MedWorm.com provides a medical RSS filtering service. Over 6000 RSS medical sources are combined and output via different filters. This feed contains the latest items from the 'Journal of Family Issues' source. Thu, 09 Feb 2012 02:32:01 +0100 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5669663&cid=s_27152_36_f&fid=27152&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjfi.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F33%2F3%2F391%3Frss%3D1 In this article, the author presents a theoretical scheme focusing on the relation between closeness and distance in intimate relationships. This challenges a commonly held notion, which maintains that the two constructs are opposite poles on a single continuum. The authors present an alternative conceptualization employing dialectical and reflective thinking, resulting in a multidimensional conceptual model. Accordingly, apparent opposites at preliminary dimensions of experience may be unified into a shared construction of dyadic closeness and distance, when reflected on through a higher systemic mode of thinking. This process leads to a second-order level of dyadic closeness, which is indicative of the quality of the intimate relationship. The relevance of the model to different cultural... Journal of Family Issues journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5669663 Wed, 08 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5669663 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5669662&cid=s_27152_36_f&fid=27152&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjfi.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F33%2F3%2F369%3Frss%3D1 This longitudinal study followed 120 cohabiting, opposite-sex couples over 8 months to test hypotheses derived from commitment theory about how two types of commitment (dedication and constraint) operate during cohabitation. In nearly half the couples, there were large differences between partners in terms of dedication. These differences were associated with lower relationship adjustment, even controlling for overall level of dedication. Furthermore, among couples who believed in the institution of marriage, cohabiting women were, on average, more dedicated than their partners. Additionally, there was evidence that constraints (e.g., signing a lease, having a joint bank account) make it less likely that couples think they will break up, regardless of relationship dedication. This finding ... Journal of Family Issues journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5669662 Wed, 08 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5669662 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5669661&cid=s_27152_36_f&fid=27152&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjfi.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F33%2F3%2F341%3Frss%3D1 Using typologies outlined by Gottman and Fitzpatrick as well as institutional and companionate models of marriage, the authors conducted a latent class analysis of marital conflict trajectories using 20 years of data from the Marital Instability Over the Life Course study. Respondents were in one of three groups: high, medium (around the mean), or low conflict. Several factors predicted conflict trajectory group membership; respondents who believed in lifelong marriage and shared decisions equally with their spouse were more likely to report low and less likely to report high conflict. The conflict trajectories were intersected with marital happiness trajectories to examine predictors of high and low quality marriages. A stronger belief in lifelong marriage, shared decision making, and hus... Journal of Family Issues journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5669661 Wed, 08 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5669661 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5669660&cid=s_27152_36_f&fid=27152&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjfi.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F33%2F3%2F316%3Frss%3D1 This study uses individual- and couple-level analyses to examine the influence of work–family demands and community resources on marital and family satisfaction within a sample of dual-earner parents with dependent children (N = 260 couples, 520 individuals). Total couple work hours were strongly negatively associated with marital satisfaction for both fathers and mothers. Work hours may be best studied as a couple-level demand, and working shorter combined hours, if possible, may be a central component of a broader adaptive strategy. Negative work-to-family spillover was negatively associated with parents’ family satisfaction, but for mothers this relationship was mediated by negative affect and (marginally) by couple disagreements. Finally, fathers’ neighborhood friends... Journal of Family Issues journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5669660 Wed, 08 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5669660 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5669659&cid=s_27152_36_f&fid=27152&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjfi.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F33%2F3%2F295%3Frss%3D1 This study investigates the family situation of knowledge workers, the concentration of knowledge workers into family, working time, and use of time in different family types. The analysis is based on the Finnish Use of Time data (1999-2000) using family(spouse)-level data. Compared with other categories of employment, the results suggest only minor quantitative differences between knowledge worker families in working time and use of time. However, the results show that qualitative experience of time varied across families. Knowledge work families especially experienced feelings of hurriedness and time famine. (Source: Journal of Family Issues) Journal of Family Issues journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5669659 Wed, 08 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5669659 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5669658&cid=s_27152_36_f&fid=27152&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjfi.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F33%2F3%2F271%3Frss%3D1 Although researchers argue that single parents perceive more work–family conflict than married parents, little research has examined nuances in such differences. Using data from the 2002 National Study of Changing Workforce (N = 1,430), this study examines differences in home-to-job conflict by marital status and gender among employed parents. Findings indicate that single mothers feel more home-to-job conflict than single fathers, married mothers, and married fathers. Some predictors of home-to-job conflict vary by marital status and gender. Job pressure is related to home-to-job conflict more for single parents than for married parents. Age of children is related to conflict for single fathers only. Whereas an unsupportive workplace culture is related to conflict especially for mar... Journal of Family Issues journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5669658 Wed, 08 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5669658 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5612367&cid=s_27152_36_f&fid=27152&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjfi.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F33%2F2%2F246%3Frss%3D1 This article explores the relationship between religiosity, denominational homogamy, religiosity homogamy, and marital adjustment. Using a statewide sample of spouses in first marriages (N = 1,394) and remarriages (N = 601), the authors find that within-group differences in religiosity, denominational homogamy, and religiosity homogamy are not as prevalent for spouses in remarriages. Overall, husbands and wives in first marriages who are very religious have significantly higher marital adjustment scores than spouses who are less religious. Similarly, husbands and wives in first marriages who share the same religious denomination report higher marital adjustment scores than spouses who report different denominations. For spouses in both first marriages and remarriages, those who report that... Journal of Family Issues journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5612367 Fri, 20 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5612367 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5612366&cid=s_27152_36_f&fid=27152&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjfi.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F33%2F2%2F223%3Frss%3D1 Using a sample of 335 young adults and their parents, this study investigated the intergenerational transmission of marital attitudes from parents to their children and how parental marital quality moderates that relationship. Results suggested that the marital attitudes of both mothers and fathers are related to the marital attitudes of their children. Parents’ marital quality had little direct impact on the marital attitudes of their young adult children but did moderate the relationship between fathers’ marital attitudes and their young adults’ marital attitudes. The association between fathers’ marital attitudes and their children’s marital attitudes increased at higher levels of marital quality. (Source: Journal of Family Issues) Journal of Family Issues journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5612366 Fri, 20 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5612366 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5612365&cid=s_27152_36_f&fid=27152&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjfi.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F33%2F2%2F202%3Frss%3D1 Although intergenerational transmission processes have been studied on various aspects of family life, cross-cultural comparisons have rarely been made. In the present study, the authors examine how intergenerational transmission processes on relationship satisfaction differ between individuals with different gender and cultural identities. A multigroup structural equation modeling analysis compares the influence of family-of-origin factors on relationship satisfaction between Asian-born Asian, North American–born Asian, and Caucasian American heterosexual couples. Results suggest that Asian-born Asians experience greater influence from their family-of-origin than North American–born Asians and Caucasians. Males experience greater influence from their family-of-origin than fema... Journal of Family Issues journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5612365 Fri, 20 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5612365 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5612364&cid=s_27152_36_f&fid=27152&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjfi.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F33%2F2%2F182%3Frss%3D1 This Internet-based study used data from a convenience sample of 176 gay men in current partnerships to examine differences in outness, cohesion, and relationship quality between three types of gay male couples: first cohabiting partnerships, repartnerships, and gay stepfamilies. Also, we tested whether relationship quality mediated the link between outness and cohesion and the moderating role of type of relationship. Results showed that those in first cohabiting partnerships had the lowest levels of relationship quality and cohesion, whereas those in gay stepfamilies reported having the highest levels of relationship quality and those in repartnerships reported the highest levels of cohesion. For all couples, the link between outness and cohesion was partially mediated by relationship qua... Journal of Family Issues journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5612364 Fri, 20 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5612364 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5612363&cid=s_27152_36_f&fid=27152&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjfi.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F33%2F2%2F158%3Frss%3D1 The current study used an online survey to explore the anticipated impact of legalized marriage on partners in same-sex couples living in California. These data were gathered prior to the California Supreme Court decision in May 2008 legalizing same-sex marriage, which held sway for 5 months before California Proposition 8 eliminating same-sex marriage was passed by a voter referendum. In addition to administering three quantitative measures (Gay and Lesbian Acceptance & Social Support Index, Anticipated Impact of Marriage Scale, and The Couple Satisfaction Index), a qualitative approach to inquiry was used to derive themes in the reported experiences of the study participants. The principal theme emerging from participants’ responses involved a ubiquitous sense of security in al... Journal of Family Issues journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5612363 Fri, 20 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5612363 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5612362&cid=s_27152_36_f&fid=27152&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjfi.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F33%2F2%2F136%3Frss%3D1 Mothers play an important role in promoting the sexual health of their adolescent children. Fifty-seven HIV-positive mothers with adolescent children participated in an in-depth, qualitative interview regarding whether they have talked to their children about safer sex and sexually transmitted disease (STD) prevention, including at what age they began such discussions and what messages they gave to their children. The majority of mothers (95%) had talked with their child about safer sex; some began such discussions when the children were as young as 6 years old, but most began when the children were around 12 years old. Mothers’ messages fell into the following areas: (a) protecting oneself from STDs; (b) giving factual information regarding STDs, including HIV; (c) avoiding pregnanc... Journal of Family Issues journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5612362 Fri, 20 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5612362 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5612361&cid=s_27152_36_f&fid=27152&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjfi.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F33%2F2%2F115%3Frss%3D1 This study adds to an understanding of the associations between IPV and family functioning across the transition to parenthood, and has important implications for preventive intervention. (Source: Journal of Family Issues) Journal of Family Issues journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5612361 Fri, 20 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5612361 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5497141&cid=s_27152_36_f&fid=27152&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjfi.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F33%2F1%2F99%3Frss%3D1 This article focuses on the experience of one particular family living amid the sociopolitical violence in Northern Ireland to illustrate the impact of a particular traumatic event—a paramilitary assault due to mistaken identity. These attacks are often colloquially referred to as "punishment shootings"or "beatings." The systemic effect on family relationships and the unfolding therapeutic process are emphasized. A number of emerging themes and issues that have wider applicability are discussed. (Source: Journal of Family Issues) Journal of Family Issues journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5497141 Mon, 12 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5497141 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5497140&cid=s_27152_36_f&fid=27152&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjfi.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F33%2F1%2F76%3Frss%3D1 This article revisits that debate, focusing on the intergenerational role of wisdom in the West of Ireland. Ethnographic reconstructions of wise interaction within families and communities, especially in regions of Irish society that still bear traces of semitraditional social practices, suggest that certain types of wisdom may promote well-being, even resilience. Shared cultural resources involving wisdom may help younger generations negotiate everyday predicaments in an independent manner. This article explores details of how these interactions take place, suggesting that the processes involved bear similarities with a number of therapeutic approaches. (Source: Journal of Family Issues) Journal of Family Issues journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5497140 Mon, 12 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5497140 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5497139&cid=s_27152_36_f&fid=27152&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjfi.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F33%2F1%2F52%3Frss%3D1 In this article, the authors explore the consequences of an American 1930s classic anthropological study for a contemporary rural community in the west of Ireland. The contribution of family, kin, and community relations to sustaining a rural way of life was the primary focus of Arensberg and Kimball’s study of Irish farm families published as Family and Community in Ireland. Through the frame of a collaborative community research project with an artist, sociologist, and the descendents of the families written about, we present an account of a research project based on Kimball’s 1930s field diary that provided an opportunity for community members to tell their own story of family and community in the 21st century. Deploying a narrative inquiry approach, the power of local stori... Journal of Family Issues journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5497139 Mon, 12 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5497139 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5497138&cid=s_27152_36_f&fid=27152&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjfi.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F33%2F1%2F29%3Frss%3D1 This article illustrates the impact dominant conceptions in Irish society that privilege the family based on marriage have on one-parent family policy. The authors focus on two key areas of social interaction associated with family life—parenthood and (un)paid work—to identify both congruences and tensions between social policy and the needs of one-parent families. The article draws on interview and survey data collected in Galway in 2007 to show how existing welfare policies create some opportunities for those parenting alone while at the same time perpetuating inequalities within the gendered family context and across multiple generations. (Source: Journal of Family Issues) Journal of Family Issues journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5497138 Mon, 12 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5497138 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5497137&cid=s_27152_36_f&fid=27152&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjfi.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F33%2F1%2F10%3Frss%3D1 This article provides a descriptive overview of family life in Ireland and of major family-related changes over the past 40 years. It presents a general framework of analysis within which these changes can be understood, considers the general nature of change and continuity in family in Ireland, and proposes some implications for research and policy in the early part of this century. (Source: Journal of Family Issues) Journal of Family Issues journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5497137 Mon, 12 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5497137 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5497136&cid=s_27152_36_f&fid=27152&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjfi.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F33%2F1%2F3%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Family Issues) Journal of Family Issues journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5497136 Mon, 12 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5497136 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5470727&cid=s_27152_36_f&fid=27152&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjfi.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F32%2F12%2F1700%3Frss%3D1 This study examines the ways in which Japanese corporate transnationalism affects husbands’ involvement in family life and marital relationships primarily from a perspective of wives. It is based on interviews with 22 Japanese wives and 4 husbands. Studies of Japanese corporate transnationalism treat men as mere supervisors to local workers or representatives of corporations and pay little attention to their family relations. The study found that corporate transnationalism weakens the Japanese masculine corporate culture (which creates absent husbands and fathers) and consequently provides Japanese men an opportunity to consolidate family bonds and integrate themselves into family life, though not all men take advantage of this opportunity. Inasmuch as transnational corporate familie... Journal of Family Issues journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5470727 Thu, 01 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5470727 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5470726&cid=s_27152_36_f&fid=27152&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjfi.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F32%2F12%2F1674%3Frss%3D1 In this article, the authors argue that to understand the very low incidence of outside-of-marriage childbearing in contemporary Japan one needs to take into account perceptions of all possible solutions to a premarital pregnancy: marriage, abortion, and childbearing outside wedlock. To demonstrate the particular impact of these perceptions in Japan, the authors compare them with those in the United States, a country where many more children are born outside wedlock. Using mixed methods, the authors demonstrate that for a typical Japanese woman, giving birth outside marriage is the morally inferior solution. For many American women, in contrast, choosing to bear a child outside wedlock rather than rushing into a marriage or having an abortion is often seen as a sign of greater maturity. Th... Journal of Family Issues journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5470726 Thu, 01 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5470726 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5470725&cid=s_27152_36_f&fid=27152&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjfi.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F32%2F12%2F1647%3Frss%3D1 This study advances our understanding of fertility norms by examining whether fertility norms remain stable over time. In addition, this article also investigates whether these norms are influenced by (a) sociodemographic background characteristics; (b) fertility norms of close family members: partners, siblings, parents, and children; and (c) life course events. Two waves of the Netherlands Kinship Panel Study (NKPS) are used. This data set contains multi-actor data: family members are interviewed separately. First, analyses revealed that fertility norms are quite stable over time. Second, fertility norms appeared to be related to respondent’s educational level and religious socialization. Furthermore, life course transitions are an explanation for holding (in)tolerant fertility nor... Journal of Family Issues journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5470725 Thu, 01 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5470725 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5470724&cid=s_27152_36_f&fid=27152&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjfi.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F32%2F12%2F1622%3Frss%3D1 The literature on intergenerational transfers and divorce has paid little attention to the experiences of older adults whose son or daughter has divorced or separated. The authors conducted 31 qualitative interviews to explore support provision from the perspective of older adults with divorced or separated adult children. All respondents were also grandparents. Older adults whose sons and daughters have experienced divorce or separation seek to accomplish two main aims, namely (a) compensating for the perceived losses that their adult children (and grandchildren) have experienced and (b) drawing boundaries around the support that they channel to compensate for the losses. The findings support the relevance of both the solidarity and ambivalence paradigms in seeking to understand postsepar... Journal of Family Issues journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5470724 Thu, 01 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5470724 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5470723&cid=s_27152_36_f&fid=27152&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjfi.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F32%2F12%2F1597%3Frss%3D1 In this study, the authors analyze nationally-representative data from Mexico in cross-sectional and change models to evaluate differences in depressive symptoms across union type (marital vs. cohabiting and first vs. higher order unions) among Mexican men and women. The findings suggest that cohabiting unions do not provide the same mental health benefits as marital unions (especially for men). Repartnering is also associated with higher depressive symptoms (especially for women), which indicates possible lasting mental health disadvantages of divorce/separation or entrance into lower quality second unions. These results suggest that the changing family context in Mexico, which includes increasing cohabitation and union instability, may have important consequences for individuals’ p... Journal of Family Issues journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5470723 Thu, 01 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5470723 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5470722&cid=s_27152_36_f&fid=27152&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjfi.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F32%2F12%2F1576%3Frss%3D1 This research examines trends in a broad set of reproductive and marital behaviors in Ghana, focusing on religious group differences. These comparisons provide evidence of how family trends are constrained by religious identity in a less developed country. Three waves of the Ghana Demographic and Health Surveys are used to track trends in the age at family formation, marital status, contraceptive use, and family size. Results indicate that women are waiting longer to begin sexual relationships, to marry, and have children. At the same time, the frequency of informal unions, polygamy, and marital disruption show modest declines. Contraceptive use is increasing and family size is declining. Although religious group differences in these behaviors are substantial, some religious group differen... Journal of Family Issues journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5470722 Thu, 01 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5470722 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5470721&cid=s_27152_36_f&fid=27152&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjfi.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F32%2F12%2F1573%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Family Issues) Journal of Family Issues journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5470721 Thu, 01 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5470721 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5288577&cid=s_27152_36_f&fid=27152&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjfi.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F32%2F11%2F1543%3Frss%3D1 The present study examined the associations between stable nonresidence among never married parents (compared with coresident parents) and outcomes for toddlers using the Early Childhood Longitudinal Survey–Birth Cohort. The authors found small to medium negative associations between stable nonresidence and toddlers’ positive social behavior and small negative associations between stable nonresidence and toddlers’ cognition. The associations between stable nonresidence and positive social behavior and cognition were explained by mothers’ supportiveness during interactions with the child. The findings suggest that toddlers in stable nonresident families are at greater risk for lowered school readiness because of diminished quality of maternal interactions with the ch... Journal of Family Issues journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5288577 Wed, 05 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5288577 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5288576&cid=s_27152_36_f&fid=27152&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjfi.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F32%2F11%2F1522%3Frss%3D1 Although scholars and policy makers herald the promotive influence of fathers’ parenting involvement, limited research has carefully delineated effects of fathers’ parenting on low-income children’s development and whether early contributions from fathers confer long-term protective effects. Using data from the Three-City Study (N = 261), analyses assessed whether fathers’ parenting practices during early childhood showed long-term links with low-income children’s cognitive skills through middle childhood. Results found that fathers’ warm and stimulating parenting predicted enhanced reading and math skills for children in middle childhood, whereas fathers’ restrictive discipline predicted lower reading and math skills. These links were independent ... Journal of Family Issues journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5288576 Wed, 05 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5288576 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5288575&cid=s_27152_36_f&fid=27152&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjfi.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F32%2F11%2F1500%3Frss%3D1 This study explored first-time fathers’ perceived child care skill over the transition to parenthood, based on face-to-face interviews of 152 working-class, dual-earner couples. Analyses examined the associations among fathers’ perceived skill and prenatal perception of skill, child care involvement, mothers’ breastfeeding, maternal gatekeeping, mothers’ work hours, fathers’ depressive symptoms, and fathers’ beliefs about responding to a crying child. Involvement was also examined as a potential mediator between some predictors and perceived skill. Findings suggest that breastfeeding and depressive symptoms were not related to involvement or perceived skill. Maternal gatekeeping was unrelated to skill yet had a negative relationship with involvement, if ... Journal of Family Issues journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5288575 Wed, 05 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5288575 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5288574&cid=s_27152_36_f&fid=27152&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjfi.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F32%2F11%2F1474%3Frss%3D1 Employees (N = 291) of various industries and companies were surveyed to study how individual factors (coping and personality) affect work–family conflict: strain-based work-to-family conflict (S-WFC), time-based work-to-family conflict (T-WFC), strain-based family-to-work conflict (S-FWC), and time-based family-to-work conflict (T-FWC). As expected, passive coping was related to significantly higher levels of S-WFC, S-FWC, and T-FWC. Unexpectedly, active coping was related to higher levels of S-WFC. As hypothesized, social support coping was negatively related to work–family conflict, but only for T-WFC. Venting was positively related to S-WFC. As predicted, neuroticism was positively related to S-WFC, T-WFC, and S-FWC. Passive coping mediated the positive relationship between... Journal of Family Issues journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5288574 Wed, 05 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5288574 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5288573&cid=s_27152_36_f&fid=27152&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjfi.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F32%2F11%2F1449%3Frss%3D1 Using new data from the American Time Use Survey (ATUS), the authors consider how educational and parental status influence the relationship between wives’ relative earnings and the time they devote to housework in a climate of heightened gender egalitarianism and growing similarity between women’s and men’s time use. The authors capitalize on the large samples in the American Time Use Survey to study four groups of wives whose varying educational and parental statuses strengthen tests of theoretical claims regarding bargaining, gender display, and wives’ autonomy. Among wives with children at home and without a college degree, the authors find that relative earnings bear a curvilinear relationship to housework time, supporting predictions derived from exchange and ... Journal of Family Issues journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5288573 Wed, 05 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5288573 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5288572&cid=s_27152_36_f&fid=27152&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjfi.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F32%2F11%2F1425%3Frss%3D1 In this article, we use feminist theories of the state to examine why the Family and Medical Leave Act (FMLA) has had relatively little impact on increasing men’s caregiving after the birth or adoption of a child. An analysis of witness testimonies and of the language of the proposed bill at three different stages of its development revealed that as the business community became more vocal in its opposition to the bill, benefits for workers were reduced and testimonies discussing how FMLA could help alleviate gender inequality all but disappeared. We argue that making gender inequality in caregiving a focal point of discussions during the development of the bill could result in a policy that encourages men to use it and, in turn, lead to an increase in caregiving by fathers. (Source:... Journal of Family Issues journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5288572 Wed, 05 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5288572 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5213072&cid=s_27152_36_f&fid=27152&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjfi.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F32%2F10%2F1397%3Frss%3D1 In this article, the authors merge the study of support, strain, and ambivalence in family relationships with the study of stress to explore the ways family members provide support or contribute to strain in the disaster recovery process. The authors analyze interviews with 71 displaced Hurricane Katrina survivors, and identify three family relationships that were especially important to postdisplacement experiences: marital or intimate partner, parent–adult child, and fictive kin. These relationships provided support, contributed to strain, or did both, highlighting the complexity of such relationships in the postdisaster context. Women tended to provide more support to and receive more support from family relationships than did men, especially through mother–adult daughter re... Journal of Family Issues journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5213072 Mon, 12 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5213072 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5213071&cid=s_27152_36_f&fid=27152&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjfi.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F32%2F10%2F1371%3Frss%3D1 The authors explored individual and family adjustment processes among parents (n = 30) and children (n = 55) who were displaced to Colorado after Hurricane Katrina. Drawing on in-depth interviews with 23 families, this article offers an inductive model of displaced family adjustment. Four stages of family adjustment are presented in the model: (a) family unity stage, (b) prioritizing safety stage (parents) and missing home stage (children), (c) confronting reality stage (parents) and feeling settled stage (children), and (d) reaching resolution. This research illustrates that parental and child adjustment trajectories are dynamic and may vary over time, thus underscoring the importance of considering the perspectives of both adults and children in research and disaster policy interventions... Journal of Family Issues journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5213071 Mon, 12 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5213071 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5213070&cid=s_27152_36_f&fid=27152&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjfi.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F32%2F10%2F1346%3Frss%3D1 Guided by an ecological perspective, the authors examined event, individual, structural/cultural, and family/community factors that shaped the psychological well-being of older adults displaced from New Orleans by Hurricane Katrina. The authors first established the negative effects of displacement on psychological well-being by comparing displaced older adults with permanent Baton Rouge residents. Displaced older persons’ psychological well-being was positively related to their age and physical health. Older displaced women coped with displacement better than men. Avoidant coping was negatively related to the older adults’ well-being, whereas spiritual coping showed no effect. The functioning of older persons’ family was positively related to their psychological well-bei... Journal of Family Issues journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5213070 Mon, 12 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5213070 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5213069&cid=s_27152_36_f&fid=27152&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjfi.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F32%2F10%2F1325%3Frss%3D1 This study explored the role of special education teachers of children with significant disabilities during Hurricane Ike. Grounded theory methods were used to analyze interview data of the teachers (n = 4) who were employed in school districts directly affected by the hurricane. The five categories that emerged from the data were losses for students and families, losses for teachers, resource supports, communication supports, and supports to reestablish routines. Despite being affected by the storm themselves, the teachers provided essential support to their students and families throughout all phases of the disaster. The role of these teachers evolved to include instrumental and psychological supports, which has been documented in previous studies. These teachers’ roles differed in... Journal of Family Issues journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5213069 Mon, 12 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5213069 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5213068&cid=s_27152_36_f&fid=27152&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjfi.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F32%2F10%2F1303%3Frss%3D1 In the present study, the authors examined the role of child-related stressors in the psychological adjustment of lower-income, primarily unmarried and African American, mothers (N = 386). All participants lived in areas affected by Hurricane Katrina, and about a third were also exposed to Hurricane Rita (30.3%, n = 117). Lacking knowledge of a child’s safety during the hurricanes was a significant predictor of heightened postdisaster psychological distress and posttraumatic stress, even after controlling for demographic variables, predisaster psychological distress, evacuation timing, and bereavement. From interviews with a subset of the participants (n = 57), we found that mothers consistently put their own needs behind those of their children. The authors recommend policies that p... Journal of Family Issues journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5213068 Mon, 12 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5213068 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5213067&cid=s_27152_36_f&fid=27152&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjfi.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F32%2F10%2F1285%3Frss%3D1 The definition of a disaster is followed by an explanation of vulnerability and social capital theories. The importance of using a sound theoretical framework and the utility and efficacy of vulnerability and social capital theories in studying the impact of natural disasters on the elderly population are emphasized and discussed. The conclusion is that an integrated vulnerability and social capital framework has much merit and potential in studying the impact of natural disasters on the elderly and other populations. (Source: Journal of Family Issues) Journal of Family Issues journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5213067 Mon, 12 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5213067 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5213066&cid=s_27152_36_f&fid=27152&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjfi.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F32%2F10%2F1277%3Frss%3D1 The current collection contributes to our understanding of the stress experienced by and resilience of individuals and families in the aftermath of a disaster. We begin the collection with an article on two theories, vulnerability and social capital theory. These theories serve as tools to capture physical, social, and economic vulnerabilities as well as to determine how the dynamics of social networks interact when experiencing a disaster. The remaining authors of the current collection examined the experiences, stresses, and resilience of lower-income mothers, special education teachers, older adults, and families. Authors offer recommendations for disaster planning or future research. (Source: Journal of Family Issues) Journal of Family Issues journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5213066 Mon, 12 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5213066 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5072776&cid=s_27152_36_f&fid=27152&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjfi.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F32%2F9%2F1245%3Frss%3D1 This study investigated various roles played by host, homeland, and global media in the lives of immigrant families from the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS, former USSR) to Israel and Germany, as well as the place of different media in family conflicts, consolidation, and parenting strategies. The study was based on focus group interviews with 60 families of Russian-speaking immigrants in Israel and Germany and 73 semistructured, in-depth interviews with immigrant youngsters. The findings of this study demonstrate that the mass media fulfill diverse roles for immigrant families, assisting them face two main relocation challenges: integration "inward" (i.e., cultural transmission and family consolidation) and "outward" integration into their new surroundings. (Source: Journal of Fa... Journal of Family Issues journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5072776 Wed, 27 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5072776 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5072775&cid=s_27152_36_f&fid=27152&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjfi.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F32%2F9%2F1223%3Frss%3D1 This study examines parents’ and children’s reaction to the American Academy of Pediatrics recommendation to limit children’s television (TV) viewing to 2 hours a day or less. To better understand the challenges faced by parents who would seek to adhere to the guidelines, we conducted qualitative small group interviews with 60 parent/child dyads from each of the following three age groups: 6 to 7, 9 to 10, and 12 to 13 years (N = 180 children and 180 parents). Parents and children were interviewed separately and transcripts were thematically analyzed using Atlas.ti. Results indicate three salient challenges: (a) limiting children’s TV time will cause conflict in the home because of children’s anger at parents’ rules and increased bickering between siblin... Journal of Family Issues journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5072775 Wed, 27 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5072775 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5072774&cid=s_27152_36_f&fid=27152&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjfi.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F32%2F9%2F1205%3Frss%3D1 With whom do parents discuss medical and behavioral child-rearing questions? In a telephone survey of 167 parents (49 fathers and 118 mothers) in the southern United States, the authors found that mothers express a clear preference for their own mother’s advice as opposed to that of their mother-in-law. Fathers are less likely to consult any relative and show little preference for their own mothers in seeking parenting advice. Directions for further research are discussed. (Source: Journal of Family Issues) Journal of Family Issues journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5072774 Wed, 27 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5072774 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5072773&cid=s_27152_36_f&fid=27152&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjfi.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F32%2F9%2F1178%3Frss%3D1 The authors use data from the National Survey of Families and Households to examine a range of sociability behaviors for adults who grew up with and without siblings. Compared with adults who grew up with siblings, adults who grew up without siblings have less frequent social activities with relatives, and the difference is greater among those who did not live with both parents growing up. Differences in engaging in certain social events between adults who grew up without and with siblings vary by age. Differences in participation in sports-, youth-, or school-related group activities for those who grew up without and with siblings vary by gender. Thus, there are some differences in adult sociability behaviors between those who grew up with and without siblings; however, the pattern of fin... Journal of Family Issues journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5072773 Wed, 27 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5072773 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5072772&cid=s_27152_36_f&fid=27152&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjfi.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F32%2F9%2F1156%3Frss%3D1 To identify perspectives on the roles of extended family and fictive kin, the authors conducted a qualitative analysis of in-depth interviews with 45 older adults diverse in gender, race, and class. Five strategies of kin reinterpretation were found. Kin promotion defined a distant blood relative as a closer blood relative. Kin exchange reclassified a parent–child tie as a sibling tie or vice versa. Nonkin conversion created fictive kin by turning friends and colleagues into family-like members. Kin retention kept an ex-in-law in the extended family network following divorce. Kin loss identified the meaning of losing physical or psychological contact with a once-valued kin member. The findings reveal that older adults from both mainstream and marginalized families expanded kin reinte... Journal of Family Issues journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5072772 Wed, 27 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5072772 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5072771&cid=s_27152_36_f&fid=27152&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjfi.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F32%2F9%2F1129%3Frss%3D1 Donor-shared sibling families have recently emerged. Families who conceived using the same anonymous donor are locating one another through websites designed to match children with their biogenetic half-siblings. Based on a survey of 587 parents with donor-conceived children, we discovered that a growing number of unrelated parents whose children are genetically related are organizing into durable groups. These groups mainly exist on the Internet where members can choose their level of participation. A smaller group has met offline, but most select one or two families they especially connect with. Overall, these families illustrate that genetics cannot be ignored. Whereas some respondents view donor-siblings as a latent affiliation—an insurance policy for future questions by their ch... Journal of Family Issues journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5072771 Wed, 27 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5072771 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4995026&cid=s_27152_36_f&fid=27152&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjfi.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F32%2F8%2F1104%3Frss%3D1 This study investigated parents’ experiences of closeness in their interactions with their children in middle childhood. Structured, open-ended interviews were conducted with mothers and fathers from 23 families (46 participants) with children aged between 7 and 11 years (M = 9.2 years). Qualitative analyses indicated that parents’ experiences of close interactions were consistent with an underlying construct of parent—child intimacy. Parents reported that they experienced closeness predominantly during interactions where they perceived mutuality and shared pleasure. Parents were strategic in creating both intimate interactions and contexts for intimacy. Children were perceived to contribute to intimacy by initiating and responding to parental bids for intimate interactio... Journal of Family Issues journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4995026 Sun, 03 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4995026 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4995025&cid=s_27152_36_f&fid=27152&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjfi.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F32%2F8%2F1073%3Frss%3D1 The authors used data from the Add Health study to estimate the effects of parents’ marital status and relationship distress on daughters’ early family formation transitions. Outcomes included traditional transitions (marriage and marital births) and nontraditional transitions (cohabitation and nonmarital births). Relationship distress among continuously married parents was not related to any outcome. Offspring with single parents and remarried parents had an elevated risk of nonmarital births and nonmarital cohabitation. Offspring with remarried parents with a high-distress relationship had an elevated risk of early marriages and marital births. These results, combined with analyses of mediating variables, provide the strongest support for a modeling perspective, although some... Journal of Family Issues journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4995025 Sun, 03 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4995025 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4995024&cid=s_27152_36_f&fid=27152&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjfi.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F32%2F8%2F1050%3Frss%3D1 How does parental divorce influence the sense of control in adult offspring? Numerous studies have examined the implications of parental divorce on adult psychological well-being. However, little attention has been paid to the long-term consequences of parental divorce for adult sense of control. Using data from the Survey of Aging, Status, and the Sense of Control, we investigate whether or not, and how, parental divorce is associated with offspring sense of control. The results show that parental divorce has mixed relationships with offspring sense of control, indicating both positive and negative mechanisms. On one hand, parental divorce significantly increases adult sense of control. This positive association holds even when we adjust for socioeconomic attainments and social relationsh... Journal of Family Issues journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4995024 Sun, 03 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4995024 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4995023&cid=s_27152_36_f&fid=27152&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjfi.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F32%2F8%2F1030%3Frss%3D1 Research based on clinical samples suggests that poor-quality relationships with parents are associated with paranoid disorders; however, no research has investigated such relations within nonclinical populations. Undergraduate students (N = 179) completed self-reports of paranoid thinking, quality of relationships with mothers and fathers, loneliness, and social isolation. Paranoid thinking was associated with poor-quality relationships with parents and loneliness, including when both variables were considered simultaneously. Paranoid thinking was also associated with social isolation, but only for participants not currently residing with parents, suggesting that living in the family home may ameliorate links between paranoid thinking and isolation from friends. Family relationships are d... Journal of Family Issues journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4995023 Sun, 03 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4995023 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4995022&cid=s_27152_36_f&fid=27152&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjfi.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F32%2F8%2F1007%3Frss%3D1 This study hypothesizes that adolescents who believe they matter less to their families will more likely threaten or engage in intrafamily physical violence. The data come from a national sample of 2,004 adolescents. Controlling for respondents’ age, gender, race, religiosity, and family socioeconomic status, structure, and size, logistic regression reveals that mattering to family is a strong contributor to violence. The effect of mattering is mediated by self-esteem and attitude toward violence. Females are more violent than males. Compared with the average respondent, Hispanics are less likely than Whites to commit violence. Children from larger families increasingly use violence. Religiosity diminishes family violence. Children whose responding parent did not finish high school a... Journal of Family Issues journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4995022 Sun, 03 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4995022 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4995021&cid=s_27152_36_f&fid=27152&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjfi.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F32%2F8%2F985%3Frss%3D1 This exploratory study sought to understand the effects of criminality on mothers of offenders. Semistructured in-depth interviews were used to gather data from 27 mothers. Respondents reported that their children’s criminality leads to a series of complications and stressors in mothers’ lives, including physical, psychological, relational, social, and economic effects. Mothers also reported on offenders’ relationships with their fathers and the stigma of criminality. The destructive impact of a child’s criminality, and the need for support for offenders’ families, particularly their mothers, is evident. Peer support, social service networking, and improved criminal justice response are suggested as means to assist mothers. (Source: Journal of Family Issues) Journal of Family Issues journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4995021 Sun, 03 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4995021 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4857337&cid=s_27152_36_f&fid=27152&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjfi.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F32%2F7%2F956%3Frss%3D1 Despite growing numbers of singles, the idealization of marriage and child rearing remains strong, pervasive, and largely unquestioned. Guided by life course perspective, the purpose of this article was to examine familial and societal messages women receive when not married by their late 20s to mid-30s. Using descriptive phenomenological method, the authors conducted 32 interviews with 10 middle-class, ever-single women. Respondents’ social environments were characterized by pressure to confirm to the conventional life pathway. Pressure was manifested in women feeling both highly visible and invisible. Specifically, women’s social worlds included (a) awareness of the changing reality as they became older (e.g., changing pool of eligible men, pregnancy risks), (b) reminders tha... Journal of Family Issues journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4857337 Mon, 23 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4857337 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4857336&cid=s_27152_36_f&fid=27152&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjfi.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F32%2F7%2F932%3Frss%3D1 This study surveyed more than 3,000 United Methodist clergy spouses to assess the status of that role, focusing especially on gender, age, and region of the United States. It was determined that gender has the strongest effect, as male spouses are significantly more likely to be nontraditional than their female counterparts. To a lesser degree, younger spouses and those not from the South are also more likely to act in nontraditional ways. Higher income and higher education were also found to be correlated with nontraditional behaviors. Although the large majority of respondents continue to replicate the traditional clergy spouse model, changes seem to be underway, led primarily by the male spouses of clergy women. (Source: Journal of Family Issues) Journal of Family Issues journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4857336 Mon, 23 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4857336 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4857335&cid=s_27152_36_f&fid=27152&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjfi.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F32%2F7%2F906%3Frss%3D1 This study explores the relationship between multiple aspects of religious involvement—affiliation, church attendance, subjective religiosity—and marital expectations among college women. In addition, the authors investigate whether religious involvement mediates the link between family background and marital expectations. These issues are addressed using data from a nationally representative sample of approximately 1,000 college women surveyed in 2000. Results indicate that the importance of marriage as a personal goal is positively associated with subjective religiosity. The estimated net effects of subjective religiosity are also stronger for women in two-parent families versus those in other family structures. Conservative Protestant women anticipate marrying earlier than o... Journal of Family Issues journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4857335 Mon, 23 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4857335 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4857334&cid=s_27152_36_f&fid=27152&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjfi.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F32%2F7%2F876%3Frss%3D1 Cohabitation has become the modal path to marriage in the United States. However, little is known about what cohabitation means to young adults today. Drawing on data from 18 focus groups (N = 138) and 54 in-depth interviews with young adults, this exploratory study investigates motivations to cohabit and examines potential gender differences in those motivations and the meanings attached to them. The authors find that primary motives to cohabit include spending time together, sharing expenses, and evaluating compatibility. Strong gender differences emerge in how respondents discuss these themes and how they characterize the drawbacks of cohabitation, with men more concerned about loss of freedom and women with delays in marriage. Overall, the findings of this study suggest that gendered c... Journal of Family Issues journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4857334 Mon, 23 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4857334 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4857333&cid=s_27152_36_f&fid=27152&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjfi.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F32%2F7%2F845%3Frss%3D1 Based on 424 qualitative interviews with a racially, ethnically, and socio-economically diverse population of young people ranging in age from 21 to 38, the authors ponder the paradox of the evolving role for contemporary marriage within the developmental perspective of the transition to adulthood. The authors identify two groups: marriage naturalists and marriage planners. Naturalists comprise one fifth of the sample, are largely from rural America, and follow the fast-track into marriage that defined the mid-twentieth century. Planners comprise the remainder of the sample, are based in metropolitan areas, and follow an elongated transition to adulthood. The authors examine the views of each group on commitment and the nature of relationships, and apply their findings to the debates about... Journal of Family Issues journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4857333 Mon, 23 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4857333 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4738165&cid=s_27152_36_f&fid=27152&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjfi.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F32%2F6%2F820%3Frss%3D1 This study examined the psychometric properties of the Commitment Inventory in 320 premarital or cohabiting couples (N = 640). Dyadic confirmatory factor analyses revealed that the hypothesized factor structure of six constraint subscales and one dedication subscale fit the data well for both men and women. Internal consistency coefficients were within acceptable range for most subscales. Within-couple correlations as well as correlations between subscales and with relationship quality, negative communication, and religiosity are presented. Implications for future research are discussed. (Source: Journal of Family Issues) Journal of Family Issues journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4738165 Tue, 19 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4738165 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4738164&cid=s_27152_36_f&fid=27152&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjfi.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F32%2F6%2F791%3Frss%3D1 There is a widespread agreement among gender and family violence investigators that gender and socioeconomic inequalities play key roles in domestic violence against women (DVAW). By integrating the concepts of gender traditionalism and decision-making power into a variety of resource-based theories, this study develops a gender perspective to explore the linkages between gendered correlates and psychological and physical DVAW in urban Thailand. Based on a random sample of 770 married women in Bangkok, results from our Tobit regression models indicate that when Thai wives accept gender traditionalism, have significantly greater or smaller economic resources than their husbands, or have significantly greater or smaller decision-making power, they are at greater risk for multiple forms of do... Journal of Family Issues journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4738164 Tue, 19 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4738164 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4738163&cid=s_27152_36_f&fid=27152&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjfi.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F32%2F6%2F767%3Frss%3D1 Using parent interview data from a subsample of the National Postsecondary Student Aid Study (NPSAS), the authors compared the financial contributions of married, divorced, and remarried parents toward their children’s college education and found that although divorced parents contributed significantly less than married parents, remarried parents contributed amounts similar to those of divorced parents, despite having incomes similar to those of married parents. The authors also investigated the financial contributions of divorced and remarried parents who lived in states that permit courts to extend child support beyond the age of 18 for college expenses (postmajority states) and found that living in a postmajority state is not associated with increased parent contributions. (Source... Journal of Family Issues journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4738163 Tue, 19 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4738163 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4738162&cid=s_27152_36_f&fid=27152&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjfi.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F32%2F6%2F735%3Frss%3D1 Multi-actor survey data are highly valuable for answering questions about family relations, but the collection of such data is complicated by nonresponse among secondary (nonresident) respondents. Little is known, however, about the degree to which nonresponse of secondary respondents is selective and about the degree to which selective nonresponse biases substantive findings. Using a large representative survey, we analyze nonresponse of nonresident adult children of primary respondents. Nonresponse appears strongly related to characteristics of the parent—child relationship and to characteristics of both parents and children. Consequences are examined for three dependent variables: children’s attitudes, children’s support giving to parents, and children’s well-bei... Journal of Family Issues journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4738162 Tue, 19 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4738162 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4738161&cid=s_27152_36_f&fid=27152&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjfi.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F32%2F6%2F709%3Frss%3D1 Using data from the National Survey of Families and Households, this study explores how single-parent, stepparent, and two-parent biological family structures may affect the transmission of gender ideology from parents to their adult children. Results indicate that biological parents’ ideologies are strong predictors of their children’s ideologies. Stepparents’ ideologies are predictive of their stepchildren’s only when they have high-quality relationships. Parent—child gender heterogeneity, performance of traditional parenting roles, and relationship quality are related to high similarity scores. The authors find evidence of converging ideologies between mothers and sons and diverging ideologies for fathers and daughters—especially in stepfamilies. Fina... Journal of Family Issues journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4738161 Tue, 19 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4738161 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4689204&cid=s_27152_36_f&fid=27152&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjfi.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F32%2F5%2F679%3Frss%3D1 The authors used the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study, Kindergarten Class of 1998-1999, to test ideas from Lareau’s qualitative study of social class differences in parenting. Consistent with Lareau, a confirmatory factor analysis supported the general concerted cultivation construct—a parenting strategy that subsumes parents’ school engagement, children’s participation in extracurricular activities, and the amount of educational materials in the home. The authors also found that socioeconomic status (SES) was the major correlate of parents’ use of concerted cultivation. Contrary to Lareau, however, the authors found that racial/ethnic differences in concerted cultivation are moderately strong, even with SES controlled. Finally, this study identified a varie... Journal of Family Issues journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4689204 Mon, 04 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4689204 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4689203&cid=s_27152_36_f&fid=27152&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjfi.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F32%2F5%2F653%3Frss%3D1 With passage of the Welfare Reform Law of 1996, various national, state, and local programs were created to encourage marriage, particularly among low-income African American cohabiting couples with children. However, policy makers know little about the deterrents to marriage for members of this group. More specifically, there is a lack of data that address the narrative responses of low-income, cohabiting African Americans regarding their desire for and barriers to marriage. To address this paucity, interviews were conducted with 30 low-income African American couples to explore their marital status, their plans for marriage, as well as their perceived barriers regarding marriage. Using qualitative coding and analysis, implications and recommendations regarding how policy makers and progr... Journal of Family Issues journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4689203 Mon, 04 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4689203 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4689202&cid=s_27152_36_f&fid=27152&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjfi.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F32%2F5%2F629%3Frss%3D1 This study explores gender and race differences in the relative importance placed on certain symbolic activities previously identified by the dating literature as constituting such rituals. Using information collected from a racially diverse sample of college students (N = 680), it is found that some traditional gender differences persist, but that these are also cross-cut by racial contrasts. Men, overall, place more emphasis on gifting, as well as sexual activity. Gender differences, however, are significantly greater among African Americans as compared with Whites in the sample studied. African American respondents are also significantly more likely than White respondents to associate meeting the family with a more serious dating relationship. The findings highlight the need for greater... Journal of Family Issues journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4689202 Mon, 04 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4689202 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4689201&cid=s_27152_36_f&fid=27152&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjfi.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F32%2F5%2F605%3Frss%3D1 This qualitative study examined the sexual socialization experienced by emerging adult, African American women, ages 18 to 26 years, who received services at a sexually transmitted infection clinic. Data obtained from in-depth interviews revealed that women received information about sex and relationships from three primary sources: women of the previous generation, who emphasized relationship quality, contraception and the consequences of sex; partner qualities, and role responsibilities; same-generation women, whose messages addressed relationship quality and the consequences of sex and male family members, who emphasized men’s treatment of women and sexual issues. Women described both direct and indirect (observed) messages, as well as differences and similarities in messages. The... Journal of Family Issues journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4689201 Mon, 04 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4689201 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4689200&cid=s_27152_36_f&fid=27152&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjfi.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F32%2F5%2F577%3Frss%3D1 Family is regarded as a powerful force in the lives of Black Americans. Often-times, families function as an agent of socialization that counters racism. At the same time, however, Black families can perpetuate skin tone consciousness and bias, or colorism . Although there is an extensive body of revisionist literature on Black families and a growing body of scholarship on the contemporary nature of colorism, there is a dearth of literature addressing the role of Black families in relation to colorism. This research begins to fill this gap by exploring the influence of Black families in the development and maintenance of a colorist ideology and consciousness among Black women. Results of focus group interviews with 26 Black women indicate that color differences are learned, reinforced, and... Journal of Family Issues journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4689200 Mon, 04 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4689200 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4519340&cid=s_27152_36_f&fid=27152&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjfi.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F32%2F4%2F550%3Frss%3D1 This study examined late-adolescent females’ reports of their fathers’ contributions to their sexual socialization. Four open-ended questions were included in a larger study examining family influences of adolescent sexual risk. Daughters described how their fathers prepared them for sexuality and dating and how they could have done better. A thematic content analysis was conducted. Most daughters reported receiving little sexual information from their fathers but identified unique contributions that their fathers made or could have made to their sexual socialization. Future interventions should assist fathers to increase their comfort with sexual communication, to identify barriers, and to provide skill-building practice to promote abstinence and safer sex behaviors among thei... Journal of Family Issues journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4519340 Thu, 24 Feb 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4519340 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4519339&cid=s_27152_36_f&fid=27152&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjfi.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F32%2F4%2F528%3Frss%3D1 The role of depression in nonresident fathers’ involvement with their infant children is poorly understood. A three-factor model of father involvement was evaluated, and its association with parental relationship quality and depressive symptoms in both parents were tested. Data on 569 families from the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study were used. Confirmatory factor analysis supported a three-factor model of nonresident father involvement, which was then examined in a model consistent with Belsky’s determinants of parenting framework. Noncohabitating mothers and fathers evidenced a significant correlation between their quantitative levels of depression. Relationship quality predicted all factors of father involvement and was negatively associated with depression in either pare... Journal of Family Issues journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4519339 Thu, 24 Feb 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4519339 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4519338&cid=s_27152_36_f&fid=27152&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjfi.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F32%2F4%2F507%3Frss%3D1 In this study, the authors examined the associations between parental divorce, quality of relationships with parents, and dyadic adjustment during transition of 114 couples to parenthood. Data were collected during the third trimester of pregnancy and at 9 months postpartum. As predicted, the authors found that women from divorced families reported more conflict, less support, and less depth in the relationships with their fathers. However, it was the extent to which their relationships with their mothers were characterized by support that predicted women’s adjustment during their first pregnancy. Also as expected, for men, the link between parental divorce and both prenatal dyadic adjustment and residualized change scores of dyadic adjustment over time was mediated by the quality of... Journal of Family Issues journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4519338 Thu, 24 Feb 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4519338 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4519337&cid=s_27152_36_f&fid=27152&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjfi.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F32%2F4%2F482%3Frss%3D1 This article explores how cohabiting partners negotiate relationship progression, focusing on several stages where couples enact gender. Data are from in-depth interviews with 30 working-class couples (n = 60). The women in this sample often challenged conventional gender norms by suggesting that couples move in together or raising the issue of marriage. Men played dominant roles in initiating whether couples became romantically involved and progressed to a more formal status. Although women and men contest how gender is performed, cohabiting men remain privileged in the arena of relationship progression. The findings suggest that adherence to conventional gender practices even among those residing in informal unions perpetuates women’s secondary position in intimate relationships. (... Journal of Family Issues journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4519337 Thu, 24 Feb 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4519337 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4519336&cid=s_27152_36_f&fid=27152&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjfi.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F32%2F4%2F452%3Frss%3D1 This qualitative study explores mother—adult daughter relationships through in-depth, individual interviews with 24 adult daughters and their mothers (N = 48). Using a life-course perspective, the authors examined the kinds of themes that emerged in each woman’s narrative and within each mother— daughter pair. Given the periods of adulthood under study, the authors expected and found themes reflecting complexity and ambivalence within the relationships. Themes related to intimacy and positive relationship qualities included generational continuity, closeness, emotional support, and family norms/values. Themes indicating autonomy and relationship difficulties— generational change, conflict, secrets, and maternal pressures—were also identified. Generational diff... Journal of Family Issues journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4519336 Thu, 24 Feb 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4519336 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4519335&cid=s_27152_36_f&fid=27152&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjfi.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F32%2F4%2F425%3Frss%3D1 This study examines the associations between grandchildren’s (N = 1,170) adult role transitions and their contact with, and closeness to, grandparents, by drawing on data from Waves 2 and 3 of the National Survey of Families and Households. Findings indicate that this relationship is frequently contingent on the nature of the adult role in question, a specific dimension of intergenerational solidarity (i.e., contact vs. closeness), lineage, and grandparent’s gender. The effect of grandchildren’s adult roles on grandparent—grandchild ties may also differ for grandsons and granddaughters. The explanations suggested by relevant theoretical perspectives—the saliency of different roles, the similarity of life experiences between generations, and evaluations of adul... Journal of Family Issues journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4519335 Thu, 24 Feb 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4519335 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4379691&cid=s_27152_36_f&fid=27152&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjfi.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F32%2F3%2F394%3Frss%3D1 This study examines whether high school relationship and marriage education can affect students’ relationship skills and if effects vary between sites having mandated and self-selected course participation. Based on an original data set (n = 222), results show that course exposure can result in a significant, positive change in students’ relationship skills, although only at certain schools and for certain students. Mandated treatment appears to garner better results, those from two-parent families show the most consistent gains in relationship skills across schools, and severely economically disadvantaged school samples appear not to show gains. The importance of these results for practitioners and policy makers is discussed. (Source: Journal of Family Issues) Journal of Family Issues journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4379691 Thu, 20 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4379691 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4379690&cid=s_27152_36_f&fid=27152&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjfi.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F32%2F3%2F369%3Frss%3D1 This study traced mothers’ dependent housing arrangements and entrée to marital or cohabiting relationships from their teens through their procurement of independent housing while entering and maintaining intimate partner unions as adults. Findings indicated that various trigger factors led women out of their natal homes and into expedited cohabitation with romantic partners, which frequently resulted in unstable unions in which mothers had little power and autonomy. As mothers became eligible for housing subsidies they obtained housing independent from their male partners, potentially increasing the propensity for greater relationship power. Housing independence, however, was not without problems. Spillover effects, such as shadowing partners, threatened housing stability, an... Journal of Family Issues journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4379690 Thu, 20 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4379690 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4379689&cid=s_27152_36_f&fid=27152&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjfi.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F32%2F3%2F346%3Frss%3D1 This article examines the association between receiving a child care subsidy and experiencing a child care—related work disruption using two samples and both cross-sectional and longitudinal regression models. Child care—related work disruptions are found to be less likely among subsidy recipients across samples and methods. Program implications and suggestions for future research are discussed. (Source: Journal of Family Issues) Journal of Family Issues journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4379689 Thu, 20 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4379689 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4379688&cid=s_27152_36_f&fid=27152&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjfi.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F32%2F3%2F317%3Frss%3D1 Using an ecological person—process—context model and recent conceptualization of the "employment continuum," this study examines differences in components of work—family balance among individuals in diverse types of jobs ranging from "inadequate" to "optimal." Cross-sectional data from the 1997 National Study of the Changing Workforce (n = 2,877) were used to test differences in work-to-family conflict and enrichment among individuals whose jobs have different constellations of favorable structural and psychosocial attributes. Results suggest jobs enriched with both structural and psychosocial attributes contribute to better work—family balance by reducing conflict and promoting enrichment. Similar patterns occurred regardless of family employment arrangement, but d... Journal of Family Issues journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4379688 Thu, 20 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4379688 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4379687&cid=s_27152_36_f&fid=27152&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjfi.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F32%2F3%2F292%3Frss%3D1 The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of the work—family interface on mothers’ commitment to work and the implications of that work commitment for subsequent employment. The study included a sample of employed partnered mothers who participated in the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Study of Early Child Care and Youth Development, all of whom had given birth at the beginning of the study. Longitudinal analyses were specified to isolate the predictors of change in work commitment during the first 3 years following childbirth. Results indicate that perceived work—family strains were uniquely associated with decreased work commitment whereas perceived work—family gains were uniquely associated with increased work commitment dur... Journal of Family Issues journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4379687 Thu, 20 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4379687 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4379686&cid=s_27152_36_f&fid=27152&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjfi.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F32%2F3%2F269%3Frss%3D1 This study uses data on 898 Dutch couples with minor children to examine whether parental work demands are related differently to one-on-one parent—child, family, and couple leisure activities. The authors presume that the impact of working hours and work arrangements is smaller on activities that are prioritized highly and that are easier and more efficient to organize. A seemingly unrelated regression model and t tests show that the effects of the fathers’ working hours are similar for all types of family leisure. In contrast, for mothers, demanding earner types affect one-on-one mother— child leisure more than family leisure. Mothers may prioritize family leisure because of the high utility of these activities and because this is an efficient way to organize family int... Journal of Family Issues journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4379686 Thu, 20 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4379686 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4315601&cid=s_27152_36_f&fid=27152&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjfi.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F32%2F2%2F237%3Frss%3D1 Using data from the Netherlands Kinship Panel Study (NKPS) and combining a quantitative approach and a qualitative approach (N = 8,148 and n = 43, respectively), this study investigates the mechanisms associated with a lack of acceptance by one’s family. From the total NKPS sample, 12.1% did not feel (entirely) accepted by their family. The authors hypothesized that people may not feel accepted by their family when they are "difficult," for example, by exhibiting personal problems; another reason might be that they are "different," for instance, because they have made nontraditional life course transitions or differ from their parents in educational level or religious preference. Both quantitative and qualitative results confirm the first hypothesis rather than the second. Qualitativ... Journal of Family Issues journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4315601 Wed, 05 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4315601 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4315600&cid=s_27152_36_f&fid=27152&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjfi.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F32%2F2%2F209%3Frss%3D1 Using a framework that emphasizes independent versus interdependent self-construals, this study investigates the relatively low rates of early marriage and cohabitation among Asian Americans compared with Whites. Data from Waves 1 and 3 of Add Health are used to test five hypotheses that focus on family value socialization and other precursors measured in adolescence. Analyses of early marriage indicate that the Asian—White difference is driven primarily by differences in adolescent sexual and romantic relationship experiences and that several measures of family values play a stronger role among Asian Americans than Whites. Asian—White differences in cohabitation persist net of socioeconomic status and other adolescent precursors, but differences are attenuated when parental va... Journal of Family Issues journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4315600 Wed, 05 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4315600 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4315599&cid=s_27152_36_f&fid=27152&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjfi.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F32%2F2%2F181%3Frss%3D1 The question of how to best measure family processes so that longitudinal experiences within the family are accurately captured has become an important issue for family scholars. Using the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Study (N = 2,158), this article focuses on the association between trajectories of perceived supportiveness from biological fathers and mothers’ mental health problems 5 years after a birth. The relationship status between mothers and biological fathers is significantly related to her perceptions of his supportiveness, with married mothers reporting the highest levels of supportiveness followed by mothers in cohabiting unions, romantic non-coresidential unions, and, finally, mothers not in a romantic relationship. Controlling for both time-varying and time-invar... Journal of Family Issues journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4315599 Wed, 05 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4315599 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4315598&cid=s_27152_36_f&fid=27152&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjfi.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F32%2F2%2F157%3Frss%3D1 In this study, the authors examine boys’ household work in low- and moderate-income single-mother families. Through describing the work that boys do, why they do this work, and the meaning that they and their mothers give to this work, they add to the understanding of housework as an arena for gender role reproduction or interruption. Their data reveal that adolescent boys did a significant amount of work and took pride in their competence. Mothers grounded their expectations of boys’ household contributions in life experience. They both needed their sons’ day-to-day contributions and wanted their sons to grow into men who were competent around the house and good partners. In demanding household work from their sons, these single mothers themselves work to undermine the t... Journal of Family Issues journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4315598 Wed, 05 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4315598 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4315597&cid=s_27152_36_f&fid=27152&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjfi.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F32%2F2%2F129%3Frss%3D1 Parents, peers, schools, and the media are the primary contexts for educating young people about sexuality. Yet girls receive more sex education than boys, particularly in terms of menstruation. Lack of attention to how and what boys learn about menstruation has consequences for their private understanding about the biology of reproduction and also for social and cultural ideologies of gendered relationships. In this qualitative study, 23 written narratives from male undergraduates (aged 18-24 years) were analyzed using grounded theory methodology to explore how young men perceive their past and present learning about this uniquely female experience. Findings suggest that most boys first learned about menstruation in their families, primarily through their sisters’ menarche; menstrua... Journal of Family Issues journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4315597 Wed, 05 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4315597 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4255922&cid=s_27152_36_f&fid=27152&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjfi.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F32%2F1%2F127%3Frss%3D1 The current study aimed to examine the implications of posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms and emotional sharing in marital adjustment and parental functioning among Israeli veterans of the 1982 Lebanon War. The sample consisted of combat stress reaction (CSR) veterans (n = 264) and non-CSR veterans (n = 209). Results show that traumatized veterans reported lower levels of marital adjustment and more problems in parental functioning. Furthermore, higher levels of posttraumatic symptoms, especially avoidance symptoms, were related to a decrease in marital adjustment and parental functioning. Most important, emotional sharing was found to moderate the relation between posttraumatic stress disorder severity and parental functioning. Possible explanations, limitations of the current study, ... Journal of Family Issues journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4255922 Mon, 13 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4255922 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4255921&cid=s_27152_36_f&fid=27152&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjfi.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F32%2F1%2F99%3Frss%3D1 Although it has been suggested that engaging in criminal behavior diminishes young adults’ marriageability, few studies have examined the effect of criminal offending on marital timing. This analysis uses longitudinal data from 1,641 respondents to the National Youth Survey to examine this relationship. Discrete-time event-history models show that, among young men, criminal behavior is inversely associated with the risk of marriage, net of established determinants of marital timing. However, rather than reflecting criminal offenders’ reduced value as marriage partners, much of this association is because of offenders’ lesser desire to marry. No association between criminal behavior and marital timing is observed for young women, and racial differences in criminal offendin... Journal of Family Issues journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4255921 Mon, 13 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4255921 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4255920&cid=s_27152_36_f&fid=27152&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjfi.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F32%2F1%2F75%3Frss%3D1 The United States is one of the major baby-receiving countries in the world. Relatively little research has focused on why there is such a high demand for intercountry adoption. Using in-depth qualitative interviews with adoptive parents, the authors explored the reasons why Americans prefer to adopt foreign-born children instead of adopting minority children domestically. Other than infertility reasons, concerns about domestic adoption, and the uneven domestic supply and demand of "desirable" children, the authors’ findings suggested that there was a perception that American children available for adoption presented difficult problems whereas foreign children presented interesting challenges. The "problems" inherent in children from American foster care were confounded with race dif... Journal of Family Issues journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4255920 Mon, 13 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4255920 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4255919&cid=s_27152_36_f&fid=27152&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjfi.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F32%2F1%2F55%3Frss%3D1 The ACT Against Violence Parents Raising Safe Kids program (ACT-PRSK) is an interactive violence prevention program developed by the American Psychological Association for parents of young children. The program teaches and supports parents in the areas of child development, roots and consequences of violence, anger management for adults and children, social problem solving, positive discipline, and the impact of media violence on children. Ninety-two parents/caregivers of young children participated in a study of the effects of the program on parenting behaviors. The first 50 participants were assigned to the intervention group and completed the ACT-PRSK program, and the remaining 42 parents/caregivers served as comparisons. Results indicated reduced spanking and reduced rate of hitting ch... Journal of Family Issues journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4255919 Mon, 13 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4255919 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4255918&cid=s_27152_36_f&fid=27152&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjfi.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F32%2F1%2F31%3Frss%3D1 The authors conducted a content analysis of appellate court foster care cases in which fathers appealed the termination of their parental rights. Applying the Responsible Fathering framework to organize the contextual issues that impede men from responsibly fathering, the authors sought to learn what factors affect decisions regarding the termination of their parental rights. Multiple risk factors emerged including lack of social support, financial resources, and opportunities. Implications for practitioners include attending to father’s mental health, alcohol and/or substance abuse, issues surrounding incarceration, and the coparental relationship. (Source: Journal of Family Issues) Journal of Family Issues journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4255918 Mon, 13 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4255918 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4255917&cid=s_27152_36_f&fid=27152&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjfi.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F32%2F1%2F3%3Frss%3D1 Much is known about how having a teenage mother influences children’s outcomes, but the relationship between teenage fatherhood and children’s health and development is less well documented. Using the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study—Birth Cohort, the authors investigated how teenage fathers matter for children. They expected teenage fathers’ influence on children to differ from adult fathers’ in three domains: the household context, the father— mother relationship, and the father—child relationship. Teenage fathers were less often married and more often cohabiting or nonresident, and their children experienced a variety of social disadvantages in their household contexts. The quality of the father—child relationship did not often differ be... Journal of Family Issues journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4255917 Mon, 13 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4255917 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4129550&cid=s_27152_36_f&fid=27152&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjfi.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F31%2F12%2F1689%3Frss%3D1 Examining how different phases of relationship separation effects the development of suicidal behaviors has been largely ignored in suicide studies. The few studies conducted suggest that individuals experiencing the acute phase of marital/de facto separation may be at greater risk of suicide compared with those experiencing long-term separation (divorce). To clarify the effects of these factors on detection and prevention of suicidal behaviors, a critical review of the English-language literature on this topic from 1966 to 2008 was undertaken. No studies reliably indicate the impacts of acute separation versus long-term divorce on suicidality. Moreover, research has not specifically addressed the interaction between the psychosocial factors influencing suicidal behaviors in the context of... Journal of Family Issues journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4129550 Tue, 02 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4129550 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4129549&cid=s_27152_36_f&fid=27152&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjfi.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F31%2F12%2F1671%3Frss%3D1 This study examines earnings losses associated with motherhood using longitudinal administrative Canadian data. Contrary to the endogenous motherhood hypothesis, the author found no dips in earnings for women during their prechildbirth years. Although the results show that earnings losses incurred by mothers in the year of childbirth and the year thereafter were substantial, it was found that these earnings losses declined over the postchildbirth years, and for mothers who returned to their prechildbirth employers, the earnings recovery process was rapid, indicating that firm-specific human capital might play an important role. (Source: Journal of Family Issues) Journal of Family Issues journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4129549 Tue, 02 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4129549 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4129548&cid=s_27152_36_f&fid=27152&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjfi.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F31%2F12%2F1652%3Frss%3D1 The authors use data from the 2000 Census Public Use Microdata Sample to examine the likelihood of a birth event, defined as the household presence of a child younger than 2 years, for male and female professionals. Physicians have the highest rate of birth events, followed in order by attorneys and academics. Within each profession men have more birth events than women. For men, occupational variation in birth events can be explained by marital status, income, and spousal employment. These factors only partially account for occupational differences in birth events for women. (Source: Journal of Family Issues) Journal of Family Issues journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4129548 Tue, 02 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4129548 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4129547&cid=s_27152_36_f&fid=27152&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjfi.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F31%2F12%2F1622%3Frss%3D1 Having a child is a major determinant of geographic mobility. Little is known, however, about the opposite process—whether geographic mobility is a determinant of fertility. Drawing on social and human capital theories and research on fertility and migration to develop competing hypotheses, the author examines the effects of mobility on changes in birth intentions among married couples. The data are from a U.S. national sample of married couples interviewed five times between 1980 and 1997, with a final sample size of 3,953 person records. Results from multinomial logistic regression equations that control for clustering show conclusively that both short- and long-distance moves increase the odds that couples change their birth intentions, although in both positive and negative direc... Journal of Family Issues journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4129547 Tue, 02 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4129547 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4129546&cid=s_27152_36_f&fid=27152&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjfi.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F31%2F12%2F1604%3Frss%3D1 This study tested the hypothesized pathways from parents’ marital quality to Korean adolescents’ school adjustment through the perception of self and parent—child relations. Based on previous literature and two major family theories, the authors hypothesized a path model to explain the process of how parents’ marital quality influenced school adjustment through child’s self-esteem and parent—child communication. The path model analysis was used with 578 Korean adolescent students in academic high schools. The results showed that Korean youth were likely to better adjust to a school setting as they perceived that their parents had a good marital relationship. The interparental relationship directly affected school adjustment but not psychological adjustme... Journal of Family Issues journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4129546 Tue, 02 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4129546 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4129545&cid=s_27152_36_f&fid=27152&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjfi.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F31%2F12%2F1579%3Frss%3D1 This article contributes an understanding of the family contexts under which this model of investment does and does not apply. Through an analysis of 45 in-depth interviews conducted by the author, a family culture of investment model is developed that identifies parental gender beliefs and valuation of education as key factors shaping parental investments in prewar cohort groups. The findings from this research have implications for our understanding of international variation in the gender equity of educational attainment. (Source: Journal of Family Issues) Journal of Family Issues journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4129545 Tue, 02 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4129545 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4129544&cid=s_27152_36_f&fid=27152&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjfi.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F31%2F12%2F1575%3Frss%3D1 (No abstract is available for this citation) (Source: Journal of Family Issues) Journal of Family Issues journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4129544 Tue, 02 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4129544 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4008512&cid=s_27152_36_f&fid=27152&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjfi.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F31%2F11%2F1555%3Frss%3D1 Gender of the alcohol-abusing parent was examined in relation to general and romantic attachment (as measured by the Experiences in Close Relationships—Revised and the Relationship Scales Questionnaire) in female adult children of alcoholics (ACOAs; as indicated by the Children of Alcoholics Screening Test) as compared to non-ACOAs. As compared to non-ACOAs, ACOAs reported more anxious and avoidant behaviors in their romantic relationships. Female participants who suspected their mother of alcohol abuse reported significantly greater avoidance within romantic relationships as compared to those who suspected neither parent of having an alcohol problem. No differences emerged in relation to general attachment. (Source: Journal of Family Issues) Journal of Family Issues journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4008512 Mon, 27 Sep 2010 20:32:48 +0100 4008512 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4008511&cid=s_27152_36_f&fid=27152&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjfi.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F31%2F11%2F1530%3Frss%3D1 This narrative and quantitative review synthesizes findings from 55 (N = 54,550) studies on the association between providing support to elderly parents and well-being of adult children as well as well-being of parents, in an endeavor to determine the prevailing direction of effects, magnitude of effects, and possible factors that may moderate these effects. The relation between caring for an elderly parent and well-being and/or caregiver burden in adult children was found to be insubstantial. Likewise, being cared for by adult children was found to be weakly related to well-being in elderly parents. More complex models including psychological aspects of caring; aspects of the intergenerational relationship, such as quality; and the inclusion of both the adult child’s and the parent&... Journal of Family Issues journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4008511 Mon, 27 Sep 2010 20:32:48 +0100 4008511 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4008510&cid=s_27152_36_f&fid=27152&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjfi.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F31%2F11%2F1507%3Frss%3D1 This article uses three waves of data from the Household, Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia (HILDA) survey to examine changes in men’s and women’s time spent on housework as they transition into marriage. The results show that men’s housework hours remain stable regardless of life course pathway, and for women there is only minimal evidence that different pathways into marriage lead to different housework outcomes. The article concludes that the gender division of labor is developed well before the formation of a union and that the pathway to marriage has a relatively small effect on housework patterns after marriage. (Source: Journal of Family Issues) Journal of Family Issues journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4008510 Mon, 27 Sep 2010 20:32:48 +0100 4008510 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4008509&cid=s_27152_36_f&fid=27152&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjfi.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F31%2F11%2F1481%3Frss%3D1 Changing perceptions of childlessness have been documented in the United States, but little is known about perceptions in developing countries undergoing rapid social changes and globalization, including Turkey. This project uses a survey and hypothetical vignettes about childless couples and parents to assess university students’ perceptions of childlessness (N = 850). The authors find that parents are rated higher on interpersonal warmth and marital relationship quality, but mothers are seen as more stressed. Childless men and women are perceived as more driven but also as more emotionally troubled. The results indicate the continued importance of parenthood among Turkish students but also an understanding of women’s stresses in combining work and motherhood. The authors find... Journal of Family Issues journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4008509 Mon, 27 Sep 2010 20:32:48 +0100 4008509 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4008508&cid=s_27152_36_f&fid=27152&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjfi.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F31%2F11%2F1465%3Frss%3D1 The goals of the current study were to (a) replicate the factor structure of the Perceptions of Dating Infidelity Scale (PDIS) with a sample of older adults, (b) examine whether religiosity and relational variables (e.g., satisfaction, commitment) were correlates of perceptions of infidelity, and (c) examine unique predictors of ratings of infidelity. As expected, three factors emerged from the PDIS: Ambiguous, Deceptive, and Explicit Behaviors. Satisfaction, quality of alternatives, and religiosity were correlated with ratings on the Ambiguous Behaviors factor. Furthermore, ratings on the Ambiguous Behaviors factor were uniquely predicted by satisfaction and religiosity. (Source: Journal of Family Issues) Journal of Family Issues journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4008508 Mon, 27 Sep 2010 20:32:48 +0100 4008508 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4008507&cid=s_27152_36_f&fid=27152&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjfi.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F31%2F11%2F1442%3Frss%3D1 This article reports the development of the Faith Activities In The Home Scale (FAITHS). The initial FAITHS measure was improved on and expanded by using qualitative data of two separate samples and then empirically tested on three separate samples. Study 1 comprised two samples totaling 57 highly religious families from New England and California that represented the three major Abrahamic faiths (Christianity, Judaism, and Islam) and focused on item development. Qualitative data were used to expand the breadth of survey items and to verify that religious families participate in the activities presented in the scale. The objective of Study 2 was to examine the FAITHS’s reliability and validity using three samples of college students from a Southeastern university. The FAITHS demonstr... Journal of Family Issues journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4008507 Mon, 27 Sep 2010 20:32:48 +0100 4008507 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4008506&cid=s_27152_36_f&fid=27152&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjfi.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F31%2F11%2F1419%3Frss%3D1 Drawing on 20 qualitative family interviews with mothers, fathers, and adolescents (aged 16 to 19 years), this study explores the time choices of parents and adolescents. Adolescents and their parents talk about having varying degrees of control over their time in response to external demands. They identify that they initiate time together and apart from each other to meet specific individual and relational needs. Time choices are made within the context of a future-orientation and shifting hierarchy in the relationship. Exercising personal agency with respect to time appears to serve as a means of enhancing individual development for both parents and adolescents, as well as influencing relationship change. A model of dialogic interaction, emergent meaning making, and a context of dialecti... Journal of Family Issues journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4008506 Mon, 27 Sep 2010 20:32:48 +0100 4008506 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3926888&cid=s_27152_36_f&fid=27152&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjfi.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F31%2F10%2F1391%3Frss%3D1 Using data from a 2007 U.S. survey of workers, this article examines the implications of schedule control for work—family role blurring and work—family conflict. Four main findings indicate that (a) schedule control is associated with more frequent working at home and work—family multitasking activities; (b) the positive association between schedule control and multitasking suppresses the negative association between schedule control and work— family conflict; (c) the positive association between working at home and multitasking is weaker among individuals with greater schedule control; and (d) the positive association between work—family multitasking and work— family conflict is weaker among individuals with greater schedule control. Our findings reveal... Journal of Family Issues journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3926888 Thu, 02 Sep 2010 20:19:48 +0100 3926888 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3926887&cid=s_27152_36_f&fid=27152&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjfi.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F31%2F10%2F1363%3Frss%3D1 This study examines gender differences in the work—family interface across six family life stages using a global sample of IBM employees in 79 countries (N = 41,813). Family life stage was constructed using the age of respondent and age of youngest child. Results revealed that having young children at home was the critical catalyst for gender differences in the work—family interface. The greatest gender differences were found in the central stages of life when children require more temporal and economic resources from their parents. When life stage was not considered, the first and last stages tended to offset each other, concealing major gender differences during the central stages of family life. These findings signify that life stage is an important concept to consider in re... Journal of Family Issues journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3926887 Thu, 02 Sep 2010 20:19:48 +0100 3926887 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3926886&cid=s_27152_36_f&fid=27152&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjfi.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F31%2F10%2F1324%3Frss%3D1 We study to what extent adjustments in labor market participation, defined as employment entry and exit, and as increases and reductions of weekly working hours, depend on resources of the partner. Moreover, we investigate whether the influence of the partner depends on historical period, human capital, and children. We are especially interested in the economic-based hypothesis that people are more likely to reduce working hours when their partners have more resources. We use retrospective information on labor market careers of 5,685 respondents and their (ex-)partners (Family Surveys of the Dutch Population 1998-2003). Our results provide little support for the economic hypothesis, and we suggest that family formation and cultural factors are more important predictors for male and female ... Journal of Family Issues journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3926886 Thu, 02 Sep 2010 20:19:48 +0100 3926886 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3926885&cid=s_27152_36_f&fid=27152&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjfi.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F31%2F10%2F1305%3Frss%3D1 Using longitudinal data covering 25 years from 1979 to 2004, the author examines the relationship between wives’ economic resources and the risk of marital dissolution. The author considers the effects of labor force participation, income, and relative income while accounting for potential endogeneity of wives’ economic resources. The extent to which wives’ economic resources are differentially related to marital disruption for Whites and Blacks is also ascertained. The author finds that the economic resources of women are tightly linked to the risk of divorce, both negatively and positively, for Whites but not for Blacks. (Source: Journal of Family Issues) Journal of Family Issues journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3926885 Thu, 02 Sep 2010 20:19:48 +0100 3926885 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3926884&cid=s_27152_36_f&fid=27152&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjfi.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F31%2F10%2F1279%3Frss%3D1 This study examines religious differences in attitudes toward divorce laws among U.S. adults. Using pooled data from the 2000-2006 NORC General Social Surveys (N = 5,683), we find that frequency of religious attendance and belief that the Bible is the Word of God are strong predictors of support for stricter laws governing divorce. Indeed, these religious indicators are much more important than conservative affiliation. Conversely, more secular individuals, that is, those who do not attend religious services and consider the Bible only a book of fables and moral teachings, are substantially less supportive of tightening existing divorce laws. Understanding the role of religion in shaping Americans’ attitudes toward divorce laws can illuminate the scope and boundaries of connections b... Journal of Family Issues journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3926884 Thu, 02 Sep 2010 20:19:48 +0100 3926884 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3926883&cid=s_27152_36_f&fid=27152&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjfi.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F31%2F10%2F1255%3Frss%3D1 Theory suggests that relationship inequity will be associated with less marital and personal distress among the more religious, and that this interaction effect will be stronger for women than men. Data are from 178 married couples experiencing the third trimester of pregnancy of their first biological child. Five outcome variables were assessed for each spouse: marital satisfaction, love, marital conflict, depression, and anxiety. Consistent with equity theory, perceived relative advantage was related in a nonmonotonic fashion to all outcomes, with increasing advantage predicting better outcomes up to the equity point, but worse outcomes afterwards. Sanctification of marriage appeared to be a more important moderator of inequity effects than general religiousness. In particular, relative ... Journal of Family Issues journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3926883 Thu, 02 Sep 2010 20:19:48 +0100 3926883 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3829869&cid=s_27152_36_f&fid=27152&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjfi.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F31%2F9%2F1230%3Frss%3D1 African Americans are disproportionately represented among patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). ESRD is managed with a strict routine that might include regular dialysis as well as dietary, fluid intake, and other lifestyle changes. In a disease such as this, with such disruptive treatment modalities, marriage, specifically, and its ties to well-being have the potential to significantly affect adherence to medical treatment and lifestyle recommendations as well as downstream health outcomes such as disease progression and mortality. The authors used data from the Dialysis Morbidity and Mortality Study, Wave 2, of the U.S. Renal Data System Database, a prospective study of 4,000 ESRD patients selected from a random sample of 25% U.S. dialysis facilities, to investigate these resear... Journal of Family Issues journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3829869 Fri, 06 Aug 2010 18:06:37 +0100 3829869 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3829868&cid=s_27152_36_f&fid=27152&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjfi.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F31%2F9%2F1211%3Frss%3D1 Heart disease is the leading cause of death in the United States, and African Americans disproportionately experience more cardiovascular disease, including coronary heart disease (CHD), hypertension, and diabetes. The literature documents a complex relationship between marital status and health, which varies by gender. We prospectively examine the relationship between African American men’s and women’s marital status and their risk of developing cardiovascular diseases and dying using the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) data. After multivariable adjustment for individual characteristics and health status, we found that marital status was not associated with hypertension or new cases of CHD, but remaining single throughout the study period was associated with an incr... Journal of Family Issues journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3829868 Fri, 06 Aug 2010 18:06:37 +0100 3829868 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3829867&cid=s_27152_36_f&fid=27152&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjfi.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F31%2F9%2F1183%3Frss%3D1 This article uses data from the Fragile Families and Child Well-being Survey to examine the association between transitioning to marriage and general health status or serious health problems among low-income men. Beginning with a sample of 3,631 unmarried fathers, the study observes the relationship between their transitions to marriage within 3 years after the birth of their child and their health status 5 years postbirth. The authors also explore if unmarried fathers benefit from marrying mothers who have health insurance. Results indicate that transitions to marriage and transitions to marriage with mothers who have health insurance, are associated with fewer serious health problems. The authors did not observe a significant relationship between transitioning to marriage and general hea... Journal of Family Issues journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3829867 Fri, 06 Aug 2010 18:06:37 +0100 3829867 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3829866&cid=s_27152_36_f&fid=27152&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjfi.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F31%2F9%2F1166%3Frss%3D1 Does marriage have a causal impact on weight and the likelihood of becoming obese? Marriage is thought to have a protective influence on both men’s and women’s health, although via different mechanisms. Evidence in regard to marriage affecting body mass index (BMI) and the propensity to become obese, however, is mixed and often based on limited data. Even less clear is whether the effect varies by race and gender. In this article, the author uses the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth (1979), which has followed individuals for more than 20 years, and uses methods aimed at netting out selection bias to show that marriage is associated with a modest increase in BMI for all race and gender groups. Additionally, marriage is associated with an increase in the likelihood for becom... Journal of Family Issues journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3829866 Fri, 06 Aug 2010 18:06:37 +0100 3829866 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3829865&cid=s_27152_36_f&fid=27152&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjfi.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F31%2F9%2F1147%3Frss%3D1 This article assesses the relationship between low marriage rates and racial disparities in sexually transmitted infection (STI) rates. Data from the 2002 National Survey of Family Growth was used to examine the prevalence of sexual risk behaviors by marital status. Logistic regression was used to examine whether racial differences in marriage patterns help account for racial disparities in STI rates. Results indicate that the 12-month prevalence of multiple partners and high-risk partnerships was lowest among currently married, intermediate among cohabiting, and highest among formerly and never-married respondents. Of all racial/ethnic groups, African Americans were least likely to be married. In multiple logistic analyses adjustment for marriage attenuated the association between race an... Journal of Family Issues journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3829865 Fri, 06 Aug 2010 18:06:37 +0100 3829865 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3716772&cid=s_27152_36_f&fid=27152&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjfi.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F31%2F8%2F1106%3Frss%3D1 This article explores the relationships among early marriage (before age 26 years), cohabitation, and health for African Americans and Whites during the transition to adulthood using the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (Add Health). The study examines three categories of health outcomes relevant to young adulthood: physical health, mental health, and health risk behaviors. Lagged dependent variable models are used to examine the health effects of early marriage and cohabitation accounting for potential health selection into unions. The results indicate that early marriage by young adults does not have protective effects for African Americans; the authors also find more negative effects for African American men than for women. There are mixed results for Whites with some pr... Journal of Family Issues journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3716772 Thu, 01 Jul 2010 15:39:26 +0100 3716772 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3716771&cid=s_27152_36_f&fid=27152&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjfi.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F31%2F8%2F1081%3Frss%3D1 This study examines relationships among financial strain, unfair treatment, and martial satisfaction among African Americans. Using data from the National Survey of American Life, findings indicated that social stressors that occur inside of the home (i.e., financial strain) as well as those experienced outside of the home (i.e., unfair treatment) have negative consequences for marital quality and psychological distress. Furthermore, the combination of experiencing unfair treatment and financial strain has particularly deleterious mental health consequences for married African Americans. Results also highlight the protective effect of marital satisfaction on psychological distress as well as its potential to buffer the negative effects of unfair treatment and financial strain on psychologi... Journal of Family Issues journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3716771 Thu, 01 Jul 2010 15:39:26 +0100 3716771 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3716770&cid=s_27152_36_f&fid=27152&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjfi.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F31%2F8%2F1065%3Frss%3D1 This study aims to address the following three questions: Does childhood with married patients lead to better health and well-being during adolescence? Does childhood with married patients lead to better health and well-being in young adulthood? Do the health effects of childhood with married patients differ for male and female? The authors found modest direct effects of childhood exposure to marriage on health for females. Having at least some childhood marriage exposure was also associated with several positive health behaviors. There is modest evidence that marriage bestows health benefits for children and that these benefits endure into young adulthood. (Source: Journal of Family Issues) Journal of Family Issues journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3716770 Thu, 01 Jul 2010 15:39:26 +0100 3716770 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3716769&cid=s_27152_36_f&fid=27152&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjfi.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F31%2F8%2F1041%3Frss%3D1 This study used data from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID) on two generations of African American women who gave birth from 1967 to 2005 to describe changing relationships between marital status and low birth weight (LBW) across the generations. An increasing protection of marriage on infant LBW across the two generations was found after adjusting for socioeconomic and demographic confounding factors via (a) logistic regression using generalized estimating equations, (b) propensity score analyses taking into account the differential distribution of confounders across the generations, and (c) sensitivity analyses that adjusted for childhood health of the mother prior to marriage. Intergenerational findings also suggest that marriage across generations was most protective against in... Journal of Family Issues journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3716769 Thu, 01 Jul 2010 15:39:25 +0100 3716769 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3716768&cid=s_27152_36_f&fid=27152&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjfi.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F31%2F8%2F1019%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Family Issues) Journal of Family Issues journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3716768 Thu, 01 Jul 2010 15:39:25 +0100 3716768 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3605861&cid=s_27152_36_f&fid=27152&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjfi.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F31%2F7%2F992%3Frss%3D1 With people living longer and more mothers working, there is some evidence that grandparents are more involved in rearing the next generation. Although there is research in the United Kingdom on kinship care, there is no national research on the extent of grandparent involvement from the perspective of young people. This, the first national survey of 1,478 adolescents in England and Wales, demonstrates the very considerable amount of informal care given by grandparents to adolescents.The findings showed that factors in the wider ecology of children, their parents, grandparents, and the community influenced grandparent—grandchild involvement. In particular, more regular contact and stronger grandparent/grandchild closeness, greater parental encouragement to visit grandparents, better ... Journal of Family Issues journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3605861 Thu, 27 May 2010 23:44:27 +0100 3605861 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3605860&cid=s_27152_36_f&fid=27152&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjfi.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F31%2F7%2F960%3Frss%3D1 This article discusses how these strategies demonstrate the unsettled and often contradictory cultural field of gay and lesbian identity in the family and its implications for sexual identities beyond the closet. (Source: Journal of Family Issues) Journal of Family Issues journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3605860 Thu, 27 May 2010 23:44:27 +0100 3605860 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3605859&cid=s_27152_36_f&fid=27152&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjfi.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F31%2F7%2F934%3Frss%3D1 Using a subsample ( N = 1,365,145) of the 2000 Census 5% Public Use Microdata Sample, the authors investigate explanations for differing poverty chances of cohabiting gay and lesbian, and married and cohabiting heterosexual families. Gay and lesbian couples fare worse than married couples, but better economically than cohabiting heterosexuals. Lesbian and gay families are older and more educated than cohabiting heterosexual families, and these differences explain the largest portion of differences in poverty rates. Greater educational attainment and labor force participation are better explanations than age for differences between married families and their gay and lesbian counterparts. These results add to recent research pointing to variations in the economic circumstances of different f... Journal of Family Issues journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3605859 Thu, 27 May 2010 23:44:27 +0100 3605859 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3605858&cid=s_27152_36_f&fid=27152&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjfi.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F31%2F7%2F906%3Frss%3D1 Research on nonmarital fertility has focused almost exclusively on unmarried mothers, due in part to a lack of fertility information for men. Cycle 6 of the National Survey of Family Growth allows exploration of nonmarital fertility for both genders.The authors compare the characteristics of unmarried first-time mothers (n = 2,455) and fathers (n = 797), use event history techniques to model second-birth hazards, and examine the distribution of men’s and women’s second births across types of relationships. The authors’ analysis is motivated by questions about how selection into nonmarital fertility relates to subsequent fertility behavior and by theories of mate selection and the "relationship" market. The authors found that unmarried mothers are more likely to have a sec... Journal of Family Issues journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3605858 Thu, 27 May 2010 23:44:27 +0100 3605858 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3605857&cid=s_27152_36_f&fid=27152&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjfi.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F31%2F7%2F884%3Frss%3D1 This study used data from 75 adolescent mothers to examine relations among adolescent mothers’ attachment avoidance and anxiety, their ability to trust their child’s father, and their perceptions of the quality of their coparenting relationship with their child’s father. Results suggest that mothers with lower avoidance had more trust for their child’s father and also had coparenting relationships characterized by less conflict and a stronger parenting alliance. Moreover, trust mediated the associations between mother’s avoidance and coparenting quality. In contrast, mothers’ attachment anxiety was not associated with trust for their child’s father or their perceptions of coparenting relationship quality. This study provides evidence that adolescen... Journal of Family Issues journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3605857 Thu, 27 May 2010 23:44:27 +0100 3605857 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3605856&cid=s_27152_36_f&fid=27152&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjfi.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F31%2F7%2F859%3Frss%3D1 Using multilevel models of data from the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study—Kindergarten Cohort (N = 20,356), the authors find that parental involvement in education partially mediates the association between family poverty and children’s math and reading achievement in kindergarten, but differences exist across race. In Asian families, poor and nonpoor children have similar levels of achievement. Poverty is not related to Black children’s participation in organized activities, but these activities are not associated with Black children’s achievement. Home-learning activities predict reading achievement in Hispanic families only. The findings provide support for application of the family process model to educational outcomes during the transition to elementary schoo... Journal of Family Issues journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3605856 Thu, 27 May 2010 23:44:27 +0100 3605856 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3521644&cid=s_27152_36_f&fid=27152&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjfi.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F31%2F6%2F830%3Frss%3D1 This article explores whether payment issues or presence of dowry demand in marriage reflecting patriarchal attitude of marital family underlies the positive relationship between dowry and wife abuse using a sample of reproductive-age women (N = 2,702) from a population-based survey conducted in urban and rural Bangladesh in 2001. Regression results show that absence of dowry demand in marriage lowered the likelihood of physical wife abuse in the rural site and its frequency and severity in both sites compared with marriages where dowry was demanded and fully paid. The results suggest that in general, dowry demand predicts the extent, frequency, and severity of physical wife abuse regardless of the status of dowry payment. No payment of dowry increased the likelihood of abuse, its frequenc... Journal of Family Issues journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3521644 Fri, 30 Apr 2010 15:46:54 +0100 3521644 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3521643&cid=s_27152_36_f&fid=27152&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjfi.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F31%2F6%2F808%3Frss%3D1 Sibling abuse has been studied much less extensively than other forms of family violence in the United States; moreover, research on how sibling abuse is viewed in different ethnic-minority groups has been rare. Convenience samples of Native American (n = 25), Latino/Hispanic (n = 45), African American (n = 30), European American (n = 78), Asian Pacific American (n = 31), and South Asian American (n = 29) participants responded to an open-ended survey requesting examples of extreme, moderate, and mild sibling abuse. Asian Pacific Americans listed proportionately more instances of physical aggression in their examples of mild abuse and of psychological aggression in their examples of severe abuse—an inverse of the pattern in the other groups. South Asian Americans mentioned beating an... Journal of Family Issues journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3521643 Fri, 30 Apr 2010 15:46:54 +0100 3521643 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3521642&cid=s_27152_36_f&fid=27152&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjfi.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F31%2F6%2F778%3Frss%3D1 Research on immigrants often points to the family as a source of support and a location for oppression. Using in-depth interviews with 38 first-generation immigrant Indians, this study adds to this literature by exploring families as sites of identity work where first-generation immigrants manage their gendered ethnic identities. Relocation into a new culture makes ethnic identity salient for the migrants, and they perform identity work to maintain this identity. However, because these identities are simultaneously gendered, enacting these reinforces gender hierarchies within families. Even though migration alters family structures, and especially family roles and responsibilities, individuals retain altered aspects of their roles that reinforce gender and ethnic identity. This identity wo... Journal of Family Issues journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3521642 Fri, 30 Apr 2010 15:46:54 +0100 3521642 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3521641&cid=s_27152_36_f&fid=27152&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjfi.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F31%2F6%2F748%3Frss%3D1 We present four cases with distinct dynamics to suggest that future research needs to consider that (a) husbands’ older age does not automatically translate into male dominance and rigid gender arrangements; (b) when combined with additional forms of heterogamy, such as racial status, social class, occupational prestige, and education, age heterogamy is likely to be associated with male dominance; (c) men can experience a shift toward more marital sharing and androgyny upon remarriage to a younger woman; and (d) gender arrangements in husband-older marriages can undergo major shifts across the life course. (Source: Journal of Family Issues) Journal of Family Issues journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3521641 Fri, 30 Apr 2010 15:46:54 +0100 3521641 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3521640&cid=s_27152_36_f&fid=27152&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjfi.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F31%2F6%2F727%3Frss%3D1 This article presents a typology of enduring marriages of Israeli couples married for at least 40 years. Based on the view that marital quality is a multidimensional phenomenon, the typology is derived from a cluster analysis of responses of husbands and wives in 51 couples to the ENRICH scale items. Three types of enduring marriages were found: vitalized, satisfactory, and conflictual. Vitalized marriages were characterized by high scores on both the intrinsic (e.g., mutual acceptance, communication, conflict resolution) and extrinsic (e.g., financial management, relations with relatives and friends) aspects of marriage. Satisfactory marriages were characterized by lower scores on the intrinsic aspects but relatively high scores on the extrinsic ones. Conflictual marriages were characteri... Journal of Family Issues journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3521640 Fri, 30 Apr 2010 15:46:54 +0100 3521640 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3521639&cid=s_27152_36_f&fid=27152&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjfi.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F31%2F6%2F707%3Frss%3D1 Although arranged marriage has survived in India, the custom is increasingly challenged by the current influx of new commodities, media, and ideas. Interviews with 15 male and 15 female unmarried professionals, age 22 to 29, in Vadodara, Gujarat, showed that educated youth have moved beyond the conventional love-versus-arranged marriage dichotomy. They instead focus on achieving specific goals: intimacy, equality, and personal choice, along with supernatural support, growing into love, and brides joining husbands’ families. To achieve these aims, they use both systems: separately, simultaneously, and in creative combinations. The theories of Arjun Appadurai explain that as the Western-inspired ideoscape of romantic love encounters Indian family values, Indian upper-middle-class youth... Journal of Family Issues journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3521639 Fri, 30 Apr 2010 15:46:54 +0100 3521639 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3410057&cid=s_27152_36_f&fid=27152&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjfi.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F31%2F5%2F681%3Frss%3D1 We explore women’s marital naming choices using the 2004 American Community Survey (ACS). Six percent of native-born married women have nonconventional surnames. Nonconventional surnames include hyphenated surnames, two surnames, and women who kept their own surname at marriage. Characteristics associated with nonconventional surname use include younger age, being other than White non-Hispanic, a large age difference between spouses, and higher educational attainment. Women with a master’s degree have odds of using a nonconventional surname that are 2.8 times higher than those who have less than a bachelor’s degree, whereas women with a professional degree have odds that are 5.0 times higher, and women with a doctorate have odds 9.8 times those with less than a bachelor&r... Journal of Family Issues journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3410057 Fri, 26 Mar 2010 21:02:50 +0100 3410057 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3410056&cid=s_27152_36_f&fid=27152&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjfi.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F31%2F5%2F656%3Frss%3D1 This study examines how industry and occupation sex segregation are related to the use of flexible scheduling policies and perceptions of the career repercussions of using such policies. The analysis is performed on data from the 2002 National Study of the Changing Workforce (N = 2,810). Findings suggest that the percentage of women per industry and occupation increase the likelihood of using flexible scheduling; however, the effect is not cumulative. The results show that organization family support interacts with gender and the sex composition of the industry in predicting use of flexible scheduling. Furthermore, the findings indicate that the relationship between the extent of sex segregation and perceptions of the career repercussions of using policies is complicated with a three-way i... Journal of Family Issues journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3410056 Fri, 26 Mar 2010 21:02:50 +0100 3410056 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3410055&cid=s_27152_36_f&fid=27152&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjfi.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F31%2F5%2F626%3Frss%3D1 Using conservation of resources theory, this study examines the role of resources in the relationship between work-induced family separation and workers’ intentions to leave their employment and how these relationships vary across ethnic groups. Analyses of a large representative sample of military members reveal that family separation is significantly related to intent to leave the military and that this relationship is partially mediated by resources for all ethnic groups. Work- and family-related resources are the most strongly related to both separation and turnover for all ethnic groups, but significant ethnic variations are found for most paths in the model. Results are discussed in terms of applications inside and outside the military and potential implications for conservatio... Journal of Family Issues journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3410055 Fri, 26 Mar 2010 21:02:50 +0100 3410055 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3410054&cid=s_27152_36_f&fid=27152&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjfi.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F31%2F5%2F606%3Frss%3D1 Most employed parents, many in dual-earner couples, are at work when their children get out of school, generating parental concerns about children’s welfare after school. Parental concerns are hypothesized to be related to respondent and partner work hours, respondent schedule control, and child’s unsupervised time and to give rise to job disruptions. The authors examine these links and the moderating effect of parent gender in a sample of 936 parents (310 men, 626 women) in full-time employed dual-earner couples with a school-aged (K-12) child. Parents’ long work hours, lack of schedule control, and children’s time unsupervised after school predicted high parental concerns, and parental concerns, in turn, predicted job disruptions. With one exception, results did n... Journal of Family Issues journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3410054 Fri, 26 Mar 2010 21:02:50 +0100 3410054 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3410053&cid=s_27152_36_f&fid=27152&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjfi.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F31%2F5%2F585%3Frss%3D1 This study uses data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health to examine combinations of father residence and closeness, which have received minimal examination but involve significant numbers of children. The findings lead to a number of conclusions. First, adolescents who are close to their nonresident fathers report higher self-esteem, less delinquency, and fewer depressive symptoms than adolescents who live with a father with whom they are not close. Second, adolescents living with a father with whom they are not close have better grades and engage in and less substance use than those having a nonresident father who is not close. At the same time, however, not being close to a resident father is associated with lower self-esteem compared to having a nonresident father ... Journal of Family Issues journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3410053 Fri, 26 Mar 2010 21:02:50 +0100 3410053 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3410052&cid=s_27152_36_f&fid=27152&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjfi.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F31%2F5%2F559%3Frss%3D1 This study analyzes the effects of human, social, and financial capital on children’s home environments in the United States and Great Britain by comparing a sample of 5- to 13-year-old children from the United States with a similar sample from Britain. In both countries, the authors find weaker home environments for boys, minority children, and those with more siblings. Parental education and maternal cognitive ability are linked to stronger home environments. The effects of family structure, maternal school track, grandparents’ education, and paternal work vary by society. The authors conclude that parents are important in both societies and that evidence for the notion that the more developed welfare state in Britain may substitute for capital at home in promoting children&r... Journal of Family Issues journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3410052 Fri, 26 Mar 2010 21:02:50 +0100 3410052 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3320532&cid=s_27152_36_f&fid=27152&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjfi.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F31%2F4%2F525%3Frss%3D1 This study uses a sample of 2,139 resident biological fathers from the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing surveys (baseline and 12-month follow-up), to examine whether paternal aggravation and stress in parenting is associated with father engagement and coparenting and whether this association differs by father’s socioeconomic status. Results of Ordinary Least Squares regression models indicate that paternal aggravation and stress in parenting is significantly associated with lower levels of father engagement and with less supportive coparenting relationships (controlling for mothers’ aggravation and stress in parenting). Findings also indicate a more negative association between paternal aggravation/stress in parenting and father engagement and coparenting for fathers with h... Journal of Family Issues journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3320532 Mon, 01 Mar 2010 17:57:17 +0100 3320532 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3320531&cid=s_27152_36_f&fid=27152&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjfi.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F31%2F4%2F499%3Frss%3D1 Using longitudinal data from the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing survey (N = 4,211), this study examines neighborhood disadvantage and perceptions of instrumental support among mothers with young children. The authors find that (a) living in a disadvantaged neighborhood is associated with less instrumental support, particularly financial assistance, from family and friends; (b) residential stability is associated with stronger personal safety nets irrespective of neighborhood quality; and (c) mothers who move to a more disadvantaged neighborhood experience a small but significant decline in perceived instrumental support compared with those who do not move. In interpreting these results, the authors suggest instrumental support may be either a cause or consequence of living in an adva... Journal of Family Issues journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3320531 Mon, 01 Mar 2010 17:57:17 +0100 3320531 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3320530&cid=s_27152_36_f&fid=27152&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjfi.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F31%2F4%2F475%3Frss%3D1 This article investigates levels of generalized distrust of men among low-income non-Hispanic African American, Mexican, Puerto Rican, Dominican and non-Hispanic White women in a three-city survey. The results reveal substantial variation. Hispanics’ overall levels of distrust are found to be higher than levels for either African Americans or Whites. Among Hispanics, however, Dominicans are the most distrusting group followed by Puerto Ricans, whereas Mexicans report levels of distrust that are comparable to those of non-Hispanic African Americans and non-Hispanic Whites. Married women are less distrusting than cohabiting women, who in turn are less distrusting than noncohabiting women. Nevertheless, distrust is not a significant predictor of a woman’s total number of lifetime ... Journal of Family Issues journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3320530 Mon, 01 Mar 2010 17:57:17 +0100 3320530 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3320529&cid=s_27152_36_f&fid=27152&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjfi.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F31%2F4%2F445%3Frss%3D1 Using data from Waves I and III of Add Health, this study examines early family formation among 6,144 White, Black, and Mexican American women. Drawing on cultural and structural perspectives, models of the first and second family transitions (cohabitation, marriage, or childbearing) are estimated using discrete-time multinomial logistic regression. Complex differences by race and ethnicity and generation are partially explained by differences in attitudes and values in adolescence and family socioeconomic status; marriage values are especially important in first-generation Mexican women’s early entry into marriage. Examination of sequential family transitions sheds light on racial and ethnic differences in the meaning and consequences of early cohabitation and pre-union births. (Sou... Journal of Family Issues journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3320529 Mon, 01 Mar 2010 17:57:17 +0100 3320529 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3320528&cid=s_27152_36_f&fid=27152&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjfi.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F31%2F4%2F423%3Frss%3D1 This investigation identifies unique risk and protective factors for internalizing and externalizing problems among 8- to 12-year-old, low-income, African American children and tests cumulative risk and protective models. A total of 152 mother—child dyads complete questionnaires. Receipt of food stamps, mother’s distress, and child maltreatment increase children’s risk for internalizing and externalizing problems and family functioning (adaptability, cohesion), and after-school program participation (externalizing only) are protective against internalizing and externalizing problems. A cumulative risk model reveals that compared with youth with no risk factors, having one risk factor confers three- and fivefold risk for internalizing and externalizing symptoms, respective... Journal of Family Issues journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3320528 Mon, 01 Mar 2010 17:57:17 +0100 3320528 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3218822&cid=s_27152_36_f&fid=27152&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjfi.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F31%2F3%2F407%3Frss%3D1 Asian American families are often portrayed as affluent, having achieved a high level of education and occupational prestige. Despite this model-minority image, many Asian Americans suffer from economic hardship. Using a sample of 95 Asian Americans, this study examines the effect of perceived economic hardship on coping behavior, family relations, family roles, and psychological well-being among members of this understudied minority population. Findings indicate that family roles and psychological well-being of Asian Americans are directly influenced by their perception of economic distress. However, coping behaviors do not necessarily mediate these relationships. These findings are discussed in light of a conceptual model, and future directions for research are suggested. (Source: Journa... Journal of Family Issues journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3218822 Thu, 28 Jan 2010 18:37:13 +0100 3218822 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3218821&cid=s_27152_36_f&fid=27152&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjfi.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F31%2F3%2F381%3Frss%3D1 Maternal influences on adolescents’ sexual initiation have been examined over two time points in 433 Asian American—Pacific Islander (AAPI) adolescents in a secondary analysis of the Add Health data set using structural equation modeling. A longitudinal model built on a preliminary qualitative study is used to examine the fit between data and model. Maternal perceived connectedness and adolescents’ perceived maternal sexual expectations in sexual timing are found to be protective for delaying AAPI adolescents’ sexual initiation. Unexpectedly, mothers’ perceptions of sexual discussion are not protective for delaying adolescents’ sexual initiation. The results suggest interventions should focus on promoting AAPI mothers’ perceptions of connectedness ... Journal of Family Issues journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3218821 Thu, 28 Jan 2010 18:37:13 +0100 3218821 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3218820&cid=s_27152_36_f&fid=27152&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjfi.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F31%2F3%2F358%3Frss%3D1 Social harmony is a valued relational rule in collectivism. Using data from in-depth interviews with 20 Chinese American couples, the authors study how husbands and wives interpret and negotiate marital harmony within a multicultural context and how gender relates to this process. Although all participants appear to seek harmony, the result indicates two quite different forms. Structural harmony is based on traditional social norms that emphasize obligation to the whole. Relational harmony is "we-centered" and prioritizes the marriage relationship itself. Not all couples fall neatly in either category; couples in transition experience a push-and-pull process between the multiple influences in their lives. These tensions are explored through six dimensions: (a) conflict between relational a... Journal of Family Issues journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3218820 Thu, 28 Jan 2010 18:37:13 +0100 3218820 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3218819&cid=s_27152_36_f&fid=27152&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjfi.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F31%2F3%2F333%3Frss%3D1 This interview study interrogates how cultural values of filial piety inform Chinese American daughters-in-law’s understanding of their relationship and power dynamics with immigrant Chinese American mothers-in-law. Ideals of filial respect accord limited authority to mothers-in-law, who engage other mechanisms of power, such as their domestic expertise. Using the concept of emotional economies, this study finds that this strategy works when daughters-in-law feel gratitude for their mother-in-law’s domestic expertise and child care but not when they resent it as intrusive or unnecessary. Mothers report more conflicts with their mothers-in-law than do childless respondents, and often strike "patriarchal bargains" by enlisting husbands to mediate conflicts on their behalf. Many r... Journal of Family Issues journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3218819 Thu, 28 Jan 2010 18:37:12 +0100 3218819 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3218818&cid=s_27152_36_f&fid=27152&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjfi.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F31%2F3%2F301%3Frss%3D1 This article examines how facets of family structure and processes are linked to self-rated health and psychological distress in a national sample of Asian Americans. The authors find little support for well-established theories predicting the effects of family structure. Marital status does not affect self-rated health and has limited effects on psychological distress. The only effects of family composition are evident among men and the U.S.-born, where the presence of extended family in the home is related to lower levels of psychological distress. The authors find important gender and nativity differences in the effects of family cohesion, which protect the physical and psychological well-being of women and the U.S.-born but not men or foreign-born individuals. Findings suggest that the... Journal of Family Issues journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3218818 Thu, 28 Jan 2010 18:37:12 +0100 3218818 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3218817&cid=s_27152_36_f&fid=27152&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjfi.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F31%2F3%2F280%3Frss%3D1 In this work, the authors use statistics from the U.S. Census to examine trends in intermarriage, racial and ethnic combinations, and categorizations among Asian Americans. Specifically, the authors want to consider the extent to which family patterns may contribute to Asian Americans and their descendants’ continuing as distinct, becoming members of some new category or categories, or simply becoming White. Based on the data analysis and discussion, it seems most likely that Whiteness will increasingly depend on the situation: Where there are Asians,Whites, and Blacks, Asians will tend to become White.Where there are only Whites, Asians, including even those of multiracial background, may well continue to be distinguished. Yet people in mixed families will be continually crossing al... Journal of Family Issues journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3218817 Thu, 28 Jan 2010 18:37:12 +0100 3218817 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3218816&cid=s_27152_36_f&fid=27152&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjfi.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F31%2F3%2F279%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Family Issues) Journal of Family Issues journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3218816 Thu, 28 Jan 2010 18:37:12 +0100 3218816 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3144542&cid=s_27152_36_f&fid=27152&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjfi.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F31%2F2%2F257%3Frss%3D1 Using both quantitative and qualitative data, this study investigates the role of ultrasound technology on feelings of attachment and emotions experienced by expectant grandmothers. A total of 109 expectant grandmothers complete the 84-question Web-based survey. A 12-item scale is used to assess the impact of ultrasound on attachment. As expected, participants who attend the ultrasound exam are more likely than those who merely see pictures or video to report that the ultrasound increased their feelings of attachment. In addition, the results suggest that there is a small but significant negative relationship between number of grandchildren and feelings of attachment. Content analysis of open-ended questions reveal that ultrasound technology is an exciting, bonding experience that makes th... Journal of Family Issues journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3144542 Tue, 05 Jan 2010 17:13:06 +0100 3144542