MedWorm.com provides a medical RSS filtering service. Over 6000 RSS medical sources are combined and output via different filters. This feed contains the latest items from the 'Journal of Correctional Health Care' source. Thu, 09 Feb 2012 10:12:57 +0100 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5642496&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F18%2F1%2F77%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5642496 Fri, 27 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5642496 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5642495&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F18%2F1%2F70%3Frss%3D1 The research aims were to (a) explore how correctional facility nurses in Montana perceived the balance between the autonomy required in their field and their scope of practice rights, and (b) contrast the correctional nursing specialty from the more traditional nurse setting. Twenty percent of Montana correctional nurses surveyed said there are times where they simply have to work beyond their state scope of practice boundaries. Respondents were most likely to report that the greatest differences in nursing process related to assessment and interventions. Nurses emphasized their feelings of safety, noting that in this practice setting safety takes the highest priority. Participants also said that correctional nursing had a stigma compared to other specialties. (Source: Journal of Correcti... Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5642495 Fri, 27 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5642495 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5642494&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F18%2F1%2F62%3Frss%3D1 This article explores the etiology and diagnosis of toothache, presents the authors’ opinion of the standard of care for managing these patients, and makes three recommendations: (a) access to timely and definitive dental treatment should be available to all inmates experiencing dental pain, (b) antibiotic use should be limited to patients with frank infection, and (c) progress of patients awaiting a dental appointment should be monitored with frequency consistent with the differential diagnosis. (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5642494 Fri, 27 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5642494 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5642493&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F18%2F1%2F53%3Frss%3D1 Numerous models are employed for medication distribution and pharmacy services management in correctional facilities. Since 2003, the University of Rhode Island College of Pharmacy and the Rhode Island Department of Corrections (RIDOC) have collaborated on a pharmacy management program designed to better integrate medical care, improve medication utilization, and reduce pharmaceuticals costs. The program introduced staff education, waste-reduction strategies, treatment protocols, and a responsive formulary system. RIDOC pharmaceutical expenditures grew at a rate of approximately 1.5% Per Inmate Per Year from 2003 to 2009, considerably below the annual pharmaceutical inflation rate. Analyses of projected and actual drug spending indicate that RIDOC benefited from savings of almost $5 millio... Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5642493 Fri, 27 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5642493 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5642492&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F18%2F1%2F45%3Frss%3D1 Benzodiazepines (antianxiety medications) and quetiapine (an antipsychotic medication) are subject to abuse in prison. Quetiapine is also expensive and has serious side effects. The prescription of these medications in prison for anxiety and insomnia is not the preferred choice. In order to reduce these prescriptions, the University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey–University Correctional HealthCare (UCHC), working within the New Jersey Department of Corrections, provided its psychiatrists with a guideline to the treatment of insomnia in prison. The guideline discouraged pharmacological treatment of insomnia. UCHC then anonymously compared the prescribing practices of its psychiatrists to each other, and educated the psychiatrists about the disadvantages of benzodiazepines and... Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5642492 Fri, 27 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5642492 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5642491&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F18%2F1%2F29%3Frss%3D1 This study had three objectives: (a) to examine compliance with the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Bloodborne Pathogens (BBPs) Standard at eight correctional facilities, (b) to identify potential barriers to compliance, and (c) to discuss steps to address these barriers. Eight facilities of different sizes and locations were visited to examine employer adherence to 15 selected BBP risk reduction activities. Facility compliance was less than 50% for four activities: updating exposure control plans, implementing use of appropriate safer medical devices, soliciting employee input on selection of safer devices, and training medical staff when such devices are implemented. Inconsistent compliance may be due to difficulties in applying the standards in the correctional heal... Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5642491 Fri, 27 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5642491 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5642490&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F18%2F1%2F20%3Frss%3D1 This study compares data from the Connecticut Offender Reentry Program (CORP) and retrospective data for inmates who received standard treatment planning services from the Connecticut Department of Mental Health and Addictions Services (DMHAS). Analysis of DMHAS data investigated characteristics (demographic, psychiatric, and prison classification scores) and recidivism rates of 883 individuals. A program evaluation was later completed on a separate cohort of 88 individuals who participated in CORP. Comparison of the study results found that 14.1% of the CORP participants were rearrested within 6 months of discharge compared to 28.3% of the DMHAS group. This study concluded that younger age and having a co-occurring substance use disorder appear to be predictors of recidivism. A distinctly... Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5642490 Fri, 27 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5642490 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5642489&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F18%2F1%2F8%3Frss%3D1 The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of a behavioral intervention, nonviolent communication (NVC), on the development of empathic coping and communication skills in a sample of male parolees enrolled in substance abuse treatment (SAT; N = 30). At the end of the 8-week intervention, results revealed a significant increase (p = .01) in participants’ empathy levels. Findings also revealed the acceptability and utility of NVC training to men on parole. Results suggest that NVC training may (a) be a useful addition to substance abuse treatment programs for parolees, (b) be effective in addressing problematic coping and communication styles resulting from incarceration and criminal behavior, and (c) assist paroled individuals in building and sustaining positive social supp... Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5642489 Fri, 27 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5642489 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5642488&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F18%2F1%2F7%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5642488 Fri, 27 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5642488 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5394621&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F17%2F4%2F361%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5394621 Tue, 08 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5394621 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5394620&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F17%2F4%2F344%3Frss%3D1 Linkages to services for HIV-infected inmates are critically important; however, little is known about the challenges faced by staff coordinating these linkages. This qualitative evaluation describes the challenges and strategies of frontline staff involved in HIV-related services for inmates and releasees participating in the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention/Health Resources and Services Administration Corrections Demonstration Project. Eight focus groups were held during a national meeting of community-based organizations. Content analysis revealed multiple themes. This evaluation emphasizes the lack of and difficulty obtaining services for this population. Staff recognize the role of security and safety when working in facilities and have identified methods to coordinate and c... Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5394620 Tue, 08 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5394620 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5394619&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F17%2F4%2F329%3Frss%3D1 This article provides trauma definitions and categories, describes the sequelae of trauma, reviews research on the high prevalence of incarceration in this nation, and reviews research on the high prevalence of trauma among the incarcerated. This article also provides a menu of evidence-based and promising treatment approaches to address the overlap among trauma, mental illness, substance abuse, and behavioral problems. A synthesis of research via seven points is meant to guide practitioner and policy responses to the national challenge of meeting the needs of those undergoing reentry. (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5394619 Tue, 08 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5394619 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5394618&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F17%2F4%2F319%3Frss%3D1 For many poor, African American families living in the inner city, the juvenile justice system has become a de facto mental health service provider. In this article, longitudinal, ethnographic study methods were used to examine how resource-deprived, inner-city parents in a New York City community relied on the juvenile justice system to provide their African American male children with mental health care resources. The results of three case studies indicate that this strategy actually contributed to an escalation in delinquency among the youth. (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5394618 Tue, 08 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5394618 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5394617&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F17%2F4%2F309%3Frss%3D1 This research examines the relationship between neighborhood physical and social disorder and incarceration history among urban drug users. A cohort of 358 African American and White urban drug users completed a clinical interview and psychological assessment that emphasized cognitive and social–behavioral HIV risk factors. The Neighborhood Inventory for Environmental Typology was used to assess indicators of physical and social disorder. After controlling for age, gender, education, and having a place to live, multivariable analyses revealed that living in a neighborhood with moderate or high levels of disorder (odds ratio [OR] = 1.63; 95% confidence interval [CI] = [1.02, 2.59]) and drinking alcohol every day or nearly every day for 3 months or more (OR = 2.03; 95% CI [1.24, 3.31])... Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5394617 Tue, 08 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5394617 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5394616&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F17%2F4%2F294%3Frss%3D1 This study examined disparities among adolescents aged 12 to 17 admitted to substance abuse treatment nationwide. Findings indicate significant disparities in patterns and determinants of criminal justice involvement between White and minority adolescents. Minorities were significantly more likely to be involved with the criminal justice system, even after controlling for criminal behaviors, substance abuse, mental health problems, and socioenvironmental risk. Findings reveal that connections to the educational system may be especially important for minority groups. The importance of developing systems of treatment for adolescents in the community and correctional system that are part of the same continuum of care is highlighted. (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5394616 Tue, 08 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5394616 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5394615&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F17%2F4%2F292%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5394615 Tue, 08 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5394615 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5394614&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F17%2F4%2F291%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5394614 Tue, 08 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5394614 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4930576&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F17%2F3%2F271%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4930576 Mon, 13 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4930576 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4930575&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F17%2F3%2F266%3Frss%3D1 This study examines data gathered by the Cincinnati VA from 2004 to 2008 with the goal of facilitating reentry services for incarcerated veterans. Focusing on imprisoned and released military veteran sex offenders, this article summarizes self-reported assessment findings from 42 veterans who agreed to receive reentry outreach contact. Characteristics assessed include demographics, VA enrollment, homeless episodes, medical and mental health status, reentry needs, and other items. As a whole, the data highlight multiple psychosocial factors and other problems that suggest a need for reentry outreach and services. A collaborative program to provide services for formerly incarcerated veteran sex offenders in Cincinnati, Ohio, is described. (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4930575 Mon, 13 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4930575 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4930574&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F17%2F3%2F254%3Frss%3D1 This article examines the lessons that have been learned about MRSA in correctional settings and ponders what is yet to be learned about this disease in these populations. (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4930574 Mon, 13 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4930574 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4930573&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F17%2F3%2F241%3Frss%3D1 Data from the Texas prison system and the Texas Vital Statistics Bureau were used to identify and assess the leading medical causes of death from 1992 to 2003 among male prisoners in Texas (N = 4,026). The leading medical causes of death were infection, cancer, cardiovascular disease (CVD), liver disease, and respiratory disease. Of these, only cancer showed a significant average annual increase in crude death rates (2.5% [0.2% to 4.9%]). Among prisoners aged 55 to 84 years, crude average annual death rates due to cancer and CVD were high and substantially exceeded death rates due to other causes. Among prisoners aged 25 to 44 years, crude average annual death rates due to infection exceeded death rates due to other causes. Continued improvements in the prevention, screening, and treatment... Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4930573 Mon, 13 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4930573 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4930572&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F17%2F3%2F233%3Frss%3D1 MOMS Plus is a public health case management program offered to substance abusing pregnant women, including those incarcerated in jail. Improved pregnancy outcomes, substance abuse treatment, and diminished recidivism are the goals of service delivery. The program encourages prenatal care and substance abuse treatment and reduces Child Protective Services involvement for women enrolled. Elements of the program may be adopted by other correctional programs to improve outcomes for pregnant inmates and improve their capacity to complete substance abuse treatment and to parent. Unique elements of the service model are discussed. Recommendations are made for including program elements in jail release planning, as well as possibilities for future research. (Source: Journal of Correctional Health... Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4930572 Mon, 13 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4930572 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4930571&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F17%2F3%2F226%3Frss%3D1 This study presents pilot findings and lessons learned from a group-based HIV prevention intervention delivered to JDC offenders. Participants were randomized to a five-session HIV prevention (n = 29) or health promotion (n = 28) condition and completed measures of sexual risk taking and substance use at baseline and 3 months postintervention. No between-group differences by time emerged on measures of sexual risk taking or other HIV-related behaviors and attitudes. Both groups improved their rates of HIV testing and decreased their substance use during sex over time. Delivering an HIV prevention intervention to drug court offenders is feasible; however, more intensive interventions that incorporate multiple systems and address co-occurring mental health difficulties may be needed to effec... Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4930571 Mon, 13 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4930571 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4930570&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F17%2F3%2F218%3Frss%3D1 Although stimulant medications are the mainstay of effective intervention for attention-deficit/ hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), their use presents a daunting scenario for psychiatry, nursing, and custody staff in correctional settings, where reported prevalence rates range from 9% to 45%. The reported rates, however, may overestimate actual prevalence in general and need for treatment in particular. Under a monitored protocol that required documentation of history, diagnosis, lack of response to nonstimulant treatment, and significant functional impairment, less than 1% of male inmates in the Massachusetts state prison system met criteria for treatment with stimulants. Although this protocol did not attempt to determine overall ADHD prevalence rates, the relatively low number of inmates wi... Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4930570 Mon, 13 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4930570 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4930569&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F17%2F3%2F208%3Frss%3D1 Given the frequency and violent character of the traumas encountered by juvenile offenders, staff members who regularly interact with juveniles in custody are at risk of developing secondary traumatic stress. Juvenile justice teachers and staff (N = 118) were administered a cross-sectional survey, including the Secondary Traumatic Stress Scale. Respondents said the students were moderately traumatized (47%), severely traumatized (27%), and very severely traumatized (7%). Regarding STS, the most frequently reported symptom was intrusive thoughts related to work with the students, mentioned by 61% of respondents. Additionally, 81% met at least one, 55% met two, and 39% met all three core diagnostic criteria for posttraumatic stress disorder. Recommendations for juvenile justice staff members... Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4930569 Mon, 13 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4930569 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4930568&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F17%2F3%2F207%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4930568 Mon, 13 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4930568 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4757794&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F17%2F2%2F187%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4757794 Tue, 26 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4757794 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4757793&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F17%2F2%2F183%3Frss%3D1 A group of 38 researchers, policy makers, and practitioners from seven countries, speaking nine languages and representing diverse perspectives, gathered in May 2009 in Orlando, Florida, to establish the International Network for Justice Health. The Network can assist policy makers, researchers, and practitioners to improve the health of justice-involved populations; however, achieving progress will require individual and organizational commitment to working with colleagues across different disciplines and different countries. The Network aims to facilitate this collaboration and become a focal point for the sharing and dissemination of knowledge. Its priorities will continue to evolve and to be determined by members. As a collaborative venture, the Network is only as strong as its members... Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4757793 Tue, 26 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4757793 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4757792&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F17%2F2%2F173%3Frss%3D1 This article describes the adoption of the CCM using a learning collaborative approach in the California prison system under the mandate of a federal receivership and elucidates some barriers to implementation. Results from the first phase of a pilot study were positive in terms of benefit/ cost analysis and suggest financial and political viability to continue the program. (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4757792 Tue, 26 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4757792 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4757791&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F17%2F2%2F160%3Frss%3D1 This study examined lifetime trauma and life event stressors among young and older prisoners. A stratified random sample of young (age 18 to 24 years) and older (age 55 and above) male prisoners was drawn from the New Jersey Department of Corrections. Fifty-eight participants completed a modified version of the Trauma and Stressful Life Experiences Screening Inventory during face-to-face interviews. Approximately 40% of young and older adult prisoners reported exposure to violent victimization. Young prisoners were significantly more likely to report witnessing physical assault, whereas older prisoners were significantly more likely to report experiencing a natural disaster, life-threatening illness, or the death of a loved one. Information about the frequency of lifetime trauma and life e... Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4757791 Tue, 26 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4757791 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4757790&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F17%2F2%2F150%3Frss%3D1 The dental health data for the Iowa Department of Corrections (IDOC) inmate population were analyzed to better understand dental health issues experienced by inmates and IDOC’s system for responding to those dental needs. Each inmate is given a dental health assessment upon admission to Iowa’s prison system. These data were analyzed for frequency of dental health needs and frequency of dental health services. In addition, emergency dental health services were analyzed. The findings show that each inmate has approximately 7.6 dental codes, including the initial exam, dental services provided, and dental needs not yet addressed. When reviewing only dental needs (and not the initial exam), 32% (5,110) identified dental needs were completed and 66% (10,572) were not. (Source: Journ... Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4757790 Tue, 26 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4757790 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4757789&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F17%2F2%2F138%3Frss%3D1 Improving prison health care requires a robust measurement dashboard that addresses multiple domains of care. We sought to identify tested indicators of clinical quality and access that prison health managers could use to ascertain gaps in performance and guide quality improvement. We used the RAND/UCLA modified Delphi method to select the best indicators for correctional health. An expert panel rated 111 indicators on validity and feasibility. They voted to retain 79 indicators in areas such as access, cardiac conditions, geriatrics, infectious diseases, medication monitoring, metabolic diseases, obstetrics/gynecology, screening/prevention, psychiatric disorders/substance abuse, pulmonary conditions, and urgent conditions. Prison health institutions, like all other large health institutio... Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4757789 Tue, 26 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4757789 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4757788&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F17%2F2%2F122%3Frss%3D1 In response to deficiencies in the delivery of health care in prisons, a number of state correctional systems and the Federal Bureau of Prisons (BOP) have established quality of care monitoring systems. In 2009, the California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation and the federal receiver overseeing the system asked the RAND Corporation to identify existing indicators of quality performance and to recommend a set of indicators applicable to the prison population. An environmental scan of quality measures being used by other state correctional systems and the BOP found substantial variation in the number and type of measures being used and the underlying data systems used to construct measures. Explicit quality measures were being used, as were measures of disease prevalence and stan... Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4757788 Tue, 26 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4757788 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4757787&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F17%2F2%2F100%3Frss%3D1 The quality of health care in prisons is lacking in many states. In particular, the California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation (CDCR) is in the midst of an extreme legal remedy to address problems related to access to and quality of care; it now operates under the direction of a federally appointed receiver for medical care. To understand the current state of access and quality measurement and to assess strengths and weaknesses of current activities, the RAND Corporation conducted a series of interviews and site visits in the CDCR and related offices as well as document reviews (December 2008 to February 2009). Findings supported RAND’s larger project goals to identify measures for use in a sustainable quality measurement system. (Source: Journal of Correctional Health C... Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4757787 Tue, 26 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4757787 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4757786&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F17%2F2%2F99%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4757786 Tue, 26 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4757786 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4410519&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F17%2F1%2F79%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4410519 Fri, 28 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4410519 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4410518&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F17%2F1%2F77%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4410518 Fri, 28 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4410518 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4410517&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F17%2F1%2F69%3Frss%3D1 Routine opt-out screening and vaccination programs are effective methods for improving public health in correctional populations. Jail-based rapid testing for HIV, hepatitis B and C, tuberculosis, syphilis, gonorrhea, and chlamydia can improve urban health by increasing diagnosis and linkage to care for infectious diseases. In addition, jail-based vaccination programs would significantly benefit community health and lower costs associated with tertiary level care. The paucity of ethical and rigorous scientific research among incarcerated populations excludes these marginalized members of society from potential advancements in correctional medicine and public health. Routine opt-out testing programs would not only benefit the health of the correctional population but also serve as platforms... Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4410517 Fri, 28 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4410517 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4410516&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F17%2F1%2F61%3Frss%3D1 This study evaluated time to first drink in women being released from jail to determine predictors of early relapse among women with hazardous drinking and HIV risk behaviors. Between February 2004 and June 2007, 245 participants were recruited from the Rhode Island Department of Corrections. Following the baseline assessment, participants were randomized to a motivational intervention group or to a control condition. Follow-up assessments at 1, 3, and 6 months were completed for 210 participants. Alcohol use during follow-up occurred in 86.7% of participants, 42.4% initiated alcohol use on Day 1. The rate of initiation was associated with norms favorable to using alcohol (p < .01) and having a partner with an alcohol problem (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.62, p < .01). The rate of drink ini... Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4410516 Fri, 28 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4410516 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4410515&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F17%2F1%2F51%3Frss%3D1 This article highlights the unique ethical and practical challenges to providing neuropsychological services to incarcerated individuals. Specifically, it discusses (a) limits to confidentiality, (b) issues related to informed consent, (c) how prison conditions may compromise the validity of testing, and (d) the impact of third-party observation of the evaluation. Recommendations and suggestions for resolving some of these difficulties are offered. (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4410515 Fri, 28 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4410515 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4410514&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F17%2F1%2F46%3Frss%3D1 This study investigated an optimum window of effectiveness of oral thiamine in alcohol withdrawal in a jail setting using a Librium-based protocol. A total of 19 patients were identified with alcohol withdrawal at intake. Clinical Institute Withdrawal Assessment (CIWA-AR), Cut back, Annoyed, Guilty, Eye-opener (CAGE) questionnaire, and therapy were started immediately. Of these patients, 9 were identified as high risk and 2 developed an excited delirium consistent with Wernicke’s disease. This study demonstrated an optimum window of 2 hours or less at intake with oral thiamine. The earlier an oral withdrawal protocol is started, the faster is recovery, regardless of initial presentation. Disease progression was significantly dependent on time to treat. Noncompliance with oral managem... Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4410514 Fri, 28 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4410514 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4410513&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F17%2F1%2F34%3Frss%3D1 This investigation originated from a pilot survey of 261 state prison inmates, aged 45 to 82, in Oklahoma. Logistic regression analyses were computed to assess the relationship of sociodemographic characteristics, physical and mental health, and lifestyle behaviors to comorbid health impairment. (odds ratio (OR) = 1.41, 95% confidence interval (CI) [1.13, 1.77]), smoking (OR = 2.82, 95% CI [1.10, 7.30]), and church attendance (OR = 1.23, 95% CI [1.00, 1.50]) were associated with increased odds of comorbid health impairment. Perceived health (OR = 0.38, 95% CI [0.23, 0.66]), mobility (OR = 0.25, 95% CI [0.09, 0.70]), and physical exercise (OR = 0.56, 95% CI [0.35, 0.88]), were associated with reduced odds of comorbid health impairment. Education, smoking, and church attendance represent key... Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4410513 Fri, 28 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4410513 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4410512&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F17%2F1%2F29%3Frss%3D1 Cyanide poisoning is an important source of morbidity and mortality from smoke exposure in structural fires. This case involved administration of a cyanide antidote to a prisoner (male, 23 years) in France, discovered in cardiorespiratory arrest after about 30 minutes exposure to smoke from a burning mattress during an apparent suicide attempt. Smoke exposure, circulatory failure during initial resuscitation, and elevated blood cyanide and lactate led to the diagnosis of cyanide poisoning. Hydroxocobalamin (Cyanokit®, 5 g intravenous) was given immediately and on arrival at the hospital. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation restored cardiovascular function after 33 minutes. There were no neurological or other sequelae. Timely hydroxocobalamin administration contributed to full recovery from c... Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4410512 Fri, 28 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4410512 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4410511&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F17%2F1%2F19%3Frss%3D1 This study examined the diagnosis, race, age, and conviction offenses of those using walking canes at California Medical Facility through a random review of 40 charts and 40 conviction folders. Motivating factors were concern about the potential for misuse of canes as weapons and a desire to further understand the clinical challenges faced by patients. Findings suggest that walking canes are most often prescribed for neurological or musculoskeletal problems, sometimes are prescribed with no apparent indication, and are more readily prescribed to violent offenders. Beyond their weight-bearing medical function, it is possible that canes bear cultural significance in prison culture, perhaps symbolizing pugnacious independence. The anthropological literature on aggression, interpersonal violen... Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4410511 Fri, 28 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4410511 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4410510&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F17%2F1%2F6%3Frss%3D1 There are public health benefits in prisoner health education, given that inmates are predominantly from an underclass that is overrepresented in all categories of disease and health disadvantage. The author reviews these health issues and proposes Freire’s approach to education on prisoner-generated, problematic health topics within the context of their lives and cultures. Freirean stages proposed include identification and investigation of relevant health topics of concern to inmates, thematization, problematization of the issues, and development of critical health consciousness, followed by dramatization of problems and solutions within culturally appropriate contexts. Examples are presented. Health rights and responsibilities are discussed in the context of correctional settings ... Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4410510 Fri, 28 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4410510 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4410509&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F17%2F1%2F5%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4410509 Fri, 28 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4410509 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4010337&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F16%2F4%2F328%3Frss%3D1 (No abstract is available for this citation) (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4010337 Wed, 29 Sep 2010 16:30:38 +0100 4010337 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4010336&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F16%2F4%2F322%3Frss%3D1 This study contrasted the health of young prisoners (18 to 24 years) with that of adult (25 to 40 years) and older adult (older than 40 years) prisoners. Young prisoners reported good physical health but poor educational and employment histories, involvement in the juvenile justice system, and a high prevalence of substance misuse. Young prisoners represent an important group for research aiming to improve prisoner health. (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4010336 Wed, 29 Sep 2010 16:30:38 +0100 4010336 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4010335&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F16%2F4%2F310%3Frss%3D1 About 25% of New York City jail inmates are tested for HIV despite a universal offer of rapid testing at medical intake. Health care workers were surveyed to examine provider-related challenges to testing at medical intake. Of the 291 eligible staff, 215 (73.9%) responded. Most (87.0%) felt confident recommending rapid HIV testing; however, only 85.5% of medical professionals and 70.8% of nurses felt confident providing negative rapid HIV test results. Identified barriers are those common to other medical settings (insufficient staffing, inadequate privacy or space, and ‘‘too much’’ paperwork) and those specific to correctional settings (limited time for medical intake and competing Department of Correction priorities). Staff have been given extended training to add... Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4010335 Wed, 29 Sep 2010 16:30:38 +0100 4010335 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4010334&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F16%2F4%2F299%3Frss%3D1 This article reports on a work group process that aimed to articulate the American Nurses Association (ANA) standards of correctional nursing practice in the Connecticut Department of Correction. When recruiting nurses for prison health care, few candidates possess enough experience in all of the related fields, and even experienced nurses are seldom prepared for the environment and its challenging population. A public—academic partnership provided a model for collaboration. Workforce development methods used in the United Kingdom for correctional nursing were combined with the ANA professional development model. An incremental implementation plan was designed. Orientation checklists and methods to assure entry-level baseline competencies, resource manuals, supervisor packets, and ev... Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4010334 Wed, 29 Sep 2010 16:30:38 +0100 4010334 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4010333&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F16%2F4%2F287%3Frss%3D1 This study determined the readability, test—retest reliability, and internal consistency of a questionnaire designed to assess the HIV risk behaviors of ex-prisoners. The questionnaire was administered twice within a 2-week interval to 119 ex-prisoners. The test—retest agreement for the questionnaire’s 25 HIV behavior items ranges from 82% to 100%. Of these 25 items, agreement was ‘‘fair’’ (k = .20 to .40) for 1, ‘‘moderate’’ (k = .40 to .60) for 5, ‘‘substantial’’ (k = .60 to .80) for 11, ‘‘almost perfect’’ (k = .80 to .99) for 7, and ‘‘perfect’’ (k = 1.00) for 1. The overall Cronbach’s alpha (C) is .81 (p < .001). By subscale, the C for tattoo... Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4010333 Wed, 29 Sep 2010 16:30:38 +0100 4010333 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4010332&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F16%2F4%2F273%3Frss%3D1 This study examined the association between medically attended traumatic brain injury (TBI) and in-prison behavioral infractions in a statewide population by comparing rate ratios of infractions in inmates with and without TBI over an 11.5-year period (16,299 males and 1,270 females). The in-prison behavioral infraction rate was significantly increased in males with TBI compared with no TBI for all infractions (RR = 1.32, 95% CI: 1.12, 1.55), violent infractions (RR = 1.86, 95% CI: 1.54, 2.24), and nonviolent infractions (RR = 1.19, 95% CI: 1.00, 1.41). The violent behavioral infraction rate was significantly increased in females with TBI compared with no TBI (RR = 2.44, 95% CI: 1.45, 4.12). A clearer understanding of inmates with a history of TBI and further examination of the association... Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4010332 Wed, 29 Sep 2010 16:30:38 +0100 4010332 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4010331&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F16%2F4%2F263%3Frss%3D1 This article outlines and discusses five categories of information about individual jails that should be considered before making general statements about jails. These are (a) the process by which individuals come to and are processed through the jail, (b) the size of the jail, (c) the region of the country where the jail is situated, (d) classification/assessment techniques, and (e) architecture and supervision styles. It is hoped that this discussion will generate a better understanding of the complexity of jail systems across the nation and help public health professionals better target their research, programs, and policies directed at the jail/community health nexus. (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4010331 Wed, 29 Sep 2010 16:30:38 +0100 4010331 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4010330&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F16%2F4%2F262%3Frss%3D1 (No abstract is available for this citation) (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4010330 Wed, 29 Sep 2010 16:30:38 +0100 4010330 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3686103&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F16%2F3%2F250%3Frss%3D1 In the above article published in JCHC Vol. 16, No. 1, an odds ratio error was discovered in Table 2, ‘‘Odds Ratios (OR) and 95% Confidence Intervals (CI) for Gang Involvement by Drug Use.’’ A reanalysis of the data was performed, and the revised Table 2 is shown below. These changes do not affect the findings of Table 1 or the narrative of the article. (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3686103 Tue, 22 Jun 2010 17:15:37 +0100 3686103 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3686102&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F16%2F3%2F243%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3686102 Tue, 22 Jun 2010 17:15:37 +0100 3686102 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3686101&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F16%2F3%2F239%3Frss%3D1 Correctional facilities typically house large numbers of persons in close and crowded conditions for long periods. Clusters of communicable diseases ranging from simple viral upper respiratory infections to more serious threats, such as tuberculosis (TB), infections with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, and influenza, often emerge in these surroundings. The recent H1N1 influenza pandemic highlights the importance of outbreak prevention and containment preparedness, particularly in congregate settings. In this commentary, the authors propose that the TB control model can provide valuable lessons for infection control practitioners to prepare for, identify, investigate, and control outbreaks of communicable diseases to prevent transmission in correctional facilities and to the su... Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3686101 Tue, 22 Jun 2010 17:15:37 +0100 3686101 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3686100&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F16%2F3%2F230%3Frss%3D1 This article summarizes the findings concerning contextual and structural reasons for these deficiencies (in part as reported by a prisoner rights association) and describes an Italian Ministry of Justice project to promote health by creating homogeneous groups of comorbidity for epidemiological study. Data and analysis on certain pathologies in the prison population are presented with special regard to addictions, hepatitis C virus, and cardiovascular problems. One etiological hypothesis focuses on the factors of promiscuity, excessive smoking, sedentary life, and stress. The conclusion is that prisoner health is a problem not only of inmates but for society. (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3686100 Tue, 22 Jun 2010 17:15:37 +0100 3686100 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3686099&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F16%2F3%2F220%3Frss%3D1 This study identifies and describes important psychosocial characteristics, particularly trauma, life-event stressors, health, mental health, and substance abuse, among older adults in prison. Data were collected using case record reviews of 114 prisoners aged 55 or older in the New Jersey Department of Corrections. Findings revealed that the study participants are a diverse group with varied psychosocial issues and needs, including trauma and stress histories, substance use, and health and mental health issues. Most had childhood or adult trauma, such as physical or sexual abuse. Family problems were common in childhood and adulthood. Understanding the problems and needs of older adult prisoners may help improve practice, promote advocacy, and prompt research that can enhance the quality ... Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3686099 Tue, 22 Jun 2010 17:15:37 +0100 3686099 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3686098&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F16%2F3%2F216%3Frss%3D1 This article presents birth weight outcome data for 200 pregnancies at the Indiana Women’s Prison (IWP) over the last 4 years. Overall, 5.5% of the pregnancies at IWP had low birth weight outcomes. The rate was only 2% for women who were incarcerated for more than 4 weeks and got prenatal care. These outcomes were better than the published outcomes for pregnancies in the State of Indiana. (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3686098 Tue, 22 Jun 2010 17:15:37 +0100 3686098 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3686097&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F16%2F3%2F205%3Frss%3D1 This article describes a community-based intervention to manage an outbreak of community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) skin infections in a midwestern county jail. A systematic investigation conducted by a family medicine residency program identified 64 total cases and 19 MRSA cases between January 1 and December 31, 2007. Factors contributing to MRSA transmission included inadequate surveillance, lack of antibacterial soap, and a defective laundry process. All 19 isolates were CA-MRSA and all seven tested by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) were USA300. Four of the seven isolates showed variation of their PFGE patterns. A primary care approach using community-based resources effectively reduced the number of cases in this heterogeneous outbreak of... Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3686097 Tue, 22 Jun 2010 17:15:37 +0100 3686097 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3686096&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F16%2F3%2F188%3Frss%3D1 This article reviews important details of the suicide risk assessment procedure as it pertains to incarcerated individuals. Research on correctional suicide risk factors is briefly outlined as a prelude to discussing current methods of clinical suicide risk assessment and prevention in correctional settings. A comprehensive and reliable procedure for eliciting suicidal ideation, behavior, planning, desire, and intent is described. Recommendations for formulating an individualized suicide risk reduction plan are presented, along with key principles of suicide risk assessment documentation. Finally, issues related to professional liability for suicide in corrections are discussed. (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3686096 Tue, 22 Jun 2010 17:15:37 +0100 3686096 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3686095&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F16%2F3%2F178%3Frss%3D1 This study assessed the prevalence, nature, and risk factors of violence- and accident-related injuries among inmates in state prisons. Data from the 2004 Survey of Inmates in State Correctional Facilities (N = 14,499) were analyzed. More than 32% of inmates reported having been injured since their admission. History of violent offenses, violent victimization, and psychiatric treatment powerfully increased the risk of both types of injuries. Work assignments reduced the risk of violence-related injuries but increased the risk of accident-related injuries. Having received one type of injury raised the risk of the other type of injury. Unlike preexisting health conditions, injury can be proactively and effectively prevented. Coordination of prison services to address risk factors and impleme... Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3686095 Tue, 22 Jun 2010 17:15:37 +0100 3686095 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3686094&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F16%2F3%2F177%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3686094 Tue, 22 Jun 2010 17:15:37 +0100 3686094 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3407179&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F16%2F2%2F162%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3407179 Thu, 25 Mar 2010 19:46:55 +0100 3407179 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3407178&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F16%2F2%2F160%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3407178 Thu, 25 Mar 2010 19:46:55 +0100 3407178 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3407177&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F16%2F2%2F147%3Frss%3D1 In this study, the researchers reviewed relevant articles in Pubmed, PsycInfo, Medline, and EmBase (1983 to 2009) and communicated with other researchers to identify 20 epidemiologic studies that met preestablished inclusion criteria. Random-effects meta- and subgroup analyses were conducted to calculate the prevalence of TBI and the effects of gender, offender type, and definition and method of identifying TBI. The estimated prevalence of TBI in the overall offender population was 60.25 (95% confidence interval: 48.08 to 72.41). A truer estimate of TBI prevalence in offending populations could lead to more appropriate resource allocation, screening, and management of offenders. (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3407177 Thu, 25 Mar 2010 19:46:55 +0100 3407177 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3407176&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F16%2F2%2F139%3Frss%3D1 Coumadin is the most dangerous medicine in common use in primary care medicine as well as in the correctional setting. In the Maryland Division of Correction’s Eastern Correctional Institution, a multivendor collaboration between the medical director and a clinical pharmacist maintained a point-of-care, finger stick international normalized ratio determination using a portable monitor. With an anticoagulation clinic protocol as a guide, changes are considered in the Coumadin dosage and made through the usual procedure. Results are recorded in an electronic patient health record and tracked in a database that shows the current data page as well as updated historical data for each inmate. (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3407176 Thu, 25 Mar 2010 19:46:54 +0100 3407176 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3407175&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F16%2F2%2F133%3Frss%3D1 Approximately 6% to 10% of women entering jails are pregnant. Women entering jail are often poor, medically underserved, and at high risk for substance abuse and unplanned pregnancies. We hypothesize that many women who are pregnant when entering jail have had a prior incarceration and conceived soon after release. We reviewed charts of 269 pregnant women entering the Rhode Island jail between August 1997 and November 2002. Of these women, 52.4% had prior incarcerations. In addition, 117 women conceived within 1 year of a prior release (50% within 90 days, 24% within 91 to 180 days, and 26% more than 180 days postrelease). Women who conceived within 90 days were more likely to be incarcerated for more than 30 days while pregnant than women who conceived after 90 days (relative risk 2.38; 9... Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3407175 Thu, 25 Mar 2010 19:46:54 +0100 3407175 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3407174&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F16%2F2%2F117%3Frss%3D1 Female offenders are showing a dramatic increase and presenting with several challenges to emotional stability. Current research literature notes the disadvantaged state of these women and psychological profiles reflecting depression, anxiety, trauma, shame, low self-worth, and substance abuse. The instillation of hope has been identified as a therapeutic factor and motivating energy that promotes goal development, reduction of negative emotions, and coping ability. This investigation assessed the impact of hope on female prisoners through the use of a psychoeducational group based on Christian spirituality. Data from the Herth Hope Index were analyzed using a series of t tests to measure group differences. Analysis of the data indicated positive change in the therapy group but did not sup... Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3407174 Thu, 25 Mar 2010 19:46:54 +0100 3407174 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3407173&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F16%2F2%2F106%3Frss%3D1 This study investigated the relationship between inmates’ physical health concerns and optimism. Optimism has been consistently associated with physical health in community samples, but little research has examined this potentially malleable variable in an inmate population. This study of 501 male and female jail inmates attempts to bridge this gap. Results showed optimism was negatively associated with physical health concerns upon entry to jail and prior to release or transfer. Additionally, optimism assessed upon entry to jail predicted modest decreases in physical health concerns over incarceration. Results suggest that optimism is a health-related variable that may be beneficial when optimism-increasing components are integrated into treatment. (Source: Journal of Correctional H... Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3407173 Thu, 25 Mar 2010 19:46:54 +0100 3407173 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3407172&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F16%2F2%2F98%3Frss%3D1 Despite the national trend that 90% of prisons have smoke-free indoors policies, compliance and enforcement remain barriers to policy success. Key informant interviews about policy compliance and enforcement were conducted with 10 staff and inmates at two North Carolina prison facilities, one with a complete ban (indoors and outdoors) and one with a partial ban (indoors only). Communication of the tobacco bans was consistent and well understood in both facilities. Barriers to compliance and enforcement, especially in the complete ban facility, included policy ‘‘buy in,’’ the emerging black market for cigarettes, staff support, and access to nicotine replacement therapy. Despite these barriers, most informants reported that implementation and enforcement of complete ... Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3407172 Thu, 25 Mar 2010 19:46:54 +0100 3407172 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3407171&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F16%2F2%2F97%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3407171 Thu, 25 Mar 2010 19:46:54 +0100 3407171 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3099526&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F16%2F1%2F79%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3099526 Fri, 18 Dec 2009 00:02:42 +0100 3099526 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3099525&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F16%2F1%2F67%3Frss%3D1 This study evaluated the readability and internal consistency of a questionnaire designed to assess such behaviors. The questionnaire was administered to 277 inmates. The Flesch Reading Ease score was 78.3 with a Flesch-Kincaid grade level of 3.7, suggesting limited comprehension difficulties. Internal consistency was evaluated by determining Cronbach’s alpha (C) for total items and for each subscale. Following factor analyses, 25 items converged into five subscales and combined they account for 72% of the variance. The overall C was .86 and the subscales C ranged from .82 to .98. Findings reveal that the questionnaire is internally consistent and suitable for use with prisoners with low literacy skills. The use of this instrument for intervention studies in prisons has the potential... Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3099525 Fri, 18 Dec 2009 00:02:42 +0100 3099525 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3099524&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F16%2F1%2F48%3Frss%3D1 This article reviews the literature concerning self-injury among criminal offenders. It describes many of the problems, barriers, and obstacles to effective assessment and treatment of self-injury and discusses the absence of a clear paradigm within which to develop a classification system and standardized nomenclature to describe the spectrum of self-injurious behaviors. This article distinguishes between self-injury resulting from suicidal versus nonsuicidal intent, presents treatment strategies for managing each, and concludes with a proposed set of eight recommended goals for creating a national strategy to develop self-injury programming in correctional settings. (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3099524 Fri, 18 Dec 2009 00:02:42 +0100 3099524 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3099523&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F16%2F1%2F39%3Frss%3D1 In correctional settings, deviations from the standard of care are not self-correcting as they would be for free persons who may request different opinions or change providers. Inmates are perceived as generally litigious and may file suits with frequency. The author analyzed three typical cases of correctional litigation. The allegations were failure to work up hemoptysis in a patient with asthma, leading to delays in the diagnosis of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) pneumonia and death; failure to continue antiretroviral therapy (ART) plus failure to implement emergency treatment with antivirals specific for opportunistic infections of the eye, resulting in blindness; and failure to timely diagnose rhabdomyolysis with ensuing need for renal dialysis and accidental perfo... Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3099523 Fri, 18 Dec 2009 00:02:42 +0100 3099523 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3099522&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F16%2F1%2F27%3Frss%3D1 This pilot project tested the feasibility of an evidence-based HIV Intervention Program (HIP) program among 64 male youth, most of whom were African American or Hispanic, in Los Angeles County probation camps. Comparisons were made between adolescents who participated in HIP and a control group on changes in (a) condom use, (b) sexual intercourse under the influence of drugs, (c) knowledge of HIV prevention behaviors, and (d) attitudes toward condom use. Compared to the control group, the intervention group demonstrated significant increases in condom use and significant decreases in their endorsement of the attitude, ‘‘If you want to use a condom, your boy-friend or girlfriend might think you don’t trust them.’’ These preliminary findings suggest that the HIP... Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3099522 Fri, 18 Dec 2009 00:02:42 +0100 3099522 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3099521&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F16%2F1%2F17%3Frss%3D1 Paroled individuals have physical and mental health problems and addiction disorders at rates greater than the general population. The aim of this study was to identify the perceived barriers and facilitators parolees encounter in their efforts to access and utilize health care services in the community. Qualitative data were collected via individual interviews with 17 chronically ill, middle-aged male parolees. Study results included financial and administrative barriers to care; structural facilitators to care; and the influence of clinicians’ professional demeanor on health care access. Increased access to health care can provide opportunities to address both the health care and reintegration needs of individuals on parole. (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3099521 Fri, 18 Dec 2009 00:02:42 +0100 3099521 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3099520&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F16%2F1%2F6%3Frss%3D1 Epidemiological methods and public health theories can be tied to theories of crime and delinquency and used to create evidence-based policy. Interdisciplinary theoretical approaches to existing, and emerging, public health and criminal justice problems hold great promise. Differential association theory postulates that close association with delinquent peers leads to an increase in deviant activities such as illicit drug use. Social cognitive theory postulates that health behavior change is driven by the interaction of (a) cognitive states that support a health outcome, (b) the social and contextual environment, (c) and individual action. Combined, these theories can be applied to drug eradication programs as well as other health and crime issues. Focus groups and interviews were performe... Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3099520 Fri, 18 Dec 2009 00:02:42 +0100 3099520 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3099519&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F16%2F1%2F5%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3099519 Fri, 18 Dec 2009 00:02:41 +0100 3099519 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2841689&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F15%2F4%2F337%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2841689 Sun, 27 Sep 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2841689 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2841688&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F15%2F4%2F335%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2841688 Sun, 27 Sep 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2841688 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2841687&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F15%2F4%2F328%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2841687 Sun, 27 Sep 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2841687 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2841686&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F15%2F4%2F318%3Frss%3D1 Incarceration and obesity rates have both increased in the United States. An implication is that there will be more obese inmates, which likely will raise the prevalence of obesity-related diseases, affecting the cost and performance of correctional health care. Other issues include increased costs of transport, restraint, and housing. There is surprisingly little published information on inmate obesity prevalence. The few published research studies suggest obesity prevalence in prisons reflects that of their region. Cardiovascular-related prisoner deaths appear to be associated with state-level obesity, though other risk factors are likely involved. Weight gain while incarcerated is common, and the prevalence of diabetes is increasing. The data suggest that preventive care is not a priori... Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2841686 Sun, 27 Sep 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2841686 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2841685&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F15%2F4%2F310%3Frss%3D1 We examined jail environmental surfaces to explore whether they might serve as reservoirs of viable methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). We swabbed 132 surfaces, inoculated primary and secondary mannitol salts and oxacillin-resistant screening agar, and used API tests to identify S. aureus and E-tests to determine methicillin/oxacillin resistance. We recovered S. aureus from 10 (7.6%) surfaces; eight (6.1%) isolates were MRSA. We ran pulsed-field gel electrophoresis on six resistant isolates and observed three patterns, one of which was identical to that identified in a previous study of inmates’ nasal specimens. Finding MRSA-contaminated surfaces on a variety of environmental surfaces in the absence of an overt outbreak emphasizes that correctional facilities should h... Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2841685 Sun, 27 Sep 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2841685 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2841684&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F15%2F4%2F302%3Frss%3D1 This article focuses on the mental health of this prisoner population and the training needs of staff caring for them. It reports the experience of a national project, funded by the Department of Health, in which the project team developed and piloted mental health awareness training for prison officers on the residential units and for staff who work with prisoners and lack a mental health background. Key findings from the posttraining evaluation are highlighted. Participant feedback demonstrates the value placed on this type of training by those working in the prison setting. (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2841684 Sun, 27 Sep 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2841684 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2841683&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F15%2F4%2F292%3Frss%3D1 Second-generation or ‘‘atypical’’ antipsychotics can cause metabolic derangements that lead to diabetes and cardiovascular disease. To potentially minimize these adverse effects, the University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey — University Correctional HealthCare (UCHC) and the New Jersey Department of Corrections (NJ DOC) created a metabolic monitoring program that was incorporated into the electronic medical record. This program is used statewide by UCHC psychiatrists working within the NJ DOC. (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2841683 Sun, 27 Sep 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2841683 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2841682&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F15%2F4%2F280%3Frss%3D1 Inmates with gender identity disorders (GID) pose special challenges to policy makers in U.S. prison systems. Transgender persons are likely overrepresented in prisons; a reasonable estimate is that at least 750 transgender prisoners were in custody in 2007. Using the Freedom of Information Act, requests were mailed to each state, the District of Columbia, and the Federal Bureau of Prisons in 2007. The requests were for copies of policies, directives, memos, or other documents concerning placement and health care access of transgender inmates. By April 2008, 46 responses were received; 6 states did not reply. Information was qualitatively analyzed and summarized. There was substantial disparity in transgender health care for inmates with GID or related conditions. Most systems allowed for ... Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2841682 Sun, 27 Sep 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2841682 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2841681&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F15%2F4%2F268%3Frss%3D1 The number of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections in correctional facilities around the country has been increasing. Considering the potential health impact of MRSA, it is important that correctional facilities have prevention and control protocols in place. The study results summarize the prevention and control preparedness activities of county jails in the Greater Dayton area of Ohio. Protocols and control measures were in place for environmental control (95.4%), MRSA screening (88.4%), standard precautions (84.3%), treatment (83.6%), personal hygiene (80.6%), and education (80.4%). Statistical analysis found no significant difference between rural and urban county jails in their handling of MRSA issues. The findings suggest significant compliance with MRSA prev... Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2841681 Sun, 27 Sep 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2841681 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2841680&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F15%2F4%2F251%3Frss%3D1 In this feasibility study, we conducted a meta-analysis of health inequalities, especially around issues of nutrition and exercise, in correctional institutions compared to the community. The project explored the extent to which the inequalities found in the health of people in the community are mirrored by inequalities found in prison. Existing data were examined to assess what light they might shed on existing health inequalities, with emphasis on lifestyle issues that contribute to obesity. The project raised questions about the sources of health inequalities and how they could be reduced. Specifically, the study compared the diet and exercise lifestyles of prisoners versus the community to examine whether they correlate with the frequency of obesity, hypertension, and type 2 diabetes m... Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2841680 Sun, 27 Sep 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2841680 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2841679&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F15%2F4%2F249%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2841679 Sun, 27 Sep 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2841679 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2501089&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F15%2F3%2F241%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2501089 Sun, 21 Jun 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2501089 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2501088&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F15%2F3%2F239%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2501088 Sun, 21 Jun 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2501088 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2501087&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F15%2F3%2F232%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2501087 Sun, 21 Jun 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2501087 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2501086&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F15%2F3%2F227%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2501086 Sun, 21 Jun 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2501086 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2501085&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F15%2F3%2F222%3Frss%3D1 Intended for those who already see the value of standards for correctional health care and the impact accreditation can have on the field, this article is a personal reflection from the perspective of a recently retired director of accreditation for the National Commission on Correctional Health Care. Based on 11 years in that role, the author discusses issues and controversies in the field. Part I addresses the relationships between correctional and community health care, explores the essence and role of standards, and examines aspects of accreditation. Part II addresses Evolution to Revolution, Keys to Continued Progress, and Solving Correctional Health Care Puzzles. (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2501085 Sun, 21 Jun 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2501085 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2501084&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F15%2F3%2F210%3Frss%3D1 This study reports a randomized trial that examines the efficacy of brief negotiation interviewing (BNI) compared to usual education activities. BNI is a computerized, self-directed intervention that combines a short structured interview with a brief counseling session. The study examined whether BNI could decrease HIV risks and increase testing for HIV in a cohort of criminal-justice-involved clients. The trial randomly assigned 212 participants to experimental (108) and control (104) conditions. Interview data were collected at baseline and at 2-month follow-up. Results indicate that the BNI intervention group had a significantly higher rate of HIV testing and was more likely to consider behavioral changes. (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2501084 Sun, 21 Jun 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2501084 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2501083&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F15%2F3%2F197%3Frss%3D1 This study examined sexual risk and substance use behavior and the perceptions of African American female adolescent detainees (N = 765) regarding the influence of alcohol and marijuana use on their social and sexual behaviors. Overall, 58% and 64% reported alcohol and marijuana use, respectively. Alcohol's perceived influence on sexual behavior (p < .001) was significantly different between those who drank and those who did not; marijuana's influence on social (p < .01) and sexual (p < .001) behavior was significantly different between those who used marijuana and those who did not. There is a need for further study of the influence of substance use on social and sexual behavior among African American female adolescent detainees. (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2501083 Sun, 21 Jun 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2501083 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2501082&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F15%2F3%2F190%3Frss%3D1 Approximately 70% of incarcerated people smoke tobacco, and an estimated 12% of all smokers in the United States leave correctional facilities annually. Many facilities prohibit smoking, but no published study has measured the relapse to tobacco after release. In a study of 200 people with chronic health conditions reentering the community from jail, 165 (83%) were cigarette smokers. Of these, 129 were interviewed at 1 and/or 6 months after release. Self-reported sustained abstinence rates were 37.3% at the end of the first day, 17.7% for the first week, 13.7% for 1 month, and 3.1% for 6 months. These abstinence rates are lower than those reported after military basic training and medical hospitalization but similar to rates after inpatient psychiatric and addiction programs. More efforts ... Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2501082 Sun, 21 Jun 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2501082 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2501081&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F15%2F3%2F179%3Frss%3D1 This article is a qualitative exploration of the state of health care services with regard to HIV/AIDS in three correctional facilities in Maharashtra state in India. Case studies of 10 reported cases of HIV-positive inmates were prepared from their narratives obtained through face-to-face in-depth unstructured interviews. The data were analyzed thematically. High-risk behavior among prisoners, inadequate access to health care services for HIV-positive inmates, and lack of HIV/AIDS prevention programs emerged as some of the major areas of concern. Collaboration of the Prison Department with the National Aids Control Programme is a key recommendation. (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2501081 Sun, 21 Jun 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2501081 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2501080&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F15%2F3%2F174%3Frss%3D1 This article reviews our 1-year (2005) experience with skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs) in a medium-sized county jail. As part of a quality assurance process, the authors cultured every SSTI presenting to our institution. The authors found that a full 68% of SSTIs (50 of 74) were MRSA species, and new MRSA cases presented regularly throughout the year. Inmates usually have poor understanding of infectious processes and need constant support and education. Correctional health care providers must approach their antibiotic treatment for today's SSTIs with the knowledge that MRSA is very common. This article reviews treatment options, preventive measures, and institutional hygiene. (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2501080 Sun, 21 Jun 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2501080 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2501079&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F15%2F3%2F173%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2501079 Sun, 21 Jun 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2501079 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2294259&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F15%2F2%2F157%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2294259 Thu, 26 Mar 2009 04:00:00 +0100 2294259 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2294257&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F15%2F2%2F150%3Frss%3D1 Intended for those who already see the value of standards for correctional health care and the impact accreditation can have on the field, this article is a personal reflection from the perspective of a recently retired director of accreditation for the National Commission on Correctional Health Care. Based on 11 years in that role, the author discusses issues and controversies in the field. Part I addresses the relationships between correctional and community health care, explores the essence and role of standards, and examines aspects of accreditation. Part II (to be published in Volume 15, Issue 3) focuses on the current ``revolution'' in correctional health care, keys to continued progress, and how to deal with correctional health care puzzles. (Source: Journal of Correctional Health C... Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2294257 Thu, 26 Mar 2009 04:00:00 +0100 2294257 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2294255&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F15%2F2%2F142%3Frss%3D1 Unknown numbers of incarcerated people are losing public benefits. Instead of suspending these until the prisoner or detainee is released into society, some states are simply terminating benefits upon incarceration. Although there is evidence to suggest that this policy is having negative consequences for those who are reentering society and on their communities and systems of care, the precise impact is not clear because a systematic monitoring of these actions is nonexistent. A more efficient system would (a) suspend benefits and automatically reinstate the same to those eligible upon release and (b) establish a monitoring mechanism that would provide an accurate accounting of how these benefits are being applied. (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2294255 Thu, 26 Mar 2009 04:00:00 +0100 2294255 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2294253&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F15%2F2%2F129%3Frss%3D1 To date, little research has systematically investigated perceptions of mental health professionals regarding motivations for self-injury among prison inmates. To help fill this gap, the authors used descriptive techniques to examine self-injurious behavior among inmates from the perspective of correctional mental health professionals. A quantitative survey assessed perceptions of mental health staff regarding etiology, motivations, and manifestations of self-injury. A qualitative interview component was used to explicate responses from the survey. Inmate cutting, scratching, opening old wounds, and inserting objects were the most commonly witnessed behaviors. Findings suggest that self-injury occurred regularly and that a subset of inmates are responsible for recurrent events. Mental heal... Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2294253 Thu, 26 Mar 2009 04:00:00 +0100 2294253 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2294251&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F15%2F2%2F118%3Frss%3D1 This article describes the collaboration and ongoing goals established between administrative leaders and medical staff in Georgia prison facilities and public health officials. Sessions covered topics such as nonpharmaceutical interventions, health care surge capacity, and prison-community interfaces. Interactive activities and tabletop scenarios were used to promote dynamic learning, and pretests and posttests were administered to evaluate the short-term impact of conference participation. The conference has been followed by subsequent meetings and an ongoing process to guide prisons' preparation for pandemic influenza. (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2294251 Thu, 26 Mar 2009 04:00:00 +0100 2294251 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2294249&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F15%2F2%2F105%3Frss%3D1 Despite high documented HIV prevalence, few jail systems offer universal HIV screening, nor is this always feasible. The authors evaluated undiagnosed HIV infection and HIV risk history by arrest charge among 1,322 new arrestees to examine whether specific charges may help prioritize jail-based screening. Undiagnosed HIV prevalence was 2.7% and 1.0% among males and females, with 32% and 45% reporting recent STD diagnoses or high-risk behaviors for HIV. HIV risk history distinguished HIV-infected males but not females. Males with parole violation, sex, or theft charges had high undiagnosed HIV infection rates relative to other males. A weaker trend was observed for females with parole violation, drug, or violent charges. These charges represented 30% and 66% of males and females studied and... Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2294249 Thu, 26 Mar 2009 04:00:00 +0100 2294249 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2294247&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F15%2F2%2F98%3Frss%3D1 This retrospective study examined prescription medication records for 1 year in a county-funded juvenile detention facility. Findings show that 7% of the detained youths were prescribed psychotherapeutic agents, which accounted for approximately 83% of the annual medication budget. Of the 799 male and 227 female detained youths, 14% of the males and 27% of the females were prescribed medications, with some prescribed as many as 23 different medications during their short-term stay. More than 93% of the total medication costs were accounted for by psychotherapeutic agents, antibiotics, and allergy/asthma medications at an average monthly cost of $46.50 per youth. Male youths who were prescribed medications cost $324 per month; their female counterparts cost $170 per month. (Source: Journal ... Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2294247 Thu, 26 Mar 2009 04:00:00 +0100 2294247 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2294245&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F15%2F2%2F97%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2294245 Thu, 26 Mar 2009 04:00:00 +0100 2294245 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2071900&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F15%2F1%2F78%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2071900 Fri, 02 Jan 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2071900 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2071899&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F15%2F1%2F58%3Frss%3D1 This article presents an analysis of approximately 2,200 physical and 200 sexual victimizations reported by a random sample of 6,964 male inmates. Physical injury occurred in 40% of physical assaults and 70% of sexual assaults between inmates and in 50% of assaults perpetrated by staff. Emotional reactions to assaults were experienced by virtually all victims. Context information is vital in the development and implementation of prevention and therapeutic interventions. (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2071899 Fri, 02 Jan 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2071899 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2071898&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F15%2F1%2F47%3Frss%3D1 This research examined the impact of a structured meditation program intervention on female detainees, comparing an experimental group and a control group for medical symptoms, emotions, and behaviors before and after the intervention. A 2 1/2-hour meditation session was held once a week for 7 weeks. Study participants completed a medical symptoms checklist before the program began and after it ended. At the posttest period, the experimental group experienced fewer sleeping difficulties, less desire to throw things or hit people, and less nail or cuticle biting; were more hopeful about their future; and felt less guilt. Meditation was beneficial for this population and may be a cost-effective tool for inmates and administrators. Meditation effects, especially among inmates, merit further r... Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2071898 Fri, 02 Jan 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2071898 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2071897&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F15%2F1%2F35%3Frss%3D1 This preliminary study examines the correlates of prescription drug abuse in a sample of adolescents in an urban juvenile detention center in Ohio. The study measures risk in 359 incarcerated females (20.1%) and 1,425 males (79.9%) by asking questions related to problems with alcohol, drug use, treatment history, mental and physical health problems, sexual behavior, anger management, physical violence, and family support. The results of the study suggest that incarcerated adolescents may benefit from interventions targeting prescription drug misuse. Female adolescent detainees abuse prescription drugs at a higher level than male adolescent detainees (17% vs. 10%). The correlates of prescription drug abuse are complex and multidimensional and offer opportunities for further study. (Source: ... Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2071897 Fri, 02 Jan 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2071897 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2071896&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F15%2F1%2F28%3Frss%3D1 Public health agencies can use jail as an opportunity to reach populations disproportionately affected by sexually transmitted infections (STI). The emphasis that STI control programs place on screening jail entrants varies considerably. Nine million individuals passed through U.S. jails in 2005, many in counties where STIs are rare. A pilot program of screening for Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Chlamydia trachomatis was implemented at the intake sites for the combined jail and prison system of Rhode Island, a state with a low prevalence of STIs. Prevalence of either gonorrhea or chlamydia among detainees was 4.6%, but in women aged 25 and younger, the rate was 24 times that of similar-aged women statewide. Screening led to treatment for 22 (81%) of the infected inmates and 10 of their partner... Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2071896 Fri, 02 Jan 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2071896 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2071895&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F15%2F1%2F19%3Frss%3D1 This article summarizes the basic legal premises behind such litigations, which involve claims of medical malpractice and/or deliberate indifference. Common causes of omissions and commissions in correctional mental health care practice leading to such litigation are outlined. A few select court decisions are reviewed and, based on the author's experience, risk management strategies and procedures for clinicians and for correctional officers are provided. (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2071895 Fri, 02 Jan 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2071895 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2071894&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F15%2F1%2F5%3Frss%3D1 This article establishes the widespread prevalence of ADHD in the prison system and the critical importance of identifying and treating ADHD as an essential component for any best practice models for preventing crime and reducing recidivism. It also examines the major mechanisms whereby ADHD increases the risk for crime and recidivism. (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2071894 Fri, 02 Jan 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2071894 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2071893&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F15%2F1%2F3%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2071893 Fri, 02 Jan 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2071893 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1831940&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F14%2F4%2F318%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1831940 Fri, 26 Sep 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1831940 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1831939&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F14%2F4%2F311%3Frss%3D1 The correctional system provides an opportunity to improve the functionality and quality of life of inmates who are mentally ill. Patients' ability to tolerate medications influences their adherence to a medication regimen. Rates of nonadherence among bipolar patients are unacceptably high. In an effort to reduce treatment costs, many correctional programs are considering eliminating newer psychotropic medicines on their formularies in favor of cheaper generic medications. We retrospectively identified all patients incarcerated in the Muscogee County Jail who were treated with valproic acid, Depakote DR, or the recently available extended release form of divalproic sodium, Depakote ER. The purpose was to discover if patient compliance improved when switched from valproic acid or Depakote D... Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1831939 Fri, 26 Sep 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1831939 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1831938&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F14%2F4%2F299%3Frss%3D1 The growth of the prison system in recent years and its need for continuous operations have required correctional officers to adjust to night and shift work, which creates special demands on their health and performance. Working when he or she would otherwise be asleep, the officer's biological clock can produce physiological, psychological, and behavioral changes that compromise attention, reaction time, risk taking, and efficiency, and that promote errors. By understanding the changes that shift work introduces, administrators, officers, and their families can be better prepared to cope with shift stress. Organizational, home, and personal shift-adjustment procedures are described and recommended. (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1831938 Fri, 26 Sep 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1831938 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1831937&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F14%2F4%2F290%3Frss%3D1 To improve knowledge of and encourage testing for HIV, hepatitis, and sexually transmitted diseases among inmates, Albany Medical College and the New York State Department of Corrections developed a peer-led videotape and comic-book-style pamphlet. Inmates assigned to an intervention group viewed the videotape and pamphlet and completed pre- and posttest questionnaires; a control group did not. Both groups completed a risk assessment and testing request form. Analysis sought to detect testing request differences between groups and changes in disease knowledge among intervention group participants. Although more intervention participants requested testing, the differences were not statistically significant. After viewing the videotape, significantly more inmates agreed that communicable dis... Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1831937 Fri, 26 Sep 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1831937 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1831936&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F14%2F4%2F278%3Frss%3D1 Correctional health offers unparalleled opportunities for primary care research on clinical outcomes for a unique population and setting that provide rich experiences for health professions education, training, and practice. Because all correctional facilities are part of a larger community and 95% of inmates will eventually be released back to their communities, inmate health and well-being have a direct impact on the larger community. Collaborations between academic and correctional medicine can significantly affect the public's health by providing care to one of its most vulnerable populations, one with significant pathology and health disparities. (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1831936 Fri, 26 Sep 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1831936 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1831935&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F14%2F4%2F269%3Frss%3D1 In March 2007, a national work group met to review the state of mental health research in correctional settings. Participants identified gaps in current knowledge and topics most in need of further research. The discussion of important subjects for further investigation focused on five broad, and often overlapping, content areas: epidemiology, research methodology, functional behaviors, efficacy of interventions, and safety. Barriers to conducting correctional research that the group identified included funding difficulties, resistance from stakeholders, restricted access to subjects, limited information technology, ethical concerns, and institutional review board (IRB) requirements. Potential strategies for overcoming these barriers, such as setting appropriate priorities, easing the burd... Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1831935 Fri, 26 Sep 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1831935 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1831934&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F14%2F4%2F263%3Frss%3D1 This article summarizes the focused discussion on infectious diseases. Results of this workshop suggested that research is needed on testing procedures (HIV and HCV), sexual behavior and risks during incarceration, the use of existing clinical data (secondary analyses), and evaluation of corrections-specific education materials on HIV and HCV. Finally, a forum for correctional health researchers to share study findings and to develop multisite research relationships is urgently needed. (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1831934 Fri, 26 Sep 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1831934 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1831933&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F14%2F4%2F260%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1831933 Fri, 26 Sep 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1831933 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1831932&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F14%2F4%2F258%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1831932 Fri, 26 Sep 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1831932 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1785182&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F14%2F3%2F236%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1785182 Thu, 11 Sep 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1785182 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1785181&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F14%2F3%2F232%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1785181 Thu, 11 Sep 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1785181 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1785180&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F14%2F3%2F222%3Frss%3D1 This study evaluated a therapeutic program for mentally ill adult male inmates in segregation on the mental health unit of the Broward County (Florida) Jail. Archival records of all admissions to the Transitional Unit over a 11/2-year period were examined to determine whether the program met three goals: (a) increased inmate socialization and engagement, (b) reduction in psychological symptomology, and (c) movement to a less restrictive environment. Significant differences were discovered between inmates who received fewer negative incident reports, complied with medication, and attended group, and those who were able to transfer to less restrictive housing. Furthermore, inmates in the study demonstrated a reduction in the intensity of symptomology over time. Findings suggest that the prog... Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1785180 Thu, 11 Sep 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1785180 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1785179&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F14%2F3%2F209%3Frss%3D1 The author performed systematic analysis of health records referred to him for an opinion on the quality of medical care delivered to 67 jail or prison inmates who litigated, to ascertain why litigation had occurred. Three categories are described. In category A, the plaintiff was an inmate with injuries hard to define in physical terms or that occurred after release. In category B, the inmate had injuries or sequelae that would be readily visible by a juror. In category C, the inmate died in custody; these deaths occurred for a variety of reasons. Similarities and patterns were found for all three categories. Simple risk management suggestions to prevent litigation and improve correctional health care delivery are provided. (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1785179 Thu, 11 Sep 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1785179 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1785178&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F14%2F3%2F202%3Frss%3D1 This article discusses the growth of prison populations and the characteristic of aging and elderly prisoners. The health status and health care of older inmates are addressed, followed by an overview of approaches being implemented in caring for the aging prison population nationwide. (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1785178 Thu, 11 Sep 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1785178 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1785177&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F14%2F3%2F197%3Frss%3D1 Telemedicine was used to provide diabetes consultations to improve glycemic control for individuals incarcerated in 12 institutions in the New York State penal system. A total of 108 televisits were conducted from January 1, 2004 to February 28, 2007, with 43 males with multiple medical comorbidities and difficult-to-control type 1 (35%) or type 2 (65%) diabetes. Most (86%) required insulin therapy. It was found that the number of individuals with poorest glycemic control (hemoglobin A1c >9%) was reduced by approximately 40%, and 29% of the patients were able to achieve a hemoglobin A1c <7%. The greatest improvements in glycemic control were observed in those with frequent televisits over a longer duration of follow-up. This suggests that telemedicine is a feasible approach for improvin... Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1785177 Thu, 11 Sep 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1785177 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1785176&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F14%2F3%2F183%3Frss%3D1 This article describes both interventions: the single-session intervention and the enhanced intervention. The single-session intervention focused on HIV/STD/hepatitis prevention only. The enhanced intervention consisted of two prerelease and four postrelease sessions that focused on HIV/STD/hepatitis prevention and more broadly on health and reintegration into the community. Specific procedures used to implement the interventions in correctional settings are described. Process data describing intervention attendance and fidelity to the intervention protocols are presented. Implications for future intervention studies are discussed. (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1785176 Thu, 11 Sep 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1785176 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1785175&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F14%2F3%2F168%3Frss%3D1 A focus on the quality of health care is becoming increasingly relevant to all health care providers and administrators, including those in the corrections setting. The article provides practical steps that can be taken to improve quality and offers a synopsis of commonly used quality improvement tools. A number of quality improvement strategies derived from the medical field are mentioned briefly. Quality management requires the participation of everyone in the organization and is greatly facilitated by working in teams. Quality improvement requires organizational and individual change. The effective management of both of these issues is crucial for success and is briefly discussed. The article concludes with discussion of potential barriers to quality improvement attempts. (Source: Journ... Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1785175 Thu, 11 Sep 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1785175 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1785174&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F14%2F3%2F166%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1785174 Thu, 11 Sep 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1785174 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1333668&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F14%2F2%2F141%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1333668 Fri, 28 Mar 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1333668 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1333667&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F14%2F2%2F139%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1333667 Fri, 28 Mar 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1333667 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1333666&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F14%2F2%2F136%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1333666 Fri, 28 Mar 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1333666 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1333665&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F14%2F2%2F122%3Frss%3D1 This article describes a multidisciplinary, multiagency approach to improve access to mental health services in individuals incarcerated within the New York State Department of Correctional Services (DOCS). An interagency work group convened focus groups with staff to assess needs and created a brief screening tool for serious mental illnesses. The NYS Brief Screening Tool (NYS BST) was pilot tested at two DOCS maximum security facilities. Results indicate that the NYS BST is easily administered by staff and well tolerated by inmates. Preliminary measures of sensitivity were within acceptable limits. The routine use of the NYS BST during intake at DOCS reception centers is under discussion. It also will be considered for use throughout the system whenever an inmate needs to be screened for... Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1333665 Fri, 28 Mar 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1333665 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1333664&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F14%2F2%2F109%3Frss%3D1 This article reviews the current research on cognitive behavioral techniques for the treatment of sex offenders and provides guidelines for treatment providers. (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1333664 Fri, 28 Mar 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1333664 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1333663&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F14%2F2%2F99%3Frss%3D1 Screening and treatment for Chlamydia trachomatis in the incarcerated population is important and challenging. The goal of this study was threefold: (a) investigate the usefulness of screening asymptomatic juveniles; (b) examine the feasibility of completing treatment in high turnover juvenile correction facilities; and (c) assess the strengths and weaknesses of the current screening and treatment program in a juvenile detention center relative to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention guidelines. In a retrospective chart review of 508 subjects, the researchers analyzed the screening of juvenile inmates and treatment of those who tested positive for C. trachomatis. The study showed that 20.8% of females and 8.9% of males tested positive for C. trachomatis during screening in 2005. ... Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1333663 Fri, 28 Mar 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1333663 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1333662&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F14%2F2%2F89%3Frss%3D1 Chlamydia trachomatis is the most prevalent sexually transmitted bacterial infection among adolescents in the United States. Chlamydia infections that go untreated may cause complications such as pelvic inflammatory disease, ectopic pregnancy, epididymitis, and infertility. Screening has become easier and more cost-effective with the development of nucleic acid amplification tests. Two common treatments for chlamydia infections are a single dose of azithromycin and a 7-day course of doxycycline. Although the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has published guidelines regarding screening for and treating chlamydia, only a small percentage of correctional health care facilities adhere to them. Correctional facilities have the opportunity to prevent transmission of chlamydia within a ... Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1333662 Fri, 28 Mar 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1333662 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1333661&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F14%2F2%2F80%3Frss%3D1 The authors examined the prevalence of sexual violence, high-risk sexual behaviors, substance abuse, history of sexually transmitted disease (STD), and participation in risk-reduction interventions among incarcerated women attending a prison-based STD clinic. Trained interviewers administered a questionnaire to 214 participants. Analysis revealed that history of sexual violence was common; first experience was usually at a young age (almost half at or younger than 10 years old). History of sexual violence was associated with having 10 or more sexual partners in the year before incarceration and during their lifetime, first pregnancy by age 16, trading sex for drugs, trading sex for money, any drug use, and history of diagnosed STD. Sexual violence, particularly childhood sexual abuse, may ... Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1333661 Fri, 28 Mar 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1333661 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1333660&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F14%2F2%2F79%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1333660 Fri, 28 Mar 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1333660 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1093770&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F14%2F1%2F63%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1093770 Thu, 13 Dec 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1093770 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1093769&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F14%2F1%2F48%3Frss%3D1 Motivational interviewing (MI) is a client-centered approach to behavior change. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of a 10-week intervention, using MI procedures, on selected measures of fitness, blood lipids (reflecting changes in exercise and dietary habits), and exercise adherence among 67 police officers—54 men and 13 women—in the southeastern United States. Multivariate analyses indicated significantly improved physical fitness and lipid profile scores between pre- and postintervention (p < .001). Adherence to the fitness regimen averaged 80% for cardiovascular activity and 75% for strength training. MI techniques appeared to markedly encourage selected changes in health behaviors (e.g., exercise, eating habits) among the police officers. The relativel... Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1093769 Thu, 13 Dec 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1093769 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1093768&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F14%2F1%2F39%3Frss%3D1 An outbreak investigation was conducted in a Tennessee prison to determine the extent of Mycobacterium tuberculosis transmission and prevent additional tuberculosis (TB) cases. Inmates, staff, visitors, and community contacts were screened. TB disease was diagnosed for eight inmates, including one after release and three people in the community, including two young children. In addition, 59 contacts (47 inmates, 4 staff members, and 8 additional persons in the community) were newly diagnosed with latent TB infection (LTBI). Failure to recognize TB symptoms, delays in TB diagnosis, inconsistent LTBI treatment, and prolonged congregation of inmates with infectious TB propagated this outbreak. Prison incarceration provides an important opportunity to diagnose and treat LTBI and thus prevent T... Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1093768 Thu, 13 Dec 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1093768 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1093767&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F14%2F1%2F36%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1093767 Thu, 13 Dec 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1093767