MedWorm.com provides a medical RSS filtering service. Over 6000 RSS medical sources are combined and output via different filters. This feed contains the latest items from the 'Journal of Correctional Health Care' source. Tue, 16 Feb 2010 16:00:05 +0100 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3099526&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F16%2F1%2F79%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3099526 Fri, 18 Dec 2009 00:02:42 +0100 3099526 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3099525&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F16%2F1%2F67%3Frss%3D1 This study evaluated the readability and internal consistency of a questionnaire designed to assess such behaviors. The questionnaire was administered to 277 inmates. The Flesch Reading Ease score was 78.3 with a Flesch-Kincaid grade level of 3.7, suggesting limited comprehension difficulties. Internal consistency was evaluated by determining Cronbach’s alpha (C) for total items and for each subscale. Following factor analyses, 25 items converged into five subscales and combined they account for 72% of the variance. The overall C was .86 and the subscales C ranged from .82 to .98. Findings reveal that the questionnaire is internally consistent and suitable for use with prisoners with low literacy skills. The use of this instrument for intervention studies in prisons has the potential... Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3099525 Fri, 18 Dec 2009 00:02:42 +0100 3099525 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3099524&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F16%2F1%2F48%3Frss%3D1 This article reviews the literature concerning self-injury among criminal offenders. It describes many of the problems, barriers, and obstacles to effective assessment and treatment of self-injury and discusses the absence of a clear paradigm within which to develop a classification system and standardized nomenclature to describe the spectrum of self-injurious behaviors. This article distinguishes between self-injury resulting from suicidal versus nonsuicidal intent, presents treatment strategies for managing each, and concludes with a proposed set of eight recommended goals for creating a national strategy to develop self-injury programming in correctional settings. (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3099524 Fri, 18 Dec 2009 00:02:42 +0100 3099524 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3099523&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F16%2F1%2F39%3Frss%3D1 In correctional settings, deviations from the standard of care are not self-correcting as they would be for free persons who may request different opinions or change providers. Inmates are perceived as generally litigious and may file suits with frequency. The author analyzed three typical cases of correctional litigation. The allegations were failure to work up hemoptysis in a patient with asthma, leading to delays in the diagnosis of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) pneumonia and death; failure to continue antiretroviral therapy (ART) plus failure to implement emergency treatment with antivirals specific for opportunistic infections of the eye, resulting in blindness; and failure to timely diagnose rhabdomyolysis with ensuing need for renal dialysis and accidental perfo... Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3099523 Fri, 18 Dec 2009 00:02:42 +0100 3099523 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3099522&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F16%2F1%2F27%3Frss%3D1 This pilot project tested the feasibility of an evidence-based HIV Intervention Program (HIP) program among 64 male youth, most of whom were African American or Hispanic, in Los Angeles County probation camps. Comparisons were made between adolescents who participated in HIP and a control group on changes in (a) condom use, (b) sexual intercourse under the influence of drugs, (c) knowledge of HIV prevention behaviors, and (d) attitudes toward condom use. Compared to the control group, the intervention group demonstrated significant increases in condom use and significant decreases in their endorsement of the attitude, ‘‘If you want to use a condom, your boy-friend or girlfriend might think you don’t trust them.’’ These preliminary findings suggest that the HIP... Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3099522 Fri, 18 Dec 2009 00:02:42 +0100 3099522 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3099521&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F16%2F1%2F17%3Frss%3D1 Paroled individuals have physical and mental health problems and addiction disorders at rates greater than the general population. The aim of this study was to identify the perceived barriers and facilitators parolees encounter in their efforts to access and utilize health care services in the community. Qualitative data were collected via individual interviews with 17 chronically ill, middle-aged male parolees. Study results included financial and administrative barriers to care; structural facilitators to care; and the influence of clinicians’ professional demeanor on health care access. Increased access to health care can provide opportunities to address both the health care and reintegration needs of individuals on parole. (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3099521 Fri, 18 Dec 2009 00:02:42 +0100 3099521 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3099520&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F16%2F1%2F6%3Frss%3D1 Epidemiological methods and public health theories can be tied to theories of crime and delinquency and used to create evidence-based policy. Interdisciplinary theoretical approaches to existing, and emerging, public health and criminal justice problems hold great promise. Differential association theory postulates that close association with delinquent peers leads to an increase in deviant activities such as illicit drug use. Social cognitive theory postulates that health behavior change is driven by the interaction of (a) cognitive states that support a health outcome, (b) the social and contextual environment, (c) and individual action. Combined, these theories can be applied to drug eradication programs as well as other health and crime issues. Focus groups and interviews were performe... Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3099520 Fri, 18 Dec 2009 00:02:42 +0100 3099520 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3099519&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F16%2F1%2F5%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3099519 Fri, 18 Dec 2009 00:02:41 +0100 3099519 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2841689&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F15%2F4%2F337%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2841689 Sun, 27 Sep 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2841689 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2841688&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F15%2F4%2F335%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2841688 Sun, 27 Sep 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2841688 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2841687&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F15%2F4%2F328%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2841687 Sun, 27 Sep 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2841687 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2841686&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F15%2F4%2F318%3Frss%3D1 Incarceration and obesity rates have both increased in the United States. An implication is that there will be more obese inmates, which likely will raise the prevalence of obesity-related diseases, affecting the cost and performance of correctional health care. Other issues include increased costs of transport, restraint, and housing. There is surprisingly little published information on inmate obesity prevalence. The few published research studies suggest obesity prevalence in prisons reflects that of their region. Cardiovascular-related prisoner deaths appear to be associated with state-level obesity, though other risk factors are likely involved. Weight gain while incarcerated is common, and the prevalence of diabetes is increasing. The data suggest that preventive care is not a priori... Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2841686 Sun, 27 Sep 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2841686 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2841685&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F15%2F4%2F310%3Frss%3D1 We examined jail environmental surfaces to explore whether they might serve as reservoirs of viable methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). We swabbed 132 surfaces, inoculated primary and secondary mannitol salts and oxacillin-resistant screening agar, and used API tests to identify S. aureus and E-tests to determine methicillin/oxacillin resistance. We recovered S. aureus from 10 (7.6%) surfaces; eight (6.1%) isolates were MRSA. We ran pulsed-field gel electrophoresis on six resistant isolates and observed three patterns, one of which was identical to that identified in a previous study of inmates’ nasal specimens. Finding MRSA-contaminated surfaces on a variety of environmental surfaces in the absence of an overt outbreak emphasizes that correctional facilities should h... Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2841685 Sun, 27 Sep 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2841685 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2841684&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F15%2F4%2F302%3Frss%3D1 This article focuses on the mental health of this prisoner population and the training needs of staff caring for them. It reports the experience of a national project, funded by the Department of Health, in which the project team developed and piloted mental health awareness training for prison officers on the residential units and for staff who work with prisoners and lack a mental health background. Key findings from the posttraining evaluation are highlighted. Participant feedback demonstrates the value placed on this type of training by those working in the prison setting. (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2841684 Sun, 27 Sep 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2841684 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2841683&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F15%2F4%2F292%3Frss%3D1 Second-generation or ‘‘atypical’’ antipsychotics can cause metabolic derangements that lead to diabetes and cardiovascular disease. To potentially minimize these adverse effects, the University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey — University Correctional HealthCare (UCHC) and the New Jersey Department of Corrections (NJ DOC) created a metabolic monitoring program that was incorporated into the electronic medical record. This program is used statewide by UCHC psychiatrists working within the NJ DOC. (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2841683 Sun, 27 Sep 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2841683 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2841682&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F15%2F4%2F280%3Frss%3D1 Inmates with gender identity disorders (GID) pose special challenges to policy makers in U.S. prison systems. Transgender persons are likely overrepresented in prisons; a reasonable estimate is that at least 750 transgender prisoners were in custody in 2007. Using the Freedom of Information Act, requests were mailed to each state, the District of Columbia, and the Federal Bureau of Prisons in 2007. The requests were for copies of policies, directives, memos, or other documents concerning placement and health care access of transgender inmates. By April 2008, 46 responses were received; 6 states did not reply. Information was qualitatively analyzed and summarized. There was substantial disparity in transgender health care for inmates with GID or related conditions. Most systems allowed for ... Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2841682 Sun, 27 Sep 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2841682 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2841681&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F15%2F4%2F268%3Frss%3D1 The number of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections in correctional facilities around the country has been increasing. Considering the potential health impact of MRSA, it is important that correctional facilities have prevention and control protocols in place. The study results summarize the prevention and control preparedness activities of county jails in the Greater Dayton area of Ohio. Protocols and control measures were in place for environmental control (95.4%), MRSA screening (88.4%), standard precautions (84.3%), treatment (83.6%), personal hygiene (80.6%), and education (80.4%). Statistical analysis found no significant difference between rural and urban county jails in their handling of MRSA issues. The findings suggest significant compliance with MRSA prev... Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2841681 Sun, 27 Sep 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2841681 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2841680&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F15%2F4%2F251%3Frss%3D1 In this feasibility study, we conducted a meta-analysis of health inequalities, especially around issues of nutrition and exercise, in correctional institutions compared to the community. The project explored the extent to which the inequalities found in the health of people in the community are mirrored by inequalities found in prison. Existing data were examined to assess what light they might shed on existing health inequalities, with emphasis on lifestyle issues that contribute to obesity. The project raised questions about the sources of health inequalities and how they could be reduced. Specifically, the study compared the diet and exercise lifestyles of prisoners versus the community to examine whether they correlate with the frequency of obesity, hypertension, and type 2 diabetes m... Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2841680 Sun, 27 Sep 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2841680 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2841679&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F15%2F4%2F249%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2841679 Sun, 27 Sep 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2841679 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2501089&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F15%2F3%2F241%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2501089 Sun, 21 Jun 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2501089 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2501088&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F15%2F3%2F239%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2501088 Sun, 21 Jun 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2501088 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2501087&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F15%2F3%2F232%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2501087 Sun, 21 Jun 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2501087 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2501086&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F15%2F3%2F227%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2501086 Sun, 21 Jun 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2501086 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2501085&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F15%2F3%2F222%3Frss%3D1 Intended for those who already see the value of standards for correctional health care and the impact accreditation can have on the field, this article is a personal reflection from the perspective of a recently retired director of accreditation for the National Commission on Correctional Health Care. Based on 11 years in that role, the author discusses issues and controversies in the field. Part I addresses the relationships between correctional and community health care, explores the essence and role of standards, and examines aspects of accreditation. Part II addresses Evolution to Revolution, Keys to Continued Progress, and Solving Correctional Health Care Puzzles. (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2501085 Sun, 21 Jun 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2501085 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2501084&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F15%2F3%2F210%3Frss%3D1 This study reports a randomized trial that examines the efficacy of brief negotiation interviewing (BNI) compared to usual education activities. BNI is a computerized, self-directed intervention that combines a short structured interview with a brief counseling session. The study examined whether BNI could decrease HIV risks and increase testing for HIV in a cohort of criminal-justice-involved clients. The trial randomly assigned 212 participants to experimental (108) and control (104) conditions. Interview data were collected at baseline and at 2-month follow-up. Results indicate that the BNI intervention group had a significantly higher rate of HIV testing and was more likely to consider behavioral changes. (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2501084 Sun, 21 Jun 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2501084 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2501083&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F15%2F3%2F197%3Frss%3D1 This study examined sexual risk and substance use behavior and the perceptions of African American female adolescent detainees (N = 765) regarding the influence of alcohol and marijuana use on their social and sexual behaviors. Overall, 58% and 64% reported alcohol and marijuana use, respectively. Alcohol's perceived influence on sexual behavior (p < .001) was significantly different between those who drank and those who did not; marijuana's influence on social (p < .01) and sexual (p < .001) behavior was significantly different between those who used marijuana and those who did not. There is a need for further study of the influence of substance use on social and sexual behavior among African American female adolescent detainees. (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2501083 Sun, 21 Jun 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2501083 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2501082&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F15%2F3%2F190%3Frss%3D1 Approximately 70% of incarcerated people smoke tobacco, and an estimated 12% of all smokers in the United States leave correctional facilities annually. Many facilities prohibit smoking, but no published study has measured the relapse to tobacco after release. In a study of 200 people with chronic health conditions reentering the community from jail, 165 (83%) were cigarette smokers. Of these, 129 were interviewed at 1 and/or 6 months after release. Self-reported sustained abstinence rates were 37.3% at the end of the first day, 17.7% for the first week, 13.7% for 1 month, and 3.1% for 6 months. These abstinence rates are lower than those reported after military basic training and medical hospitalization but similar to rates after inpatient psychiatric and addiction programs. More efforts ... Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2501082 Sun, 21 Jun 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2501082 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2501081&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F15%2F3%2F179%3Frss%3D1 This article is a qualitative exploration of the state of health care services with regard to HIV/AIDS in three correctional facilities in Maharashtra state in India. Case studies of 10 reported cases of HIV-positive inmates were prepared from their narratives obtained through face-to-face in-depth unstructured interviews. The data were analyzed thematically. High-risk behavior among prisoners, inadequate access to health care services for HIV-positive inmates, and lack of HIV/AIDS prevention programs emerged as some of the major areas of concern. Collaboration of the Prison Department with the National Aids Control Programme is a key recommendation. (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2501081 Sun, 21 Jun 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2501081 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2501080&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F15%2F3%2F174%3Frss%3D1 This article reviews our 1-year (2005) experience with skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs) in a medium-sized county jail. As part of a quality assurance process, the authors cultured every SSTI presenting to our institution. The authors found that a full 68% of SSTIs (50 of 74) were MRSA species, and new MRSA cases presented regularly throughout the year. Inmates usually have poor understanding of infectious processes and need constant support and education. Correctional health care providers must approach their antibiotic treatment for today's SSTIs with the knowledge that MRSA is very common. This article reviews treatment options, preventive measures, and institutional hygiene. (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2501080 Sun, 21 Jun 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2501080 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2501079&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F15%2F3%2F173%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2501079 Sun, 21 Jun 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2501079 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2294259&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F15%2F2%2F157%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2294259 Thu, 26 Mar 2009 04:00:00 +0100 2294259 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2294257&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F15%2F2%2F150%3Frss%3D1 Intended for those who already see the value of standards for correctional health care and the impact accreditation can have on the field, this article is a personal reflection from the perspective of a recently retired director of accreditation for the National Commission on Correctional Health Care. Based on 11 years in that role, the author discusses issues and controversies in the field. Part I addresses the relationships between correctional and community health care, explores the essence and role of standards, and examines aspects of accreditation. Part II (to be published in Volume 15, Issue 3) focuses on the current ``revolution'' in correctional health care, keys to continued progress, and how to deal with correctional health care puzzles. (Source: Journal of Correctional Health C... Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2294257 Thu, 26 Mar 2009 04:00:00 +0100 2294257 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2294255&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F15%2F2%2F142%3Frss%3D1 Unknown numbers of incarcerated people are losing public benefits. Instead of suspending these until the prisoner or detainee is released into society, some states are simply terminating benefits upon incarceration. Although there is evidence to suggest that this policy is having negative consequences for those who are reentering society and on their communities and systems of care, the precise impact is not clear because a systematic monitoring of these actions is nonexistent. A more efficient system would (a) suspend benefits and automatically reinstate the same to those eligible upon release and (b) establish a monitoring mechanism that would provide an accurate accounting of how these benefits are being applied. (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2294255 Thu, 26 Mar 2009 04:00:00 +0100 2294255 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2294253&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F15%2F2%2F129%3Frss%3D1 To date, little research has systematically investigated perceptions of mental health professionals regarding motivations for self-injury among prison inmates. To help fill this gap, the authors used descriptive techniques to examine self-injurious behavior among inmates from the perspective of correctional mental health professionals. A quantitative survey assessed perceptions of mental health staff regarding etiology, motivations, and manifestations of self-injury. A qualitative interview component was used to explicate responses from the survey. Inmate cutting, scratching, opening old wounds, and inserting objects were the most commonly witnessed behaviors. Findings suggest that self-injury occurred regularly and that a subset of inmates are responsible for recurrent events. Mental heal... Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2294253 Thu, 26 Mar 2009 04:00:00 +0100 2294253 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2294251&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F15%2F2%2F118%3Frss%3D1 This article describes the collaboration and ongoing goals established between administrative leaders and medical staff in Georgia prison facilities and public health officials. Sessions covered topics such as nonpharmaceutical interventions, health care surge capacity, and prison-community interfaces. Interactive activities and tabletop scenarios were used to promote dynamic learning, and pretests and posttests were administered to evaluate the short-term impact of conference participation. The conference has been followed by subsequent meetings and an ongoing process to guide prisons' preparation for pandemic influenza. (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2294251 Thu, 26 Mar 2009 04:00:00 +0100 2294251 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2294249&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F15%2F2%2F105%3Frss%3D1 Despite high documented HIV prevalence, few jail systems offer universal HIV screening, nor is this always feasible. The authors evaluated undiagnosed HIV infection and HIV risk history by arrest charge among 1,322 new arrestees to examine whether specific charges may help prioritize jail-based screening. Undiagnosed HIV prevalence was 2.7% and 1.0% among males and females, with 32% and 45% reporting recent STD diagnoses or high-risk behaviors for HIV. HIV risk history distinguished HIV-infected males but not females. Males with parole violation, sex, or theft charges had high undiagnosed HIV infection rates relative to other males. A weaker trend was observed for females with parole violation, drug, or violent charges. These charges represented 30% and 66% of males and females studied and... Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2294249 Thu, 26 Mar 2009 04:00:00 +0100 2294249 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2294247&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F15%2F2%2F98%3Frss%3D1 This retrospective study examined prescription medication records for 1 year in a county-funded juvenile detention facility. Findings show that 7% of the detained youths were prescribed psychotherapeutic agents, which accounted for approximately 83% of the annual medication budget. Of the 799 male and 227 female detained youths, 14% of the males and 27% of the females were prescribed medications, with some prescribed as many as 23 different medications during their short-term stay. More than 93% of the total medication costs were accounted for by psychotherapeutic agents, antibiotics, and allergy/asthma medications at an average monthly cost of $46.50 per youth. Male youths who were prescribed medications cost $324 per month; their female counterparts cost $170 per month. (Source: Journal ... Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2294247 Thu, 26 Mar 2009 04:00:00 +0100 2294247 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2294245&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F15%2F2%2F97%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2294245 Thu, 26 Mar 2009 04:00:00 +0100 2294245 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2071900&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F15%2F1%2F78%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2071900 Fri, 02 Jan 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2071900 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2071899&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F15%2F1%2F58%3Frss%3D1 This article presents an analysis of approximately 2,200 physical and 200 sexual victimizations reported by a random sample of 6,964 male inmates. Physical injury occurred in 40% of physical assaults and 70% of sexual assaults between inmates and in 50% of assaults perpetrated by staff. Emotional reactions to assaults were experienced by virtually all victims. Context information is vital in the development and implementation of prevention and therapeutic interventions. (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2071899 Fri, 02 Jan 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2071899 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2071898&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F15%2F1%2F47%3Frss%3D1 This research examined the impact of a structured meditation program intervention on female detainees, comparing an experimental group and a control group for medical symptoms, emotions, and behaviors before and after the intervention. A 2 1/2-hour meditation session was held once a week for 7 weeks. Study participants completed a medical symptoms checklist before the program began and after it ended. At the posttest period, the experimental group experienced fewer sleeping difficulties, less desire to throw things or hit people, and less nail or cuticle biting; were more hopeful about their future; and felt less guilt. Meditation was beneficial for this population and may be a cost-effective tool for inmates and administrators. Meditation effects, especially among inmates, merit further r... Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2071898 Fri, 02 Jan 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2071898 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2071897&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F15%2F1%2F35%3Frss%3D1 This preliminary study examines the correlates of prescription drug abuse in a sample of adolescents in an urban juvenile detention center in Ohio. The study measures risk in 359 incarcerated females (20.1%) and 1,425 males (79.9%) by asking questions related to problems with alcohol, drug use, treatment history, mental and physical health problems, sexual behavior, anger management, physical violence, and family support. The results of the study suggest that incarcerated adolescents may benefit from interventions targeting prescription drug misuse. Female adolescent detainees abuse prescription drugs at a higher level than male adolescent detainees (17% vs. 10%). The correlates of prescription drug abuse are complex and multidimensional and offer opportunities for further study. (Source: ... Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2071897 Fri, 02 Jan 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2071897 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2071896&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F15%2F1%2F28%3Frss%3D1 Public health agencies can use jail as an opportunity to reach populations disproportionately affected by sexually transmitted infections (STI). The emphasis that STI control programs place on screening jail entrants varies considerably. Nine million individuals passed through U.S. jails in 2005, many in counties where STIs are rare. A pilot program of screening for Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Chlamydia trachomatis was implemented at the intake sites for the combined jail and prison system of Rhode Island, a state with a low prevalence of STIs. Prevalence of either gonorrhea or chlamydia among detainees was 4.6%, but in women aged 25 and younger, the rate was 24 times that of similar-aged women statewide. Screening led to treatment for 22 (81%) of the infected inmates and 10 of their partner... Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2071896 Fri, 02 Jan 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2071896 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2071895&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F15%2F1%2F19%3Frss%3D1 This article summarizes the basic legal premises behind such litigations, which involve claims of medical malpractice and/or deliberate indifference. Common causes of omissions and commissions in correctional mental health care practice leading to such litigation are outlined. A few select court decisions are reviewed and, based on the author's experience, risk management strategies and procedures for clinicians and for correctional officers are provided. (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2071895 Fri, 02 Jan 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2071895 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2071894&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F15%2F1%2F5%3Frss%3D1 This article establishes the widespread prevalence of ADHD in the prison system and the critical importance of identifying and treating ADHD as an essential component for any best practice models for preventing crime and reducing recidivism. It also examines the major mechanisms whereby ADHD increases the risk for crime and recidivism. (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2071894 Fri, 02 Jan 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2071894 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2071893&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F15%2F1%2F3%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2071893 Fri, 02 Jan 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2071893 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1831940&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F14%2F4%2F318%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1831940 Fri, 26 Sep 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1831940 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1831939&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F14%2F4%2F311%3Frss%3D1 The correctional system provides an opportunity to improve the functionality and quality of life of inmates who are mentally ill. Patients' ability to tolerate medications influences their adherence to a medication regimen. Rates of nonadherence among bipolar patients are unacceptably high. In an effort to reduce treatment costs, many correctional programs are considering eliminating newer psychotropic medicines on their formularies in favor of cheaper generic medications. We retrospectively identified all patients incarcerated in the Muscogee County Jail who were treated with valproic acid, Depakote DR, or the recently available extended release form of divalproic sodium, Depakote ER. The purpose was to discover if patient compliance improved when switched from valproic acid or Depakote D... Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1831939 Fri, 26 Sep 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1831939 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1831938&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F14%2F4%2F299%3Frss%3D1 The growth of the prison system in recent years and its need for continuous operations have required correctional officers to adjust to night and shift work, which creates special demands on their health and performance. Working when he or she would otherwise be asleep, the officer's biological clock can produce physiological, psychological, and behavioral changes that compromise attention, reaction time, risk taking, and efficiency, and that promote errors. By understanding the changes that shift work introduces, administrators, officers, and their families can be better prepared to cope with shift stress. Organizational, home, and personal shift-adjustment procedures are described and recommended. (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1831938 Fri, 26 Sep 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1831938 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1831937&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F14%2F4%2F290%3Frss%3D1 To improve knowledge of and encourage testing for HIV, hepatitis, and sexually transmitted diseases among inmates, Albany Medical College and the New York State Department of Corrections developed a peer-led videotape and comic-book-style pamphlet. Inmates assigned to an intervention group viewed the videotape and pamphlet and completed pre- and posttest questionnaires; a control group did not. Both groups completed a risk assessment and testing request form. Analysis sought to detect testing request differences between groups and changes in disease knowledge among intervention group participants. Although more intervention participants requested testing, the differences were not statistically significant. After viewing the videotape, significantly more inmates agreed that communicable dis... Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1831937 Fri, 26 Sep 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1831937 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1831936&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F14%2F4%2F278%3Frss%3D1 Correctional health offers unparalleled opportunities for primary care research on clinical outcomes for a unique population and setting that provide rich experiences for health professions education, training, and practice. Because all correctional facilities are part of a larger community and 95% of inmates will eventually be released back to their communities, inmate health and well-being have a direct impact on the larger community. Collaborations between academic and correctional medicine can significantly affect the public's health by providing care to one of its most vulnerable populations, one with significant pathology and health disparities. (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1831936 Fri, 26 Sep 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1831936 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1831935&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F14%2F4%2F269%3Frss%3D1 In March 2007, a national work group met to review the state of mental health research in correctional settings. Participants identified gaps in current knowledge and topics most in need of further research. The discussion of important subjects for further investigation focused on five broad, and often overlapping, content areas: epidemiology, research methodology, functional behaviors, efficacy of interventions, and safety. Barriers to conducting correctional research that the group identified included funding difficulties, resistance from stakeholders, restricted access to subjects, limited information technology, ethical concerns, and institutional review board (IRB) requirements. Potential strategies for overcoming these barriers, such as setting appropriate priorities, easing the burd... Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1831935 Fri, 26 Sep 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1831935 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1831934&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F14%2F4%2F263%3Frss%3D1 This article summarizes the focused discussion on infectious diseases. Results of this workshop suggested that research is needed on testing procedures (HIV and HCV), sexual behavior and risks during incarceration, the use of existing clinical data (secondary analyses), and evaluation of corrections-specific education materials on HIV and HCV. Finally, a forum for correctional health researchers to share study findings and to develop multisite research relationships is urgently needed. (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1831934 Fri, 26 Sep 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1831934 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1831933&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F14%2F4%2F260%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1831933 Fri, 26 Sep 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1831933 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1831932&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F14%2F4%2F258%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1831932 Fri, 26 Sep 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1831932 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1785182&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F14%2F3%2F236%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1785182 Thu, 11 Sep 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1785182 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1785181&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F14%2F3%2F232%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1785181 Thu, 11 Sep 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1785181 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1785180&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F14%2F3%2F222%3Frss%3D1 This study evaluated a therapeutic program for mentally ill adult male inmates in segregation on the mental health unit of the Broward County (Florida) Jail. Archival records of all admissions to the Transitional Unit over a 11/2-year period were examined to determine whether the program met three goals: (a) increased inmate socialization and engagement, (b) reduction in psychological symptomology, and (c) movement to a less restrictive environment. Significant differences were discovered between inmates who received fewer negative incident reports, complied with medication, and attended group, and those who were able to transfer to less restrictive housing. Furthermore, inmates in the study demonstrated a reduction in the intensity of symptomology over time. Findings suggest that the prog... Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1785180 Thu, 11 Sep 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1785180 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1785179&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F14%2F3%2F209%3Frss%3D1 The author performed systematic analysis of health records referred to him for an opinion on the quality of medical care delivered to 67 jail or prison inmates who litigated, to ascertain why litigation had occurred. Three categories are described. In category A, the plaintiff was an inmate with injuries hard to define in physical terms or that occurred after release. In category B, the inmate had injuries or sequelae that would be readily visible by a juror. In category C, the inmate died in custody; these deaths occurred for a variety of reasons. Similarities and patterns were found for all three categories. Simple risk management suggestions to prevent litigation and improve correctional health care delivery are provided. (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1785179 Thu, 11 Sep 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1785179 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1785178&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F14%2F3%2F202%3Frss%3D1 This article discusses the growth of prison populations and the characteristic of aging and elderly prisoners. The health status and health care of older inmates are addressed, followed by an overview of approaches being implemented in caring for the aging prison population nationwide. (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1785178 Thu, 11 Sep 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1785178 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1785177&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F14%2F3%2F197%3Frss%3D1 Telemedicine was used to provide diabetes consultations to improve glycemic control for individuals incarcerated in 12 institutions in the New York State penal system. A total of 108 televisits were conducted from January 1, 2004 to February 28, 2007, with 43 males with multiple medical comorbidities and difficult-to-control type 1 (35%) or type 2 (65%) diabetes. Most (86%) required insulin therapy. It was found that the number of individuals with poorest glycemic control (hemoglobin A1c >9%) was reduced by approximately 40%, and 29% of the patients were able to achieve a hemoglobin A1c <7%. The greatest improvements in glycemic control were observed in those with frequent televisits over a longer duration of follow-up. This suggests that telemedicine is a feasible approach for improvin... Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1785177 Thu, 11 Sep 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1785177 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1785176&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F14%2F3%2F183%3Frss%3D1 This article describes both interventions: the single-session intervention and the enhanced intervention. The single-session intervention focused on HIV/STD/hepatitis prevention only. The enhanced intervention consisted of two prerelease and four postrelease sessions that focused on HIV/STD/hepatitis prevention and more broadly on health and reintegration into the community. Specific procedures used to implement the interventions in correctional settings are described. Process data describing intervention attendance and fidelity to the intervention protocols are presented. Implications for future intervention studies are discussed. (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1785176 Thu, 11 Sep 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1785176 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1785175&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F14%2F3%2F168%3Frss%3D1 A focus on the quality of health care is becoming increasingly relevant to all health care providers and administrators, including those in the corrections setting. The article provides practical steps that can be taken to improve quality and offers a synopsis of commonly used quality improvement tools. A number of quality improvement strategies derived from the medical field are mentioned briefly. Quality management requires the participation of everyone in the organization and is greatly facilitated by working in teams. Quality improvement requires organizational and individual change. The effective management of both of these issues is crucial for success and is briefly discussed. The article concludes with discussion of potential barriers to quality improvement attempts. (Source: Journ... Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1785175 Thu, 11 Sep 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1785175 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1785174&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F14%2F3%2F166%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1785174 Thu, 11 Sep 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1785174 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1333668&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F14%2F2%2F141%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1333668 Fri, 28 Mar 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1333668 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1333667&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F14%2F2%2F139%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1333667 Fri, 28 Mar 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1333667 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1333666&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F14%2F2%2F136%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1333666 Fri, 28 Mar 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1333666 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1333665&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F14%2F2%2F122%3Frss%3D1 This article describes a multidisciplinary, multiagency approach to improve access to mental health services in individuals incarcerated within the New York State Department of Correctional Services (DOCS). An interagency work group convened focus groups with staff to assess needs and created a brief screening tool for serious mental illnesses. The NYS Brief Screening Tool (NYS BST) was pilot tested at two DOCS maximum security facilities. Results indicate that the NYS BST is easily administered by staff and well tolerated by inmates. Preliminary measures of sensitivity were within acceptable limits. The routine use of the NYS BST during intake at DOCS reception centers is under discussion. It also will be considered for use throughout the system whenever an inmate needs to be screened for... Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1333665 Fri, 28 Mar 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1333665 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1333664&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F14%2F2%2F109%3Frss%3D1 This article reviews the current research on cognitive behavioral techniques for the treatment of sex offenders and provides guidelines for treatment providers. (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1333664 Fri, 28 Mar 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1333664 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1333663&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F14%2F2%2F99%3Frss%3D1 Screening and treatment for Chlamydia trachomatis in the incarcerated population is important and challenging. The goal of this study was threefold: (a) investigate the usefulness of screening asymptomatic juveniles; (b) examine the feasibility of completing treatment in high turnover juvenile correction facilities; and (c) assess the strengths and weaknesses of the current screening and treatment program in a juvenile detention center relative to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention guidelines. In a retrospective chart review of 508 subjects, the researchers analyzed the screening of juvenile inmates and treatment of those who tested positive for C. trachomatis. The study showed that 20.8% of females and 8.9% of males tested positive for C. trachomatis during screening in 2005. ... Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1333663 Fri, 28 Mar 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1333663 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1333662&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F14%2F2%2F89%3Frss%3D1 Chlamydia trachomatis is the most prevalent sexually transmitted bacterial infection among adolescents in the United States. Chlamydia infections that go untreated may cause complications such as pelvic inflammatory disease, ectopic pregnancy, epididymitis, and infertility. Screening has become easier and more cost-effective with the development of nucleic acid amplification tests. Two common treatments for chlamydia infections are a single dose of azithromycin and a 7-day course of doxycycline. Although the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has published guidelines regarding screening for and treating chlamydia, only a small percentage of correctional health care facilities adhere to them. Correctional facilities have the opportunity to prevent transmission of chlamydia within a ... Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1333662 Fri, 28 Mar 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1333662 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1333661&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F14%2F2%2F80%3Frss%3D1 The authors examined the prevalence of sexual violence, high-risk sexual behaviors, substance abuse, history of sexually transmitted disease (STD), and participation in risk-reduction interventions among incarcerated women attending a prison-based STD clinic. Trained interviewers administered a questionnaire to 214 participants. Analysis revealed that history of sexual violence was common; first experience was usually at a young age (almost half at or younger than 10 years old). History of sexual violence was associated with having 10 or more sexual partners in the year before incarceration and during their lifetime, first pregnancy by age 16, trading sex for drugs, trading sex for money, any drug use, and history of diagnosed STD. Sexual violence, particularly childhood sexual abuse, may ... Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1333661 Fri, 28 Mar 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1333661 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1333660&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F14%2F2%2F79%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1333660 Fri, 28 Mar 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1333660 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1093770&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F14%2F1%2F63%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1093770 Thu, 13 Dec 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1093770 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1093769&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F14%2F1%2F48%3Frss%3D1 Motivational interviewing (MI) is a client-centered approach to behavior change. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of a 10-week intervention, using MI procedures, on selected measures of fitness, blood lipids (reflecting changes in exercise and dietary habits), and exercise adherence among 67 police officers—54 men and 13 women—in the southeastern United States. Multivariate analyses indicated significantly improved physical fitness and lipid profile scores between pre- and postintervention (p < .001). Adherence to the fitness regimen averaged 80% for cardiovascular activity and 75% for strength training. MI techniques appeared to markedly encourage selected changes in health behaviors (e.g., exercise, eating habits) among the police officers. The relativel... Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1093769 Thu, 13 Dec 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1093769 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1093768&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F14%2F1%2F39%3Frss%3D1 An outbreak investigation was conducted in a Tennessee prison to determine the extent of Mycobacterium tuberculosis transmission and prevent additional tuberculosis (TB) cases. Inmates, staff, visitors, and community contacts were screened. TB disease was diagnosed for eight inmates, including one after release and three people in the community, including two young children. In addition, 59 contacts (47 inmates, 4 staff members, and 8 additional persons in the community) were newly diagnosed with latent TB infection (LTBI). Failure to recognize TB symptoms, delays in TB diagnosis, inconsistent LTBI treatment, and prolonged congregation of inmates with infectious TB propagated this outbreak. Prison incarceration provides an important opportunity to diagnose and treat LTBI and thus prevent T... Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1093768 Thu, 13 Dec 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1093768 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1093767&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F14%2F1%2F36%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1093767 Thu, 13 Dec 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1093767 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1093766&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F14%2F1%2F31%3Frss%3D1 Raising access to health care for incarcerated people to a constitutional right radically changed correctional health care. It also established a constantly changing standard of required care because the right is based on evolving standards of health care in the general community. A prison system must continually monitor new health care possibilities and attempt to determine what is required. Correctional health care must consider access, quality, and cost together as part of a system; this may be easier to do in a clearly defined setting such as corrections than in the community. Estelle also taught incarcerated people that lawsuits can be used to improve care and to attempt to force the prison system to provide the care they want. (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1093766 Thu, 13 Dec 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1093766 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1093765&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F14%2F1%2F21%3Frss%3D1 This article addresses the practical, ethical, and legal issues in understanding the recent emphasis on planning for an inmate's release back to the community. Specific court cases and laws are discussed to highlight which inmate health and behavioral needs presently require comprehensive discharge planning and what can be expected in the future. (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1093765 Thu, 13 Dec 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1093765 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1093764&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F14%2F1%2F11%3Frss%3D1 This article explores the historical antecedents of this protection and its present application to modern correctional health care delivery. Focusing on the three basic rights guaranteed by Estelle—the right to access to care, the right to care that is ordered, and the right to a professional medical judgment—the article traces the development of case law in the hundreds of lawsuits that have influenced correctional health care over these years. The article also addresses the "state of mind" component of constitutional liability, the requirement of "serious medical needs" as a predicate to suit, and the impact of privatization on correctional health care delivery. Finally, the article describes the impact of litigation on the promulgation of standards for correctional health ca... Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1093764 Thu, 13 Dec 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1093764 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1093763&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F14%2F1%2F9%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1093763 Thu, 13 Dec 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1093763 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1093762&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F14%2F1%2F7%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1093762 Thu, 13 Dec 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1093762 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1093761&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F14%2F1%2F4%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1093761 Thu, 13 Dec 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1093761 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1093760&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F14%2F1%2F3%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1093760 Thu, 13 Dec 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1093760 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=857473&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F13%2F4%2F313%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=857473 Mon, 10 Sep 2007 04:00:00 +0100 857473 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=857472&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F13%2F4%2F309%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=857472 Mon, 10 Sep 2007 04:00:00 +0100 857472 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=857471&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F13%2F4%2F296%3Frss%3D1 This report describes the implementation of a comprehensive wellness intervention in a corrections-based substance abuse program. The wellness program was modeled after successful work site wellness initiatives. The PRECEDE-PROCEED (Predisposing, Reinforcing, and Enabling Constructs in Educational/Environmental Diagnosis and Evaluation—Policy, Regulatory, and Organizational Constructs in Educational and Environmental Development) planning model and the Community-Based Participatory Research model were used to facilitate a participative process engaging both corrections administrators and residents of the therapeutic community. A community representative wellness committee developed and implemented an evidence-based strategic plan with short- and long-term goals supported by numerous ... Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=857471 Mon, 10 Sep 2007 04:00:00 +0100 857471 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=857470&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F13%2F4%2F289%3Frss%3D1 This study assessed nasal carriage rate and strainrelatedness of MRSA among recently booked inmates. Of 403 inmates, 115 (28.5%) carried S. aureus; 18 were MRSA-positive (4.5%). Pulsed field gel electrophoresis identified 10 MRSA strains. Previous health care exposures and history of skin infection were more strongly associated with carriage risk than previous correctional facility exposure, although none of these exposures was statistically significant after adjustment. Our data suggest that MRSA is endemic in persons coming into correctional facilities. Correctional health care workers should be prepared to treat MRSA infections that arise from exposures before incarceration. (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=857470 Mon, 10 Sep 2007 04:00:00 +0100 857470 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=857469&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F13%2F4%2F278%3Frss%3D1 This study, which encompasses 1,280 facilities and 1,427,279 inmates, examines the prevalence of HIV peer programs in U.S. prisons. The findings indicate that only 18 states, just 20% of U.S. prisons, have an HIV prison-based peer program. Despite the success of these programs, most facilities are not using them for educational or rehabilitative purposes. (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=857469 Mon, 10 Sep 2007 04:00:00 +0100 857469 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=857468&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F13%2F4%2F268%3Frss%3D1 This study documents rates of youth referred for adjudication to a state juvenile justice system who have coexisting—and often unidentified—mental illnesses. The project examined records for 1,411 youth who were admitted over a 1-year period. All were screened with an instrument that allowed multidimensional appraisal along relevant mental health concerns. Approximately 70% of the youth exhibited a caution or warning in one or more (out of six) categories of mental health concern. These incidents were cross-referenced with categories of offense as well as incidents of using psychotropic medication. Sex, age, and ethnic heritage were also tracked. Results for each category show wide differences. Statistically, variances among the variables were analyzed by traditional general li... Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=857468 Mon, 10 Sep 2007 04:00:00 +0100 857468 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=857467&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F13%2F4%2F257%3Frss%3D1 The authors investigated empathy and compassion among physicians who work in correctional settings. A questionnaire was sent to two groups: correctional and noncorrectional physicians. Correctional physicians reported gratification in helping patients and responded similarly to noncorrectional physicians on empathy items. They also showed greater interest in their patients' conditions. But physicians who worked exclusively in corrections reported lower scores on items that assessed specific components of empathy, particularly emotional resonance and intrinsic curiosity about the patient as an individual. Thus, correctional physicians display empathy and compassion just as noncorrectional physicians do; yet differences may exist. Correctional physicians may not be as emotionally attuned to ... Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=857467 Mon, 10 Sep 2007 04:00:00 +0100 857467 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=857466&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F13%2F4%2F252%3Frss%3D1 This study failed to find a relationship between cognition, impulsivity, and program violations. The study did, however, find a significant relationship between age and program violations. These findings suggest that being younger is a risk factor for program violations within the substance abuse treatment program. (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=857466 Mon, 10 Sep 2007 04:00:00 +0100 857466 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=857465&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F13%2F4%2F248%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=857465 Mon, 10 Sep 2007 04:00:00 +0100 857465 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=857464&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F13%2F4%2F247%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=857464 Mon, 10 Sep 2007 04:00:00 +0100 857464 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=697591&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F13%2F3%2F224%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=697591 Tue, 26 Jun 2007 04:00:00 +0100 697591 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=697590&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F13%2F3%2F216%3Frss%3D1 This article presents a classic case of an inmate presenting with GAS pharyngitis and the interventions employees of correctional facilities can practice. (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=697590 Tue, 26 Jun 2007 04:00:00 +0100 697590 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=697589&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F13%2F3%2F206%3Frss%3D1 This study describes reasons for postrelease behavior in a cohort of participants from a randomized trial. We interviewed 230 participants after the primary trial endpoint (visit to the tuberculosis [TB] clinic within 30 days of release) had occurred. Those participants who, in jail, thought they would have social support for continuing therapy but after jail indicated they did not have such support were half as likely to have gone to the TB clinic (odds ratio 0.5, 95% confidence interval 0.2 to 0.9), controlling for drug/alcohol problems and factors significant in the original randomized trial (study group and recent immigrant status). The disruption of incarceration alters postrelease life, and inmates who find social support has changed after release may be nonadherent. Information gath... Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=697589 Tue, 26 Jun 2007 04:00:00 +0100 697589 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=697588&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F13%2F3%2F196%3Frss%3D1 Nurses who work in a jail environment face particular challenges and issues that are part of the broader field of correctional health care. This research addresses the perceptions of nurses in the jail environment and how social processing affects the delivery of care. Prior experience and sources of primary socialization may also play a factor in the shaping of perceptions. The data indicate that a typology of correctional nursing styles can be constructed. Future research would benefit from the collection of quantitative, inferential data to compare with the current findings. (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=697588 Tue, 26 Jun 2007 04:00:00 +0100 697588 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=697587&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F13%2F3%2F180%3Frss%3D1 In this clinical performance review, the chart audit is introduced in a county jail as a tool to educate about and enforce standard of care management of detainees with chronic diseases including diabetes, asthma, and hypertension. As background, an overview of medical services at the Somerset County Jail is provided, and problems for management of chronic disease attendant to the specific population and high turnover of this jail are described. The rationale for use of an audit tool is presented, and the introduction of a chart audit at the Somerset County Jail with oversight by the medical director is described in detail. Challenges to implementation of this strategy as well as the beneficial outcomes of the chart audit tool, particularly in reducing variability and improving standardiza... Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=697587 Tue, 26 Jun 2007 04:00:00 +0100 697587 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=697586&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F13%2F3%2F170%3Frss%3D1 We examine the association between recent crack smoking, gender, and self-reported respiratory illness among 360 drug-addicted jail detainees. A standardized questionnaire measured medical status and self-reported drug use. Logistic regression assessed the association of crack cocaine use (never, former, or recent use) with respiratory illness. After adjusting for demographics, other illnesses, other drug use, homelessness, and other characteristics, detainees who ceased smoking crack more than 1 year ago were less likely to report respiratory illness (adjusted odds ratio = .418). Women remained twice as likely as men to report respiratory illness after adjustment for crack use. We conclude that improvement in respiratory health status can be observed with cessation of crack cocaine use, e... Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=697586 Tue, 26 Jun 2007 04:00:00 +0100 697586 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=697585&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F13%2F3%2F163%3Frss%3D1 Correctional health care as a predominantly nurse-driven system is examined, and the correctional nurse role, responsibilities, and skills are summarized. The author describes a transformational health care model intended to improve correctional health care through emphasis on provider health promotion and patient self-responsibility. This transformational model serves as the conceptual framework for a new educational program in advanced practice correctional nursing offered at the University of Colorado—Colorado Springs. This program is also grounded in the work of the Violence Intervention and Prevention Center at the University of Colorado—Colorado Springs Beth-El College of Nursing and Health Sciences. (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=697585 Tue, 26 Jun 2007 04:00:00 +0100 697585 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=697584&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F13%2F3%2F150%3Frss%3D1 This article reviews the causes of the growth in the older male inmate population and then applies tools from gerontology to provide a perspective for evaluating current or prospective correctional system responses and programs, and to raise issues and suggest policies that might benefit older inmates as well as correctional systems. (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=697584 Tue, 26 Jun 2007 04:00:00 +0100 697584 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=697583&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F13%2F3%2F148%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=697583 Tue, 26 Jun 2007 04:00:00 +0100 697583 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=697582&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F13%2F3%2F147%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=697582 Tue, 26 Jun 2007 04:00:00 +0100 697582 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=603515&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F13%2F2%2F135%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=603515 Tue, 01 May 2007 04:00:00 +0100 603515 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=603514&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F13%2F2%2F129%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=603514 Tue, 01 May 2007 04:00:00 +0100 603514 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=603513&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F13%2F2%2F93%3Frss%3D1 This report highlights the critical issues that must be considered in implementing the demonstrations. (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=603513 Tue, 01 May 2007 04:00:00 +0100 603513 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=603512&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F13%2F2%2F80%3Frss%3D1 The social, economic, and health consequences of incarceration can no longer be ignored. The disparities experienced by individuals in U.S. jails and prisons reflect the human and social consequences of political policies and cultural biases. More punitive sentencing policies have had a direct impact on ethnic and minority communities. Increasing rates of incarceration and the disproportionate impact on African Americans have resulted in the destruction of entire families and urban communities and increasing health disparities. Rather than mirroring the general population, the proportion of people of color in U.S. prisons and jails reflects the prevailing economic, health, and educational disparities. Rates of communicable and chronic disease during incarceration and upon release demonstra... Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=603512 Tue, 01 May 2007 04:00:00 +0100 603512 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=603511&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F13%2F2%2F79%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=603511 Tue, 01 May 2007 04:00:00 +0100 603511 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=419898&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F13%2F1%2F62%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=419898 Wed, 14 Feb 2007 07:00:00 +0100 419898 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=419897&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F13%2F1%2F56%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=419897 Wed, 14 Feb 2007 07:00:00 +0100 419897 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=419895&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F13%2F1%2F47%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=419895 Wed, 14 Feb 2007 07:00:00 +0100 419895 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=419894&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F13%2F1%2F45%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=419894 Wed, 14 Feb 2007 07:00:00 +0100 419894 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=419892&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F13%2F1%2F39%3Frss%3D1 This study shows that a large percentage of youth entering a long-term juvenile facility are neither overweight nor at risk for being overweight based on national standards. Thus, weight control/management initiatives implemented at juvenile correctional facilities should be individualized to meet the needs of each youth. (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=419892 Wed, 14 Feb 2007 07:00:00 +0100 419892 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=419890&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F13%2F1%2F27%3Frss%3D1 Event-level analyses present data on sexual and drug-related behaviors of men, ages 18 to 29 years, in the first week after release from prison. A calendar-based recall assessment reports type of sexual event, type of partner, condom use, and co-occurrence of sex and alcohol/drug use. The authors compare men who initiated sex on the first day postrelease to those who initiated sex on subsequent days. Results indicate a significant amount of sexual behavior occurring on Day 1 and that Day 1 initiators accumulated significantly more sexual events. Men were more likely to use condoms for their first sexual event but not thereafter. Data indicate a need for targeted and individualized prevention programming before release from prison. (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=419890 Wed, 14 Feb 2007 07:00:00 +0100 419890 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=419888&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F13%2F1%2F22%3Frss%3D1 This article describes Pap smear results and follow-up evaluations among women in a combined jail and prison system. Medical records of 785 women incarcerated between 1999 and 2004 were reviewed. Charts with abnormal Pap smear results (195) were reviewed for cervical cancer risk factors and colposcopy results. Women with ASCUS (atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance) Pap smears were less likely to have had a colposcopy than other women, but biopsy results often demonstrated significant pathology. Longer length of incarceration post–Pap smear was associated with undergoing colposcopy. Providing Pap smears and colposcopy to this population of women is vital in the prevention of cervical cancer. (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=419888 Wed, 14 Feb 2007 07:00:00 +0100 419888 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=419887&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F13%2F1%2F8%3Frss%3D1 The prison population is replete with drug abusers. though many incarcerated drug abusers have participated in drug abuse treatment, it is unclear how drug abusers with previous treatment differ from those who have not received treatment. The current study profiles these two groups of incarcerated drug abusers on their health, drug use, and criminal activity. There were few differences between those who had received treatment and those who did not receive treatment. A logistic regression analysis found that dental problems, cocaine use, opioid use, and conviction for drug use crimes were most indicative of previous drug abuse treatment. Implications for treatment planning are discussed. (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=419887 Wed, 14 Feb 2007 07:00:00 +0100 419887 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=419886&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F13%2F1%2F7%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=419886 Wed, 14 Feb 2007 07:00:00 +0100 419886 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=313217&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F12%2F4%2F304%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=313217 Fri, 08 Dec 2006 07:00:00 +0100 313217 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=313216&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F12%2F4%2F303%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=313216 Fri, 08 Dec 2006 07:00:00 +0100 313216 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=313215&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F12%2F4%2F296%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=313215 Fri, 08 Dec 2006 07:00:00 +0100 313215 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=313214&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F12%2F4%2F288%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=313214 Fri, 08 Dec 2006 07:00:00 +0100 313214 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=313213&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F12%2F4%2F279%3Frss%3D1 Incarcerated adolescents report greater sexual risk than do nonincarcerated peers. High-risk sexual behavior is associated with substance use. To determine how much sexual risk is combined with substance use, 167 incarcerated adolescents reported on their sexual risk behavior in the year before incarceration that involved alcohol or marijuana. For each risk behavior, marijuana use was more likely than was alcohol use. Marijuana use was more common for higher risk behaviors than for lower risk behaviors. Periods of incarceration provide opportunities for intervening on HIV-relevant risk behaviors among adolescents. The context of substance use within high-risk sexual situations ought to be a focus of interventions for incarcerated adolescents. (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=313213 Fri, 08 Dec 2006 07:00:00 +0100 313213 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=313212&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F12%2F4%2F269%3Frss%3D1 The fastest-growing prison subgroup is men age 50 years and older, of whom 85% have multiple chronic health conditions. This pilot study examined relationships between health status, self-efficacy beliefs, and behaviors through a convenience sample survey of 51 older male prisoners. Inmates with greater self-efficacy (i.e., confidence) in their health self-management abilities were significantly more likely to rate their health as better, engage in more health-promoting behaviors, and report more improved health since incarceration. Findings, which support Bandura’s social cognitive theory, highlight the need to develop educational interventions aimed at enhancing older male inmates’ health knowledge and self-efficacy for health management to promote greater participation in he... Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=313212 Fri, 08 Dec 2006 07:00:00 +0100 313212 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=313211&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F12%2F4%2F262%3Frss%3D1 This article describes the mentally ill inmate population aged 50 years and older at the Utah State Prison and addresses related financial and policy issues. Prevalence of serious mental illness was 13.6% versus 15.5% among younger inmates. Of the older mentally ill inmates, 57% had a primary diagnosis of depression, 25% schizophrenia, and 18% bipolar disorder. Schizophrenia spectrum disorders were seen in 3% of the older population, exceeding the incidence in seniors in the community. The rate of atypical antipsychotic medication use in older mentally ill inmates was 33% versus 23% for younger inmates. The majority of older mentally ill inmates required sheltered or specialized mental health housing. These findings suggest future challenges to prison administrators as Utah’s aging i... Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=313211 Fri, 08 Dec 2006 07:00:00 +0100 313211 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=313210&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F12%2F4%2F249%3Frss%3D1 The objective of this study was to obtain information to guide prevention, detection, and treatment of viral hepatitis in a county jail population. Hepatitis A, B, and C serology and alanine aminotransferase levels (ALT) were combined with health information for 463 persons tested at intake in 1999. Prevalence of hepatitis A antibodies was 21.6%. Overall hepatitis B seroprevalence was 26.1%, 17.9% for past or present disease. Serological evidence of hepatitis B vaccination was found in 40% of inmates younger than 20 years but in only 3.9% of those 20 years and older. Prevalence of hepatitis C antibody was 20.7%. Of those, 86.5% were unaware of their diagnosis and 58% used alcohol. Multivariate predictors of hepatitis were sharing needles, elevated ALT, and a history of hepatitis. Hepatitis... Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=313210 Fri, 08 Dec 2006 07:00:00 +0100 313210 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=313209&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F12%2F4%2F240%3Frss%3D1 This study revealed a high prevalence of smoking, with 69% of the sample reporting current smoking. Inmates who smoked or smoked along with using other tobacco products had the worst dental outcomes. The high rate of tobacco use and oral disease is consistent with previous findings among incarcerated samples and suggests the need for smoking cessation programs. (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=313209 Fri, 08 Dec 2006 07:00:00 +0100 313209 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=313208&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F12%2F4%2F239%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=313208 Fri, 08 Dec 2006 07:00:00 +0100 313208 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=182619&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F12%2F3%2F222%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=182619 Fri, 08 Sep 2006 06:00:00 +0100 182619 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=182618&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F12%2F3%2F214%3Frss%3D1 The study objective was to examine the cost-effectiveness and cost savings of a telemedicine program in four adolescent detention facilities in Tennessee. The facilities, in rural communities with limited access to specialty health care resources, implemented a telemedicine and referral program that obtained care from an academic medical center. The study measured costs for specialty outpatient, emergency department, and inpatient visits, and for transportation and security required to obtaining health care. Comparison of costs for the year before and after implementation found telemedicine to be associated with significant increases in overall costs per encounter, 34.58%; outpatient costs, 53.76%; inpatient costs, 22.08%; and emergency room costs, 149.71%. There was a negative relationshi... Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=182618 Fri, 08 Sep 2006 06:00:00 +0100 182618 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=182617&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F12%2F3%2F203%3Frss%3D1 This article describes factors associated with HIV testing and counseling in prisons with different policies for HIV testing (voluntary, during medical evaluation; voluntary, during peer-led class; mandatory) and counseling (all counseled, or pretest counseling not required and posttest for positive only). Prisoner testing rates were 46% "voluntary, peer-led", 78% "mandatory", and 86% "voluntary, medical." Less than 50% received any counseling. Results suggest the potential value of coordinating HIV and STD/hepatitis services across all policies. Risk behaviors or demographic factors were only associated with one testing or one counseling policy. Prisons can achieve high rates of HIV testing by routinely offering voluntary HIV testing during the medical intake process, and this may result ... Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=182617 Fri, 08 Sep 2006 06:00:00 +0100 182617 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=182616&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F12%2F3%2F189%3Frss%3D1 This study sought to measure the value of a mental health clinician (MHC) model of assessment and care in the San Diego County jail system. It describes implementation of the model, by which inmates requesting psychiatric care are screened for possible referral to an MHC clinic. Patients who meet certain criteria receive initial evaluation by an MHC rather than direct referral to a psychiatrist. If the clinician determines that further psychiatric evaluation and treatment are not required, holistic treatment is used to address problems such as sleep disturbance, anxiety, depression, and drug withdrawal. Analysis of clinical use and referral data found several positive outcomes. The model identified patients who do not need to see a psychiatrist and can be treated with holistic approaches. ... Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=182616 Fri, 08 Sep 2006 06:00:00 +0100 182616 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=182615&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F12%2F3%2F181%3Frss%3D1 Outbreaks of infections caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) have been reported in incarcerated populations nationwide. The authors compared MRSA infection rates before and after the implementation of a standardized treatment guideline in the San Diego County jail system. This guideline included mandatory culturing, personal and environmental hygiene measures, standardized antibiotic treatments based on sensitivity patterns, and close surveillance of cases. The guideline reduced the proportion of soft tissue infections caused by MRSA (90.3% to 57.8%) and decreased the proportion of inmates diagnosed with MRSA after 10 days in custody. Documented resolution of the infection improved from 30.7% to 68.7% of cases. The average number of different antibiotic regimens per... Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=182615 Fri, 08 Sep 2006 06:00:00 +0100 182615 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=182614&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F12%2F3%2F175%3Frss%3D1 This study measured changes in body mass index (BMI) of male youths upon admission and 3 months after admission to a long-term juvenile correctional facility and identified potential causes of obesity in this population. Health records for 159 youths admitted during an 18-month period were used to calculate the BMI for each. The annual dietary assessment, standard meal plans, and physical activity requirements also were reviewed. Upon admission, 12% of the youths were obese (BMI greater than 95th percentile for age and sex) and 26% were overweight (BMI between 85th and 95th percentiles). After 3 months, 66% were obese or overweight. Among the 23% of youths taking psychotropic medications, the percentage classified as obese or overweight rose from 59% to 78%. Factors contributing to overwei... Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=182614 Fri, 08 Sep 2006 06:00:00 +0100 182614 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=182613&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F12%2F3%2F164%3Frss%3D1 This study investigates the relationship of cigarette smoking to dental caries among female inmates of a federal correctional institution. Two-hundred inmates (age range 19-62) entering the institution were given an oral examination and a self-administered questionnaire. A high percentage, 64%, of inmates were current or former smokers. In the bivariate analyses, tobacco use, as measured by the number of pack-years smoked, was significantly correlated with a higher DMFT (decayed, missing, and filled teeth) index (r = .46, p < .0001). The difference in mean DMFT scores for current smokers and nonsmokers, 12.1 (SD = 7.0) and 10.1 (SD = 7.4), respectively, was significant (p = .02). In the multiple regression analysis, sociodemographic and sociobehavioral risk indicators (age, country of b... Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=182613 Fri, 08 Sep 2006 06:00:00 +0100 182613 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=182612&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F12%2F3%2F163%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=182612 Fri, 08 Sep 2006 06:00:00 +0100 182612 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=129315&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F12%2F2%2F153%3Frss%3D1 (No abstract is available for this citation) (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=129315 Sat, 01 Apr 2006 07:00:00 +0100 129315 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=129314&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F12%2F2%2F145%3Frss%3D1 (No abstract is available for this citation) (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=129314 Sat, 01 Apr 2006 07:00:00 +0100 129314 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=129313&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F12%2F2%2F71%3Frss%3D1 (No abstract is available for this citation) (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=129313 Sat, 01 Apr 2006 07:00:00 +0100 129313 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=54443&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F12%2F2%2F132%3Frss%3D1 The purpose of this research is to estimate the prevalence of two high-risk behaviors (anal sex and injection drug use) in prison inmates and to identify the predictors of HIV-related risk behaviors during incarceration. Data come from a 1998 cross-sectional quantitative study at three Louisiana state prisons for men from surveys (N = 2,287) and presurvey and postsurvey focus groups. Results show that the best way to determine who will inject drugs and have anal sex in prison is to identify inmates who engaged in those behaviors before incarceration. Multivariate analysis found four statistically significant predictor variables, resulting in a small but extremely high-risk group of men who engaged in high-risk behaviors both before and during incarceration. Inmates who, during the month be... Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=54443 Sat, 01 Apr 2006 07:00:00 +0100 54443 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=54442&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F12%2F2%2F118%3Frss%3D1 A survey of 134 jail administrators in 39 states revealed that 13.1% of all jail inmates had serious mental illnesses. Perceptions about the effectiveness of 12 broad interventions to respond to these inmates were solicited, and administrators generally reported that mental health units in jails, jail-based case managers, and providing training to jail officers about mental illness were very effective strategies. Programs that diverted inmates with mental illness from jails or mental health courts, however, were perceived to be less effective. Although jails have established strategies to manage these special-needs inmates, such programs are temporary remedies until integrated community-based and jail-linked programs for persons with mental illness are established, appropriately funded, an... Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=54442 Sat, 01 Apr 2006 07:00:00 +0100 54442 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=54441&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F12%2F2%2F104%3Frss%3D1 This article examines current trends in jail health assessment practices and their financial implications. A brief historical perspective of the evolution of jail health standards is presented as a preface to analyzing current practices nationally. A survey of 509 jails across the United States suggests that health assessments are conducted aggressively in spite of national guideline recommendations, resulting in a significant amount of unnecessary spending. Despite the fact that 48% of jail inmates will be released within 1 week of incarceration, a significant percentage of jails requires that health assessments be performed within days of incarceration. These health assessment practices are evaluated in light of national practice recommendations, and implications for research, policy, an... Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=54441 Sat, 01 Apr 2006 07:00:00 +0100 54441 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=54440&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F12%2F2%2F89%3Frss%3D1 Health care organizations assess clinical processes and procedures to minimize errors, improve outcomes, and increase patient satisfaction. Many correctional facilities, however, are not able to fully engage in continuous quality improvement activities mainly because of a lack of current, relevant quality models and benchmarks to serve as a basis for evaluation. The Missouri Department of Corrections developed a quality indicator matrix based on information used by civilian health systems and collected benchmark data to systematically evaluate their services and identify evidence-based prevention and treatment processes to improve the delivery and management of specific health risk factors and diseases and conditions (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=54440 Sat, 01 Apr 2006 07:00:00 +0100 54440 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=54439&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F12%2F2%2F78%3Frss%3D1 This is an exploratory study of depression in pregnant women incarcerated in a state prison in California. It was hypothesized that the inmates would experience higher levels of postpartum depression than would nonincarcerated women who have recently given birth. Participants were 120 inmates who recently gave birth while incarcerated. They were interviewed and given the Beck Depression Inventory. It was found that none of the participants were clinically depressed. Descriptive statistics are presented in detail. A qualitative component of the study explored the life experiences of pregnancy by participants. Future research will empirically address the lack of depression or negative reaction to incarcerated pregnancy (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=54439 Sat, 01 Apr 2006 07:00:00 +0100 54439 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=54438&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F12%2F2%2F72%3Frss%3D1 This study can guide health care professionals in developing programs and interventions for high-risk patients (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=54438 Sat, 01 Apr 2006 07:00:00 +0100 54438 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=23606&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F12%2F1%2F58%3Frss%3D1 (No abstract is available for this citation) (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=23606 Sun, 01 Jan 2006 07:00:00 +0100 23606 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=23605&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F12%2F1%2F54%3Frss%3D1 The medical record database of a Regional Poison Information Center was queried for all exposures that occurred in correctional facilities during a 39-month period. The records of all patients older than 18 years were reviewed for age, gender, substance, route, reason for the exposure, treatment site, and outcome. One hundred twenty-six patients met the study criteria. There were 100 men (79.4%) and 26 women (20.6%). Of the 162 substances involved, the most common were prescription medications (35.2%), followed by nonprescription medications (11.1%) and cleaning products (11.1%). Most common routes of exposure were ingestion (67.7%) and inhalation (21%). Intentional exposures accounted for 53.2% of exposures; the remaining exposures were unintentional. Substance abuse was rare. Most patien... Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=23605 Sun, 01 Jan 2006 07:00:00 +0100 23605 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=23604&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F12%2F1%2F45%3Frss%3D1 This study was a preliminary examination of the self-reported risk factors of juveniles in detention to examine differences in self-reported risk factors by gender. Data were collected from a consecutive sample of 256 adolescents being held in an urban juvenile detention center in Ohio. Respondents completed an anonymous, self-administered, computerized interview. Results support previous research findings that female juveniles are at higher risk levels related to abuse and violence and are less likely to have supportive relationships. (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=23604 Sun, 01 Jan 2006 07:00:00 +0100 23604 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=23603&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F12%2F1%2F36%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion: The rate of learning disorders in this sample is slightly higher than estimates noted in studies of youth with disabling conditions in juvenile corrections. (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=23603 Sun, 01 Jan 2006 07:00:00 +0100 23603 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=23602&cid=s_31287_51_f&fid=31287&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjcx.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F12%2F1%2F24%3Frss%3D1 This article highlights the importance of (a) systematic screening and evaluation of suicide risk, (b) obtaining mental health data from community sources and jails, (c) recognizing administrative segregation and interfacility transfer as risk factors, (d) clinical monitoring, and (e) tracking communication of intent to commit suicide. The authors discuss certain critical steps as part of a comprehensive suicide prevention program in state prisons. (Source: Journal of Correctional Health Care) Journal of Correctional Health Care journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=23602 Sun, 01 Jan 2006 07:00:00 +0100 23602