MedWorm.com provides a medical RSS filtering service. Over 6000 RSS medical sources are combined and output via different filters. This feed contains the latest items from the 'Journal of Aging and Health' source. Sun, 21 Mar 2010 15:09:42 +0100 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3356076&cid=s_28403_18_f&fid=28403&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F22%2F3%2F384%3Frss%3D1 Discussion: The findings illustrate the importance of examining gender differences in studies of risk factors for depression. (Source: Journal of Aging and Health) Journal of Aging and Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3356076 Fri, 12 Mar 2010 01:19:11 +0100 3356076 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3356075&cid=s_28403_18_f&fid=28403&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F22%2F3%2F362%3Frss%3D1 Discussion: A large proportion of noninstitutionalized elderly have ADL problems. In addition to health care, interventions promoting equity of access to education and economic opportunity could reduce ADL dependency in coming generations. (Source: Journal of Aging and Health) Journal of Aging and Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3356075 Fri, 12 Mar 2010 01:19:10 +0100 3356075 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3356074&cid=s_28403_18_f&fid=28403&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F22%2F3%2F348%3Frss%3D1 This study evaluates the effect of a care management service (CMS) on falls in older adults. Method: This is a retrospective case-control study with 78 CMS recipients as the case group who received CMS and another 312 community-dwelling frail elders as the control group.The groups were matched by age, gender, activity of daily living, cognitive impairment, and unsteady gait. Thus they were comparable in characteristics and frailty. Results: Among the 390 participants, 89 older adults (23.0%) had falls in the 90 days prior to the survey. After controlling for the identified risk factors for falls, the odds ratio of CMS was 0.27 (95% confidence interval = 0.110-0.663, p < .01). Discussion: These findings indicate that CMS recipients have a lower chance for falls compared to their counterp... Journal of Aging and Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3356074 Fri, 12 Mar 2010 01:19:10 +0100 3356074 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3356073&cid=s_28403_18_f&fid=28403&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F22%2F3%2F332%3Frss%3D1 This study uses cross-sectional data from 421 elderly Latino participants in the Los Angeles Latino Eye Study (LALES) along with cognitive screening, and comparison is by driving status (currently driving, used to drive, never drove) and self-reported difficulty driving among current drivers. Results: Current drivers were more educated and reported better health.Those who never drove were less acculturated.Those who gave up driving had more visual impairment and lower scores on mental status testing. Self-reported difficulties among current drivers were associated with more health problems but not cognitive difficulties. Discussion: Elderly Latinos have a lower driving rate than the general older population. There are significant differences between older Latinos who continue to drive vers... Journal of Aging and Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3356073 Fri, 12 Mar 2010 01:19:10 +0100 3356073 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3356072&cid=s_28403_18_f&fid=28403&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F22%2F3%2F307%3Frss%3D1 This article uses data from MIDUS (Midlife in the United States), a national study of Americans (N = 7,108), to investigate factors that predict longitudinal retention. With its extensive age range (25-75 at Time 1) and long-term design (9- to 10-year survey interval), MIDUS is useful for investigating common sociodemographic and health predictors of continuing participation. Method: The authors conducted logistic regression analyses of baseline sociodemographic and health variables predicting retention. Select interaction terms examined the interplay between targeted variables. Results: Consistent with prior research, higher retention rates were found among Whites, females, and married individuals as well as those with better health and more education. Interaction analyses further clarifi... Journal of Aging and Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3356072 Fri, 12 Mar 2010 01:19:10 +0100 3356072 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3356071&cid=s_28403_18_f&fid=28403&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F22%2F3%2F292%3Frss%3D1 Discussion: Findings suggest that factors related to health disparities may influence cognitive outcomes among older adults with diabetes. (Source: Journal of Aging and Health) Journal of Aging and Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3356071 Fri, 12 Mar 2010 01:19:10 +0100 3356071 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3356070&cid=s_28403_18_f&fid=28403&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F22%2F3%2F267%3Frss%3D1 Discussion: Our findings suggest the importance of encouraging older adults to acknowledge their unmet needs and to seek community-based support services early, rather than wait until they have developed more serious needs, such as difficulties in activities of daily living (ADL). (Source: Journal of Aging and Health) Journal of Aging and Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3356070 Fri, 12 Mar 2010 01:19:10 +0100 3356070 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3241338&cid=s_28403_18_f&fid=28403&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F22%2F2%2F242%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion: The anthropometric data for healthy elderly Venezuelans can be used in monitoring anthropometric changes and disease risk analysis for this population and possibly for other Latin American populations. (Source: Journal of Aging and Health) Journal of Aging and Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3241338 Fri, 05 Feb 2010 00:27:18 +0100 3241338 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3241337&cid=s_28403_18_f&fid=28403&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F22%2F2%2F219%3Frss%3D1 Discussion: Policies and programs aimed at improving the conditions of poor children and their families may effectively reduce the prevalence of CHD in later life. (Source: Journal of Aging and Health) Journal of Aging and Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3241337 Fri, 05 Feb 2010 00:27:18 +0100 3241337 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3241336&cid=s_28403_18_f&fid=28403&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F22%2F2%2F197%3Frss%3D1 Discussion: There are survival-related benefits of living in an affluent urban neighborhood, which we posit may be manifested through the diffusion of innovations in health care and health-promotion activities. (Source: Journal of Aging and Health) Journal of Aging and Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3241336 Fri, 05 Feb 2010 00:27:18 +0100 3241336 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3241335&cid=s_28403_18_f&fid=28403&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F22%2F2%2F183%3Frss%3D1 Discussion: Results can be used to design interventions to improve strength outcomes. (Source: Journal of Aging and Health) Journal of Aging and Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3241335 Fri, 05 Feb 2010 00:27:18 +0100 3241335 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3241334&cid=s_28403_18_f&fid=28403&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F22%2F2%2F169%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions: Our analysis showed that communication and consensus are important factors in the hospital transfer decision and that the discord in perceptions among MDs and DONs may complicate interventions to reduce preventable hospitalization. (Source: Journal of Aging and Health) Journal of Aging and Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3241334 Fri, 05 Feb 2010 00:27:18 +0100 3241334 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3241333&cid=s_28403_18_f&fid=28403&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F22%2F2%2F154%3Frss%3D1 Discussion: Over one in four older persons had olfactory impairment. The prevalence was higher in men, increased with age and decreasing BMI, and was higher among persons with Parkinson’s disease and cognitive impairment. (Source: Journal of Aging and Health) Journal of Aging and Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3241333 Fri, 05 Feb 2010 00:27:18 +0100 3241333 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3241332&cid=s_28403_18_f&fid=28403&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F22%2F2%2F143%3Frss%3D1 This article provides an updated overview of the rehabilitation of this population. Methods: This article critically reviews the rehabilitation interventions available to older adults with hearing impairment: hearing aids, hearing assistance technology, and communication programs. Results: Current evidence suggests positive outcomes of similar magnitude for the three rehabilitation interventions, however their availability/uptake and adherence are suboptimal. Discussion: To improve the current situation, two changes to practice are warranted. First, availability of the range of rehabilitation interventions should be improved. Second, in accordance with the self-management of other chronic health conditions, older adults with hearing impairment should be invited to be actively involved in t... Journal of Aging and Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3241332 Fri, 05 Feb 2010 00:27:18 +0100 3241332 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3140203&cid=s_28403_18_f&fid=28403&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F22%2F1%2F120%3Frss%3D1 Discussion: The overall results provided support for the expansion of morbidity hypothesis, and we discussed some possible reasons. From a policy perspective, the findings could suggest a need to develop infrastructures that would enable older Singaporeans to remain mobile in a highly urban setting. (Source: Journal of Aging and Health) Journal of Aging and Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3140203 Mon, 04 Jan 2010 19:40:49 +0100 3140203 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3140202&cid=s_28403_18_f&fid=28403&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F22%2F1%2F106%3Frss%3D1 Discussion: A relatively simple dance-based exercise can support lower-body functioning in previously sedentary, frail older adults. (Source: Journal of Aging and Health) Journal of Aging and Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3140202 Mon, 04 Jan 2010 19:40:49 +0100 3140202 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3140201&cid=s_28403_18_f&fid=28403&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F22%2F1%2F84%3Frss%3D1 Discussion: Overall findings highlight the importance of assessing the long-term health impact of volunteering and doing so under diverse social structural contexts. (Source: Journal of Aging and Health) Journal of Aging and Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3140201 Mon, 04 Jan 2010 19:40:49 +0100 3140201 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3140200&cid=s_28403_18_f&fid=28403&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F22%2F1%2F68%3Frss%3D1 Discussion: BMI below 22 kg/ m2 is a risk factor for 13-year mortality in older people, but our findings suggest that overweight and obesity may not be associated to mortality after adjustment for established mortality risk factors. (Source: Journal of Aging and Health) Journal of Aging and Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3140200 Mon, 04 Jan 2010 19:40:49 +0100 3140200 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3140199&cid=s_28403_18_f&fid=28403&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F22%2F1%2F48%3Frss%3D1 This study provides insight into correlates of grief among older caregivers and results in useful information to inform the development of interventions to assist older persons in coping with their responsibilities as caregivers. (Source: Journal of Aging and Health) Journal of Aging and Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3140199 Mon, 04 Jan 2010 19:40:49 +0100 3140199 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3140198&cid=s_28403_18_f&fid=28403&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F22%2F1%2F27%3Frss%3D1 Discussion: A wide range of health conditions among older adults are disproportionately clustered into the poorest areas. Programs and services should be designed to meet the needs of older adults of any age in such neighborhoods. (Source: Journal of Aging and Health) Journal of Aging and Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3140198 Mon, 04 Jan 2010 19:40:49 +0100 3140198 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3140197&cid=s_28403_18_f&fid=28403&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F22%2F1%2F3%3Frss%3D1 Discussion: Significant ethnic differences exist in the evolvement of self-rated health in middle and late life. Further inquiries may include analyzing ethnic heterogeneities from a person-centered perspective, health disparities across subgroups of Hispanics, effects of neighborhood attributes, and implications of left truncation. (Source: Journal of Aging and Health) Journal of Aging and Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3140197 Mon, 04 Jan 2010 19:40:48 +0100 3140197 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2968847&cid=s_28403_18_f&fid=28403&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F21%2F8%2F1179%3Frss%3D1 Discussion: Two sources of disparity in depression between persons with and without DSL were identified: preexisting differences and differences that occurred due to the DSL. The relationship exhibited between depression and developing a DSL indicated an adjustment process. (Source: Journal of Aging and Health) Journal of Aging and Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2968847 Fri, 06 Nov 2009 21:10:11 +0100 2968847 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2968846&cid=s_28403_18_f&fid=28403&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F21%2F8%2F1159%3Frss%3D1 This study investigated the relationship between overweight and obesity, age, and gender with physical activity and physical function in community-dwelling older men and women. Method: Multivariate analysis of covariance was used to analyze differences between normal weight, overweight, and obese adults (n = 821) above the age of 60 years. Results: Obesity but not overweight was associated with lower levels of physical activity and physical function. Within BMI groups, individuals who were physically active were less likely to have abnormal physical function scores compared to those who were sedentary. Compared to men, obese women had lower physical function scores, placing them at higher risk for future disability. Aging was associated with lower levels of physical activity and physical f... Journal of Aging and Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2968846 Fri, 06 Nov 2009 21:10:11 +0100 2968846 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2968845&cid=s_28403_18_f&fid=28403&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F21%2F8%2F1133%3Frss%3D1 Discussion: Although the correspondence between the individual wishes for activities and the concrete content of the programs was not obvious, results indicate potential for enabling the perception of autonomy among physically disabled older nursing home residents. The clinical consequences may suggest a focus on existing traditions, methods, and tools in the nursing home practice. (Source: Journal of Aging and Health) Journal of Aging and Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2968845 Fri, 06 Nov 2009 21:10:11 +0100 2968845 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2968844&cid=s_28403_18_f&fid=28403&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F21%2F8%2F1112%3Frss%3D1 Discussion: It was proposed that it is insufficient to merely study how age affects general body image because adults might become more satisfied with some aspects of their bodies as a function of age and less satisfied with other aspects. Body satisfaction might also fluctuate during different phases of the adult life, and the patterns possibly differ between men and women. (Source: Journal of Aging and Health) Journal of Aging and Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2968844 Fri, 06 Nov 2009 21:10:11 +0100 2968844 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2968843&cid=s_28403_18_f&fid=28403&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F21%2F8%2F1098%3Frss%3D1 This article examines the health effects associated with self-reported hearing disability on older people. Methods: The study utilized the 2003 Australian Survey of Disability, Ageing, and Carers (n = 43,233), a weighted population-based survey providing data on self-reported disability and quality of life, to examine hearing disability among older Australians (55 years plus). Results: Of the estimated 654,113 people reporting hearing disability, 71% experienced limited communication and 60% used hearing aids. Compared with population norms, hearing disability at all levels was associated with poorer physical and mental health scores on the SF-12 measure, especially for people with severe or profound hearing loss, thus suggesting a threshold effect at advanced levels of disability. Discuss... Journal of Aging and Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2968843 Fri, 06 Nov 2009 21:10:11 +0100 2968843 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2968842&cid=s_28403_18_f&fid=28403&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F21%2F8%2F1083%3Frss%3D1 This study explored factors related to cognition of social capital among Japanese older people. Method: Using a cross-sectional survey design, data were gathered from 940 people aged over 65 years. Cognition of social capital was compared by gender, and it was regressed on participation in community activities and health behaviors of middle age and current health status. Results: Men had higher cognitive social capital than women (p = .004). Multiple regression analysis shows that men who rested for health during middle age had high cognition of social capital. Cognition of social capital was also related to self-rated health, depression, and cognitive difficulties for both men and women. Daily activity was included among women. Discussion: Participation in community activities and health ... Journal of Aging and Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2968842 Fri, 06 Nov 2009 21:10:11 +0100 2968842 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2968841&cid=s_28403_18_f&fid=28403&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F21%2F8%2F1063%3Frss%3D1 This study suggests that coping resources are of importance in explaining associations between persistent health decline and decreasing well-being. Stable or improving mastery even proves to protect older persons with PDF from decreasing well-being.Therefore, it may be of importance to develop interventions for older persons aimed at maintaining or improving psychological coping resources when health declines. (Source: Journal of Aging and Health) Journal of Aging and Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2968841 Fri, 06 Nov 2009 21:10:11 +0100 2968841 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2822065&cid=s_28403_18_f&fid=28403&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F21%2F7%2F1040%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions: Health education interventions that provide stroke caregivers with educational materials may help reduce caregiver injuries. (Source: Journal of Aging and Health) Journal of Aging and Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2822065 Mon, 21 Sep 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2822065 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2822064&cid=s_28403_18_f&fid=28403&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F21%2F7%2F1016%3Frss%3D1 Discussion: The present analysis documents the complexity of social connectedness, demonstrating that various role obligations contribute to caregiving daughters’ global self-esteem in different ways. In the context of assuming cancer careprovision, daughters’ existing repertoire of social roles may possibly mediate the stress associated with their care involvement or serve as a buffer against the strain of the caregiving experience. (Source: Journal of Aging and Health) Journal of Aging and Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2822064 Mon, 21 Sep 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2822064 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2822063&cid=s_28403_18_f&fid=28403&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F21%2F7%2F985%3Frss%3D1 Discussion: To enhance ADC intervention effects, levels of participation should be maximized. Study findings suggest ways to promote more regular attendance. (Source: Journal of Aging and Health) Journal of Aging and Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2822063 Mon, 21 Sep 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2822063 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2822062&cid=s_28403_18_f&fid=28403&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F21%2F7%2F967%3Frss%3D1 This study examined ethnic differences in end-of-life communication between Korean American and non-Hispanic White older adults using the Health Belief Model as a conceptual framework. Method: A cross-sectional design was employed to survey 217 community-dwelling older adults (112 Korean Americans and 105 Non-Hispanic Whites). Results: Half of the participants had never held end-of-life discussions with significant others. Non-Hispanic Whites were more likely to engage in end-of-life communication than Korean Americans, but the ethnicity effect was not evident in a multivariate analysis. Only participants’ knowledge, perceived barriers, perceived severity, and experience of illness significantly predicted the likelihood of the end-of-life communication. Higher knowledge, stronger bel... Journal of Aging and Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2822062 Mon, 21 Sep 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2822062 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2822061&cid=s_28403_18_f&fid=28403&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F21%2F7%2F943%3Frss%3D1 This study examined linkages between physical and psychological violence in childhood from parents and three dimensions of adult health (self-rated health, functional limitations, chronic conditions). Methods: Regression models were estimated using data from the 1995 and 2005 waves of the National Survey of Midlife in the U.S. Responses to an adapted version of the Conflict Tactics Scales in 1995 were used to code respondents into one of nine profiles of violence distinguished by types and frequency of violence. Results: Reports of both frequent physical and frequent psychological violence were associated with poorer health at baseline across the three dimensions of health, as well as with more severe declines in health across all three dimensions over the 10-year study period. Discussion:... Journal of Aging and Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2822061 Mon, 21 Sep 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2822061 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2710525&cid=s_28403_18_f&fid=28403&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F21%2F6%2F913%3Frss%3D1 Discussion: There are social inequalities in grip strength, PF, and falls among older people. Interventions should consider the contribution of social inequalities to the problem. (Source: Journal of Aging and Health) Journal of Aging and Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2710525 Mon, 17 Aug 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2710525 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2710524&cid=s_28403_18_f&fid=28403&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F21%2F6%2F895%3Frss%3D1 In this study, the authors examine the influence of conflict between nursing home staff and family members of residents on staff burnout. Method: Data were collected from interviews with a representative sample of 655 nursing home nurses and nursing assistants. Hypotheses were tested using structural equation modeling. Results: Results indicate that conflict with family members increases staff burnout and decreases staff satisfaction. Staff and family conflict increases when staff members feel they do not have enough time to complete required tasks. Level of conflict decreases when staff perceive that family members have care expectations that are similar to their own. Interestingly, staff who have personal experience as family caregivers are more likely to report conflict with family memb... Journal of Aging and Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2710524 Mon, 17 Aug 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2710524 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2710523&cid=s_28403_18_f&fid=28403&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F21%2F6%2F881%3Frss%3D1 The objective of this study was to identify individual and environmental correlates of fear of falling among community-dwelling seniors. Method: The study sample involved 288 community-dwelling adults aged 65 years or older going through the normal aging process. Fear of falling and a series of individual and environmental characteristics were measured with a questionnaire during home interviews. Results: Multivariate logistic regression procedures showed that the strongest correlates of fear of falling are gender, support from a spouse or partner, and residential area. Being a female as well as living in a smaller city or rural area were shown to be risk factors for fear of falling, whereas the availability of support from a spouse or partner was a protective factor. Discussion: Findings ... Journal of Aging and Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2710523 Mon, 17 Aug 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2710523 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2710522&cid=s_28403_18_f&fid=28403&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F21%2F6%2F864%3Frss%3D1 Discussion: These findings may assist public health policy makers in better preventing emotional disorders among the elderly by promoting healthier eating habits. (Source: Journal of Aging and Health) Journal of Aging and Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2710522 Mon, 17 Aug 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2710522 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2710521&cid=s_28403_18_f&fid=28403&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F21%2F6%2F848%3Frss%3D1 This article examined the association between problems meeting basic needs and cognitive decline in a sample of community-dwelling Hispanic older adults (N = 1,964). Method: The authors used a prospective design to study the influence of problems meeting basic needs on cognitive functioning. Analyses controlled for demographics, health problems, and depressive symptoms. Results: The authors found problems meeting basic needs to be a more potent predictor of cognitive decline than income. Discussion: Interventions focused on providing older adults with resources for meeting basic needs, such as adequate food and health care, may substantially reduce the subsequent level of stress and health problems in this population. (Source: Journal of Aging and Health) Journal of Aging and Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2710521 Mon, 17 Aug 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2710521 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2710520&cid=s_28403_18_f&fid=28403&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F21%2F6%2F824%3Frss%3D1 Discussion: Findings suggest that light-to-moderate alcohol consumption reduces the risk of substantial functional health decline in older middle-aged drinkers. (Source: Journal of Aging and Health) Journal of Aging and Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2710520 Mon, 17 Aug 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2710520 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2710519&cid=s_28403_18_f&fid=28403&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F21%2F6%2F803%3Frss%3D1 Discussion: A sense of purpose as a potential explanation for the association between church attendance and changes in depressed mood in old age was discussed. (Source: Journal of Aging and Health) Journal of Aging and Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2710519 Mon, 17 Aug 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2710519 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2578296&cid=s_28403_18_f&fid=28403&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F21%2F5%2F776%3Frss%3D1 Discussion: Recommendations for policy and practice are discussed. (Source: Journal of Aging and Health) Journal of Aging and Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2578296 Mon, 06 Jul 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2578296 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2578295&cid=s_28403_18_f&fid=28403&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F21%2F5%2F759%3Frss%3D1 Discussion: A high risk of CVD appears to exist for adults across the life span, and several risky health behaviors also seem to place individuals more at risk for being diagnosed with CVD. (Source: Journal of Aging and Health) Journal of Aging and Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2578295 Mon, 06 Jul 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2578295 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2578294&cid=s_28403_18_f&fid=28403&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F21%2F5%2F730%3Frss%3D1 Discussion: The SES disparities in preventive service utilization exist in Costa Rica, and institutional characteristics are positively associated with increasing utilization. (Source: Journal of Aging and Health) Journal of Aging and Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2578294 Mon, 06 Jul 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2578294 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2578293&cid=s_28403_18_f&fid=28403&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F21%2F5%2F713%3Frss%3D1 Discussion: From cost-efficiency and public health perspectives, exercise-alone interventions can be considered valuable, as they are more likely to be implemented in countries with less resources. Further qualitative research is needed, however, to explore determinants of willingness to participate and comply with interventions aiming to prevent recurrent falls among older people. (Source: Journal of Aging and Health) Journal of Aging and Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2578293 Mon, 06 Jul 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2578293 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2578292&cid=s_28403_18_f&fid=28403&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F21%2F5%2F699%3Frss%3D1 Discussion: In our study, some inpatients did not vote as a result of procedural issues. When patients with severe cognitive impairment vote, there is a potential risk of vote diversion. Voting procedures should be improved to give inpatients easier access to the ballot while protecting them from the risk of fraud. (Source: Journal of Aging and Health) Journal of Aging and Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2578292 Mon, 06 Jul 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2578292 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2578291&cid=s_28403_18_f&fid=28403&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F21%2F5%2F677%3Frss%3D1 Discussion: The greatly elevated risk of disability among Blacks aged 55 to 74 is largely explained by differences in socioeconomic status. Reductions in Black—White health disparities require a better understanding of the mechanisms whereby lower income and education are associated with functional outcomes in older persons. (Source: Journal of Aging and Health) Journal of Aging and Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2578291 Mon, 06 Jul 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2578291 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2578290&cid=s_28403_18_f&fid=28403&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F21%2F5%2F655%3Frss%3D1 Discussion: Poor self-rated vision may not be a good indicator of fall risk in older adults. Thus, for older adults with visual impairments, preserving residual limb functioning through exercise and activity has the important potential to reduce fall risk in addition to improving muscle and bone strength as well as improving balance and gait. (Source: Journal of Aging and Health) Journal of Aging and Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2578290 Mon, 06 Jul 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2578290 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2407950&cid=s_28403_18_f&fid=28403&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F21%2F4%2F627%3Frss%3D1 This study examines how surrogate decision makers for dementia patients developed an understanding of patient preferences about end-of-life (EOL) care and patient wishes. Methods: Semistructured interviews were conducted with 34 surrogate decision makers for hospice-eligible nursing home patients with dementia. The data were content analyzed. Results: Most surrogates reported that patients had previously completed an advance directive (59%), discussed preferences for EOL care (56%), or done both (38%). Catalysts for and barriers to completing an advance directive or having EOL care discussions included factors that were both intrinsic and extrinsic to the patient. The most commonly reported wish for EOL care was to not be kept alive by "machines" or "extraordinary measures." Discussion: He... Journal of Aging and Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2407950 Tue, 12 May 2009 04:00:00 +0100 2407950 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2407949&cid=s_28403_18_f&fid=28403&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F21%2F4%2F611%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions: Consistent with findings from the community setting, need factors are strongly associated with the use of mobility aids in institutions. However, socioeconomic resources may provide older adults with alternate ways to manage mobility limitations in institutional settings. (Source: Journal of Aging and Health) Journal of Aging and Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2407949 Tue, 12 May 2009 04:00:00 +0100 2407949 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2407948&cid=s_28403_18_f&fid=28403&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F21%2F4%2F596%3Frss%3D1 This study examined the association between severity of self-neglect and physical function in a population of community-dwelling older adults. Method: Participants were older adults (N = 1,094) reported to the Chicago Department on Aging for suspected self-neglect from 1993 to 2005, who also participated in the Chicago Health Aging Project. The primary outcome of physical function was assessed using physical performance tests. Secondary outcomes were assessed using the Katz, Nagi, and Rosow-Breslau scales. Multiple regression models were used to assess these associations. Results: After adjusting for confounders, higher self-neglect severity scores were associated with lower physical performance testing (coefficient = —.062, p = .001). Greater self-neglect severity was also correlate... Journal of Aging and Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2407948 Tue, 12 May 2009 04:00:00 +0100 2407948 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2407947&cid=s_28403_18_f&fid=28403&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F21%2F4%2F581%3Frss%3D1 This study aims to examine the structural relationships among sense of mastery (SOM), income level, social support, physical health, and stress in older Canadians, while controlling for demographic characteristics. Method: This research uses data collected in the National Population Health Survey on Canadians aged 65 years and older (N = 1,399). Results: Higher income predicts better health and more social support, which, in turn, predicts higher SOM. The relationship between physical health and stress is fully mediated through SOM for both genders. The SOM fully mediates the relationship between social support and stress for men and partially mediates this relationship for women. Discussion: Findings confirm the importance of a network of social services targeting older persons with low i... Journal of Aging and Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2407947 Tue, 12 May 2009 04:00:00 +0100 2407947 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2407946&cid=s_28403_18_f&fid=28403&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F21%2F4%2F567%3Frss%3D1 This study has important implications for the conduct of clinical drug trials, as it provides strong evidence that even very mild cognitive impairment in healthy elderly has a detrimental impact on medication adherence. (Source: Journal of Aging and Health) Journal of Aging and Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2407946 Tue, 12 May 2009 04:00:00 +0100 2407946 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2407945&cid=s_28403_18_f&fid=28403&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F21%2F4%2F547%3Frss%3D1 Discussion: The findings support both the sensory degradation and speed of processing accounts of age-related, cognitive decline. Furthermore, the findings highlight positive aspects of normal cognitive aging in that older age may not be associated with a loss of fluid intelligence if visual sensory functioning and processing speed can be maintained. (Source: Journal of Aging and Health) Journal of Aging and Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2407945 Tue, 12 May 2009 04:00:00 +0100 2407945 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2288619&cid=s_28403_18_f&fid=28403&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F21%2F3%2F543%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Aging and Health) Journal of Aging and Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2288619 Tue, 24 Mar 2009 04:00:00 +0100 2288619 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2288618&cid=s_28403_18_f&fid=28403&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F21%2F3%2F528%3Frss%3D1 This study assessed the caregiving activities and training interests of family caregivers of medically ill older adults without dementia who receive home health care. Methods: Participants were 101 family caregivers of patients from the Training in the Assessment of Depression (TRIAD) study. Caregivers were assessed using a sociodemographic questionnaire and measures of caregiver tasks and training interest. Results: Family caregivers provided a variety of caregiving tasks and their interest in training was independent of current provision of tasks. Black caregivers expressed greater overall interest in receiving training than did White caregivers, as did younger caregivers compared to same-generation caregivers. Discussion: Family caregivers in this study evidenced both a range of care pr... Journal of Aging and Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2288618 Tue, 24 Mar 2009 04:00:00 +0100 2288618 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2288617&cid=s_28403_18_f&fid=28403&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F21%2F3%2F519%3Frss%3D1 Discussion: Results indicated that 24 weeks of ST improved body composition parameters, increased muscular strength, and preserved BMD in postmenopausal women. (Source: Journal of Aging and Health) Journal of Aging and Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2288617 Tue, 24 Mar 2009 04:00:00 +0100 2288617 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2288616&cid=s_28403_18_f&fid=28403&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F21%2F3%2F501%3Frss%3D1 The relationship between problems accessing medical care and depression is examined in a sample of older Hispanics (Puerto Rican, Dominican, and Other Hispanic) in Massachusetts and a comparison group of same-neighborhood non-Hispanic Whites. The research questions are: Do older Hispanics experience more problems with access to medical care than do older non-Hispanic Whites? What types of access problems do Hispanics encounter, and how do these relate to depression symptoms? The data come from the Massachusetts Hispanic Elders Study; descriptive and multivariate regression analysis procedures are used. Older Hispanics report more problems obtaining medical care than do older non-Hispanic Whites. Puerto Ricans report significantly more transportation problems to access medical care. For Dom... Journal of Aging and Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2288616 Tue, 24 Mar 2009 04:00:00 +0100 2288616 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2288615&cid=s_28403_18_f&fid=28403&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F21%2F3%2F480%3Frss%3D1 This study examines the 9-month impact of a 12-week falls prevention program (called Stand Up!) which included balance exercises and educational components on maintenance of physical activity among community-dwelling seniors. Method: Data were collected among 98 experimental and 102 control participants at baseline, immediately after the program and 9 months later. Involvement in physical activity was measured with three indicators. Program effects were examined using linear and logistic regression procedures. Results: Both groups showed similar increases in weekly frequency of exercise at the 9-month posttest. However, the program's participants showed higher increases in their variety of exercises at the 9-month posttest (especially among those with greater baseline scores). Among senior... Journal of Aging and Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2288615 Tue, 24 Mar 2009 04:00:00 +0100 2288615 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2288614&cid=s_28403_18_f&fid=28403&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F21%2F3%2F460%3Frss%3D1 This study examines the associations between activity restriction related to fear of falling and sociodemographic and health factors among people aged 60 and older living in the Colombian Andes mountains. Method: The sample includes 1,668 community-living participants. Outcomes included no fear of falling, fear of falling alone, or activity restriction related to fear of falling. Results: Fear of falling was reported by 83.3%, and of these 52.2% reported activity restriction. Independent factors for activity restriction (vs. fear of falling alone) were low income, functional difficulty, falling or decreasing physical activity, polypharmacy, poor self-perceived health, and depression. Discussion: The prevalence of overall fear of falling and related activity restriction was surprisingly hig... Journal of Aging and Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2288614 Tue, 24 Mar 2009 04:00:00 +0100 2288614 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2288613&cid=s_28403_18_f&fid=28403&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F21%2F3%2F431%3Frss%3D1 This study examines the relationship of neighborhood climate (i.e., neighborhood social environment) to perceived social support and mental health outcomes in older Hispanic immigrants. Method: A population-based sample of 273 community-dwelling older Hispanic immigrants (aged 70 to 100) in Miami, Florida, completed self-report measures of neighborhood climate, social support, and psychological distress and performance-based measures of cognitive functioning. Structural equation modeling was used to model the relationship of neighborhood climate to elders' perceived social support and mental health outcomes (i.e., cognitive functioning, psychological distress). Results: Neighborhood climate had a significant direct relationship to cognitive functioning, after controlling for demographics. ... Journal of Aging and Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2288613 Tue, 24 Mar 2009 04:00:00 +0100 2288613 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2171260&cid=s_28403_18_f&fid=28403&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F21%2F2%2F398%3Frss%3D1 This study seeks to determine if persistently low or declining feelings of usefulness to others in later life predict increased mortality hazard in older adults. Method: Data on change in perceptions of usefulness, health, behavioral and psychosocial covariates, and mortality originate from the MacArthur Study of Successful Aging, a prospective study of 1,189 older adults (aged 70 to 79). Results: Older adults with persistently low feelings of usefulness or who experienced a decline to low feelings of usefulness during the first 3 years of the study experienced a greater hazard of mortality (sociodemographic adjusted hazard ratio = 1.75; 95% confidence interval = 1.22, 2.51) during a subsequent 9-year follow-up as compared to older adults with persistently high feelings of usefulness. Disc... Journal of Aging and Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2171260 Mon, 09 Feb 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2171260 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2171259&cid=s_28403_18_f&fid=28403&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F21%2F2%2F374%3Frss%3D1 This study uses telephone interview data collected from a random sample of 1,064 older adults (65+) in BC. The sample was identified using established criteria from the six-item Lubben Social Network Scale. Results: The results indicate that 17% of the sample is socially isolated. To summarize, the strongest predictors of social isolation are income, gender, marital status, self-rated health, length of residence, and home ownership. Further analysis indicates that SIOA were not more inclined to overuse health services. Discussion: The findings underscore the importance of understanding differential profiles of need and service use for SIOA within broader social contexts, and are discussed in terms of their implications for health care policy and program planning for this vulnerable populat... Journal of Aging and Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2171259 Mon, 09 Feb 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2171259 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2171258&cid=s_28403_18_f&fid=28403&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F21%2F2%2F350%3Frss%3D1 This article examines the health disparities among older adults with dementia, emphasizing the protection of personhood and quality of life, along with a review of the barriers to health care access and utilization of persons living with dementia. Method: This literature review utilized electronic databases and other documents. Results: The findings suggest that while progress has been realized toward protecting personhood and achieving an improved quality of life among older adults with dementia in the U.S. health care system challenges still exist. Discussion: The implications of current and future public policy, avenues for further research, and strategies by which the health care community may better serve persons with dementia are outlined. (Source: Journal of Aging and Health) Journal of Aging and Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2171258 Mon, 09 Feb 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2171258 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2171257&cid=s_28403_18_f&fid=28403&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F21%2F2%2F336%3Frss%3D1 This study assesses structural and functional characteristics of Short Form-36 Health Survey (SF-36) domains using community-based samples of older Whites and African Americans. Although the eight domains of the SF-36 have by convention been collapsed into two summary categories— physical health and mental health—the authors examine a three-factor model including physical health, mental health, and general well-being. They hypothesized that the general well-being factor would be a mediator between physical and mental health in both groups. Method: Analyses using structural equation modeling provide support for the approach. Results: In both White and African American samples, the three-factor model demonstrated a better fit than the two-factor model. Also, in both groups, gener... Journal of Aging and Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2171257 Mon, 09 Feb 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2171257 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2171256&cid=s_28403_18_f&fid=28403&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F21%2F2%2F314%3Frss%3D1 This study assesses the effects of socioeconomic status (education and poverty) on seeking health information and subsequent use of this information during the medical encounter. Method: Data on 19,944 adults (aged 45 and older) were drawn from the 2000-2001 Household Component of the Community Tracking Study, a nationally representative survey of non-institutionalized individuals. Results: Higher levels of education were associated with a greater likelihood of seeking health information and mentioning information to physicians. The poor and near poor were less likely to seek health information, but only the near poor were significantly less likely to mention information to the physician. Discussion: These findings underscore the importance of education in the acquisition and use of health... Journal of Aging and Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2171256 Mon, 09 Feb 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2171256 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2171255&cid=s_28403_18_f&fid=28403&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F21%2F2%2F286%3Frss%3D1 Discussion: Results are discussed in terms of applications of the self-disclosure paradigm to developmentally and ethnically diverse groups. (Source: Journal of Aging and Health) Journal of Aging and Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2171255 Mon, 09 Feb 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2171255 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2171254&cid=s_28403_18_f&fid=28403&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F21%2F2%2F266%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions: Trends in DFLE by age and severity of disability as well as the delayed onset of disability provide evidence for the compression of morbidity among the oldest old in China. But a similar trend was not found among the young-old. (Source: Journal of Aging and Health) Journal of Aging and Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2171254 Mon, 09 Feb 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2171254 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2171253&cid=s_28403_18_f&fid=28403&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F21%2F2%2F244%3Frss%3D1 Discussion: These findings suggest a necessity to design policies for older adults to create a synergy between housing and health care and to translate meaningful health-related lifestyles into diverse long-term care settings. (Source: Journal of Aging and Health) Journal of Aging and Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2171253 Mon, 09 Feb 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2171253 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2171252&cid=s_28403_18_f&fid=28403&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F21%2F2%2F231%3Frss%3D1 This study examines 3-year weight change in African Americans. Method: Nine hundred and ninety-eight participants 49 to 65 years old were assessed at baseline and 3 years later. Weight was measured, and weight change was defined as clinically meaningful increases or decreases (± 5 kg). Potential risk factors were investigated using multinomial logistic regression. Results: In-home measured weights were available for 752 participants (75%): 504 (67%) had stable weights, 131 (17%) gained more than 5 kg, and 117 (16%) lost more than 5 kg. Among all participants, the risks for weight gains were cancer, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, lower income, and Medicaid status; the risks for weight losses were angina, cancer, high measured systolic blood pressure, asthma, and physical inac... Journal of Aging and Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2171252 Mon, 09 Feb 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2171252 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2103329&cid=s_28403_18_f&fid=28403&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F21%2F1%2F208%3Frss%3D1 This article compares the use and cost for individuals that entered ALPP and a comparison group. Method: This was a nonrandomized study. The comparison group consisted of VA patients who were eligible but did not enter an ALPP facility. The ALPP (n = 393) and comparison (n = 259) groups were followed for 12 months to assess ALPP facility, case management, and health care costs. Results: ALPP facility and ALPP case management costs were respectively $5,560 and $2,830 per individual. Total health care costs, including ALPP costs, were $11,533 higher for the ALPP group compared to the comparison group after adjusting for baseline differences. Discussion: Although ALPP successfully helped individuals transition to longer term care in these facilities, it was more costly than the comparison gro... Journal of Aging and Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2103329 Wed, 14 Jan 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2103329 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2103328&cid=s_28403_18_f&fid=28403&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F21%2F1%2F190%3Frss%3D1 This article presents resident health outcomes and the relationship between facility characteristics and outcomes. Method: This article presents results on 393 ALPP residents followed for 12 months after admission to 95 facilities. Results: A total of 19.8% residents died, and the average activities of daily living impairment did not change significantly. Half of the residents remained in an ALPP facility, with the average resident spending 315 days in the community during the 12-month follow-up period. This article found a limited number of characteristics of structure and staffing to be significantly associated with outcomes. Discussion: If differences among facility characteristics are not clearly related to differences in outcomes, then choices among type of setting can be based on the... Journal of Aging and Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2103328 Wed, 14 Jan 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2103328 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2103327&cid=s_28403_18_f&fid=28403&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F21%2F1%2F172%3Frss%3D1 This article describes the background and methods of the ALPP evaluation and the characteristics and experiences of the facilities. Method: Facility data were collected from the contracting/inspection process and a survey of ALPP facilities and those contacted but not participating in ALPP. Results: Data on 131 participating facilities are presented: 41 AFHs, 47 assisted living facilities (ALFs), and 43 residential care facilities (RCFs). The average facility had 33 beds (about one quarter Medicaid beds), for-profit ownership, and private rooms for ALPP residents, and about half had private baths. About two thirds of ALPP AFH providers spoke a primary language other than English. Discussion: Findings indicate that a wide range of community facilities were willing to provide care to residen... Journal of Aging and Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2103327 Wed, 14 Jan 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2103327 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2103326&cid=s_28403_18_f&fid=28403&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F21%2F1%2F155%3Frss%3D1 Discussion: Neighborhood conditions may shape walking behavior in older adults, especially conditions that reflect physical neglect or social threat. Promotion of walking behavior in older adults may require improvement of the safety and upkeep of the neighborhood environment. (Source: Journal of Aging and Health) Journal of Aging and Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2103326 Wed, 14 Jan 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2103326 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2103325&cid=s_28403_18_f&fid=28403&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F21%2F1%2F129%3Frss%3D1 Discussion: The discusses the need for more dialogue between social network researchers and social gerontologists to help explain older adults' bridging prospects. (Source: Journal of Aging and Health) Journal of Aging and Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2103325 Wed, 14 Jan 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2103325 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2103324&cid=s_28403_18_f&fid=28403&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F21%2F1%2F102%3Frss%3D1 This study explores the contribution of psychosocial factors on sex behaviors of midlife and older women. Methods: A community-based sample of ethnically diverse women (N = 572) between the ages of 50 and 93 completed standardized measures of self-silencing, self-esteem, sensation-seeking behavior, HIV-related stigma behavior, sexual assertiveness, and safer sex behaviors. Results : Results from the regression analysis indicated the model significantly predicted safer sex behaviors (p < .001), with self-silencing (β = —.115, p < .05) and age (β = .173, p < .001) as significant predictors. Bivariate correlation analysis indicated an inverse correlation between HIV stigma (p < .05) and safer sex behaviors. Discussion: Implications for further study and practice ar... Journal of Aging and Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2103324 Wed, 14 Jan 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2103324 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2103323&cid=s_28403_18_f&fid=28403&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F21%2F1%2F85%3Frss%3D1 Discussion: Findings suggest organizational interventions to address workers' financial and health issues and management practices such as better training programs and peer mentoring could enhance workers' satisfaction with supervision. (Source: Journal of Aging and Health) Journal of Aging and Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2103323 Wed, 14 Jan 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2103323 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2103322&cid=s_28403_18_f&fid=28403&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F21%2F1%2F63%3Frss%3D1 Discussion: Although older people may assist others in different ways within the church, the informal assistance they provide to coreligionists appears to be more strongly associated with health when they are more deeply committed to their faith. (Source: Journal of Aging and Health) Journal of Aging and Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2103322 Wed, 14 Jan 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2103322 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2103321&cid=s_28403_18_f&fid=28403&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F21%2F1%2F38%3Frss%3D1 This study examines the cultural health beliefs held by older Chinese in Canada. Methods: Chinese surnames are randomly selected from the local Chinese telephone directories. Telephone screening is then conducted to identify eligible Chinese people 55 years of age or older to take part in a face-to-face interview to complete a structured survey questionnaire. Results: The results of exploratory factor analysis indicate that the health beliefs of the older Chinese are loaded onto three factors related to beliefs about traditional health practices, beliefs about traditional Chinese medicine, and beliefs about preventive diet. Education, religion, country of origin, length of residency in Canada, and city of residency are the major correlates of the various Chinese health beliefs scales. Disc... Journal of Aging and Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2103321 Wed, 14 Jan 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2103321 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2103320&cid=s_28403_18_f&fid=28403&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F21%2F1%2F3%3Frss%3D1 This article examines racial health disparities among the elderly in Sao Paulo, Brazil. It also explores whether these disparities differ among income groups. Methods: The study follows the conceptual framework developed by LaVeist (1994). A multistage analysis and Oaxaca-Blinder decomposition are used to explore the sources of racial disparities in health. Results: White seniors report better health than Black seniors. This is the case even after controlling for baseline health conditions and several demographic, socioeconomic, and family support characteristics. Discussion: This article suggests that the two most important factors driving racial disparities in health among seniors are historical differences in rural living conditions and current income. Present economic conditions are mo... Journal of Aging and Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2103320 Wed, 14 Jan 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2103320 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1949957&cid=s_28403_18_f&fid=28403&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F20%2F8%2F997%3Frss%3D1 This study examines the association of social ties and cancer screening. Method: Data from the Longitudinal Study on Aging II include 4,419 respondents (70 to 85) who completed Wave 2. The dependent variable is receipt of screening within the past 2 years, measured at Wave 2. Social network variables include marital status, interaction with friends, relatives, and children, and church attendance. Results: Women were higher on most social tie measures, except marriage, and less likely to have mammography than men were to have prostate cancer screening. Also, the decline of screening with age was greater for women. For women, screening was related to contact with friends, relatives, and children but not marital status or church attendance. For men, screening was higher in the married and chu... Journal of Aging and Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1949957 Thu, 30 Oct 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1949957 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1949956&cid=s_28403_18_f&fid=28403&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F20%2F8%2F972%3Frss%3D1 This article compares use of pain coping strategies among older, middle-aged, and younger adults living with chronic pain and seeks to determine whether the relationship between pain severity and coping is moderated by age. Method: Participants were 464 adults reporting chronic pain secondary to multiple sclerosis, spinal cord injury, or neuromuscular disease. Participants completed a survey including measures of pain severity and the Chronic Pain Coping Inventory. Results: After controlling for clinical and demographic variables, older adults (older than 60) reported a wider range of frequently used strategies and significantly more frequent engagement in activity pacing, seeking social support, and use of coping self-statements than did younger or middle-aged adults. Moderation analyses ... Journal of Aging and Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1949956 Thu, 30 Oct 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1949956 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1949955&cid=s_28403_18_f&fid=28403&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F20%2F8%2F954%3Frss%3D1 This study seeks to determine the efficacy of environmental interventions in reducing falls in community-dwelling older people. Method: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized trials was performed. Results: Pooled analysis of six trials (N = 3,298) demonstrated a 21% reduction in falls risk (relative risk [RR] = 0.79; 0.65 to 0.97). Heterogeneity was attributable to the large treatment effect of one trial. Analysis of a subgroup of studies with participants at high risk of falls (four trials, n = 570) demonstrated a clinically significant 39% reduction of falls (RR = 0.61; 0.47 to 0.79), an absolute risk difference of 26% for a number needed to treat four people. Discussion: Home assessment interventions that are comprehensive, are well focused, and incorporate an environmental... Journal of Aging and Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1949955 Thu, 30 Oct 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1949955 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1949954&cid=s_28403_18_f&fid=28403&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F20%2F8%2F937%3Frss%3D1 This study explored how male and female family caregivers of Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients differ in their use of formal services and informal support and how religiousness may affect such differences. Methods: Data were from a sample of 720 family caregivers of AD patients who participated in the Resources for Enhancing Alzheimer's Caregiver Heath (REACH I) study sites in Birmingham, Boston, Memphis, and Philadelphia. Results: Female caregivers were less likely to use in-home services than males (M = 0.83 vs. M = 1.06, p < .01) but reported more use of transportation services (21.6% vs. 12.7%, p < .01) and more use of informal support (M = 13.9 vs. M = 10.7, p < .01). Mediation tests suggested that three measures of religiousness helped explain the relationship between gender... Journal of Aging and Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1949954 Thu, 30 Oct 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1949954 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1949953&cid=s_28403_18_f&fid=28403&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F20%2F8%2F920%3Frss%3D1 Discussion: Though no racial differences in SRH were found, the relationship between SRH, ADLs, and mobility status was moderated by race. SRH was predictive of limitations in Whites only. Observed differences suggest SRH construct may differ by race. (Source: Journal of Aging and Health) Journal of Aging and Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1949953 Thu, 30 Oct 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1949953 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1949952&cid=s_28403_18_f&fid=28403&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F20%2F8%2F899%3Frss%3D1 This study examines the extent to which optimism, control beliefs and motivation, and downward social comparison contribute independently to the maintenance of older adults' positive self-evaluations in a functional domain. Method: Adaptive resources/strategies and life satisfaction were measured in personal interviews with 164 community-dwelling older adults. Participants judged their physical activity compared with the average person of their age and wore an accelerometer for 24 hours. Commonality analysis was used to estimate unique versus shared effects of the resource/strategy variables on a residual measure of self-enhancement, obtained by adjusting the comparative judgments for participants' age and objectively measured physical activity. Results: Self-enhancement was positively rel... Journal of Aging and Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1949952 Thu, 30 Oct 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1949952 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1822331&cid=s_28403_18_f&fid=28403&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F20%2F7%2F872%3Frss%3D1 This study explores the extent to which the constructs of social support and social connectedness differ in terms of their associations with the structural characteristics of social networks and the health status of older adults. Method: Trained interviewers conducted 126 face-to-face interviews with community-dwelling older adults aged 65 to 85 years. Results: Having frequent contact with network members was positively associated with social support. Network density and having network members living in close proximity were positively associated with perceived social connectedness. Furthermore, perceived social connectedness had a significant positive association with health status, whereas social support did not. Discussion: Perceived social connectedness may be relatively more important ... Journal of Aging and Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1822331 Wed, 24 Sep 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1822331 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1822330&cid=s_28403_18_f&fid=28403&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F20%2F7%2F855%3Frss%3D1 This study examines the association between participation in leisure activities and mortality risk among older men and women. Methods: A representative sample of 1,246 men and women ages 65 to 95, interviewed in 1991-1992, were followed for 12 years. Cox regressions analyzed mortality risk. Results : Participating in only a few activities doubled mortality risk compared to those with the highest participation levels, even after controlling for age, education, walking ability, and other health indicators. Women had a dose-response relationship between overall participation and survival. Strong associations with survival were found for engagement in organizational activities and study circles among women and hobby activities and gardening among men. Discussion: Results suggest gender differe... Journal of Aging and Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1822330 Wed, 24 Sep 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1822330 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1822329&cid=s_28403_18_f&fid=28403&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F20%2F7%2F837%3Frss%3D1 This study quantifies the effect of a new dementia special care unit (D-SCU) on the provision of care to all residents in a nursing home (NH). Method: The authors use data from the On-line Survey Certification and Reporting system to identify free-standing NHs that first reported a D-SCU between 1996 and 2003 (N = 1,519). Fixed-effects models estimate the effect of a new D-SCU on the prevalence of each outcome (physical restraints, feeding tubes, and psychotropic medications) while controlling for secular trends. Results: For all NHs, the use of physical restraints declined, the use of antipsychotics increased, and other measures remained relatively constant. The introduction of a D-SCU was not associated with changes in trends for any measure. Discussion: Differences in care processes bet... Journal of Aging and Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1822329 Wed, 24 Sep 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1822329 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1822328&cid=s_28403_18_f&fid=28403&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F20%2F7%2F824%3Frss%3D1 Discussion: The prevalence of home accidents in the elderly population who live in low socioeconomic region was higher. (Source: Journal of Aging and Health) Journal of Aging and Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1822328 Wed, 24 Sep 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1822328 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1822327&cid=s_28403_18_f&fid=28403&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F20%2F7%2F804%3Frss%3D1 This study examines the associations between social networks and vision-specific health-related quality of life (HRQOL) among Chinese older adults. Method: Urban older adults with visual problems (N = 167) were interviewed using a structured questionnaire to assess self-reported visual functioning, general health, social networks, and vision-specific HRQOL. Objective visual function was clinically measured by ophthalmologists in terms of distance visual acuity. Results: Findings indicate that age-related vision loss is significantly associated with older adults' social networks. Multiple regression analyses show that social networks are mildly related to vision-specific HRQOL even after controlling for other variables, and that friendship network was a significant predictor, independent of... Journal of Aging and Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1822327 Wed, 24 Sep 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1822327 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1822326&cid=s_28403_18_f&fid=28403&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F20%2F7%2F788%3Frss%3D1 This study investigated the prevalence and clustering of four common lifestyle risk factors—cigarette smoking, heavy alcohol drinking, physical inactivity, and low consumption of vegetables and fruits—among older Chinese women and men in Hong Kong. Method: The author examined 4,812 community-dwelling older persons aged 60 and older in a cross-sectional representative study, collecting data on lifestyle risk factors and sociodemographics by in-person interviews during household visits. Results: About 5% of older persons had at least three lifestyle risk factors, and more than 90% of them were men. Clustering was found at both ends of the lifestyle spectrum, especially in older men. Prevalence of multiple risk factors was higher among men, older age groups, and those with higher ... Journal of Aging and Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1822326 Wed, 24 Sep 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1822326 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1822325&cid=s_28403_18_f&fid=28403&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F20%2F7%2F767%3Frss%3D1 This study examined the relationship between aging and regular physical activity. The moderating effects of education and the extent to which employment and health status influence physical activity were also examined. Method: Multilevel logistic regression was conducted using longitudinal data from a national sample of 7,595 adults aged 54 to 72. Results: An age-related decline in physical activity was observed, steeper among low-education individuals. Lack of physical activity was predicted by worsening health and reduced workforce participation, but these associations varied by education level. For low-education individuals, not working and job losses were associated with reduced physical activity, whereas for highly educated individuals the reverse was true. Health problems were associ... Journal of Aging and Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1822325 Wed, 24 Sep 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1822325 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1758539&cid=s_28403_18_f&fid=28403&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F20%2F6%2F739%3Frss%3D1 This study assessed whether three commonly used self-rated health (SRH) items (global, age-comparative, and self-comparative) are equivalent measures of health perception for older adults. Method: Regression analyses were used to simultaneously contrast the associations between physical, psychological, and social factors relating to health for three SRH items, in a large ( N = 2,034) population-based sample of older adults (65 years and older) from the Australian Longitudinal Study of Aging. Results: Health perceptions were more positive for the age-comparative SRH measure, compared to the pessimistic ratings of the self-comparative measure, particularly for the oldest-old adults. Different patterns of associations between the health factors and SRH measures were found. Discussion: These r... Journal of Aging and Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1758539 Wed, 03 Sep 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1758539 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1758538&cid=s_28403_18_f&fid=28403&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F20%2F6%2F710%3Frss%3D1 Discussion: The problematic interface between formal and informal service networks could be improved by a greater understanding of microsocial- and organizational-level interactions and implementing a social model of care. (Source: Journal of Aging and Health) Journal of Aging and Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1758538 Wed, 03 Sep 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1758538 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1758537&cid=s_28403_18_f&fid=28403&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F20%2F6%2F694%3Frss%3D1 Discussion: The framework proposed provides a simple method for considering the trade-offs involved in prescribing multiple medications. It can be adapted to include additional parameters representing severity of condition, prioritization of outcomes, patient preferences, dosages, and medication interactions. Inconsistent reporting in the medical literature of data about benefits and harms of medications, dosages, and interactions constitutes its primary limitation. (Source: Journal of Aging and Health) Journal of Aging and Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1758537 Wed, 03 Sep 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1758537 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1758536&cid=s_28403_18_f&fid=28403&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F20%2F6%2F671%3Frss%3D1 This study examines whether educational differentials in functional and mental health are greater in more recent cohorts in the United States. Method: This study utilizes latent growth-curve modeling to examine intercohort trends in physical impairment and depressive symptomatology for three educational subgroups, using panel data (1986-1994) based on a national probability sample of 3,617 U.S. adults. Results: Among those with less than a high school diploma, the 8-year newer cohort demonstrated higher physical impairment at the same age, implying an unfavorable trend. College graduates and high school graduates enjoyed favorable trends in mental health, and the trends were different across age groups within certain educational groups. Discussion: This study provides evidence that the edu... Journal of Aging and Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1758536 Wed, 03 Sep 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1758536 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1758535&cid=s_28403_18_f&fid=28403&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F20%2F6%2F653%3Frss%3D1 Discussion : Socioeconomic disparities in depression persist throughout later life. Variation in impact of education on depression cross-nationally illuminates need for future research into the protective effects of early-life education. (Source: Journal of Aging and Health) Journal of Aging and Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1758535 Wed, 03 Sep 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1758535 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1758534&cid=s_28403_18_f&fid=28403&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F20%2F6%2F615%3Frss%3D1 This article critically reviews two decades of empirically based depression studies on older Asian immigrants (OAIs) in North America published in English. The Psychosocial Model of Late-Life Depression is proposed as the conceptual roadmap to help interpret the findings across studies. Methods: Using multiple bibliographic databases, this review systematically summarized and evaluated findings in 24 studies in terms of: (a) the prevalence and severity of depression; (b) demographic, psychosocial, cultural, and health risk factors of depression; and (c) methodological approaches and designs. Results: The results showed that depression is prevalent among OAIs and is linked to gender, recency of immigration, English proficiency, acculturation, service barriers, health status, relationship wi... Journal of Aging and Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1758534 Wed, 03 Sep 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1758534 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1758533&cid=s_28403_18_f&fid=28403&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F20%2F6%2F599%3Frss%3D1 Discussion: Research on health care quality may contribute to our understanding of these disparities. (Source: Journal of Aging and Health) Journal of Aging and Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1758533 Wed, 03 Sep 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1758533 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1621099&cid=s_28403_18_f&fid=28403&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F20%2F5%2F583%3Frss%3D1 Discussion: For advance directives to better reflect a person's wishes, discussions with individuals and families about advance directives should include a range of care issues in the settings of terminal illness, persistent vegetative state or end-stage illness. These documents should be reviewed periodically to make certain that they convey accurately the person's treatment preferences. (Source: Journal of Aging and Health) Journal of Aging and Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1621099 Mon, 14 Jul 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1621099 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1621098&cid=s_28403_18_f&fid=28403&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F20%2F5%2F560%3Frss%3D1 This study compares how middle-generation caregivers and non-caregivers differ by race and explores racial differences in activities of daily living (ADL), instrumental activities of daily living (IADL), and financial assistance that middle-generation caregivers provide for their parents. Method: Using 2000 Health and Retirement Study data, racially stratified descriptive analyses and logistic regression models for ADL, IADL, and financial assistance are presented. Results: Parental need and race influence support, with similar patterns of Black and White ADL support, but racial differences in IADL and financial support. Having more children motivates Whites to increase IADL support and reduce financial support; more children decreases Blacks' IADL support. Sibling caregiver networks influ... Journal of Aging and Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1621098 Mon, 14 Jul 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1621098 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1621097&cid=s_28403_18_f&fid=28403&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F20%2F5%2F545%3Frss%3D1 Discussion: Not all dimensions of religiousness have the same association with willingness to undergo potentially life-sustaining treatment. Seriously ill older, religious patients are not especially predisposed to avoid risk and resist treatment. (Source: Journal of Aging and Health) Journal of Aging and Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1621097 Mon, 14 Jul 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1621097 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1621096&cid=s_28403_18_f&fid=28403&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F20%2F5%2F526%3Frss%3D1 This study set out to examine individual differences in DMs and Cloninger's biosocial model of personality in two age groups (50—64, 65—93), as well as their influence on health. Methods: A Japanese community sample (N = 330) completed the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI-125), the Defense Style Questionnaire (DSQ-40), and the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28). Results: Across age groups, psychological well-being was related to lower levels of harm avoidance and higher levels of self-directedness. In addition, older age was related to decreases in reward dependence, cooperativeness, and increases in self-transcendence, DMs of isolation, denial, and splitting. Discussion: An Age x Gender interaction revealed that men and women varied in their pattern of age differenc... Journal of Aging and Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1621096 Mon, 14 Jul 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1621096 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1621095&cid=s_28403_18_f&fid=28403&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F20%2F5%2F504%3Frss%3D1 This study considers the relationship between low vision and function, specifically exploring whether vision loss is differentially associated with activities of daily living (ADL) versus instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) disability. Methods: Guided by the World Health Organization's International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health framework, multinomial logistic regression analyses were performed for IADL and ADL on a sample of 9,115 adults aged 65 years and above from the 1998 Health and Retirement study. Results: The data supports the fact that ADL and IADL disabilities are associated with vision loss, and there is a differential relationship among functions, with IADLs being more challenging and requiring better visual abilities. Discussion: The findings... Journal of Aging and Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1621095 Mon, 14 Jul 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1621095 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1621094&cid=s_28403_18_f&fid=28403&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F20%2F5%2F483%3Frss%3D1 This study aimed to investigate the impact of cancer from family caregivers' perspective, based on a comparative analysis of caregiving burden and distress, among four types of caregivers. Methods: The sample included caregivers of persons with cancer, dementia, diabetes, or frail elderly from a nationally representative sample of 606 caregivers. Results: Although the four different types of caregivers were comparable in most sociodemographic characteristics, caregiving involvement and caregiving outcomes differed among the caregiving groups. Both cancer and dementia caregivers reported greater levels of physical burden and psychological distress than other caregivers, after controlling for sociodemographic and caregiving involvement (i.e., level of burden and caregiving duration) factors.... Journal of Aging and Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1621094 Mon, 14 Jul 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1621094 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1408778&cid=s_28403_18_f&fid=28403&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F20%2F4%2F456%3Frss%3D1 This article provides estimates of education differentials in life expectancy with and without cognitive impairment for the noninstitutionalized population aged 70 years and older in the United States. Method: Life expectancy with cognitive impairment was calculated using multistate models, allowing transitions between cognitively intact and cognitively impaired states and from each of these states to death and allowing transition rates to vary across age and education. Four waves of the Assets and Health Dynamics of the Oldest Old survey were used. Results: Those with low levels of education are more likely to become cognitively impaired and do so at an earlier age. After age 70, persons with low educational levels can expect to live 11.6 years, and persons with high education 14.1 years,... Journal of Aging and Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1408778 Wed, 30 Apr 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1408778 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1408777&cid=s_28403_18_f&fid=28403&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F20%2F4%2F437%3Frss%3D1 Discussion: The social and community consequences of promoting dog ownership in the elderly are addressed, and it is concluded that the benefits of dog ownership should be promoted among the elderly and acknowledged by relevant agencies. (Source: Journal of Aging and Health) Journal of Aging and Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1408777 Wed, 30 Apr 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1408777 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1408776&cid=s_28403_18_f&fid=28403&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F20%2F4%2F420%3Frss%3D1 Discussion: As the older populations in the United States become more diverse, it is important to have standardized health-related quality of life measures. However, the conceptualization of physical and mental health and associations among different scales may be different for Asian immigrants than for other groups. Thus, the interpretation of the SF-36 scores needs to account for cultural differences. (Source: Journal of Aging and Health) Journal of Aging and Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1408776 Wed, 30 Apr 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1408776 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1408775&cid=s_28403_18_f&fid=28403&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F20%2F4%2F405%3Frss%3D1 This study highlights the need for early detection, proper education, and access to effective treatment options for UI in the elderly. (Source: Journal of Aging and Health) Journal of Aging and Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1408775 Wed, 30 Apr 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1408775 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1408774&cid=s_28403_18_f&fid=28403&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F20%2F4%2F385%3Frss%3D1 This article examines the trends of disability in six activities of daily living (ADLs) among Hong Kong community-dwelling older adults during the period from 1996 to 2004 by using three independent cross-sectional surveys of representative samples. Method: Logistic regression was performed to assess the association between the year of survey and the presence of any ADL limitation with a wide range of covariates. Results: We found that older adults in 2004 were more likely to report ADL disability than their counterparts in 1996, and the results would remain valid after considering the prevalence of ADL disability in nursing home residents. In addition, we found that age, education, the use of proxy, and the presence of six medical conditions were significantly related to ADL limitation. D... Journal of Aging and Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1408774 Wed, 30 Apr 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1408774 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1408773&cid=s_28403_18_f&fid=28403&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F20%2F4%2F367%3Frss%3D1 Discussion: The elevated risk of weight gain subsequent to functional decline or onset of medical comorbidities may require the receipt of preventive measures to reduce further weight-related complications. (Source: Journal of Aging and Health) Journal of Aging and Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1408773 Wed, 30 Apr 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1408773 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1290440&cid=s_28403_18_f&fid=28403&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F20%2F3%2F347%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions: Life course SED is related to cognitive function later in life. Difficulty in properly distinguishing cognitive function from test performance remains an issue. (Source: Journal of Aging and Health) Journal of Aging and Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1290440 Mon, 10 Mar 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1290440 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1290439&cid=s_28403_18_f&fid=28403&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F20%2F3%2F326%3Frss%3D1 This article examines whether race and ethnicity contribute to the differential use of caregiver support services, when controlling for caregiver and care recipient characteristics, as represented by predisposing, enabling, and need factors included in the Behavioral Model of Health Services Use. Methods: The study includes 1,508 individuals who provide care to an ill or disabled adult aged 50 or older, identified through a random digit dial telephone survey of California households. Logistic regression analysis is utilized to examine factors that predict use of caregiver support services. Results: Race and ethnicity do not contribute significantly to caregiver service utilization, when controlling for relevant covarying factors such as age, education, emotional support, family contributio... Journal of Aging and Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1290439 Mon, 10 Mar 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1290439 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1290438&cid=s_28403_18_f&fid=28403&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F20%2F3%2F306%3Frss%3D1 This study examines the effects of own and spousal disability on social and emotional loneliness among married adults aged 65 and older. Method: Data from 710 men and 379 women of a Dutch community sample were analyzed with linear regression analyses. Results: For men, only their wives' disability was related to higher levels of social loneliness, whereas for women mainly their own disability was related to higher levels of social loneliness. Own disability and spousal disability were related to higher levels of emotional loneliness among both men and women. Effects of disability remained unaffected after controlling for characteristics of the social network and the marital relationship. Discussion: Findings underscore the importance of considering effects of both spouses' health on measur... Journal of Aging and Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1290438 Mon, 10 Mar 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1290438 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1290437&cid=s_28403_18_f&fid=28403&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F20%2F3%2F290%3Frss%3D1 This study investigates how religion influences the use of alcohol and cigarettes within a large, nationally representative sample of older adults in Mexico (Mexican Health and Aging Study, N = 10,399). Results: Religious salience and participation in religious activities are both significantly associated with smoking status, but not alcohol use. Discussion: This is one of the first studies to examine these associations in a developing country. Despite cultural differences, the negative relationship between religion and smoking in Mexico corresponds to associations seen in the United States and other Western countries. This type of information may be useful to health researchers, providers, and policy makers attempting to reduce deaths due to preventable causes. (Source: Journal of Aging a... Journal of Aging and Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1290437 Mon, 10 Mar 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1290437 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1290436&cid=s_28403_18_f&fid=28403&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F20%2F3%2F273%3Frss%3D1 Discussion: Better-educated older Chinese have lower levels of distress than do their less-well-educated counterparts in part because they engage in cognitively stimulating activities, have better economic circumstances, and engage in more physical activity. (Source: Journal of Aging and Health) Journal of Aging and Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1290436 Mon, 10 Mar 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1290436 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1290435&cid=s_28403_18_f&fid=28403&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F20%2F3%2F259%3Frss%3D1 This article examines the association between frequency of going out of the house and health and functional status among older people. Method: A randomly chosen cohort of ambulatory participants born in 1920 or 1921 from the Jerusalem Longitudinal Study underwent assessments for health, functional, and psychosocial variables at ages 70 and 77. Twelve-year mortality data were collected. Results: Women went out daily less than did men. Participants going out daily at age 70 reported significantly fewer new complaints at age 77 of musculoskeletal pain, sleep problems, urinary incontinence, and decline in activities of daily living (ADLs). Logistic regression analysis indicated that not going out daily at age 70 was predictive of subsequent dependence in ADL, poor self-rated health, and urinar... Journal of Aging and Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1290435 Mon, 10 Mar 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1290435 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1244154&cid=s_28403_18_f&fid=28403&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F20%2F2%2F235%3Frss%3D1 Discussion: Our results underline the importance of cohabitation/marriage for maintaining a high functional ability among older men. (Source: Journal of Aging and Health) Journal of Aging and Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1244154 Wed, 20 Feb 2008 05:00:00 +0100 1244154 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1244153&cid=s_28403_18_f&fid=28403&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F20%2F2%2F217%3Frss%3D1 Discussion: These results substantiate prior findings of a negative relationship between physical activity and excess weight, and the lack of a relationship between social activity and BMI. (Source: Journal of Aging and Health) Journal of Aging and Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1244153 Wed, 20 Feb 2008 05:00:00 +0100 1244153 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1244152&cid=s_28403_18_f&fid=28403&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F20%2F2%2F198%3Frss%3D1 Discussion: Older White and African American persons made similar use of self-care strategies to reduce disease morbidity. African Americans without access to prescription pain relievers substituted nonprescription analgesics. A broader view of self-management is valuable for assessing the ways people may move between professionally guided care and self-care. (Source: Journal of Aging and Health) Journal of Aging and Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1244152 Wed, 20 Feb 2008 05:00:00 +0100 1244152 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1244151&cid=s_28403_18_f&fid=28403&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F20%2F2%2F183%3Frss%3D1 Discussion: Supplementation of omnibus statistics by loglinear regression modeling is especially appropriate for aging research because it facilitates tests of marginal homogeneity and comparisons of reliability results for relatively young and old subgroups. Latent class regression analysis is useful for older samples because multifactorial health conditions are often measured in multiple ways and assessment of their reliability can be integrated, granting certain assumptions, with validity assessment. (Source: Journal of Aging and Health) Journal of Aging and Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1244151 Wed, 20 Feb 2008 05:00:00 +0100 1244151 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1244150&cid=s_28403_18_f&fid=28403&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F20%2F2%2F159%3Frss%3D1 Discussion: A large proportion of EU countries enjoys steady declining trends by major unintentional injury mortality category. Success factors and barriers underlying these benchmarking patterns should be further explored to accelerate the process of injury reduction. (Source: Journal of Aging and Health) Journal of Aging and Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1244150 Wed, 20 Feb 2008 05:00:00 +0100 1244150 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1244149&cid=s_28403_18_f&fid=28403&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F20%2F2%2F143%3Frss%3D1 We examined SRH changes and trajectories among 998 African Americans 49 to 65 years old who we reinterviewed annually for 4 years, using multinomial logistic regression and mixed effect models. Results: Fifty-five percent had the same SRH at baseline and 4 years later, 25% improved, and 20% declined. Over time, men were more likely to report lower SRH levels, individuals with hypertension were less likely to report lower SRH levels, and those with congestive heart failure at baseline were more likely to report higher SRH levels. Lower SRH trajectory intercepts were observed for those with lower socioeconomic status, poorer health habits, disease history, and worse functional status. Those with better cognitive status had higher SRH trajectory intercepts. Discussion: The decline in SRH leve... Journal of Aging and Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1244149 Wed, 20 Feb 2008 05:00:00 +0100 1244149 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1205660&cid=s_28403_18_f&fid=28403&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F20%2F1%2F126%3Frss%3D1 Discussion: The maximal societal benefit will be achieved by screening at younger ages because of competing causes of mortality among older people. Gender and ethnicity should be considered in individual decisions to stop screening at a given age. (Source: Journal of Aging and Health) Journal of Aging and Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1205660 Tue, 05 Feb 2008 05:00:00 +0100 1205660 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1205659&cid=s_28403_18_f&fid=28403&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F20%2F1%2F107%3Frss%3D1 Discussion: Low-income, older persons are significantly more likely to have lost a loved one or close friend, be burdened by extensive caregiving demands for someone else, be more socially isolated, and live in lower quality housing. These risk exposures, in turn, largely account for the prospective link between income and health. (Source: Journal of Aging and Health) Journal of Aging and Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1205659 Tue, 05 Feb 2008 05:00:00 +0100 1205659 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1205658&cid=s_28403_18_f&fid=28403&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F20%2F1%2F89%3Frss%3D1 This study explores detailed knowledge of medical terminology and connotations of equivocal phrases frequently used in advance care planning. Method: One hundred seventy community-dwelling older adults answered yes-or-no questions about their knowledge of medical conditions and treatments and completed a written questionnaire about their connotations of ambiguous phrases such as "live like a vegetable." Results: On average, participants answered 78% of all factual questions correctly; however, accuracy ranged from 59% to 94% across individuals. Participants knew the most about basic treatment purposes and procedures and the least about treatment outcomes. Perceptions of equivocal phrases were idiosyncratic, even for conventional terms such as improvement. Discussion: Older adults approach ... Journal of Aging and Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1205658 Tue, 05 Feb 2008 05:00:00 +0100 1205658 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1205657&cid=s_28403_18_f&fid=28403&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F20%2F1%2F66%3Frss%3D1 Discussion: Supply factors appear related to discharge decisions in a manner affecting the probability of discharges due to death, although the magnitude of the relationship may be less than expected. (Source: Journal of Aging and Health) Journal of Aging and Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1205657 Tue, 05 Feb 2008 05:00:00 +0100 1205657 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1205656&cid=s_28403_18_f&fid=28403&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F20%2F1%2F32%3Frss%3D1 This study suggests that correlates and mental health consequences of aging anxiety differ across sources of concern. (Source: Journal of Aging and Health) Journal of Aging and Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1205656 Tue, 05 Feb 2008 05:00:00 +0100 1205656 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1205655&cid=s_28403_18_f&fid=28403&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F20%2F1%2F3%3Frss%3D1 This study compares various dimensions of physical and emotional health between older Mexican-origin individuals in the United States and in Mexico. Method: The samples are drawn from the Mexican Health and Aging Study (MHAS) and the Hispanic Established Epidemiologic Study of the Elderly (H-EPESE) and include 3,875 Mexican residents with no history of residence in the United States and 2,734 Mexican-origin individuals 65 and older who live in the southwestern United States. Results: Both immigrant and native-born Mexican-origin elders in the United States report more chronic conditions than elderly Mexicans, but they report fewer symptoms of psychological distress. Longer residence in the United States is associated with higher body mass index scores. Discussion: The discussion addresses ... Journal of Aging and Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1205655 Tue, 05 Feb 2008 05:00:00 +0100 1205655 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1120082&cid=s_28403_18_f&fid=28403&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F19%2F6%2F1025%3Frss%3D1 Discussion: It is important for practitioners and clinicians to recognize that the way many old persons view their time use and their psychological well-being may be more salient than their physical health as old persons consider the value of their lives. As Lawton and colleagues suggested,"health is not the only determinant of VOL and decrement not the only direction of change." (Source: Journal of Aging and Health) Journal of Aging and Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1120082 Fri, 28 Dec 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1120082 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1120081&cid=s_28403_18_f&fid=28403&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F19%2F6%2F1004%3Frss%3D1 Discussion: Life-course exposures predict mobility, but further research is needed to identify intervening factors relating gender to mobility in old age. (Source: Journal of Aging and Health) Journal of Aging and Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1120081 Fri, 28 Dec 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1120081 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1120080&cid=s_28403_18_f&fid=28403&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F19%2F6%2F985%3Frss%3D1 Discussion: Few studies have addressed longitudinal analysis of the TTM for exercise adoption. Most constructs from the TTM were useful in explaining exercise adoption in older sedentary women. (Source: Journal of Aging and Health) Journal of Aging and Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1120080 Fri, 28 Dec 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1120080 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1120079&cid=s_28403_18_f&fid=28403&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F19%2F6%2F965%3Frss%3D1 Discussion: The findings confirm the ability of fear of falling to predict falls but challenge preexisting models developed to account for the relationship between falls and fear. The findings also suggest limits on the generalizability of fear—avoidance models of pain. The authors conclude by suggesting mechanisms that could account for the relationship of fears with falls and pain. Unlike previous conceptualizations, these mechanisms do not rely on activity avoidance as an explanation. (Source: Journal of Aging and Health) Journal of Aging and Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1120079 Fri, 28 Dec 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1120079 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1120078&cid=s_28403_18_f&fid=28403&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F19%2F6%2F946%3Frss%3D1 This study examined relationships between self-efficacy beliefs in three distinct domains of caregiving and cumulative health risk associated with health behavior patterns. Results: Higher levels of self-efficacy for Obtaining Respite and self-efficacy for Controlling Upsetting Thoughts were found to be related to reduced health risk. Discussion: These findings suggest that caregivers who believe that they can remove themselves from the stresses of caregiving and who can manage the distorted cognitions often associated with caregiving may experience tangible benefits in health behaviors and, ultimately, improved physical health. (Source: Journal of Aging and Health) Journal of Aging and Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1120078 Fri, 28 Dec 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1120078 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1120077&cid=s_28403_18_f&fid=28403&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F19%2F6%2F921%3Frss%3D1 Discussion: The authors conclude that the nature of sexual expression in later life reflects the interplay of body, mind, and social context. (Source: Journal of Aging and Health) Journal of Aging and Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1120077 Fri, 28 Dec 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1120077 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1120076&cid=s_28403_18_f&fid=28403&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F19%2F6%2F907%3Frss%3D1 This study assesses the impact of number and quality of family ties on the health and well-being of elderly people. Method: Measures of the quantity and quality of family ties, adjusting for gender, education, and income, were correlated with the self-rating of health and well-being of a sample of 534 married parents between 68 and 73 years of age. Results: The quality of an individual's relationships with spouse, children, and other family members was associated with personal feelings of well-being, but the quantity of such associations had little impact on either physical or psychological health. Discussion: Researchers and those working with elderly people should not assume that the presence of family members necessarily implies that social support affecting physical health and well-bei... Journal of Aging and Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1120076 Fri, 28 Dec 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1120076 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1120075&cid=s_28403_18_f&fid=28403&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F19%2F6%2F888%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions: The findings have implications for the quality of care delivered by the American health care system. (Source: Journal of Aging and Health) Journal of Aging and Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1120075 Fri, 28 Dec 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1120075 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1120074&cid=s_28403_18_f&fid=28403&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F19%2F6%2F871%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions: These findings demonstrate caregivers' vulnerability to the effects of stressors across three dimensions of health and also underscore the importance of subjective appraisals of stress. (Source: Journal of Aging and Health) Journal of Aging and Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1120074 Fri, 28 Dec 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1120074 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=848990&cid=s_28403_18_f&fid=28403&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F19%2F5%2F851%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion: Coping planning facilitates improvement of physical exercise. Implications of age differences in planning are discussed. (Source: Journal of Aging and Health) Journal of Aging and Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=848990 Fri, 07 Sep 2007 04:00:00 +0100 848990 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=848989&cid=s_28403_18_f&fid=28403&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F19%2F5%2F831%3Frss%3D1 Discussion: Although increasing diversity in the older population will probably result in higher rates of obesity in the future, increasingly sedentary lives and the uncertain impact of smoking cessation on weight outweigh population composition effects. More research is needed on the impact of lifestyle behaviors on the American population. (Source: Journal of Aging and Health) Journal of Aging and Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=848989 Fri, 07 Sep 2007 04:00:00 +0100 848989 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=848988&cid=s_28403_18_f&fid=28403&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F19%2F5%2F813%3Frss%3D1 This study investigated whether (a) pain is associated with increases in negative exchanges and decreases in positive exchanges and (b) negative exchanges play a greater role than positive exchanges in accounting for the association between pain and depressive symptomatology. Methods: Data were derived from the Later Life Study of Social Exchanges, a longitudinal survey of noninstitutionalized older adults. Interviews assessed participants' sociodemographic and biopsychosocial characteristics, as well as their interactions with network members. Results: Pain was significantly associated with negative exchanges, and both pain and negative exchanges predicted greater depressive symptomatology over time. Positive social exchanges, however, were not related to either pain or depression. Discus... Journal of Aging and Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=848988 Fri, 07 Sep 2007 04:00:00 +0100 848988 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=848987&cid=s_28403_18_f&fid=28403&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F19%2F5%2F792%3Frss%3D1 Discussion: The findings from this study provide a basis for devising interventions to help older people cope more effectively with the effects of traumatic events that have arisen in their lives. (Source: Journal of Aging and Health) Journal of Aging and Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=848987 Fri, 07 Sep 2007 04:00:00 +0100 848987 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=848986&cid=s_28403_18_f&fid=28403&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F19%2F5%2F778%3Frss%3D1 Discussion: Dissatisfaction with dental appearance was common in this population-based sample of middle-aged and older adults, and was significantly associated with key sociodemographic and oral health factors. (Source: Journal of Aging and Health) Journal of Aging and Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=848986 Fri, 07 Sep 2007 04:00:00 +0100 848986 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=848985&cid=s_28403_18_f&fid=28403&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F19%2F5%2F757%3Frss%3D1 Discussion: Findings illustrate not only the role women play as providers of the majority of informal care to veterans but also the substantial role adult sons have in providing support to their fathers. Many veterans are at risk of institutionalization by having no one to provide instrumental support and health monitoring. (Source: Journal of Aging and Health) Journal of Aging and Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=848985 Fri, 07 Sep 2007 04:00:00 +0100 848985 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=848984&cid=s_28403_18_f&fid=28403&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F19%2F5%2F742%3Frss%3D1 Discussion: Personal knowledge gained from DXAs increased perceived susceptibility to osteoporosis, calcium intake, and use of osteoporosis preventing medications and appears to be an effective intervention in promoting OPB in younger postmenopausal women. (Source: Journal of Aging and Health) Journal of Aging and Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=848984 Fri, 07 Sep 2007 04:00:00 +0100 848984 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=848983&cid=s_28403_18_f&fid=28403&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F19%2F5%2F723%3Frss%3D1 This article explores psychosocial variables associated with illness and age-related losses during old age. Method: The study is cross-sectional and comprised 999 people aged 65 and older. The variables included health problems and limitations, self-perceptions of health, optimism, and quality of life. Results: In general, people aged 80+ years show high prevalence of health problems and disability, good self-perception of health, and quality of life. However, among the oldest age group, those in better health were more optimistic, but more problems meant lower self-perception of health, quality of life, and optimism. Discussion: This does not fully confirm the disability paradox (high disability and high optimism and self-perception of quality of life). The dual-process coping model helps... Journal of Aging and Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=848983 Fri, 07 Sep 2007 04:00:00 +0100 848983 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=782210&cid=s_28403_18_f&fid=28403&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F19%2F4%2F705%3Frss%3D1 This study examines correlates and predictors of sexual HIV risk reported by a sample of midlife and older women (M age = 56.01 years, SD = 4.34). Methods: In sum, 1,280 participants were recruited from primary health clinics and a hospital emergency department. Results: Of those women in a heterosexual relationship (n = 623), 73% reported having vaginal sex in the past 6 months. Only 12% of these women reported always using a condom during vaginal sex; 45% reported having been tested for HIV. Logistic regression analyses revealed that condom use is associated with more education, being employed, living with a partner, and being HIV positive. HIV testing is associated with being younger, unemployed, and not living with a partner. Discussion: These results (a) demonstrate that midlife and o... Journal of Aging and Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=782210 Mon, 06 Aug 2007 04:00:00 +0100 782210 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=782209&cid=s_28403_18_f&fid=28403&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F19%2F4%2F683%3Frss%3D1 Discussion: Respondents from this sample appear to hold lay explanations of diabetes that are similar to those of their peers in developed nations. Findings are discussed, including the caveat that these mostly male, relatively educated, and urban-residing adults with diabetes are not necessarily representative of Nepali society. (Source: Journal of Aging and Health) Journal of Aging and Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=782209 Mon, 06 Aug 2007 04:00:00 +0100 782209 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=782208&cid=s_28403_18_f&fid=28403&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F19%2F4%2F659%3Frss%3D1 This article explores the relationship between age and social support. Previous research on the relationship has reached inconsistent conclusions. Methods: Three theories are tested using the Americans' Changing Lives survey. Results: The likelihood of reporting no close friends or confidants increases with age, and role changes (such as the growing likelihood of living alone) account for much of this increase. Yet these cases are exceptional, and in general, the number of friends and confidants stays the same. Moreover, evaluations of support become more positive with age, and loneliness declines. Discussion: Improvements in perceived support appear to be premised on psychological processes rather than role changes: They occur despite changes in the environment and independent of how indi... Journal of Aging and Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=782208 Mon, 06 Aug 2007 04:00:00 +0100 782208 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=782207&cid=s_28403_18_f&fid=28403&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjah.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F19%2F4%2F646%3Frss%3D1 Discussion: Although the years 25 to 44 are considered a critical age for HIV risk, older substance users have similar levels of risk for HIV/AIDS. However, older users may not understand how some behaviors contribute to HIV risk. (Source: Journal of Aging and Health) Journal of Aging and Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=782207 Mon, 06 Aug 2007 04:00:00 +0100 782207