MedWorm.com provides a medical RSS filtering service. Over 6000 RSS medical sources are combined and output via different filters. This feed contains the latest items from the 'Journal of Biosciences' source. Fri, 27 Jan 2012 14:25:26 +0100 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5452774&cid=s_37331_61_f&fid=37331&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22116271%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Radhakrishna S, Sinha A PMID: 22116271 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Journal of Biosciences) Journal of Biosciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5452774 Tue, 29 Nov 2011 00:51:59 +0100 5452774 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5452773&cid=s_37331_61_f&fid=37331&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22116272%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Narendran TC PMID: 22116272 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Journal of Biosciences) Journal of Biosciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5452773 Tue, 29 Nov 2011 00:51:50 +0100 5452773 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5452772&cid=s_37331_61_f&fid=37331&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22116273%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Kochhar R PMID: 22116273 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Journal of Biosciences) Journal of Biosciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5452772 Tue, 29 Nov 2011 00:51:41 +0100 5452772 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5452771&cid=s_37331_61_f&fid=37331&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22116274%26dopt%3DAbstract What history tells us XXVI. From Mechnikov to proteotoxicity: Ageing as the result of an intoxication. J Biosci. 2011 Dec;36(5):769-72 Authors: Morange M PMID: 22116274 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Journal of Biosciences) Journal of Biosciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5452771 Tue, 29 Nov 2011 00:51:31 +0100 5452771 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5452770&cid=s_37331_61_f&fid=37331&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22116275%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, a potent fibrinolytic enzyme-producing bacterium was isolated from soybean flour and identified as Bacillus subtilis K42 and assayed in vitro for its thrombolytic potential. The molecular weight of the purified enzyme was 20.5 kDa and purification increased its specific activity 390-fold with a recovery of 14%. Maximal activity was attained at a temperature of 40 degree C (stable up to 65 degree C) and pH of 9.4 (range: 6.5 - 10.5). The enzyme retained up to 80% of its original activity after pre-incubation for a month at 4 degree C with organic solvents such as diethyl ether (DE), toluene (TO), acetonitrile (AN), butanol (BU), ethyl acetate (EA), ethanol (ET), acetone (AC), methanol (ME), isopropanol (IP), diisopropyl fluorophosphate (DFP), tosyl-lysyl- chloromethylketose (... Journal of Biosciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5452770 Tue, 29 Nov 2011 00:51:21 +0100 5452770 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5452769&cid=s_37331_61_f&fid=37331&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22116276%26dopt%3DAbstract The membranotropic activity of N-terminal peptides from the pore-forming proteins sticholysin I and II is modulated by hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions as well as lipid composition. J Biosci. 2011 Dec;36(5):781-91 Authors: Roa U, Pedrera L, Diaz D, Karam JC, Sudbrack TP, Valiente PA, Martinez D, Cilli EM, Pazos F, Itri R, Lanio ME, Schreier S, Alvarez C Abstract The sea anemone Stichodactyla helianthus produces two pore-forming proteins, sticholysins I and II (St I and St II). Despite their high identity (93%), these toxins exhibit differences in hemolytic activity that can be related to those found in their N-terminal. To clarify the contribution of the N-terminal amino acid residues to the activity of the toxins, we synthesized peptides spanning residues 1-31 of... Journal of Biosciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5452769 Tue, 29 Nov 2011 00:51:11 +0100 5452769 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5452768&cid=s_37331_61_f&fid=37331&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22116277%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Sharma A, Vijayan M Abstract Dimeric banana lectin and calsepa, tetrameric artocarpin and octameric heltuba are mannose-specific beta-prism I fold lectins of nearly the same tertiary structure. MD simulations on individual subunits and the oligomers provide insights into the changes in the structure brought about in the protomers on oligomerization, including swapping of the N-terminal stretch in one instance. The regions that undergo changes also tend to exhibit dynamic flexibility during MD simulations. The internal symmetries of individual oligomers are substantially retained during the calculations. Energy minimization and simulations were also carried out on models using all possible oligomers by employing the four different protomers. The unique dimerization pattern ... Journal of Biosciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5452768 Tue, 29 Nov 2011 00:51:00 +0100 5452768 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5452767&cid=s_37331_61_f&fid=37331&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22116278%26dopt%3DAbstract We report studies on loss of heme at or below pH 3.0 from two clinically important hemoglobin variants, HbE and HbS, in the presence and absence of phopholipid membranes. The kinetics of heme loss has been studied at pH 3.0 to simulate the same at a faster rate than at physiological pH, for spectroscopic investigation. Results obtained from the study clearly establish the probable fate of the lost heme to partition into the phospholipid bilayer independent of the pH range. This is also of particular importance to membranes containing the aminophospholipid and cholesterol which are predominantly localized in the inner leaflet of erythrocytes. Absorption measurements indicated such loss of heme when the Soret peak at 415 nm blue-shifted to 380 nm at pH 3.0. The extent of this blue shift decr... Journal of Biosciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5452767 Tue, 29 Nov 2011 00:50:50 +0100 5452767 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5452766&cid=s_37331_61_f&fid=37331&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22116279%26dopt%3DAbstract A factor in a wild isolated Neurospora crassa strain enables a chromosome segment duplication to suppress repeat-induced point mutation. J Biosci. 2011 Dec;36(5):817-21 Authors: Ramakrishnan M, Sowjanya TN, Raj KB, Kasbekar DP Abstract Repeat-induced point mutation (RIP) is a sexual stage-specific mutational process of Neurospora crassa and other fungi that alters duplicated DNA sequences. Previous studies from our laboratory showed that chromosome segment duplications (Dps) longer than (approx.) 300 kbp can dominantly suppress RIP, presumably by titration of the RIP machinery, and that although Dps less than 200 kbp did not individually suppress RIP, they could do so in homozygous and multiply heterozygous crosses, provided the sum of the duplicated DNA exceeds (approx.) 3... Journal of Biosciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5452766 Tue, 29 Nov 2011 00:50:40 +0100 5452766 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5452765&cid=s_37331_61_f&fid=37331&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22116280%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Thurow HS, Haack R, Hartwig FP, Oliveira IO, Dellagostin OA, Gigante DP, Horta BL, Collares T, Seixas FK Abstract Arg72Pro SNP of p53 has been associated with many types of cancer as well as with survival and longevity. We evaluated the Arg72Pro SNP frequencies of a Brazilian birth cohort and their association with current, demographic and birth epidemiological parameters available. In 1982, all hospital births of Pelotas, southern Brazil, were identified and studied prospectively. In 2004-5, blood samples were collected and DNA extracted. PCR-RFLP was used to genotype the Arg72Pro SNP in 3794 individual samples of the Brazil birth cohort and DNA sequencing was performed to confirm the genotypes. The genotype distribution, which was in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, showed a ... Journal of Biosciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5452765 Tue, 29 Nov 2011 00:50:30 +0100 5452765 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5452764&cid=s_37331_61_f&fid=37331&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22116281%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Suttisrisung S, Senapin S, Withyachumnarnkul B, Wongprasert K Abstract A legume-type lectin (L-Lectin) gene of the red algae Gracilaria fisheri (GFL) was cloned by rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE). The full-length cDNA of GFL was 1714 bp and contained a 1542 bp open reading frame encoding 513 amino acids with a predicted molecular mass of 56.5 kDa. Analysis of the putative amino acid sequence with NCBI-BLAST revealed a high homology (30-68%) with legume-type lectins (L-lectin) from Griffithsia japonica, Clavispora lusitaniae, Acyrthosiphon pisum, Tetraodon nigroviridis and Xenopus tropicalis. Phylogenetic relationship analysis showed the highest sequence identity to a glycoprotein of the red algae Griffithsia japonica (68%) (GenBank number AAM93989). Conserved Domai... Journal of Biosciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5452764 Tue, 29 Nov 2011 00:50:20 +0100 5452764 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5452763&cid=s_37331_61_f&fid=37331&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22116282%26dopt%3DAbstract Wolbachia endosymbiont infection in two Indian butterflies and female-biased sex ratio in the Red Pierrot, Talicada nyseus. J Biosci. 2011 Dec;36(5):845-50 Authors: Ankola K, Brueckner D, Puttaraju HP Abstract The maternally inherited obligate bacteria Wolbachia is known to infect various lepidopteran insects. However, so far only a few butterfly species harbouring this bacterium have been thoroughly studied. The current study aims to identify the infection status of these bacteria in some of the commonly found butterfly species in India. A total of nine butterfly species belonging to four different families were screened using PCR with Wolbachia-specific wsp and ftsZ primers. The presence of the Wolbachia super group 'B' in the butterflies Red Pierrot, Talicada nyseus (Gue... Journal of Biosciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5452763 Tue, 29 Nov 2011 00:50:10 +0100 5452763 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5452762&cid=s_37331_61_f&fid=37331&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22116283%26dopt%3DAbstract This study shows that ventilation rates of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus (L.), correlate with the rate of feeding resumption, following transfer to a novel social-isolation aquarium. Therefore, ventilation rate (VR) indicates coping styles; consequently, VR is a proxy for the way fish will deal with environmental challenges. PMID: 22116283 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Journal of Biosciences) Journal of Biosciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5452762 Tue, 29 Nov 2011 00:50:01 +0100 5452762 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5452761&cid=s_37331_61_f&fid=37331&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22116284%26dopt%3DAbstract A two-step genetic study on quantitative precursors of coronary artery disease in a homogeneous Indian population: Case-control association discovery and validation by transmission-disequilibrium test. J Biosci. 2011 Dec;36(5):857-68 Authors: Mallik S, Majumder PP Abstract In spite of its strong familiality, gene identification for coronary artery disease (CAD) has not yielded a consistent picture. One major reason for this is that families or cases and controls were not recruited from a homogeneous population. We, therefore, attempted to map genes underlying 10 quantitative traits (QTs) that are known precursors of CAD in a homogeneous population (Marwari) of India. The QTs are apolipoprotein B (ApoB), C-reactive protein (CRP), fibrinogen (FBG), homocysteine (HCY), lipopro... Journal of Biosciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5452761 Tue, 29 Nov 2011 00:49:52 +0100 5452761 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5452760&cid=s_37331_61_f&fid=37331&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22116285%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Lee DS, Park WS, Heo SJ, Cha SH, Kim D, Jeon YJ, Park SG, Seo SK, Choi JS, Park SJ, Shim EB, Choi IW, Jung WK Abstract Marine algae have been utilized in food as well as medicine products for a variety of purposes. The purpose of this study was to determine whether an ethanol extract of Polyopes affinis (P.affinis) can inhibit the pathogenesis of T helper 2 (Th2)-mediated allergen-induced airway inflammation in a murine model of asthma. Mice that were sensitized and challenged with ovalbumin (OVA) evidenced typical asthmatic reactions such as the following: an increase in the number of eosinophils in the bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid; a marked influx of inflammatory cells into the lung around blood vessels and airways as well as the narrowing of the airway luminal; th... Journal of Biosciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5452760 Tue, 29 Nov 2011 00:49:44 +0100 5452760 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5452759&cid=s_37331_61_f&fid=37331&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22116286%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Song JH, Sun DX, Chen B, Ji DH, Pu J, Xu J, Tian FD, Guo L Abstract Podophyllotoxin (PPT) and its derivatives exert significant anti-cancer activities, and one derivative etoposide is often utilized to treat various cancers in the clinic. The aim of the present study is to investigate the inhibitory effects of PPT on major cytochrome P450 (CYP) isoforms in human livers. Inhibition of CYP3A4, CYP2C9, CYP2C8, CYP2D6, CYP2E1 and CYP2A6 by PPT was investigated in the human liver microsomal system. Time-dependent inhibition of CYP3A4 by PPT was also evaluated. The results showed that PPT strongly exhibited inhibitory effects on CYP3A4 and CYP2C9 in a concentration-dependent manner. Half inhibition concentration (IC50) was 1.1 +/- 0.3 and 4.6 +/- 0.3 meu M for CYP3A4 and CYP2C9,... Journal of Biosciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5452759 Tue, 29 Nov 2011 00:49:35 +0100 5452759 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5452758&cid=s_37331_61_f&fid=37331&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22116287%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Rocha-Barbosa O, Casinos A Abstract Morphological parallelism between South American cavioid rodents and small artiodactyls from the Old World has been postulated for a long time. Our study deals with this question from the point of view of biomechanical characteristics of the long bones. For this, cross-sectional area, second moment of the area, polar moment, athletic ability indicators and strength were calculated for the long bones (i.e. humerus, radius, femur and tibia) of five species of cavioids and two species of artiodactyls. Regressions of all these variables to body mass were established. Regarding the cross-sectional area, the confidence intervals show that the exponents calculated are not significantly different from the geometrical predicted value. The exponen... Journal of Biosciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5452758 Tue, 29 Nov 2011 00:49:25 +0100 5452758 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5452757&cid=s_37331_61_f&fid=37331&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22116288%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Jiang P, Guo C, Lv T, Xiao Y, Liao X, Zhou B Abstract The silk egg case and orb web of spiders are elaborate structures that are assembled from a number of components. We analysed the structure, the amino acid and fibre compositions, and the tensile properties of the silk fibres of the egg case of Nephila clavata. SEM shows that the outer and inner covers of the egg case consist of thick, medium and thin silk fibres. The silk fibres of the outer cover of the egg case are probably produced by the major and minor ampullate glands. The silk fibres of the inner cover of the egg case from cylindrical glands appears to be distinct from the silk fibres of the major ampullate glands based on their micro-morphology, mole percent amino acid composition and types, and tensile behavio... Journal of Biosciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5452757 Tue, 29 Nov 2011 00:49:16 +0100 5452757 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5452756&cid=s_37331_61_f&fid=37331&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22116289%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Dayanandan P Abstract This paper is an introduction to gravitational and space life sciences and a summary of key achievements in the field. Current global research is focused on understanding the effects of gravity/microgravity onmicrobes, cells, plants, animals and humans. It is now established that many plants and animals can progress through several generations in microgravity. Astrobiology is emerging as an exciting field promoting research in biospherics and fabrication of controlled environmental life support systems. India is one of the 14-nation International Space Exploration Coordination Group (2007) that hopes that someday humans may live and work on other planets within the Solar System. The vision statement of the Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) inc... Journal of Biosciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5452756 Tue, 29 Nov 2011 00:49:07 +0100 5452756 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5452755&cid=s_37331_61_f&fid=37331&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22116290%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Tamura K Abstract Proteins, the main players in current biological systems, are produced on ribosomes by sequential amide bond (peptide bond) formations between amino-acid-bearing tRNAs. The ribosome is an exquisite super-complex of RNA-proteins, containing more than 50 proteins and at least 3 kinds of RNAs. The combination of a variety of side chains of amino acids (typically 20 kinds with some exceptions) confers proteins with extraordinary structure and functions. The origin of peptide bond formation and the ribosome is crucial to the understanding of life itself. In this article, a possible evolutionary pathway to peptide bond formation machinery (proto-ribosome) will be discussed, with a special focus on the RNA minihelix (primordial form of modern tRNA) as a starting... Journal of Biosciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5452755 Tue, 29 Nov 2011 00:48:59 +0100 5452755 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5452754&cid=s_37331_61_f&fid=37331&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22116291%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Guleria A, Kiranmayi M, Sreejith R, Kumar K, Sharma SK, Gupta S Abstract Rhabdoviridae, characterized by bullet-shaped viruses, is known for its diverse host range, which includes plants, arthropods, fishes and humans. Understanding the viral-host interactions of this family can prove beneficial in developing effective therapeutic strategies. The host proteins interacting with animal rhabdoviruses have been reviewed in this report. Several important host proteins commonly interacting with animal rhabdoviruses are being reported, some of which, interestingly, have molecular features, which can serve as potential antiviral targets. This review not only provides the generalized importance of the functions of animal rhabdovirus-associated host proteins for the first time but a... Journal of Biosciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5452754 Tue, 29 Nov 2011 00:48:50 +0100 5452754 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5452753&cid=s_37331_61_f&fid=37331&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22116292%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Garcia AH Abstract Anhydrobiosis is a phenomenon related to the partial or total desiccation of living organisms, keeping their vital functions after rehydration. The desiccated state in prokaryotes has been widely studied, mainly due to the broad spectrum of the anhydrobiosis applications. In this review, we present the basic theoretical concepts related to anhydrobiosis, focusing on bacterial species. An update about desiccation tolerance in bacteria is given; and the general mechanisms of desiccation tolerance and desiccation damage are described. In addition, we show how the study of anhydrobiosis in prokaryotes has established the theoretical and practical basis for the development of the drying technologies. With regard to the desiccation tolerance in bacteria, altho... Journal of Biosciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5452753 Tue, 29 Nov 2011 00:48:40 +0100 5452753 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5452752&cid=s_37331_61_f&fid=37331&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22116293%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Sun X, Wen T Abstract The plastid terminal oxidase (PTOX) is a plastoquinol oxidase localized in the plastids of plants. It is able to transfer electrons from plastoquinone (PQ) to molecular oxygen with the formation of water. Recent studies have suggested that PTOX is beneficial for plants under environmental stresses, since it is involved in the synthesis of photoprotective carotenoids and chlororespiration, which could potentially protect the chloroplast electron transport chain (ETC) from over-reduction. The absence of PTOX in plants usually results in photo-bleached variegated leaves and impaired adaptation to environment alteration. Although PTOX level and activity has been found to increase under a wide range of stress conditions, the functions of plant PTOX in stre... Journal of Biosciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5452752 Tue, 29 Nov 2011 00:48:30 +0100 5452752 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5452751&cid=s_37331_61_f&fid=37331&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22116294%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Pantic I Abstract Although questioned on several occasions, the existence of cancer stem cells (CSCs) has been confirmed by a number of studies on experimental animal models. Nevertheless, it was shown that CSC hypotheses have several limitations and inconsistencies regarding the explanation of CSC origin, CSC identification and isolation, possible heterogeneity within CSC population, as well as methodology issues in some studies that were carried out in order to prove CSC existence. The aim of this article is to give a short and comprehensive review of recent advances concerning CSC hypothesis and to describe its impact on modern molecular physiology and pharmacology research. PMID: 22116294 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Journal of Biosciences) Journal of Biosciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5452751 Tue, 29 Nov 2011 00:48:20 +0100 5452751 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5452750&cid=s_37331_61_f&fid=37331&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22116295%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Chaturvedi RK, Raghubanshi AS, Singh JS Abstract Functional traits (FTs) integrate the ecological and evolutionary history of a species, and can potentially be used to predict its response as well as its influence on ecosystem functioning. Study of inter-specific variation in the FTs of plants aids in classifying species into plant functional types (PFTs) and provides insights into fundamental patterns and trade-offs in plant form and functioning and the effect of changing species composition on ecosystem functions. Specifically, this paper focuses on those FTs that make a species successful in the dry tropical environment. Following a brief overview, we discuss plant FTs that may be particularly relevant to tropical deciduous forests (TDFs). We consider the traits under t... Journal of Biosciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5452750 Tue, 29 Nov 2011 00:48:11 +0100 5452750 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5147309&cid=s_37331_61_f&fid=37331&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21857101%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Sengupta D, Chattopadhyay MK PMID: 21857101 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Journal of Biosciences) Journal of Biosciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5147309 Wed, 24 Aug 2011 05:37:45 +0100 5147309 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5147308&cid=s_37331_61_f&fid=37331&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21857102%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Tripathi A PMID: 21857102 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Journal of Biosciences) Journal of Biosciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5147308 Wed, 24 Aug 2011 05:37:41 +0100 5147308 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5147307&cid=s_37331_61_f&fid=37331&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21857103%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Grota M Abstract Starting in the 1960s, the Indian chemist Krishna Bahadur, from the University of Allahabad, published on organic and inorganic particles that he had synthesized and baptized 'Jeewanu', or 'particle of life'. Bahadur conceived of the Jeewanu as a simple form of the living. These studies are presented in a historical perspective and positioned within mid-20th century research on the origin of life, notably the so-called 'coacervate theory' of the Soviet biochemist Aleksandr I Oparin. The concepts of life proposed by Bahadur, Oparin and others are discussed from a historical standpoint. PMID: 21857103 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Journal of Biosciences) Journal of Biosciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5147307 Wed, 24 Aug 2011 05:37:37 +0100 5147307 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5147306&cid=s_37331_61_f&fid=37331&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21857104%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Morange M PMID: 21857104 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Journal of Biosciences) Journal of Biosciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5147306 Wed, 24 Aug 2011 05:37:33 +0100 5147306 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5147305&cid=s_37331_61_f&fid=37331&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21857105%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Linde-Medina M Abstract A controversy of relevance to the study of biological form involves the concept of adaptation. This controversy is illustrated by the structure and function of the human hand. A review of the principal definitions of adaptation points to two main problems: (1) they are qualitative and make reference to the whole structure (or substructural feature) and (2) they are based on the idea of natural selection as a moulding factor. The first problem would be solved by a definition that encompasses quantitative measures of the effects of selection, drawing on new advances in the comparative method. The second problem is deeper and presents greater conceptual difficulties. I will argue that the idea of natural selection as a moulding factor depends on the no... Journal of Biosciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5147305 Wed, 24 Aug 2011 05:37:29 +0100 5147305 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5147304&cid=s_37331_61_f&fid=37331&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21857106%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Ge J, Lou Z, Cui H, Shang L, Harshey RM Abstract Of all known transposable elements, phage Mu exhibits the highest transposition efficiency and the lowest target specificity. In vitro, MuB protein is responsible for target choice. In this work, we provide a comprehensive assessment of the genome-wide distribution of MuB and its relationship to Mu target selection using high-resolution Escherichia coli tiling DNA arrays. We have also assessed how MuB binding and Mu transposition are influenced by chromosome-organizing elements such as AT-rich DNA signatures, or the binding of the nucleoid-associated protein Fis, or processes such as transcription. The results confirm and extend previous biochemical and lower resolution in vivo data. Despite the generally random nature of Mu... Journal of Biosciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5147304 Wed, 24 Aug 2011 05:37:24 +0100 5147304 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5147303&cid=s_37331_61_f&fid=37331&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21857107%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Sharma BP, Saranath D Abstract Germline mutations of RET gene are pathognomonic of multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN; MEN 2A/MEN 2B) and familial medullary thyroid carcinoma (FMTC), constituting 25% of medullary thyroid carcinomas (MTCs). We investigated RET gene mutations and polymorphisms at exons 10, 11, 13, 14, 15 and 16 in 140 samples, comprising 51 clinically diagnosed MTC patients, 39 family members of patients and 50 normal individuals. The method of choice was PCR and direct nucleotide sequencing of the PCR products. RET gene mutations were detected in 15 (29.4%) patients, with MEN 2A/FMTC in 13 patients and MEN 2B in 2 patients. Further, 39 family members of seven index cases were analysed, wherein four of the seven index cases showed identical mutations, in 13 o... Journal of Biosciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5147303 Wed, 24 Aug 2011 05:37:20 +0100 5147303 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5147302&cid=s_37331_61_f&fid=37331&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21857108%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Collares T, Campos VF, De Leon PM, Cavalcanti PV, Amaral MG, Dellagostin OA, Deschamps JC, Seixas FK Abstract Transgenic animals have been successfully produced by mass gene transfer techniques such as sperm-mediated gene transfer (SMGT). The aim of this work was to demonstrate transgene transmission by SMGT in chickens using dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) or N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMAc) as transfectants after seminal plasma removal to prevent DNase activity. Sperm samples were prepared by repetitive washes, and after each wash sperm motility, seminal plasma proteins, exogenous DNA integrity and its uptake by spermatozoa were evaluated. Laying hens were inseminated using spermatozoa transfected with pEGFP-N1 vector in the presence of DMSO or DMAc. Transgene transmission in newbo... Journal of Biosciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5147302 Wed, 24 Aug 2011 05:37:16 +0100 5147302 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5147301&cid=s_37331_61_f&fid=37331&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21857109%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Jha A, Mehra M, Shankar R Abstract miRNAs are small non-coding RNAs with average length of ~21 bp. miRNA formation seems to be dependent upon multiple factors besides Drosha and Dicer, in a tissue/stage-specific manner, with interplay of several specific binding factors. In the present study, we have investigated transcription factor binding sites in and around the genomic sequences of precursor miRNAs and RNA-binding protein (RBP) sites in miRNA precursor sequences, analysed and tested in comprehensive manner. Here, we report that miRNA precursor regions are positionally enriched for binding of transcription factors as well as RBPs around the 3' end of mature miRNA region in 5' arm. The pattern and distribution of such regulatory sites appears to be a characteristic of pr... Journal of Biosciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5147301 Wed, 24 Aug 2011 05:37:11 +0100 5147301 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5147300&cid=s_37331_61_f&fid=37331&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21857110%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Goncalves AP, Videira A, Maximo V, Soares P Abstract TPC-1 is a highly proliferative thyroid papillary carcinoma-derived cell line. These cells express the RET/PTC1 fusion protein, whose isoforms are characterized in this work. The bacterial alkaloid staurosporine and the plant extract rotenone are death-inducing drugs that have an inhibitory synergistic effect on the growth of TPC-1 cells. We show that this synergism is accompanied by an enhancement of the induction of cell death. Staurosporine alone induces cell cycle arrest in G1, whereas rotenone induces arrest in G2/M. We suggest that this additive pressure may drive cells to die, resulting in the synergistic interaction of the drug combination. These data emphasize the potential use of the staurosporine plus rotenone... Journal of Biosciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5147300 Wed, 24 Aug 2011 05:37:07 +0100 5147300 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5147299&cid=s_37331_61_f&fid=37331&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21857111%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study we show that Ago2 is essential for normal self-renewal and differentiation. Also, our data suggest that self-renewal and differentiation of ES cells are regulated by both siRNA and miRNA pathways. PMID: 21857111 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Journal of Biosciences) Journal of Biosciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5147299 Wed, 24 Aug 2011 05:37:03 +0100 5147299 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5147298&cid=s_37331_61_f&fid=37331&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21857112%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis coupled with ESI-Q-TOF MS/MS analysis was used to identify differentially expressed proteins among the HCC tumour centre, tumour margin and nontumourous liver tissues. In total, 52 spots with significant alteration were positively identified byMS/MSanalysis. Altered expression of representative proteins, including CIB1, was validated by Western blotting. Immunostaining suggested an increase tendency of CIB1 expression from nontumourous liver tissue to tumour centre. Knockdown of CIB1 expression by RNA interference led to the significant suppression of the cell growth in hepatoma HepG2 cells. These data suggest that CIB1 may be used as a novel prognostic factor and possibly an attractive therapeutic target for HCC. PMID: ... Journal of Biosciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5147298 Wed, 24 Aug 2011 05:36:58 +0100 5147298 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5147297&cid=s_37331_61_f&fid=37331&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21857113%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Colagar AH, Chaichi MJ, Khadjvand T Abstract Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) microspectroscopy can be considered to be a fast and non-invasive tool for distinguishing between normal and cancerous cells and tissues without the need for laborious and invasive sampling procedures. Gastric samples from four patients (age, 65 +- 2 years) were analysed. Samples were obtained from the organs removed during gastrectomy and then classified as normal or cancerous. Classification was based on histopathological examinations at our institution. Formalin-fixed sections of gastric tissue were analysed by FTIRmicrospectroscopy. To characterize differences between sections of normal and cancerous tissue, specific regions of the spectra were analysed to study variations in the levels of m... Journal of Biosciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5147297 Wed, 24 Aug 2011 05:36:53 +0100 5147297 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5147296&cid=s_37331_61_f&fid=37331&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21857114%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Chaudhary N, Singh S, Nagaraj R Abstract Short peptides have been identified from amyloidogenic proteins that form amyloid fibrils in isolation. The hexapeptide stretch 21DIDLHL26 has been shown to be important in the self-assembly of the Src homology 3 (SH3) domain of p85 alpha subunit of bovine phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3-SH3). The SH3 domain of chicken brain alpha- spectrin, which is otherwise non-amyloidogenic, is rendered amyloidogenic if 22EVTMKK27 is replaced by DIDLHL. In this article, we describe the aggregation behaviour of DIDLHL-COOH and DIDLHL-CONH2. Our results indicate that DIDLHL-COOH and DIDLHL-CONH2 aggregate to form spherical structures at pH 5 and 6. At pH 5, in the presence of mica, DIDLHL-CONH2 forms short fibrous structures. The presence of Na... Journal of Biosciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5147296 Wed, 24 Aug 2011 05:36:49 +0100 5147296 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5147295&cid=s_37331_61_f&fid=37331&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21857115%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Rosin ZM, Olborska P, Surmacki A, Tryjanowski P Abstract The evolution of shell polymorphism in terrestrial snails is a classic textbook example of the effect of natural selection in which avian and mammalian predation represents an important selective force on gene frequency. However, many questions about predation remain unclear, especially in the case of mammals. We collected 2000 specimens from eight terrestrial gastropod species to investigate the predation pressure exerted by birds and mice on snails. We found evidence of avian and mammalian predation in 26.5% and 36.8% of the shells. Both birds and mammals were selective with respect to snail species, size and morphs. Birds preferred the brown-lipped banded snail Cepaea nemoralis (L.) and mice preferred the burgundy... Journal of Biosciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5147295 Wed, 24 Aug 2011 05:36:44 +0100 5147295 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5147294&cid=s_37331_61_f&fid=37331&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21857116%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Sharma CM, Gairola S, Baduni NP, Ghildiyal SK, Suyal S Abstract The present study was undertaken in seven major forest types of temperate zone (1500 m a.s.l. to 3100 m a.s.l.) of Garhwal Himalaya to understand the effect of slope aspects on carbon (C) density and make recommendations for forest management based on priorities for C conservation/sequestration. We assessed soil organic carbon (SOC) density, tree density, biomass and soil organic carbon (SOC) on four aspects, viz. north/east (NE), north/west (NW), south-east (SE) and south-west (SW), in forest stands dominated by Abies pindrow, Cedrus deodara, Pinus roxburghii, Cupressus torulosa, Quercus floribunda, Quercus semecarpifolia and Quercus leucotrichophora. TCD ranged between 77.3 CMg ha-1 on SE aspect (Quercus leu... Journal of Biosciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5147294 Wed, 24 Aug 2011 05:36:40 +0100 5147294 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5147293&cid=s_37331_61_f&fid=37331&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21857117%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Mohammed MH, Chadaram S, Komanduri D, Ghosh TS, Mande SS Abstract Physical partitioning techniques are routinely employed (during sample preparation stage) for segregating the prokaryotic and eukaryotic fractions of metagenomic samples. In spite of these efforts, several metagenomic studies focusing on bacterial and archaeal populations have reported the presence of contaminating eukaryotic sequences inmetagenomic data sets. Contaminating sequences originate not only from genomes of micro-eukaryotic species but also from genomes of (higher) eukaryotic host cells. The latter scenario usually occurs in the case of host-associatedmetagenomes. Identification and removal of contaminating sequences is important, since these sequences not only impact estimates of microbial divers... Journal of Biosciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5147293 Wed, 24 Aug 2011 05:36:35 +0100 5147293 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5147292&cid=s_37331_61_f&fid=37331&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21857118%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Todorovic-Rakovic N Abstract The current state in oncology research indicates that the attempts to explain such complex process as cancerogenesis by a single or several genetic mutations were not successful enough. On the other hand, chromosomal/genomic instability - almost universal features of malignant tumours which influence a global pattern of gene expression and, subsequently, many oncogenic pathways - were often disregarded and considered nonessential to clinical application. However, a new arising field of system biology including 'new forms' of genome diversity such as copy number variations (CNV) and high-throughput oncogene mutation profiling now reveal all the complexity of cancer and provide the final explanation of the oncogenic pathways, based on stochastic ... Journal of Biosciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5147292 Wed, 24 Aug 2011 05:36:31 +0100 5147292 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5147291&cid=s_37331_61_f&fid=37331&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21857119%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Lai WF Abstract Lifespan prolongation is a common desire of the human race. With advances in biotechnology, the mechanism of aging has been gradually unraveled, laying the theoretical basis of nucleic acid therapy for lifespan prolongation. Regretfully, clinically applicable interventions do not exist without the efforts of converting theory into action, and it is the latter that has been far from adequately addressed at the moment. This was demonstrated by a database search on PubMed and Web of Science, from which only seven studies published between 2000 and 2010 were found to directly touch on the development of nucleic acid therapy for anti-aging and/or longevity enhancing purposes. In light of this, the objective of this article is to overview the current understandin... Journal of Biosciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5147291 Wed, 24 Aug 2011 05:36:26 +0100 5147291 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5147290&cid=s_37331_61_f&fid=37331&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21857120%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Dornas WC, Silva ME Abstract Hypertension is one of the leading causes of disability or death due to stroke, heart attack and kidney failure. Because the etiology of essential hypertension is not known and may be multifactorial, the use of experimental animal models has provided valuable information regarding many aspects of the disease, which include etiology, pathophysiology, complications and treatment. The models of hypertension are various, and in this review, we provide a brief overview of the most widely used animal models, their features and their importance. PMID: 21857120 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Journal of Biosciences) Journal of Biosciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5147290 Wed, 24 Aug 2011 05:36:22 +0100 5147290 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5147289&cid=s_37331_61_f&fid=37331&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21857121%26dopt%3DAbstract This article brings to light the major active components present in C. amada along with their biological activities that may be important from the pharmacological point of view. PMID: 21857121 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Journal of Biosciences) Journal of Biosciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5147289 Wed, 24 Aug 2011 05:36:16 +0100 5147289 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5089090&cid=s_37331_61_f&fid=37331&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21799254%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Lakhotia SC The 93D puff of Drosophila melanogaster became attractive in 1970 because of its singular inducibility by benzamide and has since then remained a major point of focus in my laboratory. Studies on this locus in my and several other laboratories during the past four decades have revealed that (i) this locus is developmentally active, (ii) it is a member of the heat shock gene family but selectively inducible by amides, (iii) the 93D or heat shock RNA omega (hsr row) gene produces multiple nuclear and cytoplasmic large non-coding RNAs (hsr row-n, hsr row-pre-c and hsr row-c), (iv) a variety of RNA-processing proteins, especially the hnRNPs, associate with its greater than 10 kb nuclear (hsr row-n) transcript to form the nucleoplasmic omega speckles, (v) its genomic ar... Journal of Biosciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5089090 Sun, 31 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5089090 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5089089&cid=s_37331_61_f&fid=37331&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21799255%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Gan M, Moebus S, Eggert H, Saumweber H The conserved band-interband pattern is thought to reflect the looped-domain organization of insect polytene chromosomes. Previously, we have shown that the chromodomain protein Chriz and the zinc-finger protein Z4 are essentially required for the maintenance of polytene chromosome structure. Here we show that both proteins form a complex that recruits the JIL-1 kinase to polytene chromosomes, enabling local H3S10 phosphorylation of interband nucleosomal histones. Interband targeting domains were identified at the N-terminal regions of Chriz and Z4, and our data suggest partial cooperation of the complex with the BEAF boundary element protein in polytene and diploid cells. Reducing the core component Chriz by RNAi results in destabilizati... Journal of Biosciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5089089 Sun, 31 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5089089 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5089088&cid=s_37331_61_f&fid=37331&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21799256%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Varma P, Mishra RK Embryonic development is a complex and dynamic process that involves spatiotemporal expression of genes in a highly coordinated manner. Multiple levels of nuclear architecture maintain the fidelity of gene expression programme. One of the components of nuclear architecture, which is believed to play an important role in regulation of gene expression, is the nuclear matrix (NuMat). Many studies over the past few years have tried to analyse the components of this non-chromatin scaffolding of the nucleus and have provided evidences of its structural and functional complexity. However, the relationship of NuMat with the process of embryonic development still remains poorly understood. Here, we report a comparative analysis of the NuMat proteomes of early and lat... Journal of Biosciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5089088 Sun, 31 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5089088 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5089087&cid=s_37331_61_f&fid=37331&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21799257%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Notani D, Ramanujam PL, Kumar PP, Gottimukkala KP, Kumar-Sinha C The special AT-rich DNA-binding protein 1 (SATB1) is a matrix attachment region (MAR)-binding protein that acts as a global repressor via recruitment of CtBP1:HDAC1-containing co-repressors to its binding targets. The N-terminal PSD95/Dlg-A/ZO-1 (PDZ)-like domain of SATB1 mediates interactions with several chromatin proteins. In the present study, we set out to address whether the PDZ-domain-mediated interactions of SATB1 are critical for its in vivo function as a global repressor. We reasoned that since the N-terminal PDZ-like domain (amino acid residues 1-204) lacks DNA binding activity, it would fail to recruit the interacting partners of SATB1 to its genomic binding sites and hence would not repress the SATB1... Journal of Biosciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5089087 Sun, 31 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5089087 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5089086&cid=s_37331_61_f&fid=37331&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21799258%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Parnaik VK, Chaturvedi P, Muralikrishna B Lamins are major structural proteins of the nucleus and are essential for nuclear integrity and organization of nuclear functions. Mutations in the human lamin genes lead to highly degenerative genetic diseases that affect a number of different tissues such as muscle, adipose or neuronal tissues, or cause premature ageing syndromes. New findings on the role of lamins in cellular signalling pathways, as well as in ubiquitin-mediated proteasomal degradation, have given important insights into possible mechanisms of pathogenesis. PMID: 21799258 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Journal of Biosciences) Journal of Biosciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5089086 Sun, 31 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5089086 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5089085&cid=s_37331_61_f&fid=37331&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21799259%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Wang J, Sen S MicroRNAs (miRs), the 17- to 25-nucleotide-long non-coding RNAs, regulate expression of approximately 30% of the protein-coding genes at the post-transcriptional level and have emerged as critical components of the complex functional pathway networks controlling important cellular processes, such as proliferation, development, differentiation, stress response' and apoptosis. Abnormal expression levels of miRs, regulating critical cancerassociated pathways, have been implicated to play important roles in the oncogenic processes, functioning both as oncogenes and as tumour suppressor genes. Elucidation of the genetic networks regulated by the abnormally expressing miRs in cancer cells is proving to be extremely significant in understanding the role of these miRs in... Journal of Biosciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5089085 Sun, 31 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5089085 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5089084&cid=s_37331_61_f&fid=37331&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21799260%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Cao W, Konsolaki M The FK506-binding protein (FKBP) family of immunophilins consists of proteins with a variety of protein-protein interaction domains and versatile cellular functions. Analysis of the functions of immunophilins has been the focus of studies in recent years and has led to the identification of various molecular pathways in which FKBPs play an active role. All FKBPs contain a domain with prolyl cis/trans isomerase (PPIase) activity. Binding of the immunosuppressant molecule FK506 to this domain inhibits their PPIase activity while mediating immune suppression through inhibition of calcineurin. The larger members, FKBP51 and FKBP52, interact with Hsp90 and exhibit chaperone activity that is shown to regulate steroid hormone signalling. From these studies it is cl... Journal of Biosciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5089084 Sun, 31 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5089084 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5089083&cid=s_37331_61_f&fid=37331&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21799261%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Ray P The enormous advances in our understanding of the progression of diseases at the molecular level have been supplemented by the new field of 'molecular imaging', which provides for in vivo visualization of molecular events at the cellular level in living organisms. Molecular imaging is a noninvasive assessment of gene and protein function, protein-protein interaction and or signal transduction pathways in animal models of human disease and in patients to provide insights into molecular pathogenesis. Five major imaging techniques are currently available to assess the structural and functional alterations in vivo in small animals. These are (i) optical bioluminescence and fluorescence imaging techniques, (ii) radionuclide-based positron emission tomography (PET) and single ... Journal of Biosciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5089083 Sun, 31 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5089083 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5089082&cid=s_37331_61_f&fid=37331&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21799262%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Mujumdar N, Dubey AK, Nandimath K, Nanjundiah V In the trishanku (triA-) mutant of the social amoeba Dictyostelium discoideum, aggregates are smaller than usual and the spore mass is located mid-way up the stalk, not at the apex. We have monitored aggregate territory size, spore allocation and fruiting body morphology in chimaeric groups of (quasi-wild-type) Ax2 and triA- cells. Developmental canalisation breaks down in chimaeras and leads to an increase in phenotypic variation. A minority of triA- cells causes largely Ax2 aggregation streams to break up; the effect is not due to the counting factor. Most chimaeric fruiting bodies resemble those ofAx2 or triA-. Others are double-deckers with a single stalk and two spore masses, one each at the terminus and midway along the sta... Journal of Biosciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5089082 Sun, 31 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5089082 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5089081&cid=s_37331_61_f&fid=37331&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21799263%26dopt%3DAbstract This article reviews the various roles of Noggin in different organisms and some of our recent work on hydra Noggin in the context of evolution of developmental signalling pathways. PMID: 21799263 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Journal of Biosciences) Journal of Biosciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5089081 Sun, 31 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5089081 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5089080&cid=s_37331_61_f&fid=37331&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21799264%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Tapadia MG, Gautam NK Drosophila metamorphosis is characterized by the histolysis of larval structures by programmed cell death, which paves the way for the establishment of adult-specific structures under the influence of the steroid hormone ecdysone. Malpighian tubules function as an excretory system and are one of the larval structures that are not destroyed during metamorphosis and are carried over to adulthood. The pupal Malpighian tubules evade destruction in spite of expressing apoptotic proteins, Reaper, Hid, Grim, Dronc and Drice. Here we show that in the Malpighian tubules expression of apoptotic proteins commences right from embryonic development and continues throughout the larval stages. Overexpression of these proteins in the Malpighian tubules causes larval leth... Journal of Biosciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5089080 Sun, 31 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5089080 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5089079&cid=s_37331_61_f&fid=37331&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21799265%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Budatha M, Ningshen TJ, Dutta-Gupta A The process of uptake of hexamerins during metamorphosis from insect haemolymph by fat body cells is reminiscent of receptor-mediated endocytosis. Previously, we had identified a hexamerin-binding protein (HBP) and reported for the first time that uptake of hexamerins is dependent on the phosphorylation of HBP partly by a tyrosine kinase, which is, in turn, activated by 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E). However, the exact nature of HBP and the mechanism of interaction are still unknown. Here we report the possibility of HBP being a GPIanchored protein in the fat body of Achaea janata and its role in the tyrosine-kinase-mediated phosphorylation signalling. Digestion of fat body membrane preparation with bacterial phosphatidylinositol-specific phosp... Journal of Biosciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5089079 Sun, 31 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5089079 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4945949&cid=s_37331_61_f&fid=37331&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21654072%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Rajan R, Jain N PMID: 21654072 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Journal of Biosciences) Journal of Biosciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4945949 Tue, 31 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4945949 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4945948&cid=s_37331_61_f&fid=37331&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21654073%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Dugan FM, Wiest A, McCluskey K PMID: 21654073 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Journal of Biosciences) Journal of Biosciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4945948 Tue, 31 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4945948 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4945947&cid=s_37331_61_f&fid=37331&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21654074%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Morange M PMID: 21654074 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Journal of Biosciences) Journal of Biosciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4945947 Tue, 31 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4945947 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4945946&cid=s_37331_61_f&fid=37331&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21654075%26dopt%3DAbstract We report here the first biological tests for hemerythrin and its chemical derivatives, comparing their performance with that of a representative competitor, glutaraldehyde-polymerized bovine hemoglobin. Hemerythrin (native or derivatized) exhibits a proliferative effect on human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) cultures, as opposed to a slight inhibitory effect of hemoglobin. A similar positive effect is displayed on human lymphocytes by glutaraldehyde-polymerized hemerythrin, but not by native or polyethylene glycol-derivatized hemerythrin. PMID: 21654075 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Journal of Biosciences) Journal of Biosciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4945946 Tue, 31 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4945946 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4945945&cid=s_37331_61_f&fid=37331&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21654076%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Su L, Zhao CZ, Bi YP, Wan SB, Xia H, Wang XJ Late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) protein family is a large protein family that includes proteins accumulated at late stages of seed development or in vegetative tissues in response to drought, salinity, cold stress and exogenous application of abscisic acid. In order to isolate peanut genes, an expressed sequence tag (EST) sequencing project was carried out using a peanut seed cDNA library. From 6258 ESTs, 19 LEA-encoding genes were identified and could be classified into eight distinct groups. Expression of these genes in seeds at different developmental stages and in various peanut tissues was analysed by semi-quantitative RT-PCR. The results showed that expression levels of LEA genes were generally high in seeds. Some LEA protei... Journal of Biosciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4945945 Tue, 31 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4945945 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4945944&cid=s_37331_61_f&fid=37331&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21654077%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Ramesha BT, Yetish MD, Ravikanth G, Ganeshaiah KN, Ghazoul J, Shaanker RU The styles of flowers may represent an arena for pollen competition in the race to fertilize ovules. Accordingly, selection should favour a longer 'race' to better discriminate among variable pollen by increasing style length. Sampling across a taxonomically diverse range of wild and outcrossed species, we found that the distribution of style lengths within plants were skewed towards longer styles, as predicted. In self-pollinated domesticated species, where discrimination among pollen is less important, we found no such pattern. We conclude that style length is under directional selection towards longer styles as a mechanism for mate choice among pollen of variable quality. PMID: 21654077 [PubMed - ... Journal of Biosciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4945944 Tue, 31 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4945944 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4945943&cid=s_37331_61_f&fid=37331&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21654078%26dopt%3DAbstract This article describes zinc release from human MT-1 and modification of its amino acid composition when subjected to free radicals generated during gamma ray radiolysis. The effect of gamma ray radiolysis of untreated and metal-depleted human MT-1 was tested under multiple aerobic and anaerobic conditions at increasing irradiation doses. Under all conditions, a rapid increase of serine in the early stages of irradiation was observed. Irradiation for longer times led to cysteic acid formation, except under argon atmosphere. Several other amino acid concentrations gradually decreased. Formation of limited amounts of hydroxyproline, hydroxylysine and ornithine as well as some less common derivatives such as cystathionine occurred as side-effects. PMID: 21654078 [PubMed - in process] (Sour... Journal of Biosciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4945943 Tue, 31 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4945943 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4945942&cid=s_37331_61_f&fid=37331&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21654079%26dopt%3DAbstract This article focuses on the effect of surgical stress on nuclear and mitochondrial DNA from healthy sections of colon and rectum of patients with colorectal cancer. Mitochondrial DNA copy number, mitochondrial common deletion and nuclear and mitochondrial 8-oxo-2'-deoxyguanosine content were measured. Both the colon and rectal tissue were significantly damaged either at the nuclear or mitochondrial level. In particular, mitochondrial DNA was more damaged in rectum than in colon. The present investigation found an association between surgical stress and nuclear and mitochondrial DNA damage, suggesting that surgery may generate an increase in free radicals, which trigger a cascade of molecular changes, including alterations in DNA. PMID: 21654079 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Journal of... Journal of Biosciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4945942 Tue, 31 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4945942 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4945941&cid=s_37331_61_f&fid=37331&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21654080%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Sabarinathan R, Aishwarya K, Sarani R, Vaishnavi MK, Sekar K It is well known that water molecules play an indispensable role in the structure and function of biological macromolecules. The water-mediated ionic interactions between the charged residues provide stability and plasticity and in turn address the function of the protein structures. Thus, this study specifically addresses the number of possible water-mediated ionic interactions, their occurrence, distribution and nature found in 90% non-redundant protein chains. Further, it provides a statistical report of different charged residue pairs that are mediated by surface or buried water molecules to form the interactions. Also, it discusses its contributions in stabilizing various secondary structural elements of the pro... Journal of Biosciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4945941 Tue, 31 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4945941 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4945940&cid=s_37331_61_f&fid=37331&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21654081%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Mallik M, Lakhotia SC The non-coding hsr rou gene of Drosophila melanogaster is expressed in nearly all cell types and developmental stages. However, in the absence of conventional mutant alleles of this gene, its developmental functions remain largely unknown. In the present study, we used a variety of GAL4 drivers to overexpress or ablate this gene's transcripts in specific tissues and examined the developmental consequences thereof. Our results show that a balanced expression of these non-coding transcripts is critical for survival and normal development in all the tissue types tested, since any change in cellular levels of these transcripts in a given cell type generally has detrimental effects, with extreme cases resulting in organismal lethality, although in a few cases ... Journal of Biosciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4945940 Tue, 31 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4945940 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4945939&cid=s_37331_61_f&fid=37331&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21654082%26dopt%3DAbstract This study reveals novel effects of RB1 mutations on splicing and suggests the utility of RNA analysis as an adjunct to mutational screening of genomic DNA in retinoblastoma. PMID: 21654082 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Journal of Biosciences) Journal of Biosciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4945939 Tue, 31 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4945939 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4945938&cid=s_37331_61_f&fid=37331&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21654083%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Reddy PC, Bidaye SS, Ghaskadbi S Receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) are key components of cell-cell signalling required for growth and development of multicellular organisms. It is therefore likely that the divergence of RTKs and associated components played a significant role in the evolution of multicellular organisms. We have carried out the present study in hydra, a diploblast, to investigate the divergence of RTKs after parazoa and before emergence of triploblast phyla. The domain-based screening using Hidden Markov Models (HMMs) for RTKs in Genomescan predicted gene models of the Hydra magnipapillata genome resulted in identification of 15 RTKs. These RTKs have been classified into eight families based on domain architecture and homology. Only 5 of these RTKs have been pre... Journal of Biosciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4945938 Tue, 31 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4945938 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4945937&cid=s_37331_61_f&fid=37331&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21654084%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Ravanan P, Singh SK, Rao GS, Kondaiah P Triterpenoids are pentacyclic secondary metabolites present in many terrestrial plants. Natural triterpenoids have been reported to exhibit anti-inflammatory and anti-carcinogenic activities. Here, we show that modifications of ring A of boswellic acid (2 cyano, 3 enone) resulted in a highly active growth inhibitory, anti-inflammatory, prodifferentiative and anti-tumour triterpenoid compound called cyano enone of methyl boswellates (CEMB). This compound showed cytotoxic activity on a number of cancer cell lines with IC50 ranging from 0.2 to 0.6 meu M. CEMB inhibits DNA synthesis and induces apoptosis in A549 cell line at 0.25 meu M and 1 meu M concentrations, respectively. CEMB induces adipogenic differentiation in 3T3-L1 cells at a conc... Journal of Biosciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4945937 Tue, 31 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4945937 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4945936&cid=s_37331_61_f&fid=37331&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21654085%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: John J, Manchanda R The nucleus accumbens (NAc), a critical structure of the brain reward circuit, is implicated in normal goal-directed behaviour and learning as well as pathological conditions like schizophrenia and addiction. Its major cellular substrates, the medium spiny (MS) neurons, possess a wide variety of dendritic active conductances that may modulate the excitatory post synaptic potentials (EPSPs) and cell excitability. We examine this issue using a biophysically detailed 189-compartment stylized model of the NAc MS neuron, incorporating all the known active conductances. We find that, of all the active channels, inward rectifying K+ (KIR) channels play the primary role in modulating the resting membrane potential (RMP) and EPSPs in the down-state of the neuron. Re... Journal of Biosciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4945936 Tue, 31 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4945936 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4945935&cid=s_37331_61_f&fid=37331&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21654086%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Rouhibakhsh A, Haq Q, Malathi VG Mungbean yellow mosaic India virus (MYMIV) is a whitefly-transmitted begomovirus with a bipartite genome. We investigate the functions of the MYMIV-AV2 protein, the open reading frame present upstream of the coat protein gene in DNA A component. The ability of MYMIV-AV2 mutants to replicate, spread and cause symptoms in legume hosts, blackgram, cowpea and French bean was analysed. Plants agroinoculated with mutants K73R, C86S and the double mutant C84S,C86S showed increase in severity of symptoms compared with the wild type. However, mutants W2S and H14Q,G15E caused marked attenuation of symptoms. While the double mutants C84S,C86S caused a 50-fold increase in double-stranded supercoiled and single-stranded DNA accumulation, the mutations W2S a... Journal of Biosciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4945935 Tue, 31 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4945935 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4945934&cid=s_37331_61_f&fid=37331&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21654087%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Lee J, Majumder S, Chatterjee S, Muralidhar K The peptide fragments obtained by cathepsin digestion of purified buffalo prolactin (buPRL) monomer have been characterized using SDS-PAGE and FPLC with regard to size and pI. Their antiangiogenic activity was tested in chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay and the human endothelial cells wound healing assay. Antiangiogenic activity was observed in cathepsin-cleaved fragments from buPRL. Further, a peptide sequence 45A- 46Q-47G-48K-49G-50F-51I-52T-53M-54A-55L-56N-57S-58C, which matched with human somatostatin (hSST), a known antiangiogenic factor, was located in the second loop between the first and second alpha-helices in the threedimensional structure of buPRL, obtained by homology modelling. The synthetic peptide mat... Journal of Biosciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4945934 Tue, 31 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4945934 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4945933&cid=s_37331_61_f&fid=37331&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21654088%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Sekhar CC, Chakrabarty D A fibrinogenolytic toxin of molecular weight 6.5 kDa has been purified from the venom of Indian monocled cobra (Naja kaouthia) by repeated cation exchange chromatography on CM-sephadex C-50. The purified toxin did not show any phospholipase activity but was mildly hemolytic on human erythrocytes. This toxin, called Lahirin, cleaved fibrinogen in a dose- and time-dependent manner. The digestion process apparently started with the A alpha chain, and gradually other lower-molecular-weight chains were also cleaved to low-molecular-weight peptides. The fibrinolytic activity was completely lost after treatment with ethylene di-amine tetra acetic acid (EDTA). However, exposure to 100 degree C for 1 min or pre-treatment with phenyl methyl sulfonyl fluoride (PM... Journal of Biosciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4945933 Tue, 31 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4945933 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4945932&cid=s_37331_61_f&fid=37331&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21654089%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Rawat P, Singh AK, Ray K, Chaudhary B, Kumar S, Gautam T, Kanoria S, Kaur G, Kumar P, Pental D, Burma PK High levels of expression of the cry1Ac gene from Bacillus thuringiensis cannot be routinely achieved in transgenic plants despite modifications made in the gene to improve its expression. This has been attributed to the instability of the transcript in a few reports. In the present study, based on the genetic transformation of cotton and tobacco, we show that the expression of the Cry1Ac endotoxin has detrimental effects on both the in vitro and in vivo growth and development of transgenic plants. A number of experiments on developing transgenics in cotton with different versions of cry1Ac gene showed that the majority of the plants did not express any Cry1Ac protein. Base... Journal of Biosciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4945932 Tue, 31 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4945932 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4945931&cid=s_37331_61_f&fid=37331&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21654090%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Vogt G PMID: 21654090 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Journal of Biosciences) Journal of Biosciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4945931 Tue, 31 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4945931 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4945930&cid=s_37331_61_f&fid=37331&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21654091%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Baquer NZ, Kumar P, Taha A, Kale RK, Cowsik SM, McLean P Diabetes mellitus is a heterogeneous metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycaemia resulting in defective insulin secretion, resistance to insulin action or both. The use of biguanides, sulphonylurea and other drugs are valuable in the treatment of diabetes mellitus; their use, however, is restricted by their limited action, pharmacokinetic properties, secondary failure rates and side effects. Trigonella foenum-graecum, commonly known as fenugreek, is a plant that has been extensively used as a source of antidiabetic compounds from its seeds and leaf extracts. Preliminary human trials and animal experiments suggest possible hypoglycaemic and antihyperlipedemic properties of fenugreek seed powder taken orally. Our re... Journal of Biosciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4945930 Tue, 31 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4945930 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4851119&cid=s_37331_61_f&fid=37331&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21595318%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Kasbekar DP PMID: 21595318 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Journal of Biosciences) Journal of Biosciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4851119 Tue, 01 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4851119 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4691649&cid=s_37331_61_f&fid=37331&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21451240%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Channakeshava C PMID: 21451240 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Journal of Biosciences) Journal of Biosciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4691649 Tue, 01 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4691649 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4691648&cid=s_37331_61_f&fid=37331&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21451241%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Matharu NK, Mishra RK PMID: 21451241 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Journal of Biosciences) Journal of Biosciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4691648 Tue, 01 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4691648 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4691646&cid=s_37331_61_f&fid=37331&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21451242%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Liu Y, Wang G, Li X PMID: 21451242 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Journal of Biosciences) Journal of Biosciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4691646 Tue, 01 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4691646 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4691645&cid=s_37331_61_f&fid=37331&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21451243%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Singh L PMID: 21451243 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Journal of Biosciences) Journal of Biosciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4691645 Tue, 01 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4691645 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4691640&cid=s_37331_61_f&fid=37331&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21451244%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Morange M PMID: 21451244 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Journal of Biosciences) Journal of Biosciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4691640 Tue, 01 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4691640 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4691639&cid=s_37331_61_f&fid=37331&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21451245%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Jana A, Biswas SM Cleome viscosa L. (Capparidaceae) is well known for its medicinal properties. Lactam nonanoic acid (LNA) [2-amino-9-(4-oxoazetidin-2-yl)-nonanoic acid; C12H22N2O3, mol. wt. 242] has been isolated and purified from the root exudates of Cleome viscosa. The aqueous solution of this pure compound has been tested on bacteria (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus) and fungi (Aspergillus fumigatus, A. niger and A. tamarii). At a dosage of 500 ppm and above, P. aeruginosa and S. aureus were totally inhibited while E. coli remained unaffected. On the other hand, growth of A. niger and A. tamarii was stimulated while there was no effect on A. fumigatus. This pure compound showed concentration-dependent inhibitory activity on rice, gram and... Journal of Biosciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4691639 Tue, 01 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4691639 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4691638&cid=s_37331_61_f&fid=37331&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21451246%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Khattri A, Nandy S, Srivastava V The present study assessed the efficacy of a heat-inducible cre gene for conditional removal of the marker gene from a rice genome via Cre-lox recombination. A cre gene controlled by the soybean heat-shock promoter was introduced into the rice genome along with the recombination target (lox) construct. Cre-mediated recombination was expected to remove the marker gene and activate the promoter-less GUS gene. Six transgenic lines displayed well-regulated heat-inducible Cre activity in the callus. However, only one line that contained a single copy of the cre gene maintained this property in the regenerated plants and their progeny. Marker-free progeny were obtained from the plant that was heat-treated at the seedling stage, indicating the inherit... Journal of Biosciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4691638 Tue, 01 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4691638 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4691637&cid=s_37331_61_f&fid=37331&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21451247%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Koroleva ON, Busby SJ, Drutsa VL In order to investigate the role of His180 residue, located in the non-conserved region of the σ 70 subunit of Escherichia coli RNA polymerase, two mutant variants of the protein with substitutions for either alanine or glutamic acid were constructed and purified using the IMPACT system. The ability of mutant σ 70 subunits to interact with core RNA polymerase was investigated using native gel-electrophoresis. The properties of the corresponding reconstituted holoenzymes, as provided by gel shift analysis of their complexes with single- and double-stranded promoter-like DNA and by in vitro transcription experiments, allowed one to deduce that His180 influences several steps of transcription initiation, including core binding, promoter DNA reco... Journal of Biosciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4691637 Tue, 01 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4691637 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4691636&cid=s_37331_61_f&fid=37331&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21451248%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Musthafa KS, Saroja V, Pandian SK, Ravi AV Antipathogenic therapy is an outcome of the quorum-sensing inhibition (QSI) mechanism, which targets autoinducerdependent virulent gene expression in bacterial pathogens. N-acyl homoserine lactone (AHL) acts as a key regulator in the production of virulence factors and biofilm formation in Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 and violacein pigment production in Chromobacterium violaceum. In the present study, the marine bacterial strain SS4 showed potential QSI activity in a concentration-dependent manner (0.5-2 mg/ml) against the AHL-mediated violacein production in C. violaceum (33-86%) and biofilm formation (33-88%), total protease (20-65%), LasA protease (59-68%), LasB elastase (36-68%), pyocyanin (17-86%) and pyoverdin productions in PAO1... Journal of Biosciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4691636 Tue, 01 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4691636 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4691635&cid=s_37331_61_f&fid=37331&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21451249%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Rus A, Peinado MA, Blanco S, Moral ML Nitric oxide (NO) has been reported to act both as a destructive and a protective agent in the pathogenesis of the injuries that occur during hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R). It has been suggested that this dual role of NO depends directly on the isoform of NO synthase (NOS) involved. In this work, we investigate the role that NO derived from endothelial NOS (eNOS) plays in cardiac H/R-induced injury. Wistar rats were submitted to H/R (hypoxia for 30 min; reoxygenation of 0 h, 12 h and 5 days), with or without prior treatment using the selective eNOS inhibitor L-NIO (20 mg/kg). Lipid peroxidation, apoptosis and protein nitration, as well as NO production (NOx), were analysed. The results showed that L-NIO administration lowered NOx levels in a... Journal of Biosciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4691635 Tue, 01 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4691635 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4691634&cid=s_37331_61_f&fid=37331&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21451250%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, we showed that inactivation of Slm proteins disrupts proper localization of the primary eisosome marker Pil1, providing evidence that Slm proteins play a role in eisosome organization. Furthermore, we found that slmts mutant cells exhibit actin defects in both the ability to polarize cortical F-actin and the formation of cytoplasmic actin cables even at the permissive temperature (30 degrees C). We further demonstrated that the actin defect accounts for the slow traffic of FM4-64- labelled endosome in the cytoplasm, supporting the notion that intact actin is essential for endosome trafficking. However, our real-time microscopic analysis of Abp1-RFP revealed that the actin defect in slmts cells was not accompanied by a noticeable defect in actin patch internalization during r... Journal of Biosciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4691634 Tue, 01 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4691634 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4691633&cid=s_37331_61_f&fid=37331&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21451251%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Ricci M, Martini S, Bonechi C, Braconi D, Santucci A, Rossi C Mathematical modelling analysis of experimental data, obtained with in vivo NMR spectroscopy and 13C-labelled substrates, allowed us to describe how the fermentative metabolism in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, taken as eukaryotic cell model, is influenced by stress factors. Experiments on cellular cultures subject to increasing concentrations of ferric ions were conducted in order to study the effect of oxidative stress on the dynamics of the fermentative process. The developed mathematical model was able to simulate the cellular activity, the metabolic yield and the main metabolic fluxes occurring during fermentation and to describe how these are modulated by the presence of ferric ions. PMID: 21451251 [PubMed - in... Journal of Biosciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4691633 Tue, 01 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4691633 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4691632&cid=s_37331_61_f&fid=37331&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21451252%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Das P, Sutherland BM Clustered damage in DNA includes two or more closely spaced oxidized bases, strand breaks or abasic sites that are induced by high- or low-linear-energy-transfer (LET) radiation, and these have been found to be repair-resistant and potentially mutagenic. In the present study we found that abasic clustered damages are also induced in primary human fibroblast cells by low-LET X-rays even at very low doses. In response to the induction of the abasic sites, primary fibroblasts irradiated by low doses of X-rays in the range 10-100 cGy showed dose-dependent up-regulation of the DNA repair enzyme, ApeI. We found that the abasic clusters in primary fibroblasts were more lethal to cells when hApeI enzyme expression was down-regulated by transfecting primary fibrobl... Journal of Biosciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4691632 Tue, 01 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4691632 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4691631&cid=s_37331_61_f&fid=37331&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21451253%26dopt%3DAbstract The objective of this study was to test a more affordable and much simpler method, involving of the manual wear of teeth followed by decalcification and observation under a stereomicroscope. This technique has been employed successfully with larger species of Odontoceti. Twenty-six specimens were selected, and one tooth of each specimen was worn and demineralized for growth layers reading. Growth layers were evidenced in all specimens; however, in 4 of the 26 teeth, not all the layers could be clearly observed. In these teeth, there was a significant decrease of growth layer group thickness, thus hindering the layers count. The juxtaposition of layers hindered the reading of larger numbers of layers by the wear and decalcification technique. Analysis of more than 17 layers in a single toot... Journal of Biosciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4691631 Tue, 01 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4691631 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4691630&cid=s_37331_61_f&fid=37331&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21451254%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Lu B, Sun W, Zhang S, Zhang C, Qian J, Wang X, Gao R, Dong H In Arabidopsis thaliana (Arabidopsis) treated with the harpin protein HrpNEa, resistance to the green peach aphid Myzus persicae, a generalist phloem-feeding insect, develops with induced expression of the AtMYB44 gene. Special GLUCAN SYNTHESIS-LIKE (GSL) genes and beta-1,3-glucan callose play an important role in plant defence responses to attacks by phloem-feeding insects. Here we report that AtGLS5 and AtMYB44 are both required for HrpNEainduced repression of M. persicae feeding from the phloem of Arabidopsis leaves. In 24 h successive surveys on large-scale aphid populations, the proportion of feeding aphids was much smaller in HrpNEa-treated plants than in control plants, and aphids preferred to feed from the 37... Journal of Biosciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4691630 Tue, 01 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4691630 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4691629&cid=s_37331_61_f&fid=37331&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21451255%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Lee SK, Kim BG, Kwon TR, Jeong MJ, Park SR, Lee JW, Byun MO, Kwon HB, Matthews BF, Hong CB, Park SC Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) signalling cascades are activated by extracellular stimuli such as environmental stresses and pathogens in higher eukaryotic plants. To know more about MAPK signalling in plants, aMAPK cDNA clone, OsMAPK33, was isolated from rice. The gene is mainly induced by drought stress. In phylogenetic analysis, OsMAPK33 (Os02g0148100) showed approximately 47-93% identity at the amino acid level with other plant MAPKs. It was found to exhibit organ-specific expression with relatively higher expression in leaves as compared with roots or stems, and to exist as a single copy in the rice genome. To investigate the biological functions of OsMAPK33 in ri... Journal of Biosciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4691629 Tue, 01 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4691629 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4691628&cid=s_37331_61_f&fid=37331&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21451256%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Upadhyay SK, Chandrashekar K, Thakur N, Verma PC, Borgio JF, Singh PK, Tuli R RNA interference (RNAi)-mediated gene silencing was explored for the control of sap-sucking pest Bemisia tabaci, commonly known as whitefly. dsRNAs and siRNAs were synthesized from five different genes - actin ortholog, ADP/ATP translocase, alpha-tubulin, ribosomal protein L9 (RPL9) and V-ATPase A subunit. A simplified insect bioassay method was developed for the delivery of ds/siRNA through the oral route, and efficacy was evaluated. ds/siRNA caused 29-97% mortality after 6 days of feeding. Each insect ingested nearly 150 nl of insect diet per day, which contained a maximum of 6 ng of RNA. Knocking down the expression of RPL9 and V-ATPase A caused higher mortality with LC50 11.21 and 3.08 meu g/ml, ... Journal of Biosciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4691628 Tue, 01 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4691628 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4691627&cid=s_37331_61_f&fid=37331&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21451257%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Talla S, Riazunnisa K, Padmavathi L, Sunil B, Rajsheel P, Raghavendra AS The possible role of L-ascorbate (AsA) as a biochemical signal during the interactions between photosynthesis and respiration was examined in leaf discs of Arabidopsis thaliana. AsA content was either decreased as in AsAdeficient vtc1 mutants or increased by treatment with L-galactono-1, 4-lactone (L-GalL, a precursor of AsA; EC 1.3.2.3). In mutants, photosynthesis was extremely sensitive to both antimycin A (inhibitor of the cytochrome c oxidase pathway [COX pathway]) and salicylhydroxamic acid (SHAM, inhibitor of the alternative pathway [AOX pathway]), particularly at high light conditions. Mitochondrial inhibitors lowered the ratio of reduced AsA to total AsA, at high light, indicating oxidative stress... Journal of Biosciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4691627 Tue, 01 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4691627 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4691626&cid=s_37331_61_f&fid=37331&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21451258%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Kumar R, Yadav BR, Singh RS Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) poses a serious problem in dairy animals suffering from mastitis. In the present study, the distribution of mastitic MRSA and antibiotic resistance was studied in 107 strains of S. aureus isolated from milk samples from 195 infected udders. The characterizations pathogenic factors (adhesin and toxin genes) and antibiotic susceptibility of isolates were carried out using gene amplification and disc diffusion assays, respectively. A high prevalence of MRSA was observed in the tested isolates (13.1%). The isolates were also highly resistant to antibiotics, i.e. 36.4% were resistant to streptomycin, 33.6% to oxytetracycline, 29.9% to gentamicin and 26.2% each to chloramphenicol, pristinomycin and ciprof... Journal of Biosciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4691626 Tue, 01 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4691626 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4691625&cid=s_37331_61_f&fid=37331&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21451259%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Rohozkova J, Navratil M The Potyviridae family, named after its type member, Potato virus Y (PVY), is the largest of the 65 plant virus groups and families currently recognized. The coding region for P1 peptidase is located at the very beginning of the viral genome of the family Potyviridae. Until recently P1 was thought of as serine peptidase with RNA-binding activity and with possible influence in cell-to-cell viral spreading. This N-terminal protein, among all of the potyviruses, is the most divergent protein: varying in length and in its amino acid sequence. Nevertheless, P1 peptidase in many ways is still a mysterious viral protein. In this review, we would like to offer a comprehensive overview, discussing the proteomic, biochemical and phylogenetic views of the P1 prote... Journal of Biosciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4691625 Tue, 01 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4691625 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4460230&cid=s_37331_61_f&fid=37331&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21289428%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Tremere LA, Pinaud R PMID: 21289428 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Journal of Biosciences) Journal of Biosciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4460230 Wed, 01 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4460230 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4460229&cid=s_37331_61_f&fid=37331&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21289429%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Terleph TA, Pinaud R PMID: 21289429 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Journal of Biosciences) Journal of Biosciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4460229 Wed, 01 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4460229 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4460228&cid=s_37331_61_f&fid=37331&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21289430%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Swarup G, Nagabhushana A PMID: 21289430 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Journal of Biosciences) Journal of Biosciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4460228 Wed, 01 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4460228 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4460227&cid=s_37331_61_f&fid=37331&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21289431%26dopt%3DAbstract This article vindicates the role of natural history museums in consolidating rational and critical scientific thinking while briefly examining scientific illiteracy in developed countries. It also discusses methods to improve the involvement of natural history museums in the promotion of rational thinking, the only appropriate avenue for objective knowledge. PMID: 21289431 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Journal of Biosciences) Journal of Biosciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4460227 Wed, 01 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4460227 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4460226&cid=s_37331_61_f&fid=37331&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21289432%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Morange M PMID: 21289432 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Journal of Biosciences) Journal of Biosciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4460226 Wed, 01 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4460226 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4460225&cid=s_37331_61_f&fid=37331&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21289433%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Rao RP, Rao JP Frog aortic tissue exhibits plasma membrane electron transport (PMET) owing to its ability to reduce ferricyanide even in the presence of mitochondrial poisons, such as cyanide and azide. Exposure to hypotonic solution (108 mOsmol/kg H2O) enhanced the reduction of ferricyanide in excised aortic tissue of frog. Increment in ferricyanide reductase activity was also brought about by the presence of homocysteine (100 meu M dissolved in isotonic frog Ringer solution), a redox active compound and a potent modulator of PMET. Two plasma-membrane-bound channels, the volumeregulated anion channel (VRAC) and the voltage-dependent anion channel (VDAC), are involved in the response to hypotonic stress. The presence of VRAC and VDAC antagonists-tamoxifen, glibenclamide, fluox... Journal of Biosciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4460225 Wed, 01 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4460225 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4460224&cid=s_37331_61_f&fid=37331&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21289434%26dopt%3DAbstract We describe a real-time, visual, cell-based qualitative GLUT4 translocation assay using CHO-HIRc-myc-GLUT4eGFP cells that stably express myc- and eGFP-tagged GLUT4 in addition to human insulin receptor (HIRc). GLUT4 translocation is visualized by live cell imaging based on GFP fluorescence by employing a cooled charge-coupled device camera attached to a fluorescent microscope. This video imaging method and further quantitative analysis of GLUT4 on the cell membrane provide rapid and foolproof visual evidence that this method is suitable for screening GLUT4 translocation modulators. PMID: 21289434 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Journal of Biosciences) Journal of Biosciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4460224 Wed, 01 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4460224 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4460223&cid=s_37331_61_f&fid=37331&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21289435%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Bajpai VK, Kang SC In an attempt to isolate bioactive constituents, ethyl acetate cone extract of Metasequoia glyptostroboides was subjected to a column chromatographic analysis that resulted in isolation of an abietane-type diterpenoid, taxodone. Its structure was elucidated by spectroscopic means. Further, taxodone showed potential antibacterial effect as diameters of zones of inhibition against foodborne pathogenic bacteria, such as Listeria monocytogenes ATCC 19166, Salmonella typhimurium KCTC 2515, S. enteritidis KCTC 2021, Escherichia coli ATCC 8739, E. coli O157:H7 ATCC 43888, Enterobacter aerogenes KCTC 2190, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538 and S. aureus KCTC 1916, were found in the range of 9.4 to 14.2 mm. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bacteri... Journal of Biosciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4460223 Wed, 01 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4460223 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4460222&cid=s_37331_61_f&fid=37331&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21289436%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Singh PK, Iyer SV, Sowjanya TN, Raj BK, Kasbekar DP In Neurospora crassa, crosses between normal sequence strains and strains bearing some translocations can yield progeny bearing a duplication (Dp) of the translocated chromosome segment. Here, 30 breakpoint junction sequences of 12 Dp-generating translocations were determined. The breakpoints disrupted 13 genes (including predicted genes), and created 10 novel open reading frames. Insertion of sequences from LG III into LG I as translocation T(UK8-18) disrupts the eat-3 gene, which is the ortholog of the Podospora anserine gene ami1. Since ami1-homozygous Podospora crosses were reported to increase the frequency of repeat-induced point mutation (RIP), we performed crosses homozygous for a deficiency in eat-3 to test for a cor... Journal of Biosciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4460222 Wed, 01 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4460222 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4460221&cid=s_37331_61_f&fid=37331&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21289437%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Prakash K, Rath PC Interferon regulatory factor-2 (IRF-2) is an important transcription factor involved in cell growth regulation, immune response and cancer. IRF-2 can function as a transcriptional repressor and activator depending on its DNA-binding activity and protein-protein interactions. We compared the amino acid sequences of IRF-2 and found a C-terminal tetrapeptide (314PAPV317) of mouse IRF-2 to be different (314SSSM317) from human IRF-2. Recombinant GST-IRF-2 with 314PAPV317 (wild type) and 314SSSM317 (mutant) expressed in Escherichia coli were assessed for DNA-binding activity with 32P-(GAAAGT) 4 by electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA). Wild type- and mutant GST-IRF-2 showed similar expression patterns and immunoreactivities but different DNA-binding activiti... Journal of Biosciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4460221 Wed, 01 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4460221 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4460220&cid=s_37331_61_f&fid=37331&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21289438%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) and the PDQuest software analysis were applied to compare the differential expression of irinotecan-resistance-associated protein in human colon adenocarcinoma LoVo cells and irinotecan-resistant LoVo cells (LoVo/irinotecan). The differential protein dots were excised and analysed by ESI-Q-TOF mass spectrometry (MS). Fifteen proteins were identified, including eight proteins with decreased expression and seven proteins with increased expression. The identified known proteins included those that function in diverse biological processes such as cellular transcription, cell apoptosis, electron transport/redox regulation, cell proliferation/differentiation and retinol metabolism pathways. Identification of such proteins could allow impr... Journal of Biosciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4460220 Wed, 01 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4460220 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4460219&cid=s_37331_61_f&fid=37331&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21289439%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Ignacimuthu S, Shanmugam N In folk medicine, Adhatoda vasica Ness. (Acanthaceae) is used to treat asthma and cough. The leaves of A. vasica were powdered and extracted with hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol. The hexane extract showed 97 percent reduction in colony-forming units (CFU) at 100 meu g/ml. The hexane extract was subjected to column chromatography. Two natural compounds, vasicine acetate and 2-acetyl benzylamine, were isolated from it. They were bioassayed against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The two compounds showed strong antimycobacterial activity. Vasicine acetate and 2-acetyl benzylamine isolated from hexane extract of A. vasica leaves, significantly inhibited M. tuberculosis and one multi-drug-resistant (MDR) strain and one sensitive strain at 200 and 50 meu g/... Journal of Biosciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4460219 Wed, 01 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4460219 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4460218&cid=s_37331_61_f&fid=37331&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21289440%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Sethi S, Chaturvedi CM To study the underlying mechanism of gonadal growth during the attainment of puberty and to test a coincidence model, 7 experimental groups of 2-week-old male mice, Mus musculus, were administered the serotonin precursor, 5-hydroxytryptophan, followed by the dopamine precursor, L-dihydroxyphenylalanine at hourly intervals of 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 and 12 h (5 mg/100 g body weight per day for 13 days). At 11 days post-treatment, a suppression of gonadal activity was seen in the 7-h mice and a maximum suppression in the 8-h mice, along with a significantly increased degree of gonadal development in the 12-h mice, as compared with the controls. In addition to its known regulation of seasonal gonadal cycles, the relative position of two circadian neural oscillat... Journal of Biosciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4460218 Wed, 01 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4460218 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4460217&cid=s_37331_61_f&fid=37331&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21289441%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Kao PH, Chiou YL, Lin SR, Chang LS To elucidate the contribution of phospholipase A 2 (PLA2) activity of notexin to its ability to perturb membranes, comparative studies on the interaction of notexin and guanidinated notexin (Gu-notexin) with egg yolk phosphatidylcholine (EYPC), EYPC/egg yolk sphingomyelin (EYSM) and EYPC/EYSM/cholesterol vesicles were conducted. EYSM notably reduced the membrane-damaging activity of notexin against EYPC vesicles, but had an insignificant influence on that of Gu-notexin. Unlike the effects noted with notexin, inactivation of PLA 2 activity by EDTA led to a reduction in the ability of Gu-notexin to induce EYPC/EYSM vesicle leakage and to increase Gu-notexin-induced membrane permeability of EYPC/EYSM/cholesterol vesicles. The geometrical arrange... Journal of Biosciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4460217 Wed, 01 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4460217 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4460216&cid=s_37331_61_f&fid=37331&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21289442%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Jeng YR, Mao CP Many researchers have reported that the robust adhesion that enables geckos to move quickly and securely across a range of vertical and horizontal surfaces is provided by the hierarchical structure of their feet (i.e. lamellae, setae, spatulae, etc.). Maintaining this robust adhesion requires an intimate contact between the terminal tips of the spatulae and the surface. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect on the adhesive properties of the spatulae when a particle becomes trapped at the contact surface. Using the Johnson, Kendall and Roberts (JKR) theory, a model was constructed to assist in the analysis of the interactions between the spatula tip, the particle and the surface. The results showed that the keratin (the natural material of the spat... Journal of Biosciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4460216 Wed, 01 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4460216 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4460215&cid=s_37331_61_f&fid=37331&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21289443%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Rana T, Chandel V, Kumar Y, Ram R, Hallan V, Zaidi AA The complete sequences of the coat protein (CP) gene of 26 isolates of Apple chlorotic leaf spot virus (ACLSV) from India were determined. The isolates were obtained from various pome (apple, pear and quince) and stone (plum, peach, apricot, almond and wild Himalayan cherry) fruit trees. Other previously characterized ACLSV isolates and Trichoviruses were used for comparative analysis. Indian ACLSV isolates among themselves and with isolates from elsewhere in the world shared 91-100% and 70-98% sequence identities at the amino acid and nucleotide levels, respectively. The highest degree of variability was observed in the middle portion with 9 amino acid substitutions in contrast to the N-terminal and C-terminal ends, which ... Journal of Biosciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4460215 Wed, 01 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4460215 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4460214&cid=s_37331_61_f&fid=37331&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21289444%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, the occurrences of nucleotide features in 16S rDNA sequences have been used to ascertain the taxonomic placement of organisms. The tetra- and penta-nucleotide features were extracted from the training data set of the 16S rDNA sequence, and was subjected to an artificial neural network (ANN) based tool known as self-organizing map (SOM), which helped in visualization of unsupervised classification. For selection of significant features, principal component analysis (PCA) or curvilinear component analysis (CCA) was applied. The SOM along with these techniques could discriminate the sample sequences with more than 90% accuracy, highlighting the relevance of features. To ascertain the confidence level in the developed classification approach, the test data set was specifically e... Journal of Biosciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4460214 Wed, 01 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4460214 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4460213&cid=s_37331_61_f&fid=37331&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21289445%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Tiple AD, Padwad SV, Dapporto L, Dennis RL Male mate location behaviour and encounter sites have been studied in 72 butterfly species at Nagpur, India, and related to taxonomy, morphology, habitat and population parameters. Species can be placed in three broad classes of mate location behaviour: invariant patrolling, invariant perching, and perch-patrol, the latter associated with increasing site fidelity, territorial defence and male assemblages. Significant taxonomic differences occur, closely related species tending to share mate location behaviours. Morphological differences are found with heavier and larger butterflies displaying greater site fidelity and territorial defence, and differences occur between individuals of species which both perch and patrol. Invariant patro... Journal of Biosciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4460213 Wed, 01 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4460213 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4460212&cid=s_37331_61_f&fid=37331&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21289446%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Adhya D, Basu A Viruses have evolved with their hosts, which include all living species. This has been partly responsible for the development of highly advanced immune systems in the hosts. However, viruses too have evolved ways to regulate and evade the host's immune defence. In addition to mutational mechanisms that viruses employ to mimic the host genome and undergo latency to evade the host's recognition of the pathogen, they have also developed epigenetic mechanisms by which they can render the host's immune responses inactive to their antigens. The epigenetic regulation of gene expression is intrinsically active inside the host and is involved in regulating gene expression and cellular differentiation. Viral immune evasion strategies are an area of major concern in moder... Journal of Biosciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4460212 Wed, 01 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4460212 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4460211&cid=s_37331_61_f&fid=37331&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21289447%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Li M, Song L, Qin X Complex carbohydrates, which are major components of the cell membrane, perform important functions in cell-cell and cell-extracellular matrix interactions, as well as in signal transduction. They comprise three kinds of biomolecules: glycoproteins, proteoglycans and glycosphingolipids. Recent studies have also shown that glycan changes in malignant cells take a variety of forms and mediate key pathophysiological events during the various stages of tumour progression. Glycosylation changes are universal hallmarks of malignant transformation and tumour progression in human cancer, which take place on the whole cells or some specific molecules. Accordingly, those changes make them prominent candidates for cancer biomarkers in the meantime. This review mainly ... Journal of Biosciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4460211 Wed, 01 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4460211 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3953518&cid=s_37331_61_f&fid=37331&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20826940%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Mishra NK PMID: 20826940 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Journal of Biosciences) Journal of Biosciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3953518 Tue, 31 Aug 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3953518 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3953517&cid=s_37331_61_f&fid=37331&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20826941%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Chatterjee S PMID: 20826941 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Journal of Biosciences) Journal of Biosciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3953517 Tue, 31 Aug 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3953517 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3953516&cid=s_37331_61_f&fid=37331&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20826942%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Bennett C, Kuhn AE, Haverkos HW PMID: 20826942 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Journal of Biosciences) Journal of Biosciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3953516 Tue, 31 Aug 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3953516 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3953515&cid=s_37331_61_f&fid=37331&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20826943%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Lloyd D, Wimpenny J, Venables A During 2009, while we were celebrating Charles Darwin and his The origin of species, sadly, little was said about the critical contribution of Alfred Russel Wallace (1823-1913) to the development of the theory of evolution. Like Darwin, he was a truly remarkable nineteenth century intellect and polymath and, according to a recent book by Roy Davies (The Darwin conspiracy: origins of a scientific crime), he has a stronger claim to the Theory of Evolution by Natural Selection than has Darwin. Here we present a critical comparison between the contributions of the two scientists. Sometimes referred to as 'The other beetle-hunter' and largely neglected for many decades, Wallace had a far greater experience of collecting and investigating animals and ... Journal of Biosciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3953515 Tue, 31 Aug 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3953515 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3953514&cid=s_37331_61_f&fid=37331&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20826944%26dopt%3DAbstract We present a new method termed as Improved N-mer based Detection of Genomic Islands Using Sequence-clustering (INDeGenIUS) for the identification of GIs. This method was applied to 400 completely sequenced species belonging to proteobacteria. Based on the genes encoded in the identified GIs, the GIs were grouped into 6 categories: metabolic islands, symbiotic islands, resistance islands, secretion islands, pathogenicity islands and motility islands. Several new islands of interest which had previously been missed out by earlier algorithms were picked up as GIs by INDeGenIUS. The present algorithm has potential application in the identification of functionally relevant GIs in the large number of genomes that are being sequenced. Investigation of the predicted GIs in pathogens may lead to id... Journal of Biosciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3953514 Tue, 31 Aug 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3953514 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3953513&cid=s_37331_61_f&fid=37331&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20826945%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Sun Z, Ren G, Ma Y, Wang N, Ji Y, Qi Y, Li M, He R, Ruan Q Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) mRNA was obtained from human embryonic lung fibroblast cells infected by HCMV clinical strains from urine samples of infants at different kinetic periods. The cDNA of UL131A-128 mRNAs was amplifi ed using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and analysed by sequencing. Meanwhile, clones containing UL131A-128 transcripts in an HCMV cDNA library of a clinical strain were selected and sequenced. It was demonstrated that UL131A-128 mRNA was expressed with immediately early, early and late kinetics. Sequences obtained by RT-PCR showed that the UL131A gene consisted of two exons and the coding region of the UL130 gene was not interrupted by any intron in the region as reported... Journal of Biosciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3953513 Tue, 31 Aug 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3953513 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3953512&cid=s_37331_61_f&fid=37331&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20826946%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Lima AP, Pereira Fde C, Vilanova-Costa CA, Ribeiro Ade S, Pavanin LA, Santos WB, Silveira-Lacerda Ede P Ruthenium (III) complexes are increasingly attracting the interest of researchers due to their promising pharmacological properties. Recently, we reported that the cis-(dichloro)tetrammineruthenium (III) chloride compound has cytotoxic effects on murine sarcoma 180 (S-180) cells. In an effort to understand the mechanism responsible for their cytotoxicity, study we investigated the genotoxicity, cell cycle distribution and induction of apoptosis caused by cis- (dichloro) tetrammineruthenium (III) chloride in S-180 tumour cells. cis-(dichloro) tetrammineruthenium (III) chloride treatment induced significant DNA damage in S-180 cells, as detected by the alkaline comet assay. In... Journal of Biosciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3953512 Tue, 31 Aug 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3953512 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3953511&cid=s_37331_61_f&fid=37331&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20826947%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Zang QW, Wang CX, Li XY, Guo ZA, Jing RL, Zhao J, Chang XP Plant cysteine protease (CP) genes are induced by abiotic stresses such as drought, yet their functions remain largely unknown. We isolated the full-length cDNA encoding a Triticum aestivum CP gene, designated TaCP, from wheat by the rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE) method. Sequence analysis revealed that TaCP contains an open reading frame encoding a protein of 362 amino acids, which is 96% identical to barley cysteine protease HvSF42. The TaCP transcript level in wheat seedlings was upregulated during polyethylene glycol (PEG) stress, with a peak appearing around 12 h after treatment. TaCP expression level increased rapidly with NaCl treatment at 48 h. TaCP responded strongly to low temperature (4 degree C) tr... Journal of Biosciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3953511 Tue, 31 Aug 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3953511 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3953510&cid=s_37331_61_f&fid=37331&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20826948%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Hassan SS, Choudhury PP, Pal A, Brahmachary RL, Goswami A Ligands for only two human olfactory receptors are known. One of them, OR1D2, binds to Bourgeonal, a volatile chemical constituent of the fragrance of the mythical flower, Lily of the valley or Our Lady's tears, Convallaria majalis (also the national flower of Finland). OR1D2, OR1D4 and OR1D5 are three full-length olfactory receptors present in an olfactory locus in the human genome. These receptors are more than 80% identical in DNA sequences and have 108 base pair mismatches among them. Apparently, these mismatch positions show no striking pattern using computer pattern recognition tools. In an attempt to find a mathematical rule in those mismatches, we find that an L-system generated sequence can be inserted into the... Journal of Biosciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3953510 Tue, 31 Aug 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3953510 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3953509&cid=s_37331_61_f&fid=37331&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20826949%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Sorouraddin MH, Amini K, Naseri A, Vallipour J, Hanaee J, Rashidi MR Lineweaver-Burk plot analysis is the most widely used method to determine enzyme kinetic parameters. In the spectrophotometric determination of enzyme activity using the Lineweaver-Burk plot, it is necessary to find a wavelength at which only the substrate or the product has absorbance without any spectroscopic interference of the other reaction components. Moreover, in this method, different initial concentrations of the substrate should be used to obtain the initial velocities required for Lineweaver-Burk plot analysis. In the present work, a multi-wavelength model-based method has been developed and validated to determine Michaelis-Menten constants for some enzyme reactions. In this method, a selective wav... Journal of Biosciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3953509 Tue, 31 Aug 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3953509 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3953508&cid=s_37331_61_f&fid=37331&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20826950%26dopt%3DAbstract The objectives of this study were to clone NPY cDNA, evaluate the mRNA levels in different tissues of flounder, and also evaluate brain NPY expression to associate food intake with NPY expression levels. A 597 bp NPY cDNA was cloned from Brazilian flounder brain. NPY expression was detected in all the peripheral tissues analysed. No significant differences were observed in brain NPY gene expression over 24 h after food intake at a temperature of 15 +or- 3 degrees C. No correlation was observed among plasma glucose, total protein, cholesterol, triglycerides and NPY expression levels during this 24 h period. On the other hand, mRNA levels were increased after two weeks of fasting at elevated temperatures. Our results suggest that NPY mRNA levels in Brazilian flounder are affected by temperat... Journal of Biosciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3953508 Tue, 31 Aug 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3953508 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3953507&cid=s_37331_61_f&fid=37331&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20826951%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Roat TC, Landim Cda C Colonies of the honey bee, Apis mellifera, consist of males and two female castes: workers and queens. The castes and males from A. mellifera have a distinct morphology, physiology and behaviour that correlate with their roles in the society and are characterized by some brain polymorphisms. Compound eyes are one of the characteristics that differ among the castes and sexes. A. mellifera is a holometabolous insect; therefore, the development of adult organs during metamorphosis, which will produce these differences, requires the precise coordination of three main programmed cellular processes: proliferation, differentiation and death. These processes take place simultaneously during pupation. Our purpose was to investigate cell division and death in the o... Journal of Biosciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3953507 Tue, 31 Aug 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3953507 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3953506&cid=s_37331_61_f&fid=37331&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20826952%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Singh H, Fernandes T, Apte SK Nitrogen-fixing cultures of two species of the filamentous, heterocystous cyanobacterium Anabaena, namely Anabaena sp. strain L-31 and Anabaena torulosa were found to be highly tolerant to à­ Co gamma radiation. No adverse effect on diazotrophic growth and metabolism were observed up to a dose of 5 kGy. At higher doses, radiation tolerance showed a correspondence with the inherent osmotolerance, with Anabaena L-31 being the more radiation tolerant as well as osmotolerant strain. In Anabaena L-31, exposure to 6 kGy of gamma rays resulted in genome disintegration, but did not reduce viability. Irradiation delayed heterocyst differentiation and nitrogen fixation, and marginally affected diazotrophic growth. All the affected parameters recovered af... Journal of Biosciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3953506 Tue, 31 Aug 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3953506 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3953505&cid=s_37331_61_f&fid=37331&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20826953%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Liu R, Lu B, Wang X, Zhang C, Zhang S, Qian J, Chen L, Shi H, Dong H The harpin protein HrpN Ea induces Arabidopsis resistance to the green peach aphid by activating the ethylene signalling pathway and by recruiting EIN2, an essential regulator of ethylene signalling, for a defence response in the plant. We investigated 37 ethylene-inducible Arabidopsis transcription factor genes for their effects on the activation of ethylene signalling and insect defence. Twenty-eight of the 37 genes responded to both ethylene and HrpN Ea, and showed either increased or inhibited transcription, while 18 genes showed increased transcription not only by ethylene but also by HrpN Ea. In response to HrpN Ea, transcription levels of 22 genes increased, with AtMYB44 being the most inducible, six g... Journal of Biosciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3953505 Tue, 31 Aug 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3953505 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3953504&cid=s_37331_61_f&fid=37331&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20826954%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Subbiah V, Reddy KJ In order to investigate the interaction of the plant hormones ethylene, abscisic acid (ABA) and cytokinin in seed germination and early seedling development, we studied germination in ethylene-related mutants of Arabidopsis. Mutations in the genes etr1 and ein2, which reduce ethylene responses, showed increased dormancy and a delay in germination in comparison with wild type. Mutations in etr1, ein2 and ein6 also resulted in increased sensitivity to ABA with respect to inhibition of germination. Conversely, mutations in ctr1 and eto3, which lead to an increased ethylene response and overproduction of ethylene, respectively, decreased sensitivity to ABA during germination. Increased ABA sensitivity was also effected in wild type seeds by the presence during ... Journal of Biosciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3953504 Tue, 31 Aug 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3953504 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3953503&cid=s_37331_61_f&fid=37331&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20826955%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, we report that 35S-OsWRKY72 transgenic Arabidopsis, whose seed germination was retarded under normal conditions, emerged more sensitive to mannitol, NaCl, ABA stresses and sugar starvation than vector plants. Meanwhile, 35S-OsWRKY72 transgenic Arabidopsis displayed early flowering, reduced apical dominance, lost high temperature-induced hypocotyl elongation response, and enhanced gravitropism response, which were similar to the auxin-related gene mutants aux1, axr1 and bud1. Further, semi-quantitative RT-PCR showed that the expression patterns of three auxin-related genes AUX1, AXR1 and BUD1 were significantly altered in rosette leaves and infl orescences of 35S-OsWRKY72 plants compared with control Arabidopsis, and two ABA-related genes ABA2 and ABI4 were induced in 35S-OsW... Journal of Biosciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3953503 Tue, 31 Aug 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3953503 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3953502&cid=s_37331_61_f&fid=37331&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20826956%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Yabaluri N, Bashyam MD Glucose homeostasis in mammals is achieved by the actions of counterregulatory hormones, namely insulin, glucagon and glucocorticoids. Glucose levels in the circulation are regulated by the liver, the metabolic centre which produces glucose when it is scarce in the blood. This process is catalysed by two rate-limiting enzymes, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) and glucose-6-phosphatase (G6Pase) whose gene expression is regulated by hormones. Hormone response units (HRUs) present in the two genes integrate signals from various signalling pathways triggered by hormones. How such domains are arranged in the regulatory region of these two genes, how this complex regulation is accomplished and the latest advancements in the field are discussed in this... Journal of Biosciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3953502 Tue, 31 Aug 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3953502 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3953501&cid=s_37331_61_f&fid=37331&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20826957%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Bardhan A Kinetochores mediate chromosome movement during cell division by interacting with the spindle microtubules. Sexual reproduction necessitates the daunting task of reducing ploidy (number of chromosome sets) in the gametes, which depends upon the specialized properties of meiosis. Kinetochores have a central role in the reduction process. In this review, we discuss the complexity of this role of kinetochores in meiosis-I. PMID: 20826957 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Journal of Biosciences) Journal of Biosciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3953501 Tue, 31 Aug 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3953501 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3833489&cid=s_37331_61_f&fid=37331&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20689170%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Sawarkar R, Paro R PMID: 20689170 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Journal of Biosciences) Journal of Biosciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3833489 Mon, 31 May 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3833489 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3833488&cid=s_37331_61_f&fid=37331&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20689171%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Nagegowda DA PMID: 20689171 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Journal of Biosciences) Journal of Biosciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3833488 Mon, 31 May 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3833488 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3833487&cid=s_37331_61_f&fid=37331&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20689172%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Salunke BK, Salunkhe RC, Patole MS, Shouche YS PMID: 20689172 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Journal of Biosciences) Journal of Biosciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3833487 Mon, 31 May 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3833487 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3833486&cid=s_37331_61_f&fid=37331&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20689173%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Morange M PMID: 20689173 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Journal of Biosciences) Journal of Biosciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3833486 Mon, 31 May 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3833486 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3833485&cid=s_37331_61_f&fid=37331&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20689174%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Barua AG, Rajbongshi S When a firefly is made to inhale ethyl acetate vapour, a constant glow appears after a few minutes from its abdominal lantern. This control experiment has been performed by a few workers to record the emission spectrum of the firefl y. However, a time-resolved experiment performed by us on this continuous light emitted by the species Luciola praeusta Kiesenwetter 1874 (Coleoptera : Lampyridae : Luciolinae) reveals that it is composed of a continuous train of tiny pulses! The nature of the pulses suggests that an oscillatory chemical reaction continues in the microsecond time scale in the lantern of the anaesthetized firefly. PMID: 20689174 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Journal of Biosciences) Journal of Biosciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3833485 Mon, 31 May 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3833485 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3833483&cid=s_37331_61_f&fid=37331&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20689175%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, the present study reports the highest detection rate of CREBBP mutations (76.9%) in RSTS patients to date, of which ten are predicted to be pathogenic and three critical for histone acetyltransferase activity. Moreover, identification of the association of CREBBP polymorphisms with disease susceptibility could be an important risk factor for the pathogenesis of RSTS. PMID: 20689175 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Journal of Biosciences) Journal of Biosciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3833483 Mon, 31 May 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3833483 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3833482&cid=s_37331_61_f&fid=37331&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20689176%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Tokalov SV, Enghardt W, Abolmaali N Studies that investigate the radiation of human tumour xenografts require an appropriate radiation source and highly standardized conditions during radiation. This work reports on the design of a standardized irradiation device using a commercially available X-ray tube with a custom constructed lead collimator with two circular apertures and an animal bed plate, permitting synchronous irradiation of two animals. Dosimetry and the corresponding methodology for radiotherapy of human non-small cell lung cancer xenograft tumours transplanted to and growing subcutaneously on the right lower limb in a nude rat model were investigated. Procedures and results described herein prove the feasibility of use of the device, which is applicable for any in... Journal of Biosciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3833482 Mon, 31 May 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3833482 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3833481&cid=s_37331_61_f&fid=37331&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20689177%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Shan Y, Wang C, Yang L, Chen LJ, Deng HX, Yang HS, Li Z, Li Z, Pan L, Leng F, Wei Y Anti-apoptosis plays an important role in tumour formation and development. Survivin is a member of the inhibitor of apoptosis (IAP) family, which is a target for anti-cancer drug exploitation was replaced as development. We investigated the role of the homo dominant-negative mutant Survivin-T34A in suppressing human lung adenocarcinomas (A549). The anti-tumour activity of HSurvivinT34A plasmid was evaluated in the A549 cell line and nude mice bearing A549 subcutaneous tumours. Low-dose systemic administration was continuously used. The HSurvivinT34A plasmid (5 meu g/one) complexed with a cationic liposome (DOTAP/Chol) significantly inhibited tumour growth in our model. We observed microvessel ... Journal of Biosciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3833481 Mon, 31 May 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3833481 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3833480&cid=s_37331_61_f&fid=37331&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20689178%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Dey N, Das A, Ghosh A, Chatterjee IB In this paper, we have made a comparative evaluation of the cytotoxicity and pathophysiological effects of mainstream smoke from cellulose acetate (CA)-filtered cigarettes with that of charcoal-filtered cigarettes developed in our laboratory. Previously, we had demonstrated that the mainstream smoke from an Indian CA-filtered commercial cigarette contains p-benzosemiquinone (p-BSQ), a major, highly toxic, long-lived water-soluble radical. Here, we have examined 16 brands of different CA-filtered cigarettes including Kentucky research cigarettes, and observed that mainstream smoke from all the cigarettes contains substantial amounts of p-BSQ (100-200 meu g/cigarette). We also show that when the CA filter is replaced by a charcoal filter, the... Journal of Biosciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3833480 Mon, 31 May 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3833480 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3833479&cid=s_37331_61_f&fid=37331&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20689179%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Policegoudra RS, Rehna K, Rao LJ, Aradhya SM Mango ginger (Curcuma amada Roxb.) rhizome is used in the manufacture of pickles and other food preparations due to its unique raw mango flavour. The chloroform extract of mango ginger rhizome was subjected to antibacterial activity-guided purification by repeated silica gel column chromatography to obtain a pure compound. The structure of the isolated compound was deduced by analysing UV, IR, LC-MS and 2D-HMQCT NMR spectral data, and named it as amadaldehyde, a novel compound. It exhibited a wide range of antibacterial activity with potential bactericidal activity against several bacteria. The purified compound also exhibited antioxidant activity, cytotoxicity and platelet aggregation inhibitory activities. PMID: 20689179 [PubM... Journal of Biosciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3833479 Mon, 31 May 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3833479 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3833478&cid=s_37331_61_f&fid=37331&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20689180%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Nguyen HT, Nam KH, Saleem Y, Kim KS The antioxidant protein, adhesin thiol peroxidase (HpTpx or HP0390), plays an important role in enabling Helicobacter pylori to survive gastric oxidative stress. The bacterium colonizes the host stomach and produces gastric cancer. However, little information is available about the biochemical characteristics of HpTpx. We expressed recombinant HpTpx in Escherichia coli, purifi ed to homogeneity, and characterized it. The results showed that HpTpx existed in a monomeric hydrodynamic form and the enzyme fully retained its peroxidase and antioxidant activities. The catalytic reaction of the enzyme was similar to an atypical 2-cysteine peroxiredoxin (Prx). The conformation of the enzyme was observed in the presence and absence of dithiothreitol ... Journal of Biosciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3833478 Mon, 31 May 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3833478 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3833477&cid=s_37331_61_f&fid=37331&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20689181%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Poiani SB, Cruz-Landim CD The cephalic salivary glands of some species of bees are exclusive and well developed only in Apinae. These glands were studied with light and scanning electron microscopy in workers, queens and males from the honey bee Apis mellifera, and the stingless bee Scaptotrigona postica in different life phases. The results show that the cephalic salivary glands are present in females of both the species, and in males of S. postica. Nevertheless, they are poorly developed in young males of A. mellifera. In both species, gland growth is progressive from the time of emergence to the oldest age but, in A. mellifera males, the gland degenerates with age. Scanning electron microscopy shows that the secretory units of newly emerged workers are collapsed while in ol... Journal of Biosciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3833477 Mon, 31 May 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3833477 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3833476&cid=s_37331_61_f&fid=37331&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20689182%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Ota K, Kohda M, Sato T When males are the larger sex, a positive allometric relationship between male and female sizes is often found across populations of a single species (i.e. Rensch's rule). This pattern is typically explained by a sexual selection pressure on males. Here, we report that the allometric relationship was negative across populations of a shell-brooding cichlid fish Lamprologus callipterus, although males are extremely larger than females. Male L. callipterus collect and defend empty snail shells in each of which a female breeds. We found that, across six populations, male and female sizes are positively correlated with not only sexual and fecundity selection indices, but also with shell sizes. Given their different reproductive behaviours, these correlations ... Journal of Biosciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3833476 Mon, 31 May 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3833476