MedWorm.com provides a medical RSS filtering service. Over 6000 RSS medical sources are combined and output via different filters. This feed contains the latest items from the 'Journal of Medical Microbiology' source. Thu, 09 Feb 2012 21:35:04 +0100 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5658104&cid=s_37692_77_f&fid=37692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22301611%26dopt%3DAbstract We describe a case of gastro-enteritis caused by Campylobacter concisus. The pathogenic potential of C. concisus has yet to be elucidated. Recent studies indicate an association with enteric disease in immunocompromised and inflammatory bowel disease in children. Molecular identification methods may be necessary for identifying certain Campylobacter species because of phenotypic similarity. PMID: 22301611 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Journal of Medical Microbiology) Journal of Medical Microbiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5658104 Thu, 02 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5658104 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5658103&cid=s_37692_77_f&fid=37692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22301612%26dopt%3DAbstract We report on the first case of K. shroeteri endocarditis to be treated successfully by daptomycin and review the published literature of K. shroeteri endocarditis. There is no published daptomycin susceptibility data for Kytococcus and additional work was carried out on six other isolates stored at the Laboratory of HealthCare Associated Infections (LHCAI), Health Protection Agency (HPA) Centre for Infections, Colindale, London. PMID: 22301612 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Journal of Medical Microbiology) Journal of Medical Microbiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5658103 Thu, 02 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5658103 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5658102&cid=s_37692_77_f&fid=37692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22301613%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Horton R, Morisson NA, Beacham IR, Peak IR Abstract Burkholderia pseudomallei is the causative agent of melioidosis, a disease endemic in areas of southeast Asia and northern Australia, and is classed as a CDC category B select agent. Factors which determine whether host infection is achieved or if disease is chronic or acute are unknown but the type of host immune response mounted is important. B. pseudomallei can replicate within macrophages, causing them to multinucleate. In light of the common lineage of macrophages with dendritic cells (DCs), and the role played by DCs in orchestration of the immune response, we investigated the interaction of a variety of B. pseudomallei and B. thailandensis strains with DCs. We have demonstrated that, in the majority of cases, infec... Journal of Medical Microbiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5658102 Thu, 02 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5658102 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5658101&cid=s_37692_77_f&fid=37692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22301614%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, this study provided detailed information on Lactobacillus species colonizing the vagina of healthy Chinese fertile and postmenopausal women. The study also showed that the diversity of Lactobacillus species in fertile women was higher than in postmenopausal women. According to our study, different techniques such as species-specific PCR and clone library resulted in different findings regarding species prevalence. This fact lightens the importance of standardization of techniques used for evaluation of bacterial communities. According to our findings regarding species associations, L. iners and L. gasseri may have influences on colonization and proliferation of other vaginal Lactobacillus species. PMID: 22301614 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Journal of Med... Journal of Medical Microbiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5658101 Thu, 02 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5658101 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5658100&cid=s_37692_77_f&fid=37692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22301615%26dopt%3DAbstract The objective of the current study was to determine if the antimicrobial susceptibility profile or genotype of hospital-acquired isolates of Clostridium difficile differed from isolates causing community-acquired disease. Five hundred diarrheal stool samples (>2 ml, one sample per patient) from patients across Manitoba, Canada in 2006-2007 that were reported as C. difficile toxin-positive were cultured and resulted in 432 isolates of toxin-positive C. difficile for analysis. Of the 432 isolates, acquisition status could be determined for 235 (54.4%) isolates; 182 (77.4%) were hospital-acquired and 53 (22.6%) were community-acquired. North American Pulsotype (NAP) designations based on SmaI pulsed-field gel electrophoresis could be defined for 52% of the 432 isolates with NAP2 (n = 122) ... Journal of Medical Microbiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5658100 Thu, 02 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5658100 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5658099&cid=s_37692_77_f&fid=37692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22301616%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Turk ML, Cacioppo LD, Ge Z, Shen Z, Whary MT, Parry N, Boutin SR, Klein HJ, Fox JG Abstract Helicobacter pullorum, an enterohepatic Helicobacter species, is associated with gastroenteritis and hepatobiliary disease in humans and chickens. Recently a novel H. pullorum outbreak in barrier-maintained rats and mice was described. We further evaluated persistence of infection and serologic response in H. pullorum-infected female C57BL/6NTac and C3H/HeNTac mice obtained from the barrier outbreak. C57BL/6NTac mice (n=36) aged 10 to 58 weeks were confirmed to be chronically infected with H. pullorum by PCR or culture of cecum, colon and feces, with no evidence of hepatic infection; 2 of 3 C3H/HeNTac cleared H. pullorum infection by 26 weeks of age. A quantitative PCR assay based o... Journal of Medical Microbiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5658099 Thu, 02 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5658099 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5658098&cid=s_37692_77_f&fid=37692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22301617%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, we utilized our recently-developed in vitro wound biofilm model to examine the antibiofilm activity of garlic (Allium sativum). Wound pathogens were inoculated on sterile cellulose disks, exposed to formulated garlic ointment (GarO) or ointment base, and incubated to allow biofilm development. Biofilms were quantified and visualized microscopically. GarO prevented biofilm development by Staphylococcus aureus, S. epidermidis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter baumannii, and Klebsiella pneumoniae; and reduced the bioburden within Enterococcus faecalis biofilms by 2 to 5 logs. Additionally, GarO disrupted partially-developed biofilms produced by S. aureus, S. epidermidis, and A. baumannii. The antistaphylococcal activity of GarO was stable for over 3 months at room temperat... Journal of Medical Microbiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5658098 Thu, 02 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5658098 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5658105&cid=s_37692_77_f&fid=37692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22286925%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusion. CM-PCR proved to be useful for assessing carriage serotype distribution in a setting of high-risk pneumococcal transmission. The causal serotype appeared to be linked to the brother of the case-patient and attendees of his day-care. PMID: 22286925 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Journal of Medical Microbiology) Journal of Medical Microbiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5658105 Fri, 27 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5658105 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5638526&cid=s_37692_77_f&fid=37692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22282458%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Bijker E, Sauerwein RW Abstract Combination of chemoprophylaxis with chloroquine and so-called 'controlled human malaria infections' has been shown to induce sustained and fully protective immunity against malaria in experimental settings. This opens possibilities of translating this approach into an effective and applicable strategy for the field. We review the different ways in which anti-malarial drugs have been used for prevention of malaria in endemic settings and will discuss possibilities and challenges of applying a strategy of drug use and natural acquired infection in the field. PMID: 22282458 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Journal of Medical Microbiology) Journal of Medical Microbiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5638526 Thu, 26 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5638526 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5638525&cid=s_37692_77_f&fid=37692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22282459%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Brigante G, Migliavacca R, Bramati S, Motta E, Nucleo E, Manenti M, Migliorino G, Pagani L, Luzzaro F, Viganò FE Abstract Acinetobacter baumannii is a Gram-negative organism reported worldwide as a cause of health care associated infections, particularly in Intensive Care Units (ICUs). The aim of the study was to describe the emergence and spread of carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii (CRAB) isolates in hospitalized patients. From March to November 2009, multidrug-resistant CRAB isolates were obtained from 21 patients hospitalized in different wards (mostly ICUs). Antimicrobial susceptibility was determined by the Etest method. Carbapenem and aminoglycoside resistance determinants were studied by PCR and sequencing. Genetic relatedness was investigated by pulsed-field gel e... Journal of Medical Microbiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5638525 Thu, 26 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5638525 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5638524&cid=s_37692_77_f&fid=37692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22282460%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Bae S, Yu JY, Lee K, Lee S, Park B, Kang Y Abstract We longitudinally analyzed the colonization of four potential respiratory pathogens - Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis, and Staphylococcus aureus - in 165 healthy children attending three kindergartens (3~7-years-of-age) and 417 healthy children attending one elementary school (7~10-years-of-age) in Seoul, Korea, by four consecutive examinations over 1 year. We found the prevalence of nasal carriers with at least one or more of four bacteria were higher (mean 68.6%) in younger children (≤7-years-of-age) than those (mean 46.8%) in older children. The average rates of nasal carriage of S. pneumoniae, H. influenzae, M. catarrhalis, and S. aureus were 16.8%, 18.9%, 20.2%, and 18.2%, re... Journal of Medical Microbiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5638524 Thu, 26 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5638524 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5638523&cid=s_37692_77_f&fid=37692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22282461%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Park CS, Lee YS, Kwon HS, Lee TH, Kim TB, Moon KA, Yoo B, Moon HB, Cho YS Abstract Chlamydophila pneumoniae infection has been suggested to be associated with severe asthma characterized by persistent airway limitation, which may be related to airway remodeling. We investigated whether C. pneumoniae infection affected the secretion of metalloproteinase-9 (MMP9) and tissue inhibitor metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP1), and altered the responsiveness of inflammatory cells to corticosteroids. Human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were cultured in vitro in the presence or absence of C. pneumoniae. Secretion of both MMP9 and TIMP1 was strongly suppressed by dexamethasone treatment in uninfected cells. MMP9 secretion was also significantly inhibited by dexamethasone in C. pneu... Journal of Medical Microbiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5638523 Thu, 26 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5638523 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5638522&cid=s_37692_77_f&fid=37692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22282462%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Ruiz E, Ocampo-Sosa AA, Rezusta A, Revillo MJ, Román E, Torres C, Martinez-Martinez L Abstract Three closely related Klebsiella pneumoniae strains isolated from the same patient harboured bla(CTX-M-15), bla(OXA-1), bla(SHV-11), qnrS1, aac(6')-Ib-cr, oqxAB, aac(3)-II and aph(3')-Ia genes. Two of the isolates were recovered after treatment with meropenem and showed resistance to carbapenems. Sequencing of ompK35 and ompK36 porin genes of carbapenem resistant strains revealed the presence of premature stop codons in both and OmpK35 and OmpK36 porins were not detected by SDS-PAGE. One carbepenem-resistant strain showed a high amount of LamB protein and did not express OmpK26 porin whereas the other one expressed OmpK26 but not LamB. Carbapenem resistance was associated with t... Journal of Medical Microbiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5638522 Thu, 26 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5638522 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5638527&cid=s_37692_77_f&fid=37692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22275503%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Köhling HL, Bittner A, Müller KD, Buer J, Becker M, Rübben H, Rettenmeier AW, Mosel F Abstract Standard methods for the identification of uropathogens that are based on the determination of metabolic activity require cultivation on agar plates, which often takes more than 1 day. If microbial growth on agar plates is slow, or if metabolic activity is impaired by adverse interactions resulting from the patient's condition or from medical treatment, the application of standard methods may lead to delayed or erroneous identification of bacteria. In recent studies, matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) has proven to be able to rapidly identify bacteria obtained from cultures. We tested the applicability of this analytical... Journal of Medical Microbiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5638527 Mon, 23 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5638527 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5638529&cid=s_37692_77_f&fid=37692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22267543%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Wang X, Huang B, Blair B, Eglezos S, Bates J Abstract Staphylococcus aureus is a pathogen causing nosocomial infection, community-acquired diseases, and food borne outbreak diseases. A number of variable number tandem repeat loci have been reported by various groups for epidemiological studies and outbreak investigations. The aims of this study were (1) to systematically evaluate a total of 18 commonly used loci with the same S. aureus population for the first time so that the properties of each locus would be comparable and useful for typing; and (2) to develop a computer program enabling calculation of the Simpson Index (SI) of all possible loci combinations so that an optimal loci combination could be identified for multi-locus variable-tandem-repeat analysis (MLVA) typ... Journal of Medical Microbiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5638529 Thu, 19 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5638529 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5638528&cid=s_37692_77_f&fid=37692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22267544%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Edwards JE Abstract This discussion is intended to be an overview of current advances in the development fungal cell wall vaccines with an emphasis on Candida; it is not a comprehensive historical review of all fungal, cell wall vaccines. Selected, more recent, highly innovative strategies for developing fungal vaccines will be highlighted. Both scientific and logistical obstacles related to the development of, and clinical use of, fungal vaccines will be discussed. PMID: 22267544 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Journal of Medical Microbiology) Journal of Medical Microbiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5638528 Thu, 19 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5638528 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5598598&cid=s_37692_77_f&fid=37692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22245787%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, the different TTP values of different Candida species causing bloodstream infection may be helpful in differentiating C. glabrata from other Candida species. PMID: 22245787 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Journal of Medical Microbiology) Journal of Medical Microbiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5598598 Fri, 13 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5598598 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5598597&cid=s_37692_77_f&fid=37692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22245788%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Saleh M, Al Nakib M, Doloy A, Jacqmin S, Ghiglione S, Verroust N, Poyart C, Ozier Y Abstract Bacillus cereus is a well-known cause of food-borne disease usually of benign course. Here, we present the case of a 15-year-old boy who developed reversible fulminant liver failure associated with rhabdomyolysis after pasta consumption. Suggesting B. cereus as the etiologic agent may prevent unnecessary liver transplantation. PMID: 22245788 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Journal of Medical Microbiology) Journal of Medical Microbiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5598597 Fri, 13 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5598597 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5598596&cid=s_37692_77_f&fid=37692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22245789%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Coelho JM, Platt S, Efstratiou A Abstract The variation of SclB nucleotide sequences in group A streptococci (GAS) and the potential usefulness for subtyping the most common serotypes encountered in the UK was evaluated. We sequenced a total of 124 strains - randomly selected iGAS and outbreak-related strains. Variability was highest amongst M/emm 89 strains, whereas very little variation was observed amongst M/emm 1 and M/emm 28 GAS strains. Repeat patterns were identified in the collagen-structure motif (CSM) of the M/emm 89 GAS strains. The sporadic strains were very diverse and encompassed most of the CSM patterns, whereas the outbreak-related strains were mainly clustered into two CSM groups. SclB nucleotide cluster analysis distinguished outbreaks strains from two di... Journal of Medical Microbiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5598596 Fri, 13 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5598596 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5598595&cid=s_37692_77_f&fid=37692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22245790%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Dekio I, Rajendram D, Morita E, Gharbia S, Shah HN Abstract Propionibacterium acnes, a commensal of human skin, is also an opportunistic pathogen of common acne and other infectious diseases. However, it is still not obvious which strain is pathogenic for a certain infectious diseases, and investigations to characterise pathogenic strains using molecular typing methods such as multilocus sequence typing (MLST) using several housekeeping genes has been in progress. However, to date, such analysis has focused mainly on strains isolated from Europeans, and it is unclear whether the clonal distribution in other parts of the world is similar. Here, we analysed 50 strains of P. acnes from healthy humans and patients with atopic dermatitis (AD) in Japan and utilised MLST of seven... Journal of Medical Microbiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5598595 Fri, 13 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5598595 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5598594&cid=s_37692_77_f&fid=37692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22245791%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Peltroche-Llacsahuanga H, Frye B, Haase G Abstract Streptococcus urinalis has been isolated from a blood culture of a 60-year-old man with a history of urethral stricture. This species has been recently described as a new member of the pyogenic subgroup of streptococci that cause urinary tract infections. PMID: 22245791 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Journal of Medical Microbiology) Journal of Medical Microbiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5598594 Fri, 13 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5598594 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5577909&cid=s_37692_77_f&fid=37692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22222200%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion,the plasmid location of theseresistance genes and horizontal plasmid transfer promote the spread of multiple antibiotic resistance. PMID: 22222200 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Journal of Medical Microbiology) Journal of Medical Microbiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5577909 Thu, 05 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5577909 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5577908&cid=s_37692_77_f&fid=37692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22222201%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Larsen LH, Lange J, Xu Y, Schønheyder HC Abstract Improving diagnosis of prosthetic joint infections (PJIs) has become an increasing challenge due to a steadily rising number of patients with prosthetic implants. Based on a systematic literature search we have ascertained the evidence base for improvement of culture diagnosis. We searched PubMed/MEDLINE using the medical subject heading (MeSH) 'prosthesis-related infections' 1995 through 2010 without further restrictions. An analogous search was conducted for ISI Web of Knowledge. A total of 1409 reports were screened for original results, obtained by methods described in sufficient detail to make replication possible. We gave priority to methods for sample preparation, culture media, culture methods and incubation time. ... Journal of Medical Microbiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5577908 Thu, 05 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5577908 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5533036&cid=s_37692_77_f&fid=37692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22184209%26dopt%3DAbstract We report a case of septic arthritis due to Y. pseudotuberculosis as an early manifestation of Yersinia septicaemia in a patient with severe haemophilia A. The patient had no history of immunosuppression and presented with a repeat case of haemarthrosis with a fever of unknown origin. Furthermore, he suffered from acute-on-chronic renal failure and non-ST segment elevation myocardial infarction. Arthrocentesis and blood culture tested positive for Y. pseudotuberculosis. Iron deposits at localized sites in the synovium in patients with haemophilia have been described, and as Yersinia infections are common in patients with secondary iron overload, we felt that a review of the literature was in order. Severe Yersinia infection is often associated with iron overload, a condition that might occ... Journal of Medical Microbiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5533036 Fri, 23 Dec 2011 08:06:13 +0100 5533036 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5533041&cid=s_37692_77_f&fid=37692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22174371%26dopt%3DAbstract This report reveals the potential role of B. pumilus as a bloodstream pathogen in infancy. PMID: 22174371 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Journal of Medical Microbiology) Journal of Medical Microbiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5533041 Thu, 15 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5533041 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5533040&cid=s_37692_77_f&fid=37692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22174372%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Quetz JD, Lima IF, Havt A, Prata MD, Cavalcante PA, Medeiros PH, Cid DA, Moraes ML, Rey LC, Soares AM, Mota RM, Weigl BH, Guerrant RL, Lima AA Abstract Campylobacter is an important cause of foodborne gastroenteritis. We determined the occurrence of Campylobacter sp. - using culture-based methods - and C. jejuni, C. coli and some virulence associated genes (VAG) - using PCR - among children aged ≤ 14 years attended at emergency rooms in Northeastern Brazil because of diarrhea. Genomic DNA was extracted directly from stool samples collected from 366 children. A survey form regarding clinical parameters was applied to caretakers. C. jejuni was detected in 16.4% (60/366) and C. coli was detected in 1.4% (5/366) of the diarrheal samples, a much higher proportion than Campylo... Journal of Medical Microbiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5533040 Thu, 15 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5533040 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5533039&cid=s_37692_77_f&fid=37692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22174373%26dopt%3DAbstract This study was designed to better understand the EMB resistance due to the embB gene mutation. Sequencing analysis of the embB gene was performed for the 124 EMB susceptible and 93 EMB resistant M. tuberculosis strains isolated from South Korea. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined in EMB susceptible M. tuberculosis strains with the embB mutation and wildtype in Löwenstein-Jenson (LJ) solid media in duplicate. Two (2.8%) of 72 pan-susceptible, 2 (9.1%) of 22 any drug-resistant but EMB susceptible, 9 (30.0%) of 30 multi-drug resistant (MDR) but EMB susceptible, and 84 (90.3%) of 93 EMB resistant M. tuberculosis strains possessed embB mutations at various codons including 306, 319, 354, 360, 399, 405, 406, 459, 497. The embB mutations at codons 306, 354, 399, 405 and 49... Journal of Medical Microbiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5533039 Thu, 15 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5533039 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5533038&cid=s_37692_77_f&fid=37692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22174374%26dopt%3DAbstract This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of an adenosine deaminase (ADA) assay and the QuantiFERON-Gold (QFT-G) assay in the rapid diagnosis of TB peritonitis. Forty-one patients with a presumptive diagnosis of TB peritonitis with ascites were admitted to Mansoura University Hospital and included in the study. Ascitic fluid and blood samples were collected from each patient. Fluid samples were examined biochemically (protein concentration), cytologically (white blood cell count), and microbiologically (Ziehl-Neelsen stain and TB culture in Löwenstein-Jensen media), and ADA levels were determined using colorimetry. Interferon-γ levels in whole-blood samples were measured using the QFT-G assay. Fourteen (34%) patients received a final clinical diagnosis of TB peritonitis; these pati... Journal of Medical Microbiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5533038 Thu, 15 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5533038 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5533037&cid=s_37692_77_f&fid=37692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22174375%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Kool M, Fierens K, Lambrecht BN Abstract Alum is the most widely used adjuvant for over 80 years. Though there has been a search for alternative adjuvants, aluminum adjuvants will continue to be used for many years due to their good track record of safety, low cost, and adjuvanticity with a variety of antigens. For infections that can be prevented by induction of serum antibodies, aluminum adjuvants formulated under optimal conditions are the adjuvants of choice. There are also some limitations of aluminum adjuvants, which include local reactions, augmentation of IgE antibody responses, ineffectiveness for some antigens, and inability to augment cell-mediated immune responses, especially cytotoxic T-cell responses. In this review we will describe current knowledge by which... Journal of Medical Microbiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5533037 Thu, 15 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5533037 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5533048&cid=s_37692_77_f&fid=37692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22160310%26dopt%3DAbstract We examined seventy-five clinical samples (17 culture-positive, 58 culture-negative) prospectively by PCR, amplifying a single long fragment (LF-PCR: 1343bp) or two short fragments (SF-PCR: 762 and 598bp) of the 16S rRNA gene. The LF-PCR and SF-PCRs detected and identified the bacterial 16S rRNA gene in 23 (31%) and 38 (51%) of the 75 samples respectively. The LF-PCR identified 19 of 23 (83%) PCR positive samples to species level compared to the SF-PCR which identified 14 of 38 (37%) bacterial 16S rRNA gene fragments to species level and 24 to the genus level only. Amplification of shorter fragments of bacterial 16S rRNA gene (762 and 598bp) resulted in a more sensitive assay however, analysis of a large fragments (1343bp) improved species discrimination. The superior sensitivity of SF-PCR... Journal of Medical Microbiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5533048 Thu, 08 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5533048 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5533047&cid=s_37692_77_f&fid=37692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22160311%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Vos CG, Murk JL, Hartemink KJ, Daniels JM, Paul MA, Debets-Ossenkopp YJ Abstract Arthrographis kalrae is a rare isolate in clinical specimens. Only ten cases of infection with this species have been described so far. To our knowledge, we report the first case of a pulmonary infection caused by A. kalrae in a patient with a past history of stage IIA Hodgkin's lymphoma and demonstrate this organism can act as an opportunistic human pathogen. PMID: 22160311 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Journal of Medical Microbiology) Journal of Medical Microbiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5533047 Thu, 08 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5533047 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5533046&cid=s_37692_77_f&fid=37692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22160312%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Altman E, Chandan V, Harrison B, Panayotopoulou EG, Roma-Giannikou E, Li J, Sgouras D Abstract Helicobacter pylori infection is acquired in childhood and can persist for life. Previous studies in adult patients have shown that H. pylori isolates from North American and European hosts express predominantly type 2 Lewis x (Le(x)) and Le(y) epitopes, while Asian strains have the capacity to express type 1 Le(a) and Le(b) structures. In order to understand the influence of environmental and host factors on the expression of Le antigens we have analyzed 50 Greek H. pylori isolates from symptomatic children. Both CagA-positive and -negative strains were evaluated. The expression of Le antigens was determined by whole-cell indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (WCE), and LPS... Journal of Medical Microbiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5533046 Thu, 08 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5533046 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5533045&cid=s_37692_77_f&fid=37692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22160313%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Kicia M, Janeczko N, Lewicka J, Hendrich A Abstract Membrane domains characterized by unique protein and lipid composition allow for compartmentalization and regulation of various biological processes. In Escherichia coli cardiolipin domains play a key role in the dynamic organization of bacterial membranes and their distribution depends on the stage of cell cycle. We studied the influence of subinhibitory concentrations of ciprofloxacin and colistin on the morphology and distribution of E. coli cardiolipin domains. Using 10-N-nonyl acridine orange fluorescent dye we have shown that exposition of bacteria to ciprofloxacin significantly increased percentage of filamentous cells with affected cardiolipin domains morphology, while colistin has not induced any significant chan... Journal of Medical Microbiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5533045 Thu, 08 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5533045 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5533044&cid=s_37692_77_f&fid=37692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22160314%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Vitali LA, Petrelli D, Lambertucci C, Prenna M, Volpini R, Cristalli G Abstract Nucleoside analogs may represent good candidates for the discovery of new antibacterial agents, hence the antibacterial activity of a library of adenosine analogs was assessed and structure-activity relationships were outlined.Activity was evaluated against reference strains of Staphylococcus aureus and S. epidermidis, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. We tested fifty-four adenosine analogs modified both at ribose and base moieties, including adenine and 1/3-deaza adenine derivatives substituted in 2- and/or N6-positions and bearing in N-9 sugar moieties such as ribose, 2'-deoxyribose, 3'-deoxyribose, 2',3'-dideoxyribose, or cycloalkyl groups like cyclopent... Journal of Medical Microbiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5533044 Thu, 08 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5533044 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5533043&cid=s_37692_77_f&fid=37692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22160315%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, we describe monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) developed to a previously described recombinant terrelysin. Sixteen hybridomas of various IgG isotypes were generated to the recombinant protein, of which seven demonstrated reactivity to the native protein in hyphal extracts. Cross-reactivity analysis using hyphal extracts from 29 fungal species, including 12 Aspergillus species and 5 different strains of A. terreus showed that 3 mAbs (13G10, 15B5 and 10G4) were A. terreus-specific. Epitope analysis demonstrated mAbs 13G10 and 10G4 recognize the same epitope 'PSNEFE', while mAb 15B5 recognized the epitope 'LYEGQFHS'. Time course studies showed that terrelysin expression was highest during early hyphal growth and dramatically reduced after mycelial expansion. Immunolocalization studie... Journal of Medical Microbiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5533043 Thu, 08 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5533043 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5533042&cid=s_37692_77_f&fid=37692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22160316%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, 76 French and Tunisian urogenital specimens were molecularly typed by using the two main Mycoplasma genitalium molecular typing methods, the mgpB single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) typing method and the combination analysis of a variable-number tandem-repeat (VNTR) marker in MG309 and mgpB SNP. Furthermore, we tried to develop a multiple-locus VNTR analysis (MLVA) method. The genome of M. genitalium G37 was analyzed for VNTRs and four VNTRs were used for an MLVA. The method applied directly on clinical specimens, was based on a GeneScan analysis of VNTR loci labeled with fluorescent dyes by multiplex PCR and capillary electrophoresis. This method had a 1.00 diversity index (DI) while the mgpB SNP typing and the combination of MG309 and mgpB SNPs had a DI of 0.853 and 0.989... Journal of Medical Microbiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5533042 Thu, 08 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5533042 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5533052&cid=s_37692_77_f&fid=37692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22135021%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Januszkiewicz A, Szych J, Rastawicki W, Wolkowicz T, Chróst A, Leszczynska B, Kuzma E, Roszkowska-Blaim M, Gierczynski R Abstract We characterised two STEC O104:H4 clinical isolates collected in Poland from a 7-year-old boy with haemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) and his nanny. This household outbreak began on 29th May 2011. Because of its time-frame, the outbreak was supposed to be a part of international STEC O104:H4 outbreak that raised in Germany in May 2011. The two Polish isolates were Shiga toxin-producing E. coli (stx2, lpf) with enteroaggregative E. coli pathotype (aggR, aap, aggA) thereby sharing the unique virulence properties of epidemic STEC O104:H4 strain from the international outbreak. The Polish isolates were multi-drug resistant (MDR) and carried blaTEM, s... Journal of Medical Microbiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5533052 Thu, 01 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5533052 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5533051&cid=s_37692_77_f&fid=37692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22135022%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Greve T, Møller JK Abstract The need for a microbial identification of Streptococcus pneumoniae independent of culture methods has resulted in the introduction of other laboratory principles. The verification of a proper and exclusive gene for the detection of the pneumococcus by the nucleic acid-based tests (NAT) is however still unresolved. A lytA-gene specific real-time PCR method, previously published by Sheppard et al. (2004), was applied to a panel of bacterial strains to clarify the analytical sensitivity and specificity of a PCR assay targeting this gene. Furthermore, a phylogenetic analysis of published lytA-gene sequences was performed to look at gene sequence differences and the theoretical match with the primers and probes in these sequences. The lytA-gene spe... Journal of Medical Microbiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5533051 Thu, 01 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5533051 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5533050&cid=s_37692_77_f&fid=37692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22135023%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Bjerkan G, Witsø E, Nor A, Viset T, Løseth K, Lydersen S, Persen L, Bergh K Abstract The diagnosis of a chronic prosthetic joint infection (PJI) is challenging, and no consensus exists as how to best define the microbiological criteria required. A general view is that culture of periprosthetic biopsies suffers from inadequate sensitivity. Recently, molecular analyses have been employed in some studies, but the specificity of molecular analyses has been questioned, mainly due to contamination issues. In a prospective study on 54 patients undergoing revision surgery due to prosthetic joint loosening we focused on two aspects of the microbiological diagnosis of chronic PJI. First, by collecting diagnostic specimens in a highly standardized manner we aimed at investigating t... Journal of Medical Microbiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5533050 Thu, 01 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5533050 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5533049&cid=s_37692_77_f&fid=37692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22135024%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Sharifi Y, Hasani A, Ghotaslou R, Varshochi M, Hasani A, Soroush MH, Aghazadeh M, Milani M Abstract Global emergence and dissemination of vancomycin resistance among enterococci is a serious concern especially in developing countries, requiring progressive research efforts. Present investigation was carried out on clinical isolates of enterococci obtained from three tertiary hospitals located in northwest of Iran. Multiplex PCR was performed on 220 enterococcal isolates for the presence of vanA, vanB, genus - species specific targets. Subsequently, alternative therapeutic options were evaluated for vancomycin resistant enterococci (VRE) strains. From isolated enterococci, 152 (69.1%) and 68 (30.9%) were E. faecalis and E. faecium, respectively. Of 48 VRE strains detected g... Journal of Medical Microbiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5533049 Thu, 01 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5533049 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5533057&cid=s_37692_77_f&fid=37692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22116982%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Balassiano IT, Yates EA, Domingues RM, Ferreira ED Abstract Clostridium difficile-associated disease (CDAD) is caused by a spore-forming bacterium and can result in highly variable disease, ranging from mild diarrhoea to severe clinical manifestations. Infections are most commonly seen in hospital settings and are often associated with on-going antibiotic therapy. Incidences of CDAD have shown a sustained increase worldwide over the last ten years and a hyper-virulent C. difficile strain, PCR ribotype 027/REA type BI/North American pulsed-field (NAP) type 1 (027/BI/NAP-1), has caused outbreaks in North America and Europe. In contrast, only a few reports of cases in Latin America have been published and the hyper-virulent strain 027/BI/NAP-1 has, so far, only been reported ... Journal of Medical Microbiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5533057 Thu, 24 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5533057 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5533056&cid=s_37692_77_f&fid=37692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22116983%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Pereira EM, Teixeira CA, Alvarenga AL, Schuenck RP, Giambiagi-Demarval M, Holandino C, de Mattos-Guaraldi AL, Dos Santos KR Abstract Staphylococcus lugdunensis is an unusually virulent coagulase-negative species, which causes serious infection like S. aureus. We evaluated the expression of virulence factors such as hemolysin (SLUSH), fibrinogen-binding protein (Fbl) and biofilm and related genes in 23 S. lugdunensis clinical isolates and one type strain characterized previously for genotypes. In addition, the biofilm composition and ability of isolates to adhere and invade human epithelial lung cells were also performed. The PCR method detected the presence of slush and ica virulence genes in all isolates. All isolates produced the Fbl protein and, with the exception of th... Journal of Medical Microbiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5533056 Thu, 24 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5533056 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5533055&cid=s_37692_77_f&fid=37692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22116984%26dopt%3DAbstract This study describes retrospective use of pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) to examine relationships of 222 isolates from human and non-human sources in Ireland. Human clinical isolates from other countries were also examined. Eight small clusters of indistinguishable human and non-human isolates (most of serotype 4b) were detected, suggesting potential sources for human infection. For non-human isolates, some PFGE types appeared to be exclusively associated with a single source whereas other PFGE-types appeared more widely disseminated. Indistinguishable, or highly related clusters of isolates of Irish and non-Irish origin suggest that some PFGE patterns may be global in distribution. PMID: 22116984 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Journal of Medical Microbiology) Journal of Medical Microbiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5533055 Thu, 24 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5533055 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5533054&cid=s_37692_77_f&fid=37692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22116985%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Ghietto LM, Camara A, Camara J, Adamo MP Abstract Human Bocavirus (HBoV) is a parvovirus with a possible etiological role in respiratory disease currently under investigation. We detected HBoV1 in children and adults hospitalized with acute disease of the lower respiratory tract. HBoV genome was detected by PCR in nasopharyngeal swabs collected from 75 patients aged 0-89 years old during 2010. HBoV was found in 17/75 (22.7%) patients, 64.7% of them infants younger than 1 year old and 29.4% adults older than 30 years (the bimodal age distribution among HBoV positive patients was a statistically significant, p<0.001). Of all HBoV+ cases, 35.3% were co-infected; all co-infections occurred in children (≤ 13 years old) and 83.3% of them were HBoV-Respiratory Syncytial Viru... Journal of Medical Microbiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5533054 Thu, 24 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5533054 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5533053&cid=s_37692_77_f&fid=37692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22116986%26dopt%3DAbstract We describe a case in a healthy female with no recent history of trauma. The organism recovered by culture of drainage material collected prior to antibiotic treatment was Streptococcus intermedius, an organism recognized as flora of the oropharynx and associated with abscess formation. The isolate was resistant to clindamycin, which was the antibiotic therapy that the patient received. PMID: 22116986 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Journal of Medical Microbiology) Journal of Medical Microbiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5533053 Thu, 24 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5533053 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5439123&cid=s_37692_77_f&fid=37692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22096130%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Hijazin M, Alber J, Lämmler C, Weitzel T, Hassan AA, Timke M, Kostrzewa M, Prenger-Berninghoff E, Zschöck M Abstract In the present study an Arcanobacterium (Trueperella) bernardiae strain previously isolated from a bacteremia of a patient with a deep soft tissue infection could successfully be identified by MALDI-TOF MS and genotypically by sequencing the RNA polymerase encoding gene rpoB and the 16S-23S rDNA intergenic spacer region. The latter also allowed the design of species specific oligonucleotide primers which could be used for PCR-mediated identification of A. (T.) bernardiae. PMID: 22096130 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Journal of Medical Microbiology) Journal of Medical Microbiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5439123 Thu, 17 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5439123 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5439122&cid=s_37692_77_f&fid=37692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22096131%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Tortorano AM, Prigitano A, Dho G, Grancini A, Passera M Abstract The antifungal susceptibility pattern of 302 Candida isolates collected during an Italian survey on invasive fungal infections in the intensive care setting was investigated. The results were correlated with some epidemiological data and compared to the antifungal profiles obtained in a previous survey. No resistance to echinocandins was detected. The overall resistance to fluconazole was 12.6%, to posaconazole 6%, and to voriconazole 7.1%. C. tropicalis and C. parapsilosis accounted for more than half of all fluconazole resistance. The decreased susceptibility to fluconazole is not uncommon (12.3%) and appears to be increasing, particularly among C. parapsilosis isolates from 2% in '90s to 25.8% in the prese... Journal of Medical Microbiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5439122 Thu, 17 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5439122 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5439121&cid=s_37692_77_f&fid=37692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22096132%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Meric M, Keceli Ozcan S Abstract Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae is a Gram-positive bacillus that causes infections primarily in animals. In humans, this organism usually causes localized cutaneous infections called erysipeloid. Herein we report a case of pneumonia with isolation of E. rhusiopathiae from bronchoalveolar lavage and sputum. To our knowledge, this is the first report of pneumonia case caused by E. rhusiopathiae confirmed by culture. PMID: 22096132 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Journal of Medical Microbiology) Journal of Medical Microbiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5439121 Thu, 17 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5439121 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5439120&cid=s_37692_77_f&fid=37692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22096133%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Zhang R, Sun Q, Hu Y, Yu H, Li Y, Shen Q, Li G, Cao J, Yang W, Wang Q, Zhou H, Hu Y, Chen GX Abstract To detect the novel variants of the Smqnr family and analyze the prevalence of Smqnr genes in clinical isolates of S. maltophilia in China. We collected 442 clinical isolates of S. maltophilia from 9 hospitals of four provinces in China. Antimicrobial susceptibility test was performed for these isolates against six commonly used antibiotics (and combinations). The amplified sequences of Smqnr genes using PCR were aligned with the known Smqnr genes in GenBank and Smqnr database. The resistance rate against Co-trimoxazole was the highest at 48.6%, followed by ceftazidime, chloramphenicol, ticarcillin/clavulanic and tigecycline with the resistance rate of 28.7%, 21.3%, 19.0%,... Journal of Medical Microbiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5439120 Thu, 17 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5439120 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5439119&cid=s_37692_77_f&fid=37692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22096134%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Curran T, McCaughey C, Ellis J, Mitchell SJ, Feeney SA, Watt AP, Mitchell F, Fairley DJ, Crawford L, McKenna J, Coyle PV Abstract False positive PCRs occur as a consequence of specimen to specimen or amplicon to specimen contamination within the laboratory. Evidence of a novel contamination at time of specimen collection linked to influenza vaccine administration in the same location as influenza sampling is described. Clinical, circumstantial and laboratory evidence was gathered for each of 5 cases of influenza like illness (ILI) with unusual PCR patterns of positivity for seasonal H1N1, H3N2, H1N1 (2009), and influenza B viruses. Two trivalent influenza vaccine and environmental swabs of a hospital influenza vaccination room were also tested. Sequencing of influenza A ma... Journal of Medical Microbiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5439119 Thu, 17 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5439119 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5439118&cid=s_37692_77_f&fid=37692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22096135%26dopt%3DAbstract Cholangitis with septic shock caused by Raoultella planticola. J Med Microbiol. 2011 Nov 17; Authors: Yokota K, Gomi H, Miura Y, Sugano K, Morisawa Y Abstract Raoultella planticola is a rare isolate in human infection. This is a case of cholangitis complicated with septic shock caused by R. planticola. PMID: 22096135 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Journal of Medical Microbiology) Journal of Medical Microbiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5439118 Thu, 17 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5439118 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5439117&cid=s_37692_77_f&fid=37692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22096136%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Yu F, Chen C, Chen Q, Yu X, Ding B, Yang L, Li Q, Qin Z, Parsons C, Zhang X, Zhang L, Qu D, Wang L, Pan J Abstract Human illnesses caused by Salmonella species often require antibiotic treatment, and antibiotic resistance for Salmonella species is conferred through multiple mechanisms. Salmonella enterica Thompson, a pathogen commonly infecting poultry, causes human infection following food-borne transmission, and mechanisms of antibiotic resistance for this pathogen have not been well characterized. We isolated Salmonella enterica Thompson (Salmonella enterica Thompson NC24) from the stool of a 3-year-old patient with diarrhea in Nanchang, China. The isolate demonstrated resistance to cephalosporins and fluoroquinolones, including ceftazidime, cefotaxime, cefoxitin, cipro... Journal of Medical Microbiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5439117 Thu, 17 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5439117 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5418858&cid=s_37692_77_f&fid=37692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22074848%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Klein S, Zimmermann S, Koehler C, Mischnik A, Alle W, Bode K Abstract Sepsis is worldwide a major cause of mortality in hospitalized patients with lethality rates ranging from 30 to 70 % . Sepsis is caused by a variety of different pathogens and rapid diagnostic is of outstanding importance since early and adequate antimicrobial therapy correlates with positive clinical outcome. In recent years, matrix-assisted laser desorption-ionization time of flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry (MS) fingerprinting has become a powerful tool in microbiological diagnostic. The direct identification of microorganisms in a positive blood culture by MALDI-TOF MS can shorten the diagnostic procedure significantly. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to evaluate if identification rat... Journal of Medical Microbiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5418858 Thu, 10 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5418858 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5418857&cid=s_37692_77_f&fid=37692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22074849%26dopt%3DAbstract This report describes a case of chronic and deep pyodermitis in a four-year-old male dog with three-months skin problems history that had been treated unsuccessfully with fluoroquinolone therapy, prescribed by a private medical veterinary practice, without an early diagnosis.Microbiological examination and antimicrobial susceptibility testing were performed in our laboratory (Faculty of Veterinay Medicine) and a diagnosis of Streptococcus constellatus-associated pyoderma in the dog was made. A new antimicrobial treatment, with tetracyclines, was designed after the definitive diagnosis and antimicrobial susceptibility test performed by the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. The dog remained free of clinical illness at completed therapy.To our knowledge, this is the first case of a canine py... Journal of Medical Microbiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5418857 Thu, 10 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5418857 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5418856&cid=s_37692_77_f&fid=37692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22074850%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusion. FCZ showed the highest MICs after induction of capsule. Determination of antifungal activity after capsule induction may be more clinically relevant and could be use to evaluate the correlation between in vitro results and clinical outcome. PMID: 22074850 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Journal of Medical Microbiology) Journal of Medical Microbiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5418856 Thu, 10 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5418856 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5379270&cid=s_37692_77_f&fid=37692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22052995%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: V G, Patil PR, Patil GP, Chitambar SD Abstract Hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD), a common contagious disease that usually affects children, can be caused by Enteroviruses. Coxsackievirus A16 (CV-A16) and Enterovirus (EV) 71(EV-71) are known to be the major etiological agents of HFMD. Other EV serotypes- CV-A4-7, CV-A9-10, CV-B1-3, CV-B5, E-4 and E-19 have been also found associated with both sporadic infections and outbreaks of HFMD. In India, outbreaks of HFMD have been documented; however, molecular characterization of the etiological agents has been rarely reported. The cases of HFMD were identified during 2009-2010 on the basis of clinical features in southern and eastern parts of India. The aim of the present study was to detect and characterize the etiological age... Journal of Medical Microbiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5379270 Thu, 03 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5379270 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5379269&cid=s_37692_77_f&fid=37692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22052996%26dopt%3DAbstract The objective of this study was to compare effects of recombinant camel lactoferrin (rcLf), native camel lactoferrin (ncLf), and their N/C fragments on HCV infection in Huh7.5 cells. ncLf was purified from camel milk, and N/C-lobes were proteolytically generated. rcLf and its fragments were synthesized by Bac-to-Bac baculovirus expression system. All proteins but the C-lobe of rcLf were soluble. The inhibitory effects on HCV entry into Huh7.5 cells were evaluated by incubation of HCV with lactoferrin prior to infection or pretreatment of the cells with lactoferrin prior to infection. Inhibitory effect on HCV amplification in Huh7.5 cells was determined by lactoferrin treatment of HCV infected cells. RT-nested PCR was performed to amplify intracellular HCV 5' non-coding RNA sequences. Recom... Journal of Medical Microbiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5379269 Thu, 03 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5379269 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5379276&cid=s_37692_77_f&fid=37692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22034159%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Diederen B, Chang C, Euser S, Cohen-Stuart J Abstract Not Applicable: Correspondence. PMID: 22034159 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Journal of Medical Microbiology) Journal of Medical Microbiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5379276 Thu, 27 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5379276 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5379275&cid=s_37692_77_f&fid=37692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22034160%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, this study shows significant activity of cinnamic aldehydes against Candida, including azole-resistant strains, suggesting that these molecules can be developed as antifungals. PMID: 22034160 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Journal of Medical Microbiology) Journal of Medical Microbiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5379275 Thu, 27 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5379275 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5379274&cid=s_37692_77_f&fid=37692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22034161%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Chang JH, Shim YY, Cha SK, Reaney MJ, Chee KM Abstract Lactobacillus acidophilus KFRI342, isolated from the Korean traditional food kimchi, was investigated for its suitability as a dietary probiotic. The effects of L. acidophilus KFRI342 on the development of chemically induced (1,2-dimethylhydrazine; DMH) precancerous cytological changes of the colon were investigated in rats. Forty-five male F344 rats were randomly divided into three dietary groups. The control group received a high-fat diet (HF), a second group received a high-fat diet containing the carcinogen (HFC), and a final group received a high-fat diet containing the carcinogen and L. acidophilus KFRI342 (HFCL). L. acidophilus KFRI342 was administered orally three times per week at 2 × 109 cfu ml(-1). L. acido... Journal of Medical Microbiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5379274 Thu, 27 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5379274 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5379273&cid=s_37692_77_f&fid=37692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22034162%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Kuhn KG, Falkenhorst G, Ceper TH, Dalby T, Ethelberg S, Molbak K, Krogfelt KA Abstract Non-typhoid salmonellosis is one of the most common causes of foodborne illness throughout the world. Serological methods for the diagnosis of Salmonella infections vary widely and the most commonly used test is limited by high running costs as well as low sensitivity and specificity. Fast and reliable immunoassays which detect subunit antigens for Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhi are commercially available but at present there is no international consensus on similar tests for non-typhoid salmonellosis. In contrast to the veterinary and food sectors, most immunoassays for non-typhoid human Salmonella diagnosis are developed in-house and used in-house for research or sur... Journal of Medical Microbiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5379273 Thu, 27 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5379273 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5379272&cid=s_37692_77_f&fid=37692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22034163%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Singh R, Rajpara N, Tak J, Patel A, Mohanty P, Vinothkumar K, Chowdhury G, Ramamurthy T, Ghosh A, Kushwaha Bhardwaj A Abstract The resistance profile and its correlation with genetic factors was investigated in twelve isolates of Vibrio fluvialis obtained from the hospitalised patients in Kolkata, India, in year 2006. All the strains displayed drug resistance with varying antibiograms. However, resistance to ampicillin and neomycin was common to all of them. Three isolates harboured plasmids carrying drug resistance genes that could be transferred to recipient strains by conjugation and transformation. Polymerase chain reactions indicated absence of class 1 integrons and SXT elements in these isolates. Mutation in gyrase A (Serine 83-Isoleucine) and qnrB1 gene were found t... Journal of Medical Microbiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5379272 Thu, 27 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5379272 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5379271&cid=s_37692_77_f&fid=37692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22034164%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Khan AU, Nordmann P Abstract No abstract. PMID: 22034164 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Journal of Medical Microbiology) Journal of Medical Microbiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5379271 Thu, 27 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5379271 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5379282&cid=s_37692_77_f&fid=37692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22016556%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Vale-Silva LA, Silva MJ, Oliveira D, Goncalves MJ, Cavaleiro C, Salgueiro L, Pinto E Abstract Origanum vulgare subsp. virens (Hoffmanns. & Link) Bonnier & Layens and its essential oil are widely used in the treatment of respiratory and cutaneous infections in traditional medicine. In order to establish a basis for its traditional employment, the antimicrobial activity of the essential oil of O. vulgare subsp. virens was evaluated against human fungal pathogens. Different oil samples were studied in order to elucidate the intraspecific chemical variability and its impact on the biological activity. Flowering aerial parts of three samples of O. vulgare subsp. virens were collected in different geographical locations and essential oils were isolated from air-dried pla... Journal of Medical Microbiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5379282 Thu, 20 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5379282 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5379281&cid=s_37692_77_f&fid=37692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22016557%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Peck KR, Kim MJ, Choi JY, Kim HS, Kang CI, Cho YK, Park DW, Lee HJ, Lee MS, Ko KS Abstract The emergence of colistin or tigecycline resistance as well as imipenem resistance in Acinetobacter baumannii poses a great therapeutic challenge. The bactericidal and synergistic effects of several combinations of antimicrobial agents against imipenem-, colistin-, or tigecycline-resistant A. baumannii isolates were investigated by in vitro time-kill experiments. Six imipenem-resistant A. baumannii blood isolates were examined in this study including colistin- and tigecycline-susceptible, colistin-resistant but tigecycline-susceptible, and colistin-susceptible but tigecycline-resistant isolates. Time-kill studies were performed using five antimicrobial agents in single or combination... Journal of Medical Microbiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5379281 Thu, 20 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5379281 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5379280&cid=s_37692_77_f&fid=37692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22016558%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Stahlhut SG, Struve C, Krogfelt KA Abstract The ability of bacterial pathogens to express different fimbrial adhesins plays a significant role in virulence. Thus, specific detection of fimbrial expression is an important task in virulence characterization and epidemiological studies. Most clinical Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates express type 1 and type 3 fimbriae characterized by mediating mannose sensitive agglutination of yeast cells, and agglutination of tannic acid treated ox red blood cells (RBCs), respectively. We have observed that K. pneumoniae isolates agglutinate yeast cells and commercially available sheep RBCs in a mannose resistant manner, thus, we initiated a study to identify the adhesin involved. Screening of a mutant library surprisingly revealed that the m... Journal of Medical Microbiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5379280 Thu, 20 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5379280 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5379279&cid=s_37692_77_f&fid=37692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22016559%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Park C, Shin NY, Byun JH, Shin HH, Kwon EY, Choi SM, Kim SH, Kwon JC, Park SH, Choi JH, Yoo JH, Yoo JI, Chung GT, Lee DG Abstract Reduced vancomycin susceptibility in Staphylococcus aureus can cause serious problems related to treatment failure and persistent infection. We investigated vancomycin susceptibility, genetic relationships, and transcriptional changes of the accessory gene regulator (agr) in vancomycin-intermediate S. aureus (VISA) strains isolated from South Korea as compared with vancomycin-susceptible S. aureus (VSSA). Molecular characterization, population analysis profiling (PAP), agr sequencing, and transcriptional profiling of RNAIII by real-time RT-PCR were performed. Of 16 VISA strains, 8 strains exhibited ST5, agr II, and type II SCCmec. The others exh... Journal of Medical Microbiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5379279 Thu, 20 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5379279 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5379278&cid=s_37692_77_f&fid=37692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22016560%26dopt%3DAbstract This study shows that multidrug resistant V. cholerae altered El Tor producing classical CT strains are now predominant in northern Vietnam. PMID: 22016560 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Journal of Medical Microbiology) Journal of Medical Microbiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5379278 Thu, 20 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5379278 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5379277&cid=s_37692_77_f&fid=37692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22016561%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Arakawa M, Okamoto-Nakagawa R, Toda S, Tsukagoshi H, Kobayashi M, Ryo A, Mizuta K, Hasegawa S, Hirano R, Wakiguchi H, Kudo K, Tanaka R, Morita Y, Noda M, Kozawa K, Ichiyama T, Shirabe K, Kimura H Abstract Recent studies suggest that human rhinovirus species A, B, and C (HRV-ABCs) may be associated with both the common cold and severe acute respiratory illnesses (ARI) such as bronchiolitis, wheezy bronchiolitis, and pneumonia. However, the state and molecular epidemiology of these viruses in Japan is not fully understood. We detected the genomes of HRV-ABCs from Japanese patients (92 cases, 0-36 years old, 3.5 ± 5.0 years; mean ± SD) with various ARI including upper respiratory infection (URI), bronchiolitis, wheezy bronchiolitis, croup, and pneumonia between January and ... Journal of Medical Microbiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5379277 Thu, 20 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5379277 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5325643&cid=s_37692_77_f&fid=37692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21997871%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, we used nested PCR to amplify the 16S rDNA (16S rRNA gene) of MP at different stages of pneumonia in 100 children who were admitted for lower respiratory tract infections and diagnosed with MP pneumonia. Our results indicate that the median duration of MP-DNA positivity was 5 weeks and 78% of cases tested positive for 3-6 weeks. Patients with severe disease were positive for MP-DNA for a significantly longer time (median of 6 weeks) than those with mild disease (median of 4 weeks). Thirty-one patients with severe disease who received intravenous immunoglobulin were MP-DNA positive for significantly less time than other patients with severe disease. The duration of MP-DNA positivity was prolonged when MP antibody levels were high and treatment was started at a later stage. Th... Journal of Medical Microbiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5325643 Thu, 13 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5325643 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5325642&cid=s_37692_77_f&fid=37692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21997872%26dopt%3DAbstract We report the first case of late prosthetic valve endocarditis caused by Mycoplasma hominis in a case of blood culture-negative endocarditis. Our objective is to emphasise the use of broad-range bacterial 16S rRNA gene polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique in identifying the causative pathogen thus enabling targeted antimicrobial treatment. PMID: 21997872 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Journal of Medical Microbiology) Journal of Medical Microbiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5325642 Thu, 13 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5325642 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5325641&cid=s_37692_77_f&fid=37692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21997873%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Tien YY, Ushijima H, Mizuguchi M, Liang SY, Chiou CS Abstract We evaluated 11 variable number tandem repeat (VNTR) markers for epidemiological investigation of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi infection by comparison with pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). PFGE, with one and two enzymes (XbaI and BlnI), was insufficient to differentiate some epidemiologically unlinked isolates. MLVA8, based on analysis of the 8 most variable VNTRs, displayed high discriminatory power in distinguishing epidemiologically unlinked isolates that were not discriminated by PFGE with two enzymes. MLVA8 typing scheme could be considered to be a routine subtyping tool for epidemiological investigation of S. Typhi infection. Because 7 of the 11 VNTRs are highly variable, the VNTR markers shou... Journal of Medical Microbiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5325641 Thu, 13 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5325641 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5325640&cid=s_37692_77_f&fid=37692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21997874%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Ma L, Jensen JS, Mancuso M, Hamasuna R, Jia Q, McGowin CL, Martin DH Abstract Mycoplasma genitalium, a human pathogen associated with sexually transmitted diseases, is unique in that it has the smallest genome of any known free-living organism. Despite its small genome, 4.7% of the total genomic sequence is devoted to making the MgPa adhesin operon (encoding MG190, MG191 and MG192 genes) and its repetitive chromosomal sequences (known as MgPars). The goals of this study were to investigate the location, organization and variability of trinucleotides tandem repeats (TTRs) in the MgPa operon and MgPars and to explore the possible mechanisms and role of TTR variations. By analyzing the complete MgPa operon and complete or partial MgPar sequences in a collection of 15 geograph... Journal of Medical Microbiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5325640 Thu, 13 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5325640 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5296234&cid=s_37692_77_f&fid=37692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21980043%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Torres-Sangiao E, Perez-Castro S, Fernandez-Natal MI, Cisterna-Cancer R, Zapico-Gonzalez M, Fernandez-Perez B, Ojeda-Fernandez E, Nebreda T, Gozalo-Marguello M, Fuster-Foz C, Roiz-Mesones MP, Miguel-Martin MD, Torroba L, Coira-Nieto A, Vasallo-Vidal FJ, Mendez-Lage S, Prieto-Rodriguez E, Eiros JM, Torres J, Bou G Abstract Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains (MRSA) represents one of the main nosocomial pathogens at present. In Spain, the prevalence of MRSA has increased since the 1990s and the dissemination of epidemic clones, as well as the high incidence of the community-acquired MRSA USA300 clone, has led to the increased use of molecular typing methods. A total of 455 MRSA isolates, one sample per patient, were collected in 16 Spanish hospitals and carac... Journal of Medical Microbiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5296234 Thu, 06 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5296234 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5296233&cid=s_37692_77_f&fid=37692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21980044%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Graindorge A, Menard A, Monnez C, Cournoyer B Abstract The Burkholderia cenocepacia B&B clone was previously found responsible of an epidemic outbreak within an intensive care unit in France. This clone belongs to the ST32 clonal complex which is one of the most prevalent among French cystic fibrosis patients, and is known to be related to the highly virulent ET12 clonal complex. Genomic repartition biases of insertion sequences (IS) were investigated to improve our understanding of the evolutionary events leading to B. cenocepacia diversification and the emergence of such epidemic lineages. IS were used for tracking convergent genetic inactivations and recent DNA acquisitions. B. cenocepacia IS families and sub-groups were compared in terms of genetic diversity and ge... Journal of Medical Microbiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5296233 Thu, 06 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5296233 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5276996&cid=s_37692_77_f&fid=37692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21959204%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Méhes E, Taskó S, Székely A, Tóth A, Ungvári E, Erdei I, Dombrádi Z, Szabó J, Maródi L Abstract Risk factors of the invasive infections by heterogeneous vancomycin-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus (hVISA) may involve resistance to opsonophagocytosis and bacterial killing. hVISA strains typically have thickened cell wall with altered peptidoglycan cross linking. To unveil whether hVISA may be endowed with an increased resistance to phagocytosis we studied the characteristics of uptake and killing by granulocytes of three hVISA strains. All isolates were analyzed by multilocus sequence typing and staphylococcal chromosome cassette mec typing. One of the strains belonged to the Hungarian methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) clone ST239-MRSA-III and the other two t... Journal of Medical Microbiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5276996 Thu, 29 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5276996 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5276995&cid=s_37692_77_f&fid=37692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21959205%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Kim HJ, Jeong SH, Kim M, Lee Y, Lee K Abstract Toxigenic Clostridium difficile culture is considered to be a reference diagnostic method for C. difficile infection (CDI), but it is time-consuming. Enzyme immunoassay is rapid and ease-to-use, but has low sensitivity. We evaluated a real-time PCR kit, AdvanSure CD real-time PCR (RT-PCR; LG Life Sciences), which can simultaneously detect C. difficile toxins A and B. A total of 127 fresh diarrheal stool specimens submitted to the clinical microbiology laboratory for C. difficile culture were tested. C. difficile toxins and toxin genes were detected with an enzyme-linked fluorescent immunoassay (VIDAS C. difficile Toxins A&B) and the AdvanSure RT-PCR, respectively, according to the manufacturer's instructions. Their perform... Journal of Medical Microbiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5276995 Thu, 29 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5276995 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5276994&cid=s_37692_77_f&fid=37692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21959206%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Mane A, Gaikwad S, Bembalkar S, Risbud A Abstract Oral candidiasis caused by Candida albicans is recognized as one of the most frequent opportunistic infection in HIV-infected individuals. The overall severity and chronicity of oral candidiasis was exclusively attributed to the HIV- induced immune deficiency of the affected individuals but not to the virulence factors of the pathogen i.e C. albicans. However, genotypic and phenotypic studies suggested that HIV infection might be associated with preferential selection of C. albicans strains with altered virulence determinants, leading to colonization with Candida populations that are more able to cause disease in these immunologically compromised hosts. If this process of selection is indeed related to pathogenicity it may ... Journal of Medical Microbiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5276994 Thu, 29 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5276994 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5277004&cid=s_37692_77_f&fid=37692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21940648%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Moore PJ, Goldsmith CE, Coulter WA, Millar BC, Matsuda M, Moore JE Abstract No abstract. PMID: 21940648 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Journal of Medical Microbiology) Journal of Medical Microbiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5277004 Thu, 22 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5277004 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5277003&cid=s_37692_77_f&fid=37692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21940649%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, a total of 447 commensal E. coli from feces of humans and swine (280 human isolates from 4 hospitals and 167 swine isolates from 7 farms) were collected between September 2006 and January 2009 in western China. For ESBL-producing and other cephalosporin-resistant isolates, relevant β-lactamase genes (blaTEM, blaSHV, blaCTX-M-1/2/9-group, blaCMY-2, and blaKPC) were detected by PCR analysis. Of the 447 isolates tested, 120 (26.8%) were confirmed as producing ESBL. Among them, 70 and 40 human isolates carried blaCTX-M-1-group (13 blaCTX-M-3, 21 blaCTX-M-15, 4 blaCTX-M-22, 8 blaCTX-M-28, 4 blaCTX-M-36, 15 blaCTX-M-55 and 5 blaCTX-M-69) and blaSHV (14 blaSHV-2, 7 blaSHV-5, 10 blaSHV-12, 5 blaSHV-57 and 4 blaSHV-97), respectively. Six and 4 swine isolates carried blaCTX-M-1-group... Journal of Medical Microbiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5277003 Thu, 22 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5277003 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5277002&cid=s_37692_77_f&fid=37692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21940650%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Shin SY, Bae IK, Kim J, Jeong SH, Yong D, Kim JM, Lee K Abstract We investigated the molecular mechanisms of carbapenem resistance in clinical isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae from Korea and the clinical outcomes of resistant K. pneumoniae infection. Sixteen K. pneumoniae isolates showing resistance to carbapenems collected from a tertiary-care hospital were examined for the mechanisms of carbapenem resistance. PCR and sequencing experiments detected the bla(DHA-1) AmpC β-1actamase gene in all 16 clinical isolates, while the bla genes of extended-spectrum β-1actamases were detected in 12 of 16 isolates. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis experiments indicated that all the isolates lacked 35-kDa and/or 36-kDa outer membrane proteins (OMPs). Sequenc... Journal of Medical Microbiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5277002 Thu, 22 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5277002 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5277001&cid=s_37692_77_f&fid=37692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21940651%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Lindsay DS, Brown AW, Brown DJ, Pravinkumar J, Anderson E, Edwards GF Abstract Four cases of legionellosis caused by Legionella longbeachae Serogroup (Sg) 1 were identified in Scotland from 2008 to 2010. All cases had exposure to commercially manufactured growing media or potting soils, commonly known as multi-purpose compost (MPC), in greenhouse conditions, prior to disease onset. Two cases had been using the same brand of MPC, however the clinical isolates were distinct genotypically by amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) analysis, but an indistinguishable AFLP profile was also found in an environmental isolate from the supply of MPC used by each case. The third case was diagnosed by immuno-fluorescent antibody (IFA) serology only; however, the MPC to which thi... Journal of Medical Microbiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5277001 Thu, 22 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5277001 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5277000&cid=s_37692_77_f&fid=37692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21940652%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Ogah K, Sethi K, Karthik V Abstract Pyogenic liver is rare in children with geographical differences in its epidemiology. Mortality remains high at 15%. Anaerobic liver abscess in paediatric setting is rare, even more so when complicated by portal vein thrombosis. A 6 year old girl previously fit and well, was admitted with fever, lethargy and weight loss of two weeks duration. On examination she was febrile, and a review of the systems revealed no positive findings. Abdominal ultrasound scan showed multiple interconnecting cystic lesions consistent with liver abscess confirmed by a computed tomography scan. An aspirate of the abscess grew a non haemolytic anaerobic organism which was difficult to identify on routine conventional phenotypic identification tests. A 16S ribo... Journal of Medical Microbiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5277000 Thu, 22 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5277000 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5276999&cid=s_37692_77_f&fid=37692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21940653%26dopt%3DAbstract We present an unusual case of a patient with scrub typhus who developed acalculous cholecystitis, aseptic meningitis, and mononeuritis multiplex. The patient was successfully treated by oral minocycline. To our knowledge, this is the first report of mononeuritis multiplex caused by scrub typhus. PMID: 21940653 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Journal of Medical Microbiology) Journal of Medical Microbiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5276999 Thu, 22 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5276999 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5276998&cid=s_37692_77_f&fid=37692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21940654%26dopt%3DAbstract We present the case of an immunocompetent male who presented with symptoms of meningitis. Yeasts were seen on two consecutive cerebrospinal fluid samples, which were identified by PCR as Sporobolomyces roseus. This yeast is rarely encountered in clinical settings, and has only previously been seen to cause infection in immunocompromised patients. This case highlights the challenges presented by the identification of an unusual pathogen in an unexpected clinical setting. PMID: 21940654 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Journal of Medical Microbiology) Journal of Medical Microbiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5276998 Thu, 22 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5276998 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5276997&cid=s_37692_77_f&fid=37692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21940655%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, we identified plasmid- and integron-borne bla(IMP-11) in clinical isolates of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae. The bla(IMP-11) gene cassette was carried by a typical class 1 integron together with aacA1 and orfG gene cassettes. The integron, intI1-bla(IMP-11)-aacA1-orfG-qacED1-sul1, was easily transferred by conjugation of intra-species and inter-genus of bacteria, indicating that the integron is located on a transferable plasmid. The integrated genes were preceded by TGGACA-N(17)-TAAACT, a hybrid Pc promoter. Similar with the wide-type donors, the transconjugants also showed a reduced susceptibility or resistance to carbapenems, amikacin and kanamycin. The identical integron was detected in 4 bacterial strains which were genetically different but were isolated fr... Journal of Medical Microbiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5276997 Thu, 22 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5276997 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5228621&cid=s_37692_77_f&fid=37692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21921107%26dopt%3DAbstract This report is the first description of CTX-M-15 production and the emergence of PMQR in P. agglomerans and E. cloacae isolates from Nigeria. Transfer of resistance genes by conjugation and the presence of mobile elements demonstrate the risk of further dissemination into other Enterobacteriaceae which may result in limited treatment options. PMID: 21921107 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Journal of Medical Microbiology) Journal of Medical Microbiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5228621 Thu, 15 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5228621 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5228618&cid=s_37692_77_f&fid=37692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21921108%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, our outcomes showed that the activity in enzymes of cholinergic system in the total blood, lymphocytes and serum is altered as a result of inflammation caused by infection with L. icterohaemorrhagiae. The possible causes of these alterations will be discussed in this paper. PMID: 21921108 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Journal of Medical Microbiology) Journal of Medical Microbiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5228618 Thu, 15 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5228618 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5228617&cid=s_37692_77_f&fid=37692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21921109%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Rejmanek D, Bradburd G, Foley J Abstract Anaplasma phagocytophilum is an emerging tick-borne pathogen that infects humans, domestic animals, and wildlife throughout the Holarctic. In the far-western United States multiple rodent species have been implicated as natural reservoirs for A. phagocytophilum. However, the presence of multiple A. phagocytophilum strains has made it difficult to determine which reservoir hosts pose the greatest risk to humans and domestic animals. Here we characterized three genetic markers (23S-5S intergenic spacer, ank, and groESL) from 73 real-time Taqman PCR-positive A. phagocytophilum strains infecting multiple rodent and reptile species, as well as a dog and a horse, from California. Bayesian and maximum likelihood phylogenetic analyses of al... Journal of Medical Microbiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5228617 Thu, 15 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5228617 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5228616&cid=s_37692_77_f&fid=37692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21921110%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Geigenfeind I, Vanrompay D, Haag-Wackernagel D Abstract Feral pigeons (Columba livia) are commonly infected with Chlamydia psittaci, the agent of psittacosis in humans. To assess the zoonotic risk posed by feral pigeons in the urban environment, we examined the presence of the Chlamydia psittaci outer membrane protein A (ompA) gene in pharyngeal and cloacal samples of 202 feral pigeons present in a loft in Basel, Switzerland. Additionally, we examined 620 fresh faecal droppings of feral pigeons at 6 public sites in Basel. The ompA gene of C. psittaci could be detected in only 17 (8.4%) of 202 feral pigeons in the loft. Chlamydia psittaci DNA was present in 9 of 447 (2.0%) and 11 of 348 (3.2%) pharyngeal and cloacal swabs, respectively. Genotyping of the ompA gene revealed ... Journal of Medical Microbiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5228616 Thu, 15 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5228616 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5228615&cid=s_37692_77_f&fid=37692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21921111%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Katsukawa C, Komiya T, Yamagishi H, Ishii A, Nishino S, Nagahama S, Iwaki M, Yamamoto A, Takahashi M Abstract Diphtheria-like human illness caused by Corynebacterium ulcerans is an emerging threat in developed countries, with incidence sometimes higher than that of diphtheria caused by Corynebacterium diphtheriae. Companion animals are considered a potential source of human infections. In order to determine the prevalence of C. ulcerans among dogs, we performed a screening for the bacterium in 583 dogs in the custody of the Osaka Prefectural government. Forty-four dogs (7.5%) were positive for the bacterium, although they did not show any clinical symptoms. All bacterial isolates showed resistance or decreased sensitivity to clindamycin, and some, decreased sensitivity to ... Journal of Medical Microbiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5228615 Thu, 15 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5228615 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5228614&cid=s_37692_77_f&fid=37692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21921112%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, we have evaluated the Xpect® kit together with the BinaxNOW® kit and compared with the Binax®EIA kit. One hundred and fifteen urine samples from 91 patients with laboratory confirmed LD were examined. Ninety three samples were from 69 culture-proven cases of which 27 samples were from 23 non-serogroup 1 cases. On the patient level the overall sensitivities for the three Legionella urinary antigen kits were 79% for the Binax®EIA, 47% for the BinaxNOW® and 32% for the Xpect® kit. None of the urine samples from the 10 L. pneumophila serogroup 6 cases were positive by the Xpect® kit whereas samples from four of the patients were positive by the BinaxvEIA. Overall, the sensitivities for both immunochromatic assays were poor and they should not be used as the sole method fo... Journal of Medical Microbiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5228614 Thu, 15 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5228614 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5228613&cid=s_37692_77_f&fid=37692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21921113%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Conibear TC, Willcox MD, Flanagan JL, Zhu H Abstract When expressed during ocular infection, protease IV from Pseudomonas aeruginosa contributes significantly to tissue damage. However, several P. aeruginosa strains isolated from ocular infection or inflammatory events produce very low levels of protease IV. The aim of the present study was to characterize genetically and phenotypically the presence and expression of protease IV gene in a group of clinical isolates representing adverse ocular events of varying degrees, and to elucidate the possible control mechanisms of expression associated with this virulence factor. Protease IV gene sequences from seven clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa were determined and compared to the type strains PAO1 and PA103-29. Protei... Journal of Medical Microbiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5228613 Thu, 15 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5228613 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5228612&cid=s_37692_77_f&fid=37692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21921114%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Logan C, Habington A, Lennon G, Grogan J, Byrne M, O'Leary JJ, O'Sullivan N Abstract Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the primary pathogens in the cystic fibrosis (CF) lung and a significant cause of morbidity and mortality. Reports of the spread of epidemic or transmissible of P. aeruginosa within and across CF centres in Europe have raised concern regarding the possibility of clonal spread among and within CF centres in Ireland. P. aeruginosa isolates (313 isolates from 142 sputa and 53 throat swabs) from 68 CF patients were examined using pulsed field gel electrophoresis to explore the diversity of P. aeruginosa isolates among CF patients in a Dublin paediatric hospital. Only 57 different P. aeruginosa genotypes were identified among the 313 isolates. Forty-three of the... Journal of Medical Microbiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5228612 Thu, 15 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5228612 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5218432&cid=s_37692_77_f&fid=37692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21903820%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Tau NP, Smith AM, Sooka A, Keddy KH, Germs-Sa FT Abstract No abstract. PMID: 21903820 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Journal of Medical Microbiology) Journal of Medical Microbiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5218432 Thu, 08 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5218432 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5218431&cid=s_37692_77_f&fid=37692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21903821%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Higgins PG, Hujer AM, Hujer KM, Bonomo RA, Seifert H Abstract We have investigated the reproducibility of DiversiLab rep-PCR fingerprints between two laboratories with the aim to determine if the fingerprints and clustering are laboratory-specific or portable. One-hundred non-duplicate A. baumannii isolates were used in this study. DNA isolation and rep-PCR was performed separately in two laboratories and rep-PCR patterns generated in laboratory A were compared to those from laboratory B. Twelve A. baumannii isolates processed in laboratory A showed ≥ 98 % pattern similarity with the corresponding 12 isolates tested in laboratory B and were considered identical. Sixty-four isolates showed 95 - 97.9% similarity with their corresponding isolates. Twenty-three isolates show... Journal of Medical Microbiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5218431 Thu, 08 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5218431 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5218430&cid=s_37692_77_f&fid=37692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21903822%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Boswihi SS, Udo EE, Al-Sweih N Abstract A total of 143 GBS isolates collected from mothers at the Maternity hospital in Kuwait were investigated for their serotypes and antibiotic resistance, and screened for the carriage of genes for tetracycline (tetk, tetM, tetL, tetO), erythromycin ( ermA, ermB, ermC, ermTR, ermM, mefA, mefE, msrA) and aminoglycosides (aph3, ant4, ant6) resistance by PCR. All isolates were serotyped using latex agglutination test. Most of the isolates belonged to serotypes V (38.5%), III (20.9%), Ia (7.7%), and II (11.2%). Sixteen isolates (11.2%) were nontypeable. All isolates were susceptible to penicillin, ampicillin and cefotaxime (MIC: 0.016- 0.094 microgram ml-1) but were resistant to trimethoprim (92.3%), tetracycline (89.5%), minocycline (89.5%... Journal of Medical Microbiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5218430 Thu, 08 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5218430 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5218429&cid=s_37692_77_f&fid=37692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21903823%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study we investigated the prevalence and molecular characteristics of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae clinical isolates. We found none of the 77 Enterobacteriaceae clinical isolates collected from 2002 to 2009 was susceptible to ertapenem, and the susceptibility rates for imipenem and meropenem were 6.5%, 1.3%, respectively. Colistin and tigecycline were found to be most active against carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae isolates, inhibiting 90% of isolates at a concentration of 1 microgram/ml and 4 microgram/ml, respectively. The PFGE profile suggested that many of the KPC-2-producing C. freundii and K. pneumoniae isolates were clonally related and most isolates were isolated from the same ward, namely neurosurgical ward, suggesting a horizontal spread of KPC-2 in thes... Journal of Medical Microbiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5218429 Thu, 08 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5218429 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5218428&cid=s_37692_77_f&fid=37692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21903824%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Grald A, Yargosz P, Case S, Shea K, Johnson DI Abstract Candida albicans cells have the ability to form biofilms on biotic and abiotic surfaces, such as indwelling medical devices. C. albicans cells can interconvert between budded and hyphal growth forms, herein termed the budded-to-hyphal transition (BHT), which is important for the formation of mature biofilms. Previous work identified 28 small organic molecules that could inhibit the BHT but did not affect C. albicans cell viability or budded cell growth. These BHT inhibitors were proposed to inhibit multiple signaling pathways regulating the BHT, many of which also regulate biofilm formation. However, only three of the BHT inhibitors, buhytrinA, ETYA, and CGP-37157 were capable of inhibiting in vitro biofilm formation ... Journal of Medical Microbiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5218428 Thu, 08 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5218428 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5218417&cid=s_37692_77_f&fid=37692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21903825%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Moura VC, Silva MG, Gomes KM, Coelho FS, Sampaio JL, Mello FC, Lourenco MC, Amorim ED, Duarte R Abstract Several outbreaks of infections caused by rapidly growing mycobacteria (RGM) have been reported in many Brazilian states (n = 2032 notified cases) from 2004 to 2010. Most of the confirmed cases were mainly associated to Mycobacterium massiliense, recently renamed as Mycobacterium abscessus subsp. bolletii, BRA100 clone recovered from patients who had undergone invasive procedures, in which medical instruments had not been properly sterilized and / or disinfected. Since quinolones have represented an option for the treatment of general RGM infections and suggested for therapeutic schemes for these outbreaks, we evaluated the in vitro activities of all generations of quin... Journal of Medical Microbiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5218417 Thu, 08 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5218417 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5218410&cid=s_37692_77_f&fid=37692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21903826%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Walsh F, Rogers TR Abstract We investigated the frequency of extended spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL) and plasmid mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) mechanisms in 206 clinical isolates of 3rd generation cephalosporin (3GC) resistant Enterobacteriaceae in 4 hospitals in the Republic of Ireland (ROI). blaCTX-M-15 was the predominant ESBL gene. Fifty-four percent of these 3GC resistant isolates were additionally resistant to ciprofloxacin. Investigation of the PMQR mechanisms revealed that the aac(6')Ib-cr gene predominated in E. coli and K. pneumoniae fluoroquinolone resistant (FQR) strains while the qnrA gene predominated in the FQR Enterobacter spp. blaCTX-M-15 was frequently identified with aac(6')Ib-cr, but was not always on the same plasmid. The prevalence of blaCTX-M... Journal of Medical Microbiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5218410 Thu, 08 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5218410 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5218408&cid=s_37692_77_f&fid=37692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21903827%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study we sought to identify phenotypic differences among a collection of 26 presumed PCR ribotype 027 strains from the US and the UK isolated between 1988 and 2008 and also re-evaluated the PCR ribotype. We demonstrate that some of the strains typed as BI by restriction endonuclease analysis, and presumed to be PCR ribotype 027 are in fact other PCR ribotypes such as 176, 198 and 244 due to slight variation in banding pattern compared to the 027 strains. The re-assigned 176, 198 and 244 ribotype strains were isolated in the US between 2001 and 2004 and appear to have evolved recently from the 027 lineage. In addition, the UK strains are more motile and more resistant to most of the antibiotics compared to the US counterparts. We conclude that there should be a heightened awareness ... Journal of Medical Microbiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5218408 Thu, 08 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5218408 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5218407&cid=s_37692_77_f&fid=37692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21903828%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Rezaei-Matehkolaei A, Makimura K, de Hoog GS, Shidfar MR, Satoh K, Najafzadeh MJ, Mirhendi H Abstract Microsporum ferrugineum, an uncommon causative agent of dermatophytosis, has restricted endemicity. Iranian strains suspected to be M. ferrugineum from two patients with tinea were analyzed using the rDNA ITS region and the partial beta-tubulin (BT2) and translation elongation factor 1-alpha(TEF1) genes. Strains compared to reference strains to differentiate M. ferrugineum from its relatives M. canis and M. audouinii. Inter-species differences for TEF1 and BT2 were found to be higher than for ITS, which is the current molecular standard of species identification in dermatophytes. Intra-species variations were zero for each of the markers. In silico analysis showed that res... Journal of Medical Microbiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5218407 Thu, 08 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5218407 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5218406&cid=s_37692_77_f&fid=37692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21903829%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Abadi AT, Taghvaei T, Wolfram L, Kusters JG Abstract Recently, dupA was reported as new virulence factor in Helicobacter pylori, but both its association with gastroduodenal disorders and its mode of action are still unclear. The association of the dupA status with the different disease groups was determined and a biological explanation for the observed associations was tested. In total 216 H. pylori isolates could be obtained from 232 presumably H. pylori infected patients. A positive association was observed between occurrence of duodenal ulcer and the presence of dupA [OR: 24.22; 95% CI: 10.6-54.8]. In addition an inverse association between the occurrences of gastric cancer [OR: 0.16; 95% CI: 0.05-0.47] and gastric ulcer [OR: 0.34; 95% CI: 0.16-0.68] with presence of d... Journal of Medical Microbiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5218406 Thu, 08 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5218406 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5218435&cid=s_37692_77_f&fid=37692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21890513%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, to assess whether the potency of S-CMC is attributable to inhibition of pneumococcal adherence to host cells, an alveolar epithelial cell line stimulated with interleukin-1α (IL-1α) was used as a model of inflamed epithelial cells. Despite up-regulation of PAFR by inflammatory activation, treatment with S-CMC efficiently inhibited pneumococcal adherence to host epithelial cells. In order to gain insight into the inhibitory mechanism, we also investigated the effects of S-CMC on PAFR expression. Following treatment with S-CMC, that expression was reduced at both mRNA and post-transcriptional levels. Interestingly, S-CMC was also effective in inhibiting pneumococcal adherence to cells transfected with PAFR siRNA. These results indicate S-CMC as a probable inhibitor targeting... Journal of Medical Microbiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5218435 Fri, 02 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5218435 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5218434&cid=s_37692_77_f&fid=37692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21890514%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Chiang-Ni C, Zheng PX, Tsai PJ, Chuang WJ, Lin YS, Liu CC, Wu JJ Abstract The autoinducer-2/LuxS signaling pathway participates in quorum-sensing in diverse bacterial species. In group A streptococcus, LuxS has been shown to be involved in regulating expression of several important virulence factors. Streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin B (SpeB), a cysteine protease that has important roles in group A streptococcus pathogenesis, is positively regulated by LuxS in M3 and M5 strains. In the present study, we found that the supernatant harvested from an overnight culture stimulated M1 strains to express speB. However, mutation of the luxS gene in M1 strains or treating M1 strains with luxS mutant culture supernatant did not affect speB expression, indicating that the LuxS pathway... Journal of Medical Microbiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5218434 Fri, 02 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5218434 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5218433&cid=s_37692_77_f&fid=37692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21890515%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Blaskovic D, Turna J Abstract Occurrence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria represents problem in treatment of bacterial diseases. New antibiotics are being developed to treat patients infected with multi-resistant bacteria. Monitoring of killing and/or inhibitory effect of potential antibiotics on growth of bacteria is currently based on fluorogenic substrates, fluorescent dyes and expensive instrumentation. We have developed user friendly assay for screening of susceptibility of bacteria to antibiotics. The assay is based on reduction of potassium tellurite in viable cell suspensions. PMID: 21890515 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Journal of Medical Microbiology) Journal of Medical Microbiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5218433 Fri, 02 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5218433 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5218440&cid=s_37692_77_f&fid=37692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21873378%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, the extended anamnesis of H. pylori positive patients should include data on patient age, sex, health-care profession, coinfections and possibly diabetes to improve the choice of empiric therapy. Tailored treatment based on the extended anamnesis is suggested and susceptibility testing of the strains is recommended for patients at risk for antibiotic resistance, especially to clarithromycin, fluoroquinolones or both metronidazole and clarithromycin. PMID: 21873378 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Journal of Medical Microbiology) Journal of Medical Microbiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5218440 Fri, 26 Aug 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5218440 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5218439&cid=s_37692_77_f&fid=37692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21873379%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Zhang B, Gertz RE, Liu Z, Li Z, Fu W, Beall B Abstract Ninety-one consecutive pneumococcal isolates (primarily from sputum), recovered in Chongqing Southwest Hospital during a 12 month period in 2009-2010 from individuals of all ages with suspected cases of pneumococcal disease, were subjected to PCR-serotyping, quellung reaction serotyping, antimicrobial susceptibility testing, and multilocus sequence typing (MLST). Although 20 different serotypes were observed, most isolates (69 = 75.8%) were of serotypes included in the pneumococcal 13-valent conjugate vaccine (PCV13), including 33 of the 46 (71.7%) isolates recovered from individuals less than 5 years of age. The prevalent serotypes were 19F (34%), 19A (9.9%), 6B (9.9%), 23F (7.7%), 14 (6.6%), and 6A (4.4%). PCR-determ... Journal of Medical Microbiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5218439 Fri, 26 Aug 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5218439 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5218438&cid=s_37692_77_f&fid=37692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21873380%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Sevillano E, Fernandez E, Bustamante Z, Zabalaga S, Rosales I, Umaran A, Gallego L Abstract A. baumannii is an emerging multi-resistant pathogen and very little information is available regarding the imipenem resistance in Latin American countries such as Bolivia. We investigated the antimicrobial resistance profile of 46 clinical strains from different hospitals of Cochabamba, Bolivia, from March 2008 to July 2009, and the presence of carbapenemases as resistance mechanism to imipenem. Isolates were obtained from 46 patients (one isolate per patient), 30 males and 16 females, of ages ranging from 1 day to 84 years; and were collected from different samples, the majority of them from respiratory tract infections (17) and wounds (13). Resistance to imipenem was detected in ... Journal of Medical Microbiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5218438 Fri, 26 Aug 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5218438 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5218437&cid=s_37692_77_f&fid=37692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21873381%26dopt%3DAbstract This study aimed to describe and compare the microbiology of NGA from caesarean and vaginal deliveries using molecular methods, and to evaluate other possible clinical and non-clinical variables that may have determined the presence of the bacteria in the samples. The value of using NGA and molecular methods to investigate potential pathogens associated with the risk of early infection was also evaluated. Bacteria were identified by a combined molecular approach on the basis of the 16S rRNA gene using both clone analysis and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis. Forty-three and 34 different species were identified in the vaginal (n= 121) and caesarean (n=119) deliveries, respectively; 26 of the species observed (51%) were common to both modalities although usually less prevalent in the ... Journal of Medical Microbiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5218437 Fri, 26 Aug 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5218437 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5218436&cid=s_37692_77_f&fid=37692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21873382%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Roh KH, Song W, Chung HS, Lee YS, Yum JH, Yi HN, Chun JS, Yong D, Lee K, Chong Y Abstract In our study of the diversity of AmpC β-lactamase in clinical isolates of Enterobacter spp., we found a strain carrying plasmid-mediated AmpC β-lactamase, ACT-1 on its chromosome. The strain was identified as Enterobacter hormaechei using phylogenetic analysis of 16s rRNA and hsp60 genes. In addition, the species was confirmed by using DNA-DNA hybridization. We characterized the genetic environment of the blaACT-1 gene including ampR and ampG genes using two-step PCR. The amino acid sequences of AmpR at positions 35 serine, 86 arginine, 102 glycine, 135 aspartic acid, and 264 tyrosine were conserved. We also measured the transcription level of the blaACT-1 gene increasing by 1.98-ti... Journal of Medical Microbiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5218436 Fri, 26 Aug 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5218436 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5174990&cid=s_37692_77_f&fid=37692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21862758%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Silva F, Ferreira S, Queiroz JA, Domingues FC Abstract The aim of this work was to study the antibacterial effect of coriander (Coriandrum sativum) essential oil against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Antibacterial susceptibility was evaluated using classical microbiological techniques concomitantly with the use of flow cytometry for the evaluation of cellular physiology. Our results showed that coriander oil has an effective antimicrobial activity against all bacteria tested. Also, coriander oil exhibited bactericidal activity against almost all bacteria tested, with the exception of Bacillus cereus and Enterococcus faecalis. Propidium iodide incorporation and concomitant loss of all other cellular functions such as efflux activity, respiratory activity and mem... Journal of Medical Microbiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5174990 Mon, 22 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5174990 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5175000&cid=s_37692_77_f&fid=37692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21852521%26dopt%3DAbstract This study suggests that MARV and ZEBOV are more virulent by the IP than aerosol infection, although both are highly virulent by either route. The KO mouse may provide a useful model to test the potential antiviral therapeutics against wild-type filoviruses. PMID: 21852521 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Journal of Medical Microbiology) Journal of Medical Microbiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5175000 Wed, 17 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5175000 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5174999&cid=s_37692_77_f&fid=37692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21852522%26dopt%3DAbstract The objective of this study was to screen for novel quorum sensing inhibitors (QSIs) from Traditional Chinese Medicines (TCMs) that inhibit bacterial biofilm formation . Six of 46 active components found in TCMs were identified as putative QSIs based on molecular docking studies. Of these, three compounds inhibited biofilm formation in Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia at a concentration of 200 μM. A fourth compound (Emodin) significantly inhibited biofilm formation at 20 μM and induced proteolysis of the quorum sensing signal receptor TraR in Escherichia coli at a concentration of 3-30 mM. Emodin also increased the activity of ampicillin against P. aeruginosa. Therefore, Emodin might be suitable for development into an antivirulence and antibacterial agent. PMI... Journal of Medical Microbiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5174999 Wed, 17 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5174999 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5174998&cid=s_37692_77_f&fid=37692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21852523%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Zhao KL, Liu Y, Zhang XY, Palahati P, Wang HN, Yue BS Abstract Arcanobacterium pyogenes is commonly isolated from ruminant animals as an opportunistic pathogen which co-infects with other bacteria normally causing surface or internal abscesses. Strains isolated from forest musk deer suppurative samples were identified by their 16S rDNA sequences and A. pyogenes were confirmed by the amplification of the pyolysin gene (plo). Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of 14 commonly used antibiotics were determined by the agar dilution method. The intI I and intI II genes were amplified to determine if integrons were present in the A. pyogenes genome. Class I gene cassettes were detected by specific primers and analyzed after sequencing. Arcanobacterium pyogenes were isolated ... Journal of Medical Microbiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5174998 Wed, 17 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5174998 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5174997&cid=s_37692_77_f&fid=37692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21852524%26dopt%3DAbstract This study provides baseline information of the significance of specific virotypes associated with suckling and weaning periods in piglets in Mexico. PMID: 21852524 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Journal of Medical Microbiology) Journal of Medical Microbiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5174997 Wed, 17 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5174997 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5174996&cid=s_37692_77_f&fid=37692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21852525%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Park YK, Jung SI, Park KH, Kim DH, Choi JY, Kim SH, Ko KS Abstract Acinetobacter spp. has emerged as an opportunistic nosocomial pathogen in intensive care units. Epidemic spread and outbreaks of multidrug-resistant or carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii infections have been described worldwide. For Acinetobacter spp. isolates collected from a single institution in Korea over 7-years, species distribution, antimicrobial resistances, and genotypes were investigated. Two hundred eighty-seven Acinetobacter spp. isolates were collected from patients with bloodstream infections in one Korean hospital during the 7 years from 2003-2010. Most of them belonged to A. calcoaceticus-baumannii (Acb) complex (94.4%). The most frequently isolated species was A. baumannii (44.2%)... Journal of Medical Microbiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5174996 Wed, 17 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5174996 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5174995&cid=s_37692_77_f&fid=37692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21852526%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study 86 isolates of Vibrio cholerae were analyzed for their adhesive properties and the presence of pathogenicity island genes. With exception of three isolates, all of the clinical isolates (92%) contained intact TCP (toxin-coregulated pili) gene cluster. In contrast, 95% of all environmental non O1-non O139 isolates were negative for TCP gene cluster. Majority of clinical isolates (82.5%) possessed the complete VPI gene and having similar RFLP pattern, while only a single environmental strain possessed an almost complete VPI cluster (lacking a 0.4 kb in tcpA and toxT region). The result showed that the isolates with tcpA+/ toxT+ strains had a strong attachment for HT-29 and Vero cells, whereas isolates with tcpA+/toxT- or tcpA-/toxT- genomic characteristics showed no autoaggluti... Journal of Medical Microbiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5174995 Wed, 17 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5174995 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5174994&cid=s_37692_77_f&fid=37692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21852527%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Maeda Y, Goldsmith C, Coulter W, Mason C, Dooley J, Lowery C, Millar C, Moore J Abstract The aim of this study was to investigate the reliability of disc diffusion testing against penicillin, erythromycin and ciprofloxacin with the viridans group streptococci (VGS). In total, the antibiotic susceptibilities of 167 VGS isolates were compared by standard disk diffusion and broth microdilution methods and these phenotypic data compared to the carriage of respective gene resistance determinants (ermB & mefA/E [macrolides]; QRDR, gyrA, gyrB, parC & parE [quinolones]). Overall, there were 35 discrepancies (resistant by MIC and susceptible by zone diameter (NCCLS, 1994)) (20.6%) between MIC and disc diameter when penicillin susceptibility was interpreted by CLSI criteria.... Journal of Medical Microbiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5174994 Wed, 17 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5174994 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5174993&cid=s_37692_77_f&fid=37692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21852528%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Yoshida H, Matsui H, Murayama SY, Takada Y, Matsuo K, Takahashi T, Nakamura M, Ubukata K, Takahashi T Abstract Ankle arthritis was induced by a single subcutaneous (s.c.) infection of 1 x 10(7) c.f.u. of the Streptococcus dysgalactiae subspecies equisimilis (SDSE) strain RE378, which was isolated from a patient suffering from multiple organ failure (MOF) due to septicemia, into both hind footpads of human CD46-expressing transgenic (Tg) mice. In contrast, in non-Tg mice, the incipient foot lesions (swelling and redness) resolved before arthritis developed. The number of viable bacteria in tissue samples and the arthritis frequency at days 3 and 28, respectively, after infection were higher in CD46 Tg mice than in non-Tg mice. The histopathologic findings in the hind ankle ... Journal of Medical Microbiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5174993 Wed, 17 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5174993 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5174992&cid=s_37692_77_f&fid=37692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21852529%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Huang WM, Fan YM, Li W, Yang WW Abstract A 38-year-old male farmer with brain abscess caused by Cladophialophora bantiana is described. He had a 2-year history of non-insulin dependent diabetes and myelodysplastic syndrome. Cranial CT scan demonstrated a hypodense ring lesion with peripheral edema and midline shift in the left frontal lobe. A darkly pigmented mold was isolated from the brain abscess. The isolate was identified as C. bantiana based on its morphological features and DNA sequence analysis. The patient was unresponsive to the bur hole aspiration and irrigation as well as liposomal amphotericin B infusion and died after the discharge of hospital. This is the first case of cerebral abscess due to C. bantiana in China. PMID: 21852529 [PubMed - as supplied by ... Journal of Medical Microbiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5174992 Wed, 17 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5174992 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5174991&cid=s_37692_77_f&fid=37692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21852530%26dopt%3DAbstract We report a case of chronic pulmonary blastomycosis treated successfully with caspofungin. PMID: 21852530 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Journal of Medical Microbiology) Journal of Medical Microbiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5174991 Wed, 17 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5174991 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5141188&cid=s_37692_77_f&fid=37692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21835969%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Samarawickrama A, Alexander S, Ison CA Abstract AbstractThe development of gonococcal point-of-care tests (POCTs) has been challenging due to the relatively monomorphic nature of the Neisseria genus. The BioStar Optical ImmunoAssay (OIA) POCT for diagnosing Neisseria gonorrhoeae detects a specific epitope on the L7/L12 ribosomal protein, which reduces cross-reactivity with other Neisseriae, and produces a highly specific test. A laboratory-based evaluation of this POCT was performed to determine its analytical sensitivity and specificity. A panel of N. gonorrhoeae (n=158) and non-gonococcal Neisseria (n=62), isolates were examined. The OIA GC POCT positively reacted with 99.4% N. gonorrhoeae isolates and produced no reaction with 88.7% non-gonococcal Neisseria isolates. It... Journal of Medical Microbiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5141188 Wed, 10 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5141188 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5141187&cid=s_37692_77_f&fid=37692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21835970%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Mencacci A, Leli C, Cardaccia A, Montagna P, Moretti A, Bietolini C, Meucci M, Perito S, Cenci E, Bistoni F Abstract Early detection of aetiological agents is pivotal for adequate therapy of bacterial infections. Although culture is still considered the mainstay for laboratory diagnosis, it often lacks sensitivity, especially in patients already treated with antibiotics. The present study investigates the potential clinical utility of the commercial real-time PCR based system SeptiFast (SF), originally intended for diagnosis of sepsis from blood specimens, in the aetiological diagnosis of other bacterial infections, in patients undergoing antibiotic therapy. A total of 53 non-blood specimens were analyzed for microbial pathogen detection by conventional culture and with SF... Journal of Medical Microbiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5141187 Wed, 10 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5141187 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5141186&cid=s_37692_77_f&fid=37692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21835971%26dopt%3DAbstract We report that administration of VE plus daptomycin (DAP) or tigecycline (TIG) was efficacy in increasing antimicrobial activity in a mouse model of wound infection due to methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Wound, established through the panniculus carnosus of mice, was inoculated with MRSA. Mice were assigned to six groups: a VE pretreated group with no antibiotics given after MRSA challenge, two VE pretreated groups plus DAP or TIG given after MRSA challenge; two groups treated with only DAP or TIG after MRSA challenge, and a control group which did not receive any treatment. Main outcome measures were: quantitative bacterial culture and analysis of Natural Killer (NK) cytotoxicity and leukocyte phenotype. Bacterial cultures of mice receiving antibiotics alone showed a -... Journal of Medical Microbiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5141186 Wed, 10 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5141186 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5141185&cid=s_37692_77_f&fid=37692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21835972%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Zhang R, Cai JC, Zhou HW, Nasu M, Chen GX Abstract Carbapenam-resistant Enterobacteriaceae is increasing. In order to evaluate the effects of tigecycline and polymyxin B against the carbapenam-non-susceptible pathogens, 89 representative clinical isolates of carbapenem-non-susceptible Enterobacteriaceae were recovered from 7 hospitals of 4 cities in China during 2006 to 2009, including 30 Serratia marcescens, 35 Klebsiella pneumoniae, 7 Enterobacter cloacae, 6 Enterobacter aerogenes, 5 Escherichia coli, 4 Citrobacter freundii, and 2 Klebsiella oxytoca. Twenty-eight S. marcescens were indistinguishable. Thirty-five K. pneumoniae belonged to 12 clonal strains. Among 89 Enterobacteriaceae, 82 produced KPC-2, 7 produced IMP (3 produced KPC-2 simultaneously), 3 did not produce ... Journal of Medical Microbiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5141185 Wed, 10 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5141185 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5141184&cid=s_37692_77_f&fid=37692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21835973%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Sheppard CL, Guiver M, Hartley J, Harrison TG, George RC Abstract No abstract. PMID: 21835973 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Journal of Medical Microbiology) Journal of Medical Microbiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5141184 Wed, 10 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5141184 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5141183&cid=s_37692_77_f&fid=37692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21835974%26dopt%3DAbstract This study compares ability of four commercially available ELISA kits (Bioquant, IBL, Vircell, and Euroimmun) to diagnose brucellosis in patients from Egypt and the United States. The sensitivities for all kits tested, except Vircell, were greater than 90% while specificities were variable with the Bioquant assay having a specificity of less than 40%. Detection of IgG antibody was more sensitive than IgM antibody for diagnosing brucellosis cases but specificity was comparable. Overall, there was good agreement between all of the kits except Bioquant. No diagnostic assay is 100% reliable for diagnosing brucellosis; serology results need to be considered in tandem with patient history, clinical signs, and other test results. PMID: 21835974 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Jou... Journal of Medical Microbiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5141183 Wed, 10 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5141183 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5141189&cid=s_37692_77_f&fid=37692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21825307%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Liu M, Capilla J, Johansen ME, Alvarado D, Martinez M, Chen V, Clemons KV, Stevens DA Abstract The mortality of clinical Aspergillus infections necessitates consideration of the utility of a vaccine. We have found that Saccharomyces species can act as a protective vaccine against a lethal systemic Aspergillus infection, and describe experiments optimizing a subcutaneous regimen with killed yeast. Three injections of 2.5 mg given a week apart, 2 weeks prior to challenge, consistently, significantly, provided survival protection and reduction of infection in organs in survivors. The protection was independent of the strain of Saccharomyces, and possibly even the species, and could be demonstrated in several inbred (including C'-deficient) and outbred mouse strains. The prote... Journal of Medical Microbiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5141189 Sun, 07 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5141189 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5141194&cid=s_37692_77_f&fid=37692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21816942%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Wang D, Wang H, Qi Y, Liang Y, Zhang J, Yu L Abstract Quinolone resistance in the Enterobacteriaceae families is mostly attributed to the accumulation of mutations in the bacterial enzymes targeted by fluoroquinolones: DNA gyrase and DNA topoisomerase IV. Here we isolated the strains KP3606 and KP4707 in Klebsiella pneumoniae in different specimens from 2008 to 2010 in Taizhou Municipal Hospital of China, discovered a new subtype qnrB31, which GenBank accession number is HQ418999, and another new subtype qnrB32, which GenBank accession number is HQ704413. Susceptibility testing showed that KP3606 was a reduced susceptibility (MIC ≥0.5 µg/ml) to quinolones while KP4707 was resistant to quinolones. Of all qnrB alleles, novel variant of the qnrB32 gene and qnrB31 gene have... Journal of Medical Microbiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5141194 Wed, 03 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5141194 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5141193&cid=s_37692_77_f&fid=37692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21816943%26dopt%3DAbstract This study was conducted to detect and analyse the presence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) determinants [qnr, aac(6')-Ib-cr and qepA] among clinical isolates of Citrobacter freundii strains isolated from patients in Anhui, China. During 2009-2010, 31 Citrobacter freundii strains were collected from various hospital units and patient specimens. PCR was used to detect PMQR genes. The genotypes of the positive strains were compared by analysis of banding patterns generated by PFGE of XbaI-digested genomic DNA. Conjugation experiments were conducted to determine whether the qnr-carrying plasmids were self-transferable. Susceptibility of positive isolates and transconjugants were tested by agar dilution method according to CLSI guidelines. Plasmids of transconjugants were extra... Journal of Medical Microbiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5141193 Wed, 03 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5141193 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5141192&cid=s_37692_77_f&fid=37692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21816944%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Nakayama Y, Ishikawa C, Tamaki K, Senba M, Fujita J, Mori N Abstract The pathogenic mechanism of human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I)-related pulmonary disease, which involves overexpression of ICAM-1 in lung epithelial cells, was investigated. Supernatants of HTLV-I-infected Tax-positive MT-2 and C5/MJ cells induced ICAM-1 expression on A549, a human tumor cell line with the properties of alveolar epithelial cells. Neutralization of ICAM-1 partially inhibited HTLV-I-infected T cell adhesion to A549 cells. An analysis of the ICAM-1 promoter showed that the NF-κB binding site is important for supernatant-induced ICAM-1 expression. Induction of IL-1α expression in MT-2 and C5/MJ cells compared to uninfected controls and HTLV-I-infected Tax-negative cell lines was ob... Journal of Medical Microbiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5141192 Wed, 03 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5141192 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5141191&cid=s_37692_77_f&fid=37692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21816945%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Saising J, Ongsakul M, Voravuthikunchai SP Abstract Antistaphylococci activity of the ethanol extract of Rhodomyrtus tomentosa and its pure compound, rhodomyrtone as well as their effects on staphylococcal biofilm formation and biofilm-grown cells were assessed. Mminimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) values of the ethanol extract and rhodomyrtone against planktonic cultures and biofilms of 5 clinical strains of Staphylococcus aureus, 5 clinical strains of Staphylococcus epidermidis, and ATCC strains of both spiecies were between 32-512 µg ml-1 and 0.25-2 µg ml-1, respectively. The results from time-kill study indicated that rhodomyrtone at 4MIC could reduce 99.9% S. aureus ATCC 25923 and S. epidermidis ATCC 35984 cells with... Journal of Medical Microbiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5141191 Wed, 03 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5141191 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5141190&cid=s_37692_77_f&fid=37692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21816946%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Chatterton JM, McDonagh S, Spence N, Ho-Yen DO Abstract The serological laboratory workload in detecting toxoplasma infection may be expected to change with changes in the clinical profile of patient populations. We have examined the clinical information and laboratory results for patients referred to the Scottish Toxoplasma Reference Laboratory in April to March 1999/2000 and 2009/2010. Numbers of patient sera submitted for testing were similar (1624 and 1552) but there was a change in the clinical profile with a significant fall in patients with symptoms of current infection (612 versus 335; p < 0.0001) and a significant rise in immunocompromised patients (275 versus 531; p = 0.0001). Although the percentage of patient samples with toxoplasma antibody decreased (53.9%... Journal of Medical Microbiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5141190 Wed, 03 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5141190 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5097627&cid=s_37692_77_f&fid=37692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21799201%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, the current study indicates that a host serum germination factor with peptidoglycan hydrolyzing activity is capable of triggering germination of C. perfringens spores by directly degrading the spore peptidoglycan cortex. Collectively, this study contributes to our understanding of the mechanism of in vivo germination of spores of C. perfringens. PMID: 21799201 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Journal of Medical Microbiology) Journal of Medical Microbiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5097627 Wed, 27 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5097627 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5097609&cid=s_37692_77_f&fid=37692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21799202%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, a novel electrochemical detection based microarray was used to identify gene expression patterns among humans with culture confirmed GAS pharyngitis. Using 14 samples (11 GAS positive and 3 GAS negative) obtained from subjects seen at the Brooke Army Medical Center pediatric clinic, this study demonstrated two different clusters of gene expression patterns. One cluster expressed a larger number of genes related to phages, immune system evasion and survival among competing oral flora signifying a potentially more virulent pattern of gene expression. The other cluster showed a greater number of genes related to nutrient acquisition and protein expression. This in vivo genome wide analysis of GAS gene expression in humans with pharyngitis evaluates global gene expression in ter... Journal of Medical Microbiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5097609 Wed, 27 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5097609 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5051573&cid=s_37692_77_f&fid=37692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21757501%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Chalmers RM, Campbell B, Crouch N, Charlett A, Davies A To compare the diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of seven Cryptosporidium diagnostic assays used in the UK, results from 259 stool samples from patients with acute gastrointestinal symptoms were compared against a nominated gold standard (real-time PCR and oocyst detection). Of the 152 'true positives', 80 were C. hominis, 68 C. parvum, two C. felis, one C. ubiquitum and one C. meleagridis. Cryptosporidium spp. diagnostic sensitivities of three Cryptosporidium and Giardia combination copro-antigen enzyme immunoassays (EIA) coupled with confirmation of positive reactions were 91.4% to 93.4%, sensitivity of auramine phenol microscopy was 92.1% and of immunofluorescence microscopy (IFM) was 97.4%, all with overlapping 9... Journal of Medical Microbiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5051573 Wed, 13 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5051573 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5051572&cid=s_37692_77_f&fid=37692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21757502%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Argudín MA, Mendoza MC, Vázquez F, Rodicio MR The exotoxin gene content was established for 62 Staphylococcus aureus isolates causing bloodstream (31) and wound (31) infections in geriatric patients attending a long-term care Spanish hospital during 1996 to 2006. This was based on PCR-screening of genes encoding five haemolysins, three exfoliatins, three leukotoxins, and 21 pyrogenic toxin superantigens (PTSAgs), in addition to markers of genomic (νSaβ) and pathogenicity (SaPIs) islands. Exotoxin genes were abundant in both bloodstream (11 to 23 genes) and wound (8 to 19 genes) isolates, and they were arranged in 55 combinations with only two represented in both groups. All isolates were positive for genes encoding haemolysins (hl; 3 to 5) and PTSAgs (tst, se and sel; 5 to... Journal of Medical Microbiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5051572 Wed, 13 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5051572 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5051571&cid=s_37692_77_f&fid=37692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21757503%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Waller AS, Paillot R, Timoney JF Strangles caused by the host adapted Lancefield group C Streptococcus equi sub-species equi (S. equi) is a frequently diagnosed infectious disease of horses world-wide. Critical to the global success of S. equi is its ability to establish persistent infections within the guttural pouches of recovered apparently healthy horses that can result in transmission to in-contact animals. Recent research has identified key events in the S. equi genome, which occurred during its evolution from an ancestral strain of Streptococcus equi sub-species zooepidemicus that may enhance its ability to evade host innate immune responses and rapidly multiply in the tonsillar complex and draining lymph nodes. This review discusses the role of these genetic events on ... Journal of Medical Microbiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5051571 Wed, 13 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5051571 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5051578&cid=s_37692_77_f&fid=37692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21737541%26dopt%3DAbstract We describe the success of adjunctive bacteriophage therapy for refractory Pseudomonas aeruginosa urinary tract infection in the context of bilateral ureteric stents and bladder ulceration, after repeated failure of antibiotics alone. No bacteriophage resistant bacteria arose and the kinetics of bacteriophage and bacteria in urine suggest self-sustaining and self-limiting infection. PMID: 21737541 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Journal of Medical Microbiology) Journal of Medical Microbiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5051578 Wed, 06 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5051578 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5051577&cid=s_37692_77_f&fid=37692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21737542%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Gundogdu A, Long YB, Vollmerhausen TL, Katouli M We studied 137 uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC), isolated from hospitalized adult patients (Queensland, Australia), for their resistance to 17 antimicrobial agents using the Calibrated Dichotomous Sensitivity (CDS) method and the presence of classes l, ll and lll integron-associated integrases (intI genes) including functional class II intI2 as well as sul1, sul2 and sul3 genes using PCR. Randomly amplified polymorphic DNA PCR, a high resolution PhP-fingerprinting method and phylogenetic grouping were also used to identify the clonality of the sulphafurazole resistant isolates. One hundred and twenty (87.6%) isolates were resistance to one or more of the tested antimicrobial drugs with the highest resistance (70%) observed ... Journal of Medical Microbiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5051577 Wed, 06 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5051577 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5051576&cid=s_37692_77_f&fid=37692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21737543%26dopt%3DAbstract We report six cases of 'Haemophilius quentini' isolated from the genitourinary tract in males. The isolation of H. quentini during routine urine and urethral culture in adult men may aid in the determination of unresolved urethritis and possible urinary tract infections. PMID: 21737543 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Journal of Medical Microbiology) Journal of Medical Microbiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5051576 Wed, 06 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5051576 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5051575&cid=s_37692_77_f&fid=37692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21737544%26dopt%3DAbstract We report a case of meningitis due to Streptococcus australis, a newly described species of oral streptococcus. Accurate identification was performed by various molecular techniques. PMID: 21737544 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Journal of Medical Microbiology) Journal of Medical Microbiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5051575 Wed, 06 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5051575 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5051574&cid=s_37692_77_f&fid=37692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21737545%26dopt%3DAbstract We described a case of right elbow septic arthritis due to S. species most closely related to S. sanguinegens in a young immunocompetent woman. S. sanguinegens has never been implicated in osteoarticular infections. PMID: 21737545 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Journal of Medical Microbiology) Journal of Medical Microbiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5051574 Wed, 06 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5051574 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5001055&cid=s_37692_77_f&fid=37692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21719574%26dopt%3DAbstract This study focussed on identifying possible new options derived from natural sources for the treatment of bacterial infections. Several natural products were investigated for their potential in modulating Shigella-host cell interaction. The proliferation of Shigella sonnei was effectively inhibited inside HEp-2 cells in the presence of 4-methoxycinnamic acid and propolin D. Propolin D also significantly reduced the apopotosis of infected macrophage-like U937 cells, and moderately reduced the secretion of IL-1β and IL-18, which likely resulted from inhibition of IpaB secretion by the compound. Further characterisation showed that propolin D did not prevent escape of Shigella from phagocytic vacuoles as evidenced by actin-based motility and by the fact that addition of chloroquine did not f... Journal of Medical Microbiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5001055 Wed, 29 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5001055 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5001054&cid=s_37692_77_f&fid=37692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21719575%26dopt%3DAbstract This study examines the pattern of colonization of the neonatal gut by aerobic Gram negative bacilli (GNB) and evaluates the association between gut colonization and sepsis in the developing world. This deserves attention because of the high incidence of sepsis and the differences in hygienic environment in developing countries compared to the developed world. The study was carried out on neonates in a tertiary care government hospital. The serial gut samples were analyzed (gastric aspirate, GA-1 & GA-2 and stool, S-1&S-2) for GNB. Blood samples of those showing clinical signs of sepsis, were also analyzed for septic screen and culture positivity. Antibiogram, serotyping and Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis were carried out to evaluate the relatedness of the gut and blood isolates.... Journal of Medical Microbiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5001054 Wed, 29 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5001054 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5001053&cid=s_37692_77_f&fid=37692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21719576%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Hamouda A, Findlay J, Amyes SG No abstract. PMID: 21719576 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Journal of Medical Microbiology) Journal of Medical Microbiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5001053 Wed, 29 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5001053 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5001052&cid=s_37692_77_f&fid=37692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21719577%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Ruiz Del Castillo B, García de la Fuente C, Agüero J, Oteo J, Gómez-Ullate J, Bautista V, De Las Cuevas I, Martínez-Martínez L The microbiology characteristics of three clones of multiresistant E. coli isolated from preterm newborns admitted in a neonatal intensive care unit where quinolones are not used are described. All isolates were resistant to nalidixic acid, with MICs of ciprofloxacin ranging 1-64 mg/l, due to chromosomal mutations in topoisomerase genes. Resistance to ampicillin, gentamicin and/or sulfametoxazole was related to large conjugative plasmids of incompatibility groups N, F, and/or I1. All isolates contained the virulence genes iutA and fimH, and additional virulence genes depending on the considered clone. PMID: 21719577 [PubMed - as supplied by pu... Journal of Medical Microbiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5001052 Wed, 29 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5001052 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5001061&cid=s_37692_77_f&fid=37692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21700737%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, all 3 echinocandins were effective against C. tropicalis biofilms. MFG had the lowest MIC(50) and was least likely to produce a PE, suggesting a potential role as a component of antimicrobial lock therapy. PMID: 21700737 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Journal of Medical Microbiology) Journal of Medical Microbiology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5001061 Wed, 22 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5001061