MedWorm.com provides a medical RSS filtering service. Over 6000 RSS medical sources are combined and output via different filters. This feed contains the latest items from the 'Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy' source. Thu, 09 Feb 2012 21:35:00 +0100 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5674642&cid=s_32011_77_f&fid=32011&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjac.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F67%2F3%2F786%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy) Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5674642 Thu, 09 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5674642 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5674641&cid=s_32011_77_f&fid=32011&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjac.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F67%2F3%2F785%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy) Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5674641 Thu, 09 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5674641 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5674640&cid=s_32011_77_f&fid=32011&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjac.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F67%2F3%2F783%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy) Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5674640 Thu, 09 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5674640 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5674639&cid=s_32011_77_f&fid=32011&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjac.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F67%2F3%2F782%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy) Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5674639 Thu, 09 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5674639 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5674638&cid=s_32011_77_f&fid=32011&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjac.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F67%2F3%2F780%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy) Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5674638 Thu, 09 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5674638 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5674637&cid=s_32011_77_f&fid=32011&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjac.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F67%2F3%2F778%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy) Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5674637 Thu, 09 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5674637 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5674636&cid=s_32011_77_f&fid=32011&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjac.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F67%2F3%2F776%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy) Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5674636 Thu, 09 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5674636 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5674635&cid=s_32011_77_f&fid=32011&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjac.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F67%2F3%2F775%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy) Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5674635 Thu, 09 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5674635 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5674634&cid=s_32011_77_f&fid=32011&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjac.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F67%2F3%2F771%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy) Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5674634 Thu, 09 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5674634 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5674633&cid=s_32011_77_f&fid=32011&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjac.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F67%2F3%2F770%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy) Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5674633 Thu, 09 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5674633 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5674632&cid=s_32011_77_f&fid=32011&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjac.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F67%2F3%2F768%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy) Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5674632 Thu, 09 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5674632 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5674631&cid=s_32011_77_f&fid=32011&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjac.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F67%2F3%2F763%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions National cultural dimensions, especially uncertainty avoidance and masculinity, appear to have a very significant impact on inappropriate antibiotic use within European countries. Nevertheless, their influence can be reduced by making EU citizens more knowledgeable about antibiotics through appropriate messages and targeted campaigns. (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy) Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5674631 Thu, 09 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5674631 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5674630&cid=s_32011_77_f&fid=32011&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjac.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F67%2F3%2F756%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions Despite the challenges encountered in a Third World environment, an antibiotic IVOST guideline can be successfully implemented. Continual, active integration of the guideline into daily practice by a ward pharmacist is essential if positive IVOST outcomes are to be maintained. (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy) Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5674630 Thu, 09 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5674630 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5674629&cid=s_32011_77_f&fid=32011&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjac.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F67%2F3%2F749%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions The approach used in this study remains a feasible method of evaluating the burden of SSIs using repeated prevalence surveys. The results provide evidence of a significant decreasing trend in the SSI rate following the infection control intervention. Furthermore, our study underlines the need to develop evidence-based guidelines in collaboration with surgeons, to achieve consensus before implementation in order to improve compliance with antimicrobial prophylaxis and, finally, decrease SSI rates. (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy) Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5674629 Thu, 09 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5674629 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5674628&cid=s_32011_77_f&fid=32011&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjac.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F67%2F3%2F742%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions Antibiotic use increases the risk for CDI during therapy and in the period of 3 months after cessation of antibiotic therapy. The highest risk for CDI was found during and in the first month after antibiotic use. Our study will aid clinicians to identify high-risk patients. (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy) Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5674628 Thu, 09 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5674628 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5674627&cid=s_32011_77_f&fid=32011&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjac.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F67%2F3%2F736%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions A higher teicoplanin MIC value (>1.5 mg/L) may predict an unfavourable outcome and higher mortality rate among teicoplanin-treated MRSA bacteraemic patients. (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy) Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5674627 Thu, 09 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5674627 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5674626&cid=s_32011_77_f&fid=32011&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjac.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F67%2F3%2F727%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions The incidence of thrombocytopenia was low and did not differ significantly among vancomycin and linezolid patients. (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy) Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5674626 Thu, 09 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5674626 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5674625&cid=s_32011_77_f&fid=32011&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjac.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F67%2F3%2F723%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions Supratherapeutic vancomycin trough levels, high body mass index and receipt of intravenous contrast dye prior to telavancin therapy were associated with acute renal insufficiency. (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy) Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5674625 Thu, 09 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5674625 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5674624&cid=s_32011_77_f&fid=32011&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjac.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F67%2F3%2F715%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions Patients with mucormycosis treated with deferasirox had a higher mortality rate at 90 days. Population imbalances in this small Phase II study make generalizable conclusions difficult. Nevertheless, these data do not support a role for initial, adjunctive deferasirox therapy for mucormycosis. (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy) Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5674624 Thu, 09 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5674624 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5674623&cid=s_32011_77_f&fid=32011&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjac.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F67%2F3%2F707%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions Candida bloodstream infection is associated with high mortality, despite timely receipt of appropriate antifungal therapy. (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy) Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5674623 Thu, 09 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5674623 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5674622&cid=s_32011_77_f&fid=32011&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjac.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F67%2F3%2F700%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions Our study confirms the large variability in voriconazole trough plasma levels in children and a trend to non-linear pharmacokinetics in older patients. In addition, doses significantly higher than those recommended in younger children seem warranted and a significant relationship between plasma voriconazole above the normal range and some adverse events is confirmed. (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy) Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5674622 Thu, 09 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5674622 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5674621&cid=s_32011_77_f&fid=32011&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjac.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F67%2F3%2F696%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions In real-world clinical practice, telbivudine resulted in higher rates of HBeAg seroconversion and drug resistance at week 48 compared with entecavir. A combination with baseline ALT plus 24 week HBV DNA levels led to the lowest rates of resistance in HBeAg-positive telbivudine-naive patients and had the highest probability of HBeAg seroconversion in both entecavir- and telbivudine-naive patients. (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy) Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5674621 Thu, 09 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5674621 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5674620&cid=s_32011_77_f&fid=32011&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjac.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F67%2F3%2F691%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions The MONOI study establishes darunavir/ritonavir monotherapy as durable and efficacious for maintaining virological suppression in HIV-1 patients. Darunavir/ritonavir monotherapy should be considered as a (tailored) treatment option for standard triple-therapy patients who have had a substantial period of viral suppression. (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy) Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5674620 Thu, 09 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5674620 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5674619&cid=s_32011_77_f&fid=32011&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjac.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F67%2F3%2F685%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions In the SENSE trial, first-line treatment with 400 mg of etravirine once daily plus two nucleoside analogues led to fewer grade 3 or 4 lipid elevations compared with efavirenz plus two nucleoside analogues. (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy) Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5674619 Thu, 09 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5674619 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5674618&cid=s_32011_77_f&fid=32011&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjac.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F67%2F3%2F681%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions Our results show that intracellular etravirine levels were similar with both dosing regimens in patients with PI-sparing regimens, while etravirine plasma AUC0– and Cmax were 30% and 76% higher with the once-daily regimen, respectively. Thus, a once-daily dosing regimen is supported not only by plasma etravirine pharmacokinetic profiles but also by intracellular levels. (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy) Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5674618 Thu, 09 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5674618 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5674617&cid=s_32011_77_f&fid=32011&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjac.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F67%2F3%2F675%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions Plasma efavirenz concentrations can persist up to 3 weeks after patients stop efavirenz-containing regimens. This suggests a strategy of stopping efavirenz only 1 week before NRTIs may not be long enough for some individuals. The use of lopinavir/ritonavir monotherapy for a 4 week period may be an alternative pharmacologically and virologically effective universal stopping strategy which warrants further investigation. (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy) Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5674617 Thu, 09 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5674617 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5674616&cid=s_32011_77_f&fid=32011&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjac.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F67%2F3%2F671%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions Once daily coadministration of 300 mg of maraviroc with 800/100 mg of darunavir/ritonavir was well tolerated and had favourable pharmacokinetics when compared with 300 mg of maraviroc twice daily with 245 mg of tenofovir/200 mg of emtricitabine. A 24% higher Ctrough and 107% higher Cpeak was seen in black patients compared with white patients. (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy) Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5674616 Thu, 09 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5674616 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5674615&cid=s_32011_77_f&fid=32011&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjac.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F67%2F3%2F666%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions This study suggests that the newer triazoles have potential in the treatment of chromoblastomycosis caused by C. carrionii. (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy) Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5674615 Thu, 09 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5674615 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5674614&cid=s_32011_77_f&fid=32011&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjac.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F67%2F3%2F661%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions Doripenem is a potential monotherapy for the treatment of meningitis due to Gram-negative microorganisms. (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy) Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5674614 Thu, 09 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5674614 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5674613&cid=s_32011_77_f&fid=32011&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjac.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F67%2F3%2F652%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions hVISA might escape detection in clinical samples if they are subcultured before susceptibility tests. (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy) Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5674613 Thu, 09 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5674613 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5674612&cid=s_32011_77_f&fid=32011&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjac.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F67%2F3%2F638%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions Resistance patterns varied widely depending on bacterial species, antibiotics, hosts and region. Resistance varied among countries, particularly for older antimicrobials, but clinical resistance to newer antibiotics used to treat foodborne disease in humans was generally very low. In the absence of resistance to newer compounds in E. coli and Salmonella, the apparent decreased susceptibility should be monitored. (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy) Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5674612 Thu, 09 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5674612 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5674611&cid=s_32011_77_f&fid=32011&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjac.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F67%2F3%2F633%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions Sulfamethoxazole inhibited the growth of clinical isolates of M. tuberculosis at achievable concentrations in plasma after oral administration. Susceptibility to sulfamethoxazole remained constant over a 12 year period. Trimethoprim was inactive against M. tuberculosis and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole provided no additional activity. Although the current and prior studies demonstrate that sulfamethoxazole is active against M. tuberculosis the search needs to continue for more active, lipid-soluble sulphonamides that are better absorbed into tissues and have improved therapeutic efficacy. (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy) Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5674611 Thu, 09 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5674611 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5674610&cid=s_32011_77_f&fid=32011&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjac.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F67%2F3%2F622%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions Higher resistance rates reported due to breakpoint changes in CLSI and EUCAST guidelines will result in increasing numbers of Gram-negative bacilli reported as multidrug resistant. AST reports classifying amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, cefepime or carbapenem resistance will lead clinicians to use alternative agents. Upon implementation of the EUCAST guidelines, laboratories should be aware of the implications of modified drug susceptibility testing reports on antibiotic prescription policies. (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy) Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5674610 Thu, 09 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5674610 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5674609&cid=s_32011_77_f&fid=32011&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjac.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F67%2F3%2F618%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions Promising antibiofilm activity was displayed by eugenol and cinnamaldehyde, which also showed synergy with fluconazole in vitro. Further evaluation in in vivo systems is required to determine whether these findings can be exploited in treating biofilm-associated candidiasis. (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy) Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5674609 Thu, 09 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5674609 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5674608&cid=s_32011_77_f&fid=32011&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjac.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F67%2F3%2F609%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions The fluorescence ACBP assay can be effectively used to screen known drugs or other compound libraries. Novel anti-Cryptosporidium activity was observed in four top CpACBP1 inhibitors, which may be further investigated for their potential to be repurposed to treat cryptosporidiosis and to serve as leads for drug development. (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy) Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5674608 Thu, 09 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5674608 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5674607&cid=s_32011_77_f&fid=32011&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjac.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F67%2F3%2F600%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions With regard to chloroquine there is regional variation in the selection pressure on the P. falciparum population in India. These findings will help the regional implementation of drug policy in India's malaria control programme. (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy) Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5674607 Thu, 09 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5674607 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5674606&cid=s_32011_77_f&fid=32011&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjac.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F67%2F3%2F589%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions Whilst we confirm production of ROS in response to ciprofloxacin, we have no data to support the hypothesis that this leads to selection of MDR strains. Our results indicate that the mutations in tctA and glgA were random as they did not pre-exist in the parental strain, and that the mutation in tctA did not provide a survival advantage or disadvantage in the presence of antibiotic. (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy) Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5674606 Thu, 09 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5674606 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5674605&cid=s_32011_77_f&fid=32011&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjac.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F67%2F3%2F582%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions The usage of cephalosporins for slaughter pigs may increase the prevalence of ESC E. coli in slaughter pigs. Meat may be a source of ESCs in humans, especially imported broiler meat. Selective enrichment should be considered as a supplementary surveillance method. (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy) Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5674605 Thu, 09 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5674605 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5674604&cid=s_32011_77_f&fid=32011&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjac.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F67%2F3%2F578%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions This study demonstrates that blaCTX-M-15-carrying plasmids from cattle-derived non-ST131 E. coli isolates were highly similar to those found in ST131 E. coli isolates commonly reported in humans. It also exemplifies the key role of plasmids versus clonal dissemination in the spread of the blaCTX-M-15 gene among cattle, and possibly between E. coli isolates detected in humans and cattle. (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy) Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5674604 Thu, 09 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5674604 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5674603&cid=s_32011_77_f&fid=32011&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjac.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F67%2F3%2F573%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions As seen in other British studies, blaCTX-M has become the predominant ESBL type in Glasgow, Scotland. The PFGE results show that four different CTX-M groups appear to be circulating in the community and within all four hospitals in the locality. There is little correlation between strain genotype and CTX-M group, thus it is unlikely that cross-infection alone is the driver. It is possible that plasmid migration of CTX-M genes within the E. coli population is occurring. (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy) Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5674603 Thu, 09 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5674603 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5674602&cid=s_32011_77_f&fid=32011&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjac.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F67%2F3%2F569%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions This work shows cell density-dependent expression of adeB, adeJ, AciBau_2436, carO and oprD genes, suggesting a role of global regulatory mechanisms in the expression of these genes in A. baumannii ATCC 19606. (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy) Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5674602 Thu, 09 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5674602 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5674601&cid=s_32011_77_f&fid=32011&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjac.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F67%2F3%2F559%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions These results show that tomatidine is an aminoglycoside potentiator that also acts as an anti-virulence agent targeting both antibiotic-susceptible and antibiotic-resistant S. aureus. (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy) Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5674601 Thu, 09 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5674601 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5674600&cid=s_32011_77_f&fid=32011&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjac.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F67%2F3%2F551%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions While hospital-acquired E. faecalis in Europe remains susceptible to ampicillin and glycopeptides, the high prevalence of strains that are highly resistant to aminoglycosides excludes these antibiotics from combination therapies. Genotyping revealed that nosocomial infections by multiresistant E. faecalis are largely caused by only a few hospital-associated clones. (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy) Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5674600 Thu, 09 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5674600 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5674599&cid=s_32011_77_f&fid=32011&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjac.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F67%2F3%2F541%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions Evidence supports second- or third-generation cephalosporins for cardiac surgery prophylaxis and points at a possible advantage of prophylaxis prolongation up to 48 h post-operatively. (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy) Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5674599 Thu, 09 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5674599 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5674598&cid=s_32011_77_f&fid=32011&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjac.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F67%2F3%2F530%3Frss%3D1 Macrolides are known to possess immunomodulatory properties, next to their antimicrobial effects. These immunomodulatory activities have been proven beneficial in chronic pulmonary inflammatory diseases. Whether macrolides also exert favourable immunomodulatory effects during acute inflammation, and therefore can act as adjuvant therapy in community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), is less clear. We aimed to give an overview of the existing evidence from in vitro and in vivo studies on the immunomodulatory effects of macrolides during CAP. A comprehensive search in the PubMed/MEDLINE and Embase databases was performed. Two investigators independently examined the eligible literature. Studies that dealt with the effects of macrolides on the immune response, in terms of cytokine secretion and the n... Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5674598 Thu, 09 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5674598 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5674597&cid=s_32011_77_f&fid=32011&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjac.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F67%2F3%2F523%3Frss%3D1 Recent discoveries have highlighted the influence of host genomics on hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection outcomes. As a result, our views on hepatitis C pathogenesis and therapeutic approaches have been transformed. The recognition of the impact of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the genes interleukin 28B (IL28B), inosine triphosphatase (ITPA) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol receptor (LDLR) may lead to refinements in the pharmacogenomic prediction of antiviral response and drug-related toxicities and favour the discovery of new therapeutic targets for hepatitis C. Although the relevance of host genetics may be less in the setting of very potent new direct-acting antivirals (DAAs), genetic markers may continue to aid decision making regarding the length of therapy. Moreover... Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5674597 Thu, 09 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5674597 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5674596&cid=s_32011_77_f&fid=32011&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjac.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F67%2F3%2F521%3Frss%3D1 is a controversial area. Recent systematic reviews and meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials have concluded that surgical site infection can be reduced by prolonging prophylaxis for 24–48 h. Also, post-operative pneumonia and all-cause mortality can be reduced by giving agents with both anti-Gram-negative and anti-Gram-positive activity. The choice of the most appropriate regimen remains open to debate. (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy) Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5674596 Thu, 09 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5674596 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5674595&cid=s_32011_77_f&fid=32011&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjac.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F67%2F3%2F519%3Frss%3D1 Mucormycosis can be devastating and, as yet, there are no ideal therapies available. Observations that iron chelation may be a useful adjunct to antifungal treatment encouraged Spellberg et al. (J Antimicrob Chemother 2012; 715–22) to undertake a trial of deferasirox combined with liposomal amphotericin B (AmBisome®) as short-term therapy for mucormycosis. The results were disappointing as patients treated with deferasirox had a higher mortality rate at 90 days, leading the authors to conclude that the data did not support a role for initial, adjunctive deferasirox therapy for mucormycosis. We review the issues arising from this study to help decide whether the evidence that now exists supports further studies or represents the end of this line of enquiry. (Source: Journal of Ant... Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5674595 Thu, 09 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5674595 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5594016&cid=s_32011_77_f&fid=32011&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjac.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F67%2F2%2F518%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy) Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5594016 Tue, 10 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5594016 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5594015&cid=s_32011_77_f&fid=32011&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjac.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F67%2F2%2F517%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy) Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5594015 Tue, 10 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5594015 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5594014&cid=s_32011_77_f&fid=32011&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjac.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F67%2F2%2F515-a%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy) Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5594014 Tue, 10 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5594014 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5594013&cid=s_32011_77_f&fid=32011&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjac.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F67%2F2%2F515%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy) Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5594013 Tue, 10 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5594013 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5594012&cid=s_32011_77_f&fid=32011&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjac.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F67%2F2%2F514%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy) Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5594012 Tue, 10 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5594012 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5594011&cid=s_32011_77_f&fid=32011&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjac.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F67%2F2%2F513%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy) Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5594011 Tue, 10 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5594011 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5594010&cid=s_32011_77_f&fid=32011&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjac.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F67%2F2%2F512%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy) Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5594010 Tue, 10 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5594010 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5594009&cid=s_32011_77_f&fid=32011&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjac.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F67%2F2%2F510%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy) Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5594009 Tue, 10 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5594009 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5594008&cid=s_32011_77_f&fid=32011&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjac.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F67%2F2%2F509%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy) Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5594008 Tue, 10 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5594008 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5594007&cid=s_32011_77_f&fid=32011&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjac.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F67%2F2%2F508%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy) Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5594007 Tue, 10 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5594007 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5594006&cid=s_32011_77_f&fid=32011&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjac.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F67%2F2%2F505%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy) Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5594006 Tue, 10 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5594006 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5594005&cid=s_32011_77_f&fid=32011&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjac.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F67%2F2%2F503%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy) Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5594005 Tue, 10 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5594005 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5594004&cid=s_32011_77_f&fid=32011&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjac.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F67%2F2%2F494%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions While the potential exists for serotonin toxicity to occur with concomitant use of linezolid and serotonergic agents, the risk appears to be low. Based on the large database of Phase III and IV studies included in our analysis, we did not find enough evidence to conclude that linezolid-induced serotonin toxicity was different from that of comparators. (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy) Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5594004 Tue, 10 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5594004 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5594003&cid=s_32011_77_f&fid=32011&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjac.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F67%2F2%2F488%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions Our data suggested that, in addition to primary surgery, fluoroquinolones or third-generation cephalosporins plus minocycline are the best option for antibiotic treatment of NF caused by V. vulnificus. (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy) Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5594003 Tue, 10 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5594003 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5594002&cid=s_32011_77_f&fid=32011&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjac.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F67%2F2%2F478%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions Antibiotics prescribed at the first GP consultation for an RTI may protect against subsequent hospital presentation for pneumonia or empyema in some children. Given the strong rationale against unnecessary antibiotic prescribing, further research is needed to identify which children are most likely to benefit from early antibiotic treatment. (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy) Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5594002 Tue, 10 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5594002 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5594001&cid=s_32011_77_f&fid=32011&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjac.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F67%2F2%2F473%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions The combination of linezolid, moxifloxacin and thioridazine is recommended for compassionate use in specialized centres with expertise in the management of XDR-TB. (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy) Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5594001 Tue, 10 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5594001 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5594000&cid=s_32011_77_f&fid=32011&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjac.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F67%2F2%2F469%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions Rifampicin systemic exposure increased during combined TB and HIV therapy, possibly due to increased drug absorption or decreased oral clearance, but remained invariably low in this population. Studies to define the Cmax rifampicin concentrations, which are associated with a significantly increased risk of treatment failure, are urgently warranted. (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy) Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5594000 Tue, 10 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5594000 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5593999&cid=s_32011_77_f&fid=32011&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjac.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F67%2F2%2F465%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions Atazanavir (300 mg once daily) and lopinavir (400 mg twice daily), each with low-dose ritonavir, achieved similar IQs in HIV-infected, treatment-naive patients. These results are supportive of the main clinical finding of the CASTLE Study, that the atazanavir/ritonavir-based regimen is non-inferior in antiviral efficacy to the lopinavir/ritonavir-based regimen in antiretroviral-naive subjects. (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy) Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5593999 Tue, 10 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5593999 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5593998&cid=s_32011_77_f&fid=32011&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjac.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F67%2F2%2F460%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions The pharmacokinetics of raltegravir in HIV-1-infected subjects are characterized not only by inter-patient variability but also by high intra-patient variability. This condition limits the application of TDM for raltegravir, and might potentially affect patient outcome. (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy) Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5593998 Tue, 10 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5593998 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5593997&cid=s_32011_77_f&fid=32011&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjac.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F67%2F2%2F452%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions This is the first study demonstrating the protective effect of ascorbic acid against colistin-induced nephrotoxicity and tubular apoptosis. Co-administration of ascorbic acid has the potential to increase the therapeutic index of colistin. (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy) Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5593997 Tue, 10 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5593997 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5593996&cid=s_32011_77_f&fid=32011&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjac.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F67%2F2%2F444%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions NS5-targeting shRNA (shN8010) had very significant antiviral activity in both cultured cells and the mouse model of JEV infection. (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy) Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5593996 Tue, 10 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5593996 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5593995&cid=s_32011_77_f&fid=32011&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjac.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F67%2F2%2F440%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions Treatment of Leishmania-infected hamsters with miltefosine reverses the Th2-type response into a strong Th1-type immune response. (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy) Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5593995 Tue, 10 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5593995 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5593994&cid=s_32011_77_f&fid=32011&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjac.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F67%2F2%2F433%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions Our results show that combinations of ciprofloxacin or linezolid with rifampicin have a good effect on E. faecalis biofilms in vitro. These combinations should be considered for testing in humans with early joint prosthesis infections with E. faecalis. (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy) Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5593994 Tue, 10 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5593994 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5593993&cid=s_32011_77_f&fid=32011&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjac.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F67%2F2%2F430%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions L-AMB (1000 mg/L) lock solutions strongly inhibited Candida spp. in young and mature biofilms for up to 48 h after the end of the lock. However, overall eradication of the biofilm was not obtained using 1000 mg/L L-AMB as a single lock. These results suggest the usefulness of systemic treatment combined with an L-AMB lock to control Candida spp. biofilms associated with catheters. (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy) Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5593993 Tue, 10 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5593993 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5593992&cid=s_32011_77_f&fid=32011&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjac.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F67%2F2%2F422%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions At clinically achievable concentrations only B0C significantly inhibited COMT activity and increased CE concentrations. Short-term exposure did not alter the rate of cancer cell growth. Confirmation is needed to determine the clinical impact of long-term exposure to and the use of echinocandins with catechol functional groups. (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy) Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5593992 Tue, 10 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5593992 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5593991&cid=s_32011_77_f&fid=32011&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjac.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F67%2F2%2F415%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions Aminobenzimidazole inhibitors of GyrB exhibit many of the characteristics required for their consideration as a potential front-line antimycobacterial therapeutic. (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy) Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5593991 Tue, 10 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5593991 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5593990&cid=s_32011_77_f&fid=32011&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjac.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F67%2F2%2F404%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions We have developed a simple and rapid method for screening antimycobacterial drugs in culture and in macrophages. The use of autoluminescent bacteria also facilitates the determination of growth and inhibition kinetics. The method is cost-effective, can easily be adapted to a larger scale and is amenable to automation. Current efforts are directed towards applying this technology to drug screening in vivo. (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy) Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5593990 Tue, 10 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5593990 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5593989&cid=s_32011_77_f&fid=32011&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjac.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F67%2F2%2F398%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions We discovered a group of quinolin-8-ol derivatives that can induce latent HIV-1 in a primary cell model without causing global T cell activation. This work expands the number of latency-reversing agents and provides new possible scaffolds for further drug development research. (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy) Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5593989 Tue, 10 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5593989 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5593988&cid=s_32011_77_f&fid=32011&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjac.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F67%2F2%2F387%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions All the compounds assayed were active in vitro against the two Leishmania species and were less toxic against mammalian cells than the reference drug, but the monosubstituted compounds were significantly more effective and less toxic than their disubstituted counterparts. (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy) Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5593988 Tue, 10 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5593988 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5593987&cid=s_32011_77_f&fid=32011&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjac.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F67%2F2%2F375%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions E. histolytica has few known resistance mechanisms against drugs. In this study, we showed that aside from EhMGL downregulation, induction of EhBspA1 plays a role in trifluoromethionine resistance. We also showed a unique set of induced genes that could represent the signature profile of trifluoromethionine resistance in E. histolytica. (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy) Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5593987 Tue, 10 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5593987 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5593986&cid=s_32011_77_f&fid=32011&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjac.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F67%2F2%2F367%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions The prevalence of mutations associated with antifolate resistance is low in Mauritania. Further studies are required to determine the roles of pvmdr1 mutations and gene amplification in conferring drug resistance. These data will serve as a baseline for further monitoring of drug-resistant malaria. (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy) Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5593986 Tue, 10 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5593986 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5593985&cid=s_32011_77_f&fid=32011&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjac.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F67%2F2%2F362%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions We report for the first time from India the occurrence of TR/L98H mutations in the cyp51A gene (responsible for reduced azole susceptibility) in two A. fumigatus isolates from patients with chronic respiratory disease who had not previously been exposed to azoles. The presence of TR/L98H is consistent with a route of resistance development through exposure to azole compounds in the environment. Given the emergence of azole resistance in environmental strains, continued surveillance of resistance in clinical A. fumigatus strains is desirable for successful therapy of aspergillosis. (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy) Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5593985 Tue, 10 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5593985 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5593984&cid=s_32011_77_f&fid=32011&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjac.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F67%2F2%2F357%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions This study confirmed the presence of PER-1-producing P. aeruginosa strains in Greece. The chromosomal location of blaPER-1, as part of a truncated transposon, suggests clonal expansion rather than horizontal gene transfer. (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy) Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5593984 Tue, 10 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5593984 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5593983&cid=s_32011_77_f&fid=32011&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjac.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F67%2F2%2F346%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions ST131 isolates are well established in the wider UPEC population. This clone is still evolving and we further support suggestions that it represents a real threat to health. We suggest that ST127 is a recently emerged, community-associated, virulent clone that warrants further study. (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy) Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5593983 Tue, 10 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5593983 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5593982&cid=s_32011_77_f&fid=32011&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjac.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F67%2F2%2F339%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions These findings demonstrate that inc point mutations can be associated with increased copy number of a 100 kb IncI1 plasmid, and lead to increased blaCMY-2 expression and piperacillin/tazobactam resistance. (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy) Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5593982 Tue, 10 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5593982 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5593981&cid=s_32011_77_f&fid=32011&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjac.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F67%2F2%2F335%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions Transposons that target a specific position in comM play an important role in the import of antibiotic resistance genes into members of both of the globally disseminated A. baumannii clones. The organization of the A320/RUH134 island differs from the AbaR3 type. (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy) Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5593981 Tue, 10 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5593981 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5593980&cid=s_32011_77_f&fid=32011&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjac.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F67%2F2%2F330%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions Tetracycline resistance could be a good marker for MRSA CC398, although this resistance can also be found in other lineages. (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy) Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5593980 Tue, 10 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5593980 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5593979&cid=s_32011_77_f&fid=32011&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjac.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F67%2F2%2F326%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions Over a 5 year period, the proportion of MRSA infections in pets appears low (<2%) in France, but the distribution of the clones mostly mirrors the epidemiology of human invasive clones. These data highlight the role of pets as both victims and reservoirs of endemic, epidemic and/or invasive MRSA. (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy) Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5593979 Tue, 10 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5593979 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5593978&cid=s_32011_77_f&fid=32011&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjac.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F67%2F2%2F322%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of the new florfenicol exporter gene fexB. Based on its plasmid location, horizontal transfer from the enterococci to other bacteria is possible. (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy) Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5593978 Tue, 10 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5593978 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5593977&cid=s_32011_77_f&fid=32011&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjac.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F67%2F2%2F312%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions We found that initiation of antiretroviral therapy with very low CD4 lymphocyte counts is consistently associated with poorer outcomes of HAART. This effect could be modulated by HBV/HCV coinfection, but not by the individual components of the HAART regimen. (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy) Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5593977 Tue, 10 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5593977 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5593976&cid=s_32011_77_f&fid=32011&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjac.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F67%2F2%2F299%3Frss%3D1 The advent of combination antiretroviral treatment has had a profound impact on CNS HIV infection and its clinical complications, but neurological impairment still occurs in patients on systemically effective combination therapy, and in some patients it may be important to consider antiretroviral drug entry and effects within the CNS. There are now data on the CNS exposure for most antiretroviral drugs. This review focuses on the CNS pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of antiretroviral drugs in humans, and also discusses controversies in this field. (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy) Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5593976 Tue, 10 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5593976 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5593975&cid=s_32011_77_f&fid=32011&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjac.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F67%2F2%2F290%3Frss%3D1 Clofazimine, a lipophilic riminophenazine antibiotic, possesses both antimycobacterial and anti-inflammatory activities. However, its efficacy has been demonstrated only in the treatment of leprosy, not in human tuberculosis, despite the fact that this agent is impressively active in vitro against multidrug-resistant strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Recent insights into novel targets and mechanisms of antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activity coupled with the acquisition of innovative drug delivery technologies have, however, rekindled interest in clofazimine as a potential therapy for multidrug- and extensively multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in particular, as well as several autoimmune diseases. The primary objective of this review is to critically evaluate these recent develop... Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5593975 Tue, 10 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5593975 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5593974&cid=s_32011_77_f&fid=32011&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjac.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F67%2F2%2F269%3Frss%3D1 The BSAC guidelines on treatment of infectious endocarditis (IE) were last published in 2004. The guidelines presented here have been updated and extended to reflect developments in diagnostics, new trial data and the availability of new antibiotics. The aim of these guidelines, which cover both native valve and prosthetic valve endocarditis, is to standardize the initial investigation and treatment of IE. An extensive review of the literature using a number of different search criteria has been carried out and cited publications used to support any changes we have made to the existing guidelines. Publications referring to in vitro or animal models have only been cited if appropriate clinical data are not available. Randomized, controlled trials suitable for the development of evidenced-ba... Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5593974 Tue, 10 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5593974 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5593973&cid=s_32011_77_f&fid=32011&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjac.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F67%2F2%2F255%3Frss%3D1 Fosfomycin has attracted renewed interest for the treatment of lower urinary tract and even systemic infections caused by Gram-negative pathogens with resistance to traditionally used agents. The main concern regarding the clinical utility of fosfomycin refers to the potential for the emergence of resistance during therapy. In this review, we evaluate the available published evidence regarding the mechanisms and the frequency of in vitro mutational resistance to fosfomycin in Gram-negative pathogens. We also review data regarding the emergence of resistance in clinical studies of fosfomycin therapy in various infectious syndromes and data from studies that evaluate the evolution of fosfomycin resistance over time. There appears to be discordance between the high frequency of mutational res... Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5593973 Tue, 10 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5593973 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5501728&cid=s_32011_77_f&fid=32011&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjac.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F67%2F1%2F252%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy) Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5501728 Mon, 12 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5501728 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5501727&cid=s_32011_77_f&fid=32011&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjac.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F67%2F1%2F250%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy) Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5501727 Mon, 12 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5501727 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5501726&cid=s_32011_77_f&fid=32011&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjac.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F67%2F1%2F249%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy) Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5501726 Mon, 12 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5501726 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5501725&cid=s_32011_77_f&fid=32011&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjac.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F67%2F1%2F246%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy) Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5501725 Mon, 12 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5501725 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5501724&cid=s_32011_77_f&fid=32011&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjac.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F67%2F1%2F244%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy) Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5501724 Mon, 12 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5501724 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5501723&cid=s_32011_77_f&fid=32011&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjac.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F67%2F1%2F243%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy) Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5501723 Mon, 12 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5501723 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5501722&cid=s_32011_77_f&fid=32011&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjac.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F67%2F1%2F242%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy) Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5501722 Mon, 12 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5501722 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5501721&cid=s_32011_77_f&fid=32011&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjac.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F67%2F1%2F240%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy) Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5501721 Mon, 12 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5501721 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5501720&cid=s_32011_77_f&fid=32011&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjac.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F67%2F1%2F239%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy) Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5501720 Mon, 12 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5501720 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5501719&cid=s_32011_77_f&fid=32011&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjac.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F67%2F1%2F236%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy) Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5501719 Mon, 12 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5501719 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5501718&cid=s_32011_77_f&fid=32011&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjac.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F67%2F1%2F234%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy) Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5501718 Mon, 12 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5501718 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5501717&cid=s_32011_77_f&fid=32011&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjac.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F67%2F1%2F230%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions Neither moxifloxacin nor cefuroxime produced significant attenuation of the inflammatory cytokine response to CPB. The reasons why moxifloxacin did not have significant anti-inflammatory effects in this unique clinical situation may be: (i) the inflammatory response to CPB may be different from that of infectious disease states that were used to establish the immunomodulatory effects of moxifloxacin; and (ii) a single intravenous dose, which was used in this investigation, may not lead to high enough plasma and intracellular concentrations. (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy) Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5501717 Mon, 12 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5501717 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5501716&cid=s_32011_77_f&fid=32011&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjac.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F67%2F1%2F226%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions This study confirms that exposure to moxifloxacin is equivalent for oral and intravenous administration of 400 mg dosages in healthy volunteers who underwent gastric bypass surgery. But these exposures were more than 50% higher than those described for subjects without gastric bypass. This may suggest a higher enterohepatic recirculation of moxifloxacin after gastric bypass. (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy) Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5501716 Mon, 12 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5501716 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5501715&cid=s_32011_77_f&fid=32011&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjac.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F67%2F1%2F222%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions Our study revealed that M. abscessus complex isolates, particularly M. massiliense, should be considered potential pathogens causing CNS infections. Long-duration clarithromycin-based combination therapy plus surgical intervention may provide the best chance of cure. (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy) Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5501715 Mon, 12 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5501715 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5501714&cid=s_32011_77_f&fid=32011&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjac.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F67%2F1%2F218%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions Treatment with raltegravir in HTLV-1-infected individuals does not result in a significant reduction of proviral load beyond 6 months of therapy. The lack of continuous viral replication cycles in chronic HTLV-1 carriers most likely explains our findings. (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy) Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5501714 Mon, 12 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5501714 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5501713&cid=s_32011_77_f&fid=32011&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjac.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F67%2F1%2F213%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions Residual viraemia assessed by kPCR was not associated with virological rebound during 1 year of follow-up. However, the patients attaining <1 HIV RNA copy/mL showed a small but statistically significant improvement in CD4+ cell recovery. (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy) Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5501713 Mon, 12 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5501713 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5501712&cid=s_32011_77_f&fid=32011&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjac.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F67%2F1%2F206%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions After 14 days of maraviroc intensification, small increases in cerebral metabolite markers of neuronal integrity (NAA/Cr ratios) were observed and are associated with maraviroc plasma Ctrough. (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy) Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5501712 Mon, 12 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5501712 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5501711&cid=s_32011_77_f&fid=32011&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjac.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F67%2F1%2F202%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions The IL-28B genotype impacts on viral kinetics during the first week of treatment with PEG-IFN/RBV in patients with HCV genotype 1/4. (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy) Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5501711 Mon, 12 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5501711 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5501710&cid=s_32011_77_f&fid=32011&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjac.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F67%2F1%2F191%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions Tigecycline, besides its antimicrobial activity, exerts an important modulatory effect on MMP-9, accelerating wound healing in staphylococcal-infected burns. (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy) Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5501710 Mon, 12 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5501710 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5501709&cid=s_32011_77_f&fid=32011&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjac.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F67%2F1%2F182%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions Upon comparison of each MI compound, MI-4-NO2 was clearly the compound with the greatest activity in these two in vivo infection models by each administration route tested. (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy) Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5501709 Mon, 12 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5501709 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5501708&cid=s_32011_77_f&fid=32011&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjac.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F67%2F1%2F174%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions Pet dogs are a potential household source of antimicrobial-resistant Salmonella spp. and E. coli. However, extrapolating the epidemiology of antimicrobial resistance in pathogens, like Salmonella, from E. coli should be done with caution. (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy) Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5501708 Mon, 12 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5501708 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5501707&cid=s_32011_77_f&fid=32011&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjac.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F67%2F1%2F170%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions Our study confirms an increasing rate of resistance to levofloxacin that equals that of clarithromycin in our healthcare area. This fact may reflect a wide and indiscriminate use of the former antibiotic and could account for a loss of clinical effectiveness of levofloxacin-containing regimens. Moreover, clarithromycin resistance rates remain stable, which could allow us to maintain its use in our area. (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy) Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5501707 Mon, 12 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5501707 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5501706&cid=s_32011_77_f&fid=32011&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjac.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F67%2F1%2F167%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions The results of this study confirm the activity of tedizolid against linezolid-resistant staphylococci. This new oxazolidinone could have an important role as a potential therapeutic agent against multidrug-resistant staphylococci. (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy) Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5501706 Mon, 12 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5501706 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5501705&cid=s_32011_77_f&fid=32011&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjac.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F67%2F1%2F159%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions EUCAST non-susceptible breakpoints for ceftazidime and cefpodoxime detect more ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae isolates compared with corresponding CLSI ESBL screening breakpoints. Implementation of the cefepime DAM can facilitate ESBL screening, especially in strains producing an AmpC β-lactamase since the test shows high sensitivity and specificity. (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy) Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5501705 Mon, 12 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5501705 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5501704&cid=s_32011_77_f&fid=32011&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjac.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F67%2F1%2F154%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions The MGIT 960/TB eXiST appears suitable for quantitative DST of NTM. (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy) Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5501704 Mon, 12 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5501704 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5501703&cid=s_32011_77_f&fid=32011&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjac.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F67%2F1%2F149%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions The developed method is simple, rapid and reproducible, and requires relatively small amounts of drug. It can be used to perform both high-resolution microscopic analysis of the topography and architecture of biofilms, and evaluation of their antifungal susceptibility. (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy) Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5501703 Mon, 12 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5501703 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5501702&cid=s_32011_77_f&fid=32011&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjac.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F67%2F1%2F138%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions The four SCCs described here, including their development as NP therapies, show great promise for treating a wide variety of bacterial and fungal pathogens that are not easily killed by routine antimicrobial agents. (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy) Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5501702 Mon, 12 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5501702 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5501701&cid=s_32011_77_f&fid=32011&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjac.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F67%2F1%2F130%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions Tigecycline, by functioning as a Ca2+ ionophore, and independent of antimicrobial activity, potentiates the pro-inflammatory functions of human neutrophils in vitro. (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy) Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5501701 Mon, 12 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5501701 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5501700&cid=s_32011_77_f&fid=32011&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjac.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F67%2F1%2F123%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions S. aureus toxins stimulate production of inflammatory cytokines in PBMCs. Antimicrobials with high tissue penetration, including tigecycline, clindamycin, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole and linezolid, reduced cytokine production, which, along with their antimicrobial effects, may have importance in the therapeutic outcome of severe infections. (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy) Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5501700 Mon, 12 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5501700 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5501699&cid=s_32011_77_f&fid=32011&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjac.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F67%2F1%2F115%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions Although plasmids are the main cause of the rapid dissemination of ampC genes among bacteria, we need to be aware that other mobile genetic elements such as integrative and conjugative elements (ICEs) can be involved in the mobilization of these genes. (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy) Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5501699 Mon, 12 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5501699 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5501698&cid=s_32011_77_f&fid=32011&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjac.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F67%2F1%2F111%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions This study describes two resistance regions localized on the bacterial chromosome of a clonal lineage of STM and monophasic STM that are widespread in Italy. (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy) Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5501698 Mon, 12 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5501698 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5501697&cid=s_32011_77_f&fid=32011&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjac.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F67%2F1%2F101%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions This study indicates that fluoroquinolone-resistant Salmonella are prevalent in imported food. Double mutations in gyrA and a loss of ramR were associated with high-level quinolone resistance in multidrug-resistant Salmonella Schwarzengrund strain 75. (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy) Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5501697 Mon, 12 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5501697 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5501696&cid=s_32011_77_f&fid=32011&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjac.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F67%2F1%2F91%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions The observation that the multiresistance ICEPmu1 is present in a bovine P. multocida and can easily spread across strain and genus boundaries underlines the risk of a rapid dissemination of multiple resistance genes, which will distinctly decrease the therapeutic options. (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy) Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5501696 Mon, 12 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5501696 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5501695&cid=s_32011_77_f&fid=32011&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjac.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F67%2F1%2F84%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions The observation that 12 resistance genes, organized in two resistance gene regions, represent part of an ICE in P. multocida underlines the risk of simultaneous acquisition of multiple resistance genes via a single horizontal gene transfer event. (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy) Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5501695 Mon, 12 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5501695 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5501694&cid=s_32011_77_f&fid=32011&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjac.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F67%2F1%2F74%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions The plasmid pUUH239.2 is a composite of the pKPN3 K. pneumoniae plasmid backbone and the blaCTX-M-15-encoding multiresistance cassette associated with the internationally recognized outbreak strain E. coli ST131. The resulting plasmid differs in stability between K. pneumoniae and E. coli, and this has probably limited the spread of this plasmid during the outbreak. (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy) Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5501694 Mon, 12 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5501694 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5501693&cid=s_32011_77_f&fid=32011&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjac.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F67%2F1%2F69%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions A large proportion of E. coli strains phenotypically devoid of antibiotic resistance were plasmid naive. Those isolates that harboured plasmids displayed replicon types similar to those of resistant isolates, but the distributions of STs and STCs were different. This may indicate chromosomally encoded mechanisms important for the stabilization of plasmids harbouring antibiotic resistance. (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy) Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5501693 Mon, 12 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5501693 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5501692&cid=s_32011_77_f&fid=32011&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjac.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F67%2F1%2F64%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions We characterized an ESAC β-lactamase selected in vivo and conferring a high level of resistance to fourth-generation cephalosporins in E. aerogenes. The broadened spectrum was caused by a new modification to the H-10 helix, which modified the active site. (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy) Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5501692 Mon, 12 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5501692 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5501691&cid=s_32011_77_f&fid=32011&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjac.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F67%2F1%2F59%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions This is the first report showing ISAba16-mediated inactivation of the blaOXA-132 gene in strain Ab244. The resistance to carbapenems in strain Ab244 is related to the acquisition of the blaOXA-58 gene, here governed by an ISAba3-like element. (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy) Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5501691 Mon, 12 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5501691 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5501690&cid=s_32011_77_f&fid=32011&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjac.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F67%2F1%2F49%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions Our results identify amino acid derivatives of MOP as potential anti-HCV agents and suggest that their combination with IFN-α might offer an alternative strategy for the control of HCV replication. (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy) Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5501690 Mon, 12 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5501690 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5501689&cid=s_32011_77_f&fid=32011&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjac.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F67%2F1%2F39%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions The rtS117F substitution served as a compensatory mutation for rtM204I. Emergence of the rtS117F mutation in lamivudine-resistant patients carrying rtM204I was associated with increased hepatitis activities. Prior existence of the rtN124D substitution was associated with liver decompensation upon development of the rtM204I mutation. (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy) Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5501689 Mon, 12 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5501689 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5501688&cid=s_32011_77_f&fid=32011&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjac.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F67%2F1%2F32%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions This cell-based non-infectious phenotypic method with a well-understood molecular mechanism was highly reliable and comparable to other widely used assays. The method can be used for both phenotyping of HIV-1 viral isolates resistant to protease inhibitors and screening of new protease inhibitors. (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy) Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5501688 Mon, 12 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5501688 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5501687&cid=s_32011_77_f&fid=32011&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjac.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F67%2F1%2F25%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions Comparing genotypic assays for HIV-1 co-receptor use with a cell-culture phenotypic assay could provide more reliable results of sensitivity and specificity for the detection of X4 strains than comparing them with recombinant assays, considered as gold standard. In general, except for subtype F isolates, there is a good correlation for tropism prediction. (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy) Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5501687 Mon, 12 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5501687 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5501686&cid=s_32011_77_f&fid=32011&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjac.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F67%2F1%2F17%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions Our meta-analysis suggests that administration of vancomycin for the treatment of Gram-positive infections by CoI is associated with a significantly lower risk of nephrotoxicity when compared with InI of the drug. RCTs are needed to define the impact on mortality rate and on the pharmacodynamic activity in terms of AUC/MIC ratio. (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy) Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5501686 Mon, 12 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5501686 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5501685&cid=s_32011_77_f&fid=32011&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjac.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F67%2F1%2F12%3Frss%3D1 Patients with moderate to severe infections are given less than maximum empirical antibiotic treatment in order to reduce the rise in resistance. This practice involves two ethical dilemmas: whether the danger to a present patient should be increased (even if by a small degree) to benefit future, unidentified patients; and whether this should be done without the consent of the patient, disregarding the patient's autonomy. We argue that future patients have a right to come to no harm. Future patients being unidentified, practitioners of medicine have a duty to protect their rights and weigh them against the rights of the present patient. A decision on the collective (guidelines, decision support systems) is a convenient way to do that. Using a temporal discount rate to show that the life of... Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5501685 Mon, 12 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5501685 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5501684&cid=s_32011_77_f&fid=32011&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjac.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F67%2F1%2F4%3Frss%3D1 Fifty years ago methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) first revealed themselves to the medical community, having been described in a landmark article published in the British Medical Journal. Among other things, their discovery set off a major response from the scientific and medical professions to control or even eliminate them as major human pathogens. Despite these efforts, however, MRSA have spread throughout the world and a half century after they burst upon the scene they continue to pose major challenges to research scientists and clinicians alike. In a very real sense, this year marks the ‘birthday’ of a remarkably successful pathogen. The major reasons for the ability of MRSA to prosper and cause disease in settings inimical to its survival form the basis ... Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5501684 Mon, 12 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5501684 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5501683&cid=s_32011_77_f&fid=32011&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjac.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F67%2F1%2F1%3Frss%3D1 Recent media coverage of New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase (NDM-1) put antibiotic resistance back on the political map if only for the wrong reasons, mainly the reaction to the naming of NDM-1 and the incorrect assumption that medical tourism was being deliberately targeted. However, work on NDM-1 has most certainly highlighted the rapid dissemination of new antibiotic resistance mechanisms via economic globalization. The example of NDM-1 has also magnified the desperate need for a publicly funded global antibiotic surveillance system rather than just national or regional systems. Furthermore, there is a pressing need to establish a global task force to enforce international transparency and accountability on antibiotic stewardship and the implementation of measures to curb antibiotic res... Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5501683 Mon, 12 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5501683 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5418523&cid=s_32011_77_f&fid=32011&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjac.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F66%2F12%2F2897%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy) Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5418523 Mon, 14 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5418523 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5418522&cid=s_32011_77_f&fid=32011&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjac.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F66%2F12%2F2895%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy) Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5418522 Mon, 14 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5418522 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5418521&cid=s_32011_77_f&fid=32011&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjac.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F66%2F12%2F2893%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy) Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5418521 Mon, 14 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5418521 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5418519&cid=s_32011_77_f&fid=32011&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjac.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F66%2F12%2F2891-a%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy) Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5418519 Mon, 14 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5418519 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5418518&cid=s_32011_77_f&fid=32011&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjac.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F66%2F12%2F2891%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy) Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5418518 Mon, 14 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5418518 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5418517&cid=s_32011_77_f&fid=32011&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjac.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F66%2F12%2F2888%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy) Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5418517 Mon, 14 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5418517 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5418516&cid=s_32011_77_f&fid=32011&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjac.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F66%2F12%2F2887%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy) Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5418516 Mon, 14 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5418516 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5418515&cid=s_32011_77_f&fid=32011&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjac.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F66%2F12%2F2880%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions Antifungal drug use in the ICU is associated with major changes in the distribution and drug susceptibility of Candida spp. (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy) Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5418515 Mon, 14 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5418515 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5418514&cid=s_32011_77_f&fid=32011&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjac.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F66%2F12%2F2872%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions During its first 3 years, the French public campaign accelerated a pre-existing decrease in ambulatory antibiotic prescriptions. The decrease in consultation rates suggests that altered illness behaviour of patients may have contributed to the observed decline. The persistently high prescribing rates for certain RTIs show that further effort is needed to improve antibiotic prescribing in France. (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy) Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5418514 Mon, 14 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5418514 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5418513&cid=s_32011_77_f&fid=32011&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjac.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F66%2F12%2F2864%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions Our interventions did not lead to a higher proportion of CAP patients receiving guideline-compliant therapy. Instead, a compliance decrease was observed, coinciding with the peak in the A/H1N1 pandemic in the population. Similar observations could be made in ZOL. The widespread attention for this pandemic may have altered the perception of needed antibiotic therapy for pulmonary infections, bypassing our interventions and decreasing actual guideline compliance. Increased vigilance and follow-up is needed when epidemics with similar impact occur in the future. (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy) Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5418513 Mon, 14 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5418513 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5418512&cid=s_32011_77_f&fid=32011&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjac.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F66%2F12%2F2856%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions Antibiotic use is common among long-term care residents, variable across institutions, and may benefit from focused antimicrobial stewardship interventions to standardize treatment indications and duration. (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy) Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5418512 Mon, 14 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5418512