Analysis of Structural Equation Model was used to explore the interactive effects of stressful life events and coping style on GPIU. Of the sample, 13.6% was classified as generalized problematic internet users. The prevalen... International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1550914 Thu, 26 Jun 2008 06:02:47 +0100 1550914 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1541785&cid=s_33387_2_f&fid=33387&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fdv78krl1m741354h%2F Abstract  Twenty college students from a private Midwestern university were interviewed about their past and present experiences with taking medication for Attention Deficit Disorder. Analysis of respondent interviews suggested the following themes that were discussed and analyzed: recruitment of the young, little personal stigma, societal issues, side effects and abuse. Social and personal factors associated with taking medication for ADD were explored and compared with prior studies on anti-depressant medication. Practice implications were presented. Content Type Journal ArticleDOI 10.1007/s11469-008-9167-zAuthors Jennifer L. Davis-Berman, University of Dayton Dayton OH USAFrances G. Pestello, University of Dayton Dayton OH USA Journal International Journal of M... International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1541785 Tue, 24 Jun 2008 07:47:50 +0100 1541785 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1541784&cid=s_33387_2_f&fid=33387&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F572074n68t704u2w%2F This article examines the statutes and goals of US psychiatric advance directives within the framework of consumer self-determination, a priority in national mental health reform. It seeks to distinguish between state models based on the degree that consumer rights are integrated into advance directive statutes and goals. The data set contains information from legislative statutes and goals from the 24 US states that enacted explicit psychiatric advance directive regulations prior to 2006. Researchers grouped the data into categories based on the similarities in consumer self-determination. The findings include an examination of the spectrum of consumer self-determination in US advance directive statutes along with a comparison of the gaps between intent and policy in state statutes... International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1541784 Tue, 24 Jun 2008 07:47:50 +0100 1541784 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1537736&cid=s_33387_2_f&fid=33387&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F1p5x50r7j44315m0%2F The objectives of this paper are to (1) evaluate the evidence base from the most recent reviews of each model, (2) update the evidence through 2007 and (3) summarize the status of the evidence for the three models. Structured literature review and evidence grading. The evidence base supporting all three models is limited. The majority of the evidence is controlled, but not randomized studies that provide evidence of association. The addiction model satisfies several of the criteria formulated for the evaluation of associational evidence, but no model coherently explains all of the associational evidence. Heterogeneity among pathological gamblers or confounding could be the factors contributing to failures of the current conceptual models. New models such as multi-component or subtype... International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1537736 Sat, 21 Jun 2008 06:59:45 +0100 1537736 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1534973&cid=s_33387_2_f&fid=33387&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Ff26612k931t85854%2F In conclusion, the author suggests considering social ties as a major component in the social intervention process. Content Type Journal ArticleDOI 10.1007/s11469-008-9164-2Authors Amnon Jacob Suissa, University of Quebec in Montreal, UQÀM School of Social Work Montreal QC Canada Journal International Journal of Mental Health and AddictionOnline ISSN 1557-1882Print ISSN 1557-1874 (Source: International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction) International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1534973 Thu, 19 Jun 2008 08:15:42 +0100 1534973 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1518069&cid=s_33387_2_f&fid=33387&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fc43403q443226691%2F Abstract  Included in both the 1996 and 1998 Survey of Gambling Behavior in New Mexico was a scale of individual problem gambling. To assess problems related to gambling behavior, questions were developed using the DSM-IV criteria for pathological gambling. The purpose of this paper is to describe problem gamblers in New Mexico. Descriptive data indicate that 12% (n = 321) of the respondents (N = 2,674) reported problem gambling behavior. Further analysis reveal that 51% of those reporting problem gambling behavior were male, and 48% of respondents were married. Forty-eight percent of problem gambler respondents identified themselves as Hispanic ethnicity and 37% non-Hispanic whites. The mean age of problem gamblers was 37.4 years, and the mean annual income was... International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1518069 Thu, 12 Jun 2008 06:14:24 +0100 1518069 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1477554&cid=s_33387_2_f&fid=33387&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fp501542200l46g2g%2F Abstract  Mentally disordered patients that abuse drugs or alcohol have a larger number of criminal convictions. Early starters who had their first conviction before the age of 18, especially, more often have a diagnosis of substance abuse and are more often intoxicated at the time of the offense compared to late starters. The present study involved four groups of Dutch patients (n = 137): three groups of violent offenders (psychotic and personality disordered patients) and one group of non-delinquent psychotic patients from general psychiatry. All data were retrieved retrospectively. The results showed that early starters were intoxicated more often, started with substance abuse at an earlier age and more often had a diagnosis of substance abuse at the time of the inde... International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1477554 Wed, 28 May 2008 05:57:25 +0100 1477554 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1463366&cid=s_33387_2_f&fid=33387&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F7789072n55701lwx%2F Abstract  The cost of health care services and supports for mental health and addictions is important to know. In order to calculate it, one must know who is receiving what is being provided by whom at what price. Without tracking these types of data, it is difficult to know the cost of the activities being provided. The systematic collection and analysis of such data allows decision makers to become more aware of how money is being spent. Without this information, it is difficult to evaluate different models of care or determine relative responsibilities of different government players. As a case study, we describe the analysis and findings of a project to assess the costs of mental health and addiction services within homeless shelters in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Conte... International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1463366 Wed, 21 May 2008 05:53:23 +0100 1463366 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1445560&cid=s_33387_2_f&fid=33387&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fn34710t43161j370%2F Abstract  This paper presents findings from a survey that sought the post-treatment support preferences of a group of outpatient alcohol and other drug treatment clients. The client group (n = 83) were presented with six possible models of post-treatment support and were asked to express their level of interest in using or receiving each model and, if interested, by what means they could best be provided. The six models included a range of pro-active (service initiated) and passive (client initiated) support services, variously accessible by telephone, mail, text-message, computer or in-person. Participants were also afforded an opportunity to identify alternative approaches. The results suggest pro-active telephone- and mail-based approaches to post-treatment support ar... International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1445560 Wed, 14 May 2008 06:11:08 +0100 1445560 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1431679&cid=s_33387_2_f&fid=33387&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F36463762w787l03r%2F Abstract  In culturally diverse and immigrant receiving societies, immigrant youth can be subject to prejudice and discrimination. Such experiences can impact on immigrant youth’s cultural identity and influence their psychosocial outcomes. This paper presents findings of a study that examined cultural identity and experiences of prejudice and discrimination among Afghan (N = 9) and Iranian (N = 17) immigrant youth in Canada. The study had a prospective, comparative, longitudinal qualitative design. Data was gathered through focus groups, interviews, journals and field logs. Four main themes emerged on participants’ experiences of prejudice and discrimination: (a) societal factors influencing prejudice; (b) personal experiences of discrimination; (c) fear of discl... International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1431679 Thu, 08 May 2008 05:44:26 +0100 1431679 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1417456&cid=s_33387_2_f&fid=33387&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fj15333g8502x0175%2F Abstract  The purpose of this study was to examine the individual characteristics and mental health factors of dysthymic and nondysthymic substance abusers. Out of a total of 1,209 medical records reviewed to select cases of dysthymic and nondysthymic substance abusers attending a community drug treatment program, 183 medical records were selected, 48% of which were dysthymic substance abusers. Bivariate analyses indicated that dysthymic substance abusers were more likely to be male, older individuals, reported high levels of alcohol dependence, lower quality of life, and higher number of previous substance abuse treatment. Results from hierarchical multiple logistic regression analyses indicated that age, gender, and quality of life were significant predictor for having dy... International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1417456 Thu, 01 May 2008 05:58:32 +0100 1417456 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1388549&cid=s_33387_2_f&fid=33387&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fr614l32263772087%2F Abstract  Youth are currently growing up in a culture where gambling is legal, accessible and widely supported. Although minors are largely restricted from regulated gambling, the greater incidence of problem gambling amongst youth than adults suggests that the perception of gambling as a harmless entertainment activity is inaccurate. Gambling is widely portrayed in the media often in an inaccurate or exaggerated way that normalizes gambling and may encourage youth to participate. Wagering on sporting events is becoming intrinsically linked with these competitions and gambling-themed toys and games are widely available and targeted at children and adolescents. Gambling is often presented as providing significant social and economic benefits and the increased availability of... International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1388549 Sat, 19 Apr 2008 14:45:30 +0100 1388549 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1358329&cid=s_33387_2_f&fid=33387&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fe511h721403172ju%2F This study conducted semi-structured interviews with 13 EGM problem gamblers and six gambling counsellors and used grounded theory methods to develop a theoretical model of EGM problem gambling. The final model demonstrates the importance of both situational and structural characteristics in maintaining excessive EGM gambling. Originally a harmless pastime, EGM gambling became a means by which gamblers cognitively and physically avoided problems. EGM venues were highly accessible, had an inviting atmosphere, and were private yet companionable. Games were entertaining and distracting. Maladaptive coping habits, low social support and few alternative social spaces contributed to the reliance on gambling. Content Type Journal ArticleDOI 10.1007/s11469-008-9152-6Authors Anna Christin... International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1358329 Fri, 04 Apr 2008 16:23:59 +0100 1358329 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1351397&cid=s_33387_2_f&fid=33387&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F91gk350v140m1g17%2F Abstract  The 2005 EMCDDA (European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction, Annual report 2005: the state of the drugs problem in Europe, from http://ar2005.emcdda.europa.eu/en/home-en.html?CFID=5556438&CFTOKEN=9393b63b806e64c7-FB015A79-E157-F9DE-99626FADD9F4C983&jsessionid=2e30185a01447c413a1e) annual report remarks the dearth of options for the treatment of the cocaine dependence, in comparison to a progressive and constant increase of the phenomenon. The Programma Conoscenza becomes part in this context providing its contribution to the resolution of the problems caused by the dependency from cocaine, by means of an integrated psycho-educational model. After four years of activity, it has been possible to carry out an appraisal of the outcomes obtained from the pro... International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1351397 Thu, 03 Apr 2008 08:09:57 +0100 1351397 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1331200&cid=s_33387_2_f&fid=33387&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fg534123348134883%2F Abstract  To describe the prevalence of childhood adverse events (CAEs) among methamphetamine-dependent men and women, and assess the relationship of cumulative CAEs to health problems. Data for 236 men and 351 women were analyzed assessing CAEs. Dependent variables included 14 self-reported health problems or psychiatric symptom domains. Mental health was assessed via the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview. Medical conditions were collected using the Health Status Survey. Women reported more cumulative exposure to CAEs than men (28% vs. 13%, p < 0.01). Regressions showed the impact of CAEs on health is strong for both men and women. Yet, women were more likely than men to have 7 out of 14 health problems, independent of their reported abuse (ranging from a... International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1331200 Wed, 26 Mar 2008 15:02:52 +0100 1331200 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1307563&cid=s_33387_2_f&fid=33387&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fw7r658vg11645773%2F Abstract  Early research into the motivations behind problem gambling reflected separate paradigms of thought splitting our understanding of the gambler into divergent categories. However, over the past 25 years, problem gambling is now best understood to arise from biological, environmental, social, and psychological processes, and is now encapsulated under the biopsychosocial model. While, the biopsychosocial model brings a great degree of understanding regarding the etiology and process becoming a problem gambler, it is clear that further research is needed to improve theoretical perspectives that identify causal trajectories that underlie gambling related problems amongst sub-groups of problem gamblers. One line of research that has gone understudied with respect t... International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1307563 Sat, 15 Mar 2008 09:15:57 +0100 1307563 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1281858&cid=s_33387_2_f&fid=33387&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fw586481h55465708%2F Content Type Journal ArticleDOI 10.1007/s11469-008-9147-3Authors Richard T. A. Wood, GamRes Ltd. Gaming Researcher and Consultant Nottingham United Kingdom Journal International Journal of Mental Health and AddictionOnline ISSN 1557-1882Print ISSN 1557-1874 (Source: International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction) International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1281858 Tue, 04 Mar 2008 08:47:59 +0100 1281858 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1257692&cid=s_33387_2_f&fid=33387&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fj547m23n63221267%2F This article explores the relationships between certain cognitive and emotional factors (sensation seeking, impulsivity, self-esteem, anxiety sensitivity and loneliness) and regular consumption of alcohol and other drugs by a university population from Almería (South Spain). During 2005 and 2006 students were given a battery of questionnaires related to these personality variables and the substances they had consumed. After filling out the psychometric tests, the participants gave a urine sample which was then analyzed. The findings stress the role of sensation seeking and loneliness, understood as social maladjustment, in the regular consumption of alcohol and other drugs, in both men and women. Content Type Journal ArticleDOI 10.1007/s11469-007-9144-yAuthors José M. García-M... International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1257692 Sat, 23 Feb 2008 21:20:16 +0100 1257692 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1215091&cid=s_33387_2_f&fid=33387&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fhl281m3217t8twk6%2F This study also aimed to obtain prevalence estimates of adolescent gambling and examine the gambling attitudes of adolescents. It was found that there were significant associations between different levels of gambling involvement and a range of risk factors. However, when all predictor variables were considered simultaneously in the prediction of higher involvement in gambling activities, only male gender, drinking alcohol, using marijuana, and few perceived rewards at school were statistically significant predictors. For males, the most important predictors for greater gambling involvement were other antisocial and risk-taking behaviours. In contrast, dissatisfaction with peers and school connectedness was important in predicting greater gambling involvement for females. The study s... International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1215091 Tue, 05 Feb 2008 15:46:24 +0100 1215091 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1184296&cid=s_33387_2_f&fid=33387&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fm2307261x4k51172%2F Content Type Journal ArticleDOI 10.1007/s11469-008-9148-2 Journal International Journal of Mental Health and AddictionOnline ISSN 1557-1882Print ISSN 1557-1874 (Source: International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction) International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1184296 Thu, 24 Jan 2008 16:59:15 +0100 1184296 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1166244&cid=s_33387_2_f&fid=33387&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F25t3j77060575u09%2F Abstract  Emotional eating occurs frequently in individuals with eating disorders and is an overlooked factor within addictions research. The present study identified the relationship between emotional eating, substance use, and eating disorders, and assessed the usefulness of the Emotional Eating Scale (EES) for individuals with concurrent eating disorders (ED) and substance use disorders (SUD). One hundred and ninety three individuals seeking specialized substance use and eating disorder treatment were administered substance use, mental health, and eating disorders measures. Results suggested that emotional eating predicted the ability to resist using drugs in high risk situations and the tendency to be over-absorbed in face of stressful situations. The EES is useful for ... International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1166244 Sat, 19 Jan 2008 17:22:10 +0100 1166244 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1155559&cid=s_33387_2_f&fid=33387&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fb5217563617q43k1%2F Abstract  A number of different countries and states have or are in the process of developing formal or informal guidelines to govern gambling advertising and marketing of gambling. There is a growing consensus that gambling advertising should not mislead the public, be fair, provide information on the odds of wining and there should be provisions in place to protect vulnerable groups, such as, children. In the development of these guidelines by different countries or states there has been no real consideration of the need to engage with different indigenous and ethnic populations to ensure that they are protected as vulnerable populations. Further there is a need to engage with these populations within countries and across countries to ensure that indigenous and ethnic min... International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1155559 Tue, 15 Jan 2008 16:12:23 +0100 1155559 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1145559&cid=s_33387_2_f&fid=33387&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F4446720g2424744h%2F Abstract  Approaches incorporating 12-Step beliefs and practices have dominated substance abuse treatment despite a lack of empirical support. Recent claims for effectiveness relying on results from a large, multisite research project in the U.S. were re-evaluated based on critical analysis of design, methodology, and construction of outcome measures. Contrary to claims, experimental design did not allow comparison of effectiveness of 12-Step versus cognitive–behavioral interventions but does allow evaluation of outcome measures for a single treatment intervention infused with 12-Step beliefs and teachings. Corrected for design and methodological errors, results support estimated “remission” rates for alcohol abuse of at most 15–20% and for substance abuse of 0–15... International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1145559 Fri, 11 Jan 2008 16:24:17 +0100 1145559 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1145558&cid=s_33387_2_f&fid=33387&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fu03h0kvl05176x26%2F Abstract  The existing literature indicates high comorbidity rates between depressive disorders and substance abuse disorders. Despite these elevated rates, there is limited empirical work devoted to understanding predictors of depressive symptoms among substance abusers. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of spirituality, believing in God’s presence, Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), parental bonding and demographic characteristics on depressive symptoms among inpatient substance abusers. Findings indicated that spirituality, believing in God’s presence, PTSD and income were significant predictors of depressive symptoms among substance abusers. Spirituality, PTSD, and income were inversely related to depressive symptoms, whereas believing in God’s p... International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1145558 Fri, 11 Jan 2008 16:24:17 +0100 1145558 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1139434&cid=s_33387_2_f&fid=33387&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F47756x09225g5081%2F Abstract  Pathological Gambling Disorder (PGD) is internationally prevalent and contributes to significant disruption and impairment in a gambler’s life. For accurate diagnosis and treatment planning, clinicians require standardized criteria as in commonly used DSM and ICD-10 taxonomies, which are conceptually clear, valid, and culturally appropriate. We aimed to describe clinical issues, other than DSM criteria, that may be potentially clinically meaningful to PGD assessment and treatment planning. Participants from St. Louis, Missouri, USA, who self-identified as problem or pathological gamblers or who had a friend or relative with a gambling problem, as well as clinicians with addictions and PGD diagnostic expertise, participated in one of ten focus groups as part of a... International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1139434 Tue, 08 Jan 2008 16:30:25 +0100 1139434 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1139435&cid=s_33387_2_f&fid=33387&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Flm765775k67513m4%2F Abstract  Couple therapy models for pathological gambling are limited. Congruence Couple Therapy is an integrative, humanistic, systems model that addresses intrapsychic, interpersonal, intergenerational, and universal–spiritual disconnections of pathological gamblers and their spouses to shift towards congruence. Specifically, CCT’s theoretical foundations, main constructs, and treatment interventions are illustrated in a progression of six clinical phases. Promise of CCT’s systemic conceptualization and interventions for pathological gambling and future directions in its continuing evolution are discussed. Content Type Journal ArticleDOI 10.1007/s11469-007-9137-xAuthors Bonnie K. Lee, University of Lethbridge School of Health Sciences 4401 University Drive Lethbr... International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1139435 Fri, 04 Jan 2008 19:54:21 +0100 1139435 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1121620&cid=s_33387_2_f&fid=33387&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F904768v5t1426l0g%2F Content Type Journal ArticleCategory ErratumDOI 10.1007/s11469-007-9142-0Authors Brian Rush, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health Health Systems Research and Consulting Unit Toronto Canada Journal International Journal of Mental Health and AddictionOnline ISSN 1557-1882Print ISSN 1557-1874 (Source: International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction) International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1121620 Fri, 28 Dec 2007 16:16:45 +0100 1121620 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1114814&cid=s_33387_2_f&fid=33387&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F86074p3p4j2534x2%2F Content Type Journal ArticleCategory ErratumDOI 10.1007/s11469-007-9129-xAuthors Brian Rush, Health Systems Research and Consulting Unit, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health Toronto Canada Journal International Journal of Mental Health and AddictionOnline ISSN 1557-1882Print ISSN 1557-1874 (Source: International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction) International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1114814 Sat, 22 Dec 2007 17:32:27 +0100 1114814 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1103161&cid=s_33387_2_f&fid=33387&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fg2476w62l4658182%2F Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Book ReviewDOI 10.1007/s11469-007-9141-1Authors Tom Peric, Centre for Addiction & Mental Health 33 Russell Street Toronto ON M5S 2S1 Canada Journal International Journal of Mental Health and AddictionOnline ISSN 1557-1882Print ISSN 1557-1874 (Source: International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction) International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1103161 Sun, 16 Dec 2007 18:51:24 +0100 1103161 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1099887&cid=s_33387_2_f&fid=33387&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Ffx6424545jn7h256%2F Abstract  Since 1983, slot machines in North America have used a computer and virtual reels to determine the odds. Since at least 1988, a technique called clustering has been used to create a high number of near misses, failures that are close to wins. The result is that what the player sees does not represent the underlying probabilities and randomness, and this misrepresented outcome will have some effect on the player’s perceptions of the game, which may lead directly to classical and operant conditioning, the frustration effect, the perception of early wins, illusion of control, biased evaluation of outcomes, entrapment, and irrational thinking. We use transcripts of Nevada hearings to show that the initial proponents understood that virtual reels and near misses may ... International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1099887 Sat, 15 Dec 2007 19:42:33 +0100 1099887 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1057004&cid=s_33387_2_f&fid=33387&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fdqxp679j30352661%2F Content Type Journal ArticleCategory ErratumDOI 10.1007/s11469-007-9136-yAuthors Masood Zangeneh, St. Michael’s Hospital Centre for Research on Inner City Health Toronto CanadaKari Ala-leppilampi, University of Toronto Public Health Sciences Toronto CanadaReza Barmaki, York University Department of Sociology Toronto CanadaTom Peric, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health Toronto Canada Journal International Journal of Mental Health and AddictionOnline ISSN 1557-1882Print ISSN 1557-1874 (Source: International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction) International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1057004 Tue, 27 Nov 2007 15:38:10 +0100 1057004 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=978848&cid=s_33387_2_f&fid=33387&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fkk6k288445l0h5x0%2F Abstract  This paper argues that the recent concerns about video game “addiction” have been based less on scientific facts and more upon media hysteria. By examining the literature, it will be demonstrated that the current criteria used for identifying this concept are both inappropriate and misleading. Furthermore, by presenting four case studies as examples it will be demonstrated how such claims of video game addiction can be inaccurately applied. It is concluded that the most likely reasons that people play video games excessively are due to either ineffective time management skills, or as a symptomatic response to other underlying problems that they are escaping from, rather than any inherent addictive properties of the actual games. Content Type Journal ArticleD... International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=978848 Tue, 23 Oct 2007 14:42:03 +0100 978848 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=964101&cid=s_33387_2_f&fid=33387&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F9102758j4q526634%2F Abstract  It is argued that the analytical comparison of gambling regulatory frameworks across jurisdictions requires the identification of salient dimensions to provide the basis for such. It is further suggested that governmental ‘conflict of interest’ might provide a useful dimension for such comparison, as operationalised by concomitant EGM harm and government dependence criteria. The same ‘conflict of interest’ criteria are then suggested as a guide for gambling regulation within single jurisdictions, this being named the ‘Public Accountability Approach.’ These points are discussed within broader reference to lines and webs of harm production within a public health analysis. Broader reference is also made to the proper role of government within contemporary... International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=964101 Thu, 18 Oct 2007 16:16:13 +0100 964101 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=955812&cid=s_33387_2_f&fid=33387&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F132u4008122x0732%2F Abstract  Spirituality and religiousness have long been associated with physical and mental health. The scientific treatment of religiosity as a multi-dimensional phenomenon is well established, especially in relation to chemical dependence treatment. Indeed, over 100 instruments are available for measuring various dimensions of religiosity. The more recent emergence of spirituality as an accepted construct in research has seen the development of a growing number of instruments to measure aspects of spirituality. The authors selected ten spirituality scales for review and discussion, and provided information relating to the scales’ development, psychometrics, format, scoring, and availability. The scales are then conceptualized in terms of their aggregate and overlapping ... International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=955812 Sat, 13 Oct 2007 17:18:40 +0100 955812 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=955813&cid=s_33387_2_f&fid=33387&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fq6g28t64g7l55g72%2F Abstract  Confusion surrounds the concept and definition of videogame addiction. There is an inherent tendency to categorize certain repetitive appetitive behaviours as addictive on the basis of adverse consequences without taking into account the core requirement of impaired control manifested as the failure to cease or limit behaviour despite the genuine motivation to do so. Value-based criticism of a behaviour or its associated harm is insufficient to pathologize that behaviour as a psychological disorder. Similarly, the simple act of applying one set of diagnostic criteria for one disorder to another is not scientifically or logically acceptable. The study of videogame play may shed light on the concept of non-substance addictions and the role of pre-existing mental hea... International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=955813 Sat, 13 Oct 2007 17:18:39 +0100 955813 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=951846&cid=s_33387_2_f&fid=33387&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fj78611wk057nh236%2F Content Type Journal ArticleDOI 10.1007/s11469-007-9123-3Authors Max W. Abbott, Auckland University of Technology Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences Auckland New Zealand Journal International Journal of Mental Health and AddictionOnline ISSN 1557-1882Print ISSN 1557-1874 (Source: International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction) International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=951846 Fri, 12 Oct 2007 17:59:25 +0100 951846 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=941358&cid=s_33387_2_f&fid=33387&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F93094tl4612163h5%2F Abstract  A large body of literature has shown a high prevalence of personality disorders in substance abusers. We compared a sample of substance abusers treated in a prison setting with substance abusers treated in a non-prison inpatient setting rated with the Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory-III. Baserate scores indicated a prevalence of 95% of personality disorders. A logistic regression analysis correctly identified 95% of the sample, and showed that antisocial personality disorder traits were characteristic of the prison sample, and masochistic personality disorder traits were characteristic of the inpatient sample. The findings indicate that treatment models used in prison settings should be adjusted to meet the needs of antisocial patients. Content Type Journal... International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=941358 Tue, 09 Oct 2007 15:31:10 +0100 941358 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=938488&cid=s_33387_2_f&fid=33387&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F977k205x84512217%2F Abstract  Gambling revenue worldwide is increasing and associated increases in problem gambling heighten the need for effective responsible gambling strategies. This is particularly important for electronic gaming machines (EGMs), which are purported to make the largest contribution to problem gambling. In an attempt to increase the effectiveness of responsible gambling strategies, governments in Australia, New Zealand and Canada have supported the implementation of ‘pop-up’ messages on EGMs to break play and inform gamblers when they have been playing continuously for a set period of time. The purpose of this article is to review the evidence available regarding the efficacy of pop-up messages as a responsible gambling strategy for EGMs. While there is some evidence of... International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=938488 Sat, 06 Oct 2007 17:44:25 +0100 938488 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=938487&cid=s_33387_2_f&fid=33387&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fh2302h124kx3m212%2F Abstract  The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between perception of social support and perceived stress among university students in Jordan. A sample of 241 university students from private and government universities in Jordan answered self-report questionnaires including the perceived social support scale and perceived stress scale. The results showed that university students have moderate perception of social support and stress. Female university students had higher perception of stress and social support than male university students. Perceived stress had a negative correlation with perceived social support from family (−0.29, p < 0.05). The perceived social support from family was a better predictor of perceived life event as stressful sit... International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=938487 Sat, 06 Oct 2007 17:44:25 +0100 938487 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=932483&cid=s_33387_2_f&fid=33387&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F48224wl0670glk1t%2F Abstract  This paper provides a brief overview of the status of screening, assessment, and management of psychiatric problems in substance use disorder (SUD) treatment settings in the USA. The literature shows that current best clinical practices guidelines support integrated treatment of co-occurring disorders (CODs) in SUD treatment programs, but in practice such care occurs at a low–moderate frequency, and is implemented inconsistently and with uneven quality across treatment settings. Several barriers to the consistent implementation of empirically supported COD assessment and treatment are discussed, with the conclusion that progress with such implementation depends heavily on administrative and health care system support and investment. Content Type Journal Articl... International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=932483 Fri, 05 Oct 2007 15:56:00 +0100 932483 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=930444&cid=s_33387_2_f&fid=33387&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fd233402676279427%2F Abstract  Reports on the pre-post controlled experimental evaluation of a problem gambling prevention program aimed at school age youth. The program was very positively received by the students. We found a significant, but small improvement in the students’ understanding of random chance; however, we did not find any evidence for changes in gambling behaviour, coping strategies, or attitudes towards gambling. Content Type Journal ArticleDOI 10.1007/s11469-007-9121-5Authors Nigel Turner, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health 33 Russell Street Toronto Ontario Canada M5S 2S1John Macdonald, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health 33 Russell Street Toronto Ontario Canada M5S 2S1Mark Bartoshuk, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health 33 Russell Street Toronto Ontario Canada M5... International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=930444 Sat, 29 Sep 2007 17:30:19 +0100 930444 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=915268&cid=s_33387_2_f&fid=33387&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fe1853l1pr3676x53%2F Abstract Objectives  To examine how individual characteristics, social isolation, and neighborhood context affect depressive symptoms in a socio-economically diverse population of women with young children. Methods  Interviews were conducted with 261 mothers from 68 neighborhoods in Baltimore between 1998 and 2000. Depressive symptoms were measured using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression scale (CES-D). Neighborhood context was characterized using police and Census data. Multilevel regression was performed. Results  Socially isolated women reported on average 73% (95% CI, 48 and 92%) more depressive symptoms than women who were not socially isolated; however, the association of social isolation and depressive symptoms varied by ... International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=915268 Fri, 28 Sep 2007 15:55:57 +0100 915268 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=915267&cid=s_33387_2_f&fid=33387&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fn1p146504522h6m6%2F Abstract  Armstrong et al. (International Journal of Human Computer Studies, 53:537–550, 2000) explored the relationship between problematic Internet use and self-esteem. They devised a questionnaire called the Internet Related Problem Scale (IRPS) in order to measure the level of problem an individual is having due to their Internet use. This questionnaire study further examined the psychometric properties of the IRPS. Participants were recruited through the Internet, yielding 79 valid responses (14 males and 65 females). Factor analysis of the IRPS revealed six factors—salience, negative effects, mood enhancement, productivity, loss of control, and lack of information. These factors showed good internal consistency and concurrent validity, with salience being the most ... International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=915267 Fri, 28 Sep 2007 15:55:57 +0100 915267 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=911074&cid=s_33387_2_f&fid=33387&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F43085qnm287878j1%2F Content Type Journal ArticleDOI 10.1007/s11469-007-9124-2Authors Nigel E. Turner, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health SPHPR 33 Russell Street Toronto ON M5S 2S1 Canada Journal International Journal of Mental Health and AddictionOnline ISSN 1557-1882Print ISSN 1557-1874 (Source: International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction) International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=911074 Thu, 27 Sep 2007 15:47:42 +0100 911074 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=911072&cid=s_33387_2_f&fid=33387&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fc45u713604424700%2F Abstract  Over the course of the last decade, increasing liberalisation throughout the world has led to a massive growth of the gambling industry, particularly in the area of casino gambling. Casino gambling has frequently been found to be one of the most problematic forms of gambling. Given that there are no identified scales that measure attitudes toward this type of gambling, the aim of this study was to develop a psychometrically valid instrument to measure attitudes (and more specifically personal appeal) towards casinos. A sample of 139 participants (85 male, 54 female ranging in age from 18 to 62 years) completed the Casino Attitudes Scale. Exploratory factor analysis revealed two factors that explained 67% of the variance in the data. These were Recreational Ap... International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=911072 Thu, 27 Sep 2007 15:47:42 +0100 911072