MedWorm.com provides a medical RSS filtering service. Over 6000 RSS medical sources are combined and output via different filters. This feed contains the latest items from the 'Journal of Community Health' source. Sat, 20 Mar 2010 15:32:44 +0100 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3369066&cid=s_35985_46_f&fid=35985&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fc10887434345k682%2F Content Type Journal ArticleCategory ErratumDOI 10.1007/s10900-010-9246-5Authors Tracy L. Fuhrmann, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry Rochester NY USAAnne Brayer, University of Rochester Medical Center Department of Emergency Medicine and Pediatrics Rochester NY USANoelle Andrus, University of Rochester School of Nursing Rochester NY USAScott McIntosh, University of Rochester Medical Center Department of Community & Preventive Medicine 120 Corporate Woods, Suite 350 Rochester NY 14623 USA Journal Journal of Community HealthOnline ISSN 1573-3610Print ISSN 0094-5145 (Source: Journal of Community Health) Journal of Community Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3369066 Sun, 14 Mar 2010 11:24:30 +0100 3369066 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3363489&cid=s_35985_46_f&fid=35985&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F2721r71371940752%2F Content Type Journal ArticleCategory ErratumDOI 10.1007/s10900-010-9248-3Authors April P. Carson, Shaw University The Institute for Health, Social, and Community Research 118 E. South Street Raleigh NC 27601 USADaJuanicia N. Holmes, Shaw University The Institute for Health, Social, and Community Research 118 E. South Street Raleigh NC 27601 USADaniel L. Howard, Meharry Medical College The Robert Wood Johnson Foundation Center for Health Policy 1005 D.B. Todd Jr. Blvd. Nashville TN 37208 USA Journal Journal of Community HealthOnline ISSN 1573-3610Print ISSN 0094-5145 (Source: Journal of Community Health) Journal of Community Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3363489 Fri, 12 Mar 2010 06:53:30 +0100 3363489 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3363488&cid=s_35985_46_f&fid=35985&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fa24755686k72171g%2F The objective of this review was to summarize the current literature of community-based colorectal cancer screening randomized controlled trials with multi-ethnic groups. The CDC reports 40% of adults do not receive time-appropriate colorectal cancer screening. Although overall screening rates have improved since 2000, disparities remain. Studies examining community characteristics may offer insight into improving screening rates and eliminating disparities. We identified community-based colorectal cancer screening studies using PubMed and Ovid Medline database searches. Inclusion criteria were: community-based, randomized controlled trials; English language; published from 1/2001 to 8/2009; all colorectal cancer screening test interventions recommended in the 2008 “Joint Consensus... Journal of Community Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3363488 Fri, 12 Mar 2010 06:53:30 +0100 3363488 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3330160&cid=s_35985_46_f&fid=35985&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fl404144422286p43%2F This study assessed the association of weight change between middle and older adulthood and functional limitations among 2,531 older African-American and white participants, ages 65 and older at baseline (1987), from the Piedmont Health Survey of the Elderly. Weight gainers had ≥8% increase in weight, weight losers had >8% decrease in weight, and weight maintainers had <8% increase or decrease between age 50 and baseline. Functional limitations were categorized as none (0), mild (1–3), or severe (4 or more) using items from the activities of daily living scale by Katz and the extremity function scale by Nagi. Modified Poisson regression was used to assess these associations in crude and adjusted analyses. Weight gain and weight loss between age 50 and baseline were associa... Journal of Community Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3330160 Tue, 02 Mar 2010 10:04:34 +0100 3330160 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3330162&cid=s_35985_46_f&fid=35985&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fu724358512648l7g%2F This study provides an estimate of the scale of smoking cessation activities among Thai pharmacies, and examines the impact of both the brief and comprehensive training programs on the provision of smoking cessation services. A self-administered questionnaire was mailed to 3,600 Thai community pharmacists. A total of 1,001 questionnaires were returned (response rate: 27.8%). Smoking cessation services were provided by 71.1% of the respondents, and 47.4% of such services gave only brief advice. Comprehensive services (defined by the 5A’s: ask, advise, assess, assist, and arrange follow-up) accounted for 15.3% of the respondents. Only 293 pharmacists (29.6%) said they had received cessation training; 62.5% of whom had received such training from TPNTC. The receipt of brief and compre... Journal of Community Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3330162 Tue, 02 Mar 2010 10:04:33 +0100 3330162 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3330161&cid=s_35985_46_f&fid=35985&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F400824268tj18624%2F Abstract  Poison control centers have been shown to be a cost-effective alternative to healthcare visits for poisoning exposures, yet emergency departments (ED) and urgent care centers (UCC) continue to be frequently accessed for poisoning exposures in young children. We sought to identify predictors of young children who obtain healthcare for a nontoxic poisoning exposure. Poisoning exposure cases for children ≤5 years old who sought ED, UCC, or clinic care between 2001 and 2005 from an urban regional pediatric hospital system were identified from poisoning ICD-9 codes in the hospital administrative data and from a poisoning designation in the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (NEISS) data. Cases (n = 2,494) were reviewed and categorized as eit... Journal of Community Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3330161 Tue, 02 Mar 2010 10:04:33 +0100 3330161 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3315801&cid=s_35985_46_f&fid=35985&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F4213wk6282478v67%2F Abstract  We sought to develop a smoking-cessation intervention for male Chinese restaurant workers in New York City that required no seeking out by participants; provided support over a relatively long period of time; and was responsive to participants’ cultural backgrounds and daily lives. The resulting intervention consisted of a minimum of 9 proactive phone counseling sessions within a 6-month period for each participant recruited at his worksite. All activities were conducted in Chinese languages. The efficacy of this proactive phone-counseling intervention was assessed in a pretest/posttest design comparing baseline smoking with smoking 6 months after the intervention ended. Of 137 male employees recruited at their restaurants, 101 (median age 40.5) participate... Journal of Community Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3315801 Fri, 26 Feb 2010 06:46:11 +0100 3315801 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3305277&cid=s_35985_46_f&fid=35985&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fg77r672778k3475j%2F This study aimed to (1) determine among original SAIFE homes if the lithium-powered alarms were still present and functional 8–10 years after installation and (2) understand factors related to smoke alarm presence and functionality. Data on a total of 384 homes and 601 smoke alarms in five states were collected and analyzed. Only one-third of alarms were still functional; 37% of installed alarms were missing; and 30% of alarms were present, but not functioning. Alarms were less likely to be functioning if they were installed in the kitchen and if homes had a different resident at follow-up. Of the 351 alarms that were present and had a battery at the time of the evaluation, only 21% contained lithium-powered batteries. Of these, 78% were still functioning. Programs that instal... Journal of Community Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3305277 Tue, 23 Feb 2010 07:51:13 +0100 3305277 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3305278&cid=s_35985_46_f&fid=35985&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fw3m56gx5676438n1%2F Abstract  Tobacco use is a modifiable risk factor that has many characteristics of a chronic illness. We analyzed longitudinal data from participants in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study (ARIC) and the Cardiovascular Health Study (CHS) and compared tobacco use to other chronic illnesses to evaluate effects on mortality. We limited our analysis to 20,293 participants aged 45 and older at baseline. We determined smoking status, diabetes status, hypertension, cardiovascular disease (ASCVD), and lung disease status at baseline. We developed Cox proportional hazard models, adjusting for age, sex and race and all comorbid diseases, to determine the effect of disease on mortality at up to 13 years of follow-up, 3,022 study participants died during the follow-up pe... Journal of Community Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3305278 Tue, 23 Feb 2010 07:51:07 +0100 3305278 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3270809&cid=s_35985_46_f&fid=35985&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Ft4101118443835vt%2F Discussion: The “Syphilis and Men” video is a brief, cost-limited intervention to promote syphilis knowledge among Black and Hispanic MSM that can potentially be implemented in various venues. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original PaperDOI 10.1007/s10900-010-9239-4Authors John P. Sánchez, Jacobi Medical Center Department of Emergency Medicine 1400 Pelham Pkwy South Bronx NY 10461 USAConair Guilliames, Jacobi Medical Center Department of Emergency Medicine 1400 Pelham Pkwy South Bronx NY 10461 USANelson F. Sánchez, Memorial Sloane Kettering Cancer Center 1275 York Ave New York NY 10021 USAYvette Calderon, Jacobi Medical Center Department of Emergency Medicine 1400 Pelham Pkwy South Bronx NY 10461 USAWilliam B. Burton, Albert Einstein College of Medicine Jack and Pearl Re... Journal of Community Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3270809 Fri, 12 Feb 2010 07:10:38 +0100 3270809 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3265706&cid=s_35985_46_f&fid=35985&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fcl66351854456272%2F Abstract  Health professionals in community settings are generally unprepared for disasters. From 2006 to 2008 the California Statewide Area Health Education Center (AHEC) program conducted 90 table top exercises in community practice sites in 18 counties. The exercises arranged and facilitated by AHEC trained local coordinators and trainers were designed to assist health professionals in developing and applying their practice site emergency plans using simulated events about pandemic influenza or other emergencies. Of the 1,496 multidisciplinary health professionals and staff participating in the exercises, 1,176 (79%) completed learner evaluation forms with 92–98% of participants rating the training experiences as good to excellent. A few reported helpful effects when a... Journal of Community Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3265706 Wed, 10 Feb 2010 06:48:31 +0100 3265706 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3265705&cid=s_35985_46_f&fid=35985&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fv55623n76x8707xn%2F Abstract  A key tenet of community-based participatory research is that communities be involved in all facets of research, from defining the problem to identifying solutions, to assisting in the research, and to participating in the publication of results. In this study, we instituted a small grants program for community participation. A Request for Applications (RFA) was developed and circulated widely throughout the Valley. The RFA sought proposals to address health disparities in cancer education, prevention, and treatment among Hispanics living in the Valley. Funds available were $2,500.00–3,500.00 for 1 year’s worth of work. To help evaluate the progress of the RFA community projects according to the perspectives of the Community Advisory Board (CAB), an open-... Journal of Community Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3265705 Wed, 10 Feb 2010 06:48:31 +0100 3265705 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3265707&cid=s_35985_46_f&fid=35985&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F41531525371406p1%2F Abstract  Late diagnosis of HIV infection contributes to poor medical outcomes and helps sustain continued transmission of virus. Published evidence suggests that despite current public health recommendations, patients receiving care in the Veterans Health Administration (VHA) system are not being routinely tested for HIV infection. Using a sample of computer-literate veterans, we conducted a survey of recent testing experiences. My HealtheVet (MHV) is a secure website allowing registered Veterans to access limited personal VHA health information. Using the American Customer Satisfaction Index (ACSI) Survey, an electronic questionnaire on “health screening” was conducted in late Fall/early winter 2008–2009. A random sample (4%) of MHV users were surveyed; approximately... Journal of Community Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3265707 Wed, 10 Feb 2010 06:48:30 +0100 3265707 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3265708&cid=s_35985_46_f&fid=35985&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F620g257111876187%2F In this study we determine if neighborhood social capital is associated with glucose control, independent of individual factors. We performed a cross-sectional study of Black veterans with diabetes living in Philadelphia. We merged individual-level data from surveys and charts with six area-level social capital descriptors. Holding all other variables constant, patients who lived in neighborhoods that scored near the 5th percentile of working together to improve the neighborhood were estimated to have glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) values that were at least one point above a conservative clinical definition of “diabetes control” (HbA1c ≤ 8%). If these same patients were to live in neighborhoods in the 95th percentile, their expected HbA1c would be over ½ a point bel... Journal of Community Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3265708 Tue, 09 Feb 2010 06:46:08 +0100 3265708 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3257669&cid=s_35985_46_f&fid=35985&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fv10j23186983x254%2F Abstract  Hmong Americans face high cancer mortality rates even in comparison to their Asian American counterparts, and report low utilization of cancer screenings. To date, no study has been conducted on the cultural barriers this population faces in undergoing cancer screenings. A systematic review of the literature was conducted to examine the existing knowledge regarding the barriers to cancer screening for Hmong Americans. Potential barriers were identified from this examination to include: health access factors (type of health insurance, ethnicity of provider, low English proficiency, and years spent in the U.S.); cultural factors (belief in the spiritual etiology of diseases, patriarchal values, modesty, and mistrust of the western medical system); and cancer literac... Journal of Community Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3257669 Sat, 06 Feb 2010 08:20:05 +0100 3257669 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3248348&cid=s_35985_46_f&fid=35985&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fd81534048271m1v4%2F Abstract  Asian Americans, compared with other racial/ethnic groups, are disproportionately affected by Hepatitis B disease. The literature suggests that knowledge and awareness of prevention strategies such as receiving hepatitis B screening and vaccination are potential factors associated with occurrence of hepatitis B and liver cancer, while it is unclear how baseline characteristics relate to these effective hepatitis B prevention strategies. In the study, five Asian–American groups in the state of Maryland completed self-administered pre- and post-test after receiving lectures on hepatitis B prevention, and participated in blood screening for Hepatitis B. T-test and one-way ANOVA were used to explore the differences of baseline characteristics among these participants... Journal of Community Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3248348 Fri, 05 Feb 2010 07:00:50 +0100 3248348 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3248349&cid=s_35985_46_f&fid=35985&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fl4815602320x016m%2F Abstract  Human papillomavirus (HPV) was one of the most common sexually transmitted infections in women of child-bearing age in the US. It was estimated that nearly three out of every four American women between the ages of 15 and 49 would be infected with genital HPV over the course of their lifetime. Human papillomavirus was present in almost 100% of cervical cancers. Despite this growing epidemic, there was little knowledge and awareness of HPV among the general public. HPV was most often detected in abnormal Pap test results. However, women undergoing Pap tests lacked basic knowledge about HPV testing, abnormal results, and follow-up procedures. The purpose of this study was to determine women’s knowledge of HPV and their perceptions of the education they received fr... Journal of Community Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3248349 Fri, 05 Feb 2010 07:00:49 +0100 3248349 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3248350&cid=s_35985_46_f&fid=35985&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F42812tr3221723n1%2F This study used data from 17,830 middle and high school students who participated in the 2007 Oregon Health Teens Survey. Structural equations modeling indicated that perceived community disapproval of adolescents’ alcohol use was directly and positively related to perceived local police enforcement of underage drinking laws. In addition, adolescents’ personal beliefs appeared to mediate the relationship between perceived enforcement of underage drinking laws and past-30-day alcohol use. Enforcement of underage drinking laws appeared to partially mediate the relationship between perceived community disapproval and personal beliefs related to alcohol use. Results of this study suggests that environmental prevention efforts to reduce underage drinking should target adults’ attit... Journal of Community Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3248350 Fri, 05 Feb 2010 07:00:48 +0100 3248350 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3248351&cid=s_35985_46_f&fid=35985&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fn1760r4x565u0nq2%2F Abstract  Data from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2005/2006 show that 32.7% of US adults are overweight (BMI 25.0–29.9), 34.3% are obese (BMI 30–39.9), and 5.9% are extremely obese (BMI ≥ 40). For the first time, the number of obese American adults is greater than those who are merely overweight. Negative attitudes and fat phobia toward the overweight exist not only in the general population, but also among health professionals including dietitians and dietetics students. The purpose of this study was to determine if fat phobia might be reduced among future professionals by putting students on a calorie-restricted diet for a short period. Forty dietetics and health promotion students enrolled in a university obesity course completed the Fa... Journal of Community Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3248351 Thu, 04 Feb 2010 06:46:38 +0100 3248351 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3242523&cid=s_35985_46_f&fid=35985&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Ft62g56771068r510%2F This study examined whether demographic factors of the store neighborhood or store size have an impact on the availability and price of healthy foods in sample of grocery stores and supermarkets. The Nutrition Environment Measures Study-Store (NEMS-S) instrument, a standardized observational survey, was utilized to evaluate food stores (N = 42) in a multi-site (Vermont and Arkansas) study in 2008. Census data associated with store census tract (median household income and proportion African-American) were used to characterize store neighborhood and number of cash registers was used to quantify store size. Median household income was significantly associated with the NEMS healthy food availability score (r = 0.36, P < 0.05); neither racial composition ... Journal of Community Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3242523 Wed, 03 Feb 2010 06:50:23 +0100 3242523 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3242522&cid=s_35985_46_f&fid=35985&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Ft4q6u0r074824207%2F In this study we sought to identify the types and frequencies of nonfinancial access barriers faced by low-income uninsured adults, as well as determine how frequently nonfinancial barriers coexist with financial access barriers in this population. We conducted a telephone survey of 1,118 low-income uninsured adults in Alameda, California, Austin, Texas, and Southern Maine who had enrolled in local access programs funded through the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation’s Communities in Charge initiative. Financial barriers were the most often cited barrier to access in each of the three groups, though nonfinancial barriers were often cited as well. Across all three populations, one-third to one-half of respondents with financial access barriers also cited one or more nonfinancial barrier... Journal of Community Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3242522 Wed, 03 Feb 2010 06:50:23 +0100 3242522 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3242524&cid=s_35985_46_f&fid=35985&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fh010037443778138%2F We examined whether a lifetime history of incarceration is associated with recent access to medical and dental care. We performed a secondary data analysis of the 2007 Los Angeles County Health Survey, a population-based random-digit-dialing telephone survey of county households. Any history of incarceration in a prison/jail/detention center as an adult was assessed for a random subsample. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses examined whether incarceration history was associated with access to care, controlling for other characteristics. Ten percent of our study population reported a history of incarceration. While persons with an incarceration history were similar to their peers with regard to health and insurance status, their access to medical and dental care wa... Journal of Community Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3242524 Wed, 03 Feb 2010 06:50:17 +0100 3242524 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3242525&cid=s_35985_46_f&fid=35985&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fr263r7k392558413%2F Abstract  Various interventions have been implemented to increase the rate of colon cancer screening. The purpose of this study was to determine if persons who are regular patients of a clinic, ages 50–64 years, and not up-to-date with colon cancer screening will complete the at-home fecal-immunochemical test (FIT) if it is mailed to them. This intervention was designed to have the subject avoid the signing of an informed consent and having to ask for the screening test; and, only one stool specimen was needed. Three hundred and fifty potential subjects were randomly selected from an electronic medical record database after meeting inclusion criteria. Eighty-seven fecal immunochemical tests were returned. Seven of the FIT kit results were positive for occult blood. E... Journal of Community Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3242525 Tue, 02 Feb 2010 06:59:21 +0100 3242525 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3242526&cid=s_35985_46_f&fid=35985&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F90l3r07v17837678%2F Abstract  Injection drug use is especially risky for new injectors. To understand the social and environmental contexts in which risks occur, we interviewed individuals who had initiated injection within the past 3 years (n = 146, 69.2% male) about the circumstances and rationales for their initial injection events. Respondents typically initiated injection due to tolerance (49.3%) and/or for experimentation (61.1%). Most (86.2%) did not possess the technical skills required to self-inject, and relied on the assistance of someone older (58.5%). While low levels of syringe sharing (5.8%) were reported, a majority of respondents (60.5%) engaged in at least one type of behavioral risk. Female injectors were more likely than male injectors to rely on another indiv... Journal of Community Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3242526 Tue, 02 Feb 2010 06:59:20 +0100 3242526 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3242528&cid=s_35985_46_f&fid=35985&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F0v84g4m676652ht0%2F Abstract  In the last several years, the number of Master of Public Health (MPH) programs has increased rapidly in the US. As such, MPH programs, particularly smaller-sized ones, need to critically examine how their programs are meeting the needs and preferences of local public health practitioners. To assist in this necessity, the University of New Hampshire conducted a comprehensive educational assessment of its effectiveness as a smaller-sized, accredited MPH program. The aim of the assessment was to review the MPH program from the perspective of all stakeholders and then to agree on changes that would contribute to the fulfillment of the program’s mission, as well as improve program quality and reach. The program’s stakeholders examined the following components: pol... Journal of Community Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3242528 Tue, 02 Feb 2010 06:59:18 +0100 3242528 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3242527&cid=s_35985_46_f&fid=35985&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fg7115g425p91311w%2F Abstract  Modern dancers suffer a high rate of musculoskeletal injuries. Preventing injury prolongs dance careers and eases financial burden on both individual dancers and dance companies alike. A medical student partnered with Garth Fagan Dance to develop a curriculum to teach principles of injury prevention specific to preprofessional and professional modern dancers. Quantitative assessments showed a significant increase in participant injury prevention knowledge after completion of the course (P < 0.0001). Participants’ concern that injury may end their careers showed no significant change after the course (P = 0.35). Injury prevention and dance-related injuries were reported the most often as useful topics while weight management was reported the ... Journal of Community Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3242527 Tue, 02 Feb 2010 06:59:18 +0100 3242527 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3230338&cid=s_35985_46_f&fid=35985&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fw28015279h875j13%2F Abstract  One of the major greenhouse gases is the methane released from ruminants. Greenhouse gas emissions in the agricultural portion of the economy may benefit from biologically based remediation strategies, including potential use of probiotics in animal husbandry. A broad range of disciplines (including climatologists, microbiologists, biochemists, physical chemists, agricultural economists) can assist in biological strategies to reduce agricultural methane emissions. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original PaperDOI 10.1007/s10900-010-9219-8Authors Neil J. Nusbaum, VA North Texas Health Care System ACOS/E (141) Dallas TX 75216 USA Journal Journal of Community HealthOnline ISSN 1573-3610Print ISSN 0094-5145 (Source: Journal of Community Health) Journal of Community Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3230338 Fri, 29 Jan 2010 12:18:31 +0100 3230338 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3230339&cid=s_35985_46_f&fid=35985&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fm821341706103573%2F Abstract  Little is known about the impact of smoke-free legislation on smoking and drinking alcohol among college students. The purpose was to examine whether strength and duration of municipal smoke-free laws are associated with cigarette and alcohol use among college students. Full-time undergraduates from two Southeastern universities participated in mailed (Site A) or electronic (Site B) surveys assessing tobacco and alcohol use and other risk behaviors pre and post comprehensive municipal smoke-free laws (Site A, N = 1,366. Site B, N = 1,404). The first cohort at each site participated prior to a municipal smoke-free law in the community. The second survey was conducted post-law (Site A, 3.5 years, Site B, 8 months). Past 30-day cigarette ... Journal of Community Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3230339 Fri, 29 Jan 2010 12:18:30 +0100 3230339 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3224593&cid=s_35985_46_f&fid=35985&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fn8626737650k12t8%2F This study provides initial evidence that the T-CSHCI-Provider Form measures independent dimensions of patient-centered culturally sensitive health care as perceived by medical students. Recommendations for ways in which the T-CSHCI Provider Form can be used to guide culturally sensitive health care training are provided. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original PaperDOI 10.1007/s10900-009-9212-2Authors Anca Mirsu-Paun, University of South Florida Counseling Center East Fowler Avenue, SVC 2124 4202 Tampa FL 33620 USACarolyn M. Tucker, University of Florida Department of Psychology P.O. Box 112250 Gainesville FL 32611 USAKeith C. Herman, University of Missouri Educational, School, and Counseling Psychology 16 Hill Hall Columbia MO 65211 USACaridad A. Hernandez, University of Pit... Journal of Community Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3224593 Thu, 28 Jan 2010 07:02:10 +0100 3224593 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3207330&cid=s_35985_46_f&fid=35985&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fk43765185lp54p82%2F Abstract  The purpose of this study was to investigate the current perceptions and practices of discussing firearm risk management with patients diagnosed with selected mental health problems. A three-wave survey was mailed to a national random sample of clinical psychologists and 339 responded (62%). The majority (78.5%) believed firearm safety issues were greater among those with mental health problems. However, the majority of clinical psychologists did not have a routine system for identifying patients with access to firearms (78.2%). Additionally, the majority (78.8%) reported they did not routinely chart or keep a record of whether patients owned or had access to firearms. About one-half (51.6%) of the clinical psychologists reported they would initiate firearm safety... Journal of Community Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3207330 Fri, 22 Jan 2010 10:11:37 +0100 3207330 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3196554&cid=s_35985_46_f&fid=35985&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fk16780t336332543%2F This study identified current practices and policies related to testing school children for latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) in Connecticut. A cross-sectional survey was mailed to a random sample of community pediatricians and family practitioners in Connecticut who provide health care services to children aged 4–18 years. The main outcome measure was adherence to national guidelines for tuberculosis (TB) testing of school-aged children. The response rate was 66.3% (345 of 520), 258 of whom provided services to children. Responses showed that 60% (152 of 252) of replying providers read the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) published guidelines, and 85% routinely assess children for TB risk before skin testing although only a minority (22%) use a written questionnaire. O... Journal of Community Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3196554 Wed, 20 Jan 2010 06:45:33 +0100 3196554 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3134950&cid=s_35985_46_f&fid=35985&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fv34755033x41144v%2F This study objective was to conduct an exploratory analysis to qualitatively describe barriers that health journalists face when covering health disparities in local media. Between June and October 2007, 18 journalists from television, print, and radio in Boston, Lawrence, and Worcester, Massachusetts, were recruited using a purposive sampling technique. In-depth, semi-structured interviews were conducted by telephone, and the crystallization/immersion method was used to conduct a qualitative analysis of interview transcripts. Our results revealed that journalists said that they consider several angles when developing health stories, including public impact and personal behavior change. Challenges to employing a health disparities frame included inability to translate how research f... Journal of Community Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3134950 Wed, 30 Dec 2009 06:47:16 +0100 3134950 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3134951&cid=s_35985_46_f&fid=35985&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fc57w180021440454%2F Abstract  We aimed to study the prevalence and determinants of non compliance to intensive phase anti tubercular treatment (ATT) in 111 HIV-TB coinfection patients, attending the APEX Referral Center for HIV/AIDS at Medical College, Kolkata with a specially-designed, semi-structured, pre-tested questionnaire. Compliance was defined as taking ≥95% of the total scheduled doses of anti-TB medicines during the intensive phase. Data was collected on socio-demographic parameters, disease information, patient’s knowledge and barriers to treatment. The prevalence of non-compliance to ATT in HIV-TB coinfection patients was found to be 40.5% (95% C.I. = 30.5, 50.5). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that absence of proper counseling, lack of knowledge... Journal of Community Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3134951 Wed, 30 Dec 2009 06:47:15 +0100 3134951 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3132695&cid=s_35985_46_f&fid=35985&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fq1g11p1187m6371r%2F This study is an evaluation of an educational English/Spanish infant feeding video, distributed for home viewing at one New York City Special Supplemental Food Program for Women, Infants and Children (WIC) center (video group) but not at three others (comparison group). Baseline, 3 and 6 month infant feeding knowledge and behavior surveys were conducted. For this report, analyses are restricted to Latina immigrant mothers. The video and comparison group mothers were similar in age, education, and parity. The video group was more likely to speak Spanish at home, and had lower knowledge scores at baseline. At the 6 month follow-up, knowledge increased for both groups, but the video group showed a greater increase in knowledge between baseline and 6 months: in ordered log... Journal of Community Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3132695 Tue, 29 Dec 2009 06:55:25 +0100 3132695 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3123196&cid=s_35985_46_f&fid=35985&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F2612k43643121307%2F Abstract  Self-reported health, a widely used measure of general health status in population studies, can be affected by certain demographic variables such as gender, race/ethnicity and education. This cross-sectional assessment of the current health status of older adult residents was conducted in an inner-city Houston neighborhood in May, 2007. A survey instrument, with questions on chronic disease prevalence, health limitations/functional status, self-reported subjective health status in addition to demographic data on households was administered to a systematic random sample of residents. Older adults (>60 years of age) were interviewed (weighted N = 127) at their homes by trained interviewers. The results indicated that these residents, with low litera... Journal of Community Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3123196 Thu, 24 Dec 2009 19:46:52 +0100 3123196 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3123198&cid=s_35985_46_f&fid=35985&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F10t433r16wj4264g%2F We describe how health promoters employ both traditional and allopathic medicine to treat the symptoms and diseases they encounter most frequently which include fever, diarrhea, and parasitic infections. We contend that given the complex sociopolitical climate in Chiapas and the state’s unwavering TB epidemic and paucity of health care infrastructure in rural areas, efforts to implement comprehensive, community-based TB control would benefit from employing the services of health promoters. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original PaperDOI 10.1007/s10900-009-9206-0Authors Michael E. Herce, Brigham & Women’s Hospital Division of Global Health Equity, Department of Medicine 651 Huntington Avenue, FXB Building, 7th Floor Boston MA 02115 USAJacob A. Chapman, Massachusetts Gene... Journal of Community Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3123198 Thu, 24 Dec 2009 19:46:50 +0100 3123198 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3123197&cid=s_35985_46_f&fid=35985&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F90574224g202100m%2F Abstract  Over 800 Maine residents will be diagnosed with colorectal cancer (CRC) this year, and nearly 300 will die from the disease. While CRC screening can reduce these rates, it is only among insured populations that screening rates exceed 50%. This project aimed to reduce barriers to, and increase rates of CRC screening among underinsured and uninsured women, ages 50 years and over, residing in Cumberland County, Maine. The existing network of the Maine Breast and Cervical Health Program (MBCHP) was used to reach the target population. A packet containing (1) an offer for no-cost fecal occult blood test (FOBT) screening and CRC-related educational materials, and (2) a stamped, addressed postcard specifying the woman’s interest in these resources, was mailed to 3... Journal of Community Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3123197 Thu, 24 Dec 2009 19:46:50 +0100 3123197 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3099207&cid=s_35985_46_f&fid=35985&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F27436n8336286v7t%2F This study examines the discrepancies in health insurance coverage and type across Asian American ethnic groups and the potential factors that may explain why these differences exist. Asian Americans are often considered as a homogeneous population and consequently, remain largely “invisible” in the current research literature. Recent data have highlighted discrepancies in the health insurance coverage between different Asian American ethnic groups—particularly the high uninsurance rates among Korean and Vietnamese Americans. For this study, the 2003 and 2005 California Health Interview Surveys were pooled to obtain a sample of 6,610 Asian American adults aged 18–64, including those of Chinese, Filipino, Japanese, South Asian, and Vietnamese ethnicity. Binomial and multinomia... Journal of Community Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3099207 Tue, 15 Dec 2009 07:08:57 +0100 3099207 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3099208&cid=s_35985_46_f&fid=35985&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F94247317lg864038%2F Abstract  Korean Americans experience many challenges to obtaining adequate health care coverage and access to needed services. Because a large proportion of Korean Americans attend churches on a regular basis, churches may be a promising venue where health programs can be delivered. In order to gain an in-depth understanding of Korean American churches with respect to conducting future health intervention research, we conducted exploratory interviews and focus groups with 58 leaders from 23 Korean American churches and three community organizations. From these interviews and focus groups, we found that Korean churches and church leaders seek to meet a variety of social and health needs of their congregation and their surrounding community. Several leaders have stated that ... Journal of Community Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3099208 Tue, 15 Dec 2009 07:08:56 +0100 3099208 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3099210&cid=s_35985_46_f&fid=35985&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fg4m222j026441720%2F This study assessed the extent to which the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) correctly predicted college student’s motivation to consume alcohol on game day based on alcohol consumption rates. Three cohorts of 1,000 participants each (N = 3,000) were randomly selected and invited to complete an anonymous web-based survey the Monday following one of three designated college home football games. Path analyses were conducted to determine which of the TPB constructs were most effective in predicting Behavioral Intention and alcohol consumption among social, high-risk, and extreme drinkers. Social drinkers, high-risk, and those drinkers who engage in Extreme Ritualistic Alcohol Consumption (ERAC) were defined as males who consumed 1–4, 5–9, or 10 or more drinks on game day ... Journal of Community Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3099210 Tue, 15 Dec 2009 07:08:55 +0100 3099210 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3099209&cid=s_35985_46_f&fid=35985&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fq7185113521p1g13%2F This study used the 2003–2004 Ohio Family Health Survey (N = 9,819) to examine dental need and utilization by women in Ohio. Predisposing, enabling, and need variables were examined as they effect dental health service utilization by women of childbearing age at different socioeconomic status (SES) levels. The proportion of women in the low SES group self reporting a dental need (18%) was 3 times that of the proportion of women in the higher SES group with a self reported need (6%). Results of bivariate analysis showed that having a dental visit in the past year varied significantly by SES, race, insurance status, provider density, and need. A racial disparity in dental service utilization was noted in the bivariate analysis of the middle SES group. While dental need and t... Journal of Community Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3099209 Tue, 15 Dec 2009 07:08:55 +0100 3099209 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3099211&cid=s_35985_46_f&fid=35985&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F0j77n38r86t22t45%2F In conclusion, findings of this study show that primary grandmother caregivers have a high propensity towards preventive care. However healthcare providers providing preventive care to primary grandmother caregivers and other informal caregivers should assess the social supports and methods of coping used to cope with the demands of caregiving because both affect receipt of preventive care. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original PaperDOI 10.1007/s10900-009-9216-yAuthors Joshua K. Muliira, Makerere University Department of Nursing P. O. Box, 22984 Kampala UgandaCarol. M. Musil, Case Western Reserve University Frances Payne Bolton School of Nursing Cleveland OH 44106 USA Journal Journal of Community HealthOnline ISSN 1573-3610Print ISSN 0094-5145 (Source: Journal of Com... Journal of Community Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3099211 Tue, 15 Dec 2009 07:08:54 +0100 3099211 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3088170&cid=s_35985_46_f&fid=35985&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fu747524225841326%2F Abstract  Community Health Advisors (CHAs) are indigenous lay health advisors who, with training, can create health awareness, disseminate health information and support behavior change in their communities. Little data are available that describe the characteristics, recruitment, training, retention, and performance of CHAs. The present study described the characteristics, recruitment process, training outcomes, retention activities, and performance of two sets of CHAs who delivered tobacco-related interventions in the local Latino community. The Tobacco Control in Latino Communities (TCLC) Center trained 35 CHAs to conduct either a smoking cessation program for Spanish-speaking adult smokers or a behavioral problem-solving intervention to reduce environmental tobacco smok... Journal of Community Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3088170 Fri, 11 Dec 2009 06:53:39 +0100 3088170 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3088169&cid=s_35985_46_f&fid=35985&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F4q31t040126jv627%2F Abstract  Osteoporosis is a serious national public health problem, and is expected to increase significantly over the next few decades, especially in women. A limitation of bone health research exists since few studies have involved Hispanic women, and even fewer, Hispanic immigrant women. For this study we examined the effects of anthropometric, behavioral, and health history variables on bone mineral density (BMD) in 84 immigrant Hispanic women, age 40 and above. BMD was assessed at the spine, femur, and forearm using dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Demographic information, health histories, and behavioral risk factors were obtained from a questionnaire. In the younger group (mean age = 44.1 years) 61% had spinal osteopenia, and in the postmenopausa... Journal of Community Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3088169 Fri, 11 Dec 2009 06:53:39 +0100 3088169 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3088171&cid=s_35985_46_f&fid=35985&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fb802h7j57u75r2up%2F This study describes the perceptions of school nurses in Alabama schools regarding the challenges they face when communicating with ESL students and their parents. The population consists of school nurses in Alabama public schools. The obtained sample of 1,429 responses is presented and discussed. Urban school nurses were more likely to have access to an interpreter, yet they were more likely to rely on an ESL student to act as a translator when speaking to his/her parents. Kindergarten through elementary school nurses were more likely to witness an increase in ESL students and encounter difficulty communicating with these students and their parents. School nurses have a unique opportunity to engage parents of ESL students in the health of their child, thus it is vital that they be ... Journal of Community Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3088171 Fri, 11 Dec 2009 06:53:36 +0100 3088171 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3088173&cid=s_35985_46_f&fid=35985&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F21363667883h22vt%2F Abstract  In 2008, CDC convened an expert panel to gather input on the use of geospatial science in surveillance, research and program activities focused on CDC’s Healthy Communities Goal. The panel suggested six priorities: spatially enable and strengthen public health surveillance infrastructure; develop metrics for geospatial categorization of community health and health inequity; evaluate the feasibility and validity of standard metrics of community health and health inequities; support and develop GIScience and geospatial analysis; provide geospatial capacity building, training and education; and, engage non-traditional partners. Following the meeting, the strategies and action items suggested by the expert panel were reviewed by a CDC subcommittee to determine prior... Journal of Community Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3088173 Fri, 11 Dec 2009 06:53:35 +0100 3088173 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3088172&cid=s_35985_46_f&fid=35985&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fa447096415j2mv55%2F Abstract  A follow-up study was conducted on a sample of 120 ethnically diverse HIV positive men and women first interviewed in 2000. Of the 86 survivors, 37 (43%) were able to be contacted 7–8 years later to conduct an exploratory examination of cross-sectional and prospective predictors of unsafe sexual behavior. Predictors that emerged as significant in the two cross-sectional analyses and the prospective analysis tended to be different variables, perhaps underscoring changing needs, perceptions, and behaviors among HIV positive persons over time. The cross-sectional analysis conducted at the baseline time frame showed a considerable number of significant correlates of unsafe sex, including several demographic/background variables. The cross-sectional analysis con... Journal of Community Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3088172 Fri, 11 Dec 2009 06:53:35 +0100 3088172 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3055279&cid=s_35985_46_f&fid=35985&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fe0q301x506115059%2F This study suggests that education is a risk factor for MI. More national prospective studies are needed in the US to better understand the link between socioeconomic status and coronary heart disease. Content Type Journal ArticleDOI 10.1007/s10900-009-9189-xAuthors Michael J. Kelly, The Floating Hospital for Children, Tufts Medical Center Department of Pediatrics 800 Washington St., Box #14 Boston MA 02111 USASherry Weitzen, Division of Biology and Medicine, Department of Community Health Box G-S121 121 South Main St Providence RI 02912 USA Journal Journal of Community HealthOnline ISSN 1573-3610Print ISSN 0094-5145 (Source: Journal of Community Health) Journal of Community Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3055279 Tue, 01 Dec 2009 08:31:47 +0100 3055279 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3011194&cid=s_35985_46_f&fid=35985&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fm45g870gk2252n70%2F Abstract  Spring Valley, Washington, DC, was built over a World War I chemical weapons development site. Testing activities caused wide dispersal of arsenic in soil and waste disposal resulted in localized subsurface contamination. Spring Valley presents an interesting case study, a contaminated physical environment, but a strongly health-protective social environment. To address a possible “healthy community” bias we selected a nearby comparison community with similar health-protective characteristics. Our study included a community health assessment, a spatial analysis of disease clustering and a chemical hazard assessment. Community health in Spring Valley is good. Rates of major causes of mortality and incidence of selected cancers are 20–70% lower than the nation... Journal of Community Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3011194 Wed, 18 Nov 2009 09:29:49 +0100 3011194 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2993561&cid=s_35985_46_f&fid=35985&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fuq3215751j2877l4%2F In conclusion, IMPACT provides underserved Californians with prostate cancer care and value-added services with only 11% of funds allocated to administrative fixed costs. Both the original IMPACT program and the hypothetical Medicaid prostate cancer program were cost-effective compared to the county safety net, while the reduced-fees version of IMPACT was not. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original PaperDOI 10.1007/s10900-009-9199-8Authors Jonathan Bergman, UCLA Department of Urology Box 951738 Los Angeles CA 90095-1738 USASusan Logan, Washington University at St. Louis Department of Surgery 660 So. Euclid Avenue Campus Box 8109 St. Louis MO 63108 USAArlene Fink, UCLA Departments of Medicine and Health Services 911 Broxton Plz/1562 Casale Pacific Palisades CA 90272 USADavid ... Journal of Community Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2993561 Fri, 13 Nov 2009 07:27:03 +0100 2993561 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2946015&cid=s_35985_46_f&fid=35985&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fv7710506k35764wt%2F Abstract  To identify lifestyle-related determinants of hookah and cigarette smoking in Iranian adults, a total of 12,514 men and women aged ≥19 years in three counties in central Iran (Isfahan, Najafabad, Arak) were selected in multistage random sampling. Data on socio-demographic characteristics and lifestyle were collected in interviewer-administered questionnaires, as part of the baseline survey of the Isfahan Healthy Heart Program. Unhealthy lifestyle-related factors independently associated with cigarette and hookah smoking, were identified in sex-specific multivariate logistic regression analyses. High stress levels (OR: 1.55; 95% CI: 1.35–1.78 for men; OR: 1.63; 95% CI: 1.17–2.27 for women), family member smoking (OR: 1.61; 95% CI: 1.27–4.92 for men; OR... Journal of Community Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2946015 Thu, 29 Oct 2009 07:22:47 +0100 2946015 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2929932&cid=s_35985_46_f&fid=35985&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fc678h164133h1807%2F This study aimed to describe health indicators and behaviors of Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander (NHPI) adults and to compare findings to previous reports on US NHPI and the US population. A sample of N = 100 (56 M, 44 F) NHPI adults aged 40–59 years completed an anonymous questionnaire addressing education and household income, tobacco use, physical activity, fruit and vegetable (F&V) consumption, cancer screening and health status. Objective measures of height and weight were taken to calculate body mass index (BMI). The study sample consisted of 49% current smokers and the majority was not meeting guidelines for physical activity (80%) or F&V consumption (99%). Cancer screening rates ranged from 0 to 57% and were higher among females. Mean BMI was 33.... Journal of Community Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2929932 Sat, 24 Oct 2009 07:52:59 +0100 2929932 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2929935&cid=s_35985_46_f&fid=35985&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fk56x2150g87pm367%2F Abstract  In the past two decades, the fields of public health and social services have increasingly turned toward collaborative and community-based approaches to address complex health and social issues. One aspect of these approaches has been the development and implementation of community coalitions. Coalitions have been used to successfully address a wide range of issues, including cancer prevention, tobacco use, HIV/AIDS, youth violence, heart disease, diabetes, and sexual exploitation of youth runaways. In south Tucson, Arizona the SEAH coalition was developed to address diabetes and substance abuse prevention. Using a qualitative interview guide, the Culture of Health Survey, this study was aimed at identifying community perceptions of the coalition and its effective... Journal of Community Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2929935 Sat, 24 Oct 2009 07:52:58 +0100 2929935 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2929934&cid=s_35985_46_f&fid=35985&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fu6k2g2m51m960132%2F Abstract  Similar to many cities in the US, the Greater Cincinnati area has recently had an increase in immigrants from other countries. In particular, there is a small but growing population of West African immigrants especially from Senegal and Mauritania. In order to better understand children’s health of West African families in the Cincinnati area, in-depth, in-home narrative interviews were conducted with ten West African immigrant parents from Senegal and Mauritania. Four salient themes about cultural information related to children’s health were derived from the qualitative analysis: (1) health care practice and expectations including barriers; (2) cultural values and identity; (3) health beliefs and traditions/customs; and (4) quality of life. It is essential t... Journal of Community Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2929934 Sat, 24 Oct 2009 07:52:58 +0100 2929934 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2929933&cid=s_35985_46_f&fid=35985&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F4223uj20862w4105%2F Abstract  Physical activity (PA) and poor fruit/vegetable intake are contributors of health disparities among African Americans (AA). In order to design effective interventions to address these behaviors, it is essential to assess where individuals are in terms of their attitudes and decisions. The aim of this study was to use the Stages of Change Model to assess AA’s attitudes and decisions regarding pertinent health behaviors and provide suggestions about how to address them. A survey was administered to 242 low-income, medically underserved adults (47% AA, 27% White, and 26% “Others”). The majority was in the SOC’s: “contemplation” stage for PA (they were considering PA); “maintenance” stage for vegetable intake (they had consumed ≥3 vegetable servings ... Journal of Community Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2929933 Sat, 24 Oct 2009 07:52:58 +0100 2929933 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2924613&cid=s_35985_46_f&fid=35985&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fm144l286010w4r17%2F Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original PaperDOI 10.1007/s10900-009-9193-1Authors Pascal James Imperato, State University of New York School of Public Health, Downstate Medical Center 450 Clarkson Avenue Box 43 Brooklyn NY 11203 USA Journal Journal of Community HealthOnline ISSN 1573-3610Print ISSN 0094-5145 (Source: Journal of Community Health) Journal of Community Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2924613 Fri, 23 Oct 2009 06:12:07 +0100 2924613 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2922577&cid=s_35985_46_f&fid=35985&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fn0v5347554171011%2F Abstract  We evaluated access to and satisfaction with dental services for people living with HIV/AIDS receiving services from a dental case manager (DCM). People living with HIV/AIDS who had received dental services at two Community Dental Centers on Cape Cod, Massachusetts were eligible to participate in a mailed, anonymous return, Dental Satisfaction Survey (N = 160). Overall, respondents were satisfied with the dental care they had received. Most patients (58%) were new to the practice and were more likely to report that they had not been seen by a dental provider for more than 12 months (OR 3.0, P = 0.044). The majority of respondents reported that they heard about the clinic from local agencies. Of respondents recognizing they had a DCM, almost ... Journal of Community Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2922577 Thu, 22 Oct 2009 06:15:05 +0100 2922577 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2922578&cid=s_35985_46_f&fid=35985&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fe0130u3853021xv0%2F Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Book ReviewDOI 10.1007/s10900-009-9187-zAuthors Pascal James Imperato, Downstate Medical Center Brooklyn NY USA Journal Journal of Community HealthOnline ISSN 1573-3610Print ISSN 0094-5145 (Source: Journal of Community Health) Journal of Community Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2922578 Thu, 22 Oct 2009 06:15:04 +0100 2922578 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2922579&cid=s_35985_46_f&fid=35985&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fm272244q74n42412%2F Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Book ReviewDOI 10.1007/s10900-009-9196-yAuthors Pascal James Imperato, Downstate Medical Center Brooklyn NY USA Journal Journal of Community HealthOnline ISSN 1573-3610Print ISSN 0094-5145 (Source: Journal of Community Health) Journal of Community Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2922579 Thu, 22 Oct 2009 06:15:03 +0100 2922579 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2922580&cid=s_35985_46_f&fid=35985&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fd7kx7580109g3hg1%2F Abstract  To examine risk factors for lack of immunization, we tested the impact of maternal, paternal, and household variables on child immunization status in children ≥1 year in a rural area of Ethiopia. Data collected by face-to-face interview on maternal, paternal, household and child variables from cross-sectional random sample community-based study on health and well-being in rural Ethiopia was used to test hypotheses on immunization status of children (n = 924). Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression models were used for two immunization outcomes: record of at least one vaccination, and record of DPT3, indicating completion of the DPT series. Complete data were available for 924 children ≥1 year of which 79% had at least one vaccination... Journal of Community Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2922580 Thu, 22 Oct 2009 06:15:02 +0100 2922580 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2907592&cid=s_35985_46_f&fid=35985&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fh037484052635mv1%2F Abstract  A total of 288 high school coaches completed a survey on their attitudes toward and involvement in alcohol prevention among male high school athletes. Results indicated that coaches felt alcohol use was less of a problem among high school student-athletes than high school students in general. Only one-third of coaches (39%) worked at a school requiring them to talk to their athletes about alcohol use. Coaches most likely to be involved in alcohol prevention were those who had attended an alcohol prevention class/workshop and those who worked for schools with strong alcohol prevention policies and schools that required them to talk with athletes about alcohol use. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original PaperDOI 10.1007/s10900-009-9190-4Authors Keith A. K... Journal of Community Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2907592 Sat, 17 Oct 2009 11:01:17 +0100 2907592 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2811837&cid=s_35985_46_f&fid=35985&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fv62q204h8g178730%2F Abstract  Many recommended best practices exist for clinical and community diabetes management and prevention. However, in many cases, these recommendations are not being fully utilized. It is useful to gain a sense of currently utilized and needed practices when beginning a partnership building effort to ameliorate such practice problems. The purpose of this study was to assess current practices in clinical settings within the Brazos Valley in preparation for beginning a community-based participatory research project on improving diabetes prevention and management in this region. Fifty-seven physicians with admission privileges to a regional health system were faxed a survey related to current diabetes patient loads, knowledge and implementation of diabetes-related best pr... Journal of Community Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2811837 Thu, 17 Sep 2009 12:34:32 +0100 2811837 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2811838&cid=s_35985_46_f&fid=35985&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fc73j0v5x6033w02p%2F Abstract  In many developing countries, Directly Observed Therapy (DOT) for tuberculosis has been undertaken mainly in the clinic setting. However, clinic-based DOT may create a high patient load in already overburdened health facilities and increase barriers to care by requiring patients to travel to clinic frequently for therapy. Community-based DOT (CBDOT) may overcome some of these problems. This aims of this review are (a) to describe the main features of CBDOT programs, and (b) to compare features and outcomes of CBDOT programs that do and do not offer financial reward for CBDOT providers. Ten major features define CBDOT program structure and function. Programs that paid their CBDOT providers tended to differ from unpaid programs based on all of these features. CBDOT ... Journal of Community Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2811838 Thu, 17 Sep 2009 12:34:31 +0100 2811838 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2768059&cid=s_35985_46_f&fid=35985&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fg1876h41k1hw702w%2F Abstract  Part 2 presents detailed genealogic information on Josephine Imperato’s paternal and maternal lineages extending from four to seven generations into the nineteenth and eighteenth centuries. Among these lineages are some where early adult death over successive generations is perhaps indicative of type 2 diabetes mellitus (type 2 DM). These lineages, all in the town of San Prisco in Italy, include both paternal and maternal ones with the following surnames: Casaccia, Casertano, Cipriano, de Angelis, de Paulis, Peccerillo, Foniciello, di Monaco, Vaccarella, Valenziano, Ventriglia, and Zibella. Genealogic studies of eighteenth and nineteenth century vital records in this area of Italy cannot definitively establish type 2 diabetes mellitus as either an immediate or c... Journal of Community Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2768059 Thu, 03 Sep 2009 06:16:05 +0100 2768059 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2768061&cid=s_35985_46_f&fid=35985&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fg46485820341g673%2F Abstract  In this paper we describe the development a culturally targeted (CT) smoking cessation intervention for low-to-middle income African–American smokers. Based on theoretically based guidelines, modifications were made to a standard treatment manual for group-based smoking cessation counseling that incorporates cognitive-behavioral, motivational, and twelve step skills. Approximately 41% of the standard treatment materials were modified, and four new modules were developed. A pilot study was conducted to compare acceptability, feasibility and early outcome indicates in African American smokers randomized to the CT intervention compared with existing data from African American smokers treated using a non-targeted standard approach (ST). Outcomes from the CT pilot st... Journal of Community Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2768061 Thu, 03 Sep 2009 06:16:03 +0100 2768061 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2768060&cid=s_35985_46_f&fid=35985&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fg81v7847t1727514%2F In conclusion, Arizona has the ability to expand colorectal cancer screening endoscopic capacity; this potential increase was more pronounced in rural as compared to urban regions. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original PaperDOI 10.1007/s10900-009-9185-1Authors Jose G. Benuzillo, University of Utah Salt Lake City Veterans Affairs Health Care System 500 Foothill Drive Salt Lake City UT 84148 USAElizabeth T. Jacobs, University of Arizona Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, Arizona Cancer Center 1515 North Campbell Avenue Tucson AZ 85724 USARichard M. Hoffman, University of New Mexico, School of Medicine New Mexico VA Health Care System, Department of Medicine Mailstop 111, 1501 San Pedro Drive South Albuquerque NM 87108 USARussell I. Heigh, Mayo Clinic Department o... Journal of Community Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2768060 Thu, 03 Sep 2009 06:16:03 +0100 2768060 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2750755&cid=s_35985_46_f&fid=35985&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fkhj5872556134400%2F Abstract  Empirical studies indicate that ethnic minorities have limited access to health care and welfare services compared with the host population. To improve this access, ethnic health care (HC) advisors were introduced in four districts in Amsterdam, the Netherlands. HC advisors work for all health care and welfare services and their main task is to provide information on health care and welfare to individuals and groups and refer individuals to services. Action research was carried out over a period of 2 years to find out whether and how this function can contribute to improve access to services for ethnic minorities. Information was gathered by semi-structured interviews, analysing registration forms and reports, and attending meetings. The function’s implemen... Journal of Community Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2750755 Sat, 29 Aug 2009 09:44:37 +0100 2750755 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2745171&cid=s_35985_46_f&fid=35985&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Ff23v4761p34pt625%2F Abstract  The object of this research was to ascertain caregivers’ and physicians’ knowledge, behaviors, and comfort levels regarding child passenger safety restraint transitions with belt positioning booster seats (BPB). A targeted survey of physicians caring for 4–8 year olds plus convenience sampling surveys of caregivers across an urban community was conducted. Data revealed 42% of physicians and 47% of caregivers did not know that motor vehicle crashes are the leading cause of death in children in this age group. Only 34% of caregivers consistently placed children in booster seats; 48% reported receiving physician information about proper restraint; 67% reported wanting to learn about proper restraint; and 36% wanted such information from physicians. Caregiv... Journal of Community Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2745171 Fri, 28 Aug 2009 15:00:55 +0100 2745171 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2740304&cid=s_35985_46_f&fid=35985&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fg756158l2855775l%2F Abstract  Understanding the characteristics of Chinese American smokers with medical conditions and factors associated with their tobacco-use behaviors will guide effective cessation programs. In 2008, the authors described socio-demographic profiles of Chinese smokers with medical conditions treated during the period 2002–2006, documented their tobacco-use behaviors (i.e., average daily cigarette use, nicotine dependence, and number of past-year quit attempts), and drew comparisons between subjects recruited from hospitals (IP) and ambulatory settings (OP). Compared to OP, IP were significantly older, less educated, less acculturated, and more likely to be retired. Of the two groups, IP had poorer disease profiles, smoked less (4.4 vs. 11.9 cigarettes per day), and had l... Journal of Community Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2740304 Wed, 26 Aug 2009 08:47:35 +0100 2740304 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2736779&cid=s_35985_46_f&fid=35985&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F96mu4n7827t0518g%2F Abstract  Latinos in the US experience a 60% higher death rate from primary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) when compared to Non-Latinos. The goal of this study was to examine risk factors that are associated with ethnic disparities among HCC patients seen at the transplant center of a metropolitan medical center in New York City. We compared HCC risk factors in 140 Non-Latino and 55 Latino patients that presented with HCC from 1995 to 2003. Surnames were used to define Latino and Non-Latino HCC patients in a retrospective analysis. Latino and Non-Latino HCC patients did not vary by gender or age at presentation (mean Latino age 60.8). Latino HCC patients had a higher frequency of presentation with advanced disease, defined as patients with unresectable HCC, than non Latino ... Journal of Community Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2736779 Tue, 25 Aug 2009 06:49:13 +0100 2736779 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2736778&cid=s_35985_46_f&fid=35985&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F9822129p00880156%2F Abstract  The majority of refugees spend the greater part of their lives in refugee camps before repatriation or resettlement to a host country. Limited resources and stress during residence in refugee camps can lead to a variety of acute and chronic diseases which often persist upon resettlement. However, for most resettled refugees little is known about their health needs beyond a health assessment completed upon entry. We conducted a qualitative pilot-study in San Diego County, the third largest area in California, USA for resettling refugees, to explore health care access issues of refugees after governmental assistance has ended. A total of 40 guided in-depth interviews were conducted with a targeted sample of informants (health care practitioners, employees of refugee... Journal of Community Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2736778 Tue, 25 Aug 2009 06:49:13 +0100 2736778 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2736780&cid=s_35985_46_f&fid=35985&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fq4285nj08g872230%2F Abstract  Data describing local level HIV testing practices and attitudes regarding HIV prevention are rarely available, yet would be useful for HIV policy and evaluation. A comprehensive health survey was conducted in six community areas of Chicago (n = 1,699) in 2002–2003. The HIV prevention module of this survey was used for this analysis. The proportion that ever tested for HIV ranged from 40 to 75% and 11 to 38% were tested in the past 12 months. Residents favored: needle exchange programs (59–77%), HIV information in high schools (95–100%) and elementary schools (85–94%), and condom distribution in high schools (74–93%). Attitudes were less favorable regarding pharmacies selling clean needles (37–58%) and condom distribution in elementary sch... Journal of Community Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2736780 Tue, 25 Aug 2009 06:49:12 +0100 2736780 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2736781&cid=s_35985_46_f&fid=35985&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fg85773w528057658%2F Abstract  In this paper we examine the impacts of toxic chemical releases on labor productivity. The hypothesis is that exposure to releases results in chronic or acute illnesses, which increases number of work days lost. To test the hypothesis we combine data from the National Health Interview Survey with data from US Environmental Protection Agency’s Toxic Release Inventory, using an instrumental variable approach to control for endogeneity of subjective binary health status. We find that the survey respondents are significantly more likely to have increased work days lost as their exposure to toxic releases increases and that work days lost increase at an increasing rate with diminished health status. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original PaperDOI 10.1007/s10... Journal of Community Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2736781 Tue, 25 Aug 2009 06:49:11 +0100 2736781 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2729103&cid=s_35985_46_f&fid=35985&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F012440r168860202%2F Abstract  A random sample of clinical psychologists was surveyed regarding their smoking cessation practices and perceptions. A total of 352 psychologists responded (57%) to the valid and reliable questionnaire. The majority (59.1%) of psychologists did not always identify and document the smoking status of patients. The majority reported high efficacy expectations (66.4%) and low outcome expectations (55.1%) for using the 5A’s smoking cessation counseling technique. Counselors that had never smoked were almost two times more likely to have higher efficacy expectations than those that were current smokers or ex-smokers (OR = 1.94, 95% CI 1.18–3.12). The factors that predicted regular use of the 5A’s included the number of identified barriers, psychologists�... Journal of Community Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2729103 Sat, 22 Aug 2009 07:51:48 +0100 2729103 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2723874&cid=s_35985_46_f&fid=35985&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fq831275h16803462%2F Abstract  Considerable recent discussion has taken place regarding the predicted future shortage of physicians, especially in primary care. Much of the attention has focused on the difficulty of recruiting new physicians into primary care practice. It is suggested that part of the solution may be increased efforts to recruit and retain older physicians into primary care practice rather than retirement. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original PaperDOI 10.1007/s10900-009-9165-5Authors Neil J. Nusbaum, VA North Texas Health Care System Dallas TX 75216 USA Journal Journal of Community HealthOnline ISSN 1573-3610Print ISSN 0094-5145 (Source: Journal of Community Health) Journal of Community Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2723874 Fri, 21 Aug 2009 10:58:12 +0100 2723874 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2549831&cid=s_35985_46_f&fid=35985&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F5q43954325263676%2F This study provides important new empirical information on whether various commonly-measured characteristics of the social environment, which are believed to be social determinants of health, are in fact associated with the perceived physical and mental health of its residents. Our findings provide additional support for the construct validity of county-level HRQOL as a community health indicator. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original PaperDOI 10.1007/s10900-009-9173-5Authors Haomiao Jia, Columbia University Department of Biostatistics, Mailman School of Public Health and School of Nursing 617 West 168th Street New York NY 10032 USADavid G. Moriarty, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Division of Adult and Community Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Preve... Journal of Community Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2549831 Thu, 25 Jun 2009 07:41:01 +0100 2549831 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2498681&cid=s_35985_46_f&fid=35985&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F4825721897373776%2F This study assessed whether selected variables that potentially indicate increased access to mental health care or known demographic risk factors for firearm trauma best predicted state variations in firearm homicide and suicide. Partial correlation coefficients indicated that the proportion of the population within a given state that was African American or Hispanic was significantly associated with increased state firearm homicides. The percent of the population within a given state that had earned a Baccalaureate degree was associated with decreased state firearm homicides. Additionally, increased state firearm ownership rates were significantly associated with firearm suicides, while state educational expenditures were associated with a significant reduction in firearm suicides. ... Journal of Community Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2498681 Thu, 18 Jun 2009 16:47:30 +0100 2498681 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2498682&cid=s_35985_46_f&fid=35985&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F4124542k57220607%2F Abstract  Establishing the role of heredity in type 2 diabetes mellitus (type 2 DM) is challenging. While type 2 DM frequently displays a pattern of familial aggregation, many other risk factors are responsible for the clinical expression of the disease. This paper reviews a number of the early twentieth-century studies of inheritance patterns for type 2 DM and presents in detail the history of Josephine Foniciello Imperato (Maria Giuseppa Foniciello) who died from the disease in New York City at the age of 52 years on 14 November 1921, ten months before commercial insulin became available. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original PaperDOI 10.1007/s10900-009-9162-8Authors Pascal James Imperato, State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center 450 Clarkson... Journal of Community Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2498682 Wed, 17 Jun 2009 09:46:01 +0100 2498682 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3099212&cid=s_35985_46_f&fid=35985&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F14411p046148pm34%2F Abstract  As the prevalence of childhood obesity increases, researchers continue to attempt to identify factors contributing to obesity. The purpose of this study was to define the relationship between birth weight, rapid weight gain (RWG), and early childhood obesity in a low-income, inner-city minority population. In this retrospective chart review, researchers documented every medical encounter recorded in the chart from birth to 3 years for 203 3 year old minority children from low-income families living in an urban area. Based on Center for Disease Control and Prevention’s growth charts and tables, z-scores at birth, 4 months, and 1 year were calculated and RWG determined. Researchers determined Body Mass Index percentiles at 3 years of age us... Journal of Community Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3099212 Sat, 13 Jun 2009 07:55:17 +0100 3099212 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2498683&cid=s_35985_46_f&fid=35985&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F14411p046148pm34%2F Abstract  As the prevalence of childhood obesity increases, researchers continue to attempt to identify factors contributing to obesity. The purpose of this study was to define the relationship between birth weight, rapid weight gain (RWG), and early childhood obesity in a low-income, inner-city minority population. In this retrospective chart review, researchers documented every medical encounter recorded in the chart from birth to 3 years for 203 3 year old minority children from low-income families living in an urban area. Based on Center for Disease Control and Prevention’s growth charts and tables, z-scores at birth, 4 months, and 1 year were calculated and RWG determined. Researchers determined Body Mass Index percentiles at 3 years of age us... Journal of Community Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2498683 Sat, 13 Jun 2009 07:55:17 +0100 2498683 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2498684&cid=s_35985_46_f&fid=35985&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fg81g76666043434r%2F Abstract  The Fort McMurray Demonstration Project in Social Marketing attempted to achieve mutually reinforcing effects from thematically coordinated educational and awareness efforts in the community as a whole and in the workplace and the inclusion of occupational safety within the framework of a community health promotion project. The study community was Fort McMurray, a small, industrial city in northern Alberta. The Mistahiai Health Region, several hundred kilometers to the west and also dominated by one city, Grande Prairie, served as the reference community. The intervention was based on media and events staged at public events, with supporting educational activities in schools and the community. It relied heavily on community-based partners and volunteers. Data on h... Journal of Community Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2498684 Fri, 12 Jun 2009 11:31:26 +0100 2498684 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2498685&cid=s_35985_46_f&fid=35985&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F7t2k687225201l2m%2F Abstract  Prostate cancer (PrCA) is the most diagnosed cancer among men in the United States, especially among African American (AA) men. The purpose of this formative study was to explore the implications of applying Nutbeam’s multidimensional health literacy framework to AA men’s understanding of PrCA information. Participants were 25 AA men aged 45 and older in South Carolina. Their functional health literacy was assessed using two modified Cloze tests and the Shortened Test of Functional Health Literacy in Adults (S-TOFHLA). Men also participated in interviews or focus groups during which they were asked questions about PrCA risk, prevention, and screening. Transcripts were reviewed for recurrent themes and analyzed qualitatively using NVivo7. Mean S-TOFHLA was 28.2... Journal of Community Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2498685 Thu, 11 Jun 2009 14:19:38 +0100 2498685 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2498686&cid=s_35985_46_f&fid=35985&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fxr4v77733223q611%2F Abstract  A recent case investigation of secondary syphilis in a 27-year-old heterosexual Micronesian male and his 19-year-old chlamydia and syphilis co-infected female partner, conducted by the Hawaii State Department of Health, June to August 2007, identified a cluster of 13 case-patients with undiagnosed syphilis, chlamydia, and gonorrhea. The social network of Micronesians uncovered was characterized by having transient accommodations but a central gathering place. The critical factor in gaining access to this network was the establishment of a trusting relationship with a key social network member. Field interviews and the application of field diagnostic techniques helped to identify case-patients who otherwise would not have presented to a traditional office or clinic... Journal of Community Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2498686 Thu, 11 Jun 2009 14:19:37 +0100 2498686 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2498687&cid=s_35985_46_f&fid=35985&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fe7q6725t08114g21%2F This study evaluates the effect of residential ETS exposure on the risk of having a low birth weight (LBW) infant and investigates whether there is a dose–response relationship. This retrospective cohort study comprised 2,206 women who participated in the 2004–2005 North Carolina Phase V Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System. Women self-reported information on ETS exposure and birth weight was obtained from birth certificates. Logistic regression was used to obtain odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals. When adjusted for marital status and income, women exposed to ETS during pregnancy had increased odds of delivering a LBW baby (OR = 1.29, 95% CI: 1.06, 1.57). After adjustment for the same covariates, a weak dose–response relationship between ETS and LBW was ... Journal of Community Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2498687 Thu, 11 Jun 2009 14:19:36 +0100 2498687 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2498688&cid=s_35985_46_f&fid=35985&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fm24105ll5m273206%2F In conclusion, disabled elderly adults have more undesirable lifestyle risk factors, but are less likely to receive needed health services than nondisabled counterparts. More attention is needed to this vulnerable population. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original PaperDOI 10.1007/s10900-009-9166-4Authors Dae Hyun Kim, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center Division of Gerontology Boston MA 02215 USAUtpal N. Sagar, Lankenau Hospital Department of Internal Medicine 100 Lancaster Ave, Annenberg Conference Center, G10 Wynnewood PA 19096 USASuzanne Adams, Jefferson Medical College Department of Medicine 1025 Walnut Street Philadelphia PA 19107 USADavid J. Whellan, Jefferson Heart Institute Division of Cardiology 934 Chestnut Street, Mezzanine Level Philadelphia PA 19017 USA J... Journal of Community Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2498688 Thu, 11 Jun 2009 14:19:35 +0100 2498688 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2498689&cid=s_35985_46_f&fid=35985&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fl074226294h0tg36%2F This study identified heterogeneous classes of alcohol-related neighborhood characteristics to which multi-ethnic, early adolescents in urban communities are exposed. The sample comprised 4,215 youth from 42 community areas in Chicago, Illinois who completed surveys at the beginning of 6th grade (2002). Neighborhood measures included: (1) mean number of alcohol outlets per 1,000 population per community area; (2) alcohol purchase attempt rate by pseudo-underage youth; (3) average number of alcohol advertisements within 1,500 feet of each school per community; and (4) a Census 2000-based deprivation index. Parents and community leaders provided data on perceived neighborhood problems and parental prevention actions, and neighborhood strength and preventive action by communities, law e... Journal of Community Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2498689 Thu, 11 Jun 2009 14:19:34 +0100 2498689 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2337715&cid=s_35985_46_f&fid=35985&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F33j8886060607m15%2F This study suggests that consistent, multiple and multi-level strategies targeted to an African American community may impact smokers who are not ready to quit but willing to reduce their level of smoking. This study underscores the importance of developing and implementing community wide campaigns to address the needs of African Americans. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original PaperDOI 10.1007/s10900-009-9154-8Authors Celia O. Larson, Metro Public Health Department 311 23rd Avenue North Nashville TN 37203 USADavid G. Schlundt, Vanderbilt University Department of Psychology 301 Wilson Hall, 111 21st Avenue South Nashville TN 37240 USAKushal Patel, Meharry Medical College Department of Internal Medicine 1005 DB Todd Blvd Nashville TN 37208 USAHong Wang, Meharry Medical Colle... Journal of Community Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2337715 Tue, 14 Apr 2009 05:55:18 +0100 2337715 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2337714&cid=s_35985_46_f&fid=35985&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fu644gg144v755087%2F Abstract  Malaria, a completely preventable and treatable disease, remains one of the biggest killers in Sub-Saharan Africa today. The objectives of this study were to describe the impact of malaria on a small rural community in Uganda (Bufuula) and to implement and evaluate a malaria prevention program (subsidised insecticide treated nets with an accompanying education session). In January 2006, a survey of 202 households (100% response rate) was conducted, and meetings held with the Village Council, which revealed that malaria was the community’s major cause of morbidity and mortality, and showed there was a lack of access to preventative measures. Furthermore, 34% of each household’s income was allocated to the burden of malaria. A malaria education and mosquito net ... Journal of Community Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2337714 Tue, 14 Apr 2009 05:55:18 +0100 2337714 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2337716&cid=s_35985_46_f&fid=35985&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F784952um876r7265%2F Abstract  Asthma 1-2-3 is a newly-developed low-literacy multimedia education tool designed to promote asthma self-care concepts among African American adults. An expert panel (n = 10) informed content development for the tool. The video script and storyboard imagery were shown to 30 African Americans recruited from the American Lung Association, whose reactions and comments guided further revisions. The final version was pilot tested in three diverse community settings in Chicago to determine the efficacy of Asthma 1-2-3 at improving patient understanding of asthma and its symptoms. In all, 130 adults participated in the pilot test. Knowledge scores significantly improved from pretest to posttest following presentation of the developed tool for subjects across all... Journal of Community Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2337716 Wed, 08 Apr 2009 08:22:47 +0100 2337716 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2337717&cid=s_35985_46_f&fid=35985&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F2u18551043712766%2F Discussions were audio-recorded and transcribed. Analysis used an editing approach to identify themes, taking into account the community-specific context. Volunteers reported an overall positive experience and identified rewarding aspects of their involvement. They felt well prepared but appreciated ongoing training and support and requested more refresher training. Understanding of program objectives increased volunteer satisfaction. Volunteers continued to develop their role during the program; however, organizational and logistical factors sometimes limited skill acquisition and contributions. The prospect of greater involvement in providing tailored health education resources addressing modifiable risk factors was acceptable to most volunteers. Continued refinement of strategies ... Journal of Community Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2337717 Tue, 07 Apr 2009 05:57:11 +0100 2337717 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2337718&cid=s_35985_46_f&fid=35985&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F13872x7121566751%2F In conclusion, research partnerships between academic institutions and community-based museums appear to be viable ways to inform the public about research, stimulate their interest as future participants, and possibly influence their intention to improve health behaviors. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original PaperDOI 10.1007/s10900-009-9150-zAuthors Patricia A. Carney, Oregon Health and Science University Department of Family Medicine, School of Medicine 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Rd. Portland OR 97239 USAArwen Bunce, Oregon Health and Science University Department of Family Medicine, School of Medicine 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Rd. Portland OR 97239 USANancy Perrin, Oregon Health and Science University School of Nursing 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Rd. Portland OR 97239 USALinda... Journal of Community Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2337718 Tue, 07 Apr 2009 05:57:10 +0100 2337718 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2337719&cid=s_35985_46_f&fid=35985&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fg51x343017031177%2F In conclusion, high quality experiential learning best created by community-academic partnerships appears to have the ability to stimulate interest and influence intentions to change health behaviors among middle and high school students. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original PaperDOI 10.1007/s10900-009-9157-5Authors Arwen E. Bunce, Oregon Health & Science University Department of Family Medicine 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Rd. Mail Code: FM Portland OR 97239 USASusan Griest, Oregon Health & Science University Oregon Hearing Research Center 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Rd. Mail Code: NRC04 Portland OR 97239 USALinda C. Howarth, Oregon Health & Science University Oregon Hearing Research Center 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Rd. Mail Code: NRC04 Portland OR 97239 USAPhyllis Beemsterboer, O... Journal of Community Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2337719 Tue, 07 Apr 2009 05:57:09 +0100 2337719 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2319208&cid=s_35985_46_f&fid=35985&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fnn54064564168885%2F Abstract  Regular exercise, good dietary habits, knowledge of the disease and its warning signs as well as ability to perform CPR (cardiopulmonary resuscitation) are all important to prevent and combat Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) and Stroke. In 2005–2006, an AHA sponsored “Search Your Heart” cardiovascular disease intervention was conducted in 388 urban African-American/black and Latino/Hispanic faith based institutions, all churches of various denominations, to improve members’ knowledge and preparedness about CVD and stroke. The intervention involved (a) distribution of a customized multi-component CVD and stroke related educational and skill development package to 388 “ambassadors” for all participating churches, (b) AHA staff coordinated educational ses... Journal of Community Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2319208 Fri, 03 Apr 2009 07:12:54 +0100 2319208 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2319211&cid=s_35985_46_f&fid=35985&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fd71qt4774l181p85%2F Abstract  Violence disproportionately affects African American men and their communities. Research is needed to inform programming efforts to reduce racial/ethnic disparities in violence exposure, involvement, and victimization. The current study examined involvement in and perceptions of neighborhood violence and relation to perpetration of intimate partner violence (IPV) among a sample of urban, African American men. Participants of this cross-sectional study were sexually active African American men (n = 703) between the ages of 18 and 65 years, recruited from urban community health centers. Age-adjusted logistic regression models were used to assess associations between neighborhood violence variables and perpetration of IPV. In age-adjusted logistic regre... Journal of Community Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2319211 Fri, 03 Apr 2009 07:12:53 +0100 2319211 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2319210&cid=s_35985_46_f&fid=35985&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fm854811235511585%2F Abstract  The purpose of this national study was to determine advocacy activities and level of involvement of health commissioners regarding public policy. Benefits, barriers, and perceived outcomes of advocacy efforts were also explored. A previously validated (Holtrop et al., Am J Health Behav 24(2):132–142, 2000) four-page survey was mailed to 700 health commissioners, who were randomly selected from the National Association of County and City Health Officials (NACCHO) database. A three-wave mailing was performed which yielded a 50% response rate. Of these respondents, the majority (70%) were female and (88%) Caucasian. Overall, 31% of health commissioners reported being involved in influencing public policy in the last 4 years. The most common reported activities... Journal of Community Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2319210 Fri, 03 Apr 2009 07:12:53 +0100 2319210 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2319215&cid=s_35985_46_f&fid=35985&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fl5370263pp048272%2F Abstract  As part of a larger study on fall-related risk factors, this study investigated the relationship between living alone status and fall-related variables among community-dwelling adults who lived in a rural county in eastern North Carolina. A convenience sample of 666 community-dwelling adults ages 50 and over participated in this 4-year study and completed a fall questionnaire. Significant findings were found in relation to living alone status and experiencing a fall, who they informed about their fall, injuries, safety equipment, ambulatory devices, and personal emergency response system usage. Three hundred thirty-eight participants stated they lived alone, compared to 300 who lived with others. The percentage reporting a fall was appreciably larger for those liv... Journal of Community Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2319215 Tue, 31 Mar 2009 05:56:38 +0100 2319215 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2319213&cid=s_35985_46_f&fid=35985&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fv734047648873288%2F We examined the prevalence and socio-behavioral correlates of obesity and overweight among 46,707 immigrant and US-born children and adolescents aged 10–17 years. The 2003 National Survey of Children’s Health was used to estimate obesity and overweight prevalence among children in 12 immigrant groups, stratified by race/ethnicity and generational status. Logistic regression was used to examine immigrant differentials in the prevalence and odds of obesity and overweight. Obesity and overweight prevalence varied from a low of 6 and 18% for second-generation Asian immigrants to a high of 24 and 42% for native-born black children (US-born black children with US-born parents), respectively. After adjusting for age, gender, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, perceived neighborhood s... Journal of Community Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2319213 Tue, 31 Mar 2009 05:56:38 +0100 2319213 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2319218&cid=s_35985_46_f&fid=35985&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fu7141524x11l865h%2F Abstract  The explosion of medical knowledge has deluged the medical community with a plethora of new medicines, new tests, and new procedures. This creates a serious need to carefully evaluate the definable benefits from these new developments, which promise to increase the quality of medical care beyond older, established, and usually less-costly methods. In addition, more recent information has clearly identified genetic variation in an individual’s response to medications. As such, conventional wisdom may now prove to be wrong or subject to question. Examples of this, which we present, include situations where medication may more safely provide benefits to asymptomatic, stable patients than surgical interventions with high potential for complications that counteract p... Journal of Community Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2319218 Tue, 31 Mar 2009 05:56:37 +0100 2319218 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2319216&cid=s_35985_46_f&fid=35985&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fu1152xl728814127%2F This study investigated health inequalities between two areas within the city of Bursa, Turkey from a socioeconomic perspective. Information was gathered from 582 subjects >15 years old using self-assessed health of the respondents, a general health questionnaire, and disability records. Health service access and health inequalities with respect to demographic and socioeconomic data are reported. The study indicates that the health of people living in socioeconomically less advantaged neighborhoods of Bursa is worse than that of people in more affluent areas. However, socioeconomic status has no effect on disability, as ascertained with a Brief Disability Questionnaire. The results of this large-scale study provide a contemporary view of regional health disparity in a major u... Journal of Community Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2319216 Tue, 31 Mar 2009 05:56:37 +0100 2319216 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2319219&cid=s_35985_46_f&fid=35985&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F7870216650873w14%2F Abstract  Preventive medicine plays a central role in the reducing the number of deaths due to preventable causes of premature deaths. General Preventive Medicine Residency programs have not been studied in relation to training in this area. A three-wave mail survey was conducted with email and telephone follow-ups. The outcome measures were the portion of program directors involved in training residents on firearm injury prevention issues and their perceived benefits and barriers of training residents on firearm injury prevention issues. Only 25% of the programs provided formal training on firearm injury prevention. Program directors who provided formal training perceived significantly higher number of benefits to offering such training than did directors who did not provi... Journal of Community Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2319219 Fri, 27 Mar 2009 06:51:12 +0100 2319219 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2211469&cid=s_35985_46_f&fid=35985&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fl3073644h16n579l%2F Abstract  We determined hepatitis B virus (HBV) testing and vaccination levels and factors associated with testing and vaccination among Vietnamese- and Cambodian-Americans. We also examined factors associated with healthcare professional (HCP)-patient discussions about HBV. We analyzed 2006 Racial and Ethnic Approaches to Community Health (REACH) 2010 Risk Factor Survey data from four US communities. We used logistic regression to identify variables associated with HBV vaccination, testing, and HCP-patient discussions about HBV. Of the 2,049 Vietnamese- and Cambodian-American respondents, 60% reported being tested for HBV, 35% reported being vaccinated against hepatitis B, and 36% indicated that they had discussed HBV with a HCP. Cambodian-Americans were less likely than V... Journal of Community Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2211469 Sat, 21 Feb 2009 08:10:31 +0100 2211469 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2116260&cid=s_35985_46_f&fid=35985&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fnu54282rj7247173%2F Abstract  The aim of the study was to compare health status between native and immigrant early adolescents in Italy and to analyze related psychosocial factors. Data were taken from “Health Behavior in School Aged Children”, a cross-sectional survey investigating health behaviors among early adolescents in selected European countries. A representative sample of 6,744 (50.4% males) Italian students (11, 13 and 15-years-old) completed a questionnaire. Students were assessed for demographics characteristics, socio-economic conditions, social support and bullying victimization, and, as dependent variables, for health complaints, self-reported health, life satisfaction and happiness. It turned out that immigrant adolescents, as compared to natives, are more often affected by... Journal of Community Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2116260 Mon, 19 Jan 2009 08:02:16 +0100 2116260 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2110870&cid=s_35985_46_f&fid=35985&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fy120t85830786271%2F This study was a collaboration between the UCLA School of Public Health and South Asian Network (SAN), a social service organization in Southern California. Data were collected from 344 adults including a substantial portion of immigrants and individuals with low income and education. Few participants received screening within guidelines for colorectal (25%), breast (34%), cervical (57%) and prostate cancer (10%). Health insurance, younger age and increased length of stay in the U.S. predicted a higher likelihood of cancer screening. Women were significantly less likely to have received colorectal cancer screening compared to men. These results will guide SAN’s program planning efforts. Future interventions should focus on increasing cancer screening in this population. Content... Journal of Community Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2110870 Thu, 15 Jan 2009 08:29:48 +0100 2110870 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2095134&cid=s_35985_46_f&fid=35985&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fm84p429r4n473121%2F This study provided the local community with information on the health concerns and service needs of a new group of community youth—Latino youth. Findings were presented to local community and City organizations that used the information to respond to the identified needs and/or concerns. The process in which the data was obtained may prove useful to other individuals interested in obtaining local level health information in emerging communities. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original paperDOI 10.1007/s10900-008-9140-6Authors Rosalie Corona, Virginia Commonwealth University Department of Psychology & Clark-Hill Institute for Positive Youth Development 806 W. Franklin Street P.O. Box 842018 Richmond VA 23284 USATanya Gonzalez, City of Richmond Hispanic Liaison Office 4100 ... Journal of Community Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2095134 Fri, 09 Jan 2009 13:32:26 +0100 2095134 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2095135&cid=s_35985_46_f&fid=35985&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F507651014583h152%2F Abstract  A cross-sectional study was conducted to determine pharmacists’ awareness and education about smoking cessation and their communication with patients about smoking cessation. A survey was mailed to East Texas pharmacists practicing in the areas of hospital or clinical, retail or community, managed care, consultant, or academic pharmacy. Outcome measurements included: measures of the awareness of the 5 A’s and 5 R’s of smoking cessation, training received in smoking cessation, and communication practices regarding smoking cessation. There were 320 respondents. Approximately 10% of the respondents indicated they had received tobacco cessation counseling education during their formal educational training, 36% during continuing education programs, and 9% during ... Journal of Community Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2095135 Fri, 09 Jan 2009 13:32:21 +0100 2095135 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2095137&cid=s_35985_46_f&fid=35985&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fk341752q626n5168%2F Abstract  Reliable assessment of health and social needs within a community ensures that local input drives strategic planning and programmatic decisions. Results are used to determine the priorities and focus of local public health departments and to support the activities of health and social service agencies. We utilized a geographic information system in the planning, administration, and analysis of a recent community needs assessment to ensure a reliable and randomly distributed sample of a diverse urban population and to allow for small geographic area analysis of disease prevalence data. Collection of location data at the time of the 3,361 face-to-face assessment interviews allowed for the association of spatial data with measures of health conditions and behaviors. ... Journal of Community Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2095137 Thu, 08 Jan 2009 08:51:20 +0100 2095137 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2095136&cid=s_35985_46_f&fid=35985&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fk5732507726gq601%2F Abstract  Belgium and The Netherlands have fairly similar smoking prevalence patterns, but distinct tobacco control policies. It is our aim to use lung cancer death rates, especially among the youngest age groups (30–39 years), as indicators of past smoking behavioral patterns to evaluate recent tobacco control efforts in both countries. Lung cancer mortality rates from 1954 to 1997 and from 1950 to 2000 were investigated in Belgium and The Netherlands, respectively, using the joinpoint regression modeling technique (log-linear Poisson models) to calculate annual percent change in death rate. In the most recent period (1984–2000) overall male lung cancer death rates have been declining at a faster rate in The Netherlands than in Belgium. In contrast, overall female... Journal of Community Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2095136 Thu, 08 Jan 2009 08:51:20 +0100 2095136 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2090225&cid=s_35985_46_f&fid=35985&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fj3x270k451800n75%2F Abstract  Hepatitis B testing is recommended for immigrants from countries where hepatitis B infection is endemic. However, only about one-half of Chinese in North America have received hepatitis B testing. We conducted a randomized controlled trial to evaluate the effectiveness of a hepatitis B lay health worker intervention for Chinese Americans/Canadians. Four hundred and sixty individuals who had never been tested for hepatitis B were identified from community-based surveys of Chinese conducted in Seattle, Washington, and Vancouver, British Columbia. These individuals were randomly assigned to receive a hepatitis B lay health worker intervention or a direct mailing of physical activity educational materials. Follow-up surveys were completed 6 months after randomiza... Journal of Community Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2090225 Wed, 07 Jan 2009 08:13:38 +0100 2090225 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2090226&cid=s_35985_46_f&fid=35985&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F9t10h0m17966r735%2F This study was important because it filled an existing information gap for the Latino community, a racial ethnic minority population in the southwest Ohio area. With the results of this study, health educators and other health care practitioners might be better able to understand the health care needs of the Latino community and could essentially create improved and culturally competent health communications. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original PaperDOI 10.1007/s10900-008-9145-1Authors Denise H. Britigan, University of Cincinnati Division of Human Services, Health Promotion and Education, CECH P.O. Box 210068 Cincinnati OH 45221-0068 USAJudy Murnan, University of Cincinnati Division of Human Services, Health Promotion and Education, CECH P.O. Box 210068 Cincinnati OH 4522... Journal of Community Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2090226 Wed, 07 Jan 2009 08:12:58 +0100 2090226 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2090227&cid=s_35985_46_f&fid=35985&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fh699qlj50v36x618%2F Abstract  Schools of Public Health cannot sustain the national momentum for public health justice and human rights without recruiting and training a skilled public health workforce. With growing demand for public health workers, schools must work to increase their applicant pools. This project examined prospect communication materials from accredited Schools of Public Health and found that the vast majority of schools did not capitalize on opportunities to move prospects to applicants. Whereas most responded within a reasonable time, several schools made no communication efforts at all. Recruitment materials varied widely from institution to institution and between epidemiology and health education programs. Strategic, personalized communication strategies—the 3 Cs—are ... Journal of Community Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2090227 Wed, 07 Jan 2009 08:12:55 +0100 2090227 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2090228&cid=s_35985_46_f&fid=35985&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fr2j83952l7167140%2F Abstract  The need for culturally appropriate health education materials for Hispanic populations has been widely recognized, and Spanish-language materials are available through a number of private and governmental organizations. We convened two focus groups to elucidate preferences regarding how health-related messages are obtained and to identify which educational materials available in Spanish were preferred by 26 recently immigrated Hispanic homemakers who had received 15 different bimonthly written documents as part of a community-based clinical trial to prevent household transmission of colds and influenza. Participants gave three primary reasons for volunteering to participate in the study: to provide better care for their children (96.2%, 25/26), to get information... Journal of Community Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2090228 Wed, 07 Jan 2009 08:12:51 +0100 2090228 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2033775&cid=s_35985_46_f&fid=35985&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F9p362q355k245u01%2F Abstract  We investigated factors that influence choice of colorectal cancer (CRC) screening test and assessed the most- and least-preferred options among fecal occult blood testing (FOBT), flexible sigmoidoscopy, colonoscopy, and double contrast barium enema among adults with varied race, gender, and geographic region demographics. Mixed methods data collection consisted of 10 focus group interviews and a survey of the 93 focus group participants. Participants were ≥50 years of age and reported not having been screened for colorectal cancer in the last ten years. Analyses examined differences by race, gender, and geographic location. Participants had modest knowledge about CRC and there were fewer correct answers to knowledge questions by African Americans. Particip... Journal of Community Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2033775 Thu, 11 Dec 2008 12:00:05 +0100 2033775 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1926753&cid=s_35985_46_f&fid=35985&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fy2043782631688m1%2F This study identifies unique characteristics of American Indian teen smokers who enrolled in a school-based smoking cessation program, Not On Tobacco (called N-O-T). Using data from N-O-T intervention trials conducted in North Carolina between 2001 and 2004, the present study (a) describes the characteristics of American Indian participants (n = 91); (b) determines if basic demographics and smoking history affect intervention readiness; and (c) compares findings with non-Native participants (n = 138) enrolled in N-O-T within the same state. Upon enrollment, 80% of the sample reported that they planned to quit smoking in the next 1–6 months. We found significant differences between American Indian and non-Native youth on smoking history, with non-Natives smo... Journal of Community Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1926753 Fri, 31 Oct 2008 07:17:02 +0100 1926753 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1921261&cid=s_35985_46_f&fid=35985&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fa61579ku47h3l646%2F The objective of this study was to assess the effectiveness of ITNs for preventing clinical malaria in under-five children of Omo Nada Woreda, Jimma Zone South West Ethiopia. Matched case-control study was conducted in the catchments population of Asendabo and Nada health centers, Omo Nada Woreda, South West Ethiopia on a sample of 273 under-five children. Each case of fever and parasitemia in a child was paired with two controls. Cases and controls were compared with regard to ITN ownership and other factors assessed by a pre-coded, pre-tested structured questionnaire. Data was analyzed using EPI-INFO version 3.3.2 software. To control the effect of confounding variables, conditional logistic regression model was used. Sleeping under the mosquito net the night (OR = 8.28 9... Journal of Community Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1921261 Wed, 29 Oct 2008 07:02:42 +0100 1921261 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1911629&cid=s_35985_46_f&fid=35985&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F26jq8n8705mj8260%2F Abstract  Since the implementation of the Papanicolaou test, there has been a significant decline in the incidence of cervical cancer over the last 50 years. Despite this reduction, each year there are approximately 11,000 women in the United States diagnosed with cervical cancer, the second most common type of cancer in women worldwide. Infection with oncogenic human papillomavirus (HPV) is necessary for the development of precancerous lesions and the progression to cervical cancer. For those diagnosed with an HPV infection or cervical cancer, a considerable personal and financial burden often results. Recent analyses estimate that the total direct costs associated with cervical dysplasia and cancer are extensive. Additionally, a patient’s quality of life (social, e... Journal of Community Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1911629 Fri, 24 Oct 2008 06:54:39 +0100 1911629 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1902184&cid=s_35985_46_f&fid=35985&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fl7014574k3306318%2F Abstract  A survey was performed to determine if infection with gastrointestinal parasites differs between the rural and urban poor inhabitants of Guatemala. A total of 317 stool samples from children in two towns, one rural and one urban, were examined using the formalin–ether concentration method. The overall prevalence of parasites in infected children was 67%, 20%, 30%, and 22%, respectively for Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiura, Giardia duodenalis and Entamoeba histolytica in the rural town of La Mano de Leon and 49%, 14%, 15%, and 21%, respectively in the urban town of Santa Maria de Jesus. Two sub-studies were carried out to determine the effects of (1) gender and (2) age on the rate of parasitic infections. Female children in the 1-to 6-year-olds age gr... Journal of Community Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1902184 Wed, 22 Oct 2008 06:35:47 +0100 1902184 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1902183&cid=s_35985_46_f&fid=35985&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fl4821l427527158u%2F This study examined colorectal cancer (CRC) knowledge and the relationship between knowledge, risk factors and screening behaviors among African Americans and Whites in the Deep South. One hundred and twenty three African Americans and Whites age-eligible for CRC screening were interviewed by telephone survey as part of a church-based CRC educational intervention. CRC knowledge was lower among those with less education, unemployed, Medicaid, Medicare, and less family income. Generally, participants who had more CRC knowledge were more likely to have engaged in screening behaviors. Participants who had a family history of CRC were more likely to have had a fecal occult blood test (OR = 2.55, 0.99–6.60) or barium enema (OR = 3.84, 1.44–10.24) than those without.... Journal of Community Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1902183 Wed, 22 Oct 2008 06:35:47 +0100 1902183 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1902182&cid=s_35985_46_f&fid=35985&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fd17g7v3005842073%2F Abstract  This paper focuses on a cohort of uninsured patients that have accessed outpatient healthcare services in an urban safety net, evaluating the degree to which they switch insurance status and the impact this switching has on access to care. The results indicate that in an integrated safety net system, there is a high frequency of insurance status switching by the uninsured. Uninsured patients who switch to insured status were found to be more likely to visit specialty points of care and less likely to visit urgent points of care than the continuously uninsured. It is well documented that insurance coverage and continuity of care influence health status. Continuity of insurance coverage also has an impact on access to care for those receiving services within a safet... Journal of Community Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1902182 Wed, 22 Oct 2008 06:35:47 +0100 1902182 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1895682&cid=s_35985_46_f&fid=35985&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fh406176m85456782%2F The objective was to identify demographic, environmental and psychosocial predictors of ATS. A 30-questionnaire was completed by 2,692 students. Logistic regression was used to identify psychosocial, demographic and environmental predictors of ATS. Only 4.6% of students used ATS. Predictors of ATS were street connectedness (density of street intersections) and gender, (boys had higher ATS rates). Public health officials should be alert for opportunities to select sites for new schools that are in neighborhoods with well connected street systems. Interventions promoting ATS will need to target male and female students and there appears to be an opportunity to increase rates that students bicycle to school. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original PaperDOI 10.1007/s10900-008-91... Journal of Community Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1895682 Sat, 18 Oct 2008 11:05:42 +0100 1895682 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1895681&cid=s_35985_46_f&fid=35985&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F2285487004872503%2F The objective of this study is to obtain and discuss in-depth information on mental health problems, including the status, barriers, and potential solutions in 1.5 and 2nd generation Asian American young adults. As a part of the Health Needs Assessment project, the researchers conducted two focus groups with 17 young adults (mainly 1.5 or 2nd generation) from eight Asian American communities (Asian Indian, Cambodian, Chinese, Indonesian, Korean, Taiwanese, Thai, and Vietnamese) in Montgomery County, Maryland. We developed a moderator’s guide with open-ended questions and used it to collect qualitative data. Using a software, we organized and identified emergent themes by major categories. Participants reported a several common sources of stress that affect the mental health of Asia... Journal of Community Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1895681 Sat, 18 Oct 2008 11:05:42 +0100 1895681 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1886822&cid=s_35985_46_f&fid=35985&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fb3785l0468557618%2F Abstract  The HIV/AIDS epidemic has profoundly impacted South Africa’s healthcare system, greatly hampering its ability to scale-up the provision of antiretroviral therapy (ART). While one way to provide comprehensive care and prevention in sub-Saharan African countries has been through collaboration with traditional healers, long-term support specifically for ART has been low within this population. An exploratory, qualitative research project was conducted among 25 self-identified traditional healers between June and August of 2006 in the Lukhanji District of South Africa. By obtaining the opinions of traditional healers currently interested in biomedical approaches to HIV/AIDS care and prevention, this formative investigation identified a range of motivational factors ... Journal of Community Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1886822 Thu, 16 Oct 2008 09:58:57 +0100 1886822 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1876555&cid=s_35985_46_f&fid=35985&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Ff4ln8451p3508164%2F Abstract  Whereas, most cancer research data come from high-profile academic centers, little is known about the outcomes of cancer care in rural communities. We summarize the experience of building a multi-institution partnership to develop a cancer outcomes research infrastructure in Southwest Georgia (SWGA), a primarily rural 33-county area with over 700,000 residents. The partnership includes eight institutions: the Emory University in Atlanta, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the Georgia Comprehensive Center Registry (the Registry), the Southwest Georgia Cancer Coalition (the Coalition), and the four community cancer centers located within the SWGA region. The practical application of the partnership model, its organizational structure, and lessons ... Journal of Community Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1876555 Sat, 11 Oct 2008 11:27:25 +0100 1876555 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1851279&cid=s_35985_46_f&fid=35985&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fr3710072308k3822%2F Abstract  Spatial inequalities related to the choice of delivery care have not been studied systematically in Sub-Saharan Africa where maternal and perinatal health outcomes continue to worsen despite a range of safe motherhood interventions. Using retrospective data from the 1998 and 2003 Demographic and Health Surveys, this paper investigates the extent of changes in spatial inequalities associated with type of delivery care in Ghana with a focus on rural–urban differentials within and across the three ecological zones (Savannah, Forest and Coastal). More than one-half of births in Ghana continue to occur outside health institutions without any skilled obstetric care. While this is already known, we present evidence from multilevel analyses that there exist considerable... Journal of Community Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1851279 Thu, 02 Oct 2008 09:30:43 +0100 1851279 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1851278&cid=s_35985_46_f&fid=35985&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F226u73004777t503%2F This study provides some of the first evidence on health behaviors of one of the fastest growing older immigrant groups in the U.S. Study results add to the emerging literature on the complex nature of immigrant health trajectories, and demonstrate that contrary to prior research, living a greater proportion of time in the U.S. can be associated with selected positive health behaviors. Further longitudinal studies are needed to help inform policy initiatives to encourage healthy aging among diverse older immigrant groups. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original PaperDOI 10.1007/s10900-008-9125-5Authors Nina S. Parikh, Hunter College, City University of New York Brookdale Center for Healthy Aging & Longevity 425 East 25th Street, 13 Floor North New York NY 10010 USAMarianne C... Journal of Community Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1851278 Thu, 02 Oct 2008 09:30:43 +0100 1851278 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1848176&cid=s_35985_46_f&fid=35985&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fr065765v74u6v754%2F Abstract  The aim of the present study was to identify contextual factors related to smoking among urban African-American and White adolescents. We administered a survey assessing demographic and psychosocial variables to 299 adolescents in an urban pediatric clinic in the Midwest. Results indicated that being female, older age, lower academic performance, depressive symptoms, less frequent church attendance, parental smoking, and parental attitudes toward smoking were related to adolescent smoking. After controlling for demographics, the multivariate model predicting adolescent smoking included depressive symptoms, less frequent church attendance, and parental disapproval of smoking. Given these findings, efforts to decrease adolescent smoking may be enhanced by attending ... Journal of Community Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1848176 Wed, 01 Oct 2008 09:23:48 +0100 1848176 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1848175&cid=s_35985_46_f&fid=35985&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fa346900l27673336%2F Conclusions Children’s high recognition of fast food restaurant logos may reflect greater exposure to fast food advertisements. Families’ socio-demographic characteristics play a role in children’s recognition of food logos. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original paperDOI 10.1007/s10900-008-9119-3Authors Elva Arredondo, San Diego State University Graduate School of Public Health, Center for Behavioral and Community Health Studies San Diego CA 92123 USADiego Castaneda, University of California, Berkeley School of Public Health 50 University Hall #7360 Berkeley CA 94720 USAJohn P. Elder, San Diego State University Graduate School of Public Health, Center for Behavioral and Community Health Studies San Diego CA 92123 USADonald Slymen, San Diego State University Graduate Sch... Journal of Community Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1848175 Wed, 01 Oct 2008 09:23:48 +0100 1848175 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1841344&cid=s_35985_46_f&fid=35985&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fl8411gu6371123g0%2F Abstract  Physicians have an essential role in promoting, protecting, and supporting breastfeeding as the ideal method of infant feeding. They are in an important position to promote breastfeeding but report difficulty in advising mothers with lactation problems. The purpose of this study is to assess knowledge about breastfeeding among primary care physicians and residents and identify potential barriers to its promotion. One hundred seventy-seven residents and physicians answered an anonymous questionnaire. The participants recognized breastfeeding benefits but 26% did not encourage exclusive breastfeeding. Mastitis, breast abscess, and the use of medications by the mother were considered contraindications to breastfeeding. Temporary breastfeeding discontinuation and bili... Journal of Community Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1841344 Sat, 27 Sep 2008 14:00:35 +0100 1841344 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1841343&cid=s_35985_46_f&fid=35985&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F52r85l31538788v2%2F This study shows that awareness of media alerts as well as health professional advice may be associated with reported changes in outdoor activities. Therefore, along with consistent efforts to improve the air quality, government agencies, health professionals, and community leaders should implement measures to effectively inform the public about air quality and educate them to take appropriate actions accordingly. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original PaperDOI 10.1007/s10900-008-9126-4Authors Xiao-Jun Wen, Northrop Grumman Information Technology/BCA, CDC Information Technology Support (CITS) 3375 Northeast Expressway, Koger Center/Harvard Building, MS E-65 Atlanta GA 30341 USALina Balluz, NCCD/DACH/CDC Behavior Surveillance Branch 4770 Buford Hwy, NE, MS K-66 Atlanta GA 303... Journal of Community Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1841343 Sat, 27 Sep 2008 14:00:35 +0100 1841343 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1841342&cid=s_35985_46_f&fid=35985&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fm5035734t4408v88%2F Abstract  The Wilmington Senior Center developed a 3-year multidisciplinary health and wellness initiative entitled The Time of Your Life to promote healthy aging for participants attending countywide senior centers. The purpose of this paper is to describe the development and implementation of the evaluation methodology and outcomes of this senior health and wellness project that consisted of 11 programs in total. Long-term programming can present several challenges in both implementation and evaluation, but assessing outcomes is critical to documenting program value and accountability. Participant-completed surveys and post-series focus groups were utilized as the evaluation tools. Our findings indicate that the program’s objectives of increasing knowledge and motivating... Journal of Community Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1841342 Sat, 27 Sep 2008 14:00:35 +0100 1841342 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1841345&cid=s_35985_46_f&fid=35985&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fc15j102143735610%2F Abstract  The evaluation for Celebremos La Salud, a community randomized trial of Hispanic cancer prevention found no differences in mammography screening rates between intervention and control communities. The goal of the present study was to determine reasons for the intervention’s lack of effectiveness. In the first aim, we assessed reach of the intervention. In the second, we assessed which intervention activities were associated with mammography use. In the third, we examined whether factors related to health care access, education level, or age modified the effect of the intervention. Data were used from a post-intervention survey of 20 rural communities in Washington State. Hispanic (N = 202) and non-Hispanic White (N = 389) women, over age 40 fo... Journal of Community Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1841345 Sat, 27 Sep 2008 14:00:34 +0100 1841345 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1606236&cid=s_35985_46_f&fid=35985&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Ff6711j8440g32515%2F Abstract  The purpose of the present study is to investigate the relationships between alcohol-related informal social control and parental monitoring on alcohol use, behavior and intentions; violent behavior; and delinquent behavior in a racially diverse population of young urban adolescents. Baseline surveys were administered to 6th grade male and female students in 61 urban Chicago schools as part of Project Northland Chicago, a group randomized trial for the prevention/reduction of substance use. A subset of their parents (n = 3,034) was also surveyed regarding alcohol use, violence, and delinquency and related issues. Structural equation modeling was used to assess relationships between alcohol-related informal social control (as measured by parental perceptio... Journal of Community Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1606236 Tue, 08 Jul 2008 08:16:06 +0100 1606236 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1575672&cid=s_35985_46_f&fid=35985&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F14724361775w83v3%2F Abstract  Despite the growing body of literature that provides evidence of the health benefits of a diet high in fruits and vegetables, most Americans eat much less than the recommended amounts of this food group. Among those who are least likely to meet the USDA guidelines for the recommended daily servings of fruits and vegetables are non-Hispanic Blacks and individuals with lower incomes. The purpose of this literature review is to examine the dietary behaviors, focusing on fruit and vegetable intake, of low-income African Americans from a socio-ecological perspective, and to offer rationale for and guidance on integrating socio-ecological concepts into health promoting programs intended to improve dietary behaviors among this population. Based on the 12 descriptive stud... Journal of Community Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1575672 Wed, 02 Jul 2008 15:32:27 +0100 1575672 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1561356&cid=s_35985_46_f&fid=35985&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fe825020738438uvu%2F Discussion The project renders a model for providing ongoing trainings in stepwise fashion to a particular workforce. The willingness of the project partners to be innovative and inclusive in addressing the training needs of the state’s public health professionals is noted. Similar training should be considered for other public health programmatic areas. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original PaperDOI 10.1007/s10900-008-9116-6Authors Angelia M. Paschal, University of Kansas School of Medicine-Wichita Preventive Medicine and Public Health 1010 N Kansas Wichita KS 67214 USAJulie Oler-Manske, University of Kansas School of Medicine-Wichita Preventive Medicine and Public Health 1010 N Kansas Wichita KS 67214 USAKathy Kroupa, Kansas Association of Local Health Departments 300 SW... Journal of Community Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1561356 Sat, 28 Jun 2008 08:10:37 +0100 1561356 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1553151&cid=s_35985_46_f&fid=35985&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fy375343181293m4r%2F This study explored Arizona CHW involvement in advocacy beyond the individual patient level into the realm of advocating for community level change as a mechanism to reduce the structural underpinnings of health disparities. A survey of CHWs in Arizona found that CHWs advocate at local, state and federal political levels as well as within health and social service agencies and business. Characteristics significantly associated with advocacy include employment in a not for profit organization, previous leadership training, and a work environment that allows flexible work hours and the autonomy to start new projects at work. Intrinsic characteristics of CHWs associated with advocacy include their belief that they can influence community decisions, self perception that they are leaders ... Journal of Community Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1553151 Fri, 27 Jun 2008 05:59:05 +0100 1553151 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1552002&cid=s_35985_46_f&fid=35985&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fvm164710n51l3330%2F The objective of this study was to assess spatial accessibility (SA) to pediatric healthcare services at hospitals in Chiba Prefecture, Japan in 2006. We considered the distribution of general pediatricians and neonatologists relative to the geographical distribution of children using the two-step floating catchment area method, which accounts for the pediatrician-to-children ratios within catchment areas with defined travel distance (TD) thresholds. All measurements were carried out within a geographic information system. We found varied growth rate trends of children within the 61 municipalities of Chiba Prefecture between 1995 and 2006. The eastern and southern areas of the prefecture were less populated and had a small number of children in contrast to the central and northwester... Journal of Community Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1552002 Thu, 26 Jun 2008 06:21:24 +0100 1552002 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1552001&cid=s_35985_46_f&fid=35985&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F51g20j26554204l8%2F We examined factors associated with a history of incarceration among HIV-positive clients of housing agencies in Baltimore, Chicago, and Los Angeles (N = 581). We used logistic regression to conduct analyses. Of the 581 participants, 68% (n = 438) reported a history of incarceration: 32% (n = 182) had spent more than 1 year incarcerated. After adjustment for covariates, incarceration history was associated with having ever injected drugs, ever engaged in sex exchange, and ever experienced physical abuse. Incarceration history was also associated with having a detectable HIV viral load, better mental health, and being a biological parent. It was not associated with current risk behavior. Service providers may explore possible increased need for medical... Journal of Community Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1552001 Thu, 26 Jun 2008 06:21:24 +0100 1552001 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1552003&cid=s_35985_46_f&fid=35985&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fl375352326k04p51%2F The objective of this study was to examine the relationship between caregiver report of feeling unsafe, seeing community violence or child seeing community violence and asthma morbidity and health care utilization. Two hundred thirty-one caregivers of children with asthma enrolled in an asthma,education, intervention reported perceptions of safety and violence exposure in six months and frequency of child asthma symptoms, emergency department (ED), primary care (PCP) visits and hospitalizations over 12 months. Children were primarily male (93%), black (61%), and reported income <$30,000 (56%). Violence exposure was high: feeling unsafe (25%), seeing violence themselves (22%), child saw violence (14%). If caregivers or children saw violence, there were significantly more nigh... Journal of Community Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1552003 Thu, 26 Jun 2008 06:21:23 +0100 1552003 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1552005&cid=s_35985_46_f&fid=35985&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fu23g1q612g147u11%2F Abstract  This cross sectional descriptive study sought to identify perceived barriers to follow-up care for adult asthmatics who are followed in two community health care facilities. A second purpose of the study was to determine the effect of any barriers to Health Related Quality of Life (HRQL) and compliance in the sample. Thirty-four adults completed a demographic and health status survey, the MiniAQLQ and the EWash Access to Health Care Survey. “Long waiting time in provider’s office,” “someone had to miss work,” “cost of care too much, “and “long wait for an appointment” were the most prevalent perceived barriers in the sample. “Lack of transportation” was significantly associated with study participants who receive health care at one site or wh... Journal of Community Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1552005 Thu, 26 Jun 2008 06:21:19 +0100 1552005 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1552004&cid=s_35985_46_f&fid=35985&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F4485571311272345%2F Abstract  The purpose of this study was to examine cultural perceptions, awareness, responses, and actions recommended about IPV by Samoan women served by a Community Health Center (CHC). Theoretical Foundation This investigation is a part of a series of exploratory community based participatory research (CBPR) studies based on critical social theory. Research Design and Methods This qualitative study was conducted using focus groups with Samoan women served by a health center. Analysis of qualitative data was accomplished using content analysis. Demographic data were analyzed using descriptive methods. Participants Eight Samoan women, 18 years and older participated in the focus groups. Procedure The instruments were translated from English to Samoan and back translated... Journal of Community Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1552004 Thu, 26 Jun 2008 06:21:19 +0100 1552004 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1544085&cid=s_35985_46_f&fid=35985&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F635178g160057r2x%2F Abstract  This paper describes (1) the design, methods and baseline data of the first smoking cessation clinical trial for Chinese Americans with medical conditions - Chinese Community Smoking Cessation Project (CCSCP); (2) the collaborative process between researchers and the Chinese community; and (3) the barriers and facilitators of implementing the study. CCSCP was a culturally tailored, randomized, smoking cessation trial testing the efficacy of an intensive (physician advice, in-person counseling with nicotine replacement therapy, 5 telephone calls) compared to a minimal (physician advice and self-help manual) intervention. The study applied a community-sensitive research method involving community members in all phases of the research process in San Francisco Bay Are... Journal of Community Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1544085 Tue, 24 Jun 2008 06:02:26 +0100 1544085 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1470114&cid=s_35985_46_f&fid=35985&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F831447j031042830%2F Abstract  Community-based organizations (CBOs) have the potential to promote and sustain health, prevent disease, and address health disparities, but many lack the capacity to do so. An assessment of the 20 CBOs receiving supplemental grant funding from the Pfizer Foundation Southern HIV/AIDS Prevention Initiative indicated a high level of knowledge for developing goals and objectives (mean score = 3.08 on a scale of 0 (none) to 4 (extensive)) and high self-assessed abilities to conduct six of 20 specific intervention activities, including the development of community relationships and coalitions. Lower knowledge and skill levels were observed for intervention evaluation. While CBOs of this Initiative have established prerequisite abilities, they have self-acknowl... Journal of Community Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1470114 Sat, 24 May 2008 07:22:00 +0100 1470114 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1467090&cid=s_35985_46_f&fid=35985&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fw5m6520240867315%2F Abstract  Our study aimed to identify perceptions Latina women have about four different contraceptive methods and to investigate whether religiosity and acculturation play a role in their contraceptive choice. An observational cross-sectional study was performed at Bellevue Hospital. A questionnaire was given to women in the gynecology outpatient clinics asking about: oral contraceptive pills (OCP’s), injectable contraception (DMPA), the Intrauterine device (IUD) and the Ortho-Evra Patch (Patch). In the 102 complete surveys, self identified Latina women were not convinced of the safety of OCPs and DMPA (less than 50% perceived them to be safe) and largely uncertain about the Patch and IUD. Latinas also demonstrated more negative beliefs about the side effects of OCPs and... Journal of Community Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1467090 Fri, 23 May 2008 05:51:52 +0100 1467090 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1467091&cid=s_35985_46_f&fid=35985&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Ft832811g147j84r0%2F Abstract  California’s IMPACT program provides all its enrollees with health insurance and social service resources. We hypothesized that racial/ethnic disparities in access to care might be attenuated among men served by this program. Our objective was to evaluate racial/ethnic differences in health services utilization and patient-reported health care outcomes among disadvantaged men in a prostate cancer public-assistance program, and to identify modifiable factors that might explain persistent disparities in this health care setting. We performed a retrospective cohort study of 357 low-income men enrolled in IMPACT from 2001 through 2005. We evaluated realized access to care with two health services utilization measures: (1) use of emergency department care without hos... Journal of Community Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1467091 Thu, 22 May 2008 06:00:10 +0100 1467091 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1464257&cid=s_35985_46_f&fid=35985&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fx5085r6p63306v5v%2F Abstract  A study was designed to investigate why people do or do not make use of a diabetes risk test developed to facilitate the timely diagnosis of diabetes. Data were collected using a web-based questionnaire, which was based on the Health Belief Model, the Theory of Planned Behavior, and the Threatening Medical Situations Inventory. People who had and had not used the risk test were recruited to complete the survey. The sample consisted of 205 respondents: 44% who had used the test and 56% who had not. The hypothesized relationships between the dependent variable (diabetes risk test use) and the determinants used in this study were tested using logistic regression analysis. Only two significant predictors of diabetes risk test use were found: gender and barriers. More ... Journal of Community Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1464257 Tue, 20 May 2008 06:07:30 +0100 1464257 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1458898&cid=s_35985_46_f&fid=35985&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fg74661355q014485%2F Abstract  The purpose of this study was to examine how healthy weight status among youth was related to (i) three proximity-based park variables: number of parks within 1 km of home, total area of parkland within 1 km, and distance to the closest park from home, and (ii) the availability of 13 specific park facilities within 1 km of the home. Data were collected from parents of children living in four neighborhoods of a medium-sized Canadian city. Logistic regression analyses revealed that none of the three proximity-based park variables was significantly associated with healthy weight status among children in the sample. However, when availability of the 13 park facilities was examined, children with a park playground within 1 km were almost five times ... Journal of Community Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1458898 Sat, 17 May 2008 06:19:44 +0100 1458898 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1458899&cid=s_35985_46_f&fid=35985&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fp56562462n2j4133%2F This study was conducted to evaluate the Walk Texas! Clinical Counseling Guide for Nutrition, which is a brief, stage-based nutritional counseling guide designed for use in clinical settings. This study utilized a pre-test post-test quasi-experimental design, with two intervention and two comparison clinics that were matched for size and ethnicity. Intervention participants were staged for readiness to meet the 5-A-Day criteria for fruits and vegetables (F&V) and provided stage-based counseling. Women, Infant, and Children (WIC) counselors were trained to utilize the Walk Texas! brief staging instrument and to provide all counseling. Primary measures included: stage of change, barriers to change, attitudes toward F&V, self-efficacy, and self-reports of F&V consumption. These were col... Journal of Community Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1458899 Sat, 17 May 2008 06:19:41 +0100 1458899 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1446517&cid=s_35985_46_f&fid=35985&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fk72566646012vl26%2F Abstract  In recent decades, the nail salon industry has been one of the fastest growing in the U.S. California has over 300,000 workers licensed to perform nail care services. Though little is known about their health, these workers routinely handle cosmetic products containing carcinogens and endocrine disruptors that may increase a woman’s breast cancer risk. Additionally, an estimated 59–80% of California nail salons are run by Vietnamese women who face socio-cultural barriers that may compromise their workplace safety and health care access. In a pilot project designed to characterize Vietnamese nail salon workers in Alameda County, California in order to inform future health interventions and reduce occupational exposures, we conducted face-to-face surveys with a ... Journal of Community Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1446517 Wed, 14 May 2008 06:17:05 +0100 1446517 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1443245&cid=s_35985_46_f&fid=35985&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fe698k5g7q11ut222%2F Abstract  To use data from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) to examine trends in the lack of health insurance coverage among working-age US adults and to identify populations without coverage. The BRFSS data from 1993 to 2006 were analyzed. SUDAAN software was used to generate estimates of prevalence and corresponding standard errors, and logistic regression techniques were used to examine trends in the data. An estimated 18.59% of working adults (aged 18–64 years) did not have health insurance coverage in 2006. Trend in uninsurance remained somewhat stable from 1993 to 2000 (OR = 1.01; 95% CI 1.00–1.02); however, it changed more rapidly from 2001 to 2006 (OR = 1.03; 1.02–1.03). Similar patterns were observed from 2001 to ... Journal of Community Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1443245 Tue, 13 May 2008 05:51:24 +0100 1443245 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1443247&cid=s_35985_46_f&fid=35985&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fw7147hq737j1510k%2F Abstract  African Americans continue to die disproportionately from chronic diseases such as diabetes, hypertension and heart disease. Eating fruits and vegetables have been shown to reduce those risks yet little is known about the health attitudes of African American adolescents and their eating habits and engagement in physical activity. A survey was administered to African American adolescents in a Midwestern city to determine the health attitudes and behaviors related to dietary intake and physical activity. The total sample consisted of 448 African American adolescents aged 12–17. Forty-seven percent were males and 53% were females. The findings show that African American adolescents did have poor fruit and vegetable intake and fairly low rates of exercise. The study... Journal of Community Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1443247 Tue, 13 May 2008 05:51:23 +0100 1443247 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1443246&cid=s_35985_46_f&fid=35985&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F68u767r831583034%2F Abstract  Churches are becoming increasingly popular settings for conducting health promotion programs. Retrospective interviews were conducted with 19 health directors from churches taking part in the evaluation of a large-scale faith-based physical activity initiative. This paper first describes program implementation, church leadership support, and changes in church leadership, and then relates these variables to program outcomes (percentage of participants meeting physical activity recommendations). Finally, barriers and successes to program implementation are reported. The most commonly reported intervention activities implemented by churches were bulletin boards related to healthy eating and physical activity (79%) followed by bulletin inserts (69%), walking programs ... Journal of Community Health journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1443246 Tue, 13 May 2008 05:51:23 +0100 1443246