MedWorm.com provides a medical RSS filtering service. Over 6000 RSS medical sources are combined and output via different filters. This feed contains the latest items from the 'Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases' source. Wed, 08 Feb 2012 18:15:44 +0100 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5644635&cid=s_33089_20_f&fid=33089&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22274150%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Bekler C, Kultursay N, Ozacar T, Sayiner A, Yalaz M, Akisu M Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the incidence and morbidities of Chlamydia trachomatis infections in newborn infants. Tissue culture and direct immunofluorescence (DIF) tests were used to detect the presence of nasopharyngeal C. trachomatis infection in 35 preterm and 21 healthy term neonates. All infants were followed up clinically for 3 months, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay analysis for serum antichlamydial IgG and IgM was performed on day 15 and week 6. Tissue culture and/or DIF studies showed that 10 of the preterm infants (28.57%), but none of the term infants, were C. trachomatis-positive. The sensitivities of DIF and tissue culture were 40% and 70%, respectively, demonstrating the di... Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5644635 Sun, 01 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5644635 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5644634&cid=s_33089_20_f&fid=33089&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22274151%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, oxacillin or cefalotin remain the drugs of choice for treating uncomplicated cellulitis in regions where community-acquired methicillin-resistant S. aureus is infrequent (<10%). PMID: 22274151 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases) Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5644634 Sun, 01 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5644634 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5644633&cid=s_33089_20_f&fid=33089&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22274152%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, we sought to describe the community seropositivity of pandemic influenza A (H1N1) in order to estimate immunity shortly after the peak of the first pandemic wave in two provinces in Turkey. This cross-sectional study was conducted in the provinces of Diyarbakir and Ankara, after the first wave of H1N1 incidences in 2009. It was designed to evaluate 276 houses in Diyarbakir and 455 houses in Ankara. Everyone living in these houses was included in the study. An antibody titer of ≥1:40 was considered as a positive result for all age groups. Antibody titers of ≤1:20 were considered as 1 while calculating the log titer and geometric mean. The pandemic H1N1 seropositivity was found to be 24.1% for Ankara and 27.7% for Diyarbakir. In Ankara, seropositivity was statistically ass... Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5644633 Sun, 01 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5644633 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5644632&cid=s_33089_20_f&fid=33089&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22274153%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, these mAbs may be useful for rapid and specific diagnosis of H5N1 influenza. Therapeutically, they may have a role in antibody-based treatment of the disease. PMID: 22274153 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases) Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5644632 Sun, 01 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5644632 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5644631&cid=s_33089_20_f&fid=33089&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22274154%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, opportunistic infections are still the leading causes of BSI among HIV-infected patients in the HAART era. PMID: 22274154 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases) Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5644631 Sun, 01 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5644631 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5644630&cid=s_33089_20_f&fid=33089&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22274155%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Izumikawa K, Yamamoto Y, Yanagihara K, Kiya T, Matsuda J, Morinaga Y, Kurihara S, Nakamura S, Imamura Y, Miyazaki T, Nishino T, Tsukamoto M, Kakeya H, Yasuoka A, Tashiro T, Kamihira S, Kohno S Abstract The utility of active surveillance cultures (ASCs) in respiratory wards, that do not have an associated intensive care unit (ICU), and the usefulness of the BD GeneOhm MRSA™ system for rapid detection of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) have not been previously evaluated in Japan. ASCs using conventional culture methods and the BD GeneOhm MRSA™ assay were conducted in adult inpatients between May 11, 2009 and November 10, 2009 in a respiratory ward, without an associated ICU, in Nagasaki University Hospital. The infection and colonization rates of MRSA ... Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5644630 Sun, 01 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5644630 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5644629&cid=s_33089_20_f&fid=33089&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22274156%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Fukuda S, Onoe S, Nikaido S, Fujii K, Kageyama S, Iwamaru Y, Imamura M, Masujin K, Matsuura Y, Shimizu Y, Kasai K, Yoshioka M, Murayama Y, Mohri S, Yokoyama T, Okada H Abstract The pathologic disease-associated prion protein (PrP(Sc)) has been shown to be expressed in the central nervous system of Holstein cattle inoculated intracerebrally with 3 sources of classical bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) isolates. Several regions of the brain and spinal cord were analyzed for PrP(Sc) expression by immunohistochemical and Western blotting analyses. Animals euthanized at 10 months post-inoculation (mpi) showed PrP(Sc) deposits in the brainstem and thalamus, but no vacuolation; this suggested that the BSE agent might exhibit area-dependent tropism in the brain. At 16 and 18 ... Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5644629 Sun, 01 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5644629 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5644628&cid=s_33089_20_f&fid=33089&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22274157%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Izadi S, Zahraie SM, Sartipi M Abstract In 2009 and 2010, a series of measles outbreaks, involving different age groups, occurred in rural areas of the Chabahar district in southeast Iran. These outbreaks raised questions regarding the effectiveness of immunization programs in these areas. To determine the most important factors leading to these outbreaks, and to determine the effectiveness of the measles vaccination program, the present study analyzed surveillance data and performed a case-control study. The total number of reported cases during the study period was 126. The estimated vaccine effectiveness, based on the adjusted odds ratio of the case-control study, was 74.2% (95% CI, 10.2-92.6). On two occasions, both primary and secondary cases of the outbreaks were vac... Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5644628 Sun, 01 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5644628 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5644627&cid=s_33089_20_f&fid=33089&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22274158%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Phetsuksiri B, Srisungngam S, Rudeeaneksin J, Bunchoo S, Lukebua A, Wongtrungkapun R, Paitoon S, Sakamuri RM, Brennan PJ, Vissa V Abstract Based on the discovery of three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in Mycobacterium leprae, it has been previously reported that there are four major SNP types associated with different geographic regions around the world. Another typing system for global differentiation of M. leprae is the analysis of the variable number of short tandem repeats within the rpoT gene. To expand the analysis of geographic distribution of M. leprae, classified by SNP and rpoT gene polymorphisms, we studied 85 clinical isolates from Thai patients and compared the findings with those reported from Asian isolates. SNP genotyping by PCR amplification and s... Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5644627 Sun, 01 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5644627 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5644626&cid=s_33089_20_f&fid=33089&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22274159%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Kee SY, Park CW, Lee JE, Kwon YJ, Pyo HJ, , Kim WJ, Cheong HJ Abstract Stool specimens and data were obtained from 399 outpatients undergoing hemodialysis (HD) in order to estimate the colonization rate of vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) and to determine risk factors for VRE acquisition. The prevalence of VRE colonization in outpatients ranged from 0%-22.2%. Risk factors associated with VRE colonization were high hierarchy of hospital, short duration of HD, recent hospitalization, prior use of antimicrobial products, high platelet count, and low hemoglobin/albumin/blood urea nitrogen/creatinine levels, showing that VRE colonization was more common in patients with prior infections and poor nutritional status. Although pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) analysis... Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5644626 Sun, 01 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5644626 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5644625&cid=s_33089_20_f&fid=33089&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22274160%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Chang HM, Tsai HC, Lee SS, Wann SR, Chen YS Abstract Noncirrhotic portal hypertension (NCPH) has recently been reported as a liver complication in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients and has been found to be associated with exposure to didanosine. Here, we describe the case of an HIV-infected patient with portal hypertension who initially presented with massive ascites and portal vein thrombosis. The patient's HIV-1 infection was well-controlled with highly active antiretroviral therapy (lamivudine/didanosine plus nevirapine) for 3 years since its diagnosis in 2007. He had no history of alcoholism, drug abuse, or liver diseases. An extensive work-up for other possible causes of liver disease was performed, but the results were inconclusive. In addition to ... Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5644625 Sun, 01 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5644625 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5644624&cid=s_33089_20_f&fid=33089&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22274161%26dopt%3DAbstract This study was performed to compare the mortality associated with carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB) and carbapenem-sensitive A. baumannii (CSAB) infections, to identify potential risk factors for CRAB infections, and to investigate the effects of potential risk factors on mortality in CRAB and CSAB patients. This retrospective case-control study was conducted in a university hospital between January 1, 2005 and December 30, 2006. One hundred and ten patients with CRAB and 55 patients with CSAB infection were identified during the study period. The mortality rate was 61.8% and 52.7% in CRAB and CSAB cases, respectively (P = 0.341). In CRAB cases, the risk factors for mortality were identified as intubation (odds ratio [OR], 3.3; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.0-10.1; P = ... Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5644624 Sun, 01 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5644624 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5644623&cid=s_33089_20_f&fid=33089&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22274162%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Kim H, Nakajima C, Kim YU, Yokoyama K, Suzuki Y Abstract We conducted in vitro DNA supercoiling assays, utilizing recombinant DNA gyrases, to elucidate the influence of the lineage-specific serine or threonine residue at position 95 of GyrA on fluoroquinolone resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis. There was little effect of the GyrA-Ala74Ser amino acid substitution on activity of the GyrA-Ser95 gyrase, while activity of the GyrA-Asp94Gly-Ser95 gyrase was reduced. These findings were in striking contrast to previous reports analyzing GyrA with Thr95 and suggest an important impact of the amino acid in the development of fluoroquinolone resistance. PMID: 22274162 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases) Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5644623 Sun, 01 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5644623 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5644622&cid=s_33089_20_f&fid=33089&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22274163%26dopt%3DAbstract This study assessed the epidemiology of sexually transmitted infections (STIs), HIV, and associated risk factors among female sex workers (FSWs) in Guangxi autonomous region, China. A cross-sectional study of 488 FSWs was conducted using a structured questionnaire to collect sociodemographic and behavioral information. Biological specimens from subjects were sampled to detect various STIs and HIV infection. Among FSWs, the prevalence rates of syphilis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Chlamydia trachomatis, genital herpes, condyloma acuminate, and HIV were 7.2%, 1.8%, 18.2%, 0.4%, 2.3%, and 0.8%, respectively. The prevalence rates of single, double, and triple infections were 22.3%, 3.9%, and 0.20%, respectively. Multivariate analysis indicated that STIs and HIV infection was independently related t... Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5644622 Sun, 01 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5644622 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5644621&cid=s_33089_20_f&fid=33089&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22274164%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, we obtained 119 cDNA sequences of p44/msp2 transcripts from A. phagocytophilum in 6 Haemaphysalis ticks and 3 wild sika deer (Cervus nippon) in Japan. These 119 sequences were classified into 36 different variant sequences based on their similarities. The 36 cDNA sequences were phylogenetically grouped into 2 major clusters--tick- and deer-associated. The tick-associated sequences were further classified into 4 distinct subclusters, suggesting that A. phagocytophilum in ticks seems to selectively express specific p44/msp2 transcripts, such as the transcripts in the 4 subclusters that were closely related to previously identified p44/msp2 genes. The deer-associated sequences were also grouped into 4 subclusters, but these transcripts were probably more diverse than the transc... Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5644621 Sun, 01 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5644621 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5644620&cid=s_33089_20_f&fid=33089&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22274165%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Araoka H, Baba M, Tateda K, Ishii Y, Oguri T, Okuzumi K, Oishi T, Mori S, Mitsuda T, Moriya K, Nakamori Y, Ohmagari N, Yamaguchi K, Yoneyama A, Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro combination effects of aztreonam (AZT) and aminoglycosides against multidrug-resistant (MDR) Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains in Japan. We investigated 47 MDR P. aeruginosa strains collected from 8 facilities. We selected the aminoglycosides amikacin (AMK), gentamicin (GM), and arbekacin (ABK) to examine their effects when combined with AZT using the checkerboard method. Of the 47 MDR P. aeruginosa strains, 41 tested positive for metallo-β-lactamase (MBL). In all combinations, aminoglycosides decreased the minimum inhibitory concentrations of AZT in a dose-dependent manner... Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5644620 Sun, 01 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5644620 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5644619&cid=s_33089_20_f&fid=33089&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22274166%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Yoshikura H PMID: 22274166 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases) Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5644619 Sun, 01 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5644619 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5644618&cid=s_33089_20_f&fid=33089&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22274167%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Mulyatno KC, Susilowati H, Yamanaka A, Soegijanto S, Konishi E PMID: 22274167 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases) Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5644618 Sun, 01 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5644618 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5644617&cid=s_33089_20_f&fid=33089&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22274168%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Miyoshi M, Komagome R, Nagano H, Takahashi K, Koba H, Kaneko Y, Watanabe Y, Suzuki F, Hiroshima T, Aida I, Kitamura S, Saji N, Yamaguchi R, Okano M PMID: 22274168 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases) Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5644617 Sun, 01 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5644617 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5539479&cid=s_33089_20_f&fid=33089&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21788699%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Shojaei H, Heidarieh P, Hashemi A, Feizabadi MM, Daei Naser A Abstract In developing countries where tuberculosis is still a health challenge, the prevalence of nontuberculous mycobacterial diseases is expected to rise as medical conditions that compromise the immune system become more widespread. In the current study, we aimed to determine the presence and diversity of nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) causing infections in Iranian patients. Sixty-seven clinical NTM isolates were identified using conventional and molecular methods, including PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis (PRA) and 16S rRNA sequencing. Out of 67 patients with confirmed mycobacterial infection, 29 had an associated immunosuppressive syndrome, including 9 who were HIV-infected. Forty-... Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5539479 Sun, 25 Dec 2011 15:27:37 +0100 5539479 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5539478&cid=s_33089_20_f&fid=33089&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21788700%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Pabuccuoglu O, Ecemis T, El S, Coskun A, Akcali S, Sanlidag T Abstract The aim of the present study was to compare serological tests (Rose Bengal [RB]; standard agglutination test [SAT]; enzyme immunoassay [EIA] for detection of IgM, IgA, and IgG; and 2-mercaptoethanol [2-ME] test) that are routinely used in patients prediagnosed with different clinical types of brucellosis (acute, subacute, or chronic), and to evaluate the results of the IgG avidity test. Ninety-two patients having titers≥1/160 as measured by SAT were included in the study. The IgG avidity test was performed in 78 patients who had positive EIA-IgG results. RB test results were positive in 88 (95.7%) patients. A statistically significant correlation was found between a positive EIA-IgM result and the dia... Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5539478 Sun, 25 Dec 2011 15:27:37 +0100 5539478 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5539477&cid=s_33089_20_f&fid=33089&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21788701%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Sato T, Nakagomi T, Nakagomi O Abstract In anticipation of the imminent licensure of rotavirus vaccine, we evaluated the cost-effectiveness of rotavirus vaccine in Japan by taking into account the considerable variations in the incidence of rotavirus-associated hospitalizations previously reported in the literature. We assumed that the variation was due to local differences in healthcare utilization practices rather than a true difference in the incidence of severe rotavirus gastroenteritis. Thus, a Markov model was constructed such that the sum of rotavirus-associated hospitalizations and outpatient visits was set a constant value of 129 cases per 1,000 child-years. We calculated the direct medical cost, the indirect cost, and the quality-adjusted life year (QALY) loss in... Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5539477 Sun, 25 Dec 2011 15:27:37 +0100 5539477 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5539476&cid=s_33089_20_f&fid=33089&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21788702%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Konishi E, Konishi M Abstract Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) and the four dengue viruses (DENV1-4) are co-distributed in Southeast and South Asia. Since JEV is antigenically cross-reactive with DENV1-4, the differentiation between these viruses using antibody assays may be difficult. Herein, we describe the development of an epitope-blocking enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using a monoclonal antibody specific for the nonstructural protein 1 (NS1) of JEV (JEV-NS1) to differentiate antibodies against JEV from those against DENV1-4. Hyperimmune mouse sera against JEV-NS1 showed >60% inhibition, whereas those against NS1 of DENV1-4 showed <30% inhibition. The present assay could therefore detect antibodies specific for JEV. For testing of human sera, a tempo... Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5539476 Sun, 25 Dec 2011 15:27:37 +0100 5539476 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5539475&cid=s_33089_20_f&fid=33089&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21788703%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, we investigated the association between the therapeutic effects of this combination and the pharmacological characteristics of fluconazole and itraconazole and the variation in these effects with differences among the strains in terms of the susceptibility and resistance mechanisms. Lactoferrin enhanced the growth-inhibitory activity of fluconazole against two different ergosterol mutants but not againt pump mutants or an azole-susceptible strain; but increased the activity of itraconazole against all the strains tested in this study. Exogenous iron cancelled the synergistic effect, which suggests that the iron-chelating function of lactoferrin may contribute to the synergism. Besides, radiolabeled fluconazole assays revealed that lactoferrin did not affect the intracellular... Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5539475 Sun, 25 Dec 2011 15:27:37 +0100 5539475 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5539474&cid=s_33089_20_f&fid=33089&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21788704%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Choe YJ, Cho H, Song KM, Kim JH, Han OP, Kwon YH, Bae GR, Lee HJ, Lee JK Abstract Surveillance of vaccine safety is one of the public health interventions used to investigate the causal relationship between vaccines and adverse events. Using active surveillance data, we aimed to compile a detailed summary describing the safety of the pandemic influenza A (H1N1) vaccine. Computer-assisted telephone interview was used to investigate adverse events for 9,000 subjects who had received non-adjuvanted vaccines between November 2009 and January 2010, and for 19,000 adults who received adjuvanted vaccines from January through March 2010. The participants were interviewed to obtain information about local and systemic adverse events. Among subjects who received the non-adjuvanted v... Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5539474 Sun, 25 Dec 2011 15:27:37 +0100 5539474 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5539473&cid=s_33089_20_f&fid=33089&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21788705%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, variants with lower biofilm-forming ability may be selected by a sub-MIC of GM. Investigation of the reason why variants with reduced biofilm-forming ability can be selected in the presence of sub-MICs of GM may contribute to strategies against biofilm-related infections. PMID: 21788705 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases) Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5539473 Sun, 25 Dec 2011 15:27:37 +0100 5539473 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5539472&cid=s_33089_20_f&fid=33089&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21788706%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Takimoto N, Takahashi Y, Ishiyama A, Kishimoto K, Iwama R, Nakano M Abstract In 2007-2008, a measles outbreak occurred among children above the age of 10 years in Akita Prefecture, northeastern Japan (population, approximately 1,120,000 at the time). Our group controlled the outbreak by (i) implementing a publically financed urgent vaccination program and (ii) prohibiting non-vaccinated and non-infected students from attending school as per regulations of the school public health law. We encouraged high-risk students to undergo a vaccination program, which resulted in the successful containment of the outbreak without the development of any severe cases. After the outbreak, the Akita Prefectural Government began an annual"Akita measles elimination month" every April, and n... Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5539472 Sun, 25 Dec 2011 15:27:37 +0100 5539472 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5539471&cid=s_33089_20_f&fid=33089&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21788707%26dopt%3DAbstract This study reports the results of biotyping, serotyping and phage typing of V. cholerae O1 and O139 (1998-2007) strains received from different parts of India for the identification of the trends in the occurrence and spread of cholera in the country. However, there has been a notable steep decline in the occurrence of V. cholerae O139 strains over the past few years resulting in no strain of V. cholerae O139 being received from any part of India in 2007 and 2008. Of the total strains received, 79.1% were serotyped as Ogawa and the remaining 20.9% were found to be Inaba, which indicates that Ogawa was the predominant serotype. Almost 100% typeability was observed with the new scheme of V. cholerae O1, with type 27 being the dominant phage type and V. cholerae O139 strains were clustered in... Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5539471 Sun, 25 Dec 2011 15:27:37 +0100 5539471 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5539470&cid=s_33089_20_f&fid=33089&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21788708%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Tatar D, Senol G, Alptekin S, Gunes E Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate lymph node tuberculosis (LNT) cases in two provinces in Turkey with different demographic and socioeconomic characteristics. A total of 109 LNT cases were reviewed retrospectively. The cases were analyzed and compared for symptoms, findings, age, vaccination status, and diagnostic procedures. Socioeconomic conditions were also assessed for the two provinces. A palpable cervical node was considered a significant predictor for all LNT. Mediastinal lymph node involvement was found to be common in cases of pulmonary manifestation of LNT. Female patients were predominantly from the Van Province, while older patients were found to be from Izmir Province. LNT should be suspected in lymphadenitis ... Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5539470 Sun, 25 Dec 2011 15:27:37 +0100 5539470 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5539469&cid=s_33089_20_f&fid=33089&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21788710%26dopt%3DAbstract We report a new case of Cardiobacterium hominis endocarditis identified during an acute coronary syndrome. The positivity of the blood cultures was confirmed rapidly (50 h) as a result of improvements to the automated detection system, whereby it is no longer necessary to incubate the vials for long periods of time when Aggregatibacter-Cardiobacterium-Eikenella-Kingella infections is suspected. The phenotype-based VITEK 2 NH identification system is not able to distinguish between the two species of Cardiobacterium, as it does not contain C. valvarum in its library. The method for 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis is able to separate the two species but is not available in all laboratories. We used MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry, as an alternative, to rapidly distinguish between C. hominis and ... Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5539469 Sun, 25 Dec 2011 15:27:37 +0100 5539469 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5539468&cid=s_33089_20_f&fid=33089&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21788711%26dopt%3DAbstract This report documents a case of splenic rupture in a patient with dengue hemorrhagic fever who developed hypovolemic shock and subsequently died. Although splenic rupture is a known complication of other acute infections, it is a rare complication of dengue; therefore, it may be misdiagnosed. In the case described here, the poor outcome mainly resulted from the sudden onset of complications; the patient died of splenic rupture less than 24 h after admission, and the cause of death was confirmed at necropsy. PMID: 21788711 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases) Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5539468 Sun, 25 Dec 2011 15:27:37 +0100 5539468 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5539467&cid=s_33089_20_f&fid=33089&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21788712%26dopt%3DAbstract This study was conducted to determine the prevalence and geographic distribution of Anaplasma phagocytophilum, the causative agent of human granulocytic anaplasmosis, in wild deer and boars in Japan. We analyzed the blood samples of the study animals using PCR-targeting the 16S rDNA followed by DNA sequencing. Wild deer infected with Anaplasma spp., including Anaplasma bovis and Anaplasma centrale were detected in the region from Hokkaido to Kyushu. The infection rates of A. phagocytophilum, A. bovis, and A. centrale in deer were 15.6, 21.9, and 37.5%, respectively, and the corresponding infection rates in wild boar were 3.6, 17.9, and 3.6%, respectively. However, p44/msp2 genes specific to A. phagocytophilum were not detected among the 16S rDNA-positive samples on PCR analysis. In additio... Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5539467 Sun, 25 Dec 2011 15:27:37 +0100 5539467 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5539466&cid=s_33089_20_f&fid=33089&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21788713%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Kong BH, Hanifah YA, Yusof MY, Thong KL Abstract The resistance phenotypes and genomic diversity of 185 Acinetobacter baumannii isolates obtained from the intensive care unit (ICU) of a local teaching hospital in Kuala Lumpur from 2006 to 2009 were determined using antimicrobial susceptibility testing and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Antibiogram analyses showed that the isolates were fully resistant to β-lactam antimicrobials and had high resistance rates to the other antimicrobial agents tested. However, the isolates were susceptible to polymyxin B. Resistance to cefoperazone/sulbactam was only detected in strains isolated from 2007 to 2009. Some environmental isolates and an isolate from the hands of a healthcare worker (HCW) had identical resistance profile... Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5539466 Sun, 25 Dec 2011 15:27:37 +0100 5539466 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5539465&cid=s_33089_20_f&fid=33089&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21788714%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Oishi T, Wada A, Chang B, Toyabe S, Uchiyama M Abstract In Japan, the 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) was introduced in 2010. To assess the effects of PCV7 on invasive pneumococcal infection in children, a population-based prospective survey has been conducted in 10 prefectures. As a part of the study, blood and nasopharyngeal isolates from children admitted to the Shibata Hospital, Niigata Prefecture, were analyzed for determining the serotypes, their susceptibilities to antimicrobial agents, and multilocus sequence types. Sixteen blood isolates were obtained from October 2007 to December 2009. Sixty-three nasopharyngeal isolates were obtained from the posterior nares of 118 children with pneumonia from April to September 2008. The coverage rates of the blo... Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5539465 Sun, 25 Dec 2011 15:27:37 +0100 5539465 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5539464&cid=s_33089_20_f&fid=33089&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21788715%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, 29 isolates obtained from animals and various regions in Mongolia from 2001 to 2007 were analyzed by performing multiple-locus variable-number tandem-repeat analysis for 8 loci (MLVA-8) to understand the genetic relationship between the Mongolian B. anthracis isolates. We found that all the Mongolian isolates can be classified into A3 cluster along with the Japanese and the Chinese B. anthracis isolates. Our data revealed that MLVA-8 is useful for studying the molecular epidemiology of the Mongolian B. anthracis isolates and would help characterize B. anthracis infections in Mongolia. PMID: 21788715 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases) Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5539464 Sun, 25 Dec 2011 15:27:37 +0100 5539464 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5539463&cid=s_33089_20_f&fid=33089&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21788716%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Yoshikura H PMID: 21788716 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases) Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5539463 Sun, 25 Dec 2011 15:27:37 +0100 5539463 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5539462&cid=s_33089_20_f&fid=33089&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21788717%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Miyajima Y, Matui Y, Adachi R, Yamamoto K, Saito T, Kobayashi G, Saito M, Tanabe J PMID: 21788717 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases) Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5539462 Sun, 25 Dec 2011 15:27:37 +0100 5539462 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5463994&cid=s_33089_20_f&fid=33089&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22116322%26dopt%3DAbstract We examined apoptosis and inflammatory responses in a murine model for pneumococcal pneumonia during IAV infection. Inflammation, respiratory epithelium apoptosis, and inflammatory-cell infiltration increased in a time dependent manner in the lungs of mice co-infected with Streptococcus pneumoniae and IAV, in comparison with those infected with either S. pneumoniae or IAV. According to appearance of terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP-mediated nick-end labeling positive cells, caspases-3 and -8 were activated 24 h after S. pneumoniae infection, and caspase-3 activation decreased after 48 h, whereas inflammatory cytokine levels continued to increase in co-infected mice. In contrast, in mice infected with either IAV or S. pneumoniae, apoptosis and activation of factors related to casp... Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5463994 Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5463994 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5463993&cid=s_33089_20_f&fid=33089&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22116323%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Anzawa K, Mochizuki T, Nishibu A, Ishizaki H, Kamei K, Takahashi Y, Fujihiro M, Shinoda H Abstract Trichophyton tonsurans has been isolated among judo practitioners, wrestlers, and sumo wrestlers during an epidemic of tinea corporis and tinea capitis in Japan. A previous study using restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis of the non-transcribed spacer (NTS) region of the ribosomal RNA gene revealed that different sources for the causative fungus in epidemics among judo practitioners and among wrestlers. Many different fungal strains have since been isolated from practitioners of these sports. The present study evaluated fungal characteristics of strains newly isolated between July 2006 and December 2010 using this molecular method. PCR-RFLP analysis using ... Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5463993 Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5463993 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5463992&cid=s_33089_20_f&fid=33089&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22116324%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Sugiura N, Uda A, Inoue S, Kojima D, Hamamoto N, Kaku Y, Okutani A, Noguchi A, Park CH, Yamada A Abstract The central nervous system (CNS) tissue of mice infected with the CVS-11 strain of rabies virus (RABV) was subjected to gene expression analysis using microarray and canonical pathway analyses. Genes associated with innate immunity as well as inflammatory responses were significantly up-regulated, corroborating with the previous findings obtained using attenuated viruses that did not induce a fatal outcome in infected mice. Histopathological examination showed that neurons in the cerebellum had undergone apoptosis. Although the extent of Fas ligand up-regulation was not so prominent, perforin and granzyme genes were highly expressed in the CNS of mice infected with CVS... Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5463992 Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5463992 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5463991&cid=s_33089_20_f&fid=33089&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22116325%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Inaida S, Yasui Y, Tada Y, Taniguchi K, Okabe N Abstract The identification of geographic trends of an influenza pandemic is important for analyzing its social epidemic factors. We performed spatiotemporal analyses focusing on the metropolitan areas in Japan by using the influenza-like illness (ILI) sentinel surveillance data for the pandemic (H1N1) 2009 and seasonal influenza. The epidemic curves and spread features expressed by the kriging method of geographic information system (GIS) and correlations between reported cases and demographic data were analyzed. The incidence of pandemic (H1N1) 2009 increased gradually at the beginning and showed more sporadic epidemic features compared to seasonal influenza. However, there were coincidental locations of patient clusters af... Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5463991 Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5463991 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5463990&cid=s_33089_20_f&fid=33089&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22116326%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Kamiya H, Nakano T, Kamiya H, Yui A, Taniguchi K, Parashar U, Abstract Two effective vaccines for rotavirus infection will be available near future in Japan and data on the burden of rotavirus disease and the circulating rotavirus strains are urgently needed. To obtain these data, we set up active rotavirus hospitalization surveillance in three cities, Tsu, Matsusaka, and Ise in Mie Prefecture, Japan. From November 1, 2007 through October 31, 2009, we enrolled children <5 years of age who were hospitalized with a diagnosis of acute gastroenteritis (AGE) and collected information on age, sex, month of admission, city of residence, and symptoms at the time of hospitalization. Stool samples were also obtained for rotavirus testing and genotype investigation. Rotavirus inf... Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5463990 Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5463990 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5463989&cid=s_33089_20_f&fid=33089&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22116327%26dopt%3DAbstract This study, which assessed whether HRV-C is epidemic among patients with ARTI, was aimed at analyzing the seasonal prevalence of HRV-C in Osaka City, Japan. Gene amplification tests were performed to detect 10 respiratory viruses in 336 specimens collected during November 2008-October 2009. In total, 364 viruses were detected in 271 specimens. The most commonly detected virus was HRV (n = 84). For HRV-positive specimens, we conducted phylogenetic analyses using the VP4/VP2 gene region to identify the HRV species (HRV-C, 30; HRV-A, 54). Both the number and rate of HRV-C detection were highest in December. The highest numbers and the highest rate of HRV-A detection were obtained in April and June and in April, respectively. Statistical analysis showed that the most probable prevalent period ... Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5463989 Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5463989 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5463988&cid=s_33089_20_f&fid=33089&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22116328%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Adhikary AK, Banik U, Okabe N, Fujimoto T Abstract Human adenovirus type 8 (HAdV-8) is a common agent of severe epidemic keratoconjunctivitis (EKC). Twenty-six strains were isolated from sporadic cases of EKC in the southern part of Japan between 1998 and 1999 and were identified as HAdV-8 by the neutralization method using type-specific antiserum against HAdV-8. A comparative analysis of different HAdV-8 genome types was performed using various molecular methods. Restriction enzyme analyses of genomic DNA were performed with BamHI, HindIII, PstI, SacI, SalI, and SmaI and identified 25 isolates as HAdV-8E and 1 isolate as HAdV-8J, a novel genome type. The genetic relatedness between HAdV-8J and the other genome types was calculated by pairwise comigrating restriction fragm... Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5463988 Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5463988 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5463987&cid=s_33089_20_f&fid=33089&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22116329%26dopt%3DAbstract We examined mutant viruses for infectivity independent of the major MHV receptor (MHVR), because these mutants exhibited high virulence similar to cl-2, which is MHVR-independent. To confirm MHVR-independence in vitro, we used a combination of spinoculation and ultraviolet radiation to detect distinct plaque formation (SpinoPlaque(UV+)) afrer infection of BHK cells, which do not express MHVR. Using this technique, we found that the unique neuropathologies caused by infection with the mutant viruses result from infecting neurons, which do not express MHVR. Infection with the mutant viruses was 100% correlated with SpinoPlaque(UV+) formation. This is in contrast to infection with srr7, which does not from SpinoPlaque(UV+). PMID: 22116329 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Japanese Journal of... Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5463987 Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5463987 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5463986&cid=s_33089_20_f&fid=33089&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22116330%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Maity S, Bhunia SC, Biswas S, Saha MK Abstract Syphilis is a sexually transmitted disease (STD) and is a major public health concern in India. The trend of syphilis infection was studied in attendees aged 15-49 years in an STD clinic in West Bengal from 2004 to 2008. Blood samples were collected from 250 consecutive patients per year (a total of 1,250 samples over 5 years); the patients attended the STD clinic for 12 weeks (October-December) each year, and the serostatus of syphilis was determined qualitatively with the Venereal Disease Research Laboratory (VDRL) test using serum samples. A quantitative VDRL test was then performed at a dilution of 1:8 using serum samples that yielded positive results in the qualitative VDRL test. Finally, serum samples that yielded positi... Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5463986 Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5463986 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5463985&cid=s_33089_20_f&fid=33089&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22116331%26dopt%3DAbstract This study aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of linezolid in the treatment of extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (XDR-TB). We used a linezolid-containing regimen in the treatment of 14 XDR-TB patients. Two years of individualized chemotherapy regimens were adopted on the basis of the patients'medication history and the results of drug susceptibility testing. The patients received 600 mg of linezolid twice a day for the first 1-2 months, followed by once a day thereafter. Eleven patients (78.6%) showed significant improvement in clinical symptoms. Chest computed tomography revealed that 10 patients (71.4%) showed cavity closure. Smear conversion and culture conversion were achieved in all 14 patients (100%) with an average of 64 and 63 days, respectively. The exact proportions o... Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5463985 Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5463985 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5463984&cid=s_33089_20_f&fid=33089&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22116332%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Joo YS, Lee JH, Lee KK, Bang HA, Lee WC Abstract This retrospective study of the patterns and efforts of the extensive vaccination programs for canine rabies control (EVPCRC) compared the prevalence rate (PR) of rabies under two different vaccination programs for dogs in Korea between 1962 and 2007. A total of 753 cases of rabid dogs were reported between 1962 and 2007, and there were 350 human cases reported in the same period. There were 518 cases (PR, 4.11) of rabid dogs reported from 1962 to 1979, when the low-egg-passage Flury strain vaccine was used, and a total of 342 human cases were observed over the same period. However, there were 235 rabid dogs (PR, 0.83) identified from 1980 to 2007 when the Evelyn-Rokitnicki-Abelseth strain vaccine was used, and only 8 human ... Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5463984 Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5463984 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5463983&cid=s_33089_20_f&fid=33089&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22116333%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, we investigated the prevalence of B. canis infection in human sera obtained from six regions in Turkey and comparatively evaluated the results obtained by agglutination-based techniques using standardized antigens made from B. canis. The patients (n = 1,746) presented with clinical symptoms that were similar to those of brucellosis. All patients who tested negative in the Rose Bengal test for the smooth Brucella strains (abortus, melitensis, and suis) were screened for evidence of B. canis infection using the rapid slide agglutination test (RSAT), the microagglutination test (MAT), and the 2-mercaptoethanol RSAT test (2ME-RSAT). Of the samples tested, 157 (8.9%), 68 (3.8%), and 66 (3.7%) were positive for B. canis, as determined by RSAT, MAT, and 2ME-RSAT, respectively. The ... Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5463983 Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5463983 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5463982&cid=s_33089_20_f&fid=33089&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22116334%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Chou DW, Wu SL, Lee CT, Tai FT, Yu WL Abstract Ten patients with intensive care unit (ICU)-acquired Chryseobacterium indologenes bacteremia between January 2004 and December 2008 were studied. The primary site of infection was unknown for 80% of the cases. The known primary sites of infection were empyema (10%) and catheter-related bacteremia (10%). Eight patients (80%) had polymicrobial bacteremia, spent more than 21 days in the ICU, and received more than 14 days of broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy prior to the onset of C. indologenes bacteremia. All isolates were 100% susceptible to minocycline and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. Vancomycin, imipenem, piperacillin/tazobactam, ciprofloxacin, and levofloxacin exhibited 0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, and 30%, respectively, susceptibil... Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5463982 Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5463982 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5463981&cid=s_33089_20_f&fid=33089&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22116335%26dopt%3DAbstract We report a case of Q fever-related antiphospholipid syndrome in a patient presenting with acalculous cholecystitis and pneumonia. Serial laboratory tests indicated that the previous serological tests suggesting hepatitis C virus and Mycoplasma pneumoniae infections were false-positives. The patient's fever persisted despite treatment with doxycycline, but disappeared 1 day after initiation of steroid treatment. To avoid incorrect diagnosis and subsequent delays in appropriate treatment of Q fever patients, the possibility that Q fever can masquerade as other infections or as an autoimmune disease should be kept in mind. PMID: 22116335 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases) Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5463981 Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5463981 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5463980&cid=s_33089_20_f&fid=33089&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22116336%26dopt%3DAbstract This report shows that EV71 was spreading in Lu'an City before the 2008 outbreak, and children under 7 years of age were the main susceptible population. PMID: 22116336 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases) Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5463980 Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5463980 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5463979&cid=s_33089_20_f&fid=33089&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22116337%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Sekiguchi J, Kubo H, Kaida A, Takakura K, Goto K, Hase A, Iritani N PMID: 22116337 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases) Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5463979 Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5463979 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5463978&cid=s_33089_20_f&fid=33089&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22116338%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Hiroi S, Koike N, Nishimura T, Takahashi K, Morikawa S, Kase T PMID: 22116338 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases) Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5463978 Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5463978 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5463977&cid=s_33089_20_f&fid=33089&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22116339%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Pham VH, Nguyen HD, Ho PT, Banh DV, Pham HL, Pham PH, Lu L, Abe K PMID: 22116339 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases) Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5463977 Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5463977 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5249816&cid=s_33089_20_f&fid=33089&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21937815%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Takane K, Kanai A Abstract An increasing number of studies have reported that approximately 400 microRNAs (miRNAs), encoded by vertebrate viruses, regulate the expression of both host and viral genes. Many studies have used computational and/or experimental analyses to identify the target genes of miRNAs, thereby enabling us to understand miRNA functions. Here, we suggest that important aspects become apparent when we focus on conserved viral miRNAs, although these miRNA sequences generally show little similarity among viral species. Reliable viral miRNA-target gene pairs can be efficiently identified using evolutionary information. In this review, we summarize information on (i) the nucleotide sequence conservation among viral miRNAs and (ii) the RNAs targeted by viral mi... Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5249816 Thu, 01 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5249816 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5249815&cid=s_33089_20_f&fid=33089&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21937816%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, the CA-125 serum levels in combination with clinical responses, chest radiography, and sputum examinations, can offer better monitoring of therapeutic responses in anti-TB treatment. PMID: 21937816 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases) Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5249815 Thu, 01 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5249815 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5249814&cid=s_33089_20_f&fid=33089&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21937817%26dopt%3DAbstract We report the results of the first large-scale questionnaire surveillance on the clinical use of pit viper antivenom in tertiary care centers in Japan. The questionnaire surveillance was conducted over a period of 3 years (April 2006 to March 2009). Completed questionnaires were received from the tertiary care centers of 108 (49.3%) medical institutions. In that period, 574 cases of pit viper bites, including 2 severe cases, were reported. Antivenom was administered in 44% of the cases of pit viper bites, and of these cases, 2.4% had adverse reactions but no severe symptoms. Approximately half of the clinicians indicated that antivenom was effective. Antivenom was recognized to be safe; however, the remarkable finding was that although the severity of treated cases was unclear, some clinic... Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5249814 Thu, 01 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5249814 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5249813&cid=s_33089_20_f&fid=33089&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21937818%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Prachayangprecha S, Makkoch J, Vuthitanachot C, Vuthitanachot V, Payungporn S, Chieochansin T, Theamboonlers A, Poovorawan Y Abstract Since April 2009, the outbreak of human pandemic influenza A (H1N1) virus (pH1N1) infection has spread from North America to other parts of the world, and currently, pH1N1 is the predominant circulating strain of influenza viruses. Our objectives were to perform a serological survey of medical personnel at the Chumphae Hospital in Thailand and to investigate the prevalence of pH1N1 in randomly selected patients diagnosed with respiratory tract disease. Prevalence of pH1N1 in the patients was determined by performing real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. The study was carried out between July 2009 and November 2010. Serop... Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5249813 Thu, 01 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5249813 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5249812&cid=s_33089_20_f&fid=33089&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21937819%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, we investigated Turkish physicians' knowledge and clinical awareness of rabies caused by animal bites. This was a cross-sectional, analytical study. We used questionnaires that collected demographic information and assessed the physicians' basic knowledge of rabies as well as the management of animal bites suspected of causing rabies. The questionnaires were completed in person with physicians who work in Istanbul. A total of 890 physicians responded to our cross-sectional questionnaires. The maximum possible scores for basic and clinical rabies- related knowledge was 100 points each. The average score for basic rabies knowledge was 64.5 ± 16, while the average score for clinical rabies knowledge was 62.8 ± 12. However, 68% of the physicians in the study were not aware of ... Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5249812 Thu, 01 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5249812 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5249811&cid=s_33089_20_f&fid=33089&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21937820%26dopt%3DAbstract This study was aimed at determining the molecular epidemiology of rabies virus (RABV) circulating in Vietnam. Intra vitam samples (saliva and cerebrospinal fluid) were collected from 31 patients who were believed to have rabies and were admitted to hospitals in northern provinces of Vietnam. Brain samples were collected from 176 sick or furious rabid dogs from all over the country. The human and canine samples were subjected to reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analysis. The findings showed that 23 patients tested positive for RABV. Interestingly, 5 rabies patients did not have any history of dog or cat bites, but they had an experience of butchering dogs or cats, or consuming their meat. RABV was also detected in 2 of the 100 sick dogs from slaughterhouses. Molecular epidemi... Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5249811 Thu, 01 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5249811 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5249810&cid=s_33089_20_f&fid=33089&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21937821%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Morokuma K, Kobori N, Fukuda T, Uchida T, Sakai A, Toriba M, Ohkuma K, Nakai K, Kurata T, Takahashi M Abstract Yamakagashi, Rhabdophis tigrinus, is a natricine snake widely distributed in eastern Asia. Severe bite cases, some with fatal outcomes, occur regularly in Japan. Because previous production of R. tigrinus antivenom in rabbits and goats was quite effective, we considered the experimental manufacture of a new antivenom against R. tigrinus in horses. This new antivenom could be used in emergency treatment of snakebite victims. Two horses were immunized with venom extracted from about 500 snakes. After an adequate increase of the antivenom titer, serum was collected and subjected to standard purification procedures for the manufacture of equine antivenoms. The purifie... Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5249810 Thu, 01 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5249810 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5249809&cid=s_33089_20_f&fid=33089&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21937822%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Fujisawa K, Nakajima R, Jinnai M, Hirata H, Zamoto-Niikura A, Kawabuchi-Kurata T, Arai S, Ishihara C Abstract Babesia microti, the primary causal agent of human babesiosis in North America, was thought to distribute in Europe in association with ixodid ticks and rodents. Recent analyses of β-tubulin and the eta subunit of the chaperonin-containing t-complex protein 1 (CCT7) genes revealed discrete clusters (a species-complex comprised of at least 4 taxa for the U.S., Kobe, Munich, and Hobetsu). To further assess the micro-evolutionary history and genetic variability within the taxon, we combined a set of 6 introns from the CCT7 gene to use as a rapidly evolving DNA marker. Phylogenetic and comparative sequence analyses subdivided the U.S. taxon into 3 geographic subclades... Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5249809 Thu, 01 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5249809 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5249808&cid=s_33089_20_f&fid=33089&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21937823%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Zhang YX, Xiong Y, Gui XE, Chen SH, Rong YP, Cai HB Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence and risk factors of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive women in China. To this end, we enrolled 200 HIV-positive and 182 HIV-negative women in this cross-sectional cohort study. The following sampling methods were used: (i) structured interview, (ii) CD4 cell counts, and (iii) cervical specimens. HPV genotype (total 23 types) was analyzed using polymerase chain reaction assay. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify independent causative factors for HPV infection. The prevalence of HPV infection was 3-fold higher in the HIV-positive women than in the HIV-negative women. The overall prevalences of HPV... Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5249808 Thu, 01 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5249808 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5249807&cid=s_33089_20_f&fid=33089&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21937824%26dopt%3DAbstract This study aimed to investigate the epidemiology of norovirus (NoV) associated-diarrhea among pediatric outpatients in Shanghai, and characterize the genotypes of circulating NoV strain. Stool samples were collected from 910 children with non-dysenteric diarrhea between August 2008 and July 2009. One-step real-time RT-PCR was used to screen for NoV genogroup I (GI) and genogroup II (GII). Genotypes were classified by sequence analysis of partial capsid and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) fragments. NoV was detected year round with high activity in July, August, September, and October. Of 910 specimens, 165 (18.13%) were positive for NoV; 4 (2.42%) were GI, and 161 (97.58%) were GII. Based on capsid sequences, 8 different genotypes were identified for 114 NoV strains, including GII.4 20... Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5249807 Thu, 01 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5249807 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5249806&cid=s_33089_20_f&fid=33089&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21937825%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Zhang Z, Hu S, Liu J, Xu J, He L, Jiang Y, Wang Y, Shang H Abstract Twenty-three Chinese men with primary HIV infection (PHI) who have sex with men, and 17 asymptomatic HIV-infected patients participated in this study. The effect of different initial activation parameters on viral set points and the immunologic progression of subjects with PHI were determined. We found that the proportions of CD38+DR+ and CD38-DR+ T cells were lower while those of CD38+DR- and CD38-DR- T cells were higher in patients with PHI than in the asymptomatic HIV-infected patients. The initial proportion of CD4+CD38+DR+ T cells emerged as a statistically significant predictor (P < 0.05) of viral set points by multivariate least squares regression. In addition, individuals with a higher initial p... Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5249806 Thu, 01 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5249806 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5249805&cid=s_33089_20_f&fid=33089&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21937826%26dopt%3DAbstract We report a non-healing surgical wound infection caused by a scotochromogenic nontuberculous mycobacterium, possibly Mycobacterium flavescens, which was earlier thought to be saprophytic. This organism was isolated from the wound discharge at the site of incision following a laparoscopic cholecystectomy; the finding suggests that M. flavescens is a clinically important pathogen in cases of surgical wound infections. PMID: 21937826 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases) Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5249805 Thu, 01 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5249805 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5249804&cid=s_33089_20_f&fid=33089&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21937827%26dopt%3DAbstract We report the case of a 62-year-old man who developed eosinophilic pneumonia due to visceral larva migrans (VLM) that was possibly caused by Ascaris suum. The patient, a resident of the middle Kyushu area who was found of eating raw porcine liver, complained of dry cough without dyspnea. The chest radiography showed a migration of infiltrative shadow. Transbronchial lung biopsy of the right middle lobe revealed massive infiltration of eosinophils. The multi-dot enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and microtiter plate ELISA showed positive results for A. suum; therefore, the patient was diagnosed with VLM caused by A. suum. The patient was administered albendazole (600 mg/day) for 28 days; he recovered successfully with no adverse effects except mild liver dysfunction. Several cases o... Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5249804 Thu, 01 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5249804 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5249803&cid=s_33089_20_f&fid=33089&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21937828%26dopt%3DAbstract This study revealed that RSV LRTI in infancy does not predispose children to subsequent development of asthma at the age of 7 years and 7 months. We believe that this is the first Japanese survey that has examined the relationship between RSV LRTI in infancy and the subsequent development of asthma. PMID: 21937828 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases) Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5249803 Thu, 01 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5249803 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5249802&cid=s_33089_20_f&fid=33089&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21937829%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, prevalence of MRSA in children in our study population could be decreased by eliminating unnecessary antimicrobial drug prescriptions. PMID: 21937829 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases) Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5249802 Thu, 01 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5249802 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5249801&cid=s_33089_20_f&fid=33089&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21937830%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Kubar A, Haciomeroglu M, Ozkul A, Bagriacik U, Akinci E, Sener K, Bodur H Abstract Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV), a member of the genus Nairovirus of the family Bunyaviridae, causes a severe disease in humans with high mortality rates. In Turkey, the number of patients with CCHF has increased since 2002. Here, we aimed to treat CCHF patients with CCHFV hyperimmunoglobulin. We prepared a CCHFV hyperimmunoglobulin product from 22 individuals who survived CCHF infection. A total of 26 CCHF patients were enrolled into this study. For CCHFV hyperimmunoglobulin administration, a Kubar Unit (KU) was defined. As a standard therapeutic approach, 400 KU of hyperimmunoglobulin were given to each patient as a single dose before viral load was detected. We used one-step... Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5249801 Thu, 01 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5249801 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5249800&cid=s_33089_20_f&fid=33089&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21937831%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Pandey BD, Pandey K, Upadhaya B, Doctor M, Pun SB PMID: 21937831 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases) Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5249800 Thu, 01 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5249800 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5249799&cid=s_33089_20_f&fid=33089&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21937832%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Nagano H, Jinushi M, Komagome R, Miyoshi M, Kikuchi M, Muratsubaki E, Ito H, Inoue M, Okano M PMID: 21937832 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases) Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5249799 Thu, 01 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5249799 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5249798&cid=s_33089_20_f&fid=33089&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21937833%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Obuchi M, Yokoyama M, Horimoto E, Obara M, Iwai M, Sato H, Sata T, Takizawa T PMID: 21937833 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases) Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5249798 Thu, 01 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5249798 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5116975&cid=s_33089_20_f&fid=33089&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21519130%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Kuzdan C, Soysal A, Altinkanat G, Aksu B, Söyletir G, Bakir M Although necrotizing fasciitis (NF) is a rapidly progressive infection, recurrent NF is very rare. Herein we report a rare case of recurrent NF due to Streptococcus pyogenes. A 12-year-old female with hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy (HSAN) type IV presented with fever and swelling on her left knee. NF was diagnosed and she was treated successfully. Two years later she was readmitted with NF of the right knee and limb. Despite treatment, progressive tissue necrosis developed and proximal femur amputation was performed. Eight months following the second attack she was readmitted with NF of her left knee and her entire leg. Despite a wide surgical debridement and antibiotic treatment, the clinical status o... Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5116975 Thu, 11 Aug 2011 17:00:03 +0100 5116975 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5070596&cid=s_33089_20_f&fid=33089&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21788718%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Akiyoshi K, Suga T, Fukui K, Taniguchi K, Okabe N, Fujimoto T PMID: 21788718 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases) Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5070596 Thu, 30 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5070596 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5070583&cid=s_33089_20_f&fid=33089&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21788719%26dopt%3DAbstract Apropos "evaluation of nonstructural 1 protein rapid test for dengue virus at the narita airport quarantine station, Japan". Jpn J Infect Dis. 2011 Jul;64(4):355 Authors: Arya SC, Agarwal N PMID: 21788719 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases) Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5070583 Thu, 30 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5070583 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4972930&cid=s_33089_20_f&fid=33089&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21617299%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Igari H, Watanabe A, Chiba H, Shoji K, Segawa S, Nakamura Y, Watanabe M, Suzuki K, Sato T Pandemic influenza A (H1N1) virus (AH1pdm) emerged in April 2009. An inactivated, split-virus, unadjuvanted AH1pdm vaccine was manufactured in Japan, and vaccination was initiated with top priority for healthcare workers (HCWs) on October 19, 2009. A retrospective cohort study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of a single-dose vaccine for HCWs in a hospital in Japan. A total of 1,567 (84.5%) of 1,854 HCWs were vaccinated. Thirty-seven were infected with AH1pdm before the vaccine became available, and were excluded. The other 250 were not vaccinated for personal reasons. We analyzed the influenza infection rate with or without vaccination and related adverse events. Among the 1,8... Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4972930 Sat, 30 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4972930 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4972929&cid=s_33089_20_f&fid=33089&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21617300%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, the overall burden of adverse events related to influenza A (H1N1) vaccination was not inconsequential, but most symptoms were mild. Female gender, middle-age range of 20-49 years, obesity, regular alcohol consumption, and comorbidity were risk factors for the occurrence of adverse events after H1N1 vaccination. PMID: 21617300 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases) Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4972929 Sat, 30 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4972929 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4972928&cid=s_33089_20_f&fid=33089&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21617301%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Zhan Y, Yang Z, Li L, Ye D, Wu H, Fu R, Zhao S, Wang Y, Zhou R, Chen R Because healthcare workers played an important role in the battle against novel pandemic (H1N1) 2009 influenza, a clinical study was conducted to examine the immunogenicity and safety of a single dose of a China-made monovalent, split-virus, pandemic (H1N1) 2009 influenza vaccine in this special high-risk population. Healthcare workers in the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical College who received the pandemic (H1N1) 2009 influenza vaccine were prospectively enrolled. Antibody titers were measured at enrollment and 14 days later using hemagglutination-inhibition (HI) and microneutralization assays. Adverse events were recorded within 7 days and 6 months after vaccination. Double sera were provid... Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4972928 Sat, 30 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4972928 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4972927&cid=s_33089_20_f&fid=33089&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21617302%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Kawano H, Haruyama T, Hayashi Y, Sinoda Y, Sonoda M, Kobayashi N Isolation and determination of the nucleotide sequence of hemagglutinin (HA) of the pandemic (H1N1) 2009 influenza viruses found in Nagasaki, Japan, were conducted. The alignment results of the predicted HA amino acid sequences of these strains compared to the known global isolates revealed 5 specific amino acid differences located within the antigenic sites. The phylogenetic analyses revealed that the majority of the Nagasaki isolates could be classified into 6 phylogenetic clusters. Almost all isolates collected in the early season were classified into cluster I, which apparently originated from A/Nagasaki/HA-6/2009 isolated from a patient who returned from the Philippines. This cluster ceased to spread after N... Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4972927 Sat, 30 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4972927 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4972926&cid=s_33089_20_f&fid=33089&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21617303%26dopt%3DAbstract We report on two children with mild encephalopathy with a reversible splenial lesion associated with group A rotavirus (GARV) infection. We examined stool, serum, and cerebrospinal fluid samples to determine the presence of the GARV VP7 gene and GARV antigen by reverse-transcription PCR and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, respectively. GARV antigen was detected in stool samples from both patients. The GARV G genotype was G9 in one child and G3 in the other. GARV antigens were also found in both serum samples. However, the GARV VP7 gene was detected in only one serum sample, which was collected on the first day of symptomatic illness. Neither GARV antigen nor the VP7 gene was detected in cerebrospinal fluid samples. Both patients had excellent outcomes. Our results suggest that the rever... Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4972926 Sat, 30 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4972926 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4972925&cid=s_33089_20_f&fid=33089&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21617304%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Ma YJ, Bo F, Sun ZD, Huang H, Gao SR, An ZJ Serological samples of healthy people were collected to obtain the levels of measles antibodies in different groups of people in Heilongjiang Province, China. Using quantitative enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays to measure the antibody levels, we found the lowest antibody positive rate and the lowest geometric mean concentration values in healthy people aged 15-39. This group is the population at high risk for adult measles in Heilongjiang Province, and is the focus of measles elimination work. The new challenges for the eventual elimination of measles will be to address immunization strategies in this segment of the population in order to control the incidence. PMID: 21617304 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Japanese Journal of I... Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4972925 Sat, 30 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4972925 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4972924&cid=s_33089_20_f&fid=33089&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21617305%26dopt%3DAbstract This study was aimed at evaluating the feasibility of a real-time PCR assay without nucleic acid extraction for the rapid quantification of JCV DNA in CSF. CSF samples were heat-treated or treated with DNAzol Direct, a commercially available reagent for direct PCR, and the performances of the real-time PCR assays using templates obtained by either treatment were compared with that using DNA extracts. JCV DNA was detected in the heat- or DNAzol Direct-treated samples containing only a few copies of the viral genome per reaction, and a linear relationship was noted between the copy number detected and the amount of input virus ascertained by the DNA extraction method. The sensitivities of the assays using the heat and DNAzol Direct treatments were 85.7 and 90.5%, respectively, with the resul... Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4972924 Sat, 30 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4972924 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4972923&cid=s_33089_20_f&fid=33089&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21617306%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Kasai S, Ng LC, Lam-Phua SG, Tang CS, Itokawa K, Komagata O, Kobayashi M, Tomita T The Asian tiger mosquito, Aedes albopictus (Skuse), is the major vector of Chikungunya fever and the secondary vector of dengue fever. We collected Ae. albopictus from Singapore and performed genotyping assay to detect mutations of the voltage-gated sodium channel, which is the target site of pyrethroid insecticides. We detected an amino acid substitution, F1534C, which is suspected to confer knockdown resistance (kdr) to pyrethroid insecticides. Of the collected mosquitoes, 53.8% were homozygous for this mutation, and the allele frequency of this mutation was estimated to be 73.1%. No kdr mutation was detected in the 5 other loci of domains II and IV. This is the first evidence for the presence... Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4972923 Sat, 30 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4972923 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4972922&cid=s_33089_20_f&fid=33089&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21617307%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Lin MF, Chang KC, Lan CY, Chou J, Kuo JW, Chang CK, Liou ML We investigated the molecular epidemiology, antibiotic susceptibility, and antimicrobial resistant gene determinants of 23 multidrug-resistant (MDR) Acinetobacter baumannii samples that were collected from 5 proximal hospitals in Taiwan during April and May 2009. Major antibiotic resistance varied from 82.6 to 100%. Fivw pulsotypes were observed to spread clonally among the 5 hospitals. PCR screening revealed high distributions of intI1 (91%), bla(OXA-23) (57%), bla(ampC) (100%), adeB (100%), adeJ (100%), and abeM (100%) genes, which were prevalent in the MDR A. baumannii isolates. Resistance gene expression was examined by reverse transcription-PCR, and showed that increased ampC expression was associated with ceftaz... Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4972922 Sat, 30 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4972922 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4972921&cid=s_33089_20_f&fid=33089&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21617308%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Chua KH, See KH, Thong KL, Puthucheary SD Restriction enzymes SpeI and XbaI were used in a pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) study for molecular characterization of 146 clinical Burkholderia pseudomallei isolates. The PFGE parameters were optimized to enable comparable, reproducible, and robust results. The optimized parameters for both SpeI and XbaI restriction enzymes used in this study were 200 V and a pulse time of 5 to 65 s for a 28-h runtime. Using SpeI, 9 different clusters were identified, whereas 6 clusters were identified by XbaI digestion, which exhibited 85% similarity to SpeI. SpeI (discrimination index [D]=0.854) showed higher discriminatory power than XbaI did (D=0.464). PMID: 21617308 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Japanese Journal of Infectious Disea... Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4972921 Sat, 30 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4972921 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4972920&cid=s_33089_20_f&fid=33089&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21617309%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Shojaei H, Hashemi A, Heidarieh P, Feizabadi MM, Ataei B, Daei-Naser A We herein present the third set of documented clinical Mycobacterium setense cases. Three clinically unrelated isolates were identified and characterized using various key conventional and molecular diagnostic tests. Phenotypic and molecular data analysis, particularly 16S rDNA, hsp65, and rpoB sequencing, provided evidence of M. setense involvement in clinical infections in Iranian patients. Our findings may shed light on the capability of this rare Mycobacterium sp. to cause infection in both healthy and immunocompromised patients. PMID: 21617309 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases) Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4972920 Sat, 30 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4972920 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4972919&cid=s_33089_20_f&fid=33089&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21617310%26dopt%3DAbstract The objective of this study was to characterize the off-seasonal influenza virus A subtype H3N2, which caused an outbreak in an elderly hospital in Niigata, Japan. Virus isolates were subtyped by the hemagglutination-inhibition test and screened for antiviral drug sensitivity by real-time PCR using cycling probe technology the and 50% inhibitory concentration (IC(50)) method. Whole genome sequencing was performed in order to determine the phylogeny of the outbreak virus. Seven virus isolates were analyzed in this study, and the results showed that all belonged to the influenza virus A (H3N2). These viruses exhibited the S31N mutation in M2, which confers resistance to amantadine. The results of the IC(50) analysis showed that these viruses were sensitive to both oseltamivir and zanamivir. ... Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4972919 Sat, 30 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4972919 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4972918&cid=s_33089_20_f&fid=33089&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21617311%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, we genotyped three single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the RANTES gene: -403G/A, -28C/G, and In1.1T/C in 59 infants with severe RSV bronchiolitis and 201 control subjects. The frequencies of the -403G/A+A/A, -28C/G+G/G, and In1.1T/C+C/C genotypes were significantly lower in patients with severe RSV bronchiolitis than in control subjects, and the frequencies of the -403A, -28G, and In1.1C alleles were significantly lower in RSV patients than in control subjects. The present results suggest that RANTES polymorphisms may confer risk for severe RSV bronchiolitis. PMID: 21617311 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases) Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4972918 Sat, 30 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4972918 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4972917&cid=s_33089_20_f&fid=33089&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21617312%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Aye KS, Matsuoka M, Kai M, Kyaw K, Win AA, Shwe MM, Thein M, Htoo MM, Htoon MT The suitability of the FTA® elute card for the collection of slit skin smear (SSS) samples for PCR detection of Mycobacterium leprae was evaluated. A total of 192 SSS leprosy samples, of bacillary index (BI) 1 to 5, were collected from patients attending two skin clinics in Myanmar and preserved using both FTA® elute cards and 70% ethanol tubes. To compare the efficacy of PCR detection of DNA from each BI class, PCR was performed to amplify an M. leprae-specific repetitive element. Of the 192 samples, 116 FTA® elute card and 112 70% ethanol samples were PCR positive for M. leprae DNA. When correlated with BI, area under the curve (AUC) values of the respective receiver-operating characteristic cu... Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4972917 Sat, 30 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4972917 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4972916&cid=s_33089_20_f&fid=33089&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21617313%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, 121 Escherichia coli samples isolated from clinical specimens obtained from Pakistan Institute of Medical Science, Islamabad, Pakistan, were analyzed for extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) and AmpC β-lactamases using disk-diffusion assay and polymerase chain reaction. Of the isolates, 78 and 43 were identified as ESBL and AmpC producers, respectively. The highest resistance (89%) was observed against cefotaxime, followed by ciprofloxacin (87.6%) and cefepime (87%). Genetic analysis showed the presence of different class A and class C β-lactamase genes, either alone (44.7%) or in combination (53.6%). CTX-M (57.7%) was the most prevalent among class A, followed by TEM (20.3%) and SHV (15.4%). CIT (including LAT-1 to LAT-4, CMY-2 to CMY-7, and BIL-1) and MOX (including M... Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4972916 Sat, 30 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4972916 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4972915&cid=s_33089_20_f&fid=33089&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21617314%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Kozhamkulov U, Akhmetova A, Rakhimova S, Belova E, Alenova A, Bismilda V, Chingissova L, Ismailov S, Ramanculov E, Momynaliev K Kazakhstan is one of the 14 countries with a high rate of morbidity due to multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR TB) in WHO European region. The aim of our study was to characterize mutations associated with drug resistance to rifampicin and isoniazid in Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from Kazakhstan. M. tuberculosis strains were isolated from TB patients in different regions of Kazakhstan. A drug susceptibility test was performed on Lowenstein-Jensen medium using the absolute concentration method. Sequencing analysis was performed of the rpoB rifampicin resistance-determining region and the katG gene, the oxyR-ahpC intergenic region, and the inh... Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4972915 Sat, 30 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4972915 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4972914&cid=s_33089_20_f&fid=33089&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21617315%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Kashiwazaki H, Taguchi F, Ikehara Y, Watanabe R The highly neuropathogenic cl-2 and less virulent srr7 viruses isolated from the neurotropic JHM strain of the mouse hepatitis virus exhibit super acute spread of virus (SAS), a term applied when rapid viral spread from an organ or part of the initially infected site to another non-adjacent organ or part is detected within 12 h after infection. Herein, we used a cytospin procedure to confirm SAS in splenic cells derived from mice whose brains were infected with these viruses. The cytospin procedure enabled effective preservation of the cells on glass slides. With this method, we could characterize extremely low populations of infected cells in the spleen (less than 0.1%) at 12 h post-inoculation with srr7. We observed that all ki... Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4972914 Sat, 30 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4972914 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4972913&cid=s_33089_20_f&fid=33089&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21617316%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Yoshida T, Miyasaka T, Azegami Y, Uchiyama Y, Kasahara H, Ueda H, Nagase H, Fujita S, Ishii K, Noda M PMID: 21617316 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases) Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4972913 Sat, 30 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4972913 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4972912&cid=s_33089_20_f&fid=33089&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21617317%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Tanaka T, Yokoi H, Kobayashi K, Iwanade H, Noguchi Y, Mitsui Y, Okamoto A, Saitoh M, Noda M, Takeda M, Okabe N, Kimura H PMID: 21617317 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases) Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4972912 Sat, 30 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4972912 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4771408&cid=s_33089_20_f&fid=33089&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21519121%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Shirato H Norovirus (NoV), a member of the family Caliciviridae, is a major cause of acute water- and food-borne nonbacterial gastroenteritis and forms antigenically diverse groups of viruses. Human NoVs are divided into at least three genogroups, genogroups I (GI), GII, and GIV, which contain at least 15, 18, and 1 genotypes, respectively. Except for a few genotypes, all NoVs bind to histo-blood group antigens (HBGAs), namely ABH antigens and Lewis antigens, in which carbohydrate core structures, (types 1 and 2) constitute antigenically distinct phenotypes. Volunteer challenge studies have indicated that carbohydrate binding is essential for genogroup I genotype 1 (GI/1) infection. Non-secretors who do not express FUT2 fucosyltransferase, and consequently do not express H typ... Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4771408 Tue, 01 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4771408 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4771407&cid=s_33089_20_f&fid=33089&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21519122%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Furuya D, Kuribayashi K, Hosono Y, Tsuji N, Furuya M, Miyazaki K, Watanabe N Norovirus is one of the leading causes of acute gastroenteritis worldwide. Although it is becoming clear that viral excretion in the stool continues even after the clinical symptoms have disappeared, the factors that determine its duration remain unknown. Between 2007 and 2009, all inpatients and medical staff at our hospital who showed symptoms of a new onset of gastroenteritis were asked to submit a sample for norovirus testing by real-time RT-PCR. One of the 273 patients included tested positive for GI norovirus, and a further 89 were positive for GII norovirus. Of these 90 norovirus-positive individuals, 76% excreted norovirus RNA in the stool for more than 7 days. The inpatient group contained mo... Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4771407 Tue, 01 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4771407 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4771406&cid=s_33089_20_f&fid=33089&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21519123%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, we aimed to identify common epitope regions for all serotypes by preparation of mouse monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) against NS1. A total of 10 out of the 20 hybridoma clones which were specific to DENV produced MAbs that recognized NS1. These MAbs mapped to three regions of DENV-2 NS1, namely amino acids 1‒40 (epitope region 1), 141‒168 (epitope region 2), and 267‒312 (epitope region 3). Epitope region 2 was recognized by both complex-specific (2H11 and 3C4) and subcomplex-specific MAbs (4E5 and 5G12), whereas epitope regions 1 and 3 were recognized by subcomplex-specific MAbs (5E2, 1A5, and 3F10) only. These epitope regions were found to be highly conserved among all four serotypes of DENV by sequence analysis and database comparison. The MAbs against these epitope reg... Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4771406 Tue, 01 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4771406 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4771405&cid=s_33089_20_f&fid=33089&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21519124%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Takazono T, Izumikawa K, Nagayoshi Y, Tanaka A, Mihara T, Kosai K, Saijo T, Imamura Y, Miyazaki T, Seki M, Kakeya H, Yamamoto Y, Yanagihara K, Kamihira S, Kohno S The Cica Fungi Test Candida is a novel immunoassay test that is used in Japan to detect Candida mannan antigens. A total of 130 samples from 89 cases in which the β-D-glucan assay (MK method) was positive were collected between July 2007 and August 2008 at Nagasaki University Hospital, and the Cica Fungi Test Candida and Cand-Tec were performed. Diagnosis of candidemia was based on a positive culture for Candida spp. from blood or other sterile clinical specimens. A total of 19 samples from 16 cases with candidemia, and 111 samples from 73 cases without microbiological evidence of candidemia, were obtained. The sens... Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4771405 Tue, 01 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4771405 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4771404&cid=s_33089_20_f&fid=33089&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21519125%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Shiota T, Kurane I, Morikawa S, Saijo M Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) infections in a child with congenital immunodeficiency syndrome were observed over a 10-year period. The child suffered from recurrent and severe HSV-1 mucocutaneous infections. He frequently suffered from acyclovir (ACV)-resistant (ACV(r)) HSV-1 infection in the later phase of his life, especially after the episode of ACV(r) HSV-1 infection. Virological analyses on the HSV-1 isolates recovered from this patient revealed that all the ACV(r) HSV-1 isolates were thymidine kinase (TK)-negative (TK(-)) due to a single cytosine (C) deletion within the 4-C residues (positions 1061 to 1064) in the TK gene, indicating that the recurrent TK(-)/ACV(r) HSV-1 infections throughout the patient's life were due to th... Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4771404 Tue, 01 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4771404 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4771403&cid=s_33089_20_f&fid=33089&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21519126%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Belal US, Norose K, Mohamed RM, Naoi K, Yano A The possibility of Toxoplasma gondii infection resulting from transplantation of a skin graft and various organs has been investigated. The parasite was detected in very low numbers in all organs examined in wild-type (WT) BALB/c (B/c) mice that received skin grafts from infected interferon gamma knockout (GKO) B/c mice both with and without sulfamethoxazole treatment; all recipient mice survived. In contrast, transplantation of skin grafts from untreated infected WT B/c mice to naïve GKO B/c mice led to the death of all recipients within 20 days post-transplantation; T. gondii was found to be disseminated in all organs examined. Similar results were obtained after transplantation of skin from untreated and treated GKO B/c mice t... Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4771403 Tue, 01 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4771403 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4771402&cid=s_33089_20_f&fid=33089&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21519127%26dopt%3DAbstract The objective of this study was therefore to determine the effect of anti-tuberculosis chemotherapy on IFN-γ response to ESAT-6 and CFP-10. QuantiFERON®-TB Gold (QFT-G) was performed, and the IFN-γ response to ESAT-6 and CFP-10 were measured, for 50 people with culture-confirmed tuberculosis prior to initiating treatment and periodically for up to 120 weeks following initiation of said treatment. IFN-γ responses and bacteriological response were compared. The average IFN-γ response to ESAT-6 and CFP-10 and the proportion of QFT-G results that were positive decreased during chemotherapy and for several weeks thereafter, reaching lows at weeks 48 to 56. Furthermore, these measures were lower at 48 weeks for those with bacteriological reversion prior to the second monthly visit than for ... Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4771402 Tue, 01 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4771402 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4771401&cid=s_33089_20_f&fid=33089&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21519128%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, all patients with either ankle TB or pyogenic septic ankle arthritis who were admitted to a medical center in southern Taiwan between May 1986 and October 2006 were reviewed retrospectively to identify risk factors for ankle TB. Compared with the 42 patients with culture-confirmed pyogenic septic ankle arthritis, the 26 patients with ankle TB (12 definitive, 5 probable, and 9 possible) were significantly more likely to have evidence of TB on chest radiographs (50 versus 10%; P<0.01), a history of trauma (58 versus 17%; P<0.01), presentation with sinus discharge (50 versus 12%; P<0.01), duration of symptoms of more than 3 months (69 versus 12%; P<0.01), a leukocyte count of <10,000/μL (58 versus 29%; P=0.03), and C-reactive protein of <5 mg/dL (42 versus 17... Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4771401 Tue, 01 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4771401 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4771400&cid=s_33089_20_f&fid=33089&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21519129%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Li JH, Cai YM, Yin YP, Hong FC, Shi MQ, Feng TJ, Peng RR, Wang BX, Chen XS To investigate the prevalence and genotype distribution of Chlamydia trachomatis infection among men who have sex with men (MSM), 145 MSM from two sauna settings in Shenzhen, China were invited to participate in this study during September 2008 and May 2009. Anorectal swab and urine samples were collected and tested for chlamydial infection, and positive samples were genotyped. The prevalence of anorectal chlamydial infection was 24% in the study population and was significantly associated with proctitis symptoms. Up to 50% of the anorectal infections were asymptomatic. The most prevalent genotypes were G (39%) and D (37%), followed by J (11%). Genotypes related to lymphogranuloma venereum were not foun... Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4771400 Tue, 01 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4771400 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4771399&cid=s_33089_20_f&fid=33089&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21519130%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Kuzdan C, Soysal A, Altinkanat G, Aksu B, Soyletir G, Bakir M Although necrotizing fasciitis (NF) is a rapidly progressive infection, recurrent NF is very rare. Herein we report a rare case of recurrent NF due to Streptococcus pyogenes. A 12-year-old female with hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy (HSAN) type IV presented with fever and swelling on her left knee. NF was diagnosed and she was treated successfully. Two years later she was readmitted with NF of the right knee and limb. Despite treatment, progressive tissue necrosis developed and proximal femur amputation was performed. Eight months following the second attack she was readmitted with NF of her left knee and her entire leg. Despite a wide surgical debridement and antibiotic treatment, the clinical status of... Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4771399 Tue, 01 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4771399 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4771398&cid=s_33089_20_f&fid=33089&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21519131%26dopt%3DAbstract We report a rare autopsy case of disseminated strongyloidiasis combined with cytomegalovirus co-infection involving a 68-year-old man, who was originally from Okinawa Prefecture in southern Japan, where strongyloidiasis occurs sporadically among the elderly. This patient was admitted with a diagnosis of drug eruption and hypereosinophilic syndrome. He was administered steroid therapy, but suffered complications of fever, respiratory distress, and pulmonary hemorrhaging. The autopsy findings showed disseminated strongyloidiasis in the alveolar spaces and the intestine and cytomegalovirus inclusion body foci in the lungs. PMID: 21519131 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases) Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4771398 Tue, 01 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4771398 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4771397&cid=s_33089_20_f&fid=33089&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21519132%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Hiroi M, Harada T, Kawamori F, Takahashi N, Kanda T, Sugiyama K, Masuda T, Yoshikawa Y, Ohashi N We surveyed β-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli from farm animals (chickens, pigs, and cattle) and raw retail meat in Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan. In total 305 E. coli isolates, 15 isolates collected from broilers, beef cattle, chicken meat, and pork meat, were found to have β-lactamase genes encoding CTX-M-2, CTX-M-14, CMY-2, SHV-2, and/or TEM-1, whereas 7 possessed mutations in the ampC promoter region. The findings suggest that broilers are more important than other farm animals with regards to the surveillance of β-lactamase-producing E. coli in this region. PMID: 21519132 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases) Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4771397 Tue, 01 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4771397 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4771396&cid=s_33089_20_f&fid=33089&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21519133%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Nakao R, Takigawa S, Sugano N, Koshi R, Ito K, Watanabe H, Senpuku H Topical tetracyclines, such as minocycline ointment, are frequently used for the treatment of periodontal infection. We investigated the influence of minocycline ointment use on oral bacteria, using supragingival plaque samples from adults who had not taken any antibiotics for 6 months. Initially we investigated the effect of topical minocycline administration on the emergence of tetracycline-resistant oral bacteria in four healthy adults. The isolation frequency of tetracycline-resistant oral bacteria to total viable bacteria increased substantially on day 6 after treatment, although it returned to baseline on day 25. Subsequently we investigated the isolation frequency of tetracycline-resistant oral strepto... Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4771396 Tue, 01 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4771396 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4771395&cid=s_33089_20_f&fid=33089&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21519134%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Hou MY, Hung MN, Lin PS, Wang YC, Lin CC, Shu PY, Shih WY, Wu HS, Lin LJ We have developed a single-tube nested real-time PCR (STN-RT PCR) assay using the repetitive, transposon-like element IS1111 as the DNA target to facilitate early diagnosis of acute Q fever. The use of our proposed diagnostic procedures, including IgM detection by serology and the STN-RT PCR assay, significantly increased the diagnostic sensitivity for Q fever to 78%, compared to 29% when serology alone was used for subjects providing mainly acute-phase blood samples. PMID: 21519134 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases) Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4771395 Tue, 01 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4771395 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4771394&cid=s_33089_20_f&fid=33089&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21519135%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Tarumoto N, Abe Y, Yamaguchi T, Takasaki T, Kurane I, Maesaki S Dengue fever (DF) is a relatively common infection in travelers, with about 100 cases being reported annually in Japan, and this number is increasing. We herein describe two patients who developed a fever after returning to Japan from Southeast Asia and who were serologically diagnosed with DF. Patient 1 was a 19-year-old man who spent 6 days in Thailand and developed diarrhea and a fever after returning to Japan. Virological studies showed dengue virus (DV) serotype 3 by reverse transcriptase PCR (RT-PCR), and anti-DV IgM and IgG antibodies were both positive by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Patient 2 was a 43-year-old man who spent time in various Asian countries and developed a fever and arthralgia... Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4771394 Tue, 01 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4771394 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4771393&cid=s_33089_20_f&fid=33089&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21519136%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Iwai M, Horimoto E, Obara M, Obuchi M, Kurata T, Kawagoshi K, Nakamura S, Shimizu H, Yoshida H, Takizawa T PMID: 21519136 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases) Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4771393 Tue, 01 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4771393 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4771392&cid=s_33089_20_f&fid=33089&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21519137%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Konno M, Yoshioka M, Sugie M, Maguchi T, Nakamura T, Kizawa M, Umegaki Y, Yasutake H, Ishikawa Y, Hanaoka N, Okabe N, Taniguchi K, Shimizu H, Fujimoto T PMID: 21519137 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases) Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4771392 Tue, 01 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4771392 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4771391&cid=s_33089_20_f&fid=33089&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21519138%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Sugimoto M, Haseyama M, Ishida Y, Yoshida S, Kamiya K PMID: 21519138 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases) Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4771391 Tue, 01 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4771391 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4771390&cid=s_33089_20_f&fid=33089&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21519139%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Sakai T, Tanabe S, Hashida M, Kitahori Y PMID: 21519139 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases) Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4771390 Tue, 01 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4771390 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4424136&cid=s_33089_20_f&fid=33089&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21266748%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Arita I This year 2010 marks the 30th anniversary of smallpox eradication, as declared by the WHO Assembly in 1980. As someone who worked for this program for many years, I would like to present my recollection of how it succeeded and what lessons can be learnt, with the added benefit of hindsight. The program achieved the global unification of mankind despite differences in race, nationality, religion, and politics, and research contributed significantly to building the effective strategy that ultimately led to success. These lessons should be useful in a designing a planning solution for many of the problems we face in today's changing world, including problems regarding health security and even those in current and future socioeconomic regions. PMID: 21266748 [PubMed - ... Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4424136 Sat, 01 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4424136 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4424135&cid=s_33089_20_f&fid=33089&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21266749%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Nishibori T, de Vries GC, Rahardjo D, Wasito EB, De I, Kinoshita S, Hayashi Y, Hotta H, Kawabata M, Shirakawa T, Iijima Y, Osawa R The phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of 6 clinical strains of Vibrio cholerae isolated in Surabaya, Indonesia in 2009 were examined. The DNA fingerprints obtained suggested that these isolates were not from a single clone. Furthermore, all isolates produced cholera toxin and possessed the classical type of toxin B subunit gene, thus meaning that this is the first report of the occurrence of El Tor variants of V. cholerae in Indonesia. Although all isolates were sensitive to almost all antibiotics tested, including ampicillin, chloramphenicol, ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, levofloxacin, kanamycin, nalidixic acid, norfloxacin, streptomycin, trim... Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4424135 Sat, 01 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4424135 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4424134&cid=s_33089_20_f&fid=33089&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21266750%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Sun LM, Zheng HY, Zheng HZ, Guo X, He JF, Guan DW, Kang M, Liu Z, Ke CW, Li JS, Liu L, Guo RN, Yoshida H, Lin JY Enterovirus 71 (EV71) is shown to be a major causative agent in outbreaks of hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) reported in Guangdong (GD) Province of China in 2008. A total of 48,876 HFMD cases (131 severe and 21 fatal) were reported to the GD HFMD web-based surveillance system, which covers 871 clinics. The main causes of death included central nervous system damage, heart failure, and pulmonary edema. The incidence rate was 52 per 100,000, and the epidemic peak appeared in May and June. EV71 was found in 59% and coxsackievirus A16 in 26% of 936 laboratory-confirmed cases. Other viruses are likely to be responsible for the remaining 15% of cases. Of the 185 EV71... Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4424134 Sat, 01 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4424134 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4424133&cid=s_33089_20_f&fid=33089&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21266751%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Kabir SM, Kikuchi K, Asakura M, Shiramaru S, Tsuruoka N, Goto A, Hinenoya A, Yamasaki S We have developed a cytolethal distending toxin (cdt) gene-based species-specific multiplex PCR assay for the detection and identification of Campylobacter jejuni, C. coli, and C. fetus. The applicability of this assay was evaluated with 325 Campylobacter strains isolated from diarrheal patients in Japan and the results were compared with those obtained by other genetic methods, including hipO gene detection and 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Of the 325 strains analyzed, 314 and 11 were identified as C. jejuni and C. coli, respectively, by combination of hipO gene detection and 16S rRNA gene sequencing. When the multiplex PCR assay was employed, 309, 310, and 314 strains were identified as C. je... Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4424133 Sat, 01 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4424133 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4424132&cid=s_33089_20_f&fid=33089&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21266752%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Japoni A, Jamalidoust M, Farshad S, Ziyaeyan M, Alborzi A, Japoni S, Rafaatpour N A total of 156 methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolates from patients hospitalized in southern Iran were tested for staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec) types and antibacterial susceptibility patterns between May 2008 and May 2009. Type III SCCmec was the most prevalent (116, 74.3%), followed by mec types A (147 bp only; 11, 7.1%), IVa (8, 5.1%), IVc (7, 4.5%), IVd and V (4, 2.6%), and II (1, 0.6%). Class A mec and type III ccr and mec complexes were also predominant. All isolates were found to be sensitive to vancomycin, teicoplanin, linezolid, quinupristin-dalfopristin, mupirocin, and fusidic acid. However, reduced sensitivity of these MRSA isolates to other antibi... Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4424132 Sat, 01 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4424132 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4424131&cid=s_33089_20_f&fid=33089&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21266753%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Matsushita K, Sasagawa T, Miyashita M, Ishizaki A, Morishita A, Hosaka N, Saikawa K, Hoshina S, Bi X, Ichimura H It has been reported recently that oral human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is associated with oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of HPV infection and HPV types in the oral cavity and cervix of female sex workers in Japan. Oral and cervical swabs were taken from 196 female sex workers who visited a clinic for regular medical checkups in 2007, and genomic DNA was extracted from those specimens. The HPV L1 gene was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using original and modified GP5(+)/6(+) primers, and genotyping was performed using the Kurabo GeneSquare Microarray or by sequencing cloned PCR product... Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4424131 Sat, 01 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4424131 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4424130&cid=s_33089_20_f&fid=33089&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21266754%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Yamazaki T, Nagashima M, Ninomiya D, Arai Y, Teshima Y, Fujimoto A, Ainai A, Hasegawa H, Chiba J The genetic delivery of therapeutic monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) by in vivo production may offer a new solution to the current problems in the mAb therapy for microbial diseases. Herein, plasmids encoding the neutralizing mAb against hemagglutinin (HA) of A/PR/8/34 influenza virus (IFV) were electro-transferred into mouse muscle and the relationship between serum recombinant anti-HA mAb (rHA mAb) levels and the prophylactic efficacy against lethal IFV infection were analyzed. Pretreatment of the muscle with hyaluronidase before electroporation and gene transfer into 3 muscles resulted in a marked enhancement of the mAb expression. After single gene transfer, peak serum concentratio... Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4424130 Sat, 01 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4424130 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4424129&cid=s_33089_20_f&fid=33089&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21266755%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Ono F, Terao K, Tase N, Hiyaoka A, Ohyama A, Tezuka Y, Wada N, Kurosawa A, Sato Y, Tobiume M, Hagiwara K, Yamakawa Y, Sata T Bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) was transmitted to three macaques by intracerebral inoculation of a brain homogenate from affected cattle detected in Japan. All monkeys developed abnormal behavioral signs, such as intermittent anorexia and hyperekplexia, around 24 months after inoculation. Neuronal symptoms, such as tremor, myoclonic jerking, and paralysis, appeared 27-44 months after inoculation. These symptoms worsened and total paralysis ensued within a year after onset. The disease duration was approximately 8-12 months. Both the incubation period and the duration of disease were shortened in the secondary transmission experiment to macaques. ... Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4424129 Sat, 01 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4424129 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4424128&cid=s_33089_20_f&fid=33089&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21266756%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Zhou TL, Chen XJ, Zhou MM, Zhao YJ, Luo XH, Bao QY A total of 514 consecutive clinical Escherichia coli isolates, irrespective of resistance background, were collected in the period 2002-2008 in Wenzhou, southern China, to investigate the prevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR). The dominant PMQR gene was aac(6')-Ib-cr, followed by qnr, whereas qepA was absent. A total of 253 (49.2%) of these isolates were aac(6')-Ib-positive. Subsequently, 134 of these isolates were sequenced and 42 (31.3%) found to harbor aac(6')-Ib-cr, 18 to harbor new aac(6')-Ib mutants, and 74 to harbor wild-type aac(6')-Ib. The genes qnrA, qnrB, and qnrS were found in 2 (0.4%), 6 (1.2%), and 14 (2.7%) of 514 isolates, respectively, with 2 isolates co-harboring qnrB and qnrS genes. Sequ... Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4424128 Sat, 01 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4424128 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4424127&cid=s_33089_20_f&fid=33089&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21266757%26dopt%3DAbstract This report describes a fatal case of hospital-acquired necrotizing pneumonia caused by PVL-positive methicillin-susceptible S. aureus in a patient with a brain tumor. PMID: 21266757 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases) Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4424127 Sat, 01 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4424127 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4424126&cid=s_33089_20_f&fid=33089&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21266758%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Nakayama A, Takahashi H, Ohkusa K, Yamanaka K, Shintani C, Hayakawa S, Ishii J, Watanabe H Herein we present a case of Neisseria meningitidis-related sepsis and meningitis in a 60-year-old woman. The N. meningitidis strain was identified as serogroup B and sequence type (ST)-4893 by multilocus sequence typing (MLST). The patient in this case had visited France prior to development of symptoms. No meningococcal isolate belonging to ST-4893 has been identified in Japan previously, whereas an ST-4893 strain from France has been reported in the MLST database. These results strongly suggest that this case is likely to have been imported from France. PMID: 21266758 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases) Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4424126 Sat, 01 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4424126 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4424125&cid=s_33089_20_f&fid=33089&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21266759%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Konno T, Yatsuyanagi J, Saito S A total of 18 strains of EHEC O157:H7 were isolated from distinct cases in Akita Prefecture, Japan from July to September 2007. The genetic relatedness of these isolates was investigated by performing a multilocus variable number of tandem repeats analysis (MLVA) and a pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) analysis using XbaI. The PFGE analyses allowed us to group these 18 isolates into three major clusters. The MLVA results correlated closely with those obtained by PFGE, although some variants were found within the clusters obtained by PFGE, thus highlighting the utility of this technique for determining a precise classification when it is difficult to differentiate between isolates with indistinguishable or very similar PFGE patterns. In add... Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4424125 Sat, 01 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4424125 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4424124&cid=s_33089_20_f&fid=33089&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21266760%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Mojgani N, Rahbar M, Taqizadeh M, Ashtiani MP, Mohammadzadeh M The aim of this study was to determine the capsular types of Haemophilus influenzae isolated from clinical specimens by slide agglutination serotyping (SAST) and PCR capsule typing methods. All the isolates were biotyped and their antibiotic resistance patterns also determined. Thirteen isolates of serotype b, 2 of serotype e, 4 of serotype f, and 19 nontypeable (NT) isolates were identified by SAST method in 38 H. influenzae culture-positive samples. Capsule typing by PCR increased the proportion of all invasive cases from 34.2% (by SAST) to 60.5%, and 6 culture-negative samples were identified as invasive H. influenzae (Hib) by this method. The discrepancy rate between SAST and PCR results were 41%. Biotypes I, I... Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4424124 Sat, 01 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4424124 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4424123&cid=s_33089_20_f&fid=33089&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21266761%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Peymani A, Nahaei MR, Farajnia S, Hasani A, Mirsalehian A, Sohrabi N, Abbasi L Metallo-beta-lactamase (MBL)-producing Acinetobacter baumannii has become a growing therapeutic concern worldwide. The aims of this study were to evaluate the antimicrobial susceptibility of A. baumannii isolates and to determine the prevalence of MBL genes among carbapenem non-susceptible isolates. During a period of 16 months (March 2008-June 2009), 100 isolates of A. baumannii were collected from different clinical specimens of inpatients admitted to the largest teaching hospital in the northwest of Iran. All isolates were tested for antimicrobial susceptibility by Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. Carbapenem non-susceptible isolates were further screened for production of MBL by Etest and were ... Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4424123 Sat, 01 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4424123 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4424122&cid=s_33089_20_f&fid=33089&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21266762%26dopt%3DAbstract This report discusses the serological evidence of hantavirus infections among 105 suspected leptospirosis patients, 8 of whom had hantavirus antibodies. Serotyping ELISA showed that these 8 patients had high optical density values for Thailand virus. Most of the sera showed that the focus reduction neutralization test titer against Thailand virus was higher than that against Seoul virus, thereby suggesting that the hantaviral antibodies found in Sri Lanka are different from Seoul virus but closely related to Thailand virus. These findings imply that the hantaviral infection found in Kandy, Sri Lanka appears to be due to a virus similar to Thailand virus. Epidemiological analysis revealed that the association between hantavirus infection and socio-demographic characteristics was not statist... Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4424122 Sat, 01 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4424122 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4424121&cid=s_33089_20_f&fid=33089&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21266763%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Ono F, Tase N, Kurosawa A, Hiyaoka A, Ohyama A, Tezuka Y, Wada N, Sato Y, Tobiume M, Hagiwara K, Yamakawa Y, Terao K, Sata T A low molecular weight type of atypical bovine spongiform encephalopathy (L-BSE) was transmitted to two cynomolgus macaques by intracerebral inoculation of a brain homogenate of cattle with atypical BSE detected in Japan. They developed neurological signs and symptoms at 19 or 20 months post-inoculation and were euthanized 6 months after the onset of total paralysis. Both the incubation period and duration of the disease were shorter than those for experimental transmission of classical BSE (C-BSE) into macaques. Although the clinical manifestations, such as tremor, myoclonic jerking, and paralysis, were similar to those induced upon C-BSE transmission, ... Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4424121 Sat, 01 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4424121 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4424120&cid=s_33089_20_f&fid=33089&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21266764%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Omura T, Iizuka S, Tabara K, Tsukagoshi H, Mizuta K, Matsuda S, Noda M, Kimura H PMID: 21266764 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases) Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4424120 Sat, 01 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4424120 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4424119&cid=s_33089_20_f&fid=33089&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21266765%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Nakamura M, Taira K, Tsukagoshi H, Itokazu K, Nidaira M, Okano S, Kudaka J, Noda M, Takeda M, Kimura H PMID: 21266765 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases) Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4424119 Sat, 01 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4424119 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4424118&cid=s_33089_20_f&fid=33089&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21266766%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Akiyoshi K, Tamura T, Haruta T, PMID: 21266766 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases) Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4424118 Sat, 01 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4424118 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4424117&cid=s_33089_20_f&fid=33089&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21266767%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Yoshikura H PMID: 21266767 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases) Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4424117 Sat, 01 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4424117 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4206085&cid=s_33089_20_f&fid=33089&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21099087%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Akama T, Suzuki K, Tanigawa K, Nakamura K, Kawashima A, Wu H, Sue M, Yoshihara A, Ishido Y, Ishii N The whole-genome sequence analysis of Mycobacterium leprae, which was completed in 2001, revealed the characteristics of this microbe's genomic structure. Half of the M. leprae genome consists of a limited number of protein-coding genes and the rest comprises non-coding regions and pseudogenes. We performed membrane array and tiling array analyses to analyze the gene-expression profile of the M. leprae genome and found that pseudogenes and non-coding regions were expressed similarly to coding regions at the RNA level. The RNA expressions were confirmed by real-time PCR analysis. Expression of these RNAs in clinical samples showed varying patterns among patients, thus indicating ... Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4206085 Mon, 01 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4206085 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4206084&cid=s_33089_20_f&fid=33089&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21099088%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Goto-Sugai K, Tsukagoshi H, Mizuta K, Matsuda S, Noda M, Sugai T, Saito Y, Okabe N, Tashiro M, Kozawa K, Tanaka R, Morita Y, Nishina A, Kimura H We performed the genotyping and phylogenetic analysis of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) isolated from 17 infants with bronchiolitis in Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan in 2005 and 2006. The major genes in these samples (attachment [G] glycoprotein gene, fusion [F] protein gene, and nucleoprotein [N] gene) were sequenced and analyzed genetically. Phylogenetic analysis of these genes revealed that 7 and 10 strains could be classified into subgroups A and B, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis of the G gene revealed that the subgroup A and B strains were unique genotypes GA2 and BA, respectively. Moreover, the amino acid sequences for these... Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4206084 Mon, 01 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4206084 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4206083&cid=s_33089_20_f&fid=33089&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21099089%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Hoshino K, Isawa H, Tsuda Y, Kobayashi M A laboratory colony of the mosquito Aedes japonicus japonicus, which has recently invaded the United States and is recognized as a highly competent vector of West Nile virus, was established from larvae collected in Narita, Japan. The mosquitoes were maintained with induced insemination, blood-feeding on humans, and oviposition in water provided from the original collection site during the first few generations, then the colony was transferred to a large cage (40×40×100 cm in height) and adapted to conditions in which specimens were allowed to mate freely. White mice were provided as the blood source, and deionized water was available for oviposition. Approximately 185 eggs, most of which were tolerant to desiccation for at least 1 mo... Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4206083 Mon, 01 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4206083 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4206082&cid=s_33089_20_f&fid=33089&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21099090%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Tamura T, Nishikawa M, Anh DD, Suzuki H A molecular epidemiological study of rotavirus (RV) and norovirus (NoV) infections was carried out in Nha Trang city in Vietnam between December 2005 and June 2006. RV and NoV were detected in 87 (47.5%) and 12 (6.6%) of the 183 fecal specimens from children hospitalized with acute gastroenteritis, respectively. The majority of patients with RV and NoV were children younger than 2 years of age. The most frequent RV genotypes detected were G3 (n=37, 42.5%) and G1 (n=28, 32.2%) for G type, P[8] (n=61, 70.1%) for P type, and G3P[8] (n=33, 38.0%) and G1P[8] (n=18, 20.7%) for the G and P genotype combination. GII.12 was the most common genotype (6/12, 50%) for NoV, followed by GII.4 (4/12, 33.3%), and we also identified a rare type (GII.19). ... Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4206082 Mon, 01 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4206082 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4206081&cid=s_33089_20_f&fid=33089&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21099091%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, molecular analysis of Mycobacterium leprae was employed to clarify the spread of drug-resistant leprosy. Thus, drug resistance-determining regions in the folP1, rpoB, and gyrA genes, which are associated with resistance to dapsone, rifampicin, and ofloxacin, respectively, were analyzed by direct sequencing of the PCR product. No mutations in the folP1 gene were observed in any of the 72 slit skin samples obtained from 38 patients, although two samples carrying a mutation at codon 425 in the rpoB gene, which confers resistance to rifampicin, a key component of multidrug therapy, were identified. In addition, a mutation at codon 91 in the gyrA gene, which correlates with ofloxacin resistance, was found in one sample. These results demonstrate the existence of rifampicin- and o... Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4206081 Mon, 01 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4206081 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4206080&cid=s_33089_20_f&fid=33089&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21099092%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Naghoni A, Ranjbar R, Tabaraie B, Farshad S, Owlia P, Safiri Z, Mammina C Salmonella enterica has become progressively resistant to antimicrobial agents worldwide as a result of genes carried on different classes of integrons. The aim of the current study was to investigate the molecular diversity of these integrons and their association with antimicrobial resistance in clinical S. enterica isolates from Tehran, Iran. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. The presence of integrons was investigated by PCR using specific primers. Integrons were detected in 65 (47.1%) strains, with classes 1 and 2 being observed in 54 (39%) and 11 (8%) strains, respectively. Integron-positive isolates belonged to seven dif... Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4206080 Mon, 01 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4206080 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4206079&cid=s_33089_20_f&fid=33089&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21099093%26dopt%3DAbstract We report the surveillance findings of hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) collected from a general practitioner-based sentinel surveillance system and outbreaks reported by institutions and a laboratory-based enterovirus surveillance system in Hong Kong from 2001 to 2009. A seasonal peak was detected in the warmer months (May-July), along with a smaller winter peak (October-December) from 2006 onwards. The number of older children (>5 years) infected increased from 25.4% in 2001 to 33.0% in 2009 (P=0.01, Mantel-Haenszel chi-square test). Laboratory surveillance detected a cyclical high enterovirus 71 activity every 3 to 4 years. This activity was associated with a higher average hospitalization rate for HFMD patients in the outbreaks reported in the corresponding year, although the di... Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4206079 Mon, 01 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4206079 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4206078&cid=s_33089_20_f&fid=33089&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21099094%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Ohyama H, Hongyo H, Shimizu N, Shimizu Y, Nishimura F, Nakagawa M, Arai H, Kato-Kogoe N, Terada N, Nagai A, Takashiba S, Kurihara H, Nomura Y, Murayama Y Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease caused by the infection of periodontopathic bacteria in dental plaque. However, an individual's susceptibility to this disease appears to be associated with multiple genetic factors, as seen in the case of leprosy. In order to gain a better understanding of the pathophysiology of periodontal disease in subjects with leprosy, we investigated the clinical features of periodontitis and the immunological responses against periodontopathic bacteria in 382 subjects with a history of leprosy and 451 age-matched control subjects. The prevalence of periodontitis and the degree of periodo... Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4206078 Mon, 01 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4206078 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4206071&cid=s_33089_20_f&fid=33089&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21099095%26dopt%3DAbstract This study aimed to compare the diagnostic performance of the T-cell-based interferon-gamma releasing assay (IGRA) T-SPOT.TB with the TST for the diagnosis of LTBI in an intermediate tuberculosis (TB)-burden country with high BCG coverage. For this purpose, a total of 91 participants, including culture-confirmed TB patients, healthy contacts known to have been exposed to Mycobacterium tuberculosis, and healthy volunteers, selected from a BCG-vaccinated population were recruited. The sensitivities of the T-SPOT.TB and TST were 79.3 and 25.8%, and the specificities were 75.9 and 56.7%, respectively. The negative- and positive-predictive values for T-SPOT.TB and TST were 78.6 and 76.7% and 42.5 and 38.1%, respectively. The diagnostic performance of the TST in LTBI diagnosis is therefore sever... Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4206071 Mon, 01 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4206071 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4206070&cid=s_33089_20_f&fid=33089&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21099096%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Ophori EA, Atanunu O, Johnny EJ, Adu M The seroprevalence of syphilis in students from a tertiary institution in Benin City, Nigeria was investigated. Venous blood samples (5 mL) were collected from 214 apparently healthy students aged 19-38 years (118 males and 96 females) between February and October 2009 and the serostatus of syphilis determined qualitatively using the rapid plasma reagin test. Seropositive sera were confirmed using the Treponema pallidum hemagglutination test. The total seropositivity for syphilis was 15.4%, with a prevalence in males and females of 18.6 and 11.4%, respectively. This difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The highest prevalence was found for the 24-28-year-old age group, while the lowest prevalence was found for the 19-23-ye... Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4206070 Mon, 01 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4206070 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4206067&cid=s_33089_20_f&fid=33089&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21099097%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Lin MF, Chang KC, Yang CY, Yang CM, Xiao CC, Kuo HY, Liou ML The relationship between the presence and types of integrons and the antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of Acinetobacter baumannii was investigated. A total of 134 non-duplicated A. baumannii isolates, 54.5% (n=73) of which were subsequently found to carry class 1 integrons, were collected from a regional hospital in Taiwan between March and September 2007. Only two types of gene cassette array, aacA4-catB8-aadA1 and aacC1-orfP-orfP-orfQ-aadA1, were identified. Susceptibility data showed that those strains carrying integrons were significantly more resistant to all antibiotics tested except ampicillin/sulbactam and imipenem. An epidemiological study revealed that the same integron could be found in different unrel... Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4206067 Mon, 01 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4206067 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4206066&cid=s_33089_20_f&fid=33089&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21099098%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Wi YM, Peck KR Ochrobactrum anthropi is an emerging pathogen in immunocompromised patients, with the majority of human cases being central venous catheter-related infections. In contrast, O. anthropi-related biliary sepsis is much rare. Herein we report the clinical and microbiological characteristics of O. anthropi-related biliary sepsis in order to increase awareness of the potential role of O. anthropi in this infection. Further extensive epidemiologic studies should be carried out to ascertain the etiologic association between O. anthropi and biliary sepsis and to identify potential hosts and routes of transmission. PMID: 21099098 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases) Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4206066 Mon, 01 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4206066 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4206065&cid=s_33089_20_f&fid=33089&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21099099%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Arizono N, Yoshimura Y, Tohzaka N, Yamada M, Tegoshi T, Onishi K, Uchikawa R Human ascariasis is caused by infection with the common roundworm Ascaris lumbricoides, although the pig roundworm Ascaris suum has also been reported to infect humans and develop into the adult stage. To elucidate whether pig-derived Ascaris infects humans in Japan, 9 Ascaris isolates obtained from Japanese patients and a further 9 Ascaris isolates of pig origin were analyzed to determine their internal transcribed spacer-1 sequences. Six of the 9 clinical isolates showed the Ascaris genotype which predominantly infects humans in endemic countries, while the other 3 clinical isolates and 9 pig-derived isolates showed the genotype predominant in pigs worldwide. These results suggest that at least some... Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4206065 Mon, 01 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4206065 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4206062&cid=s_33089_20_f&fid=33089&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21099100%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Goto Y, Sato K, Yahagi K, Komatsu O, Hoshina H, Abiko C, Yamasaki H, Kawanaka M PMID: 21099100 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases) Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4206062 Mon, 01 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4206062 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4018538&cid=s_33089_20_f&fid=33089&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20873371%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Chatzigeorgiou KS, Mariolis A, Sergentanis TN PMID: 20873371 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases) Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4018538 Tue, 31 Aug 2010 23:00:00 +0100 4018538