MedWorm.com provides a medical RSS filtering service. Over 6000 RSS medical sources are combined and output via different filters. This feed contains the latest items from the 'Journal of Integrative Plant Biology' source. Thu, 09 Feb 2012 14:32:12 +0100 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5672260&cid=s_37899_62_f&fid=37899&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22313877%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Ahmadovichbozorov T, Pandey SP, Dinh ST, Kim SG, Heinrich M, Gase K, Baldwin IT Abstract DICER-like proteins produce small RNAs that silence genes involved in development and defenses against viruses and pathogens. Which DCLs participate in plant-herbivore interactions remains unstudied. We identified andstably silenced four distinct DCL genes by RNAi in Nicotiana attenuate (), a model for the study of plant-herbivore interactions. Silencing DCL1 expression was lethal. Manduca sexta larvae performed significantly better on ir-dcl3and ir-dcl4 plants, but not on ir-dcl2 plants compared to wild type plants. Phytohormones, defense metabolites and microarray analyses revealed that when DCL3 and DCL4 were silenced separately, herbivore resistance traits were regulated in distinc... Journal of Integrative Plant Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5672260 Tue, 07 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5672260 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5672261&cid=s_37899_62_f&fid=37899&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22309191%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Ching SL, Gidda SK, Rochon A, van Cauwenberghe OR, Shelp BJ, Mullen RT Abstract Glyoxylate reductase (GLYR) is a key enzyme in plant metabolism which catalyzes the detoxification of both photorespiratory glyoxylate and succinic semialdehdye, an intermediate of the γ-aminobutyrate (GABA) pathway. Two isoforms of GLYR exist in plants, GLYR1 and GLYR2, and while GLYR2 is known to be localized in plastids, GLYR1 has been reported to be localized in either peroxisomes or the cytosol. Here, we reappraised the intracellular localization of GLYR1 in Arabidopsis thaliana L. Heynh (ecotype Lansberg erecta) using both transiently-transformed suspension cells and stably-transformed plants, in combination with fluorescence microscopy. The results indicate that GLYR1 is localized exclu... Journal of Integrative Plant Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5672261 Mon, 06 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5672261 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5636849&cid=s_37899_62_f&fid=37899&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22268843%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, four genes, PDS, Chl H, Su (Sulfur), CLA1, were down-regulated significantly by VIGS, indicating that the VIGS system could be successfully applied in eggplant and is a reliable tool for the study of gene function. PMID: 22268843 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Journal of Integrative Plant Biology) Journal of Integrative Plant Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5636849 Mon, 23 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5636849 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5619100&cid=s_37899_62_f&fid=37899&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22251383%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Li Z, Li Z, Gao X, Chinnusamy V, Bressan R, Wang ZX, Zhu JK, Wu JW, Liu D Abstract The phytohormone abscisic acid (ABA) regulates many key processes in plants, such as seed germination, seedling growth, and abiotic stress tolerance. In recent years, a minimal set of core components of a major ABA signaling pathway has been discovered. These components include a RCAR/PYR/PYL family of ABA receptors, a group of PP2C phosphatases, and three SnRK2 kinases. However, how the interactions between the receptors and their targets are regulated by other proteins remains largely unknown. In a companion paper published in this issue, we showed that ROP11, a member of the plant-specific Rho-like small GTPase family, negatively regulates multiple ABA responses in Arabidopsis. The curren... Journal of Integrative Plant Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5619100 Wed, 18 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5619100 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5595364&cid=s_37899_62_f&fid=37899&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22233300%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Li Z, Kang J, Sui N, Liu D Abstract The phytohormone abscisic acid (ABA) plays crucial roles in plant development and plant responses to environmental stresses. Although ABA receptors and a minimal set of core molecular components have recently been discovered, understanding of the ABA signaling pathway is still far from complete. In this work, we characterized the function of ROP11, a member of the plant-specific ROP small GTPases family, in the ABA signaling process. ROP11 is preferentially expressed in guard cells in all plant organs with stomata. Expression of a constitutively active ROP11 (CA-ROP11) suppresses ABA-mediated responses, whereas reduced expression of ROP11 or expression of its dominant-negative form (DN-ROP11) causes the opposite phenotypes. The affected ... Journal of Integrative Plant Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5595364 Tue, 10 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5595364 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5576647&cid=s_37899_62_f&fid=37899&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22221297%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Zhang B, Xie D, Jin Z Abstract In plants, non-coding small RNAs play a vital role in plant development and stress responses. To explore the possible role of non-coding small RNAs in the regulation of the jasmonate (JA) pathway, we compared the non-coding small RNAs between the JA-deficient aos mutant and the JA-treated wild type Arabidopsis via high-throughput sequencing. 30 new miRNAs and 27 new miRNA candidates were identified through bioinformatics approach. 49 known miRNAs (belonging to 24 families), 15 new miRNAs and new miRNA candidates (belonging to 11 families) and 3 tasiRNA families were induced by JA, whereas 1 new miRNA, 1 tasiRNA family and 22 known miRNAs (belong to 9 families) were repressed by JA. PMID: 22221297 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Sourc... Journal of Integrative Plant Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5576647 Fri, 06 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5576647 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5576646&cid=s_37899_62_f&fid=37899&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22221327%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Shaya F, Gaiduk S, Keren I, Shevtsov S, Zemah H, Belausov E, Evenor D, Reuveni M, Ostersetzer-Biran O Abstract Plant mitochondrial genomes (mtDNAs) are large and undergo frequent recombination events. A common phenotype that emerges as a consequence of altered mtDNA structure is cytoplasmic-male-sterility (CMS). The molecular basis for CMS remains unclear, but it seems logical that altered respiration activities would result in reduced pollen production. Analysis of plant mtDNAs indicated that CMS-associated loci often contain fragments of known organellar genes. These may assemble with organellar complexes and thereby interfere with normal respiratory functions. Here, we analyzed whether the expression of truncated fragments of mitochondrial genes (i.e. atp4, cox1 and rps... Journal of Integrative Plant Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5576646 Fri, 06 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5576646 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5576645&cid=s_37899_62_f&fid=37899&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22222113%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Qiu QS Abstract The plant NHX gene family encodes Na(+) /H(+) antiporters which are crucial for salt tolerance, potassium homeostasis and cellular pH regulation. Understanding the role of NHX antiporters in membrane trafficking is becoming an increasingly interesting subject of study. Membrane trafficking is a central cellular process during which proteins, lipids and polysaccharides are continuously exchanged among membrane compartments. Yeast ScNhx1p, a prevacuole/ vacuolar Na(+) /H(+) antiporter, plays an important role in regulating pH to control trafficking out of the endosome. Evidence begins to accumulate that plant NHX antiporters might function in regulating membrane trafficking in plants. PMID: 22222113 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Journal of ... Journal of Integrative Plant Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5576645 Fri, 06 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5576645 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5576648&cid=s_37899_62_f&fid=37899&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22212384%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Liu CM PMID: 22212384 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Journal of Integrative Plant Biology) Journal of Integrative Plant Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5576648 Wed, 28 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5576648 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5544613&cid=s_37899_62_f&fid=37899&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22188563%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, we isolated a rice mutant osotp51 with significant reduction in PSI. The osotp51 is extremely sensitive to light and accumulates a higher level of ROS. Its leaves are almost albino when grown at 40 μmol photons m(-2) s(-1) . However, grown at 4 μmol photons m(-2) s(-1) , osotp51 has a similar phenotype to the wild-type (WT). 77K chlorophyll fluorescence analysis showed a blue shift in the highest peak emission from PSI in osotp51. In addition, the level of PSI and PSII dimer is dramatically reduced in osotp51. OSOTP 51 encodes a PPR protein, homologous to organelle transcript processing 51 in Arabidopsis. Loss-of-function OSOTP51 affects intron splicing of a number of plastid genes, particularly the ycf3 coding a protein involved in the assembly of PSI complex. OSOTP51 is... Journal of Integrative Plant Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5544613 Tue, 20 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5544613 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5506691&cid=s_37899_62_f&fid=37899&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22168472%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Shi C, Baldwin IT, Wu J Abstract Nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD) is an important mRNA quality surveillance pathway in all eukaryotes that eliminates aberrant mRNAs derived from various sources. Three NMD factor proteins, UPF1, UPF2, and UPF3 are required for the NMD process and were found to be also involved in certain stress responses in mammalian and yeast cells. Using Arabidopsis thaliana mutants of UPF1 and UPF3 and UPF2-silenced lines (irUPF2), we examined the involvement of UPF1, UPF2, and UPF3 in development and in responses to stresses, wounding and infection by Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato strain DC3000. Under the long (16 h) photoperiod condition, Arabidopsis having defect in NMD factors exhibited altered morphologies of various organs, disturbed homeostas... Journal of Integrative Plant Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5506691 Wed, 14 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5506691 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5506692&cid=s_37899_62_f&fid=37899&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22123664%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Wu YM, Guan RX, Liu ZX, Li RZ, Chang RZ, Qiu LJ Abstract Gly m Bd 28K, Gly m Bd 30K and Gly m Bd 60K are the major soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) allergens limiting the consumption of a good protein source for sensitive individuals. However, little is known about their temporal-spatial expression during seed development and upon germination. The present data shows that soy allergens accumulated in both the embryonic axes and cotyledon, but expression patterns differed depending on the specific allergen. Allergens accumulated sooner and to a greater level in cotyledons than in embryonic axes. Gly m Bd 28 began at 14 days after flowering (DAF), 7 to 14 days earlier than Gly m Bd 30K and Gly m Bd 60K. Comparatively, their degradation was faster and more profound in embryoni... Journal of Integrative Plant Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5506692 Mon, 28 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5506692 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5506693&cid=s_37899_62_f&fid=37899&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22112169%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Galatro A, Robello E, Puntarulo S Abstract The main aim of this work was to asses the multi-task role of ferritin (Ft) in the oxidative metabolism of soybean. Soybean seeds incubated for 24 h yielded 41 ± 5 μg Ft g(-1) FW. The rate of in vitro incorporation of iron (Fe) into Ft was tested by supplementing the reaction medium with physiological Fe chelators. The control rate, observed in the presence of 100 μM Fe, was not significantly different from the values observed in the presence of 100 μM Fe-his. However, it was significantly higher in the presence of 100 μM Fe-citrate (approximately 4.5-fold) or of 100 μM Fe-ATP (approximately 14-fold). Moreover, a substantial decrease in the Trp-dependent fluorescence of the Ft protein was determined during Fe uptake from Fe-... Journal of Integrative Plant Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5506693 Wed, 23 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5506693 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5437108&cid=s_37899_62_f&fid=37899&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22099059%26dopt%3DAbstract This study revealed the critical importance of a PPR protein-mediated mitochondrial function in early embryogenesis. PMID: 22099059 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Journal of Integrative Plant Biology) Journal of Integrative Plant Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5437108 Mon, 21 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5437108 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5437107&cid=s_37899_62_f&fid=37899&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22099164%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Liu CM PMID: 22099164 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Journal of Integrative Plant Biology) Journal of Integrative Plant Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5437107 Thu, 17 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5437107 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5437109&cid=s_37899_62_f&fid=37899&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22098940%26dopt%3DAbstract "QTL Mapping of Dark-Induced Senescence in Winter Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)" J Integr Plant Biol. 2011 Nov 16; Authors: Li H, Lin F, Wang G, Jing R, Zheng Q, Li B, Li Z Abstract In order to explore the genetics of dark-induced senescence in winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), a quantitative trait loci (QTL) analysis was carried out in a doubled haploid population developed from a cross between the varieties Hanxuan 10 (HX) and Lumai 14 (LM). The senescence parameters chlorophyll content (Chl a+b, Chl a, and Chl b), original fluorescence (Fo), maximum fluorescence level (Fm), maximum photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fm), and ratio of variable fluorescence to original fluorescence (Fv/Fo) were evaluated in the second leaf of whole three-leaf seedlings subjected to 7 d of dark... Journal of Integrative Plant Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5437109 Wed, 16 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5437109 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5412347&cid=s_37899_62_f&fid=37899&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22067051%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Li MR, Li Y, Li HQ, Wu GJ Abstract Dehydration-responsive element binding (DREB) proteins are a subfamily of AP2/ERF transcription factors that have been shown to improve tolerance to osmotic stresses in plants. To improve the osmotic stress tolerance of paper mulberry (Broussonetia papyrifera L. Vent), an economically important tree, we transformed it with a plasmid carrying tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb) FaDREB2 under the control of CaMV 35S. The ectopic expression of FaDREB2 did not cause growth retardation, and the paper mulberry seedlings expressing FaDREB2 showed higher salt and drought tolerance than wild-type plants (WT). After 13 days of withholding water, or 15 days in the presence of 250 mM NaCl, all the WT plants died, while the plants expressing FaDR... Journal of Integrative Plant Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5412347 Wed, 09 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5412347 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5412348&cid=s_37899_62_f&fid=37899&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22054509%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Diezel C, Allmann S, Baldwin IT Abstract To defend themselves against herbivore attack, plants produce secondary metabolites which are variously inducible and constitutively deployed, presumably to optimize their fitness benefits in light of their fitness costs. Three phytohormones, jasmonates (JA) and their active forms, the JA-isoleucine (JA-Ile) and ethylene (ET), are known to play central roles in the elicitation of induced defenses, but little is known about how this mediation changes over ontogeny. The Optimal Defense Theory (ODT) predicts changes in the costs and benefits of the different types of defenses and has been usefully extrapolated to their modes of deployment. Here we studied whether the herbivore-induced accumulation of JA, JA-Ile and ET changed over onto... Journal of Integrative Plant Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5412348 Sun, 06 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5412348 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5412349&cid=s_37899_62_f&fid=37899&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22050910%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Koffler BE, Maier R, Zechmann B Abstract Glutathione is an important antioxidant and has many important functions in plant development, growth and defense. Glutathione synthesis and degradation is highly compartment-specific and relies on the subcellular availability of its precursors, cysteine, glutamate, glycine and γ-glutamylcysteine especially in plastids and the cytosol which are considered as the main centers for glutathione synthesis. The availability of glutathione precursors within these cell compartments is therefore of great importance for successful plant development and defense. The aim of this study was to investigate the compartment-specific importance of glutathione precursors in plants. The subcellular distribution was compared between wild type plants (C... Journal of Integrative Plant Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5412349 Thu, 03 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5412349 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5376850&cid=s_37899_62_f&fid=37899&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22044436%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Avilés-Arnaut H, Délano-Frier JP Abstract Tomato systemin is a bioactive peptide that regulates the systemic activation of wound-responsive genes. It is released from its 200 amino acid precursor called prosystemin. Initial tissue-localization and hormone-induced expression assays indicated that the tomato prosystemin gene (SlPS) accumulates mainly in floral tissues and in response to exogenous abscisic acid and methyl jasmonate (MeJA) treatments, respectively. Later, the promoter regions of the PS gene in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L. cv. Castlemart), pepper (Capsicum annuum) and potato (Solanum tuberosum) were isolated and an in silico analysis of the SlPS promoter revealed an over-representation of stress- and MeJA-responsive motifs. A subsequent 5´ deletion analys... Journal of Integrative Plant Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5376850 Wed, 02 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5376850 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5376849&cid=s_37899_62_f&fid=37899&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22044752%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Chen H, Deng L, Jiang Y, Lu P, Yu J Abstract RNA editing is a post-transcriptional process that results in modifications of ribonucleotides at specific locations. In land plants editing can occur in both mitochondria and chloroplasts and most commonly involves C-to-U changes, especially in seed plants. Using prediction and experimental determination, we investigated RNA editing in 40 protein-coding genes from the chloroplast genome of Cycas taitungensis. A total of 85 editing sites were identified in 25 transcripts. Comparison analysis of the published editotypes of these 25 transcripts in eight species showed that RNA editing events gradually disappear during plant evolution. The editing in the first and third codon position disappeared quicker than that in the second cod... Journal of Integrative Plant Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5376849 Wed, 02 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5376849 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5376848&cid=s_37899_62_f&fid=37899&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22044778%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Takenouchi Y, Nakajima H, Kanamaru K, Takumi S Abstract In the tetrapyrrole biosynthetic pathway of higher plants, 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) is metabolized by ALA dehydratase (ALAD). Here, we isolated ALAD1 cDNA from common wheat and its diploid progenitors, and produced transgenic tobacco plants expressing the wheat ALAD1 gene. The ALAD1 genes were highly conserved among wheat relatives, and three homoeologous loci of wheat ALAD1 (TaALAD1) were equally transcribed in common wheat. A transient expression assay of a TaALAD1-GFP (green fluorescent protien) fusion protein suggested that TaALAD1 is localized in chloroplasts. Overexpression of TaALAD1 in transgenic tobacco resulted in a significant increase in ALAD activity in leaves. Moreover, the transgenic tobacco showed v... Journal of Integrative Plant Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5376848 Wed, 02 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5376848 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5376851&cid=s_37899_62_f&fid=37899&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22040287%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Carvalho RF, Campos ML, Azevedo RA Abstract It is well-documented that phytochromes can control plant growth and development from germination to flowering. Additionally, these photoreceptors have been shown to modulate both biotic and abiotic stress. This has led to a series of studies exploring the molecular and biochemical basis by which phytochromes modulate stresses, such as salinity, drought, high light or herbivory. Evidence for a role of phytrochromes in plant stress tolerance is explored and reviewed. PMID: 22040287 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Journal of Integrative Plant Biology) Journal of Integrative Plant Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5376851 Mon, 31 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5376851 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5376852&cid=s_37899_62_f&fid=37899&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22013976%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Lu S, Yang C, Chiang VL Abstract Plants develop important regulatory networks to adapt to the frequently-changing availability of copper (Cu). However, little is known about miRNA-associated Cu-regulatory networks in plant species other than Arabidopsis. Here, we report that Cu-responsive miRNAs in Populus trichocarpa include not only conserved miR397 and miR398 and miR408, but also Populus-specific miR1444, suggesting the conservation and diversity of Cu-responsive miRNAs in plants. Copper-associated suppression of mature miRNAs is in company with the up-regulation of their target genes encoding Cu-containing proteins in Populus. The targets include miR397-targeted PtLAC5, PtLAC6 and PtLAC110a, miR398-targeted PtCSD1, PtCSD2a and PtCSD2b, miR408-targeted PtPCL1, PtPCL2, P... Journal of Integrative Plant Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5376852 Thu, 20 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5376852 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5309315&cid=s_37899_62_f&fid=37899&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21981015%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Wu W, Elsheery N, Wei Q, Zhang L, Huang J Abstract Leaf variegation resulting from nuclear gene mutations has been used as a model system to elucidate the molecular mechanisms of chloroplast development. Since most variegation genes also function in photosynthesis, it remains unknown whether their roles in photosynthesis and chloroplast development are distinct. Here, using the variegation mutant thylakoid formation1 (thf1) we show that variegation formation is light independent. It was found that slow and uneven chloroplast development in thf1 can be attributed to defects in etioplast development in darkness. Ultrastructural analysis showed the coexistence of plastids with or without prolamellar bodies (PLB) in cells of thf1, but not of WT. Although THF1 mutation leads to... Journal of Integrative Plant Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5309315 Sun, 09 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5309315 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5272889&cid=s_37899_62_f&fid=37899&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21957980%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Zhu J, Lou Y, Xu X, Yang ZN Abstract In anther development, tapetal cells take part in complex processes, including endomitosis and apoptosis/PCD. The tapetum provides many of the proteins, lipids, polysaccharides and other molecules necessary for pollen development. Several transcription factors, including DYT1, TDF1, AMS, MS188 and MS1, have been reported to be essential for tapetum development and function in Arabidopsis. Here, we present a detailed cytological analysis of knockout mutants for these genes, along with an in situ RNA hybridization experiment and double mutant analysis showing that these transcription factors form a genetic pathway in tapetum development. DYT1, TDF1 and AMS function in early tapetum development, while MS188 and MS1 are important for late t... Journal of Integrative Plant Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5272889 Thu, 29 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5272889 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5272890&cid=s_37899_62_f&fid=37899&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21951961%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Domenico SD, Bonsegna S, Lenucci MS, Poltronieri P, Sansebastiano GP, Santino A Abstract Oleosin, caleosin and steroleosin are normally expressed in developing seed cells and are targeted to oil bodies. In the present work, the cDNA of each gene tagged with fluorescent proteins was transiently expressed into tobacco protoplasts and the fluorescent patterns observed by confocal laser scanning microscopy. Our results indicated clear differences in the endocellular localisation of the three proteins. Oleosin and caleosin both share a common structure consisting of a central hydrophobic domain flanked by two hydrophilic domains and were correctly targeted to LDs, whereas steroleosin, characterized by an N-terminal oil body anchoring domain, was mainly retained in the endoplasm... Journal of Integrative Plant Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5272890 Mon, 26 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5272890 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5272946&cid=s_37899_62_f&fid=37899&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21951914%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Zhang L, Li HT, Gao LM, Yang JB, Li DZ, Cannon CH, Chen J, Li QJ Abstract Most species in the genus Tacca(Dioscoreaceae) feature green to black purple, conspicuous inflorescence involucral bracts with variable shapes, motile filiform appendages (bracteoles), and diverse types of inflorescence morphology. To infer the evolution of these inflorescence traits, we reconstruct the molecular phylogeny of the genus, using DNA sequence from one nuclear, one mitochondrial, and three plastid loci (ITS, atpA, rbcL, trnL-F, and trnH-psbA). Involucres and bracteoles characters were mapped onto the phylogeny to analyze the sequence of inflorescence trait evolution. In all analyses, species with showy involucres and bracteoles form the most derived clade, while ancestral Tacca had small ... Journal of Integrative Plant Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5272946 Sun, 25 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5272946 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5272947&cid=s_37899_62_f&fid=37899&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21951842%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Wen BQ, Xing MQ, Zhang H, Dai C, Xue HW Abstract Homeobox transcription factors are involved in various aspects of plant development, including maintenance of the biosynthesis and signaling pathways of different hormones. However, few direct targets of homeobox proteins have been identified. We here show that the transgenic lines overexpressing rice homeobox gene HOX1a result in enhanced gibberellin (GA) response, indicating a positive effect of HOX1a in GA signaling. HOX1a is induced by GA and encodes a homeobox transcription factor with transcription repression activity. In addition, HOX1a suppresses the expression of early flowering1 (EL1), a negative regulator of GA signaling, and further EMSA and ChIP analysis revealed that HOX1a directly bound to the promoter region ... Journal of Integrative Plant Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5272947 Thu, 22 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5272947 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5225813&cid=s_37899_62_f&fid=37899&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21910825%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Ono NN, Britton MT, Fass JN, Nicolet CM, Lin D, Tian L Abstract Pomegranate fruit peel is rich in bioactive plant natural products, such as hydrolyzable tannins and anthocyanins. Despite their documented roles in human nutrition and fruit quality, genes involved in natural product biosynthesis have not been cloned from pomegranate and very little sequence information is available on pomegranate in the public domain. Shotgun transcriptome sequencing of pomegranate fruit peel cDNA was performed using RNA-Seq on the Illumina Genome Analyzer platform. Over 100 million raw sequence reads were obtained and assembled into 9,839 transcriptome assemblies (TAs) (> 200 bp). Candidate genes for hydrolyzable tannin, anthocyanin, flavonoid, terpenoid and fatty acid biosynthesis and/o... Journal of Integrative Plant Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5225813 Mon, 12 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5225813 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5225812&cid=s_37899_62_f&fid=37899&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21910826%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: He D, Han C, Yang P Abstract Water absorption is a prerequisite for seed germination. During imbibition, water influx causes the resumption of many physiological and metabolic processes in growing seed. In order to obtain more complete knowledge about the mechanism of seed germination, two-dimensional gel electrophoresis was applied to investigate the protein profile changes of rice seed during the first 48 h of imbibition. Thirty-nine differentially expressed proteins were identified, including 19 down-regulated and 20 up-regulated proteins. Storage proteins and some seed development- and desiccation-associated proteins were down regulated. The change patterns of these proteins indicated extensive mobilization of seed reserves. By contrast, catabolism-associated proteins ... Journal of Integrative Plant Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5225812 Mon, 12 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5225812 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5215683&cid=s_37899_62_f&fid=37899&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21902804%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Weng L, Tian Z, Feng X, Li X, Xu S, Hu X, Luo D, Yang J Abstract Previous studies have demonstrated that petal shape and size in legume flowers are determined by two separate mechanisms, dorsoventral (DV) and organ internal (IN) asymmetric mechanisms, respectively. However, little is known about the molecular mechanisms controlling petal development in legumes. To address this question, we investigated petal development along the floral DV axis in Lotus japonicus with respect to cell and developmental biology by comparing wild-type legumes to mutants. Based on morphological markers, the entire course of petal development, from initiation to maturity, was grouped to define 3 phases or 13 stages. In terms of epidermal micromorphology from adaxial surface, mature petals were ... Journal of Integrative Plant Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5215683 Fri, 09 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5215683 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5089900&cid=s_37899_62_f&fid=37899&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21806778%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Postnikova OA, Minakova NY, Boutanaev AM, Nemchinov LG Previously, we employed heterologously expressed sequence tag (EST) mapping to generate a profile of 4 935 pathogen-response genes of Arabidopsis thaliana. In this work, we performed a computer analysis of this profile, revealing 1 594 non-homologous clustered genes distributed among all A. thaliana chromosomes, whose co-regulation may be related to host responses to pathogens. To supplement computer data, we arbitrarily selected two clusters and analyzed their expression levels in A. thaliana ecotypes Col-0 and C24 during infection with the yellow strain of Cucumber mosaic virus CMV(Y). Ecotype Col-0 is susceptible to CMV(Y), whereas C24 contains the dominant resistance gene RCY1. Upon infection with CMV(Y), all clustered... Journal of Integrative Plant Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5089900 Mon, 01 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5089900 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5089901&cid=s_37899_62_f&fid=37899&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21781278%26dopt%3DAbstract We report here that two critical regions of the Pib promoter were heavily CG cytosine-methylated in both cultivars studied. Surprisingly, induced expression of Pib by M. grisea infection did not entail its promoter demethylation, and partial demethylation by 5-azacytidine-treatment actually reduced Pib expression relative to wild-type plants. Accordingly, the blast disease-resistance was compromised in the 5'-azaC-treated plants relative to wild-type. In contrast, the disease susceptibility was not affected by the 5'-azaC treatment in another two rice cultivars that did not contain the Pib gene, ruling out effects of other R genes and non-specific genotoxic effects by the drug-treatment as a cause for the compromised Pib-conditioned blast-resistance. Taken together, our results suggest tha... Journal of Integrative Plant Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5089901 Wed, 20 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5089901 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5039063&cid=s_37899_62_f&fid=37899&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21767343%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Shao Y, Wei G, Wang L, Dong Q, Zhao Y, Chen B, Xiang Y BURP domain-containing proteins have a conserved structure and are found extensively in plants. The functions of the proteins in this family are diverse, but remain unknown in Populus trichocarpa. In this present study, a complete genome of P. trichocarpa was analyzed bioinformatically. A total of 18 BURP family genes, named PtBURPs, were identified and characterized according to their physical positions on the P. trichocarpa chromosomes. A phylogenetic tree was generated from alignments of PtBURP protein sequences, while phylogenetic relationships were also examined between PtBURPs and BURP family genes in other plants, including rice, soybean, maize and sorghum. BURP genes in P. trichocarpa were classified into five clas... Journal of Integrative Plant Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5039063 Sun, 17 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5039063 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5039062&cid=s_37899_62_f&fid=37899&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21767344%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, the temporal pattern of transcript accumulation of 12 phenylpropanoid genes (PAL1, C4H3/5, C4H4, 4CL3, 4CL4, HCT1, C3H3, CCoAOMT1, COMT2, COMT5, CCR2) was analysed in maturing xylem and phloem of Picea abies during latewood formation. Quantitative RT-PCR analyses revealed a well-defined RNA accumulation pattern of genes involved in the phenylpropanoid pathway during latewood formation. Differences in the RNA accumulation patterns were detected between the different tissue types analyzed. The results obtained here demonstrated that the molecular processes involved in monolignol biosynthesis are not restricted to the cambial activity timeframe but continued after the end of cambium cell proliferation. Furthermore, since it has been shown that lignification of maturing xylem ta... Journal of Integrative Plant Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5039062 Sun, 17 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5039062 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5039065&cid=s_37899_62_f&fid=37899&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21762382%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Liu L, Wang Y, Wang N, Dong YY, Fan XD, Liu XM, Yang J, Li HY Salt, saline-alkali conditions, and drought are major environmental factors limiting plant growth and productivity. The vacuolar H(+) -translocating inorganic pyrophosphatase (V-H(+) -PPase) is an electrogenic proton pump that translocates protons into vacuoles in plant cells. Expression of V-H(+) -PPase increases in plants under a number of abiotic stresses, and is thought to have an important role in adaptation to abiotic stress. In this work, we report the isolation and characterization of the gene, ScVP, encoding a vacuolar inorganic pyrophosphatase (V-H(+) -PPase) from the halophyte, Suaeda corniculata. Semi-quantitative RT-PCR analysis showed that ScVP was induced in roots, stems and leaves under treatment wit... Journal of Integrative Plant Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5039065 Thu, 14 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5039065 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5039064&cid=s_37899_62_f&fid=37899&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21762383%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Wu X, Chang X, Jing R Carbon isotope discrimination (Δ(13) C) is considered a useful indicator for indirect selection of grain yield (GY) in cereals. Therefore, it is important to evaluate the genetic variation in Δ(13) C and its relationship with GY. A doubled haploid (DH) population derived from a cross of two common wheat varieties, Hanxuan 10 (H10) and Lumai 14 (L14), was phenotyped for Δ(13) C in the flag leaf, GY and yield associated traits in two trials contrasted by water availability, specifically, rain-fed and irrigated. Quantitative trait loci (QTLs) were identified by single locus and two locus QTL analyses. QTLs for Δ(13) C were located on chromosomes 1A, 2B, 3B, 5A, 7A and 7B, and QTLs for other traits on all chromosomes except 1A, 4D, 5A, 5B and 6D. The popu... Journal of Integrative Plant Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5039064 Thu, 14 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5039064 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5039066&cid=s_37899_62_f&fid=37899&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21733120%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Yang WC, Wan J PMID: 21733120 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Journal of Integrative Plant Biology) Journal of Integrative Plant Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5039066 Thu, 30 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5039066 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4996755&cid=s_37899_62_f&fid=37899&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21711449%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Gao Z, Zeng D, Cheng F, Tian Z, Guo L, Su Y, Yan M, Jiang H, Dong G, Huang Y, Han B, Li J, Qian Q Gelatinization temperature (GT) is an important parameter in evaluating the cooking and eating quality of rice. indeed, the phenotype, biochemistry and inheritance of GT have been widely studied in recent times. Previous map-based cloning revealed that GT was controlled by ALK gene, which encodes a putative soluble starch synthase II-3. Complementation vector and RNAi vector were constructed and transformed into Nipponbare mediated by Agrobacterium. Phenotypic and molecular analyses of transgenic lines provided direct evidence for ALK as a key gene for GT. Meanwhile, amylose content, gel consistency and pasting properties were also affected in transgenic lines. Two of four nonsyno... Journal of Integrative Plant Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4996755 Tue, 28 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4996755 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4946627&cid=s_37899_62_f&fid=37899&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21676171%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Ow DW The current method for combining transgenes into a genome is through the assortment of independent loci, a classical operating system compatible with transgenic traits created by different developers, at different times and/or through different transformation techniques. However, as the number of transgenic loci increases over time, increasingly large populations are needed to find the rare individual with the desired assortment of transgenic loci along with the non-transgenic elite traits. Introducing a transgene directly into a field cultivar would bypass the need to introgress the engineered trait. However, this necessitates separate transformations into numerous field cultivars, along with the characterization and regulatory approval of each independent transformatio... Journal of Integrative Plant Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4946627 Wed, 15 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4946627 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4946626&cid=s_37899_62_f&fid=37899&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21676172%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, the molecular characteristics and biological functions of AP2/ERFs in a variety of plant species were analyzed. AP2/ERFs, especially those in DREB and ERF subfamilies, are ideal candidates for crop improvement because their overexpression enhances tolerances to drought, salt, freezing, as well as resistances to multiple diseases in the transgenic plants. The comprehensive analysis of physiological functions is useful in elucidating the biological roles of AP2/ERF family genes in gene interaction, pathway regulation, and defense response under stress environments, which should provide new opportunities for the crop tolerance engineering. PMID: 21676172 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Journal of Integrative Plant Biology) Journal of Integrative Plant Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4946626 Wed, 15 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4946626 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4946625&cid=s_37899_62_f&fid=37899&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21676173%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Sun A, Dai Y, Zhang X, Li C, Meng K, Xu H, Wei X, Xiao G, Ouwerkerk PB, Wang M, Zhu Z In many plants, sucrose transporters are essential for both sucrose exports from sources and imports into sinks, indicating a function in assimilate partitioning. To investigate whether sucrose transporters can improve the yield of starch plant, potato plants (Solanum tuberosum L. cv. Désirée) were transformed with cDNAs of the rice sucrose transporter genes OsSUT5Z and OsSUT2M under the control of a tuber-specific, class-I patatin promoter. Compared to the controls, the average fructose content of OsSUT5Z transgenic tubers significantly increased. However, the content of the sugars and starch in the OsSUT2M transgenic potato tubers showed no obvious difference. Correspondingly, the average... Journal of Integrative Plant Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4946625 Wed, 15 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4946625 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4946628&cid=s_37899_62_f&fid=37899&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21651724%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Zhang D, Guo J As the worldwide commercialization of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) increases and consumer food safety concerns increase, many countries and regions have issued labeling regulations on GMOs and their products. Analytical methods and their standardization for GM ingredients in foods and feed are essential for the implementation of labeling regulations. To date, the GMO testing methods are mainly based on the inserted DNA sequences and newly produced proteins in GMOs. This paper presents an overview of GMO testing methods as well as their standardization. PMID: 21651724 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Journal of Integrative Plant Biology) Journal of Integrative Plant Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4946628 Wed, 08 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4946628 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4897716&cid=s_37899_62_f&fid=37899&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21631728%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Du C, Xu Y, Wang Y, Chong K Polar auxin transport, which depends on polarized subcellular distribution of AUXIN RESISTANT 1/LIKE AUX1 (AUX1/LAX) influx carriers and PIN-FORMED (PIN) efflux carriers, mediates various processes of plant growth and development. Endosomal recycling of PIN1 is mediated by an ADP ribosylation factor (ARF)-GTPase exchange factor protein, GNOM. However, the mediation of auxin influx carrier recycling is poorly understood. Here, we report that overexpression of OsAGAP, an ARF-GTPase-activating protein in rice, stimulates vesicle transport from the plasma membrane to the Golgi apparatus in protoplasts and transgenic plants and induces the accumulation of early endosomes and AUX1. AUX1 endosomes could partially colocalize with FM 4-64 labeled early endos... Journal of Integrative Plant Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4897716 Wed, 01 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4897716 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4897718&cid=s_37899_62_f&fid=37899&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21615687%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Wei RX, Ge S Gene duplication plays an important role in the evolution of organisms by allowing functional innovation and the divergence of duplicate genes. Previous studies found two PI-like genes in grass species, suggesting functional divergence between the paralogous copies. Here, we reconstructed the evolutionary history of two PI genes from major lineages of grasses and other monocot species, and demonstrated that two PI genes (PI1 and PI2) arose from a whole genome duplication that occurred in a common ancestor of extant grasses. Molecular evolutionary analyses at the family and tribal levels found strong purifying selection acting on two genes in grasses, consistent with the conserved class B function of the PI genes. Importantly, we detected different patterns of sele... Journal of Integrative Plant Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4897718 Wed, 25 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4897718 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4897733&cid=s_37899_62_f&fid=37899&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21605340%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Cheng ZJ, Mao BG, Gao SW, Zhang L, Wang JL, Lei CL, Zhang X, Wu FQ, Guo XP, Wan J In rice, one detrimental factor influencing single panicle yield is the frequent occurrence of panicle apical abortion (PAA) under unfavorable climatic conditions. Until now, no detailed genetic information has been available to avoid PAA in rice breeding. Here, we show that the occurrence of PAA is associated with the accumulation of excess hydrogen peroxide. Quantitative trait loci (QTLs) mapping for PAA in an F(2) population derived from the cross of L-05261 (PAA line)×IRAT129 (non-PAA variety) identified 7 QTLs over a LOD threshold of 2.5, explaining approximately 50.1% of phenotypic variance for PAA in total. Five of the QTLs with an increased effect from L-05261, designated as qPAA3-1, qPA... Journal of Integrative Plant Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4897733 Sun, 22 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4897733 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4897726&cid=s_37899_62_f&fid=37899&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21605341%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Huang QN, Shi YF, Yang Y, Feng BH, Wei YL, Chen J, Baraoidan M, Leung H, Wu JL A rice spotted-leaf mutant was isolated from an EMS-induced IR64 mutant bank. The mutant, designated as spl30 (spotted-leaf30), displayed normal green leaf color under shade but exhibited red-brown lesions under natural summer field conditions. Initiation of the lesions was induced by light and the symptom was enhanced at 33 °C relative to 26 °C. Histochemical staining did not show cell death around the red-brown lesions. Chlorophyll contents in the mutant were significantly lower than those of the wild type while the ratio of chlorophyll a/b remained the same, indicating that spl30 was impaired in biosynthesis or degradation of chlorophyll. Disease reaction patterns of the mutant to Xanthomonas o... Journal of Integrative Plant Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4897726 Sun, 22 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4897726 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4851201&cid=s_37899_62_f&fid=37899&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21564545%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Hao Z, Li X, Xie C, Weng J, Li M, Zhang D, Liang X, Liu L, Liu S, Zhang S Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) is a common form of genetic variation and popularly exists in maize genome. An Illumina GoldenGate assay with 1 536 SNP markers was used to genotype maize inbred lines and identified the functional genetic variations underlying drought tolerance by association analysis. Across 80 lines, 1 006 polymorphic SNPs (65.5 % of the total) in the assay with good call quality were used to estimate the pattern of genetic diversity, population structure and familial relatedness. The analysis showed the best number of fixed subgroups was six, which was consistent with their original sources and results using only simple sequence repeat markers. Pairwise linkage disequilibrium (LD)... Journal of Integrative Plant Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4851201 Thu, 12 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4851201 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4851200&cid=s_37899_62_f&fid=37899&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21564546%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, HO-1 up-regulation and its role in acquired salt tolerance (salinity acclimation) were investigated in wheat plants. We discovered that pretreatment with a low concentration of NaCl (25 mM), not only led to the induction of HO-1 protein and gene expression as well as enhanced HO activity, but also thereafter, to a salinity acclimatory response. The effect is specific for HO-1 since the potent HO-1 inhibitor zinc protoporphyrin IX (ZnPP) blocked the above cytoprotective actions, and the cytotoxic responses conferred by 200 mM NaCl were reversed partially when HO-1 inducer haemin was added. The HO's catalytic product, CO aqueous solution pretreatment mimicked the salinity acclimatory responses. Meanwhile, the CO-triggered reestablishment of ROS homeostasis was mainly guarantee... Journal of Integrative Plant Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4851200 Thu, 12 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4851200 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4851205&cid=s_37899_62_f&fid=37899&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21564541%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Yu HL, Li YH, Wu KM Application of recombinant DNA technology has resulted in many insect-resistant varieties by genetic engineering (GE), and the crops expressing Cry toxins derived from Baccillus thuringiensis (Bt) have been planted on a wide scale in the world, and they have been providing an effective tool for pest control. However, one ecological concern regarding the potential effects of insect-resistant GE plants on non-target organisms (NTOs) has been continually debated. We here briefly summarized the data regarding development and commercial use of transgenic Bt varieties, elaborated the procedure and methods for assessing non-target effects of insect-resistant GE plants and synthetically analyzed the related research results mostly published within recent 5 year. A ... Journal of Integrative Plant Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4851205 Wed, 11 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4851205 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4851204&cid=s_37899_62_f&fid=37899&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21564542%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Liu J, Zheng Q, Ma Q, Gadidasu KK, Zhang P As a major source of food, Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) is an important root crop in the tropics and subtropics of Africa and Latin America and serves as raw material for the production of starches and bioethanol in tropical Asia. Cassava improvement through genetic engineering not only overcomes the high heterozygosity and serious trait separation that occurs in its traditional breeding, but also quickly achieves improved target traits. Since the first report on genetic transformation in cassava in 1996, the technology has gradually matured over almost 15 years of development and has overcome cassava genotype constraints, changing from mode cultivars to farmer-preferred ones. Significant progress has been made in terms of an in... Journal of Integrative Plant Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4851204 Wed, 11 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4851204 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4851203&cid=s_37899_62_f&fid=37899&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21564543%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Liu C, Zhao L, Yu G γ-amino butyric acid (GABA) and proline play a crucial role in protecting plants during various environmental stresses. Their synthesis is from the common precursor glutamic acid, which is catalyzed by glutamate decarboxylase (GAD) and ⊿(1) -pryrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase (P5CS) respectively. However, the dominant pathway under water stress has not yet been established. To explore this, excised tobacco leaves were used to simulate a water-stress condition. Results showed GABA content was much higher than that of proline in leaves under water-deficit and non-water-deficit conditions. Specifically, the amount of GABA increased much more than did proline under continuous water loss for 16 h, indicating that GABA biosynthesis is the dominant pathway fro... Journal of Integrative Plant Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4851203 Wed, 11 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4851203 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4851202&cid=s_37899_62_f&fid=37899&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21564544%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Mai YX, Wang L, Yang HQ Floral initiation is a major step in the life cycle of plants, which is influenced by photoperiod, temperature, and phytohormones such as gibberellins (GAs). It is known that GAs promote floral initiation under short-day light conditions (SDs) by regulating the floral meristem identify gene LEAFY (LFY) and the flowering-time gene SUPPRESSOR OF OVEREXPRESSION OF CO 1 (SOC1). We have defined the role of the auxin signaling component IAA7/AXR2 in the regulation of flowering time in Arabidopsis thaliana. We demonstrate that the gain-of-function mutant of IAA7/AXR2, axr2-1, flowers late under SDs. Exogenous application of GA rescued the late flowering phenotype of axr2-1 plants. Expression of the GA 20-oxidase genes, GA20ox1 and GA20ox2, was reduced in axr2-... Journal of Integrative Plant Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4851202 Wed, 11 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4851202 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4851208&cid=s_37899_62_f&fid=37899&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21554537%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Guo J, Yang X, Weston DJ, Chen JG Abscisic acid (ABA) is the key plant stress hormone. Consistent with the earlier studies in support of the presence of both membrane- and cytoplasm-localized ABA receptors, recent studies have identified multiple ABA receptors located in various subcellular locations. These include a chloroplast envelope-localized receptor (the H subunit of Chloroplast Mg(2+) -chelatase/ABA Receptor), two plasma membrane-localized receptors (G-protein Coupled Receptor 2 and GPCR-type G proteins), and one cytosol/nucleus-localized Pyrabactin Resistant (PYR)/PYR-Like (PYL)/Regulatory Component of ABA Receptor 1 (RCAR). Although the downstream molecular events for most of the identified ABA receptors are currently unknown, one of them, PYR/PYL/RACR was found to d... Journal of Integrative Plant Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4851208 Sun, 08 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4851208 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4851207&cid=s_37899_62_f&fid=37899&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21554538%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Skylar A, Wu X The plant meristems possess unique features that involve maintaining the stem cell populations while providing cells for continued development. Although both the primary shoot apical meristem (SAM) and the root apical meristem (RAM) are specified during embryogenesis, post-embryonic tissue proliferation is required for their full establishment and maintenance throughout a plant's life. The phytohormone cytokinin (CK) interacts with other systemic signals and is a key regulator of meristem size and functions. The SAM and the RAM respond to CK stimulations in different manners: CK promotes tissue proliferation in the SAM through pathways dominated by homeobox transcription factors, including the class I KNOX genes, STIP, and WUS; and curiously, it favors prolifera... Journal of Integrative Plant Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4851207 Sun, 08 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4851207 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4851206&cid=s_37899_62_f&fid=37899&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21554539%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Ye H, Li L, Yin Y Brassinosteroids (BRs) play important roles in plant growth, development and responses to environmental cues. BRs signal through plasma membrane receptor BRI1 and co-receptor BAK1, and several positive (BSK1, BSU1, PP2A) and negative (BKI1, BIN2 and 14-3-3) regulators to control the activities of BES1 and BZR1 family transcription factors, which regulate the expression of hundreds to thousands of genes for various BR responses. Recent studies identified novel signaling components in the BR pathways and started to establish the detailed mechanisms on the regulation of BR signaling. In addition, the molecular mechanism and transcriptional network through which BES1 and BZR1 control gene expression and various BR responses are beginning to be revealed. BES1 recr... Journal of Integrative Plant Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4851206 Sun, 08 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4851206 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4798046&cid=s_37899_62_f&fid=37899&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21545406%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study it was shown that JA-induced anthocyanin accumulation was reduced in BR mutants and wild types treated with brassinazole, an inhibitor of BR biosynthesis, whereas was induced by an application of exogenous BR. It was also shown that the 'late' anthocyanin biosynthesis genes including DFR, LDOX, and UF3GT, were induced slightly by JA in the BR mutants relative to wild type. Furthermore, the expression level of JA-induced Myb/bHLH transcription factors such as PAP1, PAP2, and GL3, which are components of the WD-repeat/Myb/bHLH transcriptional complexes that mediate the 'late' anthocyanin biosynthesis genes, was lower in the BR mutants than that in wild type. These results suggested that BR affects JA-induced anthocyanin accumulation by regulating the 'late' anthocyanin biosynth... Journal of Integrative Plant Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4798046 Tue, 03 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4798046 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4798047&cid=s_37899_62_f&fid=37899&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21535470%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: An C, Mou Z The small phenolic compound salicylic acid (SA) plays an important regulatory role in multiple physiological processes including plant immune response. Significant progress has been made during the past two decades in understanding the SA-mediated defense signaling network. Characterization of a number of genes functioning in SA biosynthesis, conjugation, accumulation, signaling, and crosstalk with other hormones such as jasmonic acid, ethylene, abscisic acid, auxin, gibberellic acid, cytokinin, brassinosteroid, and peptide hormones has sketched the finely tuned immune response network. Full understanding of the mechanism of plant immunity will need to take advantage of fast developing genomics tools and bioinformatics techniques. However, elucidating genetic compo... Journal of Integrative Plant Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4798047 Mon, 02 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4798047 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4798048&cid=s_37899_62_f&fid=37899&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21518249%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Guo T, Liu X, Wan X, Weng J, Liu S, Liu X, Chen M, Li J, Su N, Wu F, Cheng Z, Guo X, Lei C, Wang J, Jiang L, Wan J High chalkiness is a major problem in many rice-producing areas of the world, especially in hybrid rice in China. We previously showed a major quantitative trait locus for the percentage of grains with white chalkiness (QTLqPGWC-8) in the interval G1149-R727 on chromosome 8 using a chromosome segment substitution lines (CSSLs). Here, we selected the line-CSSL50 harboring the QTLqPGWC-8 allele from the CSSLs derived from a cross between Asominori (as a recurrent parent) and IR24 (as a donor parent), which had higher percentage chalkiness, markedly different from that of Asominori. There were also significant differences in starch granules, appearance amylose conten... Journal of Integrative Plant Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4798048 Sun, 24 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4798048 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4745036&cid=s_37899_62_f&fid=37899&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21457460%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Wünsche H, Baldwin IT, Wu J NOA1 (nitric oxide-associated protein 1) is involved in various abiotic stress responses and is required for plant resistance to pathogen infections. However, the role of NOA1 in plant-herbivore interactions has not been explored. We created NOA1-silenced Nicotiana attenuata plants (irNaNOA1). Compared with wild-type (WT) plants, irNaNOA1 plants had highly decreased photosynthesis rates. We further examined various traits important for plant defense against its specialist herbivore Manduca sexta by treating WT and irNaNOA1 plants with mechanical wounding and M. sexta oral secretions (OS). NOA1-silenced plants showed elevated levels of herbivory-induced JA (jasmonic acid), but decreased JA-isoleucine conjugate (JA-Ile) levels. The decreased JA-Ile l... Journal of Integrative Plant Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4745036 Thu, 31 Mar 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4745036 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4633565&cid=s_37899_62_f&fid=37899&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21426488%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Feng HY, Wang ZM, Kong FN, Zhang MJ, Zhou SL Glucose appears to have an antagonistic relationship with ethylene and ethylene and polyamines appear to play antagonistic roles in the abortion of seeds and fruits. Moreover, ethylene, spermidine, and spermine share a common biosynthetic precursor. The synchronous changes of them and the relationships with kernel set are currently unclear. Here, we stimulated maize (Zea mays L.) apical kernel set and studied their changes at 4, 8, 12, and 16 days after pollination (DAP). The status of the apical kernels changed from abortion to set, showing a pattern similar to that of the middle kernels, with slow decrease in glucose and rapid decline in ethylene production, and a sharp increase in spermidine and spermine after four DAP. Synchrono... Journal of Integrative Plant Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4633565 Tue, 22 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4633565 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4633566&cid=s_37899_62_f&fid=37899&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21418523%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Lu B, Xie K, Yang C, Zhang L, Wu T, Liu X, Jiang L, Wan J Two weak dormancy mutants, designated Q4359 and Q4646, were obtained from the rice cultivar N22 after treatment with 400 Gy (60) Co gamma-radiation. Compared to the N22 cultivar, the dormancy of the mutant seeds was more readily broken when exposed to period of room temperature storage. The mutants also showed a reduced level of sensitivity to ABA compared to the N22 cultivar, although Q4359 was more insensitive than Q4646. A genetic analysis indicated that in both mutants, the reduced dormancy trait was caused by a single recessive allele of a nuclear gene, but that the mutated locus was different in each case. The results of quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping, based on the F(2) population from Q4359 x Nanjing35, s... Journal of Integrative Plant Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4633566 Mon, 21 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4633566 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4571347&cid=s_37899_62_f&fid=37899&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21375689%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study we found that overexpression of SGR (Ov-SGR) resulted in the generation of singlet oxygen and other reactive oxygen species and produced a chlorophyll-dependent regional cell death phenotype on leaves of rice seedlings. Transcriptome analyses using Affymetrix Rice GeneChips revealed that Ov-SGR rice seedlings exhibited a number of signs of singlet oxygen response. The genes and their associated biochemical pathways identified provide an insight into how rice plants respond to singlet oxygen at the molecular and physiologic level. PMID: 21375689 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Journal of Integrative Plant Biology) Journal of Integrative Plant Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4571347 Mon, 07 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4571347 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4571348&cid=s_37899_62_f&fid=37899&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21362134%26dopt%3DAbstract In this report, the role of both LUH and LUG on seed mucilage extrusion was examined. Seed mucilage extrusion occurs after the seeds are imbibed, serving as functional aid in seed hydration, germination, and dispersal. While luh-1 mutants exhibited strong defects in seed mucilage extrusion, lug-3 mutants exhibited a minor phenotype in mucilage extrusion. Further characterization indicates that luh-1 does not exhibit any obvious defect in seed epidermal cell differentiation, mucilage synthesis, or mucilage deposition, suggesting a specific role of LUH in mucilage extrusion. This seed mucilage phenotype of luh-1 is identical to that of mucilage modified 2 (mum2) mutants. MUM2 encodes a beta-galactosidase enzyme required for the modification of the mucilage. qRT-PCR of RNA extracted from sili... Journal of Integrative Plant Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4571348 Tue, 01 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4571348 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4571350&cid=s_37899_62_f&fid=37899&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21348939%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Zhou L, Duan J, Wang XM, Zhang HM, Duan MX, Liu JY Plant annexins represent a multigene family involved in cellular elongation and development. A cDNA encoding a novel annexin was isolated from a cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) fiber cDNA library and designated as GhAnx1. This gene encodes a 316-amino acid protein with a theoretical molecular mass of 36.06 kDa and a theoretical pI of 6.19. At the amino acid level, it shares high sequence similarity and has evolutionary relationships with annexins from higher plants. The purified recombinant protein expressed in Escherichia coli was used to investigate its physicochemical properties. Circular dichroism spectrum analyses showed a positive peak rising to the maximum at 196 nm and a broad negative band rounding 215 nm, suggesting that... Journal of Integrative Plant Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4571350 Wed, 23 Feb 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4571350 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4571349&cid=s_37899_62_f&fid=37899&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21348940%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, the transcriptional and metabolic changes in the pulp tissue of Citrus reticulata Blanco cv. 'Ponkan' were studied for three successive months under cold storage by Affymetrix Citrus GeneChip and gas chromatography, respectively. As many as 2161 differentially expressed transcripts were identified based on bayesian hierarchical model. The statistical analysis of gene ontology revealed that defense/stress related genes were induced quickly, while autophagy-related genes were over-represented in the late sampling stages, suggesting that the functional shift may coincide with the subsequent steps of chilling development. We further classified the potential regulatory components and concluded that ethylene may play the crucial role in chilling development in this non-climacteric... Journal of Integrative Plant Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4571349 Wed, 23 Feb 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4571349 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4517483&cid=s_37899_62_f&fid=37899&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21332641%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Wang B, Yuan J, Liu J, Jin L, Chen JQ The phenomenon of codon usage bias has been observed in a wide range of organisms. As organisms evolve, how their codon usage pattern change is still an intriguing question. In this article, we focused on the green plant mitochondrial genomes to analyze the codon usage patterns in different lineages, and more importantly, to investigate the possible change of determining forces during the plant evolution. Two patterns were observed between the separate lineages of green plants: Chlorophyta and Streptophyta. In Chlorophyta lineages, their codon usages showed substantial variation (from strongly A, T-biased to strongly G, C-biased); while in Streptophyta lineages, especially in the land plants, the overall codon usages are interestingly stab... Journal of Integrative Plant Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4517483 Fri, 18 Feb 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4517483 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4517484&cid=s_37899_62_f&fid=37899&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21324061%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Gan Q, Bai H, Zhao X, Tao Y, Zeng H, Han Y, Song W, Zhu L, Liu G Bacterial blight, caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo), is the most destructive bacterial disease of rice. The cloned rice gene Xa21 confers resistance to a broad spectrum of Xoo races. To identify genes involved in Xa21-mediated immunity, a whole-genome oligonucleotide microarray of rice was used to profile the expression of rice genes between incompatible interactions and mock treatments at 0, 4, 8, 24, 72 and 120 h post inoculation (hpi) or between incompatible and compatible interactions at 4 hpi, respectively. A total of 441 differentially expressed genes, designated as XDGs (Xa21 mediated Differentially expressed Genes), were identified. Based on their functional annotations, the XDGs were assign... Journal of Integrative Plant Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4517484 Thu, 17 Feb 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4517484 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4460290&cid=s_37899_62_f&fid=37899&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21294841%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, we isolated an allelic mutant of the AtECB2 gene, ecb2-2, which showed delayed greening phenotype but could complete their life cycle. In this mutant, the Thr(500) is converted to Ile(500) in the 13(th) PPR motif of the AtECB2 protein. Transmission electron microscopy demonstrated that chloroplast development was delayed in both the cotyledons and leaves of the mutant. An investigation of the chloroplast gene expression profile indicated that PEP (plastid-encoded RNA polymerase) activity in ecb2-2 cotyledons was not obviously affected, whereas it was severely impaired in ecb2-1. This result suggests that the PEP activities cause the different phenotypes of the ecb2-1 and ecb2-2 mutants. The editing efficiency of the three editing sites of accD (C794 and C1568) and ndhF (C290... Journal of Integrative Plant Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4460290 Mon, 07 Feb 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4460290 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4460289&cid=s_37899_62_f&fid=37899&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21294842%26dopt%3DAbstract This study found that tiller formation by LB4D plants was decreased by 40% compared with the wild type, in contrast to other dominant dwarf mutants that have been identified, indicating that a different dwarfing mechanism might be involved in the LB4D dominant mutant. The reduction of plant height in F(1) plants ranged from 27.9% to 38.1% in different genetic backgrounds, showing that LB4D exerted a stronger dominant dwarfing effect. Using large F(2) and F(3) populations derived from a cross between heterozygous LB4D and the japonica cultivar Nipponbare, the LB4D gene was localized to a 46 kb region between the markers Indel 4 and Indel G on the short arm of chromosome 11, and four predicted genes were identified as candidates in the target region. PMID: 21294842 [PubMed - as supplied ... Journal of Integrative Plant Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4460289 Mon, 07 Feb 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4460289 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4460292&cid=s_37899_62_f&fid=37899&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21261812%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Sang T Domestication of cereal crops has provided a stable source of food for thousands of years. The extent to which lignocellulosic crops will contribute to the world's renewable energy depends largely on how the new crops will be domesticated. Growing miscanthus as biofuel feedstocks on marginal and degraded land in northern and northwestern China offers an example for developing theoretical framework and practical strategies for energy crop domestication. The domestication should incorporate the highest possible genetic diversity from wild species, focus on the improvement of drought and cold tolerance especially in the stage of crop establishment, increase the efficiencies of water and nutrient uses and photosynthesis, adjust vegetative growing season according to local t... Journal of Integrative Plant Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4460292 Tue, 01 Feb 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4460292 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4460291&cid=s_37899_62_f&fid=37899&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21261813%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Hou S, Li L Rapid determination of the properties of lignocellulosic material is highly desirable for biomass production and utilization. In the present study, measurements of woody biomass digestibility and chemical composition using near-infrared reflectance (NIR) spectroscopy were calibrated. Poplar and eucalyptus materials were recorded in NIR spectrum as well as determined for their chemical compositions of Klason lignin, α-cellulose, holocellulose, lignin syringyl/guaiacyl (S/G) ratio and enzymatic digestibility. Fitting of the NIR information with chemical properties and digestibility by partial least-squares (PLS) regression generated a group of trained NIR models that were able to be used for rapid biomass measurement. Applying the models for woody biomass measuremen... Journal of Integrative Plant Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4460291 Tue, 01 Feb 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4460291 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4392818&cid=s_37899_62_f&fid=37899&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21214859%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Zhao H, Li S, Sheng J, Shen L, Yang Y, Yao B CORYNE (CRN) plays important roles in stem cell division and differentiation of shoot apical meristem (SAM) in Arabidopsis thaliana. Our current study is the first report to discover further possible peptides that interact with unique specificity with CRN by using the random-peptide phage display library. The cytoplasmic kinase domain of CRN has been cloned and expressed in Escherichia Coli, and further purified by two consecutive steps of affinity chromatography. By using this purified CRN as a ligand, 12 mer random-peptide library was employed to determine the specific amino acid sequences binding with the recombinant CRN molecule. After four rounds of biopanning, positive phage clones were isolated and sequenced, and further test... Journal of Integrative Plant Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4392818 Mon, 10 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4392818 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4392817&cid=s_37899_62_f&fid=37899&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21219586%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Peng L, Gutterson N PMID: 21219586 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Journal of Integrative Plant Biology) Journal of Integrative Plant Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4392817 Mon, 10 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4392817 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4392819&cid=s_37899_62_f&fid=37899&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21205192%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Parry MA, Jing HC PMID: 21205192 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Journal of Integrative Plant Biology) Journal of Integrative Plant Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4392819 Mon, 03 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4392819 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4392840&cid=s_37899_62_f&fid=37899&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21205170%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Liu CM PMID: 21205170 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Journal of Integrative Plant Biology) Journal of Integrative Plant Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4392840 Sat, 01 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4392840 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4392839&cid=s_37899_62_f&fid=37899&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21205171%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Lin A, Shen S, Wang G, Yi Q, Qiao H, Niu J, Pan G In mid-May 2008 a serious green tide caused mainly by floating Ulva prolifera (Müller) J. Agardh (Chlorophyta, Ulvales) thalli struck the coastal area of Qingdao, China. To understand the present physiological conditions of the floating alga, in this work both laboratory and field investigations were conducted on the floating U. prolifera thalli in comparison with the attached U. prolifera thalli collected from the area. The floating thalli of three distinctively different colors and attached thalli at three different stages of sporangium formation process were characterized under a microscope, while their photosynthetic parameters were determined with chlorophyll fluorescence technology. On the other hand, the sporangium form... Journal of Integrative Plant Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4392839 Sat, 01 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4392839 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4392838&cid=s_37899_62_f&fid=37899&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21205172%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Wang CL, Yang HL The tau class glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) have important roles in stress tolerance and the detoxification of herbicides in crops and weeds. Structural investigations of a wheat tau GST (TaGSTU4) show two subunit interactions: a hydrogen bond between the Tyr93 and Pro65 from another subunit of the dimer, and two salt bridges between residues Glu78 and side chains of Arg95 and Arg99 in the opposite subunit. By investigating enzyme activities, kinetic parameters and structural characterizations, this study showed the following results: (i) the hydrogen bond interaction between the Tyr93 and Pro65 was not essential for dimerization, but contributed to the enzyme's catalytic activity, thermal stability and affinity towards substrates glutathione and 1-chloro-... Journal of Integrative Plant Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4392838 Sat, 01 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4392838 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4392837&cid=s_37899_62_f&fid=37899&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21205173%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, we investigated the effects of H(2) O(2) pretreatment on aluminum (Al) induced antioxidant responses in root tips of two wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes, Yangmai-5 (Al-sensitive) and Jian-864 (Al-tolerant). Al increased accumulation of H(2) O(2) and O(2) (•-) leading to more predominant lipid peroxidation, programmed cell death and root elongation inhibition in Yangmai-5 than in Jian-864. However, H(2) O(2) pretreatment alleviated Al-induced deleterious effects in both genotypes. Under Al stress, H(2) O(2) pretreatment increased the activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, peroxidase, ascorbate peroxidase and monodehydroascorbate reductase, glutathione reductase and glutathione peroxidase as well as the levels of ascorbate and glutathione more significantly in ... Journal of Integrative Plant Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4392837 Sat, 01 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4392837 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4392836&cid=s_37899_62_f&fid=37899&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21205174%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Hou X, Liu S, Pierri F, Dai X, Qu LJ, Zhao Y Flavin monooxygenases (FMOs) play critical roles in plant growth and development by synthesizing auxin and other signaling molecules. However, the structure and function relationship within plant FMOs is not understood. Here we defined the important residues and domains of the Arabidopsis YUC1 FMO, a key enzyme in auxin biosynthesis. We previously showed that simultaneous inactivation of YUC1 and its homologue YUC4 caused severe defects in vascular and floral development. We mutagenized the yuc4 mutant and screened for mutants with phenotypes similar to those of yuc1 yuc4 double mutants. Among the isolated mutants, five of them contained mutations in the YUC1 gene. Interestingly, the mutations identified in the new yuc1 alleles were... Journal of Integrative Plant Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4392836 Sat, 01 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4392836 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4392835&cid=s_37899_62_f&fid=37899&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21205175%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Sun M, Liu CM PMID: 21205175 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Journal of Integrative Plant Biology) Journal of Integrative Plant Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4392835 Sat, 01 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4392835 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4392834&cid=s_37899_62_f&fid=37899&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21205176%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Zhu Y, Lu J, Wang J, Chen F, Leng F, Li H Thermogenesis is a process of heat production in living organisms. It is rare in plants, but it does occur in some species of angiosperm. The heat is generated via plant mitochondrial respiration. As possible involvement in thermogenesis of mitochondrial factors, alternative oxidases (AOXs) and plant uncoupling mitochondrial proteins (PUMPs) have been well studied. AOXs and PUMPs are ubiquitously present in the inner membrane of plant mitochondria. They serve as two major energy dissipation systems that balance mitochondrial respiration and uncoupled phosphorylation by dissipating the H+ redox energy and proton electrochemical gradient (ΔμH+) as heat, respectively. AOXs and PUMPs exert similar physiological functions during homeother... Journal of Integrative Plant Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4392834 Sat, 01 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4392834 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4392833&cid=s_37899_62_f&fid=37899&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21205177%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Gong C, Li T, Li Q, Yan L, Wang T Rad21 and its meiotic counterpart Rec8, the key components of the cohesin complex, are essential for sister chromatid cohesion and chromosome segregation in mitosis and meiosis, respectively. In contrast to yeast and vertebrates, which have only two RAD21/REC8 genes, the rice genome encodes four Rad21/Rec8 proteins. Here, we report on the cloning and characterization of OsRAD21-2 from rice (Oryza sativa L.). Phylogenetic analysis of the full-length amino acids showed that OsRad21-2 was grouped into the plant-specific Rad21 subfamily. Semi-quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction revealed OsRAD21-2 preferentially expressed in premeiotic flowers. Further RNA in situ hybridization analysis and promoter::β-glucuronidase staini... Journal of Integrative Plant Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4392833 Sat, 01 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4392833 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4392832&cid=s_37899_62_f&fid=37899&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21205178%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Dou XY, Yang KZ, Zhang Y, Wang W, Liu XL, Chen LQ, Zhang XQ, Ye D In flowering plants, the exine components are derived from tapetum. Despite its importance to sexual plant reproduction, little is known about the translocation of exine materials from tapetum to developing microspores. Here we report functional characterization of the arabidopsis WBC27 gene. WBC27 encodes an adenosine tri-phosphate binding cassette (ABC) transporter and is expressed preferentially in tapetum. Mutation of WBC27 disrupted the exine formation. The wbc27 mutant microspores began to degenerate once released from tetrads and most of the microspores collapsed at the uninucleate stage. Only a small number of wbc27-1 microspores could develop into tricellular pollen grains. These survival pollen grains ... Journal of Integrative Plant Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4392832 Sat, 01 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4392832 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4392831&cid=s_37899_62_f&fid=37899&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21205180%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Moe KT, Chung JW, Cho YI, Moon JK, Ku JH, Jung JK, Lee J, Park YJ Mungbean (Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek) is a unique species in its ability to fix atmospheric nitrogen, with early maturity, and relatively good drought resistance. We used 454 sequencing technology for transcriptome sequencing. A total of 150 159 and 142 993 reads produced 5 254 and 6 374 large contigs (≥ 500 bp) with an average length of 833 and 853 for Sunhwa and Jangan, respectively. Functional annotation to known sequences yielded 41.34% and 41.74% unigenes for Jangan and Sunhwa. A higher number of simple sequence repeat (SSR) motifs was identified in Jangan (1 630) compared with that of Sunhwa (1 334). A similar SSR distribution pattern was observed in both varieties. A total of 8 249 single nucleotide pol... Journal of Integrative Plant Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4392831 Sat, 01 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4392831 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4392820&cid=s_37899_62_f&fid=37899&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21205191%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Zhao H, Yu J, You FM, Luo M, Peng J Miscanthus sinensis has high biomass yield and contributed two of the three genomes in M. x giganteus, a bioenergy crop widely studied in Europe and North America, and thus is a potential biomass crop and an important germplasm for miscanthus breeding. Molecular markers are essential for germplasm evaluation, genetic analyses and new cultivar development in M. sinensis. In the present study, we reported transferability of SSR markers from Brachypodium distachyon to M. sinensis. A set of 57 SSR markers evenly distributed across the B. distachyon genome were deliberately designed. Out of these B. distachyon SSR markers, 86.0% are transferable to M. sinensis. The SSR loci amplified in M. sinensis were validated by re-sequencing of the amplicons... Journal of Integrative Plant Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4392820 Wed, 22 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4392820 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4392821&cid=s_37899_62_f&fid=37899&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21205190%26dopt%3DAbstract This study represents the first report on third generation biofuel production from invasive macroalgae, suggesting that there is great potential for the production of renewable energy using marine invasive biomass. PMID: 21205190 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Journal of Integrative Plant Biology) Journal of Integrative Plant Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4392821 Fri, 17 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4392821 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4392824&cid=s_37899_62_f&fid=37899&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21205187%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Shen P, Wang R, Jing W, Zhang W PLDα is involved in plant response to salt stress, but the mechanisms keep unclear. We investigated rice PLDα (OsPLDα) localization and its effect on tonoplast (TP) and plasma membrane (PM) H(+) -ATPase activity and transcription in response to NaCl. When rice suspension-cultured cells were treated with 100 mM NaCl, PLDα activity in cell extracts showed a transient activation with a 3-fold increase at 1 h. The amount of OsPLDα protein decreased slightly in the cytosolic fractions, whereas increased significantly in the TP after NaCl treatment. OsPLDα1 knockdown cells were developed using RNA interference (RNAi) methods. The increase in TP and PM H(+) -ATPase activity induced by NaCl was significantly inhibited in OsPLDα1-RNAi cells. Knock... Journal of Integrative Plant Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4392824 Thu, 16 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4392824 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4392823&cid=s_37899_62_f&fid=37899&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21205188%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Xie G, Peng L Biomass utilization is increasingly considered as a practical way for sustainable energy supply and long-term environment care around the world. In concerns with food security in China, starch or sugar-based bioethanol and edible-oil-derived biodiesel are harshly restricted for large scale production. However, conversion of lignocellulosic residues from food crops is a potential alternative. Because of its recalcitrance, current biomass process is unacceptably expensive, but genetic breeding of energy crops is a promising solution. To meet the need, energy crops are defined with a high yield for both food and biofuel purposes. In this review, main grasses (rice, wheat, maize, sorghum and miscanthus) are evaluated for high biomass production, the principles are di... Journal of Integrative Plant Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4392823 Thu, 16 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4392823 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4392822&cid=s_37899_62_f&fid=37899&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21205189%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Byrt CS, Grof CP, Furbank RT The main feedstocks for bioethanol are sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum) and maize (Zea mays), both of which are C(4) grasses, highly efficient at converting solar energy into chemical energy, and both are food crops. As the systems for lignocellulosic bioethanol production become more efficient and cost effective, plant biomass from any source may be used as a feedstock for bioethanol production. Thus, a move away from using food plants to make fuel is possible, and sources of biomass such as wood from forestry and plant waste from cropping may be used. However, the bioethanol industry will need a continuous and reliable supply of biomass that can be produced at a low cost and with minimal use of water, fertilizer and arable land. As many C(4) pla... Journal of Integrative Plant Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4392822 Thu, 16 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4392822 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4392825&cid=s_37899_62_f&fid=37899&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21205186%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Vermerris W Bioenergy crops currently provide the only source of alternative energy with the potential to reduce the use of fossil transportation fuels in a way that is compatible with existing engine technology, including in developing countries. Even though bioenergy research is currently receiving considerable attention, many of the concepts are not new, but rather build on intense research efforts from 30 years ago. A major difference with that era is the availability of genomics tools that have the potential to accelerate crop improvement significantly. This review is focused on maize, sorghum and sugarcane as representatives of bioenergy grasses that produce sugar and/or lignocellulosic biomass. Examples of how genetic mapping, forward and reverse genetics, high-throughp... Journal of Integrative Plant Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4392825 Tue, 14 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4392825 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4392828&cid=s_37899_62_f&fid=37899&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21205183%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, we have carried out a genome-wide identification and characterization of this gene family in sorghum. Our data show that the genome encodes at least 92 bZIP transcription factors. These bZIP genes have been expanded mainly by segmental duplication. Such an expansion mechanism has also been observed in rice, arabidopsis and many other plant organisms, suggesting a common expansion mode of this gene family in plants. Further investigation shows that most of bZIP members have been present in the most recent common ancestor of sorghum and rice and the major expansion would occur before the sorghum-rice split era. Although these bZIP genes have been duplicated with a long history, they exhibited limited functional divergence as shown by nonsynonymous substitutions (Ka)/synonymous... Journal of Integrative Plant Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4392828 Tue, 07 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4392828 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4392827&cid=s_37899_62_f&fid=37899&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21205184%26dopt%3DAbstract This study revealed that dynamic changes in at least 16% of the total transcripts, including transcription factors, oxidoreductases/transferases/hydrolases, hormone-related genes, and effectors of homeostasis. The reliability of these differentially expressed genes was verified by quantitative real-time RT-PCR. These studies should facilitate our understanding of the storage root formation and cassava improvement. PMID: 21205184 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Journal of Integrative Plant Biology) Journal of Integrative Plant Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4392827 Tue, 07 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4392827 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4392826&cid=s_37899_62_f&fid=37899&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21205185%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Guo C, Cui W, Feng X, Zhao J, Lu G Sorghum has high levels of starch, sugar, and fiber and is one of the most important energy crops in the world. Insect damage is one of the challenges that impacts sorghum biomass production. There are at least 150 insect species which can infest sorghum varieties worldwide. These insects can complete several generations within a growing season, they target various parts of sorghum plants at developmental stages, and they cause significant biomass losses. Genetic research has revealed the existence of resistant genetics in sorghum and insect tolerant sorghum varieties have been identified. Various control methods have been developed, yet more effective management is needed for increasing sorghum biomass production. Although there are no trans... Journal of Integrative Plant Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4392826 Tue, 07 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4392826 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4392830&cid=s_37899_62_f&fid=37899&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21205181%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Karp A, Hanley SJ, Trybush SO, Macalpine W, Pei M, Shield I Willows (Salix spp.) are a very diverse group of catkin-bearing trees and shrubs that are widely distributed across temperate regions of the globe. Some species respond well to being grown in short rotation coppice (SRC) cycles which are much shorter than conventional forestry. Coppicing reinvigorates growth and the biomass rapidly accumulated can be used as a source of renewable carbon for bioenergy and biofuels. As SRC willows re-distribute nutrients during the perennial cycle they require only minimal nitrogen fertiliser for growth. This results in fuel chains with potentially high greenhouse gas reductions. To exploit their potential for renewable energy, willows need to be kept free of pests and diseases and yiel... Journal of Integrative Plant Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4392830 Wed, 01 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4392830 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4392829&cid=s_37899_62_f&fid=37899&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21205182%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Ntuli TM, Finch-Savage WE, Berjak P, Pammenter NW The potential to cryopreserve embryonic axes of desiccation-sensitive (recalcitrant) seeds is limited by damage during the desiccation necessary for low temperature survival, but the basis of this injury and how to reduce it is not well understood. The effects of drying rate on the viability, respiratory metabolism and free radical-mediated processes were therefore investigated during dehydration of Quercus robur embryonic axes. Viability, assessed by evidence of germination and tetrazolium staining, showed a sharp decline at c. 0.27 and 0.8 g g(-1) during rapid (< 12h) or slow (c. 3 days) dehydration, respectively. Rapid dehydration therefore lowered the critical water content for survival. At any given water content rapid ... Journal of Integrative Plant Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4392829 Wed, 01 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4392829 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4214769&cid=s_37899_62_f&fid=37899&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21106003%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Li YD, Chu ZZ, Liu XG, Jing HC, Liu YG, Hao DY High-resolution melting (HRM) analysis relies on the use of fluorescent dyes, such as LCGreen, ResoLight, and SYTO9, which bind in a saturated manner to the double-stranded DNAs. These dyes are expensive in use and may not be affordable when dealing with a large quantity of samples. EvaGreen is a much cheaper DNA helix intercalating dye and has been used in quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and post-PCR DNA melt curve analysis. Here we report on the development of an EvaGreen-based HRM analysis and its performance, in comparison with the popular LCGreen-based HRM analysis, in detection of DNA polymorphism in plants. We found that various polymorphisms ranged from single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) to Indel... Journal of Integrative Plant Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4214769 Wed, 01 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4214769 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4214768&cid=s_37899_62_f&fid=37899&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21106004%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Han B, Chen S, Dai S, Yang N, Wang T Mature pollen grains (PGs) from most plant species are metabolically quiescent. However, once pollinated onto stigma, they quickly hydrate and germinate. A PG can give rise to a vegetative cell-derived polarized pollen tube (PT), which represents a specialized polar cell. The polarized PT grows by the tip and requires interaction of different signaling molecules localized in the apical plasma membrane and active membrane trafficking. The mechanisms underlying the interaction and membrane trafficking are not well understood. In this work, we purified PG and PT plasma-membrane vesicles from Lilium davidii Duch. using the aqueous two-phase partition technique, then enriched plasma membrane proteins by using Brij58 and KCl to remove loosely bou... Journal of Integrative Plant Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4214768 Wed, 01 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4214768 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4214767&cid=s_37899_62_f&fid=37899&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21106005%26dopt%3DAbstract The objectives of the present study were to monitor gene expression in developing kernels in response to drought stress and to identify drought-responsive genes for possible use in germplasm assessment. The maize breeding line Tex6 was used, and gene expression profiles were analyzed in developing kernels under drought stress verses well-watered conditions at the stages of 25, 30, 35, 40, 45 d after pollination (DAP) using the 70 mer maize oligo-arrays. A total of 9 573 positive array spots were detected with unique gene IDs, and 7 988 were common in both stressed and well-watered samples. Expression patterns of some genes in several stress response-associated pathways, including abscisic acid, jasmonic acid and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, were examined, and these specific genes were resp... Journal of Integrative Plant Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4214767 Wed, 01 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4214767 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4214766&cid=s_37899_62_f&fid=37899&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21106006%26dopt%3DAbstract This study identifies many BR-regulated proteins and demonstrates that OsGRP1 functions downstream in the BR signal transduction pathway to promote cell expansion. PMID: 21106006 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Journal of Integrative Plant Biology) Journal of Integrative Plant Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4214766 Wed, 01 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4214766 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4214765&cid=s_37899_62_f&fid=37899&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21106007%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Wang ZH, Duan CQ Although considerable research has focused on the relationship between ecosystem structure and function, interactions of plant morphological characteristics, species composition and richness with eco-hydrological functions remain unclear. We measured water adherence (i.e. the capacity of a plant species to retain water), documented plant surface morphology and observed surface runoff at three sites in China. The adhering water ratios for each plant species differed, ranging from 17.1% to 151.5% in leaves, and from 14.4% to 41.1% in branches. Small, light-weight, soft, non-cuticularized leaves that were densely situated on small branches showed good water adherence. The next best adherence was found by branches with intermediately coarse surfaces. The plant spe... Journal of Integrative Plant Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4214765 Wed, 01 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4214765 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4214764&cid=s_37899_62_f&fid=37899&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21106008%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Wang B, Liu J, Jin L, Feng XY, Chen JQ Mutation and selection are two major forces causing codon usage biases. How these two forces influence the codon usages in green plant mitochondrial genomes has not been well investigated. In the present study, we surveyed five bryophyte mitochondrial genomes to reveal their codon usage patterns as well as the determining forces. Three interesting findings were made. First, comparing to Chara vulgaris, an algal species sister to all extant land plants, bryophytes have more G, C-ending codon usages in their mitochondrial genes. This is consistent with the generally higher genomic GC content in bryophyte mitochondria, suggesting an increased mutational pressure toward GC. Second, as indicated by Wright's Nc-GC3s plot, mutation, not selectio... Journal of Integrative Plant Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4214764 Wed, 01 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4214764 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4214763&cid=s_37899_62_f&fid=37899&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21106009%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Ran JH, Wang PP, Zhao HJ, Wang XQ DNA barcoding, as a tool for species discrimination, has been used efficiently in animals, algae and fungi, but there are still debates on which DNA region(s) can be used as the standard barcode(s) for land plants. Gymnosperms, especially conifers, are important components of forests, and there is an urgent need for them to be identified through DNA barcoding because of their high frequency of collection in the field. However, the feasibility of DNA barcoding in gymnosperms has not been examined based on a dense species sampling. Here we selected seven candidate DNA barcodes from the plastome (matK, rbcL, rpoB, rpoC1, atpF-atpH, psbA-trnH, and psbK-psbI) to evaluate their suitability in Picea (spruce). The results showed that none of them or t... Journal of Integrative Plant Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4214763 Wed, 01 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4214763 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4121721&cid=s_37899_62_f&fid=37899&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20977652%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Chen X, Zhang Z, Liu D, Zhang K, Li A, Mao L SQUAMOSA Promoter-Binding Protein-Like (SPL) genes encode plant-specific transcription factors that play important roles in plant phase transition, flower and fruit development, plant architecture, gibberellins signaling, sporogenesis, and response to copper and fungal toxins. In Arabidopsis, many SPL genes are post-transcriptionally regulated by the microRNA (miRNA) miR156, among which AtSPL9 in turn positively regulates the expression of the second miRNA miR172. This miR156-AtSPL9-miR172 regulatory pathway plays critical roles during juvenile to adult leaf development and the miR156-SPLs feedback interaction persists all through the plant development, which may be conserved in other plants. In the present paper, we provide a conci... Journal of Integrative Plant Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4121721 Sun, 31 Oct 2010 23:56:33 +0100 4121721 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4121720&cid=s_37899_62_f&fid=37899&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20977653%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Zhou Y, Yang Z, Guo G, Guo Y The microfilament (MF) cytoskeleton has crucial functions in plant development. Recent studies have revealed the function of MFs in diverse stress response. Alkaline stress is harmful to plant growth; however, it remains unclear whether the MFs play a role in alkaline stress. In the present study, we find that blocking MF assembly with latrunculin B (Lat B) leads to inhibition of plant root growth, and stabilization of MFs with phalloidin does not significantly affect plant root growth under normal conditions. In high external pH conditions, MF de-polymerization is induced and that associates with the reduction of root growth; phalloidin treatment partially rescues this reduction. Moreover, Lat B treatment further decreases the survival rate of see... Journal of Integrative Plant Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4121720 Sun, 31 Oct 2010 23:56:23 +0100 4121720 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4121719&cid=s_37899_62_f&fid=37899&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20977654%26dopt%3DAbstract In this report, we modified the transformation system in L. japonicus, and constructed different RNAi transgenes to target different LjCYC genes. The expression of three endogenous LjCYC genes was specifically suppressed by different specific RNAi transgenes, and a chimerical RNAi transgene that contains the specific sequences from LjCYC1 and LjCYC2 was found to downregulate the expression of both endogenous genes simultaneously. Effects of silencing three LjCYC genes were mainly restricted on either dorsal or lateral petals, demonstrating their dorsalizing and lateralizing activities during the development of zygomorphic flower. Furthermore, abolishing the expression of three LjCYC genes could give rise to complete loss of dorsoventral (DV) differentiation in the flower whose petals all r... Journal of Integrative Plant Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4121719 Sun, 31 Oct 2010 23:56:11 +0100 4121719 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4121718&cid=s_37899_62_f&fid=37899&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20977655%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Chen F, He G, He H, Chen W, Zhu X, Liang M, Chen L, Deng XW Heterosis, or hybrid vigor, is the phenomenon whereby progeny of two inbred lines exhibit superior agronomic performance compared with either parent. We analyzed the expression of miRNAs and highly expressed small RNAs (defined according to Solexa sequencing results) in two rice (Oryza sativa) subspecies (japonica cv. Nipponbare and indica cv. 93-11) and their reciprocal hybrids using microarrays. We found that of all the 1141 small RNAs tested, 140 (12%, 140 of 1141) and 157 (13%, 157 of 1141) were identified being significantly differentially expressed in two reciprocal hybrids, respectively. All possible modes of action, including additive, high- and low- parent, above high- and below low-parent modes were exhibite... Journal of Integrative Plant Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4121718 Sun, 31 Oct 2010 23:55:56 +0100 4121718 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4121717&cid=s_37899_62_f&fid=37899&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20977656%26dopt%3DAbstract This study provides new insights into the complex molecular networks within plant leaves involved in the adaptation to osmotic stress and stress signals. PMID: 20977656 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Journal of Integrative Plant Biology) Journal of Integrative Plant Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4121717 Sun, 31 Oct 2010 23:55:43 +0100 4121717 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4121716&cid=s_37899_62_f&fid=37899&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20977657%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Zhang LY, Liu DC, Guo XL, Yang WL, Sun JZ, Wang DW, Zhang A A major objective of quantitative trait locus (QTL) studies is to find genes/markers that can be used in breeding programs via marker assisted selection (MAS). We surveyed the QTLs for yield and yield-related traits and their genomic distributions in common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in the available published reports. We then carried out a meta-QTL (MQTL) analysis to identify the major and consistent QTLs for these traits. In total, 55 MQTLs were identified, of which 12 significant MQTLs were located on wheat chromosomes 1A, 1B, 2A, 2D, 3B, 4A, 4B, 4D and 5A. Our study showed that the genetic control of yield and its components in common wheat involved the important genes such as Rht and Vrn. Furthermore, several s... Journal of Integrative Plant Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4121716 Sun, 31 Oct 2010 23:55:35 +0100 4121716 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4121715&cid=s_37899_62_f&fid=37899&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20977658%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Gui YJ, Zhou Y, Wang Y, Wang S, Wang SY, Hu Y, Bo SP, Chen H, Zhou CP, Ma NX, Zhang TZ, Fan LJ Bamboo occupies an important phylogenetic node in the grass family and plays a significant role in the forest industry. We produced 1.2 Mb of tetraploid moso bamboo (Phyllostachys pubescens E. Mazel ex H. de Leh.) sequences from 13 bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) clones, and these are the largest genomic sequences available so far from the subfamily Bambusoideae. The content of repetitive elements (36.2%) in bamboo is similar to that in rice. Both rice and sorghum exhibit high genomic synteny with bamboo, which suggests that rice and sorghum may be useful as models for decoding Bambusoideae genomes. PMID: 20977658 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Journal of Inte... Journal of Integrative Plant Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4121715 Sun, 31 Oct 2010 23:55:22 +0100 4121715 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4121714&cid=s_37899_62_f&fid=37899&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20977659%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Zhang X, Zong J, Liu J, Yin J, Zhang D WUSCHEL-related homeobox (WOX) genes form a large gene family specifically expressed in plants. They are known to play important roles in regulating the development of plant tissues and organs by determining cell fate. Recent available whole genome sequences allow us to do more comprehensive phylogenetic analysis of the WOX genes in plants. In the present study, we identified 11 and 21 WOXs from sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) and maize (Zea mays), respectively. The 72 WOX genes from rice (Oryza sativa), sorghum, maize, Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) and poplar (Populus trichocarpa) were grouped into three well supported clades with nine subgroups according to the amino acid sequences of their homodomains. Their phylogenetic relationship wa... Journal of Integrative Plant Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4121714 Sun, 31 Oct 2010 23:55:17 +0100 4121714 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4121713&cid=s_37899_62_f&fid=37899&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20977660%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Wang T, Uauy C, Till B, Liu CM PMID: 20977660 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Journal of Integrative Plant Biology) Journal of Integrative Plant Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4121713 Sun, 31 Oct 2010 23:55:11 +0100 4121713 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4040342&cid=s_37899_62_f&fid=37899&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20883437%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Lu S PMID: 20883437 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Journal of Integrative Plant Biology) Journal of Integrative Plant Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4040342 Thu, 30 Sep 2010 23:00:00 +0100 4040342 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4040341&cid=s_37899_62_f&fid=37899&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20883438%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Ye JL, Zhu AD, Tao NG, Xu Q, Xu J, Deng XX Expressed sequence tag (EST) analysis of the pulp of the red-fleshed mutant 'Cara Cara' navel orange provided a starting point for gene discovery and transcriptome survey during citrus fruit maturation. Interpretation of the EST datasets revealed that the mutant pulp transcriptome held a high section of stress responses related genes, such as the type III metallothionein-like gene (6.0%), heat shock protein (2.8%), Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (0.8%), late embryogenesis abundant protein 5 (0.8%), etc. 133 transcripts were detected to be differentially expressed between the red mutant and its orange-color wild genotype 'Washington' via digital expression analysis. Among them, genes involved in metabolism, defense/stress and signal transd... Journal of Integrative Plant Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4040341 Thu, 30 Sep 2010 23:00:00 +0100 4040341 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4040340&cid=s_37899_62_f&fid=37899&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20883439%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Sun TH, Liu CQ, Hui YY, Wu WK, Zhou ZG, Lu S Carotenoids are important plant pigments for both light harvesting and photooxidation protection. Using the model system of the unicellular green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, we characterized the regulation of gene expression for carotenoid metabolism by quantifying changes in the transcript abundance of dxs, dxr and ipi in the plastidic methylerythritol phosphate pathway and of ggps, psy, pds, lcyb and bchy, directly involved in carotenoid metabolism, under different photoperiod, light and metabolite treatments. The expression of these genes fluctuated with light/dark shifting. Light treatment also promoted the accumulation of transcripts of all these genes. Of the genes studied, dxs, ggps and lcyb displayed the typical circadia... Journal of Integrative Plant Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4040340 Thu, 30 Sep 2010 23:00:00 +0100 4040340 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4040339&cid=s_37899_62_f&fid=37899&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20883440%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, we cloned a novel myrosinase gene, CpTGG1, from Carica papaya Linnaeus. and showed that it was expressed in the aboveground tissues in planta. The recombinant CpTGG1 expressed in Pichia pastoris catalyzed the hydrolysis of both sinigrin and glucotropaeolin (the only thioglucoside present in papaya), showing that CpTGG1 was indeed a functional myrosinase gene. Sequence alignment analysis indicated that CpTGG1 contained all the motifs conserved in functional myrosinases from crucifers, except for two aglycon-binding motifs, suggesting substrate priority variation of the non-cruciferous myrosinases. Using sinigrin as substrate, the apparent K(m) and V(max) values of recombinant CpTGG1 were 2.82 mM and 59.9 μmol min(-1) mg protein(-1) , respectively. The K(cat) /K(m) value was ... Journal of Integrative Plant Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4040339 Thu, 30 Sep 2010 23:00:00 +0100 4040339 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4040338&cid=s_37899_62_f&fid=37899&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20883441%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Jung Y, Park J, Choi Y, Yang JG, Kim D, Kim BG, Roh K, Lee DH, Auh CK, Lee S Arabis stelleri var. japonica evidenced stronger osmotic stress tolerance than Arabidopsis thaliana. Using an A. thaliana microarray chip, we determined changes in the expression of approximately 2 800 genes between A. stelleri plants treated with 0.2 M mannitol versus mock-treated plants. The most significant changes in the gene expression patterns were in genes defining cellular components or in genes associated with the endomembrane system, stimulus response, stress response, chemical stimulus response, and defense response. The expression patterns of three de novo proline biosynthesis enzymes were evaluated in A. stelleri var. japonica seedlings treated with 0.2 M mannitol, 0.2 M sorbitol, and 0.2... Journal of Integrative Plant Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4040338 Thu, 30 Sep 2010 23:00:00 +0100 4040338 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4040337&cid=s_37899_62_f&fid=37899&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20883442%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Jiang ZJ, Huang XP, Zhang JP The effects of CO(2) enrichment on various ecophysiological parameters of tropical seagrass Thalassia hemprichii (Ehrenb.) Aschers were tested. T. hemprichii, collected from a seagrass bed in Xincun Bay, Hainan island of Southern China, was cultured at 4 CO(2) (aq) concentrations in flow-through seawater aquaria bubbled with CO(2) . CO(2) enrichment considerably enhanced the relative maximum electron transport rate (RETR(max) ) and minimum saturating irradiance (E(k) ) of T. hemprichii. Leaf growth rate of CO(2) -enriched plants was significantly higher than that in unenriched treatment. Nonstructural carbohydrates (NSC) of T. hemprichii, especially in belowground tissues, increased strongly with elevated CO(2) (aq), suggesting a translocation of p... Journal of Integrative Plant Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4040337 Thu, 30 Sep 2010 23:00:00 +0100 4040337 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4040336&cid=s_37899_62_f&fid=37899&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20883443%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Dong CJ, Wang Y, Yu SS, Liu JY The rice (Oryza sativa L.) metallothionein gene OsMT-I-4b has previously been identified as a type I MT gene. To elucidate the regulatory mechanism involved in its tissue specificity and abiotic induction, we isolated a 1 730 bp fragment of the OsMT-I-4b promoter region. Histochemical β-glucuronidase (GUS) staining indicated a precise spacial and temporal expression pattern in transgenic Arabidopsis. Higher GUS activity was detected in the roots and the buds of flower stigmas, and relatively lower GUS staining in the shoots was restricted to the trichomes and hydathodes of leaves. No activity was observed in the stems and seeds. Additionally, in the root of transgenic plants, the promoter activity was highly upregulated by various environmental ... Journal of Integrative Plant Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4040336 Thu, 30 Sep 2010 23:00:00 +0100 4040336 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4040335&cid=s_37899_62_f&fid=37899&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20883444%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Chen W, Gai Y, Liu S, Wang R, Jiang X The present paper introduces a highly sensitive and selective method for simultaneous quantification of 12 cytokinins (free form and their conjugates). The method includes a protocol of extraction with methanol/water/formic acid (15/4/1, v/v/v) to the micro-scale samples, pre-purification with solid phase extraction (SPE) cartridges of the extracts, separation with a high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and detection by an electrospray ionization ion trap mass spectrometry (ESI-Ion trap-MS) system in a consecutive ion monitoring (CRM) mode at the three stage fragmentation of mass spectrometry (MS(3) ). The lowest detection level of the cytokinins of the method reaches 0.1-2.0 pg with a very wide range of linear regression from 1-5... Journal of Integrative Plant Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4040335 Thu, 30 Sep 2010 23:00:00 +0100 4040335 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4040334&cid=s_37899_62_f&fid=37899&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20883445%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Jellouli N, Salem AB, Ghorbel A, Jouira HB An efficient protein extraction method is crucial to ensure successful separation by two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) for recalcitrant plant species, in particular for grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.). Trichloroacetic acid-acetone (TCA-acetone) and phenol extraction methods were evaluated for proteome analysis of leaves and roots from the Tunisian cultivar 'Razegui'. The phenol-based protocol proved to give a higher protein yield, a greater spot resolution, and a minimal streaking on 2-DE gels for both leaf and root tissues compared with the TCA-based protocol. Furthermore, the highest numbers of detected proteins on 2-DE gels were observed using the phenol extraction from leaves and roots as compared with TCA-acetone extraction. ... Journal of Integrative Plant Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4040334 Thu, 30 Sep 2010 23:00:00 +0100 4040334 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3911200&cid=s_37899_62_f&fid=37899&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20738721%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Song X, Guo P, Li C, Liu CM Receptor-like proteins (RLPs) are involved in both plant defense and developmental processes. Previous genetic and biochemical studies show that the leucine-rich repeat (LRR) receptor-like protein CLAVATA2 (CLV2) functions together with CLAVATA1 (CLV1) and CORYNE (CRN) in Arabidopsis to limit the stem cell number in shoot apical meristem, while in root it acts with CRN to trigger a premature differentiation of the stem cells after sensing the exogenously applied peptides of CLV3p, CLE19p or CLE40p. It has been proposed that disulfide bonds might be formed through two cysteine pairs in the extracellular LRR domains of CLV1 and CLV2 to stabilize the receptor complex. Here we tested the hypothesis by replacing these cysteines with alanines and showed t... Journal of Integrative Plant Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3911200 Sat, 28 Aug 2010 08:51:32 +0100 3911200 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3911199&cid=s_37899_62_f&fid=37899&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20738722%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Xin YY, Deng AJ, Du GH, Zhang JL, Qin HL The (1)H nuclear magnetic resonance ((1)H NMR) fingerprints of fractionated non-polar and polar extracts (control substance for plant drug [CSPD] A and B) from the roots of 12 specimens of Saposhnikovia divaricata (Turcz.) Schischk were achieved with Fourier Transform (FT)-NMR spectrometer and assigned by comparison to each other and to the (1)H NMR spectra of the isolated individual compounds. These fingerprints were found to be uniform in terms of the specificity for the implication of all 12 specimens being systematically of the same origin. The uniformity was further affirmed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), which also revealed exactly identical specificity for the identified S. divaricata species with the (1)H NMR ... Journal of Integrative Plant Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3911199 Sat, 28 Aug 2010 08:51:29 +0100 3911199 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3911198&cid=s_37899_62_f&fid=37899&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20738723%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Wang ZG, Xu TH, Liu C, Yang CH Purification of photosystem II (PSII) core complexes is a time-consuming and low-efficiency process. In order to isolate pure and active PSII core complexes in large amounts, we have developed a fast method to isolate highly active monomeric and dimeric PSII core complexes from spinach leaves by using sucrose gradient ultracentrifugation. By using a vertical rotor the process was completed significantly faster compared with a swing-out rotor. In order to keep the core complexes in high activity, the whole isolation procedure was performed in the presence of glycine betain and pH at 6.3. The isolated pigment-protein complexes were characterized by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, absorption spectroscopy, 77 K fluorescence... Journal of Integrative Plant Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3911198 Sat, 28 Aug 2010 08:51:25 +0100 3911198 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3911197&cid=s_37899_62_f&fid=37899&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20738724%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Lu H, Zou Y, Feng N Plants are equipped to recognize invading pathogenic microbes and activate innate immune responses by sensing pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs). PAMP-triggered immunity (PTI) is critical for plant resistance to potential pathogens. Although the mechanism by which PTI is activated has been intensively studied, exactly how plants prevent unregulated immune responses is less well understood. Here we provide evidence that AHL20, an AT-hook containing DNA-binding protein, negatively regulates PTI. Overexpression of AHL20 as a stable transgene suppressed PAMP-induced NHO1 and FRK1 expression in Arabidopsis plants. Similarly, transient expression of the closely related family members AHL19, AHL15, and AHL27 in protoplasts also blocked PAMP-induced gen... Journal of Integrative Plant Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3911197 Sat, 28 Aug 2010 08:51:21 +0100 3911197 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3911196&cid=s_37899_62_f&fid=37899&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20738725%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Yuan M, Xu MY, Yuan S, Chen YE, Du JB, Xu F, Zhang ZW, Guo ZC, Zhao ZY, Lin HH Ligustrum vicaryi L. is a hybrid of Ligustrum ovalifolium Hassk. var. aureo-marginatum and Ligustrum vulgale L., and displays a chlorophyll-less phenotype. Therefore it is widely used as a horticultural shrub because of its golden-color leaves. Its putative mechanism, light responses, chlorophyll synthesis and plastid development were studied. L. vicaryi has a higher level of 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA), but lower levels of chlorophylls compared with L. quihoui. The yellowish phenotype of L. vicaryi upper leaves could be attributed to their hampered conversion from chlorophyllide into chlorophyll a. Despite the enhanced ALA level and the decreased thylakoid stacking in plastids, L. vicaryi golden le... Journal of Integrative Plant Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3911196 Sat, 28 Aug 2010 08:51:17 +0100 3911196 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3911195&cid=s_37899_62_f&fid=37899&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20738726%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Liu M, Shi DQ, Yuan L, Liu J, Yang WC RNA helicases are adenosine tri-phosphatases that unwind the secondary structures of RNAs and are required in almost any aspect of RNA metabolism. They are highly conserved from prokaryotic to eukaryotic organisms. However, their precise roles in plant physiology and development remain to be clarified. Here we report that the mutation in the gene SLOW WALKER3 (SWA3) results in the slow and retarded progression of mitosis during megagametogenesis in Arabidopsis. SWA3 is a putative RNA helicase of the DEAD-box subfamily. Mutant megagametophyte development is arrested at four- or eight-nucleate stages, furthermore, one of the synergids in about half of the mutant embryo sacs displays abnormal polarity, with its nucleus locating at the chalaza... Journal of Integrative Plant Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3911195 Sat, 28 Aug 2010 08:51:14 +0100 3911195 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3911194&cid=s_37899_62_f&fid=37899&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20738727%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Deng Y, Wang W, Li WQ, Xia C, Liao HZ, Zhang XQ, Ye D Sialyltransferases (SiaTs) exist widely in vertebrates and play important roles in a variety of biological processes. In plants, several genes have also been identified to encode the proteins that share homology with the vertebrate SiaTs. However, very little is known about their functions in plants. Here we report the identification and characterization of a novel Arabidopsis gene, MALE GAMETOPHYTE DEFECTIVE 2 (MGP2) that encodes a sialyltransferase-like protein. MGP2 was expressed in all tissues including pollen grains and pollen tubes. The MGP2 protein was targeted to Golgi apparatus. Knockout of MGP2 significantly inhibited the pollen germination and retarded pollen tube growth in vitro and in vivo, but did not affect f... Journal of Integrative Plant Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3911194 Sat, 28 Aug 2010 08:51:10 +0100 3911194 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3911193&cid=s_37899_62_f&fid=37899&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20738728%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Ma YP, Zhang CQ, Zhang JL, Yang JB The natural hybridization that occurs between two sympatric species of Rhododendron subgenus Hymenanthes in Yunnan, China, was investigated. In field observations, it was noted that the putative hybrids between R. delavayi Franch. and R. cyanocarpum (Franch.) Franch. ex W.W. Sm. had intermediate morphologies. On the basis of morphology, chloroplast DNA (trnL-rpl32) and nuclear DNA (waxy), hybrids and parental species were identified. Hybridization occurred in both directions, but was asymmetrical, with R. delavayi as the major maternal parent. Reciprocal hand pollination treatments showed that either species, as pollen donor or pollen receiver, could produce fruits. It was noted that fruit set varied among treatments. The same pollinators (bu... Journal of Integrative Plant Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3911193 Sat, 28 Aug 2010 08:51:06 +0100 3911193 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3803164&cid=s_37899_62_f&fid=37899&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20666924%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Lu C PMID: 20666924 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Journal of Integrative Plant Biology) Journal of Integrative Plant Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3803164 Fri, 30 Jul 2010 20:15:29 +0100 3803164 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3803163&cid=s_37899_62_f&fid=37899&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20666925%26dopt%3DAbstract This article reviews some recent advances in computational biology relevant to photosynthetic organisms, including Beyesian approaches to kinetics, computational methods for flux balances in metabolic processes, and determination of clades of zooxanthallae. Application of these systems will be important in the conservation of coral reefs in times of climate change and environmental stress. PMID: 20666925 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Journal of Integrative Plant Biology) Journal of Integrative Plant Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3803163 Fri, 30 Jul 2010 20:15:25 +0100 3803163 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3803162&cid=s_37899_62_f&fid=37899&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20666926%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Hou HJ Abstract To address the issues of energy crisis and global warming, novel renewable carbon-free or carbon-neutral energy sources must be identified and developed. A deeper understanding of photosynthesis is the key to provide a solid foundation to facilitate this transformation. To mimic the water oxidation of photosystem II oxygen evolving complex, Mn-oxo complexes and Co-phosphate catalytic material were discovered in solar energy storage. Building on these discoveries, recent advances in solar energy conversion showed a compelling working principle by combing the active Mn-oxo and Co-based catalysts in water splitting with semiconductor hetero-nanostructures for effective solar energy harnessing. In this review the appealing systems including Mn-oxo tetramer/Nafion, ... Journal of Integrative Plant Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3803162 Fri, 30 Jul 2010 20:15:22 +0100 3803162 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3803161&cid=s_37899_62_f&fid=37899&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20666927%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Sharkey TD, Zhang R Abstract Photosynthesis is sensitive to high temperature with reversible declines during moderate stress and irreversible damage with more severe stress. While many studies have focused on the irreversible damage, the reversible changes can tell how photosynthesis tolerates high temperature. Knowing how high temperature is tolerated could lead to ways of extending high temperature tolerance. New analytical methods have been used to probe electron and proton circuits of intact leaves at high temperature. Combined with previous work with isolated systems, it appears that there is a large change in redox distribution among thylakoid components. Photosystem I becomes more reduced but photosystem II and the stroma become more oxidized. Several lines of evidence ... Journal of Integrative Plant Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3803161 Fri, 30 Jul 2010 20:15:18 +0100 3803161 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3803160&cid=s_37899_62_f&fid=37899&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20666928%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Ifuku K, Ishihara S, Sato F Abstract Oxygen-evolving complex (OEC) protein is the original name for membrane-peripheral subunits of photosystem (PS) II. Recently, multiple isoforms and homologs for OEC proteins have been identified in the chloroplast thylakoid lumen, indicating that functional diversification has occurred in the OEC family. Gene expression profiles suggest that the Arabidopsis OEC proteins are roughly categorized into three groups: the authentic OEC group, the stress-responsive group, and the group including proteins related to the chloroplast NAD(P)H dehydrogenase (NDH) complex involved in cyclic electron transport around PSI. Based on the above gene expression profiles, molecular functions of the OEC family proteins are discussed together with our current kn... Journal of Integrative Plant Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3803160 Fri, 30 Jul 2010 20:15:15 +0100 3803160 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3803159&cid=s_37899_62_f&fid=37899&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20666929%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Santabarbara S, Galuppini L, Casazza AP Abstract In the past decade light-induced electron transfer reactions in photosystem I have been the subject of intensive investigations that have led to the elucidation of some unique characteristics, the most striking of which is the existence of two parallel, functional, redox active cofactors chains. This process is generally referred to as bidirectional electron transfer. Here we present a review of the principal evidences that have led to the uncovering of bidirectionality in the reaction centre of photosystem I. A special focus is dedicated to the results obtained combining time-resolved spectroscopic techniques, either difference absorption or electron paramagnetic resonance, with molecular genetics, which allows, through modific... Journal of Integrative Plant Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3803159 Fri, 30 Jul 2010 20:15:12 +0100 3803159 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3803158&cid=s_37899_62_f&fid=37899&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20666930%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Liu X, Yu F, Rodermel S Abstract Variegation mutants are ideal model systems to study chloroplast biogenesis. We are interested in variegations whose green and white-sectored leaves arise as a consequence of the action of nuclear recessive genes. In this review, we focus on the Arabidopsis var2 variegation mutant, and discuss recent progress toward understanding the function of VAR2 and the mechanism of var2-mediated variegation. VAR2 is a subunit of the chloroplast FtsH complex, which is involved in turnover of the Photosystem II reaction center D1 protein, as well as in other processes required for the development and maintenance of the photosynthetic apparatus. The cells in green sectors of var2 have normal-appearing chloroplasts whereas cells in the white sectors have abno... Journal of Integrative Plant Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3803158 Fri, 30 Jul 2010 20:15:09 +0100 3803158 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3803157&cid=s_37899_62_f&fid=37899&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20666931%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Zhu XG, Shan L, Wang Y, Quick WP Abstract Engineering the C4 photosynthetic pathway into C3 crops has the potential to dramatically increase the yields of major C3 crops. The genetic control of features involved in C4 photosynthesis are still far from being understood; which partially explains why we have gained little success in C4 engineering thus far. Next generation sequencing techniques and other high throughput technologies are offering an unprecedented opportunity to elucidate the developmental and evolutionary processes of C4 photosynthesis. Two contrasting hypotheses about the evolution of C4 photosynthesis exist, i.e. the master switch hypothesis and the incremental gain hypothesis. These two hypotheses demand two different research strategies to proceed in parallel ... Journal of Integrative Plant Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3803157 Fri, 30 Jul 2010 20:15:06 +0100 3803157 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3719342&cid=s_37899_62_f&fid=37899&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20590991%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Li CY, Li WH, Li C, Gaudet DA, Laroche A, Cao LP, Lu ZX Abstract Triticale (xTriticosecale Wittmack) grains synthesize and accumulate starch as their main energy source. Starch accumulation rate and synthesis activities of ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase, soluble starch synthases, granule-bound starch synthase and starch-branching enzyme showed similar pattern of unimodal curves during endosperm development. There was no significant difference in activity of the starch granule-bound protein isolated from total and separated starch granules at different developmental stages after anthesis in triticale. Evans Blue staining and analysis of DNA fragmentation indicated that cells of triticale endosperm undergo programmed cell death during its development. Dead cells within the endosp... Journal of Integrative Plant Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3719342 Wed, 30 Jun 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3719342 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3719341&cid=s_37899_62_f&fid=37899&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20590992%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Li X, Shen X, Li J, Egrinya Eneji A, Li Z, Tian X, Duan L Abstract With the aim to determine whether coronatine (COR) alleviates drought stress on wheat, two winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars, ChangWu134 (drought-tolerant) and Shan253 (drought-sensitive) were studied under hydroponic conditions. Seedlings at the three-leaf stage were cultured in a Hoagland solution containing COR at 0.1 muM for 24 h, and then exposed to 20% polyethylene glycol 6000 (PEG-6000). Under simulated drought (SD), COR increased the dry weight of shoots and roots of the two cultivars significantly; the root/shoot ratio also increased by 30% for Shan253 and 40% for ChangWu134. Both cultivars treated with COR under SD (0.1COR+PEG) maintained significantly higher relative water content, photos... Journal of Integrative Plant Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3719341 Wed, 30 Jun 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3719341 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3719340&cid=s_37899_62_f&fid=37899&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20590993%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Zhang S, Li G, Fang J, Chen W, Jiang H, Zou J, Liu X, Zhao X, Li X, Chu C, Xie Q, Jiang X, Zhu L Abstract Previous studies have shown that DWARF10 (D10) is a rice ortholog of MAX4/RMS1/DAD1, encoding a carotenoid cleavage dioxygenase and functioning in strigolactones/strigolactone-derivatives (SL) biosynthesis. Here we use D10- RNA interference (RNAi) transgenic plants similar to d10 mutant in phenotypes to investigate the interactions among D10, auxin and cytokinin in regulating rice shoot branching. Auxin levels in node 1 of both decapitated D10-RNAi and wild type plants decreased significantly, showing that decapitation does reduce endogenous auxin concentration, but decapitation has no clear effects on auxin levels in node 2 of the same plants. This implies that node 1 may... Journal of Integrative Plant Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3719340 Wed, 30 Jun 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3719340 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3719339&cid=s_37899_62_f&fid=37899&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20590994%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, seven cDNA clones coding for ROP GTPases have been isolated in Medicago truncatula, and conserved and divergent domains are identified in these predicted MtROP proteins. Phylogenetic analysis has indicated that MtROPs are distributed into groups II, III, IV but group I. MtROP genes are expressed in various tissues at different levels. A quantitative reverse transcription PCR analysis indicated that these MtROP genes have different expression profiles in the roots in response to infection with rhizobia. The expression of MtROP3, MtROP5 and MtROP6 are increased, as the expression of Nod factor or rhizobial-induced marker genes-NFP, Rip1 and Enod11; MtROP10 has showed enhanced expression at a certain post-inoculation time point. No significant changes in MtROP7 and MtROP9 expre... Journal of Integrative Plant Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3719339 Wed, 30 Jun 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3719339 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3719338&cid=s_37899_62_f&fid=37899&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20590995%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Zhang P, Wang WQ, Zhang GL, Kaminek M, Dobrev P, Xu J, Gruissem W Abstract Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) sheds its leaves during growth, especially within the tropical dry season. With the production of SAG12-IPT transgenic cassava we want to test the level of leaf retention and altered cytokinin metabolism of transgenic plants via the autoregulatory senescence inhibition system. After confirmation of transgene expression by molecular analysis and phenotype examination in greenhouse plants, two transgenic plant lines, 529-28 and 529-48, were chosen for further investigation. Detached mature leaves of 529-28 plants retained high levels of chlorophyll compared with wild-type leaves after dark-induced senescence treatment. Line 529-28 showed significant drought tolerance as ... Journal of Integrative Plant Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3719338 Wed, 30 Jun 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3719338 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3719337&cid=s_37899_62_f&fid=37899&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20590996%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Liu Z, Bao W, Liang W, Yin J, Zhang D Abstract In higher plants, male reproductive development is a complex biological process that includes cell division and differentiation, cell to cell communication etc., while the mechanism underlying plant male reproductive development remains less understood. GAMYB encodes a gibberellins acid (GA) inducible transcription factor that is required for the early anther development in rice (Oryza sativa L.). Here, we report the isolation and characterization of a new allele gamyb-4 with a C base deletion in the second exon (+2308), causing a frame shift and premature translational termination. Histological analysis showed that gamyb-4 developed abnormal enlarged tapetum and could not undergo normal meiosis. To understand the regulatory role ... Journal of Integrative Plant Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3719337 Wed, 30 Jun 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3719337 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3719336&cid=s_37899_62_f&fid=37899&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20590997%26dopt%3DAbstract This study also sought to isolate wheat D-genome-specific repetitive elements regardless of the level of methylation, by genomic subtraction. Total genomic DNA of Aegilops tauschii was cleaved into short fragments with a methylation-insensitive 4 bp cutter, MboI, and then common DNA sequences between Ae. tauschii and Triticum turgidum were subtracted by annealing with excess T. turgidum genomic DNA. The D genome repetitive sequence pAt1 was isolated and used to identify an additional novel repetitive sequence family from wheat bacterial artificial chromosomes with a size range of 1 395-1 850 bp. The methods successfully led pathfinding of two unique repetitive families. PMID: 20590997 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Journal of Integrative Plant Biology) Journal of Integrative Plant Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3719336 Wed, 30 Jun 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3719336 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3719351&cid=s_37899_62_f&fid=37899&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20590982%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Cao JG, Wang QX, Bao WM Abstract The development of the fertilization pore during oogenesis of the fern Ceratopteris thalictroides was followed using transmission electron microscopy. The newly formed egg is appressed closely to the adjacent cells. There are well-developed plasmodesmata between the egg and the ventral canal cell, but none between the egg and the jacket cells of the archegonium. During maturation, a separation cavity is formed around the egg. However, a pore region persistently connects the egg and the ventral canal cell. The extra egg membrane is formed by deposition of sheets of endoplasmic reticulum (ER), but no ER is deposited on the inner surface of the pore region. Thus, a fertilization pore, covered by a layer of plasmalemma, is formed. The ventral canal... Journal of Integrative Plant Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3719351 Mon, 31 May 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3719351 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3719350&cid=s_37899_62_f&fid=37899&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20590983%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, two novel loci, ELEPHANT EAR-LIKE LEAF 1 (ELE1) and ELE2 were characterized. These mutants exhibit a similar defect of IN asymmetry as syp1 in lateral and ventral petals, but also display pleiotropic effects of enlarged organ size. Genetic analysis showed that ELE1 and ELE2 were involved in same genetic pathway and the enlarged size of petals but not compound leaves in ele2 was suppressed by introducing k and lst1, indicating that the enlargement of dorsal petal in ele2 requires the activities of K and LST1. An experimental framework of comparative genomic mapping approach was set up to map and clone LjELE1 locus in Lotus japonicus. Cloning the ELE1 gene will shed light on the underlying molecular mechanism during zygomorphic development and further provide the molecular bas... Journal of Integrative Plant Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3719350 Mon, 31 May 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3719350 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3719349&cid=s_37899_62_f&fid=37899&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20590984%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Kim D, Park SY, Chung Y, Park J, Lee S, Lee TK Abstract Soluble invertase was purified from pea (Pisum sativum L.) by sequential procedures entailing ammonium sulfate precipitation, DEAE-Sepharose column, Con-A- and Green 19-Sepharose affinity columns, hydroxyapatite column, ultra-filtration, and Sephacryl 300 gel filtration. The purified soluble acid (SAC) and alkaline (SALK) invertases had a pH optimum of 5.3 and 7.3, respectively. The temperature optimum of two invertases was 37 degrees C. The effects of various concentrations of Tris-HCl, HgCl(2), and CuSO(4) on the activities of the two purified enzymes were examined. Tris-HCl and HgCl(2) did not affect SAC activity, whereas 10 mM Tris-HCl and 0.05 mM HgCl(2) inhibited SALK activity by about 50%. SAC and SALK were inhibit... Journal of Integrative Plant Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3719349 Mon, 31 May 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3719349 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3719348&cid=s_37899_62_f&fid=37899&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20590985%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Badr-Uz-Zaman , Salim M, Asghar R Abstract Root and shoot growth of Brassica campestris L. and B. juncea increased significantly (P < 0.01) with enhanced Ca(2+) treatment along with 60 mM NaCl in the root medium. The maximum fresh mass of shoot and root in B. juncea was recorded at 10 mM Ca(2+) concentration. The relative growth rate of shoot of both species reached its maximum at 8 mM of Ca(2+) concentration. Average rate of Ca(2+) intake (I(Ca)) was higher in B. juncea than B. campestris. In B. juncea, the average transport of Ca(2+) to shoot increased by 19%, 38%, 119%, 125% and 169% compared with the control. Furthermore specific utilization rate of Ca(2+) was higher in B. juncea than B. campestris. In B. campestris it increased by 9%, 32%, 41% and 59% at 4, 6, 8, and 1... Journal of Integrative Plant Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3719348 Mon, 31 May 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3719348 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3719347&cid=s_37899_62_f&fid=37899&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20590986%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Zhang H, Tan ZQ, Hu LY, Wang SH, Luo JP, Jones RL Abstract Protective role of hydrogen sulfide (H(2)S) on seed germination and seedling growth was studied in wheat (Triticum) seeds subjected to aluminum (Al(3+)) stress. We show that germination and seedling growth of wheat is inhibited by high concentrations of AlCl(3). At 30 mmol/L AlCl(3) germination is reduced by about 50% and seedling growth is more dramatically inhibited by this treatment. Pre-incubation of wheat seeds in the H(2)S donor NaHS alleviates AlCl(3)-induced stress in a dose-dependant manner at an optimal concentration of 0.3 mmol/L. We verified that the role of NaHS in alleviating Al(3+) stress could be attributed to H(2)S/HS(-) by showing that the level of endogenous H(2)S increased following NaHS treatment. ... Journal of Integrative Plant Biology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3719347 Mon, 31 May 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3719347